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Unnamed: 0 int64 0 350k	level_0 int64 0 351k	ApplicationNumber int64 9.75M 96.1M	ArtUnit int64 1.6k 3.99k	Abstract stringlengths 1 8.37k	Claims stringlengths 3 292k	abstract-claims stringlengths 68 293k	TechCenter int64 1.6k 3.9k
12,900	12,900	12,631,092	3,629	A system creates and maintains an industry business architecture model (IBAM) over a network. The IBAM has a component business model, process model, service model, and information model. It also may include a reference architecture, demos and other knowledge assets, and collateral.	1. A system for creating an industry business architecture model over a network, comprising: at least one client system; a server operably coupled to said at least one client system via said network; a plurality of applications executable via said server; a data storage device in communication with said server via said network, the data storage device storing databases housing information and models resulting from execution of said plurality of applications, the databases including a component business model database, a process model database, a service model database, and an information model database; an industry business architecture model executing on said system, said industry business architecture model performing: creating a CBM model, a process model, a services model, and an information model, and linkages therebetween; creating a reference architecture and defining knowledge assets; and storing said models, said reference architecture, and said knowledge assets in said data storage device. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said component business model includes at least one heat map. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said component business model includes key performance indicators. 4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a data collection device for collecting cost center data from an enterprise and calculating values for said key performance indicators. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein said services model includes service portfolios created by performing goal service modeling. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said services model includes services exposed by performing a services litmus test. 7. A storage medium encoded with machine-readable computer program code for creating an industry business architecture model over a network to implement a method, comprising: executing a plurality of applications on a server; storing databases on a data storage device in communication with said server over said network, said databases housing information and models resulting from execution of said plurality of applications, the databases including a component business model database, a process model database, a service model database, and an information model database; executing on said system, an industry business architecture model, said industry business architecture model performing: creating a CBM model, a process model, a services model, and an information model, and linkages therebetween; creating a reference architecture and defining knowledge assets; and storing said models, said reference architecture, and said knowledge assets in said data storage device. 8. The storage medium of claim 7, further comprising instructions for causing said network to implement collecting cost center data from an enterprise using a data collection device operably coupled to said network, and calculating values for key performance indicators in said component business model using said cost center data.	A system creates and maintains an industry business architecture model (IBAM) over a network. The IBAM has a component business model, process model, service model, and information model. It also may include a reference architecture, demos and other knowledge assets, and collateral.1. A system for creating an industry business architecture model over a network, comprising: at least one client system; a server operably coupled to said at least one client system via said network; a plurality of applications executable via said server; a data storage device in communication with said server via said network, the data storage device storing databases housing information and models resulting from execution of said plurality of applications, the databases including a component business model database, a process model database, a service model database, and an information model database; an industry business architecture model executing on said system, said industry business architecture model performing: creating a CBM model, a process model, a services model, and an information model, and linkages therebetween; creating a reference architecture and defining knowledge assets; and storing said models, said reference architecture, and said knowledge assets in said data storage device. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said component business model includes at least one heat map. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said component business model includes key performance indicators. 4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a data collection device for collecting cost center data from an enterprise and calculating values for said key performance indicators. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein said services model includes service portfolios created by performing goal service modeling. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said services model includes services exposed by performing a services litmus test. 7. A storage medium encoded with machine-readable computer program code for creating an industry business architecture model over a network to implement a method, comprising: executing a plurality of applications on a server; storing databases on a data storage device in communication with said server over said network, said databases housing information and models resulting from execution of said plurality of applications, the databases including a component business model database, a process model database, a service model database, and an information model database; executing on said system, an industry business architecture model, said industry business architecture model performing: creating a CBM model, a process model, a services model, and an information model, and linkages therebetween; creating a reference architecture and defining knowledge assets; and storing said models, said reference architecture, and said knowledge assets in said data storage device. 8. The storage medium of claim 7, further comprising instructions for causing said network to implement collecting cost center data from an enterprise using a data collection device operably coupled to said network, and calculating values for key performance indicators in said component business model using said cost center data.	3,600
12,901	12,901	14,525,760	3,694	Systems and methods for testing two or more pieces of marketing communication content that intelligently selects test recipients sets to get effective results in a timely manner. One embodiment involves identifying a category of a marketing campaign and identifying potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category. The embodiment further involves selecting a first subset and a second subset of the potential test recipients and sending the first marketing communication content to the first subset and sending the second marketing communication content to the second subset. The embodiment further involves assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset.	1. A method comprising: identifying a category of a marketing campaign, wherein a first marketing communication content and a second marketing communication content relate to the category; identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising selecting the first marketing communication content or the second marketing communication content as A/B test winning content based on comparing the responsiveness of the first subset and the responsiveness of the second subset. 3. The method of claim 2 further comprising sending the A/B test winning content to additional recipients in the set of recipients. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising: sending a marketing communication comprising at least one of the first marketing communication content and the second marketing communication content to additional recipients in the set of recipients; and storing category-specific responsiveness information for the additional recipients based on responsiveness of each of the additional recipients to the marketing communication, wherein the category-specific responsiveness information is used in identifying future potential test recipients for future marketing communications. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising: determining a first responsiveness score for the first marketing communication content based on: the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset to the first marketing communication content; and a first average responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset to prior marketing communications related to the category; determining a second responsiveness score for the second marketing communication content based on: the responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset to the second marketing communication content; and a second average responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset to prior marketing communications related to the category. 6. The method of claim 5 further comprising selecting a winning marketing communication based on the first responsiveness score and the second responsiveness score. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising: identifying an average responsiveness to prior marketing communications related to the category; and providing a notification based on determining that the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset is less than the average responsiveness. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising: identifying an average responsiveness to prior marketing communications related to the category; and providing a notification based on determining that the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset is less than the average responsiveness and that the responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset is less than the average responsiveness. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the average responsiveness is an average of responsiveness by potential recipients interested in the category. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein selecting the first subset and the second subset is based at least in part on how quickly each of the potential test recipients interacted with marketing communications in the past. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying the category of the marketing campaign comprises performing an automated process on text associated with the campaign to identify the category from a set of predefined categories. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying the category of the marketing campaign comprises receiving input selecting a category from a set of predefined categories. 13. The method of claim 1 further comprising accessing a database to identify the interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, wherein the database is updated with category-specific responsiveness information following marketing communications. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the first marketing communication content and second marketing communication content are sent via email or text message. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the first marketing communication content and second marketing communication content are sent via social media or direct mail. 16. A method comprising: identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are quick responders based on timing of interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein identifying potential test recipients who are quick responders comprises identifying recipients whose average response time to the prior marketing communications is less than a threshold response time. 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising determining the threshold response time based on input received from a user. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein identifying the potential test recipients who are quick responders comprises identifying test recipients who are both interested in a marketing campaign category and whose average response time to the prior marketing communications is less than a threshold response time. 20. A system comprising: a processing device; and a non-transitory computer-readable medium communicatively coupled to the processing device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute instructions to perform operations comprising: identifying a category of a marketing campaign, wherein a first marketing communication content and a second marketing communication content relate to the category; identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset.	Systems and methods for testing two or more pieces of marketing communication content that intelligently selects test recipients sets to get effective results in a timely manner. One embodiment involves identifying a category of a marketing campaign and identifying potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category. The embodiment further involves selecting a first subset and a second subset of the potential test recipients and sending the first marketing communication content to the first subset and sending the second marketing communication content to the second subset. The embodiment further involves assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset.1. A method comprising: identifying a category of a marketing campaign, wherein a first marketing communication content and a second marketing communication content relate to the category; identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising selecting the first marketing communication content or the second marketing communication content as A/B test winning content based on comparing the responsiveness of the first subset and the responsiveness of the second subset. 3. The method of claim 2 further comprising sending the A/B test winning content to additional recipients in the set of recipients. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising: sending a marketing communication comprising at least one of the first marketing communication content and the second marketing communication content to additional recipients in the set of recipients; and storing category-specific responsiveness information for the additional recipients based on responsiveness of each of the additional recipients to the marketing communication, wherein the category-specific responsiveness information is used in identifying future potential test recipients for future marketing communications. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising: determining a first responsiveness score for the first marketing communication content based on: the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset to the first marketing communication content; and a first average responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset to prior marketing communications related to the category; determining a second responsiveness score for the second marketing communication content based on: the responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset to the second marketing communication content; and a second average responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset to prior marketing communications related to the category. 6. The method of claim 5 further comprising selecting a winning marketing communication based on the first responsiveness score and the second responsiveness score. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising: identifying an average responsiveness to prior marketing communications related to the category; and providing a notification based on determining that the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset is less than the average responsiveness. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising: identifying an average responsiveness to prior marketing communications related to the category; and providing a notification based on determining that the responsiveness of the recipients of the first subset is less than the average responsiveness and that the responsiveness of the recipients of the second subset is less than the average responsiveness. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the average responsiveness is an average of responsiveness by potential recipients interested in the category. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein selecting the first subset and the second subset is based at least in part on how quickly each of the potential test recipients interacted with marketing communications in the past. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying the category of the marketing campaign comprises performing an automated process on text associated with the campaign to identify the category from a set of predefined categories. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying the category of the marketing campaign comprises receiving input selecting a category from a set of predefined categories. 13. The method of claim 1 further comprising accessing a database to identify the interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, wherein the database is updated with category-specific responsiveness information following marketing communications. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the first marketing communication content and second marketing communication content are sent via email or text message. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the first marketing communication content and second marketing communication content are sent via social media or direct mail. 16. A method comprising: identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are quick responders based on timing of interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein identifying potential test recipients who are quick responders comprises identifying recipients whose average response time to the prior marketing communications is less than a threshold response time. 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising determining the threshold response time based on input received from a user. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein identifying the potential test recipients who are quick responders comprises identifying test recipients who are both interested in a marketing campaign category and whose average response time to the prior marketing communications is less than a threshold response time. 20. A system comprising: a processing device; and a non-transitory computer-readable medium communicatively coupled to the processing device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute instructions to perform operations comprising: identifying a category of a marketing campaign, wherein a first marketing communication content and a second marketing communication content relate to the category; identifying, by a processing device, potential test recipients who are interested in the category based on interactions by each respective potential test recipient with prior marketing communications associated with the category, the potential test recipients identified from a set of potential recipients; sending the first marketing communication content to a first subset of the potential test recipients and sending the second marketing communication content to a second subset of the potential test recipients; and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the first subset and assessing responsiveness of recipients of the second subset.	3,600
12,902	12,902	12,940,147	3,695	A technique to provide a return from an aggregate of an investment in a cash equivalent account and a leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of a theoretical position in an underlying index for the period of time is provided by calculating in a computer system a benchmark exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index fund; and based on the benchmark exposure, determining whether to initiate a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product to a cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product according to the determined daily benchmark exposure.	1. A computer implemented method comprises: periodically calculating by a computer system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged index product; based on the determined theoretical position, determining by the computer a level of investment in a leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position: and accessing account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the level of investment comprises: determining whether to recommend a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to a cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: executing a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and the cash equivalent account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the theoretical position comprises: calculating a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure by: selecting a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 6. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, sending a message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account; receiving a user selection based on the account holder preferences. 7. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index fund based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, using an automated system to transfer funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account based on the account holder preferences. 8. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the current value by more than a specified tolerance, sending a message based on account holder preferences to recommend a transfer of funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 9. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the current value by more than a specified tolerance, using an automated system based on the account holder preferences to transfer funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 10. The method of claim 2 wherein the cash equivalent account is a money market account that is linked to the leveraged index product account. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the theoretical position in the underlying index is a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 1 wherein periodically calculating occurs on days that the market for securities in the underlying index is open. 14. A computer program product residing on a computer readable medium for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged index product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: periodically calculate in a computer system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged fund; and based on the theoretical position, determine the level of investment in a leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position in the underlying index; and accessing account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 15. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: determine whether to initiate a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to a cash equivalent account or from a cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 16. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: execute a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and cash equivalent account according to the theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 17. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed, provide a return from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the index. 18. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance, send a message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account; and receive a user selection based on the account holder preferences. 19. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance, use an automated system to transfer funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account based on the account holder preferences. 20. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance, send a message based on the account holder preferences to recommend a transfer of funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 21. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance, use an automated system based on the account holder preferences to transfer a portion of the cash equivalent account to the investor's leveraged index product account. 22. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 23. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the theoretical position in the underlying index is a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 24. A computing system comprises: a processor; and memory for executing along with the processor a computer program product; a computer readable medium storing the computer program product, the computer program product for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged exposure product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: periodically calculate in the computing system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged index product; and based on the theoretical position, determine the level of investment in an leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position in the underlying index; and accessing, account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: execute a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and a cash equivalent account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 26. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the instructions, when executed, provide a return from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the index over the time period. 27. A memory for storing data for access by an application program for managing leveraged index products, the application program being executed on a data processing system, comprising: a data structure stored in said memory, said data structure including information resident in a database used by said application program and including: a field identifying the leveraged index product; a field identifying a cash account; a field identifying a leveraged fund account associated with the cash account; and a field identifying exposure rebalancing options for the leveraged product account. 28. The memory of claim 27, wherein the field that identifies exposure rebalancing options identifies that an owner of the account accepts automatic exposure rebalancing. 29. The memory of claim 27, wherein the field that identifies exposure rebalancing options identifies that an owner of the account accepts messages to recommend transactions for exposure rebalancing. 30. The memory of claim 27, wherein in the data structure the field identifying the cash account is linked to the field identifying the leveraged fund account associated with the cash account. 31. A computer implemented method comprises: sending by one or more computers a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receiving by one or more computers a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transferring by the one or more computers an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprises: sending a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 33. The method of claim 31 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 34. The method of claim 31 further comprises: calculating the theoretical position. 35. The method of claim 34 wherein calculating the theoretical position comprises: calculating a theoretical benchmark; and selecting a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 36. The method of claim 32 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, sending the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 37. The method of claim 36 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index fund based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance transferring the funds. 38. The method of claim 31 wherein the cash equivalent account is a money market account that is linked to the leveraged index product account. 39. The method of claim 35 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) is determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 40. The method of claim 31 wherein periodically sending occurs on days that the market for securities in the underlying index is open for trading. 41. A computer program product residing on a computer readable storage medium for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged index product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: send a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receive a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transfer an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 42. The computer program product of claim 41, further comprising instructions to: send a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 43. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 44. The computer program product of claim 41 further comprising instructions to: calculate the theoretical position. 45. The computer program product of claim 44 wherein instructions to calculate the theoretical position further comprise instructions to: calculate a theoretical benchmark exposure; and select a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 46. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance; send the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 47. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance transfer the funds. 48. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 49. The computer program product of claim 45 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 50. A computer system comprises: a processor; memory for executing along with the processor a computer program product; and a computer readable medium storing the computer program product, the computer program product for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged exposure product comprises instructions for causing the computer system to: send a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receive a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transfer an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 51. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: send a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 52. The apparatus of claim 51 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 53. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: calculate the theoretical position. 54. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to calculate the theoretical position further comprise instructions to: calculate a theoretical benchmark exposure; and select a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 55. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance; send the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 56. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to determine Whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance transfer the funds. 57. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 58. The apparatus of claim 54 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)*(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period.	A technique to provide a return from an aggregate of an investment in a cash equivalent account and a leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of a theoretical position in an underlying index for the period of time is provided by calculating in a computer system a benchmark exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index fund; and based on the benchmark exposure, determining whether to initiate a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product to a cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product according to the determined daily benchmark exposure.1. A computer implemented method comprises: periodically calculating by a computer system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged index product; based on the determined theoretical position, determining by the computer a level of investment in a leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position: and accessing account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the level of investment comprises: determining whether to recommend a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to a cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: executing a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and the cash equivalent account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the theoretical position comprises: calculating a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure by: selecting a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 6. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, sending a message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account; receiving a user selection based on the account holder preferences. 7. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index fund based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, using an automated system to transfer funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account based on the account holder preferences. 8. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the current value by more than a specified tolerance, sending a message based on account holder preferences to recommend a transfer of funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 9. The method of claim 2 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the current value by more than a specified tolerance, using an automated system based on the account holder preferences to transfer funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 10. The method of claim 2 wherein the cash equivalent account is a money market account that is linked to the leveraged index product account. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the theoretical position in the underlying index is a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 12. (canceled) 13. The method of claim 1 wherein periodically calculating occurs on days that the market for securities in the underlying index is open. 14. A computer program product residing on a computer readable medium for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged index product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: periodically calculate in a computer system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged fund; and based on the theoretical position, determine the level of investment in a leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position in the underlying index; and accessing account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 15. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: determine whether to initiate a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to a cash equivalent account or from a cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 16. The computer program product of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: execute a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and cash equivalent account according to the theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 17. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed, provide a return from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the index. 18. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance, send a message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account; and receive a user selection based on the account holder preferences. 19. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance, use an automated system to transfer funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account based on the account holder preferences. 20. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance, send a message based on the account holder preferences to recommend a transfer of funds from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account. 21. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance, use an automated system based on the account holder preferences to transfer a portion of the cash equivalent account to the investor's leveraged index product account. 22. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 23. The computer program product of claim 14 wherein the theoretical position in the underlying index is a Theoretical Benchmark Exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 24. A computing system comprises: a processor; and memory for executing along with the processor a computer program product; a computer readable medium storing the computer program product, the computer program product for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged exposure product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: periodically calculate in the computing system, a theoretical position in an underlying index that corresponds to an index used in a leveraged index product; and based on the theoretical position, determine the level of investment in an leveraged index product account that is required to provide substantially the same exposure to the underlying index as the exposure provided by the theoretical position in the underlying index; and accessing, account holder preferences of a holder of the leveraged index product account to determine an action to take regarding a transfer of funds between the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account. 25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: execute a transaction to re-allocate funds between the leveraged index product account and a cash equivalent account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index and account holder preferences. 26. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the instructions, when executed, provide a return from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the index over the time period. 27. A memory for storing data for access by an application program for managing leveraged index products, the application program being executed on a data processing system, comprising: a data structure stored in said memory, said data structure including information resident in a database used by said application program and including: a field identifying the leveraged index product; a field identifying a cash account; a field identifying a leveraged fund account associated with the cash account; and a field identifying exposure rebalancing options for the leveraged product account. 28. The memory of claim 27, wherein the field that identifies exposure rebalancing options identifies that an owner of the account accepts automatic exposure rebalancing. 29. The memory of claim 27, wherein the field that identifies exposure rebalancing options identifies that an owner of the account accepts messages to recommend transactions for exposure rebalancing. 30. The memory of claim 27, wherein in the data structure the field identifying the cash account is linked to the field identifying the leveraged fund account associated with the cash account. 31. A computer implemented method comprises: sending by one or more computers a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receiving by one or more computers a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transferring by the one or more computers an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprises: sending a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 33. The method of claim 31 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 34. The method of claim 31 further comprises: calculating the theoretical position. 35. The method of claim 34 wherein calculating the theoretical position comprises: calculating a theoretical benchmark; and selecting a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 36. The method of claim 32 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance, sending the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 37. The method of claim 36 wherein determining whether to initiate a transaction further comprises: determining a desired investment in a leveraged index fund based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; comparing the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product exceeds the desired value by more than a specified tolerance transferring the funds. 38. The method of claim 31 wherein the cash equivalent account is a money market account that is linked to the leveraged index product account. 39. The method of claim 35 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) is determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 40. The method of claim 31 wherein periodically sending occurs on days that the market for securities in the underlying index is open for trading. 41. A computer program product residing on a computer readable storage medium for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged index product comprises instructions for causing a computer to: send a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receive a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transfer an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 42. The computer program product of claim 41, further comprising instructions to: send a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 43. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 44. The computer program product of claim 41 further comprising instructions to: calculate the theoretical position. 45. The computer program product of claim 44 wherein instructions to calculate the theoretical position further comprise instructions to: calculate a theoretical benchmark exposure; and select a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 46. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance; send the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 47. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance transfer the funds. 48. The computer program product of claim 41 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 49. The computer program product of claim 45 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period. 50. A computer system comprises: a processor; memory for executing along with the processor a computer program product; and a computer readable medium storing the computer program product, the computer program product for rebalancing exposure to an underlying index in a leveraged exposure product comprises instructions for causing the computer system to: send a message that includes a determined a level of investment in a leveraged index product account required to provide the account with substantially the same exposure to a underlying index as an exposure provided by a determined theoretical position taken in the index; and receive a selection of the level of investment to maintain in the leveraged index product account; transfer an amount of cash between the leveraged index product account and a cash account, according to the determined level of investment. 51. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: send a recommendation of a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product account according to the determined theoretical position in the underlying index. 52. The apparatus of claim 51 wherein a return provided from the aggregate of investment in the cash equivalent account and the leveraged index product account over a time period is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of the theoretical position in the index over the period of time. 53. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the computer program product further comprising instructions to: calculate the theoretical position. 54. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to calculate the theoretical position further comprise instructions to: calculate a theoretical benchmark exposure; and select a model to provide the exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index product. 55. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to determine whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in the leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the current value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the desired investment by more than a specified tolerance; send the message to recommend a transfer of funds from the leveraged index product account to the cash equivalent account. 56. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein instructions to determine Whether to initiate a transaction further comprise instructions to: determine a desired investment in a leveraged index product based on the theoretical position in the underlying index; compare the desired investment in a leveraged index product to the current value of the funds in the leveraged index product account to provide a difference; and if the desired value of funds in the leveraged index product account exceeds the current investment by more than a specified tolerance transfer the funds. 57. The apparatus of claim 50 wherein the cash equivalent account is in a money market account that is linked to the investor's leveraged index product account. 58. The apparatus of claim 54 wherein the theoretical benchmark exposure (TBE) determined according to: (TBE)=KP(1+X)−((K−1)(P)(r)*(ip)) where “P” is an amount of allocated assets; “K” is an leverage multiple of P; where the value of K is less than a beta of the leveraged fund; “X” is the return of the underlying index; “r” is the broker call rate and “ip” is the investment period.	3,600
12,903	12,903	14,591,669	3,678	Systems and methods for reducing scouring around piles are described. The system includes a pile and an enclosure. The pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D p . The enclosure is circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D e , wherein D e is at least 1.25*D p .	1. A system for reducing scouring, comprising: a pile having a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; an enclosure circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25Dp. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein De is at least 2Dp. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure has a maximum axial dimension, Le, greater than a predicted scouring line. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure has a maximum axial dimension, Le, and at least 90% of the maximum axial dimension, Le, is disposed beneath a surface of the seabed. 5. The system of claim 1, the enclosure further comprising a metal plate attached to the first end of the enclosure and configured to connect the enclosure to the pile. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure is configured to be connected to the pile prior to installation in the seabed. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure is configured to be connected to an existing pile to mitigate scouring around the pile. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure comprises multiple sections configured to be connected together to be disposed circumferentially around the pile. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the pile is a suction pile. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least one internal structure disposed radially between an outer surface of the pile and an inner surface of the enclosure. 11. A method for reducing scouring around a pile, comprising: providing a pile, wherein the pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; installing an enclosure circumferentially around the pile, wherein the installed enclosure has a first end proximate a surface of a seabed, a second end distal the surface of the seabed, and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25Dp. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising connecting the first end of the enclosure to a plate, wherein the plate is configured to connect the enclosure to the pile. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the enclosure is connected to the pile prior to installation of the pile in the seabed. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the pile is an existing pile and the enclosure is installed around the existing pile to mitigate scouring around the pile. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the pile is installed by driving the pile into the seabed. 16. The method of claim 11, comprising providing at least one internal structure disposed radially between an outer surface of the pile and an inner surface of the enclosure. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein De is at least 2Dp. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting a scouring line. 19. A system for reducing scouring around anchors used for offshore production facilities, comprising: a plurality of piles for stabilizing an offshore floating structure, wherein each pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; an enclosure circumferentially disposed around each pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25*Dp. 20. The system of claim 19, further comprising a plurality of metal plates, wherein each metal plate connects the enclosure to each of the plurality of piles.	Systems and methods for reducing scouring around piles are described. The system includes a pile and an enclosure. The pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D p . The enclosure is circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D e , wherein D e is at least 1.25D p .1. A system for reducing scouring, comprising: a pile having a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; an enclosure circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25Dp. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein De is at least 2Dp. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure has a maximum axial dimension, Le, greater than a predicted scouring line. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure has a maximum axial dimension, Le, and at least 90% of the maximum axial dimension, Le, is disposed beneath a surface of the seabed. 5. The system of claim 1, the enclosure further comprising a metal plate attached to the first end of the enclosure and configured to connect the enclosure to the pile. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure is configured to be connected to the pile prior to installation in the seabed. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure is configured to be connected to an existing pile to mitigate scouring around the pile. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure comprises multiple sections configured to be connected together to be disposed circumferentially around the pile. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the pile is a suction pile. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least one internal structure disposed radially between an outer surface of the pile and an inner surface of the enclosure. 11. A method for reducing scouring around a pile, comprising: providing a pile, wherein the pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; installing an enclosure circumferentially around the pile, wherein the installed enclosure has a first end proximate a surface of a seabed, a second end distal the surface of the seabed, and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25Dp. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising connecting the first end of the enclosure to a plate, wherein the plate is configured to connect the enclosure to the pile. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the enclosure is connected to the pile prior to installation of the pile in the seabed. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the pile is an existing pile and the enclosure is installed around the existing pile to mitigate scouring around the pile. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the pile is installed by driving the pile into the seabed. 16. The method of claim 11, comprising providing at least one internal structure disposed radially between an outer surface of the pile and an inner surface of the enclosure. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein De is at least 2Dp. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting a scouring line. 19. A system for reducing scouring around anchors used for offshore production facilities, comprising: a plurality of piles for stabilizing an offshore floating structure, wherein each pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, Dp; an enclosure circumferentially disposed around each pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, De, wherein De is at least 1.25Dp. 20. The system of claim 19, further comprising a plurality of metal plates, wherein each metal plate connects the enclosure to each of the plurality of piles.	3,600
12,904	12,904	14,500,400	3,683	Method, system, and computer program product for assigning personnel to various operations. Priority rankings for each of the operations can be assigned, and each of the operations can include at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking At least one personal time limit can be calculated for each person from among the personnel. Persons from among the personnel whose at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion can be assigned to operations with the highest priority rankings	1. A method for assigning various personnel to various operations, comprising: assigning a priority ranking to each of the various operations, wherein each of the various operations includes at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking; calculating at least one personal time limit for the various personnel; and assigning operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising assigning to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst the remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit exceeds the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst remaining personnel. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 8. A system, comprising: memory storing: priority rankings for each of a plurality of operations; at least one personnel time limit criterion for each of the plurality of operations, based on the priority ranking for the operation; and information relating to personnel, including personal time limits for each person; and a processor configured to assign operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein a person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor further assigns to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst the remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit is least likely to be exceeded the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personal time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst remaining personnel. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 15. A computer program product for assigning personnel to various operations, the computer program product comprising: a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program code embodied therewith, the computer-readable program code executable by one or more computer processors to: assign a priority ranking to each of the various operations, wherein each of the various operations includes at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking; calculate at least one personal time limit for the various personnel; and assign operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 16. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 17. The computer program product of claim 16, wherein the computer-readable program code is further executable by one or more computer processors to assign to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the remaining personnel. 19. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 20. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 21. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time.	Method, system, and computer program product for assigning personnel to various operations. Priority rankings for each of the operations can be assigned, and each of the operations can include at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking At least one personal time limit can be calculated for each person from among the personnel. Persons from among the personnel whose at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion can be assigned to operations with the highest priority rankings1. A method for assigning various personnel to various operations, comprising: assigning a priority ranking to each of the various operations, wherein each of the various operations includes at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking; calculating at least one personal time limit for the various personnel; and assigning operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising assigning to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst the remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit exceeds the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst remaining personnel. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 8. A system, comprising: memory storing: priority rankings for each of a plurality of operations; at least one personnel time limit criterion for each of the plurality of operations, based on the priority ranking for the operation; and information relating to personnel, including personal time limits for each person; and a processor configured to assign operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein a person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor further assigns to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst the remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit is least likely to be exceeded the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personal time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst remaining personnel. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 15. A computer program product for assigning personnel to various operations, the computer program product comprising: a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program code embodied therewith, the computer-readable program code executable by one or more computer processors to: assign a priority ranking to each of the various operations, wherein each of the various operations includes at least one personnel time limit criterion based on the priority ranking; calculate at least one personal time limit for the various personnel; and assign operations with high priority rankings to persons from amongst the personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit are less likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 16. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the highest priority ranking has a calculated at least one personal time limit that is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the personnel. 17. The computer program product of claim 16, wherein the computer-readable program code is further executable by one or more computer processors to assign to the operation with the second highest priority ranking a person from amongst remaining personnel whose calculated at least one personal time limit is least likely to be exceeded by the at least one personnel time limit criterion. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the person assigned to the operation with the second highest priority ranking has calculated at least one personal time limits that exceed the at least one personnel time limit criterion by the largest amount from amongst the remaining personnel. 19. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum connection time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum connection time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 20. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum block time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum block time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum block time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time. 21. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein each of the various operations is a flight of an aircraft, wherein the at least one personnel time limit criterion comprises a minimum remaining duty time for a pilot for the flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a first length of time for a high priority flight, wherein the minimum remaining duty time is a second length of time for a low priority flight, and wherein the first length of time is longer than the second length of time.	3,600
12,905	12,905	12,184,129	3,685	The subject matter disclosed herein relates to regulating the operation of component object model add-ins associated with a user interface.	1. A method, comprising: performing, by a computer: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add-ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre- existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein: said disabling the component object model add-in; and the disabled component object model add-in is a primary component object model add-in that is capable of governing digital rights management. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains includes determining whether the command comprises one of a plurality of operations contained in a library of operations. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited operation comprises an on-action-type callback for a security-type operation, a digital rights management operation, and/or any combination thereof. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, passing the command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains to an operating system for execution. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the graphical user interface comprises a ribbon-type graphical user interface, and the method further comprises parsing an XML resource associated with each of the one or more component object model add-ins that specifies a layout of the ribbon-type graphical user interface. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains comprises: parsing an XML resource associated with at least one of the one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface; wherein said parsing is initiated by a primary component object model add-in. 11. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions that when executed by the processor perform: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add-ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre- existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein: said disabling the component object model add-in disables at least a portion of the component object model add-in; and the disabled component object model add-in is a primary component object model add-in that is capable of governing digital rights management. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, passing the command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains to an operating system for execution; wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains includes determining whether the command comprises one of a plurality of operations contained in a library of operations; wherein the limited operation comprises at least one of an on-action- type callback for a security-type operation and a digital rights management operation; wherein the graphical user interface comprises a ribbon-type graphical user interface, and the program instructions are further executable to parse an XML resource associated with each of the one or more component object model add-ins that specifies a layout of the ribbon-type graphical user interface; and wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains comprises parsing, via a primary component object model add-in configured to initiate said parsing, an XML resource associated with at least one of the one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions, that when executed by a computer perform: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add- ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 18. The medium of claim 17, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 20. The medium of claim 17, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management.	The subject matter disclosed herein relates to regulating the operation of component object model add-ins associated with a user interface.1. A method, comprising: performing, by a computer: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add-ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre- existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein: said disabling the component object model add-in; and the disabled component object model add-in is a primary component object model add-in that is capable of governing digital rights management. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains includes determining whether the command comprises one of a plurality of operations contained in a library of operations. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the limited operation comprises an on-action-type callback for a security-type operation, a digital rights management operation, and/or any combination thereof. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, passing the command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains to an operating system for execution. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the graphical user interface comprises a ribbon-type graphical user interface, and the method further comprises parsing an XML resource associated with each of the one or more component object model add-ins that specifies a layout of the ribbon-type graphical user interface. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains comprises: parsing an XML resource associated with at least one of the one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface; wherein said parsing is initiated by a primary component object model add-in. 11. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions that when executed by the processor perform: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add-ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre- existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein: said disabling the component object model add-in disables at least a portion of the component object model add-in; and the disabled component object model add-in is a primary component object model add-in that is capable of governing digital rights management. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, passing the command that does not comprise a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains to an operating system for execution; wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains includes determining whether the command comprises one of a plurality of operations contained in a library of operations; wherein the limited operation comprises at least one of an on-action- type callback for a security-type operation and a digital rights management operation; wherein the graphical user interface comprises a ribbon-type graphical user interface, and the program instructions are further executable to parse an XML resource associated with each of the one or more component object model add-ins that specifies a layout of the ribbon-type graphical user interface; and wherein said determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains comprises parsing, via a primary component object model add-in configured to initiate said parsing, an XML resource associated with at least one of the one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions, that when executed by a computer perform: during operation of a graphical user interface, regulating operation of one or more component object model add-ins already loaded into the graphical user interface, wherein said regulating comprises: determining whether one of the one or more component object model add- ins extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface; in response to determining that the component object model add-in extends the graphical user interface via altering a pre-existing functional operation that is executable within the graphical user interface, determining whether the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains; and in response to determining that the component object model add-in specifies a command comprising a limited operation for which digital rights management pertains, applying a remedial action, wherein the remedial action comprises denying the command, disabling a document to which the command is targeted, or disabling the component object model add-in. 18. The medium of claim 17, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: denying activation of said pre-existing functional operation based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein: the component object model add-in comprises a secondary component object model add-in; and said disabling the component object model add-in is performed via a primary component object model add-in capable of governing digital rights management. 20. The medium of claim 17, wherein the program instructions are further executable to perform: disabling a digital-rights-management-protected electronic document to which said pre-existing functional operation is targeted based at least in part on determining whether said pre-existing functional operation is a limited operation whose activation violates digital rights management.	3,600
12,906	12,906	15,604,056	3,624	An internet-based workflow management platform for use in the broadcast and web industry to facilitate resources sharing and improved production efficiency—specifically adapted for creation and production of commercial advertisements. An internet, cloud-backed system for the creation and production of commercial advertising spots is provided wherein a role-based structure ensures that users only see the information relevant to them and relevant to their part in the overall process and workflow that ends with the completion of a work order. The internet and cloud structure of the platform affords vastly improved communication and information access to enable persons working on creative production or commercial advertisements through said work order to be geographically situated anywhere, as opposed to the limits of one physical location.	1. A database-powered, programmatic application embodied on a computer-readable medium for execution and use on a computer in conjunction with an internet-based application that provides a workflow management platform for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement from any location over a global computer network, comprising: a. A work order generation interface that receives information relating to the creation of a commercial advertisement, thereby creating a work order, b. An inbox and folder interface that displays information relating to work orders; c. A search and sort interface that provides the ability to further filter and sort the results of a folder to efficiently and accurately locate work order(s) required by a user; d. A talent search interfaces that provides intuitive, rapid search functionality to locate available and suitable talent for the purposes of procuring a performance; e. Said talent search interface is capable of filtering and searching for voice performers based on matching categories, groups, and criteria/attributes; f. A history interface that lists past actions relating to said work order, including the name of the person, date/time, and description of action(s) taken; g. A customer relationship management interface that allows customer interactions and relationship actions to be logged and tracked. 2. A computerized, programmatic continuity workflow management method for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement over a global computer network, said method comprising: a. Generating a work order for a commercial advertisement using a work order creation screen, and submitting the work order to said internet-based data storage system; b. Providing a user interface to allow remote user points of contact (POC) with internet access to said work order via a global computer network, with each POC possessing a role to contribute in the creation, production, or scheduling or said commercial advertisement; c. Said user interface providing an inbox and folder structure/function which displays information relating to said work order; d. Said user interface providing a delegation menu function that allows a POC to assign tasks to other POCs; e. Said user interface providing a talent search function that allows POCs to search for and procure available talent matching a user's matching selected criteria, said search function capable of displaying a talent pool list, which provides details and prior work examples about individual talent listings; f. Said user interface providing an unimpeachable history ledger that displays all past action(s) relating to said work order, including the name of the POC having completed the action, date and time of the action, and a description of the action(s); g. Said user interface providing customizable fields, approval requirements (which restrict said work order's visibility based on its disposition with regards to being approved or unapproved), and implementation and distribution of resources and assets relating to the creation, production, and scheduling of commercial advertisements; h. Said user interface providing a customer relationship management logging function that permits customer relationships and interactions to be logged and recalled for reference; i. Selectively transmitting email communications to individual POCs or groups, said email communications including information relevant to the status of said work order in the workflow as a whole. 3. The computerized continuity and creativity workflow management method according to claim 2, further including means for integration with separate, industry-standard systems in order to communicate and share data. 4. A computerized, internet-based continuity management system for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement, said system comprising: a. A software repository stored on an internet-based data storage system; b. Said software including an interface to allow remote users with internet access to said software, each user having a role to contribute to the creation, production, or scheduling of the commercial advertisement; c. Said interface including means for generating a work order for commercial advertisement and submission or said work order to said internet-based data storage system; d. Said interface including an inbox and folders which display information relating to said work order; e. Said interface including means for allowing a user to customize fields and denote approval requirements relevant to any workflow involving said work order; f. Said interface including means for allowing a user to delegate tasks to his or her self and/or other users; g. Said interface including means for allowing a user to search a talent database for available talent that match select search criteria, whereby a derived talent list provides details about available talent matching said criteria by means of display in a list; h. Said interface including means for displaying past actions relating to said work order, said past actions including the name of the user having completed each action, the date and time of each action, and a description of each action; i. Said interface including means for logging customer relationship management actions; j. Whereby a plurality of users may contribute to the creation, production, and scheduling of commercial advertisements from remote locations. 5. The computerized, internet-based continuity management system according to claim 4, further including means for integration with other industry-standard systems to share and transfer data. 6. The computerized, internet-based continuity management system according to claim 5, wherein said interface further includes means for transmitting and receiving email communications.	An internet-based workflow management platform for use in the broadcast and web industry to facilitate resources sharing and improved production efficiency—specifically adapted for creation and production of commercial advertisements. An internet, cloud-backed system for the creation and production of commercial advertising spots is provided wherein a role-based structure ensures that users only see the information relevant to them and relevant to their part in the overall process and workflow that ends with the completion of a work order. The internet and cloud structure of the platform affords vastly improved communication and information access to enable persons working on creative production or commercial advertisements through said work order to be geographically situated anywhere, as opposed to the limits of one physical location.1. A database-powered, programmatic application embodied on a computer-readable medium for execution and use on a computer in conjunction with an internet-based application that provides a workflow management platform for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement from any location over a global computer network, comprising: a. A work order generation interface that receives information relating to the creation of a commercial advertisement, thereby creating a work order, b. An inbox and folder interface that displays information relating to work orders; c. A search and sort interface that provides the ability to further filter and sort the results of a folder to efficiently and accurately locate work order(s) required by a user; d. A talent search interfaces that provides intuitive, rapid search functionality to locate available and suitable talent for the purposes of procuring a performance; e. Said talent search interface is capable of filtering and searching for voice performers based on matching categories, groups, and criteria/attributes; f. A history interface that lists past actions relating to said work order, including the name of the person, date/time, and description of action(s) taken; g. A customer relationship management interface that allows customer interactions and relationship actions to be logged and tracked. 2. A computerized, programmatic continuity workflow management method for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement over a global computer network, said method comprising: a. Generating a work order for a commercial advertisement using a work order creation screen, and submitting the work order to said internet-based data storage system; b. Providing a user interface to allow remote user points of contact (POC) with internet access to said work order via a global computer network, with each POC possessing a role to contribute in the creation, production, or scheduling or said commercial advertisement; c. Said user interface providing an inbox and folder structure/function which displays information relating to said work order; d. Said user interface providing a delegation menu function that allows a POC to assign tasks to other POCs; e. Said user interface providing a talent search function that allows POCs to search for and procure available talent matching a user's matching selected criteria, said search function capable of displaying a talent pool list, which provides details and prior work examples about individual talent listings; f. Said user interface providing an unimpeachable history ledger that displays all past action(s) relating to said work order, including the name of the POC having completed the action, date and time of the action, and a description of the action(s); g. Said user interface providing customizable fields, approval requirements (which restrict said work order's visibility based on its disposition with regards to being approved or unapproved), and implementation and distribution of resources and assets relating to the creation, production, and scheduling of commercial advertisements; h. Said user interface providing a customer relationship management logging function that permits customer relationships and interactions to be logged and recalled for reference; i. Selectively transmitting email communications to individual POCs or groups, said email communications including information relevant to the status of said work order in the workflow as a whole. 3. The computerized continuity and creativity workflow management method according to claim 2, further including means for integration with separate, industry-standard systems in order to communicate and share data. 4. A computerized, internet-based continuity management system for creating, producing, and scheduling a commercial advertisement, said system comprising: a. A software repository stored on an internet-based data storage system; b. Said software including an interface to allow remote users with internet access to said software, each user having a role to contribute to the creation, production, or scheduling of the commercial advertisement; c. Said interface including means for generating a work order for commercial advertisement and submission or said work order to said internet-based data storage system; d. Said interface including an inbox and folders which display information relating to said work order; e. Said interface including means for allowing a user to customize fields and denote approval requirements relevant to any workflow involving said work order; f. Said interface including means for allowing a user to delegate tasks to his or her self and/or other users; g. Said interface including means for allowing a user to search a talent database for available talent that match select search criteria, whereby a derived talent list provides details about available talent matching said criteria by means of display in a list; h. Said interface including means for displaying past actions relating to said work order, said past actions including the name of the user having completed each action, the date and time of each action, and a description of each action; i. Said interface including means for logging customer relationship management actions; j. Whereby a plurality of users may contribute to the creation, production, and scheduling of commercial advertisements from remote locations. 5. The computerized, internet-based continuity management system according to claim 4, further including means for integration with other industry-standard systems to share and transfer data. 6. The computerized, internet-based continuity management system according to claim 5, wherein said interface further includes means for transmitting and receiving email communications.	3,600
12,907	12,907	14,938,010	3,629	An illustrative exemplary system includes a processor configured to send a vehicle health report to a ride-sharing matching system, in response to a request from the matching system, the report confirming that a vehicle meets minimum standards specified in the request after determining that the standards are met by the vehicle.	1. A system comprising: a processor configured to: send a vehicle health report to a ride-sharing matching system in response to a request from the matching system, the report confirming that a vehicle meets minimum standards specified in the request after determining that the standards are met by the vehicle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report includes any maintenance needs associated with any vehicle systems identified as part of the standards by the request. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report includes any system state settings identified as part of the standards in the request. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report is limited to a “yes” if the standards are met and “no” if the standards are not met. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to present an option to accept a passenger request, if the standards specified in the request are met. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to connect directly to a passenger device when the vehicle is within wireless communication range of the passenger device using a vehicle local wireless communication system, and to verify the accuracy of the vehicle health report once the passenger device is connected. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to verify the permissibility of the passenger device based on the device corresponding to a device from which a ride-sharing request was sent. 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to verify the permissibility of the passenger device based on a code sent to the passenger device when the vehicle health report was sent. 9. A system comprising: a processor configured to: relay a pickup request to a vehicle from which a health report was received, upon determining that the health report meets a minimum set of standards specified in the pickup request received from a passenger mobile device. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the vehicle health report includes maintenance needs associated with vehicle systems identified as part of the standards by the request. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to send the maintenance needs to the passenger mobile device if a driver of the vehicle responds affirmatively to the pickup request. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the vehicle health report includes system state settings identified as part of the standards in the request. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to send the state settings to the passenger mobile device if a driver of the vehicle responds affirmatively to the pickup request. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to send information about the health report to the passenger mobile device, to determine that both a passenger and a driver of the vehicle have approved of a pickup, and to facilitate a ride-share between the driver and the passenger if both the driver and the passenger have approved. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the information about the health report is limited to one or more of “pass” or “fail” based on whether or not vehicle systems or state settings correspond to passenger specified requirements. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the pickup request from the passenger mobile device includes the passenger specified requirements. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to retrieve the passenger specified requirements from a stored passenger profile having predefined passenger specified requirements. 18. A system comprising: a processor configured to: transmit a vehicle health report to a directly wirelessly-connected mobile device, upon receiving a report request from the mobile device, after determining that the device corresponds to a device from which a passenger pickup request was previously received. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the device corresponds to the device from which the passenger pickup request was previously received based on a device identifier included in the report request and previously sent by an intermediary system that facilitated the pickup request. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the device corresponds to the device from which the passenger pickup request was previously received based on a code included in the report request and previously sent by the processor to the mobile device upon originally receiving the pickup request.	An illustrative exemplary system includes a processor configured to send a vehicle health report to a ride-sharing matching system, in response to a request from the matching system, the report confirming that a vehicle meets minimum standards specified in the request after determining that the standards are met by the vehicle.1. A system comprising: a processor configured to: send a vehicle health report to a ride-sharing matching system in response to a request from the matching system, the report confirming that a vehicle meets minimum standards specified in the request after determining that the standards are met by the vehicle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report includes any maintenance needs associated with any vehicle systems identified as part of the standards by the request. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report includes any system state settings identified as part of the standards in the request. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle health report is limited to a “yes” if the standards are met and “no” if the standards are not met. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to present an option to accept a passenger request, if the standards specified in the request are met. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to connect directly to a passenger device when the vehicle is within wireless communication range of the passenger device using a vehicle local wireless communication system, and to verify the accuracy of the vehicle health report once the passenger device is connected. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to verify the permissibility of the passenger device based on the device corresponding to a device from which a ride-sharing request was sent. 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to verify the permissibility of the passenger device based on a code sent to the passenger device when the vehicle health report was sent. 9. A system comprising: a processor configured to: relay a pickup request to a vehicle from which a health report was received, upon determining that the health report meets a minimum set of standards specified in the pickup request received from a passenger mobile device. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the vehicle health report includes maintenance needs associated with vehicle systems identified as part of the standards by the request. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to send the maintenance needs to the passenger mobile device if a driver of the vehicle responds affirmatively to the pickup request. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the vehicle health report includes system state settings identified as part of the standards in the request. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to send the state settings to the passenger mobile device if a driver of the vehicle responds affirmatively to the pickup request. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to send information about the health report to the passenger mobile device, to determine that both a passenger and a driver of the vehicle have approved of a pickup, and to facilitate a ride-share between the driver and the passenger if both the driver and the passenger have approved. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the information about the health report is limited to one or more of “pass” or “fail” based on whether or not vehicle systems or state settings correspond to passenger specified requirements. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the pickup request from the passenger mobile device includes the passenger specified requirements. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to retrieve the passenger specified requirements from a stored passenger profile having predefined passenger specified requirements. 18. A system comprising: a processor configured to: transmit a vehicle health report to a directly wirelessly-connected mobile device, upon receiving a report request from the mobile device, after determining that the device corresponds to a device from which a passenger pickup request was previously received. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the device corresponds to the device from which the passenger pickup request was previously received based on a device identifier included in the report request and previously sent by an intermediary system that facilitated the pickup request. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the device corresponds to the device from which the passenger pickup request was previously received based on a code included in the report request and previously sent by the processor to the mobile device upon originally receiving the pickup request.	3,600
12,908	12,908	15,236,843	3,671	In a system and method for retaining or detaining a fluid beneath a ground surface, a plurality of modules, each having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof are provided. The plurality of modules, each being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other modules, are arranged in an assembly having a plurality of rows and columns. Each of the rows and columns contain at least one flow obstructer such that fluid flow through each of the rows and columns is circuitous.	1. A fluid retention or detention system comprising: a plurality of interior modules, each interior module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof each said side portion having a bottom edge; and a plurality of exterior modules, each exterior module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof; each of said plurality of interior modules having at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough, each said fluid passage extending upward from the bottom edge of said side portion; said plurality of interior and exterior modules being arranged in an assembly in a plurality of rows and columns, said plurality of exterior modules being peripherally located in said assembly with respect to said interior modules so as to define a boundary of the assembly; each of one or more of the plurality of the interior and exterior modules in the assembly being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other of the one or more of the plurality of interior and exterior modules; and a plurality of flow obstructers located in said plurality of interior modules such that at least one flow obstructer is located in each of: said rows of said plurality of interior modules, or said columns of said plurality of interior modules, or said rows and said columns of said plurality of interior modules; wherein the plurality of flow cause circuitous fluid flow through said one or more of the plurality of interior modules. 2. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least one side portion defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port and at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough. 3. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 2 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least two side portions defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port and at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough. 4. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 3 wherein at least some of said boundary modules are peripherally located in said assembly so as to define an outer boundary. 5. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 4 wherein at least some of said boundary modules are peripherally located in said assembly so that said side portions defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port face the exterior of said assembly. 6. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each said fluid passage has an inverted U-shaped cross section. 7. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each module is formed from precast concrete. 8. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein said assembly is supported on an impermeable floor. 9. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein said assembly is supported on a floor having at least one outlet port defined therein. 10. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each said fluid passage has an inverted U-shaped cross section. 11. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least one of said plurality of interior modules has a side portion having no openings. 12. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least one of said plurality of interior modules has two side portions having no openings. 13. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least one side portion defining a plurality of perforations. 14. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 13 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least two side portions defining a plurality of perforations. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein said horizontally disposed roof of said plurality of interior modules and said plurality of exterior modules are all of a substantially identical area. 16. The method of claim 1 wherein said rows and columns are each defined through a common center line of said fluid passage of at least two of said plurality of interior modules. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein said common centerline corresponding to said rows is transverse to the common center line of said columns. 18. A method for detaining or exfiltrating a fluid beneath a ground surface comprising the steps of: placing a first level within the ground comprising: a plurality of modules, each module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof, each said side portion having a bottom edge; at least one side portion of each of said plurality of modules defining a fluid passage extending therethrough, said fluid passage extending upward from the bottom edge of said side portion; at least some of said plurality of modules are exterior modules forming a boundary of the assembly; at least some of said plurality of modules are interior modules positioned within the boundary; arranging said plurality of modules in an assembly having a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns such that the exterior modules surround the interior modules; each of the plurality of modules in the assembly being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other modules; and a flow obstructer positioned in each one of: said rows of said interior modules, or said columns of said interior modules, or said rows and said columns of said interior modules. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein said flow obstructer is a wall having substantially no holes. 20. The method of claim 18 wherein said horizontally disposed roof of said plurality of modules are all of a substantially identical area. 21. The method of claim 18 wherein said rows and columns are each defined through a common center line of said fluid passage of at least three of said plurality of modules. 22. The method of claim 21 wherein said common centerline corresponding to said rows is transverse to the common center line of said columns.	In a system and method for retaining or detaining a fluid beneath a ground surface, a plurality of modules, each having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof are provided. The plurality of modules, each being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other modules, are arranged in an assembly having a plurality of rows and columns. Each of the rows and columns contain at least one flow obstructer such that fluid flow through each of the rows and columns is circuitous.1. A fluid retention or detention system comprising: a plurality of interior modules, each interior module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof each said side portion having a bottom edge; and a plurality of exterior modules, each exterior module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof; each of said plurality of interior modules having at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough, each said fluid passage extending upward from the bottom edge of said side portion; said plurality of interior and exterior modules being arranged in an assembly in a plurality of rows and columns, said plurality of exterior modules being peripherally located in said assembly with respect to said interior modules so as to define a boundary of the assembly; each of one or more of the plurality of the interior and exterior modules in the assembly being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other of the one or more of the plurality of interior and exterior modules; and a plurality of flow obstructers located in said plurality of interior modules such that at least one flow obstructer is located in each of: said rows of said plurality of interior modules, or said columns of said plurality of interior modules, or said rows and said columns of said plurality of interior modules; wherein the plurality of flow cause circuitous fluid flow through said one or more of the plurality of interior modules. 2. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least one side portion defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port and at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough. 3. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 2 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least two side portions defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port and at least one side portion defining a fluid passage extending therethrough. 4. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 3 wherein at least some of said boundary modules are peripherally located in said assembly so as to define an outer boundary. 5. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 4 wherein at least some of said boundary modules are peripherally located in said assembly so that said side portions defining no openings except for an inlet port or outlet port face the exterior of said assembly. 6. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each said fluid passage has an inverted U-shaped cross section. 7. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each module is formed from precast concrete. 8. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein said assembly is supported on an impermeable floor. 9. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein said assembly is supported on a floor having at least one outlet port defined therein. 10. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein each said fluid passage has an inverted U-shaped cross section. 11. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least one of said plurality of interior modules has a side portion having no openings. 12. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least one of said plurality of interior modules has two side portions having no openings. 13. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 1 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least one side portion defining a plurality of perforations. 14. The fluid retention or detention system of claim 13 wherein at least some of said boundary modules each have at least two side portions defining a plurality of perforations. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein said horizontally disposed roof of said plurality of interior modules and said plurality of exterior modules are all of a substantially identical area. 16. The method of claim 1 wherein said rows and columns are each defined through a common center line of said fluid passage of at least two of said plurality of interior modules. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein said common centerline corresponding to said rows is transverse to the common center line of said columns. 18. A method for detaining or exfiltrating a fluid beneath a ground surface comprising the steps of: placing a first level within the ground comprising: a plurality of modules, each module having at least one vertically disposed side portion supporting a horizontally disposed roof, each said side portion having a bottom edge; at least one side portion of each of said plurality of modules defining a fluid passage extending therethrough, said fluid passage extending upward from the bottom edge of said side portion; at least some of said plurality of modules are exterior modules forming a boundary of the assembly; at least some of said plurality of modules are interior modules positioned within the boundary; arranging said plurality of modules in an assembly having a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns such that the exterior modules surround the interior modules; each of the plurality of modules in the assembly being in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with each of the other modules; and a flow obstructer positioned in each one of: said rows of said interior modules, or said columns of said interior modules, or said rows and said columns of said interior modules. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein said flow obstructer is a wall having substantially no holes. 20. The method of claim 18 wherein said horizontally disposed roof of said plurality of modules are all of a substantially identical area. 21. The method of claim 18 wherein said rows and columns are each defined through a common center line of said fluid passage of at least three of said plurality of modules. 22. The method of claim 21 wherein said common centerline corresponding to said rows is transverse to the common center line of said columns.	3,600
12,909	12,909	14,156,038	3,697	Methods, systems, and computer readable media for facilitating access to transportation services are provided. One system includes an application configured to execute on a computing device. The application is configured to determine information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user. The application is configured to identify a transportation service associated with the route and an authority associated with the transportation service. The application is configured to obtain authorization from the authority for access to the transportation service. A server is configured to communicate with the application and with the authority to facilitate the obtaining of the authorization to access the transportation service.	1. A system for facilitating access to transportation services, the system comprising: an application configured to execute on a computing device, the application being configured to receive or determine information regarding a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user, to identify a transportation service associated with the route and an authority for the identified transportation service, to obtain authorization from the authority for the user to access the transportation service; and at least one server configured to communicate with the application and with the authority to facilitate the obtaining of the authorization to access the transportation service. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to receive and manage user credentials and payment information. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the payment information includes credit or debit card or other payment type information used by the user to pay for the transportation service. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to receive information from the user regarding a planned route before the user travels the route, to interface with a geolocation service to identify the authority associated with the planned route, and to obtain the authorization and confirmation of service fulfillment from the authority. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to continually determine the location of the user as the user travels the route and to obtain authorization from and facilitate payment to the authority for access to the route. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to perform transponder emulation where the application emulates a toll transponder or transponder communication mode where the application connects with a toll transponder to facilitate access to transportation services. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to execute on a mobile phone, a tablet computer, other portable computing device, or on a vehicle-integrated computing device. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the transportation service includes access to a toll road. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein the transportation service includes carriage service. 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the application and the at least one server are configured to present an offer associated with the transportation service to the user. 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to obtain confirmation of completion of access to the transportation service. 12. A method for facilitating access to transportation services, the method comprising: using an application configured to execute on a computing device: receiving or determining information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user; identifying a transportation service associated with the route and an authority for authorizing access to the transportation service; and communicating with at least one server to facilitate obtaining of authorization to access the transportation service. 13. The method of claim 12 comprising receiving and managing, by the application, user credentials and payment information. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the payment information includes credit or debit card or other payment type information used by the user to pay for the transportation service. 15. The method of claim 12 wherein receiving or determining information about the route includes receiving information from the user regarding a planned route before the user travels the route, interfacing with a geolocation service to identify the transportation service and the authority associated with the planned route, and obtaining the authorization and confirmation of service fulfillment from the identified authority. 16. The method of claim 12 wherein receiving or determining information about the route includes continually determining the location of the user as the user travels the route, and obtaining authorization from and facilitating payment to the authority for access to the route. 17. The method of claim 12 comprising emulating or communicating with a toll transponder using the application to facilitate access to transportation services. 18. The method of claim 12 wherein the application is configured to execute on a mobile phone, a tablet computer, other portable computing device, or on a vehicle-integrated computing device. 19. The method of claim 12 wherein the transportation service includes access to a toll road. 20. The method of claim 12 wherein the transportation service includes carriage service. 21. The method of claim 12 comprising presenting to the user and via the application an offer associated with the transportation service. 22. The method of claim 12 comprising, using the application, obtaining confirmation of completion of access to the transportation service. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by the processor of a computer control the computer conform steps comprising: using an application configured to execute on a computing device: receiving or determining information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user; identifying a transportation service associated with the route and an authority associated with the transportation service; and communicating with at least one server to facilitate obtaining of authorization to access the transportation service.	Methods, systems, and computer readable media for facilitating access to transportation services are provided. One system includes an application configured to execute on a computing device. The application is configured to determine information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user. The application is configured to identify a transportation service associated with the route and an authority associated with the transportation service. The application is configured to obtain authorization from the authority for access to the transportation service. A server is configured to communicate with the application and with the authority to facilitate the obtaining of the authorization to access the transportation service.1. A system for facilitating access to transportation services, the system comprising: an application configured to execute on a computing device, the application being configured to receive or determine information regarding a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user, to identify a transportation service associated with the route and an authority for the identified transportation service, to obtain authorization from the authority for the user to access the transportation service; and at least one server configured to communicate with the application and with the authority to facilitate the obtaining of the authorization to access the transportation service. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to receive and manage user credentials and payment information. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the payment information includes credit or debit card or other payment type information used by the user to pay for the transportation service. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to receive information from the user regarding a planned route before the user travels the route, to interface with a geolocation service to identify the authority associated with the planned route, and to obtain the authorization and confirmation of service fulfillment from the authority. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to continually determine the location of the user as the user travels the route and to obtain authorization from and facilitate payment to the authority for access to the route. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to perform transponder emulation where the application emulates a toll transponder or transponder communication mode where the application connects with a toll transponder to facilitate access to transportation services. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to execute on a mobile phone, a tablet computer, other portable computing device, or on a vehicle-integrated computing device. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the transportation service includes access to a toll road. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein the transportation service includes carriage service. 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the application and the at least one server are configured to present an offer associated with the transportation service to the user. 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the application is configured to obtain confirmation of completion of access to the transportation service. 12. A method for facilitating access to transportation services, the method comprising: using an application configured to execute on a computing device: receiving or determining information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user; identifying a transportation service associated with the route and an authority for authorizing access to the transportation service; and communicating with at least one server to facilitate obtaining of authorization to access the transportation service. 13. The method of claim 12 comprising receiving and managing, by the application, user credentials and payment information. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the payment information includes credit or debit card or other payment type information used by the user to pay for the transportation service. 15. The method of claim 12 wherein receiving or determining information about the route includes receiving information from the user regarding a planned route before the user travels the route, interfacing with a geolocation service to identify the transportation service and the authority associated with the planned route, and obtaining the authorization and confirmation of service fulfillment from the identified authority. 16. The method of claim 12 wherein receiving or determining information about the route includes continually determining the location of the user as the user travels the route, and obtaining authorization from and facilitating payment to the authority for access to the route. 17. The method of claim 12 comprising emulating or communicating with a toll transponder using the application to facilitate access to transportation services. 18. The method of claim 12 wherein the application is configured to execute on a mobile phone, a tablet computer, other portable computing device, or on a vehicle-integrated computing device. 19. The method of claim 12 wherein the transportation service includes access to a toll road. 20. The method of claim 12 wherein the transportation service includes carriage service. 21. The method of claim 12 comprising presenting to the user and via the application an offer associated with the transportation service. 22. The method of claim 12 comprising, using the application, obtaining confirmation of completion of access to the transportation service. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by the processor of a computer control the computer conform steps comprising: using an application configured to execute on a computing device: receiving or determining information about a route being traveled or to be traveled by a user; identifying a transportation service associated with the route and an authority associated with the transportation service; and communicating with at least one server to facilitate obtaining of authorization to access the transportation service.	3,600
12,910	12,910	13,898,662	3,627	Methods, system, and computer program products for associating off-line transactions involving a product with visitors to a web-site. Data relating to an off-line transaction and data relating to visitors to a web-site is received in a computer. The computer determines a score for each visitor based on a number of page views relating to a product in the transaction. A subset of visitors may be determined based on the scores. A likely candidate may then be selected from the subset of visitors using matching methods that compare e-mail addresses, IP addresses, geographic proximities, and times of event occurrences of the transaction to those of the visitor web sessions. The visitor having the strongest match may be identified as a likely candidate, and a web session generated by the likely candidate associated with the off-line transaction for analytics analysis of web marketing and web-site design effectiveness.	1. A method of associating a transaction involving one or more products with a visitor to a web-site, the method comprising: receiving first data at a computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receiving second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determining if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generating a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associating one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising: defining a first plurality of visitors that have viewed at least one web page associated with at least one of the one or more products; determining a first parameter based on the first data; determining a second parameter based on the second data; and defining a second plurality of visitors from the first plurality of visitors based on the first parameter matching the second parameter. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a first e-mail address, and the second parameter is a second e-mail address, an e-mail domain, an Internet Protocol address, or a part of an Internet Protocol address. 4. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a first Internet Protocol address, and the second parameter is a second Internet Protocol address, or a part of the second Internet Protocol address. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein determining the first parameter based on the first data includes determining the first e-mail address from the first data, and determining the first Internet Protocol address based on the first e-mail address. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein determining the first Internet Protocol address from the first e-mail address includes performing a domain name server query. 7. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a street address including a first state and a first zip code, and the second parameter is a second state, a second zip code, or a part of a zip code. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the second parameter is determined based on an Internet Protocol address. 9. The method of claim 2 further comprising: determining a time of first contact for the transaction; for each visitor of the second plurality of visitors, determining a difference in time between the time the visitor viewed a page relating to the product and the time of first contact; and selecting the one or more visitors from the second plurality of visitors based on the difference in time. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein selecting the one or more visitors from the second plurality of visitors based on the difference in time includes selecting the one or more visitors having the least difference in time. 11. The method of claim 9 further comprising: in response to determining that the one or more selected visitors generated two or more web sessions, selecting the web session from the two or more web sessions that occurred earliest in time. 12. The method of claim 2 further comprising: determining a confidence level based on a type of match between the first parameter and the second parameter; and selecting a visitor from the second plurality of visitors based on the confidence level, wherein the selected visitor is the one or more visitors associated with the transaction. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising: weighing the transaction in an analytics system based on the confidence level. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the transaction is an off-line transaction. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the view score is further generated based on a type of relationship between each of the products of the number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page and the viewed web page. 16. A method of associating a transaction involving one or more products with a visitor to a web-site, the method comprising: receiving first data at a computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receiving second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; defining a first plurality of visitors that generated a web session including a view of a web page associated with at least one of the one or more products based on the first and second data; determining a first parameter based on the first data; determining a second parameter based on the second data; defining a second plurality of visitors from the first plurality of visitors based on the first parameter matching the second parameter; selecting a likely candidate from the second plurality of visitors based on a strength of the match between the first and second parameters; and associating the likely candidate with the transaction. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a first e-mail address, and the second parameter is a second e-mail address, an e-mail domain, an Internet Protocol address, or a part of an Internet Protocol address. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a first Internet Protocol address, and the second parameter is a second Internet Protocol address, or a part of the second Internet Protocol address. 19. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a street address including a first state and a first zip code, the second parameter is a second state, a second zip code, or a part of a zip code, and the second parameter is determined based on an Internet Protocol address. 20. An apparatus for associating a transaction involving a product with a visitor to a web-site, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory including program code that when executed by the processor, causes the apparatus to: receive first data at the processor, the first data relating to the transaction; receive second data at the processor, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determine if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generate a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associate one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score. 21. A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage media containing program code that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to: receive first data at the computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receive second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determine if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generate a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associate one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score.	Methods, system, and computer program products for associating off-line transactions involving a product with visitors to a web-site. Data relating to an off-line transaction and data relating to visitors to a web-site is received in a computer. The computer determines a score for each visitor based on a number of page views relating to a product in the transaction. A subset of visitors may be determined based on the scores. A likely candidate may then be selected from the subset of visitors using matching methods that compare e-mail addresses, IP addresses, geographic proximities, and times of event occurrences of the transaction to those of the visitor web sessions. The visitor having the strongest match may be identified as a likely candidate, and a web session generated by the likely candidate associated with the off-line transaction for analytics analysis of web marketing and web-site design effectiveness.1. A method of associating a transaction involving one or more products with a visitor to a web-site, the method comprising: receiving first data at a computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receiving second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determining if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generating a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associating one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising: defining a first plurality of visitors that have viewed at least one web page associated with at least one of the one or more products; determining a first parameter based on the first data; determining a second parameter based on the second data; and defining a second plurality of visitors from the first plurality of visitors based on the first parameter matching the second parameter. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a first e-mail address, and the second parameter is a second e-mail address, an e-mail domain, an Internet Protocol address, or a part of an Internet Protocol address. 4. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a first Internet Protocol address, and the second parameter is a second Internet Protocol address, or a part of the second Internet Protocol address. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein determining the first parameter based on the first data includes determining the first e-mail address from the first data, and determining the first Internet Protocol address based on the first e-mail address. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein determining the first Internet Protocol address from the first e-mail address includes performing a domain name server query. 7. The method of claim 2 wherein the first parameter is a street address including a first state and a first zip code, and the second parameter is a second state, a second zip code, or a part of a zip code. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the second parameter is determined based on an Internet Protocol address. 9. The method of claim 2 further comprising: determining a time of first contact for the transaction; for each visitor of the second plurality of visitors, determining a difference in time between the time the visitor viewed a page relating to the product and the time of first contact; and selecting the one or more visitors from the second plurality of visitors based on the difference in time. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein selecting the one or more visitors from the second plurality of visitors based on the difference in time includes selecting the one or more visitors having the least difference in time. 11. The method of claim 9 further comprising: in response to determining that the one or more selected visitors generated two or more web sessions, selecting the web session from the two or more web sessions that occurred earliest in time. 12. The method of claim 2 further comprising: determining a confidence level based on a type of match between the first parameter and the second parameter; and selecting a visitor from the second plurality of visitors based on the confidence level, wherein the selected visitor is the one or more visitors associated with the transaction. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising: weighing the transaction in an analytics system based on the confidence level. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the transaction is an off-line transaction. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the view score is further generated based on a type of relationship between each of the products of the number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page and the viewed web page. 16. A method of associating a transaction involving one or more products with a visitor to a web-site, the method comprising: receiving first data at a computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receiving second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; defining a first plurality of visitors that generated a web session including a view of a web page associated with at least one of the one or more products based on the first and second data; determining a first parameter based on the first data; determining a second parameter based on the second data; defining a second plurality of visitors from the first plurality of visitors based on the first parameter matching the second parameter; selecting a likely candidate from the second plurality of visitors based on a strength of the match between the first and second parameters; and associating the likely candidate with the transaction. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a first e-mail address, and the second parameter is a second e-mail address, an e-mail domain, an Internet Protocol address, or a part of an Internet Protocol address. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a first Internet Protocol address, and the second parameter is a second Internet Protocol address, or a part of the second Internet Protocol address. 19. The method of claim 16 wherein the first parameter is a street address including a first state and a first zip code, the second parameter is a second state, a second zip code, or a part of a zip code, and the second parameter is determined based on an Internet Protocol address. 20. An apparatus for associating a transaction involving a product with a visitor to a web-site, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory including program code that when executed by the processor, causes the apparatus to: receive first data at the processor, the first data relating to the transaction; receive second data at the processor, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determine if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generate a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associate one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score. 21. A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable storage media containing program code that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to: receive first data at the computer, the first data relating to the transaction; receive second data at the computer, the second data relating to a plurality of web sessions, each web session being generated by a visitor to the web-site; for each visitor, determine if any products in the transaction relate to a page viewed by the visitor during the visitor's web session based on the first and second data; generate a visitor score based on a number of products in the transaction that were determined to relate to a viewed web page; and associate one or more of the visitors with the transaction based on the visitor score.	3,600
12,911	12,911	11,623,728	3,691	A system for managing trading orders comprises a memory operable to store a first order in a first order book. The first order is associated with a first group of traders, which is associated with a first ruleset. The memory is further operable to store a second order in a second order book, wherein the second order was received after the first order. The second order is associated with a second group of traders, which is associated with a second ruleset. The system further comprises a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and operable to receive a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order. The processor is further operable to execute a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset. If a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, the processor is further operable to execute a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset.	1. A system for managing trading orders, comprising: a memory operable to: store a first order in a first order book, wherein: the first order is associated with a first group of traders; and the first group of traders is associated with a first ruleset; store a second order in a second order book, wherein: the second order was received after the first order; the second order is associated with a second group of traders; and the second group of traders is associated with a second ruleset; and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and operable to: receive a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order; and execute a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and if a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, execute a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first limit price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the limit price. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first base price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the base price. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the second order is associated with a first price range; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises: determining a midpoint price based at least in part on the intersection of the first and second price ranges; and executing the first trade at the midpoint price. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises executing the first trade at a price comprising a fractional pip value. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to prevent trading between the first group of traders and the second group of traders. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to: disclose, to the third group, orders associated with the second group; and prevent disclosure, to the first group, of orders associated with the second group. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to: receive a third order associated with the third group of traders; and store the third order in the first order book and in the second order book. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further operable to: receive a second counterorder that matches the third order; and if the second counterorder is associated with the first group of traders: execute a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the first ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, delete the third order from the second order book; and if the second counterorder is associated with the second group of traders: execute a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, delete the third order from the first order book. 10. A method for managing trading orders, comprising: storing a first order in a first order book, wherein: the first order is associated with a first group of traders; and the first group of traders is associated with a first ruleset; storing a second order in a second order book, wherein: the second order was received after the first order; the second order is associated with a second group of traders; and the second group of traders is associated with a second ruleset; receiving a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order; and executing a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and if a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, executing a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first limit price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the limit price. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first base price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the base price. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein: the second order is associated with a first price range; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises: determining a midpoint price based at least in part on the intersection of the first and second price ranges; and executing the first trade at the midpoint price. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises executing the first trade at a price comprising a fractional pip value. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising preventing trading between the first group of traders and the second group of traders. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising: disclosing, to the third group, orders associated with the second group; and preventing disclosure, to the first group, of orders associated with the second group. 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving a third order associated with the third group of traders; and storing the third order in the first order book and in the second order book. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: receiving a second counterorder that matches the third order; and if the second counterorder is associated with the first group of traders: executing a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the first ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, deleting the third order from the second order book; and if the second counterorder is associated with the second group of traders: executing a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, deleting the third order from the first order book.	A system for managing trading orders comprises a memory operable to store a first order in a first order book. The first order is associated with a first group of traders, which is associated with a first ruleset. The memory is further operable to store a second order in a second order book, wherein the second order was received after the first order. The second order is associated with a second group of traders, which is associated with a second ruleset. The system further comprises a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and operable to receive a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order. The processor is further operable to execute a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset. If a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, the processor is further operable to execute a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset.1. A system for managing trading orders, comprising: a memory operable to: store a first order in a first order book, wherein: the first order is associated with a first group of traders; and the first group of traders is associated with a first ruleset; store a second order in a second order book, wherein: the second order was received after the first order; the second order is associated with a second group of traders; and the second group of traders is associated with a second ruleset; and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and operable to: receive a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order; and execute a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and if a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, execute a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first limit price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the limit price. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first base price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the base price. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the second order is associated with a first price range; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises: determining a midpoint price based at least in part on the intersection of the first and second price ranges; and executing the first trade at the midpoint price. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises executing the first trade at a price comprising a fractional pip value. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to prevent trading between the first group of traders and the second group of traders. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to: disclose, to the third group, orders associated with the second group; and prevent disclosure, to the first group, of orders associated with the second group. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to: receive a third order associated with the third group of traders; and store the third order in the first order book and in the second order book. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further operable to: receive a second counterorder that matches the third order; and if the second counterorder is associated with the first group of traders: execute a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the first ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, delete the third order from the second order book; and if the second counterorder is associated with the second group of traders: execute a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, delete the third order from the first order book. 10. A method for managing trading orders, comprising: storing a first order in a first order book, wherein: the first order is associated with a first group of traders; and the first group of traders is associated with a first ruleset; storing a second order in a second order book, wherein: the second order was received after the first order; the second order is associated with a second group of traders; and the second group of traders is associated with a second ruleset; receiving a counterorder associated with a third group of traders, wherein the counterorder matches the first order and the second order; and executing a first trade associated with the second order and the counterorder, wherein the first trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and if a portion of the counterorder remains unfilled, executing a second trade associated with the first order and the counterorder, wherein the second trade is executed according to the first ruleset. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first limit price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the limit price. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein: the first order is associated with a first price range and a first base price; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the second trade according to a first ruleset comprises executing the second trade at the base price. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein: the second order is associated with a first price range; the counterorder is associated with a second price range that intersects the first price range; and executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises: determining a midpoint price based at least in part on the intersection of the first and second price ranges; and executing the first trade at the midpoint price. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein executing the first trade according to a second ruleset comprises executing the first trade at a price comprising a fractional pip value. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising preventing trading between the first group of traders and the second group of traders. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising: disclosing, to the third group, orders associated with the second group; and preventing disclosure, to the first group, of orders associated with the second group. 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving a third order associated with the third group of traders; and storing the third order in the first order book and in the second order book. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: receiving a second counterorder that matches the third order; and if the second counterorder is associated with the first group of traders: executing a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the first ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, deleting the third order from the second order book; and if the second counterorder is associated with the second group of traders: executing a third trade associated with the third order and the second counterorder, wherein the third trade is executed according to the second ruleset; and in conjunction with executing the third trade, deleting the third order from the first order book.	3,600
12,912	12,912	14,687,905	3,624	Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and computer program product for location aware event scheduling. In an embodiment of the invention, a method for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling is provided. The method includes determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user and computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a C&S component of an enterprise data processing system. The method also includes determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event. Finally, the method includes displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event.	1. A method for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling comprising: determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user; computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of an enterprise data processing system; determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event; and, displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, displaying an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user. 5. An enterprise data processing system configured for location aware event scheduling, the system comprising: a host computing system comprising one or more computers each with memory and at least one processor; a data store coupled to the host computing system; an enterprise application executing in the memory of the host computing platform and providing data access to data in the data store to different end users over a computer communications network connecting the host computing system to client computers of the different end users; a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of the enterprise application providing event scheduling logic for scheduling events for the different end users; and, a location aware event scheduling module coupled to the C&S component, the module comprising program code enabled upon execution by a processor of a computer to determine a geographic position of an end user based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user, to compute a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in the C&S component, to determine based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event and to display an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 8. The system of claim 5, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined by the program code whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, the program code displays an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user. 9. A computer program product for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to perform a method comprising: determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user; computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of an enterprise data processing system; determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event; and, displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 10. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 11. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 12. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, displaying an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user.	Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and computer program product for location aware event scheduling. In an embodiment of the invention, a method for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling is provided. The method includes determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user and computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a C&S component of an enterprise data processing system. The method also includes determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event. Finally, the method includes displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event.1. A method for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling comprising: determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user; computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of an enterprise data processing system; determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event; and, displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, displaying an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user. 5. An enterprise data processing system configured for location aware event scheduling, the system comprising: a host computing system comprising one or more computers each with memory and at least one processor; a data store coupled to the host computing system; an enterprise application executing in the memory of the host computing platform and providing data access to data in the data store to different end users over a computer communications network connecting the host computing system to client computers of the different end users; a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of the enterprise application providing event scheduling logic for scheduling events for the different end users; and, a location aware event scheduling module coupled to the C&S component, the module comprising program code enabled upon execution by a processor of a computer to determine a geographic position of an end user based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user, to compute a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in the C&S component, to determine based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event and to display an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 8. The system of claim 5, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined by the program code whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, the program code displays an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user. 9. A computer program product for utilizing location awareness in event scheduling, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to perform a method comprising: determining a geographic position of an end user in an organization based upon a location reported by a mobile device of the end user; computing a distance of the end user to a geographic location designated for an event in a calendaring and scheduling (C&S) component of an enterprise data processing system; determining based upon the computed distance and a designated time for the event whether or not the end user is able or unable to attend the event; and, displaying an indication through the C&S component of whether or not the end user is able to attend the event. 10. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the indication is displayed prior to scheduling the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 11. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein the indication is displayed subsequent to scheduling the event but prior to a commencement of the event in a user interface presented to an organizer of the event. 12. The computer program product of claim 9, wherein in response to a determination that the end user is unable to attend the event based upon the computed distance and the designated time of the event, it is further determined whether or not the end user contemporaneously is utilizing the mobile device so as to permit remote attendance to the event using the mobile device despite the computed distance and designated time, and if so, displaying an indication to an organizer of the event of the remote availability of the end user.	3,600
12,913	12,913	15,392,279	3,627	An electronic ticket exchange system offers tickets using a market-making system. Patrons submit bids, for seats of different quality, and an initial price is established for each quality of seat. A trading system provides for a secondary market in which patrons who have purchased tickets for an event can readily sell them to other patrons. All of the rights associated with a ticket, such as entry into the venue, parking privileges, designated seating, etc., are stored in a electronic form. An electronic venue entry control system verifies that a person owns an electronic ticket property right, and authorizes the privileges associated with the ticket. A seating system is employed to determine an optimal seating configuration based upon patron-specific preferences, after the initial sale of tickets and prior to entry into the venue. The specific assigned seats are indicated to the ticket holder at the time of entry.	1. An electronic system for selling electronic tickets for entertainment events, comprising: a patron interface configured to present options for a patron to: obtain information about entertainment events at one or more venues affiliated with the system, and purchase tickets to a desired entertainment event at a venue and transfer tickets to other patrons; a database configured to store: identifying information about at least a first patron; and a token representing a first electronic ticket, for a first event at a first venue, sold via said patron interface to the first patron, said token being associated in the database with the identifying information about the first patron; a payment system configured to store profile information regarding at least an account of the first patron and cause the account of the first patron to be debited for the purchase of the first electronic ticket; and a communication system configured to transmit, from the database to an entry system associated with the venue, an association of the token with the identifying information about the first patron. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the database is configured to store information related to merchandise associated with the first event and the patron interface is further configured to present options for the first patron to purchase through the system merchandise associated with the first event. 3. The system of claim 1, further including a seating system configured to determine an allocation of seat assignments at the first venue for electronic tickets to the first event after the electronic tickets have been sold to patrons. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the communication system is configured to transmit to the entry system information regarding the allocation of seat assignments. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the seating system is configured to determine the allocation of seat assignments based on preferences, stored in the database, of the patrons to whom the electronic tickets have been sold. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the communication system is configured to transmit to the entry system information regarding the allocation of seat assignments. 7. A electronic system for selling and exchanging electronic tickets for entertainment events, comprising: a patron interface configured to present options for a patron to: obtain information about entertainment events at one or more venues affiliated with the system, and purchase tickets to a desired entertainment event at a venue and exchange tickets with other patrons; a database configured to store: first identifying information about a first patron; second identifying information about a second patron; and a token representing a first electronic ticket, for a first event at a first venue, sold via said patron interface to the first patron, said token being associated in the database with the first identifying information about the first patron; a trading system configured to electronically transfer the first electronic ticket from the first patron to the second patron and, upon transfer, associate, in the database, the token with the second identifying information about the second patron; a payment system configured to: store profile information regarding at least an account of the first patron and an account of the second patron, automatically debit the account of the first patron for the purchase of the electronic ticket, automatically credit the account of the first patron when the electronic ticket is transferred to the second patron via said trading system, and automatically debit the account of the second patron when the electronic ticket is transferred to the second patron via said trading system; and a communication system configured to transmit, from the database to an entry system associated with the venue, an association of the token with identifying information about the patron with whom the token is associated. 8. An entertainment event entry system, comprising a computer-implemented entry server; an access-control device comprising: a reader configured to read a first patron's identification information; and a communication device configured: (1) to electronically transmit the identification information to the entry server, and (2) receive, from the entry server, confirmation that a token corresponding to an electronic ticket for the first event is associated with the first patron; wherein the access-control device is configured to, upon confirmation that the token corresponding to the electronic ticket for the first event is associated with the first patron, authorize entry of the first patron into the venue for the first event; and a printer associated with the access-control device and configured to print, for the first patron, a paper version of the first patron's electronic ticket which indicates the date, seat number, and event name associated with the first event. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the reader comprises a smart card reader, magnetic stripe card reader, an RFID device reader or a biometric reader. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein electronic tickets, including the electronic ticket for the first event, are exchangeable from one patron to another patron until used to gain entry into the venue, and wherein the communication device is configured to transmit information indicating the authorization of entry of a patron into the venue for the first event to indicate use of the electronic ticket and prevent any further trading of the electronic ticket. 11. A method for managing electronic ticket exchange and access control to ticketed events in a system comprising a computer processor programmed with instructions, which when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the following steps: storing in a database a token representing an electronic ticket for an event at a venue in response to receiving information regarding an electronic ticket purchased by a first patron, said token being associated with identifying information about the first patron that is stored in the database; receiving information that the first patron has transferred the electronic ticket to a second patron, and updating in the database the association of the token with the first patron to an association with the second patron; in response to receiving identifying information pertaining to an entering patron from a reader at the venue for the event, determining from the database whether the received identifying information pertaining to the entering patron is associated with the token representing the electronic ticket for the event; and communicating the result of the determination to an access control device associated with the reader to provide the entering patron with physical access to the venue. 12. The method of claim 11, further including the step of determining an allocation of seats after the first patron purchases the ticket but before the event commences. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the seats are allocated on the basis of preferences submitted by patrons. 14. The method of claim 13, further including the step of communicating an identification of the seat that is allocated to the ticket at the time that entry is provided to the venue. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein said received identifying information pertaining to the entering patron is presented to said reader by an identification device. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the identification device comprises a wireless device, PDA, smart card or magnetic stripe card. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the venue contains more than two levels of seating quality, and further including the step of establishing, in a trading system, a respective market for each of the levels of seating quality. 18. The method of claim 11, further including the step of establishing a price for the electronic tickets based upon bids submitted by patrons. 19. The method of claim 11, further including the step of automatically providing a notification to individuals that a patron has purchased tickets to an event and such tickets are available to be transferred to said individuals.	An electronic ticket exchange system offers tickets using a market-making system. Patrons submit bids, for seats of different quality, and an initial price is established for each quality of seat. A trading system provides for a secondary market in which patrons who have purchased tickets for an event can readily sell them to other patrons. All of the rights associated with a ticket, such as entry into the venue, parking privileges, designated seating, etc., are stored in a electronic form. An electronic venue entry control system verifies that a person owns an electronic ticket property right, and authorizes the privileges associated with the ticket. A seating system is employed to determine an optimal seating configuration based upon patron-specific preferences, after the initial sale of tickets and prior to entry into the venue. The specific assigned seats are indicated to the ticket holder at the time of entry.1. An electronic system for selling electronic tickets for entertainment events, comprising: a patron interface configured to present options for a patron to: obtain information about entertainment events at one or more venues affiliated with the system, and purchase tickets to a desired entertainment event at a venue and transfer tickets to other patrons; a database configured to store: identifying information about at least a first patron; and a token representing a first electronic ticket, for a first event at a first venue, sold via said patron interface to the first patron, said token being associated in the database with the identifying information about the first patron; a payment system configured to store profile information regarding at least an account of the first patron and cause the account of the first patron to be debited for the purchase of the first electronic ticket; and a communication system configured to transmit, from the database to an entry system associated with the venue, an association of the token with the identifying information about the first patron. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the database is configured to store information related to merchandise associated with the first event and the patron interface is further configured to present options for the first patron to purchase through the system merchandise associated with the first event. 3. The system of claim 1, further including a seating system configured to determine an allocation of seat assignments at the first venue for electronic tickets to the first event after the electronic tickets have been sold to patrons. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the communication system is configured to transmit to the entry system information regarding the allocation of seat assignments. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the seating system is configured to determine the allocation of seat assignments based on preferences, stored in the database, of the patrons to whom the electronic tickets have been sold. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the communication system is configured to transmit to the entry system information regarding the allocation of seat assignments. 7. A electronic system for selling and exchanging electronic tickets for entertainment events, comprising: a patron interface configured to present options for a patron to: obtain information about entertainment events at one or more venues affiliated with the system, and purchase tickets to a desired entertainment event at a venue and exchange tickets with other patrons; a database configured to store: first identifying information about a first patron; second identifying information about a second patron; and a token representing a first electronic ticket, for a first event at a first venue, sold via said patron interface to the first patron, said token being associated in the database with the first identifying information about the first patron; a trading system configured to electronically transfer the first electronic ticket from the first patron to the second patron and, upon transfer, associate, in the database, the token with the second identifying information about the second patron; a payment system configured to: store profile information regarding at least an account of the first patron and an account of the second patron, automatically debit the account of the first patron for the purchase of the electronic ticket, automatically credit the account of the first patron when the electronic ticket is transferred to the second patron via said trading system, and automatically debit the account of the second patron when the electronic ticket is transferred to the second patron via said trading system; and a communication system configured to transmit, from the database to an entry system associated with the venue, an association of the token with identifying information about the patron with whom the token is associated. 8. An entertainment event entry system, comprising a computer-implemented entry server; an access-control device comprising: a reader configured to read a first patron's identification information; and a communication device configured: (1) to electronically transmit the identification information to the entry server, and (2) receive, from the entry server, confirmation that a token corresponding to an electronic ticket for the first event is associated with the first patron; wherein the access-control device is configured to, upon confirmation that the token corresponding to the electronic ticket for the first event is associated with the first patron, authorize entry of the first patron into the venue for the first event; and a printer associated with the access-control device and configured to print, for the first patron, a paper version of the first patron's electronic ticket which indicates the date, seat number, and event name associated with the first event. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the reader comprises a smart card reader, magnetic stripe card reader, an RFID device reader or a biometric reader. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein electronic tickets, including the electronic ticket for the first event, are exchangeable from one patron to another patron until used to gain entry into the venue, and wherein the communication device is configured to transmit information indicating the authorization of entry of a patron into the venue for the first event to indicate use of the electronic ticket and prevent any further trading of the electronic ticket. 11. A method for managing electronic ticket exchange and access control to ticketed events in a system comprising a computer processor programmed with instructions, which when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the following steps: storing in a database a token representing an electronic ticket for an event at a venue in response to receiving information regarding an electronic ticket purchased by a first patron, said token being associated with identifying information about the first patron that is stored in the database; receiving information that the first patron has transferred the electronic ticket to a second patron, and updating in the database the association of the token with the first patron to an association with the second patron; in response to receiving identifying information pertaining to an entering patron from a reader at the venue for the event, determining from the database whether the received identifying information pertaining to the entering patron is associated with the token representing the electronic ticket for the event; and communicating the result of the determination to an access control device associated with the reader to provide the entering patron with physical access to the venue. 12. The method of claim 11, further including the step of determining an allocation of seats after the first patron purchases the ticket but before the event commences. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the seats are allocated on the basis of preferences submitted by patrons. 14. The method of claim 13, further including the step of communicating an identification of the seat that is allocated to the ticket at the time that entry is provided to the venue. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein said received identifying information pertaining to the entering patron is presented to said reader by an identification device. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the identification device comprises a wireless device, PDA, smart card or magnetic stripe card. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the venue contains more than two levels of seating quality, and further including the step of establishing, in a trading system, a respective market for each of the levels of seating quality. 18. The method of claim 11, further including the step of establishing a price for the electronic tickets based upon bids submitted by patrons. 19. The method of claim 11, further including the step of automatically providing a notification to individuals that a patron has purchased tickets to an event and such tickets are available to be transferred to said individuals.	3,600
12,914	12,914	10,977,985	3,626	Computerized methods and systems for professional evaluation and management coding of a patient visit based upon documentation are provided. Such methods and systems increase efficiency and enhance the quality of clinician documentation by permitting automatic coding as a byproduct of documentation and eliminating the necessity for an after-the-fact check of the patient's chart to ensure appropriate documentation. Computerized methods and systems for navigating to a portion of an electronic record, e.g., an electronic medical record, based upon professional evaluation and management coding are also provided, as is the automatic insertion of document content where necessary.	1. A method in a computing system environment for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the method comprising: receiving a reason for the patient visit; determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit have been documented. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein one or more of the indicator of the current E&M coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value are parsed into a plurality of components, and wherein each of the plurality of components is separately displayed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of components comprises a patient history component and an examination component. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the patient history component is further parsed into a plurality of sub-components, and wherein the plurality of sub-components comprises a history-of-present-illness subcomponent, a review-of-systems subcomponent, and a past-family-and-social-history subcomponent. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of components further comprises a medical decision making component. 12. The method of claim 3, further comprising: receiving an additional documented element; and determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: displaying the indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the updated coding level. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the typical coding level and the reason for the patient visit. 17. A computer system for coding of a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the computer system comprising: a first receiving module for receiving a reason for the patient visit; a first determining module for determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; a current coding determination module for determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and a typical coding determination module for determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 18. The computer system of claim 17, further comprising a first display module for displaying an indicator of the typical coding level and an indicator of the current coding level. 19. The computer system of claim 17, further comprising a second determining module for determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 20. The computer system of claim 19, further comprising a third determining module for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 21. The computer system of claim 20, further comprising a second display module for displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 22. The computer system of claim 21, further comprising a third display module for displaying one or more of a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding and an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented have been documented. 23. The computer system of claim 19, further comprising: a second receiving module for receiving an additional documented element; and an updated quantity determining module for determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 24. The computer system of claim 23, further comprising an updated coding determination module for determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 25. The computer system of claim 24, further comprising a fourth determining module for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 26. The computer system of claim 25, further comprising a fourth display module for displaying one or more of the indicator of the typical coding level, an indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value. 27. A computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions for performing a method in a computing system environment for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the method comprising: receiving a reason for the patient visit; determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 28. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises: displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 29. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 30. The computer-readable medium of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 31. The computer-readable medium of claim 30, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 32. The computer-readable medium of claim 31, wherein the method further comprises displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding. 33. The computer-readable medium of claim 32, wherein the method further comprises displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented have been documented. 34. The computer-readable medium of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises: receiving an additional documented element; and determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 35. The computer-readable medium of claim 34, wherein the method further comprises determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 36. The computer-readable medium of claim 35, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the typical coding level and an indicator of the updated coding level. 37. The computer-readable medium of claim 36, wherein the method further comprises determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 38. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value. 39. A computer system for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the computer system comprising: means for receiving a reason for the patient visit; means for determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; means for determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and means for determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 40. The computer system of claim 39, further comprising: means for displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and means for displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 41. The computer system of claim 39, further comprising means for determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 42. The computer system of claim 41, further comprising means for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 43. The computer system of claim 42, further comprising means for displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 44. The computer system of claim 43, further comprising means for displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit. 45. The computer system of claim 44, further comprising means for displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit have been documented. 46. The computer system of claim 41, further comprising: means for receiving an additional element; and means for determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 47. The computer system of claim 46, further comprising means for determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 48. The computer system of claim 47, further comprising: means for displaying the indicator of the typical coding level; and means for displaying an indicator of the updated coding level. 49. The computer system of claim 48, further comprising means for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 50. The computer system of claim 49, further comprising means for displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit.	Computerized methods and systems for professional evaluation and management coding of a patient visit based upon documentation are provided. Such methods and systems increase efficiency and enhance the quality of clinician documentation by permitting automatic coding as a byproduct of documentation and eliminating the necessity for an after-the-fact check of the patient's chart to ensure appropriate documentation. Computerized methods and systems for navigating to a portion of an electronic record, e.g., an electronic medical record, based upon professional evaluation and management coding are also provided, as is the automatic insertion of document content where necessary.1. A method in a computing system environment for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the method comprising: receiving a reason for the patient visit; determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit have been documented. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein one or more of the indicator of the current E&M coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value are parsed into a plurality of components, and wherein each of the plurality of components is separately displayed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of components comprises a patient history component and an examination component. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the patient history component is further parsed into a plurality of sub-components, and wherein the plurality of sub-components comprises a history-of-present-illness subcomponent, a review-of-systems subcomponent, and a past-family-and-social-history subcomponent. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of components further comprises a medical decision making component. 12. The method of claim 3, further comprising: receiving an additional documented element; and determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: displaying the indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the updated coding level. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the typical coding level and the reason for the patient visit. 17. A computer system for coding of a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the computer system comprising: a first receiving module for receiving a reason for the patient visit; a first determining module for determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; a current coding determination module for determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and a typical coding determination module for determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 18. The computer system of claim 17, further comprising a first display module for displaying an indicator of the typical coding level and an indicator of the current coding level. 19. The computer system of claim 17, further comprising a second determining module for determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 20. The computer system of claim 19, further comprising a third determining module for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 21. The computer system of claim 20, further comprising a second display module for displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 22. The computer system of claim 21, further comprising a third display module for displaying one or more of a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding and an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented have been documented. 23. The computer system of claim 19, further comprising: a second receiving module for receiving an additional documented element; and an updated quantity determining module for determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 24. The computer system of claim 23, further comprising an updated coding determination module for determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 25. The computer system of claim 24, further comprising a fourth determining module for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 26. The computer system of claim 25, further comprising a fourth display module for displaying one or more of the indicator of the typical coding level, an indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value. 27. A computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions for performing a method in a computing system environment for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the method comprising: receiving a reason for the patient visit; determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 28. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises: displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 29. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the method further comprises determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 30. The computer-readable medium of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 31. The computer-readable medium of claim 30, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 32. The computer-readable medium of claim 31, wherein the method further comprises displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding. 33. The computer-readable medium of claim 32, wherein the method further comprises displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented have been documented. 34. The computer-readable medium of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises: receiving an additional documented element; and determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 35. The computer-readable medium of claim 34, wherein the method further comprises determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 36. The computer-readable medium of claim 35, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the typical coding level and an indicator of the updated coding level. 37. The computer-readable medium of claim 36, wherein the method further comprises determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 38. The computer-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the method further comprises displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, and the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value. 39. A computer system for coding a patient visit based upon a quantity of documented elements, the computer system comprising: means for receiving a reason for the patient visit; means for determining a first numerical value representing the quantity of documented elements; means for determining a current coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the first numerical value; and means for determining a typical coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit. 40. The computer system of claim 39, further comprising: means for displaying an indicator of the typical coding level; and means for displaying an indicator of the current coding level. 41. The computer system of claim 39, further comprising means for determining a second numerical value representing a quantity of elements to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 42. The computer system of claim 41, further comprising means for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 43. The computer system of claim 42, further comprising means for displaying one or more of the indicator of the current coding level, the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the first numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit. 44. The computer system of claim 43, further comprising means for displaying a plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit. 45. The computer system of claim 44, further comprising means for displaying an indication of which of the plurality of elements that are capable of being documented for coding the patient visit have been documented. 46. The computer system of claim 41, further comprising: means for receiving an additional element; and means for determining a third numerical value representing an updated quantity of documented elements. 47. The computer system of claim 46, further comprising means for determining an updated coding level based upon the reason for the patient visit and the third numerical value. 48. The computer system of claim 47, further comprising: means for displaying the indicator of the typical coding level; and means for displaying an indicator of the updated coding level. 49. The computer system of claim 48, further comprising means for determining a difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the difference representing the quantity of elements that remain to be documented to achieve the typical coding level. 50. The computer system of claim 49, further comprising means for displaying one or more of the indicator of the updated coding level, the third numerical value, the second numerical value, the difference between the second numerical value and the third numerical value, the typical coding level, and the reason for the patient visit.	3,600
12,915	12,915	13,839,391	3,623	Methods and apparatus are disclosed for determining a work path for a machine. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assigning an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells.	1. A method of controlling an auxiliary machine connected to a host machine, the method comprising: determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assigning an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, the method comprising controlling the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells is based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein operating the implement comprises at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells is based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement at a particular speed in the one of the plurality of work cells. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein assigning the auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells is based on determining at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining one or more potential costs for the host machine and the auxiliary machine to traverse a work path across the plurality of work cells in the work area based on the auxiliary power mode assigned to corresponding work cells of the work path. 8. An apparatus for controlling an auxiliary machine connected to a host machine, the apparatus comprising: a power selector to determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area, and, based on whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, to assign an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and a controller to control the auxiliary machine in power assist mode to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells and to control the auxiliary machine in neutral mode to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, and the controller is to control the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine, and wherein power mode selector determines whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the host machine operates the implement by at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 12. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein the power mode selector determines whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based on whether the host machine can solely operate the implement at a particular speed in the one of the plurality of work cells. 13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the power mode selector is to assign the power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells by determining at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 14. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a cost analyzer to determine one or more potential costs of operating the host machine and the auxiliary machine in the plurality of work cells to traverse a work path based on the auxiliary power mode assigned to the corresponding work cells. 15. A tangible computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least: determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assign an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, control the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, control the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 16. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, and wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to control the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 17. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine, and wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based on whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 18. The storage medium according to claim 17, wherein the host machine operates the implement by at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 19. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to assign the auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells based on at least on of determining an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 20. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed cause the machine to assign the power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells based on at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 21-65. (canceled)	Methods and apparatus are disclosed for determining a work path for a machine. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assigning an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells.1. A method of controlling an auxiliary machine connected to a host machine, the method comprising: determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assigning an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, controlling the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, the method comprising controlling the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells is based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein operating the implement comprises at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells is based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement at a particular speed in the one of the plurality of work cells. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein assigning the auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells is based on determining at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining one or more potential costs for the host machine and the auxiliary machine to traverse a work path across the plurality of work cells in the work area based on the auxiliary power mode assigned to corresponding work cells of the work path. 8. An apparatus for controlling an auxiliary machine connected to a host machine, the apparatus comprising: a power selector to determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area, and, based on whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, to assign an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and a controller to control the auxiliary machine in power assist mode to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells and to control the auxiliary machine in neutral mode to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, and the controller is to control the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine, and wherein power mode selector determines whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based upon whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the host machine operates the implement by at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 12. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine and wherein the power mode selector determines whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based on whether the host machine can solely operate the implement at a particular speed in the one of the plurality of work cells. 13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the power mode selector is to assign the power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells by determining at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 14. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising a cost analyzer to determine one or more potential costs of operating the host machine and the auxiliary machine in the plurality of work cells to traverse a work path based on the auxiliary power mode assigned to the corresponding work cells. 15. A tangible computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least: determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in a plurality of work cells in a work area; based on determining whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells, assign an auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells, the auxiliary power mode comprising one of a neutral mode or a power assist mode; and in power assist mode, control the auxiliary machine to provide auxiliary tractive power in one of the plurality of work cells, and in neutral mode, control the auxiliary machine to free wheel in another one of the plurality of work cells. 16. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the auxiliary power mode comprises a regenerative braking mode, and wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to control the auxiliary machine in one of the plurality of work cells to provide regenerative braking in the regenerative braking mode. 17. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein an implement is connected to the auxiliary machine, and wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to determine whether the auxiliary machine is to assist the host machine in one of the plurality of work cells based on whether the host machine can solely operate the implement in the one of the plurality of work cells. 18. The storage medium according to claim 17, wherein the host machine operates the implement by at least one of pulling, pushing, or providing power to the implement. 19. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to assign the auxiliary power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells based on at least on of determining an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 20. The storage medium according to claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed cause the machine to assign the power mode for the one of the plurality of work cells based on at least one of an estimated total power consumption for the host machine in the work area and an estimated total power consumption for the auxiliary machine in the work area. 21-65. (canceled)	3,600
12,916	12,916	12,909,320	3,627	A computer includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores capital data characterizing capital raised for the purchase of real property supporting public infrastructure and operating data characterizing qualifying fees collected in connection with the operation of the public infrastructure. A master limited partnership module with executable instructions executed by the processor designates master limited partnership income based upon the capital data, the operating data and terms of a public infrastructure mater limited partnership.	1. A computer, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing capital data characterizing capital raised for the purchase of real property supporting public infrastructure, operating data characterizing qualifying fees collected in connection with the operation of the public infrastructure, and a master limited partnership module with executable instructions executed by the processor to designate master limited partnership income based upon the capital data, the operating data and terms of a public infrastructure mater limited partnership. 2. The computer of claim 1, wherein the qualifying fees are in the form of tolls, which are designated as rental income of real property. 3. The computer of claim 1, wherein the qualifying fees are in the form of rental fees paid by an operating company controlling the operation of the public infrastructure.	A computer includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores capital data characterizing capital raised for the purchase of real property supporting public infrastructure and operating data characterizing qualifying fees collected in connection with the operation of the public infrastructure. A master limited partnership module with executable instructions executed by the processor designates master limited partnership income based upon the capital data, the operating data and terms of a public infrastructure mater limited partnership.1. A computer, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing capital data characterizing capital raised for the purchase of real property supporting public infrastructure, operating data characterizing qualifying fees collected in connection with the operation of the public infrastructure, and a master limited partnership module with executable instructions executed by the processor to designate master limited partnership income based upon the capital data, the operating data and terms of a public infrastructure mater limited partnership. 2. The computer of claim 1, wherein the qualifying fees are in the form of tolls, which are designated as rental income of real property. 3. The computer of claim 1, wherein the qualifying fees are in the form of rental fees paid by an operating company controlling the operation of the public infrastructure.	3,600
12,917	12,917	14,858,751	3,666	A piloting assistance system of a platform, and associated method are provided. The system includes a first detector for detecting a windshear able to generate a first alert that the platform is approaching a windshear zone; a second detector for detecting a windshear able to generate a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone; and a guider of the platform. The guider is able to automatically select a first guidance mode when a first alert is generated by the first detector, and to automatically select at least one second guidance mode different from the first guidance mode when a second alert is generated by the second detector. The system includes an information device able to display unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert.	1. A piloting assistance system of a platform, including: a first detector for detecting a windshear including at least one first sensor and one first computer configured to generate a first alert that the platform is approaching a windshear zone, based on data received from the first sensor; a second detector for detecting a windshear including at least one second sensor, separate from the first sensor, and a second computer configured to generate a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone, based on data received from the second sensor; a guider of the platform, the guider being configured to automatically select a first guidance mode when a first alert indicating the approach by the platform toward a windshear zone is generated by the first detector, and to automatically select at least one second guidance mode different from the first guidance mode when a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone is generated by the second detector; and an information device configured to display unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert, irrespective of the detector at the origin of said alert. 2. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the guider is configured to switch automatically from the first guidance mode to the second guidance mode when the second detection assembly creates a second alert for the presence of the platform in a windshear zone. 3. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first detection assembly and the second detection assembly are configured for being active at the same time. 4. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the information device is configured for producing a voice signal. 5. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first detector includes at least one radar sensor and the second detector includes at least one anemometric and/or barometric sensor. 6. The system as recited in claim 5 wherein the first detector is a meteorological radar system, the second detector being an enhanced ground proximity warning system (EGPWS). 7. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein, in the second guidance mode, the guider is configured to ensure vertical guidance and thrust guidance of the platform at the same time. 8. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein, in the first guidance mode, the guider is configured to guide the speed of the platform. 9. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the information device is configured to display an initial alert information in response to a first detection level of the first alert, then to display the unified windshear alert information in response to a second detection of the first alert, the information device being configured to retain the display of the unified windshear alert information in response to the detection of the second alert. 10. A piloting assistance method for a platform comprising: providing the system as recited in claim 1; monitoring by the first detector of the approach of the platform near a windshear zone as a function of the data received from the first sensor; simultaneous monitoring by the second detector of the presence of the platform in a windshear zone as a function of the data received from the second sensor; generating a first alert for the approach of the platform near a windshear zone by the first detector and/or a second alert for the presence of the platform in a windshear zone by the second detector; selecting, by the guider, a first guidance mode when a first alert for an approach of the platform near a windshear zone is created by the first detector; selecting, by the guider, at least one second guidance mode separate from the first guidance mode when a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone is created by the second detector; and displaying unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert irrespective of the detector at the source of said alert. 11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the method includes automatically switching the guider from the first guidance mode to the second guidance mode, upon receipt of a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone created by the second detector. 12. The method as recited in claim 10 further comprising emitting an alert signal shared by the first alert indicating that the platform is approaching a windshear zone and the second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone by the information device.	A piloting assistance system of a platform, and associated method are provided. The system includes a first detector for detecting a windshear able to generate a first alert that the platform is approaching a windshear zone; a second detector for detecting a windshear able to generate a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone; and a guider of the platform. The guider is able to automatically select a first guidance mode when a first alert is generated by the first detector, and to automatically select at least one second guidance mode different from the first guidance mode when a second alert is generated by the second detector. The system includes an information device able to display unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert.1. A piloting assistance system of a platform, including: a first detector for detecting a windshear including at least one first sensor and one first computer configured to generate a first alert that the platform is approaching a windshear zone, based on data received from the first sensor; a second detector for detecting a windshear including at least one second sensor, separate from the first sensor, and a second computer configured to generate a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone, based on data received from the second sensor; a guider of the platform, the guider being configured to automatically select a first guidance mode when a first alert indicating the approach by the platform toward a windshear zone is generated by the first detector, and to automatically select at least one second guidance mode different from the first guidance mode when a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in the windshear zone is generated by the second detector; and an information device configured to display unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert, irrespective of the detector at the origin of said alert. 2. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the guider is configured to switch automatically from the first guidance mode to the second guidance mode when the second detection assembly creates a second alert for the presence of the platform in a windshear zone. 3. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first detection assembly and the second detection assembly are configured for being active at the same time. 4. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the information device is configured for producing a voice signal. 5. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first detector includes at least one radar sensor and the second detector includes at least one anemometric and/or barometric sensor. 6. The system as recited in claim 5 wherein the first detector is a meteorological radar system, the second detector being an enhanced ground proximity warning system (EGPWS). 7. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein, in the second guidance mode, the guider is configured to ensure vertical guidance and thrust guidance of the platform at the same time. 8. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein, in the first guidance mode, the guider is configured to guide the speed of the platform. 9. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the information device is configured to display an initial alert information in response to a first detection level of the first alert, then to display the unified windshear alert information in response to a second detection of the first alert, the information device being configured to retain the display of the unified windshear alert information in response to the detection of the second alert. 10. A piloting assistance method for a platform comprising: providing the system as recited in claim 1; monitoring by the first detector of the approach of the platform near a windshear zone as a function of the data received from the first sensor; simultaneous monitoring by the second detector of the presence of the platform in a windshear zone as a function of the data received from the second sensor; generating a first alert for the approach of the platform near a windshear zone by the first detector and/or a second alert for the presence of the platform in a windshear zone by the second detector; selecting, by the guider, a first guidance mode when a first alert for an approach of the platform near a windshear zone is created by the first detector; selecting, by the guider, at least one second guidance mode separate from the first guidance mode when a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone is created by the second detector; and displaying unified windshear alert information and/or unified information for implementation of a guidance mode, shared by the first alert and the second alert irrespective of the detector at the source of said alert. 11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the method includes automatically switching the guider from the first guidance mode to the second guidance mode, upon receipt of a second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone created by the second detector. 12. The method as recited in claim 10 further comprising emitting an alert signal shared by the first alert indicating that the platform is approaching a windshear zone and the second alert indicating the presence of the platform in a windshear zone by the information device.	3,600
12,918	12,918	15,167,886	3,665	A method of conducting an engine power assurance check includes performing a first engine power assurance check wherein the first engine power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming the presence of a substantially clogged or blocked inlet barrier filter and in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check, performing a second engine power assurance check wherein the second power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter.	1. A method of conducting an engine power assurance check, comprising: performing a first engine power assurance check wherein the first engine power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming the presence of a substantially clogged or blocked inlet barrier filter; and in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check, performing a second engine power assurance check wherein the second power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first engine power assurance check is conducted with a closed inlet barrier filter bypass and wherein the second engine power assurance check is conducted with an open inlet barrier filter bypass . 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inlet barrier filter bypass is automatically closed in response to the fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the inlet barrier filter bypass is closed using an actuator. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a pass result of the second engine power assurance check, a mission that would be prevented by the fail result of the first engine power assurance check is allowed by a pass result of the second engine power assurance check. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the mission is allowed as result of the pass result of the second engine power assurance check, a future mission is allowed only with an open inlet barrier filter bypass until a maintenance action is taken. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a fail result of the second engine power assurance check, a mission is not allowed. 8. A method of conducting an engine power assurance check, comprising: selecting, via a touchscreen interface, one of a first engine power assurance check and a second power assurance check. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first engine power assurance check is associated with power performance values associated with having an inlet barrier filter installed and wherein the second engine power assurance check is associated with power performance values associated with at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically determining whether an inlet barrier filter is installed. 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically determining a status of a bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically selecting the second engine power assurance check in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising: displaying via the touchscreen interface which of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check is selected. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising: displaying via the touchscreen interface a pass result or a fail result of the selected one of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check is selected. 15. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically selecting the second engine power assurance check in response to a determination that at least one of no inlet barrier filter is installed and a bypass of an installed inlet barrier is open. 16. An aircraft, comprising: an inlet barrier filter; and an integrated avionics control system configured to selectively conduct a first engine power assurance check with a bypass of the inlet barrier filter closed and a second engine power assurance check with the bypass of the inlet barrier filter open. 17. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the second engine power assurance check is automatically conducted in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 18. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the bypass of the inlet barrier filter is automatically opened in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 19. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the integrated avionics control system comprises a touchscreen interface configured to receive inputs regarding selection of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check. 20. The aircraft of claim 19, wherein the touchscreen interface is configured to display pass results and fail results of the first engine power assurance check.	A method of conducting an engine power assurance check includes performing a first engine power assurance check wherein the first engine power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming the presence of a substantially clogged or blocked inlet barrier filter and in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check, performing a second engine power assurance check wherein the second power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter.1. A method of conducting an engine power assurance check, comprising: performing a first engine power assurance check wherein the first engine power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming the presence of a substantially clogged or blocked inlet barrier filter; and in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check, performing a second engine power assurance check wherein the second power assurance check is judged as passing or failing based on power performance values calculated assuming at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first engine power assurance check is conducted with a closed inlet barrier filter bypass and wherein the second engine power assurance check is conducted with an open inlet barrier filter bypass . 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inlet barrier filter bypass is automatically closed in response to the fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the inlet barrier filter bypass is closed using an actuator. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a pass result of the second engine power assurance check, a mission that would be prevented by the fail result of the first engine power assurance check is allowed by a pass result of the second engine power assurance check. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the mission is allowed as result of the pass result of the second engine power assurance check, a future mission is allowed only with an open inlet barrier filter bypass until a maintenance action is taken. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to a fail result of the second engine power assurance check, a mission is not allowed. 8. A method of conducting an engine power assurance check, comprising: selecting, via a touchscreen interface, one of a first engine power assurance check and a second power assurance check. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first engine power assurance check is associated with power performance values associated with having an inlet barrier filter installed and wherein the second engine power assurance check is associated with power performance values associated with at least one of no inlet barrier filter being installed and an open bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically determining whether an inlet barrier filter is installed. 11. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically determining a status of a bypass of an installed inlet barrier filter. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically selecting the second engine power assurance check in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising: displaying via the touchscreen interface which of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check is selected. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising: displaying via the touchscreen interface a pass result or a fail result of the selected one of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check is selected. 15. The method of claim 8, further comprising: automatically selecting the second engine power assurance check in response to a determination that at least one of no inlet barrier filter is installed and a bypass of an installed inlet barrier is open. 16. An aircraft, comprising: an inlet barrier filter; and an integrated avionics control system configured to selectively conduct a first engine power assurance check with a bypass of the inlet barrier filter closed and a second engine power assurance check with the bypass of the inlet barrier filter open. 17. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the second engine power assurance check is automatically conducted in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 18. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the bypass of the inlet barrier filter is automatically opened in response to a fail result of the first engine power assurance check. 19. The aircraft of claim 16, wherein the integrated avionics control system comprises a touchscreen interface configured to receive inputs regarding selection of the first engine power assurance check and the second engine power assurance check. 20. The aircraft of claim 19, wherein the touchscreen interface is configured to display pass results and fail results of the first engine power assurance check.	3,600
12,919	12,919	14,541,390	3,693	A network-based computer system for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data is described. The system includes at least one processor in communication with at least one memory. The at least one processor is configured to receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier, receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time, determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets, and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution.	1. A network-based computer system for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data, said system comprising at least one processor in communication with at least one memory, said at least one processor configured to: receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said system is in communication with a payment network and said at least one processor is further configured to: retrieve stored payment transaction data associated with at least one asset of the plurality of assets; determine a net operating income based at least in part on the stored payment transaction data; and determine the candidate divestiture based additionally on the determined net operating income associated with the at least one asset. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: aggregate capital ratios for each of the plurality of assets; and determine a capital adequacy ratio of the identified financial institution based at least in part on the aggregated capital ratios. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: receive at least one document that includes the asset data; and obtain the asset data from the at least one document by performing optical character recognition on the at least one document. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining an acquiring price when the asset was originally purchased. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: determine that at least one of the plurality of assets is an issued loan having real estate as collateral; and determine the risk weight associated with the at least one asset by dividing a loan amount associated with the loan by the value of the real estate collateral. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets by multiplying the asset value by the risk weight associated with each respective asset. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine the candidate divestiture by: determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets; identifying one of the plurality of assets as having the highest capital ratio of the plurality of assets; and determining that the asset having the highest capital ratio is the candidate divestiture. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: identify at least one of the plurality of assets as the candidate divestiture; include at least one of a capital ratio, the risk weight, and the asset value associated with the at least one of the plurality of assets in the divestiture report; and transmit the divestiture report to a financial institution computing device associated with the financial institution. 10. A computer implemented method for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data, said method implemented using a computing device in communication with a memory, said method comprising: receiving, by the computing device, a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receiving, by the computing device, asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determining a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and providing a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining a mark-to-market price of the at least one asset. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the mark-to-market price further comprises: determining that the at least one asset is real estate owned by the financial institution; and determining a present day value of the real estate as the mark-to-market price associated with the at least one asset. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the mark-to-market price further comprises: determining that the at least one asset is an issued loan having real estate as collateral for the issued loan; and determining a present day value of the real estate as the mark-to-market price associated with the at least one asset. 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining an acquiring price when the asset was originally purchased. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining that at least one of the plurality of assets is an issued loan having real estate as collateral; and determining the risk weight associated with the at least one asset by dividing a loan amount associated with the loan by the value of the real estate collateral. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets by multiplying the asset value by the risk weight associated with each respective asset. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the candidate divestiture further comprises: determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets; identifying one of the plurality of assets as having the highest capital ratio of the plurality of assets; and determining that the asset having the highest capital ratio is the candidate divestiture. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising: identifying at least one of the plurality of assets as the candidate divestiture; including at least one of a capital ratio, the risk weight, and the asset value associated with the at least one of the plurality of assets in the divestiture report; and transmitting the divestiture report to a financial institution computing device associated with the financial institution. 19. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon, wherein when executed by a computing device having one or more processors in communication with one or more memory devices, the computer-executable instructions cause the computing device to: receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein said computer-executable instructions further cause the computing device to determine the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining a mark-to-market price of the at least one asset.	A network-based computer system for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data is described. The system includes at least one processor in communication with at least one memory. The at least one processor is configured to receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier, receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time, determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets, and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution.1. A network-based computer system for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data, said system comprising at least one processor in communication with at least one memory, said at least one processor configured to: receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said system is in communication with a payment network and said at least one processor is further configured to: retrieve stored payment transaction data associated with at least one asset of the plurality of assets; determine a net operating income based at least in part on the stored payment transaction data; and determine the candidate divestiture based additionally on the determined net operating income associated with the at least one asset. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: aggregate capital ratios for each of the plurality of assets; and determine a capital adequacy ratio of the identified financial institution based at least in part on the aggregated capital ratios. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: receive at least one document that includes the asset data; and obtain the asset data from the at least one document by performing optical character recognition on the at least one document. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining an acquiring price when the asset was originally purchased. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: determine that at least one of the plurality of assets is an issued loan having real estate as collateral; and determine the risk weight associated with the at least one asset by dividing a loan amount associated with the loan by the value of the real estate collateral. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets by multiplying the asset value by the risk weight associated with each respective asset. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to determine the candidate divestiture by: determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets; identifying one of the plurality of assets as having the highest capital ratio of the plurality of assets; and determining that the asset having the highest capital ratio is the candidate divestiture. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to: identify at least one of the plurality of assets as the candidate divestiture; include at least one of a capital ratio, the risk weight, and the asset value associated with the at least one of the plurality of assets in the divestiture report; and transmit the divestiture report to a financial institution computing device associated with the financial institution. 10. A computer implemented method for determining an asset divestiture of a financial institution based on asset data, said method implemented using a computing device in communication with a memory, said method comprising: receiving, by the computing device, a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receiving, by the computing device, asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determining a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and providing a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining a mark-to-market price of the at least one asset. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the mark-to-market price further comprises: determining that the at least one asset is real estate owned by the financial institution; and determining a present day value of the real estate as the mark-to-market price associated with the at least one asset. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein determining the mark-to-market price further comprises: determining that the at least one asset is an issued loan having real estate as collateral for the issued loan; and determining a present day value of the real estate as the mark-to-market price associated with the at least one asset. 14. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining an acquiring price when the asset was originally purchased. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining that at least one of the plurality of assets is an issued loan having real estate as collateral; and determining the risk weight associated with the at least one asset by dividing a loan amount associated with the loan by the value of the real estate collateral. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets by multiplying the asset value by the risk weight associated with each respective asset. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the candidate divestiture further comprises: determining a capital ratio for each of the plurality of assets; identifying one of the plurality of assets as having the highest capital ratio of the plurality of assets; and determining that the asset having the highest capital ratio is the candidate divestiture. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising: identifying at least one of the plurality of assets as the candidate divestiture; including at least one of a capital ratio, the risk weight, and the asset value associated with the at least one of the plurality of assets in the divestiture report; and transmitting the divestiture report to a financial institution computing device associated with the financial institution. 19. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon, wherein when executed by a computing device having one or more processors in communication with one or more memory devices, the computer-executable instructions cause the computing device to: receive a divestiture request message including a financial institution identifier; receive asset data for the identified financial institution, the asset data including data associated with a plurality of assets of the identified financial institution, wherein each asset has an asset value and a risk weight representing a potential change in the asset value over time; determine a candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution at least in part based on the asset value and the risk weight for each asset of the plurality of assets; and provide a divestiture report to the identified financial institution, wherein the divestiture report includes the candidate divestiture for the identified financial institution. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein said computer-executable instructions further cause the computing device to determine the asset value associated with at least one of the plurality of assets by determining a mark-to-market price of the at least one asset.	3,600
12,920	12,920	14,048,377	3,686	Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for healthcare organizations to manage financial and clinical objectives between payers, providers, and patients. A healthcare organization's organizational data is accessed to identify quality measure contract objectives contained in contracts between the healthcare organization and its payers. Patient data of patients in scorable patient groups is accessed to determine if the patients meet the quality measure contract objectives. If so, a financial incentive is determined. If the patients do not meet the quality measure contract objectives, recommendations are automatically generated to increase the likelihood of the patients meeting the quality measure contract objectives	1. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, perform a method of enabling a healthcare organization to manage financial and clinical objectives between payers, providers, and patients, the method comprising: accessing organizational data associated with the healthcare organization to identify quality measure contract objectives contained in one or more contracts between the healthcare organization and one or more of its payers, each quality measure contract objective specifying a quality measure to be met, a number of patients in a scorable patient group against which the quality measure is to be measured, and a percentage of the patients in the scorable patient group that are required meet the quality measure before an incentive is provided; for each scorable patient group: accessing longitudinal patient population records of patients in the each scorable patient group to identify patient data related to the respective quality measure; determining a percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure, wherein: (A) when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is equal to or exceeds the respective quality measure contract objective, determining an incentive for at least the healthcare organization, and (B) when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is less than the respective quality measure contract objective, determining one or more recommendations to increase a likelihood of the healthcare organization meeting the respective quality measure contract objective. 2. The media of claim 1, wherein the organizational data is further accessed to determine current and historical provider outcome data, current and historical outcome data for the healthcare organization, current attribution schemes implemented by the healthcare organization, and department or provider utilization data for the healthcare organization. 3. The media of claim 1, wherein the quality measure contract objectives apply to at least one of the healthcare organization or providers affiliated with the healthcare organization. 4. The media of claim 1, wherein the patient data related to the respective quality measure comprises at least one of a lab result, a procedure result, readmission information, a diagnosis, or an indication of whether an action has been taken or attempted to be taken. 5. The media of claim 1, wherein the incentive comprises a financial incentive. 6. The media of claim 5, wherein an amount of the financial incentive for the healthcare organization is dependent on the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure. 7. The media of claim 1, further comprising when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure is equal to or exceeds the respective quality measure contract objective, determining an incentive for one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization. 8. The media of claim 7, wherein the incentive for the one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization is a financial incentive. 9. The media of claim 8, wherein an amount of the financial incentive for the one or more providers is dependent on the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure. 10. The media of claim 1, wherein the one or more recommendations comprise modifying a current attribution scheme to attribute poor-performing patients with providers having historically better provider outcomes. 11. The media of claim 1, wherein the one or more recommendations comprise modifying a current attribution scheme based on an over- or under-utilization of a provider associated with the healthcare organization or a department associated with the healthcare organization. 12. The media of claim 1, wherein when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is less than the respective quality measure contract objective, determining a financial impact of not meeting the respective quality measure contract objective. 13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, generate a graphical user interface (GUI) for displaying current patient utilization information and one or more recommendations related to the current patient utilization information, the GUI comprising: a first display area that displays current patient utilization by provider type; and a second display area that displays one or more generated selectable recommendations for shifting patient care from a first provider type to a second provider type based on the current patient utilization by provider type. 14. The GUI of claim 13, wherein the current patient utilization by provider type is presented in a table. 15. The GUI of claim 13, wherein the current patient utilization by provider type is presented in a bar graph form. 16. The GUI of claim 13, further comprising a third display area that displays key performance indicators for patients covered by payer contracts as compared to national benchmarks. 17. The GUI of claim 16, wherein the key performance indicators comprise at least admissions per 1000 patients, emergency department visits per 1000 patients, average length of patient stay, and 30 day readmission rate. 18. A system for organizational management of quality measure contract objectives, the system comprising: a computing device associated with a contract management service having one or more processors and one or more computer-storage media; and one or more data stores coupled with the contract management service that store quality measure contract objectives contained in one or more contracts between a healthcare organization and one or more of its payers, each quality measure contract objective specifying a quality measure to be met, a number of patients in a scorable patient group against which the quality measure is to be measured, and a percentage of the patients in the scorable patient group that are required to meet the quality measure before an incentive is provided, wherein the contract management service: evaluates performance of one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization in satisfying at least a portion of the quality measure contract objectives; based on the performance of the one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization, automatically determines one or more recommendations for increasing a likelihood of the healthcare organization satisfying the at least the portion of the quality measure contract objectives; and displays the one or more recommendations on a user interface of a computing device associated with the healthcare organization, wherein the one or more recommendations displayed on the user interface are selectable. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the contract management service: receives a selection of at least one of the one or more recommendations; displays on the user interface a projected patient utilization by provider type based on the selected at least one recommendation. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the contract management service further displays on the user interface a projected financial savings based on the selected at least one recommendation.	Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for healthcare organizations to manage financial and clinical objectives between payers, providers, and patients. A healthcare organization's organizational data is accessed to identify quality measure contract objectives contained in contracts between the healthcare organization and its payers. Patient data of patients in scorable patient groups is accessed to determine if the patients meet the quality measure contract objectives. If so, a financial incentive is determined. If the patients do not meet the quality measure contract objectives, recommendations are automatically generated to increase the likelihood of the patients meeting the quality measure contract objectives1. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, perform a method of enabling a healthcare organization to manage financial and clinical objectives between payers, providers, and patients, the method comprising: accessing organizational data associated with the healthcare organization to identify quality measure contract objectives contained in one or more contracts between the healthcare organization and one or more of its payers, each quality measure contract objective specifying a quality measure to be met, a number of patients in a scorable patient group against which the quality measure is to be measured, and a percentage of the patients in the scorable patient group that are required meet the quality measure before an incentive is provided; for each scorable patient group: accessing longitudinal patient population records of patients in the each scorable patient group to identify patient data related to the respective quality measure; determining a percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure, wherein: (A) when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is equal to or exceeds the respective quality measure contract objective, determining an incentive for at least the healthcare organization, and (B) when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is less than the respective quality measure contract objective, determining one or more recommendations to increase a likelihood of the healthcare organization meeting the respective quality measure contract objective. 2. The media of claim 1, wherein the organizational data is further accessed to determine current and historical provider outcome data, current and historical outcome data for the healthcare organization, current attribution schemes implemented by the healthcare organization, and department or provider utilization data for the healthcare organization. 3. The media of claim 1, wherein the quality measure contract objectives apply to at least one of the healthcare organization or providers affiliated with the healthcare organization. 4. The media of claim 1, wherein the patient data related to the respective quality measure comprises at least one of a lab result, a procedure result, readmission information, a diagnosis, or an indication of whether an action has been taken or attempted to be taken. 5. The media of claim 1, wherein the incentive comprises a financial incentive. 6. The media of claim 5, wherein an amount of the financial incentive for the healthcare organization is dependent on the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure. 7. The media of claim 1, further comprising when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure is equal to or exceeds the respective quality measure contract objective, determining an incentive for one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization. 8. The media of claim 7, wherein the incentive for the one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization is a financial incentive. 9. The media of claim 8, wherein an amount of the financial incentive for the one or more providers is dependent on the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose data meets the respective quality measure. 10. The media of claim 1, wherein the one or more recommendations comprise modifying a current attribution scheme to attribute poor-performing patients with providers having historically better provider outcomes. 11. The media of claim 1, wherein the one or more recommendations comprise modifying a current attribution scheme based on an over- or under-utilization of a provider associated with the healthcare organization or a department associated with the healthcare organization. 12. The media of claim 1, wherein when the percentage of patients in the each scorable patient group whose patient data meets the respective quality measure is less than the respective quality measure contract objective, determining a financial impact of not meeting the respective quality measure contract objective. 13. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, generate a graphical user interface (GUI) for displaying current patient utilization information and one or more recommendations related to the current patient utilization information, the GUI comprising: a first display area that displays current patient utilization by provider type; and a second display area that displays one or more generated selectable recommendations for shifting patient care from a first provider type to a second provider type based on the current patient utilization by provider type. 14. The GUI of claim 13, wherein the current patient utilization by provider type is presented in a table. 15. The GUI of claim 13, wherein the current patient utilization by provider type is presented in a bar graph form. 16. The GUI of claim 13, further comprising a third display area that displays key performance indicators for patients covered by payer contracts as compared to national benchmarks. 17. The GUI of claim 16, wherein the key performance indicators comprise at least admissions per 1000 patients, emergency department visits per 1000 patients, average length of patient stay, and 30 day readmission rate. 18. A system for organizational management of quality measure contract objectives, the system comprising: a computing device associated with a contract management service having one or more processors and one or more computer-storage media; and one or more data stores coupled with the contract management service that store quality measure contract objectives contained in one or more contracts between a healthcare organization and one or more of its payers, each quality measure contract objective specifying a quality measure to be met, a number of patients in a scorable patient group against which the quality measure is to be measured, and a percentage of the patients in the scorable patient group that are required to meet the quality measure before an incentive is provided, wherein the contract management service: evaluates performance of one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization in satisfying at least a portion of the quality measure contract objectives; based on the performance of the one or more providers associated with the healthcare organization, automatically determines one or more recommendations for increasing a likelihood of the healthcare organization satisfying the at least the portion of the quality measure contract objectives; and displays the one or more recommendations on a user interface of a computing device associated with the healthcare organization, wherein the one or more recommendations displayed on the user interface are selectable. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the contract management service: receives a selection of at least one of the one or more recommendations; displays on the user interface a projected patient utilization by provider type based on the selected at least one recommendation. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the contract management service further displays on the user interface a projected financial savings based on the selected at least one recommendation.	3,600
12,921	12,921	14,274,343	3,683	A method, system, and/or computer program product schedules preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment. An outage on a unit of equipment, which is the result of a maintenance operation being performed on a subcomponent of the unit of equipment, is detected. A determination is made that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, which renders a subsequently scheduled minor maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary. A critical maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment is also identified. Thus, the critical maintenance operation, but not the minor maintenance operation, is performed while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage.	1-7. (canceled) 8. A computer program product for scheduling preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program code embodied therewith, the program code readable and executable by a processor to perform a method comprising: detecting an outage on a unit of equipment, wherein the outage is a result of a maintenance operation being performed on a first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; determining that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, wherein the superseding maintenance operation renders a first minor maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary for preventing a failure of the unit of equipment, and wherein the first minor maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation; identifying a first critical maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the first critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the first critical maintenance operation within a predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and performing the first critical maintenance operation, but not the first minor maintenance operation, while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and determining, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first critical maintenance operation. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and determining, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first minor maintenance operation. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a second critical maintenance operation on a second subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the second critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the second critical maintenance operation within a second predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and performing the second critical maintenance operation while executing the first critical maintenance operation and the superseding maintenance operation. 12. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is greater than a predetermined value, issuing a signal approving continued performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is less than a predetermined value, issuing a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled; and in response to determining that the length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled is greater than a predetermined length of time, issuing a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 15. A system for scheduling preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment, the system comprising: a processor, a computer readable memory, and a computer readable storage medium; first program instructions to detect an outage on a unit of equipment, wherein the outage is a result of a maintenance operation being performed on a first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; second program instructions to determine that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, wherein the superseding maintenance operation renders a first minor maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary for preventing a failure of the unit of equipment, and wherein the first minor maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation; third program instructions to identify a first critical maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the first critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the first critical maintenance operation within a predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and fourth program instructions to perform the first critical maintenance operation, but not the first minor maintenance operation, while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage; and wherein the first, second, third, and fourth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 16. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to receive, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and sixth program instructions to determine, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first critical maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 17. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to receive, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and sixth program instructions to determine, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first minor maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 18. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a second critical maintenance operation on a second subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the second critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the second critical maintenance operation within a second predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and sixth program instructions to perform the second critical maintenance operation while executing the first critical maintenance operation and the superseding maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 19. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and sixth program instructions to, in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is greater than a predetermined value, issue a signal approving continued performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 20. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled; and sixth program instructions to, in response to determining that the length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled is greater than a predetermined length of time, issue a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory.	A method, system, and/or computer program product schedules preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment. An outage on a unit of equipment, which is the result of a maintenance operation being performed on a subcomponent of the unit of equipment, is detected. A determination is made that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, which renders a subsequently scheduled minor maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary. A critical maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment is also identified. Thus, the critical maintenance operation, but not the minor maintenance operation, is performed while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage.1-7. (canceled) 8. A computer program product for scheduling preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program code embodied therewith, the program code readable and executable by a processor to perform a method comprising: detecting an outage on a unit of equipment, wherein the outage is a result of a maintenance operation being performed on a first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; determining that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, wherein the superseding maintenance operation renders a first minor maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary for preventing a failure of the unit of equipment, and wherein the first minor maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation; identifying a first critical maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the first critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the first critical maintenance operation within a predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and performing the first critical maintenance operation, but not the first minor maintenance operation, while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and determining, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first critical maintenance operation. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and determining, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first minor maintenance operation. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a second critical maintenance operation on a second subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the second critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the second critical maintenance operation within a second predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and performing the second critical maintenance operation while executing the first critical maintenance operation and the superseding maintenance operation. 12. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is greater than a predetermined value, issuing a signal approving continued performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is less than a predetermined value, issuing a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 14. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: identifying a length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled; and in response to determining that the length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled is greater than a predetermined length of time, issuing a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage. 15. A system for scheduling preventive maintenance on a unit of equipment, the system comprising: a processor, a computer readable memory, and a computer readable storage medium; first program instructions to detect an outage on a unit of equipment, wherein the outage is a result of a maintenance operation being performed on a first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; second program instructions to determine that the maintenance operation is a superseding maintenance operation, wherein the superseding maintenance operation renders a first minor maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment unnecessary for preventing a failure of the unit of equipment, and wherein the first minor maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation; third program instructions to identify a first critical maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the first critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the first critical maintenance operation within a predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and fourth program instructions to perform the first critical maintenance operation, but not the first minor maintenance operation, while executing the superseding maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment during the outage; and wherein the first, second, third, and fourth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 16. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to receive, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and sixth program instructions to determine, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first critical maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 17. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to receive, from at least one sensor on the unit of equipment, a signal describing a state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment; and sixth program instructions to determine, based on the signal describing the state of the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment, that a maintenance operation on the first subcomponent of the unit of equipment is the first minor maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 18. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a second critical maintenance operation on a second subcomponent of the unit of equipment, wherein the second critical maintenance operation is scheduled after the superseding maintenance operation, and wherein failure to perform the second critical maintenance operation within a second predefined period of time of the superseding maintenance operation has been predetermined to cause the unit of equipment to fail; and sixth program instructions to perform the second critical maintenance operation while executing the first critical maintenance operation and the superseding maintenance operation; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 19. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a cost of the first critical maintenance operation, a length of time required to perform the first critical maintenance operation at a different outage time from that incurred by the superseding maintenance operation, and a cost of the different outage time to determine a cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time; and sixth program instructions to, in response to determining that the cost of performing the first critical maintenance operation at the different outage time is greater than a predetermined value, issue a signal approving continued performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory. 20. The system of claim 15, further comprising: fifth program instructions to identify a length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled; and sixth program instructions to, in response to determining that the length of time between the outage and when the first critical maintenance operation was originally scheduled is greater than a predetermined length of time, issue a signal to halt performance of the first critical maintenance operation during the outage; and wherein the fifth and sixth program instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium and executed by the processor via the computer readable memory.	3,600
12,922	12,922	13,264,480	3,681	A digital creative interaction system receives a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group from a client and determines parameters of the request for creative briefs. The digital creative interaction system issues the request for creative briefs to a plurality of sources. The digital creative interaction system, in response to issuing a request for creative briefs, receives creative briefs and corresponding bids. The digital creative interaction system deploys each of the creative briefs to the target consumer group and captures user behavior data responsive to the deployed creative briefs.	1. A digital creative interaction system, comprising: a request for creative briefs creation unit creating a request for creative briefs responsive to receiving gap determination data for the target consumer group and issuing the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; a response bid approval unit receiving a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs and determining whether each of the plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids conform to parameters in the request for creative briefs; and a testing control unit deploying each of the received plurality of creative briefs that conform to the parameters in the requires for creative briefs to the target consumer group and capturing the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the target consumer group is defined by at least one common user attribute. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the creative brief parameters include maximum size, colors or layout dimensions. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the bid parameters include currency, minimum amount, maximum amount, or an acceptable range. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs to determine if the creative briefs conform to the parameters in therequest for creative briefs. 8. A method for determining user behavior data for a target consumer group, comprising: receiving a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group; determining parameters of the request for creative briefs; issuing the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; receiving a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs; deploying each of the received plurality of creative briefs to the target consumer group; and capturing the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the target consumer group is defined by at least one common user attribute. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 11. The method of claim 8 further comprising: selecting one creative brief of the deployed plurality of creative briefs based on the captured user behavior data. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: selecting one creative brief of the deployed plurality of creative briefs based on the captured user behavior data and the corresponding bids. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs. 15. The computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer executable program for determining user behavior data for a target consumer group, the computer executable program when executed causes a computer system to: receive a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group; determine parameters of the request for creative briefs; issue the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; receive a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs; deploy each of the received plurality of creative briefs to the target consumer group; and capture the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 16. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 17. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the creative brief parameters include maximum size, colors or layout dimensions. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the bid parameters include currency, minimum amount, maximum amount, or an acceptable range. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs.	A digital creative interaction system receives a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group from a client and determines parameters of the request for creative briefs. The digital creative interaction system issues the request for creative briefs to a plurality of sources. The digital creative interaction system, in response to issuing a request for creative briefs, receives creative briefs and corresponding bids. The digital creative interaction system deploys each of the creative briefs to the target consumer group and captures user behavior data responsive to the deployed creative briefs.1. A digital creative interaction system, comprising: a request for creative briefs creation unit creating a request for creative briefs responsive to receiving gap determination data for the target consumer group and issuing the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; a response bid approval unit receiving a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs and determining whether each of the plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids conform to parameters in the request for creative briefs; and a testing control unit deploying each of the received plurality of creative briefs that conform to the parameters in the requires for creative briefs to the target consumer group and capturing the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the target consumer group is defined by at least one common user attribute. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the creative brief parameters include maximum size, colors or layout dimensions. 6. The system of claim 4, wherein the bid parameters include currency, minimum amount, maximum amount, or an acceptable range. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs to determine if the creative briefs conform to the parameters in therequest for creative briefs. 8. A method for determining user behavior data for a target consumer group, comprising: receiving a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group; determining parameters of the request for creative briefs; issuing the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; receiving a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs; deploying each of the received plurality of creative briefs to the target consumer group; and capturing the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the target consumer group is defined by at least one common user attribute. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 11. The method of claim 8 further comprising: selecting one creative brief of the deployed plurality of creative briefs based on the captured user behavior data. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: selecting one creative brief of the deployed plurality of creative briefs based on the captured user behavior data and the corresponding bids. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs. 15. The computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer executable program for determining user behavior data for a target consumer group, the computer executable program when executed causes a computer system to: receive a request for creative briefs for the target consumer group; determine parameters of the request for creative briefs; issue the request for creative briefs to a plurality of creative agencies; receive a plurality of creative briefs and corresponding bids responsive to the request for creative briefs; deploy each of the received plurality of creative briefs to the target consumer group; and capture the user behavior data responsive to the deployed plurality of creative briefs. 16. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the creative brief is an advertisement. 17. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the parameters include creative brief parameters and bid parameters. 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the creative brief parameters include maximum size, colors or layout dimensions. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the bid parameters include currency, minimum amount, maximum amount, or an acceptable range. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein the received creative briefs and corresponding bids are compared to the parameters of the request for creative briefs.	3,600
12,923	12,923	14,048,349	3,686	Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for organizational management of population health. A network management service builds and maintains data stores of organizational data associated with one or more healthcare organizations. A population health management service receives raw data from disparate sources, creates a reference record for each raw data source, and generates patient-centric longitudinal population records using the reference records. Programs for managing population health utilize both the organizational data and the population records to generate condition-specific or objective-specific solutions.	1. A system for organizational management of patient population health, the system comprising: a computing device associated with a population health management service having one or more processors and one or more computer-storage media; and one or more data stores coupled with the population health management service, wherein the population health management service: receives a plurality of sets of organizational data associated with one or more healthcare organizations; stores the plurality of sets of organizational data in association with the one or more data stores; receives raw data associated with a population of patients from one or more raw data sources; transforms the raw data into one or more standard medical nomenclatures; and generates a plurality of population records using the transformed data, wherein each of the plurality of population records comprises a longitudinal record of a particular patient's data. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more healthcare organizations are disparate. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about the one or more healthcare organizations including at least operating hours, type of care provided, and geographic location. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about one or more providers associated with at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations including at least provider names, areas of provider practice, and geographic location of providers. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about one or more contracts between the one or more healthcare organizations and respective payers associated with the one or more healthcare organizations including at least quality measure contract objectives contained in the one or more contracts. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the at least quality measure contract objectives comprise clinical quality measures against which a healthcare organization or a provider is scored. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more raw data sources from which the raw data associated with the population of patients is received are disparate raw data sources. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the raw data associated with the population of patients is received in different formats or nomenclatures. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more raw data sources from which the raw data associated with the population of patients is received comprise at least clinical data sources, financial data sources, and federal and state data sources. 10. A computerized method carried out by a population health management service having at least one processor for creating patient-centric longitudinal population records, the method comprising: receiving from a plurality of raw data sources raw data associated with a population of patients; for each raw data source of the plurality of raw data sources, transforming, using the at least one processor, the each raw data source's raw data into standard medical nomenclature and compiling the transformed data into a reference record; for each patient in the population of patients, extracting the each patient's data from a set of reference records; and for the each patient in the population of patients, generating a longitudinal record of the each patient's data. 11. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein subsequent to receiving the raw data associated with the population of patients from the plurality of raw data sources, storing a copy of the raw data. 12. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the raw data is transformed into standard medical nomenclature using at least machine learning techniques and natural language processing. 13. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the standard medical nomenclature comprises at least one of Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), or Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED). 14. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein each reference record includes consent, access, and privacy rules associated with the each reference record's raw data source. 15. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is generated using one or more probabilistic patient matching algorithms. 16. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is identified. 17. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is de-identified. 18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, perform a method of enabling one or more healthcare organizations to manage health of one or more patient population segments, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of sets of organizational data associated with the one or more healthcare organizations, the plurality of sets of organizational data comprising contract data, provider data, and healthcare organization-specific data; storing the plurality of sets of organizational data in one or more data stores; receiving from a plurality of raw data sources raw data associated with a population of patients; for each raw data source of the plurality of raw data sources, transforming the each raw data source's raw data into standard medical nomenclature and compiling the transformed data into a reference record; for each patient in the population of patients, extracting the each patient's data from a set of reference records; and for the each patient in the population of patients, generating a longitudinal population record of the each patient's data; and executing at least one of a disease condition-specific program or objective-specific program against at least a portion of the plurality of sets of organizational data stored in association with the one or more data stores and longitudinal population records of at least a portion of the population of patients to generate one or more results used by at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations to manage the health of a patient population segment. 19. The media of claim 18, wherein the at least one disease condition-specific program or the objective-specific program is customized to the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations based on parameters specified by the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations. 20. The media of claim 19, wherein the at least one disease condition-specific program or the objective-specific program is customized by personnel associated with the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations using a logic editor.	Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for organizational management of population health. A network management service builds and maintains data stores of organizational data associated with one or more healthcare organizations. A population health management service receives raw data from disparate sources, creates a reference record for each raw data source, and generates patient-centric longitudinal population records using the reference records. Programs for managing population health utilize both the organizational data and the population records to generate condition-specific or objective-specific solutions.1. A system for organizational management of patient population health, the system comprising: a computing device associated with a population health management service having one or more processors and one or more computer-storage media; and one or more data stores coupled with the population health management service, wherein the population health management service: receives a plurality of sets of organizational data associated with one or more healthcare organizations; stores the plurality of sets of organizational data in association with the one or more data stores; receives raw data associated with a population of patients from one or more raw data sources; transforms the raw data into one or more standard medical nomenclatures; and generates a plurality of population records using the transformed data, wherein each of the plurality of population records comprises a longitudinal record of a particular patient's data. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more healthcare organizations are disparate. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about the one or more healthcare organizations including at least operating hours, type of care provided, and geographic location. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about one or more providers associated with at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations including at least provider names, areas of provider practice, and geographic location of providers. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of organizational data comprises at least data about one or more contracts between the one or more healthcare organizations and respective payers associated with the one or more healthcare organizations including at least quality measure contract objectives contained in the one or more contracts. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the at least quality measure contract objectives comprise clinical quality measures against which a healthcare organization or a provider is scored. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more raw data sources from which the raw data associated with the population of patients is received are disparate raw data sources. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the raw data associated with the population of patients is received in different formats or nomenclatures. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more raw data sources from which the raw data associated with the population of patients is received comprise at least clinical data sources, financial data sources, and federal and state data sources. 10. A computerized method carried out by a population health management service having at least one processor for creating patient-centric longitudinal population records, the method comprising: receiving from a plurality of raw data sources raw data associated with a population of patients; for each raw data source of the plurality of raw data sources, transforming, using the at least one processor, the each raw data source's raw data into standard medical nomenclature and compiling the transformed data into a reference record; for each patient in the population of patients, extracting the each patient's data from a set of reference records; and for the each patient in the population of patients, generating a longitudinal record of the each patient's data. 11. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein subsequent to receiving the raw data associated with the population of patients from the plurality of raw data sources, storing a copy of the raw data. 12. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the raw data is transformed into standard medical nomenclature using at least machine learning techniques and natural language processing. 13. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the standard medical nomenclature comprises at least one of Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), or Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED). 14. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein each reference record includes consent, access, and privacy rules associated with the each reference record's raw data source. 15. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is generated using one or more probabilistic patient matching algorithms. 16. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is identified. 17. The computerized method of claim 10, wherein the longitudinal record of the each patient's data is de-identified. 18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions embodied thereon that, when executed, perform a method of enabling one or more healthcare organizations to manage health of one or more patient population segments, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of sets of organizational data associated with the one or more healthcare organizations, the plurality of sets of organizational data comprising contract data, provider data, and healthcare organization-specific data; storing the plurality of sets of organizational data in one or more data stores; receiving from a plurality of raw data sources raw data associated with a population of patients; for each raw data source of the plurality of raw data sources, transforming the each raw data source's raw data into standard medical nomenclature and compiling the transformed data into a reference record; for each patient in the population of patients, extracting the each patient's data from a set of reference records; and for the each patient in the population of patients, generating a longitudinal population record of the each patient's data; and executing at least one of a disease condition-specific program or objective-specific program against at least a portion of the plurality of sets of organizational data stored in association with the one or more data stores and longitudinal population records of at least a portion of the population of patients to generate one or more results used by at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations to manage the health of a patient population segment. 19. The media of claim 18, wherein the at least one disease condition-specific program or the objective-specific program is customized to the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations based on parameters specified by the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations. 20. The media of claim 19, wherein the at least one disease condition-specific program or the objective-specific program is customized by personnel associated with the at least one of the one or more healthcare organizations using a logic editor.	3,600
12,924	12,924	12,189,225	3,681	The invention generally relates to systems and methods for advertising, and, more particularly, to systems and methods for triggering immersive advertising in a virtual universe. In an embodiment, a method includes: obtaining tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and presenting a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data.	1. A computer implemented method, comprising: obtaining tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and presenting a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tolerance data is stored in a profile associated with the user. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tolerance data is obtained from the user after the VU-ad is triggered. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein tolerance data includes at least one of: a measure of the user's tolerance for advertising; a preferred type of advertisement; and an indication of willingness to modify the tolerance for advertising in exchange for an incentive. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing an incentive to the user based upon the presenting the variation of the VU-ad to the user. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the providing an incentive comprises at least one of: transferring virtual money to an account of the user; providing a promotional code to the user; adding an object to an inventory of the user; emailing a coupon to the user; and mailing a coupon to the user. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the obtaining and the presenting is provided by a service provider under a subscription and/or fee agreement and/or based on advertising content to one or more third parties. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a service provider at least one of creates, maintains, deploys and supports a computer infrastructure that performs at least one of the obtaining and the presenting. 9. A computer implemented method for providing customized advertising in a virtual universe, comprising: providing a program that defines a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad); presenting a first variation of the VU-ad to a first user based upon first tolerance data associated with the first user; and presenting a second variation of the VU-ad to a second user based upon second tolerance data associated with the second user, wherein the second variation is different from the first variation. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second tolerance data each includes at least one of: a measure of tolerance for advertising; a preferred type of advertisement; an indication of willingness to modify the tolerance for advertising in exchange for an incentive; a measure of a level of interest in a subject; and information regarding group behavior. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising providing an incentive to at least one of the first user and the second user. 12. The method of claim 9, comprising: providing a first incentive to the first user; and providing a second incentive, different from the first incentive, to the second user. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein: the first incentive is based upon a first level of disruption acceptable to the first user, the second incentive is based upon a second level of disruption acceptable to the second user, and the first level of disruption is relatively higher than the second level of disruption. 14. A method for advertising in a virtual universe, comprising: providing a computer infrastructure structured and arranged to: access a profile of a user upon the user triggering a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); determine from the profile a tolerance level for advertising; and present a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance level. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the computer infrastructure is further arranged to determine a preferred type of advertisement from the profile. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the variation of the VU-ad is based upon the tolerance level and the preferred type of advertisement. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the computer infrastructure is further arranged to determine, from the profile, an indication of willingness to change the tolerance level in exchange for an incentive. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the variation of the VU-ad is based upon the tolerance level and the indication of willingness to change the tolerance level. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein a service provider at least one of creates, maintains, deploys and supports the computer infrastructure. 20. A computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having a computer readable program embodied in the medium, wherein the computer readable program when executed on a computing device is operable to cause the computing device to: present a variation of a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) to a user upon triggering of the VU-ad by the user, wherein the variation is customized based upon a tolerance level of the user. 21. The computer program product of claim 20, wherein the variation is further based upon at least one of: a preferred type of advertisement, and an indication of willingness to change the tolerance level in exchange for an incentive. 22. The computer program product of claim 20, wherein the tolerance level is a default tolerance level assigned to the user. 23. A system, comprising: computing hardware and software structured and arranged to: obtain tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and present a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data, wherein the tolerance data is stored in a profile associated with the user, and the tolerance data is obtained from the user after the VU-ad is triggered.	The invention generally relates to systems and methods for advertising, and, more particularly, to systems and methods for triggering immersive advertising in a virtual universe. In an embodiment, a method includes: obtaining tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and presenting a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data.1. A computer implemented method, comprising: obtaining tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and presenting a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tolerance data is stored in a profile associated with the user. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the tolerance data is obtained from the user after the VU-ad is triggered. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein tolerance data includes at least one of: a measure of the user's tolerance for advertising; a preferred type of advertisement; and an indication of willingness to modify the tolerance for advertising in exchange for an incentive. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing an incentive to the user based upon the presenting the variation of the VU-ad to the user. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the providing an incentive comprises at least one of: transferring virtual money to an account of the user; providing a promotional code to the user; adding an object to an inventory of the user; emailing a coupon to the user; and mailing a coupon to the user. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the obtaining and the presenting is provided by a service provider under a subscription and/or fee agreement and/or based on advertising content to one or more third parties. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a service provider at least one of creates, maintains, deploys and supports a computer infrastructure that performs at least one of the obtaining and the presenting. 9. A computer implemented method for providing customized advertising in a virtual universe, comprising: providing a program that defines a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad); presenting a first variation of the VU-ad to a first user based upon first tolerance data associated with the first user; and presenting a second variation of the VU-ad to a second user based upon second tolerance data associated with the second user, wherein the second variation is different from the first variation. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second tolerance data each includes at least one of: a measure of tolerance for advertising; a preferred type of advertisement; an indication of willingness to modify the tolerance for advertising in exchange for an incentive; a measure of a level of interest in a subject; and information regarding group behavior. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising providing an incentive to at least one of the first user and the second user. 12. The method of claim 9, comprising: providing a first incentive to the first user; and providing a second incentive, different from the first incentive, to the second user. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein: the first incentive is based upon a first level of disruption acceptable to the first user, the second incentive is based upon a second level of disruption acceptable to the second user, and the first level of disruption is relatively higher than the second level of disruption. 14. A method for advertising in a virtual universe, comprising: providing a computer infrastructure structured and arranged to: access a profile of a user upon the user triggering a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); determine from the profile a tolerance level for advertising; and present a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance level. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the computer infrastructure is further arranged to determine a preferred type of advertisement from the profile. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the variation of the VU-ad is based upon the tolerance level and the preferred type of advertisement. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the computer infrastructure is further arranged to determine, from the profile, an indication of willingness to change the tolerance level in exchange for an incentive. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the variation of the VU-ad is based upon the tolerance level and the indication of willingness to change the tolerance level. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein a service provider at least one of creates, maintains, deploys and supports the computer infrastructure. 20. A computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having a computer readable program embodied in the medium, wherein the computer readable program when executed on a computing device is operable to cause the computing device to: present a variation of a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) to a user upon triggering of the VU-ad by the user, wherein the variation is customized based upon a tolerance level of the user. 21. The computer program product of claim 20, wherein the variation is further based upon at least one of: a preferred type of advertisement, and an indication of willingness to change the tolerance level in exchange for an incentive. 22. The computer program product of claim 20, wherein the tolerance level is a default tolerance level assigned to the user. 23. A system, comprising: computing hardware and software structured and arranged to: obtain tolerance data about a user who triggers a virtual universe advertisement (VU-ad) in a virtual universe (VU); and present a variation of the VU-ad to the user based upon the tolerance data, wherein the tolerance data is stored in a profile associated with the user, and the tolerance data is obtained from the user after the VU-ad is triggered.	3,600
12,925	12,925	13,690,115	3,624	A contact center includes a plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work and a plurality of agents servicing work items from the plurality of work item queues. The contact center further includes a self service system that is operable to harvest information related to customers from a context store, tailor a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information, and provide a self service interaction to the customer based on the tailored self service configuration.	1. A self service system in a contact center, comprising: a harvest module configured to harvest information related to customers; a tailor module configured to automatically tailor a self service configuration for a customer, based on the harvested information; and a service module configured to provide a self service interaction to the customer, based on the tailored self service configuration. 2. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module harvests information related to customers from a context store. 3. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module identifies patterns based on previous communication of the customer with the contact center. 4. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module harvests information about sentiment analysis following a customer interaction with the contact center. 5. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is configured to tailor the self service configuration of the customer for an agent matching to a language and accent of the customer. 6. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is configured to tailor a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 7. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is further configured to add a customized option in self service menu of the customer matching to last enquiry made by the customer. 8. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is further configured to shorten IVR tree for a customer to match requirement of the customer. 9. A computer-implemented method for automating self service experience for a customer in a contact center, the method comprising: harvesting information related to customers; tailoring a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information; and providing a customized self service interaction to the customer with the contact center based on the tailored self service configuration. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting comprises harvesting information related to customers from a context store. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting further comprises identifying patterns in communication of the customer with the contact center. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting comprises harvesting information about sentiment analysis following a customer interaction with the contact center. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the tailoring comprises tailoring the self service configuration of the customer for an agent matching to a language and accent of the customer. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the tailoring comprises tailoring a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 15. A contact center, comprising: a plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work; a plurality of agents servicing work items from the plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work; and a self service system operable to: harvest information related to customers from a context store; tailor a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information; and provide a self service interaction to the customer based on the tailored self service configuration. 16. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work comprises self service requests. 17. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is operable to harvest information related to customers from a context store. 18. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system s further operable to shorten IVR tree for a customer to match requirement of the customer. 19. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is further operable to tailor a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 20. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is further operable to add a customized option in self service menu of the customer matching to last enquiry made by the customer.	A contact center includes a plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work and a plurality of agents servicing work items from the plurality of work item queues. The contact center further includes a self service system that is operable to harvest information related to customers from a context store, tailor a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information, and provide a self service interaction to the customer based on the tailored self service configuration.1. A self service system in a contact center, comprising: a harvest module configured to harvest information related to customers; a tailor module configured to automatically tailor a self service configuration for a customer, based on the harvested information; and a service module configured to provide a self service interaction to the customer, based on the tailored self service configuration. 2. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module harvests information related to customers from a context store. 3. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module identifies patterns based on previous communication of the customer with the contact center. 4. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the harvest module harvests information about sentiment analysis following a customer interaction with the contact center. 5. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is configured to tailor the self service configuration of the customer for an agent matching to a language and accent of the customer. 6. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is configured to tailor a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 7. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is further configured to add a customized option in self service menu of the customer matching to last enquiry made by the customer. 8. The self service system of claim 1, wherein the tailor module is further configured to shorten IVR tree for a customer to match requirement of the customer. 9. A computer-implemented method for automating self service experience for a customer in a contact center, the method comprising: harvesting information related to customers; tailoring a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information; and providing a customized self service interaction to the customer with the contact center based on the tailored self service configuration. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting comprises harvesting information related to customers from a context store. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting further comprises identifying patterns in communication of the customer with the contact center. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the harvesting comprises harvesting information about sentiment analysis following a customer interaction with the contact center. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the tailoring comprises tailoring the self service configuration of the customer for an agent matching to a language and accent of the customer. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the tailoring comprises tailoring a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 15. A contact center, comprising: a plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work; a plurality of agents servicing work items from the plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work; and a self service system operable to: harvest information related to customers from a context store; tailor a self service configuration for a customer based on the harvested information; and provide a self service interaction to the customer based on the tailored self service configuration. 16. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the plurality of work item queues or repository of pending work comprises self service requests. 17. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is operable to harvest information related to customers from a context store. 18. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system s further operable to shorten IVR tree for a customer to match requirement of the customer. 19. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is further operable to tailor a higher priority match for the customer based on the previous resolved query. 20. The contact center of claim 15, wherein the self service system is further operable to add a customized option in self service menu of the customer matching to last enquiry made by the customer.	3,600
12,926	12,926	13,781,571	3,693	Methods, systems and articles of manufacture for allowing taxpayers to utilize mobile communication or communication devices such as smartphones and tablet devices to upload tax document images and process tax document images such that resulting recognized tax data is incorporated into an electronic tax return. Authentication data is generated and provided to the taxpayer to establishing a connection with an image processor, which provides recognized tax data to the on-line tax preparation application for incorporation into the electronic tax return. Authentication data may be embodied within a URL address to the image processor that is transmitted as a SMS message to the mobile communication or computing device or encoded within a QR code such that the mobile communication or computing device can be used to take an image of and decode the QR code to determine the URL address and authentication data to establish a connection with the image processor.	1. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application receiving a request from a first computing apparatus utilized by a taxpayer to access the on-line tax preparation application to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer providing authentication data to the taxpayer in response to the request, the authentication data being used by a second computing apparatus different than the first computing apparatus to acquire the image and transmit the image to an intermediate, second computer in communication with the first computer and the second computing apparatus; and the first computer receiving data comprising a result of image processing performed by the second computer. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the first computer populating at least one field of the electronic tax return with the received data. 3. The method of claim 1, the authentication data comprising an authentication token generated by the first computer in response to the request. 4. The method of claim 1, the authentication data being associated with restriction data, the restriction data indicating when the authentication data is valid and can be used to establish a connection between the second computing apparatus and the second computer for processing the image. 5. The method of claim 4, the restriction data comprising a time from when the authentication data was generated. 6. The method of claim 4, the restriction data comprising a number of times the authentication data can be utilized. 7. The method of claim 6, the authentication data comprising a single use token. 8. The method of claim 4, further comprising: the first computer receiving an electronic message from the second computer that the authentication data received by the second computer could not be utilized; and the first computer notifying the taxpayer that the authentication data was not valid or generating new authentication data for the taxpayer. 9. The method of claim 1, the authentication data being usable to image multiple tax documents during a single connection session between the second computing apparatus and the second computer. 10. The method of claim 1, the first computer generating respective authentication data for imaging respective individual tax documents. 11. The method of claim 1, the first computer transforming the authentication data into electronic data of a different format before providing the authentication data to the taxpayer. 12. The method of claim 11, the first computer initially presenting the electronic data of the different format to the taxpayer via a display of the first computing apparatus while the first computing apparatus is accessing the on-line tax preparation program. 13. The method of claim 11, the first computer transmitting the electronic data of the different format to the second computing apparatus. 14. The method of claim 11, the first computer encoding a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address embodying the authentication data into a Quick Response (QR) code. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein when the QR code is decoded by the second computing apparatus, the second computing apparatus is directed to the URL address of the second computer to begin a secure connection session between the second computing apparatus and the second computer using the authentication data and to allow the second computer to receive the image of the tax document transmitted from the second computing apparatus. 16. The method of claim 14, the QR code being initially displayed on a screen of the first computing apparatus such that the taxpayer can acquire an image of the displayed QR code utilizing an image element of the second computing apparatus. 17. The method of claim 11, the first computer: generating a SMS message comprising a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address embodying the authentication data; and transmitting the SMS message to the second computing apparatus. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the SMS message is not transmitted to the first computing apparatus utilized to access the on-line tax preparation program. 19. The method of claim 1, the first computing apparatus comprising a desktop computer, and the second computing apparatus comprising a mobile communication or computing device. 20. The method of claim 19, the mobile or computing device being a tablet or smartphone device. 21. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application, accessed by a browser executing on a first computing apparatus of the taxpayer and utilized to prepare the electronic tax return, and generating an authentication token for use by a different, second computing apparatus to transmit an image of a tax document to an intermediate, second computer in communication with the first computer and the second computing apparatus; and the first computer receiving data resulting from the second computer processing the image received from the second computing apparatus; and the first computer populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the received data. 22. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application and receiving a request from a desktop computer of a taxpayer to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer providing the authentication token to the taxpayer in response to the request, the authentication token being usable by a mobile communication or computing device of the taxpayer and operable by the taxpayer to acquire and transmit an image of the tax document to an intermediate, second computer; and the first computer receiving data resulting from processing of the image by the second computer and populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the received data. 23. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: an intermediate, second computer, in communication with a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application accessed by a first computing apparatus of a taxpayer to prepare the electronic tax return, receiving a request from a second computing apparatus different than the first computing apparatus to process an image of a tax document acquired by the second computing apparatus; the second computer receiving an authentication token from the second computing apparatus; the second computer establishing a secure connection session with the second computing apparatus based at least in part upon the authentication token, receiving the image of the tax document transmitted from the second computing apparatus and processing the image to determine tax data within the image; and the second computer transmitting the determined tax data to the first computer for populating of at least a portion of the electronic tax return. 24. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application receiving a request from a first computing apparatus utilized by a taxpayer to access the on-line tax preparation application to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer generating authentication data in response to the request; the first computer transmitting the authentication data to the first computing apparatus of the taxpayer; an intermediate, second computer, in communication with the first computer and a second computing apparatus of the taxpayer, receiving a request from the second computing apparatus to process an image of a tax document acquired by the second computing apparatus, the request comprising the authentication data; the second computer establishing a connection session with the second computing apparatus based at least in part upon the authentication data; the second computer receiving the image of the tax document acquired with and transmitted from the second computing apparatus; the second computer processing the image to determine tax data within the image; the second computer transmitting the determined tax data to the first computer; the first computer receiving the determined tax data from the second computer; the first computer populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the determined tax data. 25. A method for preparing an electronic tax return utilizing an on-line tax preparation application and an image of a tax document, the method comprising: utilizing a first computing apparatus executing a browser to access the on-line tax preparation program hosted by a first computer and beginning preparation of the electronic tax return; transmitting a request for entry of tax data into the electronic tax return by imaging a tax document, the request being generated by and transmitted from the first computing apparatus; receiving electronic data comprising a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address of an intermediate, second computer and embodying authentication data generated by the first computer; establishing a connection between a second computing apparatus and the second computer based at least in part upon the authentication data; acquiring an image of the tax document utilizing an imaging element of the second computing apparatus; transmitting the acquired image to the second computer; and viewing tax data of the image in the electronic tax return utilizing the first computing apparatus. 26. The method of claim 25, the electronic data comprising a QR code encoded with the URL address embodying the authentication data. 27. The method of claim 25, receiving the electronic data comprising viewing the QR code on a screen of the first computing apparatus, the method further comprising: positioning the second computing device relative to the first computing apparatus such that the electronic data displayed on the screen of the first computing apparatus is within view of an imaging element of the second computing device; acquiring an image of the displayed QR code utilizing the imaging element of the second computing device; and decoding the QR code utilizing the second computing apparatus to determine the URL address embodying the authentication data. 28. The method of claim 25, the electronic data comprising a SMS message. 29. The method of claim 28, the SMS message being received by the second computing apparatus but not the first computing apparatus. 30-55. (canceled)	Methods, systems and articles of manufacture for allowing taxpayers to utilize mobile communication or communication devices such as smartphones and tablet devices to upload tax document images and process tax document images such that resulting recognized tax data is incorporated into an electronic tax return. Authentication data is generated and provided to the taxpayer to establishing a connection with an image processor, which provides recognized tax data to the on-line tax preparation application for incorporation into the electronic tax return. Authentication data may be embodied within a URL address to the image processor that is transmitted as a SMS message to the mobile communication or computing device or encoded within a QR code such that the mobile communication or computing device can be used to take an image of and decode the QR code to determine the URL address and authentication data to establish a connection with the image processor.1. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application receiving a request from a first computing apparatus utilized by a taxpayer to access the on-line tax preparation application to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer providing authentication data to the taxpayer in response to the request, the authentication data being used by a second computing apparatus different than the first computing apparatus to acquire the image and transmit the image to an intermediate, second computer in communication with the first computer and the second computing apparatus; and the first computer receiving data comprising a result of image processing performed by the second computer. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the first computer populating at least one field of the electronic tax return with the received data. 3. The method of claim 1, the authentication data comprising an authentication token generated by the first computer in response to the request. 4. The method of claim 1, the authentication data being associated with restriction data, the restriction data indicating when the authentication data is valid and can be used to establish a connection between the second computing apparatus and the second computer for processing the image. 5. The method of claim 4, the restriction data comprising a time from when the authentication data was generated. 6. The method of claim 4, the restriction data comprising a number of times the authentication data can be utilized. 7. The method of claim 6, the authentication data comprising a single use token. 8. The method of claim 4, further comprising: the first computer receiving an electronic message from the second computer that the authentication data received by the second computer could not be utilized; and the first computer notifying the taxpayer that the authentication data was not valid or generating new authentication data for the taxpayer. 9. The method of claim 1, the authentication data being usable to image multiple tax documents during a single connection session between the second computing apparatus and the second computer. 10. The method of claim 1, the first computer generating respective authentication data for imaging respective individual tax documents. 11. The method of claim 1, the first computer transforming the authentication data into electronic data of a different format before providing the authentication data to the taxpayer. 12. The method of claim 11, the first computer initially presenting the electronic data of the different format to the taxpayer via a display of the first computing apparatus while the first computing apparatus is accessing the on-line tax preparation program. 13. The method of claim 11, the first computer transmitting the electronic data of the different format to the second computing apparatus. 14. The method of claim 11, the first computer encoding a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address embodying the authentication data into a Quick Response (QR) code. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein when the QR code is decoded by the second computing apparatus, the second computing apparatus is directed to the URL address of the second computer to begin a secure connection session between the second computing apparatus and the second computer using the authentication data and to allow the second computer to receive the image of the tax document transmitted from the second computing apparatus. 16. The method of claim 14, the QR code being initially displayed on a screen of the first computing apparatus such that the taxpayer can acquire an image of the displayed QR code utilizing an image element of the second computing apparatus. 17. The method of claim 11, the first computer: generating a SMS message comprising a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address embodying the authentication data; and transmitting the SMS message to the second computing apparatus. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the SMS message is not transmitted to the first computing apparatus utilized to access the on-line tax preparation program. 19. The method of claim 1, the first computing apparatus comprising a desktop computer, and the second computing apparatus comprising a mobile communication or computing device. 20. The method of claim 19, the mobile or computing device being a tablet or smartphone device. 21. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application, accessed by a browser executing on a first computing apparatus of the taxpayer and utilized to prepare the electronic tax return, and generating an authentication token for use by a different, second computing apparatus to transmit an image of a tax document to an intermediate, second computer in communication with the first computer and the second computing apparatus; and the first computer receiving data resulting from the second computer processing the image received from the second computing apparatus; and the first computer populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the received data. 22. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application and receiving a request from a desktop computer of a taxpayer to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer providing the authentication token to the taxpayer in response to the request, the authentication token being usable by a mobile communication or computing device of the taxpayer and operable by the taxpayer to acquire and transmit an image of the tax document to an intermediate, second computer; and the first computer receiving data resulting from processing of the image by the second computer and populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the received data. 23. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: an intermediate, second computer, in communication with a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application accessed by a first computing apparatus of a taxpayer to prepare the electronic tax return, receiving a request from a second computing apparatus different than the first computing apparatus to process an image of a tax document acquired by the second computing apparatus; the second computer receiving an authentication token from the second computing apparatus; the second computer establishing a secure connection session with the second computing apparatus based at least in part upon the authentication token, receiving the image of the tax document transmitted from the second computing apparatus and processing the image to determine tax data within the image; and the second computer transmitting the determined tax data to the first computer for populating of at least a portion of the electronic tax return. 24. A computer-implemented method for processing an image of a tax document, the method comprising: a first computer comprising an on-line tax preparation application receiving a request from a first computing apparatus utilized by a taxpayer to access the on-line tax preparation application to enter data into the electronic tax return by acquiring an image a tax document; the first computer generating authentication data in response to the request; the first computer transmitting the authentication data to the first computing apparatus of the taxpayer; an intermediate, second computer, in communication with the first computer and a second computing apparatus of the taxpayer, receiving a request from the second computing apparatus to process an image of a tax document acquired by the second computing apparatus, the request comprising the authentication data; the second computer establishing a connection session with the second computing apparatus based at least in part upon the authentication data; the second computer receiving the image of the tax document acquired with and transmitted from the second computing apparatus; the second computer processing the image to determine tax data within the image; the second computer transmitting the determined tax data to the first computer; the first computer receiving the determined tax data from the second computer; the first computer populating at least a portion of the electronic tax return with the determined tax data. 25. A method for preparing an electronic tax return utilizing an on-line tax preparation application and an image of a tax document, the method comprising: utilizing a first computing apparatus executing a browser to access the on-line tax preparation program hosted by a first computer and beginning preparation of the electronic tax return; transmitting a request for entry of tax data into the electronic tax return by imaging a tax document, the request being generated by and transmitted from the first computing apparatus; receiving electronic data comprising a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address of an intermediate, second computer and embodying authentication data generated by the first computer; establishing a connection between a second computing apparatus and the second computer based at least in part upon the authentication data; acquiring an image of the tax document utilizing an imaging element of the second computing apparatus; transmitting the acquired image to the second computer; and viewing tax data of the image in the electronic tax return utilizing the first computing apparatus. 26. The method of claim 25, the electronic data comprising a QR code encoded with the URL address embodying the authentication data. 27. The method of claim 25, receiving the electronic data comprising viewing the QR code on a screen of the first computing apparatus, the method further comprising: positioning the second computing device relative to the first computing apparatus such that the electronic data displayed on the screen of the first computing apparatus is within view of an imaging element of the second computing device; acquiring an image of the displayed QR code utilizing the imaging element of the second computing device; and decoding the QR code utilizing the second computing apparatus to determine the URL address embodying the authentication data. 28. The method of claim 25, the electronic data comprising a SMS message. 29. The method of claim 28, the SMS message being received by the second computing apparatus but not the first computing apparatus. 30-55. (canceled)	3,600
12,927	12,927	14,214,035	3,693	Methods and apparatuses for generating and operating a swaps execution facility (SEF) compliant swaps trading platform are provided. In one example, a method for generating a SEF compliant swaps trading platform includes: (i) generating a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; (ii) establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and (iii) establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests.	1. A computer-implemented method comprising: generating, by a processor, a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; establishing, by the processor, one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establishing, by the processor, one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining the one or more trade requests; and executing the one or more trade requests in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more clearinghouses, the clearinghouse information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers, the SDR information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein generating the swaps trading platform comprises embedding a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in the swaps trading platform. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5, further comprising: obtaining selection information selecting the selectable non-SEF compliant portal; and transitioning from the generated swaps trading platform to a non-SEF compliant swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable non-SEF compliant portal. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 9. An apparatus comprising: a swaps trading platform generation module configured to generate a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; and a communications module configured to: establish one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establish one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: the generated swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is operatively connected to the communications module and wherein the generated swaps trading platform comprises a trade execution module, the trade execution module configured to: obtain the one or more trade requests; and execute the one or more trade requests in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the communications module is further configured to transmit, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more clearinghouses, the clearinghouse information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the communications module is further configured to transmit, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers, the SDR information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the swaps trading platform generation module is further configured to embed a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in the swaps trading platform. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor to carry out a method comprising: generating a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 17. A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining, by a processor, one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); executing, by the processor, the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; communicating, by the processor, clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicating, by the processor, swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 20. An apparatus comprising: a trade request obtaining module configured to obtain one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); a trade request execution module operatively connected to the trade request obtaining module, wherein the trade request execution module is configured to execute the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; a communication module operatively connected to the trade request execution module, wherein the communication module is configured to: communicate clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicate swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 23. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor to carry out a method comprising: obtaining one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); executing the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; communicating clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicating swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 24. A computer-implemented method comprising: embedding, by a processor, a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in a first swaps trading platform, wherein the first swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; and embedding, by the processor, a selectable SEF compliant portal in a second swaps trading platform, wherein the second swaps trading platform is not configured to operate in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 25. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, further comprising: obtaining first selection information selecting the selectable non-SEF compliant portal from the first swaps trading platform; and transitioning, by the processor, from the first swaps trading platform to the second swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable non-SEF compliant portal. 26. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, further comprising: obtaining, by the processor, second selection information selecting the selectable SEF compliant portal from the second swaps trading platform; and transitioning, by the processor, from the second swaps trading platform to the first swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable SEF compliant portal. 27. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI).	Methods and apparatuses for generating and operating a swaps execution facility (SEF) compliant swaps trading platform are provided. In one example, a method for generating a SEF compliant swaps trading platform includes: (i) generating a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; (ii) establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and (iii) establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests.1. A computer-implemented method comprising: generating, by a processor, a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; establishing, by the processor, one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establishing, by the processor, one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining the one or more trade requests; and executing the one or more trade requests in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more clearinghouses, the clearinghouse information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers, the SDR information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein generating the swaps trading platform comprises embedding a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in the swaps trading platform. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5, further comprising: obtaining selection information selecting the selectable non-SEF compliant portal; and transitioning from the generated swaps trading platform to a non-SEF compliant swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable non-SEF compliant portal. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 9. An apparatus comprising: a swaps trading platform generation module configured to generate a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; and a communications module configured to: establish one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establish one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: the generated swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is operatively connected to the communications module and wherein the generated swaps trading platform comprises a trade execution module, the trade execution module configured to: obtain the one or more trade requests; and execute the one or more trade requests in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the communications module is further configured to transmit, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more clearinghouses, the clearinghouse information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the communications module is further configured to transmit, via the one or more communication channels with the respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers, the SDR information concerning the one or more executed trade requests. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the swaps trading platform generation module is further configured to embed a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in the swaps trading platform. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor to carry out a method comprising: generating a swaps trading platform, wherein the generated swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more clearinghouses for transmission of clearinghouse information concerning one or more trade requests; and establishing one or more communication channels with respective one or more swaps data repository (SDR) providers for transmission of SDR information concerning the one or more trade requests. 17. A computer-implemented method comprising: obtaining, by a processor, one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); executing, by the processor, the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; communicating, by the processor, clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicating, by the processor, swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 20. An apparatus comprising: a trade request obtaining module configured to obtain one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); a trade request execution module operatively connected to the trade request obtaining module, wherein the trade request execution module is configured to execute the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; a communication module operatively connected to the trade request execution module, wherein the communication module is configured to: communicate clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicate swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI). 22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the trade-type requiring execution in the SEF comprises at least one of: a non-deliverable forward; and a foreign exchange option. 23. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor to carry out a method comprising: obtaining one or more trade requests, wherein the one or more trade requests concern a trade-type requiring execution in a swaps execution facility (SEF); executing the one or more trade requests in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements; communicating clearinghouse information regarding the executed one or more trade requests with one or more clearinghouses; and communicating swaps data repository (SDR) information concerning the executed one or more trade requests with one or more SDR providers for storage in a SDR. 24. A computer-implemented method comprising: embedding, by a processor, a selectable non-SEF compliant portal in a first swaps trading platform, wherein the first swaps trading platform is configured to operate in accordance with a plurality of predefined rules associated with swaps execution facility (SEF) requirements; and embedding, by the processor, a selectable SEF compliant portal in a second swaps trading platform, wherein the second swaps trading platform is not configured to operate in accordance with the plurality of predefined rules associated with the SEF requirements. 25. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, further comprising: obtaining first selection information selecting the selectable non-SEF compliant portal from the first swaps trading platform; and transitioning, by the processor, from the first swaps trading platform to the second swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable non-SEF compliant portal. 26. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, further comprising: obtaining, by the processor, second selection information selecting the selectable SEF compliant portal from the second swaps trading platform; and transitioning, by the processor, from the second swaps trading platform to the first swaps trading platform based on the selection of the selectable SEF compliant portal. 27. The computer-implemented method of claim 24, wherein the plurality of predefined rules associated with SEF requirements are associated with at least one of the following: market snapshot at execution; mid-mark; counterparty legal entity identifier (LEI); and unique Swap identifier (USI).	3,600
12,928	12,928	11,870,144	3,621	According to some embodiments, a method comprises: storing, in a personalization token, information to personalize an identification token; issuing the personalization token to an account holder; and transmitting the information from the personalization token to the identification token using a wireless interface. According to some embodiments, apparatus comprises: a personalization token issued to an account holder, the personalization token comprising: information to personalize an identification token; and a wireless communication interface to transmit the information to the identification token.	1. A method for personalizing an identification token for use by a user, the method comprising: establishing a communication session between the identification token and a personalization token separately provided to the user, the personalization token storing personalization information for use in personalizing the identification token for use by a user; authenticating the personalization token to the identification token; transmitting the personalization information from the personalization token to the identification token to personalize the identification token for use by a user; and terminating the communication session between the identification token and the personalization token. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token has an outer surface that defines a card shaped body. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization information comprises at least one of: an account number, a name of a person associated with the account number, a payment account number, a program to be executed by the identification token, and authentication data. 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the information to personalize an identification token comprises information to personalize a proximity payment device. 8. (canceled) 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the communication session is a wireless communication session between an RE antenna of the identification token and an RF antenna of the personalization token. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token comprises an identification token. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token comprises a proximity payment device. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the identification token comprises an identification token supported by a housing of a cell phone. 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the identification token comprises an identification token supported by a housing of a wristwatch. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein storing in a personalization token comprises storing in a personalization token located at a first location and wherein transmitting the information from the personalization token comprises transmitting the information from the personalization token, with the personalization token located at a second location that is different than the first location. 15. A personalization token issued to an account holder, the personalization token comprising: a processor; a storage area, storing computer program code for execution by the processor and further storing personalization information; and a wireless communication interface, wherein the wireless communication interface is operable with the processor to establish a communication session between the personalization token and an identification token separately provided to the account holder, authenticate the personalization token to the identification token, and transmit the personalization information to the identification token to personalize the identification token for use by the account holder. 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token has an outer surface defining a card shaped body. 17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization information comprises at least one of: an account number, a name of a person associated with the account number, a payment account number, a program to be executed by the identification token, and authentication data. 18. (canceled) 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization information comprises information to personalize a proximity payment device. 22. (canceled) 23. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the wireless communication interface comprises an RF antenna. 24. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token comprises an identification token. 25. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token comprises a proximity payment device. 26. The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting, from the identification token to a remote issuer of the identification token, at least a portion of the personalization information to confirm the personalization. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the transmitting is performed at least in part over a wireless network. 28. An identification token issued to an account holder prior to personalization, the identification token comprising: a processor; a storage area, storing computer program code for execution by the processor; and a wireless communication interface, wherein the wireless communication interface is operable with the processor to establish a communication session between the identification token and a personalization token separately provided to the account holder, verify the authenticity of the personalization token, receive the personalization information from the personalization token, and use the personalization information to personalize the identification token for use by the account holder.	According to some embodiments, a method comprises: storing, in a personalization token, information to personalize an identification token; issuing the personalization token to an account holder; and transmitting the information from the personalization token to the identification token using a wireless interface. According to some embodiments, apparatus comprises: a personalization token issued to an account holder, the personalization token comprising: information to personalize an identification token; and a wireless communication interface to transmit the information to the identification token.1. A method for personalizing an identification token for use by a user, the method comprising: establishing a communication session between the identification token and a personalization token separately provided to the user, the personalization token storing personalization information for use in personalizing the identification token for use by a user; authenticating the personalization token to the identification token; transmitting the personalization information from the personalization token to the identification token to personalize the identification token for use by a user; and terminating the communication session between the identification token and the personalization token. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token has an outer surface that defines a card shaped body. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization information comprises at least one of: an account number, a name of a person associated with the account number, a payment account number, a program to be executed by the identification token, and authentication data. 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the information to personalize an identification token comprises information to personalize a proximity payment device. 8. (canceled) 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the communication session is a wireless communication session between an RE antenna of the identification token and an RF antenna of the personalization token. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token comprises an identification token. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the personalization token comprises a proximity payment device. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the identification token comprises an identification token supported by a housing of a cell phone. 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the identification token comprises an identification token supported by a housing of a wristwatch. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein storing in a personalization token comprises storing in a personalization token located at a first location and wherein transmitting the information from the personalization token comprises transmitting the information from the personalization token, with the personalization token located at a second location that is different than the first location. 15. A personalization token issued to an account holder, the personalization token comprising: a processor; a storage area, storing computer program code for execution by the processor and further storing personalization information; and a wireless communication interface, wherein the wireless communication interface is operable with the processor to establish a communication session between the personalization token and an identification token separately provided to the account holder, authenticate the personalization token to the identification token, and transmit the personalization information to the identification token to personalize the identification token for use by the account holder. 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token has an outer surface defining a card shaped body. 17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization information comprises at least one of: an account number, a name of a person associated with the account number, a payment account number, a program to be executed by the identification token, and authentication data. 18. (canceled) 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization information comprises information to personalize a proximity payment device. 22. (canceled) 23. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the wireless communication interface comprises an RF antenna. 24. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token comprises an identification token. 25. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the personalization token comprises a proximity payment device. 26. The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting, from the identification token to a remote issuer of the identification token, at least a portion of the personalization information to confirm the personalization. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the transmitting is performed at least in part over a wireless network. 28. An identification token issued to an account holder prior to personalization, the identification token comprising: a processor; a storage area, storing computer program code for execution by the processor; and a wireless communication interface, wherein the wireless communication interface is operable with the processor to establish a communication session between the identification token and a personalization token separately provided to the account holder, verify the authenticity of the personalization token, receive the personalization information from the personalization token, and use the personalization information to personalize the identification token for use by the account holder.	3,600
12,929	12,929	13,932,286	3,623	Techniques for storing information include making determinations whether to store data from a data source based at least in part on one or more reputation metrics calculated for an individual associated with the information. The scope of information collected about an individual is varied based on the individual's reputation and/or the reliability of the source of information, which may be a social network system or other data source.	1. A method for dynamically managing an amount of provenance data collected for employees of an enterprise, the method comprising: maintaining a reputation score for an employee of the enterprise, the reputation score comprising an indication of a risk associated with the employee; detecting a change in the reputation score for the employee; and changing a scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee based on detecting the change in the reputation score for the employee when the detected change exceeds a threshold amount of change. 2. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises increasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee increases and decreasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee decreases. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises modifying one or more aspects of storing data related to the employee in a reputation database. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more conditions for storing data related to the employee in a reputation database and one or more sources of the data related to the employee. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more sources of data related to the employee. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee comprises: obtaining information associated with the employee from each of a plurality of data sources, wherein the plurality of data sources include at least one data source internal to the enterprise and at least one data source external to the enterprise; performing a semantic analysis on the obtained information; calculating a trustworthiness score for the obtained information, the trustworthiness score indicating whether the source of the obtained information is likely to be associated with the employee; obtaining the reputation score for the employee; and determining whether to store the obtained information based at least in part on the semantic analysis, the trustworthiness score, and the reputation score. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee further comprises: obtaining authorization information, the authorization information used to obtain the information associated with the employee from each of the plurality of data sources; generating one or more keys using the authorization information; encrypting the obtained information about the employee using the generated one or more keys; and storing the encrypted obtained information about the employee. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the trustworthiness score is related to one or more of the source of information, the author of the information, or the reputation of the source or the author of the information. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising mapping one or more reputation scores to a single trustworthiness score. 10. The method of claim 7, further comprising storing the trustworthiness score with the stored information and as part of the provenance information for use in further analysis. 11. A system comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled with and readable by the processor and storing therein a set of instructions which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to dynamically manage an amount of provenance data collected for employees of an enterprise by: maintaining a reputation score for an employee of the enterprise, the reputation score comprising an indication of a risk associated with the employee; detecting a change in the reputation score for the employee; and changing a scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee based on detecting the change in the reputation score for the employee when the detected change exceeds a threshold amount of change. 12. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises increasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee increases and decreasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee decreases. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises modifying one or more aspects of storing data related to the employee in a reputation database. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more conditions for storing data related to the employee in a reputation database and one or more sources of the data related to the employee. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more sources of data related to the employee. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee comprises: obtaining information associated with the employee from each of a plurality of data sources, wherein the plurality of data sources include at least one data source internal to the enterprise and at least one data source external to the enterprise; performing a semantic analysis on the obtained information; calculating a trustworthiness score for the obtained information, the trustworthiness score indicating whether the source of the obtained information is likely to be associated with the employee; obtaining the reputation score for the employee; and determining whether to store the obtained information based at least in part on the semantic analysis, the trustworthiness score, and the reputation score. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee further comprises: obtaining authorization information, the authorization information used to obtain the information associated with the employee from each of the plurality of data sources; generating one or more keys using the authorization information; encrypting the obtained information about the employee using the generated one or more keys; and storing the encrypted obtained information about the employee. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the trustworthiness score is related to one or more of the source of information, the author of the information, or the reputation of the source or the author of the information. 19. The system of claim 17, further comprising mapping one or more reputation scores to a single trustworthiness score. 20. The system of claim 17, further comprising storing the trustworthiness score with the stored information and as part of the provenance information for use in further analysis.	Techniques for storing information include making determinations whether to store data from a data source based at least in part on one or more reputation metrics calculated for an individual associated with the information. The scope of information collected about an individual is varied based on the individual's reputation and/or the reliability of the source of information, which may be a social network system or other data source.1. A method for dynamically managing an amount of provenance data collected for employees of an enterprise, the method comprising: maintaining a reputation score for an employee of the enterprise, the reputation score comprising an indication of a risk associated with the employee; detecting a change in the reputation score for the employee; and changing a scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee based on detecting the change in the reputation score for the employee when the detected change exceeds a threshold amount of change. 2. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises increasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee increases and decreasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee decreases. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises modifying one or more aspects of storing data related to the employee in a reputation database. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more conditions for storing data related to the employee in a reputation database and one or more sources of the data related to the employee. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more sources of data related to the employee. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee comprises: obtaining information associated with the employee from each of a plurality of data sources, wherein the plurality of data sources include at least one data source internal to the enterprise and at least one data source external to the enterprise; performing a semantic analysis on the obtained information; calculating a trustworthiness score for the obtained information, the trustworthiness score indicating whether the source of the obtained information is likely to be associated with the employee; obtaining the reputation score for the employee; and determining whether to store the obtained information based at least in part on the semantic analysis, the trustworthiness score, and the reputation score. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee further comprises: obtaining authorization information, the authorization information used to obtain the information associated with the employee from each of the plurality of data sources; generating one or more keys using the authorization information; encrypting the obtained information about the employee using the generated one or more keys; and storing the encrypted obtained information about the employee. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the trustworthiness score is related to one or more of the source of information, the author of the information, or the reputation of the source or the author of the information. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising mapping one or more reputation scores to a single trustworthiness score. 10. The method of claim 7, further comprising storing the trustworthiness score with the stored information and as part of the provenance information for use in further analysis. 11. A system comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled with and readable by the processor and storing therein a set of instructions which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to dynamically manage an amount of provenance data collected for employees of an enterprise by: maintaining a reputation score for an employee of the enterprise, the reputation score comprising an indication of a risk associated with the employee; detecting a change in the reputation score for the employee; and changing a scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee based on detecting the change in the reputation score for the employee when the detected change exceeds a threshold amount of change. 12. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises increasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee increases and decreasing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee when the reputation score for the employee decreases. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises modifying one or more aspects of storing data related to the employee in a reputation database. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more conditions for storing data related to the employee in a reputation database and one or more sources of the data related to the employee. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein changing the scope of the set of provenance data collected for the employee comprises changing one or more sources of data related to the employee. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee comprises: obtaining information associated with the employee from each of a plurality of data sources, wherein the plurality of data sources include at least one data source internal to the enterprise and at least one data source external to the enterprise; performing a semantic analysis on the obtained information; calculating a trustworthiness score for the obtained information, the trustworthiness score indicating whether the source of the obtained information is likely to be associated with the employee; obtaining the reputation score for the employee; and determining whether to store the obtained information based at least in part on the semantic analysis, the trustworthiness score, and the reputation score. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein maintaining the reputation score for the employee further comprises: obtaining authorization information, the authorization information used to obtain the information associated with the employee from each of the plurality of data sources; generating one or more keys using the authorization information; encrypting the obtained information about the employee using the generated one or more keys; and storing the encrypted obtained information about the employee. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the trustworthiness score is related to one or more of the source of information, the author of the information, or the reputation of the source or the author of the information. 19. The system of claim 17, further comprising mapping one or more reputation scores to a single trustworthiness score. 20. The system of claim 17, further comprising storing the trustworthiness score with the stored information and as part of the provenance information for use in further analysis.	3,600
12,930	12,930	13,677,062	3,629	Techniques to allow a social networking system to facilitate management of relationships between service providers and users of the social networking system. In one embodiment, information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider may be maintained. A request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider may be received. The information regarding eligibility of the user may be provided to the service provider. Provision of the information regarding eligibility of the user may be performed before at least a portion of the offering is provided by the service provider to the user.	1. A computer implemented method comprising: maintaining, by a computer system, information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving, by the computer system, a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing, by the computer system, the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed before at least a portion of the offering is provided to the user. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed periodically. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising tracking a level of consumption by the user of the offering. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising determining that the level of consumption has satisfied a threshold. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising requesting the user to upgrade an account with the service provider. 7. The method of claim 5, further comprising providing a promotion to the user based on the level of consumption by the user. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the promotion includes at least one of an email, a story, a badge, and a reference. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving information about selection by the user of the offering. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering includes a subscription. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering includes charitable services. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering is associated with services not provided to the user for consumption. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the service provider provides at least one of music, content, and games. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving payment information of the user for the offering. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising maintaining payment information of the user for the offering. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a requested change regarding terms of a subscription of the user. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed by a social networking system. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a notification for the user to install an application of the service provider on a mobile computing device. 19. A computer-storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause a computer system to perform a computer-implemented method comprising: maintaining information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider. 20. A system comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions configured to instruct the at least one processor to perform: maintaining information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider.	Techniques to allow a social networking system to facilitate management of relationships between service providers and users of the social networking system. In one embodiment, information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider may be maintained. A request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider may be received. The information regarding eligibility of the user may be provided to the service provider. Provision of the information regarding eligibility of the user may be performed before at least a portion of the offering is provided by the service provider to the user.1. A computer implemented method comprising: maintaining, by a computer system, information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving, by the computer system, a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing, by the computer system, the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed before at least a portion of the offering is provided to the user. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed periodically. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising tracking a level of consumption by the user of the offering. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising determining that the level of consumption has satisfied a threshold. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising requesting the user to upgrade an account with the service provider. 7. The method of claim 5, further comprising providing a promotion to the user based on the level of consumption by the user. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the promotion includes at least one of an email, a story, a badge, and a reference. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving information about selection by the user of the offering. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering includes a subscription. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering includes charitable services. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the offering is associated with services not provided to the user for consumption. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the service provider provides at least one of music, content, and games. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving payment information of the user for the offering. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising maintaining payment information of the user for the offering. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a requested change regarding terms of a subscription of the user. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing is performed by a social networking system. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a notification for the user to install an application of the service provider on a mobile computing device. 19. A computer-storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause a computer system to perform a computer-implemented method comprising: maintaining information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider. 20. A system comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions configured to instruct the at least one processor to perform: maintaining information regarding eligibility of a user to receive an offering of a service provider; receiving a request for the information regarding eligibility of the user from the service provider; and providing the information regarding eligibility of the user to the service provider.	3,600
12,931	12,931	14,056,152	3,626	The invention concerns a system, method, apparatus, and computer readable medium for promoting a healthier life style of a subject. The method includes the steps of detecting a triggering event relating to a subject, reviewing a user profile associated with the subject which includes information relating to the subject, searching a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments and selecting appropriate text fragments based in part on the specific user profile of the particular subject, and sending the text fragments selected to a coach for forwarding to the subject, review, or amendment.	1. A method for promoting a healthy lifestyle to a subject, comprising: detecting, using a computing resource, data corresponding to objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; reviewing, using the computing resource, a user profile associated with the subject, wherein the user profile includes at least one modifiable psychological construct and behavior data associated with the subject, wherein the behavior data corresponds to at least one of the object behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; searching, using the computing resource, a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments; selecting, using the computing resource, at least one of the text fragments based at least in part on at least the user profile of the subject reviewed in the reviewing step; sending, using the computing resource, at least one of the text fragments selected in the selecting step to a client device associated with a coach for review, amendment, or forwarding to a client device associated with the subject. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising updating, using the computing resource, the user profile by storing the data corresponding to the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject detected in the detecting step. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining, using the computing resource, whether the selected text fragment has already been used for the subject. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising delivering, using the computing resource, a message to the client device associated with the subject based on the at least one text fragment selected. 5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising receiving, using the computing resource, at least one of a response from the client device associated with the subject and an indication that the subject has logged into the client device associated with the subject. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the response received from the client device associated with the subject includes a text, and the method further comprises: categorizing, using the computing resource, the response received from the client device associated with the subject using an analysis of the text, wherein a plurality of category labels are computed for each response received from the client device associated with the subject; and establishing, using the computing resource, a personalized response message to each response received from the subject, wherein the personalized response message comprises elements that are related to coaching content associated with the category labels. 7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising storing, using the computing resource, the response received in the receiving step in the user profile for future use. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising receiving, using the computing resource, updated psychological constructs from the client device associated with the subject and updating the user profile based on the updated psychological constructs received. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting step includes estimating, using the computing resource, a likelihood of success for at least one of a plurality of psychological influence strategies based at least in part on at least one response received from the subject, wherein the psychological influence strategies include authority, consensus, scarcity, and commitment, and wherein the estimation is based on at least one of meta-judgment data or actual behavior monitored using sensing technologies. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the selecting step is based at least in part on the estimates of the likelihood of success and the certainty of the estimates. 11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving, using the computing resource, data, including a geographical location of a mobile device associated with the subject and subject activity corresponding to the geographical location, from the mobile device associated with the subject; and sending, using the computing resource, the personalized message to the mobile device based on the geographical location of the subject. 12. A system for promoting a healthy lifestyle to a subject, the system comprising: a processor; and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor cause the system to: detect data corresponding to objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; review a user profile associated with the subject, wherein the user profile includes at least one modifiable psychological construct and behavior data associated with the subject, wherein the behavior data corresponds to at least one of the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; search a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments; select at least one of the text fragments based at least in part on at least the user profile of the subject reviewed; send at least one of the text fragments selected to a client device associate with a coach for review, amendment, or forwarding to a client device associated with the subject. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to update the user profile by storing the data corresponding to the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject detected. 14. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to determine whether the selected text fragment has already been used for the subject. 15. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to deliver a message to the client device associated with the subject based at least on the at least one text fragment selected. 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to receive at least one of a response from the client device associated with the subject and an indication that the subject has logged into the client device associated with the subject. 17. The system according to claim 16, wherein the response received from the client device associated with the subject includes a text, and wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to: categorize the response received from the client device associated with the subject using an analysis of the text, wherein a plurality of category labels are computed for each response received from the client device associated with the subject; and establish a personalized response message to each response received from the subject, wherein the personalized response message comprises elements that are related to coaching content associated with the category labels. 18. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to receive updated psychological constructs from the client device associated with the subject and update the user profile based on the updated psychological constructs received. 19. The system according to claim 12, wherein the at least one text fragment is selected based at least on a likelihood of success for at least one of a plurality of psychological influence strategies based at least in part on at least one response received from the subject, wherein the psychological influence strategies include authority, consensus, scarcity, and commitment, and wherein the estimation is based on at least one of meta-judgment data or actual behavior monitored using sensing technologies. 20. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to: receive data, including a geographical location of a mobile device associated with the subject and subject activity corresponding to the geographical location, from the mobile device associated with the subject; and send the personalized message to the mobile device based on the geographical location of the subject.	The invention concerns a system, method, apparatus, and computer readable medium for promoting a healthier life style of a subject. The method includes the steps of detecting a triggering event relating to a subject, reviewing a user profile associated with the subject which includes information relating to the subject, searching a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments and selecting appropriate text fragments based in part on the specific user profile of the particular subject, and sending the text fragments selected to a coach for forwarding to the subject, review, or amendment.1. A method for promoting a healthy lifestyle to a subject, comprising: detecting, using a computing resource, data corresponding to objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; reviewing, using the computing resource, a user profile associated with the subject, wherein the user profile includes at least one modifiable psychological construct and behavior data associated with the subject, wherein the behavior data corresponds to at least one of the object behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; searching, using the computing resource, a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments; selecting, using the computing resource, at least one of the text fragments based at least in part on at least the user profile of the subject reviewed in the reviewing step; sending, using the computing resource, at least one of the text fragments selected in the selecting step to a client device associated with a coach for review, amendment, or forwarding to a client device associated with the subject. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising updating, using the computing resource, the user profile by storing the data corresponding to the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject detected in the detecting step. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining, using the computing resource, whether the selected text fragment has already been used for the subject. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising delivering, using the computing resource, a message to the client device associated with the subject based on the at least one text fragment selected. 5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising receiving, using the computing resource, at least one of a response from the client device associated with the subject and an indication that the subject has logged into the client device associated with the subject. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the response received from the client device associated with the subject includes a text, and the method further comprises: categorizing, using the computing resource, the response received from the client device associated with the subject using an analysis of the text, wherein a plurality of category labels are computed for each response received from the client device associated with the subject; and establishing, using the computing resource, a personalized response message to each response received from the subject, wherein the personalized response message comprises elements that are related to coaching content associated with the category labels. 7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising storing, using the computing resource, the response received in the receiving step in the user profile for future use. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising receiving, using the computing resource, updated psychological constructs from the client device associated with the subject and updating the user profile based on the updated psychological constructs received. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting step includes estimating, using the computing resource, a likelihood of success for at least one of a plurality of psychological influence strategies based at least in part on at least one response received from the subject, wherein the psychological influence strategies include authority, consensus, scarcity, and commitment, and wherein the estimation is based on at least one of meta-judgment data or actual behavior monitored using sensing technologies. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the selecting step is based at least in part on the estimates of the likelihood of success and the certainty of the estimates. 11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving, using the computing resource, data, including a geographical location of a mobile device associated with the subject and subject activity corresponding to the geographical location, from the mobile device associated with the subject; and sending, using the computing resource, the personalized message to the mobile device based on the geographical location of the subject. 12. A system for promoting a healthy lifestyle to a subject, the system comprising: a processor; and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor cause the system to: detect data corresponding to objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; review a user profile associated with the subject, wherein the user profile includes at least one modifiable psychological construct and behavior data associated with the subject, wherein the behavior data corresponds to at least one of the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject; search a text fragment database including a collection of text fragments; select at least one of the text fragments based at least in part on at least the user profile of the subject reviewed; send at least one of the text fragments selected to a client device associate with a coach for review, amendment, or forwarding to a client device associated with the subject. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to update the user profile by storing the data corresponding to the objective behavior, current behavior, or activity of the subject detected. 14. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to determine whether the selected text fragment has already been used for the subject. 15. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to deliver a message to the client device associated with the subject based at least on the at least one text fragment selected. 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to receive at least one of a response from the client device associated with the subject and an indication that the subject has logged into the client device associated with the subject. 17. The system according to claim 16, wherein the response received from the client device associated with the subject includes a text, and wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to: categorize the response received from the client device associated with the subject using an analysis of the text, wherein a plurality of category labels are computed for each response received from the client device associated with the subject; and establish a personalized response message to each response received from the subject, wherein the personalized response message comprises elements that are related to coaching content associated with the category labels. 18. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to receive updated psychological constructs from the client device associated with the subject and update the user profile based on the updated psychological constructs received. 19. The system according to claim 12, wherein the at least one text fragment is selected based at least on a likelihood of success for at least one of a plurality of psychological influence strategies based at least in part on at least one response received from the subject, wherein the psychological influence strategies include authority, consensus, scarcity, and commitment, and wherein the estimation is based on at least one of meta-judgment data or actual behavior monitored using sensing technologies. 20. The system according to claim 12, wherein the instructions when executed by the processor further cause the system to: receive data, including a geographical location of a mobile device associated with the subject and subject activity corresponding to the geographical location, from the mobile device associated with the subject; and send the personalized message to the mobile device based on the geographical location of the subject.	3,600
12,932	12,932	14,585,107	3,684	In various example embodiments, a system and method for buy through transactions are presented. In an example embodiment, buy through listings for desired products are created by buyers. The buy through listings specify buyer product criteria, which may include product information of the desired products, geographic location information of the desired products, a requested delivery date for the desired products, and pricing information for the desired products. Potential sellers who provide seller purchase criteria may be activated as buy through sellers. The seller purchase criteria may include geographic location information of sellers, product category information related to products the sellers are willing to acquire from third parties, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of the products the sellers are interested in acquiring. The active sellers are provided access to matching buy through listings to bid on.	1. A system, comprising: at least one processor configured to perform operations for processor-implemented modules including: a buyer listing module configured to: receive buyer information specifying buyer product criteria to create buy through listings for selected products of buyers, the buyer product criteria including product information of the selected products, geographic location information of the selected products, a requested delivery date for the selected products, and pricing information for the selected products; a seller activation module configured to: receive seller information specifying seller purchase criteria related to a potential buy through transaction, the seller purchase criteria including geographic location information of sellers, product category information related to products the sellers are willing to acquire from third parties for the potential buy through transactions, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of products the sellers are interested in acquiring for the potential buy through transactions; and a matching module configured to: provide access to the buy through listings to the sellers who have seller purchase criteria matching the buyer product criteria. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to: receive at least one bid for one of the buy through listings; after an expiration of an auction duration period for the one of the buy through listings, receive, from a buyer of the one of the buy through listings, an acceptance of one of the at least one bid; and create a buy through transaction record. 3. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to: receive a first seller commitment bid for one of the buy through listings; and automatically create a buy through transaction record. 4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to create a buy through transaction record associated with a buy through transaction between a buyer and a seller; a dispute module configured to: receive a seller dispute notification from the seller related to the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification indicating the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms of the buy through transaction; and send the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, or cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a new buy through transaction with a different seller. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the buyer product criteria includes the product information representing a selected product not currently available for online purchase by the buyers based on current product listings on an e-commerce site, geographic location information representing a non-local region where the selected products are sold, and pricing information for the selected product. 6. A method comprising: providing display information to present a buy through user interface to a buyer to create a buy through listing; receiving buyer information specifying buyer product criteria to create the buy through listing, the buyer product criteria including product information, geographic location information, a requested delivery date, and pricing information, the product information representing a selected product not currently available for online purchase by the buyer based on current product listings on an e-commerce site, geographic location information representing a non-local region where the selected product is sold, and pricing information representing a desired buying price; matching, using a processor of a machine, the buy through listing with seller purchase criteria from active sellers, the seller purchase criteria including geographic location information of the active sellers; and providing access to the matching buy through listing to the active sellers. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing; receiving a buyer's acceptance for one of the seller bids; and creating a buy through transaction record. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein providing access to the buy through listing to the active sellers further comprises: providing notification to the active sellers matching the buy through listing. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein providing access to the buy through listing to active sellers further comprises: receiving search criteria for buy through listings from one of the active sellers; searching based on the geographic location of the selected product and the active sellers; and providing search results for the buy through listing if the search criteria matches the buyer product criteria specified in the buy through listing. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the seller purchase criteria includes seller location information representing an address where the seller is located and a radius from the address within which the seller is willing to acquire products from a third party for the buy through listing. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing further comprises receiving a first seller commitment bid; and wherein creating the buy through transaction record further comprises automatically creating the buy through transaction record when the first seller bid is received. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing further comprises receiving multiple seller bids for the buy through listing; and wherein receiving a buyer's acceptance for one of the seller bids further comprises receiving the buyer's acceptance of one of seller bids after an expiration of the auction duration period for the buy through listing. 13. The method of claim 6, wherein pricing information representing a desired buying price includes a breakdown of pricing by at least: product cost, service cost, and shipping cost. 14. The method of claim 7, further comprising: receiving a seller dispute notification, the seller dispute notification indicating that the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms of a buy through transaction related to the buy through transaction record; and sending the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, or cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a new buy through transaction with a different seller. 15. A non-transitory machine readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor of a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: providing display information to present a buy through user interface to a seller to activate the seller as a buy through seller; receiving seller information specifying seller purchase criteria related to a potential buy through transaction, the seller purchase criteria including a geographic location information of the seller, product category information related to products the seller is willing to acquire, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of the products the seller is willing to acquire; and activating the seller as the buy through seller, wherein the active seller is provided access to buy through listings matching the seller purchase criteria, the buy through listings specifying selected products not currently available for purchase on an e-commerce site. 16. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations of receiving seller information further comprise: receiving the seller purchase criteria including the seller location information representing an address where the seller is located and a radius from the address within which the seller is willing to acquire the selected products from a third party for the buy through listings. 17. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving a first seller commitment bid; and automatically creating a buy through transaction record upon receipt of the first seller commitment bid. 18. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving an auction bid from the seller; receiving an acceptance from the buyer of the auction bid; and creating a buy through transaction record. 19. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving a seller dispute notification, the seller dispute notification indicating that the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms in a buy through transaction associated with the buy through transaction record; and sending the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a second buy through transaction with a second seller. 20. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 18, wherein the operation of receiving the auction bid from the seller further comprises: receiving pricing information for the selected product including a breakdown of pricing by at least: product cost, service cost, and shipping cost.	In various example embodiments, a system and method for buy through transactions are presented. In an example embodiment, buy through listings for desired products are created by buyers. The buy through listings specify buyer product criteria, which may include product information of the desired products, geographic location information of the desired products, a requested delivery date for the desired products, and pricing information for the desired products. Potential sellers who provide seller purchase criteria may be activated as buy through sellers. The seller purchase criteria may include geographic location information of sellers, product category information related to products the sellers are willing to acquire from third parties, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of the products the sellers are interested in acquiring. The active sellers are provided access to matching buy through listings to bid on.1. A system, comprising: at least one processor configured to perform operations for processor-implemented modules including: a buyer listing module configured to: receive buyer information specifying buyer product criteria to create buy through listings for selected products of buyers, the buyer product criteria including product information of the selected products, geographic location information of the selected products, a requested delivery date for the selected products, and pricing information for the selected products; a seller activation module configured to: receive seller information specifying seller purchase criteria related to a potential buy through transaction, the seller purchase criteria including geographic location information of sellers, product category information related to products the sellers are willing to acquire from third parties for the potential buy through transactions, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of products the sellers are interested in acquiring for the potential buy through transactions; and a matching module configured to: provide access to the buy through listings to the sellers who have seller purchase criteria matching the buyer product criteria. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to: receive at least one bid for one of the buy through listings; after an expiration of an auction duration period for the one of the buy through listings, receive, from a buyer of the one of the buy through listings, an acceptance of one of the at least one bid; and create a buy through transaction record. 3. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to: receive a first seller commitment bid for one of the buy through listings; and automatically create a buy through transaction record. 4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a transaction module configured to create a buy through transaction record associated with a buy through transaction between a buyer and a seller; a dispute module configured to: receive a seller dispute notification from the seller related to the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification indicating the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms of the buy through transaction; and send the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, or cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a new buy through transaction with a different seller. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the buyer product criteria includes the product information representing a selected product not currently available for online purchase by the buyers based on current product listings on an e-commerce site, geographic location information representing a non-local region where the selected products are sold, and pricing information for the selected product. 6. A method comprising: providing display information to present a buy through user interface to a buyer to create a buy through listing; receiving buyer information specifying buyer product criteria to create the buy through listing, the buyer product criteria including product information, geographic location information, a requested delivery date, and pricing information, the product information representing a selected product not currently available for online purchase by the buyer based on current product listings on an e-commerce site, geographic location information representing a non-local region where the selected product is sold, and pricing information representing a desired buying price; matching, using a processor of a machine, the buy through listing with seller purchase criteria from active sellers, the seller purchase criteria including geographic location information of the active sellers; and providing access to the matching buy through listing to the active sellers. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing; receiving a buyer's acceptance for one of the seller bids; and creating a buy through transaction record. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein providing access to the buy through listing to the active sellers further comprises: providing notification to the active sellers matching the buy through listing. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein providing access to the buy through listing to active sellers further comprises: receiving search criteria for buy through listings from one of the active sellers; searching based on the geographic location of the selected product and the active sellers; and providing search results for the buy through listing if the search criteria matches the buyer product criteria specified in the buy through listing. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the seller purchase criteria includes seller location information representing an address where the seller is located and a radius from the address within which the seller is willing to acquire products from a third party for the buy through listing. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing further comprises receiving a first seller commitment bid; and wherein creating the buy through transaction record further comprises automatically creating the buy through transaction record when the first seller bid is received. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein receiving at least one seller bid for the buy through listing further comprises receiving multiple seller bids for the buy through listing; and wherein receiving a buyer's acceptance for one of the seller bids further comprises receiving the buyer's acceptance of one of seller bids after an expiration of the auction duration period for the buy through listing. 13. The method of claim 6, wherein pricing information representing a desired buying price includes a breakdown of pricing by at least: product cost, service cost, and shipping cost. 14. The method of claim 7, further comprising: receiving a seller dispute notification, the seller dispute notification indicating that the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms of a buy through transaction related to the buy through transaction record; and sending the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, or cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a new buy through transaction with a different seller. 15. A non-transitory machine readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor of a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: providing display information to present a buy through user interface to a seller to activate the seller as a buy through seller; receiving seller information specifying seller purchase criteria related to a potential buy through transaction, the seller purchase criteria including a geographic location information of the seller, product category information related to products the seller is willing to acquire, and pricing information related to interested price ranges of the products the seller is willing to acquire; and activating the seller as the buy through seller, wherein the active seller is provided access to buy through listings matching the seller purchase criteria, the buy through listings specifying selected products not currently available for purchase on an e-commerce site. 16. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations of receiving seller information further comprise: receiving the seller purchase criteria including the seller location information representing an address where the seller is located and a radius from the address within which the seller is willing to acquire the selected products from a third party for the buy through listings. 17. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving a first seller commitment bid; and automatically creating a buy through transaction record upon receipt of the first seller commitment bid. 18. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving an auction bid from the seller; receiving an acceptance from the buyer of the auction bid; and creating a buy through transaction record. 19. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving a seller dispute notification, the seller dispute notification indicating that the seller is unable to acquire the selected product in accordance with terms in a buy through transaction associated with the buy through transaction record; and sending the seller dispute notification to the buyer of the buy through transaction, the seller dispute notification including at least one of the following options for the buyer to select from: accept a delayed delivery date, cancel the buy through transaction, cancel the buy through transaction and enter into a second buy through transaction with a second seller. 20. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 18, wherein the operation of receiving the auction bid from the seller further comprises: receiving pricing information for the selected product including a breakdown of pricing by at least: product cost, service cost, and shipping cost.	3,600
12,933	12,933	13,889,283	3,623	A system and method for managing workflow including the ability to manage system-level workflow strategy, manage individual workflow activity, and provide suggestions to optimize individual workflow activity, is provided. The system may provide suggestions to workers based on their schedules and activities that the workers have to perform. Users of the system may configure the criteria used in determining which suggestions to provide to workers. The system may refine the suggestions provided to workers based on feedback received regarding the suggestions previously provided.	1. A system for determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the system comprising: a non-transitory electronic storage configured to: store information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and one or more physical processors configured to execute computer program instructions, comprising: a suggestion management component configured to: determine a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of a previous execution of the first suggested activity; and an activity management component configured to: output, to the first worker, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; output, to the first worker, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 4. (canceled) 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: provide a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer; wherein the suggestion management component is configured to: calculate a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculate a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prepare a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer, and the second suggested activity is determined by the suggestion management component. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the suggestion management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker; compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 11. A method for determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the method being implemented in a computer system comprising one or more physical processors configured to execute computer program instructions, the method comprising: storing, by the one or more physical processors, information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and determining by the one or more physical processors, a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that represents learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of previous execution of the first suggested activity; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 14. (canceled) 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing, by the one or more physical processors, a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: prompting, by the one or more physical processors, the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising: prompting, by the one or more physical processors, the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer, the method further comprising: calculating, by the one or more physical processors, a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculating, by the one or more physical processors, a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: preparing, by the one or more physical processors, a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker, compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 21. A non-transitory electronic storage media storing information related to determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the stored information comprising: information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and instructions configured to cause a client computing device to: determine a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that represents learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of a previous execution of the first suggested activity; and output, to the first worker, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; output, to the first worker, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 22. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 23. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 24. (canceled) 25. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: provide a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 26. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 27. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 28. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer, and wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: calculate a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculate a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and output, to the first worker, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 29. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prepare a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer. 30. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker; compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 31. The system of claim 2, wherein the suggestion determination component is configured to: determine a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity. 32. The method of claim 12, further comprising, wherein the suggestion determination component is configured to: determining, by the one or more physical processors, a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity. 33. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 22, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: determine a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity.	A system and method for managing workflow including the ability to manage system-level workflow strategy, manage individual workflow activity, and provide suggestions to optimize individual workflow activity, is provided. The system may provide suggestions to workers based on their schedules and activities that the workers have to perform. Users of the system may configure the criteria used in determining which suggestions to provide to workers. The system may refine the suggestions provided to workers based on feedback received regarding the suggestions previously provided.1. A system for determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the system comprising: a non-transitory electronic storage configured to: store information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and one or more physical processors configured to execute computer program instructions, comprising: a suggestion management component configured to: determine a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of a previous execution of the first suggested activity; and an activity management component configured to: output, to the first worker, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; output, to the first worker, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 4. (canceled) 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: provide a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer; wherein the suggestion management component is configured to: calculate a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculate a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and wherein the activity management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity management component is configured to: prepare a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer, and the second suggested activity is determined by the suggestion management component. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the suggestion management component is configured to: output, to the first worker, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker; compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 11. A method for determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the method being implemented in a computer system comprising one or more physical processors configured to execute computer program instructions, the method comprising: storing, by the one or more physical processors, information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and determining by the one or more physical processors, a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that represents learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of previous execution of the first suggested activity; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 14. (canceled) 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing, by the one or more physical processors, a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: prompting, by the one or more physical processors, the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising: prompting, by the one or more physical processors, the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer, the method further comprising: calculating, by the one or more physical processors, a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculating, by the one or more physical processors, a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: preparing, by the one or more physical processors, a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising: outputting to the first worker, by the one or more physical processors, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker, compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 21. A non-transitory electronic storage media storing information related to determining suggested activities relating to sales of products for one or more workers of a company, the stored information comprising: information related to a schedule for a first worker, the schedule comprising a plurality of scheduled activities for the first worker; and instructions configured to cause a client computing device to: determine a first suggested activity for the first worker, wherein the first suggested activity comprises a sales activity of a first product to a first customer, and wherein the determination of the first suggested activity is based on a first set of activities for the first worker for a first time period, the schedule for the first worker, and an activity value that represents learned knowledge by the system regarding a value of performing the first suggested activity in the first time period, wherein the activity value is calculated based a performance metric that considers historical performance of a previous execution of the first suggested activity; and output, to the first worker, the schedule for the first worker for the first time period; output, to the first worker, the first suggested activity for the first worker with the schedule. 22. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a first rationale for the first suggested activity, wherein the rationale comprises a narrative, the narrative comprising information related to a value of the first suggested activity to the first customer. 23. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, with the first suggested activity, a best time to perform the suggested activity. 24. (canceled) 25. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: provide a proposed time and date for the first suggested activity based on information related to availability of the first worker associated with the first suggested activity and a location of the worker near the proposed time and proposed date. 26. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has dismissed the first suggestion. 27. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prompt the first worker for feedback in response to a determination that the first worker has performed a scheduled activity of the schedule of the first worker. 28. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the first set of activities comprise a first activity related to selling the first product to the first customer and a second activity related to selling the first product to a second customer, and wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: calculate a first score for the first activity of the set of activities based on a first activity value associated with performing the first activity; calculate a second score for the second activity of the set of activities based on a second activity value associated with performing the second activity; and output, to the first worker, the first score associated with the first suggested activity responsive to a determination that the first activity was output to the user as the first suggested activity. 29. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: prepare a proposed schedule for the first time period based on the plurality of scheduled activities of the schedule, the first suggested activity, and a second suggested activity available for the first time period, wherein the second suggested activity comprises a sales activity of the first product to a second customer. 30. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 21, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: output, to the first worker, a triggered activity for the first worker with the schedule, wherein the triggered activity may be provided to the first worker based on a trigger, the trigger comprising one or more of: receiving, from a second worker, the triggered activity as a suggested activity for the first worker; compliance with a regulation related to the company, or a change in behavior in a customer of the company. 31. The system of claim 2, wherein the suggestion determination component is configured to: determine a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity. 32. The method of claim 12, further comprising, wherein the suggestion determination component is configured to: determining, by the one or more physical processors, a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity. 33. The non-transitory electronic storage media of claim 22, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the client computing device to: determine a factor with the highest influence in determining the first suggested activity as the value of the first suggested activity, the factor comprising one of: the performance metric, the schedule of the first worker, information relating to the first product, information relating to the first customer, or a location of the first suggested activity.	3,600
12,934	12,934	13,841,022	3,621	Systems and methods are disclosed for matching of offline data with online data by comparing the offline data with online data using credit-related data. The systems and methods receive offline data and online data and retrieve credit-related data with identifying information for targeted individuals. The offline data records and online data records are independently compared to the credit-related data to determine whether the data records correspond to a matching targeted individual. If both an offline data record and an online data record correspond to a matching targeted individual, then a key is generated that links the offline data record and the online data record. The key may be stored in a key database. The key may be utilized for targeted marketing to the matching targeted individual. The matching of offline data and online data may be more accurate and complete.	1. A method for matching of offline data and online data, using a processor, the method comprising: receiving the offline data at the processor, the offline data comprising at least one offline data record; receiving the online data at the processor, the online data comprising at least one online data record; retrieving credit-related data from a database using the processor, the credit-related data comprising identifying information for a plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one offline data record to the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one offline data record corresponds to a matching targeted individual of the plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one online data record to the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual; if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual: generating a key linking the at least one offline data record and the at least one online data record, using the processor; and storing the key in a key database, using the processor. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and comparing the at least one offline data record comprises: matching the at least one offline data record to the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one offline data record matches the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; comparing the at least one online data record comprises: matching the at least one online data record to the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one online data record matches the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the offline data is associated with non-Internet activity and comprises one or more of aggregated credit data, consumer identifying data, a credit score, a pre-screen offer, a business identifier, a product profit, an estimated income, an actual income, consumer behavioral data, wealth data, education data, vehicle ownership data, proprietary data, non-aggregated credit data, or a public record. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the online data is associated with Internet activity and comprises one or more of a cookie, click-through data, click stream data, e-mail account information, online registration data, online transaction data, online site usage data, an IP address, an electronic device identifier, search result data, biometric data, a network identifier, or a Media Access Control address. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name, a date of birth, an identification number, a street address, a city, a state, a zip code, a telephone number, or an account number. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name history, a street address history, a city history, a state history, a zip code history, a telephone number history, or an account number history. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the at least one online data record comprises: retrieving supplemental data from a supplemental database, using the processor; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data comprises: matching the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one online data record matches one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting the key from the processor, if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the credit-related data comprises credit header data. 12. A system for matching of offline data and online data, the system comprising: a processor in communication with a network; a memory in communication with the processor, the memory for storing: a database comprising credit-related data; a key database for storing a key; a matching engine for: receiving the offline data, the offline data comprising at least one offline data record; receiving the online data, the online data comprising at least one online data record; retrieving credit-related data from the database, the credit-related data comprising identifying information for a plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one offline data record to the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one offline data record corresponds to a matching targeted individual of the plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one online data record to the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual; if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual: generating the key linking the at least one offline data record and the at least one online data record; and storing the key in the key database. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and the matching engine compares the at least one offline data record by: matching the at least one offline data record to the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, if the at least one offline data record matches the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; the matching engine compares the at least one online data record by: matching the at least one online data record to the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, if the at least one online data record matches the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the offline data is associated with non-Internet activity and comprises one or more of aggregated credit data, consumer identifying data, a credit score, a pre-screen offer, a business identifier, a product profit, an estimated income, an actual income, consumer behavioral data, wealth data, education data, vehicle ownership data, proprietary data, non-aggregated credit data, or a public record. 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the online data is associated with Internet activity and comprises one or more of a cookie, click-through data, click stream data, e-mail account information, online registration data, online transaction data, online site usage data, an IP address, an electronic device identifier, search result data, biometric data, a network identifier, or a Media Access Control address. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name, a date of birth, an identification number, a street address, a city, a state, a zip code, a telephone number, or an account number. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name history, a street address history, a city history, a state history, a zip code history, a telephone number history, or an account number history. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein the matching engine compares the at least one online data record by: retrieving supplemental data from a supplemental database; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and the matching engine compares the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data by: matching the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual if the at least one online data record matches one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 21. The system of claim 12, wherein the matching engine is further for transmitting the key, if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 22. The system of claim 12, wherein the credit-related data comprises credit header data.	Systems and methods are disclosed for matching of offline data with online data by comparing the offline data with online data using credit-related data. The systems and methods receive offline data and online data and retrieve credit-related data with identifying information for targeted individuals. The offline data records and online data records are independently compared to the credit-related data to determine whether the data records correspond to a matching targeted individual. If both an offline data record and an online data record correspond to a matching targeted individual, then a key is generated that links the offline data record and the online data record. The key may be stored in a key database. The key may be utilized for targeted marketing to the matching targeted individual. The matching of offline data and online data may be more accurate and complete.1. A method for matching of offline data and online data, using a processor, the method comprising: receiving the offline data at the processor, the offline data comprising at least one offline data record; receiving the online data at the processor, the online data comprising at least one online data record; retrieving credit-related data from a database using the processor, the credit-related data comprising identifying information for a plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one offline data record to the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one offline data record corresponds to a matching targeted individual of the plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one online data record to the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual; if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual: generating a key linking the at least one offline data record and the at least one online data record, using the processor; and storing the key in a key database, using the processor. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and comparing the at least one offline data record comprises: matching the at least one offline data record to the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one offline data record matches the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; comparing the at least one online data record comprises: matching the at least one online data record to the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one online data record matches the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the offline data is associated with non-Internet activity and comprises one or more of aggregated credit data, consumer identifying data, a credit score, a pre-screen offer, a business identifier, a product profit, an estimated income, an actual income, consumer behavioral data, wealth data, education data, vehicle ownership data, proprietary data, non-aggregated credit data, or a public record. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the online data is associated with Internet activity and comprises one or more of a cookie, click-through data, click stream data, e-mail account information, online registration data, online transaction data, online site usage data, an IP address, an electronic device identifier, search result data, biometric data, a network identifier, or a Media Access Control address. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name, a date of birth, an identification number, a street address, a city, a state, a zip code, a telephone number, or an account number. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name history, a street address history, a city history, a state history, a zip code history, a telephone number history, or an account number history. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the at least one online data record comprises: retrieving supplemental data from a supplemental database, using the processor; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data, using the processor, to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data comprises: matching the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual, using the processor; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, using the processor, if the at least one online data record matches one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting the key from the processor, if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the credit-related data comprises credit header data. 12. A system for matching of offline data and online data, the system comprising: a processor in communication with a network; a memory in communication with the processor, the memory for storing: a database comprising credit-related data; a key database for storing a key; a matching engine for: receiving the offline data, the offline data comprising at least one offline data record; receiving the online data, the online data comprising at least one online data record; retrieving credit-related data from the database, the credit-related data comprising identifying information for a plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one offline data record to the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one offline data record corresponds to a matching targeted individual of the plurality of targeted individuals; comparing the at least one online data record to the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual; if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual: generating the key linking the at least one offline data record and the at least one online data record; and storing the key in the key database. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and the matching engine compares the at least one offline data record by: matching the at least one offline data record to the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, if the at least one offline data record matches the first identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; the matching engine compares the at least one online data record by: matching the at least one online data record to the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual, if the at least one online data record matches the second identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the offline data is associated with non-Internet activity and comprises one or more of aggregated credit data, consumer identifying data, a credit score, a pre-screen offer, a business identifier, a product profit, an estimated income, an actual income, consumer behavioral data, wealth data, education data, vehicle ownership data, proprietary data, non-aggregated credit data, or a public record. 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the online data is associated with Internet activity and comprises one or more of a cookie, click-through data, click stream data, e-mail account information, online registration data, online transaction data, online site usage data, an IP address, an electronic device identifier, search result data, biometric data, a network identifier, or a Media Access Control address. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name, a date of birth, an identification number, a street address, a city, a state, a zip code, a telephone number, or an account number. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises one or more of a name history, a street address history, a city history, a state history, a zip code history, a telephone number history, or an account number history. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein the matching engine compares the at least one online data record by: retrieving supplemental data from a supplemental database; and comparing the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data to determine whether the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein: the identifying information for the plurality of targeted individuals comprises third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and the matching engine compares the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the credit-related data by: matching the at least one online data record to one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual; and designating that the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual if the at least one online data record matches one or more of the supplemental data or the third identifying information for the matching targeted individual. 21. The system of claim 12, wherein the matching engine is further for transmitting the key, if the at least one offline data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual and the at least one online data record corresponds to the matching targeted individual. 22. The system of claim 12, wherein the credit-related data comprises credit header data.	3,600
12,935	12,935	13,195,820	3,621	An exemplary method includes a media content presentation system detecting a presentation of a media content instance by way of a primary media content access device, determining that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance, selecting, in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device, and presenting the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device. Corresponding methods and systems are also disclosed.	1. A method comprising: detecting, by a media content presentation system, a presentation of a media content instance by way of a primary media content access device; determining, by the media content presentation system, that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device, the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the media content presentation system, that an additional secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone during the time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with the course correction heuristic, additional advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target an additional user of the additional secondary media content access device; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device, the additional advertisement content to the additional user by way of the additional secondary media content access device. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the advertisement content presented by way of the secondary media content access device is different than the additional advertisement content presented by way of the additional secondary media content access device. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone comprises detecting that the secondary media content access device is connected to a local area network of which the primary media content access device is a part. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone comprises detecting that the secondary media content access device is located within a predetermined distance of at least one of the primary media content access device, a display screen associated with the primary media content access device, and a detection device associated with the primary media content access device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content configured to target the user of the secondary media content access device is further performed in accordance with a user profile associated with the user. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content configured to target the user of the secondary media content access device is further performed in accordance with one or more additional user profiles associated with one or more additional users located within the detection zone. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: analyzing an operation history descriptive of one or more operations performed by the secondary media content access device prior to the presentation of the media content instance; and selecting the advertisement content based on the operation history. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an ambient action performed by at least one of the user and one or more other users within the detection zone; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected ambient action. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting a presence of an inanimate physical object within the detection zone; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected inanimate physical object. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting a sharing of a particular advertisement content instance with the user by another user prior to the presentation of the media content instance by way of the primary media content access device; and selecting the advertisement content based on the shared advertisement content instance. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an interaction of the user with one or more advertisement content instances presented to the user prior to the presentation of the media content instance by way of the primary media content access device; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected interaction. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content instance comprises an advertisement. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an interaction by the user with at least one of the advertisement and a media content program presented in conjunction with the advertisement; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected interaction. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: detecting, by the media content presentation system, a presence of a group of users within the detection zone of the primary media content access device, the group of users including the user; and selecting, by the media content presentation system, a particular advertisement configured to target the group of users as a whole as the advertisement that is presented by way of the primary media content access device. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the advertisement content comprises at least one of an interactive advertisement, a coupon, and a different version of the advertisement presented by way of the primary media content access device. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance comprises at least one of a time period immediately prior to the presentation of the media content instance and a time period during the presentation of the media content instance. 18. The method of claim 1, embodied as computer-executable instructions on at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium. 19. A method comprising: detecting, by a media content presentation system, a presentation of an advertisement by way of a primary media content access device; determining, by the media content presentation system, that a first mobile device associated with a first user and a second mobile device associated with a second user are located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the advertisement; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a first user profile associated with the first user, a first advertisement content instance related to the advertisement and configured to target the first user; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a second user profile associated with the second user, a second advertisement content instance related to the advertisement and configured to target the second user, the second advertisement content instance different than the first advertisement content instance; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the advertisement by the primary media content access device, the first advertisement content instance by way of the first mobile device and the second advertisement content instance by way of the second mobile device. 20. The method of claim 19, embodied as computer-executable instructions on at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium. 21. A system comprising: a detection facility configured to detect a presentation of an advertisement by way of a primary media content access device, and determine that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the advertisement; a targeted advertising facility communicatively coupled to the detection facility and configured to select, in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the advertisement and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device; and a presentation facility communicatively coupled to the targeted advertising facility and configured to present the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device during the presentation of the advertisement by the primary media content access device.	An exemplary method includes a media content presentation system detecting a presentation of a media content instance by way of a primary media content access device, determining that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance, selecting, in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device, and presenting the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device. Corresponding methods and systems are also disclosed.1. A method comprising: detecting, by a media content presentation system, a presentation of a media content instance by way of a primary media content access device; determining, by the media content presentation system, that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device, the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the media content presentation system, that an additional secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone during the time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with the course correction heuristic, additional advertisement content related to the media content instance and configured to target an additional user of the additional secondary media content access device; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the media content instance by the primary media content access device, the additional advertisement content to the additional user by way of the additional secondary media content access device. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the advertisement content presented by way of the secondary media content access device is different than the additional advertisement content presented by way of the additional secondary media content access device. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone comprises detecting that the secondary media content access device is connected to a local area network of which the primary media content access device is a part. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the secondary media content access device is located within the detection zone comprises detecting that the secondary media content access device is located within a predetermined distance of at least one of the primary media content access device, a display screen associated with the primary media content access device, and a detection device associated with the primary media content access device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content configured to target the user of the secondary media content access device is further performed in accordance with a user profile associated with the user. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content configured to target the user of the secondary media content access device is further performed in accordance with one or more additional user profiles associated with one or more additional users located within the detection zone. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: analyzing an operation history descriptive of one or more operations performed by the secondary media content access device prior to the presentation of the media content instance; and selecting the advertisement content based on the operation history. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an ambient action performed by at least one of the user and one or more other users within the detection zone; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected ambient action. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting a presence of an inanimate physical object within the detection zone; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected inanimate physical object. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting a sharing of a particular advertisement content instance with the user by another user prior to the presentation of the media content instance by way of the primary media content access device; and selecting the advertisement content based on the shared advertisement content instance. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an interaction of the user with one or more advertisement content instances presented to the user prior to the presentation of the media content instance by way of the primary media content access device; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected interaction. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content instance comprises an advertisement. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the selecting of the advertisement content in accordance with the course correction heuristic comprises: detecting an interaction by the user with at least one of the advertisement and a media content program presented in conjunction with the advertisement; and selecting the advertisement content based on the detected interaction. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: detecting, by the media content presentation system, a presence of a group of users within the detection zone of the primary media content access device, the group of users including the user; and selecting, by the media content presentation system, a particular advertisement configured to target the group of users as a whole as the advertisement that is presented by way of the primary media content access device. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the advertisement content comprises at least one of an interactive advertisement, a coupon, and a different version of the advertisement presented by way of the primary media content access device. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the time period associated with the presentation of the media content instance comprises at least one of a time period immediately prior to the presentation of the media content instance and a time period during the presentation of the media content instance. 18. The method of claim 1, embodied as computer-executable instructions on at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium. 19. A method comprising: detecting, by a media content presentation system, a presentation of an advertisement by way of a primary media content access device; determining, by the media content presentation system, that a first mobile device associated with a first user and a second mobile device associated with a second user are located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the advertisement; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a first user profile associated with the first user, a first advertisement content instance related to the advertisement and configured to target the first user; selecting, by the media content presentation system in accordance with a second user profile associated with the second user, a second advertisement content instance related to the advertisement and configured to target the second user, the second advertisement content instance different than the first advertisement content instance; and presenting, by the media content presentation system during the presentation of the advertisement by the primary media content access device, the first advertisement content instance by way of the first mobile device and the second advertisement content instance by way of the second mobile device. 20. The method of claim 19, embodied as computer-executable instructions on at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium. 21. A system comprising: a detection facility configured to detect a presentation of an advertisement by way of a primary media content access device, and determine that a secondary media content access device is located within a detection zone associated with the primary media content access device during a time period associated with the presentation of the advertisement; a targeted advertising facility communicatively coupled to the detection facility and configured to select, in accordance with a course correction heuristic, advertisement content related to the advertisement and configured to target a user of the secondary media content access device; and a presentation facility communicatively coupled to the targeted advertising facility and configured to present the advertisement content to the user by way of the secondary media content access device during the presentation of the advertisement by the primary media content access device.	3,600
12,936	12,936	14,863,502	3,621	Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for optimization of online advertising bid requests and floor pricing. In one embodiment, a method may include receiving a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application, calculating a first predicted winning bid amount, determining that the first predicted winning bid is greater than a floor price associated with the first ad impression request, and increasing the floor price. Example methods may include generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the floor price, determining a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot, and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns.	1. A method comprising: receiving, by a server comprising one or more computer processors, a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or mobile application, the first ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculating a first predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determining that the first predicted winning bid is greater than an initial floor price associated with the first ad impression request; reducing the first predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a second predicted winning bid amount; generating an enhanced floor price by increasing the initial floor price to match the second predicted winning bid amount; generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the enhanced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; determining, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from a blacklisted advertiser; and ignoring the bid. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: filtering, by the server, the set of one or more advertising campaigns to generate a reduced set of advertising campaigns eligible to bid on the available ad slot based at least in part on the first ad slot information; wherein sending the first bid request to the one or more ad servers comprises sending the first bid request only to ad servers associated with the reduced set of advertising campaigns. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; determining that the bid is the only bid received in response to the first bid request that meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server; wherein conducting the second price auction results in the winning bid price being equal to the enhanced floor price. 5. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request, wherein the bid further comprises an advertiser identifier; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from an advertiser that is authorized to bid on the first bid request; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request, wherein the bid further comprises an advertiser identifier; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; determining a first difference between the enhanced floor price and the initial floor price; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; storing the first difference as a reserve value; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression request comprising second ad slot information; calculating a third predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determining that the third predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determining a second difference between the third predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determining that the second difference is equal to or less than the reserve value; decreasing the initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the reduced floor price; and sending the second bid request. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the server, a time of day based at least in part on the geolocation information; wherein calculating the first predicted winning bid amount is based at least in part on the time of day. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the server, a user activity history comprising a search history and a purchase history; wherein calculating the first predicted winning bid amount is based at least in part on the user activity history. 10. A method comprising: receiving, by a server comprising one or more computer processors, a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application; calculating a first predicted winning bid amount for the available ad slot based at least in part on the first ad slot information; determining that the first predicted winning bid is less than an initial floor price associated with the ad impression request; identifying a reserve amount associated with a publisher account of the publisher website or application, the reserve amount indicative of a positive difference between a first previous winning bid for a previously sold ad impression and a previous initial floor price associated with the previously sold ad impression; determining that a first difference between the first predicted winning bid and the initial floor price is less than or equal to the reserve amount; reducing the initial floor price to match the first predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the reduced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining an average floor price for ad impressions associated with the publisher; and determining that the average floor price is equal to or greater than the initial floor price. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; comparing the bid amount to the reduced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the reduced floor price; and reducing the reserve amount by the first difference between the first predicted winning bid and the reduced floor price. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: conducting, by the server, a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; sending the winning bid price to the ad server; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression comprising second ad slot information; calculating a second predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determining that the second predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determining a second difference between the second predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determining that the second difference is greater than the reserve value; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the initial floor price. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression request comprising second ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculating a second predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determining that the second predicted winning bid is greater than a second initial floor price associated with the second ad impression request; reducing the second predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a third predicted winning bid amount; increasing the second initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a second enhanced floor price; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the second enhanced floor price; and sending the second bid request. 16. A computer device comprising: at least one memory that stores computer-executable instructions; at least one processor configured to access the at least one memory and execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a first ad impression request comprise first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application, the first ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculate a first predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determine that the first predicted winning bid is greater than an initial floor price associated with the first ad impression request; reduce the first predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a second predicted winning bid amount; increase the initial floor price to match the second predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating an enhanced floor price; generate a first bid request comprise the first ad slot information and the enhanced floor price; determine, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertise campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and send the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertise campaigns of the set of one or more advertise campaigns. 17. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a bid comprise a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; determine, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from a blacklisted advertiser; and ignore the bid. 18. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a bid comprise a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request; compare the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determine that the bid amount meets or exceeds the floor price; conduct a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; send the winning bid price to the ad server; and determine that the bid is the only bid received in response to the first bid request that meet or exceed the enhanced floor price; wherein conducting the second price auction results in the winning bid price being equal to the enhanced floor price. 19. The computer device of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: determine a first difference between the winning bid price and the initial floor price; store the first difference as a reserve value; and send the winning bid price to the ad server. 20. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a second ad impression request comprise second ad slot information; calculate a third predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determine that the third predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determine a second difference between the third predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determine that the second difference is equal to or less than the reserve value; decrease the initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generate a second bid request comprise the second ad slot information and the reduced floor price; and send the second bid request.	Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for optimization of online advertising bid requests and floor pricing. In one embodiment, a method may include receiving a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application, calculating a first predicted winning bid amount, determining that the first predicted winning bid is greater than a floor price associated with the first ad impression request, and increasing the floor price. Example methods may include generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the floor price, determining a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot, and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns.1. A method comprising: receiving, by a server comprising one or more computer processors, a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or mobile application, the first ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculating a first predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determining that the first predicted winning bid is greater than an initial floor price associated with the first ad impression request; reducing the first predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a second predicted winning bid amount; generating an enhanced floor price by increasing the initial floor price to match the second predicted winning bid amount; generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the enhanced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; determining, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from a blacklisted advertiser; and ignoring the bid. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: filtering, by the server, the set of one or more advertising campaigns to generate a reduced set of advertising campaigns eligible to bid on the available ad slot based at least in part on the first ad slot information; wherein sending the first bid request to the one or more ad servers comprises sending the first bid request only to ad servers associated with the reduced set of advertising campaigns. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; determining that the bid is the only bid received in response to the first bid request that meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server; wherein conducting the second price auction results in the winning bid price being equal to the enhanced floor price. 5. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request, wherein the bid further comprises an advertiser identifier; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from an advertiser that is authorized to bid on the first bid request; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request, wherein the bid further comprises an advertiser identifier; comparing the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the enhanced floor price; determining a first difference between the enhanced floor price and the initial floor price; conducting a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; storing the first difference as a reserve value; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression request comprising second ad slot information; calculating a third predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determining that the third predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determining a second difference between the third predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determining that the second difference is equal to or less than the reserve value; decreasing the initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the reduced floor price; and sending the second bid request. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the server, a time of day based at least in part on the geolocation information; wherein calculating the first predicted winning bid amount is based at least in part on the time of day. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining, by the server, a user activity history comprising a search history and a purchase history; wherein calculating the first predicted winning bid amount is based at least in part on the user activity history. 10. A method comprising: receiving, by a server comprising one or more computer processors, a first ad impression request comprising first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application; calculating a first predicted winning bid amount for the available ad slot based at least in part on the first ad slot information; determining that the first predicted winning bid is less than an initial floor price associated with the ad impression request; identifying a reserve amount associated with a publisher account of the publisher website or application, the reserve amount indicative of a positive difference between a first previous winning bid for a previously sold ad impression and a previous initial floor price associated with the previously sold ad impression; determining that a first difference between the first predicted winning bid and the initial floor price is less than or equal to the reserve amount; reducing the initial floor price to match the first predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generating a first bid request comprising the first ad slot information and the reduced floor price; determining, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertising campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and sending the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertising campaigns of the set of one or more advertising campaigns. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining an average floor price for ad impressions associated with the publisher; and determining that the average floor price is equal to or greater than the initial floor price. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a bid comprising a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; comparing the bid amount to the reduced floor price; determining that the bid amount meets or exceeds the reduced floor price; and reducing the reserve amount by the first difference between the first predicted winning bid and the reduced floor price. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: conducting, by the server, a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; sending the winning bid price to the ad server; and sending the winning bid price to the ad server. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression comprising second ad slot information; calculating a second predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determining that the second predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determining a second difference between the second predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determining that the second difference is greater than the reserve value; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the initial floor price. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising: receiving, by the server, a second ad impression request comprising second ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculating a second predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determining that the second predicted winning bid is greater than a second initial floor price associated with the second ad impression request; reducing the second predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a third predicted winning bid amount; increasing the second initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a second enhanced floor price; generating a second bid request comprising the second ad slot information and the second enhanced floor price; and sending the second bid request. 16. A computer device comprising: at least one memory that stores computer-executable instructions; at least one processor configured to access the at least one memory and execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a first ad impression request comprise first ad slot information for an available ad slot at a publisher website or application, the first ad slot information comprising website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information associated with a user to which an ad impression is to be presented; calculate a first predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the website or application context information, geolocation information, and user information; determine that the first predicted winning bid is greater than an initial floor price associated with the first ad impression request; reduce the first predicted winning bid amount by a first amount to generate a second predicted winning bid amount; increase the initial floor price to match the second predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating an enhanced floor price; generate a first bid request comprise the first ad slot information and the enhanced floor price; determine, based at least in part on the first ad slot information, a set of one or more advertise campaigns that are eligible to bid on the available ad slot; and send the first bid request to one or more ad servers associated with respective advertise campaigns of the set of one or more advertise campaigns. 17. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a bid comprise a bid amount and an advertiser identifier in response to the first bid request; determine, based at least in part on the advertiser identifier, that the bid was received from a blacklisted advertiser; and ignore the bid. 18. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a bid comprise a bid amount from an ad server in response to the first bid request; compare the bid amount to the enhanced floor price; determine that the bid amount meets or exceeds the floor price; conduct a second price auction to determine a winning bid price; send the winning bid price to the ad server; and determine that the bid is the only bid received in response to the first bid request that meet or exceed the enhanced floor price; wherein conducting the second price auction results in the winning bid price being equal to the enhanced floor price. 19. The computer device of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: determine a first difference between the winning bid price and the initial floor price; store the first difference as a reserve value; and send the winning bid price to the ad server. 20. The computer device of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: receive a second ad impression request comprise second ad slot information; calculate a third predicted winning bid amount based at least in part on the second ad slot information; determine that the third predicted winning bid amount is less than the initial floor price; determine a second difference between the third predicted winning bid amount and the initial floor price; determine that the second difference is equal to or less than the reserve value; decrease the initial floor price to match the third predicted winning bid amount, thereby generating a reduced floor price; generate a second bid request comprise the second ad slot information and the reduced floor price; and send the second bid request.	3,600
12,937	12,937	13,530,185	3,626	Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a provider, de-identified data that describes patients. The method includes enabling selective access to the de-identified data in the data store by seekers authorized by the provider.	1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method, the method comprising: receiving, from a provider, de-identified data that describes a given subject, where the de-identified data includes a first level masking identifier assigned to the given subject by the provider; storing the de-identified data in a data store; denying access to the de-identified data to seekers not authorized by the provider. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise: removing the first level masking identifier from the de-identified data prior to storing the de-identified data in the data store; assigning a second level masking identifier to the de-identified data; and maintaining a mapping of the first level masking identifier to the second level masking identifier for use in future processing. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, comprising determining whether the provider authorizes access to the de-identified data comprises receiving a password from a seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise, when access by the seeker is authorized, enabling querying of the de-identified data in the data store to return a count of subjects that meet query criteria without returning de-identified data to the query. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise: screening the received data by selecting predetermined de-identified data attribute values; and storing the selected data attribute values in the data store without storing de-identified data not corresponding to a predetermined data attribute value. 6. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method, the method comprising: receiving, from a seeker, a request to access de-identified data; determining whether a provider of the de-identified data authorizes the seeker to access the de-identified data; when the seeker is authorized, receiving, from a seeker, one or more selection criteria; accessing a data store that stores de-identified data associated with a plurality of subjects; identifying subjects associated with de-identified data in the data store that meet the criteria; and returning, to the seeker, a count of identified subjects, such that de-identified data is not returned to the seeker. 7. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 6, where determining whether the seeker is authorized comprises receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 8. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 6, where the instructions further comprise: receiving, from the seeker, a second level masking identifier that uniquely identifies a subject; mapping the second level masking identifier to a first level masking identifier; providing the first level masking identifier to the provider. 9. A computing system, comprising: a collaboration networking tool logic comprising: a data and collaboration management logic configured to: receive, from a provider, de-identified data that describes a given subject; and store the second level masking identifier and the de-identified data in a data store; where the collaboration networking tool is configured to deny access to the de-identified data to seekers not authorized by the provider. 10. The computing system of claim 9, where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to: remove a first level masking identifier that uniquely identifies a subject of the de-identified data prior to storing the de-identified data in the data store; assign a second level masking identifier to the de-identified data; store the second level masking identifier with the de-identified data in the data store; and maintain a mapping of the first level masking identifier to the second level masking identifier for use in future processing. 11. The computing system of claim 9 comprising a protocol validation logic configured to enable querying of the de-identified data in the data store to return a count of subjects having de-identified data that meet query selection criteria, such that de-identified data is not returned to the seeker. 12. The computing system of claim 11, where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to determine whether a seeker has access to de-identified by receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 13. The computing system of claim 9 where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to: screen the received data by selecting predetermined de-identified data attribute values; and store the selected data attribute values in the data store without storing de-identified data not corresponding to a predetermined data attribute value. 14. A computing system, comprising: a protocol validation logic configured to: receive, from a seeker, one or more selection criteria; access a data store that stores de-identified data associated with a plurality of subjects; identify de-identified provider data in the data store for subjects that meet the criteria; returning, to the seeker, a count of subjects that meet the selection criteria, such that de-identified data is not returned in response to receiving the selection criteria. 15. The computing system of claim 14 further comprising a data and collaboration management logic configured to: determine whether a seeker has access to de-identified by receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider; and decline to access the data store when the password from the seeker does not match the password from the provider. 16. The computing system of claim 15 where the recruiter logic is further configured to: receive, from the seeker, a second level masking identifier associated that uniquely identifies a subject of de-identified data; map the second level masking identifier to a first level masking identifier; provide the first level masking identifier to the provider.	Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a provider, de-identified data that describes patients. The method includes enabling selective access to the de-identified data in the data store by seekers authorized by the provider.1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method, the method comprising: receiving, from a provider, de-identified data that describes a given subject, where the de-identified data includes a first level masking identifier assigned to the given subject by the provider; storing the de-identified data in a data store; denying access to the de-identified data to seekers not authorized by the provider. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise: removing the first level masking identifier from the de-identified data prior to storing the de-identified data in the data store; assigning a second level masking identifier to the de-identified data; and maintaining a mapping of the first level masking identifier to the second level masking identifier for use in future processing. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, comprising determining whether the provider authorizes access to the de-identified data comprises receiving a password from a seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise, when access by the seeker is authorized, enabling querying of the de-identified data in the data store to return a count of subjects that meet query criteria without returning de-identified data to the query. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, where the instructions further comprise: screening the received data by selecting predetermined de-identified data attribute values; and storing the selected data attribute values in the data store without storing de-identified data not corresponding to a predetermined data attribute value. 6. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method, the method comprising: receiving, from a seeker, a request to access de-identified data; determining whether a provider of the de-identified data authorizes the seeker to access the de-identified data; when the seeker is authorized, receiving, from a seeker, one or more selection criteria; accessing a data store that stores de-identified data associated with a plurality of subjects; identifying subjects associated with de-identified data in the data store that meet the criteria; and returning, to the seeker, a count of identified subjects, such that de-identified data is not returned to the seeker. 7. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 6, where determining whether the seeker is authorized comprises receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 8. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 6, where the instructions further comprise: receiving, from the seeker, a second level masking identifier that uniquely identifies a subject; mapping the second level masking identifier to a first level masking identifier; providing the first level masking identifier to the provider. 9. A computing system, comprising: a collaboration networking tool logic comprising: a data and collaboration management logic configured to: receive, from a provider, de-identified data that describes a given subject; and store the second level masking identifier and the de-identified data in a data store; where the collaboration networking tool is configured to deny access to the de-identified data to seekers not authorized by the provider. 10. The computing system of claim 9, where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to: remove a first level masking identifier that uniquely identifies a subject of the de-identified data prior to storing the de-identified data in the data store; assign a second level masking identifier to the de-identified data; store the second level masking identifier with the de-identified data in the data store; and maintain a mapping of the first level masking identifier to the second level masking identifier for use in future processing. 11. The computing system of claim 9 comprising a protocol validation logic configured to enable querying of the de-identified data in the data store to return a count of subjects having de-identified data that meet query selection criteria, such that de-identified data is not returned to the seeker. 12. The computing system of claim 11, where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to determine whether a seeker has access to de-identified by receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider. 13. The computing system of claim 9 where the data and collaboration management logic is further configured to: screen the received data by selecting predetermined de-identified data attribute values; and store the selected data attribute values in the data store without storing de-identified data not corresponding to a predetermined data attribute value. 14. A computing system, comprising: a protocol validation logic configured to: receive, from a seeker, one or more selection criteria; access a data store that stores de-identified data associated with a plurality of subjects; identify de-identified provider data in the data store for subjects that meet the criteria; returning, to the seeker, a count of subjects that meet the selection criteria, such that de-identified data is not returned in response to receiving the selection criteria. 15. The computing system of claim 14 further comprising a data and collaboration management logic configured to: determine whether a seeker has access to de-identified by receiving a password from the seeker and comparing the password to a password from the provider; and decline to access the data store when the password from the seeker does not match the password from the provider. 16. The computing system of claim 15 where the recruiter logic is further configured to: receive, from the seeker, a second level masking identifier associated that uniquely identifies a subject of de-identified data; map the second level masking identifier to a first level masking identifier; provide the first level masking identifier to the provider.	3,600
12,938	12,938	12,064,464	3,694	In a computer system and computer implemented method for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property, are selected. A basic rate is determined from rate values assigned to the selected industry classification attributes. One or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism, are also selected. An aggravating rate is determined from rate values assigned to the selected target classification attributes. The insurance rate is determined from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. The assignment of insurance rates to a property based on the selection of target classification attributes for the property makes it possible to include the risk of a terrorist attack in the rating process, without having to determine probability distributions of terrorist attacks or estimate expected loss caused by terrorist attacks.	1-22. (canceled) 23. A computer system for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, the system comprising: means for selecting one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property; means for determining a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; means for selecting one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; means for determining an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and means for determining the insurance rate from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 24. The system according to claim 23, further comprising: means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 25. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include geographic classification attributes indicative of the property's geographic location; wherein the system further comprises means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 26. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include ownership classification attributes indicative of the property's owner; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the ownership classification attributes selected for the property. 27. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include technical classification attributes indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; wherein the system further comprises means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 28. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include publicity classification attributes indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 29. The system according to claim 23, further comprising: means for storing sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine an aggregated aggravating rate by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and wherein the means for determining the insurance rate is configured to determine the insurance rate by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate. 30. A computer implemented method for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, the method comprising: selecting one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property; determining a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; selecting one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; determining an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and determining the insurance rate from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 31. The method according to claim 30, further comprising: assigning defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 32. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include geographic classification attributes indicative of the property's geographic location; wherein the method further comprises assigning defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 33. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include ownership classification attributes indicative of the property's owner; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the ownership classification attributes selected for the property. 34. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include technical classification attributes indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; wherein the method further comprises assigning defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 35. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include publicity classification attributes indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 36. The method according to claim 30, further comprising: storing sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; wherein the aggravating rate is determined by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and wherein the insurance rate is determined by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate. 37. A computer program product including a computer readable medium containing therein computer program code means for controlling a computer such that the computer: selects one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with a property; determines a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; selects one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; determines an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and determines an insurance rate for terrorism-related insurance for the property from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 38. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: assigns defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 39. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location; assigns defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 40. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes an ownership classification attribute, indicative of the property's owner; and determines the aggravating rate based on the ownership classification attribute selected for the property. 41. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; assigns defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 42. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and determines the aggravating rate based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 43. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: stores sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; determines the aggravating rate by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and determines the insurance rate by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate.	In a computer system and computer implemented method for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property, are selected. A basic rate is determined from rate values assigned to the selected industry classification attributes. One or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism, are also selected. An aggravating rate is determined from rate values assigned to the selected target classification attributes. The insurance rate is determined from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. The assignment of insurance rates to a property based on the selection of target classification attributes for the property makes it possible to include the risk of a terrorist attack in the rating process, without having to determine probability distributions of terrorist attacks or estimate expected loss caused by terrorist attacks.1-22. (canceled) 23. A computer system for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, the system comprising: means for selecting one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property; means for determining a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; means for selecting one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; means for determining an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and means for determining the insurance rate from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 24. The system according to claim 23, further comprising: means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 25. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include geographic classification attributes indicative of the property's geographic location; wherein the system further comprises means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 26. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include ownership classification attributes indicative of the property's owner; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the ownership classification attributes selected for the property. 27. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include technical classification attributes indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; wherein the system further comprises means for assigning defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 28. The system according to claim 23, wherein the target classification attributes include publicity classification attributes indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine the aggravating rate based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 29. The system according to claim 23, further comprising: means for storing sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; wherein the means for determining the aggravating rate is configured to determine an aggregated aggravating rate by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and wherein the means for determining the insurance rate is configured to determine the insurance rate by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate. 30. A computer implemented method for determining an insurance rate for terrorism-related property insurance, the method comprising: selecting one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with the property; determining a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; selecting one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; determining an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and determining the insurance rate from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 31. The method according to claim 30, further comprising: assigning defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 32. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include geographic classification attributes indicative of the property's geographic location; wherein the method further comprises assigning defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 33. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include ownership classification attributes indicative of the property's owner; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the ownership classification attributes selected for the property. 34. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include technical classification attributes indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; wherein the method further comprises assigning defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 35. The method according to claim 30, wherein the target classification attributes include publicity classification attributes indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and wherein the aggravating rate is determined based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 36. The method according to claim 30, further comprising: storing sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; wherein the aggravating rate is determined by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and wherein the insurance rate is determined by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate. 37. A computer program product including a computer readable medium containing therein computer program code means for controlling a computer such that the computer: selects one or more industry classification attributes, indicative of an industry segment associated with a property; determines a basic rate from rate values assigned to the industry classification attributes; selects one or more target classification attributes, indicative of the property's attractiveness as a target for terrorism; determines an aggravating rate from rate values assigned to the target classification attributes; and determines an insurance rate for terrorism-related insurance for the property from the basic rate and the aggravating rate. 38. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: assigns defined ratios of the property to different target classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the target classification attributes and respective ratios. 39. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location; assigns defined ratios of the property to different geographic classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the geographic classification attributes and respective ratios. 40. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes an ownership classification attribute, indicative of the property's owner; and determines the aggravating rate based on the ownership classification attribute selected for the property. 41. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance; assigns defined ratios of the property to different technical classification attributes; and determines the aggravating rate based on the technical classification attributes and respective ratios. 42. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: selects as one of the target classification attributes one or more publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; and determines the aggravating rate based on the publicity classification attributes selected for the property. 43. The computer program product according to claim 37, further comprising computer program code means for controlling the computer such that the computer: stores sets of the target classification attributes and rate values assigned to the target classification attributes, a set of the target classification attributes including one of geographic classification attributes, indicative of the property's geographic location, ownership classification attributes, indicative of the property's owner, technical classification attributes, indicative of the property's practical or symbolic significance, and publicity classification attributes, indicative of public exposure and/or political perception of the property; determines the aggravating rate by aggregating multiple aggravating rates, each determined based on one or more target classification attributes selected for the property; and determines the insurance rate by multiplying the aggregated aggravating rate with the basic rate.	3,600
12,939	12,939	11,251,587	3,612	At least one version is directed to a mobile data center that includes a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length, and a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row. The mobile data center also includes at least one cooling unit constructed and arranged to draw warm air from the second aisle and provide cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures.	1. A mobile data center comprising: a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length; a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row; and at least one cooling unit constructed and arranged to draw warm air from the second aisle and provide cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 2. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the first aisle is substantially isolated from the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the second aisle other than through the at least one air cooling unit. 3. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the plurality of equipment enclosures includes a first group of enclosures and a second group of enclosures with the at least one cooling unit disposed in the row between the first group of enclosures and the second group of enclosures. 4. The mobile data center of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of cooling units disposed above the plurality of equipment enclosures and configured to draw warm air from the second aisle and to provide cool air to the first aisle. 5. The mobile data center of claim 3, further comprising a first uninterruptible power supply disposed adjacent the first group of enclosures and a second uninterruptible power supply disposed adjacent the second group of enclosures. 6. The mobile data center of claim 1, further comprising a raised floor disposed under the plurality of equipment enclosures and having removable tiles disposed in the first aisle. 7. The mobile data center of claim 2, further comprising a console area having a user console, wherein the console area is isolated from the first aisle and the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the console area and between the second aisle and the console area. 8. The mobile data center of claim 5, further comprising a generator for generating electrical power, wherein the generator is electrically coupled to the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply. 9. The mobile data center of claim 8, further comprising a transfer switch electrically coupled to the generator, the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply and having an input to couple to a utility source of power, and wherein the transfer switch is configured to provide power from one of the generator and the utility source to the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply. 10. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the row is substantially centered in the trailer with a width of the first aisle being substantially equal to a width of the second aisle. 11. A method of providing air flow in a mobile data center having at least one row of equipment racks disposed in the data center and arranged to provide a first aisle along a front side of the row of equipment racks and a second aisle along a second side of the row of equipment racks, the method comprising: drawing warm air from the second aisle into a cooling device; providing cool air from the cooling device to the first aisle; drawing cool air into at least one equipment rack of the row of equipment racks to cool data processing equipment in the at least one equipment rack; and exhausting warm air from the at least one equipment rack into the second aisle. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from at least one cooling device, and wherein the method further includes isolating the first aisle from the second aisle to prevent flow of air from the first aisle to the second aisle other than through the at least one cooling device. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from at least one cooling device located in the at least one row of equipment racks. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from a plurality of cooling units located above the at least one row of equipment racks. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising providing uninterruptible power to equipment in the at least one row of equipment racks. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the data center includes a console area, and wherein the method further includes providing a separate cooling device for the console area. 17. A mobile data center comprising: a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length; a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row; and means for drawing warm air from the second aisle and providing cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 18. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising means for isolating the first aisle from the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the second aisle other than through the means for drawing warm air. 19. The mobile data center of claim 17, wherein the means for drawing warm air includes a plurality of cooling units disposed above the plurality of equipment enclosures and configured to draw warm air from the second aisle and to provide cool air to the first aisle. 20. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising means for providing uninterruptible power to the plurality of equipment enclosures. 21. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising a raised floor disposed under the plurality of equipment enclosures and having removable tiles disposed in the first aisle. 22. The mobile data center of claim 21, further comprising a console area having a user console, wherein the console area is isolated from the first aisle and the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the console area and between the second aisle and the console area. 23. The mobile data center of claim 20, further comprising means for generating electrical power for equipment in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 24. The mobile data center of claim 17, wherein the row is substantially centered in the trailer with a width of the first aisle being substantially equal to a width of the second aisle.	At least one version is directed to a mobile data center that includes a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length, and a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row. The mobile data center also includes at least one cooling unit constructed and arranged to draw warm air from the second aisle and provide cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures.1. A mobile data center comprising: a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length; a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row; and at least one cooling unit constructed and arranged to draw warm air from the second aisle and provide cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 2. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the first aisle is substantially isolated from the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the second aisle other than through the at least one air cooling unit. 3. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the plurality of equipment enclosures includes a first group of enclosures and a second group of enclosures with the at least one cooling unit disposed in the row between the first group of enclosures and the second group of enclosures. 4. The mobile data center of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of cooling units disposed above the plurality of equipment enclosures and configured to draw warm air from the second aisle and to provide cool air to the first aisle. 5. The mobile data center of claim 3, further comprising a first uninterruptible power supply disposed adjacent the first group of enclosures and a second uninterruptible power supply disposed adjacent the second group of enclosures. 6. The mobile data center of claim 1, further comprising a raised floor disposed under the plurality of equipment enclosures and having removable tiles disposed in the first aisle. 7. The mobile data center of claim 2, further comprising a console area having a user console, wherein the console area is isolated from the first aisle and the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the console area and between the second aisle and the console area. 8. The mobile data center of claim 5, further comprising a generator for generating electrical power, wherein the generator is electrically coupled to the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply. 9. The mobile data center of claim 8, further comprising a transfer switch electrically coupled to the generator, the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply and having an input to couple to a utility source of power, and wherein the transfer switch is configured to provide power from one of the generator and the utility source to the first uninterruptible power supply and the second uninterruptible power supply. 10. The mobile data center of claim 1, wherein the row is substantially centered in the trailer with a width of the first aisle being substantially equal to a width of the second aisle. 11. A method of providing air flow in a mobile data center having at least one row of equipment racks disposed in the data center and arranged to provide a first aisle along a front side of the row of equipment racks and a second aisle along a second side of the row of equipment racks, the method comprising: drawing warm air from the second aisle into a cooling device; providing cool air from the cooling device to the first aisle; drawing cool air into at least one equipment rack of the row of equipment racks to cool data processing equipment in the at least one equipment rack; and exhausting warm air from the at least one equipment rack into the second aisle. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from at least one cooling device, and wherein the method further includes isolating the first aisle from the second aisle to prevent flow of air from the first aisle to the second aisle other than through the at least one cooling device. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from at least one cooling device located in the at least one row of equipment racks. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein providing cool air includes providing cool air from a plurality of cooling units located above the at least one row of equipment racks. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising providing uninterruptible power to equipment in the at least one row of equipment racks. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the data center includes a console area, and wherein the method further includes providing a separate cooling device for the console area. 17. A mobile data center comprising: a trailer having a length greater than a width and having an interior, the trailer being configured to be transported in a direction generally parallel to the length; a plurality of equipment enclosures installed in the interior of the trailer to form a row, with the row being parallel to the length of the trailer, wherein the row is positioned in the interior such that a first aisle is on a front side of the row and a second aisle is on a back side of the row; and means for drawing warm air from the second aisle and providing cool air to the first aisle to cool equipment contained in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 18. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising means for isolating the first aisle from the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the second aisle other than through the means for drawing warm air. 19. The mobile data center of claim 17, wherein the means for drawing warm air includes a plurality of cooling units disposed above the plurality of equipment enclosures and configured to draw warm air from the second aisle and to provide cool air to the first aisle. 20. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising means for providing uninterruptible power to the plurality of equipment enclosures. 21. The mobile data center of claim 17, further comprising a raised floor disposed under the plurality of equipment enclosures and having removable tiles disposed in the first aisle. 22. The mobile data center of claim 21, further comprising a console area having a user console, wherein the console area is isolated from the first aisle and the second aisle to prevent air flow between the first aisle and the console area and between the second aisle and the console area. 23. The mobile data center of claim 20, further comprising means for generating electrical power for equipment in the plurality of equipment enclosures. 24. The mobile data center of claim 17, wherein the row is substantially centered in the trailer with a width of the first aisle being substantially equal to a width of the second aisle.	3,600
12,940	12,940	15,007,780	3,636	A seat back cover in the form of a flexible bag of plastic or paper is shaped to fit over the back of a typical folding chair. The seat back cover may include structure to retain the bag on the chair, e.g., against the force of wind in an outdoor setting. The seat back cover may include vertical adhesive strips with peel covers placed on the back of the bag proximal to the chair edges so that if the cover is put on a smaller chair, the sides of the bag can be folded toward the back of the bag and taped out of the way. Multiple bags may be concatenated on a roll and separated by perforations, and the adhesive strips may be placed so as to fold the corners down over the rounded corners of the chair back.	1. A seat back cover comprising: a first side sized larger than a seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount; and a second side connected with the first side and sized larger than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount, wherein the first side being connected to the second side defines a bag assembly having an open end, a closed end and an interior space, wherein the interior space is sized to fit over the seat back, and wherein the seat back cover is formed of plastic or paper. 2. A seat back cover according to claim 1, wherein the first side and the second side are rounded at corners of the closed end. 3. A seat back cover according to claim 1, wherein the seat back cover is formed of paper. 4. A seat back cover according to claim 3, wherein the seat back cover is folded into the bag assembly from a flat piece of paper. 5. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a fastener secured to at least one of the first side and the second side and disposed adjacent the open end of the bag assembly, wherein the fastener selectively secures the first side to the second side adjacent the open end of the bag assembly. 6. A seat back cover according to claim 5, wherein the fastener is a two-piece fastener, one piece each secured to the first side and the second side, respectively. 7. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of adhesive strips positioned on the second side and covered with a corresponding pair of protective strips, the adhesive strips being exposed by removing the protective strips, wherein the adhesive strip are positioned to secure a folded edge portion of the bag assembly to accommodate an alternate seat back that is smaller than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount. 8. A seat back cover according to claim 7, wherein the adhesive strips are positioned vertically adjacent left and right edges of the second side relative to the alternate seat back. 9. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a pocket secured to the second side. 10. A seat back cover according to claim 9, further comprising a loop secured to the second side spaced from the pocket. 11. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a loop secured to the second side. 12. A party kit for decorating a plurality of seat backs, the party kit including a plurality of seat back covers, wherein each of the seat back covers comprises: a first side sized larger than a seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount; and a second side connected with the first side and sized larger than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount, wherein the first side being connected to the second side defines a bag assembly having an open end, a closed end and an interior space, wherein the interior space is sized to fit over the seat back, and wherein the seat back cover formed of plastic or paper. 13. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of seat back covers are concatenated in a strip. 14. A party kit according to claim 13, wherein the concatenated seat back covers are separated from one another by perforations. 15. A party kit according to claim 14, wherein each of the seat back covers comprises a heat welded bottom at the closed end and heat welded sides. 16. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein each of the seat back covers further comprises adhesive strips positioned on the second side and covered with a corresponding pair of protective strips, the adhesive strips being exposed by removing the protective strips. 17. A party kit according to claim 16, wherein the adhesive strips are positioned proximate to corners of the closed end. 18. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein each of the seat back covers further comprises at least one of a pocket secured to the second side and a loop secured to the second side.	A seat back cover in the form of a flexible bag of plastic or paper is shaped to fit over the back of a typical folding chair. The seat back cover may include structure to retain the bag on the chair, e.g., against the force of wind in an outdoor setting. The seat back cover may include vertical adhesive strips with peel covers placed on the back of the bag proximal to the chair edges so that if the cover is put on a smaller chair, the sides of the bag can be folded toward the back of the bag and taped out of the way. Multiple bags may be concatenated on a roll and separated by perforations, and the adhesive strips may be placed so as to fold the corners down over the rounded corners of the chair back.1. A seat back cover comprising: a first side sized larger than a seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount; and a second side connected with the first side and sized larger than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount, wherein the first side being connected to the second side defines a bag assembly having an open end, a closed end and an interior space, wherein the interior space is sized to fit over the seat back, and wherein the seat back cover is formed of plastic or paper. 2. A seat back cover according to claim 1, wherein the first side and the second side are rounded at corners of the closed end. 3. A seat back cover according to claim 1, wherein the seat back cover is formed of paper. 4. A seat back cover according to claim 3, wherein the seat back cover is folded into the bag assembly from a flat piece of paper. 5. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a fastener secured to at least one of the first side and the second side and disposed adjacent the open end of the bag assembly, wherein the fastener selectively secures the first side to the second side adjacent the open end of the bag assembly. 6. A seat back cover according to claim 5, wherein the fastener is a two-piece fastener, one piece each secured to the first side and the second side, respectively. 7. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of adhesive strips positioned on the second side and covered with a corresponding pair of protective strips, the adhesive strips being exposed by removing the protective strips, wherein the adhesive strip are positioned to secure a folded edge portion of the bag assembly to accommodate an alternate seat back that is smaller than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount. 8. A seat back cover according to claim 7, wherein the adhesive strips are positioned vertically adjacent left and right edges of the second side relative to the alternate seat back. 9. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a pocket secured to the second side. 10. A seat back cover according to claim 9, further comprising a loop secured to the second side spaced from the pocket. 11. A seat back cover according to claim 1, further comprising a loop secured to the second side. 12. A party kit for decorating a plurality of seat backs, the party kit including a plurality of seat back covers, wherein each of the seat back covers comprises: a first side sized larger than a seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount; and a second side connected with the first side and sized larger than the seat back over which the seat back cover is intended to mount, wherein the first side being connected to the second side defines a bag assembly having an open end, a closed end and an interior space, wherein the interior space is sized to fit over the seat back, and wherein the seat back cover formed of plastic or paper. 13. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of seat back covers are concatenated in a strip. 14. A party kit according to claim 13, wherein the concatenated seat back covers are separated from one another by perforations. 15. A party kit according to claim 14, wherein each of the seat back covers comprises a heat welded bottom at the closed end and heat welded sides. 16. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein each of the seat back covers further comprises adhesive strips positioned on the second side and covered with a corresponding pair of protective strips, the adhesive strips being exposed by removing the protective strips. 17. A party kit according to claim 16, wherein the adhesive strips are positioned proximate to corners of the closed end. 18. A party kit according to claim 12, wherein each of the seat back covers further comprises at least one of a pocket secured to the second side and a loop secured to the second side.	3,600
12,941	12,941	13,765,045	3,628	Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and computer systems for reporting unusual or anomalous usage or spending of a commodity by consumers. A computer system retrieves a set of usage-information datasets corresponding to a set of consumers, each dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and a current usage of the commodity during the current billing period. The computer system establishes a set of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each of the report-trigger conditions corresponding to a consumer. The computer system monitor usage or spending of the set of consumers to determine, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer fulfills the consumer's report-trigger condition. Once the report-trigger condition is fulfilled, the computer system outputs a report to the consumer.	1. A computer-implemented method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer-implemented method comprising: retrieving a plurality of usage-information datasets, each dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a consumer, each usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and an completed portion of the current billing period; establishing a plurality of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition corresponding to each consumer and based at least in part on the past usage in the usage-information dataset; and determining, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer for a remaining portion of the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for the respective consumer and, if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer, wherein the estimated usage is determined based at least in part on usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period is based upon a trailing history of the usage by the consumer in the completed portion of the current billing period. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein establishing the plurality of report-trigger conditions is performed prior to the current billing period. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the past usage, in the usage-information dataset upon which the plurality of report-trigger conditions are at least in part established, is during a period in a season that corresponds to a season of the current billing period. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions comprise, for each consumer, the estimated usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period exceeding 130 percent of the past usage during a corresponding period. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions comprise, for each consumer, the estimated usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period exceeding a consumer-specified threshold for the billing period. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein outputting the report includes at least one of: generating an electronic message, including at least one of an electronic mail message, a short message service (SMS) message, an automated voice message, and a signal sent to an electronic device located at a location associated with the consumer. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7, wherein the electronic device includes a thermostat. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the commodity includes at least one of electricity, water, and gas. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the report-trigger condition is based, in part, on at least one of: the usage of the commodity by the consumer and a present cost of the commodity. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed at a plurality of spaced-apart instances in time during the current billing period. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed after half of the current billing period has transpired, wherein the current billing period is at least four week in duration. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed after a pre-defined time within the current billing period. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the current billing period has a duration based at least in part upon at least one of: an average of durations between three billing periods and twelve completed billing periods, and a default period. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the trailing history comprises usage information for five to ten days of the completed portion of the current billing period. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions includes, for each consumer, a data-value representing the consumer consenting to receiving the report. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the report to the consumer displays the unusual usage of the commodity as indicia of at least one of high cost, high usage, high environmental impact, and high carbon footprint. 18. A computer-implemented method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer-implemented method comprising: retrieving a usage-information dataset corresponding to the usage of the commodity by the consumer, the usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and a usage of the commodity during a completed portion of the billing period; retrieving a cost-rate dataset for the current billing period; establishing a plurality of a report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition based at least in part from the past usage in the usage-information dataset and the cost-rate dataset, determining, for each consumer, whether an estimated cost for the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for a respective consumer, and if the estimated cost for the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition being fulfilled, outputting an report to the consumer, wherein the estimated cost for the current billing period is determined from the cost-rate dataset and an estimated usage for the current billing period, the estimated usage for the current billing period being determined based at least in part on the usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for a remaining portion of the current billing period. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein the forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period is based upon a trailing history of the current usage in the completed portion of the current billing period. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein the cost rate dataset includes a plurality of cost values associated a plurality of time instances within the current billing period. 21. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein each of the report-trigger conditions is based, in part, on the forecast usage of the commodity by the consumer exceeding a pre-defined cost threshold. 22. A computer program product, which is stored on a machine-readable medium, or computer data signal, embodied by an electromagnetic wave, comprising program code for carrying out a method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer program product comprising: computer code to retrieve a plurality of usage-information datasets, each dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a consumer, each usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and an completed portion of the current billing period; computer code to establish a plurality of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition corresponding to each consumer and based at least in part on the past usage in the usage-information dataset; and computer code to determine, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer for a remaining portion of the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for the respective consumer and, if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer, wherein the estimated usage is determined based at least in part on usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period. 23. A system comprising: a memory configured to store usage data associated to a commodity, the usage data includes, in part, a usage-information dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a plurality of consumers, the usage-information includes, in part, past usage-information of the commodity during at least one of completed billing period and a current usage of the commodity during a current incomplete billing period; a communication port configured to transmit report data to a plurality of consumers; a control program configured to control the memory and communication port; retrieve the usage-information dataset for a consumer, establish a report-trigger condition for the current billing period for the consumer, the report-trigger condition based at least in part from the past usage in the usage-information dataset, determine, for each consumer, an estimated usage for the current billing period based at least on usage for a completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of usage for a remaining portion of the current billing period; and continuously determine whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition for each respective consumer; and if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer through the communication port. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the communication port is configured to interface, in part, to at least one of a meter, a thermostat, a network, a data exchange interface of a cellular network and a data exchange interface to an email server.	Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and computer systems for reporting unusual or anomalous usage or spending of a commodity by consumers. A computer system retrieves a set of usage-information datasets corresponding to a set of consumers, each dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and a current usage of the commodity during the current billing period. The computer system establishes a set of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each of the report-trigger conditions corresponding to a consumer. The computer system monitor usage or spending of the set of consumers to determine, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer fulfills the consumer's report-trigger condition. Once the report-trigger condition is fulfilled, the computer system outputs a report to the consumer.1. A computer-implemented method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer-implemented method comprising: retrieving a plurality of usage-information datasets, each dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a consumer, each usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and an completed portion of the current billing period; establishing a plurality of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition corresponding to each consumer and based at least in part on the past usage in the usage-information dataset; and determining, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer for a remaining portion of the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for the respective consumer and, if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer, wherein the estimated usage is determined based at least in part on usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period is based upon a trailing history of the usage by the consumer in the completed portion of the current billing period. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein establishing the plurality of report-trigger conditions is performed prior to the current billing period. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the past usage, in the usage-information dataset upon which the plurality of report-trigger conditions are at least in part established, is during a period in a season that corresponds to a season of the current billing period. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions comprise, for each consumer, the estimated usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period exceeding 130 percent of the past usage during a corresponding period. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions comprise, for each consumer, the estimated usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period exceeding a consumer-specified threshold for the billing period. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein outputting the report includes at least one of: generating an electronic message, including at least one of an electronic mail message, a short message service (SMS) message, an automated voice message, and a signal sent to an electronic device located at a location associated with the consumer. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7, wherein the electronic device includes a thermostat. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the commodity includes at least one of electricity, water, and gas. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the report-trigger condition is based, in part, on at least one of: the usage of the commodity by the consumer and a present cost of the commodity. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed at a plurality of spaced-apart instances in time during the current billing period. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed after half of the current billing period has transpired, wherein the current billing period is at least four week in duration. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition is performed after a pre-defined time within the current billing period. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the current billing period has a duration based at least in part upon at least one of: an average of durations between three billing periods and twelve completed billing periods, and a default period. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the trailing history comprises usage information for five to ten days of the completed portion of the current billing period. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of report-trigger conditions includes, for each consumer, a data-value representing the consumer consenting to receiving the report. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the report to the consumer displays the unusual usage of the commodity as indicia of at least one of high cost, high usage, high environmental impact, and high carbon footprint. 18. A computer-implemented method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer-implemented method comprising: retrieving a usage-information dataset corresponding to the usage of the commodity by the consumer, the usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and a usage of the commodity during a completed portion of the billing period; retrieving a cost-rate dataset for the current billing period; establishing a plurality of a report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition based at least in part from the past usage in the usage-information dataset and the cost-rate dataset, determining, for each consumer, whether an estimated cost for the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for a respective consumer, and if the estimated cost for the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition being fulfilled, outputting an report to the consumer, wherein the estimated cost for the current billing period is determined from the cost-rate dataset and an estimated usage for the current billing period, the estimated usage for the current billing period being determined based at least in part on the usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for a remaining portion of the current billing period. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein the forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period is based upon a trailing history of the current usage in the completed portion of the current billing period. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein the cost rate dataset includes a plurality of cost values associated a plurality of time instances within the current billing period. 21. The computer-implemented method of claim 18, wherein each of the report-trigger conditions is based, in part, on the forecast usage of the commodity by the consumer exceeding a pre-defined cost threshold. 22. A computer program product, which is stored on a machine-readable medium, or computer data signal, embodied by an electromagnetic wave, comprising program code for carrying out a method of reducing a usage or cost of a commodity by reporting to consumers of unusual usage of the commodity, wherein the unusual usage is by a consumer during a current billing period, and wherein the current billing period is incomplete, the computer program product comprising: computer code to retrieve a plurality of usage-information datasets, each dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a consumer, each usage-information dataset including past usage of the commodity during at least one of a completed billing period and an completed portion of the current billing period; computer code to establish a plurality of report-trigger conditions for the current billing period, each report-trigger condition corresponding to each consumer and based at least in part on the past usage in the usage-information dataset; and computer code to determine, for each consumer, whether an estimated usage established for each consumer for a remaining portion of the current billing period fulfills the report-trigger condition for the respective consumer and, if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer, wherein the estimated usage is determined based at least in part on usage for the completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of the usage for the remaining portion of the current billing period. 23. A system comprising: a memory configured to store usage data associated to a commodity, the usage data includes, in part, a usage-information dataset corresponding to usage of the commodity by a plurality of consumers, the usage-information includes, in part, past usage-information of the commodity during at least one of completed billing period and a current usage of the commodity during a current incomplete billing period; a communication port configured to transmit report data to a plurality of consumers; a control program configured to control the memory and communication port; retrieve the usage-information dataset for a consumer, establish a report-trigger condition for the current billing period for the consumer, the report-trigger condition based at least in part from the past usage in the usage-information dataset, determine, for each consumer, an estimated usage for the current billing period based at least on usage for a completed portion of the current billing period and a forecast of usage for a remaining portion of the current billing period; and continuously determine whether the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition for each respective consumer; and if the estimated usage fulfills the report-trigger condition, outputting a report to the consumer through the communication port. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the communication port is configured to interface, in part, to at least one of a meter, a thermostat, a network, a data exchange interface of a cellular network and a data exchange interface to an email server.	3,600
12,942	12,942	13,802,446	3,626	A context-aware healthcare notification system may include a processor and a memory. The memory may include instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to determine when a user device is within a proximity of a healthcare device or a patient, receive information related to the healthcare device or patient from multiple healthcare systems, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the healthcare device or the patient, and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the information. In one or more embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the processor, may further cause the processor to receive information from the healthcare device, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the healthcare device or the patient, and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the information.	1. A user device for facilitating healthcare, comprising: a processor; and a memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: determine when the user device is within proximity of at least one healthcare device; receive information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device when the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device; and display at least a portion of the received information. 2. The user device of claim 1, wherein the at least the portion of the received information comprises an alert and the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: display the alert when there is at least one safety issue pertaining to the at least one healthcare device. 3. The user device of claim 2, wherein the at least one safety issue comprises an indication that a patient associated with the healthcare device may receive a wrong medication. 4. The user device of claim 3, wherein the alert indicates that another medication for the patient is available at a drug dispensing device. 5. The user device of claim 2, wherein the information comprises at least one of safety information or drug interaction information. 6. The user device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to receive the information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device from the at least one healthcare device. 7. The user device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to receive the information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device from a control system. 8. The user device of claim 7, wherein the information comprises data items that originate from a plurality of healthcare systems. 9. The user device of claim 7, further comprising an induction coil, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: determine whether the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device based on whether the processor can interface with the healthcare device using the induction coil. 10. The user device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to determine when the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device based on receiving a wireless communication signal from the at least one healthcare device, the wireless communication signal comprising at least one of an Infrared signal, a Bluetooth signal, or a wireless Ethernet signal. 11. The user device of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: transmit, to the control system, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device, when the processor determines that the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device. 12. The user device of claim 7, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: receive, from the control system, an indication that the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device. 13. The user device of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: reprogram, over a communication network, the at least one healthcare device based at least in part on the received information. 14. A user device for facilitating healthcare, comprising: a wireless interface configured to determine when the user device is located within a proximity of a patient; a receiver configured to receive information related to the patient when the user device is located within the proximity of the patient; a processor configured to determine whether the information indicates that corrective action is required; and a display configured to display an alert comprising at least a portion of the information when the information indicates that corrective action is required. 15. The user device of claim 14, wherein the alert indicates a course of action for performing the corrective action. 16. The user device of claim 14, wherein the wireless interface comprises an induction coil. 17. The user device of claim 16, wherein the wireless interface is configured to use the induction coil to determine when the user device is located within the proximity of a radio frequency device associated with the patient. 18. The user device of claim 17, wherein the radio frequency device comprises a wristband. 19. The user device of claim 14, wherein the receiver is configured to receive the information pertaining to the patient from a control system over a communication network. 20. The device of claim 14, wherein the information related to the patient comprises at least one of safety information or drug interaction information and the display is further configured to display the safety information or the drug interaction information. 21. A method for providing context associated information to a user device, the method comprising: determining, by a user device, that the user device is within a proximity of a patient or a healthcare device; receiving, by the device, information that relates to the patient or the healthcare device; determining, by the device, whether the information indicates that corrective action is required or a safety issue exists; and displaying, by the device, at least a portion of the information when the information indicates that the corrective action is required or the safety issue exists. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least the portion of the information comprises an alert. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining, by the user device, that the user device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device further comprises receiving, by the user device, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining, by the device, that the device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device further comprises detecting, by the device, that the device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device based at least in part on a radio frequency signal received from, or transmitted to, the healthcare device or a radio frequency wristband associated with the patient. 25. A system, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory including instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: determine when a user device is within a proximity of at least one healthcare device or at least one patient; receive first information related to the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient from a plurality of healthcare systems over a communication network, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient; and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the first information related to the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient. 26. The system of claim 25, wherein at least one of the plurality of healthcare systems comprises a pharmacy information system, a hospital information system, or a physician order entry system, the at least one healthcare device comprises at least one of a patient feeding device, an infusion device, a patient monitoring device, or a respiratory device, and the user device comprises portable device with a screen. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least the portion of the first information comprises lab results for the at least one patient, the lab results being received from a laboratory information system. 28. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive, from the user device over the communication network, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient; and determine that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient based at least in part on the received indication. 29. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive, from the at least one healthcare device over the communication network, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device; and determine that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device based at least in part on the indication. 30. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive second information from the at least one healthcare device over the communication network, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the patient; and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the second information.	A context-aware healthcare notification system may include a processor and a memory. The memory may include instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to determine when a user device is within a proximity of a healthcare device or a patient, receive information related to the healthcare device or patient from multiple healthcare systems, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the healthcare device or the patient, and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the information. In one or more embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the processor, may further cause the processor to receive information from the healthcare device, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the healthcare device or the patient, and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the information.1. A user device for facilitating healthcare, comprising: a processor; and a memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: determine when the user device is within proximity of at least one healthcare device; receive information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device when the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device; and display at least a portion of the received information. 2. The user device of claim 1, wherein the at least the portion of the received information comprises an alert and the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: display the alert when there is at least one safety issue pertaining to the at least one healthcare device. 3. The user device of claim 2, wherein the at least one safety issue comprises an indication that a patient associated with the healthcare device may receive a wrong medication. 4. The user device of claim 3, wherein the alert indicates that another medication for the patient is available at a drug dispensing device. 5. The user device of claim 2, wherein the information comprises at least one of safety information or drug interaction information. 6. The user device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to receive the information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device from the at least one healthcare device. 7. The user device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to receive the information pertaining to the at least one healthcare device from a control system. 8. The user device of claim 7, wherein the information comprises data items that originate from a plurality of healthcare systems. 9. The user device of claim 7, further comprising an induction coil, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: determine whether the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device based on whether the processor can interface with the healthcare device using the induction coil. 10. The user device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to determine when the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device based on receiving a wireless communication signal from the at least one healthcare device, the wireless communication signal comprising at least one of an Infrared signal, a Bluetooth signal, or a wireless Ethernet signal. 11. The user device of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: transmit, to the control system, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device, when the processor determines that the user device is within the proximity of the healthcare device. 12. The user device of claim 7, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: receive, from the control system, an indication that the device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device. 13. The user device of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the processor to: reprogram, over a communication network, the at least one healthcare device based at least in part on the received information. 14. A user device for facilitating healthcare, comprising: a wireless interface configured to determine when the user device is located within a proximity of a patient; a receiver configured to receive information related to the patient when the user device is located within the proximity of the patient; a processor configured to determine whether the information indicates that corrective action is required; and a display configured to display an alert comprising at least a portion of the information when the information indicates that corrective action is required. 15. The user device of claim 14, wherein the alert indicates a course of action for performing the corrective action. 16. The user device of claim 14, wherein the wireless interface comprises an induction coil. 17. The user device of claim 16, wherein the wireless interface is configured to use the induction coil to determine when the user device is located within the proximity of a radio frequency device associated with the patient. 18. The user device of claim 17, wherein the radio frequency device comprises a wristband. 19. The user device of claim 14, wherein the receiver is configured to receive the information pertaining to the patient from a control system over a communication network. 20. The device of claim 14, wherein the information related to the patient comprises at least one of safety information or drug interaction information and the display is further configured to display the safety information or the drug interaction information. 21. A method for providing context associated information to a user device, the method comprising: determining, by a user device, that the user device is within a proximity of a patient or a healthcare device; receiving, by the device, information that relates to the patient or the healthcare device; determining, by the device, whether the information indicates that corrective action is required or a safety issue exists; and displaying, by the device, at least a portion of the information when the information indicates that the corrective action is required or the safety issue exists. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least the portion of the information comprises an alert. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining, by the user device, that the user device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device further comprises receiving, by the user device, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining, by the device, that the device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device further comprises detecting, by the device, that the device is within the proximity of the patient or the healthcare device based at least in part on a radio frequency signal received from, or transmitted to, the healthcare device or a radio frequency wristband associated with the patient. 25. A system, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory including instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: determine when a user device is within a proximity of at least one healthcare device or at least one patient; receive first information related to the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient from a plurality of healthcare systems over a communication network, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient; and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the first information related to the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient. 26. The system of claim 25, wherein at least one of the plurality of healthcare systems comprises a pharmacy information system, a hospital information system, or a physician order entry system, the at least one healthcare device comprises at least one of a patient feeding device, an infusion device, a patient monitoring device, or a respiratory device, and the user device comprises portable device with a screen. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least the portion of the first information comprises lab results for the at least one patient, the lab results being received from a laboratory information system. 28. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive, from the user device over the communication network, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient; and determine that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the at least one patient based at least in part on the received indication. 29. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive, from the at least one healthcare device over the communication network, an indication that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device; and determine that the user device is within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device based at least in part on the indication. 30. The system of claim 25, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive second information from the at least one healthcare device over the communication network, when the user device is determined to be within the proximity of the at least one healthcare device or the patient; and transmit, to the user device over the communication network, at least a portion of the second information.	3,600
12,943	12,943	14,751,690	3,646	A nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly includes a part in a reactor housing structure. The part includes a body a vibration absorber. The body includes an internal surface. The internal surface of the body defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body. The vibration absorber includes at least one of a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body.	1. A nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly, comprising: a reactor housing structure; and a part in the reactor housing structure, the part including a body and a vibration absorber, the body including an internal surface, the internal surface of the body defining at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body, and the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 2. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, further comprising: at least one of a shroud, a support plate, a chimney assembly, a core plate, a top guide, a nozzle, a sparger, a fluid separator, a stand pipe, and a dryer, wherein the part is one of the at least one of the shroud, the support plate, the chimney assembly, the core plate, the top guide, the tubular structure, the nozzle, the sparger, the steam separator, the stand pipe, and the dryer. 3. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the part is embedded in the reactor housing structure. 4. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the harmonic oscillator, and the harmonic oscillator includes at least one spring-mass structure. 5. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the shear multiplier structure, the shear multiplier structure includes a viscoelastic damping material between two layers, and at least one end of the shear multiplier structure is connected to the inner surface of the body. 6. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure, and the hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure includes a viscoelastic damping material surrounding a mass. 7. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the distributed damping structure incorporated into the body, a grain microstructure of the distributed damping structure includes a first material dispersed in a second material, and a damping coefficient of the first material is greater than a damping coefficient of the second material. 8. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 7, wherein an outer portion of the body includes the second material and not the first material, the outer portion of the body surrounds the distributed damping structure such that the distributed damping structure is not exposed to the environment external to the body, and the first material includes magnesium. 9. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein a material of the body includes one of a low alloy steel, a stainless steel, a nickel-based alloy, and a combination thereof. 10. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the body is a unibody structure. 11. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of parts, wherein the plurality of parts include the part in the reactor housing structure, and the plurality of parts are in the reactor housing structure. 12. A part comprising: a body including an internal surface, the internal surface of the body defining at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body; and a vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 13. The part of claim 12, wherein the vibration absorber includes the distributed damping structure incorporated into the housing, a grain microstructure of the distributed damping structure includes a first material dispersed in a second material, and a damping coefficient of the first material is greater than a damping coefficient of the second material. 14. The part of claim 12, wherein a material of the body includes one of a low alloy steel, a stainless steel, a nickel-based alloy, and a combination thereof. 15. The part of claim 12, wherein the part is configured to have a natural frequency that is different than a natural frequency of a reference part, and the reference part does not include a vibration absorber. 16. The part of claim 12, wherein the vibration absorber includes the harmonic oscillator. 17. A method of manufacturing a modified nuclear-reactor part based on a reference part, comprising: forming a body of the modified nuclear-reactor part based on a body of the reference part, the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part having a different structure than the body of the reference part at least because an internal surface of the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part; and forming a vibration absorber in the modified nuclear-reactor part, the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 18. A method of manufacturing a modified part based on a reference part, comprising: forming a body of the modified part based on a body of the reference part, the body of the modified part having a different structure than the body of the reference part at least because an internal surface of the body of the modified part defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body of the modified part; and forming a vibration absorber in the modified part, the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the forming the vibration absorber in the modified part includes at least one of: changing a natural frequency of the modified part relative to a natural frequency of the reference part, and changing a damping level of the modified part relative to a damping level of the reference part such that the damping level of the modified part is greater than the damping level of the reference part. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the changing the natural frequency of the modified part relative the natural frequency of the reference part includes one of: adding a mass into the at least one cavity of the modified part, and increasing a stiffness of the modified part such that the stiffness of the modified part is greater than a stiffness of the reference part. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the forming the body of the modified part and the forming the vibration absorber in the modified part are performed using an additive manufacturing apparatus.	A nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly includes a part in a reactor housing structure. The part includes a body a vibration absorber. The body includes an internal surface. The internal surface of the body defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body. The vibration absorber includes at least one of a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body.1. A nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly, comprising: a reactor housing structure; and a part in the reactor housing structure, the part including a body and a vibration absorber, the body including an internal surface, the internal surface of the body defining at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body, and the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 2. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, further comprising: at least one of a shroud, a support plate, a chimney assembly, a core plate, a top guide, a nozzle, a sparger, a fluid separator, a stand pipe, and a dryer, wherein the part is one of the at least one of the shroud, the support plate, the chimney assembly, the core plate, the top guide, the tubular structure, the nozzle, the sparger, the steam separator, the stand pipe, and the dryer. 3. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the part is embedded in the reactor housing structure. 4. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the harmonic oscillator, and the harmonic oscillator includes at least one spring-mass structure. 5. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the shear multiplier structure, the shear multiplier structure includes a viscoelastic damping material between two layers, and at least one end of the shear multiplier structure is connected to the inner surface of the body. 6. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure, and the hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure includes a viscoelastic damping material surrounding a mass. 7. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the vibration absorber includes the distributed damping structure incorporated into the body, a grain microstructure of the distributed damping structure includes a first material dispersed in a second material, and a damping coefficient of the first material is greater than a damping coefficient of the second material. 8. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 7, wherein an outer portion of the body includes the second material and not the first material, the outer portion of the body surrounds the distributed damping structure such that the distributed damping structure is not exposed to the environment external to the body, and the first material includes magnesium. 9. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein a material of the body includes one of a low alloy steel, a stainless steel, a nickel-based alloy, and a combination thereof. 10. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, wherein the body is a unibody structure. 11. The nuclear reactor pressure vessel assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of parts, wherein the plurality of parts include the part in the reactor housing structure, and the plurality of parts are in the reactor housing structure. 12. A part comprising: a body including an internal surface, the internal surface of the body defining at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body; and a vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 13. The part of claim 12, wherein the vibration absorber includes the distributed damping structure incorporated into the housing, a grain microstructure of the distributed damping structure includes a first material dispersed in a second material, and a damping coefficient of the first material is greater than a damping coefficient of the second material. 14. The part of claim 12, wherein a material of the body includes one of a low alloy steel, a stainless steel, a nickel-based alloy, and a combination thereof. 15. The part of claim 12, wherein the part is configured to have a natural frequency that is different than a natural frequency of a reference part, and the reference part does not include a vibration absorber. 16. The part of claim 12, wherein the vibration absorber includes the harmonic oscillator. 17. A method of manufacturing a modified nuclear-reactor part based on a reference part, comprising: forming a body of the modified nuclear-reactor part based on a body of the reference part, the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part having a different structure than the body of the reference part at least because an internal surface of the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body of the modified nuclear-reactor part; and forming a vibration absorber in the modified nuclear-reactor part, the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body or an external surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 18. A method of manufacturing a modified part based on a reference part, comprising: forming a body of the modified part based on a body of the reference part, the body of the modified part having a different structure than the body of the reference part at least because an internal surface of the body of the modified part defines at least one cavity that is not exposed to an environment external to the body of the modified part; and forming a vibration absorber in the modified part, the vibration absorber including at least one of, a harmonic oscillator connected to the internal surface of the body, a shear multiplier structure in the at least one cavity, a hybrid mass-viscoelastic structure in the at least one cavity and not secured to the internal surface of the body, and a distributed damping structure incorporated into the body. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the forming the vibration absorber in the modified part includes at least one of: changing a natural frequency of the modified part relative to a natural frequency of the reference part, and changing a damping level of the modified part relative to a damping level of the reference part such that the damping level of the modified part is greater than the damping level of the reference part. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the changing the natural frequency of the modified part relative the natural frequency of the reference part includes one of: adding a mass into the at least one cavity of the modified part, and increasing a stiffness of the modified part such that the stiffness of the modified part is greater than a stiffness of the reference part. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the forming the body of the modified part and the forming the vibration absorber in the modified part are performed using an additive manufacturing apparatus.	3,600
12,944	12,944	13,689,639	3,681	A social networking system receives a request to generate a post including a content item from a user and extracts a topic from the content item. Using the extracted topic, the social networking system identifies candidate keywords, each associated with one or more expected values. The social networking system may use information associated with the user to determine the expected values associated with the candidate keywords. Using the expected values, the social networking system ranks the candidate keywords and selects a keyword from the candidate keywords based on the ranking. Based on the selected keyword the social networking system generates a link to content and includes the link to content and the generated content item in the post that is presented to the user.	1. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying one or more candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system; determining an expected value associated with each of the candidate keywords; ranking the candidate keywords based at least in part on the expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item the link to content to the user. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an expected value associated with each of the candidate keywords comprises: retrieving user information from the social networking system describing one or more characteristics of the user; comparing the user information with one or more user categories associated with each candidate keyword, each user category associated with one or more characteristics; and retrieving an expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the retrieved user information includes one or more characteristics of additional users connected to the user in the social networking system. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving an additional request to generate the post from an additional device associated with an additional user of the social networking system; retrieving user information describing one or more characteristics of the additional user from the social networking system; comparing the user information describing the one or more characteristics of the additional user with one or more user categories associated with each candidate keyword, each user category associated with one or more characteristics; retrieving an additional expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the r the user information describing the one or more characteristics of the additional user; ranking the candidate keywords based on the additional expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword for the additional user from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking, based on the additional expected values; generating a link to content based on keyword for the additional user; generating an additional post based on the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the additional device associated with the additional user for presenting the content item and the link to content to the additional user. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the link to content identifies the same content for the user and for the additional user. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses the link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword based on whether the user accesses the link. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword is a product of an advertisement bid price associated with the candidate keyword and a probability of the user accessing the candidate keyword. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword is based at least in part on the topic. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 11. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system, each keyword associated with one or more expected values associated one or more user categories; retrieving user information from the social networking system describing one or more characteristics of the user; comparing the user information with one or more user categories associated with each expected value retrieving an expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information ranking the candidate keywords based on the retrieved expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item and the link to content to the user. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the retrieved user information includes one or more characteristics of additional users connected to the user in the social networking system 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword and associated with the user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information based on whether the user accesses the link. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword and with a user category is a product of an advertisement bid price associated with the candidate keyword and a probability of the user accessing the candidate keyword. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 17. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system, each keyword associated with one or more expected values associated with different topics; retrieving expected values of each of the candidate advertisements associated with the extracted topic; ranking the candidate keywords based on the expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item and the link to content to the user. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 20. The method of claim 17, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses the link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword based on whether the user accesses the link.	A social networking system receives a request to generate a post including a content item from a user and extracts a topic from the content item. Using the extracted topic, the social networking system identifies candidate keywords, each associated with one or more expected values. The social networking system may use information associated with the user to determine the expected values associated with the candidate keywords. Using the expected values, the social networking system ranks the candidate keywords and selects a keyword from the candidate keywords based on the ranking. Based on the selected keyword the social networking system generates a link to content and includes the link to content and the generated content item in the post that is presented to the user.1. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying one or more candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system; determining an expected value associated with each of the candidate keywords; ranking the candidate keywords based at least in part on the expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item the link to content to the user. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an expected value associated with each of the candidate keywords comprises: retrieving user information from the social networking system describing one or more characteristics of the user; comparing the user information with one or more user categories associated with each candidate keyword, each user category associated with one or more characteristics; and retrieving an expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the retrieved user information includes one or more characteristics of additional users connected to the user in the social networking system. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving an additional request to generate the post from an additional device associated with an additional user of the social networking system; retrieving user information describing one or more characteristics of the additional user from the social networking system; comparing the user information describing the one or more characteristics of the additional user with one or more user categories associated with each candidate keyword, each user category associated with one or more characteristics; retrieving an additional expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the r the user information describing the one or more characteristics of the additional user; ranking the candidate keywords based on the additional expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword for the additional user from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking, based on the additional expected values; generating a link to content based on keyword for the additional user; generating an additional post based on the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the additional device associated with the additional user for presenting the content item and the link to content to the additional user. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the link to content identifies the same content for the user and for the additional user. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses the link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword based on whether the user accesses the link. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword is a product of an advertisement bid price associated with the candidate keyword and a probability of the user accessing the candidate keyword. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword is based at least in part on the topic. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 11. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system, each keyword associated with one or more expected values associated one or more user categories; retrieving user information from the social networking system describing one or more characteristics of the user; comparing the user information with one or more user categories associated with each expected value retrieving an expected value associated with a candidate keyword and associated with a user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information ranking the candidate keywords based on the retrieved expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item and the link to content to the user. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the retrieved user information includes one or more characteristics of additional users connected to the user in the social networking system 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword and associated with the user category having a largest number of characteristics satisfied by the retrieved user information based on whether the user accesses the link. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the expected value associated with a candidate keyword and with a user category is a product of an advertisement bid price associated with the candidate keyword and a probability of the user accessing the candidate keyword. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 17. A method comprising: receiving a request to generate a post including a content item for presentation through a social networking system from a device associated with a user of the social networking system; extracting a topic from the content item; identifying candidate keywords associated with the extracted topic from keywords maintained by the social networking system, each keyword associated with one or more expected values associated with different topics; retrieving expected values of each of the candidate advertisements associated with the extracted topic; ranking the candidate keywords based on the expected values associated with the candidate keywords; selecting a keyword from the identified candidate keywords based on the ranking; generating a link to content based on the selected keyword; generating the post including the content item and the link to content; and providing the post to the device for presentation of the content item and the link to content to the user. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the link is selected from the group consisting of: a hyperlink to a website associated with the selected keyword, a hyperlink to a search landing page including search results based on the selected keyword, and any combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the search landing page contains an advertisement. 20. The method of claim 17, further comprising: monitoring whether the user accesses the link; and updating the expected value associated with the selected keyword based on whether the user accesses the link.	3,600
12,945	12,945	15,046,804	3,662	A camera on a vehicle captures an image of the surroundings, and the image is presented in a window of the vehicle that is established by a transparent display such as an OLED display or transparent LCD display. The image from the camera is presented on the display according to the angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle, such that an occupant of the vehicle sees the image on the window substantially in the same relative location with respect to the surroundings as the occupant would see looking at the objects in the image through the window. In other embodiments images from a database are presented on the window superimposed onto background objects seen through the window.	1. At least one apparatus comprising: at least one computer memory that is not a transitory signal and that comprises instructions executable by at least one processor to: receive an image from a camera on a vehicle of background surroundings of the vehicle; access data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle; and based at least in part on the data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, present an object on a display on the vehicle. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is a window of the vehicle. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the display is one of a transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) display and a transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is a sunroof of the vehicle. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is not a window of the vehicle. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image is generated by the camera. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image is not generated by the camera. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising the at least one processor. 9. A method comprising: imaging, using a camera, surroundings of a vehicle to generate at least one image; presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle, such that an occupant of the vehicle sees the image on the window substantially in the same relative location with respect to the surroundings as the occupant would see looking at the objects in the image through the window. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the window includes a transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the window includes a transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 12. The method of claim 9, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an elevational angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 13. The method of claim 9, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an azimuthal angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 14. The method of claim 12, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an azimuthal angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 15. At least one apparatus comprising: a display configured to match the curvatures and contours of a vehicle window; the display able to render text, video and images to interior occupants of the vehicle; the apparatus being configured with instructions executable to receive an image from a camera on the vehicle of background surroundings of the vehicle, access data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, and based at least in part on the data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, present an object on the display; and the display is one of transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) and transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the glass in the display conforms to regulatory safety guidelines. 17. The assembly apparatus of claim 15, wherein the images are generated by at least one camera on the vehicle. 18. The assembly apparatus of claim 15, wherein at least some of the images are not generated by a camera mounted on the vehicle and are selected from a database using object recognition of at least one object in at least one image from the camera mounted on the vehicle.	A camera on a vehicle captures an image of the surroundings, and the image is presented in a window of the vehicle that is established by a transparent display such as an OLED display or transparent LCD display. The image from the camera is presented on the display according to the angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle, such that an occupant of the vehicle sees the image on the window substantially in the same relative location with respect to the surroundings as the occupant would see looking at the objects in the image through the window. In other embodiments images from a database are presented on the window superimposed onto background objects seen through the window.1. At least one apparatus comprising: at least one computer memory that is not a transitory signal and that comprises instructions executable by at least one processor to: receive an image from a camera on a vehicle of background surroundings of the vehicle; access data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle; and based at least in part on the data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, present an object on a display on the vehicle. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is a window of the vehicle. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the display is one of a transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) display and a transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is a sunroof of the vehicle. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display is not a window of the vehicle. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image is generated by the camera. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image is not generated by the camera. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising the at least one processor. 9. A method comprising: imaging, using a camera, surroundings of a vehicle to generate at least one image; presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle, such that an occupant of the vehicle sees the image on the window substantially in the same relative location with respect to the surroundings as the occupant would see looking at the objects in the image through the window. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the window includes a transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the window includes a transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 12. The method of claim 9, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an elevational angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 13. The method of claim 9, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an azimuthal angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 14. The method of claim 12, comprising: presenting the image on at least one window of the vehicle according to an azimuthal angle of the camera with respect to the vehicle. 15. At least one apparatus comprising: a display configured to match the curvatures and contours of a vehicle window; the display able to render text, video and images to interior occupants of the vehicle; the apparatus being configured with instructions executable to receive an image from a camera on the vehicle of background surroundings of the vehicle, access data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, and based at least in part on the data representing orientation of the camera relative to the vehicle, present an object on the display; and the display is one of transparent organic light emitting diode (OLED) and transparent liquid crystal display (LCD). 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the glass in the display conforms to regulatory safety guidelines. 17. The assembly apparatus of claim 15, wherein the images are generated by at least one camera on the vehicle. 18. The assembly apparatus of claim 15, wherein at least some of the images are not generated by a camera mounted on the vehicle and are selected from a database using object recognition of at least one object in at least one image from the camera mounted on the vehicle.	3,600
12,946	12,946	13,584,455	3,692	Methods and systems are provided herewith for rating a likelihood of payment of one or more cash flows. A computing device determines a probability of payment for one or more scheduled payments for each of one or more debt instruments in a debt instrument portfolio. The computing device may also determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on the quantity and purchase price associated with each of the one or more debt instruments, the probability of payment for the one or more payments, a current market price of each of the one or more debt instruments, a net present expected value of the one or more payments in the payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, and/or a credit rating of one or more issuers associated with the debt instruments.	1. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive information about a debt instrument portfolio comprising one or more debt instruments, the information comprising, for each debt instrument, a price associated with the debt instrument in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a current value for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; after determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments, determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on: (1) the current value of each of the one or more debt instruments; and (2) the probability of payment for the one or more payments of each debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device electronically coupled to the at least one processor. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the one or more debt instruments comprises a plurality of debt instruments, in which the information comprises, for each debt instrument, a quantity of the debt instrument, and in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio further based on the quantity of each of the one or more debt instruments, and in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to determine an expected net present value of the one or more payments, and in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on the expected net present value of the one or more payments of each debt instrument. 3. (canceled) 4. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value of each respective debt instrument comprises a net investment amount, the net investment amount comprising an amount determined based on one or more amounts paid for the debt instrument by a current owner of the debt instrument less an amount based on any payments received on the debt instrument. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, in which the net investment amount comprises an amount based on the net present value of any amounts paid by the current owner for the one or more debt instruments less an amount based on the net present value of any payments received on the one or more debt instruments. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the information about a debt instrument portfolio comprises, for each debt instrument, a par value of the debt instrument, in which the act of determining by the at least one processor a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio is further based on the par value of each debt instrument. 7. (canceled) 8. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments comprises: determining a market price for a specific one of the one or more debt instruments; determining a futures price for the specific one of the one or more debt instruments, the futures price corresponding to a price after a specific payment on the specific debt instrument; and determining a current value for the specific payment based on the market price for the specific debt instrument and the futures price for the specific debt instrument. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining the portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on an initial credit rating for each of the one or more debt instruments, each initial credit rating being determined for an issuer of the corresponding debt instrument before an issuance of the corresponding debt instrument. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining the portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on a current credit rating for each of the one or more debt instruments, each current credit rating being determined for an issuer of the corresponding debt instrument. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value associated with each of the one or more debt instruments comprises a value determined based on a price at which a current owner purchased each respective debt instrument. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value for each debt instrument comprises a current market price for each respective debt instrument. 15-16. (canceled) 17. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to determine one or more hedge securities that would improve the cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio if the one or more hedge securities were added to the debt instrument portfolio. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to: purchase the one or more hedge securities in one or more quantities determined by the at least one processor, prompt a user to identify one or more discretionary assets in the debt instrument portfolio; sell at least one of the discretionary assets in exchange for an amount of proceeds; and purchase at least one of the hedge securities using at least a portion of the amount of proceeds. 19-21. (canceled) 22. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio further based on a net present value of a market price for each debt instrument. 23-32. (canceled) 33. A method, comprising: receiving by at least one processor a request to determine a cash flow rating of a debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a purchase price of the debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a current market price of the debt instrument and a payment schedule comprising one or more payments on the debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a probability of payment of the one or more payments based on one or more financial conditions associated with an issuer of the debt instrument; and causing by the at least one processor a display of (1) a plurality of amounts between zero and a total net present value of the one or more payments, in sequential order, and (2) a rating indicating a probability that each of the plurality of amounts will be received in connection with the debt instrument. 34. The method of claim 33, in which the display comprises a display in grid format, in which the rating indicating the probability that each of the plurality of amounts will be received is displayed in sequential order of the corresponding scheduled payment. 35-37. (canceled) 38. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive information about a debt instrument portfolio comprising one or more debt instruments, the information comprising, for each debt instrument, a price associated with the debt instrument in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on: (1) the price of each debt instrument; and (2) the probability of payment for the one or more payments of each debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device electronically coupled to the at least one processor. 39. The apparatus of claim 38, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments comprises determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments. 40. The apparatus of claim 39, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments comprises: determining a market price for a specific one of the one or more debt instruments; determining a futures price for the specific one of the one or more debt instruments, the futures price corresponding to a price after a specific payment on the specific debt instrument; and determining a current market price for the specific payment based on the market price for the specific debt instrument and the futures price for the specific debt instrument. 41. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive a price of a debt instrument; store the price in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on at least: (1) the price of the debt instrument; (2) the probability of payment of the debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device. 42. The apparatus of claim 41, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments comprises determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for one or more of the one or more payments.	Methods and systems are provided herewith for rating a likelihood of payment of one or more cash flows. A computing device determines a probability of payment for one or more scheduled payments for each of one or more debt instruments in a debt instrument portfolio. The computing device may also determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on the quantity and purchase price associated with each of the one or more debt instruments, the probability of payment for the one or more payments, a current market price of each of the one or more debt instruments, a net present expected value of the one or more payments in the payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, and/or a credit rating of one or more issuers associated with the debt instruments.1. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive information about a debt instrument portfolio comprising one or more debt instruments, the information comprising, for each debt instrument, a price associated with the debt instrument in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a current value for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; after determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments, determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on: (1) the current value of each of the one or more debt instruments; and (2) the probability of payment for the one or more payments of each debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device electronically coupled to the at least one processor. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the one or more debt instruments comprises a plurality of debt instruments, in which the information comprises, for each debt instrument, a quantity of the debt instrument, and in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio further based on the quantity of each of the one or more debt instruments, and in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to determine an expected net present value of the one or more payments, and in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on the expected net present value of the one or more payments of each debt instrument. 3. (canceled) 4. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value of each respective debt instrument comprises a net investment amount, the net investment amount comprising an amount determined based on one or more amounts paid for the debt instrument by a current owner of the debt instrument less an amount based on any payments received on the debt instrument. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, in which the net investment amount comprises an amount based on the net present value of any amounts paid by the current owner for the one or more debt instruments less an amount based on the net present value of any payments received on the one or more debt instruments. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the information about a debt instrument portfolio comprises, for each debt instrument, a par value of the debt instrument, in which the act of determining by the at least one processor a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio is further based on the par value of each debt instrument. 7. (canceled) 8. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments comprises: determining a market price for a specific one of the one or more debt instruments; determining a futures price for the specific one of the one or more debt instruments, the futures price corresponding to a price after a specific payment on the specific debt instrument; and determining a current value for the specific payment based on the market price for the specific debt instrument and the futures price for the specific debt instrument. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining the portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on an initial credit rating for each of the one or more debt instruments, each initial credit rating being determined for an issuer of the corresponding debt instrument before an issuance of the corresponding debt instrument. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining the portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on a current credit rating for each of the one or more debt instruments, each current credit rating being determined for an issuer of the corresponding debt instrument. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value associated with each of the one or more debt instruments comprises a value determined based on a price at which a current owner purchased each respective debt instrument. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the current value for each debt instrument comprises a current market price for each respective debt instrument. 15-16. (canceled) 17. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to determine one or more hedge securities that would improve the cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio if the one or more hedge securities were added to the debt instrument portfolio. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, in which the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further direct the at least one processor to: purchase the one or more hedge securities in one or more quantities determined by the at least one processor, prompt a user to identify one or more discretionary assets in the debt instrument portfolio; sell at least one of the discretionary assets in exchange for an amount of proceeds; and purchase at least one of the hedge securities using at least a portion of the amount of proceeds. 19-21. (canceled) 22. The apparatus of claim 1, in which the act of determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio comprises determining a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio further based on a net present value of a market price for each debt instrument. 23-32. (canceled) 33. A method, comprising: receiving by at least one processor a request to determine a cash flow rating of a debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a purchase price of the debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a current market price of the debt instrument and a payment schedule comprising one or more payments on the debt instrument; determining by the at least one processor a probability of payment of the one or more payments based on one or more financial conditions associated with an issuer of the debt instrument; and causing by the at least one processor a display of (1) a plurality of amounts between zero and a total net present value of the one or more payments, in sequential order, and (2) a rating indicating a probability that each of the plurality of amounts will be received in connection with the debt instrument. 34. The method of claim 33, in which the display comprises a display in grid format, in which the rating indicating the probability that each of the plurality of amounts will be received is displayed in sequential order of the corresponding scheduled payment. 35-37. (canceled) 38. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive information about a debt instrument portfolio comprising one or more debt instruments, the information comprising, for each debt instrument, a price associated with the debt instrument in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on: (1) the price of each debt instrument; and (2) the probability of payment for the one or more payments of each debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device electronically coupled to the at least one processor. 39. The apparatus of claim 38, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments comprises determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments. 40. The apparatus of claim 39, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for at least one of the one or more payments comprises: determining a market price for a specific one of the one or more debt instruments; determining a futures price for the specific one of the one or more debt instruments, the futures price corresponding to a price after a specific payment on the specific debt instrument; and determining a current market price for the specific payment based on the market price for the specific debt instrument and the futures price for the specific debt instrument. 41. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, directs the at least one processor to: receive a price of a debt instrument; store the price in a database electronically coupled to the at least one processor; determine a payment schedule for each of the one or more debt instruments, each payment schedule comprising one or more payments, each payment schedule correlating a series of payment amounts with respective scheduled times of payment; determine a probability of payment for the one or more payments for each of the one or more debt instruments; determine a portfolio cash flow rating of the debt instrument portfolio based on at least: (1) the price of the debt instrument; (2) the probability of payment of the debt instrument; and output the portfolio cash flow rating to an output device. 42. The apparatus of claim 41, in which the act of determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments comprises determining a probability of payment for the one or more payments based on a determined market price for one or more of the one or more payments.	3,600
12,947	12,947	14,473,981	3,682	Advertisement content presented to a user of an online system is presented along with an option allowing the user to view one or more reasons for presentation of the advertisement content to the user. If the user selects the option, based on targeting criteria associated with the advertisement content and characteristics associated with the user, the online system selects one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria and presents a description to the user identifying the selected one or more characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. The online system may apply one or more rules based on user perception of characteristics when selecting the one or more characteristics included in the description. An option for the user to prevent use of the selected one or more characteristics when the online system subsequently selects advertisement content for the user is also presented with the description.	1. A method comprising: receiving, at an online system, an advertisement (“ad”) request including advertisement content and targeting criteria, the targeting criteria identifying one or more characteristics of users of the online system eligible to be presented with the advertisement content; identifying an opportunity to present advertising to a user of the online system; identifying characteristics associated with the user by the online system; selecting the advertisement content included in the ad request for presentation to the user based on the identified characteristics satisfying at least a threshold amount of the targeting criteria included in the ad request; selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; presenting a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receiving an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics; and identifying additional ad requests including targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics as ineligible for presentation to the user. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: retrieving a ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria is based at least in part on feedback from one or more users of the online system associated with each of the characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting a characteristic having a maximum position in the ranking. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting one or more characteristics having at least a threshold position in the ranking. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: presenting the advertisement content to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the advertisement content was presented; receiving a selection of the option by the user; and selecting the one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request in response to receiving a selection of the option. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: determining scores associated with each of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores comprises: selecting an identified characteristic having a maximum score. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores comprises: selecting one or more identified characteristics associated with at least a threshold score. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user identifies a targeting criteria satisfied by a characteristic associated with the user. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: presenting an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; receiving information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; and comparing characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests to identify advertisement content eligible for presentation to the user. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests comprises: presenting one or more additional characteristics to the user for association with the user by the online system; and storing information associating an additional characteristic with the user in response to the user selecting the additional characteristic. 13. A method comprising: selecting advertisement content to provide to a user of an online system, the advertisement content associated with one or more targeting criteria satisfied by characteristics associated with the user; providing the selected advertisement content for display to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the selected advertisement content was presented; receiving a selection of the option by the user; in response to receiving the selection of the option, selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; presenting a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receiving an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics and storing information preventing comparison of the selected one or more characteristics to targeting criteria associated with additional advertisement content in response to receiving the input from the user. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content comprises: retrieving a ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria is based at least in part on feedback from one or more users of the online system associated with each of the characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting one or more characteristics having at least a threshold position in the ranking. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising: presenting an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; receiving information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; and comparing characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria associated with advertisement content to determine content eligible for presentation to the user. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content comprises: presenting one or more additional characteristics to the user for association with the user by the online system; and storing information associating an additional characteristic with the user in response to the user selecting the additional characteristic. 19. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to: select advertisement content to a user of an online system, the advertisement content associated with one or more targeting criteria satisfied by characteristics associated with the user; select one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; present a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receive an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics and store information preventing comparison of the selected one or more characteristics to targeting criteria associated with additional advertisement content in response to receiving the input. 20. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein the computer readable storage medium further has instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: present an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; present characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; receive information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; and compare characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests to identify advertisement content eligible for presentation to the user. 21. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein select one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: present the advertisement content to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the advertisement content was presented; receive a selection of the option by the user; and select the one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request in response to receiving the selection of the option.	Advertisement content presented to a user of an online system is presented along with an option allowing the user to view one or more reasons for presentation of the advertisement content to the user. If the user selects the option, based on targeting criteria associated with the advertisement content and characteristics associated with the user, the online system selects one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria and presents a description to the user identifying the selected one or more characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. The online system may apply one or more rules based on user perception of characteristics when selecting the one or more characteristics included in the description. An option for the user to prevent use of the selected one or more characteristics when the online system subsequently selects advertisement content for the user is also presented with the description.1. A method comprising: receiving, at an online system, an advertisement (“ad”) request including advertisement content and targeting criteria, the targeting criteria identifying one or more characteristics of users of the online system eligible to be presented with the advertisement content; identifying an opportunity to present advertising to a user of the online system; identifying characteristics associated with the user by the online system; selecting the advertisement content included in the ad request for presentation to the user based on the identified characteristics satisfying at least a threshold amount of the targeting criteria included in the ad request; selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; presenting a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receiving an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics; and identifying additional ad requests including targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics as ineligible for presentation to the user. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: retrieving a ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria is based at least in part on feedback from one or more users of the online system associated with each of the characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting a characteristic having a maximum position in the ranking. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting one or more characteristics having at least a threshold position in the ranking. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: presenting the advertisement content to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the advertisement content was presented; receiving a selection of the option by the user; and selecting the one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request in response to receiving a selection of the option. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: determining scores associated with each of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores comprises: selecting an identified characteristic having a maximum score. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the determined scores comprises: selecting one or more identified characteristics associated with at least a threshold score. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user identifies a targeting criteria satisfied by a characteristic associated with the user. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: presenting an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; receiving information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; and comparing characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests to identify advertisement content eligible for presentation to the user. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests comprises: presenting one or more additional characteristics to the user for association with the user by the online system; and storing information associating an additional characteristic with the user in response to the user selecting the additional characteristic. 13. A method comprising: selecting advertisement content to provide to a user of an online system, the advertisement content associated with one or more targeting criteria satisfied by characteristics associated with the user; providing the selected advertisement content for display to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the selected advertisement content was presented; receiving a selection of the option by the user; in response to receiving the selection of the option, selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; presenting a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receiving an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics and storing information preventing comparison of the selected one or more characteristics to targeting criteria associated with additional advertisement content in response to receiving the input from the user. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein selecting one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content comprises: retrieving a ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; and selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the ranking of the identified characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria is based at least in part on feedback from one or more users of the online system associated with each of the characteristics satisfying the targeting criteria. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein selecting the one or more characteristics based at least in part on the ranking comprises: selecting one or more characteristics having at least a threshold position in the ranking. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising: presenting an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; receiving information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content; and comparing characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria associated with advertisement content to determine content eligible for presentation to the user. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein presenting characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria associated with advertisement content comprises: presenting one or more additional characteristics to the user for association with the user by the online system; and storing information associating an additional characteristic with the user in response to the user selecting the additional characteristic. 19. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to: select advertisement content to a user of an online system, the advertisement content associated with one or more targeting criteria satisfied by characteristics associated with the user; select one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria associated with the selected advertisement content; present a description of the selected one or more characteristics to the user; receive an input from the user to prevent subsequent presentation of additional advertisement content associated with targeting criteria satisfied by the selected one or more characteristics and store information preventing comparison of the selected one or more characteristics to targeting criteria associated with additional advertisement content in response to receiving the input. 20. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein the computer readable storage medium further has instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: present an option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; present characteristics associated with the user in response to receiving a selection of the option to modify characteristics associated with the user compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; receive information from the user identifying characteristics authorized by the user to be compared to targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests; and compare characteristics authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests and not comparing characteristics not authorized by the user with targeting criteria included in one or more ad requests to identify advertisement content eligible for presentation to the user. 21. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein select one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request comprises: present the advertisement content to the user in conjunction with an option for the user to view one or more reasons the advertisement content was presented; receive a selection of the option by the user; and select the one or more characteristics of the user satisfying the targeting criteria included in the ad request in response to receiving the selection of the option.	3,600
12,948	12,948	14,106,018	3,681	Identifying locations that are proximate to a particular route is disclosed. A route employed by a user for travelling to a destination is obtained and segmented at identified vertices. Locations that are proximate to the route segments are determined. The proximate locations are further analyzed to obtain their specific distances from the user's route. Location based services are associated with those proximate locations that are closest to the user's route. The user does not have to deviate far from their current route to visit the associated locations and may be motivated to capitalize on the location based services.	1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving, by a computing apparatus, a route selected for traversal by a user; selecting, by the computing apparatus, for location identification, an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; obtaining, by the computing apparatus, locations that are at least partially located within the selected area along the selected route; determining, by the computing apparatus, respective distances of the locations from the selected route; selecting, by the computing apparatus, a predetermined number of the locations that are closest to the selected route as candidate locations of interest to the user; associating, by the computing apparatus, location based services with at least a subset of the candidate locations; transmitting, by the computing apparatus, information regarding the location based services and the subset of candidate locations to the user in real time. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: determining, by the computing apparatus, route vertices of the selected route; identifying, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and selecting, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the respective areas. 3. The computer implemented method of claim 2, wherein each of the respective radii comprises a respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 4. The computer implemented method of claim 2, identifying respective areas further comprising: selecting, by the computing apparatus, the respective maximum weighted radius from a plurality of weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 5. The computer implemented method of claim 2, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: comparing, by the computing apparatus, length of the route segments with the predetermined threshold. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: determining, by the computing apparatus, mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determining, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and selecting, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 7. The computer implemented method of claim 6, further comprising: compensating, by the computing apparatus, for asymmetric coverage of the identified area on either side of the selected route when an angle at one or more of the route vertices is an oblique angle. 8. The computer implemented method of claim 6, wherein identifying respective circular areas further comprises: computing, by the computing apparatus, at least one weighted radius for each of the route vertices. 9. The computer implemented method of claim 6, identifying respective areas further comprising: selecting, by the computing apparatus, a maximum weighted radius for the identification of respective circular area for each of the route vertices. 10. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein location based services are associated with the subset of the candidate locations based on profile specific information of the user. 11. A computing apparatus having at least one microprocessor and memory storing instructions configured to instruct the at least one microprocessor to perform operations, the computing apparatus comprising: a route information receiver that receives information indicative of a route selected for traversal by a user; a route analyzer that analyzes the selected route and identifies one or more locations in an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; a location of interest predictor that selects a subset of locations that are likely to be of interest to the user, the subset of locations are selected from the identified locations within the predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; a location information transmitter that transmits information regarding the subset of locations to a requestor. 12. The computing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the route analyzer comprises instructions configured to instruct the microprocessor to: determine route vertices of the selected route; identify respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and select the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the circular areas. 13. The computing apparatus of claim 12 wherein the respective radii are respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 14. The computing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the route analyzer comprises instructions configured to instruct the microprocessor to: determine mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determine respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and select the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 15. The computing apparatus of claim 15 wherein the respective radii are respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 16. The computing apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a data store that comprises user specific profile information used for the selection of the subset of locations. 17. A non-transitory computer storage medium storing instructions configured to instruct a computing apparatus to at least: receive, by the computing apparatus, a route selected for traversal by a user; select, by the computing apparatus, for location identification, an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; obtain, by the computing apparatus, locations that are at least partially located within the selected area along the selected route; determine, by the computing apparatus, respective distances of the locations from the selected route; select, by the computing apparatus, a predetermined number of the locations that are closest to the selected route as candidate locations of interest to the user; associate, by the computing apparatus, location based services with at least a subset of the candidate locations; transmit, by the computing apparatus, information regarding the location based services and the subset of candidate locations to the user in real time. 18. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: determine, by the computing apparatus, route vertices of the selected route; identify, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and select, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the circular areas. 19. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 18, wherein each of the respective radii comprises a respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 20. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 19, instructions for identifying respective areas further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: select, by the computing apparatus, the respective maximum weighted radius a plurality of weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 21. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compare, by the computing apparatus, length of the route segments with the predetermined threshold. 22. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: determine, by the computing apparatus, mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determine, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and select, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 23. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compensate, by the computing apparatus, for asymmetric coverage of the identified area on either side of the selected route when an angle at one or more of the route vertices is an oblique angle. 24. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compute, by the computing apparatus, at least one weighted radius for each of the route vertices. 25. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: select, by the computing apparatus, a maximum weighted radius for the identification of respective circular area for each of the route vertices.	Identifying locations that are proximate to a particular route is disclosed. A route employed by a user for travelling to a destination is obtained and segmented at identified vertices. Locations that are proximate to the route segments are determined. The proximate locations are further analyzed to obtain their specific distances from the user's route. Location based services are associated with those proximate locations that are closest to the user's route. The user does not have to deviate far from their current route to visit the associated locations and may be motivated to capitalize on the location based services.1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: receiving, by a computing apparatus, a route selected for traversal by a user; selecting, by the computing apparatus, for location identification, an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; obtaining, by the computing apparatus, locations that are at least partially located within the selected area along the selected route; determining, by the computing apparatus, respective distances of the locations from the selected route; selecting, by the computing apparatus, a predetermined number of the locations that are closest to the selected route as candidate locations of interest to the user; associating, by the computing apparatus, location based services with at least a subset of the candidate locations; transmitting, by the computing apparatus, information regarding the location based services and the subset of candidate locations to the user in real time. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: determining, by the computing apparatus, route vertices of the selected route; identifying, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and selecting, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the respective areas. 3. The computer implemented method of claim 2, wherein each of the respective radii comprises a respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 4. The computer implemented method of claim 2, identifying respective areas further comprising: selecting, by the computing apparatus, the respective maximum weighted radius from a plurality of weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 5. The computer implemented method of claim 2, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: comparing, by the computing apparatus, length of the route segments with the predetermined threshold. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprises: determining, by the computing apparatus, mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determining, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and selecting, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 7. The computer implemented method of claim 6, further comprising: compensating, by the computing apparatus, for asymmetric coverage of the identified area on either side of the selected route when an angle at one or more of the route vertices is an oblique angle. 8. The computer implemented method of claim 6, wherein identifying respective circular areas further comprises: computing, by the computing apparatus, at least one weighted radius for each of the route vertices. 9. The computer implemented method of claim 6, identifying respective areas further comprising: selecting, by the computing apparatus, a maximum weighted radius for the identification of respective circular area for each of the route vertices. 10. The computer implemented method of claim 1, wherein location based services are associated with the subset of the candidate locations based on profile specific information of the user. 11. A computing apparatus having at least one microprocessor and memory storing instructions configured to instruct the at least one microprocessor to perform operations, the computing apparatus comprising: a route information receiver that receives information indicative of a route selected for traversal by a user; a route analyzer that analyzes the selected route and identifies one or more locations in an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; a location of interest predictor that selects a subset of locations that are likely to be of interest to the user, the subset of locations are selected from the identified locations within the predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; a location information transmitter that transmits information regarding the subset of locations to a requestor. 12. The computing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the route analyzer comprises instructions configured to instruct the microprocessor to: determine route vertices of the selected route; identify respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and select the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the circular areas. 13. The computing apparatus of claim 12 wherein the respective radii are respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 14. The computing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the route analyzer comprises instructions configured to instruct the microprocessor to: determine mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determine respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and select the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 15. The computing apparatus of claim 15 wherein the respective radii are respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 16. The computing apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a data store that comprises user specific profile information used for the selection of the subset of locations. 17. A non-transitory computer storage medium storing instructions configured to instruct a computing apparatus to at least: receive, by the computing apparatus, a route selected for traversal by a user; select, by the computing apparatus, for location identification, an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route; obtain, by the computing apparatus, locations that are at least partially located within the selected area along the selected route; determine, by the computing apparatus, respective distances of the locations from the selected route; select, by the computing apparatus, a predetermined number of the locations that are closest to the selected route as candidate locations of interest to the user; associate, by the computing apparatus, location based services with at least a subset of the candidate locations; transmit, by the computing apparatus, information regarding the location based services and the subset of candidate locations to the user in real time. 18. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: determine, by the computing apparatus, route vertices of the selected route; identify, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the route vertices within respective radii; and select, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed by the circular areas. 19. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 18, wherein each of the respective radii comprises a respective maximum weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 20. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 19, instructions for identifying respective areas further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: select, by the computing apparatus, the respective maximum weighted radius a plurality of weighted radius associated with each of the route vertices. 21. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compare, by the computing apparatus, length of the route segments with the predetermined threshold. 22. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 17, wherein instructions for selecting an area within a predetermined threshold distance along the selected route further comprise instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: determine, by the computing apparatus, mid-points of route segments connecting the route vertices; determine, by the computing apparatus, respective areas around each of the mid-points that are within respective radii of the mid-points; and select, by the computing apparatus, the area along the selected route that is enclosed by an outline formed from the circular areas. 23. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compensate, by the computing apparatus, for asymmetric coverage of the identified area on either side of the selected route when an angle at one or more of the route vertices is an oblique angle. 24. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: compute, by the computing apparatus, at least one weighted radius for each of the route vertices. 25. The non-transitory computer storage medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the computing apparatus to: select, by the computing apparatus, a maximum weighted radius for the identification of respective circular area for each of the route vertices.	3,600
12,949	12,949	14,774,308	3,679	A curvic seal for a gas turbine engine includes a cylindrical seal with a retention feature.	1. A curvic seal for a gas turbine engine comprising: a cylindrical seal with an axial retention feature. 2. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, wherein said axial retention feature is U-shaped. 3. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, wherein said cylindrical seal is a split-ring sheet metal seal. 4. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, further comprising a rolled flange on an aft edge section of said cylindrical seal. 5. A curvic joint assembly for a gas turbine engine comprising: a curvic coupling between a first component and a second component along an axis; and a curvic seal within an interior of said first component and said second component with respect to said axis to seal said curvic coupling, said curvic seal includes an axial retention feature that interfaces with said first component. 6. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said axial retention feature is U-shaped. 7. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said axial retention feature interfaces with an inner rim that extends from an inner surface of said first component. 8. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said first component and said second component are cylindrical. 9. The curvic joint as recited in claim 8, wherein said curvic seal is a split-ring sheet metal seal. 10. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, further comprising a rolled flange on an aft edge section of said curvic seal.	A curvic seal for a gas turbine engine includes a cylindrical seal with a retention feature.1. A curvic seal for a gas turbine engine comprising: a cylindrical seal with an axial retention feature. 2. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, wherein said axial retention feature is U-shaped. 3. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, wherein said cylindrical seal is a split-ring sheet metal seal. 4. The curvic seal as recited in claim 1, further comprising a rolled flange on an aft edge section of said cylindrical seal. 5. A curvic joint assembly for a gas turbine engine comprising: a curvic coupling between a first component and a second component along an axis; and a curvic seal within an interior of said first component and said second component with respect to said axis to seal said curvic coupling, said curvic seal includes an axial retention feature that interfaces with said first component. 6. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said axial retention feature is U-shaped. 7. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said axial retention feature interfaces with an inner rim that extends from an inner surface of said first component. 8. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, wherein said first component and said second component are cylindrical. 9. The curvic joint as recited in claim 8, wherein said curvic seal is a split-ring sheet metal seal. 10. The curvic joint as recited in claim 5, further comprising a rolled flange on an aft edge section of said curvic seal.	3,600
12,950	12,950	15,305,612	3,672	A hybrid drill bit includes a bit body having a central bit body axis at a center of the bit body, a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis. The roller disc axis extends toward the central bit body axis, and the blade includes a plurality of fixed cutting elements.	1. A hybrid drill bit, comprising: a bit body defining a central bit body axis; a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, the blade comprising a plurality of fixed cutting elements; and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis, the roller disc axis extending toward the central bit body axis. 2. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, comprising an arm coupled to the bit body extending generally along the central bit body axis and beyond the end of the bit body; and where the roller disc is rotatably coupled to the arm. 3. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc axis of the roller disc intersects the central bit body axis. 4. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc axis of the roller disc is non-radial from the central bit body axis. 5. The hybrid drill bit of claim 4, where a shortest distance S between the central bit body axis and the roller disc axis is less than 0.5 inches. 6. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc comprises a disc body and a generally ring-shaped cutting row radially disposed about the disc body; and where the roller disc comprises only one cutting row. 7. The hybrid drill bit of claim 6, where the cutting row defines a rotational plane through the center of the cutting row, the rotational plane being normal to the roller disc axis; where the rotational plane of the roller disc is generally perpendicular to a periphery of a corresponding bit profile; and where a center of the roller disc is the intersection of the roller disc axis and the rotational plane. 8. The hybrid drill bit of claim 7, where the roller disc is in a shoulder zone of the bit profile. 9. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, comprising a plurality of roller discs and a plurality of blades. 10. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where each disc of the plurality of roller discs is a different distance L from the central bit body axis, where the distance L is a shortest distance between a center of the respective roller disc and the central bit body axis. 11. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where the plurality of roller discs are not in a cone zone of a corresponding bit profile. 12. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where each roller disc axis of the plurality of discs is at a different angle β from the central bit body axis, where the angle β is the angle of the respective roller disc axis from the central bit body axis. 13. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where the plurality of blades are more radially inward than the plurality of discs with respect to the central bit body axis of the bit body. 14. The hybrid drill bit of claim 7, where the cutting row of the roller disc extends further from the end of the bit body than the fixed cutting elements of the blade. 15. A well drilling system, comprising: a well head; a drill string connected to the well head; a hybrid drill bit connected to the drill string, the hybrid drill bit comprising: a bit body having a central bit body axis at a center of the bit body; a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, the blade comprising a plurality of fixed cutting elements; and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis, the roller disc axis extending toward the central bit body axis. 16. The well drilling system of claim 15, where the hybrid drill bit further comprises: an arm coupled to the bit body extending generally along the central bit body axis and beyond the end of the bit body; and where the roller disc is rotatably coupled to the arm. 17. The well drilling system of claim 15, where the roller disc comprises a disc body and a generally ring-shaped cutting row radially disposed about the disc body; and where the roller disc comprises only one cutting row. 18. A method of cutting a formation in a wellbore, the method comprising: rotating a drill bit in a formation in a wellbore; crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc on the drill bit; and scraping the formation in a shearing action using fixed cutting elements on a blade on the drill bit. 19. The method of claim 18, where crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc comprises prefracturing the formation using the roller disc, where the roller disc is deeper into the formation than the fixed cutting elements of the blade; and where scraping the formation in a shearing action using fixed cutting elements on a blade comprises scraping prefractured cuttings of formation. 20. The method of claim 18, where crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc on the drill bit comprises a roller disc configured to roll against the formation with small shear.	A hybrid drill bit includes a bit body having a central bit body axis at a center of the bit body, a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis. The roller disc axis extends toward the central bit body axis, and the blade includes a plurality of fixed cutting elements.1. A hybrid drill bit, comprising: a bit body defining a central bit body axis; a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, the blade comprising a plurality of fixed cutting elements; and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis, the roller disc axis extending toward the central bit body axis. 2. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, comprising an arm coupled to the bit body extending generally along the central bit body axis and beyond the end of the bit body; and where the roller disc is rotatably coupled to the arm. 3. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc axis of the roller disc intersects the central bit body axis. 4. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc axis of the roller disc is non-radial from the central bit body axis. 5. The hybrid drill bit of claim 4, where a shortest distance S between the central bit body axis and the roller disc axis is less than 0.5 inches. 6. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, where the roller disc comprises a disc body and a generally ring-shaped cutting row radially disposed about the disc body; and where the roller disc comprises only one cutting row. 7. The hybrid drill bit of claim 6, where the cutting row defines a rotational plane through the center of the cutting row, the rotational plane being normal to the roller disc axis; where the rotational plane of the roller disc is generally perpendicular to a periphery of a corresponding bit profile; and where a center of the roller disc is the intersection of the roller disc axis and the rotational plane. 8. The hybrid drill bit of claim 7, where the roller disc is in a shoulder zone of the bit profile. 9. The hybrid drill bit of claim 1, comprising a plurality of roller discs and a plurality of blades. 10. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where each disc of the plurality of roller discs is a different distance L from the central bit body axis, where the distance L is a shortest distance between a center of the respective roller disc and the central bit body axis. 11. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where the plurality of roller discs are not in a cone zone of a corresponding bit profile. 12. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where each roller disc axis of the plurality of discs is at a different angle β from the central bit body axis, where the angle β is the angle of the respective roller disc axis from the central bit body axis. 13. The hybrid drill bit of claim 9, where the plurality of blades are more radially inward than the plurality of discs with respect to the central bit body axis of the bit body. 14. The hybrid drill bit of claim 7, where the cutting row of the roller disc extends further from the end of the bit body than the fixed cutting elements of the blade. 15. A well drilling system, comprising: a well head; a drill string connected to the well head; a hybrid drill bit connected to the drill string, the hybrid drill bit comprising: a bit body having a central bit body axis at a center of the bit body; a blade on the bit body extending from an end of the bit body, the blade comprising a plurality of fixed cutting elements; and a roller disc rotatably coupled to the bit body about the end of the bit body to rotate on a roller disc axis, the roller disc axis extending toward the central bit body axis. 16. The well drilling system of claim 15, where the hybrid drill bit further comprises: an arm coupled to the bit body extending generally along the central bit body axis and beyond the end of the bit body; and where the roller disc is rotatably coupled to the arm. 17. The well drilling system of claim 15, where the roller disc comprises a disc body and a generally ring-shaped cutting row radially disposed about the disc body; and where the roller disc comprises only one cutting row. 18. A method of cutting a formation in a wellbore, the method comprising: rotating a drill bit in a formation in a wellbore; crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc on the drill bit; and scraping the formation in a shearing action using fixed cutting elements on a blade on the drill bit. 19. The method of claim 18, where crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc comprises prefracturing the formation using the roller disc, where the roller disc is deeper into the formation than the fixed cutting elements of the blade; and where scraping the formation in a shearing action using fixed cutting elements on a blade comprises scraping prefractured cuttings of formation. 20. The method of claim 18, where crushing or cracking the formation in a rotating action using a roller disc on the drill bit comprises a roller disc configured to roll against the formation with small shear.	3,600
12,951	12,951	13,756,311	3,689	Techniques for computer-assisted patent application preparation are described. Some embodiments provide a Patent Application Preparation System (“PAPS”) that facilitates the automatic generation of patent applications (or portions thereof) based on logical claim definitions. The PAPS may receive one or more claim definitions that each define a single patent claim. From these claim definitions, the PAPS may generate claims, figures, written description corresponding to the figures, summary sections, and the like. When a drafter modifies a claim definition, the application portions may be automatically regenerated, so that any changes (e.g., to claim position or terminology) are reflected in the resulting patent application.	1. A method for computer-assisted patent preparation, the method comprising: under control of a computing system, automatically preparing at least a portion of a patent application, by: receiving a first claim definition that includes a preamble and one or more elements; automatically generating a first patent claim based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated patent claim as the at least the portion of the patent application. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the automatically generating a first patent claim includes: receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block; and incorporating the text block into the generated patent claim. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block includes: receiving a reference to a text block that is defined globally with respect to a claim definition file that includes the first claim definition. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block includes: receiving a reference to a text block that is defined within a second claim definition within a claim definition file that also includes the first claim definition. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a number for the first claim; receiving a second claim definition that includes a reference to the first claim definition; and generating a second patent claim based on the second claim definition, the second patent claim including the number of the first claim based on the reference to the first claim definition. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a definition of a named text block that is part of one of the elements of the first claim definition; receiving a second claim definition that includes a reference to the named text block; and generating a second patent claim based on the second claim definition, the second patent claim including the named text block that is part of the one element of the first claim definition. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating a written description portion based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated written description portion as part of the patent application. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: receiving from the first claim definition a description block associated with one of the one or more elements, the description block describing, elaborating, and/or enabling the one element; and outputting the description block as part of the generated written description. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: receiving from the description block a reference to a text block; and outputting the text block as part of the description block output as part of the generated written description. 10. The method of claim 7, further comprising: generating a link from the generated claim to the generated written description, the link operable to provide access to the generated written description from the generated claim. 11. The method of claim 7, further comprising: inserting the generated written description into a template document; inserting the generated claim into the template document; and outputting a draft patent specification that includes the generated written description and the generated claim. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating a flow diagram based on the first claim definition, the flow diagram comprising boxes that each include an element from the first claim definition; and outputting the generated flow diagram. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the generating a flow diagram includes: generating a figure number for the flow diagram; and generating a reference number for each of the boxes of the flow diagram. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising: for each of the boxes of the flow diagram, generating written description corresponding to the element of the box, based at least in part on a description block that is part of the first claim definition and that is associated with the element, the description block describing, elaborating, and/or enabling the element. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: inserting the generated written description into a template document; inserting the generated claim into the template document; and outputting a draft patent specification that includes the generated written description and the generated claim. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving an indication of a claim type as part of the first claim definition, the type identifying one of a method claim, an apparatus claim, or an article of manufacture claim; and automatically generating a second patent claim based on the first claim definition, the second patent claim being of a different claim type than the first claim. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising: automatically generating a redlined document that reflects changes between a first version of the first claim definition and a second version of the first claim definition; and associating the first claim definition with prosecution history information, including at least one of a cited prior art reference, an action or document received from a patent office, a patent office filing, and/or a deadline. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing a graphical user interface configured to automatically prepare the at least a portion of the patent application, by: receiving a second claim definition that represents a dependent claim that depends on an independent claim represented by the first claim definition; presenting a graph that includes a first node that represents the first claim definition, a second node that represents the second claim definition, and a link that connects the first and second node, wherein each node displays text corresponding to one or more claims elements of the first and second claims; automatically generating a first and second patent claim respectively based on the first and second claim definitions; and outputting the generated patent claims as the at least the portion of the patent application. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: receiving from a user a selection of a textual portion of the first claim definition; receiving from the user an indication to add a dependent claim that further defines the selected textual portion; presenting a third node that represents a third claim definition that represents the dependent claim that further defines the selected textual portion, wherein the third node is linked to the first node and/or linked to the selected textual portion; receiving from the user an indication to add a dependent claim that adds one or more elements to the first claim; and presenting a fourth node that represents a fourth claim definition that represents the dependent claim that adds one or more elements to the first claim, wherein the fourth node is linked to the first node. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium including contents that are configured, when executed, to cause a computing system to perform a method for computer-assisted patent application preparation, the method comprising: automatically preparing at least a portion of a patent application, by: receiving a first claim definition that includes a preamble and one or more elements; automatically generating a first patent claim based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated patent claim as the at least the portion of the patent application.	Techniques for computer-assisted patent application preparation are described. Some embodiments provide a Patent Application Preparation System (“PAPS”) that facilitates the automatic generation of patent applications (or portions thereof) based on logical claim definitions. The PAPS may receive one or more claim definitions that each define a single patent claim. From these claim definitions, the PAPS may generate claims, figures, written description corresponding to the figures, summary sections, and the like. When a drafter modifies a claim definition, the application portions may be automatically regenerated, so that any changes (e.g., to claim position or terminology) are reflected in the resulting patent application.1. A method for computer-assisted patent preparation, the method comprising: under control of a computing system, automatically preparing at least a portion of a patent application, by: receiving a first claim definition that includes a preamble and one or more elements; automatically generating a first patent claim based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated patent claim as the at least the portion of the patent application. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the automatically generating a first patent claim includes: receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block; and incorporating the text block into the generated patent claim. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block includes: receiving a reference to a text block that is defined globally with respect to a claim definition file that includes the first claim definition. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving from the first claim definition a reference to a text block includes: receiving a reference to a text block that is defined within a second claim definition within a claim definition file that also includes the first claim definition. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a number for the first claim; receiving a second claim definition that includes a reference to the first claim definition; and generating a second patent claim based on the second claim definition, the second patent claim including the number of the first claim based on the reference to the first claim definition. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a definition of a named text block that is part of one of the elements of the first claim definition; receiving a second claim definition that includes a reference to the named text block; and generating a second patent claim based on the second claim definition, the second patent claim including the named text block that is part of the one element of the first claim definition. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating a written description portion based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated written description portion as part of the patent application. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: receiving from the first claim definition a description block associated with one of the one or more elements, the description block describing, elaborating, and/or enabling the one element; and outputting the description block as part of the generated written description. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: receiving from the description block a reference to a text block; and outputting the text block as part of the description block output as part of the generated written description. 10. The method of claim 7, further comprising: generating a link from the generated claim to the generated written description, the link operable to provide access to the generated written description from the generated claim. 11. The method of claim 7, further comprising: inserting the generated written description into a template document; inserting the generated claim into the template document; and outputting a draft patent specification that includes the generated written description and the generated claim. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating a flow diagram based on the first claim definition, the flow diagram comprising boxes that each include an element from the first claim definition; and outputting the generated flow diagram. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the generating a flow diagram includes: generating a figure number for the flow diagram; and generating a reference number for each of the boxes of the flow diagram. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising: for each of the boxes of the flow diagram, generating written description corresponding to the element of the box, based at least in part on a description block that is part of the first claim definition and that is associated with the element, the description block describing, elaborating, and/or enabling the element. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: inserting the generated written description into a template document; inserting the generated claim into the template document; and outputting a draft patent specification that includes the generated written description and the generated claim. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving an indication of a claim type as part of the first claim definition, the type identifying one of a method claim, an apparatus claim, or an article of manufacture claim; and automatically generating a second patent claim based on the first claim definition, the second patent claim being of a different claim type than the first claim. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising: automatically generating a redlined document that reflects changes between a first version of the first claim definition and a second version of the first claim definition; and associating the first claim definition with prosecution history information, including at least one of a cited prior art reference, an action or document received from a patent office, a patent office filing, and/or a deadline. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing a graphical user interface configured to automatically prepare the at least a portion of the patent application, by: receiving a second claim definition that represents a dependent claim that depends on an independent claim represented by the first claim definition; presenting a graph that includes a first node that represents the first claim definition, a second node that represents the second claim definition, and a link that connects the first and second node, wherein each node displays text corresponding to one or more claims elements of the first and second claims; automatically generating a first and second patent claim respectively based on the first and second claim definitions; and outputting the generated patent claims as the at least the portion of the patent application. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: receiving from a user a selection of a textual portion of the first claim definition; receiving from the user an indication to add a dependent claim that further defines the selected textual portion; presenting a third node that represents a third claim definition that represents the dependent claim that further defines the selected textual portion, wherein the third node is linked to the first node and/or linked to the selected textual portion; receiving from the user an indication to add a dependent claim that adds one or more elements to the first claim; and presenting a fourth node that represents a fourth claim definition that represents the dependent claim that adds one or more elements to the first claim, wherein the fourth node is linked to the first node. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium including contents that are configured, when executed, to cause a computing system to perform a method for computer-assisted patent application preparation, the method comprising: automatically preparing at least a portion of a patent application, by: receiving a first claim definition that includes a preamble and one or more elements; automatically generating a first patent claim based on the first claim definition; and outputting the generated patent claim as the at least the portion of the patent application.	3,600
12,952	12,952	15,110,419	3,663	A method of detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area. A server obtains positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time. The positional data is used to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element, and the determined elapsed time is compared to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element. The navigable element is identified as being potentially closed, subject to one or more optional validation steps, when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval, e.g. by a predetermined amount.	1. A method of detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area, the method comprising: obtaining positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time; using the positional data to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element; comparing the determined elapsed time to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element; and identifying the navigable element as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtained positional data comprises live positional data, the method comprising: using the live positional data to determine the elapsed time since a device was last detected in the navigable element. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the devices are devices associated with vehicles. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is based upon historical positional data relating to the movement of devices along the element with respect to time. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is time dependent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is an average time interval based upon time intervals between multiple different sets of consecutive devices detected in the navigable element in a given time period. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is scaled in dependence on the number of devices traversing the network of navigable elements at a given time from which positional data is obtained. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the navigable element identified as being potentially closed provides a candidate closed navigable element, the method further comprising: validating candidate closed navigable elements to identify a subset of the candidate elements that can be validated as being closed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the validation takes into account one or more of: a quality of the digital map data representing the navigable element; a quality of the positional data; and third party data relating to the closure of navigable elements in the network. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating data indicative of a determined, and optionally validated, closure with data indicative of the navigable element. 11. A system for detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area, the system comprising at least one processor arranged to: obtain positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time; use the positional data to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element; compare the determined elapsed time to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element; and identify the navigable element as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval. 12. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a system, cause the system to perform the method according to claim 1. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the navigable element is identified as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval by a predetermined amount.	A method of detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area. A server obtains positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time. The positional data is used to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element, and the determined elapsed time is compared to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element. The navigable element is identified as being potentially closed, subject to one or more optional validation steps, when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval, e.g. by a predetermined amount.1. A method of detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area, the method comprising: obtaining positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time; using the positional data to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element; comparing the determined elapsed time to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element; and identifying the navigable element as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtained positional data comprises live positional data, the method comprising: using the live positional data to determine the elapsed time since a device was last detected in the navigable element. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the devices are devices associated with vehicles. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is based upon historical positional data relating to the movement of devices along the element with respect to time. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is time dependent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is an average time interval based upon time intervals between multiple different sets of consecutive devices detected in the navigable element in a given time period. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected time interval is scaled in dependence on the number of devices traversing the network of navigable elements at a given time from which positional data is obtained. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the navigable element identified as being potentially closed provides a candidate closed navigable element, the method further comprising: validating candidate closed navigable elements to identify a subset of the candidate elements that can be validated as being closed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the validation takes into account one or more of: a quality of the digital map data representing the navigable element; a quality of the positional data; and third party data relating to the closure of navigable elements in the network. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating data indicative of a determined, and optionally validated, closure with data indicative of the navigable element. 11. A system for detecting the closure of a navigable element forming part of a network of navigable elements within a geographic area, the system comprising at least one processor arranged to: obtain positional data relating to the movement of a plurality of devices along the navigable element with respect to time; use the positional data to determine an elapsed time since a device was last detected on the navigable element; compare the determined elapsed time to an expected time interval between consecutive devices being detected on the navigable element; and identify the navigable element as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval. 12. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a system, cause the system to perform the method according to claim 1. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the navigable element is identified as being potentially closed when the determined elapsed time exceeds the expected time interval by a predetermined amount.	3,600
12,953	12,953	13,675,722	3,629	Described herein are systems and methods for automating workflow of assigning jobs and tracking the process. The exemplary method comprises receiving job data for a plurality of jobs, assigning a current job to one of a plurality of users based on a business rule, sending the current job to the one of the users, and receiving further data for the current job. The exemplary system comprises a job tracking tool receiving job data for a plurality of jobs and assigning a current job to one of a plurality of users based on a business rule, a messaging system receiving the current job from the job tracking tool and forwarding the job to the user; and a work order system receiving the job via the messaging system if the user determines that the job data for the job is correct.	1.-20. (canceled) 21. A tangible computer-readable storage medium including a set of instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method comprising: assigning a job to a user; receiving progress data for the job; marking the job complete when the progress data includes an indication that the job has been successfully completed; sending the job to a problem resolver when the progress data includes an indication that the job includes a problem; sending the job to a quality reviewer; receiving error data from the quality reviewer; importing step completion data on a work order system; calculating a quality score for the job based on the step completion data and the error data; re-sending the job to the user to verify that there are no errors; and re-sending the job to the quality reviewer. 22. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the job is assigned to the user based on a business rule. 23. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 22, wherein the business rule is based on one of a number of uncompleted jobs currently assigned to the user, a geographical location of the user, a geographical location of the job and a type of the job. 24. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: sending the job to the user. 25. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: receiving job data for a plurality of jobs, wherein the job is a selected one of a plurality of jobs. 26. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein the job is selected from the plurality of jobs on a first in, first out basis. 27. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the problem resolver to which the current job is sent is based on a type of problem identified by the progress data. 28. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: verifying, prior to sending the job to the problem resolver, that the problem exists. 29. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: marking the job as a hold when the progress data is the indication that the job includes the problem. 30. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: receiving resolution data from the problem resolver indicating that the problem has been resolved; and sending the job back to the user including the resolution data. 31. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: assigning, after the step of assigning the job to the user, a further job to a further user; and sending the further job to the further user. 32. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 31, wherein the further job is assigned to the further user based on a further business rule. 33. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: selecting a subset of jobs; and forwarding the subset of jobs to the quality reviewer, the subset of jobs including the current job. 34. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the job relates to a work order and the user posts the work order to a work order manager. 35. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: determining an availability of the user based on the user's access to an in-box. 36. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: recording an identity of the user to which the job has been sent; and recording the user's progress on the job. 37. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: recording an identity of the problem resolver to which the job has been sent; and recording the problem resolver's progress on the problem. 38. A system, comprising: a memory; a processor; a job tracking tool assigning a job to a user based on a business rule; a messaging system sending the job to the user; and a work order system receiving progress data relating to the job from the user; wherein the job tracking tool marks the job complete if the progress data includes an indication that the job has been successfully completed, wherein, if the progress data includes an indication that the job data includes a problem, the job tracking tool verifies that the problem is included in the job data and sends the job to a problem resolver via the messaging system, wherein the messaging system forwards the current job to a quality reviewer and receives error data from the quality reviewer, wherein the work order system imports step completion data and calculates a quality score for the job based on the step completion data and the error data, wherein the messaging system re-sends the job to the user to verify that there are no errors, and wherein the messaging system re-sends the job to the quality reviewer. 39. The system of claim 38, wherein the business rule is based on one of a number of uncompleted jobs currently assigned to the user, a geographical location of the user, a geographical location of the job and a type of the job. 40. The system of claim 38, wherein the job tracking tool selects the problem resolver based on a further business rule.	Described herein are systems and methods for automating workflow of assigning jobs and tracking the process. The exemplary method comprises receiving job data for a plurality of jobs, assigning a current job to one of a plurality of users based on a business rule, sending the current job to the one of the users, and receiving further data for the current job. The exemplary system comprises a job tracking tool receiving job data for a plurality of jobs and assigning a current job to one of a plurality of users based on a business rule, a messaging system receiving the current job from the job tracking tool and forwarding the job to the user; and a work order system receiving the job via the messaging system if the user determines that the job data for the job is correct.1.-20. (canceled) 21. A tangible computer-readable storage medium including a set of instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method comprising: assigning a job to a user; receiving progress data for the job; marking the job complete when the progress data includes an indication that the job has been successfully completed; sending the job to a problem resolver when the progress data includes an indication that the job includes a problem; sending the job to a quality reviewer; receiving error data from the quality reviewer; importing step completion data on a work order system; calculating a quality score for the job based on the step completion data and the error data; re-sending the job to the user to verify that there are no errors; and re-sending the job to the quality reviewer. 22. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the job is assigned to the user based on a business rule. 23. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 22, wherein the business rule is based on one of a number of uncompleted jobs currently assigned to the user, a geographical location of the user, a geographical location of the job and a type of the job. 24. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: sending the job to the user. 25. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: receiving job data for a plurality of jobs, wherein the job is a selected one of a plurality of jobs. 26. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein the job is selected from the plurality of jobs on a first in, first out basis. 27. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the problem resolver to which the current job is sent is based on a type of problem identified by the progress data. 28. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: verifying, prior to sending the job to the problem resolver, that the problem exists. 29. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: marking the job as a hold when the progress data is the indication that the job includes the problem. 30. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: receiving resolution data from the problem resolver indicating that the problem has been resolved; and sending the job back to the user including the resolution data. 31. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: assigning, after the step of assigning the job to the user, a further job to a further user; and sending the further job to the further user. 32. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 31, wherein the further job is assigned to the further user based on a further business rule. 33. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: selecting a subset of jobs; and forwarding the subset of jobs to the quality reviewer, the subset of jobs including the current job. 34. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the job relates to a work order and the user posts the work order to a work order manager. 35. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: determining an availability of the user based on the user's access to an in-box. 36. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: recording an identity of the user to which the job has been sent; and recording the user's progress on the job. 37. The tangible computer-readable storage medium of claim 21, wherein the method further comprises: recording an identity of the problem resolver to which the job has been sent; and recording the problem resolver's progress on the problem. 38. A system, comprising: a memory; a processor; a job tracking tool assigning a job to a user based on a business rule; a messaging system sending the job to the user; and a work order system receiving progress data relating to the job from the user; wherein the job tracking tool marks the job complete if the progress data includes an indication that the job has been successfully completed, wherein, if the progress data includes an indication that the job data includes a problem, the job tracking tool verifies that the problem is included in the job data and sends the job to a problem resolver via the messaging system, wherein the messaging system forwards the current job to a quality reviewer and receives error data from the quality reviewer, wherein the work order system imports step completion data and calculates a quality score for the job based on the step completion data and the error data, wherein the messaging system re-sends the job to the user to verify that there are no errors, and wherein the messaging system re-sends the job to the quality reviewer. 39. The system of claim 38, wherein the business rule is based on one of a number of uncompleted jobs currently assigned to the user, a geographical location of the user, a geographical location of the job and a type of the job. 40. The system of claim 38, wherein the job tracking tool selects the problem resolver based on a further business rule.	3,600
12,954	12,954	13,888,112	3,685	Various consumer interface platforms are converged to facilitate user access to an electronic network of wallets. The functions of both remote and NFC payment, among other interface platforms, give the purchaser access to a single electronic wallet for online E-commerce and a variety of mCommerce scenarios, some including brick and mortar, face-to-face (F2F), and/or point-of-sale (POS) transaction payments. The network of wallets has a network operator intermediating payment transactions between merchants and wallet providers. In this way, the parallel consumer interface platforms, such as remote platform enabling e-commerce payments, an NFC platform, and/or others, into a single converged payment platform that is usable in either or both transaction settings.	1. A method for authorizing a digital wallet transaction, the method comprising: providing a host server having one or more secure databases for storing cardholder and card data associated with a plurality of electronic wallets offered within a network of digital wallets, the host server including services for facilitating and monitoring connectivity between one or more merchants and an acceptance network for authorizing a purchase transaction; responsive to a user initiation of the purchase transaction, routing the purchase transaction to a digital wallet selected by the user from the plurality of digital wallets, the selected digital wallet capturing a payment card selected by the consumer for the digital wallet transaction; and redirecting the transaction back to the merchant web site or app using the postback merchant URL, the merchant web site or app sending the Access Token to the checkout resource URL associated with the selected digital wallet to retrieve the purchase details for authorizing and completing the digital wallet transaction. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing in the host server shipping address data associated with the cardholder, and providing the shipping address data selected by the cardholder to the merchant for facilitating shipment or delivery of goods or services. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected digital wallet is a default wallet, the default wallet being selected prior to the consumer authorizing the purchase transaction. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the consumer is a recognized user of the acceptance network, the default wallet corresponding to one of the plurality of digital wallets most recently accessed by the consumer. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising displaying an interstitial page associated with the default wallet in response to the consumer selecting the acceptance button 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating a coupon or offer with each of the plurality of digital wallets, and displaying the coupon or offer associated with one of the plurality of digital wallets displayed on the wallet selector switch. 7. The method of claim 6, the displaying step comprising displaying the coupon or offer in response to the consumer hovering a pointer over the one of the plurality of digital wallets displayed. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising communicating the coupon or offer associated with the one of the plurality of digital wallets to the merchant web site or app prior to completing the digital wallet transaction, wherein the one of the plurality of digital wallets is the digital wallet selected from the plurality of digital wallets for the transaction. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the user initiates the payment transaction by engaging in a trigger event with respect to a mobile device, the trigger event comprising at least one of a QR read, barcode read, display of QR or bar code on a mobile device, SMS communication, Wi-Fi communication, and Bluetooth communication. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the user is given access to the contents of the selected digital wallet without regard to the user interface platform.	Various consumer interface platforms are converged to facilitate user access to an electronic network of wallets. The functions of both remote and NFC payment, among other interface platforms, give the purchaser access to a single electronic wallet for online E-commerce and a variety of mCommerce scenarios, some including brick and mortar, face-to-face (F2F), and/or point-of-sale (POS) transaction payments. The network of wallets has a network operator intermediating payment transactions between merchants and wallet providers. In this way, the parallel consumer interface platforms, such as remote platform enabling e-commerce payments, an NFC platform, and/or others, into a single converged payment platform that is usable in either or both transaction settings.1. A method for authorizing a digital wallet transaction, the method comprising: providing a host server having one or more secure databases for storing cardholder and card data associated with a plurality of electronic wallets offered within a network of digital wallets, the host server including services for facilitating and monitoring connectivity between one or more merchants and an acceptance network for authorizing a purchase transaction; responsive to a user initiation of the purchase transaction, routing the purchase transaction to a digital wallet selected by the user from the plurality of digital wallets, the selected digital wallet capturing a payment card selected by the consumer for the digital wallet transaction; and redirecting the transaction back to the merchant web site or app using the postback merchant URL, the merchant web site or app sending the Access Token to the checkout resource URL associated with the selected digital wallet to retrieve the purchase details for authorizing and completing the digital wallet transaction. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing in the host server shipping address data associated with the cardholder, and providing the shipping address data selected by the cardholder to the merchant for facilitating shipment or delivery of goods or services. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected digital wallet is a default wallet, the default wallet being selected prior to the consumer authorizing the purchase transaction. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the consumer is a recognized user of the acceptance network, the default wallet corresponding to one of the plurality of digital wallets most recently accessed by the consumer. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising displaying an interstitial page associated with the default wallet in response to the consumer selecting the acceptance button 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating a coupon or offer with each of the plurality of digital wallets, and displaying the coupon or offer associated with one of the plurality of digital wallets displayed on the wallet selector switch. 7. The method of claim 6, the displaying step comprising displaying the coupon or offer in response to the consumer hovering a pointer over the one of the plurality of digital wallets displayed. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising communicating the coupon or offer associated with the one of the plurality of digital wallets to the merchant web site or app prior to completing the digital wallet transaction, wherein the one of the plurality of digital wallets is the digital wallet selected from the plurality of digital wallets for the transaction. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the user initiates the payment transaction by engaging in a trigger event with respect to a mobile device, the trigger event comprising at least one of a QR read, barcode read, display of QR or bar code on a mobile device, SMS communication, Wi-Fi communication, and Bluetooth communication. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the user is given access to the contents of the selected digital wallet without regard to the user interface platform.	3,600
12,955	12,955	11,686,695	3,691	A system for providing an operator interface for displaying market data, trader options, and trader input includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores market data for a trading product, where the market data includes an inside market price for the trading product. The processor initiates display of a market data section of a tile, where the market data section comprises the market data. The processor initiates display of a trader input section of the tile, where the trader input section comprises options. The processor receives a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the options, and updates the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair.	1. A system for providing an operator interface for displaying market data, trader options, and trader input, the system comprising: a memory operable to: store market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; and a processor in communication with the memory and operable to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising the market data; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 3. The system of claim 1, the processor further operable to: receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 4. The system of claim 1, the processor further operable to initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 7. Software embodied in a computer-readable storage medium and operable when executed by a processor to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 8. The software of claim 7, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 9. The software of claim 7, further operable to: receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 10. The software of claim 7, further operable to initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 11. The software of claim 7, further operable to receive a signal from a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 12. The software of claim 7, further operable to receive a signal from a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 13. A method, comprising: initiating display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; initiating display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receiving a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and updating the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: receiving a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and updating the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising initiating a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving a signal from a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 18. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving a signal from a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 19. A system, comprising: means for initiating display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; means for initiating display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; means for receiving a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and means for updating the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 20. A system, comprising: a memory operable to: store market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product, the market data further comprising a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product; and a processor in communication with the memory and operable to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising the market data; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair; receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity; and initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device, the game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options; and a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price.	A system for providing an operator interface for displaying market data, trader options, and trader input includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores market data for a trading product, where the market data includes an inside market price for the trading product. The processor initiates display of a market data section of a tile, where the market data section comprises the market data. The processor initiates display of a trader input section of the tile, where the trader input section comprises options. The processor receives a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the options, and updates the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair.1. A system for providing an operator interface for displaying market data, trader options, and trader input, the system comprising: a memory operable to: store market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; and a processor in communication with the memory and operable to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising the market data; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 3. The system of claim 1, the processor further operable to: receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 4. The system of claim 1, the processor further operable to initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 7. Software embodied in a computer-readable storage medium and operable when executed by a processor to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 8. The software of claim 7, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 9. The software of claim 7, further operable to: receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 10. The software of claim 7, further operable to initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 11. The software of claim 7, further operable to receive a signal from a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 12. The software of claim 7, further operable to receive a signal from a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 13. A method, comprising: initiating display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; initiating display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receiving a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and updating the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the market data further comprises a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: receiving a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; and updating the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising initiating a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device. 17. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving a signal from a game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options. 18. The method of claim 13, further comprising receiving a signal from a game controller comprising a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price. 19. A system, comprising: means for initiating display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product; means for initiating display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; means for receiving a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and means for updating the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair. 20. A system, comprising: a memory operable to: store market data for a trading product, the market data comprising an inside market price for the trading product, the market data further comprising a bid quantity and an offer quantity for the trading product; and a processor in communication with the memory and operable to: initiate display of a market data section of a tile of one or more tiles, the market data section comprising the market data; initiate display of a trader input section of the tile, the trader input section comprising a plurality of options; receive a selection of a bid-offer pair for the trading product from the plurality options; and update the trader input section to indicate the selected bid-offer pair; receive a selection of a quantity of the trading product from the plurality options; update the trader input section to indicate the selected quantity; and initiate a trade in response to receiving a request from a game controller device, the game controller comprising: one or more knobs, a knob operable to select an option from the plurality of options; and a plurality of buttons, a button operable to initiate at least one of the following: a bid; a buy; an offer; a sale; a buy at market price; and a sale at market price.	3,600
12,956	12,956	14,707,206	3,622	A commerce system is controlled by a shopping agent including an application programming interface. A publisher receives information from the shopping agent via the API. Content is published based on the information received from the shopping agent. The content includes a histogram. The content includes a recipe. The content is published on a website or in a printed newspaper or magazine. A portion of the content is optically scanned using a mobile device. The optically scanned portion of the content includes a Quick Response code. The mobile device adds a plurality of products to a shopping list maintained by the shopping agent in response to the optically scanned portion of the content. The product is selected from a consideration set. A personalized offer for the product is redeemed at a retailer using the mobile device. An affiliate fee is paid to the publisher after the personalized offer is redeemed.	1. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent including an application programming interface (API); using a publisher to receive information from the shopping agent via the API; publishing content based on the information received from the shopping agent; optically scanning a portion of the content using a mobile device; using the mobile device to add a product to a shopping list maintained by the shopping agent in response to the optically scanned portion of the content; and redeeming a personalized offer for the product at a retailer using the mobile device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the optically scanned portion of the content includes a Quick Response (QR) code. 3. The method of claim 1, further including adding a plurality of products to a shopping list in response to the optically scanned portion of the content. 4. The method of claim 1, further including publishing a histogram as a part of the content. 5. The method of claim 1, further including paying an affiliate fee to the publisher after redeeming the personalized offer. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the content includes a recipe. 7. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent including an application programming interface (API); publishing content including a product and a link to the shopping agent; utilizing the link to negotiate a personalized offer for the product via the API; and redeeming the personalized offer for the product at a retailer. 8. The method of claim 7, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 9. The method of claim 7, further including: publishing content including a plurality of products; and utilizing the link to negotiate the personalized offer for the plurality of products. 10. The method of claim 7, further including clearing the personalized offer through a payment provider. 11. The method of claim 7, further including publishing the content in a printed newspaper or magazine. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the link to the shopping agent is a Quick Response (QR) code. 13. The method of claim 7, further including adding the personalized offer to a shopping list using the API. 14. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent; publishing a link to the shopping agent; using the link to add a product to a shopping list of the shopping agent; and purchasing the product at a retailer. 15. The method of claim 14, further including submitting an intent to buy to the publisher. 16. The method of claim 14, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 17. The method of claim 14, further including publishing the link to the shopping agent as a Quick Response (QR) code. 18. The method of claim 14, further including publishing the link to the shopping agent on a webpage using a plugin. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plugin communicates with the shopping agent using an application programming interface (API). 20. The method of claim 14, further including publishing a histogram adjacent to the link. 21. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent; publishing a link to the shopping agent; and using the link to add a product to a shopping list. 22. The method of claim 21, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 23. The method of claim 21, further including: providing a sales agent; and negotiating a personalized offer for the product between the sales agent and shopping agent. 24. The method of claim 21, further including publishing the link as a Quick Response (QR) code. 25. The method of claim 21, further including publishing the link as a hyperlink on a webpage.	A commerce system is controlled by a shopping agent including an application programming interface. A publisher receives information from the shopping agent via the API. Content is published based on the information received from the shopping agent. The content includes a histogram. The content includes a recipe. The content is published on a website or in a printed newspaper or magazine. A portion of the content is optically scanned using a mobile device. The optically scanned portion of the content includes a Quick Response code. The mobile device adds a plurality of products to a shopping list maintained by the shopping agent in response to the optically scanned portion of the content. The product is selected from a consideration set. A personalized offer for the product is redeemed at a retailer using the mobile device. An affiliate fee is paid to the publisher after the personalized offer is redeemed.1. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent including an application programming interface (API); using a publisher to receive information from the shopping agent via the API; publishing content based on the information received from the shopping agent; optically scanning a portion of the content using a mobile device; using the mobile device to add a product to a shopping list maintained by the shopping agent in response to the optically scanned portion of the content; and redeeming a personalized offer for the product at a retailer using the mobile device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the optically scanned portion of the content includes a Quick Response (QR) code. 3. The method of claim 1, further including adding a plurality of products to a shopping list in response to the optically scanned portion of the content. 4. The method of claim 1, further including publishing a histogram as a part of the content. 5. The method of claim 1, further including paying an affiliate fee to the publisher after redeeming the personalized offer. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the content includes a recipe. 7. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent including an application programming interface (API); publishing content including a product and a link to the shopping agent; utilizing the link to negotiate a personalized offer for the product via the API; and redeeming the personalized offer for the product at a retailer. 8. The method of claim 7, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 9. The method of claim 7, further including: publishing content including a plurality of products; and utilizing the link to negotiate the personalized offer for the plurality of products. 10. The method of claim 7, further including clearing the personalized offer through a payment provider. 11. The method of claim 7, further including publishing the content in a printed newspaper or magazine. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the link to the shopping agent is a Quick Response (QR) code. 13. The method of claim 7, further including adding the personalized offer to a shopping list using the API. 14. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent; publishing a link to the shopping agent; using the link to add a product to a shopping list of the shopping agent; and purchasing the product at a retailer. 15. The method of claim 14, further including submitting an intent to buy to the publisher. 16. The method of claim 14, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 17. The method of claim 14, further including publishing the link to the shopping agent as a Quick Response (QR) code. 18. The method of claim 14, further including publishing the link to the shopping agent on a webpage using a plugin. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plugin communicates with the shopping agent using an application programming interface (API). 20. The method of claim 14, further including publishing a histogram adjacent to the link. 21. A method of controlling a commerce system, comprising: providing a shopping agent; publishing a link to the shopping agent; and using the link to add a product to a shopping list. 22. The method of claim 21, further including selecting the product from a consideration set. 23. The method of claim 21, further including: providing a sales agent; and negotiating a personalized offer for the product between the sales agent and shopping agent. 24. The method of claim 21, further including publishing the link as a Quick Response (QR) code. 25. The method of claim 21, further including publishing the link as a hyperlink on a webpage.	3,600
12,957	12,957	13,465,745	3,689	Systems and methods for the computerized management of patent information. Various computer-implemented methods and apparatuses provide a more intuitive and meaningful visual representation of key aspects relating to the patent prosecution normally encountered with respect to the management of the prosecution of multiple patent cases. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of each individual patent family within the viewed set or subset of families. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the relative timeline of the progress of a particular patent case. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the budget and cost information associated with at least some of the events on the timeline representation of a given case. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the relative status of any one application.	1. A computerized system for the management of patent information, the system comprising: a familial module adapted to maintain familial data related to at least one patent application; a schedule module adapted to maintain schedule data related to the at least one patent application; an integrator comprising: a processor, a memory, and an integrator database configured to store data queried from the familial module and the schedule module by the processor using logic stored in the memory; and a user terminal adapted to display a dashboard interface to a user, the dashboard interface visually representing the data related to the at least one patent application and comprising: a family tree icon, the family tree icon visually depicting the familial relations of the at least one patent application, a timeline, the timeline visually depicting the relative patent prosecution progress of the at least one patent application, and a status indication icon, the status indication icon visually depicting the relative patent prosecution status of the at least one patent application. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the familial module comprises a familial database configured to store familial data related to the at least one patent application. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the familial module comprises routines adapted to access familial-related information via the Internet. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the schedule module comprises a schedule database configured to store schedule data related to the at least one patent application. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the schedule module comprises routines adapted to access schedule-related information via the Internet. 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cost database, the cost database configured to store cost data related to the at least one patent application, wherein the processor is further configured to query the cost database and store the returned cost data in the integrator database. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the dashboard interface is displayed to the user on at least one of a desktop computer, a laptop computer, personal digital assistant, tablet, or smartphone. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the family tree icon is at least one of zoomable, expandable, or contractible by the user and the status indication icon further comprises identification of the at least one patent application in at least one of the categories, “Preparation,” “Pending,” “Issued,” “Appeal,” “Contested,” or “Expired.” 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the timeline further comprises at least one prosecution event, the at least one prosecution event visually depicting an associated event occurring during patent prosecution. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the timeline further comprises an estimated timeframe span for the at least one prosecution event, the estimated timeframe span visually depicting the relative time range in which the at least one prosecution event should occur. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the timeline further comprises a current time marker, the current time marker visually depicting the relative current time in relation to the timeline and the at least one prosecution event. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the dashboard interface further comprises a cost indication icon for the at least one prosecution event, the cost indication icon visually depicting the cost relative to a budget for the prosecution expense of the at least one prosecution event. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the cost indication icon comprises one of a thermometer-style icon, a fuel-gauge-style icon, or a percentage-based icon, and the cost indication icon is shaded with green to indicate a low spent cost relative to an estimated cost, yellow to indicate an intermediate spent cost relative to the estimated cost, and red to indicate a high spent cost relative to the estimated cost. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the family tree icon further comprises foreign patent applications and the system further comprises the option to select a home country such that the family tree icon displays patent applications not being prosecuted in the home country as foreign patent applications. 15. A method for the computerized management of patent information, the method comprising: populating a familial database with familial data related to at least one patent application; populating a schedule database with schedule data related to the at least one patent application; querying, by an integrator, data from the familial database; querying, by an integrator, data from the schedule database; populating an integrator database with the data returned from the querying, by the integrator, of the familial database and the schedule database; receiving input from a user, the input related to the display desired by the user of the at least one patent application; outputting a dashboard interface to the user based on the received input, the dashboard interface visually representing the data related to the at least one patent application and comprising: a family tree icon, the family tree icon visually depicting the familial relations of the at least one patent application, a timeline, the timeline visually depicting the relative patent prosecution progress of the at least one patent application, and a status indication icon, the status indication icon visually depicting the relative patent prosecution status of the at least one patent application. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising recursively querying, by the integrator, data from the familial database and data from the schedule database. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising recursively receiving input from the user and outputting a dashboard interface based on the received input. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising populating a cost database, wherein the dashboard interface further comprises a visual depiction of cost data related to the at least one patent application. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein outputting the dashboard interface further comprises displaying at least one prosecution event, the at least one prosecution event visually depicting an associated event occurring during patent prosecution. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein outputting the dashboard interface further comprises displaying an estimated timeframe span for the at least one prosecution event, the estimated timeframe span visually depicting the relative time range in which the at least one prosecution event should occur.	Systems and methods for the computerized management of patent information. Various computer-implemented methods and apparatuses provide a more intuitive and meaningful visual representation of key aspects relating to the patent prosecution normally encountered with respect to the management of the prosecution of multiple patent cases. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of each individual patent family within the viewed set or subset of families. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the relative timeline of the progress of a particular patent case. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the budget and cost information associated with at least some of the events on the timeline representation of a given case. In an embodiment, the system provides a visual representation of the relative status of any one application.1. A computerized system for the management of patent information, the system comprising: a familial module adapted to maintain familial data related to at least one patent application; a schedule module adapted to maintain schedule data related to the at least one patent application; an integrator comprising: a processor, a memory, and an integrator database configured to store data queried from the familial module and the schedule module by the processor using logic stored in the memory; and a user terminal adapted to display a dashboard interface to a user, the dashboard interface visually representing the data related to the at least one patent application and comprising: a family tree icon, the family tree icon visually depicting the familial relations of the at least one patent application, a timeline, the timeline visually depicting the relative patent prosecution progress of the at least one patent application, and a status indication icon, the status indication icon visually depicting the relative patent prosecution status of the at least one patent application. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the familial module comprises a familial database configured to store familial data related to the at least one patent application. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the familial module comprises routines adapted to access familial-related information via the Internet. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the schedule module comprises a schedule database configured to store schedule data related to the at least one patent application. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the schedule module comprises routines adapted to access schedule-related information via the Internet. 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cost database, the cost database configured to store cost data related to the at least one patent application, wherein the processor is further configured to query the cost database and store the returned cost data in the integrator database. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the dashboard interface is displayed to the user on at least one of a desktop computer, a laptop computer, personal digital assistant, tablet, or smartphone. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the family tree icon is at least one of zoomable, expandable, or contractible by the user and the status indication icon further comprises identification of the at least one patent application in at least one of the categories, “Preparation,” “Pending,” “Issued,” “Appeal,” “Contested,” or “Expired.” 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the timeline further comprises at least one prosecution event, the at least one prosecution event visually depicting an associated event occurring during patent prosecution. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the timeline further comprises an estimated timeframe span for the at least one prosecution event, the estimated timeframe span visually depicting the relative time range in which the at least one prosecution event should occur. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the timeline further comprises a current time marker, the current time marker visually depicting the relative current time in relation to the timeline and the at least one prosecution event. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the dashboard interface further comprises a cost indication icon for the at least one prosecution event, the cost indication icon visually depicting the cost relative to a budget for the prosecution expense of the at least one prosecution event. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the cost indication icon comprises one of a thermometer-style icon, a fuel-gauge-style icon, or a percentage-based icon, and the cost indication icon is shaded with green to indicate a low spent cost relative to an estimated cost, yellow to indicate an intermediate spent cost relative to the estimated cost, and red to indicate a high spent cost relative to the estimated cost. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the family tree icon further comprises foreign patent applications and the system further comprises the option to select a home country such that the family tree icon displays patent applications not being prosecuted in the home country as foreign patent applications. 15. A method for the computerized management of patent information, the method comprising: populating a familial database with familial data related to at least one patent application; populating a schedule database with schedule data related to the at least one patent application; querying, by an integrator, data from the familial database; querying, by an integrator, data from the schedule database; populating an integrator database with the data returned from the querying, by the integrator, of the familial database and the schedule database; receiving input from a user, the input related to the display desired by the user of the at least one patent application; outputting a dashboard interface to the user based on the received input, the dashboard interface visually representing the data related to the at least one patent application and comprising: a family tree icon, the family tree icon visually depicting the familial relations of the at least one patent application, a timeline, the timeline visually depicting the relative patent prosecution progress of the at least one patent application, and a status indication icon, the status indication icon visually depicting the relative patent prosecution status of the at least one patent application. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising recursively querying, by the integrator, data from the familial database and data from the schedule database. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising recursively receiving input from the user and outputting a dashboard interface based on the received input. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising populating a cost database, wherein the dashboard interface further comprises a visual depiction of cost data related to the at least one patent application. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein outputting the dashboard interface further comprises displaying at least one prosecution event, the at least one prosecution event visually depicting an associated event occurring during patent prosecution. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein outputting the dashboard interface further comprises displaying an estimated timeframe span for the at least one prosecution event, the estimated timeframe span visually depicting the relative time range in which the at least one prosecution event should occur.	3,600
12,958	12,958	13,977,293	3,689	Disclosed in some examples is a product management service including a point of sale module configured to receive from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associate the consumer information with a consumer account; and update the consumer account with the product information; and a warranty registration module configured to send a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information.	1. A system for providing a product management service, the system comprising: a point of sale interface module configured to: receive from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associate the consumer information with a consumer account; and update the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account using a computer processor; and a warranty registration module configured to send a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 2. The system of claim 1, comprising a rebate module configured to determine that a rebate is applicable to the product information and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the rebate module is configured to receive a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the rebate module is configured to set a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the rebate module is configured to check a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the rebate module is configured to notify a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 7. The system of claim 1, comprising a consumer interface module configured to provide a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the point of sale interface module and the point of sale terminal communicate using a secure protocol. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service. 11. A computer processor implemented method of product management comprising: receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associating the consumer information with a consumer account by the product management service using the computer processor; automatically updating the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account by the product management service; sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information by the product management service, to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 12. The method of claim 11, comprising: determining that a rebate is applicable to the product information; and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 13. The method of claim 12, comprising receiving a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 14. The method of claim 13, comprising setting a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 15. The method of claim 14, comprising checking a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 16. The method of claim 15, comprising notifying a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 17. The method of claim 11, comprising providing a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information is done using a secure protocol. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service. 21. At least one machine readable medium storing instructions which when performed by a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associating the consumer information with a consumer account; updating the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account; sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 22. The machine-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: determining that a rebate is applicable to the product information and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 23. The machine-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: receiving a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 24. The machine-readable medium of claim 23, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: setting a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 25. The machine-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: checking a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 26. The machine-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: notifying a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 27. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: providing a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 28. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the instructions for receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information include instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: communicating with the point of sale terminal using a secure protocol. 29. The machine-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 30. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service.	Disclosed in some examples is a product management service including a point of sale module configured to receive from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associate the consumer information with a consumer account; and update the consumer account with the product information; and a warranty registration module configured to send a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information.1. A system for providing a product management service, the system comprising: a point of sale interface module configured to: receive from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associate the consumer information with a consumer account; and update the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account using a computer processor; and a warranty registration module configured to send a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 2. The system of claim 1, comprising a rebate module configured to determine that a rebate is applicable to the product information and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the rebate module is configured to receive a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the rebate module is configured to set a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the rebate module is configured to check a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the rebate module is configured to notify a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 7. The system of claim 1, comprising a consumer interface module configured to provide a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the point of sale interface module and the point of sale terminal communicate using a secure protocol. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service. 11. A computer processor implemented method of product management comprising: receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associating the consumer information with a consumer account by the product management service using the computer processor; automatically updating the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account by the product management service; sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information by the product management service, to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 12. The method of claim 11, comprising: determining that a rebate is applicable to the product information; and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 13. The method of claim 12, comprising receiving a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 14. The method of claim 13, comprising setting a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 15. The method of claim 14, comprising checking a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 16. The method of claim 15, comprising notifying a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 17. The method of claim 11, comprising providing a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information is done using a secure protocol. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service. 21. At least one machine readable medium storing instructions which when performed by a machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information; associating the consumer information with a consumer account; updating the consumer account with the product information responsive to associating the consumer information with a consumer account; sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a warranty registration service responsive to updating the consumer account with the product information to register the product described by the product information. 22. The machine-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: determining that a rebate is applicable to the product information and responsive to determining that the rebate is applicable to the product information, sending a portion of the product information and a portion of the customer information to a rebate service to apply for the rebate. 23. The machine-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: receiving a confirmation from the rebate service that the rebate was processed successfully. 24. The machine-readable medium of claim 23, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: setting a follow-up reminder responsive to receiving the confirmation from the rebate service. 25. The machine-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: checking a status of the rebate on expiry of the follow-up reminder. 26. The machine-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: notifying a consumer associated with the consumer account responsive to checking the status of the rebate. 27. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: providing a consumer with a network accessible user interface, which allows the consumer to view information related to their consumer account. 28. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the instructions for receiving from a point of sale terminal, over a network, by a product management service, product and consumer information as part of a sale of a product described by the product information include instructions which when performed by the machine, cause the machine to perform operations comprising: communicating with the point of sale terminal using a secure protocol. 29. The machine-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the product information comprises at least one of: a universal product code, a stock keeping unit, an item description, a serial number, a lot number, a batch number, and a manufacture date. 30. The machine-readable medium of claim 21 wherein the consumer information includes at least one of: credit card information, name, address, account information for an account on the product management service.	3,600
12,959	12,959	14,616,879	3,683	Systems, methods, and other embodiments that are associated with a computing device configured to execute a computer application, for providing a determination of retail item demand volatility, are described. In one embodiment, a historical error value is generated, at a class level, representing an uncertainty in a demand for a class of retail items. A scaling value is generated, at a retail item level, representing a variability in a demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items. A forecast error value is generated representing an uncertainty in the demand for the at least one retail item by combining at least the scaling value for the at least one retail item and the historical error value for the class.	1. A method implemented by a computing device configured to execute a computer application, wherein the computer application is configured to process data in electronic form, the method comprising: for a class of retail items that are for sale at one or more retail locations: generating, at a class level, a historical error value representing an uncertainty in a demand for the class of retail items; generating, at a retail item level, a scaling value representing a variability in a demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items; and generating a forecast error value representing an uncertainty in the demand for the at least one retail item by combining at least the scaling value for the at least one retail item and the historical error value for the class. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, at the class level, the historical error value comprises: selecting a demand forecast model for the class of retail items for predicting a future demand for the class of retail items; reading historical demand data from at least one data structure, over a plurality of past retail periods, representing actual sales of the class of retail items at the class level; performing a backcast operation, using the demand forecast model, on the historical demand data at the class level to generate backcast data representing estimated sales of the class of retail items over the plurality of past retail periods; and generating the historical error value based at least in part on the historical demand data and the backcast data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating the historical error value comprises: generating a normalized difference value, for each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods at the class level, forming a plurality of normalized difference values each representing an absolute difference between the historical demand data and the backcast data which is normalized to the historical demand data; summing the plurality of normalized difference values across the plurality of past retail periods, forming a sum value; and dividing the sum value by a number of the plurality of past retail periods to form the historical error value at the class level. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, at the retail item level, the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items comprises: selecting a demand forecast model for the class of retail items for predicting a future demand for the class of retail items; reading historical demand data from at least one data structure, over a plurality of past retail periods, representing actual sales of the class of retail items at the retail item level; performing a backcast operation, using the demand forecast model, on the historical demand data at the retail item level to generate backcast data representing estimated sales of the at least one retail item in the class of retail items over the plurality of past retail periods; and generating the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items based at least in part on the historical demand data and the backcast data. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein generating the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items comprises: generating a difference value for each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods for each retail item in the class of retail items, representing a difference between the historical demand data and the backcast data; generating a standard deviation value for each retail item in the class of retail items based at least in part on the difference value of each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods; generating an average standard deviation value for the class of retail items based on the standard deviation value of each retail item in the class of retail items; and dividing the standard deviation value for the at least one retail item by the average standard deviation value to form the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a safety stock value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items at the retail item level based at least in part on the forecast error value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items, where the safety stock value represents an amount of the at least one retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the at least one retail item. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods represents one of a day, a week, a month, or a year. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein each retail period of the plurality of past retail period represents one of a day, a week, a month, or a year. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more retail locations include at least one of a physical store or an on-line store. 10. A computing system, comprising: class level error logic configured to generate, at a class level, a historical error value representing an uncertainty in a demand for a class including a plurality of retail items; and item level error logic configured to: (i) generate a scaling value, at a retail item level, for individual retail items from the plurality of retail items, wherein the scaling value represents a variability in a demand for an associated retail item of the plurality of retail items, and (ii) generate a forecast error value, at the retail item level, for the individual retail items from the plurality of retail items by combining at least the scaling value and the historical error value, wherein the forecast error value represents an uncertainty in the demand for the associated retail item. 11. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising safety stock logic configured to generate, at the retail item level, a safety stock value for the individual retail items of the plurality of retail items based at least in part on the forecast error value, wherein the safety stock value represents an amount of the associated retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the associated retail item. 12. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising a demand forecast model configured to: generate, at the class level, backcast data representing estimated sales of the plurality of retail items over at least one past retail period, and predict, at the retail item level and the class level, the demand for the plurality of retail items over at least one future retail period. 13. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising visual user interface logic configured to facilitate inputting of historical demand data into one or more data structures, wherein the historical demand data represents actual sales of the plurality of retail items at the class level and the retail item level over at least one past retail period. 14. The computing system of claim 13, further comprising a display screen configured to display and facilitate user interaction with at least a graphical user interface, wherein the visual user interface logic is configured to generate the graphical user interface. 15. The computing system of claim 14, wherein the item level error logic is configured to transform an output data structure by populating the output data structure with at least the forecast error value for the associated retail item. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the item level error logic is configured to operably interact with the visual user interface logic to facilitate displaying of at least the forecast error value for the associated retail item, of the output data structure, on the display screen via the graphical user interface. 17. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising a database device configured to store data structures associated with the computing system. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that are part of an algorithm that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method, wherein the instructions comprise instructions configured for: generating a historical error value, representing an uncertainty in demand for a class of retail items at a class level, based at least in part on historical demand data and backcast data at the class level; generating a scaling value, representing a variability in demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items at a retail item level, based at least in part on historical demand data and backcast data at the retail item level; and transforming the historical error value, based at least in part on the scaling value for the at least one retail item, into a forecast error value representing an uncertainty in demand for the at least one retail item. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions further include instructions configured for transforming at least one output data structure by populating the at least one output data structure with at least the forecast error value for the at least one retail item. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions further include instructions configured for transforming the forecast error value into a safety stock value for the at least one retail item based at least in part on a function, where the safety stock value represents an amount of the at least one retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the at least one retail item.	Systems, methods, and other embodiments that are associated with a computing device configured to execute a computer application, for providing a determination of retail item demand volatility, are described. In one embodiment, a historical error value is generated, at a class level, representing an uncertainty in a demand for a class of retail items. A scaling value is generated, at a retail item level, representing a variability in a demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items. A forecast error value is generated representing an uncertainty in the demand for the at least one retail item by combining at least the scaling value for the at least one retail item and the historical error value for the class.1. A method implemented by a computing device configured to execute a computer application, wherein the computer application is configured to process data in electronic form, the method comprising: for a class of retail items that are for sale at one or more retail locations: generating, at a class level, a historical error value representing an uncertainty in a demand for the class of retail items; generating, at a retail item level, a scaling value representing a variability in a demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items; and generating a forecast error value representing an uncertainty in the demand for the at least one retail item by combining at least the scaling value for the at least one retail item and the historical error value for the class. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, at the class level, the historical error value comprises: selecting a demand forecast model for the class of retail items for predicting a future demand for the class of retail items; reading historical demand data from at least one data structure, over a plurality of past retail periods, representing actual sales of the class of retail items at the class level; performing a backcast operation, using the demand forecast model, on the historical demand data at the class level to generate backcast data representing estimated sales of the class of retail items over the plurality of past retail periods; and generating the historical error value based at least in part on the historical demand data and the backcast data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating the historical error value comprises: generating a normalized difference value, for each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods at the class level, forming a plurality of normalized difference values each representing an absolute difference between the historical demand data and the backcast data which is normalized to the historical demand data; summing the plurality of normalized difference values across the plurality of past retail periods, forming a sum value; and dividing the sum value by a number of the plurality of past retail periods to form the historical error value at the class level. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating, at the retail item level, the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items comprises: selecting a demand forecast model for the class of retail items for predicting a future demand for the class of retail items; reading historical demand data from at least one data structure, over a plurality of past retail periods, representing actual sales of the class of retail items at the retail item level; performing a backcast operation, using the demand forecast model, on the historical demand data at the retail item level to generate backcast data representing estimated sales of the at least one retail item in the class of retail items over the plurality of past retail periods; and generating the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items based at least in part on the historical demand data and the backcast data. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein generating the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items comprises: generating a difference value for each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods for each retail item in the class of retail items, representing a difference between the historical demand data and the backcast data; generating a standard deviation value for each retail item in the class of retail items based at least in part on the difference value of each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods; generating an average standard deviation value for the class of retail items based on the standard deviation value of each retail item in the class of retail items; and dividing the standard deviation value for the at least one retail item by the average standard deviation value to form the scaling value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a safety stock value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items at the retail item level based at least in part on the forecast error value for the at least one retail item in the class of retail items, where the safety stock value represents an amount of the at least one retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the at least one retail item. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein each retail period of the plurality of past retail periods represents one of a day, a week, a month, or a year. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein each retail period of the plurality of past retail period represents one of a day, a week, a month, or a year. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more retail locations include at least one of a physical store or an on-line store. 10. A computing system, comprising: class level error logic configured to generate, at a class level, a historical error value representing an uncertainty in a demand for a class including a plurality of retail items; and item level error logic configured to: (i) generate a scaling value, at a retail item level, for individual retail items from the plurality of retail items, wherein the scaling value represents a variability in a demand for an associated retail item of the plurality of retail items, and (ii) generate a forecast error value, at the retail item level, for the individual retail items from the plurality of retail items by combining at least the scaling value and the historical error value, wherein the forecast error value represents an uncertainty in the demand for the associated retail item. 11. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising safety stock logic configured to generate, at the retail item level, a safety stock value for the individual retail items of the plurality of retail items based at least in part on the forecast error value, wherein the safety stock value represents an amount of the associated retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the associated retail item. 12. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising a demand forecast model configured to: generate, at the class level, backcast data representing estimated sales of the plurality of retail items over at least one past retail period, and predict, at the retail item level and the class level, the demand for the plurality of retail items over at least one future retail period. 13. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising visual user interface logic configured to facilitate inputting of historical demand data into one or more data structures, wherein the historical demand data represents actual sales of the plurality of retail items at the class level and the retail item level over at least one past retail period. 14. The computing system of claim 13, further comprising a display screen configured to display and facilitate user interaction with at least a graphical user interface, wherein the visual user interface logic is configured to generate the graphical user interface. 15. The computing system of claim 14, wherein the item level error logic is configured to transform an output data structure by populating the output data structure with at least the forecast error value for the associated retail item. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the item level error logic is configured to operably interact with the visual user interface logic to facilitate displaying of at least the forecast error value for the associated retail item, of the output data structure, on the display screen via the graphical user interface. 17. The computing system of claim 10, further comprising a database device configured to store data structures associated with the computing system. 18. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that are part of an algorithm that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method, wherein the instructions comprise instructions configured for: generating a historical error value, representing an uncertainty in demand for a class of retail items at a class level, based at least in part on historical demand data and backcast data at the class level; generating a scaling value, representing a variability in demand for at least one retail item in the class of retail items at a retail item level, based at least in part on historical demand data and backcast data at the retail item level; and transforming the historical error value, based at least in part on the scaling value for the at least one retail item, into a forecast error value representing an uncertainty in demand for the at least one retail item. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions further include instructions configured for transforming at least one output data structure by populating the at least one output data structure with at least the forecast error value for the at least one retail item. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the instructions further include instructions configured for transforming the forecast error value into a safety stock value for the at least one retail item based at least in part on a function, where the safety stock value represents an amount of the at least one retail item to purchase to account for demand variability of the at least one retail item.	3,600
12,960	12,960	15,257,388	3,631	An air inflatable mattress and mattress coverlet are provided for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers (i.e., pressure sores or bedsores). The mattress incorporates a user selectable static or alternating air powered support surface for more uniformly redistributing pressure exerted on a patient's skin. The mattress coverlet encompasses a low air loss feature independent of the mattress's user selectable air powered support surface. Such low air loss feature provides a patient contact surface exhibiting a high moisture vapor transfer ratio in conjunction with a forced air flow to aid in reducing the moisture and heat near the patient's body. Both the mattress and mattress coverlet are driven by an external control system which houses the user controls, as well as the necessary pumps, regulators, and valving.	1-24. (canceled) 25. A patient support system for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers, said patient support system comprising: a foam shell defining an internal cavity for housing a plurality of air cells; a plurality of air cells for supporting a patient thereon, with said air cells housed in said foam shell internal cavity; a multi-layer mattress coverlet, said coverlet providing an independently operable low air loss feature and encasing said foam shell; and an external control system for respectively driving and not driving said plurality of air cells and for separately operating said low air loss feature of said multi-layer mattress coverlet by selectively switching on and off a continuous airflow therethrough, so that said low air loss feature is turned on and off as desired for treatment of a patient independently of how such patient is support with said air cells. 26. A patient support system as set forth in claim 25, wherein said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprises three layers. 27. A patient support system as set forth in claim 26, wherein: said three layers of said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprise respective first, middle, and third layers: and further wherein said continuous airflow provided by said external control system through said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprises an airflow provided by said external control system through said middle layer of said mattress coverlet. 28. A patient support system as set forth in claim 27, wherein said third layer further forms a zippered sheath for encasing said foam shell and said air cells housed in said internal cavity thereof. 29. A patient support system as set forth in claim 28, wherein said first and said third layers are welded together about generally their entire periphery and are spot welded in a plurality of locations to control billowing thereof. 30. A patient support system as set forth in claim 27, wherein said first layer is perforated. 31. A patient support system as set forth in claim 25, wherein said external control system is a fully self-contained unit for providing inflationary airflows to said air cells and independently to said mattress coverlet. 32. A patient support system as set forth in claim 31, wherein said external control system houses a plurality of pumps for respectively providing said inflationary airflows. 33. A patient support system as set forth in claim 32, wherein said plurality of pumps operate independently so as to allow alternate or simultaneous use of said plurality of air cells. 34. A patient support system for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers, said patient support system comprising: a foam shell defining an internal cavity; a plurality of air cells housed in said foam shell internal cavity; a multi-layer mattress coverlet, said coverlet providing a low air loss feature and encasing said foam shell; and an external control system, wherein said external control system comprises a fully self-contained unit for separately providing inflationary airflows to said air cells, respectively, and independently to at least one layer of said multi-layer mattress coverlet, wherein said control system can turn off and on said air cells and said low air loss features independently of each other. 35. A patient support system as set forth in claim 34, wherein said external control system houses a plurality of pumps operating independently so as to allow alternate or simultaneous use of said air cells.	An air inflatable mattress and mattress coverlet are provided for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers (i.e., pressure sores or bedsores). The mattress incorporates a user selectable static or alternating air powered support surface for more uniformly redistributing pressure exerted on a patient's skin. The mattress coverlet encompasses a low air loss feature independent of the mattress's user selectable air powered support surface. Such low air loss feature provides a patient contact surface exhibiting a high moisture vapor transfer ratio in conjunction with a forced air flow to aid in reducing the moisture and heat near the patient's body. Both the mattress and mattress coverlet are driven by an external control system which houses the user controls, as well as the necessary pumps, regulators, and valving.1-24. (canceled) 25. A patient support system for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers, said patient support system comprising: a foam shell defining an internal cavity for housing a plurality of air cells; a plurality of air cells for supporting a patient thereon, with said air cells housed in said foam shell internal cavity; a multi-layer mattress coverlet, said coverlet providing an independently operable low air loss feature and encasing said foam shell; and an external control system for respectively driving and not driving said plurality of air cells and for separately operating said low air loss feature of said multi-layer mattress coverlet by selectively switching on and off a continuous airflow therethrough, so that said low air loss feature is turned on and off as desired for treatment of a patient independently of how such patient is support with said air cells. 26. A patient support system as set forth in claim 25, wherein said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprises three layers. 27. A patient support system as set forth in claim 26, wherein: said three layers of said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprise respective first, middle, and third layers: and further wherein said continuous airflow provided by said external control system through said multi-layer mattress coverlet comprises an airflow provided by said external control system through said middle layer of said mattress coverlet. 28. A patient support system as set forth in claim 27, wherein said third layer further forms a zippered sheath for encasing said foam shell and said air cells housed in said internal cavity thereof. 29. A patient support system as set forth in claim 28, wherein said first and said third layers are welded together about generally their entire periphery and are spot welded in a plurality of locations to control billowing thereof. 30. A patient support system as set forth in claim 27, wherein said first layer is perforated. 31. A patient support system as set forth in claim 25, wherein said external control system is a fully self-contained unit for providing inflationary airflows to said air cells and independently to said mattress coverlet. 32. A patient support system as set forth in claim 31, wherein said external control system houses a plurality of pumps for respectively providing said inflationary airflows. 33. A patient support system as set forth in claim 32, wherein said plurality of pumps operate independently so as to allow alternate or simultaneous use of said plurality of air cells. 34. A patient support system for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers, said patient support system comprising: a foam shell defining an internal cavity; a plurality of air cells housed in said foam shell internal cavity; a multi-layer mattress coverlet, said coverlet providing a low air loss feature and encasing said foam shell; and an external control system, wherein said external control system comprises a fully self-contained unit for separately providing inflationary airflows to said air cells, respectively, and independently to at least one layer of said multi-layer mattress coverlet, wherein said control system can turn off and on said air cells and said low air loss features independently of each other. 35. A patient support system as set forth in claim 34, wherein said external control system houses a plurality of pumps operating independently so as to allow alternate or simultaneous use of said air cells.	3,600
12,961	12,961	14,747,876	3,678	A clamping device for positioning longitudinal fixation elements includes (a) a first clamp having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes; (b) a second clamp including first and second clamping arms defining a third clamp opening therebetween for receiving a longitudinal fixation element; (c) a first borehole extending through the three arms of the first clamp and the first and second arms of the second clamp along a first axis; (d) a shaft extending through the first borehole; and (e) a locking member engagable with the shaft to lock the locking elements within the first and second clamps and prevent rotation of the first and second clamps relative to one another about the first axis.	1-15. (canceled) 16. A clamping device for positioning longitudinal fixation elements, comprising: a first clamp having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes; a second clamp including first and second clamping arms defining a third clamp opening therebetween for receiving a longitudinal fixation element; a first borehole extending through the three arms of the first clamp and the first and second arms of the second clamp along a first axis; a shaft extending through the first borehole; and a locking member engagable with the shaft to lock the locking elements within the first and second clamps and prevent rotation of the first and second clamps relative to one another about the first axis. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the first clamp includes a second borehole extending along a second axis parallel to the first axis to receive a pin therein, the pin limiting relative movement between at least two of the three clamping arms. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the locking member is a nut engagable with a threading along an end of the shaft. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein the first borehole expands to form at least one concave, semi-spherical surface at a first end of the first borehole concentric with the first axis. 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the shaft includes an enlarged end received within concave, spherical surface. 21. The device of claim 16, wherein each of the first, second and third clamp openings include a structural constriction. 22. The device of claim 16, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include a surface that tapers such that an opening of at least one of the insertion slots is larger than the structural constriction of a corresponding one of the first and second clamp openings. 23. The device of claim 16, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include at least two adjacent, semi cylindrical arcuate surfaces of different sized extending parallel to at least one of of the channel axes. 24. The device of claim 16, wherein a surface of the first clamp and a surface of the second clamp have a complementary elevation and recess which engage one another. 25. The device of claim 24, wherein one of the complementary elevation and recess are roughened. 26. The device of claim 25, wherein the complementary elevation and recess are coaxial with the first axis. 27. A clamp for securing longitudinal fixation elements, comprising: a clamp body having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes, wherein elastic deformation of the clamp body constricts and expands the insertion slots. 28. The clamp of claim 27, further comprising: a first borehole extending through the three clamping arms along a first axis. 29. The clamp of claim 28, further comprising a shaft received within the first borehole. 30. The clamp of claim 29, further comprising: a locking member engagable with an end of the shaft to lock the longitudinal fixation elements within the first and second clamp openings. 31. The clamp of claim 27, further comprising: a second borehole extending along a second axis parallel to the first axis, the second borehole configured to receive a pin to limit the relative movement of at least two of the clamping arms. 32. The clamp of claim 27, wherein at least two of the clamping arms include at least two adjacent semi-cylindrical arcuate surfaces of different sizes extending parallel to at least one of the channel axes. 33. The clamp of claim 27, wherein each of the first and second clamp openings include a structural constriction. 34. The clamp of claim 33, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include a surface that tapers such that an opening of at least one of the insertion slots is larger than the structural constriction of a corresponding one of the first and second clamp openings.	A clamping device for positioning longitudinal fixation elements includes (a) a first clamp having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes; (b) a second clamp including first and second clamping arms defining a third clamp opening therebetween for receiving a longitudinal fixation element; (c) a first borehole extending through the three arms of the first clamp and the first and second arms of the second clamp along a first axis; (d) a shaft extending through the first borehole; and (e) a locking member engagable with the shaft to lock the locking elements within the first and second clamps and prevent rotation of the first and second clamps relative to one another about the first axis.1-15. (canceled) 16. A clamping device for positioning longitudinal fixation elements, comprising: a first clamp having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes; a second clamp including first and second clamping arms defining a third clamp opening therebetween for receiving a longitudinal fixation element; a first borehole extending through the three arms of the first clamp and the first and second arms of the second clamp along a first axis; a shaft extending through the first borehole; and a locking member engagable with the shaft to lock the locking elements within the first and second clamps and prevent rotation of the first and second clamps relative to one another about the first axis. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the first clamp includes a second borehole extending along a second axis parallel to the first axis to receive a pin therein, the pin limiting relative movement between at least two of the three clamping arms. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the locking member is a nut engagable with a threading along an end of the shaft. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein the first borehole expands to form at least one concave, semi-spherical surface at a first end of the first borehole concentric with the first axis. 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the shaft includes an enlarged end received within concave, spherical surface. 21. The device of claim 16, wherein each of the first, second and third clamp openings include a structural constriction. 22. The device of claim 16, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include a surface that tapers such that an opening of at least one of the insertion slots is larger than the structural constriction of a corresponding one of the first and second clamp openings. 23. The device of claim 16, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include at least two adjacent, semi cylindrical arcuate surfaces of different sized extending parallel to at least one of of the channel axes. 24. The device of claim 16, wherein a surface of the first clamp and a surface of the second clamp have a complementary elevation and recess which engage one another. 25. The device of claim 24, wherein one of the complementary elevation and recess are roughened. 26. The device of claim 25, wherein the complementary elevation and recess are coaxial with the first axis. 27. A clamp for securing longitudinal fixation elements, comprising: a clamp body having a substantially S-shape and including three clamping arms defining first and second clamp openings for receiving longitudinal fixation elements therein, the first and second clamping openings extending along channel axes corresponding to longitudinal axes of the longitudinal fixation elements to be received therein and being open to an exterior of the clamp body via insertion slots through which the longitudinal bone fixation elements are insertable into the first and second clamp openings laterally relative to the channel axes, wherein elastic deformation of the clamp body constricts and expands the insertion slots. 28. The clamp of claim 27, further comprising: a first borehole extending through the three clamping arms along a first axis. 29. The clamp of claim 28, further comprising a shaft received within the first borehole. 30. The clamp of claim 29, further comprising: a locking member engagable with an end of the shaft to lock the longitudinal fixation elements within the first and second clamp openings. 31. The clamp of claim 27, further comprising: a second borehole extending along a second axis parallel to the first axis, the second borehole configured to receive a pin to limit the relative movement of at least two of the clamping arms. 32. The clamp of claim 27, wherein at least two of the clamping arms include at least two adjacent semi-cylindrical arcuate surfaces of different sizes extending parallel to at least one of the channel axes. 33. The clamp of claim 27, wherein each of the first and second clamp openings include a structural constriction. 34. The clamp of claim 33, wherein at least two of the three clamping arms of the first clamp include a surface that tapers such that an opening of at least one of the insertion slots is larger than the structural constriction of a corresponding one of the first and second clamp openings.	3,600
12,962	12,962	13,728,868	3,683	In general, the present disclosure describes techniques for detecting changes in demographic data of a customer based on energy consumption data of the customer. For example, a customer data management system receives energy consumption data of a customer and detects, based at least in part on the received energy consumption data of the customer, a change in demographic data associated with the customer. The customer data management system then outputs, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data.	1-11. (canceled) 12. A customer data management system comprising: one or more processors; an application server operable by the one or more processors to receive consumption data of a customer, and detect, based at least in part on demographic data about one or more customers and the received consumption data that indicates resource consumption of the customer, a potential change in demographic data about the customer; and an input/output server operable by the one or more processors to output, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data about the customer, wherein the at least one demographic change report indicates when the potential change in the demographic data about the customer was detected based on the consumption data. 13. The customer data management system of claim 12, wherein the application server further comprises: a modeling module, operable by the one or more processors to: receive consumption data associated with a known change in the demographic data about the one or more customers; map the consumption data associated with the known change to a plurality of usage clusters defined within a multidimensional space; and generate, based on the consumption data of the customer, a plurality of subseries, wherein a first subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval prior to an event and a second subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the event; and a data analysis module operable by the one or more processors to determine, based at least in part on the first subseries, the second subseries, and the plurality of usage clusters, that the event corresponds to the potential change. 14. The customer data management system of claim 13, wherein mapping the consumption data to the plurality of usage clusters comprises: generating, based on the consumption data associated with the known change, a second plurality of subseries, wherein at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval prior to the known change and at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the known change; and determining, based on the generated second plurality of subseries, the plurality of usage clusters in the multidimensional space. 15. The customer data management system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of usage clusters are determined using hierarchical clustering. 16. The customer data management system of claim 12, further comprising a database server having: a contract data store operable to store contract data associated with the one or more customers, the customer being one of the one or more customers; a usage data store operable to store usage data associated with the one or more customers; and a demographic data store operable to store the demographic data about the one or more customers; and wherein the application server further comprises a database access module operable by the one or more processors to access the contract data store, the usage data store, and the demographic data store to store or retrieve data. 17. A computer program product comprising: one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to receive energy consumption data of a customer, the energy consumption data being generated by an electricity meter associated with the customer; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to detect, based at least in part on demographic data about one or more customers and the received energy consumption data that indicates energy consumption of the customer, a potential change in demographic data about the customer; and program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to output, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data about the customer, wherein the at least one demographic change report indicates when the potential change in the demographic data about the customer was detected based on the energy consumption data. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, further comprising: program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to receive energy consumption data associated with a known change in the demographic data about the one or more customers; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to map the energy consumption data associated with the known change to a plurality of usage clusters defined within a multidimensional space; and program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to generate, based on the energy consumption data of the customer, a plurality of subseries, wherein a first subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval prior to an event and a second subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the event; wherein detecting the potential change in the demographic data about the customer comprises determining, based at least in part on the first subseries, the second subseries, and the plurality of usage clusters, that the event corresponds to the potential change. 19. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein determining that the event corresponds to the potential change comprises: generating a set of values for both the first subseries and the second subseries, wherein each of the values represents the likelihood that the respective subseries belongs to the respective usage cluster; and comparing the sets of values for the first subseries and the second subseries. 20. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein mapping the energy consumption data to the plurality of usage clusters comprises: generating, based on the energy consumption data associated with the known change, a second plurality of subseries, wherein at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval prior to the known change and at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the known change; and determining, based on the generated second plurality of subseries, at least one usage cluster in the multidimensional space.	In general, the present disclosure describes techniques for detecting changes in demographic data of a customer based on energy consumption data of the customer. For example, a customer data management system receives energy consumption data of a customer and detects, based at least in part on the received energy consumption data of the customer, a change in demographic data associated with the customer. The customer data management system then outputs, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data.1-11. (canceled) 12. A customer data management system comprising: one or more processors; an application server operable by the one or more processors to receive consumption data of a customer, and detect, based at least in part on demographic data about one or more customers and the received consumption data that indicates resource consumption of the customer, a potential change in demographic data about the customer; and an input/output server operable by the one or more processors to output, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data about the customer, wherein the at least one demographic change report indicates when the potential change in the demographic data about the customer was detected based on the consumption data. 13. The customer data management system of claim 12, wherein the application server further comprises: a modeling module, operable by the one or more processors to: receive consumption data associated with a known change in the demographic data about the one or more customers; map the consumption data associated with the known change to a plurality of usage clusters defined within a multidimensional space; and generate, based on the consumption data of the customer, a plurality of subseries, wherein a first subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval prior to an event and a second subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the event; and a data analysis module operable by the one or more processors to determine, based at least in part on the first subseries, the second subseries, and the plurality of usage clusters, that the event corresponds to the potential change. 14. The customer data management system of claim 13, wherein mapping the consumption data to the plurality of usage clusters comprises: generating, based on the consumption data associated with the known change, a second plurality of subseries, wherein at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval prior to the known change and at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the known change; and determining, based on the generated second plurality of subseries, the plurality of usage clusters in the multidimensional space. 15. The customer data management system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of usage clusters are determined using hierarchical clustering. 16. The customer data management system of claim 12, further comprising a database server having: a contract data store operable to store contract data associated with the one or more customers, the customer being one of the one or more customers; a usage data store operable to store usage data associated with the one or more customers; and a demographic data store operable to store the demographic data about the one or more customers; and wherein the application server further comprises a database access module operable by the one or more processors to access the contract data store, the usage data store, and the demographic data store to store or retrieve data. 17. A computer program product comprising: one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to receive energy consumption data of a customer, the energy consumption data being generated by an electricity meter associated with the customer; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to detect, based at least in part on demographic data about one or more customers and the received energy consumption data that indicates energy consumption of the customer, a potential change in demographic data about the customer; and program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to output, based at least in part on the detecting, at least one demographic change report associated with the demographic data about the customer, wherein the at least one demographic change report indicates when the potential change in the demographic data about the customer was detected based on the energy consumption data. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, further comprising: program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to receive energy consumption data associated with a known change in the demographic data about the one or more customers; program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to map the energy consumption data associated with the known change to a plurality of usage clusters defined within a multidimensional space; and program instructions, stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable tangible storage devices, to generate, based on the energy consumption data of the customer, a plurality of subseries, wherein a first subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval prior to an event and a second subseries included in the plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data of the customer that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the event; wherein detecting the potential change in the demographic data about the customer comprises determining, based at least in part on the first subseries, the second subseries, and the plurality of usage clusters, that the event corresponds to the potential change. 19. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein determining that the event corresponds to the potential change comprises: generating a set of values for both the first subseries and the second subseries, wherein each of the values represents the likelihood that the respective subseries belongs to the respective usage cluster; and comparing the sets of values for the first subseries and the second subseries. 20. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein mapping the energy consumption data to the plurality of usage clusters comprises: generating, based on the energy consumption data associated with the known change, a second plurality of subseries, wherein at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval prior to the known change and at least one subseries of the second plurality of subseries comprises the energy consumption data associated with the known change that corresponds to a time interval subsequent to the known change; and determining, based on the generated second plurality of subseries, at least one usage cluster in the multidimensional space.	3,600
12,963	12,963	14,281,730	3,692	Methods, systems, and machine-readable media are disclosed for identification of an individual and evaluation of risk from doing business with that individual. In one embodiment a method of evaluating a risk from conducting business with an individual comprises receiving identity information related to the individual. The identity information includes information from an identity credential presented by the individual. The identity credential is validated based on the information from the identity credential and one or more positive databases. An identity of the individual is verified based on the identity information and the one or more positive databases. The identity information is screened against one or more negative databases indicating past losses to one or more entities. Results of the screening are reported based on one or more criteria of an entity considering doing business with the individual.	1. (canceled) 2. A method of evaluating a risk from conducting business with an entity, the method comprising: receiving, at a processor of a custodian system, identity information related to the entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; validating, with the processor of the custodian system, the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and a plurality of positive databases maintained by the custodian system; verifying, with the processor of the custodian system, an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the plurality of positive databases; screening, with the processor of the custodian system, the entity against a plurality of negative databases maintained by the custodian system based on the identity information for entries related to the entity and indicating past transactions with one or more other entities, and wherein screening is further based on one or more screening criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by a party considering doing business with the entity; calculating, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk level based on the validation of the identity credential, the verification of the identity of the entity, and the screening of the entity, wherein the risk level represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to the party considering doing business with the entity; and reporting, from the processor of the custodian system, a response based on the calculated risk level to the party considering doing business with the entity. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the response is further based on reporting criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by the party considering doing business with the individual. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein reporting a response comprises reporting the calculated risk level in a format selected by the party considering doing business with the entity. 5. The method of claim 2 wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the custodian system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 10. The method of claim 2, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue. 11. A method comprising: receiving, at a processor of a custodian system, identity information related to an entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a validity rating for the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and one or more positive databases maintained by the processor of the custodian system; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a verification rating for an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the one or more positive databases; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk rating for the entity based on the identity information, one or more negative databases maintained by the custodian system indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities related to the entity, and risk criteria provided by an entity considering doing business with the entity; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a score based on the validity rating, the verification rating, and the risk rating, wherein the score represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to a party considering doing business with the entity; and reporting, from the processor of the custodian system, a result to the party considering doing business with the entity, the result based on the generated score. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the custodian system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue. 18. A system comprising: a processor; and a memory communicatively connected with and readable by the processor and containing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the system to: receive identity information related to an entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; validate the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and a plurality of positive databases maintained by the system; verify an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the plurality of positive databases; screen the entity against a plurality of negative databases maintained by the custodian system based on the identity information for entries related to the entity and indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities, and wherein screening is further based on one or more screening criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by a party considering doing business with the entity; calculate, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk level based on the validation of the identify credential, the verification of the identity of the entity, and the screening of the entity, wherein the risk level represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to the party considering doing business with the entity; and report results to the party considering doing business with the entity based on the calculated risk level. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the reported results are further based on reporting criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by the party considering doing business with the individual. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the reported results comprise the calculated risk level in a format selected by the party considering doing business with the entity. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 22. The system of claim 21, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses. 23. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 24. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 25. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 26. The system of claim 18, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue.	Methods, systems, and machine-readable media are disclosed for identification of an individual and evaluation of risk from doing business with that individual. In one embodiment a method of evaluating a risk from conducting business with an individual comprises receiving identity information related to the individual. The identity information includes information from an identity credential presented by the individual. The identity credential is validated based on the information from the identity credential and one or more positive databases. An identity of the individual is verified based on the identity information and the one or more positive databases. The identity information is screened against one or more negative databases indicating past losses to one or more entities. Results of the screening are reported based on one or more criteria of an entity considering doing business with the individual.1. (canceled) 2. A method of evaluating a risk from conducting business with an entity, the method comprising: receiving, at a processor of a custodian system, identity information related to the entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; validating, with the processor of the custodian system, the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and a plurality of positive databases maintained by the custodian system; verifying, with the processor of the custodian system, an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the plurality of positive databases; screening, with the processor of the custodian system, the entity against a plurality of negative databases maintained by the custodian system based on the identity information for entries related to the entity and indicating past transactions with one or more other entities, and wherein screening is further based on one or more screening criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by a party considering doing business with the entity; calculating, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk level based on the validation of the identity credential, the verification of the identity of the entity, and the screening of the entity, wherein the risk level represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to the party considering doing business with the entity; and reporting, from the processor of the custodian system, a response based on the calculated risk level to the party considering doing business with the entity. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the response is further based on reporting criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by the party considering doing business with the individual. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein reporting a response comprises reporting the calculated risk level in a format selected by the party considering doing business with the entity. 5. The method of claim 2 wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the custodian system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 10. The method of claim 2, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue. 11. A method comprising: receiving, at a processor of a custodian system, identity information related to an entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a validity rating for the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and one or more positive databases maintained by the processor of the custodian system; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a verification rating for an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the one or more positive databases; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk rating for the entity based on the identity information, one or more negative databases maintained by the custodian system indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities related to the entity, and risk criteria provided by an entity considering doing business with the entity; generating, with the processor of the custodian system, a score based on the validity rating, the verification rating, and the risk rating, wherein the score represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to a party considering doing business with the entity; and reporting, from the processor of the custodian system, a result to the party considering doing business with the entity, the result based on the generated score. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the custodian system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue. 18. A system comprising: a processor; and a memory communicatively connected with and readable by the processor and containing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the system to: receive identity information related to an entity, the identity information including information from an identity credential presented by the entity; validate the identity credential based on the information from the identity credential and a plurality of positive databases maintained by the system; verify an identity of the entity based on the identity information and the plurality of positive databases; screen the entity against a plurality of negative databases maintained by the custodian system based on the identity information for entries related to the entity and indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities, and wherein screening is further based on one or more screening criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by a party considering doing business with the entity; calculate, with the processor of the custodian system, a risk level based on the validation of the identify credential, the verification of the identity of the entity, and the screening of the entity, wherein the risk level represents an amount of risk posed by the entity to the party considering doing business with the entity; and report results to the party considering doing business with the entity based on the calculated risk level. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the reported results are further based on reporting criteria maintained by the custodian system and provided to the custodian system by the party considering doing business with the individual. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the reported results comprise the calculated risk level in a format selected by the party considering doing business with the entity. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein information indicating past financial losses to one or more other entities in the negative databases is submitted to the system by the one or more other entities incurring the past financial losses. 22. The system of claim 21, further comprising crediting a fee to the one or more other entities submitting the information indicating past financial losses. 23. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to fraud by the entity. 24. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to account abuse by the entity. 25. The system of claim 21, wherein the information indicating past financial losses indicates financial losses due to the entity being a victim of identity theft. 26. The system of claim 18, wherein the information indicating past financial losses separately indicates financial losses of fee revenue.	3,600
12,964	12,964	15,686,608	3,622	A commerce system has retailers offering products for sale to consumers. A database is provided including product information corresponding to a plurality of products. A shopping list is provided including a set of the products. The shopping list is evaluated to determine a difference between a budget and a total price of the shopping list. An interface is provided to alter the shopping list or total price of the shopping list based on the difference between the budget and the total price of the shopping list. The commerce system is controlled by displaying the budget and total price with the shopping list to influence purchasing decisions. An individualized offer is presented to reduce the total price of the shopping list. An alternate product is presented to add to the shopping list. A warning is provided to signify that the total price of the shopping list exceeds the budget.	1. A method of controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list using the first computing system by accessing the product information from the database and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products, availability of alternative products, pricing at multiple retailers, available coupons and discounts, and consumer need for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 2. The method of claim 1, further including: generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list; and presenting the individualized offer on the display screen of the second computing system. 3. The method of claim 1, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 4. The method of claim 1, further including providing a warning to indicate that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 5. The method of claim 1, further including displaying an alternate product adjacent to each product of the budgeted shopping list. 6. The method of claim 1, further including filtering the products on the budgeted shopping list based on consumer preferences. 7. A method of controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list using the second computing system by accessing the product information on the database of the first computing system and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 8. The method of claim 7, further including generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list. 9. The method of claim 7, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 10. The method of claim 7, further including providing a warning to signify that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 11. The method of claim 7, further including altering the budget limitation. 12. The method of claim 7, further including defining the budget limitation over a period of time extending beyond the budgeted shopping list. 13. The method of claim 7, further including identifying one or more retailers using the first computing system where the set of the products on the budgeted shopping list can be purchased. 14. A non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium storing instructions for controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, the instructions causing the first computing system and the second computing system to perform the steps comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list by accessing the product information on the database of the first computing system and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 15. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list. 16. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 17. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including providing a warning to indicate that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 18. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including altering the budget limitation. 19. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including defining the budget limitation over a period of time extending beyond the budgeted shopping list. 20. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including identifying one or more retailers using the first computing system where the set of the products on the budgeted shopping list can be purchased.	A commerce system has retailers offering products for sale to consumers. A database is provided including product information corresponding to a plurality of products. A shopping list is provided including a set of the products. The shopping list is evaluated to determine a difference between a budget and a total price of the shopping list. An interface is provided to alter the shopping list or total price of the shopping list based on the difference between the budget and the total price of the shopping list. The commerce system is controlled by displaying the budget and total price with the shopping list to influence purchasing decisions. An individualized offer is presented to reduce the total price of the shopping list. An alternate product is presented to add to the shopping list. A warning is provided to signify that the total price of the shopping list exceeds the budget.1. A method of controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list using the first computing system by accessing the product information from the database and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products, availability of alternative products, pricing at multiple retailers, available coupons and discounts, and consumer need for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 2. The method of claim 1, further including: generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list; and presenting the individualized offer on the display screen of the second computing system. 3. The method of claim 1, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 4. The method of claim 1, further including providing a warning to indicate that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 5. The method of claim 1, further including displaying an alternate product adjacent to each product of the budgeted shopping list. 6. The method of claim 1, further including filtering the products on the budgeted shopping list based on consumer preferences. 7. A method of controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list using the second computing system by accessing the product information on the database of the first computing system and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 8. The method of claim 7, further including generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list. 9. The method of claim 7, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 10. The method of claim 7, further including providing a warning to signify that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 11. The method of claim 7, further including altering the budget limitation. 12. The method of claim 7, further including defining the budget limitation over a period of time extending beyond the budgeted shopping list. 13. The method of claim 7, further including identifying one or more retailers using the first computing system where the set of the products on the budgeted shopping list can be purchased. 14. A non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium storing instructions for controlling consumer transactions over an electronic network including a first computing system and a second computing system, the instructions causing the first computing system and the second computing system to perform the steps comprising: providing a database on the first computing system including product information corresponding to a plurality of products; creating a shopping list by accessing the product information on the database of the first computing system and making selections of the products for the shopping list; setting a budget limitation using the second computing system; comparing the budget limitation to a total cost of the products on the shopping list using the first computing system; generating a budgeted shopping list using the first computing system if the total price of the products on the shopping list exceeds the budget limitation, wherein the budgeted shopping list alters the shopping list to be within the budget limitation based on a substitution or omission rating for the products; and transmitting the budgeted shopping list to the second computing system for presentation on a display screen. 15. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including generating an individualized offer on the first computing system to reduce a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list. 16. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including scanning an additional product using a cell phone while at a premises of a retailer to add the additional product to the budgeted shopping list. 17. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including providing a warning to indicate that a total price of the products on the budgeted shopping list exceeds the budget limitation. 18. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including altering the budget limitation. 19. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including defining the budget limitation over a period of time extending beyond the budgeted shopping list. 20. The non-transitory, tangible computer readable medium of claim 14, further including identifying one or more retailers using the first computing system where the set of the products on the budgeted shopping list can be purchased.	3,600
12,965	12,965	13,648,142	3,691	A payment device having identifying numbers configured in aligned segments in order to facilitate use of the payment device.	1. A payment device comprising: a substrate; a user element on the substrate, wherein the user element is configured to identify a user of the payment device; an account identifier on the substrate, wherein the account identifier on the substrate is divided into two or more segments on the substrate, wherein the two or more segments are in a stacked relationship; and an interface element configured to provide and store the account identifier. 2. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier is a first account identifier and wherein the payment device comprises a second account identifier with the two or more segments in a linear format. 3. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier comprising a bank identification number. 4. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the payment device is a payment card. 5. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the payment device is a credit card. 6. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is a magnetic stripe. 7. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element comprises an antenna and a memory chip. 8. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier consists of four segments. 9. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier comprises exactly four segments, each segment having exactly four numbers. 10. The payment device of claim 1 further comprising one or more divider elements on the substrate, wherein at least one of the one or more divider elements is between adjacent segments. 11. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is on the same side of the payment device as the account identifier. 12. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is on the opposite side of the payment device as the account identifier. 13. An electronic device comprising: a housing; a processor in the housing; a display coupled to the processor; a graphical user interface provided on the display; and an account identifier displayed on the graphical user interface, wherein the account identifier is divided into two or more segments that are in a stacked relationship. 14. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the account identifier includes four segments, each having four digits. 15. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the account identifier is a primary account number. 16. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the two or more segments is four segments, each segment consisting of four characters. 17. The electronic device of claim 13 further comprising divider elements between adjacent segments in the two or more segments. 18. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the electronic device is a computer apparatus. 19. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the electronic device is a phone. 20. The electronic device of claim 19 wherein the phone comprises a contactless element.	A payment device having identifying numbers configured in aligned segments in order to facilitate use of the payment device.1. A payment device comprising: a substrate; a user element on the substrate, wherein the user element is configured to identify a user of the payment device; an account identifier on the substrate, wherein the account identifier on the substrate is divided into two or more segments on the substrate, wherein the two or more segments are in a stacked relationship; and an interface element configured to provide and store the account identifier. 2. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier is a first account identifier and wherein the payment device comprises a second account identifier with the two or more segments in a linear format. 3. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier comprising a bank identification number. 4. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the payment device is a payment card. 5. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the payment device is a credit card. 6. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is a magnetic stripe. 7. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element comprises an antenna and a memory chip. 8. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier consists of four segments. 9. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the account identifier comprises exactly four segments, each segment having exactly four numbers. 10. The payment device of claim 1 further comprising one or more divider elements on the substrate, wherein at least one of the one or more divider elements is between adjacent segments. 11. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is on the same side of the payment device as the account identifier. 12. The payment device of claim 1 wherein the interface element is on the opposite side of the payment device as the account identifier. 13. An electronic device comprising: a housing; a processor in the housing; a display coupled to the processor; a graphical user interface provided on the display; and an account identifier displayed on the graphical user interface, wherein the account identifier is divided into two or more segments that are in a stacked relationship. 14. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the account identifier includes four segments, each having four digits. 15. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the account identifier is a primary account number. 16. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the two or more segments is four segments, each segment consisting of four characters. 17. The electronic device of claim 13 further comprising divider elements between adjacent segments in the two or more segments. 18. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the electronic device is a computer apparatus. 19. The electronic device of claim 13 wherein the electronic device is a phone. 20. The electronic device of claim 19 wherein the phone comprises a contactless element.	3,600
12,966	12,966	14,260,578	3,685	A cardless point-of-sale payment method capable of completing patient transactions when a connection to a wireless network is not available is provided, including verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device, retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device, displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device, providing sale transaction information to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a transmission between the point-of-sale device and the APC wherein the sale transaction information includes the backup authorization token and a sale transaction value, verifying the backup authorization token, verifying the sale transaction value against an approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token, providing an approval to the point-of-sale device via a transmission between the APC and the point-of-sale device, and completing the payment.	1. A cardless point-of-sale payment method, comprising: verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device at the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; attempting to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a wireless network; determining that the attempt to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to the APC is unsuccessful; then retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; receiving sale transaction information at the APC via a transmission between the point-of-sale device and the APC, wherein the sale transaction information includes the backup authorization token and a sale transaction value; verifying the backup authorization token at the APC; verifying the sale transaction value against an approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token at the APC; providing an approval to the point-of-sale device via a transmission from the APC to the point-of-sale device; and completing the payment through the APC. 2. (canceled) 3. The method of claim 1, wherein no account owner personal or financial information is provided to the point-of-sale device or transmitted to the APC. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: establishing an account at the APC; installing the application on a mobile internet device; registering the mobile internet device with the APC, such that the registered mobile internet device is established; providing the backup authorization token from the APC to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; and storing the backup authorization token provided to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: searching a list of participating merchants; selecting a merchant from the list of participating merchants. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: presenting a list of payment tender options; and selecting a payment tender option. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the list of payment tender options includes the approved transaction amount associated with the backup authorization token for at least one payment tender option. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: providing a replacement backup authorization token from the APC to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device when a connection between the registered mobile internet device and the APC is established; and storing the replacement backup authorization token in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token is a single-use backup authorization token. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token may be utilized for multiple sale transactions. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: retrieving coupons from the memory of the registered mobile internet device; and displaying the coupons on the registered mobile internet device. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: retrieving marketing information from the memory of the registered mobile internet device; and displaying the marketing information on the registered mobile internet device. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying the approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device, wherein the approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token is stored in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token is associated with a gift card account at the APC, and verifying the sale transaction value further comprises: verifying that a balance associated with the gift card account at the APC has not changed since the association of the approved transaction value with the backup authorization token. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein verifying the sale transaction value further comprises: determining a value of transactions that have utilized the backup authorization token at the APC; and verifying that a sum of the value of transactions and the sale transaction value is less than or equal to the approved transaction value at the APC. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token provided to the APC expires when a connection between the registered mobile internet device and the APC is established. 17. A method of operating a cardless point-of-sale payment system that includes a computer network and a wireless network, comprising: associating a consumer's account with an account origination merchant; verifying the use of the consumer's account to complete a transaction with a second merchant utilizing the cardless point-of-sale payment system; and providing a payment to the account origination merchant. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising providing a payment to the account origination merchant for each additional verified transaction completed with unique merchants utilizing the consumer's account and the cardless point-of-sale system. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the account origination merchant receives no additional payments as the result of verified transactions completed with unique merchants utilizing the consumer's account and the cardless point-of-sale system. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the account origination merchant and the second merchant is an online retailer. 21. A non-transitory computer readable medium, wherein the non-transitory computer readable medium comprises a software program configured to: verify a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device; retrieve a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device; and display the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device. 22. A registered mobile internet device, comprising a backup authorization token. 23. A cardless point-of-sale payment method, comprising: verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device at the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; attempting to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a wireless network; determining that the attempt to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to the APC is unsuccessful; then retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device configured for entry to a point-of-sale device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device.	A cardless point-of-sale payment method capable of completing patient transactions when a connection to a wireless network is not available is provided, including verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device, retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device, displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device, providing sale transaction information to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a transmission between the point-of-sale device and the APC wherein the sale transaction information includes the backup authorization token and a sale transaction value, verifying the backup authorization token, verifying the sale transaction value against an approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token, providing an approval to the point-of-sale device via a transmission between the APC and the point-of-sale device, and completing the payment.1. A cardless point-of-sale payment method, comprising: verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device at the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; attempting to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a wireless network; determining that the attempt to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to the APC is unsuccessful; then retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; receiving sale transaction information at the APC via a transmission between the point-of-sale device and the APC, wherein the sale transaction information includes the backup authorization token and a sale transaction value; verifying the backup authorization token at the APC; verifying the sale transaction value against an approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token at the APC; providing an approval to the point-of-sale device via a transmission from the APC to the point-of-sale device; and completing the payment through the APC. 2. (canceled) 3. The method of claim 1, wherein no account owner personal or financial information is provided to the point-of-sale device or transmitted to the APC. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: establishing an account at the APC; installing the application on a mobile internet device; registering the mobile internet device with the APC, such that the registered mobile internet device is established; providing the backup authorization token from the APC to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; and storing the backup authorization token provided to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: searching a list of participating merchants; selecting a merchant from the list of participating merchants. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: presenting a list of payment tender options; and selecting a payment tender option. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the list of payment tender options includes the approved transaction amount associated with the backup authorization token for at least one payment tender option. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: providing a replacement backup authorization token from the APC to the application installed on the registered mobile internet device when a connection between the registered mobile internet device and the APC is established; and storing the replacement backup authorization token in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token is a single-use backup authorization token. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token may be utilized for multiple sale transactions. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: retrieving coupons from the memory of the registered mobile internet device; and displaying the coupons on the registered mobile internet device. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: retrieving marketing information from the memory of the registered mobile internet device; and displaying the marketing information on the registered mobile internet device. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: displaying the approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device, wherein the approved transaction value associated with the backup authorization token is stored in the memory of the registered mobile internet device. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token is associated with a gift card account at the APC, and verifying the sale transaction value further comprises: verifying that a balance associated with the gift card account at the APC has not changed since the association of the approved transaction value with the backup authorization token. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein verifying the sale transaction value further comprises: determining a value of transactions that have utilized the backup authorization token at the APC; and verifying that a sum of the value of transactions and the sale transaction value is less than or equal to the approved transaction value at the APC. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup authorization token provided to the APC expires when a connection between the registered mobile internet device and the APC is established. 17. A method of operating a cardless point-of-sale payment system that includes a computer network and a wireless network, comprising: associating a consumer's account with an account origination merchant; verifying the use of the consumer's account to complete a transaction with a second merchant utilizing the cardless point-of-sale payment system; and providing a payment to the account origination merchant. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising providing a payment to the account origination merchant for each additional verified transaction completed with unique merchants utilizing the consumer's account and the cardless point-of-sale system. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the account origination merchant receives no additional payments as the result of verified transactions completed with unique merchants utilizing the consumer's account and the cardless point-of-sale system. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the account origination merchant and the second merchant is an online retailer. 21. A non-transitory computer readable medium, wherein the non-transitory computer readable medium comprises a software program configured to: verify a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device; retrieve a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device; and display the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device for entry to a point-of-sale device. 22. A registered mobile internet device, comprising a backup authorization token. 23. A cardless point-of-sale payment method, comprising: verifying a personal identification number (PIN) provided to an application installed on a registered mobile internet device at the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; attempting to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to a purchase authorization processing company (APC) via a wireless network; determining that the attempt to connect the application installed on the registered mobile internet device to the APC is unsuccessful; then retrieving a backup authorization token from a memory of the registered mobile internet device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device; displaying the backup authorization token on the registered mobile internet device configured for entry to a point-of-sale device through the application installed on the registered mobile internet device.	3,600
12,967	12,967	14,630,259	3,626	A method for calculating a subject's state or condition comprises integrating data that are captured from multiple sources, storing the integrated data in a first database, calculating time intervals in which to collect an optimal amount of data to predict the subject state, developing a predictive model using a recorded diary or electronic data capture information, testing the model against a portion of the captured data, and applying the predictive model to new data from other sources. The predictive model may determine a subject state that may be a digital bio-marker for a disease condition. A system for predicting subject state is also disclosed.	1. A computer-implemented method comprising: integrating data that are captured from multiple sources, wherein said data are associated with multiple variables that are evaluated to predict a state of a subject in a clinical trial; storing the integrated data in a first database; calculating time intervals in which to collect an optimal amount of said data to predict said subject state; partitioning said integrated data by classifying a combination of ranges of values for the variables that optimally predicts the subject state; generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm to classify said state; selecting an optimal data source to determine said subject state; predicting a subject state by using said generated predictive model; and storing the generated predictive model in a second database. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm comprises using a machine-learning algorithm. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm comprises using statistical analysis of the partitioned data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the predictive model calculates a subject state that is a digital bio-marker for a disease condition. 5. A system comprising: a processor; a model training module configured to receive data from a plurality of mobile health sources and to generate, using the processor, a predictive model of the state of a subject of a clinical trial based on said data and a data source that records said subject state; and a scoring module configured to use the predictive model to calculate, using the processor, subject state for data without the data source that records said subject state. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the model training module comprises: a data integrator for integrating data that are captured from the mobile health sources; a data cleaner for cleaning the integrated data and for storing the cleaned data in a database; a model trainer for receiving a portion of the cleaned data and for classifying a combination of ranges of value for variables received from the mobile health sources; a state predictor for developing a predictive model of subject state based on the training portion of the data; and a model tester for testing a second portion of the cleaned data using the predictive model and comparing the predicted subject states against data from the data source that records said subject state. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the scoring module comprises: a data integrator for integrating new data that are input to the scoring module; a data cleaner for cleaning the integrated new data; and a scoring engine for receiving the predictive model and the cleaned data and calculating a subject state. 8. The system of claim 5, wherein the plurality of mobile health sources come from a single mobile health device.	A method for calculating a subject's state or condition comprises integrating data that are captured from multiple sources, storing the integrated data in a first database, calculating time intervals in which to collect an optimal amount of data to predict the subject state, developing a predictive model using a recorded diary or electronic data capture information, testing the model against a portion of the captured data, and applying the predictive model to new data from other sources. The predictive model may determine a subject state that may be a digital bio-marker for a disease condition. A system for predicting subject state is also disclosed.1. A computer-implemented method comprising: integrating data that are captured from multiple sources, wherein said data are associated with multiple variables that are evaluated to predict a state of a subject in a clinical trial; storing the integrated data in a first database; calculating time intervals in which to collect an optimal amount of said data to predict said subject state; partitioning said integrated data by classifying a combination of ranges of values for the variables that optimally predicts the subject state; generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm to classify said state; selecting an optimal data source to determine said subject state; predicting a subject state by using said generated predictive model; and storing the generated predictive model in a second database. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm comprises using a machine-learning algorithm. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating a predictive model based on a classification algorithm comprises using statistical analysis of the partitioned data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the predictive model calculates a subject state that is a digital bio-marker for a disease condition. 5. A system comprising: a processor; a model training module configured to receive data from a plurality of mobile health sources and to generate, using the processor, a predictive model of the state of a subject of a clinical trial based on said data and a data source that records said subject state; and a scoring module configured to use the predictive model to calculate, using the processor, subject state for data without the data source that records said subject state. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the model training module comprises: a data integrator for integrating data that are captured from the mobile health sources; a data cleaner for cleaning the integrated data and for storing the cleaned data in a database; a model trainer for receiving a portion of the cleaned data and for classifying a combination of ranges of value for variables received from the mobile health sources; a state predictor for developing a predictive model of subject state based on the training portion of the data; and a model tester for testing a second portion of the cleaned data using the predictive model and comparing the predicted subject states against data from the data source that records said subject state. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the scoring module comprises: a data integrator for integrating new data that are input to the scoring module; a data cleaner for cleaning the integrated new data; and a scoring engine for receiving the predictive model and the cleaned data and calculating a subject state. 8. The system of claim 5, wherein the plurality of mobile health sources come from a single mobile health device.	3,600
12,968	12,968	11,455,458	3,685	Systems and methods for using digital rights management (DRM) information to protect digital content. The DRM information does not refer to or use any characteristic(s) of the device on which it resides. Nor does the DRM information require a connection to a license server from the user device on which the content is used. Using the DRM allows the owner to make sure that her digital content is always protected despite the type or location of the device that contains the digital content, including whether the device containing the digital content can connect to a license server. The DRM can be therefore used to easily manage the use of the digital content, including access, transfer, distribution, and copying of the digital content.	1. A method for protecting digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; and associating the security information with the digital content. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital content comprises music, video, ringtones, realtones, multimedia presentations, audio books, digital books, video games, mobile games, software, language learning programs, or combinations thereof. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the security information is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the association comprises a numeric association. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising transferring the protected digital content from a first device to a second device. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first device is a kiosk, a Web page, or a standalone computer terminal. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the second device is a portable storage device, a solid-state storage device, a magnetic storage device, a portable music player, a portable text viewing device, a personal digital assistant, or a mobile telephone. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein the security information is uniquely associated with the digital content, the user code, and the transactional code. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the digital content is encrypted on the first device. 10. The method of claim 5, wherein the digital content is encrypted on the second device. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital content and the security information comprise a single file. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the security information comprises an activated license permitting access to the digital content. 13. Security information for digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside. 14. The security information of claim 13, wherein it is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 15. The security information of claim 13, wherein it is associated with digital content by means of a method comprising a hashing function, encryption, or database lookup. 16. Protected digital content, comprising security information that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside. 17. The content of claim 16, wherein the security information is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 18. The content of claim 16, wherein the security information is associated with the digital content by a numeric association. 19. A device for protecting digital content, comprising: means for providing digital content; means for providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; and means for associating the security information with the digital content. 20. A device for transferring digital content to a user, comprising: means for providing digital content; means for providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; means for associating the security information with the digital content; and means for transferring the protected digital content to a user device. 21. A system for providing secure access to digital content, comprising: a first device capable of acquiring the digital content; a second device capable of receiving the digital content; a user code; a transaction identification code; and means for creating security information derived substantially from the user code, the digital content, and the transaction identification code, without reference to any uniquely identifying characteristics of the first device or of the second device, wherein the security information comprises an activated license permitting access to the digital content. 22. A method for transferring digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; associating the security information with the digital content; and transferring the protected digital content to a user device. 23. A method for protecting digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information comprising information that is specific to a single user; and associating the security information with the digital content. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the security information comprises a transactional code or a user code. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the security information is uniquely associated with the digital content, the user code, and the transactional code.	Systems and methods for using digital rights management (DRM) information to protect digital content. The DRM information does not refer to or use any characteristic(s) of the device on which it resides. Nor does the DRM information require a connection to a license server from the user device on which the content is used. Using the DRM allows the owner to make sure that her digital content is always protected despite the type or location of the device that contains the digital content, including whether the device containing the digital content can connect to a license server. The DRM can be therefore used to easily manage the use of the digital content, including access, transfer, distribution, and copying of the digital content.1. A method for protecting digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; and associating the security information with the digital content. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital content comprises music, video, ringtones, realtones, multimedia presentations, audio books, digital books, video games, mobile games, software, language learning programs, or combinations thereof. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the security information is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the association comprises a numeric association. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising transferring the protected digital content from a first device to a second device. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first device is a kiosk, a Web page, or a standalone computer terminal. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the second device is a portable storage device, a solid-state storage device, a magnetic storage device, a portable music player, a portable text viewing device, a personal digital assistant, or a mobile telephone. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein the security information is uniquely associated with the digital content, the user code, and the transactional code. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the digital content is encrypted on the first device. 10. The method of claim 5, wherein the digital content is encrypted on the second device. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital content and the security information comprise a single file. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the security information comprises an activated license permitting access to the digital content. 13. Security information for digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside. 14. The security information of claim 13, wherein it is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 15. The security information of claim 13, wherein it is associated with digital content by means of a method comprising a hashing function, encryption, or database lookup. 16. Protected digital content, comprising security information that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside. 17. The content of claim 16, wherein the security information is derived substantially from a transactional code or a user code. 18. The content of claim 16, wherein the security information is associated with the digital content by a numeric association. 19. A device for protecting digital content, comprising: means for providing digital content; means for providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; and means for associating the security information with the digital content. 20. A device for transferring digital content to a user, comprising: means for providing digital content; means for providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; means for associating the security information with the digital content; and means for transferring the protected digital content to a user device. 21. A system for providing secure access to digital content, comprising: a first device capable of acquiring the digital content; a second device capable of receiving the digital content; a user code; a transaction identification code; and means for creating security information derived substantially from the user code, the digital content, and the transaction identification code, without reference to any uniquely identifying characteristics of the first device or of the second device, wherein the security information comprises an activated license permitting access to the digital content. 22. A method for transferring digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information for the digital content that does not refer to the characteristics of any device on which the digital content may reside; associating the security information with the digital content; and transferring the protected digital content to a user device. 23. A method for protecting digital content, comprising: providing digital content; providing security information comprising information that is specific to a single user; and associating the security information with the digital content. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the security information comprises a transactional code or a user code. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the security information is uniquely associated with the digital content, the user code, and the transactional code.	3,600
12,969	12,969	14,222,129	3,693	A system for disbursing funds for entertainment includes a portable module that is configured to process customer information. The module is configured to allow the customer to undertake a plurality of transactions, including a quasi-cash transaction. The module includes at least one input device coupled to or formed in the module. The at least one input device is further configured to obtain an electronic endorsement from the customer and to place the electronic endorsement in an electronic image. The module further includes an output device coupled to or formed in the portable module. The output device is configured to create a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction.	1. A system for disbursing funds, the system comprising: a portable module configured to process customer information, thereby allowing a customer to select at least one of a plurality of transactions, one of the transactions being a quasi-cash transaction; at least one input device coupled to or formed in the portable module, the at least one input device being configured to capture an electronic endorsement from the customer and to generate an image therefrom; an output device coupled to or formed in the portable module, the output device being configured to create a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction, wherein a transaction culminates in disbursement of funds. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable module generates a request for the transaction, the request comprising customer information that is verified prior to disbursement of funds. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable module is further configured to e-mail a record memorializing the transaction. 4. A method for disbursing funds, the method comprising: processing customer information in a portable module; allowing a customer to select at least one of a plurality of transactions, including a quasi-cash transaction; obtaining an electronic endorsement from the customer and generating an electronic image therefrom, and creating a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: generating a request for the quasi-cash transaction, and verifying information therein prior to disbursement of funds. 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising transmitting quasi-cash information over a wireless network. 7. A method for making funds available for entertainment, the method comprising: reading customer information from a card at a terminal within an entertainment area; allowing the customer to select a quasi-cash transaction at the terminal and generating an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction when the customer selects the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the hand held mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, may be printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, whether printed from a gaming device or a cage, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising printing out a receipt by the handheld mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 10. A system for making funds available for entertainment, the system comprising: a terminal included in an entertainment area which is configured to read customer information from a card, the terminal including an interface unit configured to allow a customer to select a quasi-cash transaction and to generate an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; and, once the identity of the customer is verified, a display included in the handheld mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the handheld mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image, or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the handheld mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials from the customer. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, out a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein a hard copy of the electronic image represents a negotiable instrument, which at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement. 15. A method for making funds available for entertainment, the method comprising: reading customer information on a handheld mobile device; allowing the customer to select a quasi-cash transaction from the handheld mobile device and generating an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction when the customer selects the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the handheld mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising printing out a receipt by the hand held mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 18. A system for making funds available for gaming, the system comprising: a handheld mobile device which is configured to read customer information from a card, the handheld mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow a customer to select a quasi-cash transaction and to generate an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction, wherein the handheld mobile device is further configured to: retrieve the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a hand held mobile device; and when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included in the hand held mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, and display an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the hand held mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, or any equivalent thereof, wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials from the customer. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein a hard copy of the electronic image represents a negotiable instrument, which at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof. 22. The system of claim 18, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement. 23. A method for making funds available for gaming, the method comprising: providing a handheld mobile device configured to read customer information from a card, the hand held mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow an electronic check transaction comprising an Automated Clearing House transaction; reading customer information from a card on a hand held mobile device; verifying an identity of the customer on a hand held mobile device; and when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included in the hand held mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, wherein the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the hand held mobile device is configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising printing out a receipt by the hand held mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 26. A system for making funds available for gaming, the system comprising: a hand held mobile device configured to read customer information from a card, the hand held mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow an electronic check transaction comprising an Automated Clearing House transaction, wherein customer information from a card is read by the hand held mobile device, wherein an identity of the customer is verified by the hand held mobile device, wherein, when the identity of the customer is verified, a display included in the handheld mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, wherein the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to allow the customer to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, wherein the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the hand held mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials and an electronic signature from the customer. 28. The system of claim 26, wherein the hand held mobile device is configured (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 29. The system as set forth in claim 26, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement.	A system for disbursing funds for entertainment includes a portable module that is configured to process customer information. The module is configured to allow the customer to undertake a plurality of transactions, including a quasi-cash transaction. The module includes at least one input device coupled to or formed in the module. The at least one input device is further configured to obtain an electronic endorsement from the customer and to place the electronic endorsement in an electronic image. The module further includes an output device coupled to or formed in the portable module. The output device is configured to create a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction.1. A system for disbursing funds, the system comprising: a portable module configured to process customer information, thereby allowing a customer to select at least one of a plurality of transactions, one of the transactions being a quasi-cash transaction; at least one input device coupled to or formed in the portable module, the at least one input device being configured to capture an electronic endorsement from the customer and to generate an image therefrom; an output device coupled to or formed in the portable module, the output device being configured to create a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction, wherein a transaction culminates in disbursement of funds. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable module generates a request for the transaction, the request comprising customer information that is verified prior to disbursement of funds. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the portable module is further configured to e-mail a record memorializing the transaction. 4. A method for disbursing funds, the method comprising: processing customer information in a portable module; allowing a customer to select at least one of a plurality of transactions, including a quasi-cash transaction; obtaining an electronic endorsement from the customer and generating an electronic image therefrom, and creating a negotiable instrument for the quasi-cash transaction. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: generating a request for the quasi-cash transaction, and verifying information therein prior to disbursement of funds. 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising transmitting quasi-cash information over a wireless network. 7. A method for making funds available for entertainment, the method comprising: reading customer information from a card at a terminal within an entertainment area; allowing the customer to select a quasi-cash transaction at the terminal and generating an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction when the customer selects the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the hand held mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, may be printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, whether printed from a gaming device or a cage, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising printing out a receipt by the handheld mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 10. A system for making funds available for entertainment, the system comprising: a terminal included in an entertainment area which is configured to read customer information from a card, the terminal including an interface unit configured to allow a customer to select a quasi-cash transaction and to generate an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; and, once the identity of the customer is verified, a display included in the handheld mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the handheld mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image, or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the handheld mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials from the customer. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, out a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein a hard copy of the electronic image represents a negotiable instrument, which at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement. 15. A method for making funds available for entertainment, the method comprising: reading customer information on a handheld mobile device; allowing the customer to select a quasi-cash transaction from the handheld mobile device and generating an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction when the customer selects the quasi-cash transaction; retrieving the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a handheld mobile device; displaying an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the handheld mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof; wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising printing out a receipt by the hand held mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 18. A system for making funds available for gaming, the system comprising: a handheld mobile device which is configured to read customer information from a card, the handheld mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow a customer to select a quasi-cash transaction and to generate an order authorizing the quasi-cash transaction, wherein the handheld mobile device is further configured to: retrieve the order and information verifying an identity of the customer on a hand held mobile device; and when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included in the hand held mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, and display an option to the customer, when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included on the hand held mobile device that allows the customer to select, at the customer's option, after the identity of the customer is verified, (1) an electronic endorsement from the customer and placement of the electronic endorsement in an electronic image or (2) a printout of a hard copy of the electronic image, which represents a negotiable instrument and which, at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a ticket in, ticket out (“TITO”) slip, or any equivalent thereof, wherein the display includes a customer input device and the customer input device asks the customer to select (1) or (2) and receives the customer's selection of (1) or (2) as input, wherein if the customer chooses the hard copy, the hand held mobile device is configured to print or issue an instruction to a printer to print the hard copy, and wherein if the customer chooses the electronic endorsement, the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the handheld mobile device is configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials from the customer. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the handheld mobile device is configured to (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein a hard copy of the electronic image represents a negotiable instrument, which at the customer's election, maybe printed for presentment for cash, casino chips, a TITO slip, or any equivalent thereof. 22. The system of claim 18, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement. 23. A method for making funds available for gaming, the method comprising: providing a handheld mobile device configured to read customer information from a card, the hand held mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow an electronic check transaction comprising an Automated Clearing House transaction; reading customer information from a card on a hand held mobile device; verifying an identity of the customer on a hand held mobile device; and when the identity of the customer is verified, on a display included in the hand held mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, wherein the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement the hand held mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, and the hand held mobile device is configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising printing out a receipt by the hand held mobile device or, at the customer's option, emailing an image of the receipt to the customer. 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the electronic endorsement is not separated from other portions of the electronic image. 26. A system for making funds available for gaming, the system comprising: a hand held mobile device configured to read customer information from a card, the hand held mobile device including an interface unit configured to allow an electronic check transaction comprising an Automated Clearing House transaction, wherein customer information from a card is read by the hand held mobile device, wherein an identity of the customer is verified by the hand held mobile device, wherein, when the identity of the customer is verified, a display included in the handheld mobile device allows the customer to input an electronic endorsement, wherein the display is configured to ask the customer if the transaction is acceptable and to allow the customer to initial the display with a stylus such that after the customer makes the electronic endorsement, the handheld mobile device is configured to insert the endorsement on the display into the electronic image, wherein the handheld mobile device is further configured to transfer the electronic image to an image repository. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the hand held mobile device is configured to obtain electronic initials and an electronic signature from the customer. 28. The system of claim 26, wherein the hand held mobile device is configured (1) to print, or issue an instruction to a printer to print, a receipt, or, (2) at the customer's option, to email an image of the receipt to the customer. 29. The system as set forth in claim 26, wherein the electronic image comprises customer information and the electronic endorsement.	3,600
12,970	12,970	14,273,195	3,623	Correctly staffing retail settings is a challenge. While calendar based staffing decisions, such as increasing staffing for a holiday sale, may provide high-level staffing recommendations. The activities of customers may be monitored to provide a more granular staffing allocation. Customers who, for example, spend a certain duration of time within one portion of the retail setting may be determined to indicate a need for assistance and a staff member of the retail setting allocated to assist the customer or customers within an area with a spike in customer activity. Similarly, customers who indicate a desire to purchase an item requiring certain staff skills (e.g., verify customer identity, complete legal documents, lift heavy items, etc.) may be detected and an appropriate staff member allocated. As a result, the customer may receive assistance from staff members having the required skills to complete their purchase.	1. A method, comprising: monitoring, by machine-based detection equipment, a retail setting and one or more customers therein; comparing, by a microprocessor, an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within a first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the activity further comprises, one or more customers moving to a second portion of the retail setting. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the activity further comprises, selecting an item for purchase from the first portion of the retail setting. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of monitoring further comprises, monitoring the radio frequency identification signal of an item for sale in the retail setting. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of monitoring further comprises, monitoring the radio frequency identification signal of a collection of items for sale including the item. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: accessing a staffing database having a number of staff records each staff record comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the comparison step further comprises comparing the availability and number of staff attributes of staff to the staffing allocation adjustment. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: accessing a staff attribute associated with an item; and the comparison step, further determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute associated with the item and notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the step of monitoring, further comprises, monitoring at least one customer attribute of at least one of the one or more customers; and the comparison step, further determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute beneficial to assist the one or more customers and notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein monitoring at least one customer attribute, further comprises, determining the identity of one or more customers and wherein the staff attribute is a prior interaction attribute associated with one or more staff members and the one or more customers. 10. A system, comprising: a first sensor; a microprocessor; and a staffing allocation manager; and wherein the first sensor is operable to monitor a first portion of a retail setting and one or more customers therein; wherein the microprocessor is operable to compare an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within the first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and wherein the processor, based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying the resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 11. The system of claim 10, further comprising: a second sensor; and wherein the activity further comprises, the second sensor detecting the one or more customers have moved to a second portion of the retail setting. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the first sensor is a radio frequency identification receiver operable to receive a radio frequency identification signal of an item for sale. 13. The system of claim 10, further comprising: a staffing database, comprising a number of staff records comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the processor is operable to perform the comparison, further comprising, comparing the availability and the number of staff attributes to the staffing allocation adjustment. 14. A non-transitory computer readable medium with instructions thereon, that when read by a computer, cause the computer to perform: monitoring, by machine-based detection equipment, a retail setting and one or more customers therein; comparing, by a microprocessor, an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within a first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 15. The medium of claim 14, wherein the activity further comprises, one or more customers moving to a second portion of the retail setting. 16. The medium of claim 14, wherein the activity further comprises, instructions for selecting an item for purchase from the first portion of the retail setting. 17. The medium of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: access a staffing database having a number of staff records each staff record comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the instructions for the comparison step further comprises instructions for comparing the availability and number of staff attributes of staff to the staffing allocation adjustment. 18. The medium of claim 17, further comprising: instructions for accessing a staff attribute associated with an item; and the instructions for comparison, further comprise instructions for determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute associated with the item, and instructions for notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein: the instructions for monitoring, further comprise instructions for monitoring at least one customer attribute of at least one of the one or more customers; and the instructions for the comparison step, further comprise instructions for determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute beneficial to assist the one or more customers, and instructions for notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 20. The medium of claim 20, wherein the instructions for monitoring at least one customer attribute, further comprise, instructions for determining the identity of one or more customers and wherein the staff attribute is a prior interaction attribute associated with one or more staff members and the one or more customers.	Correctly staffing retail settings is a challenge. While calendar based staffing decisions, such as increasing staffing for a holiday sale, may provide high-level staffing recommendations. The activities of customers may be monitored to provide a more granular staffing allocation. Customers who, for example, spend a certain duration of time within one portion of the retail setting may be determined to indicate a need for assistance and a staff member of the retail setting allocated to assist the customer or customers within an area with a spike in customer activity. Similarly, customers who indicate a desire to purchase an item requiring certain staff skills (e.g., verify customer identity, complete legal documents, lift heavy items, etc.) may be detected and an appropriate staff member allocated. As a result, the customer may receive assistance from staff members having the required skills to complete their purchase.1. A method, comprising: monitoring, by machine-based detection equipment, a retail setting and one or more customers therein; comparing, by a microprocessor, an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within a first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the activity further comprises, one or more customers moving to a second portion of the retail setting. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the activity further comprises, selecting an item for purchase from the first portion of the retail setting. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of monitoring further comprises, monitoring the radio frequency identification signal of an item for sale in the retail setting. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of monitoring further comprises, monitoring the radio frequency identification signal of a collection of items for sale including the item. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: accessing a staffing database having a number of staff records each staff record comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the comparison step further comprises comparing the availability and number of staff attributes of staff to the staffing allocation adjustment. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: accessing a staff attribute associated with an item; and the comparison step, further determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute associated with the item and notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the step of monitoring, further comprises, monitoring at least one customer attribute of at least one of the one or more customers; and the comparison step, further determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute beneficial to assist the one or more customers and notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein monitoring at least one customer attribute, further comprises, determining the identity of one or more customers and wherein the staff attribute is a prior interaction attribute associated with one or more staff members and the one or more customers. 10. A system, comprising: a first sensor; a microprocessor; and a staffing allocation manager; and wherein the first sensor is operable to monitor a first portion of a retail setting and one or more customers therein; wherein the microprocessor is operable to compare an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within the first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and wherein the processor, based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying the resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 11. The system of claim 10, further comprising: a second sensor; and wherein the activity further comprises, the second sensor detecting the one or more customers have moved to a second portion of the retail setting. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the first sensor is a radio frequency identification receiver operable to receive a radio frequency identification signal of an item for sale. 13. The system of claim 10, further comprising: a staffing database, comprising a number of staff records comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the processor is operable to perform the comparison, further comprising, comparing the availability and the number of staff attributes to the staffing allocation adjustment. 14. A non-transitory computer readable medium with instructions thereon, that when read by a computer, cause the computer to perform: monitoring, by machine-based detection equipment, a retail setting and one or more customers therein; comparing, by a microprocessor, an activity comprising at least a duration of time spent by the one or more customers within a first portion of the retail setting to a current staff allocation; and based on the comparison step, determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in a more ideal state, notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 15. The medium of claim 14, wherein the activity further comprises, one or more customers moving to a second portion of the retail setting. 16. The medium of claim 14, wherein the activity further comprises, instructions for selecting an item for purchase from the first portion of the retail setting. 17. The medium of claim 14, further comprising instructions to: access a staffing database having a number of staff records each staff record comprising at least an entry for availability and a number of staff attributes; and the instructions for the comparison step further comprises instructions for comparing the availability and number of staff attributes of staff to the staffing allocation adjustment. 18. The medium of claim 17, further comprising: instructions for accessing a staff attribute associated with an item; and the instructions for comparison, further comprise instructions for determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute associated with the item, and instructions for notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein: the instructions for monitoring, further comprise instructions for monitoring at least one customer attribute of at least one of the one or more customers; and the instructions for the comparison step, further comprise instructions for determining that adjusting the current staff allocation would place the retail setting in the more ideal state, comprising at least providing the staff attribute beneficial to assist the one or more customers, and instructions for notifying a resource allocation manager to apply a staffing allocation adjustment. 20. The medium of claim 20, wherein the instructions for monitoring at least one customer attribute, further comprise, instructions for determining the identity of one or more customers and wherein the staff attribute is a prior interaction attribute associated with one or more staff members and the one or more customers.	3,600
12,971	12,971	13,399,583	3,694	A trading system transitions from a first state to a second state and may award a participant, when one or more criteria and/or a status of trading rights are met, with an exclusive and/or semi-exclusive right in the second state to trade on an incoming contra order.	1. A method comprising: transitioning, by at least one processor, a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding, by the at least one processor, a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state and when the second participant satisfies one or more predetermined criteria in the first state; and providing, by the at least one processor, the second participant with an option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order. 2. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made a trade in the first state. 3. The method of claim 1, in which the one or more predetermined criteria includes the trade satisfying a minimum size requirement. 4. The method of claim 1, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with a semi-exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order, and in which providing the second participant with the option to obtain exclusive trading priority comprises providing the second participant with the option to obtain an exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order. 5. The method of claim 1, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority in the second state comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority for at least one of: a predetermined time period, and a time up to the second participant accepting the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising awarding the first participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state if the second participant does not accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 7. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant has a predetermined time period to accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 8. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering an order. 9. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering, in the second state, an order that satisfies one or more predetermined criteria. 10. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering, in the second state, an order that satisfies a minimum size requirement. 11. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state without entering an order. 12-13. (canceled) 14. A method comprising: transitioning, by at least one processor, a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding, by the at least one processor, a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state; and awarding, by the at least one processor, the second participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order if the second participant subsequently enters, in the second state, an order that satisfies one or more predetermined criteria. 15. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made a trade in the first state. 16. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made, in the first state, a trade that also satisfies a minimum size requirement. 17. The method of claim 14, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with a semi-exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order, and in which awarding the second participant with exclusive trading priority comprises awarding the second participant with an exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order if the second participant subsequently enters the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 18. The method of claim 14, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority in the second state comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority for at least one of: a predetermined time period, and a time up to the second participant entering, in the second state, the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 19. The method of claim 14, further comprising awarding the first participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state if the second participant does not subsequently enter the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 20. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant has a predetermined time period to subsequently enter the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 21-22. (canceled) 23. A computer readable medium comprising a program that when executed performs the method of claim 14. 24. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the at least one processor, direct the at least one processor to perform a method comprising: transitioning a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state and when the second participant satisfies one or more predetermined criteria in the first state; and providing the second participant with an option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order.	A trading system transitions from a first state to a second state and may award a participant, when one or more criteria and/or a status of trading rights are met, with an exclusive and/or semi-exclusive right in the second state to trade on an incoming contra order.1. A method comprising: transitioning, by at least one processor, a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding, by the at least one processor, a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state and when the second participant satisfies one or more predetermined criteria in the first state; and providing, by the at least one processor, the second participant with an option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order. 2. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made a trade in the first state. 3. The method of claim 1, in which the one or more predetermined criteria includes the trade satisfying a minimum size requirement. 4. The method of claim 1, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with a semi-exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order, and in which providing the second participant with the option to obtain exclusive trading priority comprises providing the second participant with the option to obtain an exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order. 5. The method of claim 1, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority in the second state comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority for at least one of: a predetermined time period, and a time up to the second participant accepting the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising awarding the first participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state if the second participant does not accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 7. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant has a predetermined time period to accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state. 8. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering an order. 9. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering, in the second state, an order that satisfies one or more predetermined criteria. 10. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state by subsequently entering, in the second state, an order that satisfies a minimum size requirement. 11. The method of claim 1, in which the second participant may accept the option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state without entering an order. 12-13. (canceled) 14. A method comprising: transitioning, by at least one processor, a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding, by the at least one processor, a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state; and awarding, by the at least one processor, the second participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order if the second participant subsequently enters, in the second state, an order that satisfies one or more predetermined criteria. 15. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made a trade in the first state. 16. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant satisfies the status of trading rights in the first state when the second participant has no existing best order and made, in the first state, a trade that also satisfies a minimum size requirement. 17. The method of claim 14, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with a semi-exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order, and in which awarding the second participant with exclusive trading priority comprises awarding the second participant with an exclusive right to trade on the incoming contra order if the second participant subsequently enters the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 18. The method of claim 14, in which awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority in the second state comprises awarding the first participant and the second participant with trading priority for at least one of: a predetermined time period, and a time up to the second participant entering, in the second state, the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 19. The method of claim 14, further comprising awarding the first participant with exclusive trading priority in the second state if the second participant does not subsequently enter the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 20. The method of claim 14, in which the second participant has a predetermined time period to subsequently enter the order that satisfies the one or more predetermined criteria. 21-22. (canceled) 23. A computer readable medium comprising a program that when executed performs the method of claim 14. 24. An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the at least one processor, direct the at least one processor to perform a method comprising: transitioning a trading system from a first state to a second state; awarding a first participant and a second participant with trading priority in the second state with respect to an incoming contra order when the second participant satisfies a status of trading rights in the first state and when the second participant satisfies one or more predetermined criteria in the first state; and providing the second participant with an option to obtain exclusive trading priority in the second state with respect to the incoming contra order.	3,600
12,972	12,972	13,539,410	3,621	A social networking system displays a story about an object to a user accessing a page associated with the object and determines whether the user is authorized to promote the object. If the user is authorized to promote the object, a promote option is displayed next to a story about the object included in the page, which may comprise a newsfeed of stories on the page. After accessing the promote option for a particular story, the user is prompted to provide data specifying how the story associated with the accessed promote option is to be distributed to other users. For example, a promotion interface is displayed to the user for providing data such as targeting criteria, bid amounts, and budget. The result generates a request for a sponsored story, which may then be displayed to other users of the social networking system in accordance with the request.	1. A method comprising: presenting a page from a social networking system to a user, the page including a story associated with at least one of an action and an object in the social networking system; displaying a promote option associated with the story; responsive to receiving an input accessing the promote option, prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with at least one of the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option, a parameter comprising a bid amount; receiving the parameters from the user for defining the sponsored story request; and storing the sponsored story request in a database, the sponsored story request defining a condition for providing a sponsored story to a viewing user who has a connection in the social networking system to another user who has interacted with at least one of the action and the object, the sponsored story describing the other user's interaction with at least one of the action and the object. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters include a budget for presenting the sponsored story associated at least one or the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying the promote option associated with the story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating whether the user is authorized to promote the action or the object; and responsive to determining the user is authorized to promote the action or the object, displaying the promote option. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: sending the sponsored story for display to the viewing user. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with at least one of the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option comprises: presenting one or more fields to the user, each field associated with a type of data for determining presentation of the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more fields presented to the user are displayed along with the page. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein fields are associated with one or more of: a budget for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system, a location associated with users to be presented the sponsored story, a duration for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system and one or more characteristics of other users of the social networking system to be presented the sponsored story. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting the page from a social networking system to a user comprises: presenting a page including a news feed having a plurality of stories, the story associated with at least one of the action and the object included in the news feed. 9. A method comprising: presenting a page from a social networking system associated with an object in the social networking system to a user, the page including stories associated with the object, each story associated with an action; associating a promote option with each of the stories; displaying the page so a promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story; responsive to receiving an input accessing a promote option associated with a story, prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with an action in the story associated with the accessed promote option, a parameter including a bid amount; receiving the parameters from the user for defining the sponsored story request; and storing the sponsored story request in a database, the sponsored story request defining a condition for providing a sponsored story to a viewing user who has a connection in the social networking system to another user who has interacted with at least one of the action and the object, the sponsored story describing the other user's interaction with at least one of the action and the object. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more parameters include a budget for presenting the sponsored story to users of the social networking system. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating whether the user is authorized to promote the object; and responsive to determining the user is authorized to promote the object, displaying the promote option proximate to its associated story. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating identifying stories generated by the user; and displaying the promote option proximate to stories generated by the user. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising: sending the sponsored story for display to the viewing user. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining the sponsored story request associated with an action in the story associated with the accessed promote option, comprises: presenting one or more fields to the user, each field associated with a type of data for determining presentation of the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more fields presented to the user are displayed along with the page. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein fields are associated with one or more of: a budget for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system, a location associated with users to be presented the sponsored story, a duration for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system and one or more characteristics of other users of the social networking system to be presented the sponsored story. 17. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: displaying textual data proximate to the story associated with the promote option.	A social networking system displays a story about an object to a user accessing a page associated with the object and determines whether the user is authorized to promote the object. If the user is authorized to promote the object, a promote option is displayed next to a story about the object included in the page, which may comprise a newsfeed of stories on the page. After accessing the promote option for a particular story, the user is prompted to provide data specifying how the story associated with the accessed promote option is to be distributed to other users. For example, a promotion interface is displayed to the user for providing data such as targeting criteria, bid amounts, and budget. The result generates a request for a sponsored story, which may then be displayed to other users of the social networking system in accordance with the request.1. A method comprising: presenting a page from a social networking system to a user, the page including a story associated with at least one of an action and an object in the social networking system; displaying a promote option associated with the story; responsive to receiving an input accessing the promote option, prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with at least one of the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option, a parameter comprising a bid amount; receiving the parameters from the user for defining the sponsored story request; and storing the sponsored story request in a database, the sponsored story request defining a condition for providing a sponsored story to a viewing user who has a connection in the social networking system to another user who has interacted with at least one of the action and the object, the sponsored story describing the other user's interaction with at least one of the action and the object. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters include a budget for presenting the sponsored story associated at least one or the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying the promote option associated with the story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating whether the user is authorized to promote the action or the object; and responsive to determining the user is authorized to promote the action or the object, displaying the promote option. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: sending the sponsored story for display to the viewing user. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with at least one of the action and the object in the story associated with the accessed promote option comprises: presenting one or more fields to the user, each field associated with a type of data for determining presentation of the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more fields presented to the user are displayed along with the page. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein fields are associated with one or more of: a budget for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system, a location associated with users to be presented the sponsored story, a duration for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system and one or more characteristics of other users of the social networking system to be presented the sponsored story. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein presenting the page from a social networking system to a user comprises: presenting a page including a news feed having a plurality of stories, the story associated with at least one of the action and the object included in the news feed. 9. A method comprising: presenting a page from a social networking system associated with an object in the social networking system to a user, the page including stories associated with the object, each story associated with an action; associating a promote option with each of the stories; displaying the page so a promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story; responsive to receiving an input accessing a promote option associated with a story, prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining a sponsored story request associated with an action in the story associated with the accessed promote option, a parameter including a bid amount; receiving the parameters from the user for defining the sponsored story request; and storing the sponsored story request in a database, the sponsored story request defining a condition for providing a sponsored story to a viewing user who has a connection in the social networking system to another user who has interacted with at least one of the action and the object, the sponsored story describing the other user's interaction with at least one of the action and the object. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more parameters include a budget for presenting the sponsored story to users of the social networking system. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating whether the user is authorized to promote the object; and responsive to determining the user is authorized to promote the object, displaying the promote option proximate to its associated story. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: accessing a user profile associated with the user by the social networking system, the user profile including information indicating identifying stories generated by the user; and displaying the promote option proximate to stories generated by the user. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising: sending the sponsored story for display to the viewing user. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein prompting the user to provide one or more parameters for defining the sponsored story request associated with an action in the story associated with the accessed promote option, comprises: presenting one or more fields to the user, each field associated with a type of data for determining presentation of the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more fields presented to the user are displayed along with the page. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein fields are associated with one or more of: a budget for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system, a location associated with users to be presented the sponsored story, a duration for presenting the sponsored story to other users of the social networking system and one or more characteristics of other users of the social networking system to be presented the sponsored story. 17. The method of claim 9, wherein displaying the page so the promote option is displayed proximate to its associated story comprises: displaying textual data proximate to the story associated with the promote option.	3,600
12,973	12,973	11,517,591	3,626	A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches at least some of the variables of the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan.	1. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches at least some of the variables of the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least two of: a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are most likely to benefit therefrom; a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are likely to receive no benefit or be at risk of harm therefrom; a diagnostic efficiency of a diagnostic test; a price of the therapy; a competitive market share advantage of the therapy; a rate of patient adherence with the therapy; a speed at which the therapy achieves a maximum market share; and an effect of the diagnostic test on a launch date of the therapy. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining an erosion of one or more sales of the therapy after a Patent therefor has expired. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining an erosion of one or more sales of the diagnostic test after a Patent therefor has expired. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from a user. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises an additional step of issuing an alarm in the event that a value of a one or more of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan exceeds a maximum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises an additional step of issuing an alarm in the event that a value of a one or more of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan is less than a minimum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating an average value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating a maximum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating a minimum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios and at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from a user. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of calculating one or more sales of a combined therapy and theranostic. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of calculating the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic comprises the steps of: calculating a number of patients placed on the therapy; and calculating a potential market size for the therapy from an indication of the number of patients placed on the therapy and an allocated value for a patient. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises the additional steps of: calculating an uptake of the theranostic; and correcting the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic in accordance with the uptake of the theranostic. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of calculating the uptake of the theranostic comprises the steps of: calculating an opportunity to test index from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; and calculating a theranostic uptake increase slope from the opportunity to test index. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of calculating one or more sales of the combined therapy and a theranostic for a user-selected period of time encompassing at least some of a sales cycle of the therapy. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the additional steps of: obtaining a plurality of financial variables from a user; and generating a profit and loss sheet from the financial variables and the predicted revenue. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating a return on investment from the profit and loss sheet. 20. The method of claim 19, comprising a step of presenting the return on investment in a form selected from the set comprising graphical form, tabular form and one or more scenarios calculated over a pre-defined time period. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating a net present value from the profit and loss sheet. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating an internal rate of return from the profit and loss sheet. 23. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; obtaining a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; adjusting at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan to achieve the desired revenue and to generate a plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the desired revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 24. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; obtaining a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted timescale within which the desired revenue will be achieved; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, the desired revenue and the predicted timescale to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 25. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to generate a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to collate the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fourth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a fifth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a sixth module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 26. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises at least two of: a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are most likely to benefit therefrom; a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are likely to receive no benefit or be at risk of harm therefrom; a diagnostic efficiency of a diagnostic test; a price of the therapy; a competitive market share advantage of the therapy; a rate of patient adherence with the therapy; a speed at which the therapy achieves its maximum market share; and an effect of the diagnostic test on a launch date of the therapy. 27. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises an erosion of one or more sales of the diagnostic test after a Patent therefor has expired. 28. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises an erosion of one or more sales of the therapy after a Patent therefor has expired. 29. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a user. 30. The system of claim 29, wherein the system comprises an alarm module configured to issue an alarm in the event that a value of one or more of the variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan obtained from the user exceeds a maximum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 31. The system of claim 30, wherein the system comprises an alarm module configured to issue an alarm in the event that a value of one or more of the variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan obtained from the user is less than a minimum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 32. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from the archive of scenarios. 33. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of an average value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 34. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of a maximum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 35. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of a minimum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 36. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from the archive of scenarios and at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a user. 37. The system of claim 25, wherein the second module comprises a seventh module adapted to calculate one or more sales of a combined therapy and theranostic. 38. The system of claim 37, wherein the seventh module comprises: an eighth module adapted to calculate a number of patients placed on the therapy; and a ninth module adapted to calculate a potential market size for the therapy from the number of patients placed on the therapy and an allocated value for a patient 39. The system of claim 37, wherein the second module comprises: a tenth module adapted to calculate an uptake of the theranostic; and an eleventh module adapted to correct the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic in accordance with the uptake of the theranostic. 40. The system of claim 39, wherein the tenth module comprises: a twelfth module adapted to calculate an opportunity to test index from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; and a thirteenth module adapted to calculate a theranostic uptake increase slope from the opportunity to test index. 41. The system of claim 25, wherein the system comprises: a fourteenth module adapted to obtain a plurality of financial variables from a user; and a fifteenth module adapted to generate a profit and loss sheet from the financial variables and the predicted revenue. 42. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises a sixteenth module adapted to calculate a return on investment from the profit and loss sheet. 43. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises a seventeenth module adapted to calculate a net present value from the profit and loss sheet. 44. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises an eighteenth module adapted to calculate an internal rate of return from the profit and loss sheet. 45. The system of claim 25, wherein the archive of scenarios is contained in a database within the system. 46. The system of claim 25, wherein the archive of scenarios is contained in a database provided externally to the system and the system comprises a means of accessing the database. 47. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to obtain a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to adjust at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan to achieve the desired revenue and generate a plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; a fourth module adapted to collate the plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fifth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a sixth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a seventh module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 48. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to obtain a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to generate a predicted timescale within which the desired revenue will be achieved; a fourth module adapted to collate the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, the desired revenue and the predicted timescale to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fifth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a sixth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a seventh module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 49. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 25. 50. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 47. 51. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 48.	A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches at least some of the variables of the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan.1. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches at least some of the variables of the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least two of: a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are most likely to benefit therefrom; a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are likely to receive no benefit or be at risk of harm therefrom; a diagnostic efficiency of a diagnostic test; a price of the therapy; a competitive market share advantage of the therapy; a rate of patient adherence with the therapy; a speed at which the therapy achieves a maximum market share; and an effect of the diagnostic test on a launch date of the therapy. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining an erosion of one or more sales of the therapy after a Patent therefor has expired. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining an erosion of one or more sales of the diagnostic test after a Patent therefor has expired. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from a user. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises an additional step of issuing an alarm in the event that a value of a one or more of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan exceeds a maximum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises an additional step of issuing an alarm in the event that a value of a one or more of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan is less than a minimum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating an average value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating a maximum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios, comprises a step of calculating a minimum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises a step of obtaining at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from the archive of scenarios and at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan from a user. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of calculating one or more sales of a combined therapy and theranostic. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of calculating the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic comprises the steps of: calculating a number of patients placed on the therapy; and calculating a potential market size for the therapy from an indication of the number of patients placed on the therapy and an allocated value for a patient. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises the additional steps of: calculating an uptake of the theranostic; and correcting the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic in accordance with the uptake of the theranostic. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of calculating the uptake of the theranostic comprises the steps of: calculating an opportunity to test index from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; and calculating a theranostic uptake increase slope from the opportunity to test index. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating the predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan comprises a step of calculating one or more sales of the combined therapy and a theranostic for a user-selected period of time encompassing at least some of a sales cycle of the therapy. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the additional steps of: obtaining a plurality of financial variables from a user; and generating a profit and loss sheet from the financial variables and the predicted revenue. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating a return on investment from the profit and loss sheet. 20. The method of claim 19, comprising a step of presenting the return on investment in a form selected from the set comprising graphical form, tabular form and one or more scenarios calculated over a pre-defined time period. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating a net present value from the profit and loss sheet. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises an additional step of calculating an internal rate of return from the profit and loss sheet. 23. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; obtaining a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; adjusting at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan to achieve the desired revenue and to generate a plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; collating the plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the desired revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 24. A method of developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising the steps of: obtaining a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; obtaining a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; generating a predicted timescale within which the desired revenue will be achieved; collating the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, the desired revenue and the predicted timescale to generate a hypothetical business scenario; creating an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; comparing each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and extracting information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 25. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to generate a predicted revenue from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to collate the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fourth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a fifth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a sixth module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 26. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises at least two of: a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are most likely to benefit therefrom; a percentage of patients taking a therapy that are likely to receive no benefit or be at risk of harm therefrom; a diagnostic efficiency of a diagnostic test; a price of the therapy; a competitive market share advantage of the therapy; a rate of patient adherence with the therapy; a speed at which the therapy achieves its maximum market share; and an effect of the diagnostic test on a launch date of the therapy. 27. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises an erosion of one or more sales of the diagnostic test after a Patent therefor has expired. 28. The system of claim 25, wherein the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, comprises an erosion of one or more sales of the therapy after a Patent therefor has expired. 29. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a user. 30. The system of claim 29, wherein the system comprises an alarm module configured to issue an alarm in the event that a value of one or more of the variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan obtained from the user exceeds a maximum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 31. The system of claim 30, wherein the system comprises an alarm module configured to issue an alarm in the event that a value of one or more of the variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan obtained from the user is less than a minimum value of one or more corresponding variables in the archive of scenarios. 32. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from the archive of scenarios. 33. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of an average value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 34. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of a maximum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 35. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a calculation of a minimum value of each of at least some of a plurality of variables comprised in the archive of scenarios. 36. The system of claim 25, wherein at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from the archive of scenarios and at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan are obtainable from a user. 37. The system of claim 25, wherein the second module comprises a seventh module adapted to calculate one or more sales of a combined therapy and theranostic. 38. The system of claim 37, wherein the seventh module comprises: an eighth module adapted to calculate a number of patients placed on the therapy; and a ninth module adapted to calculate a potential market size for the therapy from the number of patients placed on the therapy and an allocated value for a patient 39. The system of claim 37, wherein the second module comprises: a tenth module adapted to calculate an uptake of the theranostic; and an eleventh module adapted to correct the sales of the combined therapy and theranostic in accordance with the uptake of the theranostic. 40. The system of claim 39, wherein the tenth module comprises: a twelfth module adapted to calculate an opportunity to test index from the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; and a thirteenth module adapted to calculate a theranostic uptake increase slope from the opportunity to test index. 41. The system of claim 25, wherein the system comprises: a fourteenth module adapted to obtain a plurality of financial variables from a user; and a fifteenth module adapted to generate a profit and loss sheet from the financial variables and the predicted revenue. 42. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises a sixteenth module adapted to calculate a return on investment from the profit and loss sheet. 43. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises a seventeenth module adapted to calculate a net present value from the profit and loss sheet. 44. The system of claim 41, wherein the system comprises an eighteenth module adapted to calculate an internal rate of return from the profit and loss sheet. 45. The system of claim 25, wherein the archive of scenarios is contained in a database within the system. 46. The system of claim 25, wherein the archive of scenarios is contained in a database provided externally to the system and the system comprises a means of accessing the database. 47. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to obtain a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to adjust at least some of the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan to achieve the desired revenue and generate a plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan; a fourth module adapted to collate the plurality of adjusted variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan and the predicted revenue to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fifth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a sixth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a seventh module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 48. A system for developing a personalised medicine business plan comprising: a first module adapted to obtain a plurality of variables associated with an intended personalised medicine business plan; a second module adapted to obtain a desired revenue from the intended personalised medicine business plan; a third module adapted to generate a predicted timescale within which the desired revenue will be achieved; a fourth module adapted to collate the plurality of variables associated with the intended personalised medicine business plan, the desired revenue and the predicted timescale to generate a hypothetical business scenario; a fifth module adapted to create an archive of scenarios comprising data relating to personalised medicine, said data being acquired from real-world case studies; a sixth module adapted to compare each of the scenarios in the archive with the hypothetical business scenario to identify a first archived scenario that most closely matches the hypothetical business scenario; and a seventh module adapted to extract information from the first archived scenario, said information being used to justify the intended personalised medicine business plan and provide a one or more guidance parameters on how to implement the intended personalised medicine business plan and thereby develop the intended personalised medicine business plan. 49. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 25. 50. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 47. 51. A database comprising data formatted in a manner that complies with the system of claim 48.	3,600
12,974	12,974	13,769,833	3,693	Real-time evaluation and enhancement of image quality prior to capturing an image of a document on a mobile device is provided. An image capture process is initiated on a mobile device during which a user of the mobile device prepares to capture the image of the document, utilizing hardware and software on the mobile device to measure and achieve optimal parameters for image capture. Feedback may be provided to a user of the mobile device to instruct the user on how to manually optimize certain parameters relating to image quality, such as the angle, motion and distance of the mobile device from the document. When the optimal parameters for image capture of the document are achieved, at least one image of the document is automatically captured by the mobile device.	1. A method of capturing an image of a document on a mobile device, comprising: initializing an image sensor on the mobile device to detect at least one image of the document; measuring a value of at least one parameter related to quality of the at least one image being detected by the image sensor; and capturing at least one image of the document when the value of the at least one measured parameter reaches or exceeds a threshold value. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one measured parameter is selected from at least one of: an angle of the mobile device with respect to the document; a distance of the mobile device from the document, movement of the mobile device, a lighting level of the image being detected, detection of all four corners of the document, a level of focus of the image being detected, a level of reflection of the document, and a size of the document within the image being detected. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting at least one parameter if its value does not reach the threshold value. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value of one parameter is changed based on the measured value of a separate parameter. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a user of the mobile device is provided with feedback prior to the capturing of the at least one image which provides the user with at least one instruction for adjusting the at least one measured parameter. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the feedback is visual feedback displayed on a display screen of the mobile device that is represented as a visual “icon” or “symbol,” representing how optimized the image is during the capture process. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying the at least one image being detected by the image sensor in real-time on a display screen of the mobile device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying a rectangular-shaped frame on the display screen while the image being detected by the image sensor is being displayed on the display screen. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the size of the rectangular-shaped frame corresponds to a threshold size of the document needed before the at least one image can be captured. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame changes color when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame animates when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein a document-shaped outline is displayed over the probable document. 13. The method of claim 7, wherein an icon or image is displayed over the probable document, tracking the probable document per user movement. 14. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also displayed on the display screen as text information. 15. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also displayed on the display screen as non-text information. 16. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is given as audio cues. 17. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also given as haptic cues. 18. The method of claim 7, wherein a centering image is displayed instead of a rectangular shaped frame. 19. A mobile device for capturing an image of a document, comprising: an image sensor which detects at least one image of the document; a measurement unit which measures a value of at least one parameter related to the quality of the at least one image detected by the image sensor; and an image capture unit which captures the at least one image of the document when the value of the at least one measured parameter reaches a threshold value. 20. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the at least one measured parameter is selected from at least one of: an angle of the mobile device with respect to the document; a distance of the mobile device from the document, movement of the mobile device, a lighting level of the image being detected, a contrast level of the image being taken, detection of all four corners of the document, a level of focus of the image being detected, a level of reflection of the document, and a size of the document within the image being detected. 21. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the at least one parameter is adjusted if its value does not reach the threshold value. 22. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the threshold value of one parameter is changed based on the measured value of a separate parameter. 23. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein a user of the mobile device is provided with feedback prior to the capturing of the at least one image which provides the user with at least one instruction for adjusting the at least one measured parameter. 24. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is visual feedback displayed on a display screen of the mobile device. 25. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is audio played through the speaker output of the mobile device. 26. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is haptic actuated through the vibration actuator of the mobile device. 27. The mobile device of claim 24, wherein the at least one image being detected by the image sensor is displayed in real-time on a display screen of the mobile device. 28. The mobile device of claim 27, wherein a document size detection unit displays a rectangular-shaped frame on the display screen while the image being detected by the image sensor is being displayed on the display screen. 29. The mobile device of claim 28, wherein the size of the rectangular-shaped frame corresponds to a threshold size of the document needed before the at least one image can be captured. 30. The mobile device of claim 29, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame changes color or animates when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame.	Real-time evaluation and enhancement of image quality prior to capturing an image of a document on a mobile device is provided. An image capture process is initiated on a mobile device during which a user of the mobile device prepares to capture the image of the document, utilizing hardware and software on the mobile device to measure and achieve optimal parameters for image capture. Feedback may be provided to a user of the mobile device to instruct the user on how to manually optimize certain parameters relating to image quality, such as the angle, motion and distance of the mobile device from the document. When the optimal parameters for image capture of the document are achieved, at least one image of the document is automatically captured by the mobile device.1. A method of capturing an image of a document on a mobile device, comprising: initializing an image sensor on the mobile device to detect at least one image of the document; measuring a value of at least one parameter related to quality of the at least one image being detected by the image sensor; and capturing at least one image of the document when the value of the at least one measured parameter reaches or exceeds a threshold value. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one measured parameter is selected from at least one of: an angle of the mobile device with respect to the document; a distance of the mobile device from the document, movement of the mobile device, a lighting level of the image being detected, detection of all four corners of the document, a level of focus of the image being detected, a level of reflection of the document, and a size of the document within the image being detected. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting at least one parameter if its value does not reach the threshold value. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold value of one parameter is changed based on the measured value of a separate parameter. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a user of the mobile device is provided with feedback prior to the capturing of the at least one image which provides the user with at least one instruction for adjusting the at least one measured parameter. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the feedback is visual feedback displayed on a display screen of the mobile device that is represented as a visual “icon” or “symbol,” representing how optimized the image is during the capture process. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying the at least one image being detected by the image sensor in real-time on a display screen of the mobile device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying a rectangular-shaped frame on the display screen while the image being detected by the image sensor is being displayed on the display screen. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the size of the rectangular-shaped frame corresponds to a threshold size of the document needed before the at least one image can be captured. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame changes color when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame animates when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein a document-shaped outline is displayed over the probable document. 13. The method of claim 7, wherein an icon or image is displayed over the probable document, tracking the probable document per user movement. 14. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also displayed on the display screen as text information. 15. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also displayed on the display screen as non-text information. 16. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is given as audio cues. 17. The method of claim 7, wherein dynamic user feedback is also given as haptic cues. 18. The method of claim 7, wherein a centering image is displayed instead of a rectangular shaped frame. 19. A mobile device for capturing an image of a document, comprising: an image sensor which detects at least one image of the document; a measurement unit which measures a value of at least one parameter related to the quality of the at least one image detected by the image sensor; and an image capture unit which captures the at least one image of the document when the value of the at least one measured parameter reaches a threshold value. 20. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the at least one measured parameter is selected from at least one of: an angle of the mobile device with respect to the document; a distance of the mobile device from the document, movement of the mobile device, a lighting level of the image being detected, a contrast level of the image being taken, detection of all four corners of the document, a level of focus of the image being detected, a level of reflection of the document, and a size of the document within the image being detected. 21. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the at least one parameter is adjusted if its value does not reach the threshold value. 22. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the threshold value of one parameter is changed based on the measured value of a separate parameter. 23. The mobile device of claim 19, wherein a user of the mobile device is provided with feedback prior to the capturing of the at least one image which provides the user with at least one instruction for adjusting the at least one measured parameter. 24. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is visual feedback displayed on a display screen of the mobile device. 25. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is audio played through the speaker output of the mobile device. 26. The mobile device of claim 23, wherein the feedback is haptic actuated through the vibration actuator of the mobile device. 27. The mobile device of claim 24, wherein the at least one image being detected by the image sensor is displayed in real-time on a display screen of the mobile device. 28. The mobile device of claim 27, wherein a document size detection unit displays a rectangular-shaped frame on the display screen while the image being detected by the image sensor is being displayed on the display screen. 29. The mobile device of claim 28, wherein the size of the rectangular-shaped frame corresponds to a threshold size of the document needed before the at least one image can be captured. 30. The mobile device of claim 29, wherein the rectangular-shaped frame changes color or animates when edges of the document fit within the rectangular-shaped frame.	3,600
12,975	12,975	13,620,853	3,649	The invention provides a method of transmitting electronic messages in a computer environment. The preferred embodiment receives an electronic message addressed to a telephone number and determines an instant message identifier associated with the telephone number. In response to the determination that an instant message identifier associates with the telephone number, it is further determined whether an instant message receiver is available to receive messages addressed to the instant message identifier. In response to a determination that an instant message receiver is available to receive instant messages addressed to the instant message identifier, the electronic message is forwarded as an instant message addressed to the instant message identifier. In response to a determination that no instant message receiver is available to receive instant messages addressed to the instant message identifier, the electronic message is sent to a mobile device at the telephone number.	1. A method for forwarding an electronic message addressed to a telephone number to an alternative destination, the method comprising: storing, in computer memory that is accessible by an electronic messaging system, an association between a particular telephone number and an alternative address for message delivery; storing, in the computer memory that is accessible by the electronic message system, a condition for forwarding an electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number to another destination; receiving, from a message sender, an electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number; in response to receiving the electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number: accessing, from the computer memory, the stored condition for forwarding a received electronic message to another destination and determining that the condition presently is satisfied, and accessing, from the computer memory, the stored association between the particular telephone number and the alternative address for message delivery to reveal that the alternative address for message delivery is associated with the particular telephone number; and in response to determining that the condition for forwarding a received electronic message to another destination presently is satisfied and based on accessing the stored association between the particular telephone number and the alternative address for message delivery, forwarding the electronic message to the alternative address for message delivery in a format that is appropriate for receipt at the alternative address for message delivery. 2.-20. (canceled)	The invention provides a method of transmitting electronic messages in a computer environment. The preferred embodiment receives an electronic message addressed to a telephone number and determines an instant message identifier associated with the telephone number. In response to the determination that an instant message identifier associates with the telephone number, it is further determined whether an instant message receiver is available to receive messages addressed to the instant message identifier. In response to a determination that an instant message receiver is available to receive instant messages addressed to the instant message identifier, the electronic message is forwarded as an instant message addressed to the instant message identifier. In response to a determination that no instant message receiver is available to receive instant messages addressed to the instant message identifier, the electronic message is sent to a mobile device at the telephone number.1. A method for forwarding an electronic message addressed to a telephone number to an alternative destination, the method comprising: storing, in computer memory that is accessible by an electronic messaging system, an association between a particular telephone number and an alternative address for message delivery; storing, in the computer memory that is accessible by the electronic message system, a condition for forwarding an electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number to another destination; receiving, from a message sender, an electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number; in response to receiving the electronic message addressed to the particular telephone number: accessing, from the computer memory, the stored condition for forwarding a received electronic message to another destination and determining that the condition presently is satisfied, and accessing, from the computer memory, the stored association between the particular telephone number and the alternative address for message delivery to reveal that the alternative address for message delivery is associated with the particular telephone number; and in response to determining that the condition for forwarding a received electronic message to another destination presently is satisfied and based on accessing the stored association between the particular telephone number and the alternative address for message delivery, forwarding the electronic message to the alternative address for message delivery in a format that is appropriate for receipt at the alternative address for message delivery. 2.-20. (canceled)	3,600
12,976	12,976	13,016,597	3,689	A computerized Internet web server/browser method of mediating disputed issues. Here a semi-anonymous mediation network, optionally linked to a pre-existing social network, containing various members interested in providing disputes to mediate and mediating these disputes, is created. Members may post disputes according to various issue types, have these disputes analyzed and commented on by other members, who will then receive feedback according to the success of their analysis. The system keeps track of member expertise in resolving these disputes, thus determining which members have better track records at resolving various types of problems. The system additionally may contain various analytical and graphical tools to enable members to analyze mediation responses according to the characteristics of the response givers. Members may additionally post general questions to other members and receive responses. Certain data may be shared with advertisers, who may post ads relevant to the disputed issues.	1. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member (dispute member) individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member (mediation member) individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said approximate locations comprises one or more location information data selected from the group consisting of country, state, county, city, and zipcode information. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said first set of facts comprises one or more facts selected from the group consisting of text descriptions and photographs. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member individual can additionally set a mediation response deadline or a minimum number of second member mediation responses deadline. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said mediation database additionally provides one or more statistical analysis and/or graphical analysis software modules to enable said at least one first member individual to analyze said at least one mediation decision according to said age, gender, mediation experience counter, mediation history file, or approximate geographical location of said at least one second member(s). 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one second member(s) may exchange comments between said at least one first member individual and other said at least one second member(s), and in which said comments are automatically screened for inappropriate words using an automated or human text checker. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, said first members may both enter and edit said first set of facts related to said disputed issue prior to transmitting said first set of facts to said at least one second member(s). 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member may further include human witness email links, telephone numbers, or other hypertext links in said first set of facts. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member may select said at least one second member(s) from said membership database, and invite said at least one second members to participate in a mediation panel. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said Internet web server presents a list of disputes to said least one second member(s), and said at least one second members select said disputed issue from said list of disputes and elect to participate in mediating said disputed issue. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said Internet web server provides a list of suggested dispute mediation responses to said at least one second member(s), and said at least one second member(s) enter their mediation response by selecting at least one element from said list of suggested dispute mediation responses. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, and at least some of said first members comprise plaintiff first members (plaintiff dispute members) and defendant first members (defendant dispute members) who cannot agree on said first set of facts, then providing for said first set of facts to be divided between a plaintiff first set of facts and a defendant first set of facts, allowing said plaintiff first members to edit said plaintiff first set of facts, allowing said defendant first members to edit said defendant first set of facts, and presenting both said plaintiff first set of facts and defendant first set of facts to said least one second members. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein said mediation network members with a mediation experience counter or a mediation history file that exceeds a preset limit are designated by the mediation network as judges, and said judges are authorized by said mediation network to conduct mediation sessions between said plaintiff first members and said defendant first members. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein mediation network members with real world legal, mediation, or counseling experience are given extra credit in their mediation experience counter and/or mediation history file. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein said plaintiff first members and/or said defendant first members place funds in a escrow account, and said escrow account is released upon receiving said mediation decision. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein said mediation network limits said at least one first member individuals to a preset number of disputed issues that have not received mediation decisions. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein said age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue are provided to advertisers, said advertisers upload advertising media to said mediation network, and said mediation network transmits said advertising media to mediation network members that meet advertiser specified criteria for age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein said membership database is obtained from a social network membership database, and said mediation network is linked to and is accessible from a social network. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein said first member individuals may additionally post questions to at least some of said mediation network members, and receive question responses from said at least some of said mediation network members. 20. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, said first members may both enter and edit said first set of facts related to said disputed issue prior to transmitting said first set of facts to said at least one second member(s); wherein said at least one first member may select said at least one second member(s) from said membership database, and invite said at least one second members to participate in a mediation panel; wherein said at least one first member individual can additionally set a mediation response deadline or a minimum number of second member mediation responses deadline; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; wherein said mediation database additionally provides one or more statistical analysis and/or graphical analysis software modules to enable said at least one first member individual to analyze said at least one mediation decision according to said age, gender, mediation experience counter, mediation history file, or approximate geographical location of said at least one second member(s); and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein said at least one second member(s) may exchange comments between said at least one first member individual and other said at least one second member(s), and in which said comments are automatically screened for inappropriate words using an automated or human text checker. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein said age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue are provided to advertisers, said advertisers upload advertising media to said mediation network, and said mediation network transmits said advertising media to mediation network members that meet advertiser specified criteria for age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue. 23. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, and at least some of said first members comprise plaintiff first members and defendant first members who cannot agree on said first set of facts, then providing for said first set of facts to be divided between a plaintiff first set of facts and a defendant first set of facts, allowing said plaintiff first members to edit said plaintiff first set of facts, allowing said defendant first members to edit said defendant first set of facts, and presenting both said plaintiff first set of facts and defendant first set of facts to said least one second members; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein said mediation network members with a mediation experience counter or a mediation history file that exceeds a preset limit are designated by the mediation network as judges, and said judges are authorized by said mediation network to conduct mediation sessions between said plaintiff first members and said defendant first members; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein said plaintiff first members and/or said defendant first members place funds in a escrow account, and said escrow account is released upon receiving said mediation decision.	A computerized Internet web server/browser method of mediating disputed issues. Here a semi-anonymous mediation network, optionally linked to a pre-existing social network, containing various members interested in providing disputes to mediate and mediating these disputes, is created. Members may post disputes according to various issue types, have these disputes analyzed and commented on by other members, who will then receive feedback according to the success of their analysis. The system keeps track of member expertise in resolving these disputes, thus determining which members have better track records at resolving various types of problems. The system additionally may contain various analytical and graphical tools to enable members to analyze mediation responses according to the characteristics of the response givers. Members may additionally post general questions to other members and receive responses. Certain data may be shared with advertisers, who may post ads relevant to the disputed issues.1. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member (dispute member) individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member (mediation member) individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said approximate locations comprises one or more location information data selected from the group consisting of country, state, county, city, and zipcode information. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said first set of facts comprises one or more facts selected from the group consisting of text descriptions and photographs. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member individual can additionally set a mediation response deadline or a minimum number of second member mediation responses deadline. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said mediation database additionally provides one or more statistical analysis and/or graphical analysis software modules to enable said at least one first member individual to analyze said at least one mediation decision according to said age, gender, mediation experience counter, mediation history file, or approximate geographical location of said at least one second member(s). 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one second member(s) may exchange comments between said at least one first member individual and other said at least one second member(s), and in which said comments are automatically screened for inappropriate words using an automated or human text checker. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, said first members may both enter and edit said first set of facts related to said disputed issue prior to transmitting said first set of facts to said at least one second member(s). 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member may further include human witness email links, telephone numbers, or other hypertext links in said first set of facts. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one first member may select said at least one second member(s) from said membership database, and invite said at least one second members to participate in a mediation panel. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said Internet web server presents a list of disputes to said least one second member(s), and said at least one second members select said disputed issue from said list of disputes and elect to participate in mediating said disputed issue. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said Internet web server provides a list of suggested dispute mediation responses to said at least one second member(s), and said at least one second member(s) enter their mediation response by selecting at least one element from said list of suggested dispute mediation responses. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, and at least some of said first members comprise plaintiff first members (plaintiff dispute members) and defendant first members (defendant dispute members) who cannot agree on said first set of facts, then providing for said first set of facts to be divided between a plaintiff first set of facts and a defendant first set of facts, allowing said plaintiff first members to edit said plaintiff first set of facts, allowing said defendant first members to edit said defendant first set of facts, and presenting both said plaintiff first set of facts and defendant first set of facts to said least one second members. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein said mediation network members with a mediation experience counter or a mediation history file that exceeds a preset limit are designated by the mediation network as judges, and said judges are authorized by said mediation network to conduct mediation sessions between said plaintiff first members and said defendant first members. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein mediation network members with real world legal, mediation, or counseling experience are given extra credit in their mediation experience counter and/or mediation history file. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein said plaintiff first members and/or said defendant first members place funds in a escrow account, and said escrow account is released upon receiving said mediation decision. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein said mediation network limits said at least one first member individuals to a preset number of disputed issues that have not received mediation decisions. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein said age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue are provided to advertisers, said advertisers upload advertising media to said mediation network, and said mediation network transmits said advertising media to mediation network members that meet advertiser specified criteria for age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein said membership database is obtained from a social network membership database, and said mediation network is linked to and is accessible from a social network. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein said first member individuals may additionally post questions to at least some of said mediation network members, and receive question responses from said at least some of said mediation network members. 20. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, said first members may both enter and edit said first set of facts related to said disputed issue prior to transmitting said first set of facts to said at least one second member(s); wherein said at least one first member may select said at least one second member(s) from said membership database, and invite said at least one second members to participate in a mediation panel; wherein said at least one first member individual can additionally set a mediation response deadline or a minimum number of second member mediation responses deadline; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; wherein said mediation database additionally provides one or more statistical analysis and/or graphical analysis software modules to enable said at least one first member individual to analyze said at least one mediation decision according to said age, gender, mediation experience counter, mediation history file, or approximate geographical location of said at least one second member(s); and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein said at least one second member(s) may exchange comments between said at least one first member individual and other said at least one second member(s), and in which said comments are automatically screened for inappropriate words using an automated or human text checker. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein said age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue are provided to advertisers, said advertisers upload advertising media to said mediation network, and said mediation network transmits said advertising media to mediation network members that meet advertiser specified criteria for age, gender, approximate geographic location, and type of mediation issue. 23. A computerized method of mediating disputed issues, said method comprising: Creating a mediation network comprising a membership database of a plurality of member individuals interested in participating in mediation activities, said membership database comprising at least email addresses, login identification, passwords, aliases, ages, genders, a mediation experience counter, a mediation history file, and approximate locations of said plurality of member individuals, said membership database connected to at least one Internet web server; making at least said alias, age, gender, mediation experience counter, and mediation history file for said plurality of member individuals publically available on said mediation network; entering a first set of facts related to a disputed issue involving at least one first member individual into a web browser running in the graphical user interface of an internet connected computerized device, and uploading said first set of facts to an issue database connected to an Internet web server; wherein if said at least one first member comprises more than one first members, and at least some of said first members comprise plaintiff first members and defendant first members who cannot agree on said first set of facts, then providing for said first set of facts to be divided between a plaintiff first set of facts and a defendant first set of facts, allowing said plaintiff first members to edit said plaintiff first set of facts, allowing said defendant first members to edit said defendant first set of facts, and presenting both said plaintiff first set of facts and defendant first set of facts to said least one second members; transmitting the existence of said disputed issue to the web browser of at least one second member individual, so that when said at least one second member individual is logged in to said mediation network, said at least one second member individual can choose to participate in mediating said disputed issue; wherein said mediation network members with a mediation experience counter or a mediation history file that exceeds a preset limit are designated by the mediation network as judges, and said judges are authorized by said mediation network to conduct mediation sessions between said plaintiff first members and said defendant first members; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to participate in mediating said disputed issue, said mediation network transmits said first set of facts to said at least one second member, and invites said at least one second member to transmit back at least one mediation decision to said at least one first member individual; wherein if said at least one second member individual chooses to enter said mediation decision, transmitting said at least one mediation decision back to said at least one first member individual, and incrementing the mediation experience counter(s) associated with said at least one second member; and providing at least one feedback web page to said at least one first member wherein said at least one first member may enter in feedback relating to the quality or success of said mediation decision into the mediation history file(s) associated with said at least one second member. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein said plaintiff first members and/or said defendant first members place funds in a escrow account, and said escrow account is released upon receiving said mediation decision.	3,600
12,977	12,977	14,505,164	3,681	A streaming media server inserts contextual markers into a media stream being delivered to an end user device for play out to an end user. The contextual markers can be inserted in-band into spot blocks, and can be used to identify media items included in the spot block. When the contextual markers trigger the end-user device to send a message identifying the media content, e.g. a particular show, included in the spot block to a data management platform (DMP). The DMP uses the messages triggered by the contextual markers to attribute the end user to the media content. If a threshold number of attributions is received, and if the attributions are sufficiently recent, the end user can be a associated with an audience segment. The attribution and association information can be delivered to an ad server, which uses that information to select targeted advertisements to air during the show.	1. A method comprising: receiving, at a data management platform, a message including information that a contextual marker has been detected in a media stream being presented to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; in response to receipt of the message, recording information attributing the user to the particular media content; and associating the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information attributing the user to the particular media content. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: recording, over time, a number of instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and in response to at least the number of instances exceeding a threshold value, associating the user with an audience segment. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: determining a recency associated with at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associating the user with an audience segment based on the number of instances exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: inserting the contextual marker into the media stream at a streaming media server. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: configuring a mobile device to generate calls to the data management platform in response to the mobile device detecting the contextual marker. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: associating the user with at least one audience segment based on data derived from a station start, data derived during passive station playback, data derived from web page views, and data derived from user interactions. 8. A system comprising: a server device configured to implement a streaming media server, the streaming media server configured to transmit a media stream including contextual markers to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; and a data management platform configured to: receive a message including information that a contextual marker has been detected in the media stream; record information attributing the user to the particular media content in response to receipt of the message; and associate the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information attributing the user to the particular media content. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: record, over time, a number of instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associate the user with an audience segment in response to at least the number of instances exceeding a threshold value. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: determine a recency associated with at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associate the user with an audience segment based on the number of instances exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: determine a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the streaming media server is further configured to: insert the contextual marker into the media stream. 13. The system of claim 8, further comprising a client device configured to: generate the message in response to detecting the contextual marker. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: transmit information indicating an association between the user and the at least one audience segment to an ad server. 15. A data management platform comprising: a network interface configured to receive notifications that a contextual marker has been detected in a media stream being presented to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; a processor and associated memory coupled to the network interface, the processor and associated memory configured, in response to receipt of the message, to: generate information attributing the user to the particular media content, wherein the information includes a number of the notifications related to the particular media content; store the information, including the number of the notifications related to the particular media content; and associate the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information. 16. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: associate the user with an audience segment in response to at least the number of notifications exceeding a threshold value. 17. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: determining a recency associated with at least some of the number of notifications; and associate the user with an audience segment based on the number of notifications exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the number of notifications. 18. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: determine a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 19. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the notifications are generated by and received from a mobile device in response to the mobile device detecting the contextual marker. 20. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: associate the user with at least one audience segment based on data derived from a station start, data derived during passive station playback, data derived from web page views, and data derived from user interactions.	A streaming media server inserts contextual markers into a media stream being delivered to an end user device for play out to an end user. The contextual markers can be inserted in-band into spot blocks, and can be used to identify media items included in the spot block. When the contextual markers trigger the end-user device to send a message identifying the media content, e.g. a particular show, included in the spot block to a data management platform (DMP). The DMP uses the messages triggered by the contextual markers to attribute the end user to the media content. If a threshold number of attributions is received, and if the attributions are sufficiently recent, the end user can be a associated with an audience segment. The attribution and association information can be delivered to an ad server, which uses that information to select targeted advertisements to air during the show.1. A method comprising: receiving, at a data management platform, a message including information that a contextual marker has been detected in a media stream being presented to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; in response to receipt of the message, recording information attributing the user to the particular media content; and associating the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information attributing the user to the particular media content. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: recording, over time, a number of instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and in response to at least the number of instances exceeding a threshold value, associating the user with an audience segment. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: determining a recency associated with at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associating the user with an audience segment based on the number of instances exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: inserting the contextual marker into the media stream at a streaming media server. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: configuring a mobile device to generate calls to the data management platform in response to the mobile device detecting the contextual marker. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: associating the user with at least one audience segment based on data derived from a station start, data derived during passive station playback, data derived from web page views, and data derived from user interactions. 8. A system comprising: a server device configured to implement a streaming media server, the streaming media server configured to transmit a media stream including contextual markers to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; and a data management platform configured to: receive a message including information that a contextual marker has been detected in the media stream; record information attributing the user to the particular media content in response to receipt of the message; and associate the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information attributing the user to the particular media content. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: record, over time, a number of instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associate the user with an audience segment in response to at least the number of instances exceeding a threshold value. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: determine a recency associated with at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content; and associate the user with an audience segment based on the number of instances exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the instances the user has been attributed to the particular media content. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: determine a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the streaming media server is further configured to: insert the contextual marker into the media stream. 13. The system of claim 8, further comprising a client device configured to: generate the message in response to detecting the contextual marker. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the data management platform is further configured to: transmit information indicating an association between the user and the at least one audience segment to an ad server. 15. A data management platform comprising: a network interface configured to receive notifications that a contextual marker has been detected in a media stream being presented to a user at a client device, wherein the contextual marker indicates particular media content within the media stream; a processor and associated memory coupled to the network interface, the processor and associated memory configured, in response to receipt of the message, to: generate information attributing the user to the particular media content, wherein the information includes a number of the notifications related to the particular media content; store the information, including the number of the notifications related to the particular media content; and associate the user with at least one audience segment based, at least in part, on the information. 16. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: associate the user with an audience segment in response to at least the number of notifications exceeding a threshold value. 17. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: determining a recency associated with at least some of the number of notifications; and associate the user with an audience segment based on the number of notifications exceeding the threshold value, and on the recency of the at least some of the number of notifications. 18. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: determine a size of an audience of the particular media content based on both passive and active behavioral events, wherein the passive behavioral events are determined using attribution based on contextual markers included in media streams, and active behavioral events are determined based on user activities. 19. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the notifications are generated by and received from a mobile device in response to the mobile device detecting the contextual marker. 20. The data management platform of claim 15, wherein the processor and associated memory are further configured to: associate the user with at least one audience segment based on data derived from a station start, data derived during passive station playback, data derived from web page views, and data derived from user interactions.	3,600
12,978	12,978	15,603,507	3,655	Problem—To provide a friction plate with reduced drag torque. Solution—The friction plate is formed with oil grooves having the sectorial shapes spreading toward the inner circumference and the perimeter. The adjacent edges of the friction material segments are provided with the perimeter side vertex and the inner circumference side vertex respectively. The sectorial oil groove opening toward the perimeter side from the inner circumferential side vertexes can discharge a lube oil to the perimeter side efficiently by a centrifugal force. Also, owing to the sectorial oil groove opening toward the inner circumference side from the perimeter side vertexes, a lube oil can be made to run aground onto the friction material segments due to a centrifugal force, thus, reducing the drag torque markedly compared with the conventional plates.	1. A friction plate in which a plurality of friction material segments are fixed in the circumferential direction of an annular plate, and radial oil grooves are formed between adjacent friction material segments, wherein each of said friction material segments is provided with a vertex on a radially extending edge, vertexes of adjacent edges of the friction material segments facing with each other, each oil groove forming sectors spreading outwardly and inwardly from said facing vertexes, and said vertexes being composed of an inner circumference side vertex located in the inner circumference side from the radially intermediate point of the oil groove and a perimeter side vertex located in the perimeter side from the radially intermediate point. 2. The friction plate according to the claim 1 in which said adjacent friction material segments are located in the range of 0.5 degree-3.5 degrees about the center of said plate. 3. The friction plate according to claim 1 in which said oil grooves having said inner circumference side vertexes and the perimeter side vertexes are alternatingly located in at least a part of the whole circumference. 4. The friction plate according to claim 1 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 5. The friction plate according to claim 2 in which said oil grooves having said inner circumference side vertexes and the perimeter side vertexes are alternatingly located in at least a part of the whole circumference. 6. The friction plate according to claim 2 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 7. The friction plate according to claim 3 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 8. The friction plate according to claim 5 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees.	Problem—To provide a friction plate with reduced drag torque. Solution—The friction plate is formed with oil grooves having the sectorial shapes spreading toward the inner circumference and the perimeter. The adjacent edges of the friction material segments are provided with the perimeter side vertex and the inner circumference side vertex respectively. The sectorial oil groove opening toward the perimeter side from the inner circumferential side vertexes can discharge a lube oil to the perimeter side efficiently by a centrifugal force. Also, owing to the sectorial oil groove opening toward the inner circumference side from the perimeter side vertexes, a lube oil can be made to run aground onto the friction material segments due to a centrifugal force, thus, reducing the drag torque markedly compared with the conventional plates.1. A friction plate in which a plurality of friction material segments are fixed in the circumferential direction of an annular plate, and radial oil grooves are formed between adjacent friction material segments, wherein each of said friction material segments is provided with a vertex on a radially extending edge, vertexes of adjacent edges of the friction material segments facing with each other, each oil groove forming sectors spreading outwardly and inwardly from said facing vertexes, and said vertexes being composed of an inner circumference side vertex located in the inner circumference side from the radially intermediate point of the oil groove and a perimeter side vertex located in the perimeter side from the radially intermediate point. 2. The friction plate according to the claim 1 in which said adjacent friction material segments are located in the range of 0.5 degree-3.5 degrees about the center of said plate. 3. The friction plate according to claim 1 in which said oil grooves having said inner circumference side vertexes and the perimeter side vertexes are alternatingly located in at least a part of the whole circumference. 4. The friction plate according to claim 1 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 5. The friction plate according to claim 2 in which said oil grooves having said inner circumference side vertexes and the perimeter side vertexes are alternatingly located in at least a part of the whole circumference. 6. The friction plate according to claim 2 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 7. The friction plate according to claim 3 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees. 8. The friction plate according to claim 5 in which each of the sectorial shapes of the oil grooves has an opening angle in the range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees.	3,600
12,979	12,979	13,564,583	3,622	A mobile application enables an administrator of a page in a social networking system to manage the page from a mobile device, separate from a mobile application used to consume content on the social networking system. The administrator application may be used to post content on the page, add fans to the page, delete content posted by fans of the page, generate deals, manage advertising campaigns, and access real-time metrics and insights for the page. The administrator application may also enable a user to manage multiple pages that the user has been designated as an administrator. Loyalty programs may also be designed and implemented in real-time using the administrator application, enabling business owners to customize rewards for users generating check-in events at the place of business.	1. A method comprising: maintaining profiles for a plurality of users who have connected to a page in a social networking system, where the page represents a place of business operated by a merchant that administers the page; receiving an indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business; sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application; providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification; receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification; and performing the action directed at the subject user in the social networking system based on the received selection of the action. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving one or more geographic location coordinates from a user device associated with the subject user, where the one or more geographic location coordinates indicates a position near the place of business. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving a check-in event including location information from a user device associated with the subject user, where the location information indicates a position near the place of business. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving a communication from a user device associated with the subject user indicating that the subject user is located at the place of business. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application further comprises: retrieving user profile information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; and sending the notification to the merchant through the page administration application, where the notification further comprises the retrieved user profile information. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; and sending the notification to the merchant through the page administration application, where the notification further comprises the retrieved edge information. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving user profile information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; configuring a welcome message with the user profile information for sending to the subject user; and providing the configured welcome message for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by one or more other users connected to the subject user on the social networking system at the place of business; determining a recommendation for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing an advertisement for the determined recommendation for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by one or more other users connected to the user on the social networking system at the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by the user on the social networking system at the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes historical information about the user in relation to the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes a confirmation that the subject user is connected to the page representing the place of business on the social networking system; generating an automatic check-in event at the place of business for the subject user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated automatic check-in event at the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes information about one or more other users connected to the user on the social networking system that have generated interactions at the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system; generating an advertisement for the place of business for the subject user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated advertisement for the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes a confirmation that the subject user is not connected to the page representing the place of business on the social networking system; generating an advertisement for the place of business for the user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated advertisement for the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification further comprises: receiving a web page request from a user device associated with an administrator of the page operating the page administration application, where the web page request includes the selection of the action. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification further comprises: receiving an application programming interface (API) request from a user device associated with an administrator of the page operating the page administration application, where the API request includes the selection of the action. 17. A method comprising: providing a user interface for customizing one or more deals for a page on a social networking system, the user interface provided in an application operating on a mobile device associated with an admin of the page; receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application, the user input related to one or more of the deals associated with the page; determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system; and communicating the configuration of the one or more deals to the social networking system. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein an admin of the page further comprises a user of the social networking system designated by an owner of the page to administer the page. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application further comprises: receiving a selection of one or more links in the user interface, where the one or more links modify a term for one or more deals for the page. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application further comprises: receiving a voice command from the mobile device, where the voice command includes a term for one or more deals for the page. 21. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: determining a term of a deal of the one or more deals based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the determined term. 22. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: retrieving a deal associated with the page from the social networking system; determining a term of a deal of the one or more deals based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the determined term. 23. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: retrieving a deal associated with the page from the social networking system, where the deal comprises a template that includes one or more customizable fields; determining one or more values for the template that matches the one or more customizable fields based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the one or more values for the template. 24. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for displaying one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for displaying the one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and providing for display the one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system. 25. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for managing one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for managing the one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and responsive to the selection of the link, providing an ad campaign management user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page for managing the one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system. 26. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for managing advertising associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for managing the advertising associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and responsive to the selection of the link, providing an ad inventory management user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page for managing the advertising associated with the page on the social networking system. 27. A method comprising: providing one or more links to select a page of a social networking system for display in a user interface on an admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the page is selected to associate a loyalty program for a place of business represented by the selected page; receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business; receiving a selection of a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page, where each reward of the plurality of rewards is provided to a fan of the page responsive to the fan completing an achievement of the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program; and storing the loyalty program and the plurality of rewards in association with the selected page in the social networking system. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business further comprises: receiving a selection of links in the user interface on the admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the selection of links define the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business further comprises: receiving user input in the user interface on the admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the user input includes a definition of at least one of the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program. 30. The method of claim 27, wherein a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page further comprises a deal previously associated with the page. 31. The method of claim 27, wherein a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page further comprises a coupon for a discount on a product offered by the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the coupon for the discount on the product offered by the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system is determined by the definition of the achievement associated with the coupon. 33. The method of claim 27, further comprising: providing in the user interface a link for displaying one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for displaying one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and providing for display the one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system. 34. A method comprising: maintaining a plurality of users connected to a page in a social networking system, where the page represents a place of business operated by a merchant that administers the page; providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system, where the one or more deals may be provided in coupon format; receiving a coupon from a user of the plurality of users through a page administration application operating on a user device associated with the merchant that administers the page; authenticating the coupon as a valid deal associated with the page for the place of business; responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, sending a confirmation to the merchant through the page administration application; and responsive to the coupon being rejected, sending a rejection notification to the merchant through the page administration application. 35. The method of claim 34, further comprising: responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, providing for display one or more rewards associated with the page on the social networking system in a user interface on a user device associated with the user. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a plurality of rewards as the one or more deals responsive to the plurality of users completing a plurality of achievements in a loyalty program associated with the page. 37. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user connected to the page being located near the place of business represented by the page. 38. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating a check-in event with one or more other users not connected to the page, where the check-in event indicates that the user and the one or more other users are located near the place of business represented by the page. 39. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating content on the page. 40. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating content on the page, where the content comprises a review of the place of business represented by the page. 41. The method of claim 34, further comprising: responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, classifying the user for special treatment associated with the page on the social networking system in a user interface on a user device associated with the user.	A mobile application enables an administrator of a page in a social networking system to manage the page from a mobile device, separate from a mobile application used to consume content on the social networking system. The administrator application may be used to post content on the page, add fans to the page, delete content posted by fans of the page, generate deals, manage advertising campaigns, and access real-time metrics and insights for the page. The administrator application may also enable a user to manage multiple pages that the user has been designated as an administrator. Loyalty programs may also be designed and implemented in real-time using the administrator application, enabling business owners to customize rewards for users generating check-in events at the place of business.1. A method comprising: maintaining profiles for a plurality of users who have connected to a page in a social networking system, where the page represents a place of business operated by a merchant that administers the page; receiving an indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business; sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application; providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification; receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification; and performing the action directed at the subject user in the social networking system based on the received selection of the action. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving one or more geographic location coordinates from a user device associated with the subject user, where the one or more geographic location coordinates indicates a position near the place of business. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving a check-in event including location information from a user device associated with the subject user, where the location information indicates a position near the place of business. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication that a subject user of the plurality of users is located near the place of business further comprises receiving a communication from a user device associated with the subject user indicating that the subject user is located at the place of business. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application further comprises: retrieving user profile information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; and sending the notification to the merchant through the page administration application, where the notification further comprises the retrieved user profile information. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a notification comprising the indication to the merchant through a page administration application further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; and sending the notification to the merchant through the page administration application, where the notification further comprises the retrieved edge information. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving user profile information associated with the subject user from the social networking system; configuring a welcome message with the user profile information for sending to the subject user; and providing the configured welcome message for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by one or more other users connected to the subject user on the social networking system at the place of business; determining a recommendation for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing an advertisement for the determined recommendation for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by one or more other users connected to the user on the social networking system at the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes one or more products purchased by the user on the social networking system at the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes historical information about the user in relation to the place of business; generating a deal for a product offered by the place of business based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated deal for the product for sending to the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes a confirmation that the subject user is connected to the page representing the place of business on the social networking system; generating an automatic check-in event at the place of business for the subject user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated automatic check-in event at the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes information about one or more other users connected to the user on the social networking system that have generated interactions at the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system; generating an advertisement for the place of business for the subject user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated advertisement for the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein providing a plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant to interact with the subject user based on the notification further comprises: retrieving edge information associated with the subject user from the social networking system, where the edge information includes a confirmation that the subject user is not connected to the page representing the place of business on the social networking system; generating an advertisement for the place of business for the user based on the retrieved edge information; and providing the generated advertisement for the place of business for the subject user as one of the plurality of customizable actions associated with the page for selection by the merchant. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification further comprises: receiving a web page request from a user device associated with an administrator of the page operating the page administration application, where the web page request includes the selection of the action. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving a selection of an action of the plurality of customizable actions from the merchant to perform directed at the subject user based on the notification further comprises: receiving an application programming interface (API) request from a user device associated with an administrator of the page operating the page administration application, where the API request includes the selection of the action. 17. A method comprising: providing a user interface for customizing one or more deals for a page on a social networking system, the user interface provided in an application operating on a mobile device associated with an admin of the page; receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application, the user input related to one or more of the deals associated with the page; determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system; and communicating the configuration of the one or more deals to the social networking system. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein an admin of the page further comprises a user of the social networking system designated by an owner of the page to administer the page. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application further comprises: receiving a selection of one or more links in the user interface, where the one or more links modify a term for one or more deals for the page. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein receiving user input from the user using the user interface provided on the application further comprises: receiving a voice command from the mobile device, where the voice command includes a term for one or more deals for the page. 21. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: determining a term of a deal of the one or more deals based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the determined term. 22. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: retrieving a deal associated with the page from the social networking system; determining a term of a deal of the one or more deals based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the determined term. 23. The method of claim 17, wherein determining a configuration of the one or more deals according to the received user input for providing the one or more deals to a plurality of fans connected to the page on the social networking system further comprises: retrieving a deal associated with the page from the social networking system, where the deal comprises a template that includes one or more customizable fields; determining one or more values for the template that matches the one or more customizable fields based on the received user input; and configuring the deal to include the one or more values for the template. 24. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for displaying one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for displaying the one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and providing for display the one or more metrics for the one or more deals associated with the page on the social networking system. 25. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for managing one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for managing the one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and responsive to the selection of the link, providing an ad campaign management user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page for managing the one or more advertising campaigns associated with the page on the social networking system. 26. The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing in the user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page a link for managing advertising associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for managing the advertising associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and responsive to the selection of the link, providing an ad inventory management user interface on the application operating on the mobile device associated with the admin of the page for managing the advertising associated with the page on the social networking system. 27. A method comprising: providing one or more links to select a page of a social networking system for display in a user interface on an admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the page is selected to associate a loyalty program for a place of business represented by the selected page; receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business; receiving a selection of a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page, where each reward of the plurality of rewards is provided to a fan of the page responsive to the fan completing an achievement of the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program; and storing the loyalty program and the plurality of rewards in association with the selected page in the social networking system. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business further comprises: receiving a selection of links in the user interface on the admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the selection of links define the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein receiving a plurality of definitions for a plurality of achievements in the loyalty program associated with the page representing the place of business further comprises: receiving user input in the user interface on the admin application operating on a mobile device communicatively coupled with the social networking system, where the user input includes a definition of at least one of the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program. 30. The method of claim 27, wherein a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page further comprises a deal previously associated with the page. 31. The method of claim 27, wherein a plurality of rewards for completing the plurality of achievements in the loyalty program of the selected page further comprises a coupon for a discount on a product offered by the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the coupon for the discount on the product offered by the place of business represented by the page on the social networking system is determined by the definition of the achievement associated with the coupon. 33. The method of claim 27, further comprising: providing in the user interface a link for displaying one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system; receiving a selection of the link for displaying one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system from the user interface; and providing for display the one or more metrics for the loyalty program associated with the page on the social networking system. 34. A method comprising: maintaining a plurality of users connected to a page in a social networking system, where the page represents a place of business operated by a merchant that administers the page; providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system, where the one or more deals may be provided in coupon format; receiving a coupon from a user of the plurality of users through a page administration application operating on a user device associated with the merchant that administers the page; authenticating the coupon as a valid deal associated with the page for the place of business; responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, sending a confirmation to the merchant through the page administration application; and responsive to the coupon being rejected, sending a rejection notification to the merchant through the page administration application. 35. The method of claim 34, further comprising: responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, providing for display one or more rewards associated with the page on the social networking system in a user interface on a user device associated with the user. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a plurality of rewards as the one or more deals responsive to the plurality of users completing a plurality of achievements in a loyalty program associated with the page. 37. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user connected to the page being located near the place of business represented by the page. 38. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating a check-in event with one or more other users not connected to the page, where the check-in event indicates that the user and the one or more other users are located near the place of business represented by the page. 39. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating content on the page. 40. The method of claim 34, wherein providing one or more deals to the plurality of users through the social networking system further comprises: providing a deal responsive to a user generating content on the page, where the content comprises a review of the place of business represented by the page. 41. The method of claim 34, further comprising: responsive to the coupon being successfully authenticated, classifying the user for special treatment associated with the page on the social networking system in a user interface on a user device associated with the user.	3,600
12,980	12,980	12,857,205	3,694	A method of and apparatus for automatically displaying an advertisement or promotional material to a user of an automated teller machine or point of purchase terminal. The method includes accessing debit data and credit bureau data for the applicant, accessing account information for the applicant, generating a score for the applicant based on the data and the account information and determining what advertisements or promotional offers to display on the ATM or POP terminal. The apparatus is a system, including both hardware and software components for effecting the method.	1. A method of displaying an advertisement or promotional offer at an automated teller machine for a user of the automated teller machine, the method comprising the acts of: obtaining identification information provided by the user; accessing personal or historical information relating to the user; selecting the advertisement or promotional offer based on the information of the user; and displaying the advertisement or promotional offer on the automated teller machine. 2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of reading a personal access number entered by the user. 3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of reading account information on a card entered by the user. 4. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of scanning a body part of the user. 5. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the personal or historical information is stored in a database. 6. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the personal or historical information includes behavioral data, demographic data or promotional history data. 7. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 8. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer is performed during or after a transaction on the automated teller machine. 9. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers at the same time. 10. A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein the act of displaying the multiple advertisements or promotional offers includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers sequentially. 11. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 12. A method as set forth in claim 1, and further comprising a module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 13. A method as set forth in claim 12, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 14. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 15. A method as set forth in claim 14, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 16. A method as set forth in claim 14, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 17. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 18. A method of displaying an advertisement or promotional offer at a point-of-purchase machine, the method comprising the acts of: obtaining identification information provided by a user; accessing a database containing user information; and displaying the advertisement or promotional offer on the point-of-purchase machine based on the user information. 19. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of obtaining identification information includes the act of reading a personal access number entered by the user. 20. The method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of obtaining identification information includes the act of reading account information on a card entered by the user. 21. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is stored in a database. 22. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 23. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the personalized advertisement or promotional offer is performed during or after a transaction on the point-of-purchase machine. 24. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the personalized advertisement or promotional offer includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers at the same time. 25. A method as set forth in claim 24, wherein the act of displaying the multiple advertisements or promotional offers includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers sequentially. 26. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 27. A method as set forth in claim 18, and further comprising a module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 28. A method as set forth in claim 27, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 29. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 30. A method as set forth in claim 29, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 31. A method as set forth in claim 29, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 32. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 33. A system for displaying an advertisement or promotional offer, the system comprising: a user terminal; a database for storing personal and historical information of users; a marketing module for retrieving user information from the database based on the personal or historical information of the user, and for determining which advertisement or promotional offer to present based on the user information; and a presentation module for formatting the advertisement or promotional offer, the presentation module causing the user terminal to display the advertisement or promotional offer. 34. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the user terminal is an automated teller machine. 35. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the user terminal is a point-of-purchase machine. 36. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the personal and historical information stored in the user database includes behavioral data, demographic data or promotional history data. 37. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 38. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the advertisement or promotional offer can be displayed during or after a transaction on the system. 39. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the multiple advertisements or promotional offers are displayed at the same time. 40. A system as set forth in claim 39, wherein the multiple advertisements or promotional offers are displayed sequentially. 41. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 42. A system as set forth in claim 33, and further comprising a storage module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 43. A system as set forth in claim 42, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 44. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 45. A system as set forth in claim 44, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 46. A system as set forth in claim 44, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 47. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 48. A financial network, accessible by a user terminal having a display capable of presenting offers and information for products and services, the financial network comprising: a gateway server in communication with the user terminal; and an application server in communication with the gateway server, the application server including, an identification module capable of identifying the user, a database containing category information and offers and information for products and services presently available, a search engine for identifying the offers and information for products and services that correspond to the user's category information, and a presentation module for displaying at least one of the offers and information for products and services that correspond to the user's category information. 49. A marketing network, accessible by a marketing terminal having a display capable of presenting personalized options to a user on the display, the marketing network comprising: a gateway server in communication with the marketing terminal; and an application server in communication with the gateway server, the application server including, an identification module capable of identifying the user, a database containing user category information and at least one option, a marketing module for matching the available options with the user's category information, and a presentation module for personalizing the matched options and presenting to the user at least one of the matched options on the display.	A method of and apparatus for automatically displaying an advertisement or promotional material to a user of an automated teller machine or point of purchase terminal. The method includes accessing debit data and credit bureau data for the applicant, accessing account information for the applicant, generating a score for the applicant based on the data and the account information and determining what advertisements or promotional offers to display on the ATM or POP terminal. The apparatus is a system, including both hardware and software components for effecting the method.1. A method of displaying an advertisement or promotional offer at an automated teller machine for a user of the automated teller machine, the method comprising the acts of: obtaining identification information provided by the user; accessing personal or historical information relating to the user; selecting the advertisement or promotional offer based on the information of the user; and displaying the advertisement or promotional offer on the automated teller machine. 2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of reading a personal access number entered by the user. 3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of reading account information on a card entered by the user. 4. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of obtaining the identification information includes the act of scanning a body part of the user. 5. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the personal or historical information is stored in a database. 6. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the personal or historical information includes behavioral data, demographic data or promotional history data. 7. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 8. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer is performed during or after a transaction on the automated teller machine. 9. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers at the same time. 10. A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein the act of displaying the multiple advertisements or promotional offers includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers sequentially. 11. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 12. A method as set forth in claim 1, and further comprising a module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 13. A method as set forth in claim 12, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 14. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 15. A method as set forth in claim 14, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 16. A method as set forth in claim 14, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 17. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 18. A method of displaying an advertisement or promotional offer at a point-of-purchase machine, the method comprising the acts of: obtaining identification information provided by a user; accessing a database containing user information; and displaying the advertisement or promotional offer on the point-of-purchase machine based on the user information. 19. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of obtaining identification information includes the act of reading a personal access number entered by the user. 20. The method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of obtaining identification information includes the act of reading account information on a card entered by the user. 21. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is stored in a database. 22. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 23. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the personalized advertisement or promotional offer is performed during or after a transaction on the point-of-purchase machine. 24. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the personalized advertisement or promotional offer includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers at the same time. 25. A method as set forth in claim 24, wherein the act of displaying the multiple advertisements or promotional offers includes the act of displaying multiple advertisements or promotional offers sequentially. 26. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the act of displaying the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 27. A method as set forth in claim 18, and further comprising a module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 28. A method as set forth in claim 27, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 29. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 30. A method as set forth in claim 29, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 31. A method as set forth in claim 29, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 32. A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 33. A system for displaying an advertisement or promotional offer, the system comprising: a user terminal; a database for storing personal and historical information of users; a marketing module for retrieving user information from the database based on the personal or historical information of the user, and for determining which advertisement or promotional offer to present based on the user information; and a presentation module for formatting the advertisement or promotional offer, the presentation module causing the user terminal to display the advertisement or promotional offer. 34. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the user terminal is an automated teller machine. 35. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the user terminal is a point-of-purchase machine. 36. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the personal and historical information stored in the user database includes behavioral data, demographic data or promotional history data. 37. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is segmentation data where the user is placed in a group of users with similar personal or historical information. 38. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the advertisement or promotional offer can be displayed during or after a transaction on the system. 39. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the multiple advertisements or promotional offers are displayed at the same time. 40. A system as set forth in claim 39, wherein the multiple advertisements or promotional offers are displayed sequentially. 41. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the advertisement or promotional offer requires a response from the user. 42. A system as set forth in claim 33, and further comprising a storage module for storing responses to the advertisement or promotional offer. 43. A system as set forth in claim 42, wherein the stored responses are available to a financial entity. 44. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is a score used to compare the user against a standard. 45. A system as set forth in claim 44, wherein the score is dynamically calculated using an algorithm. 46. A system as set forth in claim 44, wherein the score is predetermined and retrieved from a database. 47. A system as set forth in claim 33, wherein the information is a rule used to compare the user against a standard. 48. A financial network, accessible by a user terminal having a display capable of presenting offers and information for products and services, the financial network comprising: a gateway server in communication with the user terminal; and an application server in communication with the gateway server, the application server including, an identification module capable of identifying the user, a database containing category information and offers and information for products and services presently available, a search engine for identifying the offers and information for products and services that correspond to the user's category information, and a presentation module for displaying at least one of the offers and information for products and services that correspond to the user's category information. 49. A marketing network, accessible by a marketing terminal having a display capable of presenting personalized options to a user on the display, the marketing network comprising: a gateway server in communication with the marketing terminal; and an application server in communication with the gateway server, the application server including, an identification module capable of identifying the user, a database containing user category information and at least one option, a marketing module for matching the available options with the user's category information, and a presentation module for personalizing the matched options and presenting to the user at least one of the matched options on the display.	3,600
12,981	12,981	14,152,920	3,694	A social networking system identifies user-generated content that can be sponsored to social networking system users based on compensation received from advertisers. Such user-generated content includes photographs, videos, audio files, and so on, that contain advertisable or promotional information such as brands, trademark names, logos, identifiers for product makes or models, or product names that an advertiser may wish to promote. The system tags such user-generated content with the identified promotional or advertisable information. The system matches the tagged content to a sponsor request from an advertiser based on the tag of the tagged content item. The system ranks the tagged content item relative to other non-sponsored content for display to social networking system users, the tagged content ranked higher than the other non-sponsored content based on the tagged content matching the sponsor request.	1. A method comprising: identifying promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tagging the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; matching the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; ranking a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the ranking increases a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; and determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the promotional information corresponds to advertisable information that an advertiser provides compensation to the social networking system to present to social networking system users. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises one or more of: a still image file, an image frame extracted from a videographic file, audio content extracted from a videographic file, an audio file comprising musical recording, an audio file comprising speech, or geospatial content. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the promotional information comprises one or more of: an image representation of a brand-name, a videographic representation of a brand-name, an audiographic representation of a brand-name, an image representation of a graphical logo, a videographic representation of a trademark, an image representation of a trademark phrase, an audiographic representation of a trademark phrase, or an audiographic representation of a trademark musical theme. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an image extracted from a still image file or a videographic file, and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting an object embedded within the extracted image, and identifying a brand-name displayed, in the extracted image, in conjunction with the detected object, the brand-name identifying an advertiser. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an audio recording extracted from an audiographic file, or a videographic file and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting one or more portions of speech embedded within the audio recording, and identifying a spoken representation of a brand-name or a trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech, the brand-name or the trademark phrase identifying an advertiser. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein identifying the spoken representation of the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech comprises: converting the detected portions of speech into corresponding textual representation; and identifying the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the corresponding textual representation. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein identifying the spoken representation of the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech comprises: translating the detected portions of speech from a first language to a second language; and identifying, in the second language, the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the translated portions of speech. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an audio recording extracted from an audiographic file, or a videographic file and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting one or more portions of musical sound embedded within the audio recording, and identifying a musical trademark theme in the detected portions of musical sound, the musical trademark theme symbolizing an advertiser. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: identifying a statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item by analyzing one or more comments received from social networking system users in conjunction with the tagged content item; and adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item based on the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item toward a higher rank, if the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item is positive; and adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item toward a lower rank, if the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item is negative. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking comprises: displaying the tagged content item in a newsfeed presented to one or more of the users of the social networking system in spatial locations more prominent than display locations for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the newsfeed. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking comprises: adjusting a weighting of the tagged content item in proportion to weights ascribed to one or more other factors for the tagged content item when compared to corresponding weights ascribed to the one or more other factors for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein ranking the tagged content item relative to other non-sponsored content items for display to users of the social networking system comprises: displaying the tagged content item in an album view, displayed to one or more of the users of the social networking system more prominently than the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the album view. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising: responsive to a substitution request from an advertiser associated with the sponsor request, replacing, for display to users of the social networking system, one or more newsfeed stories associated with the tagged content item with one or more substituted newsfeed stories associated with complementary advertisable information to advertisable information represented by the promotional information in the tagged content item. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item based on one or more quality parameters of the promotional information in the tagged content item. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the sponsor request includes a bid amount corresponding to a monetary compensation provided by an advertiser to the social networking system if the tagged content is presented to one or more users of the social networking system. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item is generated by a social networking system user. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a plurality of sponsor requests to promote content posted in a social networking system in exchange for compensation, each sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; and prior to identifying promotional information within the content item: establishing a connection in the social networking system between a posting user of a plurality of users of the social networking system and the viewing user of the plurality of users; and receiving from the posting user, a request to post the content item from the posting user to one or more other users of the social networking system who have established a connection to the posting user, the one or more other users comprising the viewing user. 18. A computer system comprising: a processor; and memory coupled to the processor, the memory having encoded thereon instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: identify promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tag the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; match the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; rank a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the instructions that cause the processor to rank increase a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the promotional information corresponds to advertisable information that an advertiser provides compensation to the social networking system to present to social networking system users. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the content item comprises one or more of: a still image file, an image frame extracted from a videographic file, audio content extracted from a videographic file, an audio file comprising musical recording, an audio file comprising speech, or geospatial content. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein the promotional information comprises one or more of: an image representation of a brand-name, a videographic representation of a brand-name, an audiographic representation of a brand-name, an image representation of a graphical logo, a videographic representation of a trademark, an image representation of a trademark phrase, an audiographic representation of a trademark phrase, or an audiographic representation of a trademark musical theme. 22. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to: identify promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tag the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; match the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; rank a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the instructions that cause the processor to rank increase a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 23. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to: identify a statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item by causing the processor to analyze one or more comments received from social networking system users in conjunction with the tagged content item; and adjust the ranking of the tagged content item based on the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item. 24. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking, by causing the processor to: display the tagged content item in a newsfeed presented to one or more of the users of the social networking system in spatial locations more prominent than display locations for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the newsfeed. 25. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking, by causing the processor to: adjust a weighting of the tagged content item in proportion to weights ascribed to one or more other factors for the tagged content item when compared to corresponding weights ascribed to the one or more other factors for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items.	A social networking system identifies user-generated content that can be sponsored to social networking system users based on compensation received from advertisers. Such user-generated content includes photographs, videos, audio files, and so on, that contain advertisable or promotional information such as brands, trademark names, logos, identifiers for product makes or models, or product names that an advertiser may wish to promote. The system tags such user-generated content with the identified promotional or advertisable information. The system matches the tagged content to a sponsor request from an advertiser based on the tag of the tagged content item. The system ranks the tagged content item relative to other non-sponsored content for display to social networking system users, the tagged content ranked higher than the other non-sponsored content based on the tagged content matching the sponsor request.1. A method comprising: identifying promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tagging the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; matching the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; ranking a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the ranking increases a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; and determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the promotional information corresponds to advertisable information that an advertiser provides compensation to the social networking system to present to social networking system users. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises one or more of: a still image file, an image frame extracted from a videographic file, audio content extracted from a videographic file, an audio file comprising musical recording, an audio file comprising speech, or geospatial content. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the promotional information comprises one or more of: an image representation of a brand-name, a videographic representation of a brand-name, an audiographic representation of a brand-name, an image representation of a graphical logo, a videographic representation of a trademark, an image representation of a trademark phrase, an audiographic representation of a trademark phrase, or an audiographic representation of a trademark musical theme. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an image extracted from a still image file or a videographic file, and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting an object embedded within the extracted image, and identifying a brand-name displayed, in the extracted image, in conjunction with the detected object, the brand-name identifying an advertiser. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an audio recording extracted from an audiographic file, or a videographic file and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting one or more portions of speech embedded within the audio recording, and identifying a spoken representation of a brand-name or a trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech, the brand-name or the trademark phrase identifying an advertiser. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein identifying the spoken representation of the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech comprises: converting the detected portions of speech into corresponding textual representation; and identifying the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the corresponding textual representation. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein identifying the spoken representation of the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the detected portions of speech comprises: translating the detected portions of speech from a first language to a second language; and identifying, in the second language, the brand-name or the trademark phrase in the translated portions of speech. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item comprises an audio recording extracted from an audiographic file, or a videographic file and wherein identifying the promotional information comprises: detecting one or more portions of musical sound embedded within the audio recording, and identifying a musical trademark theme in the detected portions of musical sound, the musical trademark theme symbolizing an advertiser. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: identifying a statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item by analyzing one or more comments received from social networking system users in conjunction with the tagged content item; and adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item based on the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item toward a higher rank, if the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item is positive; and adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item toward a lower rank, if the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item is negative. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking comprises: displaying the tagged content item in a newsfeed presented to one or more of the users of the social networking system in spatial locations more prominent than display locations for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the newsfeed. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein determining one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking comprises: adjusting a weighting of the tagged content item in proportion to weights ascribed to one or more other factors for the tagged content item when compared to corresponding weights ascribed to the one or more other factors for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein ranking the tagged content item relative to other non-sponsored content items for display to users of the social networking system comprises: displaying the tagged content item in an album view, displayed to one or more of the users of the social networking system more prominently than the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the album view. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising: responsive to a substitution request from an advertiser associated with the sponsor request, replacing, for display to users of the social networking system, one or more newsfeed stories associated with the tagged content item with one or more substituted newsfeed stories associated with complementary advertisable information to advertisable information represented by the promotional information in the tagged content item. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting the ranking of the tagged content item based on one or more quality parameters of the promotional information in the tagged content item. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the sponsor request includes a bid amount corresponding to a monetary compensation provided by an advertiser to the social networking system if the tagged content is presented to one or more users of the social networking system. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the content item is generated by a social networking system user. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a plurality of sponsor requests to promote content posted in a social networking system in exchange for compensation, each sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; and prior to identifying promotional information within the content item: establishing a connection in the social networking system between a posting user of a plurality of users of the social networking system and the viewing user of the plurality of users; and receiving from the posting user, a request to post the content item from the posting user to one or more other users of the social networking system who have established a connection to the posting user, the one or more other users comprising the viewing user. 18. A computer system comprising: a processor; and memory coupled to the processor, the memory having encoded thereon instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: identify promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tag the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; match the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; rank a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the instructions that cause the processor to rank increase a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the promotional information corresponds to advertisable information that an advertiser provides compensation to the social networking system to present to social networking system users. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the content item comprises one or more of: a still image file, an image frame extracted from a videographic file, audio content extracted from a videographic file, an audio file comprising musical recording, an audio file comprising speech, or geospatial content. 21. The system of claim 18, wherein the promotional information comprises one or more of: an image representation of a brand-name, a videographic representation of a brand-name, an audiographic representation of a brand-name, an image representation of a graphical logo, a videographic representation of a trademark, an image representation of a trademark phrase, an audiographic representation of a trademark phrase, or an audiographic representation of a trademark musical theme. 22. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to: identify promotional information within a content item posted on a social networking system; tag the content item with one or more tags representing the promotional information identified in the content item; match the one or more tags of the tagged content item to one or more tags of a sponsor request to promote content in the social networking system in exchange for compensation, the sponsor request specifying one or more tags that identify posted content to be sponsored; rank a plurality of content items for display to a viewing user, the plurality of content items including the tagged content item, wherein the instructions that cause the processor to rank increase a ranking of the tagged content item relative to one or more of the other of the plurality of content items based on the tagged content item being tagged with a tag that matches a tag of the sponsor request; determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking. 23. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to: identify a statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item by causing the processor to analyze one or more comments received from social networking system users in conjunction with the tagged content item; and adjust the ranking of the tagged content item based on the statistical representation of user sentiments toward the tagged content item. 24. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking, by causing the processor to: display the tagged content item in a newsfeed presented to one or more of the users of the social networking system in spatial locations more prominent than display locations for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items in the newsfeed. 25. The computer program product of claim 22, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to determine one or more of the plurality of content items to present to the viewing user based on the ranking, by causing the processor to: adjust a weighting of the tagged content item in proportion to weights ascribed to one or more other factors for the tagged content item when compared to corresponding weights ascribed to the one or more other factors for the one or more of the other of the plurality of content items.	3,600
12,982	12,982	14,300,978	3,664	A vehicle computing system (VCS) may include a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features; a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute scripting settings to automate the remote smart device features; and a user interface of the scripting application configured to facilitate editing of scripting settings when driver workload, as determined by the VCS, is below a predetermined threshold value. A configuration server may be configured to receive, via a user interface provided by the server, an action to be performed by a vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, generate a scripting setting including the action and the trigger, and provide the scripting setting to a vehicle for execution.	1. A system comprising: a vehicle computing system (VCS) including a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features, a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute scripting settings to automate the remote smart device features, and a user interface of the scripting application configured to facilitate editing of scripting settings when driver workload, as determined by the VCS, is below a predetermined threshold value. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the remote smart device features include at least one of thermostat, security, and lighting features exposed by network-connected smart devices over a network accessible to the smart device interface. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the VCS further includes a smart device application configured to: provide a second user interface facilitating direct control of the remote smart device features; and utilize the smart device interface to control the remote smart device features. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the smart device application is further configured to display, in the second user interface, current status information regarding the remote smart device features in the user interface obtained using the smart device interface. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the scripting settings includes an action to be performed by the vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the scripting application is further configured to: execute the scripting setting according to vehicle information to determine whether the condition of the trigger has occurred, and perform the action by the vehicle when the condition of the trigger is met. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the VCS is further configured to send a smart device command to a smart device to cause the smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the VCS is further configured to receive a command response from the smart device indicative of a result of the action. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold value is indicative of the vehicle being parked. 10. A system comprising: a processor of a vehicle configured to enable use of an in-vehicle user interface of a scripting application according to a measure of driver workload determined by the vehicle, receive, via the user interface, an action to be performed by the vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, and store a scripting setting including the action and the trigger by the vehicle. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to: execute the scripting setting according to vehicle information to determine whether the condition of the trigger has occurred, and perform the action by the vehicle when the condition of the trigger is met. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to send a smart device command to a remote smart device to cause the remote smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to receive a command response from the remote smart device indicative of a result of the action. 14. A system comprising: a configuration server configured to: receive, via a user interface provided by the server, an action to be performed by a vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, generate a scripting setting including the action and the trigger, and provide the scripting setting over a network to the vehicle for execution. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the user interface provided by the server includes a web page. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the scripting setting is configured to be executed by the vehicle regardless of driver workload, and viewable in the user interface of the vehicle when permitted by the driver workload. 17. The system of claim 14, further comprising: a vehicle computing system (VCS) of the vehicle including a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features; and a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute the scripting setting to automate at least one remote smart device feature. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the VCS is further configured to send a smart device command to a remote smart device to cause the remote smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the VCS is further configured to receive a command response from the remote smart device indicative of a result of the action. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the VCS is further configured to enable use of a user interface of the scripting application according to a measure of driver workload determined by the VCS.	A vehicle computing system (VCS) may include a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features; a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute scripting settings to automate the remote smart device features; and a user interface of the scripting application configured to facilitate editing of scripting settings when driver workload, as determined by the VCS, is below a predetermined threshold value. A configuration server may be configured to receive, via a user interface provided by the server, an action to be performed by a vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, generate a scripting setting including the action and the trigger, and provide the scripting setting to a vehicle for execution.1. A system comprising: a vehicle computing system (VCS) including a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features, a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute scripting settings to automate the remote smart device features, and a user interface of the scripting application configured to facilitate editing of scripting settings when driver workload, as determined by the VCS, is below a predetermined threshold value. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the remote smart device features include at least one of thermostat, security, and lighting features exposed by network-connected smart devices over a network accessible to the smart device interface. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the VCS further includes a smart device application configured to: provide a second user interface facilitating direct control of the remote smart device features; and utilize the smart device interface to control the remote smart device features. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the smart device application is further configured to display, in the second user interface, current status information regarding the remote smart device features in the user interface obtained using the smart device interface. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the scripting settings includes an action to be performed by the vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the scripting application is further configured to: execute the scripting setting according to vehicle information to determine whether the condition of the trigger has occurred, and perform the action by the vehicle when the condition of the trigger is met. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the VCS is further configured to send a smart device command to a smart device to cause the smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the VCS is further configured to receive a command response from the smart device indicative of a result of the action. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold value is indicative of the vehicle being parked. 10. A system comprising: a processor of a vehicle configured to enable use of an in-vehicle user interface of a scripting application according to a measure of driver workload determined by the vehicle, receive, via the user interface, an action to be performed by the vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, and store a scripting setting including the action and the trigger by the vehicle. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to: execute the scripting setting according to vehicle information to determine whether the condition of the trigger has occurred, and perform the action by the vehicle when the condition of the trigger is met. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to send a smart device command to a remote smart device to cause the remote smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to receive a command response from the remote smart device indicative of a result of the action. 14. A system comprising: a configuration server configured to: receive, via a user interface provided by the server, an action to be performed by a vehicle and a trigger specifying a condition upon which the action should be performed by the vehicle, generate a scripting setting including the action and the trigger, and provide the scripting setting over a network to the vehicle for execution. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the user interface provided by the server includes a web page. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the scripting setting is configured to be executed by the vehicle regardless of driver workload, and viewable in the user interface of the vehicle when permitted by the driver workload. 17. The system of claim 14, further comprising: a vehicle computing system (VCS) of the vehicle including a smart device interface configured to provide VCS applications with access to remote smart device features; and a scripting application configured to utilize the smart device interface to execute the scripting setting to automate at least one remote smart device feature. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the VCS is further configured to send a smart device command to a remote smart device to cause the remote smart device to perform the action of the scripting setting. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the VCS is further configured to receive a command response from the remote smart device indicative of a result of the action. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the VCS is further configured to enable use of a user interface of the scripting application according to a measure of driver workload determined by the VCS.	3,600
12,983	12,983	13,815,739	3,682	In a method for producing a transmission of a live performance of a selected behavior, a potential participant in a live performance is identified. An image of the potential applicant is posted on a website and associated with at least one behavior. One or more on-line viewers of the website then provide a contribution to a pool from which a reward is to be provided upon performance of at least one specified behavior specified. The potential participant is prompted to perform at least one specified behavior specified, and a reward is associated with each suggested behavior. A live view of a performance by the potential participant of at least one specified behavior is transmitted to the website, at which point the potential participant becomes an actual participant in the live performance. The actual participant is then provided with a reward associated with the performed specified behavior.	1. A method for producing a transmission of a live performance of a selected behavior, the method comprising the steps of: a) identifying a potential participant in a live performance, b) posting an image of the potential participant on a website, c) associating the posted image with at least one behavior, d) accepting from at least one on-line viewer of the website a contribution to a pool from which a reward is to be provided upon performance of at least one behavior specified in step c), e) suggesting to the potential participant performance of at least one behavior specified in step c) and associating a reward with each suggested behavior, f) transmitting to the website a live view of a performance by the potential participant of at least one behavior specified in step c), whereby the potential participant becomes an actual participant in the live performance, and g) providing to the actual participant of step f) a reward associated with the at least one behavior performed in step f).	In a method for producing a transmission of a live performance of a selected behavior, a potential participant in a live performance is identified. An image of the potential applicant is posted on a website and associated with at least one behavior. One or more on-line viewers of the website then provide a contribution to a pool from which a reward is to be provided upon performance of at least one specified behavior specified. The potential participant is prompted to perform at least one specified behavior specified, and a reward is associated with each suggested behavior. A live view of a performance by the potential participant of at least one specified behavior is transmitted to the website, at which point the potential participant becomes an actual participant in the live performance. The actual participant is then provided with a reward associated with the performed specified behavior.1. A method for producing a transmission of a live performance of a selected behavior, the method comprising the steps of: a) identifying a potential participant in a live performance, b) posting an image of the potential participant on a website, c) associating the posted image with at least one behavior, d) accepting from at least one on-line viewer of the website a contribution to a pool from which a reward is to be provided upon performance of at least one behavior specified in step c), e) suggesting to the potential participant performance of at least one behavior specified in step c) and associating a reward with each suggested behavior, f) transmitting to the website a live view of a performance by the potential participant of at least one behavior specified in step c), whereby the potential participant becomes an actual participant in the live performance, and g) providing to the actual participant of step f) a reward associated with the at least one behavior performed in step f).	3,600
12,984	12,984	14,515,811	3,685	A mobile terminal that includes a processor, a NFC circuit, a wireless network circuit. The processor executes a payment application in a memory to generate transaction data relating to a financial transaction. The NFC circuit receives the transaction data and encrypts the transaction data to output NFC encrypted transaction data. The wireless network circuit establishes a wireless network link with an accessory device that is separate from the mobile terminal, encrypts the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data, and transmits the combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to a financial transaction terminal. Related accessory devices are disclosed for proxy encrypted data between the mobile terminal and a financial transaction terminal.	1. A mobile terminal comprising: a processor configured to execute a payment application in a memory to generate transaction data relating to a financial transaction; a NFC circuit configured to: receive the transaction data responsive to the processor executing the payment application; and encrypt the transaction data to output NFC encrypted transaction data; a wireless network circuit configured to: establish a wireless network link with an accessory device that is separate from the mobile terminal; encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data; and transmit the combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to a financial transaction terminal. 2. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein the wireless network circuit comprises a Bluetooth circuit configured to: establish a Bluetooth link with the accessory device; encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data; and transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to the financial transaction terminal. 3. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to proxy communications between the mobile terminal and the financial transaction terminal. 4. The mobile terminal of claim 3, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to forward data received via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal to the financial transaction terminal via a NFC link between the accessory device and the financial transaction terminal, and to forward data received via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link. 5. The mobile terminal of claim 4, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to not perform NFC encryption of data received from the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link before transmission via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 6. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit is further configured to transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data by: converting the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data to a Bluetooth analog signal; modulating the Bluetooth analog signal with a Bluetooth carrier signal to generate a Bluetooth output signal; and transmitting the Bluetooth output signal via a Bluetooth antenna through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 7. The mobile terminal of claim 6, wherein: the NFC circuit is further configured to: convert the NFC encrypted transaction data to an NFC analog signal; modulate the NFC analog signal with an NFC carrier signal to generate an NFC output signal; and transmit the NFC output signal via an NFC antenna through a NFC link while the Bluetooth output signal is being transmitted by the Bluetooth circuit through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 8. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the NFC circuit is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction data as a digital serial stream to the Bluetooth circuit. 9. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the NFC circuit is disabled from transmitting the NFC encrypted transaction data through an NFC antenna while the processor is executing the payment application. 10. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit is further configured to: receive transaction response data via the Bluetooth link from the accessory device that is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the financial transaction terminal and is further encrypted by a Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device; and decrypt the transaction response data to remove the Bluetooth encryption while leaving the NFC encryption to output NFC encrypted transaction response data; the NFC circuit is further configured to: decrypt the NFC encrypted transaction response data to remove the NFC encryption to generate transaction response data; and output the transaction response data for use by the payment application. 11. An accessory device for use with a mobile terminal and a financial transaction terminal, the accessory device comprising: a wireless network circuit configured to: establish a wireless network link with the mobile terminal; receive wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data, via the wireless network link from the mobile terminal, which is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the mobile terminal and is further encrypted by a wireless network circuit of the mobile terminal; and decrypt to wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data to remove the wireless network encryption while leaving the NFC encryption by the NFC circuit of the mobile terminal to output NFC encrypted transaction data; and a NFC circuit configured to: transmit the NFC encrypted transaction data without applying further encryption to the NFC encrypted transaction data by the NFC circuit of the accessory device, via an NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 12. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein the wireless network circuit comprises a Bluetooth circuit configured to: establish a Bluetooth link with the mobile terminal; receive Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data, via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal, which is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the mobile terminal and is further encrypted by a Bluetooth circuit of the mobile terminal; and decrypt the Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data to remove the Bluetooth encryption while leaving the NFC encryption by the NFC circuit of the mobile terminal to output NFC encrypted transaction data. 13. The accessory device of claim 11, further comprising: processor that is configured to proxy communications between the mobile terminal and the financial transaction terminal. 14. The accessory device of claim 13, wherein: the processor is further configured to forward data received via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal to the financial transaction terminal via the NFC link between the accessory device and the financial transaction terminal, and to forward data received via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link. 15. The accessory device of claim 14, wherein: the NFC circuit is configured to receive the Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data at an internal node of the NFC circuit following an encryptor and before a digital-to-analog converter so that the encryptor does not operate to encrypt the data before the data is converted to an analog signal for transmission via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 16. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is configured to transmit the NFC encrypted transaction data without applying further encryption to the NFC encrypted transaction data by the NFC circuit of the accessory device, via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal, by: receiving the NFC encrypted transaction data; providing the NFC encrypted transaction data to an digital-to-analog converter by bypassing an encryptor configured to encrypt data; converting the NFC encrypted transaction data to an NFC analog signal using the digital-to-analog converter; modulating the NFC analog signal with an NFC carrier signal using a modulator to generate an NFC output signal; and transmitting the NFC output signal via an NFC antenna through the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 17. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to: receive NFC encrypted transaction response data via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal that is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the financial transaction terminal; the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device is further configured to: encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction response data to output combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data; and transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data through the Bluetooth link to the mobile terminal. 18. The accessory device of claim 17, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction response data to the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device without decrypting the NFC encrypted transaction response data. 19. The accessory device of claim 18, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction response data as a digital serial stream to the Bluetooth circuit. 20. The accessory device of claim 17, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device is further configured to transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data through the Bluetooth link to the mobile terminal, by: converting the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data to a Bluetooth analog signal; modulating the Bluetooth analog signal with a Bluetooth carrier signal to generate a Bluetooth output signal; and transmitting the Bluetooth output signal via a Bluetooth antenna through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 21. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein the accessory device comprises a user wearable accessory. 22. The accessory device of claim 21, wherein the user wearable accessory comprises a watch.	A mobile terminal that includes a processor, a NFC circuit, a wireless network circuit. The processor executes a payment application in a memory to generate transaction data relating to a financial transaction. The NFC circuit receives the transaction data and encrypts the transaction data to output NFC encrypted transaction data. The wireless network circuit establishes a wireless network link with an accessory device that is separate from the mobile terminal, encrypts the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data, and transmits the combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to a financial transaction terminal. Related accessory devices are disclosed for proxy encrypted data between the mobile terminal and a financial transaction terminal.1. A mobile terminal comprising: a processor configured to execute a payment application in a memory to generate transaction data relating to a financial transaction; a NFC circuit configured to: receive the transaction data responsive to the processor executing the payment application; and encrypt the transaction data to output NFC encrypted transaction data; a wireless network circuit configured to: establish a wireless network link with an accessory device that is separate from the mobile terminal; encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data; and transmit the combined wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to a financial transaction terminal. 2. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein the wireless network circuit comprises a Bluetooth circuit configured to: establish a Bluetooth link with the accessory device; encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction data to output combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data; and transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device for relay to the financial transaction terminal. 3. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to proxy communications between the mobile terminal and the financial transaction terminal. 4. The mobile terminal of claim 3, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to forward data received via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal to the financial transaction terminal via a NFC link between the accessory device and the financial transaction terminal, and to forward data received via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link. 5. The mobile terminal of claim 4, wherein: the processor is further configured by execution of the payment application to command the accessory device to not perform NFC encryption of data received from the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link before transmission via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 6. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit is further configured to transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data by: converting the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data to a Bluetooth analog signal; modulating the Bluetooth analog signal with a Bluetooth carrier signal to generate a Bluetooth output signal; and transmitting the Bluetooth output signal via a Bluetooth antenna through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 7. The mobile terminal of claim 6, wherein: the NFC circuit is further configured to: convert the NFC encrypted transaction data to an NFC analog signal; modulate the NFC analog signal with an NFC carrier signal to generate an NFC output signal; and transmit the NFC output signal via an NFC antenna through a NFC link while the Bluetooth output signal is being transmitted by the Bluetooth circuit through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 8. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the NFC circuit is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction data as a digital serial stream to the Bluetooth circuit. 9. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the NFC circuit is disabled from transmitting the NFC encrypted transaction data through an NFC antenna while the processor is executing the payment application. 10. The mobile terminal of claim 1, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit is further configured to: receive transaction response data via the Bluetooth link from the accessory device that is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the financial transaction terminal and is further encrypted by a Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device; and decrypt the transaction response data to remove the Bluetooth encryption while leaving the NFC encryption to output NFC encrypted transaction response data; the NFC circuit is further configured to: decrypt the NFC encrypted transaction response data to remove the NFC encryption to generate transaction response data; and output the transaction response data for use by the payment application. 11. An accessory device for use with a mobile terminal and a financial transaction terminal, the accessory device comprising: a wireless network circuit configured to: establish a wireless network link with the mobile terminal; receive wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data, via the wireless network link from the mobile terminal, which is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the mobile terminal and is further encrypted by a wireless network circuit of the mobile terminal; and decrypt to wireless network+NFC encrypted transaction data to remove the wireless network encryption while leaving the NFC encryption by the NFC circuit of the mobile terminal to output NFC encrypted transaction data; and a NFC circuit configured to: transmit the NFC encrypted transaction data without applying further encryption to the NFC encrypted transaction data by the NFC circuit of the accessory device, via an NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 12. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein the wireless network circuit comprises a Bluetooth circuit configured to: establish a Bluetooth link with the mobile terminal; receive Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data, via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal, which is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the mobile terminal and is further encrypted by a Bluetooth circuit of the mobile terminal; and decrypt the Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data to remove the Bluetooth encryption while leaving the NFC encryption by the NFC circuit of the mobile terminal to output NFC encrypted transaction data. 13. The accessory device of claim 11, further comprising: processor that is configured to proxy communications between the mobile terminal and the financial transaction terminal. 14. The accessory device of claim 13, wherein: the processor is further configured to forward data received via the Bluetooth link from the mobile terminal to the financial transaction terminal via the NFC link between the accessory device and the financial transaction terminal, and to forward data received via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal to the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth link. 15. The accessory device of claim 14, wherein: the NFC circuit is configured to receive the Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction data at an internal node of the NFC circuit following an encryptor and before a digital-to-analog converter so that the encryptor does not operate to encrypt the data before the data is converted to an analog signal for transmission via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 16. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is configured to transmit the NFC encrypted transaction data without applying further encryption to the NFC encrypted transaction data by the NFC circuit of the accessory device, via the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal, by: receiving the NFC encrypted transaction data; providing the NFC encrypted transaction data to an digital-to-analog converter by bypassing an encryptor configured to encrypt data; converting the NFC encrypted transaction data to an NFC analog signal using the digital-to-analog converter; modulating the NFC analog signal with an NFC carrier signal using a modulator to generate an NFC output signal; and transmitting the NFC output signal via an NFC antenna through the NFC link to the financial transaction terminal. 17. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to: receive NFC encrypted transaction response data via the NFC link from the financial transaction terminal that is encrypted by a NFC circuit of the financial transaction terminal; the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device is further configured to: encrypt the NFC encrypted transaction response data to output combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data; and transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data through the Bluetooth link to the mobile terminal. 18. The accessory device of claim 17, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction response data to the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device without decrypting the NFC encrypted transaction response data. 19. The accessory device of claim 18, wherein: the NFC circuit of the accessory device is further configured to output the NFC encrypted transaction response data as a digital serial stream to the Bluetooth circuit. 20. The accessory device of claim 17, wherein: the Bluetooth circuit of the accessory device is further configured to transmit the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data through the Bluetooth link to the mobile terminal, by: converting the combined Bluetooth+NFC encrypted transaction response data to a Bluetooth analog signal; modulating the Bluetooth analog signal with a Bluetooth carrier signal to generate a Bluetooth output signal; and transmitting the Bluetooth output signal via a Bluetooth antenna through the Bluetooth link to the accessory device. 21. The accessory device of claim 11, wherein the accessory device comprises a user wearable accessory. 22. The accessory device of claim 21, wherein the user wearable accessory comprises a watch.	3,600
12,985	12,985	14,733,242	3,623	Implementations of the present disclosure include methods, systems, and computer-readable storage mediums for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system. Actions include receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view including a read-only view, providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system, providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view, and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema.	1. A computer-implemented method for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the method being executed using one or more processors and comprising: receiving, by the one or more processors, a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing, by the one or more processors, one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing, by the one or more processors, one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing, by the one or more processors, the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising, for each production table that can be effected by execution of the modified database system, a respective local table and a respective write-trigger are provided. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium coupled to one or more processors and having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the operations comprising: receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 9. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 10. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein operations further comprise providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 11. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 12. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table. 14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein operations further comprise, for each production table that can be effected by execution of the modified database system, a respective local table and a respective write-trigger are provided. 15. A system, comprising: a client-side computing device; and a computer-readable storage device coupled to the client-side computing device and having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the client-side computing device, cause the client-side computing device to perform operations for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the operations comprising: receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein operations further comprise providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 19. The system of claim 15, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table.	Implementations of the present disclosure include methods, systems, and computer-readable storage mediums for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system. Actions include receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view including a read-only view, providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system, providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view, and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema.1. A computer-implemented method for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the method being executed using one or more processors and comprising: receiving, by the one or more processors, a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing, by the one or more processors, one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing, by the one or more processors, one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing, by the one or more processors, the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising, for each production table that can be effected by execution of the modified database system, a respective local table and a respective write-trigger are provided. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium coupled to one or more processors and having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the operations comprising: receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 9. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 10. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein operations further comprise providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 11. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 12. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table. 14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein operations further comprise, for each production table that can be effected by execution of the modified database system, a respective local table and a respective write-trigger are provided. 15. A system, comprising: a client-side computing device; and a computer-readable storage device coupled to the client-side computing device and having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by the client-side computing device, cause the client-side computing device to perform operations for concurrent production use of an enterprise system and testing of a modified enterprise system, the operations comprising: receiving a test schema that provides one or more application views to application tables of production data in a database, at least one application view comprising a read-only view; providing one or more local tables for local test data provided during execution of the modified enterprise system; providing one or more triggers to the at least one application view; and executing the enterprise system based on a production database schema and concurrently executing the modified enterprise system based on the test database schema. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the read-only view is accessed by the modified enterprise system to read at least a portion of the production data from a production table. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein operations further comprise providing at least one union view to write test data to a local table in union with at least a portion of the production data. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein concurrent execution of the modified enterprise system is performed without interfering with production use of the enterprise system. 19. The system of claim 15, wherein the one or more triggers comprise one or more of a write-access trigger, a read-access trigger, and an instead-of trigger. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein: if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, write-access is requested to a production table, the write-access trigger causes at least a portion of the production data to be written as test master data to a respective local table; and if, during execution of the modified enterprise system, read-access is requested to a production table, the read-access trigger causes data to be read from a local table and from a production table, and the read data is merged to the local table.	3,600
12,986	12,986	14,502,268	3,688	The disclosed embodiments include systems and methods for administering actual and virtual investment portfolios based on transaction data associated with one or more users. The disclosed embodiments may be configured to obtain first transaction data associated with a first user and identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user. The disclosed embodiments may also be configured to obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, and geographic data specifying a geographic region associated with the first user. Additionally, the disclosed embodiments may be configured to identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the obtained program and/or geographic data. The disclosed embodiments may also generate one or more first electronic instructions to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user.	1. An apparatus, comprising: a storage device; and at least one processor coupled to the storage device, the storage device storing software instructions for controlling the at least one processor when executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor is operative with the software instructions and is configured to: obtain first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user; obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the first loyalty program; identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the program data, the first securities being related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generate one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit, to the first user device, information identifying an incentive to purchase the first set of the one or more first securities, the incentive comprising at least one of a waiver of a purchase transaction fee or a reduction in a share price. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to perform processes that purchase the first set of the one or more first securities to create or modify an investment portfolio of the first user. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a point balance associated with the first loyalty program; and perform processes that increase the point balance by a value determined in accordance with one or more rules established by the first loyalty or reward program. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify, in response to the purchase of the first securities, a second loyalty program available to the first user, the second loyalty program being associated with an issuer of at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the second loyalty program to the first user device. 6. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: in response to the purchase of the first securities, generate information identifying an incentive to purchase a product associated with an issuer of at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit the generated purchase incentive information to the first user device. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the issuer at least one of manufactures the product, transports the product, or offers the product for sale; and the purchase incentive comprises a coupon redeemable at a retailer. 8. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: determine whether the investment portfolio conforms to an investment goal of the user; and perform operations that sell at least one of the purchased first securities, when the investment portfolio fails to conform to the investment goal, the investment goal comprising at least one of a cash reserve, a ratio of debt securities to equity securities, or a limit on a value of the investment portfolio. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to generate or modify at least one of a virtual investment portfolio or a watchlist for the first user, the at least one virtual investment portfolio or watchlist comprising a first simulated financial position in at least one of the one or more first securities. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: generate an incentive to purchase a product associated with an issuer of the at least one of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit the generated purchase incentive to the first user device. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein: the issuer at least one of manufactures the product, transports the product, or offers the product for sale; and the purchase incentive comprises a coupon redeemable at least one of an electronic or physical retailer. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a number of prior purchase incentives provided to the first user device in a predetermined time period; determine whether the identified number of prior purchase incentives exceeds a threshold number; and when the identified number of prior purchase incentives is determined not to exceed the threshold value, generate the one or more second electronic commands to transmit the purchase incentive to the first user device. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a first position in at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities, the first position corresponding to an investment strategy for incorporating the first set of the one or more first securities into at least one investment portfolio or watchlist; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the first position to the first user device. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a second position in at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate the one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the first and second positions to the first user device. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify at least one of an investment program or an investment offering related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the at least one investment program or offering to the first user device. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein: the investment offering comprises an initial public offering of at least one second security; and the investment program comprises a dividend reinvestment program. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain geographic data associated with the user, the geographic data specifying a geographic region associated with at least one purchase transaction initiated by the user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the program data, and the geographic data, the first securities being related to the first loyalty program, the at least one of the first products, and the geographic region. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein: the first securities comprise an debt security issued by a governmental entity associated with the geographic region; and the purchase transaction is associated with at least one of (i) a retailer disposed within the geographic region or (ii) a shipping address disposed within the geographic region. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain information indicative of an investment risk tolerance of the first user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the investment risk tolerance information. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive the investment risk tolerance from the first user device; or determine the investment risk tolerance based on an outcome of a financial investing game. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein: the first transaction data identifies at least one prior financial services transaction associated with the first user; and the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a modified investment risk tolerance in accordance with the at least one prior financial services transaction; and identify the one or more first securities based on the obtained transaction data and the modified investment risk tolerance. 22. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a plurality of candidate securities, the candidate securities being associated with corresponding issuers; determine a relationship between a first issuer of the corresponding issuers and the at least one of the first products; and select a first candidate security as one of the one or more first securities, based on the determined relationship. 23. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain second transaction data associated with one or more second users; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first and second transaction data. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to identify the one or more second users based on at least one of a familial relationship with the first user or demographic data associated with the first user, the demographic data specifying at least one of an age, an income, an education level, or a geographic location of the first user. 25. A computer-implemented method, comprising: obtaining, by one or more processors, first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user; obtaining, by the one or more processors, program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the at least one first loyalty program; identifying, by the one or more processors, one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the program data, the first securities being related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generating, by the one or more processors, one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 26. A system, comprising: a storage device; and at least one processor coupled to the storage device, the storage device storing software instructions for controlling the at least one processor when executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor being operative with the software instructions and configured to: obtain first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying purchases of one or more first products by the first user; identify geographic data associated with the first user, the geographic data specifying a geographic region corresponding to at least one of a retailer or a shipping address associated with the purchases; identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the geographic data, the first securities being related to the geographic region and at least one of the first products; and generate one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the first loyalty program; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the geographic data, and the program data, at least one of the first securities being related to the first loyalty program. 28. The system of claim 26, wherein at least one of the first securities comprises a municipal bond issued by a government entity of the geographic region. 29. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain information indicative of an investment risk tolerance of the first user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the geographic data, and the investment risk tolerance information. 30. The system of claim 29, wherein: the first transaction data identifies at least one prior financial services transaction associated with the first user; and the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a modified investment risk tolerance in accordance with the at least one prior financial services transaction; and identify the one or more first securities based on the obtained transaction data, the geographic data, and the modified investment risk tolerance.	The disclosed embodiments include systems and methods for administering actual and virtual investment portfolios based on transaction data associated with one or more users. The disclosed embodiments may be configured to obtain first transaction data associated with a first user and identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user. The disclosed embodiments may also be configured to obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, and geographic data specifying a geographic region associated with the first user. Additionally, the disclosed embodiments may be configured to identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the obtained program and/or geographic data. The disclosed embodiments may also generate one or more first electronic instructions to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user.1. An apparatus, comprising: a storage device; and at least one processor coupled to the storage device, the storage device storing software instructions for controlling the at least one processor when executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor is operative with the software instructions and is configured to: obtain first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user; obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the first loyalty program; identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the program data, the first securities being related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generate one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit, to the first user device, information identifying an incentive to purchase the first set of the one or more first securities, the incentive comprising at least one of a waiver of a purchase transaction fee or a reduction in a share price. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to perform processes that purchase the first set of the one or more first securities to create or modify an investment portfolio of the first user. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a point balance associated with the first loyalty program; and perform processes that increase the point balance by a value determined in accordance with one or more rules established by the first loyalty or reward program. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify, in response to the purchase of the first securities, a second loyalty program available to the first user, the second loyalty program being associated with an issuer of at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the second loyalty program to the first user device. 6. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: in response to the purchase of the first securities, generate information identifying an incentive to purchase a product associated with an issuer of at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit the generated purchase incentive information to the first user device. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the issuer at least one of manufactures the product, transports the product, or offers the product for sale; and the purchase incentive comprises a coupon redeemable at a retailer. 8. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: determine whether the investment portfolio conforms to an investment goal of the user; and perform operations that sell at least one of the purchased first securities, when the investment portfolio fails to conform to the investment goal, the investment goal comprising at least one of a cash reserve, a ratio of debt securities to equity securities, or a limit on a value of the investment portfolio. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to generate or modify at least one of a virtual investment portfolio or a watchlist for the first user, the at least one virtual investment portfolio or watchlist comprising a first simulated financial position in at least one of the one or more first securities. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: generate an incentive to purchase a product associated with an issuer of the at least one of the one or more first securities; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit the generated purchase incentive to the first user device. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein: the issuer at least one of manufactures the product, transports the product, or offers the product for sale; and the purchase incentive comprises a coupon redeemable at least one of an electronic or physical retailer. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a number of prior purchase incentives provided to the first user device in a predetermined time period; determine whether the identified number of prior purchase incentives exceeds a threshold number; and when the identified number of prior purchase incentives is determined not to exceed the threshold value, generate the one or more second electronic commands to transmit the purchase incentive to the first user device. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a first position in at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities, the first position corresponding to an investment strategy for incorporating the first set of the one or more first securities into at least one investment portfolio or watchlist; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the first position to the first user device. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a second position in at least one of the first set of the one or more first securities; and generate the one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the first and second positions to the first user device. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify at least one of an investment program or an investment offering related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generate one or more second electronic commands to transmit information identifying the at least one investment program or offering to the first user device. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein: the investment offering comprises an initial public offering of at least one second security; and the investment program comprises a dividend reinvestment program. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain geographic data associated with the user, the geographic data specifying a geographic region associated with at least one purchase transaction initiated by the user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the program data, and the geographic data, the first securities being related to the first loyalty program, the at least one of the first products, and the geographic region. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein: the first securities comprise an debt security issued by a governmental entity associated with the geographic region; and the purchase transaction is associated with at least one of (i) a retailer disposed within the geographic region or (ii) a shipping address disposed within the geographic region. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain information indicative of an investment risk tolerance of the first user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the investment risk tolerance information. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive the investment risk tolerance from the first user device; or determine the investment risk tolerance based on an outcome of a financial investing game. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein: the first transaction data identifies at least one prior financial services transaction associated with the first user; and the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a modified investment risk tolerance in accordance with the at least one prior financial services transaction; and identify the one or more first securities based on the obtained transaction data and the modified investment risk tolerance. 22. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: identify a plurality of candidate securities, the candidate securities being associated with corresponding issuers; determine a relationship between a first issuer of the corresponding issuers and the at least one of the first products; and select a first candidate security as one of the one or more first securities, based on the determined relationship. 23. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain second transaction data associated with one or more second users; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first and second transaction data. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to identify the one or more second users based on at least one of a familial relationship with the first user or demographic data associated with the first user, the demographic data specifying at least one of an age, an income, an education level, or a geographic location of the first user. 25. A computer-implemented method, comprising: obtaining, by one or more processors, first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying one or more first products purchased by the first user; obtaining, by the one or more processors, program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the at least one first loyalty program; identifying, by the one or more processors, one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the program data, the first securities being related to (i) the first loyalty program and (ii) at least one of the first products; and generating, by the one or more processors, one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 26. A system, comprising: a storage device; and at least one processor coupled to the storage device, the storage device storing software instructions for controlling the at least one processor when executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor being operative with the software instructions and configured to: obtain first transaction data associated with a first user, the first transaction data identifying purchases of one or more first products by the first user; identify geographic data associated with the first user, the geographic data specifying a geographic region corresponding to at least one of a retailer or a shipping address associated with the purchases; identify one or more first securities based on the first transaction data and the geographic data, the first securities being related to the geographic region and at least one of the first products; and generate one or more first electronic commands to transmit information identifying a first set of the one or more first securities to a device of the first user. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain program data identifying a first loyalty program associated with the first user, the first member being a participant in the first loyalty program; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the geographic data, and the program data, at least one of the first securities being related to the first loyalty program. 28. The system of claim 26, wherein at least one of the first securities comprises a municipal bond issued by a government entity of the geographic region. 29. The system of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: obtain information indicative of an investment risk tolerance of the first user; and identify the one or more first securities based on the first transaction data, the geographic data, and the investment risk tolerance information. 30. The system of claim 29, wherein: the first transaction data identifies at least one prior financial services transaction associated with the first user; and the at least one processor is further configured to: determine a modified investment risk tolerance in accordance with the at least one prior financial services transaction; and identify the one or more first securities based on the obtained transaction data, the geographic data, and the modified investment risk tolerance.	3,600
12,987	12,987	12,723,345	3,625	A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method occurring at a money transfer system, the method comprising: receiving a money transfer request from a requester including information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing the money transfer request to a sender, the money transfer request informing the sender of the pending transaction and requesting that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, the acceptance restricting the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction; and executing a money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred without being accessible to the requester.	1. A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method comprising: receiving, by a money transfer system, a money transfer request from a requester, the money transfer request including information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing, by the money transfer system, the money transfer request to a sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving, by the money transfer system, an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer to payment of the pending transaction; and executing, by the money transfer system, a money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 2. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: sending, by the money transfer system, a transaction identifier to the sender, wherein the transaction identifier associates the money transfer with the provider. 3. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 2, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, the transaction identifier from the provider, wherein the sender provides the transaction identifier to the provider, and wherein the transaction identifier allows the provider to gain control of the funds. 4. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: calculating, by the money transfer system, a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on one or more of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, currency conversion, transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 5. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 4, wherein the fee is applied to the money transfer by the money transfer system before the money transfer is executed, the fee being used to pay for the money transfer service. 6. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being the part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being one or more of the following: money, an additional product, and a service. 7. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 6, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value. 8. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, wherein the pending transaction includes an invoice for a product and/or a service, and wherein the money transfer request provides the sender with information about the invoice for the product and/or the service and how the funds are to be applied to the invoice thereby facilitating the sender in deciding whether to accept to provide the funds in the money transfer. 9. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 8, wherein the money transfer request is received by the money transfer system in one of the following ways: a money transfer application made over the Internet; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a mobile device, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a camera, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; and the request made in person by the requester to an agent using the money transfer system, wherein the requester provides the agent with the information about the pending transaction including information about the product and/or the service, and wherein the requester further provides the agent with the request that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the agent provides the information and the request to the money transfer system. 10. A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method comprising: receiving, by a money transfer system, a money transfer request from a requester, wherein the money transfer request comprises information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing, by the money transfer system, the money transfer request to a sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving, by the money transfer system, an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer to payment of the pending transaction; sending, by the money transfer system, a transaction identifier to the sender, wherein the transaction identifier associates the money transfer with the provider; executing, by the money transfer system, a money transfer from the sender to the provider, wherein the transaction identifier is received by the money transfer system from the provider, and wherein the money transfer occurs such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 11. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, the method further comprising: calculating, by the money transfer system, a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on any or all of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, any currency conversion, any transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 12. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 11, wherein the fee is applied to the money transfer by the money transfer system before the money transfer is executed, the fee being used to pay for the money transfer service. 13. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being the part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being any of the following: money, an additional product, a service, or any combination thereof. 14. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 13, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value. 15. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, wherein the pending transaction includes an invoice for a product and/or a service, and wherein the money transfer request provides the sender with information about the invoice for the product and/or the service and how the funds are to be applied to the invoice thereby facilitating the sender in deciding whether to accept to provide the funds in the money transfer. 16. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 15, wherein the money transfer request is received by the money transfer system in one of the following ways: a money transfer application made over the Internet; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a mobile device, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a camera, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; and the request made in person by the requester to an agent using the money transfer system, wherein the requester provides the agent with the information about the pending transaction including information about the product and/or the service and wherein the requester further provides the agent with the request that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the agent provides the information and the request to the money transfer system. 17. A system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process, the system comprising: a communication device, the communication device being used by a requester to send a money transfer request, wherein the money transfer request comprises information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; and a money transfer system in communication with the communication device, the money transfer system comprising a communication interface and a processor: wherein, the communication interface is configured to: receive the money transfer request from the communication device, provide the money transfer request to the sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, receive an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer for payment of the pending transaction, and wherein, the processor is configured to execute the money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 18. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to calculate a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on any or all of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, any currency conversion, any transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 19. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 17, wherein the communication interface is further configured to receive a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being a part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being one or more of the following: money, an additional product, and a service. 20. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 19, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value.	A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method occurring at a money transfer system, the method comprising: receiving a money transfer request from a requester including information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing the money transfer request to a sender, the money transfer request informing the sender of the pending transaction and requesting that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, the acceptance restricting the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction; and executing a money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred without being accessible to the requester.1. A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method comprising: receiving, by a money transfer system, a money transfer request from a requester, the money transfer request including information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing, by the money transfer system, the money transfer request to a sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving, by the money transfer system, an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer to payment of the pending transaction; and executing, by the money transfer system, a money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 2. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: sending, by the money transfer system, a transaction identifier to the sender, wherein the transaction identifier associates the money transfer with the provider. 3. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 2, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, the transaction identifier from the provider, wherein the sender provides the transaction identifier to the provider, and wherein the transaction identifier allows the provider to gain control of the funds. 4. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: calculating, by the money transfer system, a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on one or more of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, currency conversion, transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 5. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 4, wherein the fee is applied to the money transfer by the money transfer system before the money transfer is executed, the fee being used to pay for the money transfer service. 6. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being the part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being one or more of the following: money, an additional product, and a service. 7. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 6, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value. 8. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 1, wherein the pending transaction includes an invoice for a product and/or a service, and wherein the money transfer request provides the sender with information about the invoice for the product and/or the service and how the funds are to be applied to the invoice thereby facilitating the sender in deciding whether to accept to provide the funds in the money transfer. 9. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 8, wherein the money transfer request is received by the money transfer system in one of the following ways: a money transfer application made over the Internet; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a mobile device, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a camera, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; and the request made in person by the requester to an agent using the money transfer system, wherein the requester provides the agent with the information about the pending transaction including information about the product and/or the service, and wherein the requester further provides the agent with the request that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the agent provides the information and the request to the money transfer system. 10. A method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer, the method comprising: receiving, by a money transfer system, a money transfer request from a requester, wherein the money transfer request comprises information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; providing, by the money transfer system, the money transfer request to a sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction; receiving, by the money transfer system, an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer to payment of the pending transaction; sending, by the money transfer system, a transaction identifier to the sender, wherein the transaction identifier associates the money transfer with the provider; executing, by the money transfer system, a money transfer from the sender to the provider, wherein the transaction identifier is received by the money transfer system from the provider, and wherein the money transfer occurs such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 11. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, the method further comprising: calculating, by the money transfer system, a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on any or all of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, any currency conversion, any transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 12. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 11, wherein the fee is applied to the money transfer by the money transfer system before the money transfer is executed, the fee being used to pay for the money transfer service. 13. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, the method further comprising: receiving, by the money transfer system, a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being the part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being any of the following: money, an additional product, a service, or any combination thereof. 14. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 13, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value. 15. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 10, wherein the pending transaction includes an invoice for a product and/or a service, and wherein the money transfer request provides the sender with information about the invoice for the product and/or the service and how the funds are to be applied to the invoice thereby facilitating the sender in deciding whether to accept to provide the funds in the money transfer. 16. The method of restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer as in claim 15, wherein the money transfer request is received by the money transfer system in one of the following ways: a money transfer application made over the Internet; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a mobile device, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; a photograph of the product and/or the service taken from a camera, wherein the photograph is sent to the money transfer system along with a message requesting that the sender provide funds to pay for the product and/or the service in the photograph; and the request made in person by the requester to an agent using the money transfer system, wherein the requester provides the agent with the information about the pending transaction including information about the product and/or the service and wherein the requester further provides the agent with the request that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the agent provides the information and the request to the money transfer system. 17. A system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process, the system comprising: a communication device, the communication device being used by a requester to send a money transfer request, wherein the money transfer request comprises information about a pending transaction between the requester and a provider; and a money transfer system in communication with the communication device, the money transfer system comprising a communication interface and a processor: wherein, the communication interface is configured to: receive the money transfer request from the communication device, provide the money transfer request to the sender, wherein the money transfer request informs the sender of the pending transaction and requests that the sender provide funds for the pending transaction, receive an acceptance from the sender to perform the money transfer, wherein the money transfer provides funds for the pending transaction, and wherein the acceptance restricts the use of the funds of the money transfer for payment of the pending transaction, and wherein, the processor is configured to execute the money transfer from the sender to the provider such that the money is transferred from the sender to the provider without being accessible to the requester. 18. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to calculate a fee associated with the money transfer, wherein the fee depends on any or all of the following: the amount of funds transferred in the money transfer, any currency conversion, any transfer restrictions that are applied to the money transfer, the location that the money transfer is initiated, and the location that the money transfer is completed. 19. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 17, wherein the communication interface is further configured to receive a restriction from the sender along with the acceptance, wherein the restriction restricts the use of the funds to pay for the pending transaction, and wherein the restriction further restricts the requester's ability to exchange a product for value, the product being a part of the pending transaction that the funds paid for and the value being one or more of the following: money, an additional product, and a service. 20. The system for restricting the disbursement of funds in a money transfer process as in claim 19, wherein the restriction directs that the funds be transferred from the provider back to the sender upon the requester attempting to exchange the product for value.	3,600
12,988	12,988	14,695,902	3,689	A method and apparatus for valuing every property in a predetermined geographic region at regular intervals and storing those valuations for ready access later in a layered data stratum, using customary sources of property valuation data to create a new layers of the data stratum and using the data stored in the one or more layers of the data stratum for the creation of tables, spreadsheets and maps for evaluations of changes and trends in property valuation.	1. A computer-based method of providing valuations for each property in a predetermined geographic area comprising the steps of: evaluating with circuitry each property in said predetermined geographic area using an automated valuation model, reevaluating each property in said predetermined geographic area at predetermined time intervals using an automated valuation model, isolating properties within the predetermined geographic area that meet predetermined criteria, evaluating only said isolated properties in relation to each other, and preparing a map of said predetermined geographic area with valuation indicia thereon corresponding to the valuation of said isolated properties in said predetermined geographic area, wherein the map is color coded and interactive.	A method and apparatus for valuing every property in a predetermined geographic region at regular intervals and storing those valuations for ready access later in a layered data stratum, using customary sources of property valuation data to create a new layers of the data stratum and using the data stored in the one or more layers of the data stratum for the creation of tables, spreadsheets and maps for evaluations of changes and trends in property valuation.1. A computer-based method of providing valuations for each property in a predetermined geographic area comprising the steps of: evaluating with circuitry each property in said predetermined geographic area using an automated valuation model, reevaluating each property in said predetermined geographic area at predetermined time intervals using an automated valuation model, isolating properties within the predetermined geographic area that meet predetermined criteria, evaluating only said isolated properties in relation to each other, and preparing a map of said predetermined geographic area with valuation indicia thereon corresponding to the valuation of said isolated properties in said predetermined geographic area, wherein the map is color coded and interactive.	3,600
12,989	12,989	12,954,588	3,679	A threaded joint for joining tubes used especially in the field of OCTG (Oil Country Tubular Goods), such as pipes in gas or oil production and/or casings when drilling wells can include a pin and a coupling, or box, having an end surface not facing against any surface of the pin when the joint is made-up. The pin can have a pin threaded portion between a first sealing surface distal of the pin threaded portion and a second sealing surface proximate to the pin threaded portion. The coupling or box can have a box threaded surface between a first sealing surface and an abutment shoulder located proximate to the box threaded surface and a second sealing surface distal of the box threaded surface. Following make-up of the joint, the first sealing surfaces of the pin and box mate to form an internal metal-to-metal seal, and the second sealing surfaces of the pin and box mate to form an external metal-to-metal seal, where the internal and external seals are defined by contact between one toroidal surface and one frusto-conical surface.	1. A threaded joint for pipes, comprising: a pin and a box in the form of a coupling; the pin comprises: at least one first end portion that includes a first end surface; and a male threaded portion proximate the at least one first end portion, the box comprises: at least one second end portion including: a second end surface that does not substantially face against any surface of the pin; and a female threaded portion proximate the at least one second end portion; the male and female threaded portions configured to mate; wherein the pin comprises a first pin sealing surface on the first end portion in the vicinity of the first end surface on a first side of the male threaded portion and a second pin sealing surface proximate to a second side of the male threaded portion opposite to the first side of the male threaded portion; and wherein the box, on a first side of the female threaded portion, comprises a first box sealing surface and an abutment shoulder, configured to mate with the first pin end surface and having a second box sealing surface close to a second side of the female threaded portion opposite to the first side; wherein the first pin sealing surface is configured to mates with the first box sealing surface to form an internal metal-to-metal seal and the second pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the second box sealing surface to form an external metal-to-metal seal, wherein the internal and external seals comprise the contact of one toroidal sealing surface with one frusto-conical sealing surface. 2. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the joint comprises at least one annular groove, between the internal and external metal-to-metal seals and the male and female threaded portions. 3. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the male and female threaded portions comprise one or more hooked threads. 4. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said first pin end surface and said box abutment shoulder comprise a negative shoulder angle (α). 5. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said internal metal-to-metal seal is made by the contact between a toroidal sealing surface on the pin and a frusto-conical sealing surface on the box. 6. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said external metal-to-metal seal is made by the contact between a frusto-conical sealing surface on the pin and a toroidal sealing surface on the box. 7. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the male and female threaded portions have less than about 5 threads per inch. 8. A joint according to claim 2, wherein the annular groove volume V comprises a magnitude that varies within the range 0.1(OD)2<V<0.5(OD)2, where OD is the pipe nominal external diameter given in mm and V is given in mm3. 9. A joint according to claim 1, wherein nominal pipe wall thickness is greater than about 0.5 inches. 10. A joint according to claim 9, wherein nominal pipe wall thickness is greater than about 0.7 inches. 11. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the taper of the frusto-conical sealing surfaces of pin and box is greater than the thread taper. 12. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the toroidal sealing surfaces of pin and box is approximately 80 mm. 13. A joint according to claim 1, wherein root to crest contact is provided between box thread crest sand pin thread roots. 14. A joint according to claim 1, wherein diametrical clearance is provided between box thread roots and pin thread crests. 15. A joint according to claim 1, wherein clearance is provided between stabbing flanks after make-up within the range from 0.01 mm to 0.12 mm when measured on a projection parallel to the joint axis X. 16. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the thread stabbing flank angle is comprised between 20° and 30°. 17. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the joint threaded portions has a dope-free surface treatment 18. A threaded joint for pipes, comprising: a pin having a pin distal end with an end surface and a male threaded portion on an outer radial surface of the pin proximate the distal end, a first pin sealing surface distal of the male threaded portion and a second pin sealing surface proximal of the male threaded surface; and a box configured to mate with the pin, the box having a box distal end and a female threaded portion on an inner radial surface of the box proximate the box distal end, a first box sealing surface located proximal of the female threaded portion and a second box sealing surface located distal of the female threaded surface, wherein the first pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the first box sealing surface to form an internal metal-to-metal seal and the second pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the second box sealing surface to form an external metal-to-metal seal, each of the internal and external seals comprising the contact of one toroidal surface with one frusto-conical surface. 19. The joint of claim 18, wherein the first pin sealing surface comprises a toroidal surface and the first box sealing surface comprises a frusto-conical surface. 20. The joint of claim 18, wherein the second pin sealing surface comprises a frusto-conical surface and the second box sealing surface comprises a toroidal surface.	A threaded joint for joining tubes used especially in the field of OCTG (Oil Country Tubular Goods), such as pipes in gas or oil production and/or casings when drilling wells can include a pin and a coupling, or box, having an end surface not facing against any surface of the pin when the joint is made-up. The pin can have a pin threaded portion between a first sealing surface distal of the pin threaded portion and a second sealing surface proximate to the pin threaded portion. The coupling or box can have a box threaded surface between a first sealing surface and an abutment shoulder located proximate to the box threaded surface and a second sealing surface distal of the box threaded surface. Following make-up of the joint, the first sealing surfaces of the pin and box mate to form an internal metal-to-metal seal, and the second sealing surfaces of the pin and box mate to form an external metal-to-metal seal, where the internal and external seals are defined by contact between one toroidal surface and one frusto-conical surface.1. A threaded joint for pipes, comprising: a pin and a box in the form of a coupling; the pin comprises: at least one first end portion that includes a first end surface; and a male threaded portion proximate the at least one first end portion, the box comprises: at least one second end portion including: a second end surface that does not substantially face against any surface of the pin; and a female threaded portion proximate the at least one second end portion; the male and female threaded portions configured to mate; wherein the pin comprises a first pin sealing surface on the first end portion in the vicinity of the first end surface on a first side of the male threaded portion and a second pin sealing surface proximate to a second side of the male threaded portion opposite to the first side of the male threaded portion; and wherein the box, on a first side of the female threaded portion, comprises a first box sealing surface and an abutment shoulder, configured to mate with the first pin end surface and having a second box sealing surface close to a second side of the female threaded portion opposite to the first side; wherein the first pin sealing surface is configured to mates with the first box sealing surface to form an internal metal-to-metal seal and the second pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the second box sealing surface to form an external metal-to-metal seal, wherein the internal and external seals comprise the contact of one toroidal sealing surface with one frusto-conical sealing surface. 2. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the joint comprises at least one annular groove, between the internal and external metal-to-metal seals and the male and female threaded portions. 3. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the male and female threaded portions comprise one or more hooked threads. 4. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said first pin end surface and said box abutment shoulder comprise a negative shoulder angle (α). 5. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said internal metal-to-metal seal is made by the contact between a toroidal sealing surface on the pin and a frusto-conical sealing surface on the box. 6. A joint according to claim 1, wherein said external metal-to-metal seal is made by the contact between a frusto-conical sealing surface on the pin and a toroidal sealing surface on the box. 7. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the male and female threaded portions have less than about 5 threads per inch. 8. A joint according to claim 2, wherein the annular groove volume V comprises a magnitude that varies within the range 0.1(OD)2<V<0.5(OD)2, where OD is the pipe nominal external diameter given in mm and V is given in mm3. 9. A joint according to claim 1, wherein nominal pipe wall thickness is greater than about 0.5 inches. 10. A joint according to claim 9, wherein nominal pipe wall thickness is greater than about 0.7 inches. 11. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the taper of the frusto-conical sealing surfaces of pin and box is greater than the thread taper. 12. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the toroidal sealing surfaces of pin and box is approximately 80 mm. 13. A joint according to claim 1, wherein root to crest contact is provided between box thread crest sand pin thread roots. 14. A joint according to claim 1, wherein diametrical clearance is provided between box thread roots and pin thread crests. 15. A joint according to claim 1, wherein clearance is provided between stabbing flanks after make-up within the range from 0.01 mm to 0.12 mm when measured on a projection parallel to the joint axis X. 16. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the thread stabbing flank angle is comprised between 20° and 30°. 17. A joint according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the joint threaded portions has a dope-free surface treatment 18. A threaded joint for pipes, comprising: a pin having a pin distal end with an end surface and a male threaded portion on an outer radial surface of the pin proximate the distal end, a first pin sealing surface distal of the male threaded portion and a second pin sealing surface proximal of the male threaded surface; and a box configured to mate with the pin, the box having a box distal end and a female threaded portion on an inner radial surface of the box proximate the box distal end, a first box sealing surface located proximal of the female threaded portion and a second box sealing surface located distal of the female threaded surface, wherein the first pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the first box sealing surface to form an internal metal-to-metal seal and the second pin sealing surface is configured to mate with the second box sealing surface to form an external metal-to-metal seal, each of the internal and external seals comprising the contact of one toroidal surface with one frusto-conical surface. 19. The joint of claim 18, wherein the first pin sealing surface comprises a toroidal surface and the first box sealing surface comprises a frusto-conical surface. 20. The joint of claim 18, wherein the second pin sealing surface comprises a frusto-conical surface and the second box sealing surface comprises a toroidal surface.	3,600
12,990	12,990	14,251,439	3,675	Supported face seal assemblies and related methods are disclosed. The supported face seal assemblies have spring energized seal element supported by a backing ring. When the two components are joined, they form an interlocking face seal assembly that is less prone to separate during installation and/or service. The methods disclosed include the steps of forming a spring energized sealing element with a convex outer surface, forming a backup or support ring with a concave inner surface, assembling the sealing element into the inner bore of the backup or support ring such that the concave inner surface accepts a portion of the convex outer surface and the sealing element is retained within the backup or support ring.	1. A method for assembling an interlocking face seal assembly comprising: forming a sealing element with a convex outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; forming a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a concave inner surface; assembling the sealing element into the bore of the backup ring such that the concave inner surface accepts at least a portion of the convex outer surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring; and wherein the spring is biased against an inside surface of each of the two sealing flanges. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the convex outer surface of the sealing element comprises two tapered surfaces with an apex therebetween. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the convex outer surface of the sealing element comprises two tapered surfaces and a flat surface therebetween. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup ring comprises a first backing ring part attached to a second backing ring part. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first backing ring part is threaded to the second backing ring part. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the two sealing flanges are sealed against two stationary planar surfaces of an equipment housing that are generally parallel to one another. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the spring is a canted coil spring, a V-spring, or a ribbon spring. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the two sealing flanges define a width that is larger a width of the backing ring so that the when the interlocking face seal assembly is installed in an equipment housing, the two sealing flanges are compressed by two stationary surfaces before the backing ring is compressed by the two stationary surfaces. 9. An interlocking face seal assembly comprising: a sealing element with a convex outer surface or a concave outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a convex inner surface or a concave inner surface; whereby the concave inner surface of the backup ring accepts at least a portion of the convex outer surface of the sealing element or the convex inner surface of the backup ring accepts at least a portion of the concave outer surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring. 10. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein an outermost diameter of the sealing element is larger than an innermost diameter of backup ring. 11. The interlocking face seal assembly according to claim 9, wherein an outermost diameter of the backup ring is larger than an innermost diameter of sealing element. 12. The interlocking face seal assembly according to claim 9, whereby radial deflection of the sealing element or backup ring is required for assembly. 13. The interlocking face seal assembly according claim 9, whereby the concave surface comprises a radiused, tapered, or chamfered edge. 14. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein the spring is a canted coil spring, a V-spring, or a ribbon spring. 15. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein the backup ring comprises a first backing ring part attached to a second backing ring part. 16. A method for assembling an interlocking face seal assembly comprising: forming a sealing element with a concave outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; forming a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a convex inner surface; assembling the sealing element into the bore of the backup ring such that the concave outer surface accepts at least a portion of the convex inner surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring; and wherein the spring is biased against an inside surface of each of the two sealing flanges.	Supported face seal assemblies and related methods are disclosed. The supported face seal assemblies have spring energized seal element supported by a backing ring. When the two components are joined, they form an interlocking face seal assembly that is less prone to separate during installation and/or service. The methods disclosed include the steps of forming a spring energized sealing element with a convex outer surface, forming a backup or support ring with a concave inner surface, assembling the sealing element into the inner bore of the backup or support ring such that the concave inner surface accepts a portion of the convex outer surface and the sealing element is retained within the backup or support ring.1. A method for assembling an interlocking face seal assembly comprising: forming a sealing element with a convex outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; forming a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a concave inner surface; assembling the sealing element into the bore of the backup ring such that the concave inner surface accepts at least a portion of the convex outer surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring; and wherein the spring is biased against an inside surface of each of the two sealing flanges. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the convex outer surface of the sealing element comprises two tapered surfaces with an apex therebetween. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the convex outer surface of the sealing element comprises two tapered surfaces and a flat surface therebetween. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup ring comprises a first backing ring part attached to a second backing ring part. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first backing ring part is threaded to the second backing ring part. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the two sealing flanges are sealed against two stationary planar surfaces of an equipment housing that are generally parallel to one another. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the spring is a canted coil spring, a V-spring, or a ribbon spring. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the two sealing flanges define a width that is larger a width of the backing ring so that the when the interlocking face seal assembly is installed in an equipment housing, the two sealing flanges are compressed by two stationary surfaces before the backing ring is compressed by the two stationary surfaces. 9. An interlocking face seal assembly comprising: a sealing element with a convex outer surface or a concave outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a convex inner surface or a concave inner surface; whereby the concave inner surface of the backup ring accepts at least a portion of the convex outer surface of the sealing element or the convex inner surface of the backup ring accepts at least a portion of the concave outer surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring. 10. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein an outermost diameter of the sealing element is larger than an innermost diameter of backup ring. 11. The interlocking face seal assembly according to claim 9, wherein an outermost diameter of the backup ring is larger than an innermost diameter of sealing element. 12. The interlocking face seal assembly according to claim 9, whereby radial deflection of the sealing element or backup ring is required for assembly. 13. The interlocking face seal assembly according claim 9, whereby the concave surface comprises a radiused, tapered, or chamfered edge. 14. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein the spring is a canted coil spring, a V-spring, or a ribbon spring. 15. The interlocking face seal assembly of claim 9, wherein the backup ring comprises a first backing ring part attached to a second backing ring part. 16. A method for assembling an interlocking face seal assembly comprising: forming a sealing element with a concave outer surface and having a spring located in a spring cavity defined by two sealing flanges and a center channel section; forming a backup ring with an inner surface defining a bore, said inner surface comprising a convex inner surface; assembling the sealing element into the bore of the backup ring such that the concave outer surface accepts at least a portion of the convex inner surface of the sealing element and the sealing element is retained within the backup ring; and wherein the spring is biased against an inside surface of each of the two sealing flanges.	3,600
12,991	12,991	13,943,397	3,651	A card dispenser can include a planar sleeve, an actuator, and a lifter assembly. More specifically, the planar sleeve can be shaped to receive a plurality of cards within a card chamber. A dispense opening within the planar sleeve can be shaped to pass the plurality of cards edgewise. The actuator can extend along an edge of the planar sleeve. The actuator can be pivotable about an actuator pivot located between a retaining end and an actuation end of the actuator. The actuator pivots from a retaining position to a dispense position. The retaining position orients a card contact surface of the retaining end against the plurality of cards to prevent removal of the plurality of cards. The lifter assembly can be associated with the actuation end and can be oriented adjacent a bottom edge of the card chamber. The lifter assembly can be adapted to apply force to at least one of the plurality of cards, upon movement of the actuator to the dispense position, sufficient to dispense at least one of the plurality of cards from the dispense opening.	1. A card dispenser, comprising: a planar sleeve shaped to receive a plurality of cards within a card chamber and having a dispense opening shaped to pass the plurality of cards edgewise; an actuator extending along an edge of the planar sleeve, said actuator pivotable about an actuator pivot located between a retaining end and an actuation end of the actuator such that the actuator pivots from a retaining position to a dispense position, said retaining position orienting a card contact surface of the retaining end against the plurality of cards to prevent removal of the plurality of cards; and a lifter assembly associated with the actuation end oriented adjacent a bottom edge of the card chamber, and adapted to apply force to at least one of the plurality of cards, upon movement of the actuator to the dispense position, sufficient to dispense at least one of the plurality of cards from the dispense opening. 2. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card contact surface prevents removal of the plurality of cards in the retaining position via a mechanical interference with the plurality of cards. 3. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card contact surface prevents removal of the plurality of cards in the retaining position via a frictional interface with the plurality of cards. 4. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card chamber has a width from 4.5 cm to 6 cm, a depth from 3 mm to 10 mm, and a length from 7.5 cm to 11 cm. 5. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator is an elongate member having a non-planar inner surface which faces the card chamber such that the inner surface only contacts the plurality of cards in the retaining position at the card contact surface. 6. The card dispenser of claim 5, wherein the card contact surface is formed of a rubber, plastic, or metal material. 7. The card dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a biasing member which is operative to move the actuator into the retaining position. 8. The card dispenser of claim 7, wherein the biasing member comprises a spring loaded pin which is in contact with the actuation end of the actuator. 9. The card dispenser of claim 7, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one of a cantilever spring and a torsional spring. 10. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator further includes a finger loop proximate the retaining end opposite the card contact surface. 11. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the lifter assembly includes an elongate lifter arm which rotates about a lifter pivot from a rest position to a lift position, said lifter arm extending substantially along the bottom edge of the card chamber and oriented substantially parallel to the bottom edge in the rest position. 12. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter pivot is proximate the actuation end of the actuator and fixed relative to the card chamber, and the lifter arm includes an engagement notch which engages the actuation end to rotate the lifter arm about the lifter pivot. 13. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter arm is pivotally associated with the actuator end of the actuator to form the lifter pivot, and the bottom edge of the card chamber includes a fixed surface against which the lifter arm slides to cause pivoting about the lifter pivot. 14. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter arm includes at least one staged taper longitudinally oriented along the lifter arm spaced so as to dispense the plurality of cards at multiple distances from the card chamber. 15. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator is pivotally coupled to the lifter arm. 16. The card dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a linkage arm pivotally coupled to the actuator and the lifter arm. 17. The card dispenser of claim 16, wherein the actuator is slidable relative to the linkage arm to facilitate release of the plurality of cards prior to movement of the actuator to the dispense position. 18. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator and the lifter arm are configured to facilitate release of the plurality of cards prior to movement of the actuator to the dispense position. 19. The card dispenser of claim 1, actuator is configured to be in sliding-rotating contact with the lifter arm to cause motion of the lifter arm. 20. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the planar sleeve and the actuator are fabricated with a multi-ply construction. 21. The card dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a money clip. 22. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cards include at least one of credit card, debit card, bank card, drivers license card, discount card, group membership card, medical card and business card.	A card dispenser can include a planar sleeve, an actuator, and a lifter assembly. More specifically, the planar sleeve can be shaped to receive a plurality of cards within a card chamber. A dispense opening within the planar sleeve can be shaped to pass the plurality of cards edgewise. The actuator can extend along an edge of the planar sleeve. The actuator can be pivotable about an actuator pivot located between a retaining end and an actuation end of the actuator. The actuator pivots from a retaining position to a dispense position. The retaining position orients a card contact surface of the retaining end against the plurality of cards to prevent removal of the plurality of cards. The lifter assembly can be associated with the actuation end and can be oriented adjacent a bottom edge of the card chamber. The lifter assembly can be adapted to apply force to at least one of the plurality of cards, upon movement of the actuator to the dispense position, sufficient to dispense at least one of the plurality of cards from the dispense opening.1. A card dispenser, comprising: a planar sleeve shaped to receive a plurality of cards within a card chamber and having a dispense opening shaped to pass the plurality of cards edgewise; an actuator extending along an edge of the planar sleeve, said actuator pivotable about an actuator pivot located between a retaining end and an actuation end of the actuator such that the actuator pivots from a retaining position to a dispense position, said retaining position orienting a card contact surface of the retaining end against the plurality of cards to prevent removal of the plurality of cards; and a lifter assembly associated with the actuation end oriented adjacent a bottom edge of the card chamber, and adapted to apply force to at least one of the plurality of cards, upon movement of the actuator to the dispense position, sufficient to dispense at least one of the plurality of cards from the dispense opening. 2. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card contact surface prevents removal of the plurality of cards in the retaining position via a mechanical interference with the plurality of cards. 3. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card contact surface prevents removal of the plurality of cards in the retaining position via a frictional interface with the plurality of cards. 4. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the card chamber has a width from 4.5 cm to 6 cm, a depth from 3 mm to 10 mm, and a length from 7.5 cm to 11 cm. 5. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator is an elongate member having a non-planar inner surface which faces the card chamber such that the inner surface only contacts the plurality of cards in the retaining position at the card contact surface. 6. The card dispenser of claim 5, wherein the card contact surface is formed of a rubber, plastic, or metal material. 7. The card dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a biasing member which is operative to move the actuator into the retaining position. 8. The card dispenser of claim 7, wherein the biasing member comprises a spring loaded pin which is in contact with the actuation end of the actuator. 9. The card dispenser of claim 7, wherein the biasing member comprises at least one of a cantilever spring and a torsional spring. 10. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator further includes a finger loop proximate the retaining end opposite the card contact surface. 11. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the lifter assembly includes an elongate lifter arm which rotates about a lifter pivot from a rest position to a lift position, said lifter arm extending substantially along the bottom edge of the card chamber and oriented substantially parallel to the bottom edge in the rest position. 12. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter pivot is proximate the actuation end of the actuator and fixed relative to the card chamber, and the lifter arm includes an engagement notch which engages the actuation end to rotate the lifter arm about the lifter pivot. 13. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter arm is pivotally associated with the actuator end of the actuator to form the lifter pivot, and the bottom edge of the card chamber includes a fixed surface against which the lifter arm slides to cause pivoting about the lifter pivot. 14. The card dispenser of claim 11, wherein the lifter arm includes at least one staged taper longitudinally oriented along the lifter arm spaced so as to dispense the plurality of cards at multiple distances from the card chamber. 15. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator is pivotally coupled to the lifter arm. 16. The card dispenser of claim 15, further comprising a linkage arm pivotally coupled to the actuator and the lifter arm. 17. The card dispenser of claim 16, wherein the actuator is slidable relative to the linkage arm to facilitate release of the plurality of cards prior to movement of the actuator to the dispense position. 18. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the actuator and the lifter arm are configured to facilitate release of the plurality of cards prior to movement of the actuator to the dispense position. 19. The card dispenser of claim 1, actuator is configured to be in sliding-rotating contact with the lifter arm to cause motion of the lifter arm. 20. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the planar sleeve and the actuator are fabricated with a multi-ply construction. 21. The card dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a money clip. 22. The card dispenser of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cards include at least one of credit card, debit card, bank card, drivers license card, discount card, group membership card, medical card and business card.	3,600
12,992	12,992	14,712,169	3,683	Disclosed herein is a computer implemented scheduling method. The method comprises processing project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for work items, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; identifying from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on the number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item.	1. A computer implemented scheduling method comprising: accessing project data from computer readable storage media using a computer processor, the project data comprising: work item data defining a plurality of work items to be scheduled; resource data defining a plurality of resources; team data defining a plurality of teams, each team being associated with one or more resources and having a schedule of iterations; for each work item: processing, using the computer processor, the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; wherein the processing takes into account a constraint that limits each team of the plurality of teams to utilizing the one or more resources associated with the team as defined by the project data; identifying from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions, using the computer processor, an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on a number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item using the computer processor according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item. 2. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein an optimal scheduling solution is determined to be a team-specific scheduling solution defining a fewest number of iterations of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item. 3. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 2, wherein if multiple team-specific scheduling solutions define a same least number of iterations, the optimal scheduling solution is determined to be the team-specific scheduling solution which defines the least number of iterations and an earliest work item completion time. 4. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein processing the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for a given work item comprises, for each team available to work on the given work item, processing the project data to try and determine a team-specific scheduling solution for the given work item for that team. 5. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 4, wherein each work item comprises one or more work item activities, and wherein processing the project data to determine a team-specific scheduling solution in respect of a given work item and a given team comprises: processing the project data to determine a final assignment for each activity of the given work item, the team specific scheduling solution for the given work item comprising the final assignments for all activities of the given work item, and wherein a final assignment in respect of a particular activity of the given work item defines a sub-team of the given team and one or more iterations in which the sub-team can complete the particular activity of the given work item. 6. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 5, wherein determining a final assignment for a given activity of a given work item for a given team comprises: generating a queue of solution candidates, each solution candidate defining a sub team of the given team and one or more iterations; determining a heuristic solution quality for each solution candidate in the queue of solution candidates; selecting a current solution candidate from the queue of solution candidates, the current solution candidate being the solution candidate with athe-best heuristic solution quality; determining whether an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists; and responsive to determining that an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, determining that assignment to be the final assignment for the given activity; or responsive to determining that no assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, attempting to determine an assignment for the given activity and a different or updated solution candidate. 7. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 6, wherein the heuristic solution quality for a given solution candidate is based on the number of iterations defined by the given solution candidate and an end time of a latest iteration defined by the solution candidate. 8. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, further comprising processing the project data to identify and remove from further processing work items that cannot be scheduled. 9. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 8, wherein the project data further comprises dependency data defining one or more dependency relationships between work items, and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the dependency data to identify and remove work items with cyclic dependencies. 10. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 9, wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled further comprises identifying and removing work items which are dependent on a work item with a cyclic dependency. 11. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 8, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any work items that require at least one skill that is not held by any resource. 12. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, further comprising processing the project data to identify and remove from further processing resources that cannot contribute to completion of any work item. 13. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 12, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any resource that does not hold one or more skills required by any work item. 14. A system comprising: one or more processors; one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media storing sequences of instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: access project data from the one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media using the one or more processors, the project data comprising: work item data defining a plurality of work items to be scheduled; resource data defining a plurality of resources; team data defining a plurality of teams, each team being associated with made-up-ef-one or more resources and having a schedule of iterations; for each work item: process the project data using the one or more processors to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; wherein the processing takes into account a constraint that limits each team of the plurality of teams to utilizing the one or more resources associated with the team as defined by the project data; identify from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions using the one or more processors an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on a number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item using the one or more processors according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item. 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein an optimal scheduling solution is determined to be a team-specific scheduling solution defining a fewest number of iterations of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item. 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein if multiple team-specific scheduling solutions define a same least number of iterations, the optimal scheduling solution is determined to be the team-specific scheduling solution which defines the least number of iterations and an earliest work item completion time. 17. The system according to claim 14, wherein processing the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for a given work item comprises: for each team available to work on the given work item, processing the project data to try and determine a team-specific scheduling solution for the given work item for that team. 18. The system according to claim 17, wherein each work item comprises one or more work item activities, and wherein processing the project data to determine a team-specific scheduling solution in respect of a given work item and a given team comprises: processing the project data to determine a final assignment for each activity of the given work item, the team specific scheduling solution for the given work item comprising the final assignments for all activities of the given work item, and wherein a final assignment in respect of a particular activity of the given work item defines a sub-team of the given team and one or more iterations in which the sub-team can complete the particular activity of the given work item. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein determining a final assignment for a given activity of a given work item for a given team comprises: generating a queue of solution candidates, each solution candidate defining a sub team of the given team and one or more iterations; determining a heuristic solution quality for each solution candidate in the queue of solution candidates; selecting a current solution candidate from the queue of solution candidates, the current solution candidate being the solution candidate with a best heuristic solution quality; determining whether an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists; and responsive to determining that an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, determining that assignment to be the final assignment for the given activity; or responsive to determining that no assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, attempting to determine an assignment for the given activity and a different or updated solution candidate. 20. The system according to claim 19, wherein the heuristic solution quality for a given solution candidate is based on the number of iterations defined by the given solution candidate and an end time of a latest iteration defined by the solution candidate. 21. The system according to claim 14, wherein the sequences of instructions, when executed, further cause the one or more processors to process the project data to identify and remove from further processing work items that cannot be scheduled. 22. The system according to claim 21, wherein the project data further comprises dependency data defining one or more dependency relationships between work items, and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the dependency data to identify and remove work items with cyclic dependencies. 23. The system according to claim 22, wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled further comprises identifying and removing work items which are dependent on a work item with a cyclic dependency. 24. The system according to claim 21, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any work items that require at least one skill that is not held by any resource. 25. The system according to claim 14, wherein the sequences of instructions, when executed, further cause the one or more processors to process the project data to identify and remove from further processing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item. 26. The system according to claim 25, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any resource that does not hold one or more skills required by any work item.	Disclosed herein is a computer implemented scheduling method. The method comprises processing project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for work items, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; identifying from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on the number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item.1. A computer implemented scheduling method comprising: accessing project data from computer readable storage media using a computer processor, the project data comprising: work item data defining a plurality of work items to be scheduled; resource data defining a plurality of resources; team data defining a plurality of teams, each team being associated with one or more resources and having a schedule of iterations; for each work item: processing, using the computer processor, the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; wherein the processing takes into account a constraint that limits each team of the plurality of teams to utilizing the one or more resources associated with the team as defined by the project data; identifying from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions, using the computer processor, an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on a number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item using the computer processor according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item. 2. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein an optimal scheduling solution is determined to be a team-specific scheduling solution defining a fewest number of iterations of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item. 3. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 2, wherein if multiple team-specific scheduling solutions define a same least number of iterations, the optimal scheduling solution is determined to be the team-specific scheduling solution which defines the least number of iterations and an earliest work item completion time. 4. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein processing the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for a given work item comprises, for each team available to work on the given work item, processing the project data to try and determine a team-specific scheduling solution for the given work item for that team. 5. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 4, wherein each work item comprises one or more work item activities, and wherein processing the project data to determine a team-specific scheduling solution in respect of a given work item and a given team comprises: processing the project data to determine a final assignment for each activity of the given work item, the team specific scheduling solution for the given work item comprising the final assignments for all activities of the given work item, and wherein a final assignment in respect of a particular activity of the given work item defines a sub-team of the given team and one or more iterations in which the sub-team can complete the particular activity of the given work item. 6. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 5, wherein determining a final assignment for a given activity of a given work item for a given team comprises: generating a queue of solution candidates, each solution candidate defining a sub team of the given team and one or more iterations; determining a heuristic solution quality for each solution candidate in the queue of solution candidates; selecting a current solution candidate from the queue of solution candidates, the current solution candidate being the solution candidate with athe-best heuristic solution quality; determining whether an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists; and responsive to determining that an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, determining that assignment to be the final assignment for the given activity; or responsive to determining that no assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, attempting to determine an assignment for the given activity and a different or updated solution candidate. 7. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 6, wherein the heuristic solution quality for a given solution candidate is based on the number of iterations defined by the given solution candidate and an end time of a latest iteration defined by the solution candidate. 8. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, further comprising processing the project data to identify and remove from further processing work items that cannot be scheduled. 9. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 8, wherein the project data further comprises dependency data defining one or more dependency relationships between work items, and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the dependency data to identify and remove work items with cyclic dependencies. 10. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 9, wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled further comprises identifying and removing work items which are dependent on a work item with a cyclic dependency. 11. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 8, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any work items that require at least one skill that is not held by any resource. 12. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 1, further comprising processing the project data to identify and remove from further processing resources that cannot contribute to completion of any work item. 13. The computer implemented scheduling method according to claim 12, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any resource that does not hold one or more skills required by any work item. 14. A system comprising: one or more processors; one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media storing sequences of instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: access project data from the one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media using the one or more processors, the project data comprising: work item data defining a plurality of work items to be scheduled; resource data defining a plurality of resources; team data defining a plurality of teams, each team being associated with made-up-ef-one or more resources and having a schedule of iterations; for each work item: process the project data using the one or more processors to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item, each team specific scheduling solution for the work item defining a particular team and one or more iterations of that particular team in which the work item can be completed; wherein the processing takes into account a constraint that limits each team of the plurality of teams to utilizing the one or more resources associated with the team as defined by the project data; identify from the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions using the one or more processors an optimal scheduling solution for the work item, the optimal scheduling solution being selected based at least in part on a number of iterations defined by each of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions; and scheduling the work item using the one or more processors according to the optimal scheduling solution identified for the work item. 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein an optimal scheduling solution is determined to be a team-specific scheduling solution defining a fewest number of iterations of the one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for the work item. 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein if multiple team-specific scheduling solutions define a same least number of iterations, the optimal scheduling solution is determined to be the team-specific scheduling solution which defines the least number of iterations and an earliest work item completion time. 17. The system according to claim 14, wherein processing the project data to determine one or more team-specific scheduling solutions for a given work item comprises: for each team available to work on the given work item, processing the project data to try and determine a team-specific scheduling solution for the given work item for that team. 18. The system according to claim 17, wherein each work item comprises one or more work item activities, and wherein processing the project data to determine a team-specific scheduling solution in respect of a given work item and a given team comprises: processing the project data to determine a final assignment for each activity of the given work item, the team specific scheduling solution for the given work item comprising the final assignments for all activities of the given work item, and wherein a final assignment in respect of a particular activity of the given work item defines a sub-team of the given team and one or more iterations in which the sub-team can complete the particular activity of the given work item. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein determining a final assignment for a given activity of a given work item for a given team comprises: generating a queue of solution candidates, each solution candidate defining a sub team of the given team and one or more iterations; determining a heuristic solution quality for each solution candidate in the queue of solution candidates; selecting a current solution candidate from the queue of solution candidates, the current solution candidate being the solution candidate with a best heuristic solution quality; determining whether an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists; and responsive to determining that an assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, determining that assignment to be the final assignment for the given activity; or responsive to determining that no assignment for the given activity and current solution candidate exists, attempting to determine an assignment for the given activity and a different or updated solution candidate. 20. The system according to claim 19, wherein the heuristic solution quality for a given solution candidate is based on the number of iterations defined by the given solution candidate and an end time of a latest iteration defined by the solution candidate. 21. The system according to claim 14, wherein the sequences of instructions, when executed, further cause the one or more processors to process the project data to identify and remove from further processing work items that cannot be scheduled. 22. The system according to claim 21, wherein the project data further comprises dependency data defining one or more dependency relationships between work items, and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the dependency data to identify and remove work items with cyclic dependencies. 23. The system according to claim 22, wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled further comprises identifying and removing work items which are dependent on a work item with a cyclic dependency. 24. The system according to claim 21, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing work items that cannot be scheduled comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any work items that require at least one skill that is not held by any resource. 25. The system according to claim 14, wherein the sequences of instructions, when executed, further cause the one or more processors to process the project data to identify and remove from further processing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item. 26. The system according to claim 25, wherein the project data further comprises: work item skill data defining, for a given work item, one or more skills required in order to complete the given work item, and resource skill data further defines, for a given resource, one or more skills held by the given resource; and wherein identifying and removing resources that cannot contribute to the completion of any work item comprises processing the project data to identify and remove any resource that does not hold one or more skills required by any work item.	3,600
12,993	12,993	12,714,212	3,689	A method for providing a product use agreement. The method includes sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message that includes an address for accessing the product use agreement. The method further includes receiving, from the user, a call at the address and audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording. The pre-recorded product use agreement recording includes a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product. The method further includes receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording, and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement.	1. A method for providing a product use agreement, comprising: sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receiving, from the user, a call at the address; audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is stored on a telecommunication device of the user prior to the user ordering the product. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: presenting to the user a plurality of languages corresponding to a geographic region where the user is located, wherein the plurality of languages are obtained based on the address; and receiving, from the user, a selection of a language from the plurality of languages, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is in the selected language. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: audibly replaying at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to rewind. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: fast forwarding through at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to fast-forward. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is divided into a plurality of sections, and wherein providing the product use agreement comprises: displaying on a mobile phone of the user an icon corresponding to each section of the plurality of sections while the section is audibly played. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the user accepts the product use agreement by selecting a series of buttons. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing the acceptance, a time of the acceptance, and a time duration, wherein the time duration is an amount of time that the user listened to the product use agreement before accepting the product use agreement. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the address is a telephone number, and wherein the telecommunication device is a mobile phone. 11. A system for providing a product use agreement, comprising: a data repository comprising a pre-recorded product use agreement recording; a processor; and a product use agreement application, executing on the processor, and configured to: send, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receive a call at the address; audibly play a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receive, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and provide access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: presenting to the user a plurality of languages corresponding to a geographic region where the user is located, wherein the plurality of languages are obtained based on the address; and receiving a selection of a language from the plurality of languages, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is in the selected language. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: audibly replaying at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to rewind. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: fast forwarding through at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to fast-forward. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is divided into a plurality of sections, and wherein providing the product use agreement comprises: display on a mobile phone of the user an icon corresponding to each section of the plurality of sections while the section is audibly played. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the data repository is further configured to: store a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: store, in the data repository, the acceptance, a time of the acceptance, and a time duration, wherein the time duration is an amount of time that the user listened to the product use agreement before accepting the product use agreement. 18. A computer readable medium comprising executable instructions for providing a product use agreement, which when executed by a processor performs a method, the method comprising: sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receiving, from the user, a call at the address; audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is stored on a mobile device of the user prior to the user ordering the product. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein the method further comprises: storing a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement.	A method for providing a product use agreement. The method includes sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message that includes an address for accessing the product use agreement. The method further includes receiving, from the user, a call at the address and audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording. The pre-recorded product use agreement recording includes a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product. The method further includes receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording, and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement.1. A method for providing a product use agreement, comprising: sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receiving, from the user, a call at the address; audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is stored on a telecommunication device of the user prior to the user ordering the product. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: presenting to the user a plurality of languages corresponding to a geographic region where the user is located, wherein the plurality of languages are obtained based on the address; and receiving, from the user, a selection of a language from the plurality of languages, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is in the selected language. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: audibly replaying at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to rewind. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: fast forwarding through at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to fast-forward. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is divided into a plurality of sections, and wherein providing the product use agreement comprises: displaying on a mobile phone of the user an icon corresponding to each section of the plurality of sections while the section is audibly played. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the user accepts the product use agreement by selecting a series of buttons. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing the acceptance, a time of the acceptance, and a time duration, wherein the time duration is an amount of time that the user listened to the product use agreement before accepting the product use agreement. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the address is a telephone number, and wherein the telecommunication device is a mobile phone. 11. A system for providing a product use agreement, comprising: a data repository comprising a pre-recorded product use agreement recording; a processor; and a product use agreement application, executing on the processor, and configured to: send, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receive a call at the address; audibly play a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receive, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and provide access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: presenting to the user a plurality of languages corresponding to a geographic region where the user is located, wherein the plurality of languages are obtained based on the address; and receiving a selection of a language from the plurality of languages, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is in the selected language. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: audibly replaying at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to rewind. 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: fast forwarding through at least a portion of the pre-recorded product use agreement recording in response to a request from the user to fast-forward. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is divided into a plurality of sections, and wherein providing the product use agreement comprises: display on a mobile phone of the user an icon corresponding to each section of the plurality of sections while the section is audibly played. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein the data repository is further configured to: store a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the product use agreement is further configured to: store, in the data repository, the acceptance, a time of the acceptance, and a time duration, wherein the time duration is an amount of time that the user listened to the product use agreement before accepting the product use agreement. 18. A computer readable medium comprising executable instructions for providing a product use agreement, which when executed by a processor performs a method, the method comprising: sending, to a user in response to a request for a product, a message comprising an address for accessing the product use agreement; receiving, from the user, a call at the address; audibly playing, to the user, a pre-recorded product use agreement recording, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording comprises a legal agreement for using the product between the user and a business entity providing the product; receiving, from the user, acceptance of the product use agreement based on the pre-recorded product use agreement recording; and providing access to the product based on acceptance of the product use agreement. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein the pre-recorded product use agreement recording is stored on a mobile device of the user prior to the user ordering the product. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 18, wherein the method further comprises: storing a recording of the user speaking the acceptance of the product use agreement.	3,600
12,994	12,994	14,183,297	3,646	A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System includes a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs). Each of the plurality of OAAUs is operable to receive a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites and operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs. The system also includes a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at a Remote location. The plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from a plurality of local HUBs. The system further includes an algorithm to delay each individual GPS satellite signal to provide indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs.	1. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), each of the plurality of OAAUs operable to receive a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites and operable to route signals optically to one or more local HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from one or more of the plurality of local HUBs; and a delay unit operable to delay GPS satellite signal to provide indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the delay unit includes an algorithm to delay each individual GPS satellite signal. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of local HUBs are coupled via at least one of a Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, or Wireless Link. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of OAAUs are connected to a plurality of HUBs via at least one of Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, RF Cable or Wireless Link. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein the OAAUs are Multiple Input Off-Air Access Units. 6. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), each of the plurality of OAAUs: being connected together via a daisy chain configuration; receiving a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites; and being operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at one or more Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from a plurality of local HUBs; and a delay block operable to delay the GPS signal. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein the delay block includes an algorithm operable to delay each individual GPS satellite signal for providing indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs. 8. The system of claim 6 wherein the plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs) are coupled via at least one of Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, RF Cable or Wireless Link. 9. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), receiving a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites, and operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at one or more Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from one or more of a plurality of local HUBs; a de-multiplexer to extract one of the GPS satellite signals and time delay it at each of the plurality of RUs; and an algorithm for determining the delay at each of the plurality of RUs to provide indoor localization.	A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System includes a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs). Each of the plurality of OAAUs is operable to receive a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites and operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs. The system also includes a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at a Remote location. The plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from a plurality of local HUBs. The system further includes an algorithm to delay each individual GPS satellite signal to provide indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs.1. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), each of the plurality of OAAUs operable to receive a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites and operable to route signals optically to one or more local HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from one or more of the plurality of local HUBs; and a delay unit operable to delay GPS satellite signal to provide indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the delay unit includes an algorithm to delay each individual GPS satellite signal. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of local HUBs are coupled via at least one of a Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, or Wireless Link. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of OAAUs are connected to a plurality of HUBs via at least one of Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, RF Cable or Wireless Link. 5. The system of claim 1 wherein the OAAUs are Multiple Input Off-Air Access Units. 6. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), each of the plurality of OAAUs: being connected together via a daisy chain configuration; receiving a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites; and being operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at one or more Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from a plurality of local HUBs; and a delay block operable to delay the GPS signal. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein the delay block includes an algorithm operable to delay each individual GPS satellite signal for providing indoor localization at each of the plurality of RUs. 8. The system of claim 6 wherein the plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs) are coupled via at least one of Ethernet cable, Optical Fiber, RF Cable or Wireless Link. 9. A system for indoor localization using GPS signals in a Distributed Antenna System, the system comprising: a plurality of Off-Air Access Units (OAAUs), receiving a GPS signal from at least one of a plurality of GPS satellites, and operable to route signals optically to one or more HUBs; a plurality of remote units (RUs) located at one or more Remote locations, wherein the plurality of RUs are operable to receive signals from one or more of a plurality of local HUBs; a de-multiplexer to extract one of the GPS satellite signals and time delay it at each of the plurality of RUs; and an algorithm for determining the delay at each of the plurality of RUs to provide indoor localization.	3,600
12,995	12,995	14,627,033	3,693	Computer systems and methods compute the value of an investment manager's incentive compensation. The investment fund that the manager provides management services to issues shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares. The common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund, but the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses of the investment fund. The fund also issues fund alignment rights to the manager as the incentive compensation. At the close of a valuation period, a host computer system computes (i) the share NAV for the common class shares, (ii) the share NAV for the restricted class shares, (iii) the spread for the fund alignment rights, and (iv) the value of the fund alignment rights. A web server of the host computer system hosts a webpage, accessible to the investment fund via an electronic communication network that posts the computed values.	1. A method comprising: receiving, via an electronic data communications network, by a host computer system from an investment fund computer system, following a close of a valuation time period, fund growth data indicative of fund growth over the valuation time period by an investment fund associated with the investment fund computer system, wherein: the investment fund is an eligible issuer of service recipient stock; prior to the close of the valuation time period, the investment fund issued shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares separately to investors in the investment fund, wherein each investor makes a contribution of a contribution amount to the investment fund; the common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; and at issuance of the common and restricted class shares to each investor, the value of the common and restricted class shares collectively equals the contribution amount for that investor; computing, by an application server of the host computer system, a share Net Asset Value (NAV) of for the common class shares and the restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors, wherein: the host computer system comprises a data store that stores data indicative of the number of common class shares and restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the share NAV of the common class shares is computed based on the fund growth data; and the share NAV of the restricted class shares is computed as the lesser of (a) the share NAV of the common class shares and (b) a maximum restricted class NAV; computing, by the application server of the host computer system, a spread for fund alignment rights issued to a manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation for managing the investment fund, wherein: the manager is issued fund alignment rights that equal in number the number of restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the fund alignment rights have an underlying stock that is a share of the common class shares, such that compensation payable to the manager upon exercise of a fund alignment right is not greater than an excess of a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date of exercise of the fund alignment right over a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; each fund alignment rights has an adjustable strike price that is not less than the fair market value of a share of the common class share on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; computing the spread per fund alignment right comprises computing a difference between the share NAV of the common class shares and a current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; and the data store stores data indicative of the current value of the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights; authenticating, by an authentication server of the host computer system, user access to the host computer system; and hosting, by a web server of the host computer system, a website accessible via the electronic data communications network by an authenticated user of the investment fund computer system, authenticated by the authentication server, wherein the website posts the share NAV of the common class shares and the spread per fund alignment right for each fund alignment right issued to the manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum restricted class NAV is the NAV of the restricted class shares at a date of issuance of the restricted class shares. 3. The method of claim 1: further comprising computing, by the application server, a fair value for each fund alignment rights using an option valuation model; and wherein hosting the website further comprises posting the fund alignment right fair values on the website. 4. The method of claim 1: further comprising updating by the application server the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights upon an investor in the investment fund redeeming one or more common class shares; and wherein computing the spread for a fund alignment right comprises using the updated, adjustable strike. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value options with respect to the common class shares. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value stock appreciation rights with respect to the common class shares. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the investment fund comprises an investment fund selected from the group consisting of a hedge fund, a private equity fund, a private long only fund, and a closed-end 40 Act fund. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the investment fund is a private equity fund having a plurality of private equity deals managed by the manager, each of the plurality of private equity deals having a hurdle rate; the investment fund issues the manager a fund alignment right for each of the plurality of private equity deals; and an initial adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights is the FMV of the underlying shares at grant of the fund alignment rights plus the hurdle rate for the associated private equity deal. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising computing by the application server an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights following realization of one of the private equity deals. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices comprises reducing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being greater than the hurdle rate for the deal. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices comprises increasing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being a loss. 12. A computer system comprising: an investment fund computer system; a host computer system in communication with the investment fund computer system via an electronic data communications network, wherein the host computer system comprises: a web server; an authentication server; and an application server, wherein the application server is for: receiving, via an electronic data communications network, from the investment fund computer system, fund growth data indicative of fund growth over a time period by an investment fund associated with the investment fund computer system, wherein; the investment fund is an eligible issuer of service recipient stock; prior to the close of the valuation time period, the investment fund issued shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares separately to investors in the investment fund, wherein each investor makes a contribution of a contribution amount to the investment fund; the common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; and at issuance of the common and restricted class shares to each investor, the value of the common and restricted class shares collectively equals the contribution amount for that investor; computing a Net Asset Value (NAV) of a share of the common class shares issued by the investment fund, wherein: the host computer system comprises a data store that stores data indicative of the number of common class shares and restricted class shares issued by the investment fund; the NAV of a share of the common class shares is computed based on the fund growth data; and the NAV of a share of the restricted class shares is computed as the lesser of (a) the NAV of a share of the common class shares and (b) a maximum restricted class NAV; computing a spread for fund alignments right issued to a manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation for managing the investment fund, wherein: the manager is issued fund alignment rights that equal in number the number of restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the fund alignment rights have any underlying stock that is a share of common class shares, such that compensation payable to the manager upon exercise of a fund alignment right is not greater than an excess of a fair market value of a common class share on the date of exercise over a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; each fund alignment rights has an adjustable strike price that is not less than the fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; computing the spread per fund alignment right comprises computing a difference between the NAV of a share of the common class shares and a current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; the data store stores data indicative of the current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; wherein the authentication server is for authenticating user access to the host computer system; and wherein the web server is for hosting a website accessible via the electronic data communications network by an authenticated user of the investment fund computer system, authenticated by the authentication server, wherein the website posts the NAV of a share of the common class shares and the spread per fund alignment right for each fund alignment right issued to the manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation. 13. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the maximum restricted class NAV is the NAV of the restricted class shares at a date of issuance of the restricted class shares. 14. The computer system of claim 12, wherein: the application server is further for computing a fair value for each fund alignment rights using an option valuation model; and the website hosted by the web server further comprises posting the fund alignment right fair values on the website. 15. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the application server further computes the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights upon an investor in the investment fund redeeming one or more common class shares, and uses the updated, adjustable strike price to compute the spread for a fund alignment right. 16. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value options with respect to the common class shares. 17. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value stock appreciation rights with respect to the common class shares. 18. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the investment fund comprises an investment fund selected from the group consisting of a hedge fund, a private equity fund, a private long only fund, and a closed-end 40 Act fund. 19. The computer system of claim 12, wherein: the investment fund is a private equity fund having a plurality of private equity deals managed by the manager, each of the plurality of private equity deals having a hurdle rate; the investment fund issues the manager a fund alignment right for each of the plurality of private equity deals; and an initial adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights is the FMV of the underlying shares at grant of the fund alignment rights plus the hurdle rate for the associated private equity deal. 20. The computer system of claim 19, wherein the application server further is for computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights following realization of one of the private equity deals. 21. The computer system of claim 20, wherein the application server computes an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices by reducing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being greater than the hurdle rate for the deal. 22. The computer system of claim 20, wherein the application server computes an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices by increasing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being a loss.	Computer systems and methods compute the value of an investment manager's incentive compensation. The investment fund that the manager provides management services to issues shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares. The common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund, but the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses of the investment fund. The fund also issues fund alignment rights to the manager as the incentive compensation. At the close of a valuation period, a host computer system computes (i) the share NAV for the common class shares, (ii) the share NAV for the restricted class shares, (iii) the spread for the fund alignment rights, and (iv) the value of the fund alignment rights. A web server of the host computer system hosts a webpage, accessible to the investment fund via an electronic communication network that posts the computed values.1. A method comprising: receiving, via an electronic data communications network, by a host computer system from an investment fund computer system, following a close of a valuation time period, fund growth data indicative of fund growth over the valuation time period by an investment fund associated with the investment fund computer system, wherein: the investment fund is an eligible issuer of service recipient stock; prior to the close of the valuation time period, the investment fund issued shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares separately to investors in the investment fund, wherein each investor makes a contribution of a contribution amount to the investment fund; the common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; and at issuance of the common and restricted class shares to each investor, the value of the common and restricted class shares collectively equals the contribution amount for that investor; computing, by an application server of the host computer system, a share Net Asset Value (NAV) of for the common class shares and the restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors, wherein: the host computer system comprises a data store that stores data indicative of the number of common class shares and restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the share NAV of the common class shares is computed based on the fund growth data; and the share NAV of the restricted class shares is computed as the lesser of (a) the share NAV of the common class shares and (b) a maximum restricted class NAV; computing, by the application server of the host computer system, a spread for fund alignment rights issued to a manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation for managing the investment fund, wherein: the manager is issued fund alignment rights that equal in number the number of restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the fund alignment rights have an underlying stock that is a share of the common class shares, such that compensation payable to the manager upon exercise of a fund alignment right is not greater than an excess of a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date of exercise of the fund alignment right over a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; each fund alignment rights has an adjustable strike price that is not less than the fair market value of a share of the common class share on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; computing the spread per fund alignment right comprises computing a difference between the share NAV of the common class shares and a current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; and the data store stores data indicative of the current value of the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights; authenticating, by an authentication server of the host computer system, user access to the host computer system; and hosting, by a web server of the host computer system, a website accessible via the electronic data communications network by an authenticated user of the investment fund computer system, authenticated by the authentication server, wherein the website posts the share NAV of the common class shares and the spread per fund alignment right for each fund alignment right issued to the manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum restricted class NAV is the NAV of the restricted class shares at a date of issuance of the restricted class shares. 3. The method of claim 1: further comprising computing, by the application server, a fair value for each fund alignment rights using an option valuation model; and wherein hosting the website further comprises posting the fund alignment right fair values on the website. 4. The method of claim 1: further comprising updating by the application server the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights upon an investor in the investment fund redeeming one or more common class shares; and wherein computing the spread for a fund alignment right comprises using the updated, adjustable strike. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value options with respect to the common class shares. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value stock appreciation rights with respect to the common class shares. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the investment fund comprises an investment fund selected from the group consisting of a hedge fund, a private equity fund, a private long only fund, and a closed-end 40 Act fund. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the investment fund is a private equity fund having a plurality of private equity deals managed by the manager, each of the plurality of private equity deals having a hurdle rate; the investment fund issues the manager a fund alignment right for each of the plurality of private equity deals; and an initial adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights is the FMV of the underlying shares at grant of the fund alignment rights plus the hurdle rate for the associated private equity deal. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising computing by the application server an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights following realization of one of the private equity deals. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices comprises reducing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being greater than the hurdle rate for the deal. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices comprises increasing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being a loss. 12. A computer system comprising: an investment fund computer system; a host computer system in communication with the investment fund computer system via an electronic data communications network, wherein the host computer system comprises: a web server; an authentication server; and an application server, wherein the application server is for: receiving, via an electronic data communications network, from the investment fund computer system, fund growth data indicative of fund growth over a time period by an investment fund associated with the investment fund computer system, wherein; the investment fund is an eligible issuer of service recipient stock; prior to the close of the valuation time period, the investment fund issued shares of service recipient stock comprising common class shares and restricted class shares separately to investors in the investment fund, wherein each investor makes a contribution of a contribution amount to the investment fund; the common class shares participate fully in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; the restricted class shares do not participate in profits and losses, after expenses, of the investment fund; and at issuance of the common and restricted class shares to each investor, the value of the common and restricted class shares collectively equals the contribution amount for that investor; computing a Net Asset Value (NAV) of a share of the common class shares issued by the investment fund, wherein: the host computer system comprises a data store that stores data indicative of the number of common class shares and restricted class shares issued by the investment fund; the NAV of a share of the common class shares is computed based on the fund growth data; and the NAV of a share of the restricted class shares is computed as the lesser of (a) the NAV of a share of the common class shares and (b) a maximum restricted class NAV; computing a spread for fund alignments right issued to a manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation for managing the investment fund, wherein: the manager is issued fund alignment rights that equal in number the number of restricted class shares issued by the investment fund to the investors; the fund alignment rights have any underlying stock that is a share of common class shares, such that compensation payable to the manager upon exercise of a fund alignment right is not greater than an excess of a fair market value of a common class share on the date of exercise over a fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; each fund alignment rights has an adjustable strike price that is not less than the fair market value of a share of the common class shares on the date the fund alignment right was issued to the manager; computing the spread per fund alignment right comprises computing a difference between the NAV of a share of the common class shares and a current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; the data store stores data indicative of the current value of the adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights; wherein the authentication server is for authenticating user access to the host computer system; and wherein the web server is for hosting a website accessible via the electronic data communications network by an authenticated user of the investment fund computer system, authenticated by the authentication server, wherein the website posts the NAV of a share of the common class shares and the spread per fund alignment right for each fund alignment right issued to the manager of the investment fund as incentive compensation. 13. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the maximum restricted class NAV is the NAV of the restricted class shares at a date of issuance of the restricted class shares. 14. The computer system of claim 12, wherein: the application server is further for computing a fair value for each fund alignment rights using an option valuation model; and the website hosted by the web server further comprises posting the fund alignment right fair values on the website. 15. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the application server further computes the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights upon an investor in the investment fund redeeming one or more common class shares, and uses the updated, adjustable strike price to compute the spread for a fund alignment right. 16. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value options with respect to the common class shares. 17. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the fund alignment rights comprise fair market value stock appreciation rights with respect to the common class shares. 18. The computer system of claim 12, wherein the investment fund comprises an investment fund selected from the group consisting of a hedge fund, a private equity fund, a private long only fund, and a closed-end 40 Act fund. 19. The computer system of claim 12, wherein: the investment fund is a private equity fund having a plurality of private equity deals managed by the manager, each of the plurality of private equity deals having a hurdle rate; the investment fund issues the manager a fund alignment right for each of the plurality of private equity deals; and an initial adjustable strike price for the fund alignment rights is the FMV of the underlying shares at grant of the fund alignment rights plus the hurdle rate for the associated private equity deal. 20. The computer system of claim 19, wherein the application server further is for computing an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices for the fund alignment rights following realization of one of the private equity deals. 21. The computer system of claim 20, wherein the application server computes an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices by reducing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being greater than the hurdle rate for the deal. 22. The computer system of claim 20, wherein the application server computes an adjustment for the adjustable strike prices by increasing a current value of the adjustable strike price upon the deal realization being a loss.	3,600
12,996	12,996	11,132,906	3,685	A method, system and apparatus for inter-parties network computing. A policy management method can include establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to the content recipient and content provider. The method further can include enforcing the policy terms externally to the content recipient and content provider for content provided by the content provider for receipt by the content recipient. Notably, the establishing step can include mapping the selected preferences to the set of policy terms. The establishing step also can include exposing an interface to the content recipient, and accepting the selected preferences through the interface.	1. An inter-parties network comprising: a plurality of content providers communicatively coupled to a plurality of content recipients; and, a site policy administrative agent disposed in a communications path between said content providers and content recipients, said site policy administrative agent having programming logic to administer site policies on behalf of said content providers and to enforce said site policies on behalf of said content recipients. 2. The network of claim 1, further comprising an interface to said site policy administrative agent, said interface providing access to modify said site policy. 3. The network of claim 1, further comprising a mapping of recipient preferences selected by said recipients to terms of said site policies. 4. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise specified content deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 5. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise a specified classification of content deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 6. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise specified providers from whom content is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 7. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise a specified classification of content providers from whom content is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 8. A policy management method for inter-parties network computing, the method comprising the steps of: establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to said content recipient and content provider; and, enforcing said policy terms externally to said content recipient and content provider for content provided by said content provider for receipt by said content recipient. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of mapping said selected preferences to said set of policy terms. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the steps of: exposing an interface to said content recipient; and, accepting said selected preferences through said interface. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content which is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content provider from whom content is to be deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of tuning said preferences responsive to receiving content by said content provider. 14. A machine readable storage having stored thereon a computer program for policy management for inter-parties network computing, the computer program comprising a routine set of instructions which when executed by a machine causes the machine to perform the steps of: establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to said content recipient and content provider; and, enforcing said policy terms externally to said content recipient and content provider for content provided by said content provider for receipt by said content recipient. 15. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of mapping said selected preferences to said set of policy terms. 16. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the steps of: exposing an interface to said content recipient; and, accepting said selected preferences through said interface. 17. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content which is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 18. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content provider from whom content is to be deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 19. The machine readable storage of claim 14, further comprising an additional set of instructions which when executed by the machine causes the machine to further perform the step of tuning said preferences responsive to receiving content by said content provider.	A method, system and apparatus for inter-parties network computing. A policy management method can include establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to the content recipient and content provider. The method further can include enforcing the policy terms externally to the content recipient and content provider for content provided by the content provider for receipt by the content recipient. Notably, the establishing step can include mapping the selected preferences to the set of policy terms. The establishing step also can include exposing an interface to the content recipient, and accepting the selected preferences through the interface.1. An inter-parties network comprising: a plurality of content providers communicatively coupled to a plurality of content recipients; and, a site policy administrative agent disposed in a communications path between said content providers and content recipients, said site policy administrative agent having programming logic to administer site policies on behalf of said content providers and to enforce said site policies on behalf of said content recipients. 2. The network of claim 1, further comprising an interface to said site policy administrative agent, said interface providing access to modify said site policy. 3. The network of claim 1, further comprising a mapping of recipient preferences selected by said recipients to terms of said site policies. 4. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise specified content deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 5. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise a specified classification of content deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 6. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise specified providers from whom content is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 7. The network of claim 3, wherein said recipient preferences comprise a specified classification of content providers from whom content is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received. 8. A policy management method for inter-parties network computing, the method comprising the steps of: establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to said content recipient and content provider; and, enforcing said policy terms externally to said content recipient and content provider for content provided by said content provider for receipt by said content recipient. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of mapping said selected preferences to said set of policy terms. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the steps of: exposing an interface to said content recipient; and, accepting said selected preferences through said interface. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content which is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content provider from whom content is to be deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of tuning said preferences responsive to receiving content by said content provider. 14. A machine readable storage having stored thereon a computer program for policy management for inter-parties network computing, the computer program comprising a routine set of instructions which when executed by a machine causes the machine to perform the steps of: establishing a set of policy terms for receiving content from a content provider based upon preferences selected by a content recipient externally to said content recipient and content provider; and, enforcing said policy terms externally to said content recipient and content provider for content provided by said content provider for receipt by said content recipient. 15. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of mapping said selected preferences to said set of policy terms. 16. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the steps of: exposing an interface to said content recipient; and, accepting said selected preferences through said interface. 17. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content which is deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 18. The machine readable storage of claim 14, wherein said establishing step comprises the step of specifying a class of content provider from whom content is to be deemed one of permissible and impermissible to be received by said content recipient. 19. The machine readable storage of claim 14, further comprising an additional set of instructions which when executed by the machine causes the machine to further perform the step of tuning said preferences responsive to receiving content by said content provider.	3,600
12,997	12,997	13,399,263	3,633	Apparatuses for adding coverings such as, but not limited to, roof lines are generally disclosed.	1. An apparatus for providing an elevated roof over an existing roof of a structure, the apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end and the base configured to attach to a component of the structure through the existing roof proximate to a leading edge of the elevated roof. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the component comprises a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component configured to support the existing roof. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 8. A system for providing a covering, the system comprising: an existing roof, the existing roof disposed over a structure and having an eave; and an elevated roof disposed on the existing roof, the elevated roof having a leading edge, the leading edge extending beyond the eave of the existing roof to facilitate coverage of a predetermined distance beyond the eave of the existing roof, wherein the elevated roof is disposed on the existing roof via an apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a member in a substantially perpendicular orientation to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end and the base configured to attach to a component of the structure through the existing roof proximate to a leading edge of the elevated roof. 8. The system of claim 8, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the elevated roof comprises an elevated roof having a cross beam along a trailing edge of the elevated roof. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 13. The system of claim 8 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof.	Apparatuses for adding coverings such as, but not limited to, roof lines are generally disclosed.1. An apparatus for providing an elevated roof over an existing roof of a structure, the apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end and the base configured to attach to a component of the structure through the existing roof proximate to a leading edge of the elevated roof. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the component comprises a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component configured to support the existing roof. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 8. A system for providing a covering, the system comprising: an existing roof, the existing roof disposed over a structure and having an eave; and an elevated roof disposed on the existing roof, the elevated roof having a leading edge, the leading edge extending beyond the eave of the existing roof to facilitate coverage of a predetermined distance beyond the eave of the existing roof, wherein the elevated roof is disposed on the existing roof via an apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a member in a substantially perpendicular orientation to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end and the base configured to attach to a component of the structure through the existing roof proximate to a leading edge of the elevated roof. 8. The system of claim 8, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the elevated roof comprises an elevated roof having a cross beam along a trailing edge of the elevated roof. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 13. The system of claim 8 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof.	3,600
12,998	12,998	14,592,796	3,627	Systems and methods are shown for multi-book accounting involving first and second accounting books, processing real-time transactions received through a network by applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the real-time transactions to produce the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to the second accounting book to the real-time transaction to produce the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules. A user interface provides real-time access to the first and second accounting books. A user may define the second set of accounting rules and book specific attributes in the general ledger to produce the second accounting book.	1. An automatic real-time multi-book accounting system comprising: at least one storage device having a first accounting book and a second accounting book stored therein; at least one server device coupled to the storage device, the server device being configured to receive real-time transactions through a network and process each real-time transaction by: splitting the real-time transactions into book generic attributes and book specific attributes; applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the book generic attributes and storing the result in the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to the second accounting book to the book specific attributes and storing the result in the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules; and a user interface configured to provide real-time access to at least one of the first and second accounting books. 2. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting system of claim 1, wherein the second set of accounting rules includes a definition of one or more of the book specific attributes and the server device is further configured to apply the second set of accounting rules to the real-time transaction if the real-time transaction relates to one of the book specific attributes. 3. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting system of claim 2, wherein the user interface is further configured to permit a user to define the book specific attributes and the second set of accounting rules. 4-10. (canceled) 11. An automatic real-time multi-book accounting method, the method comprising: storing a first accounting book and a second accounting book; receiving real-time transactions and process each real-time transaction by: splitting the real-time transactions into book generic attributes and book specific attributes; applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the book generic attributes and storing the result in the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to a second accounting book to the book specific attributes and storing the result in the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules; and providing real-time user access to at least one of the first and second accounting books. 12. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting method of claim 11, wherein the second set of accounting rules includes a definition of one or more of the book specific attributes and the step of applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to a second accounting book to the real-time transaction and storing the result in the second accounting book further comprises applying the second set of accounting rules to the real-time transaction if the real-time transaction relates to one of the book specific attributes. 13. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting method of claim 12, the method further comprising permitting a user to define the book specific attributes and the second set of accounting rules. 14-21. (canceled)	Systems and methods are shown for multi-book accounting involving first and second accounting books, processing real-time transactions received through a network by applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the real-time transactions to produce the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to the second accounting book to the real-time transaction to produce the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules. A user interface provides real-time access to the first and second accounting books. A user may define the second set of accounting rules and book specific attributes in the general ledger to produce the second accounting book.1. An automatic real-time multi-book accounting system comprising: at least one storage device having a first accounting book and a second accounting book stored therein; at least one server device coupled to the storage device, the server device being configured to receive real-time transactions through a network and process each real-time transaction by: splitting the real-time transactions into book generic attributes and book specific attributes; applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the book generic attributes and storing the result in the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to the second accounting book to the book specific attributes and storing the result in the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules; and a user interface configured to provide real-time access to at least one of the first and second accounting books. 2. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting system of claim 1, wherein the second set of accounting rules includes a definition of one or more of the book specific attributes and the server device is further configured to apply the second set of accounting rules to the real-time transaction if the real-time transaction relates to one of the book specific attributes. 3. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting system of claim 2, wherein the user interface is further configured to permit a user to define the book specific attributes and the second set of accounting rules. 4-10. (canceled) 11. An automatic real-time multi-book accounting method, the method comprising: storing a first accounting book and a second accounting book; receiving real-time transactions and process each real-time transaction by: splitting the real-time transactions into book generic attributes and book specific attributes; applying a first set of accounting rules corresponding to the first accounting book to the book generic attributes and storing the result in the first accounting book, and applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to a second accounting book to the book specific attributes and storing the result in the second accounting book, where the second set of accounting rules differs from the first set of accounting rules; and providing real-time user access to at least one of the first and second accounting books. 12. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting method of claim 11, wherein the second set of accounting rules includes a definition of one or more of the book specific attributes and the step of applying a second set of accounting rules corresponding to a second accounting book to the real-time transaction and storing the result in the second accounting book further comprises applying the second set of accounting rules to the real-time transaction if the real-time transaction relates to one of the book specific attributes. 13. The automatic real-time multi-book accounting method of claim 12, the method further comprising permitting a user to define the book specific attributes and the second set of accounting rules. 14-21. (canceled)	3,600
12,999	12,999	14,741,353	3,633	Apparatus for adding coverings such as, but not limited to, roof lines are generally disclosed.	1. An apparatus for providing an elevated roof over an existing roof of a structure, the apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof, the support beam and the trailing edge of the elevated roof being substantially perpendicular to each other; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end, wherein the base is configured to penetrate through the existing roof proximate to the trailing edge of the elevated roof and to attach to a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component being a load bearing wall configured to support the existing roof substantially around a periphery of the existing roof. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a hanger type bracket. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a channel type bracket. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises an “L” shaped bracket. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a height adjustable bracket. 11. A system for providing a covering, the system comprising: an existing roof, the existing roof disposed over a structure and having an eave; and an elevated roof disposed on the existing roof, the elevated roof having a leading edge, the leading edge extending beyond the eave of the existing roof to facilitate coverage of a predetermined distance beyond the eave of the existing roof, wherein the elevated roof is disposed on the existing roof via an apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a member support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof, the support beam and the trailing edge of the elevated roof being substantially perpendicular to each other and both being substantially parallel to a leading edge of the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end, wherein the base is configured to penetrate through the existing roof proximate to the leading edge to attach to a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component being a load bearing wall configured to support the existing roof substantially around a periphery of the existing roof. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 16. The system of claim 11 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a hanger type bracket. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a channel type bracket. 19. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises an “L” shaped bracket. 20. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a height adjustable bracket.	Apparatus for adding coverings such as, but not limited to, roof lines are generally disclosed.1. An apparatus for providing an elevated roof over an existing roof of a structure, the apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation relative to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof, the support beam and the trailing edge of the elevated roof being substantially perpendicular to each other; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end, wherein the base is configured to penetrate through the existing roof proximate to the trailing edge of the elevated roof and to attach to a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component being a load bearing wall configured to support the existing roof substantially around a periphery of the existing roof. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a hanger type bracket. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a channel type bracket. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises an “L” shaped bracket. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a height adjustable bracket. 11. A system for providing a covering, the system comprising: an existing roof, the existing roof disposed over a structure and having an eave; and an elevated roof disposed on the existing roof, the elevated roof having a leading edge, the leading edge extending beyond the eave of the existing roof to facilitate coverage of a predetermined distance beyond the eave of the existing roof, wherein the elevated roof is disposed on the existing roof via an apparatus comprising: a substantially vertical member; a bracket coupled to a first end of the substantially vertical member, the bracket configured to support a member support beam in a substantially perpendicular orientation to the substantially vertical member and to pivotally support a trailing edge of the elevated roof over the existing roof, the support beam and the trailing edge of the elevated roof being substantially perpendicular to each other and both being substantially parallel to a leading edge of the existing roof; and a base coupled to a second end of the substantially vertical member, the second end being at an opposite end of the substantially vertical member from the first end, wherein the base is configured to penetrate through the existing roof proximate to the leading edge to attach to a load bearing component of the structure, the load bearing component being a load bearing wall configured to support the existing roof substantially around a periphery of the existing roof. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the substantially vertical member comprises a metal pipe. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a bracket coupled to the first end of the substantially vertical member via a bolt, the bolt configured to facilitate a substantially vertical orientation of the bracket irrespective of the orientation of the substantially vertical member. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the bracket comprises a cross beam bracket. 15. The system of claim 11, wherein the base comprises a metal plate having a rectangular type shape. 16. The system of claim 11 further comprising flashing around the substantially vertical member proximate where the base attaches to the component of the structure, the flashing configured to articulate to substantially match the slope of the existing roof. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a hanger type bracket. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a channel type bracket. 19. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises an “L” shaped bracket. 20. The system of claim 11, wherein the bracket comprises a height adjustable bracket.	3,600

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