Unnamed: 0 int64 0 350k | level_0 int64 0 351k | ApplicationNumber int64 9.75M 96.1M | ArtUnit int64 1.6k 3.99k | Abstract stringlengths 1 8.37k | Claims stringlengths 3 292k | abstract-claims stringlengths 68 293k | TechCenter int64 1.6k 3.9k |
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8,400 | 8,400 | 14,959,571 | 2,483 | A method for predicting when an object will arrive at a boundary includes receiving visual media captured by a camera. An object in the visual media is identified. One or more parameters related to the object are detected based on analysis of the visual media. It is predicted when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters. An alert is transmitted to a user indicating when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. | 1. A method for predicting when an object will arrive at a boundary, comprising:
receiving visual media captured by a camera; identifying an object in the visual media; determining one or more parameters related to the object based on analysis of the visual media; predicting when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters; and transmitting an alert to a user indicating when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing an application to the user for installation on a computer system, wherein the alert is transmitted over a wireless communication channel to a wireless device, and wherein the alert causes the computer system to auto-launch the application when the wireless device is connected to the computer system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the computer system is offline when the alert is transmitted. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the alert includes a uniform resource locator that specifies a data source where the visual media is stored, and wherein the alert enables connection via the uniform resource locator to the data source over the Internet when the wireless device is connected to the computer system and the computer system comes online. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a size of the object, a type of the object, or both. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a trajectory of the object. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a distance between the object and the boundary. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a velocity of the object. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more parameters comprise an acceleration of the object. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. 11. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a computer system, cause the computer system to perform operations, the operations comprising:
receiving visual media captured by a camera; identifying an object in the visual media; determining one or more parameters related to the object; predicting when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters; and transmitting an alert over a wireless communication channel to a wireless device, wherein the alert causes a second computer system to auto-launch an application on the second computer system when the wireless device is connected to the second computer system, and wherein the alert indicates when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters are selected from the group consisting of a size of the object, a type of the object, a trajectory of the object, a distance between the object and the boundary, a velocity of the object, and an acceleration of the object. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the alert indicates an amount of time until the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the alert is generated a predetermined amount of time before the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. 16. A system, comprising:
a first computer configured to:
receive visual media captured by a camera;
identify an object in the visual media;
determine one or more parameters related to the object; and
predict when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters;
a second computer configured to receive an alert from the first computer that is transmitted over a wireless communication channel, wherein the alert indicates when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary, and wherein the second computer is a wireless device; and a third computer having an application stored thereon, wherein the third computer is offline when the alert is transmitted from the first computer, and wherein, when the second computer is connected to the third computer, the alert causes the third computer to auto-launch the application. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the one or more parameters are selected from the group consisting of a size of the object, a type of the object, a trajectory of the object, a distance between the object and the boundary, a velocity of the object, and an acceleration of the object. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the alert indicates an amount of time until the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the alert is generated a predetermined amount of time before the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 20. The system of claim 16, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. | A method for predicting when an object will arrive at a boundary includes receiving visual media captured by a camera. An object in the visual media is identified. One or more parameters related to the object are detected based on analysis of the visual media. It is predicted when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters. An alert is transmitted to a user indicating when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary.1. A method for predicting when an object will arrive at a boundary, comprising:
receiving visual media captured by a camera; identifying an object in the visual media; determining one or more parameters related to the object based on analysis of the visual media; predicting when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters; and transmitting an alert to a user indicating when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing an application to the user for installation on a computer system, wherein the alert is transmitted over a wireless communication channel to a wireless device, and wherein the alert causes the computer system to auto-launch the application when the wireless device is connected to the computer system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the computer system is offline when the alert is transmitted. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the alert includes a uniform resource locator that specifies a data source where the visual media is stored, and wherein the alert enables connection via the uniform resource locator to the data source over the Internet when the wireless device is connected to the computer system and the computer system comes online. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a size of the object, a type of the object, or both. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a trajectory of the object. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a distance between the object and the boundary. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a velocity of the object. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more parameters comprise an acceleration of the object. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. 11. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a computer system, cause the computer system to perform operations, the operations comprising:
receiving visual media captured by a camera; identifying an object in the visual media; determining one or more parameters related to the object; predicting when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters; and transmitting an alert over a wireless communication channel to a wireless device, wherein the alert causes a second computer system to auto-launch an application on the second computer system when the wireless device is connected to the second computer system, and wherein the alert indicates when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the one or more parameters are selected from the group consisting of a size of the object, a type of the object, a trajectory of the object, a distance between the object and the boundary, a velocity of the object, and an acceleration of the object. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the alert indicates an amount of time until the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the alert is generated a predetermined amount of time before the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. 16. A system, comprising:
a first computer configured to:
receive visual media captured by a camera;
identify an object in the visual media;
determine one or more parameters related to the object; and
predict when the object will arrive at a boundary using the one or more parameters;
a second computer configured to receive an alert from the first computer that is transmitted over a wireless communication channel, wherein the alert indicates when the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary, and wherein the second computer is a wireless device; and a third computer having an application stored thereon, wherein the third computer is offline when the alert is transmitted from the first computer, and wherein, when the second computer is connected to the third computer, the alert causes the third computer to auto-launch the application. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the one or more parameters are selected from the group consisting of a size of the object, a type of the object, a trajectory of the object, a distance between the object and the boundary, a velocity of the object, and an acceleration of the object. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the alert indicates an amount of time until the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the alert is generated a predetermined amount of time before the object is predicted to arrive at the boundary. 20. The system of claim 16, further comprising identifying whether the object is on a predefined path to the boundary. | 2,400 |
8,401 | 8,401 | 15,690,718 | 2,484 | A system and method are provided for generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset. Different scenes and/or scene transitions are detected in a predetermined version of the video asset via automated media analysis. Gaps in dialogue are detected in the at least one scene via automated media analysis. Objects appearing in the at least one scene are recognized via automated media analysis, and text descriptive of at least one of the objects appearing in the at least one scene is automatically generated. An audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one of the objects appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset is generated and used as part of a descriptive video service track for the video asset. | 1. A method of generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset, comprising the steps of:
detecting different scenes or scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a version of the video asset; detecting gaps in dialogue, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the version of the video asset; recognizing, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; automatically generating text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and automatically generating an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the version of the video asset. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using the audio file to automatically generate a descriptive video service track for the at least one scene of the version of the video asset. 3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising the step of multiplexing the descriptive video service track with a program stream of the version of the video asset to generate a modified version of the video asset including the descriptive video service track. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of determining a level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element relative to another one or more non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said determining step includes at least one of determining an amount of time the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains visible in a scene, determining how large the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appears in a video frame of a scene, determining if the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element is centered within the video frame or appears only in a margin of the video frame, determining whether or not the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains still within the video, determining a degree of motion of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element within the video, and determining a brightness or color characteristic of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said detecting gaps step, recognizing step, and generating descriptive text step are performed for each scene of the video asset. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of generating an audio file includes use of text-to-speech software. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein audio corresponding to the generated descriptive text for a scene is inserted in a program stream of the version of the video asset at a gap where dialogue is not detected in the version of the video asset for the scene. 9. A system of generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset, said system comprising electronic apparatus having at least one processor configured to:
detect different scenes or scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a predetermined version of the video asset; detect gaps in dialogue, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the predetermined version of the video asset; recognize, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; generate text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and generate an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to use the audio file to automatically generate a descriptive video service track for the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. 11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a multiplexer to multiplex the descriptive video service track with a program stream of the predetermined version of the video asset to generate a modified version of the video asset which includes the descriptive video service track. 12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine a level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element relative to another one or more non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene is determined by at least one of determining an amount of time that the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains visible in a scene, determining how large the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appears in a video frame of a scene, determining if the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element is centered within the video frame or appears only in a margin of the video frame, determining whether or not the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains still within the video, determining the degree of motion of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element within the video, and determining the brightness or color characteristics of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element. 14. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a sound amplitude analyzer to detect the gaps in dialogue in audio of the main dialogue of the video asset. 15. The system according to claim 14, further comprising a media extractor module for extracting the audio of the main dialogue of the video asset from the video asset and for feeding the main dialogue to the sound amplitude analyzer. 16. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises at least one media analyzer for scene detection and recognizing the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element in the video asset. 17. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a text-to-speech converter for generating descriptive video service audio fragments. 18. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to insert audio corresponding to the generated descriptive text for a scene in a program stream of the predetermined version of the video asset at a detected gap in dialogue detected in the predetermined version of the video asset for the scene. 19. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to produce a database of information that indexes scenes of the video asset, the gaps in dialogue within the video asset, and descriptive video service audio fragments for use in producing a descriptive video service audio track for the video asset. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising stored instructions which, when executed by one or more computer processors, cause the one or more computer processors to perform steps of:
detecting different scenes and scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a predetermined version of a video asset; detecting gaps in dialog, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the predetermined version of the video asset; recognizing, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; automatically generating text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and automatically generating an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. | A system and method are provided for generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset. Different scenes and/or scene transitions are detected in a predetermined version of the video asset via automated media analysis. Gaps in dialogue are detected in the at least one scene via automated media analysis. Objects appearing in the at least one scene are recognized via automated media analysis, and text descriptive of at least one of the objects appearing in the at least one scene is automatically generated. An audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one of the objects appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset is generated and used as part of a descriptive video service track for the video asset.1. A method of generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset, comprising the steps of:
detecting different scenes or scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a version of the video asset; detecting gaps in dialogue, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the version of the video asset; recognizing, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; automatically generating text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and automatically generating an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the version of the video asset. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of using the audio file to automatically generate a descriptive video service track for the at least one scene of the version of the video asset. 3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising the step of multiplexing the descriptive video service track with a program stream of the version of the video asset to generate a modified version of the video asset including the descriptive video service track. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of determining a level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element relative to another one or more non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said determining step includes at least one of determining an amount of time the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains visible in a scene, determining how large the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appears in a video frame of a scene, determining if the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element is centered within the video frame or appears only in a margin of the video frame, determining whether or not the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains still within the video, determining a degree of motion of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element within the video, and determining a brightness or color characteristic of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said detecting gaps step, recognizing step, and generating descriptive text step are performed for each scene of the video asset. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said step of generating an audio file includes use of text-to-speech software. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein audio corresponding to the generated descriptive text for a scene is inserted in a program stream of the version of the video asset at a gap where dialogue is not detected in the version of the video asset for the scene. 9. A system of generating a descriptive video service track for a video asset, said system comprising electronic apparatus having at least one processor configured to:
detect different scenes or scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a predetermined version of the video asset; detect gaps in dialogue, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the predetermined version of the video asset; recognize, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; generate text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and generate an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to use the audio file to automatically generate a descriptive video service track for the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. 11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a multiplexer to multiplex the descriptive video service track with a program stream of the predetermined version of the video asset to generate a modified version of the video asset which includes the descriptive video service track. 12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine a level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element relative to another one or more non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the level of relevance of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene is determined by at least one of determining an amount of time that the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains visible in a scene, determining how large the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appears in a video frame of a scene, determining if the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element is centered within the video frame or appears only in a margin of the video frame, determining whether or not the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element remains still within the video, determining the degree of motion of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element within the video, and determining the brightness or color characteristics of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element. 14. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a sound amplitude analyzer to detect the gaps in dialogue in audio of the main dialogue of the video asset. 15. The system according to claim 14, further comprising a media extractor module for extracting the audio of the main dialogue of the video asset from the video asset and for feeding the main dialogue to the sound amplitude analyzer. 16. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises at least one media analyzer for scene detection and recognizing the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element in the video asset. 17. The system according to claim 9, wherein the electronic apparatus comprises a text-to-speech converter for generating descriptive video service audio fragments. 18. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to insert audio corresponding to the generated descriptive text for a scene in a program stream of the predetermined version of the video asset at a detected gap in dialogue detected in the predetermined version of the video asset for the scene. 19. The system according to claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to produce a database of information that indexes scenes of the video asset, the gaps in dialogue within the video asset, and descriptive video service audio fragments for use in producing a descriptive video service audio track for the video asset. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising stored instructions which, when executed by one or more computer processors, cause the one or more computer processors to perform steps of:
detecting different scenes and scene transitions, via automated media analysis, of a predetermined version of a video asset; detecting gaps in dialog, via automated media analysis, in at least one scene detected in the predetermined version of the video asset; recognizing, via automated media analysis, at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; automatically generating text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene; and automatically generating an audio file of the text descriptive of the at least one non-textual onscreen visual element appearing in the at least one scene of the predetermined version of the video asset. | 2,400 |
8,402 | 8,402 | 14,760,921 | 2,486 | The invention relates to a sensor device ( 2 ) for a motor vehicle ( 1 ). The sensor device has a light source ( 10 ) and a detection device ( 20 ), said detection device is formed using an array of optical pixels. The light source ( 10 ) and the detection device ( 20 ) are coupled to a control and evaluation device ( 30 ) which activates the light source ( 10 ) to emit light pulses and activates the detection device to carry out the detection process. The control and evaluation device ( 30 ), the detection device ( 20 ) and the light source ( 10 ) interact as a time-of-flight camera (ToF camera), allowing spatial range data to be detected. The control and evaluation device ( 30 ) has multiple activation schemes for different groups of pixels of the detection device ( 20 ), a first activation scheme (idle mode) activating and evaluating a portion of pixels as a first pixel group and a second activation scheme (active scheme) activating and evaluating a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group. Depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, the control and evaluation device switches to an activation according to the second activation scheme. | 1. A sensor device for a motor vehicle, said sensor device comprising:
a light source; a detection device having an array of optical pixels; and a control and evaluation device coupled to the light source and the detection device, said control and actuation device activating the light source to emit light pulses, activating the detection device to detect light from the light source, and evaluating signals of generated by the pixels of the detection device, wherein the control and evaluation device, the detection device, and the light source interact as a Time-of-Flight camera (ToF camera), allowing spatial range data to be detected, and the control and evaluation device has a plurality of activation schemes for different groups of pixels of the detection device, wherein in a first activation scheme (idle mode), the control and activation device activates and evaluates a subset of pixels as a first pixel group, wherein in a second activation scheme (active scheme), the control and activation device activates and evaluates a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group, wherein depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, the control and evaluation device switches to activation according to the second activation scheme. 2. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the second pixel group comprises the first pixel group. 3. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane, and wherein the first pixel group is being formed from the outermost pixels of the array. 4. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane and wherein a plurality of first pixel groups are activatable that are alternatively activatable by the control and evaluation device such that alternating subsets of the pixels of the detection device are activated according to first activation scheme. 5. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein according to the first activation scheme, an activation is repeated with a first detection frequency f1, and wherein according to the second activation scheme, the activation is repeated with a second, higher detection frequency f2. 6. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated first evaluation scheme to evaluate the data of the detection device upon activation according to the first activation scheme, and wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated second evaluation scheme to evaluate the data of the detection device upon activation according to the associated second activation scheme. 7. A method of detecting gestures, said method comprising:
emitting at least one light pulse from a light source; detecting a reflection of the at least one light pulse using an array of optical pixels detecting light, said at least one light pulse activating pixels of said array of optical pixels; generating signals corresponding to the reflection of the at least one light pulse detected by each activated pixel of the array of optical pixels; evaluating the signals of a subset of pixels as a first group in a first activation scheme (idle mode); depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, evaluating a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group in a second activation scheme (active scheme). 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second pixel group comprises the first pixel group. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane, and wherein the first pixel group is being formed from the outermost pixels of the array. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane and wherein a plurality of first pixel groups are activatable that are alternatively activatable by a control and evaluation device such that alternating subsets of the pixels are activated according to first activation scheme. 11. The method according to claim 7, wherein according to the first activation scheme, an activation is repeated with a first detection frequency f1, and wherein according to the second activation scheme, the activation is repeated with a second, higher detection frequency f2. 12. The method according to claim 7, wherein a control and evaluation device uses an associated first evaluation scheme to evaluate the signals upon activation of the pixels according to the first activation scheme, and wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated second evaluation scheme to evaluate the signals upon activation of the pixels according to the associated second activation scheme. | The invention relates to a sensor device ( 2 ) for a motor vehicle ( 1 ). The sensor device has a light source ( 10 ) and a detection device ( 20 ), said detection device is formed using an array of optical pixels. The light source ( 10 ) and the detection device ( 20 ) are coupled to a control and evaluation device ( 30 ) which activates the light source ( 10 ) to emit light pulses and activates the detection device to carry out the detection process. The control and evaluation device ( 30 ), the detection device ( 20 ) and the light source ( 10 ) interact as a time-of-flight camera (ToF camera), allowing spatial range data to be detected. The control and evaluation device ( 30 ) has multiple activation schemes for different groups of pixels of the detection device ( 20 ), a first activation scheme (idle mode) activating and evaluating a portion of pixels as a first pixel group and a second activation scheme (active scheme) activating and evaluating a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group. Depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, the control and evaluation device switches to an activation according to the second activation scheme.1. A sensor device for a motor vehicle, said sensor device comprising:
a light source; a detection device having an array of optical pixels; and a control and evaluation device coupled to the light source and the detection device, said control and actuation device activating the light source to emit light pulses, activating the detection device to detect light from the light source, and evaluating signals of generated by the pixels of the detection device, wherein the control and evaluation device, the detection device, and the light source interact as a Time-of-Flight camera (ToF camera), allowing spatial range data to be detected, and the control and evaluation device has a plurality of activation schemes for different groups of pixels of the detection device, wherein in a first activation scheme (idle mode), the control and activation device activates and evaluates a subset of pixels as a first pixel group, wherein in a second activation scheme (active scheme), the control and activation device activates and evaluates a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group, wherein depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, the control and evaluation device switches to activation according to the second activation scheme. 2. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the second pixel group comprises the first pixel group. 3. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane, and wherein the first pixel group is being formed from the outermost pixels of the array. 4. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane and wherein a plurality of first pixel groups are activatable that are alternatively activatable by the control and evaluation device such that alternating subsets of the pixels of the detection device are activated according to first activation scheme. 5. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein according to the first activation scheme, an activation is repeated with a first detection frequency f1, and wherein according to the second activation scheme, the activation is repeated with a second, higher detection frequency f2. 6. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated first evaluation scheme to evaluate the data of the detection device upon activation according to the first activation scheme, and wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated second evaluation scheme to evaluate the data of the detection device upon activation according to the associated second activation scheme. 7. A method of detecting gestures, said method comprising:
emitting at least one light pulse from a light source; detecting a reflection of the at least one light pulse using an array of optical pixels detecting light, said at least one light pulse activating pixels of said array of optical pixels; generating signals corresponding to the reflection of the at least one light pulse detected by each activated pixel of the array of optical pixels; evaluating the signals of a subset of pixels as a first group in a first activation scheme (idle mode); depending on the results of the evaluation according to the first activation scheme, evaluating a larger portion of pixels as a second pixel group in a second activation scheme (active scheme). 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second pixel group comprises the first pixel group. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane, and wherein the first pixel group is being formed from the outermost pixels of the array. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the array of optical pixels extends in a plane and wherein a plurality of first pixel groups are activatable that are alternatively activatable by a control and evaluation device such that alternating subsets of the pixels are activated according to first activation scheme. 11. The method according to claim 7, wherein according to the first activation scheme, an activation is repeated with a first detection frequency f1, and wherein according to the second activation scheme, the activation is repeated with a second, higher detection frequency f2. 12. The method according to claim 7, wherein a control and evaluation device uses an associated first evaluation scheme to evaluate the signals upon activation of the pixels according to the first activation scheme, and wherein the control and evaluation device uses an associated second evaluation scheme to evaluate the signals upon activation of the pixels according to the associated second activation scheme. | 2,400 |
8,403 | 8,403 | 14,569,319 | 2,461 | Embodiments of the present invention provide a carrier resource configuration method, an uplink information transmission method, a base station, and a user equipment. The configuration method includes: determining, by the base station, a serving cell group to which a serving cell of the UE belongs; and sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. The technical solutions of the present invention solve a problem that a UE cannot be scheduled correctly because a base station cannot acquire UCI of the UE in time. | 1. A carrier resource configuration method, comprising:
determining, by a base station, a serving cell group to which a serving cell of a user equipment (UE) belongs; and sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. 2. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 1, wherein sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE comprises:
using, by the base station, an identifier of the serving cell group as an attribute of the serving cell, and sending the identifier together with a cell index of the serving cell to the UE; or sending together, by the base station, the identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells included in the serving cell group to the UE. 3. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 1, further comprising:
configuring, by the base station, one serving cell in the serving cell group as a primary cell of the serving cell group, and sending a cell index of the primary cell to the UE by using first Radio Resource Control protocol (RRC) signaling, so that the UE determines the primary cell of the serving cell group according to the cell index of the primary cell; or pre-agreeing, by the base station with the UE, that a serving cell with a smallest cell index in the serving cell group is the primary cell of the serving cell group. 4. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 3, further comprising, configuring, by the base station, one or more serving cells in the serving cell group as secondary cells of the serving cell group. 5. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 3, further comprising:
delivering, by the base station, dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) configuration information that is corresponding to the UE and in the primary cell to the UE by using second RRC signaling, wherein, the dedicated PUCCH configuration information includes information of resource occupied by the UE over the PUCCH of the primary cell and manner of using the occupied resource, so that the UE performs uplink transmission over the PUCCH of the primary cell according to the dedicated PUCCH configuration information. 6. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 2, further comprising:
pre-agreeing, by the base station with the UE, that a serving cell group to which a serving cell with a cell index being a preset value belongs is a master cell group, and another serving cell group is a secondary cell group. 7. The uplink information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
allowing cross-carrier scheduling in a same serving cell group; and not allowing cross-carrier scheduling in different serving cell groups, so that uplink information transmitted by UE directly arrives at a corresponding base station. 8. A base station, comprising:
a first determining module, configured to determine a serving cell group to which a serving cell of a user equipment (UE) belongs; and a first sending module, configured to send a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. 9. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the first sending module is configured to:
use an identifier of the serving cell group as an attribute of the serving cell, and send the identifier together with a cell index of the serving cell to the UE; or send together the identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells comprised in the serving cell group to the UE. 10. The base station according to claim 8, further comprising:
a first configuring module, configured to configure one serving cell in the serving cell group as a primary cell of the serving cell group, wherein: the first sending module is further configured to send a cell index of the primary cell to the UE by using first Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol signaling, so that the UE determines the primary cell of the serving cell group according to the cell index of the primary cell. 11. The base station according to claim 10, wherein the first configuring module is configured to configure one or more serving cell in the serving cell group as secondary cells of the serving cell group. 12. The base station according to claim 10, wherein the first sending module is further configured to deliver dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) configuration information that is corresponding to the UE and in the primary cell to the UE by using second RRC signaling, wherein, the dedicated PUCCH configuration information includes information of resource occupied by the UE over the PUCCH of the primary cell and manner of using the occupied resource, so that the UE performs uplink transmission over the PUCCH of the primary cell according to the dedicated PUCCH configuration information. 13. A user equipment (UE), comprising:
a second determining module, configured to determine, when there is uplink information to be transmitted, a serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; and a second sending module, configured to send the uplink information to abase station by using a serving cell in the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 14. The UE according to claim 13, further comprising:
a receiving module, configured to receive a belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group sent by the base station; and a second configuring module, configured to locally configure a serving cell and a serving cell group according to the belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group. 15. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second determining module is configured to:
determine, when the uplink information is a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information, wherein physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission corresponding to the HARQ-ACK is in the serving cell; or determine, when the uplink information is a scheduling request SR, that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with a requested-for-transmission Media Access Control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU), belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; or determine, when the uplink information is periodic channel state information (CSI), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, to which the periodic CSI belongs, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 16. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second determining module is configured to:
determine, when the uplink information is a buffer status report (BSR), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with an uplink logical channel corresponding to the BSR, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; or determine, when the uplink information is a power headroom report (PHR), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with the PHR, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 17. The UE according to claim 14, wherein the receiving module is configured to:
receive a cell index of the serving cell and an identifier of the serving cell group to which the serving cell belongs, wherein the cell index and the identifier are used as attributes of the serving cell and sent by the base station; or receive an identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells comprised in the serving cell group, wherein the identifier and the cell index list are sent by the base station. 18. The UE according to claim 14, wherein:
the receiving module is further configured to receive first Radio Resource Control protocol (RRC) signaling sent by the base station, wherein the first RRC signaling comprises a cell index of a primary cell of the serving cell group; and the second configuring module is further configured to configure a primary cell of the cell service group according to the first RRC signaling. 19. The UE according to claim 18, further comprising:
an snooping module, configured to snoop only on a primary cell with a cell index being a preset value, so as to receive a system message sent by the base station. 20. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second sending module is further configured to:
allow cross-carrier scheduling in a same serving cell group; and not allow the cross-carrier scheduling in different serving cell groups, so that the uplink information directly arrive at a corresponding base station. | Embodiments of the present invention provide a carrier resource configuration method, an uplink information transmission method, a base station, and a user equipment. The configuration method includes: determining, by the base station, a serving cell group to which a serving cell of the UE belongs; and sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. The technical solutions of the present invention solve a problem that a UE cannot be scheduled correctly because a base station cannot acquire UCI of the UE in time.1. A carrier resource configuration method, comprising:
determining, by a base station, a serving cell group to which a serving cell of a user equipment (UE) belongs; and sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. 2. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 1, wherein sending, by the base station, a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE comprises:
using, by the base station, an identifier of the serving cell group as an attribute of the serving cell, and sending the identifier together with a cell index of the serving cell to the UE; or sending together, by the base station, the identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells included in the serving cell group to the UE. 3. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 1, further comprising:
configuring, by the base station, one serving cell in the serving cell group as a primary cell of the serving cell group, and sending a cell index of the primary cell to the UE by using first Radio Resource Control protocol (RRC) signaling, so that the UE determines the primary cell of the serving cell group according to the cell index of the primary cell; or pre-agreeing, by the base station with the UE, that a serving cell with a smallest cell index in the serving cell group is the primary cell of the serving cell group. 4. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 3, further comprising, configuring, by the base station, one or more serving cells in the serving cell group as secondary cells of the serving cell group. 5. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 3, further comprising:
delivering, by the base station, dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) configuration information that is corresponding to the UE and in the primary cell to the UE by using second RRC signaling, wherein, the dedicated PUCCH configuration information includes information of resource occupied by the UE over the PUCCH of the primary cell and manner of using the occupied resource, so that the UE performs uplink transmission over the PUCCH of the primary cell according to the dedicated PUCCH configuration information. 6. The carrier resource configuration method according to claim 2, further comprising:
pre-agreeing, by the base station with the UE, that a serving cell group to which a serving cell with a cell index being a preset value belongs is a master cell group, and another serving cell group is a secondary cell group. 7. The uplink information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
allowing cross-carrier scheduling in a same serving cell group; and not allowing cross-carrier scheduling in different serving cell groups, so that uplink information transmitted by UE directly arrives at a corresponding base station. 8. A base station, comprising:
a first determining module, configured to determine a serving cell group to which a serving cell of a user equipment (UE) belongs; and a first sending module, configured to send a belonging relationship between the serving cell and the serving cell group to the UE, so that the UE performs uplink transmission according to the belonging relationship. 9. The base station according to claim 8, wherein the first sending module is configured to:
use an identifier of the serving cell group as an attribute of the serving cell, and send the identifier together with a cell index of the serving cell to the UE; or send together the identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells comprised in the serving cell group to the UE. 10. The base station according to claim 8, further comprising:
a first configuring module, configured to configure one serving cell in the serving cell group as a primary cell of the serving cell group, wherein: the first sending module is further configured to send a cell index of the primary cell to the UE by using first Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol signaling, so that the UE determines the primary cell of the serving cell group according to the cell index of the primary cell. 11. The base station according to claim 10, wherein the first configuring module is configured to configure one or more serving cell in the serving cell group as secondary cells of the serving cell group. 12. The base station according to claim 10, wherein the first sending module is further configured to deliver dedicated physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) configuration information that is corresponding to the UE and in the primary cell to the UE by using second RRC signaling, wherein, the dedicated PUCCH configuration information includes information of resource occupied by the UE over the PUCCH of the primary cell and manner of using the occupied resource, so that the UE performs uplink transmission over the PUCCH of the primary cell according to the dedicated PUCCH configuration information. 13. A user equipment (UE), comprising:
a second determining module, configured to determine, when there is uplink information to be transmitted, a serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; and a second sending module, configured to send the uplink information to abase station by using a serving cell in the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 14. The UE according to claim 13, further comprising:
a receiving module, configured to receive a belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group sent by the base station; and a second configuring module, configured to locally configure a serving cell and a serving cell group according to the belonging relationship between a serving cell and a serving cell group. 15. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second determining module is configured to:
determine, when the uplink information is a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information, wherein physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission corresponding to the HARQ-ACK is in the serving cell; or determine, when the uplink information is a scheduling request SR, that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with a requested-for-transmission Media Access Control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU), belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; or determine, when the uplink information is periodic channel state information (CSI), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, to which the periodic CSI belongs, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 16. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second determining module is configured to:
determine, when the uplink information is a buffer status report (BSR), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with an uplink logical channel corresponding to the BSR, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information; or determine, when the uplink information is a power headroom report (PHR), that a serving cell group to which a serving cell, associated with the PHR, belongs is the serving cell group corresponding to the uplink information. 17. The UE according to claim 14, wherein the receiving module is configured to:
receive a cell index of the serving cell and an identifier of the serving cell group to which the serving cell belongs, wherein the cell index and the identifier are used as attributes of the serving cell and sent by the base station; or receive an identifier of the serving cell group and a cell index list of serving cells comprised in the serving cell group, wherein the identifier and the cell index list are sent by the base station. 18. The UE according to claim 14, wherein:
the receiving module is further configured to receive first Radio Resource Control protocol (RRC) signaling sent by the base station, wherein the first RRC signaling comprises a cell index of a primary cell of the serving cell group; and the second configuring module is further configured to configure a primary cell of the cell service group according to the first RRC signaling. 19. The UE according to claim 18, further comprising:
an snooping module, configured to snoop only on a primary cell with a cell index being a preset value, so as to receive a system message sent by the base station. 20. The UE according to claim 13, wherein the second sending module is further configured to:
allow cross-carrier scheduling in a same serving cell group; and not allow the cross-carrier scheduling in different serving cell groups, so that the uplink information directly arrive at a corresponding base station. | 2,400 |
8,404 | 8,404 | 15,611,409 | 2,449 | Various embodiments provide a chat management system that provides chat conversation functionality. The chat management system monitors a group chat conversation and automatically places the group chat conversation in mute mode or snooze mode, and automatically places the group chat conversation in an unmute or un-snooze mode based upon various contextual conditions. In one or more embodiments, with respect to automatically placing the group chat conversation in the mute mode or snooze mode, the contextual conditions can include, by way of example and not limitation, the manner in which the user interacts with the chat management system and/or the group chat conversation. In one or more embodiments with respect to automatically placing the group chat conversation in the unmute or un-snooze mode, the contextual conditions can include, by way of example and not limitation, the content of the group chat conversation and predefined or user definable time periods. | 1. A method, comprising:
monitoring, using a chat management system, a group chat conversation; detecting, using the chat management system, one or more contextual conditions associated with the group chat conversation; and responsive to one or more detected contextual conditions, automatically muting or snoozing, using the chat management system, the group chat conversation. 2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a manner in which a user interacts with the chat management system. 3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a manner in which a user interacts with the group chat conversation. 4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a user's notification dismissal behavior. 5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise receiving a notification and then detecting that a user placed a corresponding device in a silent mode or reduced a volume setting. 6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a threshold number of chat communications that does not involve a particular user. 7. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a threshold period of time in which chat communications do not involve a particular user. 8. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising:
monitoring the group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed;
detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and
responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 9. The method as recited in claim 8, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. 11. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise when context of the group chat conversation changes. 12. One or more computer readable media storing computer-readable instructions which, when executed, perform operations comprising:
monitoring a group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed; detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 13. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 14. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. 15. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise when context of the group chat conversation changes. 16. A computing device comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer readable media storing computer-readable instructions which, when executed, perform operations comprising:
monitoring, using a chat management system, a group chat conversation;
detecting, using the chat management system, one or more contextual conditions associated with the group chat conversation; and
responsive to one or more detected contextual conditions, automatically muting or snoozing, using the chat management system, the group chat conversation. 17. The computing device as recited in claim 17, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise one or more of: a user's notification dismissal behavior; receiving a notification and then detecting that a user placed a corresponding device in a silent mode or reduced a volume setting; a threshold number of chat communications that does not involve a particular user; or a threshold period of time in which chat communications do not involve a particular user. 18. The computing device as recited in claim 17 further comprising:
monitoring the group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed;
detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and
responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 19. The computing device as recited in claim 18, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 20. The computing device as recited in claim 18, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. | Various embodiments provide a chat management system that provides chat conversation functionality. The chat management system monitors a group chat conversation and automatically places the group chat conversation in mute mode or snooze mode, and automatically places the group chat conversation in an unmute or un-snooze mode based upon various contextual conditions. In one or more embodiments, with respect to automatically placing the group chat conversation in the mute mode or snooze mode, the contextual conditions can include, by way of example and not limitation, the manner in which the user interacts with the chat management system and/or the group chat conversation. In one or more embodiments with respect to automatically placing the group chat conversation in the unmute or un-snooze mode, the contextual conditions can include, by way of example and not limitation, the content of the group chat conversation and predefined or user definable time periods.1. A method, comprising:
monitoring, using a chat management system, a group chat conversation; detecting, using the chat management system, one or more contextual conditions associated with the group chat conversation; and responsive to one or more detected contextual conditions, automatically muting or snoozing, using the chat management system, the group chat conversation. 2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a manner in which a user interacts with the chat management system. 3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a manner in which a user interacts with the group chat conversation. 4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a user's notification dismissal behavior. 5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise receiving a notification and then detecting that a user placed a corresponding device in a silent mode or reduced a volume setting. 6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a threshold number of chat communications that does not involve a particular user. 7. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise a threshold period of time in which chat communications do not involve a particular user. 8. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising:
monitoring the group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed;
detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and
responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 9. The method as recited in claim 8, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. 11. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise when context of the group chat conversation changes. 12. One or more computer readable media storing computer-readable instructions which, when executed, perform operations comprising:
monitoring a group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed; detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 13. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 14. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. 15. The one or more computer readable media as recited in claim 12, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise when context of the group chat conversation changes. 16. A computing device comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer readable media storing computer-readable instructions which, when executed, perform operations comprising:
monitoring, using a chat management system, a group chat conversation;
detecting, using the chat management system, one or more contextual conditions associated with the group chat conversation; and
responsive to one or more detected contextual conditions, automatically muting or snoozing, using the chat management system, the group chat conversation. 17. The computing device as recited in claim 17, wherein said one or more contextual conditions comprise one or more of: a user's notification dismissal behavior; receiving a notification and then detecting that a user placed a corresponding device in a silent mode or reduced a volume setting; a threshold number of chat communications that does not involve a particular user; or a threshold period of time in which chat communications do not involve a particular user. 18. The computing device as recited in claim 17 further comprising:
monitoring the group chat conversation that has been muted or snoozed;
detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation; and
responsive to detecting one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation, automatically unmuting or un-snoozing the group chat conversation. 19. The computing device as recited in claim 18, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a user's name being mentioned by other participants in the group chat conversation. 20. The computing device as recited in claim 18, wherein said one or more contextual conditions associated with the muted or snoozed group chat conversation comprise a time period in which the group chat conversation has been muted or snoozed. | 2,400 |
8,405 | 8,405 | 14,313,759 | 2,463 | To adaptively determine a Tx beam subset for random access in a wireless communication system, a method for operating a Mobile Station (MS) includes determining at least one beam subset which satisfies a predefined condition, among a plurality of beam subsets, and transmitting random access preambles using Tx beams of the at least one beam subset. An MS in a wireless communication system includes a controller configured to determine at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets, and a transmitter configured to transmit random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. Other embodiments including a base station and a mobile station are also disclosed. | 1. A method for operating a Mobile Station (MS) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
determining at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets; and transmitting random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams having different beamwidths from one another. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of a Base Station (BS) is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the random access preambles using the Tx beams of the at least one beam subset comprises:
determining one of the beam subsets satisfying the condition. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one the beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining one beam subset having a highest preamble transmission success probability for random access, based on a history of a past successful preamble transmission for each beam subset. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if a preamble transmission for the random access of one beam subset is successful, updating the history for the one beam subset. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining a beam subset comprising a smallest number of beams. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining one beam subset of a smallest average of preamble transmissions until the successful random access. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring a path loss per beam using a reference signal received from the BS; and determining a Tx power value for satisfying a target Rx power value using at least one of the path loss, the target Rx power value of the BS, a beamforming gain, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving the target Rx power value of the BS and a Rx beamforming gain value of the BS from the BS. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
generating a modified beam subset by excluding at least one beam from predefined beam subsets based on the path loss. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after transmitting the random access preambles, receiving a random access response; and performing a network entry procedure. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after transmitting the random access preambles, determining whether the preamble transmission for the random access is successful; if the random access fails, increasing a Tx power of the random access preamble; and transmitting the random access preambles. 14. A Mobile Station (MS) in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
a controller configured to determine at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets; and a transmitter configured to transmit random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 15. The MS of claim 14, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams having different beamwidths from one another. 16. The MS of claim 14, wherein the predefined condition is whether a target Rx power value of a Base Station (BS) is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 17. The MS of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to select one of the beam subsets satisfying the condition. 18. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select one beam subset of the highest preamble transmission success probability for random access determined based on a history of a past successful preamble transmission for each beam subset. 19. The MS of claim 18, wherein, if the preamble transmission for the random access is successful, the controller is configured to update the success probability of the beam subsets. 20. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select a beam subset comprising a smallest number of beams. 21. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select one beam subset of a smallest average of preamble transmissions until the successful random access. 22. The MS of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to:
measure a path loss per beam using a reference signal received from the BS, and determine a Tx power value for satisfying a target Rx power value using at least one of the path loss, the target Rx power value of the BS, a beamforming gain, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 23. The MS of claim 22, further comprising:
a receiver configured to receive the target Rx power value of the BS and a Rx beamforming gain value of the BS from the BS. 24. The MS of claim 22, wherein the controller is configured to generate a modified beam subset by excluding at least one beam from predefined beam subsets based on the path loss. 25. The MS of claim 14, wherein, after transmitting the random access preambles, if receiving a random access response, the controller is configured to perform a network entry procedure. 26. The MS of claim 14, wherein after transmitting the random access preambles, the controller is configured to:
determine whether the preamble transmission for the random access is successful; when the random access fails, increase the Tx power of the random access preamble; and transmit the random access preambles through the transmitter. 27. A method for operating a Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system, comprising:
receiving random access preambles Tx-beamformed by a Mobile Station (MS) on Tx beams of at least one beam subset, from the MS, wherein the at least one beam subset comprises at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition among a plurality of beam subsets, and the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of the US is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 29. The method of claim 27, further comprising:
transmitting a target Rx power value of the BS and an Rx beamforming gain of the BS to the MS. 30. A Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system, comprising:
a receiver configured to receive random access preambles Tx-beamformed by a Mobile Station (MS) on Tx beams of at least one beam subset, from the MS, wherein the at least one beam subset comprises at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition among a plurality of beam subsets, and the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 31. The BS of claim 30, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of the BS is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 32. The BS of claim 30, further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit a target Rx power value of the BS and an Rx beamforming gain of the BS to the MS. | To adaptively determine a Tx beam subset for random access in a wireless communication system, a method for operating a Mobile Station (MS) includes determining at least one beam subset which satisfies a predefined condition, among a plurality of beam subsets, and transmitting random access preambles using Tx beams of the at least one beam subset. An MS in a wireless communication system includes a controller configured to determine at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets, and a transmitter configured to transmit random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. Other embodiments including a base station and a mobile station are also disclosed.1. A method for operating a Mobile Station (MS) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
determining at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets; and transmitting random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams having different beamwidths from one another. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of a Base Station (BS) is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the random access preambles using the Tx beams of the at least one beam subset comprises:
determining one of the beam subsets satisfying the condition. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one the beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining one beam subset having a highest preamble transmission success probability for random access, based on a history of a past successful preamble transmission for each beam subset. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if a preamble transmission for the random access of one beam subset is successful, updating the history for the one beam subset. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining a beam subset comprising a smallest number of beams. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the at least one beam subset satisfying the condition comprises:
determining one beam subset of a smallest average of preamble transmissions until the successful random access. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring a path loss per beam using a reference signal received from the BS; and determining a Tx power value for satisfying a target Rx power value using at least one of the path loss, the target Rx power value of the BS, a beamforming gain, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving the target Rx power value of the BS and a Rx beamforming gain value of the BS from the BS. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
generating a modified beam subset by excluding at least one beam from predefined beam subsets based on the path loss. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after transmitting the random access preambles, receiving a random access response; and performing a network entry procedure. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
after transmitting the random access preambles, determining whether the preamble transmission for the random access is successful; if the random access fails, increasing a Tx power of the random access preamble; and transmitting the random access preambles. 14. A Mobile Station (MS) in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
a controller configured to determine at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition, among a plurality of beam subsets; and a transmitter configured to transmit random access preambles using Transmit (Tx) beams of the at least one beam subset, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 15. The MS of claim 14, wherein the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams having different beamwidths from one another. 16. The MS of claim 14, wherein the predefined condition is whether a target Rx power value of a Base Station (BS) is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 17. The MS of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to select one of the beam subsets satisfying the condition. 18. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select one beam subset of the highest preamble transmission success probability for random access determined based on a history of a past successful preamble transmission for each beam subset. 19. The MS of claim 18, wherein, if the preamble transmission for the random access is successful, the controller is configured to update the success probability of the beam subsets. 20. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select a beam subset comprising a smallest number of beams. 21. The MS of claim 17, wherein the controller is configured to select one beam subset of a smallest average of preamble transmissions until the successful random access. 22. The MS of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to:
measure a path loss per beam using a reference signal received from the BS, and determine a Tx power value for satisfying a target Rx power value using at least one of the path loss, the target Rx power value of the BS, a beamforming gain, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 23. The MS of claim 22, further comprising:
a receiver configured to receive the target Rx power value of the BS and a Rx beamforming gain value of the BS from the BS. 24. The MS of claim 22, wherein the controller is configured to generate a modified beam subset by excluding at least one beam from predefined beam subsets based on the path loss. 25. The MS of claim 14, wherein, after transmitting the random access preambles, if receiving a random access response, the controller is configured to perform a network entry procedure. 26. The MS of claim 14, wherein after transmitting the random access preambles, the controller is configured to:
determine whether the preamble transmission for the random access is successful; when the random access fails, increase the Tx power of the random access preamble; and transmit the random access preambles through the transmitter. 27. A method for operating a Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system, comprising:
receiving random access preambles Tx-beamformed by a Mobile Station (MS) on Tx beams of at least one beam subset, from the MS, wherein the at least one beam subset comprises at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition among a plurality of beam subsets, and the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of the US is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 29. The method of claim 27, further comprising:
transmitting a target Rx power value of the BS and an Rx beamforming gain of the BS to the MS. 30. A Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system, comprising:
a receiver configured to receive random access preambles Tx-beamformed by a Mobile Station (MS) on Tx beams of at least one beam subset, from the MS, wherein the at least one beam subset comprises at least one beam subset that satisfies a condition among a plurality of beam subsets, and the plurality of the beam subsets each comprise a plurality of beams radiating to different directions from one another. 31. The BS of claim 30, wherein the condition is whether a target Rx power value of the BS is satisfied by considering at least one of a beamforming gain, a path loss, and a power adjustment value based on a preamble type. 32. The BS of claim 30, further comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit a target Rx power value of the BS and an Rx beamforming gain of the BS to the MS. | 2,400 |
8,406 | 8,406 | 14,259,063 | 2,421 | Interactive multimedia package methods and systems are provided. An interactive multimedia package system may generate, manage, deliver, and/or play interactive multimedia packages with various digital media. An interactive multimedia package may be incorporated into any platform such as physical media (e.g., CDs, DVDs, etc.), web services (e.g., download, or streaming), and other applications. A user may shop directly off of the digital media that he or she is experiencing (e.g., watching a movie, viewing a digital news, reading an e-book, playing a video game, etc.) The user may be directed to an e-commerce website, a digital storefront, or a list of items associated with an object, by clicking on the object of interest in the digital media. | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
identifying an object in a digital media; identifying a set of items related to the object, each item of the set of items corresponding to an item provider; and associating the set of items with the object to generate an interactive multimedia package, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising identifying metadata associated with the object, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises the metadata of the object. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises trigger data configured to be displayed in response to a triggering event. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the trigger data is further configured to present the item of the set of items to a user in response to the user's command. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the trigger data is further configured to display a user interface (UI) in response to a user's trigger action. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises a link associating an item with an item provider corresponding to the item. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the link is a short URL. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the link is a long URL. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the digital media comprises a digital asset and the interactive multimedia package comprises the digital asset. 10. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving an interactive multimedia package and a digital media, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item related to an object of the digital media to a user in response to a user's command; processing the multimedia package to generate trigger data, the trigger data being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command; and displaying the trigger data with the digital media in response to a triggering event. 11. The computer-implemented method of 10, further comprising displaying a user interface to the user in response to a user's trigger action. 12. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the digital media is displayed in a first screen and the UI is configured to be displayed in a second screen different from the first screen. 13. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the digital media is displayed in a first screen and the UI is configured to be displayed in the first screen, 14. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the UI is configured to be displayed simultaneously with the digital media. 15. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the UI is configured to be displayed when the digital media is paused. 16. A system comprising:
a processor; memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a set of instructions configured to cause the processor to:
identify an object in a digital media;
identify a set of items related to the object, each item of the set of items corresponding to an item provider; and
associate the set of items with the object to generate an interactive multimedia package, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to provide the interactive multimedia package to a digital media provider providing the digital media. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises a link configured to associate an item with an item provider corresponding to the item and the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to register the link with the item. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to replace the first link with a second link. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises trigger data configured to be displayed in response to a triggering event. | Interactive multimedia package methods and systems are provided. An interactive multimedia package system may generate, manage, deliver, and/or play interactive multimedia packages with various digital media. An interactive multimedia package may be incorporated into any platform such as physical media (e.g., CDs, DVDs, etc.), web services (e.g., download, or streaming), and other applications. A user may shop directly off of the digital media that he or she is experiencing (e.g., watching a movie, viewing a digital news, reading an e-book, playing a video game, etc.) The user may be directed to an e-commerce website, a digital storefront, or a list of items associated with an object, by clicking on the object of interest in the digital media.1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
identifying an object in a digital media; identifying a set of items related to the object, each item of the set of items corresponding to an item provider; and associating the set of items with the object to generate an interactive multimedia package, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising identifying metadata associated with the object, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises the metadata of the object. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises trigger data configured to be displayed in response to a triggering event. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the trigger data is further configured to present the item of the set of items to a user in response to the user's command. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the trigger data is further configured to display a user interface (UI) in response to a user's trigger action. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises a link associating an item with an item provider corresponding to the item. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the link is a short URL. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6, wherein the link is a long URL. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the digital media comprises a digital asset and the interactive multimedia package comprises the digital asset. 10. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving an interactive multimedia package and a digital media, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item related to an object of the digital media to a user in response to a user's command; processing the multimedia package to generate trigger data, the trigger data being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command; and displaying the trigger data with the digital media in response to a triggering event. 11. The computer-implemented method of 10, further comprising displaying a user interface to the user in response to a user's trigger action. 12. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the digital media is displayed in a first screen and the UI is configured to be displayed in a second screen different from the first screen. 13. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the digital media is displayed in a first screen and the UI is configured to be displayed in the first screen, 14. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the UI is configured to be displayed simultaneously with the digital media. 15. The computer-implemented method of 11, wherein the UI is configured to be displayed when the digital media is paused. 16. A system comprising:
a processor; memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a set of instructions configured to cause the processor to:
identify an object in a digital media;
identify a set of items related to the object, each item of the set of items corresponding to an item provider; and
associate the set of items with the object to generate an interactive multimedia package, the interactive multimedia package being configured to present an item of the set of items to a user in response to a user's command. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to provide the interactive multimedia package to a digital media provider providing the digital media. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises a link configured to associate an item with an item provider corresponding to the item and the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to register the link with the item. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the set of instructions is further configured to cause the processor to replace the first link with a second link. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the interactive multimedia package comprises trigger data configured to be displayed in response to a triggering event. | 2,400 |
8,407 | 8,407 | 15,074,304 | 2,483 | Methods and apparatus are disclosed that assist a user such as a doctor in examining large areas of skin quickly and effectively by determining an attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin; generating a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features; arranging the tile images in accordance with the attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and controlling a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. Advantageously, systems and methods according to the present disclosure enable the organization and presentation of large sets of visual as well as non-visual data that can be readily navigated and assimilated by the user. | 1. A method performed by a skin imaging apparatus, comprising:
determining at least one attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin; generating a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features; arranging the tile images in accordance with the at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and controlling a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 3. The method of claim 1 comprising performing a correction of the tile images, the correction including at least one of a color correction with respect to an overall skin color and a perspective correction. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein arranging includes at least one of sorting, grouping, and filtering the tile images. 5. The method of claim 1 comprising detecting each of the plurality skin features in the one or more images of skin. 6. The method of claim 1 comprising processing the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 7. The method of claim 1 comprising associating a tile image of a skin feature with an additional image of the skin feature, including at least one of a dermoscopy, confocal microscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising generating a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, wherein controlling the display device includes controlling the display device to display one or more of the tile images on the 3D model. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein arranging the tile images includes arranging the tile images in two or more hierarchical levels, each successive level including two or more sub-groups of each group of tile images of a preceding level. 10. The method of claim 1 comprising associating one or more of the tile images with additional information related to the one or more skin features of said one or more tile images. 11. The method of claim 1 comprising controlling the display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for each of a selected one or more of the skin features. 12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising instructions for causing a skin imaging apparatus to perform the method of claim 1. 13. A skin imaging apparatus comprising:
a storage device containing instructions; and a processor executing the instructions to:
determine at least one attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin;
generate a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features;
arrange the tile images in accordance with the at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and
control a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, and pathological significance. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to perform a correction of the tile images, the correction including at least one of a color correction with respect to an overall skin color and a perspective correction. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein arranging includes at least one of sorting, grouping, and filtering the tile images. 17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to detect each of the plurality skin features in the one or more images of skin. 18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to process the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 19. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to associate a tile image of a skin feature with an additional image of the skin feature, including at least one of a dermoscopy, confocal microscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. 20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to:
generate a 3D model using the one or more images of skin; and control the display device to display the 3D model with one or more of the tile images on the 3D model. 21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein arranging the tile images includes arranging the tile images in two or more hierarchical levels, each successive level including two or more sub-groups of each group of tile images of a preceding level. 22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to associate one or more of the tile images with additional information related to the one or more features of said one or more tile images. 23. A method performed by a skin imaging apparatus, comprising:
detecting a plurality of skin features in one or more images of skin; determining at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; selecting at least one of the plurality of skin features in accordance with the at least one attribute; and controlling a display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 25. The method of claim 23 comprising processing the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 26. The method of claim 23 comprising generating a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, wherein controlling the display device to display the one or more images of skin includes controlling the display device to display the 3D model with the indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 27. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising instructions for causing a skin imaging apparatus to perform the method of claim 23. 28. A skin imaging apparatus comprising:
a storage device containing instructions; and a processor executing the instructions to:
detect a plurality of skin features in one or more images of skin;
determine at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features;
select at least one of the plurality of skin features in accordance with the at least one attribute; and
control a display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the processor executes instructions to process the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 31. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the processor executes instructions to:
generate a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, and control the display device to display the 3D model with the indication for the at least one selected skin feature. | Methods and apparatus are disclosed that assist a user such as a doctor in examining large areas of skin quickly and effectively by determining an attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin; generating a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features; arranging the tile images in accordance with the attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and controlling a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. Advantageously, systems and methods according to the present disclosure enable the organization and presentation of large sets of visual as well as non-visual data that can be readily navigated and assimilated by the user.1. A method performed by a skin imaging apparatus, comprising:
determining at least one attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin; generating a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features; arranging the tile images in accordance with the at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and controlling a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 3. The method of claim 1 comprising performing a correction of the tile images, the correction including at least one of a color correction with respect to an overall skin color and a perspective correction. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein arranging includes at least one of sorting, grouping, and filtering the tile images. 5. The method of claim 1 comprising detecting each of the plurality skin features in the one or more images of skin. 6. The method of claim 1 comprising processing the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 7. The method of claim 1 comprising associating a tile image of a skin feature with an additional image of the skin feature, including at least one of a dermoscopy, confocal microscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. 8. The method of claim 1 comprising generating a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, wherein controlling the display device includes controlling the display device to display one or more of the tile images on the 3D model. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein arranging the tile images includes arranging the tile images in two or more hierarchical levels, each successive level including two or more sub-groups of each group of tile images of a preceding level. 10. The method of claim 1 comprising associating one or more of the tile images with additional information related to the one or more skin features of said one or more tile images. 11. The method of claim 1 comprising controlling the display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for each of a selected one or more of the skin features. 12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising instructions for causing a skin imaging apparatus to perform the method of claim 1. 13. A skin imaging apparatus comprising:
a storage device containing instructions; and a processor executing the instructions to:
determine at least one attribute associated with each of a plurality of skin features included in one or more images of skin;
generate a tile image of each of the plurality of skin features;
arrange the tile images in accordance with the at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; and
control a display device to display the tile images of the plurality of skin features. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, and pathological significance. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to perform a correction of the tile images, the correction including at least one of a color correction with respect to an overall skin color and a perspective correction. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein arranging includes at least one of sorting, grouping, and filtering the tile images. 17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to detect each of the plurality skin features in the one or more images of skin. 18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to process the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 19. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to associate a tile image of a skin feature with an additional image of the skin feature, including at least one of a dermoscopy, confocal microscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) image. 20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to:
generate a 3D model using the one or more images of skin; and control the display device to display the 3D model with one or more of the tile images on the 3D model. 21. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein arranging the tile images includes arranging the tile images in two or more hierarchical levels, each successive level including two or more sub-groups of each group of tile images of a preceding level. 22. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor executes instructions to associate one or more of the tile images with additional information related to the one or more features of said one or more tile images. 23. A method performed by a skin imaging apparatus, comprising:
detecting a plurality of skin features in one or more images of skin; determining at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features; selecting at least one of the plurality of skin features in accordance with the at least one attribute; and controlling a display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 25. The method of claim 23 comprising processing the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 26. The method of claim 23 comprising generating a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, wherein controlling the display device to display the one or more images of skin includes controlling the display device to display the 3D model with the indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 27. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising instructions for causing a skin imaging apparatus to perform the method of claim 23. 28. A skin imaging apparatus comprising:
a storage device containing instructions; and a processor executing the instructions to:
detect a plurality of skin features in one or more images of skin;
determine at least one attribute associated with each of the plurality of skin features;
select at least one of the plurality of skin features in accordance with the at least one attribute; and
control a display device to display the one or more images of skin with an indication for the at least one selected skin feature. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the at least one attribute includes at least one of a size, shape, color, location, pathological significance, and pathological classification. 30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the processor executes instructions to process the one or more images of skin, including performing at least one of a filtering, noise removal, and hair removal procedure. 31. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the processor executes instructions to:
generate a 3D model using the one or more images of skin, and control the display device to display the 3D model with the indication for the at least one selected skin feature. | 2,400 |
8,408 | 8,408 | 14,316,507 | 2,456 | A system for managing a virtualized computing system is disclosed. The system enables a user of a mobile device to efficiently track and manage computing resources via a management application that includes a graphical user interface that is designed to be operated using a conventional terminal (e.g., via a mouse and keyboard). The system may receive commands from the user of the mobile device in a first format and translate the commands into a second format that can be executed by a management application. Embodiments of the present disclosure further enable a management application to verify and securely communicate with users via existing communications services (e.g., social networking services) without expending additional resources to develop custom, secure interfaces for multiple mobile software and hardware platforms. | 1. A method of processing commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), comprising:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein receiving the first message via the communications service comprises monitoring and retrieving content posted by the communications service account on the social networking service. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising establishing a trusted relationship with the communications service account based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, and wherein receiving the first message from the communications service account is performed after establishing the trusted relationship. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
receiving a response from the management application based on the one or more commands; and transmitting the response to the communications service account via the communications service. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the response comprises a uniform resource locator (URL), and further comprising associating, with the URL, one or more configuration parameters of the virtualized computing system that were modified via the one or more commands. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising accessing the authorized user account to determine whether the communications service account has permission to issue at least one type of command included in the one or more commands. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more commands included in the first message are indicated by a symbol associated with the first format. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising updating a database entry associated with the authorized user account to include a social networking service account and permissions associated with the social networking service account. 10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed in a computing device, process commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), by performing the steps of:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein receiving the first message via the communications service comprises monitoring and retrieving content posted by the communications service account on the social networking service. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of establishing a trusted relationship with the communications service account based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, and wherein receiving the first message from the communications service account is performed after establishing the trusted relationship 14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the steps of:
receiving a response from the management application based on the one or more commands; and transmitting the response to the communications service account via the communications service. 15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the response comprises a uniform resource locator (URL), and further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of associating, with the URL, one or more configuration parameters of the virtualized computing system that were modified via the one or more commands. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of accessing the authorized user account to determine whether the communications service account has permission to issue at least one type of command included in the one or more commands. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein each of the one or more commands included in the first message are indicated by a symbol associated with the first format. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of updating a database entry associated with the authorized user account to include a social networking service account and permissions associated with the social networking service account. 19. A computer system for processing commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), the computer system comprising a system memory and a processor programmed to carry out the steps of:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; and translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 20. The computer system of claim 19, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. | A system for managing a virtualized computing system is disclosed. The system enables a user of a mobile device to efficiently track and manage computing resources via a management application that includes a graphical user interface that is designed to be operated using a conventional terminal (e.g., via a mouse and keyboard). The system may receive commands from the user of the mobile device in a first format and translate the commands into a second format that can be executed by a management application. Embodiments of the present disclosure further enable a management application to verify and securely communicate with users via existing communications services (e.g., social networking services) without expending additional resources to develop custom, secure interfaces for multiple mobile software and hardware platforms.1. A method of processing commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), comprising:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein receiving the first message via the communications service comprises monitoring and retrieving content posted by the communications service account on the social networking service. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising establishing a trusted relationship with the communications service account based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, and wherein receiving the first message from the communications service account is performed after establishing the trusted relationship. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
receiving a response from the management application based on the one or more commands; and transmitting the response to the communications service account via the communications service. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the response comprises a uniform resource locator (URL), and further comprising associating, with the URL, one or more configuration parameters of the virtualized computing system that were modified via the one or more commands. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising accessing the authorized user account to determine whether the communications service account has permission to issue at least one type of command included in the one or more commands. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more commands included in the first message are indicated by a symbol associated with the first format. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising updating a database entry associated with the authorized user account to include a social networking service account and permissions associated with the social networking service account. 10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed in a computing device, process commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), by performing the steps of:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein receiving the first message via the communications service comprises monitoring and retrieving content posted by the communications service account on the social networking service. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of establishing a trusted relationship with the communications service account based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, and wherein receiving the first message from the communications service account is performed after establishing the trusted relationship 14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the steps of:
receiving a response from the management application based on the one or more commands; and transmitting the response to the communications service account via the communications service. 15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the response comprises a uniform resource locator (URL), and further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of associating, with the URL, one or more configuration parameters of the virtualized computing system that were modified via the one or more commands. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of accessing the authorized user account to determine whether the communications service account has permission to issue at least one type of command included in the one or more commands. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein each of the one or more commands included in the first message are indicated by a symbol associated with the first format. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising instructions that, when executed in the computing device, perform the step of updating a database entry associated with the authorized user account to include a social networking service account and permissions associated with the social networking service account. 19. A computer system for processing commands for a management application that manages a virtualized computing system comprising a plurality of physical host computers executing one or more virtual machines (VMs), the computer system comprising a system memory and a processor programmed to carry out the steps of:
determining that a communications service account associated with a communications service corresponds to an authorized user account associated with the management application; receiving a first message from the communications service account via the communications service, the first message comprising one or more commands for managing the virtualized computing system, the one or more commands formatted according to a first format; parsing the first message to extract the one or more commands; and translating the one or more commands from the first format to a second format that is executable by the management application; and based on determining that the communications service account corresponds to the authorized user account, causing the management application to execute the one or more commands. 20. The computer system of claim 19, wherein the communications service comprises a social networking service. | 2,400 |
8,409 | 8,409 | 14,913,392 | 2,484 | In order to display on a screen, in a way suitable for surgical applications, an object shown in a 3D data set, there is provided a display with various views in combination with a 3D operating element on a common screen. Turning the 3D operating element about an axis of rotation in one window results in a corresponding change of views in the other windows. A rotational operation is thereby decoupled from a translational operation. | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A method of depicting on a screen an object imaged in a volume data record, the method comprising the following steps:
providing a volume data record; displaying a 3D operating element assigned to the object in a window of the screen, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, wherein a plurality of axes of rotation intersect in the center of rotation, and the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; displaying a number of views, based on the volume data record, in a number of further windows of the screen, carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views that are based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows using respectively one translation operating element, assigned to one of the views and being displaceable within a window, the translation operating element being an orientation line that is imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically relative to the screen, at least in an initial position thereof; and linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and of the views to one another so that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in one window causes a corresponding change in the views in all further windows; wherein the rotation and the translation are decoupled from one another. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of orientation lines extend continuously over two adjacent further windows and, in the respective views displayed therein, indicate an equal height position or an equal lateral position, from which positions the image data of the view displayed in a respective third further window emerge. 13. The method according to claim 11, which comprises providing the 3D operating element in the window and/or providing the object in the further windows such that a center of the window is assigned to the central point of the object volume, at least in an initial position thereof. 14. The method according to claim 11, which comprises arranging a center of rotation in a center of the window, at least in an initial position thereof. 15. The method according to claim 11, which comprises displaying a volume rendering technique volume depiction of the object itself as a 3D operating element assigned to the object and/or displaying three orthogonal multiplanar reconstruction views as the views based on the volume data record. 16. The method according to claim 15, which comprises maintaining an orthogonality of the MPR views in the case of a change in the depiction. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein, in the case of any rotational or translational operation, all of the views extend through a common object-related focal point at all times, and mark the focal point as a point of intersection of the orientation lines, by way of suitable updating. 18. The method according to claim 17, which comprises setting a view in at least one of the further windows such that the focal point corresponds to a target point of the object in order subsequently to depict at the 3D operating element a surface point corresponding to the target point. 19. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 11, the device comprising:
a device for providing a volume data record; a device for depicting in a window of a display screen a 3D operating element assigned to an object, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, a plurality of axes of rotation intersect in the center of rotation, and the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; a device for depicting views of new formations of the volume data record in a plurality of further windows of the display screen; a device for carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows, in each case using a translation operating element, in the form of an orientation line, assigned to one of the views and displaceable within a window, the translation operating element being imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically in respect of the screen, at least in an initial position thereof; a device for linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and the views to one another such that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in one window causes as a consequence a corresponding change in the views in all further windows; and wherein a rotational operation and a translational operation are decoupled from one another. 20. A computer program for depicting on a screen an object imaged in a volume data record, the computer program comprising:
computer program instructions for providing a volume data record when the computer program instructions are executed on a computer; computer program instructions for depicting in a window of the screen a 3D operating element assigned to the object when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, in which center of rotation a plurality of axes of rotation intersect, and wherein the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; computer program instructions for depicting views of new formations of the volume data record in a plurality of further windows of the screen when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; computer program instructions for carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows, in each case using a translation operating element, in the form of an orientation line, assigned to one of the views and displaceable within a window, which translation operating element is imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically in respect of the screen, at least in an initial position thereof, when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; computer program instructions for linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and the views to one another in such a way that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in the one window has as a consequence a corresponding change in the views in all further windows when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; wherein a rotational operation and a translational operation are decoupled from one another. | In order to display on a screen, in a way suitable for surgical applications, an object shown in a 3D data set, there is provided a display with various views in combination with a 3D operating element on a common screen. Turning the 3D operating element about an axis of rotation in one window results in a corresponding change of views in the other windows. A rotational operation is thereby decoupled from a translational operation.1-10. (canceled) 11. A method of depicting on a screen an object imaged in a volume data record, the method comprising the following steps:
providing a volume data record; displaying a 3D operating element assigned to the object in a window of the screen, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, wherein a plurality of axes of rotation intersect in the center of rotation, and the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; displaying a number of views, based on the volume data record, in a number of further windows of the screen, carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views that are based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows using respectively one translation operating element, assigned to one of the views and being displaceable within a window, the translation operating element being an orientation line that is imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically relative to the screen, at least in an initial position thereof; and linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and of the views to one another so that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in one window causes a corresponding change in the views in all further windows; wherein the rotation and the translation are decoupled from one another. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a plurality of orientation lines extend continuously over two adjacent further windows and, in the respective views displayed therein, indicate an equal height position or an equal lateral position, from which positions the image data of the view displayed in a respective third further window emerge. 13. The method according to claim 11, which comprises providing the 3D operating element in the window and/or providing the object in the further windows such that a center of the window is assigned to the central point of the object volume, at least in an initial position thereof. 14. The method according to claim 11, which comprises arranging a center of rotation in a center of the window, at least in an initial position thereof. 15. The method according to claim 11, which comprises displaying a volume rendering technique volume depiction of the object itself as a 3D operating element assigned to the object and/or displaying three orthogonal multiplanar reconstruction views as the views based on the volume data record. 16. The method according to claim 15, which comprises maintaining an orthogonality of the MPR views in the case of a change in the depiction. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein, in the case of any rotational or translational operation, all of the views extend through a common object-related focal point at all times, and mark the focal point as a point of intersection of the orientation lines, by way of suitable updating. 18. The method according to claim 17, which comprises setting a view in at least one of the further windows such that the focal point corresponds to a target point of the object in order subsequently to depict at the 3D operating element a surface point corresponding to the target point. 19. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 11, the device comprising:
a device for providing a volume data record; a device for depicting in a window of a display screen a 3D operating element assigned to an object, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, a plurality of axes of rotation intersect in the center of rotation, and the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; a device for depicting views of new formations of the volume data record in a plurality of further windows of the display screen; a device for carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows, in each case using a translation operating element, in the form of an orientation line, assigned to one of the views and displaceable within a window, the translation operating element being imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically in respect of the screen, at least in an initial position thereof; a device for linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and the views to one another such that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in one window causes as a consequence a corresponding change in the views in all further windows; and wherein a rotational operation and a translational operation are decoupled from one another. 20. A computer program for depicting on a screen an object imaged in a volume data record, the computer program comprising:
computer program instructions for providing a volume data record when the computer program instructions are executed on a computer; computer program instructions for depicting in a window of the screen a 3D operating element assigned to the object when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer, wherein a center of rotation is assigned to the 3D operating element, in which center of rotation a plurality of axes of rotation intersect, and wherein the center of rotation is identical to a center of rotation of the volume data record; computer program instructions for depicting views of new formations of the volume data record in a plurality of further windows of the screen when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; computer program instructions for carrying out a translation within the meaning of a depth selection of the views based on the volume data record in each one of the further windows, in each case using a translation operating element, in the form of an orientation line, assigned to one of the views and displaceable within a window, which translation operating element is imaged in at least one of the windows and arranged horizontally or vertically in respect of the screen, at least in an initial position thereof, when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; computer program instructions for linking the depictions of the 3D operating element and the views to one another in such a way that a rotation of the 3D operating element about one of the axes of rotation in the one window has as a consequence a corresponding change in the views in all further windows when the computer program instructions are executed on the computer; wherein a rotational operation and a translational operation are decoupled from one another. | 2,400 |
8,410 | 8,410 | 14,547,945 | 2,465 | There is provided support mechanisms for at least one adding and removing a cell from operation in a heterogeneous radio network having a first type of basic cell for providing basic radio coverage and a second type of cell associated to a basic cell as a capacity enhancing cell. A capacity enhancing cell is selectively switched on and off. When the capacity enhancing cell is shut down the cell does not exist over the air while cell configuration information is kept. When the capacity enhancing cell is switched on the cell becomes available again over the air interface. An indication of shut-down and a wake-up call message for switch-on of the capacity enhancing cell are communicated between a base station serving the capacity enhancing cell and a base station serving the basic cell. In this way energy savings can be supported without disrupting service availability. | 1. A method of operating a base station serving a basic cell providing basic radio coverage, said basic cell having a neighbour cell relation to an associated capacity enhancing cell served by another base station, said method comprising the steps of:
the base station serving the basic cell receiving an indication on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) that the associated capacity enhancing cell is shut off over the air for energy saving purposes, and keeping corresponding cell configuration information, wherein when shut off the capacity enhancing cell does not provide radio coverage and does not provide radio signal transmissions, and wherein the another base station serving the capacity enhancing cell remains on when the capacity enhancing cell is shut off; and the base station serving the basic cell sending a wake-up call message on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) to the another base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell when it is decided that the base station serving the basic cell needs the capacity enhancing cell to return operational. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell indicates that it needs the capacity enhancing cell(s) to return operational via said wake-up call message in the X2AP protocol. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said wake-up call message is a Cell Activation Request. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said indication is received in the eNB Configuration Update procedure of the X2AP protocol. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the reason for the shut-off as an action due to energy-saving purposes is indicated in the eNB Configuration Update procedure. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell is making a wake-up decision for activation of the capacity enhancing cell based on load-related parameters of the basic cell so that the decision to switch on the capacity enhancing cell is neighbour-induced. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell is based on statistics on at least one of load in the basic cell and load balancing actions the basic cell triggers towards the capacity enhancing cell. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the basic cell and the capacity enhancing cell represent different types of cells in a heterogeneous radio communication network. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the heterogeneous radio communication network has a Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS), and the basic cell is a cell on a lower HCS layer and the capacity enhancing cell is a cell on a higher HCS layer. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell and the base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell are radio network elements of different radio access technologies. 11. A base station having a radio coverage unit configured to serve a basic cell providing basic radio coverage, and a neighbour cell relation unit configured to manage a neighbour cell relation between said basic cell and an associated capacity enhancing cell served by another base station, wherein said base station comprises:
a cell configuration information unit configured to receive an indication, on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP), that the associated capacity enhancing cell is shut down over the air for energy saving purposes, and to keep corresponding cell configuration information, wherein when shut down the capacity enhancing cell does not provide radio coverage and does not provide radio signal transmissions, and wherein the another base station serving the capacity enhancing cell remains on when the capacity enhancing cell is shut down; and a wake-up call unit configured to send a wake-up call message, on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP), to the another base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell when it is decided that the base station serving the basic cell needs the capacity enhancing cell to return operational. 12. The base station of claim 11, wherein said wake-up call unit is configured to indicate that it needs the capacity enhancing cell(s) to return operational via said wake-up call message in the X2AP protocol. 13. The base station of claim 12, wherein said wake-up call message is a Cell Activation Request. 14. The base station of claim 11, wherein said cell configuration information unit is configured to receive said indication in the eNB Configuration Update procedure of the X2AP protocol. 15. The base station of claim 14, wherein said base station is configured to receive an indication of the reason for shut-down as an action due to energy-saving purposes in the eNB Configuration Update procedure. 16. The base station of claim 11, wherein said a wake-up call unit comprises a wake-up decision unit configured to make a wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell based on load-related parameters of the basic cell so that the decision to switch on the capacity enhancing cell is neighbour-induced. 17. The base station of claim 16, wherein said wake-up decision unit is configured to make said wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell based on statistics on at least one of load in the basic cell and load balancing actions the basic cell triggers towards the capacity enhancing cell. 18. The base station of claim 11, wherein the basic cell and the capacity enhancing cell represent different types of cells in a heterogeneous radio communication network. 19. The base station of claim 18, wherein the heterogeneous radio communication network has a Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS), and the basic cell is a cell on a lower HCS layer and the capacity enhancing cell is a cell on a higher HCS layer. 20. The base station of claim 11, wherein the base station serving the basic cell and the base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell are radio network elements of different radio access technologies. | There is provided support mechanisms for at least one adding and removing a cell from operation in a heterogeneous radio network having a first type of basic cell for providing basic radio coverage and a second type of cell associated to a basic cell as a capacity enhancing cell. A capacity enhancing cell is selectively switched on and off. When the capacity enhancing cell is shut down the cell does not exist over the air while cell configuration information is kept. When the capacity enhancing cell is switched on the cell becomes available again over the air interface. An indication of shut-down and a wake-up call message for switch-on of the capacity enhancing cell are communicated between a base station serving the capacity enhancing cell and a base station serving the basic cell. In this way energy savings can be supported without disrupting service availability.1. A method of operating a base station serving a basic cell providing basic radio coverage, said basic cell having a neighbour cell relation to an associated capacity enhancing cell served by another base station, said method comprising the steps of:
the base station serving the basic cell receiving an indication on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) that the associated capacity enhancing cell is shut off over the air for energy saving purposes, and keeping corresponding cell configuration information, wherein when shut off the capacity enhancing cell does not provide radio coverage and does not provide radio signal transmissions, and wherein the another base station serving the capacity enhancing cell remains on when the capacity enhancing cell is shut off; and the base station serving the basic cell sending a wake-up call message on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP) to the another base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell when it is decided that the base station serving the basic cell needs the capacity enhancing cell to return operational. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell indicates that it needs the capacity enhancing cell(s) to return operational via said wake-up call message in the X2AP protocol. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said wake-up call message is a Cell Activation Request. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said indication is received in the eNB Configuration Update procedure of the X2AP protocol. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the reason for the shut-off as an action due to energy-saving purposes is indicated in the eNB Configuration Update procedure. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell is making a wake-up decision for activation of the capacity enhancing cell based on load-related parameters of the basic cell so that the decision to switch on the capacity enhancing cell is neighbour-induced. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell is based on statistics on at least one of load in the basic cell and load balancing actions the basic cell triggers towards the capacity enhancing cell. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the basic cell and the capacity enhancing cell represent different types of cells in a heterogeneous radio communication network. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the heterogeneous radio communication network has a Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS), and the basic cell is a cell on a lower HCS layer and the capacity enhancing cell is a cell on a higher HCS layer. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station serving the basic cell and the base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell are radio network elements of different radio access technologies. 11. A base station having a radio coverage unit configured to serve a basic cell providing basic radio coverage, and a neighbour cell relation unit configured to manage a neighbour cell relation between said basic cell and an associated capacity enhancing cell served by another base station, wherein said base station comprises:
a cell configuration information unit configured to receive an indication, on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP), that the associated capacity enhancing cell is shut down over the air for energy saving purposes, and to keep corresponding cell configuration information, wherein when shut down the capacity enhancing cell does not provide radio coverage and does not provide radio signal transmissions, and wherein the another base station serving the capacity enhancing cell remains on when the capacity enhancing cell is shut down; and a wake-up call unit configured to send a wake-up call message, on the Radio Network Layer (RNL) in the X2 Application Protocol (X2AP), to the another base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell when it is decided that the base station serving the basic cell needs the capacity enhancing cell to return operational. 12. The base station of claim 11, wherein said wake-up call unit is configured to indicate that it needs the capacity enhancing cell(s) to return operational via said wake-up call message in the X2AP protocol. 13. The base station of claim 12, wherein said wake-up call message is a Cell Activation Request. 14. The base station of claim 11, wherein said cell configuration information unit is configured to receive said indication in the eNB Configuration Update procedure of the X2AP protocol. 15. The base station of claim 14, wherein said base station is configured to receive an indication of the reason for shut-down as an action due to energy-saving purposes in the eNB Configuration Update procedure. 16. The base station of claim 11, wherein said a wake-up call unit comprises a wake-up decision unit configured to make a wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell based on load-related parameters of the basic cell so that the decision to switch on the capacity enhancing cell is neighbour-induced. 17. The base station of claim 16, wherein said wake-up decision unit is configured to make said wake-up decision for activation of the capacity-enhancing cell based on statistics on at least one of load in the basic cell and load balancing actions the basic cell triggers towards the capacity enhancing cell. 18. The base station of claim 11, wherein the basic cell and the capacity enhancing cell represent different types of cells in a heterogeneous radio communication network. 19. The base station of claim 18, wherein the heterogeneous radio communication network has a Hierarchical Cell Structure (HCS), and the basic cell is a cell on a lower HCS layer and the capacity enhancing cell is a cell on a higher HCS layer. 20. The base station of claim 11, wherein the base station serving the basic cell and the base station serving the associated capacity enhancing cell are radio network elements of different radio access technologies. | 2,400 |
8,411 | 8,411 | 15,046,096 | 2,465 | A system that includes a telephone adapted for connection to a data communications network. The telephone is capable of discovering other devices connected to the data communications network and using those devices to extend its own functionality. The telephone is also accessible and controllable by other devices on the data communications network. | 1. A telephone, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having stored therein an operating system; the telephone being adapted to connect to a data communication network, to advertise a service provided by the telephone to one or more devices communicatively connected to the data communication network, and to provide the service to a particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving a request for the service therefrom, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. 2. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone is adapted to advertise the service provided by the telephone in accordance with a Universal Plug and Play protocol. 3. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing telephone user interface and signaling information. 4. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the services comprises establishing a telephone call. 5. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises transferring a telephone call. 6. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing a teleconferencing function. 7. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises playing an audio file. 8. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises streaming audio information associated with a telephone call. 9. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing a notification of an incoming telephone call. 10. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone comprises a display and wherein the service comprises providing a video output service using the display. 11. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone comprises a speaker and wherein the service comprises providing an audio output service using the speaker. 12. A method for operating a telephone communicatively connected to a data network, comprising:
advertising a service provided by the telephone to one or more devices communicatively connected to the data communication network; receiving a request for the service from a particular one of the one or more devices; and providing the service to the particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving the request, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein advertising the service provided by the telephone comprises advertising the service provided by the telephone in accordance with a Universal Plug and Play protocol. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises providing telephone user interface and signaling information. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises establishing a telephone call. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises transferring a telephone call. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises providing a teleconferencing function. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises playing an audio file. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises streaming audio information associated with a telephone call. 20. A system, comprising:
one or more devices communicatively connected to a data communication network; and a telephone communicatively connected to the data communication network, the telephone being adapted to advertise a service provided by the telephone to the one or more devices, and to provide the service to a particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving a request for the service therefrom, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. | A system that includes a telephone adapted for connection to a data communications network. The telephone is capable of discovering other devices connected to the data communications network and using those devices to extend its own functionality. The telephone is also accessible and controllable by other devices on the data communications network.1. A telephone, comprising:
a processor; and a memory having stored therein an operating system; the telephone being adapted to connect to a data communication network, to advertise a service provided by the telephone to one or more devices communicatively connected to the data communication network, and to provide the service to a particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving a request for the service therefrom, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. 2. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone is adapted to advertise the service provided by the telephone in accordance with a Universal Plug and Play protocol. 3. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing telephone user interface and signaling information. 4. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the services comprises establishing a telephone call. 5. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises transferring a telephone call. 6. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing a teleconferencing function. 7. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises playing an audio file. 8. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises streaming audio information associated with a telephone call. 9. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the service comprises providing a notification of an incoming telephone call. 10. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone comprises a display and wherein the service comprises providing a video output service using the display. 11. The telephone of claim 1, wherein the telephone comprises a speaker and wherein the service comprises providing an audio output service using the speaker. 12. A method for operating a telephone communicatively connected to a data network, comprising:
advertising a service provided by the telephone to one or more devices communicatively connected to the data communication network; receiving a request for the service from a particular one of the one or more devices; and providing the service to the particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving the request, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein advertising the service provided by the telephone comprises advertising the service provided by the telephone in accordance with a Universal Plug and Play protocol. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises providing telephone user interface and signaling information. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises establishing a telephone call. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises transferring a telephone call. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises providing a teleconferencing function. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises playing an audio file. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the service comprises streaming audio information associated with a telephone call. 20. A system, comprising:
one or more devices communicatively connected to a data communication network; and a telephone communicatively connected to the data communication network, the telephone being adapted to advertise a service provided by the telephone to the one or more devices, and to provide the service to a particular one of the one or more devices in response to receiving a request for the service therefrom, whereby the telephone operates as a peripheral to the particular one of the one or more devices to expand the capabilities thereof. | 2,400 |
8,412 | 8,412 | 14,332,040 | 2,488 | Automotive mirrors may be replaced by a multi-lens-equipped touchscreen to enable mirrorless driving that may help open a new avenue for identifying energy-saving and environment-friendly solutions to enhance driving safety by harnessing vehicle traffic to incentivize a mixed reality. The mirrorless driving may eventually encompass not just vehicular black boxes and rearview backup cameras but also ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System). | 1. An in-vehicle system for implementing mirrorless driving of an automotive vehicle, comprising steps of arranging one or more mounting positions respectively of:
a plurality of digital camera lenses or digital image sensors on a vehicular body; a haptic touchscreen coupled to the system, the haptic screen enabling a plurality of split windows and popup windows to replace automotive side mirrors and rear-view mirrors; and a plurality of lens balls, the spherical architecture of digital camera lenses, on a driver's side and a passenger's side on said vehicular body. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein enabling horizontal rotating and vertical swiveling of a plurality of lens balls is achieved, comprising steps of:
providing a vertical axis and a horizontal axis to a bracket supporting one or more said lens balls; arranging a crisscross array of more than one lens on said lens balls; installing a servomechanism, either RC servos or wired, to enable position control of each of said lens balls; and implementing an all-weather mechanism in said bracket to clean, defog, and defrost lenses in extreme weather conditions,
and wherein an electromechanical structure of said lens balls is enabled to rotate or swivel independently from one another. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein hierarchy in displaying a multitude of images propagated from lens balls is determined by a sequence of Persistence of Vision. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a haptic touchscreen is activated by one or more finger actions inclusive of “dragging, tapping, tapping & holding, and circling”, comprising steps of:
merging a plurality of split windows into one or more bigger split windows to zoom in or out;
magnifying a view of a highlighted spot of on-screen images by a factor of an even or odd number;
enabling a multitude of surplus images propagated from digital image sensors, the surplus images being deployed outside a screen borderline by default settings and thus being made invisible, to be viewed on-screen by said finger actions;
and displaying a panoramic front-view or rear-view, by digitally stitching together a plurality of images from two or more digital image sensors;
and wherein a digital control board in a digital or analog form factor is virtualized to partly or wholly replace conventional tasks of electromechanical control in an instrument panel, comprising steps of:
replacing a plurality of conventional mechanical devices, inclusive of buttons, knobs and gear shifters, into a human-to-computer interaction;
and implementing interface dividers between finger actions and voice commands; 5. The system of claim 4, wherein a virtual reality is enabled, comprising steps of:
virtualizing traffic signs, either permanent or temporary, and road hazards or obstacles so as to be displayed on a haptic touchscreen; performing on-screen superimposition of digital maps or visual data events from both roadside CCTV and cloud-based data centers, regardless of whether said data events are being propagated either archived, just in time or in real-time; and enabling remote viewing of any road accident scene or any abnormal traffic scene, occurring in real time, in a popup window form factor. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein digital camera lenses and a haptic touchscreen coupled to said system can incorporate a video-based EDR (Event Data Recorder) and a rearview back-up camera in sync in a user-centric privacy setting. 7. A method for incentivizing a driver's voluntary compliance with traffic regulations, comprising steps of:
generating a periodical self-evaluation report on said driver's own accumulative driving behaviors by recording data events from a plurality of on-vehicle digital camera lenses or digital image sensors, and a haptic touchscreen coupled to said sensors; optionalizing said report to be used as either a self-review or a supporting evidence to quantify eligibility for short-term or long-term rewards from regulatory agencies and insurers; enabling snapshots or video clips of a close-by vehicle or more engaged in a wrongful act of driving unintentionally captured on said driver's haptic touchscreen, with an option of submitting said snapshots or video clips as third-party evidence to regulatory agencies or insurers; and synchronizing a multitude of application software associated with ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System) to be integrated so as to achieve incentivizing objectives. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein a multitude of on-vehicle digital image sensors and a haptic touchscreen coupled thereto are integrated to centrally collect sample data events of driving behaviors from voluntary drivers to implement pattern recognition from the thus collected data samples. | Automotive mirrors may be replaced by a multi-lens-equipped touchscreen to enable mirrorless driving that may help open a new avenue for identifying energy-saving and environment-friendly solutions to enhance driving safety by harnessing vehicle traffic to incentivize a mixed reality. The mirrorless driving may eventually encompass not just vehicular black boxes and rearview backup cameras but also ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System).1. An in-vehicle system for implementing mirrorless driving of an automotive vehicle, comprising steps of arranging one or more mounting positions respectively of:
a plurality of digital camera lenses or digital image sensors on a vehicular body; a haptic touchscreen coupled to the system, the haptic screen enabling a plurality of split windows and popup windows to replace automotive side mirrors and rear-view mirrors; and a plurality of lens balls, the spherical architecture of digital camera lenses, on a driver's side and a passenger's side on said vehicular body. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein enabling horizontal rotating and vertical swiveling of a plurality of lens balls is achieved, comprising steps of:
providing a vertical axis and a horizontal axis to a bracket supporting one or more said lens balls; arranging a crisscross array of more than one lens on said lens balls; installing a servomechanism, either RC servos or wired, to enable position control of each of said lens balls; and implementing an all-weather mechanism in said bracket to clean, defog, and defrost lenses in extreme weather conditions,
and wherein an electromechanical structure of said lens balls is enabled to rotate or swivel independently from one another. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein hierarchy in displaying a multitude of images propagated from lens balls is determined by a sequence of Persistence of Vision. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a haptic touchscreen is activated by one or more finger actions inclusive of “dragging, tapping, tapping & holding, and circling”, comprising steps of:
merging a plurality of split windows into one or more bigger split windows to zoom in or out;
magnifying a view of a highlighted spot of on-screen images by a factor of an even or odd number;
enabling a multitude of surplus images propagated from digital image sensors, the surplus images being deployed outside a screen borderline by default settings and thus being made invisible, to be viewed on-screen by said finger actions;
and displaying a panoramic front-view or rear-view, by digitally stitching together a plurality of images from two or more digital image sensors;
and wherein a digital control board in a digital or analog form factor is virtualized to partly or wholly replace conventional tasks of electromechanical control in an instrument panel, comprising steps of:
replacing a plurality of conventional mechanical devices, inclusive of buttons, knobs and gear shifters, into a human-to-computer interaction;
and implementing interface dividers between finger actions and voice commands; 5. The system of claim 4, wherein a virtual reality is enabled, comprising steps of:
virtualizing traffic signs, either permanent or temporary, and road hazards or obstacles so as to be displayed on a haptic touchscreen; performing on-screen superimposition of digital maps or visual data events from both roadside CCTV and cloud-based data centers, regardless of whether said data events are being propagated either archived, just in time or in real-time; and enabling remote viewing of any road accident scene or any abnormal traffic scene, occurring in real time, in a popup window form factor. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein digital camera lenses and a haptic touchscreen coupled to said system can incorporate a video-based EDR (Event Data Recorder) and a rearview back-up camera in sync in a user-centric privacy setting. 7. A method for incentivizing a driver's voluntary compliance with traffic regulations, comprising steps of:
generating a periodical self-evaluation report on said driver's own accumulative driving behaviors by recording data events from a plurality of on-vehicle digital camera lenses or digital image sensors, and a haptic touchscreen coupled to said sensors; optionalizing said report to be used as either a self-review or a supporting evidence to quantify eligibility for short-term or long-term rewards from regulatory agencies and insurers; enabling snapshots or video clips of a close-by vehicle or more engaged in a wrongful act of driving unintentionally captured on said driver's haptic touchscreen, with an option of submitting said snapshots or video clips as third-party evidence to regulatory agencies or insurers; and synchronizing a multitude of application software associated with ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System) to be integrated so as to achieve incentivizing objectives. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein a multitude of on-vehicle digital image sensors and a haptic touchscreen coupled thereto are integrated to centrally collect sample data events of driving behaviors from voluntary drivers to implement pattern recognition from the thus collected data samples. | 2,400 |
8,413 | 8,413 | 14,192,905 | 2,488 | In a system and method for determining vital sign information of a subject the subject is illuminated with radiation, and radiation reflected from the subject is received. A region of interest is located in a first phase. Said illumination is controlled to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information. Finally, vital sign information of the subject is determined from the radiation reflected from said region of interest and detected in said second phase. | 1. A system for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
an illumination device that illuminates the subject with radiation, a detection device that receives radiation reflected from the subject, a processing unit that locates a region of interest in a first phase, a control unit that controls said illumination device to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and an analysis unit that determines vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 2. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illuminate, in said first phase, said subject with invisible or low-level visible radiation to enable or support locating the region of interest. 3. The system according to claim 2,
wherein said illumination device comprises a first illumination unit for illuminating the subject with radiation in a first frequency range in said first phase and a second illumination unit for illuminating said region of interest of the subject with light in at least a second frequency range in said second phase, and wherein said detection device comprises a first detection unit for receiving first radiation reflected from the subject in said first frequency range in said first phase and a second detection unit for receiving second radiation reflected from at least said region of interest of the subject in said second frequency range in said second phase. 4. The system according to claim 3,
wherein said first detection unit and said second detection unit are implemented by a common imaging unit, in particular a video camera. 5. The system according to claim 3,
wherein said first illumination unit is configured to illuminate the subject with infrared radiation. 6. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illuminate said region of interest with focused radiation at an increased intensity level compared to the radiation used for illumination in the first phase. 7. The system according to claim 1,
further comprising a marker attached to the subject's body, the subject's clothing and/or the subject's surrounding and configured to reflect or emit radiation, and wherein said processing unit is configured to detect said marker in the radiation detected in the first phase and to locate the region of interest at a predetermined relative location with respect to said marker or at a location indicated by said marker. 8. The system according to claim 7,
wherein said marker comprises machine-readable information, in particular a graphical pattern, including information about the position of the region of interest. 9. The system according to claim 7,
further comprising a user interface for entering an information about the relative location of the region of interest with respect to said marker. 10. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said illumination device comprises an LCD projector, an LED light source or an array of light sources. 11. The system according to claim 1,
further comprising a manipulation unit for mechanically or electronically moving and/or focusing the light beam emitted by said illumination device and/or for changing the position and/or orientation of said illumination device. 12. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said illumination device is configured to emit coded or modulated visible light in said second phase. 13. The system according to claim 7,
wherein the marker is arranged on a fabric that is adapted to contact the subject or a medical item that is adapted to contact the subject. 14. The system according to claim 7,
wherein the marker is positioned on or adjacent to the face, chest, arm, hand or neck of the subject. 15. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said processing unit is configured to detect the location of the eyes of the subject in the first phase and said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illumination a portion of the subject's face but not the eyes in the second phase. 16. A method for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
illuminating the subject with radiation, receiving radiation reflected from the subject, locating a region of interest in a first phase, to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 17. A computer readable non-transitory medium having instructions stored thereon which, when carried out on a computer, cause the computer to perform the following steps of the method as claimed in claim 16:
locating a region of interest in a first phase, controlling said illumination to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 18. A system for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
an illuminator for illuminating the subject with radiation, a detector for receiving radiation reflected from the subject, a processor for locating a region of interest in a first phase, a controller for controlling said illumination device to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and an analyzer for determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. | In a system and method for determining vital sign information of a subject the subject is illuminated with radiation, and radiation reflected from the subject is received. A region of interest is located in a first phase. Said illumination is controlled to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information. Finally, vital sign information of the subject is determined from the radiation reflected from said region of interest and detected in said second phase.1. A system for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
an illumination device that illuminates the subject with radiation, a detection device that receives radiation reflected from the subject, a processing unit that locates a region of interest in a first phase, a control unit that controls said illumination device to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and an analysis unit that determines vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 2. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illuminate, in said first phase, said subject with invisible or low-level visible radiation to enable or support locating the region of interest. 3. The system according to claim 2,
wherein said illumination device comprises a first illumination unit for illuminating the subject with radiation in a first frequency range in said first phase and a second illumination unit for illuminating said region of interest of the subject with light in at least a second frequency range in said second phase, and wherein said detection device comprises a first detection unit for receiving first radiation reflected from the subject in said first frequency range in said first phase and a second detection unit for receiving second radiation reflected from at least said region of interest of the subject in said second frequency range in said second phase. 4. The system according to claim 3,
wherein said first detection unit and said second detection unit are implemented by a common imaging unit, in particular a video camera. 5. The system according to claim 3,
wherein said first illumination unit is configured to illuminate the subject with infrared radiation. 6. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illuminate said region of interest with focused radiation at an increased intensity level compared to the radiation used for illumination in the first phase. 7. The system according to claim 1,
further comprising a marker attached to the subject's body, the subject's clothing and/or the subject's surrounding and configured to reflect or emit radiation, and wherein said processing unit is configured to detect said marker in the radiation detected in the first phase and to locate the region of interest at a predetermined relative location with respect to said marker or at a location indicated by said marker. 8. The system according to claim 7,
wherein said marker comprises machine-readable information, in particular a graphical pattern, including information about the position of the region of interest. 9. The system according to claim 7,
further comprising a user interface for entering an information about the relative location of the region of interest with respect to said marker. 10. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said illumination device comprises an LCD projector, an LED light source or an array of light sources. 11. The system according to claim 1,
further comprising a manipulation unit for mechanically or electronically moving and/or focusing the light beam emitted by said illumination device and/or for changing the position and/or orientation of said illumination device. 12. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said illumination device is configured to emit coded or modulated visible light in said second phase. 13. The system according to claim 7,
wherein the marker is arranged on a fabric that is adapted to contact the subject or a medical item that is adapted to contact the subject. 14. The system according to claim 7,
wherein the marker is positioned on or adjacent to the face, chest, arm, hand or neck of the subject. 15. The system according to claim 1,
wherein said processing unit is configured to detect the location of the eyes of the subject in the first phase and said control unit is configured to control said illumination device to illumination a portion of the subject's face but not the eyes in the second phase. 16. A method for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
illuminating the subject with radiation, receiving radiation reflected from the subject, locating a region of interest in a first phase, to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 17. A computer readable non-transitory medium having instructions stored thereon which, when carried out on a computer, cause the computer to perform the following steps of the method as claimed in claim 16:
locating a region of interest in a first phase, controlling said illumination to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. 18. A system for determining vital sign information of a subject comprising:
an illuminator for illuminating the subject with radiation, a detector for receiving radiation reflected from the subject, a processor for locating a region of interest in a first phase, a controller for controlling said illumination device to locally illuminate, in a second phase, the located region of interest with radiation allowing determination of vital sign information, and an analyzer for determining vital sign information of the subject from the radiation reflected from said region of interest detected in said second phase. | 2,400 |
8,414 | 8,414 | 14,058,934 | 2,423 | A data analyzer engine can be configured to receive feedback indicating different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment. The data analyzer engine analyzes the feedback to identify most popular consumed content amongst the different content and produces a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment. The content guide can include one or more selectable viewing options to view a rendition of content being identified as more or most popular. Each of one or more playback devices or other suitable resources retrieves and initiates display of the content guide on a display screen. Accordingly, a subscriber can view different available content options as well as an identification of content that is currently the most popular consumed content amongst viewers. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. 2. The method as in claim 1, wherein initiating display of the content guide includes:
displaying the selectable viewing option as a particular selectable channel amongst the multiple selectable channels, the selectable viewing option indicating an identity of the popular content. 3. The method as in claim 2, wherein the selectable viewing option is a given channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide, the given channel allocated to transmit a copy of most popular consumed content amongst the multiple selectable channels, the method further comprising:
in response to detecting that particular content is currently the most popular consumed content, transmitting the copy of the most popular consumed content on the given channel in the cable network environment. 4. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the content guide on which the popular content is available. 5. The method as in claim 1, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide:
initiating display of a first symbol on the display screen, the first symbol representing the first content, the first symbol indicating that the first content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment; and
initiating display of a second symbol on the display screen, the second symbol representing the second content, the second symbol indicating that the second content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment. 6. The method as in claim 1, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, initiating display of multiple window regions including a first window region and a second window region on the display screen, the first window region displaying playback of a rendition of the first content, the second window region displaying playback of a rendition of the second content. 7. The method as in claim 6, wherein the first content is received over a first channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide; and
wherein the second content is received over a second channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide. 8. The method as in claim 7, wherein the second window region plays back the rendition of the second content at a first resolution, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the second window region:
tuning to the second channel to retrieve the second content; and
initiating display of a substantially full screen playback rendition of the second content on the display screen, the substantially full screen rendition of the second content being displayed in accordance with a second resolution, the second resolution substantially greater that the first resolution. 9. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
receiving selection of a genre amongst multiple genres; and
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, displaying identities of the more popular content for the selected genre. 10. The method as in claim 1, wherein the display screen is disparately located with respect to a primary display screen controlled by a respective subscriber to view content selected for viewing from the content guide. 11. The method as in claim 10, wherein the display screen is part of a remote controller device used to select content for viewing and playback of content on the primary display screen. 12. The method as in claim 1, wherein the different content is different streams of content consumed by the subscribers, the method further comprising:
receiving feedback indicating the different streams of content currently consumed by subscribers in the cable network environment; analyzing the feedback in substantially real-time to produce the content ranking information, the content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of the different streams of content. 13. A method comprising:
initiating distribution of selected streaming content to a given subscriber in a cable network environment, the given subscriber playing back a rendition of the selected streaming content on a display screen; and initiating display of an overlay notification on the rendition of the selected streaming content, the notification indicating popular streaming content in a content ranking, the popular streaming content different than the selected content played back on the display screen. 14. The method as in claim 13 further comprising:
initiating display of the notification on the display screen in response to detecting that the selected content currently played back on the display screen is not the more popular content as indicated by the ranking. 15. The method as in claim 14 further comprising:
producing an information guide to indicate the popular content; and
initiating display of the information guide on the display screen. 16. The method as in claim 15 further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of a selectable viewing option from the information guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the information guide on which the popular content is available. 17. The method as in claim 13, wherein the content ranking is based at least in part on a number of subscribers in the cable network environment that currently retrieve the different streaming content for consumption. 18. A system comprising:
computer processor hardware; and a hardware storage resource coupled to communicate with the computer processor hardware, the hardware storage resource storing instructions that, when executed by the computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to perform operations of: receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. 19. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein initiating display of the content guide includes:
displaying the selectable viewing option as a particular selectable channel amongst the multiple selectable channels, the selectable viewing option indicating an identity of the popular content. 20. The computer system as in claim 19, wherein the selectable viewing option is a given channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide, the given channel allocated to transmit a copy of most popular consumed content amongst the multiple selectable channels, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to detecting that particular content is currently the most popular consumed content, transmitting the copy of the most popular consumed content on the given channel in the cable network environment. 21. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the content guide on which the popular content is available. 22. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide:
initiating display of a first symbol on the display screen, the first symbol representing the first content, the first symbol indicating that the first content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment; and
initiating display of a second symbol on the display screen, the second symbol representing the second content, the second symbol indicating that the second content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment. 23. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, initiating display of multiple window regions including a first window region and a second window region on the display screen, the first window region displaying playback of a rendition of the first content, the second window region displaying playback of a rendition of the second content. 24. The computer system as in claim 23, wherein the first content is received over a first channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide; and
wherein the second content is received over a second channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide. 25. The computer system as in claim 24, wherein the second window region plays back the rendition of the second content at a first resolution, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the second window region:
tuning to the second channel to retrieve the second content; and
initiating display of a substantially full screen playback rendition of the second content on the display screen, the substantially full screen rendition of the second content being displayed in accordance with a second resolution, the second resolution substantially greater that the first resolution. 26. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
receiving selection of a genre amongst multiple genres; and in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, displaying identities of the more popular content for the selected genre. 27. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the display screen is disparately located with respect to a primary display screen controlled by a respective subscriber to view content selected for viewing from the content guide. 28. The computer system as in claim 27, wherein the display screen is part of a remote controller device used to select content for viewing and playback of content on the primary display screen. 29. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the different content is different streams of content consumed by the subscribers, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
receiving feedback indicating the different streams of content currently consumed by subscribers in the cable network environment; analyzing the feedback in substantially real-time to produce the content ranking information, the content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of the different streams of content. 30. A system comprising:
computer processor hardware; and a hardware storage resource coupled to communicate with the computer processor hardware, the hardware storage resource storing instructions that, when executed by the computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to perform operations of: initiating distribution of selected streaming content to a given subscriber in a cable network environment, the given subscriber playing back a rendition of the selected streaming content on a display screen; and initiating display of an overlay notification on the rendition of the selected streaming content, the notification indicating popular streaming content in a content ranking, the popular streaming content different than the selected content played back on the display screen. 31. The computer system as in claim 30, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
initiating display of the notification on the display screen in response to detecting that the selected content currently played back on the display screen is not the more popular content as indicated by the ranking. 32. The computer system as in claim 31, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
producing an information guide to indicate the popular content; and initiating display of the information guide on the display screen. 33. The computer system as in claim 32, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
in response to receiving selection of a selectable viewing option from the information guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the information guide on which the popular content is available. 34. The computer system as in claim 31, wherein the content ranking is based at least in part on a number of subscribers in the cable network environment that currently retrieve the different streaming content for consumption. 35. Computer-readable hardware storage having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when carried out by computer processor hardware, causing the computer processor hardware to perform operations of:
receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. | A data analyzer engine can be configured to receive feedback indicating different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment. The data analyzer engine analyzes the feedback to identify most popular consumed content amongst the different content and produces a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment. The content guide can include one or more selectable viewing options to view a rendition of content being identified as more or most popular. Each of one or more playback devices or other suitable resources retrieves and initiates display of the content guide on a display screen. Accordingly, a subscriber can view different available content options as well as an identification of content that is currently the most popular consumed content amongst viewers.1. A method comprising:
receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. 2. The method as in claim 1, wherein initiating display of the content guide includes:
displaying the selectable viewing option as a particular selectable channel amongst the multiple selectable channels, the selectable viewing option indicating an identity of the popular content. 3. The method as in claim 2, wherein the selectable viewing option is a given channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide, the given channel allocated to transmit a copy of most popular consumed content amongst the multiple selectable channels, the method further comprising:
in response to detecting that particular content is currently the most popular consumed content, transmitting the copy of the most popular consumed content on the given channel in the cable network environment. 4. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the content guide on which the popular content is available. 5. The method as in claim 1, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide:
initiating display of a first symbol on the display screen, the first symbol representing the first content, the first symbol indicating that the first content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment; and
initiating display of a second symbol on the display screen, the second symbol representing the second content, the second symbol indicating that the second content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment. 6. The method as in claim 1, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, initiating display of multiple window regions including a first window region and a second window region on the display screen, the first window region displaying playback of a rendition of the first content, the second window region displaying playback of a rendition of the second content. 7. The method as in claim 6, wherein the first content is received over a first channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide; and
wherein the second content is received over a second channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide. 8. The method as in claim 7, wherein the second window region plays back the rendition of the second content at a first resolution, the method further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of the second window region:
tuning to the second channel to retrieve the second content; and
initiating display of a substantially full screen playback rendition of the second content on the display screen, the substantially full screen rendition of the second content being displayed in accordance with a second resolution, the second resolution substantially greater that the first resolution. 9. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
receiving selection of a genre amongst multiple genres; and
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, displaying identities of the more popular content for the selected genre. 10. The method as in claim 1, wherein the display screen is disparately located with respect to a primary display screen controlled by a respective subscriber to view content selected for viewing from the content guide. 11. The method as in claim 10, wherein the display screen is part of a remote controller device used to select content for viewing and playback of content on the primary display screen. 12. The method as in claim 1, wherein the different content is different streams of content consumed by the subscribers, the method further comprising:
receiving feedback indicating the different streams of content currently consumed by subscribers in the cable network environment; analyzing the feedback in substantially real-time to produce the content ranking information, the content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of the different streams of content. 13. A method comprising:
initiating distribution of selected streaming content to a given subscriber in a cable network environment, the given subscriber playing back a rendition of the selected streaming content on a display screen; and initiating display of an overlay notification on the rendition of the selected streaming content, the notification indicating popular streaming content in a content ranking, the popular streaming content different than the selected content played back on the display screen. 14. The method as in claim 13 further comprising:
initiating display of the notification on the display screen in response to detecting that the selected content currently played back on the display screen is not the more popular content as indicated by the ranking. 15. The method as in claim 14 further comprising:
producing an information guide to indicate the popular content; and
initiating display of the information guide on the display screen. 16. The method as in claim 15 further comprising:
in response to receiving selection of a selectable viewing option from the information guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the information guide on which the popular content is available. 17. The method as in claim 13, wherein the content ranking is based at least in part on a number of subscribers in the cable network environment that currently retrieve the different streaming content for consumption. 18. A system comprising:
computer processor hardware; and a hardware storage resource coupled to communicate with the computer processor hardware, the hardware storage resource storing instructions that, when executed by the computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to perform operations of: receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. 19. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein initiating display of the content guide includes:
displaying the selectable viewing option as a particular selectable channel amongst the multiple selectable channels, the selectable viewing option indicating an identity of the popular content. 20. The computer system as in claim 19, wherein the selectable viewing option is a given channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide, the given channel allocated to transmit a copy of most popular consumed content amongst the multiple selectable channels, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to detecting that particular content is currently the most popular consumed content, transmitting the copy of the most popular consumed content on the given channel in the cable network environment. 21. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the content guide on which the popular content is available. 22. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide:
initiating display of a first symbol on the display screen, the first symbol representing the first content, the first symbol indicating that the first content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment; and
initiating display of a second symbol on the display screen, the second symbol representing the second content, the second symbol indicating that the second content is amongst the popular content of the multiple selectable channels currently selected for viewing in the cable network environment. 23. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the popular content includes first content and second content available for retrieval in the cable network environment, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, initiating display of multiple window regions including a first window region and a second window region on the display screen, the first window region displaying playback of a rendition of the first content, the second window region displaying playback of a rendition of the second content. 24. The computer system as in claim 23, wherein the first content is received over a first channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide; and
wherein the second content is received over a second channel of the multiple selectable channels in the content guide. 25. The computer system as in claim 24, wherein the second window region plays back the rendition of the second content at a first resolution, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
in response to receiving selection of the second window region:
tuning to the second channel to retrieve the second content; and
initiating display of a substantially full screen playback rendition of the second content on the display screen, the substantially full screen rendition of the second content being displayed in accordance with a second resolution, the second resolution substantially greater that the first resolution. 26. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
receiving selection of a genre amongst multiple genres; and in response to receiving selection of the selectable viewing option from the content guide, displaying identities of the more popular content for the selected genre. 27. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the display screen is disparately located with respect to a primary display screen controlled by a respective subscriber to view content selected for viewing from the content guide. 28. The computer system as in claim 27, wherein the display screen is part of a remote controller device used to select content for viewing and playback of content on the primary display screen. 29. The computer system as in claim 18, wherein the different content is different streams of content consumed by the subscribers, the computer processor hardware further executing operations of:
receiving feedback indicating the different streams of content currently consumed by subscribers in the cable network environment; analyzing the feedback in substantially real-time to produce the content ranking information, the content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of the different streams of content. 30. A system comprising:
computer processor hardware; and a hardware storage resource coupled to communicate with the computer processor hardware, the hardware storage resource storing instructions that, when executed by the computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to perform operations of: initiating distribution of selected streaming content to a given subscriber in a cable network environment, the given subscriber playing back a rendition of the selected streaming content on a display screen; and initiating display of an overlay notification on the rendition of the selected streaming content, the notification indicating popular streaming content in a content ranking, the popular streaming content different than the selected content played back on the display screen. 31. The computer system as in claim 30, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
initiating display of the notification on the display screen in response to detecting that the selected content currently played back on the display screen is not the more popular content as indicated by the ranking. 32. The computer system as in claim 31, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
producing an information guide to indicate the popular content; and initiating display of the information guide on the display screen. 33. The computer system as in claim 32, wherein the computer processor hardware further performs operations of:
in response to receiving selection of a selectable viewing option from the information guide, tuning to a channel as specified in the information guide on which the popular content is available. 34. The computer system as in claim 31, wherein the content ranking is based at least in part on a number of subscribers in the cable network environment that currently retrieve the different streaming content for consumption. 35. Computer-readable hardware storage having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when carried out by computer processor hardware, causing the computer processor hardware to perform operations of:
receiving content ranking information indicating popularity rankings of different content currently consumed by subscribers in a cable network environment; producing a content guide to include multiple selectable channels from which content is available for retrieval over a shared communication link in the cable network environment, the content guide including a selectable viewing option to view a rendition of popular content as specified by the content ranking information; and initiating display of the content guide on a display screen. | 2,400 |
8,415 | 8,415 | 15,237,915 | 2,449 | Disclosed herein is an event management server for providing services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server, the event management server including: an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information; and a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, transmit the data to the information processing device, acquire details of a user operation performed on the information processing device to register for participation, prepare registration information that correlates a user with the event, and store the registration information in a storage device. The correlation information preparation section extracts matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. | 1. An event management server for providing services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the event management server comprising:
an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information; and a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmit the data to the information processing device, the correlation information preparation section also adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, prepare registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and store the registration information in a storage device, wherein the correlation information preparation section extracts matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 2. The event management server of claim 1 further comprising:
a participation operation setup section adapted to prepare, on the basis of the registration information, setup data that sets up a given operation to be started by the information processing device at a given time relative to a start time of the event in which the user is registered for participation and to transmit the setup data to the information processing device, wherein
the correlation information preparation section determines a destination of the setup data transmitted by the participation operation setup section on the basis of a rule set in advance from among the plurality of information processing devices that can be used by a user who performed the user operation to register for participation in the event. 3. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts the matching events as recommended events, at least, on the basis of the number of users registered for participation of all the other users registered as friends. 4. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts the matching events as recommended events on the basis of information related to game play tendencies of the user of the information processing device and correlation information between game and event. 5. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts at least events in which the user is not registered for participation as possible events in which the user can participate. 6. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section correlates each event represented by the event data with information about other users registered for participation in the event of all the other users registered as friends and transmits the information to the information processing device. 7. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section prepares a game list that compiles event-related information as the event data on a matching game-by-matching game basis and transmits the game list to the information processing device. 8. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section correlates each event represented by the event data with information about operations allowed for the user to perform at that time for the event and transmits the information to the information processing device. 9. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the event data includes images acquired from the content provision server that represent the event. 10. An information processing system comprising:
an information processing device adapted to perform an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration; and an event management server adapted to provide services related to participation in events to the information processing device, the event management server including
an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information, and
a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmit the data to the information processing device,
the information processing device including
an input information acquisition section adapted to accept a user operation to set up a condition and display event-related information and transmit the user operation to the event management server, and
an event participation operation control section adapted to accept a user operation to register for participation in one of events represented by event data transmitted in response to a request and transmit the user operation to the event management server, wherein
the correlation information preparation section prepares registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation and stores the registration information in the storage device on the basis of a user operation to register for participation, and the correlation information preparation section also extracts events that match the condition on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 11. An information processing device configured to acquire, via a network, data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration to perform a processing task using the data, the information processing device comprising:
an input information acquisition section adapted to accept a user operation to set up a condition and display event-related information, and transmit the user operation to a connected event management server; and an event participation operation control section adapted to display event data transmitted from the management server that represents events matching the condition in a given format and accept a user operation performed for one of the events represented by the event data, wherein the event data includes, for each event, user information that is information about other users registered for participation of all the other users registered as friends and operation information that is information about operations allowed for the user to perform at that time for the event. 12. An event participation management method used by an event management server that provides services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the event participation management method comprising:
storing event-related information in a memory; acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extracting events that match the details of the user operation, preparing event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmitting the data to the information processing device; and acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, preparing registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and storing the registration information in a storage device, wherein the transmitting the data to the information processing device extracts the matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 13. A computer-readable recording medium storing a computer program, the computer program for a computer that provides services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the program comprising:
by an event information storage section, storing event-related information in a memory; by a correlation information preparation section, acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extracting events that match the details of the user operation, preparing event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmitting the data to the information processing device; and by the correlation information preparation section, acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, preparing registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and storing the registration information in a storage device, wherein the transmitting the data to the information processing device extracts the matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. | Disclosed herein is an event management server for providing services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server, the event management server including: an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information; and a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, transmit the data to the information processing device, acquire details of a user operation performed on the information processing device to register for participation, prepare registration information that correlates a user with the event, and store the registration information in a storage device. The correlation information preparation section extracts matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information.1. An event management server for providing services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the event management server comprising:
an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information; and a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmit the data to the information processing device, the correlation information preparation section also adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, prepare registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and store the registration information in a storage device, wherein the correlation information preparation section extracts matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 2. The event management server of claim 1 further comprising:
a participation operation setup section adapted to prepare, on the basis of the registration information, setup data that sets up a given operation to be started by the information processing device at a given time relative to a start time of the event in which the user is registered for participation and to transmit the setup data to the information processing device, wherein
the correlation information preparation section determines a destination of the setup data transmitted by the participation operation setup section on the basis of a rule set in advance from among the plurality of information processing devices that can be used by a user who performed the user operation to register for participation in the event. 3. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts the matching events as recommended events, at least, on the basis of the number of users registered for participation of all the other users registered as friends. 4. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts the matching events as recommended events on the basis of information related to game play tendencies of the user of the information processing device and correlation information between game and event. 5. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section extracts at least events in which the user is not registered for participation as possible events in which the user can participate. 6. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section correlates each event represented by the event data with information about other users registered for participation in the event of all the other users registered as friends and transmits the information to the information processing device. 7. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section prepares a game list that compiles event-related information as the event data on a matching game-by-matching game basis and transmits the game list to the information processing device. 8. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the correlation information preparation section correlates each event represented by the event data with information about operations allowed for the user to perform at that time for the event and transmits the information to the information processing device. 9. The event management server of claim 1, wherein
the event data includes images acquired from the content provision server that represent the event. 10. An information processing system comprising:
an information processing device adapted to perform an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration; and an event management server adapted to provide services related to participation in events to the information processing device, the event management server including
an event information storage section adapted to store event-related information, and
a correlation information preparation section adapted to acquire details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extract events that match the details of the user operation, prepare event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmit the data to the information processing device,
the information processing device including
an input information acquisition section adapted to accept a user operation to set up a condition and display event-related information and transmit the user operation to the event management server, and
an event participation operation control section adapted to accept a user operation to register for participation in one of events represented by event data transmitted in response to a request and transmit the user operation to the event management server, wherein
the correlation information preparation section prepares registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation and stores the registration information in the storage device on the basis of a user operation to register for participation, and the correlation information preparation section also extracts events that match the condition on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 11. An information processing device configured to acquire, via a network, data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration to perform a processing task using the data, the information processing device comprising:
an input information acquisition section adapted to accept a user operation to set up a condition and display event-related information, and transmit the user operation to a connected event management server; and an event participation operation control section adapted to display event data transmitted from the management server that represents events matching the condition in a given format and accept a user operation performed for one of the events represented by the event data, wherein the event data includes, for each event, user information that is information about other users registered for participation of all the other users registered as friends and operation information that is information about operations allowed for the user to perform at that time for the event. 12. An event participation management method used by an event management server that provides services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the event participation management method comprising:
storing event-related information in a memory; acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extracting events that match the details of the user operation, preparing event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmitting the data to the information processing device; and acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, preparing registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and storing the registration information in a storage device, wherein the transmitting the data to the information processing device extracts the matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. 13. A computer-readable recording medium storing a computer program, the computer program for a computer that provides services related to participation in events to an information processing device that performs an information processing task using data provided as an event by a content provision server for a set duration, the program comprising:
by an event information storage section, storing event-related information in a memory; by a correlation information preparation section, acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to display event-related information is performed on the information processing device, extracting events that match the details of the user operation, preparing event data that represents the events in a given format, and transmitting the data to the information processing device; and by the correlation information preparation section, acquiring details of a user operation when user operation to register for participation in one of the events represented by the event data is performed on the information processing device, preparing registration information that correlates a user with the event in which the user is registered for participation, and storing the registration information in a storage device, wherein the transmitting the data to the information processing device extracts the matching events on the basis of user information that includes the registration information. | 2,400 |
8,416 | 8,416 | 15,672,613 | 2,466 | Methods and apparatus are disclosed for receiving user data in a wireless communication system that employs coordinated multi-point transmission of the user data from a first cell serving a wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site. In an exemplary system, the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern, while the second cell site maps control data and traffic data to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. An exemplary method comprises extracting user data, according to the first mapping pattern, from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detecting a control element transmitted by one of the first and second cell sites, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and, responsive to said detecting, extracting user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site. | 1. A method in a wireless terminal for receiving user data in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of the user data from a first cell site serving the wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site, wherein the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a plurality of time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern and the second cell site maps control signals and user data to the plurality of time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern, the method comprising:
extracting user data, according to the first mapping pattern, from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detecting a control element transmitted by the first cell site, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and responsive to said detecting, extracting user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signals comprise one or more of control-channel data, cell-specific reference signals, user-equipment-specific reference signals, and synchronization signals. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the control element comprises decoding one or more bits of a received downlink resource-allocation message. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the control element indicates one of a plurality of pre-determined shift patterns for common reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the control element further indicates that the second mapping pattern maps user data to one or more fewer OFDM symbols than the first mapping pattern. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second transmissions occur during first and second non-coincident transmission time intervals. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second transmissions at least partially overlap in time, and wherein the method further comprises separating the first and second transmissions using one of space-time diversity processing and spatial de-multiplexing processing. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signals comprise user-equipment-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data according to the second mapping pattern, and wherein the method further comprises extracting the user-equipment-specific reference signals from the second transmission according to the second mapping pattern. 9. A wireless terminal for use in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from a first cell site serving the wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site, wherein the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a plurality of time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern and the second cell site maps control signals and user data to the plurality of time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern, the wireless terminal comprising a receiver circuit configured to:
extract user data according to the first mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detect a control element transmitted by the first cell site, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and in response to detecting the control element, extract user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site. 10. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control signals comprise one or more of control-channel data, cell-specific reference signals, user-equipment-specific reference signals, and synchronization signals. 11. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the receiver circuit detects the control element by decoding one or more bits of a received downlink resource-allocation message. 12. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control element indicates one of a plurality of pre-determined shift patterns for cell-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data. 13. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control element further indicates that the second mapping pattern maps user data to one or more fewer OFDM symbols than the first mapping pattern. 14. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the first and second transmissions occur during first and second non-coincident transmission time intervals. 15. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the first and second transmissions at least partially overlap in time, and wherein the receiver circuit is further configured to separate the first and second transmissions using one of space-time diversity processing and spatial de-multiplexing processing. 16. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control signals comprise user-equipment-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data according to the second mapping pattern, and wherein the receiver circuit is further configured to extract the user-equipment-specific reference signals from the second transmission according to the second mapping pattern. 17. A method for transmitting user data, in a transmitter node of a first cell site in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from the first cell site and a second cell site serving a wireless terminal and neighboring the first cell site, the method comprising:
mapping user data, according to a first mapping pattern, to time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; and transmitting a control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising including the control element in a downlink resource allocation message, wherein transmitting the control element comprises transmitting the downlink resource-allocation message. 19. A transmitting node for use in a first cell site in a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from the first cell site and a second cell site serving a wireless terminal and neighboring the first cell site, the transmitting node comprising a transmitter circuit configured to:
map user data, according to a first mapping pattern, to time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; and
transmit a control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. 20. The transmitting node of claim 19, wherein the transmitter circuit is further configured to include the control element in a downlink resource allocation message and to transmit the control element by transmitting the downlink resource-allocation message. | Methods and apparatus are disclosed for receiving user data in a wireless communication system that employs coordinated multi-point transmission of the user data from a first cell serving a wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site. In an exemplary system, the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern, while the second cell site maps control data and traffic data to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. An exemplary method comprises extracting user data, according to the first mapping pattern, from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detecting a control element transmitted by one of the first and second cell sites, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and, responsive to said detecting, extracting user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site.1. A method in a wireless terminal for receiving user data in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of the user data from a first cell site serving the wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site, wherein the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a plurality of time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern and the second cell site maps control signals and user data to the plurality of time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern, the method comprising:
extracting user data, according to the first mapping pattern, from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detecting a control element transmitted by the first cell site, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and responsive to said detecting, extracting user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signals comprise one or more of control-channel data, cell-specific reference signals, user-equipment-specific reference signals, and synchronization signals. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the control element comprises decoding one or more bits of a received downlink resource-allocation message. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the control element indicates one of a plurality of pre-determined shift patterns for common reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the control element further indicates that the second mapping pattern maps user data to one or more fewer OFDM symbols than the first mapping pattern. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second transmissions occur during first and second non-coincident transmission time intervals. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second transmissions at least partially overlap in time, and wherein the method further comprises separating the first and second transmissions using one of space-time diversity processing and spatial de-multiplexing processing. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signals comprise user-equipment-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data according to the second mapping pattern, and wherein the method further comprises extracting the user-equipment-specific reference signals from the second transmission according to the second mapping pattern. 9. A wireless terminal for use in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from a first cell site serving the wireless terminal and a second cell site neighboring the first cell site, wherein the first cell site maps control signals and user data to a plurality of time-frequency resources according to a first mapping pattern and the second cell site maps control signals and user data to the plurality of time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern, the wireless terminal comprising a receiver circuit configured to:
extract user data according to the first mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; detect a control element transmitted by the first cell site, the control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to the second mapping pattern; and in response to detecting the control element, extract user data according to the second mapping pattern from time-frequency resources of a second transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the second cell site. 10. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control signals comprise one or more of control-channel data, cell-specific reference signals, user-equipment-specific reference signals, and synchronization signals. 11. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the receiver circuit detects the control element by decoding one or more bits of a received downlink resource-allocation message. 12. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control element indicates one of a plurality of pre-determined shift patterns for cell-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data. 13. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control element further indicates that the second mapping pattern maps user data to one or more fewer OFDM symbols than the first mapping pattern. 14. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the first and second transmissions occur during first and second non-coincident transmission time intervals. 15. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the first and second transmissions at least partially overlap in time, and wherein the receiver circuit is further configured to separate the first and second transmissions using one of space-time diversity processing and spatial de-multiplexing processing. 16. The wireless terminal of claim 9, wherein the control signals comprise user-equipment-specific reference signals interspersed among the time-frequency resources mapped to user data according to the second mapping pattern, and wherein the receiver circuit is further configured to extract the user-equipment-specific reference signals from the second transmission according to the second mapping pattern. 17. A method for transmitting user data, in a transmitter node of a first cell site in a wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from the first cell site and a second cell site serving a wireless terminal and neighboring the first cell site, the method comprising:
mapping user data, according to a first mapping pattern, to time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; and transmitting a control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising including the control element in a downlink resource allocation message, wherein transmitting the control element comprises transmitting the downlink resource-allocation message. 19. A transmitting node for use in a first cell site in a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system enabling coordinated multipoint transmission of user data from the first cell site and a second cell site serving a wireless terminal and neighboring the first cell site, the transmitting node comprising a transmitter circuit configured to:
map user data, according to a first mapping pattern, to time-frequency resources of a first transmission for the wireless terminal transmitted from the first cell site; and
transmit a control element indicating that user data associated with the control element is mapped to the time-frequency resources according to a second mapping pattern. 20. The transmitting node of claim 19, wherein the transmitter circuit is further configured to include the control element in a downlink resource allocation message and to transmit the control element by transmitting the downlink resource-allocation message. | 2,400 |
8,417 | 8,417 | 14,143,708 | 2,464 | Even when a radio terminal cannot receive content data from a base station to which the radio terminal serves, the radio terminal receives the content data from other base station. A wireless communication system ( 1 ) includes a plurality of radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ) and a radio terminal ( 40 ). The radio terminal ( 40 ) serves to a specific radio base station (serving radio base station) among the radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ). Moreover, the radio terminal ( 40 ) receives content data which is broadcasted or multicasted from a non-serving radio base station among the radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ) according to a gap pattern. | 1. A wireless communication system comprising:
a radio terminal; a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal; and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, wherein the radio terminal receives a Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the serving radio base station and the non-serving radio base station, and the radio terminal transmits information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 3. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 4. A radio terminal comprising:
a receiver that receives Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, and a transmitter that transmits information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 5. The radio terminal according to claim 4, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 6. The radio terminal according to claim 4, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 7. A radio base station comprising:
a transmitter that transmits Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) formation, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and a receiver that receives information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data from a radio terminal, wherein the information is received by the radio terminal in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and other radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal. 8. The radio base station according to claim 7, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 9. The radio base station according to claim 7, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 10. A communication method performed in a wireless communication system that includes a radio terminal, a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal, and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, the communication method comprising:
receiving, by the radio terminal, a-Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the serving radio base station and the non-serving radio base station, and
transmitting, by the radio terminal, information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 11. The communication method according to claim 10, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 12. The communication method according to claim 10, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 13. A communication method performed in a radio terminal comprising:
receiving Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal or a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal; and transmitting information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 14. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 15. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 16. A communication method in a radio base station comprising:
transmitting Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH); and receiving information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data from a radio terminal, wherein the information is received by the radio terminal in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and other radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal. 17. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 18. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 19. The wireless communication system according to claim 2, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 20. The radio terminal according to claim 5, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 21. The radio base station according to claim 8, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 22. The communication method according to claim 11, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 23. The communication method according to claim 14, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 24. The communication method according to claim 17, wherein said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. | Even when a radio terminal cannot receive content data from a base station to which the radio terminal serves, the radio terminal receives the content data from other base station. A wireless communication system ( 1 ) includes a plurality of radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ) and a radio terminal ( 40 ). The radio terminal ( 40 ) serves to a specific radio base station (serving radio base station) among the radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ). Moreover, the radio terminal ( 40 ) receives content data which is broadcasted or multicasted from a non-serving radio base station among the radio base stations ( 21 to 23 ) according to a gap pattern.1. A wireless communication system comprising:
a radio terminal; a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal; and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, wherein the radio terminal receives a Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the serving radio base station and the non-serving radio base station, and the radio terminal transmits information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 3. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 4. A radio terminal comprising:
a receiver that receives Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, and a transmitter that transmits information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 5. The radio terminal according to claim 4, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 6. The radio terminal according to claim 4, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 7. A radio base station comprising:
a transmitter that transmits Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) formation, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and a receiver that receives information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data from a radio terminal, wherein the information is received by the radio terminal in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and other radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal. 8. The radio base station according to claim 7, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 9. The radio base station according to claim 7, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 10. A communication method performed in a wireless communication system that includes a radio terminal, a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal, and a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal, the communication method comprising:
receiving, by the radio terminal, a-Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the serving radio base station and the non-serving radio base station, and
transmitting, by the radio terminal, information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 11. The communication method according to claim 10, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 12. The communication method according to claim 10, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 13. A communication method performed in a radio terminal comprising:
receiving Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) in a non-serving cell served by at least one of a serving radio base station that is serving the radio terminal or a non-serving radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal; and transmitting information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data to the serving base station. 14. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 15. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 16. A communication method in a radio base station comprising:
transmitting Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) control information, which is related to a MBMS content data, sent via at least one of Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) and Multicast Control Channel (MCCH); and receiving information that indicates radio resource information of the MBMS content data from a radio terminal, wherein the information is received by the radio terminal in a non-serving cell served by at least one of the radio base station that is serving the radio terminal and other radio base station that is not serving the radio terminal. 17. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein
said information includes at least frequency information that the radio terminal is receiving or intends to receive the MBMS content data. 18. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 19. The wireless communication system according to claim 2, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 20. The radio terminal according to claim 5, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 21. The radio base station according to claim 8, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 22. The communication method according to claim 11, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 23. The communication method according to claim 14, wherein
said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. 24. The communication method according to claim 17, wherein said information further includes at least one of MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframe information, MBSFN frame information, and a service index provided by MBSFN. | 2,400 |
8,418 | 8,418 | 14,562,097 | 2,449 | Novel tools and techniques are utilized or implemented for providing a cloud services marketplace. In some embodiments, a method might include providing an index of product offerings for selection. The index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier. The method might also include receiving a customer selection of one or more product offerings among the at least one product offering, and providing at least one network service needed to provision the one or more customer selected product offerings based on the respective qualifier. The at least one network service might be associated with at least one virtualized network function. The method might further include provisioning network resources to perform the at least one virtualized network function, based on the respective qualifier. | 1. An apparatus for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace, the apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; a non-transitory computer readable medium having encoded thereon computer software comprising a set of instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform one or more operations, the set of instructions comprising:
instructions for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace having an index of service offerings, the index of service offerings including at least one cloud service for selection, each of the at least one service offering in the index of service offerings including a respective qualifier, wherein the at least one cloud service invokes an at least one virtualized network function based on the respective qualifier, wherein the index of service offerings is configured to allow selection of the at least one cloud service; and
instructions for communicating with a marketplace database, the marketplace database comprising current cloud services to be listed in the index of product offerings. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises instructions for providing the service provider cloud services marketplace to virtualized service equipment over a cloud service network. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises instructions for updating the service provider cloud services marketplace with current product offerings from the marketplace database. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises:
instructions for receiving a service provider customer offering; and instructions for adding the service provider customer offering to the marketplace database. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes at least one network service including at least one virtualized network function associated with provisioning the at least one network service, the at least one network service including an associated unique qualifier, wherein network resources are provisioned to perform the at least one virtualized network function based on the associated unique qualifier. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes app services for a service provider to provide a customer offering to a subscriber, through the service provider cloud services marketplace. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes a customer offering for selection by a subscriber, the customer offering comprising a plurality of qualifiers for provisioning network services associated with the customer offering. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises:
instructions for receiving, from virtualized service equipment, a selection of one or more of the at least one product offering; instructions for transmitting a respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering, in response to the selection of one or more of the at least one product offering. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering is configured to set up virtualized service equipment to receive network services associated with a respective one of the at least one product offering. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each respective qualifier is configured to cause a network controller to provision network resources to provide the at least one virtualized network function. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one or more of the at least one product offering each comprises authorization to use a carrier defined application programming interface for accessing the at least one virtualized network function. 12. A system for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace, the system comprising:
virtualized service equipment in communication with a cloud service network, the virtualized service equipment configured to register with a central controller in the cloud service network and to receive a configuration file from the central controller, wherein the virtualized service equipment loads an appropriate base configuration based on the configuration file and bootstraps itself to the cloud environment, the base configuration configuring the virtualized service equipment to retrieve and display a user interface of a service provider cloud services marketplace; wherein the service provider cloud services marketplace comprises:
an index of product offerings for selection, the index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier, wherein the at least one product offering invokes at least one virtualized network function based on the respective qualifier, and wherein the index of product offerings is configured to allow selection of the at least one product offering. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes at least one network service including at least one virtualized network function associated with provisioning the at least one network service, the at least one network service including an associated unique qualifier, wherein network resources are provisioned to perform the at least one virtualized network function based on the associated unique qualifier. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes app services for a service provider to provide a customer offering to a subscriber, through the service provider cloud services marketplace. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes a customer offering for selection by a subscriber, the customer offering comprising a plurality of qualifiers for provisioning network services associated with the customer offering. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the virtualized service equipment is further configured to transmit one or more customer offerings to a marketplace database for listing in the index of product offerings. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering is configured to set up virtualized service equipment to receive network services associated with a respective one of the at least one product offering. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein each respective qualifier is configured to cause a network controller to provision network resources to provide the at least one virtualized network function. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein one or more of the at least one product offering each comprises authorization to use a carrier defined application programming interface for accessing the at least one virtualized network function. 20. A method of providing a cloud services marketplace, the method comprising:
providing an index of product offerings for selection, the index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier; receiving a customer selection of one or more product offerings among the at least one product offering; providing at least one network service needed to provision the one or more customer selected product offerings based on the respective qualifier, wherein the at least one network service is associated with at least one virtualized network function; and provisioning network resources to perform the at least one virtualized network function, based on the respective qualifier. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
receiving a service provider customer offering, wherein the service provider customer offering is created by a service provider using the at least one product offering; and adding the service provider customer offering to the index of product offerings. | Novel tools and techniques are utilized or implemented for providing a cloud services marketplace. In some embodiments, a method might include providing an index of product offerings for selection. The index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier. The method might also include receiving a customer selection of one or more product offerings among the at least one product offering, and providing at least one network service needed to provision the one or more customer selected product offerings based on the respective qualifier. The at least one network service might be associated with at least one virtualized network function. The method might further include provisioning network resources to perform the at least one virtualized network function, based on the respective qualifier.1. An apparatus for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace, the apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; a non-transitory computer readable medium having encoded thereon computer software comprising a set of instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform one or more operations, the set of instructions comprising:
instructions for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace having an index of service offerings, the index of service offerings including at least one cloud service for selection, each of the at least one service offering in the index of service offerings including a respective qualifier, wherein the at least one cloud service invokes an at least one virtualized network function based on the respective qualifier, wherein the index of service offerings is configured to allow selection of the at least one cloud service; and
instructions for communicating with a marketplace database, the marketplace database comprising current cloud services to be listed in the index of product offerings. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises instructions for providing the service provider cloud services marketplace to virtualized service equipment over a cloud service network. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises instructions for updating the service provider cloud services marketplace with current product offerings from the marketplace database. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises:
instructions for receiving a service provider customer offering; and instructions for adding the service provider customer offering to the marketplace database. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes at least one network service including at least one virtualized network function associated with provisioning the at least one network service, the at least one network service including an associated unique qualifier, wherein network resources are provisioned to perform the at least one virtualized network function based on the associated unique qualifier. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes app services for a service provider to provide a customer offering to a subscriber, through the service provider cloud services marketplace. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one product offering includes a customer offering for selection by a subscriber, the customer offering comprising a plurality of qualifiers for provisioning network services associated with the customer offering. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of instructions further comprises:
instructions for receiving, from virtualized service equipment, a selection of one or more of the at least one product offering; instructions for transmitting a respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering, in response to the selection of one or more of the at least one product offering. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering is configured to set up virtualized service equipment to receive network services associated with a respective one of the at least one product offering. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each respective qualifier is configured to cause a network controller to provision network resources to provide the at least one virtualized network function. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one or more of the at least one product offering each comprises authorization to use a carrier defined application programming interface for accessing the at least one virtualized network function. 12. A system for providing a service provider cloud services marketplace, the system comprising:
virtualized service equipment in communication with a cloud service network, the virtualized service equipment configured to register with a central controller in the cloud service network and to receive a configuration file from the central controller, wherein the virtualized service equipment loads an appropriate base configuration based on the configuration file and bootstraps itself to the cloud environment, the base configuration configuring the virtualized service equipment to retrieve and display a user interface of a service provider cloud services marketplace; wherein the service provider cloud services marketplace comprises:
an index of product offerings for selection, the index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier, wherein the at least one product offering invokes at least one virtualized network function based on the respective qualifier, and wherein the index of product offerings is configured to allow selection of the at least one product offering. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes at least one network service including at least one virtualized network function associated with provisioning the at least one network service, the at least one network service including an associated unique qualifier, wherein network resources are provisioned to perform the at least one virtualized network function based on the associated unique qualifier. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes app services for a service provider to provide a customer offering to a subscriber, through the service provider cloud services marketplace. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one product offering includes a customer offering for selection by a subscriber, the customer offering comprising a plurality of qualifiers for provisioning network services associated with the customer offering. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the virtualized service equipment is further configured to transmit one or more customer offerings to a marketplace database for listing in the index of product offerings. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the respective qualifier for each of the at least one product offering is configured to set up virtualized service equipment to receive network services associated with a respective one of the at least one product offering. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein each respective qualifier is configured to cause a network controller to provision network resources to provide the at least one virtualized network function. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein one or more of the at least one product offering each comprises authorization to use a carrier defined application programming interface for accessing the at least one virtualized network function. 20. A method of providing a cloud services marketplace, the method comprising:
providing an index of product offerings for selection, the index of product offerings including at least one product offering, each of the at least one product offering in the index of product offerings including a respective qualifier; receiving a customer selection of one or more product offerings among the at least one product offering; providing at least one network service needed to provision the one or more customer selected product offerings based on the respective qualifier, wherein the at least one network service is associated with at least one virtualized network function; and provisioning network resources to perform the at least one virtualized network function, based on the respective qualifier. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
receiving a service provider customer offering, wherein the service provider customer offering is created by a service provider using the at least one product offering; and adding the service provider customer offering to the index of product offerings. | 2,400 |
8,419 | 8,419 | 15,342,404 | 2,456 | Disclosed here are implementations involving an application program that includes an event handling portion. The event handling portion monitors for an event associated with execution of an initial portion of the application program downloaded with the event handling portion that involves an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded. In response to detecting the event, the execution of the initial portion of the application program is paused by the event handler and downloading of the additional portion is initiated. Upon downloading the additional portion of the application program, execution of the initial portion of the application program can resume. | 1. One or more computer readable media having stored thereon at least an event handling portion of an application program for facilitating streaming of the application program that when executed by a computing system directs the computing system to at least:
monitor for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pause the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resume the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 2. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an access violation corresponding to an access restricted page within the range of virtual memory allocated to the application program. 3. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the event handler portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, further directs the computing system to identify the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded that correspond to the access restricted page. 4. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises executable code. 5. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. 6. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an attempt to read data from the additional portion of the application program. 7. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 having stored thereon the initial portion of the application program that, when executed by the computing system, directs the computing system to map the event handler portion and the initial portion of the application program within a range of memory allocated to the application program. 8. The one or more computer readable media of claim 7 wherein the initial portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, directs the computing system to map the additional portion of the application program within the range of memory allocated to the application program, wherein the memory comprises virtual memory. 9. A method of operating an event handling portion of an application program on a computing system when streaming the application program to the computing system, the method comprising:
monitoring for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pausing the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resuming the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an access violation corresponding to an access restricted page within the range of virtual memory allocated to the application program. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising identifying the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded that correspond to the access restricted page. 12. The method claim 10 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises executable code. 13. The method of claim 10 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. 14. The method of claim 9 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an attempt to read data from the additional portion of the application program. 15. The method of claim 9 wherein the event handler portion and the initial portion of the application program are mapped to a range of memory allocated to the application program. 16. The method of claim 15 the additional portion of the application program is also mapped to the range of memory allocated to the application program, wherein the memory comprises virtual memory. 17. An apparatus comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices; a computing system operatively coupled with the one or more computer readable storage devices; and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices and comprising at least an event handling portion of an application program for facilitating streaming of the application program that, when executed by the computing system directs the computing system to at least: monitor for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pause the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resume the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the event comprises an access violation that corresponds to an access restricted page within a range of virtual memory allocated to the application program, wherein the access restricted page comprises a page loaded into the range of virtual memory but not accessible by the initial portion of the application, wherein the access violation is not a page fault, and wherein to monitor for the event, the event handling portion of the application program directs the computing system to at least:
receive a notification of the access violation from an operating system element that the access violation occurred. 19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the event handler portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, further directs the computing system to identify the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded corresponding to the access restricted page. 20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises one of executable code or non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. | Disclosed here are implementations involving an application program that includes an event handling portion. The event handling portion monitors for an event associated with execution of an initial portion of the application program downloaded with the event handling portion that involves an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded. In response to detecting the event, the execution of the initial portion of the application program is paused by the event handler and downloading of the additional portion is initiated. Upon downloading the additional portion of the application program, execution of the initial portion of the application program can resume.1. One or more computer readable media having stored thereon at least an event handling portion of an application program for facilitating streaming of the application program that when executed by a computing system directs the computing system to at least:
monitor for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pause the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resume the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 2. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an access violation corresponding to an access restricted page within the range of virtual memory allocated to the application program. 3. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the event handler portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, further directs the computing system to identify the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded that correspond to the access restricted page. 4. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises executable code. 5. The one or more computer readable media of claim 2 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. 6. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an attempt to read data from the additional portion of the application program. 7. The one or more computer readable media of claim 1 having stored thereon the initial portion of the application program that, when executed by the computing system, directs the computing system to map the event handler portion and the initial portion of the application program within a range of memory allocated to the application program. 8. The one or more computer readable media of claim 7 wherein the initial portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, directs the computing system to map the additional portion of the application program within the range of memory allocated to the application program, wherein the memory comprises virtual memory. 9. A method of operating an event handling portion of an application program on a computing system when streaming the application program to the computing system, the method comprising:
monitoring for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pausing the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resuming the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an access violation corresponding to an access restricted page within the range of virtual memory allocated to the application program. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising identifying the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded that correspond to the access restricted page. 12. The method claim 10 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises executable code. 13. The method of claim 10 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. 14. The method of claim 9 wherein the event associated with the operations of the initial portion of the application program comprises an attempt to read data from the additional portion of the application program. 15. The method of claim 9 wherein the event handler portion and the initial portion of the application program are mapped to a range of memory allocated to the application program. 16. The method of claim 15 the additional portion of the application program is also mapped to the range of memory allocated to the application program, wherein the memory comprises virtual memory. 17. An apparatus comprising:
one or more computer readable storage devices; a computing system operatively coupled with the one or more computer readable storage devices; and program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage devices and comprising at least an event handling portion of an application program for facilitating streaming of the application program that, when executed by the computing system directs the computing system to at least: monitor for an event associated with operations of an initial portion of the application program that was downloaded with the event handling portion, wherein the operations comprise a jump to a range of virtual memory allocated to an additional portion of the application program not yet downloaded to the computing system; in response to detecting the event, pause the operations of the initial portion of the application program and initiate downloading of the additional portion of the application program to the computing system; and upon downloading the additional portion of the application program to the computing system, resume the operations of the initial portion of the application program that involves the additional portion of the application program. 18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the event comprises an access violation that corresponds to an access restricted page within a range of virtual memory allocated to the application program, wherein the access restricted page comprises a page loaded into the range of virtual memory but not accessible by the initial portion of the application, wherein the access violation is not a page fault, and wherein to monitor for the event, the event handling portion of the application program directs the computing system to at least:
receive a notification of the access violation from an operating system element that the access violation occurred. 19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the event handler portion of the application program, when executed by the computing system, further directs the computing system to identify the additional portion from remaining portions of the application program yet to be downloaded corresponding to the access restricted page. 20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the additional portion of the application program comprises one of executable code or non-executable data to be processed by the initial portion of the application program. | 2,400 |
8,420 | 8,420 | 15,304,047 | 2,461 | A traffic load can be determined in a telecommunications system using narrowband signal monitoring. Narrowband signals can be generated from a wideband uplink signal. A resource utilization profile can be estimated for a remote unit based on measured power profiles associated with the narrowband signals. Traffic load can be determined based on the resource utilization profile. | 1. A method, comprising:
decomposing a wideband uplink signal into one or more narrowband signals; determining a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals; estimating a resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units based, at least in part, on the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals; and determining a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units based on the resource utilization profile. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals includes using at least one filter bank tuned to a predetermined set of time and frequency characteristics. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals includes sampling the wideband uplink signal and performing offline signal processing to generate the one or more narrowband signals. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating digital samples of the one or more narrowband signals; and filtering the digital samples based on a signal format associated with the one or more narrowband signals. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals includes:
sampling the one or more narrowband signals; and determining a square of a momentary power for the one or more narrowband signals at each sample time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units comprises:
storing the power profile for samples of each of the one or more narrowband signals in a database; and deriving a resource allocation map from the power profile for the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals, frequency characteristics of the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals, and a sample time of the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals. 7. The method of claim 1,
wherein estimating the resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units includes estimating the resource utilization profile to generate an estimated resource utilization profile; and wherein determining the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units includes: comparing the estimated resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having the estimated resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having the estimated resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the predetermined threshold is based on a power profile of a noise floor measured when no traffic is transmitted to the one or more remote units. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising optimizing the traffic load by:
allocating greater frequency or time resources to each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile at or above a predetermined threshold; and allocating fewer frequency or time resources to each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 10. A system comprising:
one or more remote units; and a monitoring unit comprising:
a receiver configured for receiving one or more narrowband signals generated from a wideband uplink signal, and
a processor configured for determining a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals, estimating a resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units, and determining a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the monitoring unit further comprises a transmitter configured for transmitting information based on the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units to a base transceiver station. 12. The system of claim 10, further comprising one or more filter banks configured for decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals. 13. The system of claim 10, further comprising a database configured for storing the power profile for samples of each of the one or more narrowband signals, and
wherein the processor is configured to derive a resource allocation map, at least in part, from information stored in the database. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is configured to determine the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals by sampling the one or more narrowband signals and determining the square of a momentary power for the one or more narrowband signals at each sample time. 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is configured to determine the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units by:
comparing the resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 16. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to compare the resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold that is based on a power profile of a noise floor for the one or more remote units measured when no traffic is transmitted. 17. A monitoring unit comprising:
a receiver configured for receiving one or more narrowband signals; and a processor configured to determine a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals, to estimate a resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units, and to determine a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units. 18. The monitoring unit of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to determine the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units by:
comparing the estimated resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having an estimated resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having an estimated resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 19. The monitoring unit of claim 18, further comprising a transmitter configured for transmitting traffic load information to a base transceiver station configured to optimize the traffic load based, at least in part, on the traffic load information. 20. The monitoring unit of claim 17, further comprising a transmitter configured to transmit traffic load information to a base transceiver station configured to optimize the traffic load based, at least in part, on the traffic load information, the traffic load information being measured as a percentage of resource usage to at least one of the one or more remote units versus a total of available resources to the at least one of the one or more remote units. | A traffic load can be determined in a telecommunications system using narrowband signal monitoring. Narrowband signals can be generated from a wideband uplink signal. A resource utilization profile can be estimated for a remote unit based on measured power profiles associated with the narrowband signals. Traffic load can be determined based on the resource utilization profile.1. A method, comprising:
decomposing a wideband uplink signal into one or more narrowband signals; determining a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals; estimating a resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units based, at least in part, on the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals; and determining a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units based on the resource utilization profile. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals includes using at least one filter bank tuned to a predetermined set of time and frequency characteristics. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals includes sampling the wideband uplink signal and performing offline signal processing to generate the one or more narrowband signals. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating digital samples of the one or more narrowband signals; and filtering the digital samples based on a signal format associated with the one or more narrowband signals. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals includes:
sampling the one or more narrowband signals; and determining a square of a momentary power for the one or more narrowband signals at each sample time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units comprises:
storing the power profile for samples of each of the one or more narrowband signals in a database; and deriving a resource allocation map from the power profile for the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals, frequency characteristics of the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals, and a sample time of the samples for each of the one or more narrowband signals. 7. The method of claim 1,
wherein estimating the resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units includes estimating the resource utilization profile to generate an estimated resource utilization profile; and wherein determining the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units includes: comparing the estimated resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having the estimated resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having the estimated resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the predetermined threshold is based on a power profile of a noise floor measured when no traffic is transmitted to the one or more remote units. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising optimizing the traffic load by:
allocating greater frequency or time resources to each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile at or above a predetermined threshold; and allocating fewer frequency or time resources to each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 10. A system comprising:
one or more remote units; and a monitoring unit comprising:
a receiver configured for receiving one or more narrowband signals generated from a wideband uplink signal, and
a processor configured for determining a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals, estimating a resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units, and determining a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the monitoring unit further comprises a transmitter configured for transmitting information based on the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units to a base transceiver station. 12. The system of claim 10, further comprising one or more filter banks configured for decomposing the wideband uplink signal into the one or more narrowband signals. 13. The system of claim 10, further comprising a database configured for storing the power profile for samples of each of the one or more narrowband signals, and
wherein the processor is configured to derive a resource allocation map, at least in part, from information stored in the database. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is configured to determine the power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals by sampling the one or more narrowband signals and determining the square of a momentary power for the one or more narrowband signals at each sample time. 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is configured to determine the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units by:
comparing the resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having the resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 16. The system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to compare the resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold that is based on a power profile of a noise floor for the one or more remote units measured when no traffic is transmitted. 17. A monitoring unit comprising:
a receiver configured for receiving one or more narrowband signals; and a processor configured to determine a power profile for each of the one or more narrowband signals, to estimate a resource utilization profile for each of one or more remote units, and to determine a traffic load at each of the one or more remote units. 18. The monitoring unit of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to determine the traffic load at each of the one or more remote units by:
comparing the estimated resource utilization profile for each of the one or more remote units to a predetermined threshold; designating as active each of the one or more remote units having an estimated resource utilization profile at or above the predetermined threshold; and designating as inactive each of the one or more remote units having an estimated resource utilization profile below the predetermined threshold. 19. The monitoring unit of claim 18, further comprising a transmitter configured for transmitting traffic load information to a base transceiver station configured to optimize the traffic load based, at least in part, on the traffic load information. 20. The monitoring unit of claim 17, further comprising a transmitter configured to transmit traffic load information to a base transceiver station configured to optimize the traffic load based, at least in part, on the traffic load information, the traffic load information being measured as a percentage of resource usage to at least one of the one or more remote units versus a total of available resources to the at least one of the one or more remote units. | 2,400 |
8,421 | 8,421 | 15,420,417 | 2,431 | In some examples, a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement are received, where the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement. A subset of the plurality of alerts is grouped into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a criterion. The bundle of alerts is communicated to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. | 1. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that upon execution cause a system to:
receive a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement, the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement; group a subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a criterion; and communicate the bundle of alerts to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 2. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 3. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein comparing the behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts comprises comparing profiles of a measure associated with the respective alerts, wherein each profile of the measure includes a variation of values of the measure as a function of a variable. 4. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of criticalities of assets impacted by respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 5. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 4, further comprising determining the criticalities of the assets impacted by the respective alerts based upon a rule that specifies a criticality of a given asset responsive to a factor selected from among a role of an owner of the given asset or a type of data stored on the given asset. 6. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of analytics modules that generate respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, wherein comparing the analytics modules comprises comparing a rules or policies applied by the analytics modules to generate respective alerts. 7. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of indicators of compromise associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, wherein each indicator of compromise includes an artifact indicting compromise of the computing arrangement. 8. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts based on a determination that the subset of the plurality of alerts affect members of a predefined group. 9. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the criterion is selected from among similarity of events associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of targets affected by respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity sources of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of attributes of users affected by or causing respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of features of features of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of timings of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, and similarity of analyst-defined tags of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 10. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions upon execution cause the system to further:
identify related information for the bundle of alerts; and communicate the identified related information with the bundle of alerts to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 11. A system comprising:
a processor; and a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions executable on the processor to:
receive event data relating to a plurality of events corresponding to operation of a computing arrangement;
generate a plurality of alerts in response to respective events of the plurality of events;
select, based on a similarity criterion, a subset of the plurality of alerts, and grouping the selected subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts; and
trigger processing of the bundle of alerts to address respective issues in the computing arrangement. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the selecting of the subset of the plurality of alerts that are included in the bundle of alerts is based on the criterion comprising: similarity of events associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, and similarity of analytics modules that generate respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the selecting of the subset of the plurality of alerts that are included in the bundle of alerts is based on the criterion specifying that alerts affecting members of a predefined group are to be grouped. 14. A method of a system comprising a computer processor, comprising:
receiving a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement, the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement; grouping a subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a grouping criterion; identifying related information for the bundle of alerts based on a related information identification criterion; and communicating the bundle of alerts and the identified related information to trigger processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the related information identification criterion is selected from among: a specification of an extent of historical data to search, a type of information to be returned, a feature used to determine similarity of alerts, a type of alert, a criticality of an alert, an asset affected by an alert, a category to which the bundle OF alerts belong, and presence of an alert from a security tool. | In some examples, a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement are received, where the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement. A subset of the plurality of alerts is grouped into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a criterion. The bundle of alerts is communicated to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together.1. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that upon execution cause a system to:
receive a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement, the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement; group a subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a criterion; and communicate the bundle of alerts to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 2. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 3. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein comparing the behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts comprises comparing profiles of a measure associated with the respective alerts, wherein each profile of the measure includes a variation of values of the measure as a function of a variable. 4. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of criticalities of assets impacted by respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 5. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 4, further comprising determining the criticalities of the assets impacted by the respective alerts based upon a rule that specifies a criticality of a given asset responsive to a factor selected from among a role of an owner of the given asset or a type of data stored on the given asset. 6. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of analytics modules that generate respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, wherein comparing the analytics modules comprises comparing a rules or policies applied by the analytics modules to generate respective alerts. 7. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts according to a comparison of indicators of compromise associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, wherein each indicator of compromise includes an artifact indicting compromise of the computing arrangement. 8. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts into the bundle of alerts based on the criterion comprises grouping the subset of the plurality of alerts based on a determination that the subset of the plurality of alerts affect members of a predefined group. 9. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the criterion is selected from among similarity of events associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of targets affected by respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity sources of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of attributes of users affected by or causing respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of features of features of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of timings of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, and similarity of analyst-defined tags of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 10. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions upon execution cause the system to further:
identify related information for the bundle of alerts; and communicate the identified related information with the bundle of alerts to cause processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 11. A system comprising:
a processor; and a non-transitory storage medium storing instructions executable on the processor to:
receive event data relating to a plurality of events corresponding to operation of a computing arrangement;
generate a plurality of alerts in response to respective events of the plurality of events;
select, based on a similarity criterion, a subset of the plurality of alerts, and grouping the selected subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts; and
trigger processing of the bundle of alerts to address respective issues in the computing arrangement. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the selecting of the subset of the plurality of alerts that are included in the bundle of alerts is based on the criterion comprising: similarity of events associated with respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, similarity of behavioral profiles of respective alerts of the plurality of alerts, and similarity of analytics modules that generate respective alerts of the plurality of alerts. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the selecting of the subset of the plurality of alerts that are included in the bundle of alerts is based on the criterion specifying that alerts affecting members of a predefined group are to be grouped. 14. A method of a system comprising a computer processor, comprising:
receiving a plurality of alerts relating to issues in a computing arrangement, the plurality of alerts generated based on events in the computing arrangement; grouping a subset of the plurality of alerts into a bundle of alerts, the grouping being based on a grouping criterion; identifying related information for the bundle of alerts based on a related information identification criterion; and communicating the bundle of alerts and the identified related information to trigger processing of the alerts in the bundle of alerts together. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the related information identification criterion is selected from among: a specification of an extent of historical data to search, a type of information to be returned, a feature used to determine similarity of alerts, a type of alert, a criticality of an alert, an asset affected by an alert, a category to which the bundle OF alerts belong, and presence of an alert from a security tool. | 2,400 |
8,422 | 8,422 | 14,271,918 | 2,491 | Methods and systems of encrypting files at a client in a cloud-based file system are provided. A first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs is obtained. Then a first file is encrypted using the first key. Then the encrypted first file is transmitted to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. | 1. A method of encrypting files at a client in a cloud-based file system, comprising:
obtaining a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs; encrypting a first file using the first key; and transmitting the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
downloading an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtaining a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypting the encrypted second file using the second key. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
obtaining access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempting to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receiving an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the organization is a company. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the organization is a division of a company. 8. A system comprising:
a client device comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory;
a client application executable by the one or more processors and configured to:
obtain a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs;
encrypt a first file using the first key; and
transmit the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the client application is further configured to:
download an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtain a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypt the encrypted second file using the second key. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the client application is further configured to:
obtain access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receive an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the organization is a company. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the organization is a division of a company. 15. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which when implemented by one or more machines, cause the one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
obtaining a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs; encrypting a first file using the first key; and transmitting the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising:
downloading an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtaining a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypting the encrypted second file using the second key. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, further comprising:
obtaining access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempting to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receiving an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the organization is a company. | Methods and systems of encrypting files at a client in a cloud-based file system are provided. A first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs is obtained. Then a first file is encrypted using the first key. Then the encrypted first file is transmitted to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key.1. A method of encrypting files at a client in a cloud-based file system, comprising:
obtaining a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs; encrypting a first file using the first key; and transmitting the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
downloading an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtaining a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypting the encrypted second file using the second key. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
obtaining access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempting to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receiving an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the organization is a company. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the organization is a division of a company. 8. A system comprising:
a client device comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory;
a client application executable by the one or more processors and configured to:
obtain a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs;
encrypt a first file using the first key; and
transmit the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the client application is further configured to:
download an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtain a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypt the encrypted second file using the second key. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the client application is further configured to:
obtain access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receive an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the organization is a company. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the organization is a division of a company. 15. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions, which when implemented by one or more machines, cause the one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
obtaining a first key corresponding to an organization to which the client belongs; encrypting a first file using the first key; and transmitting the encrypted first file to a server via a secure channel, for storage in a storage device shared among multiple organizations, the storage device containing one or more files encrypted using keys different than the first key. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising:
downloading an encrypted second file from the storage device via the secure channel; obtaining a second key related to the first key and corresponding to the organization to which the client belongs; and decrypting the encrypted second file using the second key. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the first key is obtaining from a key management system used to assign keys to a plurality of different organizations. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, further comprising:
obtaining access to the storage device and locating one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs; attempting to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key; and receiving an indication that the attempt to decrypt the one or more encrypted files belonging to organizations other than the organization to which the client belongs, using the first key, has failed. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein no other keys than the first key correspond to the organization. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the organization is a company. | 2,400 |
8,423 | 8,423 | 14,787,102 | 2,463 | A method and apparatus for a transmission mode with user equipment (UE) independent physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scrambling for inter-cell and intra-cell PDSCH-to-PDSCH interference cancellation. A method may include configuring ( 610 ) a first identifier (e.g. first RNTI) for a first UE. The method may also include performing at least one of indicating ( 620 ) (e.g. semi-statically) a second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) for the first UE, or indicating ( 630 ) (e.g. semi-statically) a third identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTIJnt) for the first UE. The first identifier (e.g. first RNTI) is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first UE, or operation of PDSCH of the first UE if the second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) is not indicated to the first UE; the second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling PDSCH of the first UE; and the third identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTIJnt) is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a PDSCH of a second (e.g. interfering) UE. The transmission of the second UE may cause interference on the reception of a PDSCH at the first UE. | 1-56. (canceled) 57. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to configure a first identifier for a first user equipment; and perform at least one of indicating a second identifier for the first user equipment, or indicating a third identifier for the first user equipment, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 58. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein at least one of the second identifier or the third identifier are semi-statically configured for the first user equipment. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein a value of the at least one of the semi-statically configured second identifier or the semi-statically configured third identifier is fixed for a certain amount of time or until a new value is configured. 60. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. 61. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the third identifier is for descrambling of a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment to cancel interference from the physical shared channel of the second user equipment. 62. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment includes additional information of a physical downlink shared channel transmitted of the second user equipment, in which case the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment. 63. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to try to cancel interference including decoding a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment using the third identifier for descrambling. 64. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). 65. The apparatus according to claim 64, wherein a value of the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is selected from a set of Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) values. 66. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a first user equipment, a first identifier; and receive, at the first user equipment, at least one of a second identifier, or a third identifier, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of a first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 67. The apparatus of claim 66, wherein at least one of the second identifier or the third identifier are semi-statically received in the first user equipment. 68. The apparatus of claim 67, wherein a value of the at least one of the semi-statically received second identifier or the semi-statically received third identifier is fixed for a certain amount of time or until a new value is received. 69. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. 70. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment when trying to cancel interference from the physical shared channel of the second user equipment. 71. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment includes additional information of a physical downlink shared channel transmitted of the second user equipment, in which case the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment. 72. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to try to cancel interference including decoding a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment using the third identifier for descrambling. 73. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). 74. The apparatus according to claim 73, wherein a value of the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is selected from a set of Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) values. 75. A method, comprising:
receiving, at a first user equipment, a first identifier; and receiving, at the first user equipment, at least one of a second identifier, or a third identifier, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 76. The method according to claim 75, further comprising:
receiving, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. | A method and apparatus for a transmission mode with user equipment (UE) independent physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scrambling for inter-cell and intra-cell PDSCH-to-PDSCH interference cancellation. A method may include configuring ( 610 ) a first identifier (e.g. first RNTI) for a first UE. The method may also include performing at least one of indicating ( 620 ) (e.g. semi-statically) a second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) for the first UE, or indicating ( 630 ) (e.g. semi-statically) a third identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTIJnt) for the first UE. The first identifier (e.g. first RNTI) is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first UE, or operation of PDSCH of the first UE if the second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) is not indicated to the first UE; the second identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTI own) is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling PDSCH of the first UE; and the third identifier (e.g. PDSCH RNTIJnt) is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a PDSCH of a second (e.g. interfering) UE. The transmission of the second UE may cause interference on the reception of a PDSCH at the first UE.1-56. (canceled) 57. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to configure a first identifier for a first user equipment; and perform at least one of indicating a second identifier for the first user equipment, or indicating a third identifier for the first user equipment, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 58. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein at least one of the second identifier or the third identifier are semi-statically configured for the first user equipment. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein a value of the at least one of the semi-statically configured second identifier or the semi-statically configured third identifier is fixed for a certain amount of time or until a new value is configured. 60. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. 61. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the third identifier is for descrambling of a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment to cancel interference from the physical shared channel of the second user equipment. 62. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment includes additional information of a physical downlink shared channel transmitted of the second user equipment, in which case the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment. 63. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a physical downlink shared channel assignment for the first user equipment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to try to cancel interference including decoding a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment using the third identifier for descrambling. 64. The apparatus according to claim 57, where the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). 65. The apparatus according to claim 64, wherein a value of the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is selected from a set of Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) values. 66. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, at a first user equipment, a first identifier; and receive, at the first user equipment, at least one of a second identifier, or a third identifier, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of a first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 67. The apparatus of claim 66, wherein at least one of the second identifier or the third identifier are semi-statically received in the first user equipment. 68. The apparatus of claim 67, wherein a value of the at least one of the semi-statically received second identifier or the semi-statically received third identifier is fixed for a certain amount of time or until a new value is received. 69. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. 70. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment when trying to cancel interference from the physical shared channel of the second user equipment. 71. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment includes additional information of a physical downlink shared channel transmitted of the second user equipment, in which case the first user equipment uses the third identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment. 72. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the memory and the computer program code are further configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to receive, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to try to cancel interference including decoding a physical downlink shared channel of the second user equipment using the third identifier for descrambling. 73. The apparatus according to claim 66, where the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). 74. The apparatus according to claim 73, wherein a value of the at least one of the first, second, or third identifiers is selected from a set of Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) values. 75. A method, comprising:
receiving, at a first user equipment, a first identifier; and receiving, at the first user equipment, at least one of a second identifier, or a third identifier, wherein the first identifier is for at least one of operation of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the first user equipment, or operation of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment if the second identifier is not indicated to the first user equipment; the second identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment; and the third identifier is for at least one of scrambling or descrambling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of a second user equipment, wherein the transmission to the second user equipment is expected to cause interference to the reception of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) of the first user equipment. 76. The method according to claim 75, further comprising:
receiving, at the first user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel assignment, wherein the physical downlink shared channel assignment comprises a one bit indication to instruct the first user equipment to use the second identifier for descrambling a physical downlink shared channel of the first user equipment. | 2,400 |
8,424 | 8,424 | 15,622,825 | 2,433 | Licenses to software services are assigned automatically to users as a function of one or more user attributes. An attribute can include membership in a group such as a license group or a security group, among other things such as location. License assignments can also be retracted automatically upon changes in one or more user attributes. | 1. A license management system, comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer-readable media having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the license management system to assign licenses to users, the computer-executable instructions including instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the license management system to perform at least the following:
receive, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization associated with the license management system;
identify one or more license rules stored at the license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user;
identify a particular user within the organization to which the license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and
automatically assign a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. 2. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the particular license rule also specifies a group membership that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 3. The license management system of claim 2, wherein the group is a security group. 4. The license management system of claim 2, wherein the group is a license group. 5. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to present a user interface for enabling specification of the one or more license rules. 6. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to automatically resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 7. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to retract the particular license assigned to the particular user upon a change in the role of the particular user. 8. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the particular license rule also specifies at least one of a user name, an address, a title, or a location that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 9. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to prompt an administrator to resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 10. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to acquire the role of the particular user from a directory service. 11. A method, implemented at a computer system that includes one or more processors, for automatically assigning licenses to users within an organization, the method comprising:
receiving, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization; identifying one or more license rules stored at a license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user; identifying a particular user within the organization to which the particular license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and automatically assigning a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular license rule also specifies a group membership that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the group is a security group or a license group. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising presenting a user interface for enabling specification of the one or more license rules. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising automatically resolving a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising retracting the particular license assigned to the particular user upon a change in the role of the particular user. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular license rule also specifies at least one of a user name, an address, a title, or a location that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising prompting an administrator to resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising acquiring the role of the particular user from a directory service. 20. A computer program product comprising one or more hardware storage devices stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by one or more processors to cause a license management system to assign licenses to users, the computer-executable instructions including instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the computer system to perform at least the following:
receive, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization associated with the license management system; identify one or more license rules stored at the license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user; identify a particular user within the organization to which the license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and automatically assign a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. | Licenses to software services are assigned automatically to users as a function of one or more user attributes. An attribute can include membership in a group such as a license group or a security group, among other things such as location. License assignments can also be retracted automatically upon changes in one or more user attributes.1. A license management system, comprising:
one or more processors; and one or more computer-readable media having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the license management system to assign licenses to users, the computer-executable instructions including instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the license management system to perform at least the following:
receive, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization associated with the license management system;
identify one or more license rules stored at the license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user;
identify a particular user within the organization to which the license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and
automatically assign a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. 2. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the particular license rule also specifies a group membership that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 3. The license management system of claim 2, wherein the group is a security group. 4. The license management system of claim 2, wherein the group is a license group. 5. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to present a user interface for enabling specification of the one or more license rules. 6. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to automatically resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 7. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to retract the particular license assigned to the particular user upon a change in the role of the particular user. 8. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the particular license rule also specifies at least one of a user name, an address, a title, or a location that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 9. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to prompt an administrator to resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 10. The license management system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions are also executable to cause the license management system to acquire the role of the particular user from a directory service. 11. A method, implemented at a computer system that includes one or more processors, for automatically assigning licenses to users within an organization, the method comprising:
receiving, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization; identifying one or more license rules stored at a license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user; identifying a particular user within the organization to which the particular license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and automatically assigning a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular license rule also specifies a group membership that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the group is a security group or a license group. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising presenting a user interface for enabling specification of the one or more license rules. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising automatically resolving a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising retracting the particular license assigned to the particular user upon a change in the role of the particular user. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the particular license rule also specifies at least one of a user name, an address, a title, or a location that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising prompting an administrator to resolve a conflict when the particular user qualifies for two or more incompatible licenses. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising acquiring the role of the particular user from a directory service. 20. A computer program product comprising one or more hardware storage devices stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by one or more processors to cause a license management system to assign licenses to users, the computer-executable instructions including instructions that are executable by the one or more processors to cause the computer system to perform at least the following:
receive, from a remote computer system, a set of a plurality of software licenses that have been assigned to an organization associated with the license management system; identify one or more license rules stored at the license management system that specify criteria for assigning licenses in the set of software licenses to users within the organization, including identifying at least one particular license rule that specifies one or more user roles that must be matched for the particular license rule to apply to a user; identify a particular user within the organization to which the license rule applies, based at least on determining that a role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule; and automatically assign a particular license of the set of software licenses to the particular user, based at least on having determined that the role of the particular user matches the one or more user roles specified by the particular license rule. | 2,400 |
8,425 | 8,425 | 15,286,683 | 2,486 | A vision system for a vehicle includes a camera configured to be disposed at a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle. The camera includes a wide angle lens providing a field of view of the camera and the camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of the camera. An image processor may process image data captured by the camera and may process a sub-set of the image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of the camera. A display may display images derived from the sub-set of the image data set representative of the sub-portion of the field of view of the camera. The sub-set of the image data set for processing or display is determined based on steering of the vehicle. | 1. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of view, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; an image processor operable to process image data captured by said camera; wherein said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera to determine the presence of an object in the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that is processed by said image processor is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 2. The vision system of claim 1, wherein another sub-set of said image data set is determined and processed by said image processor based on a change in steering of the vehicle. 3. The vision system of claim 1, wherein said camera is configured to be disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle so as to have a rearward field of view. 4. The vision system of claim 1, comprising a display operable to display images derived from the determined sub-set of said image data set. 5. The vision system of claim 4, wherein said display displays images derived from the determined sub-set of said image data set and does not display images derived from other captured image data not part of the determined sub-set of said image data set. 6. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 7. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 8. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a side border expanded towards the side of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 9. The vision system of claim 1, wherein, as the vehicle is steered towards one side when changing its direction of travel, said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera towards that side. 10. The vision system of claim 9, wherein said image processor processes different sub-sets of said image data set responsive to changes in steering of the vehicle, and wherein the different sub-sets of said image data set are representative of respective sub-portions of the field of view of said camera having a principal axis in a respective direction of steering of the vehicle. 11. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a rear portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior and rearward of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; a display operable to display images derived from captured image data; wherein said display displays images derived from a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that represents the displayed sub-portion of the field of view of said camera is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 12. The vision system of claim 11, wherein, with said camera disposed at the vehicle and responsive to steering of the vehicle, said display (i) displays images derived from a determined sub-set of said captured image data set corresponding to a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that encompasses a region sideward of the vehicle in the direction of steering and (ii) does not display images derived from other captured image data not part of the determined sub-set of said image data set. 13. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 14. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 15. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a side border expanded towards the side of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 16. The vision system of claim 15, wherein an opposite side border of the sub-portion of the field of view is not expanded. 17. The vision system of claim 11, wherein, as the vehicle is steered towards one side when changing its direction of travel, said display displays images derived from a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera towards that side. 18. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a rear portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior and rearward of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; an image processor operable to process image data captured by said camera; a display operable to display images derived from captured image data; wherein said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera to determine the presence of an object in the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein said display displays images derived from the sub-set of said image data set representative of the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that is processed by said image processor is determined based on steering of the vehicle and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that represents the displayed sub-portion of the field of view of said camera is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 19. The vision system of claim 18, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 20. The vision system of claim 18, wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. | A vision system for a vehicle includes a camera configured to be disposed at a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle. The camera includes a wide angle lens providing a field of view of the camera and the camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of the camera. An image processor may process image data captured by the camera and may process a sub-set of the image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of the camera. A display may display images derived from the sub-set of the image data set representative of the sub-portion of the field of view of the camera. The sub-set of the image data set for processing or display is determined based on steering of the vehicle.1. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of view, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; an image processor operable to process image data captured by said camera; wherein said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera to determine the presence of an object in the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that is processed by said image processor is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 2. The vision system of claim 1, wherein another sub-set of said image data set is determined and processed by said image processor based on a change in steering of the vehicle. 3. The vision system of claim 1, wherein said camera is configured to be disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle so as to have a rearward field of view. 4. The vision system of claim 1, comprising a display operable to display images derived from the determined sub-set of said image data set. 5. The vision system of claim 4, wherein said display displays images derived from the determined sub-set of said image data set and does not display images derived from other captured image data not part of the determined sub-set of said image data set. 6. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 7. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 8. The vision system of claim 1, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a side border expanded towards the side of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 9. The vision system of claim 1, wherein, as the vehicle is steered towards one side when changing its direction of travel, said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera towards that side. 10. The vision system of claim 9, wherein said image processor processes different sub-sets of said image data set responsive to changes in steering of the vehicle, and wherein the different sub-sets of said image data set are representative of respective sub-portions of the field of view of said camera having a principal axis in a respective direction of steering of the vehicle. 11. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a rear portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior and rearward of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; a display operable to display images derived from captured image data; wherein said display displays images derived from a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that represents the displayed sub-portion of the field of view of said camera is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 12. The vision system of claim 11, wherein, with said camera disposed at the vehicle and responsive to steering of the vehicle, said display (i) displays images derived from a determined sub-set of said captured image data set corresponding to a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that encompasses a region sideward of the vehicle in the direction of steering and (ii) does not display images derived from other captured image data not part of the determined sub-set of said image data set. 13. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 14. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 15. The vision system of claim 11, wherein the determined sub-set of said image data set is determined by determining a sub-set of said image data set that is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a side border expanded towards the side of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. 16. The vision system of claim 15, wherein an opposite side border of the sub-portion of the field of view is not expanded. 17. The vision system of claim 11, wherein, as the vehicle is steered towards one side when changing its direction of travel, said display displays images derived from a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera towards that side. 18. A vision system for a vehicle, said vision system comprising:
a camera configured to be disposed at a rear portion of a vehicle so as to have a field of view exterior and rearward of the vehicle; wherein said camera comprises a pixelated imaging array having a two dimensional array of photosensing elements; wherein said camera comprises a wide angle lens providing the field of, and wherein said camera captures an image data set representative of the field of view of said camera when said camera is disposed at the vehicle; an image processor operable to process image data captured by said camera; a display operable to display images derived from captured image data; wherein said image processor processes a sub-set of said image data set representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera to determine the presence of an object in the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein said display displays images derived from the sub-set of said image data set representative of the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera; wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view of said camera that is less than the field of view of said camera; and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that is processed by said image processor is determined based on steering of the vehicle and wherein the sub-set of said image data set that represents the displayed sub-portion of the field of view of said camera is determined based on steering of the vehicle. 19. The vision system of claim 18, wherein the field of view of said camera comprises at least a 180 degree field of view, and wherein the sub-portion of the field of view of said camera comprises less than a 135 degree field of view. 20. The vision system of claim 18, wherein the sub-set of said image data set is representative of a sub-portion of the field of view that has a principal axis extending sideward of the vehicle that corresponds to the direction in which the vehicle is steered. | 2,400 |
8,426 | 8,426 | 14,976,349 | 2,462 | A method for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network. The method includes the steps of receiving, at a Radio Network Node, a reply message from a content delivery provider located outside the mobile telecommunication network; intercepting the reply message; extracting a token from the reply message; comparing the token with a stored token in the Radio Network Node; replacing in the reply message, an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and sending from the Radio Network Node the modified reply message to a mobile terminal. | 1. A method for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network, the method comprising the following steps:
receiving, at a Radio Network Node, a name resolution reply message from a content delivery provider located outside the mobile telecommunication network; intercepting the reply message; extracting a token from the reply message; comparing the token with a stored token in the Radio Network Node; replacing in the reply message, an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and sending from the Radio Network Node the modified reply message to a mobile terminal. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing in the Radio Network Node, the Internet protocol IP address of the content delivery provider server. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
receiving, at the Radio Network Node, an up stream IP packet from the mobile terminal; identifying in the up stream IP packet, the preset IP address as the destination address; using the stored Internet protocol IP address to create an acceleration tunnel for the up stream packet towards the content delivery provider server. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
encapsulating and forwarding the up stream IP packet towards the content delivery provider server identified by the stored Internet protocol IP address. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
receiving, at the acceleration edge server, a down stream IP packet from the acceleration tunnel; decapsulating the down stream IP packet, inserting the down stream packet into a down stream tunnel towards the terminal and forwarding the packet to the terminal. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceleration edge server is associated with the Radio Network Node. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
storing, in a storage device attached to the Radio Network Node, the preset IP address of the acceleration edge server. 8. The method of claim 1, whereby the token is a value in an answer field of the reply message. 9. The method of claim 1, whereby the token is a string of characters and/or numbers in a field additional to the answer field of the reply message. 10. The method of claim 8, which token is compared against a pool of stored values in the Radio Network Node. 11. A Radio Network Node of a mobile telecommunication network, the Radio Network Node being configured to transfer a name resolution reply message from a content delivery provider outside the mobile communication network to a mobile terminal connected to the mobile telecommunication network, the Radio Network Node comprising:
means configured to receive the reply message; means configured to extract a token from the reply message, wherein the token was introduced into the reply message by the content delivery provider, wherein the means is configured to intercept the reply message when arriving from the content delivery provider, compare the token with a stored token, and replace in the reply message an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and means configured to send to the mobile terminal the modified reply message with the preset IP address instead of the content delivery provider IP address. 12. The Radio Network Node of claim 11, said node comprising a storage device wherein at least one of the following parameters are stored:
an Internet protocol IP address VIP of the content delivery provider server; at least one preset IP address of an edge server; a pool of stored values, against which a received token can be compared. 13. The Radio Network Node of claim 11, said node comprising a break out/in function that handles tunnel access, and interfaces for accessing at least one tunnel. 14. The Radio Network Node according to claim 11, which acceleration edge server acts as tunnel start/end point for traffic to/from said at least one tunnel. 15. The Radio Network Node according to claim 11, said node intercepts received traffic from the mobile terminal and forwards the traffic towards the acceleration edge server. 16. Article for manufacture comprising a program storage having computer readable program code embodied therein for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network, comprising:
computer readable program code to receive a reply message from a content delivery provider; computer readable program code to intercept the reply message when arriving from the content delivery provider, extract a token from the reply message, compare the token with a stored token, and replace in the reply message an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and computer readable program code to send to the mobile terminal the modified reply message with the preset IP address instead of the content delivery provider IP address. | A method for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network. The method includes the steps of receiving, at a Radio Network Node, a reply message from a content delivery provider located outside the mobile telecommunication network; intercepting the reply message; extracting a token from the reply message; comparing the token with a stored token in the Radio Network Node; replacing in the reply message, an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and sending from the Radio Network Node the modified reply message to a mobile terminal.1. A method for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network, the method comprising the following steps:
receiving, at a Radio Network Node, a name resolution reply message from a content delivery provider located outside the mobile telecommunication network; intercepting the reply message; extracting a token from the reply message; comparing the token with a stored token in the Radio Network Node; replacing in the reply message, an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and sending from the Radio Network Node the modified reply message to a mobile terminal. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
storing in the Radio Network Node, the Internet protocol IP address of the content delivery provider server. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
receiving, at the Radio Network Node, an up stream IP packet from the mobile terminal; identifying in the up stream IP packet, the preset IP address as the destination address; using the stored Internet protocol IP address to create an acceleration tunnel for the up stream packet towards the content delivery provider server. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
encapsulating and forwarding the up stream IP packet towards the content delivery provider server identified by the stored Internet protocol IP address. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
receiving, at the acceleration edge server, a down stream IP packet from the acceleration tunnel; decapsulating the down stream IP packet, inserting the down stream packet into a down stream tunnel towards the terminal and forwarding the packet to the terminal. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceleration edge server is associated with the Radio Network Node. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
storing, in a storage device attached to the Radio Network Node, the preset IP address of the acceleration edge server. 8. The method of claim 1, whereby the token is a value in an answer field of the reply message. 9. The method of claim 1, whereby the token is a string of characters and/or numbers in a field additional to the answer field of the reply message. 10. The method of claim 8, which token is compared against a pool of stored values in the Radio Network Node. 11. A Radio Network Node of a mobile telecommunication network, the Radio Network Node being configured to transfer a name resolution reply message from a content delivery provider outside the mobile communication network to a mobile terminal connected to the mobile telecommunication network, the Radio Network Node comprising:
means configured to receive the reply message; means configured to extract a token from the reply message, wherein the token was introduced into the reply message by the content delivery provider, wherein the means is configured to intercept the reply message when arriving from the content delivery provider, compare the token with a stored token, and replace in the reply message an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and means configured to send to the mobile terminal the modified reply message with the preset IP address instead of the content delivery provider IP address. 12. The Radio Network Node of claim 11, said node comprising a storage device wherein at least one of the following parameters are stored:
an Internet protocol IP address VIP of the content delivery provider server; at least one preset IP address of an edge server; a pool of stored values, against which a received token can be compared. 13. The Radio Network Node of claim 11, said node comprising a break out/in function that handles tunnel access, and interfaces for accessing at least one tunnel. 14. The Radio Network Node according to claim 11, which acceleration edge server acts as tunnel start/end point for traffic to/from said at least one tunnel. 15. The Radio Network Node according to claim 11, said node intercepts received traffic from the mobile terminal and forwards the traffic towards the acceleration edge server. 16. Article for manufacture comprising a program storage having computer readable program code embodied therein for enabling traffic acceleration in a mobile telecommunication network, comprising:
computer readable program code to receive a reply message from a content delivery provider; computer readable program code to intercept the reply message when arriving from the content delivery provider, extract a token from the reply message, compare the token with a stored token, and replace in the reply message an Internet protocol IP address of a content delivery provider server with a preset IP address corresponding to an acceleration edge server in the mobile network, when there is a match between the token and the stored token; and computer readable program code to send to the mobile terminal the modified reply message with the preset IP address instead of the content delivery provider IP address. | 2,400 |
8,427 | 8,427 | 15,851,113 | 2,498 | A method of enhancing secure operation of a computer is disclosed. The computer receives input data from one us to source and also operates an application program which can utilize the input data. The method involves creating a tainted value cache and storing the input data in that cache. In the event that the application program invokes a method which utilizes data from the cache, then that data is intercepted before it is utilized by the application program. The intercepted data is subjected to a data content test. If the intercepted data passes the data content test, then the intercepted data is forwarded to the application program to be utilized thereby. However, if the intercepted data fails the data content test, a security action is implemented. | 1.-11. (canceled) 12. A method of enhancing secure operation of a computer which receives input data from an untrusted source, and which operates an application program which can utilize said input data, said method comprising the steps of:
creating a tainted value cache, storing in said cache said input data to create stored data and without passing said stored data to said application program for utilization, if said application program invokes a method which utilizes stored data from said cache, intercepting said stored data before it is utilized by said application program to create intercepted data and subjecting the intercepted data to a data content test, if said intercepted data passes said data content test, forwarding said intercepted data to said application program for utilization, and if said intercepted data fails said data content test, implementing a security action. 13. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said data content test comprises searching for code indicating characters, said code indicating characters being permissible characters other than alpha-numeric characters. 14. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein prior to storing said input data in said cache, said input data is subject to a data character test and, if said data character test is passed, sending said passed data to said application program without storing said passed data in said tainted value cache. 15. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only numerical data. 16. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only alphabetical data. 17. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only alphabetical data or numerical data. 18. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein each input value stored in said tainted value cache has a corresponding encapsulating weak reference, and said weak reference(s) is/are stored in a weak reference queue. 19. The method as defined in claim 18 wherein weak references corresponding to data deleted from said tainted value cache are also deleted from said weak reference queue. 20. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein if said application program invokes a source method, the values returned to said source method are stored in said tainted value cache. 21. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said security action is selected from the class of security actions consisting of making a log entry, blocking execution of said application program, and shutting down said computer. 22. The method as defined claim 12 wherein said tainted value cache is garbage collected memory. 23. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said input data received from said untrusted source comprises command injection data. 24. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein if said application program invokes a source method, the values returned to said source method are treated as input data from an untrusted source. | A method of enhancing secure operation of a computer is disclosed. The computer receives input data from one us to source and also operates an application program which can utilize the input data. The method involves creating a tainted value cache and storing the input data in that cache. In the event that the application program invokes a method which utilizes data from the cache, then that data is intercepted before it is utilized by the application program. The intercepted data is subjected to a data content test. If the intercepted data passes the data content test, then the intercepted data is forwarded to the application program to be utilized thereby. However, if the intercepted data fails the data content test, a security action is implemented.1.-11. (canceled) 12. A method of enhancing secure operation of a computer which receives input data from an untrusted source, and which operates an application program which can utilize said input data, said method comprising the steps of:
creating a tainted value cache, storing in said cache said input data to create stored data and without passing said stored data to said application program for utilization, if said application program invokes a method which utilizes stored data from said cache, intercepting said stored data before it is utilized by said application program to create intercepted data and subjecting the intercepted data to a data content test, if said intercepted data passes said data content test, forwarding said intercepted data to said application program for utilization, and if said intercepted data fails said data content test, implementing a security action. 13. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said data content test comprises searching for code indicating characters, said code indicating characters being permissible characters other than alpha-numeric characters. 14. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein prior to storing said input data in said cache, said input data is subject to a data character test and, if said data character test is passed, sending said passed data to said application program without storing said passed data in said tainted value cache. 15. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only numerical data. 16. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only alphabetical data. 17. The method as defined in claim 14 wherein said data character test comprises a test to see if said input data comprises only alphabetical data or numerical data. 18. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein each input value stored in said tainted value cache has a corresponding encapsulating weak reference, and said weak reference(s) is/are stored in a weak reference queue. 19. The method as defined in claim 18 wherein weak references corresponding to data deleted from said tainted value cache are also deleted from said weak reference queue. 20. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein if said application program invokes a source method, the values returned to said source method are stored in said tainted value cache. 21. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said security action is selected from the class of security actions consisting of making a log entry, blocking execution of said application program, and shutting down said computer. 22. The method as defined claim 12 wherein said tainted value cache is garbage collected memory. 23. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said input data received from said untrusted source comprises command injection data. 24. The method as defined in claim 12 wherein if said application program invokes a source method, the values returned to said source method are treated as input data from an untrusted source. | 2,400 |
8,428 | 8,428 | 15,095,904 | 2,439 | A device, system, and method gives temporary control of a user device using location based grants. The method performed by a control server of a third party is performed when the user device is in a predetermined area. The method includes transmitting authentication data to the user device, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the predetermined area being associated with the third party. The method includes receiving a request from the user device for command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area. The method includes transmitting the command data to the user device. | 1. A method, comprising:
when a user device is in a predetermined area: transmitting, by a control server of a third party, authentication data to the user device, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; receiving, by the control server, a request from the user device for command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area; and transmitting, by the control server, the command data to the user device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, location data of the user device from an access point associated with the third party, the user device having associated with the access point to join a communications network of the third party; and determining, by the control server, whether the user device is in the predetermined area based on the location data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the location data is a signal strength, and wherein the user device is in the predetermined area when the signal strength is above a predetermined threshold. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, confirmation data from the user device, the confirmation data being indicative of the user device executing the command data. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the command data comprises an activation, an upgrade, a deactivation, a downgrade, or a combination thereof of a component, an application, a functionality, an operation, or a combination thereof of the user device. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
establishing, by the control server, a communication channel with the user device based on the user device executing the command data; and transmitting, by the control server, control data to the user device via the communication channel, the control data comprising a command to be executed on the user device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, order data indicative of a predetermined order in which a plurality of commands are to be executed by the user device; generating, by the control server, the control data based on the order data. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the authorization data is an encrypted data, a signed certificate, or a combination thereof. 10. A control server of a third party, comprising:
a transceiver configured to communicate with a user device, upon the user device being in a predetermined area, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; a memory arrangement storing authentication data and command data, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area; and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory arrangement, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to transmit the authentication data to the user device, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to receive a request from the user device for the command data, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to transmit the command data to the user device. 11. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive location data of the user device from an access point associated with the third party, the user device having associated with the access point to join a communications network of the third party, and wherein the processor is further configured to determine whether the user device is in the predetermined area based on the location data. 12. The control server of claim 11, wherein the location data is a signal strength, and wherein the user device is in the predetermined area when the signal strength is above a predetermined threshold. 13. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive confirmation data from the user device, the confirmation data being indicative of the user device executing the command data. 14. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. 15. The control server of claim 10, wherein the command data comprises an activation, an upgrade, a deactivation, a downgrade, or a combination thereof of a component, an application, a functionality, an operation, or a combination thereof of the user device. 16. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to establish a communication channel with the user device based on the user device executing the command data and transmit control data to the user device via the communication channel, the control data comprising a command to be executed on the user device. 17. The control server of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive order data indicative of a predetermined order in which a plurality of commands are to be executed by the user device, and wherein the processor is further configured to generate the control data based on the order data. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the authorization data is an encrypted data, a signed certificate, or a combination thereof. 19. A method, comprising:
generating, by a control server of a third party, authentication data, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to a user device; generating, by the control server, command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in a predetermined area, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; and broadcasting, by the control server, the authentication data and the command data to the user device that is in the predetermined area. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. | A device, system, and method gives temporary control of a user device using location based grants. The method performed by a control server of a third party is performed when the user device is in a predetermined area. The method includes transmitting authentication data to the user device, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the predetermined area being associated with the third party. The method includes receiving a request from the user device for command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area. The method includes transmitting the command data to the user device.1. A method, comprising:
when a user device is in a predetermined area: transmitting, by a control server of a third party, authentication data to the user device, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; receiving, by the control server, a request from the user device for command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area; and transmitting, by the control server, the command data to the user device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, location data of the user device from an access point associated with the third party, the user device having associated with the access point to join a communications network of the third party; and determining, by the control server, whether the user device is in the predetermined area based on the location data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the location data is a signal strength, and wherein the user device is in the predetermined area when the signal strength is above a predetermined threshold. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, confirmation data from the user device, the confirmation data being indicative of the user device executing the command data. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the command data comprises an activation, an upgrade, a deactivation, a downgrade, or a combination thereof of a component, an application, a functionality, an operation, or a combination thereof of the user device. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
establishing, by the control server, a communication channel with the user device based on the user device executing the command data; and transmitting, by the control server, control data to the user device via the communication channel, the control data comprising a command to be executed on the user device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, order data indicative of a predetermined order in which a plurality of commands are to be executed by the user device; generating, by the control server, the control data based on the order data. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the authorization data is an encrypted data, a signed certificate, or a combination thereof. 10. A control server of a third party, comprising:
a transceiver configured to communicate with a user device, upon the user device being in a predetermined area, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; a memory arrangement storing authentication data and command data, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to the user device, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in the predetermined area; and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory arrangement, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to transmit the authentication data to the user device, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to receive a request from the user device for the command data, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the transceiver to transmit the command data to the user device. 11. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive location data of the user device from an access point associated with the third party, the user device having associated with the access point to join a communications network of the third party, and wherein the processor is further configured to determine whether the user device is in the predetermined area based on the location data. 12. The control server of claim 11, wherein the location data is a signal strength, and wherein the user device is in the predetermined area when the signal strength is above a predetermined threshold. 13. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive confirmation data from the user device, the confirmation data being indicative of the user device executing the command data. 14. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. 15. The control server of claim 10, wherein the command data comprises an activation, an upgrade, a deactivation, a downgrade, or a combination thereof of a component, an application, a functionality, an operation, or a combination thereof of the user device. 16. The control server of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to establish a communication channel with the user device based on the user device executing the command data and transmit control data to the user device via the communication channel, the control data comprising a command to be executed on the user device. 17. The control server of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to instruct the transceiver to receive order data indicative of a predetermined order in which a plurality of commands are to be executed by the user device, and wherein the processor is further configured to generate the control data based on the order data. 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the authorization data is an encrypted data, a signed certificate, or a combination thereof. 19. A method, comprising:
generating, by a control server of a third party, authentication data, the authentication data configured to authenticate the third party to a user device; generating, by the control server, command data, the command data configured to be executed on the user device to provide the third party with a limited control over the user device while the user device remains in a predetermined area, the third party being associated with the predetermined area; and broadcasting, by the control server, the authentication data and the command data to the user device that is in the predetermined area. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
receiving, by the control server, indication data from a sensor associated with the third party, the indication data indicating that the user device is in the predetermined area. | 2,400 |
8,429 | 8,429 | 15,441,572 | 2,485 | Compensating for delay in a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera system is disclosed. Client-side view transformation is carried out to emulate a future Field Of View (FOV) of the camera so that the impact of latency is reduced. | 1. A method carried out on a computer terminal that includes a display and at least one input device, the computer terminal in communication with a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device over at least one network, and the method comprising:
receiving user input provided through the input device; generating a command, specific to the user input, that defines a camera movement for making a change in a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device; transmitting the command, destined to be received by the PTZ camera device and to effect eventual camera movement thereof, over the at least one network; in a period of time overlapping with the transmitting of the command, locally transforming video frames to emulate future video frames produced, post-command execution, by the PTZ camera device; displaying the locally transformed frames on the display of the computer terminal; and repeatedly checking frames, received at the computer terminal via the at least one network, until a determination is made that a newly received frame indicates that the local transforming of the video frames is no longer needed. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the display is a touchscreen display and the input device is one or more defined regions of the touchscreen display. 3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the video frames being locally transformed do not include image data for certain defined regions in the future video frames being emulated, and the local transforming of the video frames includes inserting placeholder data into the defined regions. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one network is a single local area network. 5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one network includes a local area network and a portion of the Internet. 6. Apparatus comprising:
a computer terminal configured to communicate with a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device over at least one network, the computer terminal including:
at least one input device to receive input from a user of the computer terminal;
communication circuitry configured to transmit a command, destined to be received by the PTZ camera device and to effect eventual camera movement thereof, over the at least one network;
a processor configured to:
generate the command, specific to the user input, that defines a camera movement for making a change in a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device;
in a period of time overlapping with transmission of the command by the communication circuitry, locally transforming video frames to emulate future video frames produced, post-command execution, by the PTZ camera device; and
repeatedly checking frames, received at the computer terminal via the at least one network, until a determination is made that a newly received frame indicates that the local transforming of the video frames is no longer needed; and
a display configured to display the locally transformed frames. 7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the display is a touchscreen display and the at least one input device comprises one or more defined regions of the touchscreen display. 8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein:
the locally transformed video frames do not include image data for certain defined regions to be displayed, and
the defined regions have placeholder data inserted therein. 9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 further comprising the PTZ camera device, the at least one network and a server system communicatively coupled between the computer terminal and the PTZ camera device. 10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein the server system is remote from the computer terminal and the PTZ camera device is remote from the server system. 11. A method carried out on a computer terminal that includes a display and at least one input device, the computer terminal in communication with at least two camera devices, including at least one Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device, over at least one network, and the method comprising:
receiving user input provided through the input device; determining that the user input specifies a command that defines a camera movement for changing a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device from a current FOV to a future FOV, the future FOV including an FOV region not a part of the current FOV but covered by a current FOV of another of the at least two camera devices; emulating a future video frame corresponding to the future FOV of the PTZ camera device by mosaicking image data from the PTZ camera device with image data from the another of the at least two camera devices; and displaying the emulated future video frame on the display before any video frames corresponding to the future FOV as generated by the PTZ camera device, post-command execution, are available to the computer terminal. | Compensating for delay in a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera system is disclosed. Client-side view transformation is carried out to emulate a future Field Of View (FOV) of the camera so that the impact of latency is reduced.1. A method carried out on a computer terminal that includes a display and at least one input device, the computer terminal in communication with a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device over at least one network, and the method comprising:
receiving user input provided through the input device; generating a command, specific to the user input, that defines a camera movement for making a change in a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device; transmitting the command, destined to be received by the PTZ camera device and to effect eventual camera movement thereof, over the at least one network; in a period of time overlapping with the transmitting of the command, locally transforming video frames to emulate future video frames produced, post-command execution, by the PTZ camera device; displaying the locally transformed frames on the display of the computer terminal; and repeatedly checking frames, received at the computer terminal via the at least one network, until a determination is made that a newly received frame indicates that the local transforming of the video frames is no longer needed. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the display is a touchscreen display and the input device is one or more defined regions of the touchscreen display. 3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the video frames being locally transformed do not include image data for certain defined regions in the future video frames being emulated, and the local transforming of the video frames includes inserting placeholder data into the defined regions. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one network is a single local area network. 5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one network includes a local area network and a portion of the Internet. 6. Apparatus comprising:
a computer terminal configured to communicate with a Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device over at least one network, the computer terminal including:
at least one input device to receive input from a user of the computer terminal;
communication circuitry configured to transmit a command, destined to be received by the PTZ camera device and to effect eventual camera movement thereof, over the at least one network;
a processor configured to:
generate the command, specific to the user input, that defines a camera movement for making a change in a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device;
in a period of time overlapping with transmission of the command by the communication circuitry, locally transforming video frames to emulate future video frames produced, post-command execution, by the PTZ camera device; and
repeatedly checking frames, received at the computer terminal via the at least one network, until a determination is made that a newly received frame indicates that the local transforming of the video frames is no longer needed; and
a display configured to display the locally transformed frames. 7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein the display is a touchscreen display and the at least one input device comprises one or more defined regions of the touchscreen display. 8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein:
the locally transformed video frames do not include image data for certain defined regions to be displayed, and
the defined regions have placeholder data inserted therein. 9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 further comprising the PTZ camera device, the at least one network and a server system communicatively coupled between the computer terminal and the PTZ camera device. 10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein the server system is remote from the computer terminal and the PTZ camera device is remote from the server system. 11. A method carried out on a computer terminal that includes a display and at least one input device, the computer terminal in communication with at least two camera devices, including at least one Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) camera device, over at least one network, and the method comprising:
receiving user input provided through the input device; determining that the user input specifies a command that defines a camera movement for changing a Field Of View (FOV) of the PTZ camera device from a current FOV to a future FOV, the future FOV including an FOV region not a part of the current FOV but covered by a current FOV of another of the at least two camera devices; emulating a future video frame corresponding to the future FOV of the PTZ camera device by mosaicking image data from the PTZ camera device with image data from the another of the at least two camera devices; and displaying the emulated future video frame on the display before any video frames corresponding to the future FOV as generated by the PTZ camera device, post-command execution, are available to the computer terminal. | 2,400 |
8,430 | 8,430 | 14,787,940 | 2,484 | An example of a computing system is described herein. The computing system can include a processor to process data and a sensor to collect data about an environment surrounding the computing system. The computing system can also include a depth sensor to collect depth data in response to a determination of an occurrence of a change in the environment. | 1. A computing system, comprising:
a processor a sensor to collect data about an environment surrounding the computing system; and a depth sensor to collect depth data in response to a determination of an occurrence of a change in the environment. 2. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the depth sensor collects depth data when a predetermined period of time has elapsed. 3. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the change in the environment comprises an element changing position relative to the environment, changing position comprising an element entering the environment, an element leaving the environment, an element moving within the environment, or a combination thereof. 4. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the change in the environment comprises a change in view of the system. 5. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the computing system comprises a battery to power the computing system. 6. A tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium. comprising code to direct a processor to:
receive, in a processor of a mobile device, environmental data from a sensor; analyze the environmental data for changes in an environment; and activate a depth sensor when an occurrence of a change in the environment is determined. 7. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, further comprising activating the depth sensor when an amount of change in the environment exceeds a predetermined threshold. 8. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, wherein the change in the environment comprises an element changing position relative to the environment, changing position comprising an element entering the environment, an element leaving the environment, an element moving within the environment, or a combination thereof. 9. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, a change in the environment comprising a change in position of a device relative to the environment. 10. A mobile device, comprising:
a sensor to collect data relative to an environment surrounding the mobile device; a processor to analyze the data; and a depth sensor to collect depth data when the processor determines the data indicates an occurrence of a change in the environment. 11. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor collects depth data when a predetermined time has elapsed. 12. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor performs a depth capture when an amount of change in the environment exceeds a predetermined threshold. 13. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor is activated to capture user gestures. 14. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the sensor is a camera and the depth sensor collects initial depth data when the camera is initially activated. 15. The mobile device of claim 14, wherein the depth sensor collects subsequent depth data when changes in an image feature exceed a predetermined threshold, the changes comprising new features detected, previously detected features no longer visible, a change in confidence values associated with matching against previously detected image features, or a combination thereof. | An example of a computing system is described herein. The computing system can include a processor to process data and a sensor to collect data about an environment surrounding the computing system. The computing system can also include a depth sensor to collect depth data in response to a determination of an occurrence of a change in the environment.1. A computing system, comprising:
a processor a sensor to collect data about an environment surrounding the computing system; and a depth sensor to collect depth data in response to a determination of an occurrence of a change in the environment. 2. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the depth sensor collects depth data when a predetermined period of time has elapsed. 3. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the change in the environment comprises an element changing position relative to the environment, changing position comprising an element entering the environment, an element leaving the environment, an element moving within the environment, or a combination thereof. 4. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the change in the environment comprises a change in view of the system. 5. The computing system of claim 1, wherein the computing system comprises a battery to power the computing system. 6. A tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium. comprising code to direct a processor to:
receive, in a processor of a mobile device, environmental data from a sensor; analyze the environmental data for changes in an environment; and activate a depth sensor when an occurrence of a change in the environment is determined. 7. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, further comprising activating the depth sensor when an amount of change in the environment exceeds a predetermined threshold. 8. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, wherein the change in the environment comprises an element changing position relative to the environment, changing position comprising an element entering the environment, an element leaving the environment, an element moving within the environment, or a combination thereof. 9. The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, a change in the environment comprising a change in position of a device relative to the environment. 10. A mobile device, comprising:
a sensor to collect data relative to an environment surrounding the mobile device; a processor to analyze the data; and a depth sensor to collect depth data when the processor determines the data indicates an occurrence of a change in the environment. 11. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor collects depth data when a predetermined time has elapsed. 12. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor performs a depth capture when an amount of change in the environment exceeds a predetermined threshold. 13. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the depth sensor is activated to capture user gestures. 14. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the sensor is a camera and the depth sensor collects initial depth data when the camera is initially activated. 15. The mobile device of claim 14, wherein the depth sensor collects subsequent depth data when changes in an image feature exceed a predetermined threshold, the changes comprising new features detected, previously detected features no longer visible, a change in confidence values associated with matching against previously detected image features, or a combination thereof. | 2,400 |
8,431 | 8,431 | 15,487,416 | 2,482 | The present disclosure overcomes the limitations of the prior art by providing approaches to marking points of interest in scenes. In one aspect, a Scene of interest is identified based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices. The SceneData is based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, and typically requires additional processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data. A SceneMark marks the Scene of interest or possibly a point of interest within the Scene. | 1. A method implemented on a computer system for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the method comprising:
identifying a Scene of interest based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the SceneData based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and generating a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks a point of interest within the Scene of interest. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2 wherein Scenes are organized into SceneShots that are samples of the Scene, and the SceneMark marks a SceneShot of interest within the Scene of interest. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks a beginning of the Scene of interest. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises identifying occurrence of an event based on the SceneData. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 wherein the SceneMark further marks occurrence of the event. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating events within the SceneData. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating times of events within the SceneData. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating locations of events within the SceneData. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises identifying whether predefined conditions have been met based on the SceneData. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest is based on SceneData that requires analysis of the captured sensor data. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 wherein identifying the Scene of interest is based on SceneData that requires analysis of the sensor data captured by more than one sensor device within the sensor group. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein generating the SceneMark comprises:
generating the SceneMark based on a precursor that was generated by a lower layer of the sensor-side technology stack. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
generating a notification along with generating the SceneMark. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 14 wherein the notification includes at least a portion of the SceneMark. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
generating an alert along with generating the SceneMark. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 16 wherein the alert includes at least a portion of the SceneMark. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks spawning of a sub-Scene. 19. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable computer program instructions for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the instructions executable by a processor and causing the processor to perform a method comprising:
identifying a Scene of interest based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the SceneData based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and generating a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. 20. A system for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the system comprising:
a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the sensor group capturing a plurality of different types of sensor data, the sensor-side technology stack producing SceneData based on the captured sensor data, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and a computer system that identifies a Scene of interest based on the SceneData and generates a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. | The present disclosure overcomes the limitations of the prior art by providing approaches to marking points of interest in scenes. In one aspect, a Scene of interest is identified based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices. The SceneData is based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, and typically requires additional processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data. A SceneMark marks the Scene of interest or possibly a point of interest within the Scene.1. A method implemented on a computer system for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the method comprising:
identifying a Scene of interest based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the SceneData based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and generating a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks a point of interest within the Scene of interest. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2 wherein Scenes are organized into SceneShots that are samples of the Scene, and the SceneMark marks a SceneShot of interest within the Scene of interest. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks a beginning of the Scene of interest. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises identifying occurrence of an event based on the SceneData. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5 wherein the SceneMark further marks occurrence of the event. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating events within the SceneData. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating times of events within the SceneData. 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 7 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises correlating locations of events within the SceneData. 10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest comprises identifying whether predefined conditions have been met based on the SceneData. 11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein identifying the Scene of interest is based on SceneData that requires analysis of the captured sensor data. 12. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 wherein identifying the Scene of interest is based on SceneData that requires analysis of the sensor data captured by more than one sensor device within the sensor group. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein generating the SceneMark comprises:
generating the SceneMark based on a precursor that was generated by a lower layer of the sensor-side technology stack. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
generating a notification along with generating the SceneMark. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 14 wherein the notification includes at least a portion of the SceneMark. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising:
generating an alert along with generating the SceneMark. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 16 wherein the alert includes at least a portion of the SceneMark. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the SceneMark marks spawning of a sub-Scene. 19. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable computer program instructions for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the instructions executable by a processor and causing the processor to perform a method comprising:
identifying a Scene of interest based on SceneData provided by a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the SceneData based on a plurality of different types of sensor data captured by the sensor group, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and generating a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. 20. A system for marking a variety of sensor data and processed sensor data related to a Scene, the system comprising:
a sensor-side technology stack that includes a group of one or more sensor devices, the sensor group capturing a plurality of different types of sensor data, the sensor-side technology stack producing SceneData based on the captured sensor data, the SceneData requiring processing and/or analysis of the captured sensor data; and a computer system that identifies a Scene of interest based on the SceneData and generates a SceneMark that marks the Scene of interest. | 2,400 |
8,432 | 8,432 | 15,184,118 | 2,482 | A device for decoding video data includes a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to decode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes. The one or more processors apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2. The one or more processors reconstruct the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. | 1. A method of decoding a block of video data, the method comprising:
decoding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and reconstructing the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the method comprises, for each respective sample of a predictive block of the current PU,
determining a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculating a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
reconstructing the block of video data comprises: reconstructing a coding block of the current CU using residual values by adding samples of the predictive blocks of PUs of the CU to corresponding samples of transform blocks of transform units (TUs) of the current CU. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising deriving the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model comprises:
applying an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and deriving an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 8. A method of encoding a block of video data, the method comprising:
encoding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and encoding the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the method comprises, for each respective sample of a prediction block of the current PU:
determining a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculating a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
encoding the block of video data comprises generating residual data that represents pixel differences between the current CU and the predictive block. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising deriving the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model comprises:
applying an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and deriving an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 15. A device for decoding video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to:
decode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of the video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes;
apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and
reconstruct a block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the one or more processors are configured to, for each respective sample of a predictive block of the current PU:
determine a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculate a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of reconstructing the block of video data, the one or more processors reconstruct a coding block of the current CU using residual values by adding samples of the predictive blocks of PUs of the CU to corresponding samples of transform blocks of transform units (TUs) of the current CU. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to derive the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model, the one or more processors:
apply an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and derive an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 20. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 21. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 22. A device for encoding video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to:
encode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of the video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes;
apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and
encode the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 23. The device of claim 22, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the one or more processors are configured to, for each respective sample of a prediction block of the current PU:
determine a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculate a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of encoding the block of video data, the one or more processors generate residual data that represents pixel differences between the current CU and the predictive block. 24. The device of claim 23, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 25. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to derive the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model, the one or more processors:
apply an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and derive an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 26. The device of claim 23, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 27. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 28. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 29. A video coding device for decoding a block of video data, comprising:
means for coding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; means for applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and means for coding the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 30. A computer readable medium that stores instructions that, when executed by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to:
code syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and code a block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. | A device for decoding video data includes a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to decode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes. The one or more processors apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2. The one or more processors reconstruct the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode.1. A method of decoding a block of video data, the method comprising:
decoding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and reconstructing the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the method comprises, for each respective sample of a predictive block of the current PU,
determining a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculating a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
reconstructing the block of video data comprises: reconstructing a coding block of the current CU using residual values by adding samples of the predictive blocks of PUs of the CU to corresponding samples of transform blocks of transform units (TUs) of the current CU. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising deriving the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model comprises:
applying an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and deriving an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 8. A method of encoding a block of video data, the method comprising:
encoding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and encoding the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the method comprises, for each respective sample of a prediction block of the current PU:
determining a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculating a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
encoding the block of video data comprises generating residual data that represents pixel differences between the current CU and the predictive block. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising deriving the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model comprises:
applying an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and deriving an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising selecting the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 15. A device for decoding video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to:
decode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of the video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes;
apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and
reconstruct a block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the one or more processors are configured to, for each respective sample of a predictive block of the current PU:
determine a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculate a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of reconstructing the block of video data, the one or more processors reconstruct a coding block of the current CU using residual values by adding samples of the predictive blocks of PUs of the CU to corresponding samples of transform blocks of transform units (TUs) of the current CU. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to derive the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model, the one or more processors:
apply an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and derive an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 20. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 21. The device of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 22. A device for encoding video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store the video data; and one or more processors configured to:
encode syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of the video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes;
apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and
encode the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 23. The device of claim 22, wherein:
the block of video data is a current coding unit (CU) in a current picture of the video data, the selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data is a selected intra prediction mode for a current prediction unit (PU) of the current CU, the one or more processors are configured to, for each respective sample of a prediction block of the current PU:
determine a fractional position between two neighboring reconstructed samples of a set of neighboring reconstructed samples by projecting, along a prediction direction associated with the selected intra prediction mode, a coordinate of the respective sample to a row or column of neighboring reconstructed samples containing the two neighboring reconstructed samples, wherein the set of neighboring reconstructed samples including reconstructed samples above and left of the current PU in the current picture; and
calculate a prediction value of the respective sample by applying the N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples to interpolate a value at the determined fractional position, and
the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of encoding the block of video data, the one or more processors generate residual data that represents pixel differences between the current CU and the predictive block. 24. The device of claim 23, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises at least one of a sin c interpolation filter, a Gaussian interpolation filter and an interpolation filter derived using an image correlation model. 25. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to derive the intra interpolation filter using an image correlation model, wherein the one or more processors are configured such that, as part of deriving the interpolation filter using an image correlation model, the one or more processors:
apply an image correlation function based on Generalized Gaussian function; and derive an interpolation function for each fractional position using a least mean square estimate. 26. The device of claim 23, wherein the intra interpolation filter comprises a Gaussian interpolation filter and a parameter controlling a smoothing strength of the Gaussian interpolation filter varies based on block sizes. 27. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of block size or relative sample position inside the block of video data. 28. The device of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are configured to select the intra interpolation filter based on at least one of reconstructed sample values or intra prediction modes of neighboring blocks. 29. A video coding device for decoding a block of video data, comprising:
means for coding syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for the block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; means for applying an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and means for coding the block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. 30. A computer readable medium that stores instructions that, when executed by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to:
code syntax information that indicates a selected intra prediction mode for a block of video data from among a plurality of intra prediction modes; apply an N-tap intra interpolation filter to neighboring reconstructed samples of the block of video data according to the selected intra prediction mode, wherein N is greater than 2; and code a block of video data based on the filtered neighboring reconstructed samples according to the selected intra prediction mode. | 2,400 |
8,433 | 8,433 | 15,651,840 | 2,421 | A method is described for obtaining and using viewership data to determine relationships between previous viewership of an episodic program and viewership of future episodes of the program. Aggregating the data may comprise determining missing data points and predicting substitute data points based on past viewership data for the individual viewer and a plurality of other viewers. Data may be presented to the user in a number of ways to aid in analysis and planning of likely viewership for a season of a television program. Data may be used to optimize advertising revenues, plan television lineups to maximize a number of likely viewers, or allocate content and resources between broadcast and video-on-demand. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns; retrieving viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer; determining a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time; determining a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer; determining a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers; determining a substitute candidate boundary time based on the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time; using the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and transmitting the report in response to the request. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a network corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the network. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a start time and a stop time corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the daypart. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining an episode of a network series and a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determining a third candidate boundary time based on a first subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series; determining a fourth candidate boundary time based on a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the daypart; and determining the first candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the third candidate boundary time and the fourth candidate boundary time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network and a daypart for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network during the daypart. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the substitute candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a season and series, identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the programming type; determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 10. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory having stored therein machine executable instructions, the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to:
receive, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns;
retrieve viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer;
determine a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time;
determine a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer;
determine a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers;
determine a substitute candidate boundary time based on the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time;
use the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and
transmit the report in response to the request. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine a network corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the network. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determine, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; and determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a start time and a stop time corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series. 13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine an episode of a network series and a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; determine, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determine a third candidate boundary time based on a first subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series; determine a fourth candidate boundary time based on a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the daypart; and determine the first candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the third candidate boundary time and the fourth candidate boundary time. 14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network and a daypart for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network during the daypart. 15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the substitute candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time. 17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a season and series, identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the programming type; determine a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 18. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns; retrieving viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer; determining a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time; determining an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determining a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to at least one other episode of the network series; determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and determining a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers corresponding to the network programming; determining a substitute candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time; using the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and transmitting the report in response to the request. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
determining a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; and wherein determining the first candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to at least one other episode of the network series and a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the programming type. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time is further based on viewership data for the plurality of other viewers corresponding to the network programming viewed within one week of the missing boundary time. | A method is described for obtaining and using viewership data to determine relationships between previous viewership of an episodic program and viewership of future episodes of the program. Aggregating the data may comprise determining missing data points and predicting substitute data points based on past viewership data for the individual viewer and a plurality of other viewers. Data may be presented to the user in a number of ways to aid in analysis and planning of likely viewership for a season of a television program. Data may be used to optimize advertising revenues, plan television lineups to maximize a number of likely viewers, or allocate content and resources between broadcast and video-on-demand.1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns; retrieving viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer; determining a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time; determining a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer; determining a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers; determining a substitute candidate boundary time based on the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time; using the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and transmitting the report in response to the request. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a network corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the network. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a start time and a stop time corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the daypart. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining an episode of a network series and a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determining a third candidate boundary time based on a first subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series; determining a fourth candidate boundary time based on a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the daypart; and determining the first candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the third candidate boundary time and the fourth candidate boundary time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network and a daypart for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network during the daypart. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the substitute candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a season and series, identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; determining the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the programming type; determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 10. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory having stored therein machine executable instructions, the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to:
receive, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns;
retrieve viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer;
determine a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time;
determine a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer;
determine a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers;
determine a substitute candidate boundary time based on the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time;
use the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and
transmit the report in response to the request. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine a network corresponding to the missing boundary time; and determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the network. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determine, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; and determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a start time and a stop time corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series. 13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine an episode of a network series and a daypart corresponding to the missing boundary time; determine, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determine a third candidate boundary time based on a first subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the at least one other episode of the network series; determine a fourth candidate boundary time based on a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the daypart; and determine the first candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the third candidate boundary time and the fourth candidate boundary time. 14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network and a daypart for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network during the daypart. 15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time further comprises:
determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein determining the substitute candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time. 17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one memory and the machine executable instructions further cause the at least one processor to:
determine a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a season and series, identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; determine the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer based on a plurality of start and stop times corresponding to the programming type; determine a network programming for the missing boundary time; and wherein the viewership data for the plurality of other viewers comprises start times and stop times corresponding to the network programming. 18. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a computing device, a request for a report of user consumption patterns; retrieving viewership data for a first viewer, the viewership data comprising information indicating a plurality of content viewing sessions of the first viewer; determining a missing boundary time for one of the content viewing sessions, wherein the missing boundary time comprises a missing start time or a missing end time; determining an episode of a network series corresponding to the missing boundary time; determining, based on the viewership data for the first viewer, that the first viewer has viewed at least one other episode of the network series; determining a first candidate boundary time based on a subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to at least one other episode of the network series; determining a network programming for the missing boundary time; and determining a second candidate boundary time based on viewership data for a plurality of other viewers corresponding to the network programming; determining a substitute candidate boundary time based on a weighted average of the first candidate boundary time and the second candidate boundary time; using the substitute candidate boundary time in generating the report of user consumption patterns; and transmitting the report in response to the request. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
determining a programming type corresponding to the missing boundary time, wherein the programming type comprises at least one of: identification of a genre, identification of a network, identification of a viewing platform, and identification of a daypart; and wherein determining the first candidate boundary time is further based on a weighted average of the subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to at least one other episode of the network series and a second subset of the viewership data for the first viewer corresponding to the programming type. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the second candidate boundary time is further based on viewership data for the plurality of other viewers corresponding to the network programming viewed within one week of the missing boundary time. | 2,400 |
8,434 | 8,434 | 15,014,835 | 2,448 | A method for providing a service for image sharing and feedback is provided. The method includes providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application includes a photo war component and a photo contest component. The photo war component provides for presenting users multiple photos and receiving a selection of one of the multiple photos and the photo contest component provides for presenting users with multiple photos and receiving votes or likes for the photo. | 1. A method for providing a service for image sharing and feedback, the method comprising:
providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application includes a photo war component and a photo contest component; wherein the photo war component provides for presenting users multiple photos and receiving a selection of one of the multiple photos; and wherein the photo contest component provides for presenting users with multiple photos and receiving votes or likes for the photo. 2. The method of claim I wherein the photo war component further provides for assigning an initial number of chances for each of the multiple photos, increasing the chances each time each of the multiple photos is selected an decreasing the chances each time each of the multiple photos is not selected. 3. The method of claim 2 further comprising removing each of the multiple photos from the photo war component when the chances are reduced to zero. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprises providing a token component wherein the token component allows users to be rewarded one or more additional tokens for participating in the photo war component or the photo contest component. 5. The method of claim I wherein the token component provides for purchasing additional tokens. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application provides for redeeming tokens to purchase additional chances for use in the photo war component. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application provides for reporting votes to a social media platform. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the photo war component allows for a user to determine a number of tokens to bet. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application accesses the photos from a social media platform. 10. A method for providing a platform for image sharing and feedback, the method comprising:
providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application provides for: receiving an image from the user; assigning an initial number of chances for the photo; presenting the photo with at least one other photo to other users in a photo war and receiving a selection of the photo or a selection of one of the at least one other photo; if the photo is selected then increasing the number of chances for the photo and if one of the at least one other photo is selected decreasing the number of chances for the photo; if the number of chances is reduced to zero then removing the photo from the photo war. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising providing the user with an opportunity to obtain additional chances. | A method for providing a service for image sharing and feedback is provided. The method includes providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application includes a photo war component and a photo contest component. The photo war component provides for presenting users multiple photos and receiving a selection of one of the multiple photos and the photo contest component provides for presenting users with multiple photos and receiving votes or likes for the photo.1. A method for providing a service for image sharing and feedback, the method comprising:
providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application includes a photo war component and a photo contest component; wherein the photo war component provides for presenting users multiple photos and receiving a selection of one of the multiple photos; and wherein the photo contest component provides for presenting users with multiple photos and receiving votes or likes for the photo. 2. The method of claim I wherein the photo war component further provides for assigning an initial number of chances for each of the multiple photos, increasing the chances each time each of the multiple photos is selected an decreasing the chances each time each of the multiple photos is not selected. 3. The method of claim 2 further comprising removing each of the multiple photos from the photo war component when the chances are reduced to zero. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprises providing a token component wherein the token component allows users to be rewarded one or more additional tokens for participating in the photo war component or the photo contest component. 5. The method of claim I wherein the token component provides for purchasing additional tokens. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application provides for redeeming tokens to purchase additional chances for use in the photo war component. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application provides for reporting votes to a social media platform. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the photo war component allows for a user to determine a number of tokens to bet. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the software application accesses the photos from a social media platform. 10. A method for providing a platform for image sharing and feedback, the method comprising:
providing a software application to execute on a computing device wherein the software application provides for: receiving an image from the user; assigning an initial number of chances for the photo; presenting the photo with at least one other photo to other users in a photo war and receiving a selection of the photo or a selection of one of the at least one other photo; if the photo is selected then increasing the number of chances for the photo and if one of the at least one other photo is selected decreasing the number of chances for the photo; if the number of chances is reduced to zero then removing the photo from the photo war. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising providing the user with an opportunity to obtain additional chances. | 2,400 |
8,435 | 8,435 | 14,823,629 | 2,425 | There is provided a method and apparatus for motion estimation in a sequence of video images. The method comprises a) subdividing each field or frame of a sequence of video images into a plurality of blocks, b) assigning to each block in each video field or frame a respective set of candidate motion vectors, c) determining for each block in a current video field or frame, which of its respective candidate motion vectors produces a best match to a block in a previous video field or frame, d) forming a motion vector field for the current video field or frame using the thus determined best match vectors for each block, and e) forming a further motion vector field by storing a candidate motion vector derived from the best match vector at a block location offset by a distance derived from the candidate motion vector. Finally, steps a) to e) are repeated for a video field or frame following the current video field or frame. The set of candidate motion vectors assigned at step b) to a block in the following video field or frame includes the candidates stored at that block location at step e) during the current video field or frame The method enables a block or tile based motion estimator to improve its accuracy by introducing true motion vector candidates derived from the physical behaviour of real world objects. | 1. A method for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
selecting a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; storing in memory a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; and using the stored prediction candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said next video field or frame. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing multiple candidate motion vectors at a block location based on a priority system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said priority system comprises:
storing a metric representing the quality of the best match in said previous video field or frame; and selecting candidate motion vectors for storing according to the stored quality metric. 4. A method for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
selecting a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; storing in memory a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; selecting a best match motion vector for a block in the next video field or frame from a set of candidate vectors including said prediction candidate vector based on a best match of a candidate vector to a block in said current video field or frame; calculating a change in motion vector corresponding to a difference between a best match vector in said next video field or frame and a stored prediction candidate vector for a block in said next video field or frame; adding said change in motion vector to said best match motion vector for said block in said next video field or frame to produce an acceleration candidate vector; storing said acceleration candidate vector in memory at a position corresponding to a block in a second next video field or frame determined by applying said acceleration candidate vector to said block in said next video field or frame; and using the stored acceleration candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said second next video field or frame. 5. Apparatus for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
a selector configured to select a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; a memory configured to store a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; and a motion estimator configured to use the stored prediction candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said next video field or frame. | There is provided a method and apparatus for motion estimation in a sequence of video images. The method comprises a) subdividing each field or frame of a sequence of video images into a plurality of blocks, b) assigning to each block in each video field or frame a respective set of candidate motion vectors, c) determining for each block in a current video field or frame, which of its respective candidate motion vectors produces a best match to a block in a previous video field or frame, d) forming a motion vector field for the current video field or frame using the thus determined best match vectors for each block, and e) forming a further motion vector field by storing a candidate motion vector derived from the best match vector at a block location offset by a distance derived from the candidate motion vector. Finally, steps a) to e) are repeated for a video field or frame following the current video field or frame. The set of candidate motion vectors assigned at step b) to a block in the following video field or frame includes the candidates stored at that block location at step e) during the current video field or frame The method enables a block or tile based motion estimator to improve its accuracy by introducing true motion vector candidates derived from the physical behaviour of real world objects.1. A method for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
selecting a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; storing in memory a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; and using the stored prediction candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said next video field or frame. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing multiple candidate motion vectors at a block location based on a priority system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said priority system comprises:
storing a metric representing the quality of the best match in said previous video field or frame; and selecting candidate motion vectors for storing according to the stored quality metric. 4. A method for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
selecting a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; storing in memory a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; selecting a best match motion vector for a block in the next video field or frame from a set of candidate vectors including said prediction candidate vector based on a best match of a candidate vector to a block in said current video field or frame; calculating a change in motion vector corresponding to a difference between a best match vector in said next video field or frame and a stored prediction candidate vector for a block in said next video field or frame; adding said change in motion vector to said best match motion vector for said block in said next video field or frame to produce an acceleration candidate vector; storing said acceleration candidate vector in memory at a position corresponding to a block in a second next video field or frame determined by applying said acceleration candidate vector to said block in said next video field or frame; and using the stored acceleration candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said second next video field or frame. 5. Apparatus for motion estimation in a sequence of video images, comprising:
a selector configured to select a best match motion vector for a block in a current video field or frame from a set of candidate motion vectors based on a best match of a candidate motion vector to a block in a previous video field or frame; a memory configured to store a prediction candidate vector equal to the best match vector at a position corresponding to a block in a next video field or frame determined by applying the best match vector to the block in the current video field or frame; and a motion estimator configured to use the stored prediction candidate vector to perform motion estimation in said next video field or frame. | 2,400 |
8,436 | 8,436 | 15,045,562 | 2,415 | According to one configuration, a wireless access point receives a unique network identifier value. The wireless access point assigns the unique network identifier value to a respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. Map information maps the unique network identifier value maps to a geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. For a wireless communication session over the wireless network, the wireless access point provides notification of the unique network identifier value to a remote management resource. The remote management resource uses the received unique network identifier value associated with a current communication session to identify a location of a communication device communicating over the communication session with the wireless access point. For example, the remote management resource utilizes the map information to identify a geographical location associated with the unique network identifier value. | 1. A method comprising:
at a first wireless access point in a network environment including multiple wireless access points:
receiving a unique network identifier value assigned to the first wireless access point;
assigning the unique network identifier value to a respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to a geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
for a wireless communication session over the wireless network, providing notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource. 2. The method as in claim 1, wherein a communication device establishes the communication session with the first wireless access point, the method further comprising:
providing the notification of the unique network identifier value to the management resource to notify the management resource that the communication device establishing the communication session with the first wireless access point resides at the geographical location. 3. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
from the first wireless access point: transmitting the unique network identifier value to the communication device to notify the communication device of an availability of the respective wireless network, the communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point. 4. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to indicate an identity of the respective wireless network, the respective wireless network dedicated to support a predetermined type of communications. 5. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value indicating an identity of the respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 6. The method as in claim 5 further comprising:
broadcasting the unique network identifier value in the geographical region to a communication device establishing the communication session, the unique network identifier value indicating availability of the respective wireless network to handle a predetermined type of communications. 7. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
subsequent to providing notification of the unique network identifier value to the communication device, establishing the communication session between the first wireless access point and the communication device in response to a request from the communication device to establish the communication session over the respective wireless network. 8. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
at the management resource, mapping the unique network identifier value to the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides to identify a location of the communication device. 9. The method as in claim 8, wherein the management resource maps the unique network identifier value to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers specifying the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. 10. The method as in claim 9, wherein a first grouping of numbers of the string indicates an area code in which the first wireless access point resides;
wherein a second grouping of numbers in the string indicates an exchange within the area code in which the first wireless access point resides; and wherein a third grouping of numbers in the string indicates a specific location of the first wireless access point in which the geographical region resides. 11. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value maps to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers, each of multiple groupings of numbers in the string corresponding to a successively more specific location of the geographical region in which the first wireless access point. 12. A method comprising:
via computer processor hardware, performing operations of:
receiving a unique network identifier value, the unique network identifier value assigned to a first wireless access point of multiple wireless access points in a network environment, the unique network identifier value associated with a corresponding geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides;
producing map information mapping the unique network identifier value to the corresponding geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides; and
utilizing the map information to identify a location of a mobile communication device communicating through the first wireless access point. 13. The method as in claim 11, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to support conveyance of a predetermined type of communications from the mobile communication device to a target recipient. 14. The method as in claim 13, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value assigned to a corresponding network supported by the first wireless access point. 15. A method comprising:
receiving a unique network identifier value assigned to a geographical location; distributing the unique network identifier value to a wireless access point in the geographical region; and producing map information mapping the unique network identifier value to the geographical location. 16. The method as in claim 15, wherein distributing the unique network identifier value includes: transmitting the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point in response to receiving a query from the wireless access point. 17. The method as in claim 16 further comprising:
controlling a power level of wirelessly transmitting a communication including the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point based at least in part on a signal strength of receiving the query from the wireless access point. 18. The method as in claim 15 further comprising:
adjusting a power level of wirelessly transmitting a communication including the unique network identifier value to control which of multiple wireless access points are assigned the unique network identifier value. 19. The method as in claim 15, wherein distribution of the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point notifies the wireless access point that the unique network identifier value is assigned for use by the wireless access point to support communications with mobile communication devices. 20. A method comprising:
at a management resource in a network environment including multiple wireless access points:
receiving a message from a first wireless access point in the network environment, the first wireless access point communicating the message to the management resource;
mapping a unique network identifier value in the message to geographical location information; and
providing notification of the geographical location information to a target recipient. 21. The method as in claim 20, wherein the message indicates attributes of a corresponding type of wireless communication session between a communication device and the first wireless access point. 22. The method as in claim 21, wherein the wireless communication session supports voice communications between the communication device and the first wireless access point, the first wireless access point forwarding communications received over the wireless communication session to the target recipient. 23. The method as in claim 20, wherein the target recipient includes call-handling personnel trained to manage the type of communications received over the wireless communication session from a user operating the communication device. 24. The method as in claim 20, wherein the geographical location information is a multiple-digit string of numbers, a first grouping of numbers of the string indicating an area code in which the first wireless access point resides, a second grouping of numbers in the string indicating an exchange within the area code in which the first wireless access point resides, and a third grouping of numbers in the string indicating a specific location of the first wireless access point in which the geographical region resides. 25. The method as in claim 20, wherein the geographical location information is a multiple-digit string of numbers, each of multiple groupings of numbers in the string indicating a successively more specific location of the geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides. 26. A system comprising:
multiple wireless access points including a first wireless access point and a second wireless access point; the first wireless access point operable to:
receive a unique network identifier value assigned to the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to location information indicating a location in which the first wireless access point resides;
distribute the unique network identifier value to a communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point; and
provide notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource that obtains the location information using the unique network identifier information. 27. The system as in claim 26, wherein a communication device establishes the communication session with the first wireless access point, the first wireless access point further operable to:
provide the notification of the unique network identifier value to the management resource to notify the management resource that the communication device establishing the communication session with the first wireless access point resides at the geographical location. 28. The system as in claim 26, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to: transmit the unique network identifier value to the communication device, the communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value indicating the wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 29. The system as in claim 26, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to support a predetermined type of communications from the communication device to the first wireless access point. 30. The system as in claim 26, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value indicating an identity of the respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 31. The system as in claim 30, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to:
broadcast the unique network identifier value in the geographical region to a communication device, the unique network identifier value indicating availability of the respective wireless network to handle a predetermined type of communications. 32. The system as in claim 26, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to:
subsequent to providing notification of the unique network identifier value to a communication device, establishing the communication session between the first wireless access point and the communication device in response to a request from the communication device to establish the communication link over the respective wireless network. 33. The system as in claim 26 further comprising:
a management resource operable to map the unique network identifier value to the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides to identify a location of the communication device. 34. The system as in claim 33, wherein the unique network identifier value is mapped to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers specifying the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. 35. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when carried out by computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to:
receive a unique network identifier value assigned to a first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to location information indicating a location of the first wireless access point; distribute the unique network identifier value to a communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point; and provide notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource obtains the location information using the unique network identifier value. | According to one configuration, a wireless access point receives a unique network identifier value. The wireless access point assigns the unique network identifier value to a respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. Map information maps the unique network identifier value maps to a geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. For a wireless communication session over the wireless network, the wireless access point provides notification of the unique network identifier value to a remote management resource. The remote management resource uses the received unique network identifier value associated with a current communication session to identify a location of a communication device communicating over the communication session with the wireless access point. For example, the remote management resource utilizes the map information to identify a geographical location associated with the unique network identifier value.1. A method comprising:
at a first wireless access point in a network environment including multiple wireless access points:
receiving a unique network identifier value assigned to the first wireless access point;
assigning the unique network identifier value to a respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to a geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
for a wireless communication session over the wireless network, providing notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource. 2. The method as in claim 1, wherein a communication device establishes the communication session with the first wireless access point, the method further comprising:
providing the notification of the unique network identifier value to the management resource to notify the management resource that the communication device establishing the communication session with the first wireless access point resides at the geographical location. 3. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
from the first wireless access point: transmitting the unique network identifier value to the communication device to notify the communication device of an availability of the respective wireless network, the communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point. 4. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to indicate an identity of the respective wireless network, the respective wireless network dedicated to support a predetermined type of communications. 5. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value indicating an identity of the respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 6. The method as in claim 5 further comprising:
broadcasting the unique network identifier value in the geographical region to a communication device establishing the communication session, the unique network identifier value indicating availability of the respective wireless network to handle a predetermined type of communications. 7. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
subsequent to providing notification of the unique network identifier value to the communication device, establishing the communication session between the first wireless access point and the communication device in response to a request from the communication device to establish the communication session over the respective wireless network. 8. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:
at the management resource, mapping the unique network identifier value to the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides to identify a location of the communication device. 9. The method as in claim 8, wherein the management resource maps the unique network identifier value to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers specifying the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. 10. The method as in claim 9, wherein a first grouping of numbers of the string indicates an area code in which the first wireless access point resides;
wherein a second grouping of numbers in the string indicates an exchange within the area code in which the first wireless access point resides; and wherein a third grouping of numbers in the string indicates a specific location of the first wireless access point in which the geographical region resides. 11. The method as in claim 1, wherein the unique network identifier value maps to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers, each of multiple groupings of numbers in the string corresponding to a successively more specific location of the geographical region in which the first wireless access point. 12. A method comprising:
via computer processor hardware, performing operations of:
receiving a unique network identifier value, the unique network identifier value assigned to a first wireless access point of multiple wireless access points in a network environment, the unique network identifier value associated with a corresponding geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides;
producing map information mapping the unique network identifier value to the corresponding geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides; and
utilizing the map information to identify a location of a mobile communication device communicating through the first wireless access point. 13. The method as in claim 11, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to support conveyance of a predetermined type of communications from the mobile communication device to a target recipient. 14. The method as in claim 13, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value assigned to a corresponding network supported by the first wireless access point. 15. A method comprising:
receiving a unique network identifier value assigned to a geographical location; distributing the unique network identifier value to a wireless access point in the geographical region; and producing map information mapping the unique network identifier value to the geographical location. 16. The method as in claim 15, wherein distributing the unique network identifier value includes: transmitting the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point in response to receiving a query from the wireless access point. 17. The method as in claim 16 further comprising:
controlling a power level of wirelessly transmitting a communication including the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point based at least in part on a signal strength of receiving the query from the wireless access point. 18. The method as in claim 15 further comprising:
adjusting a power level of wirelessly transmitting a communication including the unique network identifier value to control which of multiple wireless access points are assigned the unique network identifier value. 19. The method as in claim 15, wherein distribution of the unique network identifier value to the wireless access point notifies the wireless access point that the unique network identifier value is assigned for use by the wireless access point to support communications with mobile communication devices. 20. A method comprising:
at a management resource in a network environment including multiple wireless access points:
receiving a message from a first wireless access point in the network environment, the first wireless access point communicating the message to the management resource;
mapping a unique network identifier value in the message to geographical location information; and
providing notification of the geographical location information to a target recipient. 21. The method as in claim 20, wherein the message indicates attributes of a corresponding type of wireless communication session between a communication device and the first wireless access point. 22. The method as in claim 21, wherein the wireless communication session supports voice communications between the communication device and the first wireless access point, the first wireless access point forwarding communications received over the wireless communication session to the target recipient. 23. The method as in claim 20, wherein the target recipient includes call-handling personnel trained to manage the type of communications received over the wireless communication session from a user operating the communication device. 24. The method as in claim 20, wherein the geographical location information is a multiple-digit string of numbers, a first grouping of numbers of the string indicating an area code in which the first wireless access point resides, a second grouping of numbers in the string indicating an exchange within the area code in which the first wireless access point resides, and a third grouping of numbers in the string indicating a specific location of the first wireless access point in which the geographical region resides. 25. The method as in claim 20, wherein the geographical location information is a multiple-digit string of numbers, each of multiple groupings of numbers in the string indicating a successively more specific location of the geographical region in which the first wireless access point resides. 26. A system comprising:
multiple wireless access points including a first wireless access point and a second wireless access point; the first wireless access point operable to:
receive a unique network identifier value assigned to the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to location information indicating a location in which the first wireless access point resides;
distribute the unique network identifier value to a communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point; and
provide notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource that obtains the location information using the unique network identifier information. 27. The system as in claim 26, wherein a communication device establishes the communication session with the first wireless access point, the first wireless access point further operable to:
provide the notification of the unique network identifier value to the management resource to notify the management resource that the communication device establishing the communication session with the first wireless access point resides at the geographical location. 28. The system as in claim 26, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to: transmit the unique network identifier value to the communication device, the communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value indicating the wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 29. The system as in claim 26, wherein the unique network identifier value is allocated to support a predetermined type of communications from the communication device to the first wireless access point. 30. The system as in claim 26, wherein the unique network identifier value is a unique SSID (Service Set IDentifier) value indicating an identity of the respective wireless network supported by the first wireless access point. 31. The system as in claim 30, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to:
broadcast the unique network identifier value in the geographical region to a communication device, the unique network identifier value indicating availability of the respective wireless network to handle a predetermined type of communications. 32. The system as in claim 26, wherein the first wireless access point is further operable to:
subsequent to providing notification of the unique network identifier value to a communication device, establishing the communication session between the first wireless access point and the communication device in response to a request from the communication device to establish the communication link over the respective wireless network. 33. The system as in claim 26 further comprising:
a management resource operable to map the unique network identifier value to the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides to identify a location of the communication device. 34. The system as in claim 33, wherein the unique network identifier value is mapped to geographical location information indicating the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides; and
wherein the geographical location information includes a multiple-digit string of numbers specifying the geographical location in which the first wireless access point resides. 35. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when carried out by computer processor hardware, causes the computer processor hardware to:
receive a unique network identifier value assigned to a first wireless access point, the unique network identifier value mapped to location information indicating a location of the first wireless access point; distribute the unique network identifier value to a communication device within wireless communication range of the first wireless access point; and provide notification of the unique network identifier value to a management resource obtains the location information using the unique network identifier value. | 2,400 |
8,437 | 8,437 | 14,995,025 | 2,494 | A method for authenticating a user. The method includes the act of recording first data about an environment at a first time. A user interaction with the environment is stored as a stored password. Second data about the environment is received through an image sensor at a second time. While receiving the second data about the environment, a password is entered. The entered password is compared with the stored password. | 1. A method for authenticating a user, comprising:
at a first time, recording first data about an environment; storing a user interaction with the environment as a stored password; at a second time, receiving second data about the environment through an image sensor; while receiving the second data about the environment, entering a password; and comparing the entered password with the stored password. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment includes recording environmental features. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the environmental features include feature points from the environment. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the environmental features include feature points from the environment. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment includes recording video about the environment. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment through an image sensor includes receiving the first data or the second data about environmental features over a period of time. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the image sensor is one or more of a video camera, an infrared sensor, or a depth camera. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein storing a user interaction with the environment as a stored password includes indicating an environmental feature. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein indicating an environmental feature includes tapping on a display of an imaging device while recording the first data or the second data about the environment. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein indicating an environmental feature of the environment includes gesturing toward the environmental feature. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the entered password with the stored password includes comparing a portion of the entered password with a portion of the stored password. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising authenticating the user if the portion of the entered password matches the portion of the stored password. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprises authenticating the user if the entered password matches the stored password. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprises authenticating the user if the entered password matches the stored password within a selected threshold. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the user interaction is associated with the first data. 16. A method for authenticating a user, comprising:
at a first time, recording one or more feature points and descriptors in an environment; while recording one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment, storing a user interaction with the environment relative to the recorded one or more feature points and descriptors as a stored password; at a second time, receiving one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment through an image sensor; while receiving one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment, entering a password relative to the received one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment; and comparing the one or more feature points and descriptors in the entered password with the one or more feature points and descriptors in the stored password. 17. An imaging device for authenticating a user, comprising:
a processor; an image sensor in electronic communication with the processor; memory in electronic communication with the processor with instructions executable by the processor to:
at a first time, record first data about an environment;
store a user interaction with the environment as a stored password;
at a second time, receive second data about the environment through an image sensor;
while receiving the second data about the environment, receive an entered password; and
comparing the entered password with the stored password. 18. The imaging device of 17, wherein the imaging device is a wearable imaging device. 19. The imaging device of 17, wherein the imaging device is a handheld imaging device. 20. The imaging device of 17, wherein recording the first data or the second data about an environment at the first time or the second time includes using Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF), Gradient Location and Orientation Histogram (GLOH), histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) to identify feature points in the environment. 21. The imaging device of 20, wherein comparing the entered password with the stored password includes using L2 norm computation to compare feature points in the entered password with feature points in the stored password. 22. The imaging device of claim 17, wherein the user interaction is associated with the first data. | A method for authenticating a user. The method includes the act of recording first data about an environment at a first time. A user interaction with the environment is stored as a stored password. Second data about the environment is received through an image sensor at a second time. While receiving the second data about the environment, a password is entered. The entered password is compared with the stored password.1. A method for authenticating a user, comprising:
at a first time, recording first data about an environment; storing a user interaction with the environment as a stored password; at a second time, receiving second data about the environment through an image sensor; while receiving the second data about the environment, entering a password; and comparing the entered password with the stored password. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment includes recording environmental features. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the environmental features include feature points from the environment. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the environmental features include feature points from the environment. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment includes recording video about the environment. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first data or the second data about the environment through an image sensor includes receiving the first data or the second data about environmental features over a period of time. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the image sensor is one or more of a video camera, an infrared sensor, or a depth camera. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein storing a user interaction with the environment as a stored password includes indicating an environmental feature. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein indicating an environmental feature includes tapping on a display of an imaging device while recording the first data or the second data about the environment. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein indicating an environmental feature of the environment includes gesturing toward the environmental feature. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the entered password with the stored password includes comparing a portion of the entered password with a portion of the stored password. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising authenticating the user if the portion of the entered password matches the portion of the stored password. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprises authenticating the user if the entered password matches the stored password. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprises authenticating the user if the entered password matches the stored password within a selected threshold. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the user interaction is associated with the first data. 16. A method for authenticating a user, comprising:
at a first time, recording one or more feature points and descriptors in an environment; while recording one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment, storing a user interaction with the environment relative to the recorded one or more feature points and descriptors as a stored password; at a second time, receiving one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment through an image sensor; while receiving one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment, entering a password relative to the received one or more feature points and descriptors in the environment; and comparing the one or more feature points and descriptors in the entered password with the one or more feature points and descriptors in the stored password. 17. An imaging device for authenticating a user, comprising:
a processor; an image sensor in electronic communication with the processor; memory in electronic communication with the processor with instructions executable by the processor to:
at a first time, record first data about an environment;
store a user interaction with the environment as a stored password;
at a second time, receive second data about the environment through an image sensor;
while receiving the second data about the environment, receive an entered password; and
comparing the entered password with the stored password. 18. The imaging device of 17, wherein the imaging device is a wearable imaging device. 19. The imaging device of 17, wherein the imaging device is a handheld imaging device. 20. The imaging device of 17, wherein recording the first data or the second data about an environment at the first time or the second time includes using Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF), Gradient Location and Orientation Histogram (GLOH), histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) to identify feature points in the environment. 21. The imaging device of 20, wherein comparing the entered password with the stored password includes using L2 norm computation to compare feature points in the entered password with feature points in the stored password. 22. The imaging device of claim 17, wherein the user interaction is associated with the first data. | 2,400 |
8,438 | 8,438 | 15,807,709 | 2,456 | A method and apparatus for screening access to personal contact information in an electronic or telephonic database is provided. The embodiments include a querying party generating a query signal to obtain personal contact information. The query signal is received by a bridge website server and the bridge website server sends a query notification signal to a listing party so as to inform him or her of the existence of a query for personal contact information and the identity of the querying party. The listing party generates a consent/no-consent signal that is sent to the bridge website server, wherein the consent/no-consent signal indicates the personal contact information that is to be revealed to the querying party. A personal contact information signal is then generated by the server, wherein the personal contact information signal provides the querying party the revealed personal contact information of the listing party. | 1. A method performed by at least one computer in connection with a bridge website server associated with a bridge website and a personal contact information database containing personal contact information of a listing party comprising two or more of a name, a street address, a telephone number, a fax number, a pager number, a social security number, and an email address of the listing party, the method comprising:
at the bridge website server, receiving, over the Internet from a first device executing a web browser, a querying signal generated by the web browser in response to input provided by a querying party into a web page displayed by the web browser, the querying signal representing a request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the personal contact information database,
wherein the querying signal comprises:
one or more search terms selected from the group consisting of the name, the street address, the telephone number, the fax number, the pager number, and the social security number of the listing party, and
personal contact information of the querying party,
wherein the querying party is a first person, and
wherein the listing party is a second person;
at the bridge website server, storing the personal contact information of the querying party; at the bridge website server, transmitting, over the Internet to a second device, a query notification signal representing the request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party,
wherein the notification signal comprises the personal contact information of the querying party;
at the bridge website server, receiving, over the Internet from the second device, a consent/no-consent signal indicating selected information to be transmitted to the querying party,
wherein the selected information comprises at least some of the personal contact information of the listing party that is different than the one or more search terms, and
wherein the selected information does not comprise the email address of the listing party; and
at the bridge website server, transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information of the listing party,
wherein the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database that is not the selected information is not transmitted to the first device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises at least two of the name, the street address, and the telephone number of the listing party. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises at least one of the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected information comprises the street address of the listing party. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected information comprises the telephone number of the listing party. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database further comprises a time and place that the listing party will be available, and the selected information further comprises the time and the place that the listing party will be available. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises the fax number of the listing party. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information consists of the name, the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
at the bridge website server, receiving, from the listing party, a parameter requirements signal representing a plurality of parameters;
at the bridge website server, after receiving the querying signal from the querying party, sending a questionnaire signal representing a questionnaire to the querying party;
at the bridge website server, receiving, from the querying party, a questionnaire response signal representing a response to the questionnaire; and
determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters,
wherein the transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information is based on the determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters. 12. A bridge website server associated with a bridge website and a personal contact information database containing personal contact information of a listing party comprising two or more of a name, a street address, a telephone number, a fax number, a pager number, a social security number, and an email address of the listing party, the bridge website server comprising:
means for receiving, over the Internet from a first device executing a web browser in response to input provided by a querying party into a web page displayed by the web browser, the querying signal representing a request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the personal contact information database,
wherein the querying signal comprises:
one or more search terms selected from the group consisting of the name, the street address, the telephone number, the fax number, the pager number, and the social security number of the listing party, and
personal contact information of the querying party
wherein the querying party is a first person, and
wherein the listing party is a second person;
means for storing the personal contact information of the querying party; means for transmitting, over the Internet to a second device, a query notification signal representing the request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party,
wherein the notification signal comprises the personal contact information of the querying party;
means for receiving, over the Internet from the second device, a consent/no-consent signal indicating selected information to be transmitted to the querying party,
wherein the selected information comprises at least some of the personal contact information of the listing party that is different than the one or more search terms, and
wherein the selected information does not comprise the email address of the listing party; and
means for transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information of the listing party,
wherein the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database that is not the selected information is not transmitted to the first device. 13. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information comprises at least two of the name, the street address, and the telephone number of the listing party. 14. The bridge website server of claim 13, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 15. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 16. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information comprises at least one of the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 17. The bridge website server of claim 16, wherein the selected information comprises the telephone number of the listing party. 18. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein:
the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database further comprises a time and place that the listing party will be available, and the selected information further comprises the time and the place that the listing party will be available. 19. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information consists of the name, the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 20. The bridge website server of claim 12 further comprising:
means for receiving, from the listing party, a parameter requirements signal representing a plurality of parameters;
means for sending a questionnaire signal representing a questionnaire to the querying party after receiving the querying signal from the querying party;
means for receiving, form the querying party, a questionnaire response signal representing a response to the questionnaire; and
means for determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters,
wherein the selected information is transmitted over the Internet, to the first device, based on the determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters. | A method and apparatus for screening access to personal contact information in an electronic or telephonic database is provided. The embodiments include a querying party generating a query signal to obtain personal contact information. The query signal is received by a bridge website server and the bridge website server sends a query notification signal to a listing party so as to inform him or her of the existence of a query for personal contact information and the identity of the querying party. The listing party generates a consent/no-consent signal that is sent to the bridge website server, wherein the consent/no-consent signal indicates the personal contact information that is to be revealed to the querying party. A personal contact information signal is then generated by the server, wherein the personal contact information signal provides the querying party the revealed personal contact information of the listing party.1. A method performed by at least one computer in connection with a bridge website server associated with a bridge website and a personal contact information database containing personal contact information of a listing party comprising two or more of a name, a street address, a telephone number, a fax number, a pager number, a social security number, and an email address of the listing party, the method comprising:
at the bridge website server, receiving, over the Internet from a first device executing a web browser, a querying signal generated by the web browser in response to input provided by a querying party into a web page displayed by the web browser, the querying signal representing a request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the personal contact information database,
wherein the querying signal comprises:
one or more search terms selected from the group consisting of the name, the street address, the telephone number, the fax number, the pager number, and the social security number of the listing party, and
personal contact information of the querying party,
wherein the querying party is a first person, and
wherein the listing party is a second person;
at the bridge website server, storing the personal contact information of the querying party; at the bridge website server, transmitting, over the Internet to a second device, a query notification signal representing the request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party,
wherein the notification signal comprises the personal contact information of the querying party;
at the bridge website server, receiving, over the Internet from the second device, a consent/no-consent signal indicating selected information to be transmitted to the querying party,
wherein the selected information comprises at least some of the personal contact information of the listing party that is different than the one or more search terms, and
wherein the selected information does not comprise the email address of the listing party; and
at the bridge website server, transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information of the listing party,
wherein the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database that is not the selected information is not transmitted to the first device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises at least two of the name, the street address, and the telephone number of the listing party. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises at least one of the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected information comprises the street address of the listing party. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected information comprises the telephone number of the listing party. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database further comprises a time and place that the listing party will be available, and the selected information further comprises the time and the place that the listing party will be available. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information comprises the fax number of the listing party. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected information consists of the name, the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
at the bridge website server, receiving, from the listing party, a parameter requirements signal representing a plurality of parameters;
at the bridge website server, after receiving the querying signal from the querying party, sending a questionnaire signal representing a questionnaire to the querying party;
at the bridge website server, receiving, from the querying party, a questionnaire response signal representing a response to the questionnaire; and
determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters,
wherein the transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information is based on the determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters. 12. A bridge website server associated with a bridge website and a personal contact information database containing personal contact information of a listing party comprising two or more of a name, a street address, a telephone number, a fax number, a pager number, a social security number, and an email address of the listing party, the bridge website server comprising:
means for receiving, over the Internet from a first device executing a web browser in response to input provided by a querying party into a web page displayed by the web browser, the querying signal representing a request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the personal contact information database,
wherein the querying signal comprises:
one or more search terms selected from the group consisting of the name, the street address, the telephone number, the fax number, the pager number, and the social security number of the listing party, and
personal contact information of the querying party
wherein the querying party is a first person, and
wherein the listing party is a second person;
means for storing the personal contact information of the querying party; means for transmitting, over the Internet to a second device, a query notification signal representing the request from the querying party for the personal contact information of the listing party,
wherein the notification signal comprises the personal contact information of the querying party;
means for receiving, over the Internet from the second device, a consent/no-consent signal indicating selected information to be transmitted to the querying party,
wherein the selected information comprises at least some of the personal contact information of the listing party that is different than the one or more search terms, and
wherein the selected information does not comprise the email address of the listing party; and
means for transmitting, over the Internet, to the first device, the selected information of the listing party,
wherein the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database that is not the selected information is not transmitted to the first device. 13. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information comprises at least two of the name, the street address, and the telephone number of the listing party. 14. The bridge website server of claim 13, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 15. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the personal contact information of the querying party comprises one or more of the a street address, a telephone number, an email address, a name, a residence, a zip code, a geographic area, information about an employer, a club membership, an interest, a religion, a parish affiliation, a gender, a family relation, a school attended, an identifying picture, a credit card number, and a social security number of the querying party. 16. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information comprises at least one of the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 17. The bridge website server of claim 16, wherein the selected information comprises the telephone number of the listing party. 18. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein:
the personal contact information of the listing party contained in the database further comprises a time and place that the listing party will be available, and the selected information further comprises the time and the place that the listing party will be available. 19. The bridge website server of claim 12, wherein the selected information consists of the name, the street address and the telephone number of the listing party. 20. The bridge website server of claim 12 further comprising:
means for receiving, from the listing party, a parameter requirements signal representing a plurality of parameters;
means for sending a questionnaire signal representing a questionnaire to the querying party after receiving the querying signal from the querying party;
means for receiving, form the querying party, a questionnaire response signal representing a response to the questionnaire; and
means for determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters,
wherein the selected information is transmitted over the Internet, to the first device, based on the determining that the response from the querying party satisfies the plurality of parameters. | 2,400 |
8,439 | 8,439 | 15,947,074 | 2,472 | A symbol mapping method for repetition coding is disclosed. The symbol mapping method comprises performing repetition coding on codeword to output repeated codeword symbols, and mapping the repeated codeword symbols with subcarriers located in different localized resource blocks. According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to obtain maximum reliability in a receiving side by mapping codeword bits with subcarriers to reduce the number of bits having low reliability when a transmitting side uses repetition coding. Also, it is possible to improve decoding throughput and obtain channel diversity. | 1. A method for transmitting a signal at a base station in a mobile communication system, the method comprising:
performing repetition coding on an information bit to generate a plurality of codeword bits; obtaining a plurality of modulation symbols from the plurality of codeword bits; mapping the plurality of modulation symbols to one or more resource-element groups; and transmitting the plurality of mapped modulation symbols, wherein at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within a same time duration. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of mapped modulation symbols are transmitted via a control channel. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within the same time duration when the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped to two OFDM symbols. 4. A base station comprising a processor and memory, the memory including computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
perform repetition coding on an information bit to generate a plurality of codeword bits; obtain a plurality of modulation symbols from the plurality of codeword bits; map the plurality of modulation symbols to one or more resource-element groups; and transmit the plurality of mapped modulation symbols, wherein at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within a same time duration. 5. The base station of claim 4, wherein the plurality of mapped modulation symbols are transmitted via a control channel. 6. The base station of claim 4, wherein the at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other within the same time duration when the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped to two OFDM symb | A symbol mapping method for repetition coding is disclosed. The symbol mapping method comprises performing repetition coding on codeword to output repeated codeword symbols, and mapping the repeated codeword symbols with subcarriers located in different localized resource blocks. According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to obtain maximum reliability in a receiving side by mapping codeword bits with subcarriers to reduce the number of bits having low reliability when a transmitting side uses repetition coding. Also, it is possible to improve decoding throughput and obtain channel diversity.1. A method for transmitting a signal at a base station in a mobile communication system, the method comprising:
performing repetition coding on an information bit to generate a plurality of codeword bits; obtaining a plurality of modulation symbols from the plurality of codeword bits; mapping the plurality of modulation symbols to one or more resource-element groups; and transmitting the plurality of mapped modulation symbols, wherein at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within a same time duration. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of mapped modulation symbols are transmitted via a control channel. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within the same time duration when the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped to two OFDM symbols. 4. A base station comprising a processor and memory, the memory including computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
perform repetition coding on an information bit to generate a plurality of codeword bits; obtain a plurality of modulation symbols from the plurality of codeword bits; map the plurality of modulation symbols to one or more resource-element groups; and transmit the plurality of mapped modulation symbols, wherein at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other in the frequency domain within a same time duration. 5. The base station of claim 4, wherein the plurality of mapped modulation symbols are transmitted via a control channel. 6. The base station of claim 4, wherein the at least two of the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped separately from each other within the same time duration when the plurality of modulation symbols are mapped to two OFDM symb | 2,400 |
8,440 | 8,440 | 14,798,468 | 2,435 | A system for automatic authentication of service requests includes authentication of a remote access device. This authentication may be accomplished automatically prior to text or audio communication between a customer and a service agent. In some embodiments, authentication is accomplished automatically by authentication of the remote access device or accomplished by asking the customer questions. A single authentication of the remote access device may be used to authenticate a service request transferred between service agents. The authentication of the remote device may include, for example, use of a personal identification number, a fingerprint, a photograph, and/or a hardware identifier. | 1. A customer communication system comprising:
a gatekeeper configured to receive digital identification data and to ratify the digital identification data by comparing the digital identification data to previously stored customer authentication data; and a customer relationship management system configured to receive a customer service request from an access device and to connect the customer service request to an agent interface,
the customer relationship management system including authentication logic configured to authenticate a source of the customer service request using at least two methods, the two methods including:
a) providing questions to the agent interface and ratifying responses to the questions and
b) providing digital identification data received from the source of the customer service request to the gatekeeper and receiving an automated ratification of the digital identification data from the gatekeeper,
the customer relationship management system being further configured to provide secure customer data to the agent interface or grant permission to use the secure customer data, only after the authentication of the source of the customer service request. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to support a plurality of customer relationship management systems. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is remote from the customer relationship management system and configured to communicate with the customer relationship management system via a computer network. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to provide access to the secure customer data using network access control. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to provide access to the secure customer data by providing an access key to the customer relationship management system. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the access key is a temporary access key usable only during a limited period of time. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes fingerprint data. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a personal identification number. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes image data. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a network address. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a mobile equipment identifier. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to request automatic authentication of the source from the gatekeeper prior to providing the questions to the agent interface. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to request the digital identification data from the source of the customer service request in response to a request received from the agent interface. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to automatically re-authenticate the source of the customer service request in response to the customer service request being forwarded. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to authenticate the source of the customer service request by receiving a session identifier and providing the session identifier to the gatekeeper. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the customer relationship management system is further configured to provide less secure customer data to the agent interface prior to authentication of the source of the customer service request using the gatekeeper. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein gatekeeper is configured to ratify the digital identification data using an access control of the access device, the access control being configured for logging into the device. 18. An access device comprising:
a display; a user input; an input/output configured to initiate communication to a customer relationship management system; an authentication agent configured to receive an authentication request from a customer relationship management system and to automatically provide digital identification data to a gatekeeper in response to the authentication request, wherein the authentication request includes an identifier of the customer relationship management system; an access control configured to limit access via the display to the authentication agent; and a processor configured to execute at least the authentication agent. 19. The device of claim 18, wherein the gatekeeper includes an access control on the access device, the access control being configured for logging into the access device. 20. The device of claim 18, wherein the digital identification data is provided to the gatekeeper via the customer relationship management system. 21. The device of claim 18, wherein the authentication agent is configured to encrypt the digital identification data. 22. A method of managing a customer service request, the method comprising:
receiving the customer service request from a remote access device; automatically sending an authentication request to the access device; receiving digital identification data from the access device in response to the authentication request; providing the digital identification data to a gatekeeper; receiving from the gatekeeper a ratification of the digital identification data; providing permission to discuss or access secure customer data, the permission being provided to an agent interface in response to receiving the ratification, the agent interface being configured for audio communication between a customer support agent and the access device. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the digital identification data and the audio communication are both communicated over the same communication channel. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the secure customer data is provided to the agent interface only after the ratification of the digital identification data is received. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the secure customer data is provided to the agent interference using a security key received from the gatekeeper. 26. The method of claim 22, wherein the digital identification data includes multi-factor identification data. 27. The method of claim 22, further comprising storing a session identifier, forwarding the customer service request to a customer relationship management system, and using the session identifier to automatically ratify the access device to the customer relationship management system using the session identifier. 28. The method of claim 22, further comprising providing less secure customer data to the agent interface prior to receiving the ratification of the digital identification data, the less secure customer data being less secure than the secure customer data. 29. A method of managing a customer service request, the method comprising:
receiving the customer service request from a remote access device; sending an authentication request to the access device; receiving a ratification of digital identification data, the ratification being generated by comparison of a PIN, password or fingerprint data received from an access control of the access device to previously stored authentication data, the access control being configured for logging into the access device; providing permission to discuss or access secure customer data, the permission being provided to an agent interface in response to receiving the ratification, the agent interface being configured for audio communication between a customer support agent and the access device. | A system for automatic authentication of service requests includes authentication of a remote access device. This authentication may be accomplished automatically prior to text or audio communication between a customer and a service agent. In some embodiments, authentication is accomplished automatically by authentication of the remote access device or accomplished by asking the customer questions. A single authentication of the remote access device may be used to authenticate a service request transferred between service agents. The authentication of the remote device may include, for example, use of a personal identification number, a fingerprint, a photograph, and/or a hardware identifier.1. A customer communication system comprising:
a gatekeeper configured to receive digital identification data and to ratify the digital identification data by comparing the digital identification data to previously stored customer authentication data; and a customer relationship management system configured to receive a customer service request from an access device and to connect the customer service request to an agent interface,
the customer relationship management system including authentication logic configured to authenticate a source of the customer service request using at least two methods, the two methods including:
a) providing questions to the agent interface and ratifying responses to the questions and
b) providing digital identification data received from the source of the customer service request to the gatekeeper and receiving an automated ratification of the digital identification data from the gatekeeper,
the customer relationship management system being further configured to provide secure customer data to the agent interface or grant permission to use the secure customer data, only after the authentication of the source of the customer service request. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to support a plurality of customer relationship management systems. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is remote from the customer relationship management system and configured to communicate with the customer relationship management system via a computer network. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to provide access to the secure customer data using network access control. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the gatekeeper is configured to provide access to the secure customer data by providing an access key to the customer relationship management system. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the access key is a temporary access key usable only during a limited period of time. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes fingerprint data. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a personal identification number. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes image data. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a network address. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital identification data includes a mobile equipment identifier. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to request automatic authentication of the source from the gatekeeper prior to providing the questions to the agent interface. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to request the digital identification data from the source of the customer service request in response to a request received from the agent interface. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to automatically re-authenticate the source of the customer service request in response to the customer service request being forwarded. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the authentication logic is further configured to authenticate the source of the customer service request by receiving a session identifier and providing the session identifier to the gatekeeper. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the customer relationship management system is further configured to provide less secure customer data to the agent interface prior to authentication of the source of the customer service request using the gatekeeper. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein gatekeeper is configured to ratify the digital identification data using an access control of the access device, the access control being configured for logging into the device. 18. An access device comprising:
a display; a user input; an input/output configured to initiate communication to a customer relationship management system; an authentication agent configured to receive an authentication request from a customer relationship management system and to automatically provide digital identification data to a gatekeeper in response to the authentication request, wherein the authentication request includes an identifier of the customer relationship management system; an access control configured to limit access via the display to the authentication agent; and a processor configured to execute at least the authentication agent. 19. The device of claim 18, wherein the gatekeeper includes an access control on the access device, the access control being configured for logging into the access device. 20. The device of claim 18, wherein the digital identification data is provided to the gatekeeper via the customer relationship management system. 21. The device of claim 18, wherein the authentication agent is configured to encrypt the digital identification data. 22. A method of managing a customer service request, the method comprising:
receiving the customer service request from a remote access device; automatically sending an authentication request to the access device; receiving digital identification data from the access device in response to the authentication request; providing the digital identification data to a gatekeeper; receiving from the gatekeeper a ratification of the digital identification data; providing permission to discuss or access secure customer data, the permission being provided to an agent interface in response to receiving the ratification, the agent interface being configured for audio communication between a customer support agent and the access device. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the digital identification data and the audio communication are both communicated over the same communication channel. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the secure customer data is provided to the agent interface only after the ratification of the digital identification data is received. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the secure customer data is provided to the agent interference using a security key received from the gatekeeper. 26. The method of claim 22, wherein the digital identification data includes multi-factor identification data. 27. The method of claim 22, further comprising storing a session identifier, forwarding the customer service request to a customer relationship management system, and using the session identifier to automatically ratify the access device to the customer relationship management system using the session identifier. 28. The method of claim 22, further comprising providing less secure customer data to the agent interface prior to receiving the ratification of the digital identification data, the less secure customer data being less secure than the secure customer data. 29. A method of managing a customer service request, the method comprising:
receiving the customer service request from a remote access device; sending an authentication request to the access device; receiving a ratification of digital identification data, the ratification being generated by comparison of a PIN, password or fingerprint data received from an access control of the access device to previously stored authentication data, the access control being configured for logging into the access device; providing permission to discuss or access secure customer data, the permission being provided to an agent interface in response to receiving the ratification, the agent interface being configured for audio communication between a customer support agent and the access device. | 2,400 |
8,441 | 8,441 | 14,005,286 | 2,483 | The invention relates to a method for determining at least one parameter of two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) of a test person ( 31 ), the method comprising the following steps:
optically capturing of a first eye ( 10 l ; 10 r ) of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) by means of a first capturing unit ( 3 l ; 3 r ); optically capturing the second eye ( 10 r; 10 l ) of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) by means of a second capturing unit ( 3 r; 3 ); transmitting first signals concerning the captured first eye ( 10 l ; 10 r ) from the first capturing unit ( 3 l ; 3 r ) to an analysis unit ( 27 ) and transmitting second signals concerning the captured second eye ( 10 r; 10 l ) from the second capturing unit ( 3 r; 3 l ) to the analysis unit ( 27 ); determining the at least one parameter of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals in the analysis unit ( 27 ), characterized by the following step: setting a first data rate for the first signals and a second data rate for the second signals, wherein the first and the second data rate differ from each other, and wherein the transmitting of the first signals is effected at a first data rate and the transmitting of the second signals is effected at a second data rate. | 1. A method for determining at least one parameter of two eyes of a test person, the method comprising:
optically capturing of a first eye of the two eyes by means of a first capturing unit; optically capturing the second eye of the two eyes by means of a second capturing unit; transmitting first signals concerning the captured first eye from the first capturing unit to an analysis unit and transmitting second signals concerning the captured second eye from the second capturing unit to the analysis unit; determining the at least one parameter of the two eyes on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals in the analysis unit, characterized by the following step: setting a first data rate for the first signals and a second data rate for the second signals, wherein the first and the second data rate differ from each other, and wherein the transmitting of the first signals is effected at a first data rate and the transmitting of the second signals is effected at a second data rate. 2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: providing data concerning the respective captured eye in the first and/or the second capturing unit in dependency on the set first or second data rate; generating the first and/or second signals on the basis of the provided data. 3. The method according to claim 2,
characterized in that in the step of providing the data a data compression in dependency of the set first or second data rate is performed. 4. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: setting a temporal capture resolution and/or a spatial capture resolution and/or a capturable image section, in particular a dynamic area of interest, which follows the eye and can be adjusted with regard to its size and scan rate, of the first and/or the second capturing unit for the optical capturing of the respective eye in dependency on the set first or second data rate. 5. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: optically capturing a field of view, which at least partly corresponds to a field of view capturable by the eyes of the test person by means of a third capturing unit; transmitting third signals concerning the captured field of view from the third capturing unit to the analysis unit; determining a correlation between the captured field of view and the at least one determined parameter on the basis of the first and third and/or second and third signals in the analysis unit. 6. The method according to claim 5,
characterized by the following: determining a third data rate for the third signals, wherein the transmitting of the third signals is effected at the third data rate, wherein the third data rate in particular is different from the first and/or second data rate. 7. The method according to claim 5,
characterized in that the first data rate is set to be larger than the second data rate, and on the basis of the first and second signals a direction of view and/or a visual focus of the test person is determined. 8. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that on the basis of the first and the second signals and/or the first and the third signals and/or the second and the third signals in the analysis unit a parallax correction is performed. 9. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the transmitting of the first and/or second and/or third signals is effected via a common data line. 10. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the at least one captured parameter concerns an orientation and/or a position and/or an eyelid closure and/or a pupil diameter and/or a sclera characteristic and/or an iris characteristic and/or a characteristic of a blood vessel and/or a cornea characteristic of the at least one eye. 11. An optical measuring device for determining at least one parameter of two eyes of a test person, the optical measuring device comprising:
a first capturing unit configured to optically capture a first eye of the two eyes; a second capturing unit configured to optically capture the second eye of the two eyes; an analysis unit configured to receive first signals concerning the captured first eye and transmitted by the first capturing unit and second signals concerning the captured second eye and transmitted by the second capturing unit, and on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals to determine the at least one parameter of the two eyes, characterized by an assigning unit configured to set a first data rate for the first signals and a different second data rate for the second signals, so that the transmission of the first signals to the analysis unit is effected at the first data rate and the transmission of the second signals to the analysis unit is effected at the second data rate. 12. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized by a third capturing unit configured to capture a field of view which at least partly corresponds to a field of view which is capturable by the eyes of the test person, and configured to transmit third signals concerning the captured field of view at a third data rate to the analysis unit, wherein the assigning unit is configured to set the third data rate. 13. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized in that the assigning unit is configured to set the ratio of the first to the second data rate and/or the ratio of the first to the third data rate and/or the ratio of the second to the third data rate to be such that it assumes a value in the range of 1/5000 to 5000/1. 14. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized in that the assigning unit is configured to set the first and/or the second and/or the third data rate in dependency on each other and/or in dependency on pre-determinable parameters, in particular a data transmission volume on a data line, and/or in dependency on a pre-determinable measurement purpose of the optical measuring device. 15. The optical measuring device (1) according to claim 11,
characterized by at least one common data line configured to transmit the first and second and/or the first and third and/or the second and third signals. | The invention relates to a method for determining at least one parameter of two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) of a test person ( 31 ), the method comprising the following steps:
optically capturing of a first eye ( 10 l ; 10 r ) of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) by means of a first capturing unit ( 3 l ; 3 r ); optically capturing the second eye ( 10 r; 10 l ) of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) by means of a second capturing unit ( 3 r; 3 ); transmitting first signals concerning the captured first eye ( 10 l ; 10 r ) from the first capturing unit ( 3 l ; 3 r ) to an analysis unit ( 27 ) and transmitting second signals concerning the captured second eye ( 10 r; 10 l ) from the second capturing unit ( 3 r; 3 l ) to the analysis unit ( 27 ); determining the at least one parameter of the two eyes ( 10 l , 10 r ) on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals in the analysis unit ( 27 ), characterized by the following step: setting a first data rate for the first signals and a second data rate for the second signals, wherein the first and the second data rate differ from each other, and wherein the transmitting of the first signals is effected at a first data rate and the transmitting of the second signals is effected at a second data rate.1. A method for determining at least one parameter of two eyes of a test person, the method comprising:
optically capturing of a first eye of the two eyes by means of a first capturing unit; optically capturing the second eye of the two eyes by means of a second capturing unit; transmitting first signals concerning the captured first eye from the first capturing unit to an analysis unit and transmitting second signals concerning the captured second eye from the second capturing unit to the analysis unit; determining the at least one parameter of the two eyes on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals in the analysis unit, characterized by the following step: setting a first data rate for the first signals and a second data rate for the second signals, wherein the first and the second data rate differ from each other, and wherein the transmitting of the first signals is effected at a first data rate and the transmitting of the second signals is effected at a second data rate. 2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: providing data concerning the respective captured eye in the first and/or the second capturing unit in dependency on the set first or second data rate; generating the first and/or second signals on the basis of the provided data. 3. The method according to claim 2,
characterized in that in the step of providing the data a data compression in dependency of the set first or second data rate is performed. 4. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: setting a temporal capture resolution and/or a spatial capture resolution and/or a capturable image section, in particular a dynamic area of interest, which follows the eye and can be adjusted with regard to its size and scan rate, of the first and/or the second capturing unit for the optical capturing of the respective eye in dependency on the set first or second data rate. 5. The method according to claim 1,
characterized by the following: optically capturing a field of view, which at least partly corresponds to a field of view capturable by the eyes of the test person by means of a third capturing unit; transmitting third signals concerning the captured field of view from the third capturing unit to the analysis unit; determining a correlation between the captured field of view and the at least one determined parameter on the basis of the first and third and/or second and third signals in the analysis unit. 6. The method according to claim 5,
characterized by the following: determining a third data rate for the third signals, wherein the transmitting of the third signals is effected at the third data rate, wherein the third data rate in particular is different from the first and/or second data rate. 7. The method according to claim 5,
characterized in that the first data rate is set to be larger than the second data rate, and on the basis of the first and second signals a direction of view and/or a visual focus of the test person is determined. 8. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that on the basis of the first and the second signals and/or the first and the third signals and/or the second and the third signals in the analysis unit a parallax correction is performed. 9. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the transmitting of the first and/or second and/or third signals is effected via a common data line. 10. The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the at least one captured parameter concerns an orientation and/or a position and/or an eyelid closure and/or a pupil diameter and/or a sclera characteristic and/or an iris characteristic and/or a characteristic of a blood vessel and/or a cornea characteristic of the at least one eye. 11. An optical measuring device for determining at least one parameter of two eyes of a test person, the optical measuring device comprising:
a first capturing unit configured to optically capture a first eye of the two eyes; a second capturing unit configured to optically capture the second eye of the two eyes; an analysis unit configured to receive first signals concerning the captured first eye and transmitted by the first capturing unit and second signals concerning the captured second eye and transmitted by the second capturing unit, and on the basis of the transmitted first and second signals to determine the at least one parameter of the two eyes, characterized by an assigning unit configured to set a first data rate for the first signals and a different second data rate for the second signals, so that the transmission of the first signals to the analysis unit is effected at the first data rate and the transmission of the second signals to the analysis unit is effected at the second data rate. 12. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized by a third capturing unit configured to capture a field of view which at least partly corresponds to a field of view which is capturable by the eyes of the test person, and configured to transmit third signals concerning the captured field of view at a third data rate to the analysis unit, wherein the assigning unit is configured to set the third data rate. 13. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized in that the assigning unit is configured to set the ratio of the first to the second data rate and/or the ratio of the first to the third data rate and/or the ratio of the second to the third data rate to be such that it assumes a value in the range of 1/5000 to 5000/1. 14. The optical measuring device according to claim 11,
characterized in that the assigning unit is configured to set the first and/or the second and/or the third data rate in dependency on each other and/or in dependency on pre-determinable parameters, in particular a data transmission volume on a data line, and/or in dependency on a pre-determinable measurement purpose of the optical measuring device. 15. The optical measuring device (1) according to claim 11,
characterized by at least one common data line configured to transmit the first and second and/or the first and third and/or the second and third signals. | 2,400 |
8,442 | 8,442 | 15,450,266 | 2,447 | Techniques for session-based device configuration are described. According to one or more implementations, various settings of a wireless device are configured to optimize device performance while participating in a communication session via a wireless network. The settings, for instance, are configured dynamically and on a per-session basis. | 1. A computing device comprising:
at least one processor; and one or more computer-readable storage media including instructions stored thereon that, responsive to execution by the at least one processor, cause the computing device perform operations including:
receiving at the computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the configuration event being received out-of-band from packets of the communication session between the computing device and the user device and the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the computing device is connected;
processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; and
configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters. 2. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said processing comprises processing the session configuration API to identify the parameters. 3. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameters include a wireless behavior for the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises configuring a wireless device of the computing device to perform according to the wireless behavior. 4. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameters include a quality of service marking to be applied to data packets of the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises applying the quality of service marking to data packets of the communication session that are transmitted by the computing device. 5. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving a reconfiguration event that includes a reconfiguration API configured with a change to the parameters for the communication session; extracting the change to the parameters for the communication session from the reconfiguration API; and reconfiguring the computing device based on the change to the parameters extracted from the reconfiguration API. 6. The computing device as recited in claim 5, wherein the reconfiguration API includes an identification of a different network with a higher signal quality than the wireless enterprise network, and wherein said reconfiguring the computing device includes connecting to the different network during the communication session. 7. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving multiple reconfiguration events configured with changes to the parameters of the communication session during the communication session; and reconfiguring attributes of the computing device based on the changes to the parameters of the communication session during the communication session. 8. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said configuring the computing device occurs each time the computing device participates in another communication session with another device. 9. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said receiving further comprises receiving a list of wireless access points (WAP) from the network controller, and the operations further include selecting a WAP from the list for the computing device to connect for the communication session. 10. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving a notification event from the network controller indicating that a communication session is in progress and that wireless functionality of the computing device is not to be reduced; and responsive to receiving the notification event, overriding a default setting of the computing device that reduces power for wireless data transmission for the computing device when operating on battery power. 11. The computing device as recited in claim 10, the operations further including:
receiving an additional notification event from the network controller indicating that the communication session has terminated; and responsive to receiving the additional notification event, resuming the default setting of the computing device that reduces power for wireless data transmission for the computing device when operating on battery power. 12. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving at a client computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the client computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the configuration event being received out-of-band from packets of the communication session between the client computing device and the user device and the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the client computing device is connected; processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; and configuring the client computing device for the communication session based on the parameters. 13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the parameters include a wireless behavior for the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises configuring a wireless device of the client computing device to perform according to the wireless behavior. 14. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the parameters include a quality of service marking to be applied to data packets of the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises applying the quality of service marking to data packets of the communication session that are transmitted by the client computing device. 15. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising:
receiving a notification event from the network controller indicating that a communication session is in progress and that a custom rate adaptation algorithm is to be implemented by the client computing device; and responsive to receiving the notification event, overriding a default rate adaptation algorithm of the computing device to implement the custom rate adaptation algorithm. 16. The method as recited in claim 15, further comprising:
receiving an additional notification event from the network controller indicating that the communication session has terminated; and responsive to receiving the additional notification event, resuming the default rate adaptation algorithm. 17. A method comprising:
receiving at a computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the computing device is connected; processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters; receiving a reconfiguration event that includes a reconfiguration API configured with a change to the parameters for the communication session; extracting the change to the parameters for the communication session from the reconfiguration API; and reconfiguring the computing device based on the change to the parameters extracted from the reconfiguration API. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the reconfiguration API includes an identification of a different network with a higher signal quality than the wireless enterprise network, and wherein said reconfiguring the computing device includes connecting to the different network during the communication session. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
experiencing signal quality degradation with a wireless access point (WAP) that the computing device is connected to for the communication session; and receiving a notification event from the network controller identifying a candidate WAP that the computing device can access to increase signal quality. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters includes propagating information from the session configuration API to components of the computing device to enable the computing device to operate according to network policies of the wireless enterprise network while engaging in the communication session. | Techniques for session-based device configuration are described. According to one or more implementations, various settings of a wireless device are configured to optimize device performance while participating in a communication session via a wireless network. The settings, for instance, are configured dynamically and on a per-session basis.1. A computing device comprising:
at least one processor; and one or more computer-readable storage media including instructions stored thereon that, responsive to execution by the at least one processor, cause the computing device perform operations including:
receiving at the computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the configuration event being received out-of-band from packets of the communication session between the computing device and the user device and the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the computing device is connected;
processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; and
configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters. 2. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said processing comprises processing the session configuration API to identify the parameters. 3. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameters include a wireless behavior for the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises configuring a wireless device of the computing device to perform according to the wireless behavior. 4. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameters include a quality of service marking to be applied to data packets of the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises applying the quality of service marking to data packets of the communication session that are transmitted by the computing device. 5. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving a reconfiguration event that includes a reconfiguration API configured with a change to the parameters for the communication session; extracting the change to the parameters for the communication session from the reconfiguration API; and reconfiguring the computing device based on the change to the parameters extracted from the reconfiguration API. 6. The computing device as recited in claim 5, wherein the reconfiguration API includes an identification of a different network with a higher signal quality than the wireless enterprise network, and wherein said reconfiguring the computing device includes connecting to the different network during the communication session. 7. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving multiple reconfiguration events configured with changes to the parameters of the communication session during the communication session; and reconfiguring attributes of the computing device based on the changes to the parameters of the communication session during the communication session. 8. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said configuring the computing device occurs each time the computing device participates in another communication session with another device. 9. The computing device as recited in claim 1, wherein said receiving further comprises receiving a list of wireless access points (WAP) from the network controller, and the operations further include selecting a WAP from the list for the computing device to connect for the communication session. 10. The computing device as recited in claim 1, the operations further including:
receiving a notification event from the network controller indicating that a communication session is in progress and that wireless functionality of the computing device is not to be reduced; and responsive to receiving the notification event, overriding a default setting of the computing device that reduces power for wireless data transmission for the computing device when operating on battery power. 11. The computing device as recited in claim 10, the operations further including:
receiving an additional notification event from the network controller indicating that the communication session has terminated; and responsive to receiving the additional notification event, resuming the default setting of the computing device that reduces power for wireless data transmission for the computing device when operating on battery power. 12. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving at a client computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the client computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the configuration event being received out-of-band from packets of the communication session between the client computing device and the user device and the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the client computing device is connected; processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; and configuring the client computing device for the communication session based on the parameters. 13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the parameters include a wireless behavior for the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises configuring a wireless device of the client computing device to perform according to the wireless behavior. 14. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the parameters include a quality of service marking to be applied to data packets of the communication session, and wherein said configuring comprises applying the quality of service marking to data packets of the communication session that are transmitted by the client computing device. 15. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising:
receiving a notification event from the network controller indicating that a communication session is in progress and that a custom rate adaptation algorithm is to be implemented by the client computing device; and responsive to receiving the notification event, overriding a default rate adaptation algorithm of the computing device to implement the custom rate adaptation algorithm. 16. The method as recited in claim 15, further comprising:
receiving an additional notification event from the network controller indicating that the communication session has terminated; and responsive to receiving the additional notification event, resuming the default rate adaptation algorithm. 17. A method comprising:
receiving at a computing device, from a network controller of a wireless enterprise network, a configuration event for a communication session between the computing device and a user device via a communication service, the configuration event further including a session configuration application programming interface (API) configured with parameters for the communication session, the parameters being specific to both the communication session and the wireless enterprise network to which the computing device is connected; processing the configuration event to identify the parameters for the communication session; configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters; receiving a reconfiguration event that includes a reconfiguration API configured with a change to the parameters for the communication session; extracting the change to the parameters for the communication session from the reconfiguration API; and reconfiguring the computing device based on the change to the parameters extracted from the reconfiguration API. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the reconfiguration API includes an identification of a different network with a higher signal quality than the wireless enterprise network, and wherein said reconfiguring the computing device includes connecting to the different network during the communication session. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
experiencing signal quality degradation with a wireless access point (WAP) that the computing device is connected to for the communication session; and receiving a notification event from the network controller identifying a candidate WAP that the computing device can access to increase signal quality. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the configuring the computing device for the communication session based on the parameters includes propagating information from the session configuration API to components of the computing device to enable the computing device to operate according to network policies of the wireless enterprise network while engaging in the communication session. | 2,400 |
8,443 | 8,443 | 16,069,074 | 2,462 | A method and network entity for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network. The method includes obtaining at a first network node, information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between the first network node and the at least one second network node, and selecting a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network. | 1. A method for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network, the method comprising:
obtaining, at a first network node, information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between the first network node and the at least one second network node; and selecting a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising implementing the communication algorithm. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication algorithm is a measurement algorithm. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained via signaling between the first network node and the at least one second network node. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising handshaking with the at least one second network node regarding the selection of the communication algorithm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository located at a third network node. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository provided in a memory at the first network node. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a first category for the first network node; determining a second category for the at least one second network node based on the obtained information; creating a pairing entry in the container repository, the pairing entry including a pairing of the first category for the first network node with the second category for the at least one second network node; and identifying the communication algorithm based at least on the pairing entry. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the interaction type is a differentiated link establishment between the first network node and at least one of the at least one second network node. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the interaction type is providing link quality information. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the category is a type of the at least one second network node. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the category is a user identity of the at least one second network node. 13. A network entity configured for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network, the network entity comprising:
processing circuitry comprising:
a memory; and
a processor, the memory in communication with the processor, the memory having instructions that, when executed by the processor, configure the processor to:
execute a special handler configured to obtain information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between a first network node and the at least one second network node; and
select a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network. 14. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to implement the communication algorithm. 15. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the communication algorithm is a measurement algorithm. 16. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained via signaling between the network entity and the at least one second network node. 17. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to handshake with the at least one second network node regarding the selection of the communication algorithm. 18. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository located at a third network node. 19. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository provided in the memory. 20. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to:
determine a first category for the first network node; determine a second category for the at least one second network node based on the obtained information; create a pairing entry in the container repository, the pairing entry including a pairing of the first category for the first network node with the second category for the at least one second network node; and identify the communication algorithm based at least on the pairing entry. 21. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the interaction type is a differentiated link establishment between the network entity and at least one of the at least one second network node. 22. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the interaction type is providing link quality information. 23. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the category is a type of the at least one second network node. 24. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the category is a user identity of the at least one second network node. | A method and network entity for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network. The method includes obtaining at a first network node, information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between the first network node and the at least one second network node, and selecting a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network.1. A method for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network, the method comprising:
obtaining, at a first network node, information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between the first network node and the at least one second network node; and selecting a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising implementing the communication algorithm. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication algorithm is a measurement algorithm. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained via signaling between the first network node and the at least one second network node. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising handshaking with the at least one second network node regarding the selection of the communication algorithm. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository located at a third network node. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository provided in a memory at the first network node. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a first category for the first network node; determining a second category for the at least one second network node based on the obtained information; creating a pairing entry in the container repository, the pairing entry including a pairing of the first category for the first network node with the second category for the at least one second network node; and identifying the communication algorithm based at least on the pairing entry. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the interaction type is a differentiated link establishment between the first network node and at least one of the at least one second network node. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the interaction type is providing link quality information. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the category is a type of the at least one second network node. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the category is a user identity of the at least one second network node. 13. A network entity configured for differentiated handling of at least one interaction of network nodes within a communication network, the network entity comprising:
processing circuitry comprising:
a memory; and
a processor, the memory in communication with the processor, the memory having instructions that, when executed by the processor, configure the processor to:
execute a special handler configured to obtain information about a category of at least one second network node related to an interaction type, a communication channel having been established between a first network node and the at least one second network node; and
select a communication algorithm based on the obtained information to provide the differentiated handling of the at least one interaction of network nodes within the communication network. 14. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to implement the communication algorithm. 15. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the communication algorithm is a measurement algorithm. 16. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained via signaling between the network entity and the at least one second network node. 17. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to handshake with the at least one second network node regarding the selection of the communication algorithm. 18. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository located at a third network node. 19. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the information about the category of the at least one second network node is obtained from a container repository provided in the memory. 20. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the memory further stores instructions that, when executed, configure the processor to:
determine a first category for the first network node; determine a second category for the at least one second network node based on the obtained information; create a pairing entry in the container repository, the pairing entry including a pairing of the first category for the first network node with the second category for the at least one second network node; and identify the communication algorithm based at least on the pairing entry. 21. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the interaction type is a differentiated link establishment between the network entity and at least one of the at least one second network node. 22. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the interaction type is providing link quality information. 23. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the category is a type of the at least one second network node. 24. The network entity of claim 13, wherein the category is a user identity of the at least one second network node. | 2,400 |
8,444 | 8,444 | 15,464,522 | 2,477 | Some examples relate to managing multicast scaling. In an example, a network device may receive a message to join an IP multicast group. The network device may determine whether a hardware filter is available on the network device to process the received message. In response to the determination that the hardware filter is not available on the network device to process the received message, current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message may be changed to an error state on the network device, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device. | 1. A method of managing multicast scaling, comprising:
receiving, on a network device, a message to join an IP multicast group; determining, by the network device, whether hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted; and in response to the determination that the hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted, changing current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are not processed by the network device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising flooding the further messages to all ports on the network device during the error state. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the IP multicast protocol includes one of Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising deleting filtered IP multicast group entries on the network device. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the filtered IP multicast group entries relate to one of (*, G) and (S, G) IP multicast groups. 6. A network device for managing multicast scaling, comprising:
a receipt module to receive a message to join an IP multicast group; a determination module to determine whether a hardware filter is available on the network device to process the received message; and a state module to change current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, in response to the determination that the hardware filter is not available on the network device to process the received message, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device. 7. The network device of claim 6, wherein the message includes an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) join message. 8. The network device of claim 6, wherein the message includes a Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol join message. 9. The network device of claim 6, further comprising an interface to receive a command to exit the network device from the error state. 10. The network device of claim 6, wherein in the error state IP multicast messages received by the network device are flooded to all ports on the network device. 11. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions to manage multicast scaling, the instructions executable by a processor of a network device to:
receive a message to join an IP multicast group; determine whether hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted; and modify current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, in response to the determination that the hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device. 12. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to process the message to join the IP multicast group prior to the error state. 13. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to delete filtered IP multicast group entries on the network device. 14. The storage medium of claim 13, further comprising instructions to define default filter as flood filter in the network device prior to deletion of the filtered IP multicast group entries. 15. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to disable one of Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol configuration on the network device to exit the network device from the error state. | Some examples relate to managing multicast scaling. In an example, a network device may receive a message to join an IP multicast group. The network device may determine whether a hardware filter is available on the network device to process the received message. In response to the determination that the hardware filter is not available on the network device to process the received message, current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message may be changed to an error state on the network device, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device.1. A method of managing multicast scaling, comprising:
receiving, on a network device, a message to join an IP multicast group; determining, by the network device, whether hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted; and in response to the determination that the hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted, changing current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are not processed by the network device. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising flooding the further messages to all ports on the network device during the error state. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the IP multicast protocol includes one of Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising deleting filtered IP multicast group entries on the network device. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the filtered IP multicast group entries relate to one of (*, G) and (S, G) IP multicast groups. 6. A network device for managing multicast scaling, comprising:
a receipt module to receive a message to join an IP multicast group; a determination module to determine whether a hardware filter is available on the network device to process the received message; and a state module to change current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, in response to the determination that the hardware filter is not available on the network device to process the received message, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device. 7. The network device of claim 6, wherein the message includes an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) join message. 8. The network device of claim 6, wherein the message includes a Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol join message. 9. The network device of claim 6, further comprising an interface to receive a command to exit the network device from the error state. 10. The network device of claim 6, wherein in the error state IP multicast messages received by the network device are flooded to all ports on the network device. 11. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions to manage multicast scaling, the instructions executable by a processor of a network device to:
receive a message to join an IP multicast group; determine whether hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted; and modify current state of an IP multicast protocol associated with the message to an error state on the network device, in response to the determination that the hardware filters defined for processing IP multicast messages on the network device are exhausted, wherein in the error state further messages to join an IP multicast group that are received by the network device are discarded by the network device. 12. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to process the message to join the IP multicast group prior to the error state. 13. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to delete filtered IP multicast group entries on the network device. 14. The storage medium of claim 13, further comprising instructions to define default filter as flood filter in the network device prior to deletion of the filtered IP multicast group entries. 15. The storage medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions to disable one of Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol configuration on the network device to exit the network device from the error state. | 2,400 |
8,445 | 8,445 | 14,902,761 | 2,487 | The present disclosure relates to an image decoding device capable of recognizing performance necessary for decoding more accurately and a method. Coded data of image data and decoding load definition information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of a partial region of an image of the image data are acquired; decoding of the acquired coded data is controlled based on the acquired decoding load definition information; and the acquired coded data is decoded according to the controlling. The present disclosure can be applied to an information processing device such as an image coding device that scalably codes image data or an image decoding device that decodes encoded data obtained by scalably coding image data. | 1. An image decoding device comprising:
a control unit configured to control decoding of coded data in which the image is coded based on information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of an image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region; and a decoding unit configured to decode the coded data under control of the control unit. 2. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is independently decodable. 3. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 4. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a size of the partial region. 5. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a length in a vertical direction and information indicating a length in a horizontal direction of the partial region. 6. The image decoding device according to claim 1, further comprising
an acquisition unit configured to acquire information indicating a size of the partial region and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region as decoding load definition information indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region, wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using the decoding load definition information acquired by the acquisition unit. 7. The image decoding device according to claim 6,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information as auxiliary information of the coded data. 8. The image decoding device according to claim 7,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information as supplemental enhancement information (SEI) of an independently decodable partial region. 9. The image decoding device according to claim 8,
wherein the image data includes a plurality of layers, and wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information of the plurality of layers as the SEI. 10. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is a tile. 11. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is a set of a plurality of tiles. 12. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a maximum magnitude of a load of a decoding process among a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 13. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load common in a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 14. The image decoding device according to claim 13,
wherein, when a plurality of the partial regions included in the picture have an L shape, a the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of the load for a rectangular region including the L shape. 15. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information indicating whether the decoding load definition information is set. 16. An image decoding method comprising:
based on information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of an image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region, controlling decoding of coded data in which the image is coded; and decoding the coded data according to the control. 17. An image coding device comprising:
a coding unit configured to code an image; and a setting unit configured to set information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of the image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. 18. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is independently decodable. 19. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 20. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a size of the partial region. 21. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a length in a vertical direction and information indicating a length in a horizontal direction of the partial region. 22. The image coding device according to claim 17, further comprising
a transmission unit configured to transmit information indicating a size of the partial region and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region as decoding load definition information indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. 23. The image coding device according to claim 22,
wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information as auxiliary information of coded data in which the image obtained by the coding unit is coded. 24. The image coding device according to claim 23,
wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information as supplemental enhancement information (SEI) of an independently decodable partial region. 25. The image coding device according to claim 24,
wherein the image data includes a plurality of layers, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information of the plurality of layers as the SEI. 26. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is a tile. 27. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is a set of a plurality of tiles. 28. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a maximum magnitude of a load of a decoding process among a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 29. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load common in a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 30. The image coding device according to claim 29,
wherein, when a plurality of the partial regions included in the picture have an L shape, the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of the load for a rectangular region including the L shape. 31. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information indicating whether the decoding load definition information is set. 32. An image coding method comprising:
coding an image; and setting information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of the image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. | The present disclosure relates to an image decoding device capable of recognizing performance necessary for decoding more accurately and a method. Coded data of image data and decoding load definition information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of a partial region of an image of the image data are acquired; decoding of the acquired coded data is controlled based on the acquired decoding load definition information; and the acquired coded data is decoded according to the controlling. The present disclosure can be applied to an information processing device such as an image coding device that scalably codes image data or an image decoding device that decodes encoded data obtained by scalably coding image data.1. An image decoding device comprising:
a control unit configured to control decoding of coded data in which the image is coded based on information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of an image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region; and a decoding unit configured to decode the coded data under control of the control unit. 2. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is independently decodable. 3. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 4. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a size of the partial region. 5. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a length in a vertical direction and information indicating a length in a horizontal direction of the partial region. 6. The image decoding device according to claim 1, further comprising
an acquisition unit configured to acquire information indicating a size of the partial region and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region as decoding load definition information indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region, wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using the decoding load definition information acquired by the acquisition unit. 7. The image decoding device according to claim 6,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information as auxiliary information of the coded data. 8. The image decoding device according to claim 7,
wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information as supplemental enhancement information (SEI) of an independently decodable partial region. 9. The image decoding device according to claim 8,
wherein the image data includes a plurality of layers, and wherein the acquisition unit acquires the decoding load definition information of the plurality of layers as the SEI. 10. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is a tile. 11. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the partial region is a set of a plurality of tiles. 12. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a maximum magnitude of a load of a decoding process among a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 13. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of a load common in a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 14. The image decoding device according to claim 13,
wherein, when a plurality of the partial regions included in the picture have an L shape, a the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information for defining a magnitude of the load for a rectangular region including the L shape. 15. The image decoding device according to claim 1,
wherein the control unit controls decoding of the coded data using information indicating whether the decoding load definition information is set. 16. An image decoding method comprising:
based on information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of an image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region, controlling decoding of coded data in which the image is coded; and decoding the coded data according to the control. 17. An image coding device comprising:
a coding unit configured to code an image; and a setting unit configured to set information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of the image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. 18. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is independently decodable. 19. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 20. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a size of the partial region. 21. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region according to information indicating a length in a vertical direction and information indicating a length in a horizontal direction of the partial region. 22. The image coding device according to claim 17, further comprising
a transmission unit configured to transmit information indicating a size of the partial region and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region as decoding load definition information indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. 23. The image coding device according to claim 22,
wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information as auxiliary information of coded data in which the image obtained by the coding unit is coded. 24. The image coding device according to claim 23,
wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information as supplemental enhancement information (SEI) of an independently decodable partial region. 25. The image coding device according to claim 24,
wherein the image data includes a plurality of layers, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the decoding load definition information of the plurality of layers as the SEI. 26. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is a tile. 27. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the partial region is a set of a plurality of tiles. 28. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a maximum magnitude of a load of a decoding process among a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 29. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of a load common in a plurality of partial regions included in a picture of the image data according to a level indicating a magnitude of a load of the decoding process. 30. The image coding device according to claim 29,
wherein, when a plurality of the partial regions included in the picture have an L shape, the setting unit generates information for defining a magnitude of the load for a rectangular region including the L shape. 31. The image coding device according to claim 17,
wherein the setting unit generates information indicating whether the decoding load definition information is set. 32. An image coding method comprising:
coding an image; and setting information indicating a size of a partial region serving as a reference of the image and a level indicating a magnitude of a load of a decoding process of the partial region. | 2,400 |
8,446 | 8,446 | 14,830,613 | 2,487 | A method for imaging a sample using a microscope having an illumination unit, an imaging lens system and an image sensor, including: illuminating an area of the sample; imaging and magnifying the sample onto the image sensor and capturing the image using a predetermined number of pixels; providing a plurality of different comparison sample areas; for each comparison sample area, performing a reference measurement, wherein the comparison sample areas are illuminated, imaged and magnified onto the image sensor and captured with the predetermined number of image pixels as a reference image; determining a brightness-correction image with the predetermined number of image pixels by determining the value for each image pixel of the brightness-correction image from the values of allocated image pixels of the reference images, and correcting the image of the area of the sample captured based on the brightness-correction image and outputting it as a corrected image. | 1. A method for imaging a sample by using a microscope which has at least an illumination unit, an imaging lens system and an image sensor, the method comprising the following steps:
a) illuminating an area of the sample with illumination radiation of the illumination unit; b) imaging and magnifying the illuminated sample area onto the image sensor using the imaging lens system and capturing an image of the illuminated sample area with a predetermined number of image pixels; c) providing a plurality of different comparison sample areas of one or more comparison samples; d) performing a reference measurement on each comparison sample area provided in step c), wherein in each case the comparison sample area is illuminated with illumination radiation of the illumination unit and imaged, magnified, onto the image sensor by the imaging lens system and captured with the predetermined number of image pixels as a reference image; e) determining a brightness correction image with the predetermined number of image pixels by determining the value for each image pixel of the brightness correction image from the values of allocated image pixels of the reference images; and f) correcting an image of the area of the sample captured in steps a) and b) on the basis of the brightness correction image and outputting the image as a corrected image. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which an averaging of the values of the allocated image pixels of the reference images is performed in step e) for the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which in step e) the values of the allocated image pixels are filtered and only the values of the allocated image pixels which meet a predetermined filter criterion of the filtering are taken into account in the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which reference images which are over- or underexposed are separated out before step e) and not taken into account in step e). 5. The method according to claim 1, in which in step c) a comparison sample is the sample to be imaged. 6. The method according to claim 1, in which the image sensor has a linear detection range and only image pixels of the reference images the value of which lies in the linear detection range of the image sensor are taken into account in step e). 7. The method according to claim 1, in which the images captured in step b) are used continuously as reference images in step e). 8. The method according to claim 1, in which the samples are fluorescent samples. 9. The method according to claim 1, in which several image pixels of the respective reference image are allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image in step e). 10. The method according to claim 1, in which a first image pixel of the respective reference image as well as at least one second pixel of the respective reference image which borders the first pixel is allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image. 11. The method according to claim 10, in which in the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image of the at least one second pixel is weighted lower than the first pixel. 12. The method according to claim 1, in which in step e) precisely one image pixel of the respective reference image is allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image. 13. The method according to claim 1, in which at least 100 different areas are provided in step c). 14. The method according to claim 1, in which in step c) the sample to be imaged is provided as a comparison sample, the brightness correction image determined according to steps d) and e) is based on captures of this comparison sample and in step f) this brightness correction image is used to generate the corrected image of the sample. 15. A microscope comprising:
an illumination unit; an imaging lens system; an image sensor; and a control unit which is formed such that it performs the steps of the method according to claim 1. 16. The microscope according to claim 15, in which the microscope has an illumination beam path and an imaging beam path, wherein a color splitter, an excitation filter in the illumination beam path and/or an emission filter in the imaging beam path is/are arranged in order to enable fluorescence captures. | A method for imaging a sample using a microscope having an illumination unit, an imaging lens system and an image sensor, including: illuminating an area of the sample; imaging and magnifying the sample onto the image sensor and capturing the image using a predetermined number of pixels; providing a plurality of different comparison sample areas; for each comparison sample area, performing a reference measurement, wherein the comparison sample areas are illuminated, imaged and magnified onto the image sensor and captured with the predetermined number of image pixels as a reference image; determining a brightness-correction image with the predetermined number of image pixels by determining the value for each image pixel of the brightness-correction image from the values of allocated image pixels of the reference images, and correcting the image of the area of the sample captured based on the brightness-correction image and outputting it as a corrected image.1. A method for imaging a sample by using a microscope which has at least an illumination unit, an imaging lens system and an image sensor, the method comprising the following steps:
a) illuminating an area of the sample with illumination radiation of the illumination unit; b) imaging and magnifying the illuminated sample area onto the image sensor using the imaging lens system and capturing an image of the illuminated sample area with a predetermined number of image pixels; c) providing a plurality of different comparison sample areas of one or more comparison samples; d) performing a reference measurement on each comparison sample area provided in step c), wherein in each case the comparison sample area is illuminated with illumination radiation of the illumination unit and imaged, magnified, onto the image sensor by the imaging lens system and captured with the predetermined number of image pixels as a reference image; e) determining a brightness correction image with the predetermined number of image pixels by determining the value for each image pixel of the brightness correction image from the values of allocated image pixels of the reference images; and f) correcting an image of the area of the sample captured in steps a) and b) on the basis of the brightness correction image and outputting the image as a corrected image. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which an averaging of the values of the allocated image pixels of the reference images is performed in step e) for the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which in step e) the values of the allocated image pixels are filtered and only the values of the allocated image pixels which meet a predetermined filter criterion of the filtering are taken into account in the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which reference images which are over- or underexposed are separated out before step e) and not taken into account in step e). 5. The method according to claim 1, in which in step c) a comparison sample is the sample to be imaged. 6. The method according to claim 1, in which the image sensor has a linear detection range and only image pixels of the reference images the value of which lies in the linear detection range of the image sensor are taken into account in step e). 7. The method according to claim 1, in which the images captured in step b) are used continuously as reference images in step e). 8. The method according to claim 1, in which the samples are fluorescent samples. 9. The method according to claim 1, in which several image pixels of the respective reference image are allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image in step e). 10. The method according to claim 1, in which a first image pixel of the respective reference image as well as at least one second pixel of the respective reference image which borders the first pixel is allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image. 11. The method according to claim 10, in which in the determination of the image pixel values of the brightness correction image of the at least one second pixel is weighted lower than the first pixel. 12. The method according to claim 1, in which in step e) precisely one image pixel of the respective reference image is allocated to each image pixel of the brightness correction image. 13. The method according to claim 1, in which at least 100 different areas are provided in step c). 14. The method according to claim 1, in which in step c) the sample to be imaged is provided as a comparison sample, the brightness correction image determined according to steps d) and e) is based on captures of this comparison sample and in step f) this brightness correction image is used to generate the corrected image of the sample. 15. A microscope comprising:
an illumination unit; an imaging lens system; an image sensor; and a control unit which is formed such that it performs the steps of the method according to claim 1. 16. The microscope according to claim 15, in which the microscope has an illumination beam path and an imaging beam path, wherein a color splitter, an excitation filter in the illumination beam path and/or an emission filter in the imaging beam path is/are arranged in order to enable fluorescence captures. | 2,400 |
8,447 | 8,447 | 15,382,260 | 2,491 | In some examples, a vehicle head unit of a vehicle includes at least one processor; and at least one module operable to: responsive to authenticating a first user at a vehicle head unit of a vehicle, establish a session with a first user identifier, the first user identifier associated with the first user; responsive to authenticating a second user at the vehicle head unit, associate a second user identifier with the session, the second user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the first and second user identifiers are concurrently associated with the session; generate data while the first and second user identifiers are concurrently associated with the session; and store, based on the first user identifier and the second user identifier, the data to both a first user account associated with the first user identifier and a second user account associated with the second user identifier. | 1. A vehicle head unit of a vehicle, the vehicle head unit comprising:
at least one processor; and a storage device that stores at least one module operable by the at least one processor to:
authenticate a first user at the vehicle head unit;
responsive to authenticating the first user:
establish a session; and
associate the session with a user identifier associated with the first user;
authenticate a second user at the vehicle head unit;
responsive to authenticating the second user, associate the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session;
while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, store location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 2. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, output, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 3. The vehicle head unit of claim 2, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the second user, one or more points of interests for the second user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the second user; and while the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user are being output for display and responsive to determining not to display the one or more points of interests for the second user, suppress the one or more points of interests for the second user from being output for display. 4. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to authenticate the second user by at least being operable to:
determine whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, provide the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, provide the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 5. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine one or more indications that indicate at least a role or identity of at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; compare the one or more indications to a set of one or more criteria to determine the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; and responsive to receiving an indication of user input from the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment, execute, based at least in part on the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user, one or more operations. 6. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to store at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session. 7. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module that is operable by the at least one processor to store the location history by at least being operable to:
generate a request that includes the location history, the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user; and send the request to at least one remote server to store the location history for each of the first user account and the second user account based on the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user. 8. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, further comprising:
a presence-sensitive display, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment that includes each of the first and second users, and wherein the presence-sensitive display is physically accessible by each of the first and second users in the shared-screen environment. 9. A method comprising:
responsive to authenticating a first user at a vehicle head unit of a vehicle:
establishing, by the vehicle head unit, a session; and
associating the sessions with a user identifier associated with the first user;
responsive to authenticating a second user at the vehicle head unit, associating, by the vehicle head unit, the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session; while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, storing location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
determining, by the vehicle head unit and based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determining, by the vehicle head unit and based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, outputting, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
determining, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the second user, one or more points of interests for the second user; determining, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the second user; and while the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user are being output for display and responsive to determining not to display the one or more points of interests for the second user, suppressing the one or more points of interests for the second user from being output for display. 12. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
determining whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, providing the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, providing the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment, the method further comprising:
determining one or more indications that indicate at least a role or identity of at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; comparing the one or more indications to a set of one or more criteria to determine the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; and responsive to receiving an indication of user input from the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment, executing, based at least in part on the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user, one or more operations. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
storing at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
generating a request that includes the location history, the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user; and sending the request to at least one remote server to store the data for each of the first user account and the second user account based on the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user. 16. The method of claim 9,
wherein the vehicle head unit comprises a presence-sensitive display, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment that includes each of the first and second users, and wherein the presence-sensitive display is physically accessible by each of the first and second users in the shared-screen environment. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor of a computing device to:
authenticate a first user at the vehicle head unit; responsive to authenticating the first user:
establish a session; and
associate the session with a user identifier associated with the first user;
authenticate a second user at the vehicle head unit; responsive to authenticating the second user, associate the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session; while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, store location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, output, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to:
determine whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, provide the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, provide the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to store at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session. | In some examples, a vehicle head unit of a vehicle includes at least one processor; and at least one module operable to: responsive to authenticating a first user at a vehicle head unit of a vehicle, establish a session with a first user identifier, the first user identifier associated with the first user; responsive to authenticating a second user at the vehicle head unit, associate a second user identifier with the session, the second user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the first and second user identifiers are concurrently associated with the session; generate data while the first and second user identifiers are concurrently associated with the session; and store, based on the first user identifier and the second user identifier, the data to both a first user account associated with the first user identifier and a second user account associated with the second user identifier.1. A vehicle head unit of a vehicle, the vehicle head unit comprising:
at least one processor; and a storage device that stores at least one module operable by the at least one processor to:
authenticate a first user at the vehicle head unit;
responsive to authenticating the first user:
establish a session; and
associate the session with a user identifier associated with the first user;
authenticate a second user at the vehicle head unit;
responsive to authenticating the second user, associate the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session;
while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, store location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 2. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, output, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 3. The vehicle head unit of claim 2, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the second user, one or more points of interests for the second user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the second user; and while the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user are being output for display and responsive to determining not to display the one or more points of interests for the second user, suppress the one or more points of interests for the second user from being output for display. 4. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to authenticate the second user by at least being operable to:
determine whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, provide the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, provide the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 5. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to:
determine one or more indications that indicate at least a role or identity of at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; compare the one or more indications to a set of one or more criteria to determine the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; and responsive to receiving an indication of user input from the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment, execute, based at least in part on the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user, one or more operations. 6. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module is operable by the at least one processor to store at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session. 7. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one module that is operable by the at least one processor to store the location history by at least being operable to:
generate a request that includes the location history, the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user; and send the request to at least one remote server to store the location history for each of the first user account and the second user account based on the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user. 8. The vehicle head unit of claim 1, further comprising:
a presence-sensitive display, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment that includes each of the first and second users, and wherein the presence-sensitive display is physically accessible by each of the first and second users in the shared-screen environment. 9. A method comprising:
responsive to authenticating a first user at a vehicle head unit of a vehicle:
establishing, by the vehicle head unit, a session; and
associating the sessions with a user identifier associated with the first user;
responsive to authenticating a second user at the vehicle head unit, associating, by the vehicle head unit, the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session; while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, storing location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
determining, by the vehicle head unit and based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determining, by the vehicle head unit and based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, outputting, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
determining, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the second user, one or more points of interests for the second user; determining, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the second user; and while the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user are being output for display and responsive to determining not to display the one or more points of interests for the second user, suppressing the one or more points of interests for the second user from being output for display. 12. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
determining whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, providing the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, providing the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment, the method further comprising:
determining one or more indications that indicate at least a role or identity of at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; comparing the one or more indications to a set of one or more criteria to determine the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment; and responsive to receiving an indication of user input from the at least one of the first user or the second user in the shared-screen environment, executing, based at least in part on the role or identity of the at least one of the first user or the second user, one or more operations. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
storing at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
generating a request that includes the location history, the user identifier associated with the first user, and the user identifier associated with the second user; and sending the request to at least one remote server to store the data for each of the first user account and the second user account based on the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user. 16. The method of claim 9,
wherein the vehicle head unit comprises a presence-sensitive display, wherein the vehicle head unit is included in a shared-screen environment that includes each of the first and second users, and wherein the presence-sensitive display is physically accessible by each of the first and second users in the shared-screen environment. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium encoded with instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor of a computing device to:
authenticate a first user at the vehicle head unit; responsive to authenticating the first user:
establish a session; and
associate the session with a user identifier associated with the first user;
authenticate a second user at the vehicle head unit; responsive to authenticating the second user, associate the session with a user identifier associated with the second user, wherein the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session; while the user identifiers associated with the first and second users are concurrently associated with the session, store location information to both a first user account associated with the first user and a second user account associated with the second user. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to:
determine, based on the location information and data associated with a user account of the first user, one or more points of interests for the first user; determine, based on at least one privacy control, whether to display each of the one or more points of interest for the first user; and responsive to determining to display at least a portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user, output, for display, the portion of the one or more points of interests for the first user. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to:
determine whether a trust relationship between the first user and the second user satisfies a threshold; if the trust relationship satisfies the threshold, provide the first authentication challenge to the second user; and if the trust relationship does not satisfy the threshold, provide the second authentication challenge to the second user, wherein the first authentication challenge is weaker than the second authentication challenge. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the one or more processors to store at least one of a playlist history of music played while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session or a search history of searches conducted while the user identifier associated with the first user and the user identifier associated with the second user are concurrently associated with the session. | 2,400 |
8,448 | 8,448 | 12,681,492 | 2,465 | A system for managing the activity of one or more of concurrently active wireless communication mediums being supported by at least one radio module integrated within a wireless communication device. More specifically, the present invention, in at least one embodiment, may align communication controlled by Internet protocol (EP) with operational schedules formulated for supporting wireless communication mediums and/or radio modules. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device; formulating an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; determining at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and adjusting maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 2-24. (canceled) 25. A method according to claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums includes at least one of a number of pending messages, an age of pending messages, a priority of pending messages and error rate information. 26. A method according to claim 1, wherein formulating a schedule for the at least one radio module includes assigning one or more time periods during which operation is permitted to the one or more of the wireless communication mediums. 27. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 28. A method according to claim 27, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 29. A method according to claim 27, wherein the received package size is controlled by sending a wireless alert message to another device sending the Internet protocol packet to the wireless communication device. 30. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message informs the other device to reduce the size of the Internet protocol packet. 31. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device before any Internet protocol packets have been received at the wireless communication device. 32. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device in response of not successfully receiving one or more Internet protocol packets from the another device. 33. A computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code embodied in said medium, comprising:
a computer readable program code configured to receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device; a computer readable program code configured to formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; a computer readable program code configured to determine at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and a computer readable program code configured to adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 34. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums includes at least one of a number of pending messages, an age of pending messages, a priority of pending messages and error rate information. 35. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein formulating a schedule for the at least one radio module includes assigning one or more time periods during which operation is permitted to the one or more of the wireless communication mediums. 36. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 37. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 38. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the received package size is controlled by sending a wireless alert message to another device sending the Internet protocol packet to the wireless communication device. 39. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message informs the other device to reduce the size of the Internet protocol packet. 40. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device before any Internet protocol packets have been received at the wireless communication device. 41. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device in response of not successfully receiving one or more Internet protocol packets from the another device. 42. A device comprising:
at least one radio module; and at least one controller module coupled to the one or more radio modules; wherein the device is configured to:
receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by the at least one radio module in the device;
formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module;
determine at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and
adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 43. A device according to claim 42, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 44. A device according to claim 43, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 45. A device according to claim 44, wherein the size control variable is set by the controller module. 46. A device according to claim 45, wherein the Internet protocol stack sets the maximum transfer packet size to the smaller of the size control variable set by the controller module and the maximum transfer packet size set by controls within the Internet protocol stack. 47. A device comprising:
means for formulating an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; means for determining at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and means for adjusting maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based at least on the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 48. A device according to claim 47, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 49. A device according to claim 48, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 50. A device according to claim 49, wherein the size control variable is set by controller means. 51. A device according to claim 50, wherein the Internet protocol stack sets the maximum transfer packet size to the smaller of the size control variable set by the controller means and the maximum transfer packet size set by controls within the Internet protocol stack. 52. A chipset comprising:
a multiradio controller module; and at least one radio module coupled to the multiradio controller module; wherein the chipset is configured to:
receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device;
formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module;
determine at least one wireless communication medium communicating being used for Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and
adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. | A system for managing the activity of one or more of concurrently active wireless communication mediums being supported by at least one radio module integrated within a wireless communication device. More specifically, the present invention, in at least one embodiment, may align communication controlled by Internet protocol (EP) with operational schedules formulated for supporting wireless communication mediums and/or radio modules.1. A method, comprising:
receiving information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device; formulating an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; determining at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and adjusting maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 2-24. (canceled) 25. A method according to claim 1, wherein the information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums includes at least one of a number of pending messages, an age of pending messages, a priority of pending messages and error rate information. 26. A method according to claim 1, wherein formulating a schedule for the at least one radio module includes assigning one or more time periods during which operation is permitted to the one or more of the wireless communication mediums. 27. A method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 28. A method according to claim 27, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 29. A method according to claim 27, wherein the received package size is controlled by sending a wireless alert message to another device sending the Internet protocol packet to the wireless communication device. 30. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message informs the other device to reduce the size of the Internet protocol packet. 31. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device before any Internet protocol packets have been received at the wireless communication device. 32. A method according to claim 29, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device in response of not successfully receiving one or more Internet protocol packets from the another device. 33. A computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable program code embodied in said medium, comprising:
a computer readable program code configured to receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device; a computer readable program code configured to formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; a computer readable program code configured to determine at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and a computer readable program code configured to adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 34. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums includes at least one of a number of pending messages, an age of pending messages, a priority of pending messages and error rate information. 35. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein formulating a schedule for the at least one radio module includes assigning one or more time periods during which operation is permitted to the one or more of the wireless communication mediums. 36. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 37. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 38. A computer program product according to claim 33, wherein the received package size is controlled by sending a wireless alert message to another device sending the Internet protocol packet to the wireless communication device. 39. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message informs the other device to reduce the size of the Internet protocol packet. 40. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device before any Internet protocol packets have been received at the wireless communication device. 41. A computer program product according to claim 38, wherein the wireless alert message is sent to the other device in response of not successfully receiving one or more Internet protocol packets from the another device. 42. A device comprising:
at least one radio module; and at least one controller module coupled to the one or more radio modules; wherein the device is configured to:
receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by the at least one radio module in the device;
formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module;
determine at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and
adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 43. A device according to claim 42, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 44. A device according to claim 43, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 45. A device according to claim 44, wherein the size control variable is set by the controller module. 46. A device according to claim 45, wherein the Internet protocol stack sets the maximum transfer packet size to the smaller of the size control variable set by the controller module and the maximum transfer packet size set by controls within the Internet protocol stack. 47. A device comprising:
means for formulating an operational schedule for the at least one radio module; means for determining at least one wireless communication medium being used for communicating Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and means for adjusting maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based at least on the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. 48. A device according to claim 47, wherein adjusting the maximum transfer packet size includes adjusting the maximum transfer packet size on at least one of sent and received packets. 49. A device according to claim 48, wherein the maximum transfer packet size of a sent packet is adjusted by setting a size control variable in the Internet protocol stack. 50. A device according to claim 49, wherein the size control variable is set by controller means. 51. A device according to claim 50, wherein the Internet protocol stack sets the maximum transfer packet size to the smaller of the size control variable set by the controller means and the maximum transfer packet size set by controls within the Internet protocol stack. 52. A chipset comprising:
a multiradio controller module; and at least one radio module coupled to the multiradio controller module; wherein the chipset is configured to:
receive information regarding one or more wireless communication mediums supported by at least one radio module in a wireless communication device;
formulate an operational schedule for the at least one radio module;
determine at least one wireless communication medium communicating being used for Internet protocol information from the one or more wireless communication mediums; and
adjust maximum transfer packet size for the internet protocol communication based on at least the operational schedule for the at least one radio module supporting the at least one wireless communication medium communicating Internet protocol information. | 2,400 |
8,449 | 8,449 | 15,259,598 | 2,424 | Various implementations described herein are directed to determining variations or changes to a predetermined programming schedule. In accordance with one method, a predicted end time of video content may be determined to be later than a scheduled end time of the video content. Also, it may be determined that video content scheduled to be displayed on a first stream or channel has been moved to a second stream or channel. A scheduled recording or transmission time of video content may be altered based on detected changes to the predetermined programming schedule. A program listing such as an electronic program guide may be revised based on detected changes to the predetermined programming schedule. | 1. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices and based on a visual indicator in a first video content item, a predicted end time of thee first video content item ; determining that the predicted end time of the first video content item is later than a scheduled end time of the first video content item, wherein the scheduled end time is indicated in a content listing that comprises a first entry corresponding to the first video content item and a second entry corresponding to a second video content item scheduled after the first video content item; modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, the first entry in the content listing; modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, the second entry in the content listing; and causing display of an updated content listing comprising the modified first entry and the modified second entry. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the first entry in the content listing comprises modifying the scheduled end time of the first video content item to be the predicted end time of the first video content item. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the second entry in the content listing comprises modifying, in an electronic program guide, a scheduled start time of the second video content item to be later than the predicted end time of the first video content item. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the second entry in the content listing comprises modifying an indication of a stream or a channel in the second entry in the content listing. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, based on a detected scoreboard or a detected clock, the predicted end time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, based on a textual overlay indicating a change in scheduling, the predicted end time. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, a scheduled recording of the first video content item or a schedule recording of the second video content item. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, using at least one of computer vision technology or automatic content recognition technology, the predicted end time. 9. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices and based on closed captions corresponding to a first video content item, a predicted end time of the first video content item; determining that the predicted end time of the first video content item is later than a scheduled end time of the first video content item; and modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, a start time and an end time of a recording corresponding to a second video content item, wherein the second video content item is scheduled after the first video content item. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein modifying the start time and the end time of the recording comprises transmitting an instruction to modify the start time and the end time of the recording of the second video content item. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein modifying the start time and the end time of the recording comprises modifying the start time of the recording to be the predicted end time of the first video content item. 12. The method of claim 9, further comprising extracting, from the first video content item, the closed captions. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
retrieving the scheduled end time of the first video content item from metadata corresponding to the first video content item; and comparing the predicted end time of the first video content item to the scheduled end time of the first video content item. 14. (canceled) 15. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices, that a first video content item transmitted via a first stream is delayed; determining that a recording is scheduled of a second video content item, wherein the second video content item is scheduled to be transmitted, after the first video content item, via the first stream; determining a second stream that the second video content item is scheduled to be transmitted via; and modifying the recording to record from the second stream. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining, based on a displayed indication of a quarter, a half, a period, or an inning, the delay in the first video content item. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising detecting one or more time markers in the first video content item. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining that the first video content item is delayed comprises comparing the one or more time markers to one or more system clocks. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising comparing a predicted end time of the first video content item to a scheduled end time of the first video content item. 20. (canceled) 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining that a commercial is being displayed during the first video content item; and modifying, based on the determination that the commercial is being displayed, the first entry in the content listing. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the modifying the first entry in the content listing comprises updating the first entry in the content listing to indicate that the first video content item is displaying the commercial. | Various implementations described herein are directed to determining variations or changes to a predetermined programming schedule. In accordance with one method, a predicted end time of video content may be determined to be later than a scheduled end time of the video content. Also, it may be determined that video content scheduled to be displayed on a first stream or channel has been moved to a second stream or channel. A scheduled recording or transmission time of video content may be altered based on detected changes to the predetermined programming schedule. A program listing such as an electronic program guide may be revised based on detected changes to the predetermined programming schedule.1. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices and based on a visual indicator in a first video content item, a predicted end time of thee first video content item ; determining that the predicted end time of the first video content item is later than a scheduled end time of the first video content item, wherein the scheduled end time is indicated in a content listing that comprises a first entry corresponding to the first video content item and a second entry corresponding to a second video content item scheduled after the first video content item; modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, the first entry in the content listing; modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, the second entry in the content listing; and causing display of an updated content listing comprising the modified first entry and the modified second entry. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the first entry in the content listing comprises modifying the scheduled end time of the first video content item to be the predicted end time of the first video content item. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the second entry in the content listing comprises modifying, in an electronic program guide, a scheduled start time of the second video content item to be later than the predicted end time of the first video content item. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the second entry in the content listing comprises modifying an indication of a stream or a channel in the second entry in the content listing. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, based on a detected scoreboard or a detected clock, the predicted end time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, based on a textual overlay indicating a change in scheduling, the predicted end time. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, a scheduled recording of the first video content item or a schedule recording of the second video content item. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the predicted end time of the first video content item comprises determining, using at least one of computer vision technology or automatic content recognition technology, the predicted end time. 9. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices and based on closed captions corresponding to a first video content item, a predicted end time of the first video content item; determining that the predicted end time of the first video content item is later than a scheduled end time of the first video content item; and modifying, based on the predicted end time of the first video content item, a start time and an end time of a recording corresponding to a second video content item, wherein the second video content item is scheduled after the first video content item. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein modifying the start time and the end time of the recording comprises transmitting an instruction to modify the start time and the end time of the recording of the second video content item. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein modifying the start time and the end time of the recording comprises modifying the start time of the recording to be the predicted end time of the first video content item. 12. The method of claim 9, further comprising extracting, from the first video content item, the closed captions. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
retrieving the scheduled end time of the first video content item from metadata corresponding to the first video content item; and comparing the predicted end time of the first video content item to the scheduled end time of the first video content item. 14. (canceled) 15. A method comprising:
determining, by one or more computing devices, that a first video content item transmitted via a first stream is delayed; determining that a recording is scheduled of a second video content item, wherein the second video content item is scheduled to be transmitted, after the first video content item, via the first stream; determining a second stream that the second video content item is scheduled to be transmitted via; and modifying the recording to record from the second stream. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining, based on a displayed indication of a quarter, a half, a period, or an inning, the delay in the first video content item. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising detecting one or more time markers in the first video content item. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining that the first video content item is delayed comprises comparing the one or more time markers to one or more system clocks. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising comparing a predicted end time of the first video content item to a scheduled end time of the first video content item. 20. (canceled) 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining that a commercial is being displayed during the first video content item; and modifying, based on the determination that the commercial is being displayed, the first entry in the content listing. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the modifying the first entry in the content listing comprises updating the first entry in the content listing to indicate that the first video content item is displaying the commercial. | 2,400 |
8,450 | 8,450 | 15,196,448 | 2,491 | A novel method for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center is provided. Such a firewall configuration is divided into multiple sections that each contains a set of firewall rules. Each tenant of the software defined data center has a corresponding set of sections in the firewall configuration. The method allows each tenant to independently access and update/manage its own corresponding set of sections. Multiple tenants or users are allowed to make changes to the firewall configuration simultaneously. | 1. A method for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center that provide computing and networking resources to a plurality of tenants, the method comprising:
storing a firewall configuration comprising a plurality of sections, each section comprising a set of firewall rules, wherein each tenant has a corresponding set of sections in the plurality of sections; and allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections independently from other tenants. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sections are prioritized, wherein applying firewall service to a packet comprises identifying an applicable firewall rule by examining a higher priority section before examining a lower priority section. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of sections comprises a highest priority section and a lowest priority section that include rules that are applicable to all tenants of the software defined data center. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein each tenant-specific set of sections comprises rules that are not applicable to other tenants. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises providing a user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a section to and (ii) remove a section from the corresponding set of sections for the tenant. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the user interface is an application programming interface (API) that complies with REST (representational state transfer). 7. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises providing an user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a rule to and (ii) removing a rule from a section belonging to the tenant. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing a tenant to insert or to remove a new section to the firewall configuration comprises changing the priority assignment of a set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the tenant is a first tenant, wherein allowing the first tenant to insert or to remove a section to the firewall configuration further comprises preventing a second, different tenant from inserting or removing a section in the firewall configuration while the first tenant is changing the priority assignment of the set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 10. A computing device for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center that provide computing and networking resources to a plurality of tenants, the computing device comprising:
a set of processing units; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing a program for execution by the set of processing units, the program comprising sets of instructions for:
storing a firewall configuration comprising a plurality of sections, each section comprising a set of firewall rules, wherein each tenant has a corresponding set of sections in the plurality of sections; and
allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections independently from other tenants. 11. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the plurality of sections are prioritized, wherein the set of instructions for applying firewall service to a packet comprises a set of instructions for identifying an applicable firewall rule by examining a higher priority section before examining a lower priority section. 12. The computing device of claim 11, wherein the plurality of sections comprises a highest priority section and a lowest priority section that include rules that are applicable to all tenants of the software defined data center. 13. The computing device of claim 10 wherein each tenant-specific set of sections comprises rules that are not applicable to other tenants. 14. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises a set of instructions for providing a user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a section to and (ii) remove a section from the corresponding set of sections for the tenant. 15. The computing device of claim 14, wherein the user interface is an application programming interface (API) that complies with REST (representational state transfer). 16. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises a set of instructions for providing an user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a rule to and (ii) removing a rule from a section belonging to the tenant. 17. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing a tenant to insert or to remove a new section to the firewall configuration comprises a set of instructions for changing the priority assignment of a set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 18. The computing device of claim 17, wherein the tenant is a first tenant, wherein the set of instructions for allowing the first tenant to insert or to remove a section to the firewall configuration further comprises a set of instructions for preventing a second, different tenant from inserting or removing a section in the firewall configuration while the first tenant is changing the priority assignment of the set of sections already in the firewall configuration. | A novel method for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center is provided. Such a firewall configuration is divided into multiple sections that each contains a set of firewall rules. Each tenant of the software defined data center has a corresponding set of sections in the firewall configuration. The method allows each tenant to independently access and update/manage its own corresponding set of sections. Multiple tenants or users are allowed to make changes to the firewall configuration simultaneously.1. A method for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center that provide computing and networking resources to a plurality of tenants, the method comprising:
storing a firewall configuration comprising a plurality of sections, each section comprising a set of firewall rules, wherein each tenant has a corresponding set of sections in the plurality of sections; and allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections independently from other tenants. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sections are prioritized, wherein applying firewall service to a packet comprises identifying an applicable firewall rule by examining a higher priority section before examining a lower priority section. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of sections comprises a highest priority section and a lowest priority section that include rules that are applicable to all tenants of the software defined data center. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein each tenant-specific set of sections comprises rules that are not applicable to other tenants. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises providing a user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a section to and (ii) remove a section from the corresponding set of sections for the tenant. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the user interface is an application programming interface (API) that complies with REST (representational state transfer). 7. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises providing an user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a rule to and (ii) removing a rule from a section belonging to the tenant. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein allowing a tenant to insert or to remove a new section to the firewall configuration comprises changing the priority assignment of a set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the tenant is a first tenant, wherein allowing the first tenant to insert or to remove a section to the firewall configuration further comprises preventing a second, different tenant from inserting or removing a section in the firewall configuration while the first tenant is changing the priority assignment of the set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 10. A computing device for managing firewall configuration of a software defined data center that provide computing and networking resources to a plurality of tenants, the computing device comprising:
a set of processing units; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing a program for execution by the set of processing units, the program comprising sets of instructions for:
storing a firewall configuration comprising a plurality of sections, each section comprising a set of firewall rules, wherein each tenant has a corresponding set of sections in the plurality of sections; and
allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections independently from other tenants. 11. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the plurality of sections are prioritized, wherein the set of instructions for applying firewall service to a packet comprises a set of instructions for identifying an applicable firewall rule by examining a higher priority section before examining a lower priority section. 12. The computing device of claim 11, wherein the plurality of sections comprises a highest priority section and a lowest priority section that include rules that are applicable to all tenants of the software defined data center. 13. The computing device of claim 10 wherein each tenant-specific set of sections comprises rules that are not applicable to other tenants. 14. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises a set of instructions for providing a user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a section to and (ii) remove a section from the corresponding set of sections for the tenant. 15. The computing device of claim 14, wherein the user interface is an application programming interface (API) that complies with REST (representational state transfer). 16. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing each tenant to access its corresponding set of sections comprises a set of instructions for providing an user interface element to each tenant for (i) inserting a rule to and (ii) removing a rule from a section belonging to the tenant. 17. The computing device of claim 10, wherein the set of instructions for allowing a tenant to insert or to remove a new section to the firewall configuration comprises a set of instructions for changing the priority assignment of a set of sections already in the firewall configuration. 18. The computing device of claim 17, wherein the tenant is a first tenant, wherein the set of instructions for allowing the first tenant to insert or to remove a section to the firewall configuration further comprises a set of instructions for preventing a second, different tenant from inserting or removing a section in the firewall configuration while the first tenant is changing the priority assignment of the set of sections already in the firewall configuration. | 2,400 |
8,451 | 8,451 | 15,598,470 | 2,415 | A user equipment device (UE) may communicate according to a new device category satisfying specified QoS (quality of service) requirements while also satisfying specified link budget requirements, and additional optimization requirements. The UE may use physical channels and procedures (e.g. it may receive and decode control channels) in a manner compatible with and not infringing on the operation of other UEs operating in the same network, while allowing the network more flexibility to assign resources. Specifically, resources for EPDCCH on UE-specific SS and EPDCCH on common SS may be shared. That is, the resources for two search spaces may be overlaid partially or in full, giving the network more flexibility in allocating resources. Furthermore the DCI formats for MPDCCH may be extended to devices operating according to the new device category, which enables the coverage enhancement of MTC for these devices. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
a processing element configured to cause a wireless communication device to:
perform communications with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as a device that belongs to a first device category;
operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device communicates with the cellular base station; and
use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. 8. A wireless communication device comprising:
radio circuitry configured to facilitate wireless cellular communications of the wireless communication device; and a processing element configured to interoperate with the radio circuitry to cause the wireless communication device to:
communicate with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as a device that belongs to a first device category;
operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device communicates with the cellular base station; and
use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 9. The wireless communication device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to interoperate with the radio circuitry to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. 15. A non-transitory memory element storing instructions executable by a processing element to cause a wireless communication device to:
perform wireless communications with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as belonging to a first device category; operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device performs the wireless communications with the cellular base station; and use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 16. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI;
wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 17. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 18. The non-transitory memory element of claim 17, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 19. The non-transitory memory element of claim 17, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. | A user equipment device (UE) may communicate according to a new device category satisfying specified QoS (quality of service) requirements while also satisfying specified link budget requirements, and additional optimization requirements. The UE may use physical channels and procedures (e.g. it may receive and decode control channels) in a manner compatible with and not infringing on the operation of other UEs operating in the same network, while allowing the network more flexibility to assign resources. Specifically, resources for EPDCCH on UE-specific SS and EPDCCH on common SS may be shared. That is, the resources for two search spaces may be overlaid partially or in full, giving the network more flexibility in allocating resources. Furthermore the DCI formats for MPDCCH may be extended to devices operating according to the new device category, which enables the coverage enhancement of MTC for these devices.1. An apparatus comprising:
a processing element configured to cause a wireless communication device to:
perform communications with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as a device that belongs to a first device category;
operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device communicates with the cellular base station; and
use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. 8. A wireless communication device comprising:
radio circuitry configured to facilitate wireless cellular communications of the wireless communication device; and a processing element configured to interoperate with the radio circuitry to cause the wireless communication device to:
communicate with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as a device that belongs to a first device category;
operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device communicates with the cellular base station; and
use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 9. The wireless communication device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to interoperate with the radio circuitry to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. 15. A non-transitory memory element storing instructions executable by a processing element to cause a wireless communication device to:
perform wireless communications with a cellular base station, wherein the wireless communication device is identified to the cellular base station as belonging to a first device category; operate according to a plurality of communication parameters that specify how the wireless communication device performs the wireless communications with the cellular base station; and use any of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH) or Machine Type Communications PDCCH (MPDCCH) for decoding Downlink Control Information (DCI). 16. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the wireless communication device to recognize which DCI of a plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH to decode based at least on a length of the DCI;
wherein the length of the DCI on the MPDCCH decoded by the wireless communication device is different from a length of other DCIs of the plurality of DCIs on the MPDCCH decoded by other devices belonging to a device category other than the first device category. 17. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein, for distributed transmissions, at least some resources are shared between the EPDCCH on common search space and one or more of the following:
the MPDCCH; or the EPDCCH on wireless communication device-specific search space. 18. The non-transitory memory element of claim 17, wherein the at least some resources are shared by overlaying one or more but not all physical resource block pairs. 19. The non-transitory memory element of claim 17, wherein resource elements are transmitted on multiple respective ports, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the wireless communication device to access the at least some resources through multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) methods. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein sharing of the at least some resources is managed by the cellular base station and is transparent to the wireless communication device. | 2,400 |
8,452 | 8,452 | 14,582,299 | 2,413 | A method, a device, and a non-transitory storage medium having instructions to attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network; detect whether the network device is in a congested state; generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state when the network device is in the congested state; and transmit the message on a control or signaling channel for receipt by user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. The user device scans the control or signaling channel before initiating a session and determines whether the network device is in the congested state. When the network device is in the congested state, the user device performs a switchover to a second network. The user device has multimode capabilities. | 1. A method comprising:
attaching, by a wireless node of a first network, with a user device, wherein the wireless node provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area; detecting, by the wireless node, whether the wireless node is in a congested state; generating, by the wireless node, a message that indicates that the wireless node is in the congested state based on detecting that the wireless node is in the congested state; and transmitting, by the wireless node, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel of the first network for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the wireless node in the cell area or the sector area. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the user device, an indication to initiate a session with another device via the wireless node of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device capable of accessing, via a first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and accessing, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard; receiving, by the user device via the first communication interface, the message on the control channel or the signaling channel; determining, by the user device, whether the wireless node is in the congested state based on receiving the message; and invoking, by the user device, a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another wireless node of the second network, in response to determining that the wireless node of the first network is in the congested state. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the session and the same session is one of a voice session, a data session, a web session, or a streaming session. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network and the wireless node is an evolved Node B, and the method further comprising:
determining, by the wireless node, that the wireless node is not in the congested state; receiving, by the user device, an indication to initiate a session with another device via the wireless node of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device capable of accessing, via a first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and accessing, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard; scanning, by the user device, the control channel or the signaling channel based on receiving the indication; determining, by the user device, whether the wireless node is in the congested state based on the scanning; and omitting to invoke, by the user device, a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another wireless node of the second network, in response to determining that the wireless node of the first network is not in the congested state, wherein a determination that the wireless node is not in the congested state is based on not receiving a message on the control channel or the signaling channel indicating that the wireless node in the congested state. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (SSAC) barring parameter. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the congested state is application-specific, and wherein the transmitting further comprises:
periodically transmitting the message during a time period that the wireless node is in the congested state, wherein the transmitting includes broadcasting the message in the cell area or the sector area. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting that the wireless node is no longer in the congested state: generating a message that indicates that the wireless node is not in the congested state based on detecting that the wireless node is not in the congested state; and transmitting the message, which indicates that the wireless node is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the wireless node in the cell area or the sector area. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting comprises:
evaluating current load measurements relative to available resources, wherein the load measurements are application-specific. 9. A system comprising:
a network device, wherein the network device comprises:
a communication interface;
a first memory, wherein the first memory stores first instructions; and
a first processor, wherein the first processor executes the first instructions to:
attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network;
detect whether the network device is in a congested state;
generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is in the congested state; and
transmit, via the communication interface, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 10. The system of claim 9 further comprising:
a user device, wherein the user device comprises:
a first communication interface of a first communicative standard pertaining to the first network, wherein the first network includes a Long Term Evolution network;
a second communication interface of a second communicative standard pertaining to a second network, wherein the first communicative standard is different from the second communicative standard;
a second memory, wherein the second memory stores second instructions; and
a second processor, wherein the second processor executes the second instructions to:
receive an indication to initiate a session with another device via the network device of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device that can use, via the first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and use, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard;
receive, via the first communication interface, the message on the control channel or the signaling channel;
determine whether the network device is in the congested state based on a receipt of the message;
invoke a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another network device of the second network, in response to a determination that the network device of the first network is in the congested state. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the session and the same session is one of a voice session, a data session, a web session, or a streaming session. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the network device is one of a base station, a Node B, an evolved Node B, a microcell wireless node, a picocell wireless node, or a femtocell wireless node. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, and wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (S SAC) barring parameter. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the congested state is application-specific, and wherein, when transmitting, the first processor further executes the first instructions to:
periodically transmit the message during a time period that the network device is in the congested state, wherein the message is broadcasted in the cell area or the sector area. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the first processor further executes the first instructions to:
detect that the network device is no longer in the congested state: generate a message that indicates that the network device is not in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is not in the congested state; and transmit, via the communication interface, the message, which indicates that the network device is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 16. A non-transitory storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor of a network device to:
attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network; detect whether the network device is in a congested state; generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is in the congested state; and transmit, via the communication interface, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel in the cell area of the sector area for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 17. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (S SAC) barring parameter. 18. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, further storing instructions executable by the processor of the network device to:
periodically transmit the message during a time period that the network device is in the congested state, wherein the message is broadcasted in the cell area or the sector area. 19. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution network and the network device is an evolved Node B. 20. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, further storing instructions executable by the processor of the network device to:
detect that the network device is no longer in the congested state: generate a message that indicates that the network device is not in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is not in the congested state; and transmit the message, which indicates that the network device is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. | A method, a device, and a non-transitory storage medium having instructions to attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network; detect whether the network device is in a congested state; generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state when the network device is in the congested state; and transmit the message on a control or signaling channel for receipt by user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. The user device scans the control or signaling channel before initiating a session and determines whether the network device is in the congested state. When the network device is in the congested state, the user device performs a switchover to a second network. The user device has multimode capabilities.1. A method comprising:
attaching, by a wireless node of a first network, with a user device, wherein the wireless node provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area; detecting, by the wireless node, whether the wireless node is in a congested state; generating, by the wireless node, a message that indicates that the wireless node is in the congested state based on detecting that the wireless node is in the congested state; and transmitting, by the wireless node, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel of the first network for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the wireless node in the cell area or the sector area. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, by the user device, an indication to initiate a session with another device via the wireless node of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device capable of accessing, via a first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and accessing, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard; receiving, by the user device via the first communication interface, the message on the control channel or the signaling channel; determining, by the user device, whether the wireless node is in the congested state based on receiving the message; and invoking, by the user device, a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another wireless node of the second network, in response to determining that the wireless node of the first network is in the congested state. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the session and the same session is one of a voice session, a data session, a web session, or a streaming session. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network and the wireless node is an evolved Node B, and the method further comprising:
determining, by the wireless node, that the wireless node is not in the congested state; receiving, by the user device, an indication to initiate a session with another device via the wireless node of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device capable of accessing, via a first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and accessing, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard; scanning, by the user device, the control channel or the signaling channel based on receiving the indication; determining, by the user device, whether the wireless node is in the congested state based on the scanning; and omitting to invoke, by the user device, a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another wireless node of the second network, in response to determining that the wireless node of the first network is not in the congested state, wherein a determination that the wireless node is not in the congested state is based on not receiving a message on the control channel or the signaling channel indicating that the wireless node in the congested state. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (SSAC) barring parameter. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the congested state is application-specific, and wherein the transmitting further comprises:
periodically transmitting the message during a time period that the wireless node is in the congested state, wherein the transmitting includes broadcasting the message in the cell area or the sector area. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting that the wireless node is no longer in the congested state: generating a message that indicates that the wireless node is not in the congested state based on detecting that the wireless node is not in the congested state; and transmitting the message, which indicates that the wireless node is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the wireless node in the cell area or the sector area. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting comprises:
evaluating current load measurements relative to available resources, wherein the load measurements are application-specific. 9. A system comprising:
a network device, wherein the network device comprises:
a communication interface;
a first memory, wherein the first memory stores first instructions; and
a first processor, wherein the first processor executes the first instructions to:
attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network;
detect whether the network device is in a congested state;
generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is in the congested state; and
transmit, via the communication interface, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 10. The system of claim 9 further comprising:
a user device, wherein the user device comprises:
a first communication interface of a first communicative standard pertaining to the first network, wherein the first network includes a Long Term Evolution network;
a second communication interface of a second communicative standard pertaining to a second network, wherein the first communicative standard is different from the second communicative standard;
a second memory, wherein the second memory stores second instructions; and
a second processor, wherein the second processor executes the second instructions to:
receive an indication to initiate a session with another device via the network device of the first network, wherein the user device is a multimode device that can use, via the first communication interface, the first network of a first communicative standard and use, via a second communication interface, a second network of a second communicative standard that is different from the first communicative standard;
receive, via the first communication interface, the message on the control channel or the signaling channel;
determine whether the network device is in the congested state based on a receipt of the message;
invoke a switchover, wherein the switchover includes establishing a same session via the second communication interface and another network device of the second network, in response to a determination that the network device of the first network is in the congested state. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the session and the same session is one of a voice session, a data session, a web session, or a streaming session. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the network device is one of a base station, a Node B, an evolved Node B, a microcell wireless node, a picocell wireless node, or a femtocell wireless node. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, and wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (S SAC) barring parameter. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the congested state is application-specific, and wherein, when transmitting, the first processor further executes the first instructions to:
periodically transmit the message during a time period that the network device is in the congested state, wherein the message is broadcasted in the cell area or the sector area. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the first processor further executes the first instructions to:
detect that the network device is no longer in the congested state: generate a message that indicates that the network device is not in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is not in the congested state; and transmit, via the communication interface, the message, which indicates that the network device is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 16. A non-transitory storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor of a network device to:
attach to a user device, wherein the network device provides wireless access coverage in a cell area or a sector area of a first network; detect whether the network device is in a congested state; generate a message that indicates that the network device is in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is in the congested state; and transmit, via the communication interface, the message on a control channel or a signaling channel in the cell area of the sector area for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. 17. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, wherein the message includes a system information block message that includes a service-specific access class (S SAC) barring parameter. 18. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, further storing instructions executable by the processor of the network device to:
periodically transmit the message during a time period that the network device is in the congested state, wherein the message is broadcasted in the cell area or the sector area. 19. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, wherein the first network is a Long Term Evolution network and the network device is an evolved Node B. 20. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 16, further storing instructions executable by the processor of the network device to:
detect that the network device is no longer in the congested state: generate a message that indicates that the network device is not in the congested state based on a detection that the network device is not in the congested state; and transmit the message, which indicates that the network device is not in the congested state, on the control channel or the signaling channel for receipt by one or more user devices attached to the network device in the cell area or the sector area. | 2,400 |
8,453 | 8,453 | 15,660,608 | 2,485 | An optical monitoring system includes a controller configured to determine a predicted status of a component based on an operational time of a rotary machine and an individual model. The controller is also configured to receive a first signal indicative of an infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras. Further, the controller is configured to determine a current status of the component based on the first signal and compare the current status to the predicted status of the component. Additionally, the controller is configured to update the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based on the comparison. | 1. An optical monitoring system comprising a controller configured to:
determine a predicted status of a component within an interior of a rotary machine based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the component; receive a first signal indicative of an infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras; determine a current status of the component based at least in part on the first signal; compare the current status to the predicted status of the component; and update the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based at least in part on the comparison. 2. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the predicted status of the component comprises a predicted amount of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a predicted amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a predicted number of blocked cooling holes of the component, a predicted amount of oxidation of the component, a predicted amount of corrosion of the component, a predicted amount of buildup of debris on the component, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the current status of the component comprises a current amount of spallation of the thermal barrier coating of the component, a current amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a current number of blocked cooling holes of the component, a current amount of oxidation of the component, a current amount of corrosion of the component, a current amount of buildup of debris on the component, or a combination thereof. 3. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to identify the component from a plurality of components based on an engine serial number, markers disposed on the component, a comparison of the current status of the component to the predicted status of the component, or a combination thereof. 4. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to receive a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the component based at least in part on the second signal, and wherein the controller is configured to determine a service limit of the component based at least in part on the predicted status of the component, the current status of the component, or a combination thereof. 5. The optical monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the controller is configured to generate the at least one parameter of the individual model based on the first signal and the second signal received from the one or more cameras during an initial status determination of the component performed before the rotary machine completes a predetermined quantity of cycles. 6. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to perform a control action in response to the current status of the component reaching or exceeding a threshold status corresponding to a service limit of the component, the predicted status of the component reaching or exceeding the threshold status at the time of the predicted status, or a combination thereof. 7. The optical monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the control action comprises outputting a signal indicative of an alert, wherein the alert is indicative of a recommendation to repair or replace the component, a recommendation to repair or replace the rotary machine, a recommendation to stop the rotary machine, a recommendation to clean the rotary machine, or a combination thereof. 8. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter of the individual model of the component comprises an operating temperature of the rotary machine, an operating pressure of the rotary machine, a rate of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a rate of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a rate of debris buildup on the component, a rate of oxidation of the component, a rate of corrosion of the component, a rate of blockage of cooling holes of the component, or a combination thereof. 9. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the component, compare the current status to the predicted status, and update the predicted status and the at least one parameter of the individual model after the rotary machine has been operating for a threshold operating time. 10. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine the predicted status of the component based at least in part on historic data from a memory component, wherein the historic data comprises data stored during operation of the rotary machine. 11. The optical monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the historic data comprises flight information, full authority digital engine control information related to the rotary machine, or a combination thereof. 12. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is located in a physical location remote to the rotary machine. 13. An optical monitoring system configured to optically communicate with an interior of a rotary machine, wherein the optical monitoring system comprises:
one or more cameras configured to receive an infrared spectrum image of at least one component within the interior of the rotary machine, wherein the one or more cameras are configured to output a first signal indicative of the infrared spectrum image; and a controller communicatively coupled to the one or more cameras and configured to:
determine a predicted status of the at least one component based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the at least one component;
receive the first signal output from the one or more cameras;
determine a current status of the at least one component based at least in part on the first signal;
compare the current status to the predicted status of the at least one component; and
update the predicted status of the at least one component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the at least one component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the at least one component based at least in part on the comparison. 14. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the predicted status of the at least one component comprises a predicted amount of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the at least one component, a predicted amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the at least one component, a predicted number of blocked cooling holes of the at least one component, a predicted amount of oxidation of the at least one component, a predicted amount of corrosion of the at least one component, a predicted amount of buildup of debris on the at least one component, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the current status of the at least one component comprises a current amount of spallation of the thermal barrier coating of the at least one component, a current amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the at least one component, a current number of blocked cooling holes of the at least one component, a current amount of oxidation of the at least one component, a current amount of corrosion of the at least one component, a current amount of buildup of debris on the at least one component, or a combination thereof. 15. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to receive a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the at least one component from one or more cameras, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the at least one component based at least in part on the second signal, and wherein the controller is configured to determine a service limit of the at least one component based at least in part on the predicted status of the at least one component, the current status of the at least one component, or a combination thereof. 16. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the at least one component comprises a plurality of components, wherein the controller is configured to determine the predicted status of the plurality of components, determine the current status of the plurality of components, and perform a control action based on a first component of the plurality of components that comprises a predicted status, a current status, or any combination thereof closest to a corresponding service limit of the first component. 17. A method, comprising:
determining, via a controller, a predicted status of a component within an interior of a rotary machine based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the component; receiving, via the controller, a first signal indicative of infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras; determining, via the controller, a current status of the component based at least in part on the first signal; comparing, via the controller, the current status to the predicted status of the component; updating, via the controller, the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component; and updating, via the controller, at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based at least in part on the comparison. 18. The method of claim 17, comprising:
receiving, via the controller, a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the component from the one or more cameras; determining, via the controller, the current status of the component based at least in part on the second signal; and determining, via the controller, a service limit of the component based at least in part on the predicted status of the component, the current status of the component, or a combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, comprising performing, via the controller, a control action if the current status of the component reaches or exceeds a threshold status corresponding to a service limit of the component, the predicted status of the component reaches or exceeds the threshold status at the time of the predicted status, or any combination thereof. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one parameter of the individual model of the component comprises an operating temperature of the rotary machine, an operating pressure of the rotary machine, a rate of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a rate of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a rate of debris buildup on the component, a rate of oxidation of the component, a rate of corrosion of the component, a rate of blockage of cooling holes of the component, or a combination thereof. | An optical monitoring system includes a controller configured to determine a predicted status of a component based on an operational time of a rotary machine and an individual model. The controller is also configured to receive a first signal indicative of an infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras. Further, the controller is configured to determine a current status of the component based on the first signal and compare the current status to the predicted status of the component. Additionally, the controller is configured to update the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based on the comparison.1. An optical monitoring system comprising a controller configured to:
determine a predicted status of a component within an interior of a rotary machine based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the component; receive a first signal indicative of an infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras; determine a current status of the component based at least in part on the first signal; compare the current status to the predicted status of the component; and update the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based at least in part on the comparison. 2. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the predicted status of the component comprises a predicted amount of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a predicted amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a predicted number of blocked cooling holes of the component, a predicted amount of oxidation of the component, a predicted amount of corrosion of the component, a predicted amount of buildup of debris on the component, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the current status of the component comprises a current amount of spallation of the thermal barrier coating of the component, a current amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a current number of blocked cooling holes of the component, a current amount of oxidation of the component, a current amount of corrosion of the component, a current amount of buildup of debris on the component, or a combination thereof. 3. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to identify the component from a plurality of components based on an engine serial number, markers disposed on the component, a comparison of the current status of the component to the predicted status of the component, or a combination thereof. 4. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to receive a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the component based at least in part on the second signal, and wherein the controller is configured to determine a service limit of the component based at least in part on the predicted status of the component, the current status of the component, or a combination thereof. 5. The optical monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the controller is configured to generate the at least one parameter of the individual model based on the first signal and the second signal received from the one or more cameras during an initial status determination of the component performed before the rotary machine completes a predetermined quantity of cycles. 6. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to perform a control action in response to the current status of the component reaching or exceeding a threshold status corresponding to a service limit of the component, the predicted status of the component reaching or exceeding the threshold status at the time of the predicted status, or a combination thereof. 7. The optical monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the control action comprises outputting a signal indicative of an alert, wherein the alert is indicative of a recommendation to repair or replace the component, a recommendation to repair or replace the rotary machine, a recommendation to stop the rotary machine, a recommendation to clean the rotary machine, or a combination thereof. 8. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter of the individual model of the component comprises an operating temperature of the rotary machine, an operating pressure of the rotary machine, a rate of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a rate of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a rate of debris buildup on the component, a rate of oxidation of the component, a rate of corrosion of the component, a rate of blockage of cooling holes of the component, or a combination thereof. 9. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the component, compare the current status to the predicted status, and update the predicted status and the at least one parameter of the individual model after the rotary machine has been operating for a threshold operating time. 10. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine the predicted status of the component based at least in part on historic data from a memory component, wherein the historic data comprises data stored during operation of the rotary machine. 11. The optical monitoring system of claim 10, wherein the historic data comprises flight information, full authority digital engine control information related to the rotary machine, or a combination thereof. 12. The optical monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the controller is located in a physical location remote to the rotary machine. 13. An optical monitoring system configured to optically communicate with an interior of a rotary machine, wherein the optical monitoring system comprises:
one or more cameras configured to receive an infrared spectrum image of at least one component within the interior of the rotary machine, wherein the one or more cameras are configured to output a first signal indicative of the infrared spectrum image; and a controller communicatively coupled to the one or more cameras and configured to:
determine a predicted status of the at least one component based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the at least one component;
receive the first signal output from the one or more cameras;
determine a current status of the at least one component based at least in part on the first signal;
compare the current status to the predicted status of the at least one component; and
update the predicted status of the at least one component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the at least one component and update at least one parameter of the individual model of the at least one component based at least in part on the comparison. 14. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the predicted status of the at least one component comprises a predicted amount of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the at least one component, a predicted amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the at least one component, a predicted number of blocked cooling holes of the at least one component, a predicted amount of oxidation of the at least one component, a predicted amount of corrosion of the at least one component, a predicted amount of buildup of debris on the at least one component, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the current status of the at least one component comprises a current amount of spallation of the thermal barrier coating of the at least one component, a current amount of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the at least one component, a current number of blocked cooling holes of the at least one component, a current amount of oxidation of the at least one component, a current amount of corrosion of the at least one component, a current amount of buildup of debris on the at least one component, or a combination thereof. 15. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to receive a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the at least one component from one or more cameras, wherein the controller is configured to determine the current status of the at least one component based at least in part on the second signal, and wherein the controller is configured to determine a service limit of the at least one component based at least in part on the predicted status of the at least one component, the current status of the at least one component, or a combination thereof. 16. The optical monitoring system of claim 13, wherein the at least one component comprises a plurality of components, wherein the controller is configured to determine the predicted status of the plurality of components, determine the current status of the plurality of components, and perform a control action based on a first component of the plurality of components that comprises a predicted status, a current status, or any combination thereof closest to a corresponding service limit of the first component. 17. A method, comprising:
determining, via a controller, a predicted status of a component within an interior of a rotary machine based at least in part on an operational time of the rotary machine and an individual model of the component; receiving, via the controller, a first signal indicative of infrared spectrum image of the component from one or more cameras; determining, via the controller, a current status of the component based at least in part on the first signal; comparing, via the controller, the current status to the predicted status of the component; updating, via the controller, the predicted status of the component such that the predicted status matches the current status of the component; and updating, via the controller, at least one parameter of the individual model of the component based at least in part on the comparison. 18. The method of claim 17, comprising:
receiving, via the controller, a second signal indicative of a visual spectrum image of the component from the one or more cameras; determining, via the controller, the current status of the component based at least in part on the second signal; and determining, via the controller, a service limit of the component based at least in part on the predicted status of the component, the current status of the component, or a combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, comprising performing, via the controller, a control action if the current status of the component reaches or exceeds a threshold status corresponding to a service limit of the component, the predicted status of the component reaches or exceeds the threshold status at the time of the predicted status, or any combination thereof. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one parameter of the individual model of the component comprises an operating temperature of the rotary machine, an operating pressure of the rotary machine, a rate of spallation of a thermal barrier coating of the component, a rate of spallation of an environmental barrier coating of the component, a rate of debris buildup on the component, a rate of oxidation of the component, a rate of corrosion of the component, a rate of blockage of cooling holes of the component, or a combination thereof. | 2,400 |
8,454 | 8,454 | 15,170,103 | 2,487 | A video codec includes a stitching module configured to select stored encoded video frames that are to be composed into a concatenated frame for display. The stitching module arranges the selected encoded video frames into a specified pattern, and stitches the arranged encoded video frames together to generate a stitched encoded frame. A decoder of the video codec then decodes the stitched encoded frame to generate the frame for display. By stitching together the encoded video frames prior to decoding, the video codec reduces the number of times the decoder must be initialized, | 1. A method comprising:
stitching at a decoder a first plurality of received encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of encoded frames; and decoding the first combined plurality of encoded frames to generate a first plurality of display frames. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
stitching at the decoder a second plurality of received encoded video frames to generate a second combined plurality of encoded frames, the second plurality of received encoded video frames different from the first plurality of encoded video frames; and decoding the second combined plurality of encoded frames to generate a second plurality of display frames. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second plurality of video frames includes at least one video frame of the first plurality of video frames. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
selecting the first plurality of encoded video frames from a stored set of encoded video frames at a first time; and selecting the second plurality of encoded video frames from the stored set of encoded video frames at a second time. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein stitching comprises:
modifying a pixel block address in a header of video frames of the first plurality of video frames. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein modifying the pixel block address comprises maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting up the decoder to decode all of the first combined plurality of encoded frames. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein stitching comprises stitching a first plurality of encoded video frames, each encoded video frame having been encoded independently. 9. A method, comprising:
receiving a plurality of encoded video frames; concatenating a selected subset of the plurality of encoded video frames to generate encoded frames; and decoding the encoded frames to generate frames for display. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein concatenating comprises:
modifying a pixel block address of a first pixel block of the selected subset. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein concatenating further comprises:
modifying a pixel block address of a second pixel block of the selected subset. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein modifying the pixel block address comprises maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 13. A device, comprising:
a stitching module configured to receive a first plurality of encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of encoded video frames; and a decoder configured to decode the first combined plurality of encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of decoded video frames. 14. The device of claim 13, further comprising:
an input/output module configured to receive a user input and generate stitching sequence instructions based at least in part on the received user input. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the stitching module is to receive a second plurality of encoded video frames. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the stitching module is to:
select the first plurality of encoded video frames from a stored set of encoded video frames at a first time; and select the second plurality of encoded video frames from the stored set of encoded video frames at a second time. 17. The device of claim 13, wherein the stitching module is to stitch the first plurality of encoded video frames by:
modifying a pixel block address in a header of a first video frame of the first plurality of video frames. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the stitching module is to modify the pixel block address by maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 19. The device of claim 13, wherein the decoder is to:
setup the decoder to decode all of the combined encoded frames. 20. The device of claim 13, further comprising:
a destitching module to destitch the combined decoded frames. | A video codec includes a stitching module configured to select stored encoded video frames that are to be composed into a concatenated frame for display. The stitching module arranges the selected encoded video frames into a specified pattern, and stitches the arranged encoded video frames together to generate a stitched encoded frame. A decoder of the video codec then decodes the stitched encoded frame to generate the frame for display. By stitching together the encoded video frames prior to decoding, the video codec reduces the number of times the decoder must be initialized,1. A method comprising:
stitching at a decoder a first plurality of received encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of encoded frames; and decoding the first combined plurality of encoded frames to generate a first plurality of display frames. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
stitching at the decoder a second plurality of received encoded video frames to generate a second combined plurality of encoded frames, the second plurality of received encoded video frames different from the first plurality of encoded video frames; and decoding the second combined plurality of encoded frames to generate a second plurality of display frames. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second plurality of video frames includes at least one video frame of the first plurality of video frames. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
selecting the first plurality of encoded video frames from a stored set of encoded video frames at a first time; and selecting the second plurality of encoded video frames from the stored set of encoded video frames at a second time. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein stitching comprises:
modifying a pixel block address in a header of video frames of the first plurality of video frames. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein modifying the pixel block address comprises maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting up the decoder to decode all of the first combined plurality of encoded frames. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein stitching comprises stitching a first plurality of encoded video frames, each encoded video frame having been encoded independently. 9. A method, comprising:
receiving a plurality of encoded video frames; concatenating a selected subset of the plurality of encoded video frames to generate encoded frames; and decoding the encoded frames to generate frames for display. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein concatenating comprises:
modifying a pixel block address of a first pixel block of the selected subset. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein concatenating further comprises:
modifying a pixel block address of a second pixel block of the selected subset. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein modifying the pixel block address comprises maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 13. A device, comprising:
a stitching module configured to receive a first plurality of encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of encoded video frames; and a decoder configured to decode the first combined plurality of encoded video frames to generate a first combined plurality of decoded video frames. 14. The device of claim 13, further comprising:
an input/output module configured to receive a user input and generate stitching sequence instructions based at least in part on the received user input. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the stitching module is to receive a second plurality of encoded video frames. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the stitching module is to:
select the first plurality of encoded video frames from a stored set of encoded video frames at a first time; and select the second plurality of encoded video frames from the stored set of encoded video frames at a second time. 17. The device of claim 13, wherein the stitching module is to stitch the first plurality of encoded video frames by:
modifying a pixel block address in a header of a first video frame of the first plurality of video frames. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the stitching module is to modify the pixel block address by maintaining a number of bits of the pixel block address. 19. The device of claim 13, wherein the decoder is to:
setup the decoder to decode all of the combined encoded frames. 20. The device of claim 13, further comprising:
a destitching module to destitch the combined decoded frames. | 2,400 |
8,455 | 8,455 | 15,613,013 | 2,487 | The various embodiments described herein include methods, devices, and systems for categorizing motion events. In one aspect, a method is performed at a camera device. The method includes: (1) capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera; (2) sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time; (3) while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time: (a) determining that motion has occurred within the scene; (b) in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and (c) generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and (4) sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. | 1. A method, comprising:
at a camera device having an image sensor, one or more processors, and memory:
capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera;
sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time;
while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and
generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and
sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating, at the camera device, an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating, at the remote server system, a classification for the motion event based on an analysis of the plurality of video frames and the received motion event metadata. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating an alert for the motion event. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising sending, from the camera device, camera mode information to the remote server system. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising sending, from the camera device, environmental information to the remote server system. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining is based on an amount of pixel differences between frames in the plurality of video frames. 9. A camera device, comprising:
an image sensor configured to capture a scene; one or more processors coupled to the image sensor; and memory coupled to the one or more processors, the memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera;
sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time;
while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and
generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and
sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for identifying within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for calculating an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 12. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for generating an alert for the motion event. 13. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for sending camera mode information to the remote server system. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for sending environmental information to the remote server system. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by a camera device, cause the camera device to:
capture a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera; send the video frames to the remote server system in real-time; while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterize the motion as a motion event; and
generate motion event metadata for the motion event; and
send the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to identify within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to calculate an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to generate an alert for the motion event. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to send camera mode information to the remote server system. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to send environmental information to the remote server system. | The various embodiments described herein include methods, devices, and systems for categorizing motion events. In one aspect, a method is performed at a camera device. The method includes: (1) capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera; (2) sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time; (3) while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time: (a) determining that motion has occurred within the scene; (b) in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and (c) generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and (4) sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames.1. A method, comprising:
at a camera device having an image sensor, one or more processors, and memory:
capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera;
sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time;
while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and
generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and
sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating, at the camera device, an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating, at the remote server system, a classification for the motion event based on an analysis of the plurality of video frames and the received motion event metadata. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating an alert for the motion event. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising sending, from the camera device, camera mode information to the remote server system. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising sending, from the camera device, environmental information to the remote server system. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining is based on an amount of pixel differences between frames in the plurality of video frames. 9. A camera device, comprising:
an image sensor configured to capture a scene; one or more processors coupled to the image sensor; and memory coupled to the one or more processors, the memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
capturing a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera;
sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time;
while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterizing the motion as a motion event; and
generating motion event metadata for the motion event; and
sending the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for identifying within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for calculating an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 12. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for generating an alert for the motion event. 13. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for sending camera mode information to the remote server system. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for sending environmental information to the remote server system. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by a camera device, cause the camera device to:
capture a plurality of video frames via the image sensor, the plurality of video frames corresponding to a scene in a field of view of the camera; send the video frames to the remote server system in real-time; while sending the video frames to the remote server system in real-time:
determining that motion has occurred within the scene;
in response to determining that motion has occurred within the scene, characterize the motion as a motion event; and
generate motion event metadata for the motion event; and
send the generated motion event metadata to the remote server system concurrently with the video frames. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to identify within the motion event one or more motion entities; and
wherein the motion event metadata includes identification information for the one or more motion entities. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to calculate an amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames; and
wherein the motion event metadata further includes information regarding the amount of motion between frames in the plurality of video frames. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to generate an alert for the motion event. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to send camera mode information to the remote server system. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more programs further include instructions, which when executed by the camera device, cause the camera device to send environmental information to the remote server system. | 2,400 |
8,456 | 8,456 | 15,888,002 | 2,482 | An imaging system includes: a first imaging apparatus including a first imaging element and a first optical system; and a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the first imaging element. The first optical system includes a first free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows an image to be formed on the first imaging element such that a resolution is different between a portion of a predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle on a horizontal plane. | 1. An imaging system comprising:
an imaging apparatus including an imaging element in which a plurality of imaging pixels are arranged in a matrix, and an optical system that forms an image of a predetermined region on an imaging surface of the imaging element; and a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the imaging element, wherein the optical system includes a free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface such that a resolution is different between a portion of the predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of the imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle. 2. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein in the free-form surface lens included in the optical system, a cross section taken along an imaginary plane including an optical axis and a first axis perpendicular to the optical axis and a cross section taken along an imaginary plane including the optical axis and a second axis perpendicular to the optical axis and the first axis have different shapes and are non-arcuate. 3. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein in the free-form surface lens included in the optical system, the resolution gradually increases from one end portion toward the other end portion of the predetermined region. 4. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface of the imaging element such that the total number of the imaging pixels that capture the image of the predetermined region is higher as compared with a case where an entire image captured by a fish-eye lens is formed. 5. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a first imaging apparatus including a first imaging element and a first optical system that forms an image of a first region on an imaging surface of the first imaging element; and a second imaging apparatus including a second imaging element and a second optical system that forms an image of a second region on an imaging surface of the second imaging element, the second region partially overlapping the first region, the first optical system includes a first free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the first region to be formed on the imaging surface of the first imaging element such that the resolution is different between an overlapping portion of the first region that overlaps the second region and another portion of the first region, and the generator generates a combined image based on image data acquired from the first imaging element and the second imaging element. 6. The imaging system according to claim 5, further comprising:
a third imaging apparatus including a third imaging element and a third optical system that forms an image of a third region on an imaging surface of the third imaging element, the third region partially overlapping the second region and being different from the first region, wherein the first free-form surface lens included in the first optical system has a shape that causes the resolution to be higher in the overlapping portion of the first region that overlaps the second region than in the other portion of the first region, the second optical system includes a second free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the second region to be formed on the second imaging element such that in the second region, an overlapping portion between the first region and the second region and an overlapping portion between the third region and the second region have a resolution lower than a resolution of another portion of the second region, the third optical system includes a third free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the third region to be formed on the third imaging element such that in the third region, an overlapping portion between the third region and the second region has a resolution higher than a resolution of another portion of the third region, and the generator generates a combined image based on image data of the overlapping portion between the first region and the second region, image data of the overlapping portion between the third region and the second region, and image data of the second region. 7. The imaging system according to claim 6, further comprising:
a fourth imaging apparatus including a fourth imaging element and a fourth optical system that forms an image of a fourth region on an imaging surface of the fourth imaging element, the fourth region partially overlapping the first region and the third region and being located in a direction opposite to the second region, wherein the generator generates a combined image showing surroundings based on image data acquired from the first imaging element, the second imaging element, the third imaging element, and the fourth imaging element. 8. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein when a planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to an optical axis within the predetermined region, the optical system that includes the free-form surface lens has a higher resolution in a portion far from the optical axis than in a portion close to the optical axis in a direction extending along the planar region, and the generator generates an image in which a shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 9. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein when a planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to an optical axis within the predetermined region, the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a higher resolution in a portion far from the optical system in the planar region than in a portion close to the optical system in the planar region, and the generator generates an image in which a shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 10. The imaging system according to claim 8,
wherein when the planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to the optical axis within the predetermined region, the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a higher resolution in the portion far from the optical system in the planar region than in the portion close to the optical system in the planar region, and the generator generates the image in which the shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging the image of the high-resolution portion relative to the image of the low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 11. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a fifth imaging apparatus including a fifth imaging element and a fifth optical system that forms an image of a fifth region on an imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including a first planar region; and a sixth imaging apparatus including a sixth imaging element and a sixth optical system that forms an image of a sixth region on an imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including a second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within a same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes a fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion close to the second planar region than in a portion close to an optical axis of the fifth optical system in a direction extending along the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes a sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion close to the first planar region than in a portion close to an optical axis of the sixth optical system in a direction extending along the second planar region, and the generator generates, based on a high-resolution portion of image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element, a combined image in which the first planar region and the second planar region are connected. 12. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a fifth imaging apparatus including a fifth imaging element and a fifth optical system that forms an image of a fifth region on an imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including a first planar region; and a sixth imaging apparatus including a sixth imaging element and a sixth optical system that forms an image of a sixth region on an imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including a second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within a same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes a fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the fifth optical system than in a portion close to the fifth optical system in the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes a sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the sixth optical system than in a portion close to the sixth optical system in the second planar region, and the generator generates a combined image in which shapes of the first planar region and the second planar region and an arrangement of the first planar region and the second planar region are reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element. 13. The imaging system according to claim 11,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: the fifth imaging apparatus including the fifth imaging element and the fifth optical system that forms the image of the fifth region on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including the first planar region; and the sixth imaging apparatus including the sixth imaging element and the sixth optical system that forms the image of the sixth region on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including the second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within the same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes the fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the fifth optical system than in a portion close to the fifth optical system in the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes the sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the sixth optical system than in a portion close to the sixth optical system in the second planar region, and the generator generates a combined image in which shapes of the first planar region and the second planar region and an arrangement of the first planar region and the second planar region are reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element. 14. A mobile system comprising:
an imaging apparatus including an imaging element in which a plurality of imaging pixels are arranged in a matrix, and an optical system that forms an image of a predetermined region on an imaging surface of the imaging element; a mobile body to which the imaging apparatus is attached and that moves in a space; a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the imaging element; and a display apparatus that displays the image of the predetermined region generated by the generator, wherein the optical system includes a free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface of the imaging element such that a resolution is different between a portion of the predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of the imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle. | An imaging system includes: a first imaging apparatus including a first imaging element and a first optical system; and a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the first imaging element. The first optical system includes a first free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows an image to be formed on the first imaging element such that a resolution is different between a portion of a predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle on a horizontal plane.1. An imaging system comprising:
an imaging apparatus including an imaging element in which a plurality of imaging pixels are arranged in a matrix, and an optical system that forms an image of a predetermined region on an imaging surface of the imaging element; and a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the imaging element, wherein the optical system includes a free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface such that a resolution is different between a portion of the predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of the imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle. 2. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein in the free-form surface lens included in the optical system, a cross section taken along an imaginary plane including an optical axis and a first axis perpendicular to the optical axis and a cross section taken along an imaginary plane including the optical axis and a second axis perpendicular to the optical axis and the first axis have different shapes and are non-arcuate. 3. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein in the free-form surface lens included in the optical system, the resolution gradually increases from one end portion toward the other end portion of the predetermined region. 4. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface of the imaging element such that the total number of the imaging pixels that capture the image of the predetermined region is higher as compared with a case where an entire image captured by a fish-eye lens is formed. 5. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a first imaging apparatus including a first imaging element and a first optical system that forms an image of a first region on an imaging surface of the first imaging element; and a second imaging apparatus including a second imaging element and a second optical system that forms an image of a second region on an imaging surface of the second imaging element, the second region partially overlapping the first region, the first optical system includes a first free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the first region to be formed on the imaging surface of the first imaging element such that the resolution is different between an overlapping portion of the first region that overlaps the second region and another portion of the first region, and the generator generates a combined image based on image data acquired from the first imaging element and the second imaging element. 6. The imaging system according to claim 5, further comprising:
a third imaging apparatus including a third imaging element and a third optical system that forms an image of a third region on an imaging surface of the third imaging element, the third region partially overlapping the second region and being different from the first region, wherein the first free-form surface lens included in the first optical system has a shape that causes the resolution to be higher in the overlapping portion of the first region that overlaps the second region than in the other portion of the first region, the second optical system includes a second free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the second region to be formed on the second imaging element such that in the second region, an overlapping portion between the first region and the second region and an overlapping portion between the third region and the second region have a resolution lower than a resolution of another portion of the second region, the third optical system includes a third free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the third region to be formed on the third imaging element such that in the third region, an overlapping portion between the third region and the second region has a resolution higher than a resolution of another portion of the third region, and the generator generates a combined image based on image data of the overlapping portion between the first region and the second region, image data of the overlapping portion between the third region and the second region, and image data of the second region. 7. The imaging system according to claim 6, further comprising:
a fourth imaging apparatus including a fourth imaging element and a fourth optical system that forms an image of a fourth region on an imaging surface of the fourth imaging element, the fourth region partially overlapping the first region and the third region and being located in a direction opposite to the second region, wherein the generator generates a combined image showing surroundings based on image data acquired from the first imaging element, the second imaging element, the third imaging element, and the fourth imaging element. 8. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein when a planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to an optical axis within the predetermined region, the optical system that includes the free-form surface lens has a higher resolution in a portion far from the optical axis than in a portion close to the optical axis in a direction extending along the planar region, and the generator generates an image in which a shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 9. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein when a planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to an optical axis within the predetermined region, the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a higher resolution in a portion far from the optical system in the planar region than in a portion close to the optical system in the planar region, and the generator generates an image in which a shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 10. The imaging system according to claim 8,
wherein when the planar region is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to the optical axis within the predetermined region, the free-form surface lens included in the optical system has a higher resolution in the portion far from the optical system in the planar region than in the portion close to the optical system in the planar region, and the generator generates the image in which the shape of the planar region is reproduced by enlarging the image of the high-resolution portion relative to the image of the low-resolution portion based on the image data acquired from the imaging element. 11. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a fifth imaging apparatus including a fifth imaging element and a fifth optical system that forms an image of a fifth region on an imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including a first planar region; and a sixth imaging apparatus including a sixth imaging element and a sixth optical system that forms an image of a sixth region on an imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including a second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within a same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes a fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion close to the second planar region than in a portion close to an optical axis of the fifth optical system in a direction extending along the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes a sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion close to the first planar region than in a portion close to an optical axis of the sixth optical system in a direction extending along the second planar region, and the generator generates, based on a high-resolution portion of image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element, a combined image in which the first planar region and the second planar region are connected. 12. The imaging system according to claim 1,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: a fifth imaging apparatus including a fifth imaging element and a fifth optical system that forms an image of a fifth region on an imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including a first planar region; and a sixth imaging apparatus including a sixth imaging element and a sixth optical system that forms an image of a sixth region on an imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including a second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within a same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes a fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the fifth optical system than in a portion close to the fifth optical system in the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes a sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the sixth optical system than in a portion close to the sixth optical system in the second planar region, and the generator generates a combined image in which shapes of the first planar region and the second planar region and an arrangement of the first planar region and the second planar region are reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element. 13. The imaging system according to claim 11,
wherein the imaging apparatus includes: the fifth imaging apparatus including the fifth imaging element and the fifth optical system that forms the image of the fifth region on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element, the fifth region including the first planar region; and the sixth imaging apparatus including the sixth imaging element and the sixth optical system that forms the image of the sixth region on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element, the sixth region including the second planar region that makes contact with the first planar region within the same plane with the first planar region, the fifth optical system includes the fifth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the fifth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the fifth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the fifth optical system than in a portion close to the fifth optical system in the first planar region, the sixth optical system includes the sixth free-form surface lens that has a shape that causes the image of the sixth region to be formed on the imaging surface of the sixth imaging element such that the resolution is higher in a portion far from the sixth optical system than in a portion close to the sixth optical system in the second planar region, and the generator generates a combined image in which shapes of the first planar region and the second planar region and an arrangement of the first planar region and the second planar region are reproduced by enlarging an image of a high-resolution portion relative to an image of a low-resolution portion based on image data acquired from the fifth imaging element and the sixth imaging element. 14. A mobile system comprising:
an imaging apparatus including an imaging element in which a plurality of imaging pixels are arranged in a matrix, and an optical system that forms an image of a predetermined region on an imaging surface of the imaging element; a mobile body to which the imaging apparatus is attached and that moves in a space; a generator that generates an image based on image data acquired from the imaging element; and a display apparatus that displays the image of the predetermined region generated by the generator, wherein the optical system includes a free-form surface lens that has a shape that allows the image of the predetermined region to be formed on the imaging surface of the imaging element such that a resolution is different between a portion of the predetermined region and another portion of the predetermined region, the resolution being defined as a total number of the imaging pixels that capture an image within a unit field angle. | 2,400 |
8,457 | 8,457 | 15,200,288 | 2,431 | Various systems and methods for using single pairing for multiple technologies are provided herein. A system comprises a transceiver; a communication controller to interface with the transceiver and cause the transceiver to: connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; and receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; and a security manager to: determine a set of common technologies; receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and create long term keys for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. | 1. A system for using single pairing for multiple technologies, the system comprising:
a transceiver disposed in a housing of the system; a communication controller to interface with the transceiver and cause the transceiver to:
connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; and
receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; and
a security manager to:
determine a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device;
receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and
create long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication controller is to cause the transceiver to transmit the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication controller is to cause the transceiver to transmit, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein to determine the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies, the security manager is to perform a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein to create long term keys from the received set of tuples, the security manager is to invoke a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. 8. A method for using single pairing for multiple technologies on a system, the method comprising:
connecting to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; receiving, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; determining a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device; receiving from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and creating long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein determining the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies comprises performing a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein creating long term keys from the received set of tuples comprises invoking a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. 15. At least one machine-readable medium including instructions for using single pairing for multiple technologies on a system, which when executed by a machine, cause the machine to:
connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; determine a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device; receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and create long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 16. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising the instructions to transmit the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 17. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising the instructions to transmit, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 18. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 19. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 20. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein the instructions to determine the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies comprise instructions to perform a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 21. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions to create long term keys from the received set of tuples comprise instructions to invoke a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. | Various systems and methods for using single pairing for multiple technologies are provided herein. A system comprises a transceiver; a communication controller to interface with the transceiver and cause the transceiver to: connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; and receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; and a security manager to: determine a set of common technologies; receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and create long term keys for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies.1. A system for using single pairing for multiple technologies, the system comprising:
a transceiver disposed in a housing of the system; a communication controller to interface with the transceiver and cause the transceiver to:
connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; and
receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; and
a security manager to:
determine a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device;
receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and
create long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication controller is to cause the transceiver to transmit the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication controller is to cause the transceiver to transmit, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein to determine the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies, the security manager is to perform a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein to create long term keys from the received set of tuples, the security manager is to invoke a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. 8. A method for using single pairing for multiple technologies on a system, the method comprising:
connecting to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; receiving, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; determining a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device; receiving from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and creating long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising transmitting, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein determining the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies comprises performing a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein creating long term keys from the received set of tuples comprises invoking a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. 15. At least one machine-readable medium including instructions for using single pairing for multiple technologies on a system, which when executed by a machine, cause the machine to:
connect to a remote device using a first protocol, the first protocol including a long term key for use in successive connections between the system and the remote device with the first protocol; receive, from the remote device, a set of technologies supported by the remote device; determine a set of common technologies between a set of technologies supported by the system and the set of technologies supported by the remote device; receive from the remote device, a set of tuples for each technology in the set of common technologies, each tuple comprising an identifier associated with the remote device for each technology and a corresponding technology; and create long term keys from the long term key for each identifier in the received set of tuples, for use in later connections with the remote device using a technology from the set of technologies. 16. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising the instructions to transmit the set of technologies supported by the system to the remote device. 17. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising the instructions to transmit, to the remote device, a tuple of an identifier associated with the system and a corresponding technology, for each technology in the set of common technologies. 18. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth Low Energy. 19. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first protocol comprises Bluetooth Low Energy and the set of common technologies comprises Bluetooth. 20. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the set of technologies supported by the remote device and the set of technologies supported by the system are represented with respective bitmaps, and wherein the instructions to determine the set of common technologies between the first and second set of technologies comprise instructions to perform a bitwise logical AND operation on the respective bitmaps. 21. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions to create long term keys from the received set of tuples comprise instructions to invoke a function to convert the long term key received for the first protocol to a long term key associated with the technology from the set of common technologies. | 2,400 |
8,458 | 8,458 | 15,570,234 | 2,487 | A number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed are determined. The predefined region has a plurality of pixels. In response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process is selected dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color. The selected lossy compression process is applied to the predefined region. | 1. A method, comprising:
determining a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels; in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, selecting a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and applying the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected lossy compression process comprises at least one of:
interpolation including downsampling the pixels of the predefined region of the image to be compressed by a predefined factor into a plurality of sub-regions, each sub-region being reduced to one color; clustering pixels of similar colors, wherein a cluster is defined as a range of values defining a color within a maximum distance, wherein pixels of similar colors have each of their individual values defining the color of the pixel within a threshold distance; and block truncation including splitting the predefined region of the image to be compressed into a plurality of sub-regions, each sub-region being reduced to two colors. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein clustering pixels of similar colors comprises
defining a first cluster by a first pixel in the predefined region of the image to be compressed, when all values defining the color of a second pixel of the predefined region are less than a threshold distance apart from the values defining the color of the first pixel, adding the second pixel to the cluster and updating the cluster color boundaries using at least the values defining the color of the second pixel, when any of the values defining the color of the second pixel of the predefined region is further apart from the values defining the color of the first pixel than the threshold a new cluster is made, repeating the process for all pixels in the predefined region, and computing the color of each cluster as the mid-point of the cluster boundaries. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein splitting the predefined region of the image to be compressed into a plurality of sub-regions comprises splitting the predefined region in two halves and reducing each half to two colors using the Block Truncation Coding (BTC) process classifying the pixels into two buckets based on their luminance. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein
in case the number of pixels in the predefined region having the predefined color is equal to or greater than a second predefined threshold, selecting a color preserving lossy compression process, wherein the color preserving lossy compression process treats the predefined color separate from the other colors in the predefined region; and in case the number of pixels in the predefined region having the predefined color is less than the second predefined threshold, selecting a color non-preserving lossy compression process, wherein the color non-preserving lossy compression process treats the predefined color as any other color in the predefined region. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein applying the color preserving lossy compression process comprises:
forming a first cluster by clustering together pixels of the predefined color in the predefined region, and forming at least one second cluster by clustering together pixels of colors different from the predefined color in the predefined region which have values defining the color of the pixel within a predefined range. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein
in case the number of clusters is equal to or less than a third threshold, encoding the predefined region using at least a code value for the first cluster, and a code value for each of the second clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for the respective second cluster; and in case the number of clusters is greater than the third threshold, encoding the predefined region using at least
a code value for the first cluster,
a code value for a dominant cluster of the second clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for the dominant cluster, the dominant cluster being the cluster of the second clusters including the most pixels from the predefined region, and
a code value obtained by reducing the colors of the remaining pixels in the predefined region to a predefined number of colors. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the color non-preserving lossy compression process is selected using at least a color range of each of a plurality of sections of the predefined region of the image to be compressed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein
in case the color range of each of the plurality of sections of the predefined region is less than a fourth predefined threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
reducing the number of colors in the predefined region of the image to be compressed to a predefined number of colors;
in case the color range of at least one of the plurality of regions of the predefined region is equal to or greater than the fourth predefined threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
clustering together pixels of colors in the predefined region which have color values within a predefined range. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein
in case the number of clusters is equal to or less than a fifth threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
encoding the predefined region using at least a code value for the clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for respective clusters; and
in case the number of clusters is greater than the fifth threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
splitting the predefined region into a plurality of sub-regions, and
encoding the predefined region using at least a code value obtained by reducing the colors of the pixels in each sub-region of the predefined region to a predefined number of colors. 11. The method of claim 1, comprising
repeating the process for each of the predefined regions of the image to be compressed, and storing or processing the compressed image. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the predefined region of the image to be compressed comprises a 4×4 RGB pixel cell, and applying the selected lossy compression process comprises reducing the 4×4 RGB pixel cell from 16 pixels that has up to 16 different RGB colors down to 4 or fewer colors. 13. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions executable by a processing resource of a computing device to cause the processing resource to
determine a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels; select, in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and apply the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 14. An apparatus, comprising:
a buffer to store a predefined region of an image to be compressed; and a processor to
determine a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels;
select, in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and
apply the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises at least one of
a printer driver, a raster image processor of a printing system, a printer, and an image capturing device. | A number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed are determined. The predefined region has a plurality of pixels. In response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process is selected dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color. The selected lossy compression process is applied to the predefined region.1. A method, comprising:
determining a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels; in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, selecting a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and applying the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected lossy compression process comprises at least one of:
interpolation including downsampling the pixels of the predefined region of the image to be compressed by a predefined factor into a plurality of sub-regions, each sub-region being reduced to one color; clustering pixels of similar colors, wherein a cluster is defined as a range of values defining a color within a maximum distance, wherein pixels of similar colors have each of their individual values defining the color of the pixel within a threshold distance; and block truncation including splitting the predefined region of the image to be compressed into a plurality of sub-regions, each sub-region being reduced to two colors. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein clustering pixels of similar colors comprises
defining a first cluster by a first pixel in the predefined region of the image to be compressed, when all values defining the color of a second pixel of the predefined region are less than a threshold distance apart from the values defining the color of the first pixel, adding the second pixel to the cluster and updating the cluster color boundaries using at least the values defining the color of the second pixel, when any of the values defining the color of the second pixel of the predefined region is further apart from the values defining the color of the first pixel than the threshold a new cluster is made, repeating the process for all pixels in the predefined region, and computing the color of each cluster as the mid-point of the cluster boundaries. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein splitting the predefined region of the image to be compressed into a plurality of sub-regions comprises splitting the predefined region in two halves and reducing each half to two colors using the Block Truncation Coding (BTC) process classifying the pixels into two buckets based on their luminance. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein
in case the number of pixels in the predefined region having the predefined color is equal to or greater than a second predefined threshold, selecting a color preserving lossy compression process, wherein the color preserving lossy compression process treats the predefined color separate from the other colors in the predefined region; and in case the number of pixels in the predefined region having the predefined color is less than the second predefined threshold, selecting a color non-preserving lossy compression process, wherein the color non-preserving lossy compression process treats the predefined color as any other color in the predefined region. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein applying the color preserving lossy compression process comprises:
forming a first cluster by clustering together pixels of the predefined color in the predefined region, and forming at least one second cluster by clustering together pixels of colors different from the predefined color in the predefined region which have values defining the color of the pixel within a predefined range. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein
in case the number of clusters is equal to or less than a third threshold, encoding the predefined region using at least a code value for the first cluster, and a code value for each of the second clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for the respective second cluster; and in case the number of clusters is greater than the third threshold, encoding the predefined region using at least
a code value for the first cluster,
a code value for a dominant cluster of the second clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for the dominant cluster, the dominant cluster being the cluster of the second clusters including the most pixels from the predefined region, and
a code value obtained by reducing the colors of the remaining pixels in the predefined region to a predefined number of colors. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the color non-preserving lossy compression process is selected using at least a color range of each of a plurality of sections of the predefined region of the image to be compressed. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein
in case the color range of each of the plurality of sections of the predefined region is less than a fourth predefined threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
reducing the number of colors in the predefined region of the image to be compressed to a predefined number of colors;
in case the color range of at least one of the plurality of regions of the predefined region is equal to or greater than the fourth predefined threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
clustering together pixels of colors in the predefined region which have color values within a predefined range. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein
in case the number of clusters is equal to or less than a fifth threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
encoding the predefined region using at least a code value for the clusters determined using at least a mid-point color for respective clusters; and
in case the number of clusters is greater than the fifth threshold, applying the color non-preserving lossy compression process comprises:
splitting the predefined region into a plurality of sub-regions, and
encoding the predefined region using at least a code value obtained by reducing the colors of the pixels in each sub-region of the predefined region to a predefined number of colors. 11. The method of claim 1, comprising
repeating the process for each of the predefined regions of the image to be compressed, and storing or processing the compressed image. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the predefined region of the image to be compressed comprises a 4×4 RGB pixel cell, and applying the selected lossy compression process comprises reducing the 4×4 RGB pixel cell from 16 pixels that has up to 16 different RGB colors down to 4 or fewer colors. 13. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions executable by a processing resource of a computing device to cause the processing resource to
determine a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels; select, in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and apply the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 14. An apparatus, comprising:
a buffer to store a predefined region of an image to be compressed; and a processor to
determine a number of colors in a predefined region of an image to be compressed, the predefined region comprising a plurality of pixels;
select, in response to determining that the number of colors is greater than a first predefined threshold, a lossy compression process dependent on a number of pixels in the predefined region having a predefined color; and
apply the selected lossy compression process to the predefined region. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises at least one of
a printer driver, a raster image processor of a printing system, a printer, and an image capturing device. | 2,400 |
8,459 | 8,459 | 15,617,969 | 2,495 | Methods and systems for reconfiguring an interface device are described. The interface device may comprise a housing, one or more processors disposed in the housing, a display, a network interface that enables communication with a security system, and a module connector. One or more of a plurality of modules may be removably coupled, via the module connector, with the interface device. The plurality of modules may enable the interface device to perform different functions. An example module, when coupled to the module connector, may enable communication between multiple networks. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
an interface device comprising:
a housing comprising one or more processors;
a display in communication with the one or more processors;
a network interface configured to enable communication, via a first network, between the interface device and a security system; and
a module connector in communication with the one or more processors; and
a module configured to be removably coupled with the module connector, wherein the module, when coupled with the module connector, enables communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 5. The apparatus, of claim 1, wherein the module is configured to control the computing device. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the module is configured to conform to an opening of the housing, wherein the module connector is disposed in the opening. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the module comprises a communication element configured to communicate with the computing device. 8. A method comprising:
establishing, via a first network, communication between an interface device and a security system at a premises; determining a connection of a module to the interface device, wherein the module is configured to be removably coupled to the interface device; and controlling, based on the module, communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising controlling, by the interface device and via the module, the computing device. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the module is configured to conform to an opening of a housing of the interface device, wherein the module is configured to connect to the interface device via a module connector disposed in the opening. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the module comprises a communication element configured to communicate with the computing device. 15. An apparatus comprising:
an interface device comprising:
a housing comprising one or more processors;
a display in communication with the one or more processors;
a network interface configured to enable communication, via a first network, between the interface device and a security system; and
a module connector in communication with the one or more processors, wherein the module connector is configured to be removably coupled with one or more of a plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules comprise a first module that, when coupled with the module connector, enables communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first module is configured to control the computing device. 20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first module is configured to conform to an opening in the housing of the interface device, and wherein the module connector is disposed in the opening of the housing. | Methods and systems for reconfiguring an interface device are described. The interface device may comprise a housing, one or more processors disposed in the housing, a display, a network interface that enables communication with a security system, and a module connector. One or more of a plurality of modules may be removably coupled, via the module connector, with the interface device. The plurality of modules may enable the interface device to perform different functions. An example module, when coupled to the module connector, may enable communication between multiple networks.1. An apparatus comprising:
an interface device comprising:
a housing comprising one or more processors;
a display in communication with the one or more processors;
a network interface configured to enable communication, via a first network, between the interface device and a security system; and
a module connector in communication with the one or more processors; and
a module configured to be removably coupled with the module connector, wherein the module, when coupled with the module connector, enables communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 5. The apparatus, of claim 1, wherein the module is configured to control the computing device. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the module is configured to conform to an opening of the housing, wherein the module connector is disposed in the opening. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the module comprises a communication element configured to communicate with the computing device. 8. A method comprising:
establishing, via a first network, communication between an interface device and a security system at a premises; determining a connection of a module to the interface device, wherein the module is configured to be removably coupled to the interface device; and controlling, based on the module, communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 12. The method of claim 8, further comprising controlling, by the interface device and via the module, the computing device. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the module is configured to conform to an opening of a housing of the interface device, wherein the module is configured to connect to the interface device via a module connector disposed in the opening. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the module comprises a communication element configured to communicate with the computing device. 15. An apparatus comprising:
an interface device comprising:
a housing comprising one or more processors;
a display in communication with the one or more processors;
a network interface configured to enable communication, via a first network, between the interface device and a security system; and
a module connector in communication with the one or more processors, wherein the module connector is configured to be removably coupled with one or more of a plurality of modules, wherein the plurality of modules comprise a first module that, when coupled with the module connector, enables communication, via a second network different from the first network, of data between the security system and a computing device. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the security system comprises one or more of an alarm system controller, a sensor, or a camera. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the computing device comprises one or more of an automation device, a home health device, or an energy management device. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second network comprises a subnetwork established by the interface device or a remote network. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first module is configured to control the computing device. 20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first module is configured to conform to an opening in the housing of the interface device, and wherein the module connector is disposed in the opening of the housing. | 2,400 |
8,460 | 8,460 | 14,743,613 | 2,482 | Techniques and systems are provided for encoding and decoding video data. For example, a method of decoding video data includes accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol. The encoded video bitstream includes one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream. The method further includes determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set. The method further includes determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source. The method further includes determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. | 1. A method of decoding video data, the method comprising:
accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 7. The method of claim 1, the method being executable on a wireless communication device, wherein the wireless communication device comprises:
a memory configured to store the video data; a processor configured to execute instructions to process the video data stored in the memory; and a receiver configured to receive the encoded video bitstream. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the wireless communication device is a cellular telephone and the encoded video bitstream is modulated according to a cellular communication standard. 9. An apparatus comprising:
a memory configured to store video data; and a processor configured to:
access an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream;
determine that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set;
determine whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and
determine the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is configured to determine the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is configured to determine the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is a wireless communication device, further comprising:
a receiver configured to receive the encoded video bitstream. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the wireless communication device is a cellular telephone and the encoded video bitstream is modulated according to a cellular communication standard. 17. A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions that when executed by a processor perform a method, including:
accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 17, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 21. The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 22. The computer readable medium of claim 21, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 23. An apparatus comprising:
means for accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; means for determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; means for determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and means for determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the number of video signal information syntax structures is determined to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the number of video signal information syntax structures is determined to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. | Techniques and systems are provided for encoding and decoding video data. For example, a method of decoding video data includes accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol. The encoded video bitstream includes one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream. The method further includes determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set. The method further includes determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source. The method further includes determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source.1. A method of decoding video data, the method comprising:
accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 7. The method of claim 1, the method being executable on a wireless communication device, wherein the wireless communication device comprises:
a memory configured to store the video data; a processor configured to execute instructions to process the video data stored in the memory; and a receiver configured to receive the encoded video bitstream. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the wireless communication device is a cellular telephone and the encoded video bitstream is modulated according to a cellular communication standard. 9. An apparatus comprising:
a memory configured to store video data; and a processor configured to:
access an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream;
determine that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set;
determine whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and
determine the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is configured to determine the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is configured to determine the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is a wireless communication device, further comprising:
a receiver configured to receive the encoded video bitstream. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the wireless communication device is a cellular telephone and the encoded video bitstream is modulated according to a cellular communication standard. 17. A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions that when executed by a processor perform a method, including:
accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 19. The computer readable medium of claim 17, further comprising determining the number of video signal information syntax structures to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 20. The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 21. The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 22. The computer readable medium of claim 21, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. 23. An apparatus comprising:
means for accessing an encoded video bitstream encoded according to a first coding protocol, the encoded video bitstream including one or more enhancement layers and a video parameter set defining parameters of the encoded video bitstream; means for determining that a syntax element indicative of a number of video signal information syntax structures provided in the encoded video bitstream is not present in the video parameter set; means for determining whether a base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from an external source; and means for determining the number of video signal information syntax structures included in the video parameter set to be a first value or a second value based on whether the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream or to be received from the external source. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the number of video signal information syntax structures is determined to be the first value when it is determined that the base layer is included in the encoded video bitstream, wherein the first value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream. 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the number of video signal information syntax structures is determined to be the second value when it is determined that the base layer is to be received from the external source, wherein the second value is equal to a maximum number of layers of the encoded video bitstream minus one. 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a video signal information syntax structure is assigned to each of the layers included in the encoded video bitstream, and wherein no video signal information syntax structure is assigned to the base layer that is to be received from the external source. 27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the base layer provided from the external source is encoded according to a second coding protocol, the second coding protocol being different than the first coding protocol. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first coding protocol includes a high efficiency video coding protocol, and wherein the second coding protocol includes an advanced video coding protocol. | 2,400 |
8,461 | 8,461 | 15,964,338 | 2,482 | A vehicle indicia assembly includes a vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat and having an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface. The attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be mounted at a vehicle with the indicia surface facing outwards away from the vehicle. The vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion. A vehicle camera is disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element. The vehicle camera is positioned at the vehicle indicia element so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data. When the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at a vehicle, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. | 1. A vehicle indicia assembly suitable for use on a vehicle, the vehicle indicia assembly comprising:
a vehicle indicia element, the vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat, wherein the vehicle indicia element has an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface; wherein the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be mounted at a vehicle so that, when the vehicle indicia element is mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface faces outwards away from the vehicle; wherein the vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with the indicia surface around the light transmitting portion; a vehicle camera disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element, wherein the vehicle camera is positioned at the vehicle indicia element and behind the light transmitting portion so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data; and wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 2. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element is disposed at a passageway through the vehicle indicia element. 3. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway that extends partially through the vehicle indicia element and wherein the passageway does not extend through the indicia surface. 4. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera has a lens assembly and wherein the lens assembly is disposed at and behind the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element. 5. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 4, wherein the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element is disposed at a passageway through the vehicle indicia element and wherein the lens assembly is received at least partially through the passageway. 6. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is disposed at an outer end of the lens assembly of the vehicle camera and matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 7. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 6, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is at least partially coated with a coating that matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 8. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 6, wherein the light transmitting plastic element comprises a material that matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 9. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is flush with an edge of indicia surface at and around the passageway. 10. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein a lens optic of the lens assembly has an outward-facing surface having a curvature that corresponds with the curvature of the light transmitting plastic element at the passageway. 11. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the lens assembly comprises a wide-angle lens assembly. 12. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the lens assembly has at least a 130 degree field of view. 13. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the vehicle camera is positioned relative to the vehicle indicia element to horizontally align the lens assembly when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle. 14. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, further comprising a camera controller operable to adjust image data captured by the vehicle camera to compensate for optical distortion. 15. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 14, wherein the camera controller is operable to adjust image data captured by the vehicle camera to compensate for optical distortion below the horizontal. 16. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera comprises a housing and wherein the housing and the attaching surface are configured to mount the vehicle indicia assembly at a body portion of the vehicle. 17. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera is mounted to the vehicle indicia element and wherein the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at a vehicle as a unit. 18. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the indicia surface includes a graphical portion and a background portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion is at the background portion. 19. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera has a vertical field of view at least 125 degrees. 20. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the indicia established at the indicia surface is representative of at least one of a vehicle emblem, a vehicle manufacturer logo, a vehicle manufacturer name, a vehicle manufacturer identifier, a vehicle model logo, a vehicle model name, a vehicle model identifier and a vehicle model brand. 21. A vehicle indicia assembly suitable for use on a vehicle, the vehicle indicia assembly comprising:
a vehicle indicia element, the vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat, the indicia representative of at least one of a vehicle emblem, a vehicle manufacturer logo, a vehicle manufacturer name, a vehicle manufacturer identifier, a vehicle model logo, a vehicle model name, a vehicle model identifier and a vehicle model brand, wherein the vehicle indicia element has an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface; wherein the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be fixedly mounted at a vehicle so that, when the vehicle indicia element is fixedly mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface faces outwards away from the vehicle; wherein the vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with the indicia surface around the light transmitting portion; wherein the indicia surface includes a graphical portion and a background portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion is at the background portion; a vehicle camera fixedly disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element to establish a modular vehicle indicia assembly, wherein the vehicle camera is fixedly positioned at the vehicle indicia element so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data; and wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is fixedly mounted at the vehicle as a unit, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 22. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 21, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway through the vehicle indicia element, and wherein the light transmitting portion is disposed at the passageway, and wherein a lens of the vehicle camera is at least partially received in the passageway. 23. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 21, wherein the light transmitting plastic element comprises a material that transmits light therethrough. 24. A method of mounting a vehicle indicia assembly at a vehicle, the method comprising:
mounting a vehicle camera at a vehicle indicia element to form a modular vehicle indicia assembly, the vehicle camera positioned at and behind a light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element when mounted thereat, wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with an indicia surface of the vehicle indicia element around the light transmitting portion; and mounting the vehicle indicia assembly at a vehicle as a unit, wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface of the vehicle indicia element faces outwards from the vehicle and the vehicle camera also faces outwards and views through the light transmitting portion to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein mounting the vehicle indicia assembly at the vehicle comprises mounting a housing of the vehicle camera at a body of the vehicle. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway through the vehicle indicia element, and wherein the light transmitting portion is disposed at the passageway. | A vehicle indicia assembly includes a vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat and having an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface. The attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be mounted at a vehicle with the indicia surface facing outwards away from the vehicle. The vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion. A vehicle camera is disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element. The vehicle camera is positioned at the vehicle indicia element so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data. When the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at a vehicle, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle.1. A vehicle indicia assembly suitable for use on a vehicle, the vehicle indicia assembly comprising:
a vehicle indicia element, the vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat, wherein the vehicle indicia element has an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface; wherein the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be mounted at a vehicle so that, when the vehicle indicia element is mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface faces outwards away from the vehicle; wherein the vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with the indicia surface around the light transmitting portion; a vehicle camera disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element, wherein the vehicle camera is positioned at the vehicle indicia element and behind the light transmitting portion so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data; and wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 2. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element is disposed at a passageway through the vehicle indicia element. 3. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway that extends partially through the vehicle indicia element and wherein the passageway does not extend through the indicia surface. 4. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera has a lens assembly and wherein the lens assembly is disposed at and behind the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element. 5. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 4, wherein the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element is disposed at a passageway through the vehicle indicia element and wherein the lens assembly is received at least partially through the passageway. 6. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is disposed at an outer end of the lens assembly of the vehicle camera and matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 7. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 6, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is at least partially coated with a coating that matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 8. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 6, wherein the light transmitting plastic element comprises a material that matches the indicia surface at and around the passageway. 9. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein the light transmitting plastic element is flush with an edge of indicia surface at and around the passageway. 10. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 5, wherein a lens optic of the lens assembly has an outward-facing surface having a curvature that corresponds with the curvature of the light transmitting plastic element at the passageway. 11. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the lens assembly comprises a wide-angle lens assembly. 12. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the lens assembly has at least a 130 degree field of view. 13. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 10, wherein the vehicle camera is positioned relative to the vehicle indicia element to horizontally align the lens assembly when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle. 14. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, further comprising a camera controller operable to adjust image data captured by the vehicle camera to compensate for optical distortion. 15. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 14, wherein the camera controller is operable to adjust image data captured by the vehicle camera to compensate for optical distortion below the horizontal. 16. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera comprises a housing and wherein the housing and the attaching surface are configured to mount the vehicle indicia assembly at a body portion of the vehicle. 17. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera is mounted to the vehicle indicia element and wherein the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at a vehicle as a unit. 18. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the indicia surface includes a graphical portion and a background portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion is at the background portion. 19. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the vehicle camera has a vertical field of view at least 125 degrees. 20. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 1, wherein the indicia established at the indicia surface is representative of at least one of a vehicle emblem, a vehicle manufacturer logo, a vehicle manufacturer name, a vehicle manufacturer identifier, a vehicle model logo, a vehicle model name, a vehicle model identifier and a vehicle model brand. 21. A vehicle indicia assembly suitable for use on a vehicle, the vehicle indicia assembly comprising:
a vehicle indicia element, the vehicle indicia element having an indicia surface with indicia established thereat, the indicia representative of at least one of a vehicle emblem, a vehicle manufacturer logo, a vehicle manufacturer name, a vehicle manufacturer identifier, a vehicle model logo, a vehicle model name, a vehicle model identifier and a vehicle model brand, wherein the vehicle indicia element has an attaching surface opposite the indicia surface; wherein the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element is configured to be fixedly mounted at a vehicle so that, when the vehicle indicia element is fixedly mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface faces outwards away from the vehicle; wherein the vehicle indicia element has a light transmitting portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with the indicia surface around the light transmitting portion; wherein the indicia surface includes a graphical portion and a background portion, and wherein the light transmitting portion is at the background portion; a vehicle camera fixedly disposed at the attaching surface of the vehicle indicia element to establish a modular vehicle indicia assembly, wherein the vehicle camera is fixedly positioned at the vehicle indicia element so that the vehicle camera views through the light transmitting portion and is operable to capture image data; and wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is fixedly mounted at the vehicle as a unit, the vehicle camera is disposed at the vehicle and views through the light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element and is operable to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 22. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 21, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway through the vehicle indicia element, and wherein the light transmitting portion is disposed at the passageway, and wherein a lens of the vehicle camera is at least partially received in the passageway. 23. The vehicle indicia assembly of claim 21, wherein the light transmitting plastic element comprises a material that transmits light therethrough. 24. A method of mounting a vehicle indicia assembly at a vehicle, the method comprising:
mounting a vehicle camera at a vehicle indicia element to form a modular vehicle indicia assembly, the vehicle camera positioned at and behind a light transmitting portion of the vehicle indicia element when mounted thereat, wherein the light transmitting portion comprises a light transmitting plastic element having an outer surface curvature that corresponds with an indicia surface of the vehicle indicia element around the light transmitting portion; and mounting the vehicle indicia assembly at a vehicle as a unit, wherein, when the vehicle indicia assembly is mounted at the vehicle, the indicia surface of the vehicle indicia element faces outwards from the vehicle and the vehicle camera also faces outwards and views through the light transmitting portion to capture image data representative of a scene exterior the vehicle. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein mounting the vehicle indicia assembly at the vehicle comprises mounting a housing of the vehicle camera at a body of the vehicle. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the vehicle indicia element comprises a passageway through the vehicle indicia element, and wherein the light transmitting portion is disposed at the passageway. | 2,400 |
8,462 | 8,462 | 14,031,918 | 2,416 | A method of operating a mesh network is disclosed (FIG. 6 ). The method includes receiving a data frame ( 600 ) having a header with plural addresses (FIG. 1 ) and determining that the data frame is not from an access point or a leaf node ( 602 ) of the mesh network. A next recipient address of the plural addresses is removed ( 610 ) when the next recipient is a final destination. The next recipient address is set ( 612 ) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination. The data frame is transmitted ( 614 ) to the next recipient. | 1. A method of operating a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; b) determining if the data frame source is one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; c) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (b) when the next recipient of the mesh is not a final destination; and d) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 3. A method as in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
e) determining if the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; f) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (e) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; and g) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 4. A method as in claim 3, comprising the step of:
h) removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination. 5. A method as in claim 3, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 6. A method as in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
i) determining that the data frame is from a relay node (RN); j) determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; k) determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and l) setting a new HN for the. RN in response to the steps of determining. 7. A method of operating a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; determining that the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; and transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 8. A method as in claim 7, comprising removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination. 9. A method as in claim 7, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 10. A method as in claim 7, comprising the steps of:
determining that the data frame is from a relay node (RN); determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and setting a new HN for the RN in response to the steps of determining. 11. A method of operating first wireless transceiver of a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a basic service set (BSS) list of wireless transceivers from the mesh network; b) determining if an access point (AP) is detected; c) selecting a second wireless transceiver having a lowest hop number (HN) and a greatest received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the BSS list if an AP is not detected at step (b); and d) setting a HN of the first wireless transceiver to the lowest HN plus one. 12. A method as in claim 11, comprising the step of:
e) sorting the BSS list by HN and RSSI before the step of selecting. 13. A method as in claim 11, comprising the step of:
g) connecting to the AP in response to step (b) if an AP is detected. 14. A method as in claim 11, wherein the AP has a HN=0. 15. A method of operating wireless node of a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; b) determining if the data frame is from a relay node (RN) of the mesh network; c) determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; d) determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and e) setting a new HN for the RN in response to the steps of determining. 16. A method as in claim 18, comprising the step of:
f) determining if the data frame is from a source served by the wireless node; and g) ignoring the data frame in response to step (f) if the source is not served by the wireless node. 17. A method as in claim 19, comprising the steps of:
h) determining if the data frame source is one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network in response to step (f) when the source is served by the wireless node; i) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (h) when the next recipient of the mesh is not a final destination; j) determining if the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; k) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (j) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; l) removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination; and m) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. | A method of operating a mesh network is disclosed (FIG. 6 ). The method includes receiving a data frame ( 600 ) having a header with plural addresses (FIG. 1 ) and determining that the data frame is not from an access point or a leaf node ( 602 ) of the mesh network. A next recipient address of the plural addresses is removed ( 610 ) when the next recipient is a final destination. The next recipient address is set ( 612 ) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination. The data frame is transmitted ( 614 ) to the next recipient.1. A method of operating a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; b) determining if the data frame source is one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; c) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (b) when the next recipient of the mesh is not a final destination; and d) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 3. A method as in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
e) determining if the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; f) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (e) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; and g) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 4. A method as in claim 3, comprising the step of:
h) removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination. 5. A method as in claim 3, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 6. A method as in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
i) determining that the data frame is from a relay node (RN); j) determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; k) determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and l) setting a new HN for the. RN in response to the steps of determining. 7. A method of operating a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; determining that the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; and transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. 8. A method as in claim 7, comprising removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination. 9. A method as in claim 7, wherein the next address comprises a fourth address of the plural addresses. 10. A method as in claim 7, comprising the steps of:
determining that the data frame is from a relay node (RN); determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and setting a new HN for the RN in response to the steps of determining. 11. A method of operating first wireless transceiver of a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a basic service set (BSS) list of wireless transceivers from the mesh network; b) determining if an access point (AP) is detected; c) selecting a second wireless transceiver having a lowest hop number (HN) and a greatest received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the BSS list if an AP is not detected at step (b); and d) setting a HN of the first wireless transceiver to the lowest HN plus one. 12. A method as in claim 11, comprising the step of:
e) sorting the BSS list by HN and RSSI before the step of selecting. 13. A method as in claim 11, comprising the step of:
g) connecting to the AP in response to step (b) if an AP is detected. 14. A method as in claim 11, wherein the AP has a HN=0. 15. A method of operating wireless node of a mesh network, comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a data frame having a header with plural addresses; b) determining if the data frame is from a relay node (RN) of the mesh network; c) determining that a hop number (HN) of the RN is not greater than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is downstream from the wireless node; d) determining that a HN of the RN is not less than a HN of the wireless node when the RN is upstream from the wireless node; and e) setting a new HN for the RN in response to the steps of determining. 16. A method as in claim 18, comprising the step of:
f) determining if the data frame is from a source served by the wireless node; and g) ignoring the data frame in response to step (f) if the source is not served by the wireless node. 17. A method as in claim 19, comprising the steps of:
h) determining if the data frame source is one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network in response to step (f) when the source is served by the wireless node; i) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (h) when the next recipient of the mesh is not a final destination; j) determining if the data frame source is not one of an access point (AP) and a leaf node (LN) of the mesh network; k) setting a next address of the plural addresses to point to a next recipient in response to step (j) when the next recipient of the data frame is not a final destination; l) removing a next address of a next recipient from the plural addresses when the next recipient of the data frame is a final destination; and m) transmitting the data frame to the next recipient. | 2,400 |
8,463 | 8,463 | 15,362,788 | 2,419 | Application resource usage reduction can be accomplished by reducing an application's attempts at uploading content (and calls to a network interface) when there is a fail state at the device. The application can carry out this reduction by managing an upload queue, including pausing and un-pausing the upload queue based on failure states identified to the system before or after an attempt is made to upload content. For example, outside of the upload process, the application can detect network connection changes such that at any time the application detects a loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to a paused state where no upload attempt would be performed, even if new content is indicated at the upload queue. | 1. A method of reducing resource usage by an application running on a computing device, the method comprising:
managing, at the computing device, an upload queue for transmitting content received at the computing device to a cloud service; checking a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, performing, at the computing device, an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detecting network connection changes of a loss of network connection and an availability of the network connection, wherein in response to detecting the loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting new content; in response to detecting the new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicating with an operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
receiving a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a network connection error. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising registering with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a network connection change;
wherein detecting network changes comprises receiving a notification of the network connection change. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein managing the upload queue comprises:
in response to detecting new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to detecting the availability of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the un-paused state. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the content comprises at least one of a photograph, a screenshot, and a saved file. 8. A system comprising:
a processing system; one or more computer readable storage media; and an upload queue stored on the one or more computer readable storage media; an operating system stored on the one or more computer readable storage media; an application embodied in program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media that, when executed by the processing system, direct the processing system to at least: manage the upload queue for transmitting content to a cloud service; check a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, perform an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detect state changes of a fail state and a successful state, wherein in response to detecting the fail state, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media further direct the processing system to:
in response to detecting new content, indicate the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicate with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to detect the state changes of the fail state and the successful state, direct the processing system to at least:
receive a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a known error. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to detect the state changes of the fail state and the successful state, direct the processing system to at least:
register with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a state change; and receive a notification of the state change. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to manage the upload queue, direct the processing system to at least:
in response to detecting new content, indicate the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein in response to detecting the successful state, the upload queue is set to an un-paused state. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the content comprises at least one of a photograph, a screenshot, and a saved file. 15. One or more computer readable storage media having an application stored thereon that when executed by a processing system, directs the processing system to perform the method comprising:
managing, at the computing device, an upload queue for transmitting content received at the computing device to a cloud service; checking a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, performing, at the computing device, an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detecting network connection changes of a loss of network connection and an availability of the network connection, wherein in response to detecting the loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 16. The media of claim 15, further comprising:
detecting new content; in response to detecting the new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicating with an operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 17. The media of claim 15, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
receiving a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a network connection error. 18. The media of claim 15, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
registering with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a network connection change; and receiving notification of a network connection change. 19. The media of claim 15, wherein managing the upload queue comprises:
in response to detecting new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 20. The media of claim 15, wherein in response to detecting the availability of the network connection, the upload queue is set to an un-paused state. | Application resource usage reduction can be accomplished by reducing an application's attempts at uploading content (and calls to a network interface) when there is a fail state at the device. The application can carry out this reduction by managing an upload queue, including pausing and un-pausing the upload queue based on failure states identified to the system before or after an attempt is made to upload content. For example, outside of the upload process, the application can detect network connection changes such that at any time the application detects a loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to a paused state where no upload attempt would be performed, even if new content is indicated at the upload queue.1. A method of reducing resource usage by an application running on a computing device, the method comprising:
managing, at the computing device, an upload queue for transmitting content received at the computing device to a cloud service; checking a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, performing, at the computing device, an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detecting network connection changes of a loss of network connection and an availability of the network connection, wherein in response to detecting the loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting new content; in response to detecting the new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicating with an operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
receiving a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a network connection error. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising registering with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a network connection change;
wherein detecting network changes comprises receiving a notification of the network connection change. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein managing the upload queue comprises:
in response to detecting new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein in response to detecting the availability of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the un-paused state. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the content comprises at least one of a photograph, a screenshot, and a saved file. 8. A system comprising:
a processing system; one or more computer readable storage media; and an upload queue stored on the one or more computer readable storage media; an operating system stored on the one or more computer readable storage media; an application embodied in program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media that, when executed by the processing system, direct the processing system to at least: manage the upload queue for transmitting content to a cloud service; check a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, perform an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detect state changes of a fail state and a successful state, wherein in response to detecting the fail state, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the program instructions stored on the one or more computer readable storage media further direct the processing system to:
in response to detecting new content, indicate the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicate with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to detect the state changes of the fail state and the successful state, direct the processing system to at least:
receive a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a known error. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to detect the state changes of the fail state and the successful state, direct the processing system to at least:
register with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a state change; and receive a notification of the state change. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions that direct the processing system to manage the upload queue, direct the processing system to at least:
in response to detecting new content, indicate the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein in response to detecting the successful state, the upload queue is set to an un-paused state. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the content comprises at least one of a photograph, a screenshot, and a saved file. 15. One or more computer readable storage media having an application stored thereon that when executed by a processing system, directs the processing system to perform the method comprising:
managing, at the computing device, an upload queue for transmitting content received at the computing device to a cloud service; checking a state of the upload queue, including whether the upload queue is indicated to be in an un-paused state or a paused state; after checking the state of the upload queue and while the upload queue is indicated to be in the un-paused state, performing, at the computing device, an upload process by transmitting content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service using a network resource of the computing device; and detecting network connection changes of a loss of network connection and an availability of the network connection, wherein in response to detecting the loss of the network connection, the upload queue is set to the paused state. 16. The media of claim 15, further comprising:
detecting new content; in response to detecting the new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; if the upload queue is in the paused state, not communicating with an operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service; and if the upload queue is in an un-paused state, communicating with the operating system to transmit the new content to the cloud service. 17. The media of claim 15, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
receiving a failure indication of a failure to transmit the content indicated as new in the upload queue to the cloud service, wherein the failure indication indicates a network connection error. 18. The media of claim 15, wherein detecting network changes comprises:
registering with the operating system to receive a trigger notifying of a network connection change; and receiving notification of a network connection change. 19. The media of claim 15, wherein managing the upload queue comprises:
in response to detecting new content, indicating the new content as new in the upload queue; and if the new content successfully transmits to the cloud service, indicate the new content as sent in the upload queue. 20. The media of claim 15, wherein in response to detecting the availability of the network connection, the upload queue is set to an un-paused state. | 2,400 |
8,464 | 8,464 | 12,977,742 | 2,423 | Two-way digital media devices typically store digital identifying data that identify the user to providers of content and interactive data. In the case of a Web browser of a personal computer, the digital identity is stored in the form of a plurality of cookies that are used by respective web sites to personalize the web site experience for each particular user. When a user is at a different computer, the digital identifying data is not available. In addition, other types of interactive devices, such as CATV settop boxes, cell phones, PDAs and the like, may not have enough non-volatile memory (persistent storage) to store the digital identifying data. In order to provide users with a portable digital identity, a digital identity server is provided as a server node on the Internet, which retrieves digital identifying data and downloads such digital identifying data to any device upon request. In such manner, the user's digital identity is portable and available at any computer or other digital device that is being used. The system digital identity server permits devices without sufficient non-volatile memory storage to download a digital identity for temporary storage in volatile memory, thereby providing a digital identity in devices without non-volatile memory. | 1. A method comprising:
processing, by a remote communication device, user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service by the remote communication device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the service is a premium television channel accessible by the home communication device. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising communicating capability information of the remote communication device to the digital identity server. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising processing the digital identity to configure operation of the remote communication device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the remote communication device based on settings of the home communication device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote communication device comprises a personal computer and the home communication device comprises a television or set top box. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the remote communication device to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. 8. A computer readable storage device storing software that, when executed, causes an apparatus at least to perform:
processing user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service. 9. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the service is a premium television channel. 10. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to communicate capability information to the digital identity server. 11. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to process the digital identity to configure operation of the apparatus. 12. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the apparatus based on settings of the home communication device. 13. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the apparatus to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. 14. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing software that, when executed, causes the apparatus at least to perform: processing user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the service is a premium television channel. 16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to communicate capability information to the digital identity server. 17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to process the digital identity to configure operation of the apparatus. 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the apparatus based on settings of the home communication device. 19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises a personal computer and the home communication device comprises a television or set top box. 20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the apparatus to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. | Two-way digital media devices typically store digital identifying data that identify the user to providers of content and interactive data. In the case of a Web browser of a personal computer, the digital identity is stored in the form of a plurality of cookies that are used by respective web sites to personalize the web site experience for each particular user. When a user is at a different computer, the digital identifying data is not available. In addition, other types of interactive devices, such as CATV settop boxes, cell phones, PDAs and the like, may not have enough non-volatile memory (persistent storage) to store the digital identifying data. In order to provide users with a portable digital identity, a digital identity server is provided as a server node on the Internet, which retrieves digital identifying data and downloads such digital identifying data to any device upon request. In such manner, the user's digital identity is portable and available at any computer or other digital device that is being used. The system digital identity server permits devices without sufficient non-volatile memory storage to download a digital identity for temporary storage in volatile memory, thereby providing a digital identity in devices without non-volatile memory.1. A method comprising:
processing, by a remote communication device, user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service by the remote communication device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the service is a premium television channel accessible by the home communication device. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising communicating capability information of the remote communication device to the digital identity server. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising processing the digital identity to configure operation of the remote communication device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the remote communication device based on settings of the home communication device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the remote communication device comprises a personal computer and the home communication device comprises a television or set top box. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the remote communication device to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. 8. A computer readable storage device storing software that, when executed, causes an apparatus at least to perform:
processing user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service. 9. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the service is a premium television channel. 10. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to communicate capability information to the digital identity server. 11. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to process the digital identity to configure operation of the apparatus. 12. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the apparatus based on settings of the home communication device. 13. The computer readable storage device of claim 8, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the apparatus to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. 14. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing software that, when executed, causes the apparatus at least to perform: processing user identification information; communicating the user identification information to a digital identity server; receiving, from the digital identity server, a digital identity associated with the user identification information, the digital identity identifying a service authorized for presentation by a home communication device; and enabling presentation of the service. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the service is a premium television channel. 16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to communicate capability information to the digital identity server. 17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the software, when executed, causes the apparatus to process the digital identity to configure operation of the apparatus. 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the digital identity comprises software settings to configure operation of the apparatus based on settings of the home communication device. 19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises a personal computer and the home communication device comprises a television or set top box. 20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the digital identity comprises a video pause point identifying a point at which a video program was paused using the home communication device to permit the apparatus to resume presentation of the video program from the video pause point. | 2,400 |
8,465 | 8,465 | 14,470,530 | 2,434 | Aspects of the invention relate to systems and methods for securely retaining profile data and the use of such data for the targeted delivery of content. In one embodiment, a unique profile that represents the user location and is keyed to profile attributes selected from both a first set of data collected from the user location and the second set of profile data collected from an external source, is generated. The key does not allow a third party to identify the end-user location or a user associated with the end-user location. Electronic content transmitted to end-user locations may be encoded such that it may only be accessed by an authorized user and/or on a specific electronic device at the user location. A graphical user interface may be utilized to allow a third-party to provide selection criteria for determining user locations to receive targeted content. Further aspects of the invention relate to an electronic device configured to present targeted content to a user at a user location. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving a token at an electronic device having a unique identifier associated with a plurality of profile attributes based upon known profile information relating to a user of the electronic device according to a set of encoding rules; transmitting a confirmation of receiving the token at the electronic device; receiving electronic content comprising a plurality of portions, wherein the electronic content is configured to communicate with an application programming interface by use of the unique identifier and is configured to not have access to the encoding rules; and configuring the electronic device to provide a specific portion of the electronic content based upon the encoded rules in the token. | Aspects of the invention relate to systems and methods for securely retaining profile data and the use of such data for the targeted delivery of content. In one embodiment, a unique profile that represents the user location and is keyed to profile attributes selected from both a first set of data collected from the user location and the second set of profile data collected from an external source, is generated. The key does not allow a third party to identify the end-user location or a user associated with the end-user location. Electronic content transmitted to end-user locations may be encoded such that it may only be accessed by an authorized user and/or on a specific electronic device at the user location. A graphical user interface may be utilized to allow a third-party to provide selection criteria for determining user locations to receive targeted content. Further aspects of the invention relate to an electronic device configured to present targeted content to a user at a user location.1. A method comprising:
receiving a token at an electronic device having a unique identifier associated with a plurality of profile attributes based upon known profile information relating to a user of the electronic device according to a set of encoding rules; transmitting a confirmation of receiving the token at the electronic device; receiving electronic content comprising a plurality of portions, wherein the electronic content is configured to communicate with an application programming interface by use of the unique identifier and is configured to not have access to the encoding rules; and configuring the electronic device to provide a specific portion of the electronic content based upon the encoded rules in the token. | 2,400 |
8,466 | 8,466 | 15,346,358 | 2,437 | A malware and exploit campaign detection system and method are provided that cannot be detected by the malware or exploit campaign. The system may provide threat feed data to the vendors that produce in-line network security and end point protection (anti virus) technologies. The system may also be used as a testing platform for 3 rd party products. Due to the massive footprint of the system's cloud infrastructure and disparate network connections and geo-location obfuscation techniques, NSS can locate and monitor malware across the globe and provide detailed threat analysis for each specific region, as they often support and host different malware/cybercrime campaigns. | 1. A malware and exploit campaign detection system, comprising:
a plurality of computer systems; a capture stack, implemented on the computer system, that is configured to identify a plurality of malicious uniform resource locators that each have a piece of malicious code; a replay stack, implemented on the computer systems, that is configured to test each piece of malicious code from the capture stack in a live environment using a victim by accessing the malicious uniform resource locator and to generate data about the replay of each piece of malicious code, each victim having a configuration of an operating system, a browser and at least one application that is exploitable by an exploit; and wherein the capture stack has a scout process that gathers the plurality of malicious uniform resource locators and that sends each malicious uniform resource locator to a particular victim of the replay stack. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the scout process defines a first tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of an operating system, a browser and one or more applications that are targeted by an exploit, each first tier victim testing the uniform resource locators assigned to that first tier victim to identify a plurality of first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each first level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the combination of the operating system, the browser and the one or more applications on the first tier victims. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the scout process defines a second tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of an operating system, a browser and one application that are targeted by an exploit, each second tier victim testing a first level malicious uniform resource locator identified by the first tier to identify a plurality of second level malicious uniform resource locators from the first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each second level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the one application. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the scout process defines a third tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of the same operating system and browser as the second tier victim that identified the second level malicious uniform resource locator and a different version of the application of the second tier victim, each third tier victim testing a second level malicious uniform resource locator identified by the second tier to identify a plurality of third level malicious uniform resource locators from the second level malicious uniform resource locators wherein each third level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the different version of the application. 5. The system of claim 1 further comprising a proxy stack that is configured to perform testing of the piece of malicious code without accessing the uniform resource locator and a master hypervisor controller that controls the capture stack, the replay stack and the proxy stack. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the capture stack, the replay stack and the proxy stack run in parallel. 7. The system of claim 5 further comprising a zero day module that identifies zero day attacks. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the capture stack is configured to create a copy of the piece of malicious code and catalogs operating system changes caused by the piece of malicious code. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the capture stack is configured to capture communications with the plurality of computer systems. 10. The system of claim 5, wherein each stack is one or more server computers. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein each stack has a virtual machine. 12. A method for malware and exploit campaign detection, comprising:
identifying a plurality of malicious uniform resource locators wherein each malicious uniform resource locator contains a piece of malicious code; sending each of the plurality of malicious uniform resource locator to each of a plurality of victims, each victim having a configuration with an operating system, a browser and at least one application that are exploitable by an exploit of a malicious uniform resource locator; testing, at each victim, each of the plurality of malicious uniform resource locators in a live environment; and generating data about the replay of the malicious uniform resource locator and the piece of malicious code. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a first tier victim that has a combination of an operating system, a browser and one or more applications that are targeted by an exploit and identifying a plurality of first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each first level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the combination of the operating system, the browser and the one or more applications on the first tier victims. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a second tier victim that has a combination of an operating system, a browser and one application that are targeted by an exploit and identifying a plurality of second level malicious uniform resource locators from the first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each second level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the one application of the second tier victim. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a third tier victim that has a combination of the same operating system and browser as the second tier victims and a different version of the application of the second tier victim and identifying a plurality of third level malicious uniform resource locators from the second level malicious uniform resource locators wherein each third level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the different version of the application of the third tier victim. 16. The method of claim 12 further comprising performing testing of the piece of malicious code without accessing the uniform resource locator. 17. The method of claim 16 further comprising identifying a zero day attack. 18. The method of claim 12 further comprising creating a copy of the piece of malicious code and cataloging operating system changes caused by the piece of malicious code. 19. The method of claim 12 further comprising capturing communications with the plurality of computer systems. | A malware and exploit campaign detection system and method are provided that cannot be detected by the malware or exploit campaign. The system may provide threat feed data to the vendors that produce in-line network security and end point protection (anti virus) technologies. The system may also be used as a testing platform for 3 rd party products. Due to the massive footprint of the system's cloud infrastructure and disparate network connections and geo-location obfuscation techniques, NSS can locate and monitor malware across the globe and provide detailed threat analysis for each specific region, as they often support and host different malware/cybercrime campaigns.1. A malware and exploit campaign detection system, comprising:
a plurality of computer systems; a capture stack, implemented on the computer system, that is configured to identify a plurality of malicious uniform resource locators that each have a piece of malicious code; a replay stack, implemented on the computer systems, that is configured to test each piece of malicious code from the capture stack in a live environment using a victim by accessing the malicious uniform resource locator and to generate data about the replay of each piece of malicious code, each victim having a configuration of an operating system, a browser and at least one application that is exploitable by an exploit; and wherein the capture stack has a scout process that gathers the plurality of malicious uniform resource locators and that sends each malicious uniform resource locator to a particular victim of the replay stack. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the scout process defines a first tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of an operating system, a browser and one or more applications that are targeted by an exploit, each first tier victim testing the uniform resource locators assigned to that first tier victim to identify a plurality of first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each first level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the combination of the operating system, the browser and the one or more applications on the first tier victims. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the scout process defines a second tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of an operating system, a browser and one application that are targeted by an exploit, each second tier victim testing a first level malicious uniform resource locator identified by the first tier to identify a plurality of second level malicious uniform resource locators from the first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each second level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the one application. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the scout process defines a third tier comprising a set of victims of the replay stack with each victim having a combination of the same operating system and browser as the second tier victim that identified the second level malicious uniform resource locator and a different version of the application of the second tier victim, each third tier victim testing a second level malicious uniform resource locator identified by the second tier to identify a plurality of third level malicious uniform resource locators from the second level malicious uniform resource locators wherein each third level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the different version of the application. 5. The system of claim 1 further comprising a proxy stack that is configured to perform testing of the piece of malicious code without accessing the uniform resource locator and a master hypervisor controller that controls the capture stack, the replay stack and the proxy stack. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the capture stack, the replay stack and the proxy stack run in parallel. 7. The system of claim 5 further comprising a zero day module that identifies zero day attacks. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the capture stack is configured to create a copy of the piece of malicious code and catalogs operating system changes caused by the piece of malicious code. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the capture stack is configured to capture communications with the plurality of computer systems. 10. The system of claim 5, wherein each stack is one or more server computers. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein each stack has a virtual machine. 12. A method for malware and exploit campaign detection, comprising:
identifying a plurality of malicious uniform resource locators wherein each malicious uniform resource locator contains a piece of malicious code; sending each of the plurality of malicious uniform resource locator to each of a plurality of victims, each victim having a configuration with an operating system, a browser and at least one application that are exploitable by an exploit of a malicious uniform resource locator; testing, at each victim, each of the plurality of malicious uniform resource locators in a live environment; and generating data about the replay of the malicious uniform resource locator and the piece of malicious code. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a first tier victim that has a combination of an operating system, a browser and one or more applications that are targeted by an exploit and identifying a plurality of first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each first level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the combination of the operating system, the browser and the one or more applications on the first tier victims. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a second tier victim that has a combination of an operating system, a browser and one application that are targeted by an exploit and identifying a plurality of second level malicious uniform resource locators from the first level malicious uniform resource locators, wherein each second level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the one application of the second tier victim. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein testing the plurality of uniform resource locators further comprises accessing each uniform resource locator using a third tier victim that has a combination of the same operating system and browser as the second tier victims and a different version of the application of the second tier victim and identifying a plurality of third level malicious uniform resource locators from the second level malicious uniform resource locators wherein each third level malicious uniform resource locator exploits the different version of the application of the third tier victim. 16. The method of claim 12 further comprising performing testing of the piece of malicious code without accessing the uniform resource locator. 17. The method of claim 16 further comprising identifying a zero day attack. 18. The method of claim 12 further comprising creating a copy of the piece of malicious code and cataloging operating system changes caused by the piece of malicious code. 19. The method of claim 12 further comprising capturing communications with the plurality of computer systems. | 2,400 |
8,467 | 8,467 | 15,414,220 | 2,424 | Methods and systems for accessing content are provided. A non-tunable device (e.g., a device without the capability to tune to a particular channel) can access a particular channel via a tunable device (e.g., a device with the capability to tune to the particular channel). A computing device can facilitate content tuning. In an aspect, the non-tunable device can transmit a request for content to the computing device. The request for content can comprise a title of the content, a type of content, channel information, and the like. Upon receiving the request for content, the computing device can determine the characteristics of the non-tunable device such as device type, device capabilities, location, and identify all the tunable devices capable of communicating with the non-tunable device. Entitlement information can be provided to the one or more tunable devices. The entitlement information can facilitate access to the requested content by the non-tunable device. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving a request for content, the request comprising user information; determining one or more tunable devices associated with the user information; and providing entitlement information to the one or more tunable devices, wherein the entitlement information facilitates access to content by a source of the request for content. | Methods and systems for accessing content are provided. A non-tunable device (e.g., a device without the capability to tune to a particular channel) can access a particular channel via a tunable device (e.g., a device with the capability to tune to the particular channel). A computing device can facilitate content tuning. In an aspect, the non-tunable device can transmit a request for content to the computing device. The request for content can comprise a title of the content, a type of content, channel information, and the like. Upon receiving the request for content, the computing device can determine the characteristics of the non-tunable device such as device type, device capabilities, location, and identify all the tunable devices capable of communicating with the non-tunable device. Entitlement information can be provided to the one or more tunable devices. The entitlement information can facilitate access to the requested content by the non-tunable device.1. A method comprising:
receiving a request for content, the request comprising user information; determining one or more tunable devices associated with the user information; and providing entitlement information to the one or more tunable devices, wherein the entitlement information facilitates access to content by a source of the request for content. | 2,400 |
8,468 | 8,468 | 15,386,532 | 2,458 | Techniques for generating and rendering analytics data from system management data collected for multiple service domains are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, performance metrics from multiple service domains are monitored. The services domains are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, with each of the service domains including a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain. The monitoring of performance metrics may include displaying a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity. In response to a selection of the displayed metric object, a performance correlation is determined between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity. The performance correlation is based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity. An analytics object is displayed that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. | 1. A method for rendering system management data, said method comprising:
monitoring performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein said monitoring includes displaying a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determining a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
displaying an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining a performance correlation comprises identifying relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
correlating performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determining, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein said displaying an analytics object comprises displaying the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said displaying an analytics object further comprises displaying the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising assigning a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein said displaying the correlated performance metric data further comprises, for each of the first and second service domains, displaying one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
for each of the service domains, recording performance metric data for target system entities within the service domain in a respective performance log; and in response to the selection of the displayed metric object, generating the analytics information from performance metric data within at least two of the performance logs. 8. One or more non-transitory machine-readable storage media comprising program code for rendering system management data, the program code to:
monitor performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein the program code to monitor performance metrics includes program code to display a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determine a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
display an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 9. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code to determine a performance correlation further includes program code to identify relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 10. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code further comprises program code to:
correlate performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determine, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein the program code to display an analytics object comprises program code to display the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 11. The machine-readable storage media of claim 10, wherein the program code to display an analytics object further includes program code to display the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 12. The machine-readable storage media of claim 10, wherein the program code further includes program code to assign a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein the program code to display the correlated performance metric data further includes program code that, for each of the first and second service domains, displays one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 13. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. 14. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code further includes program code to:
for each of the service domains, record performance metric data for target system entities within the service domain in a respective performance log; and in response to the selection of the displayed metric object, generate the analytics information from performance metric data within at least two of the performance logs. 15. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a machine-readable medium having program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to,
monitor performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to monitor performance metrics further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and
in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determine a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
display an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to determine a performance correlation includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program code further comprises program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
correlate performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determine, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display an analytics object comprises program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display an analytics object further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the program code further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to assign a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the correlated performance metric data further includes program code that, for each of the first and second service domains, is executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. | Techniques for generating and rendering analytics data from system management data collected for multiple service domains are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, performance metrics from multiple service domains are monitored. The services domains are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, with each of the service domains including a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain. The monitoring of performance metrics may include displaying a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity. In response to a selection of the displayed metric object, a performance correlation is determined between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity. The performance correlation is based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity. An analytics object is displayed that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation.1. A method for rendering system management data, said method comprising:
monitoring performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein said monitoring includes displaying a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determining a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
displaying an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining a performance correlation comprises identifying relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
correlating performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determining, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein said displaying an analytics object comprises displaying the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said displaying an analytics object further comprises displaying the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising assigning a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein said displaying the correlated performance metric data further comprises, for each of the first and second service domains, displaying one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
for each of the service domains, recording performance metric data for target system entities within the service domain in a respective performance log; and in response to the selection of the displayed metric object, generating the analytics information from performance metric data within at least two of the performance logs. 8. One or more non-transitory machine-readable storage media comprising program code for rendering system management data, the program code to:
monitor performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein the program code to monitor performance metrics includes program code to display a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determine a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
display an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 9. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code to determine a performance correlation further includes program code to identify relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 10. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code further comprises program code to:
correlate performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determine, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein the program code to display an analytics object comprises program code to display the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 11. The machine-readable storage media of claim 10, wherein the program code to display an analytics object further includes program code to display the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 12. The machine-readable storage media of claim 10, wherein the program code further includes program code to assign a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein the program code to display the correlated performance metric data further includes program code that, for each of the first and second service domains, displays one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 13. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. 14. The machine-readable storage media of claim 8, wherein the program code further includes program code to:
for each of the service domains, record performance metric data for target system entities within the service domain in a respective performance log; and in response to the selection of the displayed metric object, generate the analytics information from performance metric data within at least two of the performance logs. 15. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a machine-readable medium having program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to,
monitor performance metrics from multiple service domains that are configured within a target system comprising multiple target system entities, wherein each of the service domains includes a set of one or more of the target system entities that are monitored by a respective monitoring system that records performance metric data for the target system entities within the service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to monitor performance metrics further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display a metric object that specifies a first target system entity within a first of the service domains and that indicates a performance metric for the first target system entity; and
in response to a selection of the displayed metric object,
determine a performance correlation between a second target system entity within a second of the service domains and the first target system entity based, at least in part, on the indicated performance metric and a target system association between the first target system entity and the second target system entity; and
display an analytics object that indicates analytics information generated based, at least in part, on the determined performance correlation. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to determine a performance correlation includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify relational table records that associate application target system entities monitored within the first service domain with infrastructure target system entities monitored in the second service domain. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the program code further comprises program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
correlate performance metric data between the first service domain and the second service domain based, at least in part, on,
the determined performance correlation; and
a metric type of the performance metric; and
determine, based on the correlated performance metric data, a sequential relation between performance metric data in the first service domain and performance metric data in the second service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display an analytics object comprises program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the correlated performance metric data sequentially on a common timeline object based, at least in part, on the determined sequential relation. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display an analytics object further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the analytics object based, at least in part, on the correlated performance metric data. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the program code further includes program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to assign a mutually unique visual indicator to each of performance metric data for the first service domain and performance metric data for the second service domain, wherein the program code executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display the correlated performance metric data further includes program code that, for each of the first and second service domains, is executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to display one or more performance data event objects using the assigned visual indicator. 20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein each of the monitoring systems determines and records performance metric data for a corresponding service domain in a respective performance log. | 2,400 |
8,469 | 8,469 | 15,549,597 | 2,469 | Certain aspects of the present disclosure support demodulation reference signal (DMRS) enhancement for higher order multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications. An example method generally includes determining a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs), configuring a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and transmitting DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports. | 1. A method for wireless communications by a base station (BS), comprising:
determining a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs); configuring a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and transmitting DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; the first CDM group and the second CDM group are non-orthogonally multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain; and the first CDM group uses a different scrambling sequence than the second CDM group. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; and orthogonal time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is applied between the first CDM group and the second CDM group 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, and the one or more CDM groups comprise a single CDM group allocated to four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, the one or more CDM groups comprise:
a first CDM group allocated to a first set of tour layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain, and
a second CDM group allocated to a second set of four layers or four ports spanning the four noncontiguous REs in time domain; and
the first CDM group and second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain, wherein the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 6. The method of claim f, further
providing, to the plurality of UEs, an indication about the configured DMRS pattern using radio resource control (RRC) signaling. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the indication comprises:
first data indicating a type of multiplexing used for a first and a second CDM group; and second data indicating a length of the OCC. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
dynamically switching the configured DMRS pattern based on a speed of a user equipment (UE) of the plurality of UEs or capability of the UE to support higher order multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
communicating indication about the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and the number of layers for transmitting the DMRS symbols using L1 control signaling on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
communicating joint indication of the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas using L1 control signaling. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein:
the joint indication comprises one bit for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) rate matching indication and four bits indicating the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 Walsh code indicated by the sequence {a, b, c, d}, and the method further comprises switching, on the frequency domain, between the OCC and another OCC, wherein the other OCC is a cyclic shift version of the length-4 Walsh code. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the other OCC comprises a length-4 Walsh code indicated by the sequence {b, c, d, a}. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
scheduling UEs of the plurality of UEs for a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs) used for transmitting the DMRS symbols; applying the same precoder to the plurality of bundled RBs; and providing, to the co-scheduled UEs, indication about a size of the plurality of bundled RBs. 15. An apparatus for wireless communications by an eNodeB, comprising:
at least one processor configured to:
determine a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs); and
configure a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and
a transceiver configured to:
transmit DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports. 16. A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving, from a base station (BS), a downlink (DL) control signaling indicative of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern; determining, based on the DL control signaling, ports of a multi-dimensional array of antennas and spatial multiplexed layers for DMRS symbols transmission, the ports and the layers being multiplexed in the orthogonal DMRS pattern using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and receiving the DMRS symbols based on the determination. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; the first CDM group and the second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain; and the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; and orthogonal time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is applied between the first CDM group and the second CDM group 19. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, and the one or more CDM groups comprise a single CDM group allocated to four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, the one or more CDM groups comprise:
a first CDM group allocated to a first set of four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain, and
a second CDM group allocated to a second set of four layers or four ports spanning the four noncontiguous REs in time domain; and
the first CDM group and second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain, wherein the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 21. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving an indication about the DMRS pattern via radio resource control (RRC) signaling. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the indication comprises:
first data identifying a type of multiplexing used for a first and a second CDM group; and second data identifying a length of the OCC. 23. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving an indication about the ports of the multi-dimensional array of antennas and the number of layers for transmitting the DMRS symbols using L1 control signaling on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). 24. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving joint indication of the DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of antennas using L1 control signaling. 25. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the joint indication comprises one bit for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) rate matching indication and four bits indicating the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas. 26. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
processing, based on the same bundling boundary for co-scheduled user equipments (UEs), the DMRS symbols received within a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs), wherein the same precoder was used for each port within the plurality of bundled RBs. 27. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
processing, based on a higher layer configured bundling boundary, the DMRS symbols received in a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs), wherein the same precoder was used for each port within the plurality of bundled RBs. 28. An apparatus for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor configured to:
determine, based on DL control signaling, ports of a multi-dimensional array of antennas and spatial multiplexed layers for DMRS symbols transmission, the ports and the layers being multiplexed in the orthogonal DMRS pattern using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and
a transceiver configured to:
receive, from a base station, the downlink (DL) control signaling indicating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern, and
receive the DMRS symbols based on the determination | Certain aspects of the present disclosure support demodulation reference signal (DMRS) enhancement for higher order multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications. An example method generally includes determining a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs), configuring a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and transmitting DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports.1. A method for wireless communications by a base station (BS), comprising:
determining a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs); configuring a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and transmitting DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; the first CDM group and the second CDM group are non-orthogonally multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain; and the first CDM group uses a different scrambling sequence than the second CDM group. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; and orthogonal time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is applied between the first CDM group and the second CDM group 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, and the one or more CDM groups comprise a single CDM group allocated to four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, the one or more CDM groups comprise:
a first CDM group allocated to a first set of tour layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain, and
a second CDM group allocated to a second set of four layers or four ports spanning the four noncontiguous REs in time domain; and
the first CDM group and second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain, wherein the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 6. The method of claim f, further
providing, to the plurality of UEs, an indication about the configured DMRS pattern using radio resource control (RRC) signaling. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the indication comprises:
first data indicating a type of multiplexing used for a first and a second CDM group; and second data indicating a length of the OCC. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
dynamically switching the configured DMRS pattern based on a speed of a user equipment (UE) of the plurality of UEs or capability of the UE to support higher order multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
communicating indication about the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and the number of layers for transmitting the DMRS symbols using L1 control signaling on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
communicating joint indication of the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas using L1 control signaling. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein:
the joint indication comprises one bit for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) rate matching indication and four bits indicating the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 Walsh code indicated by the sequence {a, b, c, d}, and the method further comprises switching, on the frequency domain, between the OCC and another OCC, wherein the other OCC is a cyclic shift version of the length-4 Walsh code. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the other OCC comprises a length-4 Walsh code indicated by the sequence {b, c, d, a}. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
scheduling UEs of the plurality of UEs for a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs) used for transmitting the DMRS symbols; applying the same precoder to the plurality of bundled RBs; and providing, to the co-scheduled UEs, indication about a size of the plurality of bundled RBs. 15. An apparatus for wireless communications by an eNodeB, comprising:
at least one processor configured to:
determine a plurality of ports of a multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas and a number of spatial multiplexed layers for transmission to a plurality of user equipments (UEs); and
configure a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern by multiplexing the layers or the ports in the DMRS pattern, using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and
a transceiver configured to:
transmit DMRS symbols based on the configured DMRS pattern using the multiplexed layers and the ports. 16. A method for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE), comprising:
receiving, from a base station (BS), a downlink (DL) control signaling indicative of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern; determining, based on the DL control signaling, ports of a multi-dimensional array of antennas and spatial multiplexed layers for DMRS symbols transmission, the ports and the layers being multiplexed in the orthogonal DMRS pattern using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and receiving the DMRS symbols based on the determination. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; the first CDM group and the second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain; and the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-2 OCC; the one or more CDM groups comprise a first CDM group allocated to a first pair of layers or a first pair of ports, and a second CDM group allocated to a second pair of layers or a second pair of ports; and orthogonal time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is applied between the first CDM group and the second CDM group 19. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, and the one or more CDM groups comprise a single CDM group allocated to four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the OCC comprises a length-4 OCC, the one or more CDM groups comprise:
a first CDM group allocated to a first set of four layers or four ports spanning four noncontiguous resource elements (REs) in time domain, and
a second CDM group allocated to a second set of four layers or four ports spanning the four noncontiguous REs in time domain; and
the first CDM group and second CDM group are non-orthogonal multiplexed on same resource elements in time and frequency domain, wherein the first CDM group uses a first scrambling sequence and the second CDM group uses a second scrambling sequence. 21. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving an indication about the DMRS pattern via radio resource control (RRC) signaling. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the indication comprises:
first data identifying a type of multiplexing used for a first and a second CDM group; and second data identifying a length of the OCC. 23. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving an indication about the ports of the multi-dimensional array of antennas and the number of layers for transmitting the DMRS symbols using L1 control signaling on a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). 24. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
receiving joint indication of the DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of antennas using L1 control signaling. 25. The method of claim 16, wherein:
the joint indication comprises one bit for Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) rate matching indication and four bits indicating the configured DMRS pattern and the ports of the multi-dimensional array of transmit antennas. 26. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
processing, based on the same bundling boundary for co-scheduled user equipments (UEs), the DMRS symbols received within a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs), wherein the same precoder was used for each port within the plurality of bundled RBs. 27. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
processing, based on a higher layer configured bundling boundary, the DMRS symbols received in a plurality of bundled resource blocks (RBs), wherein the same precoder was used for each port within the plurality of bundled RBs. 28. An apparatus for wireless communications by a user equipment (UE), comprising:
a processor configured to:
determine, based on DL control signaling, ports of a multi-dimensional array of antennas and spatial multiplexed layers for DMRS symbols transmission, the ports and the layers being multiplexed in the orthogonal DMRS pattern using an orthogonal cover code (OCC) and one or more code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and
a transceiver configured to:
receive, from a base station, the downlink (DL) control signaling indicating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) pattern, and
receive the DMRS symbols based on the determination | 2,400 |
8,470 | 8,470 | 14,799,951 | 2,415 | A symmetric flow response path from an Autonomous System (AS) can be forced by using a same edge gateway for ingress and egress of communications with an Internet source. An asymmetric flow response path from an AS can be used by using different edge gateways for ingress and egress of communications with an Internet source. An anycast IP address can be used for selecting egress edge gateways of an AS. Packets in an AS can be redirected to selected egress edge gateways of the AS. | 1. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more hardware processors, causes performance of operations comprising:
receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway. 2. The medium of claim 1, wherein the device is a redirector implemented within the AS. 3. The medium of claim 1, wherein the first packet is addressed to an anycast IP address and wherein the first packet is routed to the device based on the device currently being associated with the anycast IP address. 4. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
based at least on the Internet address external to the AS, selecting a port of the particular edge gateway for transmission of the second packet from the particular edge gateway toward the Internet address. 5. The medium of claim 4, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying the port of the particular edge gateway. 6. The medium of claim 1, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying a logical peer to be used as a next hop for transmitting the second packet toward the device outside of the AS. 7. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more of: data routing policies, Internet routing tables, and egress gateway mapping data. 8. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped, directly or indirectly, to the set of characteristics associated with the second packet. 9. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS comprises:
based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a logical peer for transmission of the second packet from the AS; determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer; and responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer, selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS. 10. The medium of claim 1, wherein the particular edge gateway is selected from a plurality of edge gateways, and wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways. 11. The medium of claim 10, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a load at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 12. The medium of claim 10, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a level of performance or a level of errors at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 13. A system comprising:
at least one device including a hardware processor; the system configured to perform operations comprising: receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the device is a redirector implemented within the AS. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the first packet is addressed to an anycast IP address and wherein the first packet is routed to the device based on the device currently being associated with the anycast IP address. 16. The system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise:
based at least on the Internet address external to the AS, selecting a port of the particular edge gateway for transmission of the second packet from the particular edge gateway toward the Internet address. 17. The medium of claim 16, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying the port of the particular edge gateway. 18. The system of claim 13, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying a logical peer to be used as a next hop for transmitting the second packet toward the device outside of the AS. 19. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more of: data routing policies, Internet routing tables, and egress gateway mapping data. 20. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped, directly or indirectly, to the set of characteristics associated with the second packet. 21. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS comprises:
based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a logical peer for transmission of the second packet from the AS; determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer; and responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer, selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS. 22. The system of claim 13, wherein the particular edge gateway is selected from a plurality of edge gateways, and wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a load at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 24. The system of claim 22, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a level of performance or a level of errors at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 25. A method comprising:
receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway; wherein the device comprises a hardware processor. | A symmetric flow response path from an Autonomous System (AS) can be forced by using a same edge gateway for ingress and egress of communications with an Internet source. An asymmetric flow response path from an AS can be used by using different edge gateways for ingress and egress of communications with an Internet source. An anycast IP address can be used for selecting egress edge gateways of an AS. Packets in an AS can be redirected to selected egress edge gateways of the AS.1. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more hardware processors, causes performance of operations comprising:
receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway. 2. The medium of claim 1, wherein the device is a redirector implemented within the AS. 3. The medium of claim 1, wherein the first packet is addressed to an anycast IP address and wherein the first packet is routed to the device based on the device currently being associated with the anycast IP address. 4. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
based at least on the Internet address external to the AS, selecting a port of the particular edge gateway for transmission of the second packet from the particular edge gateway toward the Internet address. 5. The medium of claim 4, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying the port of the particular edge gateway. 6. The medium of claim 1, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying a logical peer to be used as a next hop for transmitting the second packet toward the device outside of the AS. 7. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more of: data routing policies, Internet routing tables, and egress gateway mapping data. 8. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped, directly or indirectly, to the set of characteristics associated with the second packet. 9. The medium of claim 1, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS comprises:
based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a logical peer for transmission of the second packet from the AS; determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer; and responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer, selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS. 10. The medium of claim 1, wherein the particular edge gateway is selected from a plurality of edge gateways, and wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways. 11. The medium of claim 10, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a load at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 12. The medium of claim 10, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a level of performance or a level of errors at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 13. A system comprising:
at least one device including a hardware processor; the system configured to perform operations comprising: receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the device is a redirector implemented within the AS. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the first packet is addressed to an anycast IP address and wherein the first packet is routed to the device based on the device currently being associated with the anycast IP address. 16. The system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise:
based at least on the Internet address external to the AS, selecting a port of the particular edge gateway for transmission of the second packet from the particular edge gateway toward the Internet address. 17. The medium of claim 16, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying the port of the particular edge gateway. 18. The system of claim 13, wherein the third packet comprises metadata specifying a logical peer to be used as a next hop for transmitting the second packet toward the device outside of the AS. 19. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more of: data routing policies, Internet routing tables, and egress gateway mapping data. 20. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped, directly or indirectly, to the set of characteristics associated with the second packet. 21. The system of claim 13, wherein selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS comprises:
based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a logical peer for transmission of the second packet from the AS; determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer; and responsive to determining that the particular edge gateway is mapped to the logical peer, selecting the particular edge gateway of the AS as the egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS. 22. The system of claim 13, wherein the particular edge gateway is selected from a plurality of edge gateways, and wherein selecting the particular edge gateway as an egress point is further based on one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a load at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 24. The system of claim 22, wherein the one or more characteristics associated with the plurality of edge gateways indicate a level of performance or a level of errors at two or more of the plurality of edge gateways. 25. A method comprising:
receiving, by a device inside an Autonomous System (AS), a first packet encapsulating a second packet; decapsulating the first packet to obtain the second packet, the second packet being associated with a set of one or more characteristics; based on the set of one or more characteristics associated with the second packet, selecting a particular edge gateway of the AS as an egress point for transmitting the second packet out of the AS; re-encapsulating the second packet within a third packet addressed to the selected edge gateway; and transmitting the third packet to the particular edge gateway; wherein the device comprises a hardware processor. | 2,400 |
8,471 | 8,471 | 12,422,037 | 2,424 | A video buffer system and method for use with advertising display systems. Programming packets are stored at the video buffer and displayed in a continuous loop until the next programming packet has been received and stored. The video buffer system allows for displays to continuously display advertisements during data stream interruption or delay. The video buffer system also records the number of times an advertisement has been played to ensure accurate billing for the advertisement. | 1. A system for continuously displaying data on an electronic display comprising:
a video data source which provides a programming packet having a beginning code; a video buffer which receives the programming packet from the video data source, stores the programming packet, and transmits the programming packet; and an electronic display in electrical communication with the video buffer and displaying the programming packet; wherein the video buffer continuously loops the transmission of the programming packet to the electronic display while simultaneously receiving additional programming packets for transmission. 2. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
electronic circuitry within the video buffer which extracts data from the beginning codes of the programming packets; and a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores the extracted data. 3. The display system from claim 2 wherein:
the extracted data comprises identification data for one or more advertisers, on whose behalf the programming packet is being transmitted. 4. The display system from claim 3 wherein:
the extracted data further comprises the number of times that the programming packet has been transmitted to the display. 5. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
a control unit which receives the programming packet from the video data source and distributes the programming packets to at least one video buffer. 6. The display system from claim 5 further comprising:
an internet connection between the control unit and the video data source. 7. The display system from claim 5 further comprising:
a wireless connection between the control unit and the video buffers. 8. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores transmitted programming packets for later access by the video buffer. 9. A system for continuously displaying data on an electronic display comprising:
a video data source which provides programming packets having beginning and ending codes; one or more video buffers which receive and store a first packet from the video data source and transmit the first packet in a continuous loop while simultaneously receiving and storing a second programming packet, the transmission of the first packet continuing until the ending code for the second packet is received; and an electronic display in electrical communication with each video buffer, which receives and displays the programming packets. 10. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
electronic circuitry within each video buffer which extracts data from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets; and a local storage device in electrical communication with each video buffer which stores the extracted data. 11. The display system from claim 10 wherein:
the data extracted from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets comprises identification data for one or more advertisers, on whose behalf the programming packet is being transmitted. 12. The display system from claim 11 wherein:
the data extracted from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets further comprises the number of times that the packet has been transmitted to the display. 13. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
a control unit which receives the programming packets from the video data source and distributes the packets to the video buffers. 14. The display system from claim 13 further comprising:
an internet connection between the control unit and the video data source. 15. The display system from claim 13 further comprising:
a wireless connection between the control unit and the video buffers. 16. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores transmitted programming packets for later access by the video buffer. 17. A method for continuously displaying a plurality of programming packets on an electronic display, each programming packet having a beginning code, the method comprising:
(A) transmitting a first programming packet to a video buffer in electrical communication with an electronic display; (B) receiving and storing the first programming packet at the video buffer until the entire programming packet has been stored; (C) transmitting the stored first programming packet to an electronic display; (D) repeating steps (A) and (B) for a second programming packet while repeating step (C) in a substantially continuous loop; and (E) transmitting the second programming packet to the electronic display. 18. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the steps of:
(F) repeating steps (A) and (B) for a third programming packet while repeating step (E) in a substantially continuous loop; and (G) transmitting the third programming packet to the electronic display 19. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the steps of:
analyzing the programming packets for proper format and lack of corruption prior to transmitting the packets to the electronic display. 20. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the step of:
(F) purging the first programming packet from the video buffer after beginning step (E). | A video buffer system and method for use with advertising display systems. Programming packets are stored at the video buffer and displayed in a continuous loop until the next programming packet has been received and stored. The video buffer system allows for displays to continuously display advertisements during data stream interruption or delay. The video buffer system also records the number of times an advertisement has been played to ensure accurate billing for the advertisement.1. A system for continuously displaying data on an electronic display comprising:
a video data source which provides a programming packet having a beginning code; a video buffer which receives the programming packet from the video data source, stores the programming packet, and transmits the programming packet; and an electronic display in electrical communication with the video buffer and displaying the programming packet; wherein the video buffer continuously loops the transmission of the programming packet to the electronic display while simultaneously receiving additional programming packets for transmission. 2. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
electronic circuitry within the video buffer which extracts data from the beginning codes of the programming packets; and a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores the extracted data. 3. The display system from claim 2 wherein:
the extracted data comprises identification data for one or more advertisers, on whose behalf the programming packet is being transmitted. 4. The display system from claim 3 wherein:
the extracted data further comprises the number of times that the programming packet has been transmitted to the display. 5. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
a control unit which receives the programming packet from the video data source and distributes the programming packets to at least one video buffer. 6. The display system from claim 5 further comprising:
an internet connection between the control unit and the video data source. 7. The display system from claim 5 further comprising:
a wireless connection between the control unit and the video buffers. 8. The display system from claim 1 further comprising:
a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores transmitted programming packets for later access by the video buffer. 9. A system for continuously displaying data on an electronic display comprising:
a video data source which provides programming packets having beginning and ending codes; one or more video buffers which receive and store a first packet from the video data source and transmit the first packet in a continuous loop while simultaneously receiving and storing a second programming packet, the transmission of the first packet continuing until the ending code for the second packet is received; and an electronic display in electrical communication with each video buffer, which receives and displays the programming packets. 10. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
electronic circuitry within each video buffer which extracts data from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets; and a local storage device in electrical communication with each video buffer which stores the extracted data. 11. The display system from claim 10 wherein:
the data extracted from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets comprises identification data for one or more advertisers, on whose behalf the programming packet is being transmitted. 12. The display system from claim 11 wherein:
the data extracted from the beginning and ending codes of the programming packets further comprises the number of times that the packet has been transmitted to the display. 13. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
a control unit which receives the programming packets from the video data source and distributes the packets to the video buffers. 14. The display system from claim 13 further comprising:
an internet connection between the control unit and the video data source. 15. The display system from claim 13 further comprising:
a wireless connection between the control unit and the video buffers. 16. The display system from claim 9 further comprising:
a local storage device in electrical communication with the video buffer which stores transmitted programming packets for later access by the video buffer. 17. A method for continuously displaying a plurality of programming packets on an electronic display, each programming packet having a beginning code, the method comprising:
(A) transmitting a first programming packet to a video buffer in electrical communication with an electronic display; (B) receiving and storing the first programming packet at the video buffer until the entire programming packet has been stored; (C) transmitting the stored first programming packet to an electronic display; (D) repeating steps (A) and (B) for a second programming packet while repeating step (C) in a substantially continuous loop; and (E) transmitting the second programming packet to the electronic display. 18. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the steps of:
(F) repeating steps (A) and (B) for a third programming packet while repeating step (E) in a substantially continuous loop; and (G) transmitting the third programming packet to the electronic display 19. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the steps of:
analyzing the programming packets for proper format and lack of corruption prior to transmitting the packets to the electronic display. 20. The continuous display method from claim 17 further comprising the step of:
(F) purging the first programming packet from the video buffer after beginning step (E). | 2,400 |
8,472 | 8,472 | 15,992,221 | 2,456 | A system and method in a building or vehicle for an actuator operation in response to a sensor according to a control logic, the system comprising a router or a gateway communicating with a device associated with the sensor and a device associated with the actuator over in-building or in-vehicle networks, and an external Internet-connected control server associated with the control logic implementing a PID closed linear control loop and communicating with the router over external network for controlling the in-building or in-vehicle phenomenon. The sensor may be a microphone or a camera, and the system may include voice or image processing as part of the control logic. A redundancy is used by using multiple sensors or actuators, or by using multiple data paths over the building or vehicle internal or external communication. The networks may be wired or wireless, and may be BAN, PAN, LAN, WAN, or home networks. | 1. An AC-powered appliance associated with food storage, handling, or preparation for use with a wireless network, the appliance comprising:
an AC connector for connecting the appliance to an AC power source; a current sensor coupled to the AC connector for measuring an AC current consumed by the appliance; an antenna for communication over the wireless network; a wireless transceiver coupled to the antenna for transmitting digital data to, and for receiving digital data from, the wireless network; and a single enclosure housing the current sensor, the antenna, and the wireless transceiver, wherein the appliance is controlled or activated in response to digital data received from the wireless network, and wherein the current sensor is coupled to the wireless transceiver for transmitting digital data in response to the measured AC current to the wireless network. 2. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the primary function of the appliance is heating food. 3. The appliance according to claim 2, wherein the appliance comprises a microwave oven, an electric mixer, a stove, an oven, or an induction cooker. 4. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the primary function of the appliance is cooling food. 5. The appliance according to claim 4, wherein the appliance comprises a refrigerator, a freezer, or an iced-tea maker. 6. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the appliance comprises a dishwasher, a food blender, a beverage maker, or a coffeemaker. 7. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure an electrically actuated switch connected to switch electric power to at least part of the appliance, wherein the electrically actuated switch is coupled to the wireless transceiver for being activated in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 8. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is ‘normally open’ type, ‘normally closed’ type, or a changeover switch, wherein the electrically actuated switch is ‘make-before-break’ or ‘break-before-make’ type, or wherein the electrically actuated switch have two or more poles or two or more throws, and contacts of the electrically actuated switch are arranged as a Single-Pole-Double-Throw (SPDT), Double-Pole-Double-Throw (DPDT), Double-Pole-Single-Throw (DPST), or Single-Pole-Changeover (SPCO). 9. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is a latching or a non-latching type relay. 10. The appliance according to claim 9, wherein the relay is a solenoid-based electromagnetic relay that is a reed relay, wherein the relay is solid-state or semiconductor based, or wherein the relay is a Solid State Relay (SSR). 11. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is based on an electrical circuit that comprises an open collector transistor, an open drain transistor, a thyristor, a TRIAC, or an opto-isolator. 12. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor comprises an ampermeter, galvanometer, or a hot-wire ampermeter. 13. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor comprises a current clamp, a current probe, a current transformer, or uses a ‘Hall effect’. 14. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor is a non-contact or a non-conductive current meter. 15. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a wattmeter connected to the AC connector for measuring the magnitude of the active AC power or an electrical energy consumed by the appliance. 16. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises single or multi-phase AC power or energy meter. 17. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises a bolometer, or wherein the wattmeter accumulates or averages readings. 18. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises the current sensor, or wherein the wattmeter is based on multiplying a measured voltage and the current measured by the current sensor. 19. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter or the current sensor are induction based. 20. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), the antenna is a WPAN antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a WPAN modem. 21. The appliance according to claim 20, wherein the WPAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, Bluetooth™ or IEEE 802.15.1-2005 standards. 22. The appliance according to claim 20, wherein the WPAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, Zigbee™, IEEE 802.15.4-2003, or Z-Wave™ standards. 23. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), the antenna is a WLAN antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a WLAN modem. 24. The appliance according to claim 23, wherein the WLAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, or IEEE 802.11ac. 25. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a wireless broadband network. 26. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network uses a licensed or unlicensed radio frequency band. 27. The appliance according to claim 26, wherein the unlicensed radio frequency band is an Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio band. 28. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a satellite network, the antenna is a satellite antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a satellite modem. 29. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a WiMAX network, wherein the antenna is a WiMAX antenna and the wireless transceiver is a WiMAX modem, and wherein the WiMAX network is according to, or based on, or compatible with, IEEE 802.16-2009. 30. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a cellular telephone network, the antenna is a cellular antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a cellular modem. 31. The appliance according to claim 30, wherein the cellular telephone network is a Third Generation (3G) network that uses UMTS W-CDMA, UMTS HSPA, UMTS TDD, CDMA2000 1×RTT, CDMA2000 EV-DO, or GSM EDGE-Evolution, or wherein the cellular telephone network is a Fourth Generation (4G) network that uses HSPA+, Mobile WiMAX, LTE, LTE-Advanced, MBWA, or is based on IEEE 802.20-2008. 32. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a first sensor having an output that responds to a physical phenomenon, the first sensor is coupled to the wireless transceiver for transmitting digital data in response to the measured physical phenomenon to the wireless network. 33. The appliance according to claim 32, further comprising an electrically actuated switch connected to switch electric power to at least part of the appliance, the switch is coupled to the first sensor for being activated in response to the physical phenomenon. 34. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor is a piezoelectric sensor that includes single crystal material or a piezoelectric ceramics and uses a transverse, longitudinal, or shear effect mode of the piezoelectric effect. 35. The appliance according to claim 32, further comprising multiple sensors arranged as a directional sensor array operative to estimate the number, magnitude, frequency, Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA), distance, or speed of the physical phenomenon impinging the sensor array. 36. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor is a thermoelectric sensor that responds to a temperature or to a temperature gradient of an object using conduction, convection, or radiation, and wherein the thermoelectric sensor consists of, or comprises, a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) thermistor, a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor, a thermocouple, a quartz crystal, or a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD). 37. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a nanosensor, a crystal, or a semiconductor. 38. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an eddy-current sensor. 39. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an atmospheric or an environmental sensor. 40. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a bulk or surface acoustic sensor. 41. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a radiation sensor that responds to radioactivity, nuclear radiation, alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, and is based on gas ionization. 42. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a photoelectric sensor that responds to a visible or an invisible light, and wherein the invisible light is infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, or gamma rays. 43. The appliance according to claim 42, wherein the photoelectric sensor is based on the photoelectric or photovoltaic effect, and consists of, or comprises, a semiconductor component that consists of, or comprises, a photodiode, a phototransistor, or a solar cell. 44. The appliance according to claim 42, wherein the photoelectric sensor is based on Charge-Coupled Appliance (CCD) or a Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) element. 45. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a photosensitive image sensor array comprising multiple photoelectric sensors, for capturing an image and producing electronic image information representing the image, and the appliance further comprising one or more optical lens for focusing the received light and to guide the image, and wherein the image sensor is disposed approximately at an image focal point plane of the one or more optical lens for properly capturing the image. 46. The appliance according to claim 45, further comprising an image processor coupled to the image sensor for providing a digital data video signal according to a digital video format, the digital video signal carrying digital data video based on the captured images, and wherein the digital video format is based on one out of: TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), RAW format, AVI, DV, MOV, WMV, MP4, DCF (Design Rule for Camera Format), ITU-T H.261, ITU-T H.263, ITU-T H.264, ITU-T CCIR 601, ASF, Exif (Exchangeable Image File Format), and DPOF (Digital Print Order Format) standards. 47. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an electrochemical sensor that responds to an object chemical structure, properties, composition, or reactions. 48. The appliance according to claim 47, wherein the electrochemical sensor consists of, or comprises, a pH meter or a gas sensor responding to a presence of radon, hydrogen, oxygen, or Carbon-Monoxide (CO), or wherein the electrochemical sensor is based on optical detection or on ionization and is a smoke, a flame, or a fire detector, or is responsive to combustible, flammable, or toxic gas. 49. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an electroacoustic sensor that responds to an audible or inaudible sound. 50. The appliance according to claim 49, wherein the electroacoustic sensor is an omnidirectional, unidirectional, or bidirectional microphone that is based on the sensing an incident sound based motion of a diaphragm or a ribbon, and the microphone consists of, or comprises, a condenser, an electret, a dynamic, a ribbon, a carbon, or a piezoelectric microphone. 51. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a light source that emits visible or non-visible light for illumination or indication, the non-visible light is infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, or gamma rays, the light source is coupled to the AC connector for being powered from the AC power, and wherein the light source is coupled to the wireless transceiver for illumination or indication in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 52. The appliance according to claim 51, wherein the light source is coupled to the current sensor for illumination or indication in response to the measured AC current. 53. The appliance according to claim 51, wherein the light source consists of, or comprises, a lamp, an incandescent lamp, a gas discharge lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a Solid-State Lighting (SSL), a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic LED (OLED), a polymer LED (PLED), or a laser diode. 54. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure an actuator for affecting a physical phenomenon, wherein the actuator is coupled to the wireless transceiver for being activated or controlled in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 55. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a motion actuator that causes linear or rotary motion, and the appliance further comprising a conversion mechanism for respectfully converting to rotary or linear motion based on a screw, a wheel and axle, or a cam. 56. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a sounder for converting an electrical energy to omnidirectional, unidirectional, or bidirectional pattern emitted, audible or inaudible, sound waves. 57. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, an electromagnetic coil or an electromagnet operative for generating a magnetic or electric field. 58. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, an electrical signal generator. 59. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a chemical or an electrochemical actuator, and is operative for producing, changing, or affecting a matter structure, properties, composition, process, or reactions. 60. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a thermoelectric actuator and is a heater or a cooler, operative for affecting the temperature of a solid, a liquid, or a gas object, and is coupled to the object by conduction, convection, force convention, thermal radiation, or by the transfer of energy by phase changes. 61. The appliance according to claim 1, further being addressable in the wireless network using distinct locally administered addresses or a universally administered digital addresses stored in a volatile or non-volatile memory in the single enclosure, which uniquely identifying the appliance in the wireless network or in the Internet. 62. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is a MAC layer address that is MAC-48, EUI-48, or EUI-64 address type. 63. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is a layer 3 address and is static or dynamic IP address that is IPv4 or IPv6 type address. 64. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is autonomously assigned, or wherein the digital address is assigned by another appliance using DHCP. | A system and method in a building or vehicle for an actuator operation in response to a sensor according to a control logic, the system comprising a router or a gateway communicating with a device associated with the sensor and a device associated with the actuator over in-building or in-vehicle networks, and an external Internet-connected control server associated with the control logic implementing a PID closed linear control loop and communicating with the router over external network for controlling the in-building or in-vehicle phenomenon. The sensor may be a microphone or a camera, and the system may include voice or image processing as part of the control logic. A redundancy is used by using multiple sensors or actuators, or by using multiple data paths over the building or vehicle internal or external communication. The networks may be wired or wireless, and may be BAN, PAN, LAN, WAN, or home networks.1. An AC-powered appliance associated with food storage, handling, or preparation for use with a wireless network, the appliance comprising:
an AC connector for connecting the appliance to an AC power source; a current sensor coupled to the AC connector for measuring an AC current consumed by the appliance; an antenna for communication over the wireless network; a wireless transceiver coupled to the antenna for transmitting digital data to, and for receiving digital data from, the wireless network; and a single enclosure housing the current sensor, the antenna, and the wireless transceiver, wherein the appliance is controlled or activated in response to digital data received from the wireless network, and wherein the current sensor is coupled to the wireless transceiver for transmitting digital data in response to the measured AC current to the wireless network. 2. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the primary function of the appliance is heating food. 3. The appliance according to claim 2, wherein the appliance comprises a microwave oven, an electric mixer, a stove, an oven, or an induction cooker. 4. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the primary function of the appliance is cooling food. 5. The appliance according to claim 4, wherein the appliance comprises a refrigerator, a freezer, or an iced-tea maker. 6. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the appliance comprises a dishwasher, a food blender, a beverage maker, or a coffeemaker. 7. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure an electrically actuated switch connected to switch electric power to at least part of the appliance, wherein the electrically actuated switch is coupled to the wireless transceiver for being activated in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 8. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is ‘normally open’ type, ‘normally closed’ type, or a changeover switch, wherein the electrically actuated switch is ‘make-before-break’ or ‘break-before-make’ type, or wherein the electrically actuated switch have two or more poles or two or more throws, and contacts of the electrically actuated switch are arranged as a Single-Pole-Double-Throw (SPDT), Double-Pole-Double-Throw (DPDT), Double-Pole-Single-Throw (DPST), or Single-Pole-Changeover (SPCO). 9. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is a latching or a non-latching type relay. 10. The appliance according to claim 9, wherein the relay is a solenoid-based electromagnetic relay that is a reed relay, wherein the relay is solid-state or semiconductor based, or wherein the relay is a Solid State Relay (SSR). 11. The appliance according to claim 7, wherein the electrically actuated switch is based on an electrical circuit that comprises an open collector transistor, an open drain transistor, a thyristor, a TRIAC, or an opto-isolator. 12. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor comprises an ampermeter, galvanometer, or a hot-wire ampermeter. 13. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor comprises a current clamp, a current probe, a current transformer, or uses a ‘Hall effect’. 14. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor is a non-contact or a non-conductive current meter. 15. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a wattmeter connected to the AC connector for measuring the magnitude of the active AC power or an electrical energy consumed by the appliance. 16. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises single or multi-phase AC power or energy meter. 17. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises a bolometer, or wherein the wattmeter accumulates or averages readings. 18. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter comprises the current sensor, or wherein the wattmeter is based on multiplying a measured voltage and the current measured by the current sensor. 19. The appliance according to claim 15, wherein the wattmeter or the current sensor are induction based. 20. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), the antenna is a WPAN antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a WPAN modem. 21. The appliance according to claim 20, wherein the WPAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, Bluetooth™ or IEEE 802.15.1-2005 standards. 22. The appliance according to claim 20, wherein the WPAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, Zigbee™, IEEE 802.15.4-2003, or Z-Wave™ standards. 23. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), the antenna is a WLAN antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a WLAN modem. 24. The appliance according to claim 23, wherein the WLAN is according to, based on, or compatible with, IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, or IEEE 802.11ac. 25. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a wireless broadband network. 26. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network uses a licensed or unlicensed radio frequency band. 27. The appliance according to claim 26, wherein the unlicensed radio frequency band is an Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio band. 28. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a satellite network, the antenna is a satellite antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a satellite modem. 29. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a WiMAX network, wherein the antenna is a WiMAX antenna and the wireless transceiver is a WiMAX modem, and wherein the WiMAX network is according to, or based on, or compatible with, IEEE 802.16-2009. 30. The appliance according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a cellular telephone network, the antenna is a cellular antenna, and the wireless transceiver is a cellular modem. 31. The appliance according to claim 30, wherein the cellular telephone network is a Third Generation (3G) network that uses UMTS W-CDMA, UMTS HSPA, UMTS TDD, CDMA2000 1×RTT, CDMA2000 EV-DO, or GSM EDGE-Evolution, or wherein the cellular telephone network is a Fourth Generation (4G) network that uses HSPA+, Mobile WiMAX, LTE, LTE-Advanced, MBWA, or is based on IEEE 802.20-2008. 32. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a first sensor having an output that responds to a physical phenomenon, the first sensor is coupled to the wireless transceiver for transmitting digital data in response to the measured physical phenomenon to the wireless network. 33. The appliance according to claim 32, further comprising an electrically actuated switch connected to switch electric power to at least part of the appliance, the switch is coupled to the first sensor for being activated in response to the physical phenomenon. 34. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor is a piezoelectric sensor that includes single crystal material or a piezoelectric ceramics and uses a transverse, longitudinal, or shear effect mode of the piezoelectric effect. 35. The appliance according to claim 32, further comprising multiple sensors arranged as a directional sensor array operative to estimate the number, magnitude, frequency, Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA), distance, or speed of the physical phenomenon impinging the sensor array. 36. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor is a thermoelectric sensor that responds to a temperature or to a temperature gradient of an object using conduction, convection, or radiation, and wherein the thermoelectric sensor consists of, or comprises, a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) thermistor, a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor, a thermocouple, a quartz crystal, or a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD). 37. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a nanosensor, a crystal, or a semiconductor. 38. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an eddy-current sensor. 39. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an atmospheric or an environmental sensor. 40. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a bulk or surface acoustic sensor. 41. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a radiation sensor that responds to radioactivity, nuclear radiation, alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, and is based on gas ionization. 42. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a photoelectric sensor that responds to a visible or an invisible light, and wherein the invisible light is infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, or gamma rays. 43. The appliance according to claim 42, wherein the photoelectric sensor is based on the photoelectric or photovoltaic effect, and consists of, or comprises, a semiconductor component that consists of, or comprises, a photodiode, a phototransistor, or a solar cell. 44. The appliance according to claim 42, wherein the photoelectric sensor is based on Charge-Coupled Appliance (CCD) or a Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) element. 45. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, a photosensitive image sensor array comprising multiple photoelectric sensors, for capturing an image and producing electronic image information representing the image, and the appliance further comprising one or more optical lens for focusing the received light and to guide the image, and wherein the image sensor is disposed approximately at an image focal point plane of the one or more optical lens for properly capturing the image. 46. The appliance according to claim 45, further comprising an image processor coupled to the image sensor for providing a digital data video signal according to a digital video format, the digital video signal carrying digital data video based on the captured images, and wherein the digital video format is based on one out of: TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), RAW format, AVI, DV, MOV, WMV, MP4, DCF (Design Rule for Camera Format), ITU-T H.261, ITU-T H.263, ITU-T H.264, ITU-T CCIR 601, ASF, Exif (Exchangeable Image File Format), and DPOF (Digital Print Order Format) standards. 47. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an electrochemical sensor that responds to an object chemical structure, properties, composition, or reactions. 48. The appliance according to claim 47, wherein the electrochemical sensor consists of, or comprises, a pH meter or a gas sensor responding to a presence of radon, hydrogen, oxygen, or Carbon-Monoxide (CO), or wherein the electrochemical sensor is based on optical detection or on ionization and is a smoke, a flame, or a fire detector, or is responsive to combustible, flammable, or toxic gas. 49. The appliance according to claim 32, wherein the first sensor consists of, or comprises, an electroacoustic sensor that responds to an audible or inaudible sound. 50. The appliance according to claim 49, wherein the electroacoustic sensor is an omnidirectional, unidirectional, or bidirectional microphone that is based on the sensing an incident sound based motion of a diaphragm or a ribbon, and the microphone consists of, or comprises, a condenser, an electret, a dynamic, a ribbon, a carbon, or a piezoelectric microphone. 51. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure a light source that emits visible or non-visible light for illumination or indication, the non-visible light is infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, or gamma rays, the light source is coupled to the AC connector for being powered from the AC power, and wherein the light source is coupled to the wireless transceiver for illumination or indication in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 52. The appliance according to claim 51, wherein the light source is coupled to the current sensor for illumination or indication in response to the measured AC current. 53. The appliance according to claim 51, wherein the light source consists of, or comprises, a lamp, an incandescent lamp, a gas discharge lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a Solid-State Lighting (SSL), a Light Emitting Diode (LED), an Organic LED (OLED), a polymer LED (PLED), or a laser diode. 54. The appliance according to claim 1, further comprising in the single enclosure an actuator for affecting a physical phenomenon, wherein the actuator is coupled to the wireless transceiver for being activated or controlled in response to digital data received from the wireless network. 55. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a motion actuator that causes linear or rotary motion, and the appliance further comprising a conversion mechanism for respectfully converting to rotary or linear motion based on a screw, a wheel and axle, or a cam. 56. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a sounder for converting an electrical energy to omnidirectional, unidirectional, or bidirectional pattern emitted, audible or inaudible, sound waves. 57. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, an electromagnetic coil or an electromagnet operative for generating a magnetic or electric field. 58. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, an electrical signal generator. 59. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a chemical or an electrochemical actuator, and is operative for producing, changing, or affecting a matter structure, properties, composition, process, or reactions. 60. The appliance according to claim 54, wherein the actuator consists of, or comprises, a thermoelectric actuator and is a heater or a cooler, operative for affecting the temperature of a solid, a liquid, or a gas object, and is coupled to the object by conduction, convection, force convention, thermal radiation, or by the transfer of energy by phase changes. 61. The appliance according to claim 1, further being addressable in the wireless network using distinct locally administered addresses or a universally administered digital addresses stored in a volatile or non-volatile memory in the single enclosure, which uniquely identifying the appliance in the wireless network or in the Internet. 62. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is a MAC layer address that is MAC-48, EUI-48, or EUI-64 address type. 63. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is a layer 3 address and is static or dynamic IP address that is IPv4 or IPv6 type address. 64. The appliance according to claim 61, wherein the digital address is autonomously assigned, or wherein the digital address is assigned by another appliance using DHCP. | 2,400 |
8,473 | 8,473 | 15,704,613 | 2,452 | A method and notification system for notifying broadcast streams to multiple users. A notifier receives, from a broadcaster, a request to notify a broadcast stream to the multiple users. The notifier receives preferences from a subset of users of two or more social networking systems. The preferences identify: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the two or more social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users. The notifier instructs an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only the some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. | 1. A method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via a processor of a notification system, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 2. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 3. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster, and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 4. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. 7. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
determining, by the notifier via the processor, whether to recommend the broadcast stream to one or more users of the subset of users based on the preferences and relationships between the users of the subset of users. 8. A notification system, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, said memory storing instructions which, upon being executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via the processor, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 9. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 10. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster, and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 11. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 12. The notification system of claim 8, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 13. The notification system of claim 8, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. 14. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
determining, by the notifier via the processor, whether to recommend the broadcast stream to one or more users of the subset of users based on the preferences and relationships between the users of the subset of users. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, upon being executed by a processor of a notification system, cause the processor to perform a method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via the processor, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster; and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. | A method and notification system for notifying broadcast streams to multiple users. A notifier receives, from a broadcaster, a request to notify a broadcast stream to the multiple users. The notifier receives preferences from a subset of users of two or more social networking systems. The preferences identify: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the two or more social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users. The notifier instructs an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only the some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences.1. A method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via a processor of a notification system, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 2. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 3. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster, and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 4. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. 7. The method of claim 1, said method further comprising:
determining, by the notifier via the processor, whether to recommend the broadcast stream to one or more users of the subset of users based on the preferences and relationships between the users of the subset of users. 8. A notification system, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, said memory storing instructions which, upon being executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via the processor, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 9. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 10. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster, and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 11. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 12. The notification system of claim 8, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 13. The notification system of claim 8, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. 14. The notification system of claim 8, said method further comprising:
determining, by the notifier via the processor, whether to recommend the broadcast stream to one or more users of the subset of users based on the preferences and relationships between the users of the subset of users. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions which, upon being executed by a processor of a notification system, cause the processor to perform a method for notifying broadcast streams to a plurality of users, said method comprising:
receiving, by a notifier via the processor, a request to notify a broadcast stream from a broadcaster; receiving, by the notifier via the processor, preferences from a subset of users of a plurality of social networking systems, said preferences identifying: (i) some but not all social networking systems of the plurality of social networking systems which should send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users; and (ii) times during which the notifications about the broadcast stream should be sent to the subset of users; and instructing, by the notifier via the processor, an agent representing a broadcaster in each social networking system of only said some social networking systems to send notifications about the broadcast stream to the subset of users at the times identified in the preferences. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, registration information for registering the broadcaster, wherein the agents are deployed in response to said receiving the registration information for registering the broadcaster. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
receiving, by the notifier via the processor, information about the broadcast stream from the broadcaster; and selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users based on the preferences and the information about the broadcast stream. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, said method further comprising:
selecting, by the notifier via the processor, the subset of users to receive the notifications about the broadcast stream based on the preferences. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the preferences include one or more of (i) a manner convenient for receiving the notification, (ii) types of broadcast streams of interest, (iii) whether to schedule an event or record the broadcast stream when the broadcast stream becomes active, (iv) keywords associated with preferred broadcast streams, (v) geological location of the subset of users, and (vi) receiving of a notification based on whether other users in a social networking system is viewing or listening to the broadcast stream. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the notifications include a link for accessing the broadcast stream. | 2,400 |
8,474 | 8,474 | 15,318,244 | 2,445 | Method, server, network node and multimedia User Equipment, UE, for controlling communication session establishment ( 10 ) in a multimedia over Internet Protocol, IP, based communications network with a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber. In a communications handling server of the network, in reply to the receipt ( 12 ) of a request ( 11 ) for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs, an adapted request (13) is provided, based on which provisional response(s) and which final response(s) the UE of the plurality of UEs may provide, in response to the request ( 11 ) for establishing the communication session. The adapted request is forwarded ( 14 ) in the communications network, and a receiving UE processes the adapted request for establishing or not establishing the communication session ( 15 ). | 1-23. (canceled) 24. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the method comprising:
receiving, by a communications handling server of the communications network, a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; providing, by the communications handling server and in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs, in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and forwarding the adapted request, by the communications handling server and in the communications network. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein, for each of the plurality of UEs, the communications handling server provides and forwards an adapted request for establishing the communication session. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the adapted request includes a restriction on a response by a UE to the request for establishing the communication session. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the adapted request is based on at least one of communication capabilities by which the corresponding UE is registered in the communications network and communication information relating to the subscriber. 28. The method of claim 24:
wherein the communications network is an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem, (IMS) based multimedia over IP network; wherein the communications handling server is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application Server (AS) operating in the communications network; wherein the providing the adapted request comprises including a designated SIP header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request to be forwarded to a UE. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the designated SIP header comprises an instruction imposing a restriction on a response by a UE to the request for establishing the communication session. 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the providing an adapted request by the SIP AS comprises retrieving, by the SIP AS, the designated SIP header from a designated server. 31. The method of claim 28, wherein the providing, by the SIP AS, the designated SIP header in at least one of the SIP Invite request and the SIP Message request comprises the SIP AS providing the designated SIP header only if a SIP User Agent (UA) of the corresponding UE supports the designated SIP header and has indicated the support to the SIP AS. 32. The method of claim 28, wherein the designated SIP header imposes a restriction on a response that the corresponding UE is not permitted to provide in reply to receipt of the designated SIP header, the response indicated by a status code selected from:
100-199 Provisional response 200-299 Final response, successful session establishment 300-399 Final response, call redirection 400-499 Final response, unsuccessful, subscriber UA not able to accept the session 500-599 Final response, unsuccessful, system failure 600-699 Final response, unsuccessful, subscriber not reachable on any UE. 33. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the method comprising:
receiving, by the UE, a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request; processing, by the UE, the instruction included in the request; and transmitting, by the UE, a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. 34. The method of claim 33:
wherein the UE is configured to operate in an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network; wherein the receiving comprises receiving a designated Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request; wherein the designated SIP header comprises an instruction imposing a restriction on a response, including a provisional and final response; wherein the processing comprises processing the designated SIP header. 35. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the method comprising:
receiving, by a communications handling server of the network, a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; providing, by the communications handling server and in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session, forwarding the adapted request, by the communications handling server and in the communications network, to the UE; receiving, by the UE, the adapted request; processing, by the UE, the adapted request; and transmitting, by the UE, a response in accordance with the adapted request for establishing the communication session. 36. A communications handling server for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the communications handling server comprising:
processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the communications handling server is operable to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs;
provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and
forward the adapted request in the communications network. 37. The communications handling server of claim 36, wherein the instructions are such that the adapted request is based on at least one of communication capabilities by which the corresponding UE is registered in the communications network and communication information relating to the subscriber. 38. A network node for use in an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network, the network node comprising:
a communications handling server; wherein the communications handling server comprises:
processing circuitry;
memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the communications handling server is operable to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs;
provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and
forward the adapted request in the communications network;
wherein the communications handling server is configured to operate as a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application Server (AS) in the network; wherein the adapted request includes a designated SIP header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request to be forwarded to a UE; wherein the designated SIP header comprising an instruction imposing a response, including a provisional response and a final response, by a SIP User Agent (UA) of a UE in reply to the at least one of the SIP Invite request and the SIP Message request. 39. The network node of claim 38, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is configured to retrieve the instruction of the designated SIP header for a UE from a designated server. 40. The network node of claim 38, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is configured to provide the SIP Invite request or the SIP Message request only if the SIP UA of a UE supports the designated SIP header and has indicated the support to the SIP AS. 41. A User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the UE comprising:
processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the UE is operable to control communication session establishment by:
receiving a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request;
processing the instruction included in the request; and
transmitting a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. 42. The UE of claim 41:
wherein the UE is configured to operate in an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network; wherein the instructions are such that the UE is configured to:
receive a designated Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request, the designated SIP header including the instruction;
process the designated SIP header; and
transmitting a SIP response in accordance with the instruction included in the designated SIP header. 43. The UE of claim 42, wherein the instructions are such that the UE is configured to register, in the network, that the UE supports processing of the designated SIP header. 44. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the computer program product comprising software instructions which, when run on one or more processing circuits of a communications handling server of the communications network, causes the communications handling server to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs, in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and forwarding the adapted request in the communications network. 45. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the computer program product comprising software instructions which, when run on one or more processing circuits of the UE, causes the UE to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request; process the instruction included in the request; and transmit a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. | Method, server, network node and multimedia User Equipment, UE, for controlling communication session establishment ( 10 ) in a multimedia over Internet Protocol, IP, based communications network with a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber. In a communications handling server of the network, in reply to the receipt ( 12 ) of a request ( 11 ) for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs, an adapted request (13) is provided, based on which provisional response(s) and which final response(s) the UE of the plurality of UEs may provide, in response to the request ( 11 ) for establishing the communication session. The adapted request is forwarded ( 14 ) in the communications network, and a receiving UE processes the adapted request for establishing or not establishing the communication session ( 15 ).1-23. (canceled) 24. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the method comprising:
receiving, by a communications handling server of the communications network, a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; providing, by the communications handling server and in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs, in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and forwarding the adapted request, by the communications handling server and in the communications network. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein, for each of the plurality of UEs, the communications handling server provides and forwards an adapted request for establishing the communication session. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the adapted request includes a restriction on a response by a UE to the request for establishing the communication session. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the adapted request is based on at least one of communication capabilities by which the corresponding UE is registered in the communications network and communication information relating to the subscriber. 28. The method of claim 24:
wherein the communications network is an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem, (IMS) based multimedia over IP network; wherein the communications handling server is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application Server (AS) operating in the communications network; wherein the providing the adapted request comprises including a designated SIP header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request to be forwarded to a UE. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the designated SIP header comprises an instruction imposing a restriction on a response by a UE to the request for establishing the communication session. 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the providing an adapted request by the SIP AS comprises retrieving, by the SIP AS, the designated SIP header from a designated server. 31. The method of claim 28, wherein the providing, by the SIP AS, the designated SIP header in at least one of the SIP Invite request and the SIP Message request comprises the SIP AS providing the designated SIP header only if a SIP User Agent (UA) of the corresponding UE supports the designated SIP header and has indicated the support to the SIP AS. 32. The method of claim 28, wherein the designated SIP header imposes a restriction on a response that the corresponding UE is not permitted to provide in reply to receipt of the designated SIP header, the response indicated by a status code selected from:
100-199 Provisional response 200-299 Final response, successful session establishment 300-399 Final response, call redirection 400-499 Final response, unsuccessful, subscriber UA not able to accept the session 500-599 Final response, unsuccessful, system failure 600-699 Final response, unsuccessful, subscriber not reachable on any UE. 33. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the method comprising:
receiving, by the UE, a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request; processing, by the UE, the instruction included in the request; and transmitting, by the UE, a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. 34. The method of claim 33:
wherein the UE is configured to operate in an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network; wherein the receiving comprises receiving a designated Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request; wherein the designated SIP header comprises an instruction imposing a restriction on a response, including a provisional and final response; wherein the processing comprises processing the designated SIP header. 35. A method of controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the method comprising:
receiving, by a communications handling server of the network, a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; providing, by the communications handling server and in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session, forwarding the adapted request, by the communications handling server and in the communications network, to the UE; receiving, by the UE, the adapted request; processing, by the UE, the adapted request; and transmitting, by the UE, a response in accordance with the adapted request for establishing the communication session. 36. A communications handling server for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the communications handling server comprising:
processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the communications handling server is operable to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs;
provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and
forward the adapted request in the communications network. 37. The communications handling server of claim 36, wherein the instructions are such that the adapted request is based on at least one of communication capabilities by which the corresponding UE is registered in the communications network and communication information relating to the subscriber. 38. A network node for use in an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network, the network node comprising:
a communications handling server; wherein the communications handling server comprises:
processing circuitry;
memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the communications handling server is operable to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs;
provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and
forward the adapted request in the communications network;
wherein the communications handling server is configured to operate as a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application Server (AS) in the network; wherein the adapted request includes a designated SIP header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request to be forwarded to a UE; wherein the designated SIP header comprising an instruction imposing a response, including a provisional response and a final response, by a SIP User Agent (UA) of a UE in reply to the at least one of the SIP Invite request and the SIP Message request. 39. The network node of claim 38, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is configured to retrieve the instruction of the designated SIP header for a UE from a designated server. 40. The network node of claim 38, wherein the instructions are such that the network node is configured to provide the SIP Invite request or the SIP Message request only if the SIP UA of a UE supports the designated SIP header and has indicated the support to the SIP AS. 41. A User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the UE comprising:
processing circuitry; memory containing instructions executable by the processing circuitry whereby the UE is operable to control communication session establishment by:
receiving a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request;
processing the instruction included in the request; and
transmitting a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. 42. The UE of claim 41:
wherein the UE is configured to operate in an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based multimedia over IP communications network; wherein the instructions are such that the UE is configured to:
receive a designated Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) header in at least one of a SIP Invite request and a SIP Message request, the designated SIP header including the instruction;
process the designated SIP header; and
transmitting a SIP response in accordance with the instruction included in the designated SIP header. 43. The UE of claim 42, wherein the instructions are such that the UE is configured to register, in the network, that the UE supports processing of the designated SIP header. 44. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network towards at least one multimedia User Equipment (UE) of a plurality of multimedia UEs registered in the communications network with a same subscriber, the computer program product comprising software instructions which, when run on one or more processing circuits of a communications handling server of the communications network, causes the communications handling server to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session with at least one UE of the plurality of UEs; provide, in reply to the request, an adapted request for establishing the communication session; the adapted request being based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by a UE of the plurality of UEs, in reply to the request for establishing the communication session; and forwarding the adapted request in the communications network. 45. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium storing a computer program product for controlling communication session establishment in a multimedia User Equipment (UE) configured to operate in a multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP) based communications network, the computer program product comprising software instructions which, when run on one or more processing circuits of the UE, causes the UE to:
receive a request for establishing a communication session, the request including an instruction based on a response, including a provisional and final response, permitted by the UE in reply to the request; process the instruction included in the request; and transmit a response in accordance with the processed instruction included in the request. | 2,400 |
8,475 | 8,475 | 15,029,954 | 2,473 | In a method for operating a system for intralogistic transport and system, the system having subscribers, in particular vehicles, which are connected via a data transmission channel such that each subscriber is a subscriber of a group of subscribers connected for data transmission via the data transmission channel, the data transmission being in particular not real-time capable, the data transmission channel being in particular a WLAN connection, each subscriber having a time base, in particular a clock, a group is formed; the time base of each subscriber of the group is synchronized, that is, in particular the time of the time base of the subscriber modified by a specific time offset by the synchronization is used as the time for operation; and subscribers are moved in dependence on a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, in particular the position activated by the respective subscriber, in particular at the respective point in time, depending on the respective position of at least one other subscriber of the group or on the respective position of multiple or all other subscribers of the group. | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A method for operating a system for intralogistic transport, the system having subscribers and/or vehicles, which are connected via a data transmission channel such that each subscriber is a subscriber of a group of subscribers connected for data transmission via the data transmission channel, the data transmission being not real-time capable and including a WLAN connection, each subscriber having a time base and/or a clock, comprising:
forming a group; synchronizing the time base of each subscriber of the group; and moving the subscribers in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, depending on a respective position of at least one other subscriber of the group or on a respective position of multiple or all other subscribers of the group. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a criterion is used to form the group. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the criterion includes at least one of (a) reachability by the data transmission via the data transmission channel, (b) distance from a first subscriber, and (c) distance from at least one of (i) a position and (ii) a position in space. 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the movement of the subscribers is performed in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, and at least one of (a) according to the principle of an electronic cam disc, (b) according to the principle of an electronic transmission, and (c) as a combined kinematics movement having a virtual guide value reference. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the movement of the subscribers is carried out in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as master or in mutual dependence by using values buffered in a memory of the respective subscriber. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the values include at least one of (a) guide values, (b) a field bus control word, (c) an emergency shutdown command, (d) a quick stop command, (e) a stop function command, and (f) a software-related command. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein a first subscriber of the group transmits at least one of (a) master telegram and (b) a broadcast telegram, and each subscriber of the group thereupon transmits a response telegram, where i numbers the subscribers of the group consecutively, when dispatching the master telegram, an associated time t1 being added by a first subscriber as a time stamp to the master telegram, the respective receiving subscriber adding a time stamp t2_i when receiving the master telegram, an ith subscriber, when dispatching the response telegram, adding a time stamp t3_i, and the master, when receiving the response telegram, adding a current time stamp t4, the first subscriber, which dispatched the master telegram, determining an estimate dt1_i for a propagation time, in accordance with the following relationship:
dt1_i=((t4−t1)−(t3_i−t2_i))/2. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the synchronization is determined in that for each response signal of the ith subscriber, the value t2_i is respectively used as a setpoint value t_setpoint_i, and t_actual_i, which is determined as the sum (t1+dt1_i), is used as a actual value, the setpoint value and the actual value being supplied to a controller element, a deviation between the setpoint value and the actual value being multiplied by a respective quality code GK and then being supplied to the controller element, output signals of the respective controller elements being added together and the synchronized time being determined from the output signals. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the controller element includes a linear element and/or a PI element. 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the summed signal is divided by the number of subscribers of the group and the result is multiplied by a code number that represents a synchronization readiness, and the signal Y_result thus obtained is used to correct the synchronized time. 21. The method according to claim 18, wherein the current synchronized time being determined according to t_k=t_k−1+b*Y_result, where t_k is the current synchronized time at time step k, t_k−1 is the previously determined synchronized time, that is, the synchronized time at time step k−1, and Y_result is the signal used for the adjustment, k numbers the time steps and b has the value 1 or is a value between 0 and 1. 22. The method according to claim 11, wherein a quality code number of an ith subscriber of the group is determined in accordance with GK_i=k*100%/m, wherein k=a number of cycles from a last m cycles, in which a gap between a synchronization setpoint value and a respective synchronization actual value is smaller than a threshold value or a critical value. 23. The method according to claim 11, wherein a code number for representing a synchronization readiness of a respective subscriber and/or an ith subscriber is determined in accordance with SB_i=MAX(100%−GK_i+SB_BASIC, 100%), wherein GK_i is a quality code number of at least one of the subscriber having a controller and an ith subscriber, and SB_BASIC is a specifiable parameter. 24. The method according to claim 11, wherein, to determine a quality code number GK to indicate the synchronization of the group of subscribers, for every subscriber of the group, a respective absolute value of respective differences between a synchronized time and a setpoint value associated with the subscriber and/or an ith subscriber of the group, is monitored to determine whether it falls below a critical value and/or a threshold value, and, if the critical value is undershot, a binary input signal of a quality code number ascertainment unit is set, the output signal of which represents the quality code number for indicating the synchronization of the group of participants. 25. The method according to claim 11, wherein at least one of (a) the subscribers include vehicles, (b) the time base includes a clock, (c) the data transmission is not in real time, (d) the data transmission includes a WLAN connection, (e) a time of the time base of the subscriber modified by a specific time offset of the synchronization is used as a time for an operation. 26. A system, comprising:
subscribers including at least one of (a) vehicles, (b) driverless transport devices, and (c) automatically-guided vehicles, and each including a device adapted to transmit and/or receive data and/or telegrams via a data transmission channel; wherein the system is adapted to perform the method recited in claim 11. | In a method for operating a system for intralogistic transport and system, the system having subscribers, in particular vehicles, which are connected via a data transmission channel such that each subscriber is a subscriber of a group of subscribers connected for data transmission via the data transmission channel, the data transmission being in particular not real-time capable, the data transmission channel being in particular a WLAN connection, each subscriber having a time base, in particular a clock, a group is formed; the time base of each subscriber of the group is synchronized, that is, in particular the time of the time base of the subscriber modified by a specific time offset by the synchronization is used as the time for operation; and subscribers are moved in dependence on a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, in particular the position activated by the respective subscriber, in particular at the respective point in time, depending on the respective position of at least one other subscriber of the group or on the respective position of multiple or all other subscribers of the group.1-10. (canceled) 11. A method for operating a system for intralogistic transport, the system having subscribers and/or vehicles, which are connected via a data transmission channel such that each subscriber is a subscriber of a group of subscribers connected for data transmission via the data transmission channel, the data transmission being not real-time capable and including a WLAN connection, each subscriber having a time base and/or a clock, comprising:
forming a group; synchronizing the time base of each subscriber of the group; and moving the subscribers in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, depending on a respective position of at least one other subscriber of the group or on a respective position of multiple or all other subscribers of the group. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a criterion is used to form the group. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the criterion includes at least one of (a) reachability by the data transmission via the data transmission channel, (b) distance from a first subscriber, and (c) distance from at least one of (i) a position and (ii) a position in space. 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the movement of the subscribers is performed in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as a master or in mutual dependence, and at least one of (a) according to the principle of an electronic cam disc, (b) according to the principle of an electronic transmission, and (c) as a combined kinematics movement having a virtual guide value reference. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the movement of the subscribers is carried out in accordance with a respective subscriber functioning as master or in mutual dependence by using values buffered in a memory of the respective subscriber. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the values include at least one of (a) guide values, (b) a field bus control word, (c) an emergency shutdown command, (d) a quick stop command, (e) a stop function command, and (f) a software-related command. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein a first subscriber of the group transmits at least one of (a) master telegram and (b) a broadcast telegram, and each subscriber of the group thereupon transmits a response telegram, where i numbers the subscribers of the group consecutively, when dispatching the master telegram, an associated time t1 being added by a first subscriber as a time stamp to the master telegram, the respective receiving subscriber adding a time stamp t2_i when receiving the master telegram, an ith subscriber, when dispatching the response telegram, adding a time stamp t3_i, and the master, when receiving the response telegram, adding a current time stamp t4, the first subscriber, which dispatched the master telegram, determining an estimate dt1_i for a propagation time, in accordance with the following relationship:
dt1_i=((t4−t1)−(t3_i−t2_i))/2. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the synchronization is determined in that for each response signal of the ith subscriber, the value t2_i is respectively used as a setpoint value t_setpoint_i, and t_actual_i, which is determined as the sum (t1+dt1_i), is used as a actual value, the setpoint value and the actual value being supplied to a controller element, a deviation between the setpoint value and the actual value being multiplied by a respective quality code GK and then being supplied to the controller element, output signals of the respective controller elements being added together and the synchronized time being determined from the output signals. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the controller element includes a linear element and/or a PI element. 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the summed signal is divided by the number of subscribers of the group and the result is multiplied by a code number that represents a synchronization readiness, and the signal Y_result thus obtained is used to correct the synchronized time. 21. The method according to claim 18, wherein the current synchronized time being determined according to t_k=t_k−1+b*Y_result, where t_k is the current synchronized time at time step k, t_k−1 is the previously determined synchronized time, that is, the synchronized time at time step k−1, and Y_result is the signal used for the adjustment, k numbers the time steps and b has the value 1 or is a value between 0 and 1. 22. The method according to claim 11, wherein a quality code number of an ith subscriber of the group is determined in accordance with GK_i=k*100%/m, wherein k=a number of cycles from a last m cycles, in which a gap between a synchronization setpoint value and a respective synchronization actual value is smaller than a threshold value or a critical value. 23. The method according to claim 11, wherein a code number for representing a synchronization readiness of a respective subscriber and/or an ith subscriber is determined in accordance with SB_i=MAX(100%−GK_i+SB_BASIC, 100%), wherein GK_i is a quality code number of at least one of the subscriber having a controller and an ith subscriber, and SB_BASIC is a specifiable parameter. 24. The method according to claim 11, wherein, to determine a quality code number GK to indicate the synchronization of the group of subscribers, for every subscriber of the group, a respective absolute value of respective differences between a synchronized time and a setpoint value associated with the subscriber and/or an ith subscriber of the group, is monitored to determine whether it falls below a critical value and/or a threshold value, and, if the critical value is undershot, a binary input signal of a quality code number ascertainment unit is set, the output signal of which represents the quality code number for indicating the synchronization of the group of participants. 25. The method according to claim 11, wherein at least one of (a) the subscribers include vehicles, (b) the time base includes a clock, (c) the data transmission is not in real time, (d) the data transmission includes a WLAN connection, (e) a time of the time base of the subscriber modified by a specific time offset of the synchronization is used as a time for an operation. 26. A system, comprising:
subscribers including at least one of (a) vehicles, (b) driverless transport devices, and (c) automatically-guided vehicles, and each including a device adapted to transmit and/or receive data and/or telegrams via a data transmission channel; wherein the system is adapted to perform the method recited in claim 11. | 2,400 |
8,476 | 8,476 | 14,735,104 | 2,462 | An embodiment of a communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier may include an input circuit to receive a plurality of input data channels, a framing circuit to frame an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels, an encoding circuit to select a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet, and a driver circuit to drive one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. The encoding circuit may select an amplitude, frequency or phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes, frequencies or phases, to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude, frequency or phase. The communication circuit also may include a receive circuit to receive one or more second data symbols from the isolator, a decoding circuit to decode a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol, and a deframing circuit to deframe the output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels. | 1. A communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
an input circuit to receive a plurality of input data channels; a framing circuit to frame an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; an encoding circuit to select a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and a driver circuit to drive one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 2. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 3. The communication circuit of claim 2, wherein the data symbol is a pulse having the selected amplitude. 4. The communication circuit of claim 2, further comprising a multiplexer circuit to provide the selected amplitude to the driver circuit. 5. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 6. The communication circuit of claim 5, wherein the data symbol is an oscillation having the selected frequency. 7. The communication circuit of claim 5, wherein the encoding circuit provides a signal indicating the selected frequency to a voltage controlled oscillator circuit coupled to the driver circuit. 8. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. 9. The communication circuit of claim 8, wherein the data symbol is an oscillation having the selected phase. 10. The communication circuit of claim 8, wherein the encoding circuit provides a signal indicating the selected phase to an oscillator and phase modulation circuit coupled to the driver circuit. 11. The communication circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
a receive circuit to receive one or more second data symbols from the isolator; a decoding circuit to decode a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol; and a deframing circuit to deframe the output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels. 12. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising at least one comparator to detect an amplitude of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected amplitude. 13. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a phase locked loop circuit to detect a frequency of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected frequency. 14. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a mixer circuit and a delay circuit to detect a phase of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected phase. 15. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a control circuit to control the driver and receive circuits to provide time division multiplexing of the driving and receiving of the data symbols over the isolator. 16. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the isolator is an inductive isolator device including a first coil on a first side of the isolation barrier and a second coil on a second side of the isolation barrier. 17. A method for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
receiving, by an input circuit of a communication circuit, a plurality of input data channels; framing, by a framing circuit of the communication circuit, an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; selecting, by an encoding circuit of the communication circuit, a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and driving, by a driver circuit of the communication circuit, one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. 21. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
receiving, by a receive circuit of the communication circuit, one or more second data symbols from the isolator; providing, by a decoding circuit of the communication circuit, a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol; and deframing, by a deframing circuit of the communication circuit, the received output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising controlling, by a control circuit of the communication circuit, the driver and receive circuits to provide time division multiplexing of the driving and receiving of the data symbols over the isolator. 23. A communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
means for receiving a plurality of input data channels; means for framing an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; means for selecting a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and means for driving one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 24. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 25. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 26. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. | An embodiment of a communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier may include an input circuit to receive a plurality of input data channels, a framing circuit to frame an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels, an encoding circuit to select a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet, and a driver circuit to drive one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. The encoding circuit may select an amplitude, frequency or phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes, frequencies or phases, to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude, frequency or phase. The communication circuit also may include a receive circuit to receive one or more second data symbols from the isolator, a decoding circuit to decode a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol, and a deframing circuit to deframe the output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels.1. A communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
an input circuit to receive a plurality of input data channels; a framing circuit to frame an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; an encoding circuit to select a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and a driver circuit to drive one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 2. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 3. The communication circuit of claim 2, wherein the data symbol is a pulse having the selected amplitude. 4. The communication circuit of claim 2, further comprising a multiplexer circuit to provide the selected amplitude to the driver circuit. 5. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 6. The communication circuit of claim 5, wherein the data symbol is an oscillation having the selected frequency. 7. The communication circuit of claim 5, wherein the encoding circuit provides a signal indicating the selected frequency to a voltage controlled oscillator circuit coupled to the driver circuit. 8. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the encoding circuit selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. 9. The communication circuit of claim 8, wherein the data symbol is an oscillation having the selected phase. 10. The communication circuit of claim 8, wherein the encoding circuit provides a signal indicating the selected phase to an oscillator and phase modulation circuit coupled to the driver circuit. 11. The communication circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
a receive circuit to receive one or more second data symbols from the isolator; a decoding circuit to decode a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol; and a deframing circuit to deframe the output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels. 12. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising at least one comparator to detect an amplitude of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected amplitude. 13. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a phase locked loop circuit to detect a frequency of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected frequency. 14. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a mixer circuit and a delay circuit to detect a phase of the second data symbol, wherein the decoding circuit decodes the plurality of bits as a function of the detected phase. 15. The communication circuit of claim 11, further comprising a control circuit to control the driver and receive circuits to provide time division multiplexing of the driving and receiving of the data symbols over the isolator. 16. The communication circuit of claim 1, wherein the isolator is an inductive isolator device including a first coil on a first side of the isolation barrier and a second coil on a second side of the isolation barrier. 17. A method for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
receiving, by an input circuit of a communication circuit, a plurality of input data channels; framing, by a framing circuit of the communication circuit, an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; selecting, by an encoding circuit of the communication circuit, a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and driving, by a driver circuit of the communication circuit, one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the encoding circuit selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. 21. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
receiving, by a receive circuit of the communication circuit, one or more second data symbols from the isolator; providing, by a decoding circuit of the communication circuit, a plurality of bits of an output data packet as a function of a characteristic of the second data symbol; and deframing, by a deframing circuit of the communication circuit, the received output data packet into output data of a plurality of output data channels. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising controlling, by a control circuit of the communication circuit, the driver and receive circuits to provide time division multiplexing of the driving and receiving of the data symbols over the isolator. 23. A communication circuit for communicating data across an isolation barrier, comprising:
means for receiving a plurality of input data channels; means for framing an input data packet from the plurality of input data channels; means for selecting a characteristic of a data symbol to represent a plurality of bits of the framed input data packet; and means for driving one or more data symbols representing the framed input data packet onto an isolator configured to communicate data across the isolation barrier. 24. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects an amplitude of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined amplitudes to encode the plurality of bits as the selected amplitude. 25. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects a frequency of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined frequencies to encode the plurality of bits as the selected frequency. 26. The communication circuit of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting selects a phase of the data symbol from a plurality of predetermined phases to encode the plurality of bits as the selected phase. | 2,400 |
8,477 | 8,477 | 14,498,115 | 2,439 | Disclosed are various embodiments that assess the risk of applications. In one embodiment, operations for an application are identified. A profile assigned to a usage category for the application is obtained. The number of times that at least one rule in the profile is violated is determined. A remedial action is initiated in response to the number of times that the at least one rule is violated exceeding a predefined threshold. | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium embodying program code executable in a computing device, the program code being configured to cause the computing device to at least:
obtain a list identifying an application installed in a client device; identify a plurality of operations to be performed when the application is executed; obtain information identifying a usage category for the application; obtain a profile that is assigned to the usage category, the profile specifying a first set of rules having a first risk level and a second set of rules having a second risk level; determine a first number of times that the first set of rules is violated by the plurality of operations; determine a second number of times that the second set of rules is violated by the plurality of operations; and in response to at least one of the first number of times or the second number of times exceeding at least one predetermined threshold, transmit a command to a management component in the client device, wherein the management component monitors at least a portion of a plurality of resources for the client device. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to at least generate a report that presents the first number of times that the at least one first rule is violated and the second number of times that the at least one second rule is violated. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the command causes the application to be uninstalled from the client device. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to obtain data that represents the usage category from a third party application repository that distributes a plurality of applications. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein, in response to at least one of the first number of times or the second number of times exceeding the at least one predetermined threshold, the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to at least cause the application to be uninstalled from a plurality of client devices that are managed by the computing device. 6. A method, comprising:
obtaining, in at least one computing device, an application installed in a client device; analyzing, using the at least one computing device, the application to identify a plurality of operations to be performed when the application is executed; obtaining, in the at least one computing device, a profile that is assigned to a usage category for the application, the profile comprising at least one rule having a risk level; determining, using the at least one computing device, a number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations; and encode for display a report that presents the number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein analyzing the application comprises:
decompiling a compiled version of the application to generate code; and identifying the plurality of operations represented in the code. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the report further presents a total number of times that the plurality of operations violate the at least one rule and a plurality of additional rules for the profile. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the report further presents a description of a violation of the at least one rule. 10. The method of claim 6, further comprising presenting, using the at least one computing device, the report in conjunction with at least one user interface that facilitates administration of a device management system. 11. The method of claim 6, further comprising obtaining, in the at least one computing device, the application in response to identifying that the application is installed in a client device that is managed by the at least one computing device. 12. The method of claim 6, further comprising generating, using the at least one computing device, at least one user interface that facilitates modification of the profile 13. The method of claim 6, further comprising obtaining, in the at least one computing device, data identifying the usage category from a third party application repository that distributes the application. 14. The method of claim 6, further comprising, transmitting, from the at least one computing device, a notification to a developer device, wherein the notification indicates that the application violates the profile. 15. A method, comprising:
analyzing, using at least one computing device, an application to identify a plurality of operations to be performed; obtaining, within the at least one computing device, a profile that is associated with the application, the profile defining at least one rule; determining, using the at least one computing device, a number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations; and in response to the number of times that the at least one rule is violated exceeding a predefined threshold, initiating, using the at least one computing device, a remedial action. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein analyzing the application comprises observing functionality performed when the application is being executed or simulated. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the remedial action comprises transmitting, from the at least one computing device, a command to a client device in which the application is installed. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component in the client device to at least cause data to become inaccessible to the client device. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component in the client device to uninstall the application. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component installed in the client device to cause a message to be displayed. 21. The method of claim 15, further comprising identifying, using the at least one computing device, a usage category for the application, wherein the profile is assigned to the usage category. 22. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying, using the at least one computing device, a quantity of a plurality of client devices in which the application is installed; and encoding for display at least one user interface that presents the quantity. 23. The method of claim 15, further comprising generating, using the at least one computing device, the profile by combining a plurality of rules for a plurality of other profiles. 24. The method of claim 15, further comprising transmitting, using the at least one computing device, data for the application to a machine learning system to train the machine learning system to identify at least one characteristic that indicates a violation of the profile. | Disclosed are various embodiments that assess the risk of applications. In one embodiment, operations for an application are identified. A profile assigned to a usage category for the application is obtained. The number of times that at least one rule in the profile is violated is determined. A remedial action is initiated in response to the number of times that the at least one rule is violated exceeding a predefined threshold.1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium embodying program code executable in a computing device, the program code being configured to cause the computing device to at least:
obtain a list identifying an application installed in a client device; identify a plurality of operations to be performed when the application is executed; obtain information identifying a usage category for the application; obtain a profile that is assigned to the usage category, the profile specifying a first set of rules having a first risk level and a second set of rules having a second risk level; determine a first number of times that the first set of rules is violated by the plurality of operations; determine a second number of times that the second set of rules is violated by the plurality of operations; and in response to at least one of the first number of times or the second number of times exceeding at least one predetermined threshold, transmit a command to a management component in the client device, wherein the management component monitors at least a portion of a plurality of resources for the client device. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to at least generate a report that presents the first number of times that the at least one first rule is violated and the second number of times that the at least one second rule is violated. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the command causes the application to be uninstalled from the client device. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to obtain data that represents the usage category from a third party application repository that distributes a plurality of applications. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein, in response to at least one of the first number of times or the second number of times exceeding the at least one predetermined threshold, the program code is further configured to cause the computing device to at least cause the application to be uninstalled from a plurality of client devices that are managed by the computing device. 6. A method, comprising:
obtaining, in at least one computing device, an application installed in a client device; analyzing, using the at least one computing device, the application to identify a plurality of operations to be performed when the application is executed; obtaining, in the at least one computing device, a profile that is assigned to a usage category for the application, the profile comprising at least one rule having a risk level; determining, using the at least one computing device, a number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations; and encode for display a report that presents the number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein analyzing the application comprises:
decompiling a compiled version of the application to generate code; and identifying the plurality of operations represented in the code. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the report further presents a total number of times that the plurality of operations violate the at least one rule and a plurality of additional rules for the profile. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the report further presents a description of a violation of the at least one rule. 10. The method of claim 6, further comprising presenting, using the at least one computing device, the report in conjunction with at least one user interface that facilitates administration of a device management system. 11. The method of claim 6, further comprising obtaining, in the at least one computing device, the application in response to identifying that the application is installed in a client device that is managed by the at least one computing device. 12. The method of claim 6, further comprising generating, using the at least one computing device, at least one user interface that facilitates modification of the profile 13. The method of claim 6, further comprising obtaining, in the at least one computing device, data identifying the usage category from a third party application repository that distributes the application. 14. The method of claim 6, further comprising, transmitting, from the at least one computing device, a notification to a developer device, wherein the notification indicates that the application violates the profile. 15. A method, comprising:
analyzing, using at least one computing device, an application to identify a plurality of operations to be performed; obtaining, within the at least one computing device, a profile that is associated with the application, the profile defining at least one rule; determining, using the at least one computing device, a number of times that the at least one rule is violated by the plurality of operations; and in response to the number of times that the at least one rule is violated exceeding a predefined threshold, initiating, using the at least one computing device, a remedial action. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein analyzing the application comprises observing functionality performed when the application is being executed or simulated. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the remedial action comprises transmitting, from the at least one computing device, a command to a client device in which the application is installed. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component in the client device to at least cause data to become inaccessible to the client device. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component in the client device to uninstall the application. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the command instructs a management component installed in the client device to cause a message to be displayed. 21. The method of claim 15, further comprising identifying, using the at least one computing device, a usage category for the application, wherein the profile is assigned to the usage category. 22. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying, using the at least one computing device, a quantity of a plurality of client devices in which the application is installed; and encoding for display at least one user interface that presents the quantity. 23. The method of claim 15, further comprising generating, using the at least one computing device, the profile by combining a plurality of rules for a plurality of other profiles. 24. The method of claim 15, further comprising transmitting, using the at least one computing device, data for the application to a machine learning system to train the machine learning system to identify at least one characteristic that indicates a violation of the profile. | 2,400 |
8,478 | 8,478 | 15,809,896 | 2,469 | Methods and systems are provided for cooperating routers in communication networks. The cooperating routers conduct a handshake to exchange information with respect to “cooperation types” which they are capable of performing and/or are configured to perform. In an exemplary “emergency connection” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use the ISP connection of another cooperating router to send and receive packets. In an exemplary “bandwidth sharing” cooperation type, one cooperating router may make excess bandwidth available for use by other cooperating routers. In an exemplary “latency optimization” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use another cooperating router to transmit duplicates of packets or to implement suppression techniques. | 1. A method of managing packets, the method comprising:
receiving, by a first routing device comprising a plurality of interfaces, a plurality of packets from a source device via a first interface; determining, by the first routing device, that the plurality of packets comprises at least one latency-critical packet; generating, by the first routing device, at least a first copy-packet of the at least one latency-critical packet; transmitting, by the first routing device, the at least one latency-critical packet to a target device via a second interface; and transmitting, by the first routing device, the at least first copy-packet to a second routing device via a third interface. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the first routing device, the at least one latency-critical packet based on one or more packet characteristics. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising establishing, by the first routing device, a latency-critical session in response to identifying the at least one latency-critical packet. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the first routing device, a request for a service for packet transmission to the second routing device via the third interface. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the request to the second routing device for the service for packet transmission comprises an advertisement message. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein transmitting the at least first copy-packet to the second routing device via the third interface occurs after receiving a positive response to the request from the second routing device. 7. The method of claim 4, further comprising establishing a logical connection between the first routing device and the second routing device. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a target address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the target address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the second routing device. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a source address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the source address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the first routing device. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a target port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the target port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a target port of the second routing device. 11. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a source port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the source port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a port of the first routing device. 12. The method of claim 4, wherein the first target device is a proxy device. 13. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least first copy-packet comprises content instructing the second routing device to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the target device. 14. The method of claim 4, further comprises generating, by the first routing device, a cryptographic signature using a cryptographic algorithm for the at least first copy-packet that uniquely identifies the first routing device to the target device. 15. A routing device comprising:
a plurality of interfaces, wherein the routing device is configured to receive a plurality of packets from a source device via a first interface; a processor configure to:
determine that the plurality of packets received via the first interface comprise at least one latency-critical packet;
generate at least a first copy-packet of the at least one latency-critical packet;
transmit the at least one latency-critical packet to a target device via a second interface; and
transmit the at least first copy-packet to a second routing device via a third interface. 16. The routing device of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the plurality of packets received via the first interface comprise the at least one latency-critical packet based on one or more packet characteristics. 17. The routing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to establish a latency-critical session in response to identifying the at least one latency-critical packet. 18. The routing device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit a request for a service for packet transmission to the second routing device via the third interface. 19. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the request to the second routing device for the service for packet transmission comprises an advertisement message. 20. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the second routing device via the third interface after the processor receives a positive response to the request from the second routing device. 21. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to establish a logical connection between the first routing device and the second routing device. 22. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a target address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the target address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the second routing device. 23. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a source address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the source address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the first routing device. 24. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a target port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the target port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a target port of the second routing device. 25. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a source port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the source port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a port of the routing device. 26. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the first target device is a proxy device. 27. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the at least first copy-packet comprises content instructing the second routing device to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the target device. 28. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to generate a cryptographic signature using a cryptographic algorithm for the at least first copy-packet that uniquely identifies the routing device to the target device. 29. A method of managing packets, the method comprising:
maintaining, by a first routing device, a communication session with a target device, wherein the first routing device receives packets from a source device via a first interface and transmitting the packets to the target device via a second interface; detecting, by the first routing device, a problem with the communication session with the target device; transmitting, by the first routing device, an emergency connection message to a second routing device via a third interface; receiving from the second routing device an emergency connection acknowledgement message; and transmitting, by the first routing device, the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein transmitting the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface occurs after receiving the emergency connection acknowledgement message 31. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
detecting, by the first routing device, that the problem has resolved and the communication session with the target device has been restored; transmitting, by the first routing device, an emergency connection termination message to the second routing device via the third interface; receiving from the second routing device an emergency connection termination acknowledgement message; resuming transmitting, by the first routing device, the packets received from the source device to the target device via the second interface. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the communication session is one selected from the group comprising: a TCP session, a UDP session and a latency-critical session. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein detecting a problem with the communication session comprises detecting, by the first routing device, that it has not received an incoming packet over the second interface for a predetermined or configurable amount of time. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein detecting a problem with the communication session comprises transmitting a ping message via the second interface and not receiving a response to the ping message. 35. The method of claim 29, wherein the packets received from the source device via the first device comprise latency-critical packets. 36. A routing device comprising:
a first interface configured to receive packets from a source device; a second interface to transmit the packets to a target device; and a processor configured to:
maintain a communication session with the target device;
detect a problem with the communication session with the target device;
transmit an emergency connection message to a second routing device via a third interface of the routing device;
receive from the second routing device an emergency connection acknowledgement message; and
transmit the packet received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface. 37. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the process is configured to transmit the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface after the processor receives the emergency connection acknowledgement message. 38. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect that the problem has resolved and the communication session with the target device has been restored; transmit an emergency connection termination message to the second routing device via the third interface; receive from the second routing device an emergency connection termination acknowledgement message; resume transmitting the packets received from the source device to the target device via the second interface. 39. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the communication session is one selected from the group comprising: a TCP session, a UDP session and a latency-critical session. 40. The routing device of claim 36, wherein to detect a problem with the communication session the processor is further configured to detect that the routing device has not received an incoming packet over the second interface for a predetermined or configurable amount of time. 41. The routing device of claim 36, wherein to detect a problem with the communication session the processor is further configured to transmit a ping message via the second interface and not receive a response to the ping message. 42. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the packets received from the source device via the first device comprise latency-critical packets. | Methods and systems are provided for cooperating routers in communication networks. The cooperating routers conduct a handshake to exchange information with respect to “cooperation types” which they are capable of performing and/or are configured to perform. In an exemplary “emergency connection” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use the ISP connection of another cooperating router to send and receive packets. In an exemplary “bandwidth sharing” cooperation type, one cooperating router may make excess bandwidth available for use by other cooperating routers. In an exemplary “latency optimization” cooperation type, one cooperating router may use another cooperating router to transmit duplicates of packets or to implement suppression techniques.1. A method of managing packets, the method comprising:
receiving, by a first routing device comprising a plurality of interfaces, a plurality of packets from a source device via a first interface; determining, by the first routing device, that the plurality of packets comprises at least one latency-critical packet; generating, by the first routing device, at least a first copy-packet of the at least one latency-critical packet; transmitting, by the first routing device, the at least one latency-critical packet to a target device via a second interface; and transmitting, by the first routing device, the at least first copy-packet to a second routing device via a third interface. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the first routing device, the at least one latency-critical packet based on one or more packet characteristics. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising establishing, by the first routing device, a latency-critical session in response to identifying the at least one latency-critical packet. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the first routing device, a request for a service for packet transmission to the second routing device via the third interface. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the request to the second routing device for the service for packet transmission comprises an advertisement message. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein transmitting the at least first copy-packet to the second routing device via the third interface occurs after receiving a positive response to the request from the second routing device. 7. The method of claim 4, further comprising establishing a logical connection between the first routing device and the second routing device. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a target address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the target address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the second routing device. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a source address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the source address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the first routing device. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a target port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the target port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a target port of the second routing device. 11. The method of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the first routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the method further comprises:
identifying, by the first routing device, a source port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and changing, by the first routing device, a content of the source port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a port of the first routing device. 12. The method of claim 4, wherein the first target device is a proxy device. 13. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least first copy-packet comprises content instructing the second routing device to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the target device. 14. The method of claim 4, further comprises generating, by the first routing device, a cryptographic signature using a cryptographic algorithm for the at least first copy-packet that uniquely identifies the first routing device to the target device. 15. A routing device comprising:
a plurality of interfaces, wherein the routing device is configured to receive a plurality of packets from a source device via a first interface; a processor configure to:
determine that the plurality of packets received via the first interface comprise at least one latency-critical packet;
generate at least a first copy-packet of the at least one latency-critical packet;
transmit the at least one latency-critical packet to a target device via a second interface; and
transmit the at least first copy-packet to a second routing device via a third interface. 16. The routing device of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine that the plurality of packets received via the first interface comprise the at least one latency-critical packet based on one or more packet characteristics. 17. The routing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to establish a latency-critical session in response to identifying the at least one latency-critical packet. 18. The routing device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit a request for a service for packet transmission to the second routing device via the third interface. 19. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the request to the second routing device for the service for packet transmission comprises an advertisement message. 20. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the second routing device via the third interface after the processor receives a positive response to the request from the second routing device. 21. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to establish a logical connection between the first routing device and the second routing device. 22. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a target address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the target address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the second routing device. 23. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a source address field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the source address field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect an address of the first routing device. 24. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a target port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the target port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a target port of the second routing device. 25. The routing device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of packets received by the routing device via the first interface comprises a plurality of fields, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a source port field in the plurality of fields of the at least one latency-critical packet; and change a content of the source port field of the at least first copy-packet to reflect a port of the routing device. 26. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the first target device is a proxy device. 27. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the at least first copy-packet comprises content instructing the second routing device to transmit the at least first copy-packet to the target device. 28. The routing device of claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to generate a cryptographic signature using a cryptographic algorithm for the at least first copy-packet that uniquely identifies the routing device to the target device. 29. A method of managing packets, the method comprising:
maintaining, by a first routing device, a communication session with a target device, wherein the first routing device receives packets from a source device via a first interface and transmitting the packets to the target device via a second interface; detecting, by the first routing device, a problem with the communication session with the target device; transmitting, by the first routing device, an emergency connection message to a second routing device via a third interface; receiving from the second routing device an emergency connection acknowledgement message; and transmitting, by the first routing device, the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein transmitting the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface occurs after receiving the emergency connection acknowledgement message 31. The method of claim 29, further comprising:
detecting, by the first routing device, that the problem has resolved and the communication session with the target device has been restored; transmitting, by the first routing device, an emergency connection termination message to the second routing device via the third interface; receiving from the second routing device an emergency connection termination acknowledgement message; resuming transmitting, by the first routing device, the packets received from the source device to the target device via the second interface. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the communication session is one selected from the group comprising: a TCP session, a UDP session and a latency-critical session. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein detecting a problem with the communication session comprises detecting, by the first routing device, that it has not received an incoming packet over the second interface for a predetermined or configurable amount of time. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein detecting a problem with the communication session comprises transmitting a ping message via the second interface and not receiving a response to the ping message. 35. The method of claim 29, wherein the packets received from the source device via the first device comprise latency-critical packets. 36. A routing device comprising:
a first interface configured to receive packets from a source device; a second interface to transmit the packets to a target device; and a processor configured to:
maintain a communication session with the target device;
detect a problem with the communication session with the target device;
transmit an emergency connection message to a second routing device via a third interface of the routing device;
receive from the second routing device an emergency connection acknowledgement message; and
transmit the packet received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface. 37. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the process is configured to transmit the packets received from the source device to the second routing device via the third interface after the processor receives the emergency connection acknowledgement message. 38. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect that the problem has resolved and the communication session with the target device has been restored; transmit an emergency connection termination message to the second routing device via the third interface; receive from the second routing device an emergency connection termination acknowledgement message; resume transmitting the packets received from the source device to the target device via the second interface. 39. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the communication session is one selected from the group comprising: a TCP session, a UDP session and a latency-critical session. 40. The routing device of claim 36, wherein to detect a problem with the communication session the processor is further configured to detect that the routing device has not received an incoming packet over the second interface for a predetermined or configurable amount of time. 41. The routing device of claim 36, wherein to detect a problem with the communication session the processor is further configured to transmit a ping message via the second interface and not receive a response to the ping message. 42. The routing device of claim 36, wherein the packets received from the source device via the first device comprise latency-critical packets. | 2,400 |
8,479 | 8,479 | 14,816,944 | 2,425 | In accordance with some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, mechanisms for providing media guidance with media content from alternate sources are provided. In some embodiments, a method for providing media guidance with a plurality of media sources is provided, the method comprising: storing a plurality of media content listings corresponding to a plurality of media content items, wherein each of the plurality of media content items is provided by a content source; determining a subset of the plurality of media content listings for presenting to a user; determining, for each media content listing in the subset of the plurality of media content listings, whether an alternate source for providing a media content item corresponding to a media content listing is available, wherein the alternate source is different from the content source; and causing a subset of the plurality of media content listings to be presented to the user, wherein a selectable alternate source indicator is presented within the corresponding media content listing in response to determining that the media content item is available from the alternate source. | 1. A method for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the method comprising:
receiving, using a hardware processor, media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources; determining, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources; causing the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and causing the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
accessing a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and presenting the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising inhibiting additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieving the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. 8. A system for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the system comprising:
a hardware processor that is configured to:
receive media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources;
determine, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources;
cause the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and
cause the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to:
access a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determine whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determine whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and present the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 13. The system of claim 5, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to inhibit additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to:
obtain user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieve the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the method comprising:
receiving media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources; determining, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources; causing the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and causing the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises:
accessing a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and presenting the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the method further comprises inhibiting additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieving the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. | In accordance with some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, mechanisms for providing media guidance with media content from alternate sources are provided. In some embodiments, a method for providing media guidance with a plurality of media sources is provided, the method comprising: storing a plurality of media content listings corresponding to a plurality of media content items, wherein each of the plurality of media content items is provided by a content source; determining a subset of the plurality of media content listings for presenting to a user; determining, for each media content listing in the subset of the plurality of media content listings, whether an alternate source for providing a media content item corresponding to a media content listing is available, wherein the alternate source is different from the content source; and causing a subset of the plurality of media content listings to be presented to the user, wherein a selectable alternate source indicator is presented within the corresponding media content listing in response to determining that the media content item is available from the alternate source.1. A method for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the method comprising:
receiving, using a hardware processor, media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources; determining, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources; causing the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and causing the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
accessing a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and presenting the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising inhibiting additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieving the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. 8. A system for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the system comprising:
a hardware processor that is configured to:
receive media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources;
determine, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources;
cause the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and
cause the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to:
access a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determine whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determine whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and present the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 13. The system of claim 5, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to inhibit additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to:
obtain user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieve the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for providing media guidance with a plurality of sources, the method comprising:
receiving media content information corresponding to a plurality of media content items available for playback from at least one of a plurality of content sources; determining, without user intervention, for a media content item of the plurality of media content items, an availability of the media content item from an alternate source of media content that is different than the plurality of content sources; causing the media content information from at least a portion of the plurality of media content items to be presented and, for the media content item that is available from the alternate source of media content, an alternate source indicator with the corresponding media content information to be presented; and causing the media content item to be presented in response to receiving a selection of the alternate source indicator. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the at least one content source is a broadcast television source and the alternate source is an over-the-top content source. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the media content information is presented as a program listings grid having one or more rows of media content listings. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the media content information is presented as a list of search results responsive to a search query. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises:
accessing a recommendation list having at least a first alternate source and a second alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the first alternate source; determining whether the media content item is available from the second alternate source in response to determining that the media content item is unavailable from the first alternate source; and presenting the alternate source indicator in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source, wherein the second alternate source is assigned to the media content item. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the method further comprises inhibiting additional alternate sources from being searched for the media content item in response to determining that the media content item is available from the second alternate source. 21. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining user information associated with the alternate source; and retrieving the media content item from the alternate source using the user information in response to receiving the user selection of the alternate source indicator. | 2,400 |
8,480 | 8,480 | 11,955,170 | 2,495 | Information is identified as sensitive and a lapsed time job (Chron Job) is created that will allow the deletion of sensitive information after a period of time. The interval could be set to be longer than vacation or other planned use, and yet short enough to limit the period where risk to the organization or individual is incurred. The Chron Job could be integrated with the user's calendar, such that the Chron Job considers holiday time as a means of delaying execution of the Chron Job which would allow a shorter interval to be selected. In addition to deletion of the information identified as sensitive, additional steps could also be taken, such as the purging of the recycle bin, modification of the FAT, and optionally the deletion of related information. Once information is identified as sensitive, the information and derivative works are tracked and managed. | 1. A method of managing information comprising:
associating a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive, tracking actions relative to the sensitive information; and performing, in response to the tracking step, an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensitive information identifier includes an expiration time. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting a tamper attempt and performing an action based on the sensitive information identifier. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining an environment in which access to the sensitive information is requested, and comparing the environment to a signature. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising performing an action specified in the sensitive information identifier based on the determining step. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating a ranking with the sensitive information identifier. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensitive information identifier is associated with one or more of a database, spreadsheet, presentation, email, file, application, operating system, device and electronic information. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising the sensitive information identifier specifying one or more of preventing boot of a device, blanking the screen of the device, disabling a keyboard or other input or communication device, halting an application, obfuscating sensitive information, restricting distribution of the sensitive information, preventing access to the device that contains the sensitive information, requesting supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, altering a boot sequence of the device that contains the sensitive information, modifying an operating system, modifying a profile of the device storing the sensitive information and disabling the device. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying sensitive information based on a template. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a user interface allowing management of the sensitive information identifier. 11. An information management system comprising:
an intelligent analysis module adapted to associate a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive and to track actions relative to the sensitive information; and a sensitive information identifier action module adapted to perform an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier includes an expiration time. 13. The system of claim 11, further comprising a tamper module adapted to detect a tamper attempt and operate in conjunction with the sensitive information identifier action module to perform an action based on the sensitive information identifier. 14. The system of claim 11, further comprising a signature module adapted to determine an environment in which access to the sensitive information is requested, and compare the environment to a signature. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein an action specified in the sensitive information identifier is performed based on the determining step. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein a ranking is associated with the sensitive information identifier. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier is associated with one or more of a database, spreadsheet, presentation, email, file, application, operating system, device and electronic information. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier specifies one or more of preventing boot of a device, blanking the screen of the device, disabling a keyboard or other input or communication device, halting an application, obfuscating sensitive information, restricting distribution of the sensitive information, preventing access to the device that contains the sensitive information, requesting supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, altering a boot sequence of the device that contains the sensitive information, modifying an operating system, modifying a profile of the device storing the sensitive information and disabling the device. 19. The system of claim 11, further comprising a sensitive information identifier profile management module adapted to identify sensitive information based on a template. 20. Means for managing information comprising:
means for associating a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive, means for tracking actions relative to the sensitive information; and means for performing an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 21. A computer readable medium comprising processor executable instructions operable to perform the method of claim 1. 22. A sensitive information identifier, configured to track sensitive information, comprising:
an indicator specifying the sensitive information; a portion to log actions relative to at least one computational component storing the sensitive information; and an action portion that specifies an action relative to the sensitive information based on logged actions. | Information is identified as sensitive and a lapsed time job (Chron Job) is created that will allow the deletion of sensitive information after a period of time. The interval could be set to be longer than vacation or other planned use, and yet short enough to limit the period where risk to the organization or individual is incurred. The Chron Job could be integrated with the user's calendar, such that the Chron Job considers holiday time as a means of delaying execution of the Chron Job which would allow a shorter interval to be selected. In addition to deletion of the information identified as sensitive, additional steps could also be taken, such as the purging of the recycle bin, modification of the FAT, and optionally the deletion of related information. Once information is identified as sensitive, the information and derivative works are tracked and managed.1. A method of managing information comprising:
associating a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive, tracking actions relative to the sensitive information; and performing, in response to the tracking step, an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensitive information identifier includes an expiration time. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting a tamper attempt and performing an action based on the sensitive information identifier. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining an environment in which access to the sensitive information is requested, and comparing the environment to a signature. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising performing an action specified in the sensitive information identifier based on the determining step. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising associating a ranking with the sensitive information identifier. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensitive information identifier is associated with one or more of a database, spreadsheet, presentation, email, file, application, operating system, device and electronic information. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising the sensitive information identifier specifying one or more of preventing boot of a device, blanking the screen of the device, disabling a keyboard or other input or communication device, halting an application, obfuscating sensitive information, restricting distribution of the sensitive information, preventing access to the device that contains the sensitive information, requesting supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, altering a boot sequence of the device that contains the sensitive information, modifying an operating system, modifying a profile of the device storing the sensitive information and disabling the device. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying sensitive information based on a template. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a user interface allowing management of the sensitive information identifier. 11. An information management system comprising:
an intelligent analysis module adapted to associate a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive and to track actions relative to the sensitive information; and a sensitive information identifier action module adapted to perform an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier includes an expiration time. 13. The system of claim 11, further comprising a tamper module adapted to detect a tamper attempt and operate in conjunction with the sensitive information identifier action module to perform an action based on the sensitive information identifier. 14. The system of claim 11, further comprising a signature module adapted to determine an environment in which access to the sensitive information is requested, and compare the environment to a signature. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein an action specified in the sensitive information identifier is performed based on the determining step. 16. The system of claim 11, wherein a ranking is associated with the sensitive information identifier. 17. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier is associated with one or more of a database, spreadsheet, presentation, email, file, application, operating system, device and electronic information. 18. The system of claim 11, wherein the sensitive information identifier specifies one or more of preventing boot of a device, blanking the screen of the device, disabling a keyboard or other input or communication device, halting an application, obfuscating sensitive information, restricting distribution of the sensitive information, preventing access to the device that contains the sensitive information, requesting supplemental authentication for access to the sensitive information, altering a boot sequence of the device that contains the sensitive information, modifying an operating system, modifying a profile of the device storing the sensitive information and disabling the device. 19. The system of claim 11, further comprising a sensitive information identifier profile management module adapted to identify sensitive information based on a template. 20. Means for managing information comprising:
means for associating a sensitive information identifier with information identified as sensitive, means for tracking actions relative to the sensitive information; and means for performing an action on the sensitive information based on information in the sensitive information identifier, wherein the action includes one or more of deletion, sanitization, obfuscation and access restriction. 21. A computer readable medium comprising processor executable instructions operable to perform the method of claim 1. 22. A sensitive information identifier, configured to track sensitive information, comprising:
an indicator specifying the sensitive information; a portion to log actions relative to at least one computational component storing the sensitive information; and an action portion that specifies an action relative to the sensitive information based on logged actions. | 2,400 |
8,481 | 8,481 | 13,807,247 | 2,461 | In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a user equipment establishes a connection to a local area network, transmits information relating to the local area network to a gateway selection function, the gateway selection function determines whether a method to configure the local area network can be obtained, and the gateway selection function configures the local area network and local route parameters in the user equipment either via the local area network or via a cellular network. | 1. An apparatus, comprising:
logic circuitry configured to cause a connection to be established to a local area network; memory configured to store information relating to the local area network; the logic circuitry configured to cause at least part of the information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from the apparatus to a gateway selection function; and transceiver circuitry configured to receive configuration information from the gateway selection function, wherein the configuration information comprises at least one of: a traffic filter, charging advice, a bandwidth quota, bearer parameters, and context parameters,
wherein the gateway selection function is comprised in a core network of a cellular communication network. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via the local area network. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via a cellular network. 4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the configuration information is received via the local area network. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the configuration information is received via a cellular network. 6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gateway selection function is comprised in a core network of either a home or a visited cellular network of a subscriber associated with the apparatus. 7. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network comprises at least one of: internet protocol address of the apparatus via the local area network, a network mask, a default gateway identity, a name-to-address mapping server identity, a local area network identity, and location information. 8. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a user equipment and an antenna. 9. A method, comprising:
causing a connection to be established to a local area network; causing information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from a user equipment to a gateway selection function in a core network of a cellular communication network; and receiving reconfiguration information from the gateway selection function, wherein the reconfiguration information comprises at least one of: a traffic filter, charging advice, a bandwidth quota, bearer parameters, and context parameters. 10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via the local area network. 11. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via a cellular network. 12. A method according to claim 9, wherein the configuration information is received via the local area network. 13. A method according to claim 9, wherein the configuration information is received via a cellular network. 14. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network comprises at least one of: internet protocol address of the apparatus via the local area network, a network mask, a default gateway identity, a name-to-address mapping server identity, a local area network identity, and location information. 15. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:
receive information relating to a local area network from a user equipment;
determine whether at least one method to control the local area network can be obtained;
responsive to at least one method to control the local area network being successfully obtained, cause the local area network to be configured by using the method; and
cause local area network parameters in the user equipment to be configured. 16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the method to control the local area network is obtained from a database. 17. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the database is shared and is comprised in a different domain than the apparatus. 18. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the method to control the local area network is obtained by requesting if from the local area network. 19. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the local area network parameters in the user equipment are configured via the local area network. 20. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the local area network parameters in the user equipment are configured via a cellular network. 21. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein responsive to a determination that at least one method to control the local area network cannot be obtained, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to configure the user equipment to cause at least a part of local area network traffic originating from the user equipment to be tunneled to an operator gateway. 22. A computer program product comprising a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium bearing computer program code embodied therein for use with a computer, the computer program code comprising:
code for causing a connection to be established to a local area network; code for causing information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from a user equipment to a gateway selection function in a core network of a cellular communication network; and code for receiving reconfiguration information from the gateway selection function. 23. A computer program product comprising a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium bearing computer program code embodied therein for use with a computer, the computer program code comprising:
code for receiving information relating to a local area network from a user equipment; code for determining whether at least one method to control the local area network can be obtained; code for causing the local area network to be configured by using the method responsive to at least one method to control the local area network being successfully obtained; and code for causing local area network parameters in the user equipment to be configured. | In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a user equipment establishes a connection to a local area network, transmits information relating to the local area network to a gateway selection function, the gateway selection function determines whether a method to configure the local area network can be obtained, and the gateway selection function configures the local area network and local route parameters in the user equipment either via the local area network or via a cellular network.1. An apparatus, comprising:
logic circuitry configured to cause a connection to be established to a local area network; memory configured to store information relating to the local area network; the logic circuitry configured to cause at least part of the information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from the apparatus to a gateway selection function; and transceiver circuitry configured to receive configuration information from the gateway selection function, wherein the configuration information comprises at least one of: a traffic filter, charging advice, a bandwidth quota, bearer parameters, and context parameters,
wherein the gateway selection function is comprised in a core network of a cellular communication network. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via the local area network. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via a cellular network. 4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the configuration information is received via the local area network. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the configuration information is received via a cellular network. 6. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gateway selection function is comprised in a core network of either a home or a visited cellular network of a subscriber associated with the apparatus. 7. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the local area network comprises at least one of: internet protocol address of the apparatus via the local area network, a network mask, a default gateway identity, a name-to-address mapping server identity, a local area network identity, and location information. 8. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a user equipment and an antenna. 9. A method, comprising:
causing a connection to be established to a local area network; causing information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from a user equipment to a gateway selection function in a core network of a cellular communication network; and receiving reconfiguration information from the gateway selection function, wherein the reconfiguration information comprises at least one of: a traffic filter, charging advice, a bandwidth quota, bearer parameters, and context parameters. 10. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via the local area network. 11. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network is caused to be transmitted via a cellular network. 12. A method according to claim 9, wherein the configuration information is received via the local area network. 13. A method according to claim 9, wherein the configuration information is received via a cellular network. 14. A method according to claim 9, wherein the information relating to the local area network comprises at least one of: internet protocol address of the apparatus via the local area network, a network mask, a default gateway identity, a name-to-address mapping server identity, a local area network identity, and location information. 15. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:
receive information relating to a local area network from a user equipment;
determine whether at least one method to control the local area network can be obtained;
responsive to at least one method to control the local area network being successfully obtained, cause the local area network to be configured by using the method; and
cause local area network parameters in the user equipment to be configured. 16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the method to control the local area network is obtained from a database. 17. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the database is shared and is comprised in a different domain than the apparatus. 18. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the method to control the local area network is obtained by requesting if from the local area network. 19. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the local area network parameters in the user equipment are configured via the local area network. 20. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the local area network parameters in the user equipment are configured via a cellular network. 21. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein responsive to a determination that at least one method to control the local area network cannot be obtained, the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to configure the user equipment to cause at least a part of local area network traffic originating from the user equipment to be tunneled to an operator gateway. 22. A computer program product comprising a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium bearing computer program code embodied therein for use with a computer, the computer program code comprising:
code for causing a connection to be established to a local area network; code for causing information relating to the local area network to be transmitted from a user equipment to a gateway selection function in a core network of a cellular communication network; and code for receiving reconfiguration information from the gateway selection function. 23. A computer program product comprising a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium bearing computer program code embodied therein for use with a computer, the computer program code comprising:
code for receiving information relating to a local area network from a user equipment; code for determining whether at least one method to control the local area network can be obtained; code for causing the local area network to be configured by using the method responsive to at least one method to control the local area network being successfully obtained; and code for causing local area network parameters in the user equipment to be configured. | 2,400 |
8,482 | 8,482 | 15,205,884 | 2,495 | A server obtains a message that an authorization for requesting an action via a first apparatus is allocated, wherein the action can be caused by a separate control unit. The server compiles information that identifies the action and that allows the first apparatus to check the authorization. The compiled information is transmitted to a second apparatus. The first apparatus can obtain a message from the second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of the action. The first apparatus checks the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message and whether the action is an action that is to be caused by the first apparatus or by the control unit. If it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, then the first apparatus transmits a request to the control unit to cause the action. | 1. A method, performed by a first apparatus, said method comprising:
obtaining a message from a second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of an action, checking the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message, checking whether the action is an action that is to be performed or caused by the first apparatus or an action that is to be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, and if it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, transmitting a request to the control unit to cause the action. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the checking of the authorization for the request comprises the following:
decrypting encrypted data contained in the message, and comparing the decrypted data with unencrypted data, wherein the unencrypted data are likewise contained in the obtained message, derived from contained data and/or stored in the first apparatus; and/or checking a digital signature contained in the message for data contained in the message on the basis of the data contained in the message. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an action that is to be caused by the control unit comprises one of the following actions:
enabling access to a secured area; enabling access to a secured area, the area not being a parcel box receiving area, a letterbox receiving area or a parcel butler receiving area; opening or releasing a door or a gate; and opening or releasing a door, the door not being a parcel box door or a letterbox door. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first apparatus
is fitted at a fixed location and/or controls access to a receiving unit and/or is fitted in or on a parcel box and/or is a locking system of a parcel box and/or is fitted in or on a parcel butler and/or is a locking system of a parcel butler and/or is a receiving unit. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first apparatus
comprises a locking mechanism, a processor, a memory and two communication interfaces and/or uses a first communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and a second, different communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit and/or uses a radio-based communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and/or uses a radio-based communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit. 6. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the first apparatus is one of a parcel box or a parcel butler or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel box or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel butler; and wherein the control unit is one of a control unit of a home automation system or a control unit of a central locking system of a building. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second apparatus
is a portable electronic device and/or is a portable electronic device of a delivery agent and/or is a hand-held scanner and/or is a mobile communication device. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is a server of a home automation system and/or is a server of a central locking system of a building. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the received message contains at least one parameter that limits the time for the authorization. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit causes the action on obtaining the request from the first apparatus. 11. An apparatus comprising at least one memory having program instructions of a computer program and at least one processor, the computer program configured to cause a first apparatus to perform the following when executed by the at least one processor:
obtain a message from a second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of an action, check the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message, check whether the action is an action that is to be performed or caused by the first apparatus or an action that is to be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, and if it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, transmit a request to the control unit to cause the action. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the checking of the authorization for the request comprises the following:
decrypting encrypted data contained in the message, and comparing the decrypted data with unencrypted data, wherein the unencrypted data are likewise contained in the obtained message, derived from contained data and/or stored in the first apparatus; and/or checking a digital signature contained in the message for data contained in the message on the basis of the data contained in the message. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein an action that is to be caused by the control unit comprises one of the following actions:
enabling access to a secured area; enabling access to a secured area, the area not being a parcel box receiving area, a letterbox receiving area or a parcel butler receiving area; opening or releasing a door or a gate; and opening or releasing a door, the door not being a parcel box door or a letterbox door. 14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first apparatus
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is configured to control access to a receiving unit and/or is fitted in or on a parcel box and/or is a locking system of a parcel box and/or is fitted in or on a parcel butler and/or is a locking system of a parcel butler and/or is a receiving unit. 15. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first apparatus
comprises a locking mechanism, a processor, a memory and two communication interfaces and/or is configured to use a first communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and a second, different communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit and/or is configured to use a radio-based communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and/or is configured to use a radio-based communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit. 16. The apparatus according to claim 11,
wherein the first apparatus is one of a parcel box or a parcel butler or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel box or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel butler; and wherein the control unit is one of a control unit of a home automation system or a control unit of a central locking system of a building. 17. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the second apparatus
is a portable electronic device and/or is a portable electronic device of a delivery agent and/or is a hand-held scanner and/or is a mobile communication device. 18. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the control unit
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is a server of a home automation system and/or is a server of a central locking system of a building. 19. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the received message contains at least one parameter that limits the time for the authorization. 20. An apparatus comprising at least one memory having program instructions of a computer program and at least one processor, the computer program configured to cause a server to perform the following when executed by the at least one processor:
obtain a message that an authorization for requesting an action via a first apparatus is allocated, wherein the action can be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, compile information that identifies the action and that allows the first apparatus to check the authorization, the information being based on the obtained message, and cause transmission of the compiled information to a second apparatus in order to authorize the second apparatus to request causing of the action by the control unit via the first apparatus. | A server obtains a message that an authorization for requesting an action via a first apparatus is allocated, wherein the action can be caused by a separate control unit. The server compiles information that identifies the action and that allows the first apparatus to check the authorization. The compiled information is transmitted to a second apparatus. The first apparatus can obtain a message from the second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of the action. The first apparatus checks the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message and whether the action is an action that is to be caused by the first apparatus or by the control unit. If it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, then the first apparatus transmits a request to the control unit to cause the action.1. A method, performed by a first apparatus, said method comprising:
obtaining a message from a second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of an action, checking the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message, checking whether the action is an action that is to be performed or caused by the first apparatus or an action that is to be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, and if it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, transmitting a request to the control unit to cause the action. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the checking of the authorization for the request comprises the following:
decrypting encrypted data contained in the message, and comparing the decrypted data with unencrypted data, wherein the unencrypted data are likewise contained in the obtained message, derived from contained data and/or stored in the first apparatus; and/or checking a digital signature contained in the message for data contained in the message on the basis of the data contained in the message. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an action that is to be caused by the control unit comprises one of the following actions:
enabling access to a secured area; enabling access to a secured area, the area not being a parcel box receiving area, a letterbox receiving area or a parcel butler receiving area; opening or releasing a door or a gate; and opening or releasing a door, the door not being a parcel box door or a letterbox door. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first apparatus
is fitted at a fixed location and/or controls access to a receiving unit and/or is fitted in or on a parcel box and/or is a locking system of a parcel box and/or is fitted in or on a parcel butler and/or is a locking system of a parcel butler and/or is a receiving unit. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first apparatus
comprises a locking mechanism, a processor, a memory and two communication interfaces and/or uses a first communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and a second, different communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit and/or uses a radio-based communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and/or uses a radio-based communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit. 6. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the first apparatus is one of a parcel box or a parcel butler or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel box or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel butler; and wherein the control unit is one of a control unit of a home automation system or a control unit of a central locking system of a building. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second apparatus
is a portable electronic device and/or is a portable electronic device of a delivery agent and/or is a hand-held scanner and/or is a mobile communication device. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is a server of a home automation system and/or is a server of a central locking system of a building. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the received message contains at least one parameter that limits the time for the authorization. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the control unit causes the action on obtaining the request from the first apparatus. 11. An apparatus comprising at least one memory having program instructions of a computer program and at least one processor, the computer program configured to cause a first apparatus to perform the following when executed by the at least one processor:
obtain a message from a second apparatus, which is used to request the causing of an action, check the authorization for the request on the basis of the obtained message, check whether the action is an action that is to be performed or caused by the first apparatus or an action that is to be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, and if it is established that authorization exists and that the action is to be caused by the control unit, transmit a request to the control unit to cause the action. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the checking of the authorization for the request comprises the following:
decrypting encrypted data contained in the message, and comparing the decrypted data with unencrypted data, wherein the unencrypted data are likewise contained in the obtained message, derived from contained data and/or stored in the first apparatus; and/or checking a digital signature contained in the message for data contained in the message on the basis of the data contained in the message. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein an action that is to be caused by the control unit comprises one of the following actions:
enabling access to a secured area; enabling access to a secured area, the area not being a parcel box receiving area, a letterbox receiving area or a parcel butler receiving area; opening or releasing a door or a gate; and opening or releasing a door, the door not being a parcel box door or a letterbox door. 14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first apparatus
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is configured to control access to a receiving unit and/or is fitted in or on a parcel box and/or is a locking system of a parcel box and/or is fitted in or on a parcel butler and/or is a locking system of a parcel butler and/or is a receiving unit. 15. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first apparatus
comprises a locking mechanism, a processor, a memory and two communication interfaces and/or is configured to use a first communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and a second, different communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit and/or is configured to use a radio-based communication protocol for receiving the message from the second apparatus and/or is configured to use a radio-based communication protocol for transmitting the request to the control unit. 16. The apparatus according to claim 11,
wherein the first apparatus is one of a parcel box or a parcel butler or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel box or an apparatus fitted in or on a parcel butler; and wherein the control unit is one of a control unit of a home automation system or a control unit of a central locking system of a building. 17. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the second apparatus
is a portable electronic device and/or is a portable electronic device of a delivery agent and/or is a hand-held scanner and/or is a mobile communication device. 18. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the control unit
is fitted at a fixed location and/or is a server of a home automation system and/or is a server of a central locking system of a building. 19. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the received message contains at least one parameter that limits the time for the authorization. 20. An apparatus comprising at least one memory having program instructions of a computer program and at least one processor, the computer program configured to cause a server to perform the following when executed by the at least one processor:
obtain a message that an authorization for requesting an action via a first apparatus is allocated, wherein the action can be caused by a control unit that is separate from the first apparatus, compile information that identifies the action and that allows the first apparatus to check the authorization, the information being based on the obtained message, and cause transmission of the compiled information to a second apparatus in order to authorize the second apparatus to request causing of the action by the control unit via the first apparatus. | 2,400 |
8,483 | 8,483 | 14,750,129 | 2,465 | A network element is configured to provide a distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations. The network element includes a plurality of ports configured to switch packets between one another; wherein a first port of the plurality of ports is connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center location and a second port of the plurality of ports is connected to a second data center location that is remote from the first data center location over a Wide Area Network (WAN), and wherein the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and an intra-data center network of the second data center location utilize an ordered label structure between one another to form the distributed data center architecture. | 1. A network element configured to provide a single distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations, the network element comprising:
a plurality of ports configured to switch packets between one another; wherein a first port of the plurality of ports is connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center location and a second port of the plurality of ports is connected to a second data center location that is remote from the first data center location over a Wide Area Network (WAN), and wherein the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and an intra-data center network of the second data center location utilize a ordered label structure between one another to form the single distributed data center architecture. 2. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a unified label space between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 3. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a unified label space between the intra-data center network of the first data center location and the intra-data center network of the second data center location, and tunnels in the WAN connecting the intra-data center network of the first data center location and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 4. The network element of claim 1, wherein the distributed data center architecture only uses Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in the intra geographically distributed data center WAN with Internet Protocol (IP) routing at edges of the distributed data center architecture. 5. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure utilizes Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) with Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN). 6. The network element of claim 5, wherein the ordered label structure further utilizes Segment Routing in an underlay network in the WAN. 7. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a rigid switch hierarchy between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 8. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is an unmatched switch hierarchy between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and at least the intra-data center network of the second data center location. 9. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a matched switch hierarchy with logically matched waypoints between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and at least the intra-data center network of the second data center location. 10. The network element of claim 1, further comprising:
a packet switch communicatively coupled to the plurality of ports and configured to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN) using the ordered label structure; and a media adapter function configured to create a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signal for the second port over the WAN. 11. The network element of claim 1, wherein a first device in the first data center location is configured to communicate with a second device in the second data center location using the ordered label structure to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN), without using Internet Protocol (IP) routing between the first device and the second device. 12. An underlay network formed by one or more network elements and configured to provide a geographically distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations, the underlay network comprising:
a first plurality of network elements communicatively coupled to one another forming a data center underlay; and a second plurality of network elements communicatively coupled to one another forming a Wide Area Network (WAN) underlay, wherein at least one network element of the first plurality of network elements is connected to at least one network element of the second plurality of network elements, wherein the data center underlay and the WAN underlay utilize a ordered label structure between one another to define paths through the distributed data center architecture. 13. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure comprises a unified label space between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay, such that the data center underlay and the WAN underlay form a unified label domain under a single administration. 14. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure comprises a unified label space between the at least two data center locations connected by the data center underlay, and tunnels in the WAN underlay connecting the at least two data center locations, such that the data center underlay and the WAN underlay form separately-administered label domains. 15. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the distributed data center architecture only uses Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in the WAN with Internet Protocol (IP) routing at edges of a label domain for the distributed data center architecture. 16. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure utilizes Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) with Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN). 17. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure is a rigid switch hierarchy between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay. 18. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure is an unmatched switch hierarchy between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay. 19. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein at least one of the network elements in the first plurality of network elements and the second plurality of network elements comprises
a packet switch communicatively coupled to a plurality of ports and configured to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN) using the ordered label structure, and a media adapter function configured to create a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signal for a second port over the WAN. 20. A method performed by a network element to provide a distributed data center architecture between at least two data centers, the method comprising:
receiving a packet on a first port connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center, wherein the packet is destined for a device in an intra-data center network of a second data center, wherein the first data center and the second data center are geographically diverse and connected over a Wide Area Network (WAN) in the distributed data center architecture; and transmitting the packet on a second port connected to the WAN with a label stack thereon using a ordered label structure to reach the device in the second data center. | A network element is configured to provide a distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations. The network element includes a plurality of ports configured to switch packets between one another; wherein a first port of the plurality of ports is connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center location and a second port of the plurality of ports is connected to a second data center location that is remote from the first data center location over a Wide Area Network (WAN), and wherein the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and an intra-data center network of the second data center location utilize an ordered label structure between one another to form the distributed data center architecture.1. A network element configured to provide a single distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations, the network element comprising:
a plurality of ports configured to switch packets between one another; wherein a first port of the plurality of ports is connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center location and a second port of the plurality of ports is connected to a second data center location that is remote from the first data center location over a Wide Area Network (WAN), and wherein the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and an intra-data center network of the second data center location utilize a ordered label structure between one another to form the single distributed data center architecture. 2. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a unified label space between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 3. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a unified label space between the intra-data center network of the first data center location and the intra-data center network of the second data center location, and tunnels in the WAN connecting the intra-data center network of the first data center location and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 4. The network element of claim 1, wherein the distributed data center architecture only uses Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in the intra geographically distributed data center WAN with Internet Protocol (IP) routing at edges of the distributed data center architecture. 5. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure utilizes Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) with Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN). 6. The network element of claim 5, wherein the ordered label structure further utilizes Segment Routing in an underlay network in the WAN. 7. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a rigid switch hierarchy between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and the intra-data center network of at least the second data center location. 8. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is an unmatched switch hierarchy between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and at least the intra-data center network of the second data center location. 9. The network element of claim 1, wherein the ordered label structure is a matched switch hierarchy with logically matched waypoints between the intra-data center network of the first data center location, the WAN, and at least the intra-data center network of the second data center location. 10. The network element of claim 1, further comprising:
a packet switch communicatively coupled to the plurality of ports and configured to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN) using the ordered label structure; and a media adapter function configured to create a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signal for the second port over the WAN. 11. The network element of claim 1, wherein a first device in the first data center location is configured to communicate with a second device in the second data center location using the ordered label structure to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN), without using Internet Protocol (IP) routing between the first device and the second device. 12. An underlay network formed by one or more network elements and configured to provide a geographically distributed data center architecture between at least two data center locations, the underlay network comprising:
a first plurality of network elements communicatively coupled to one another forming a data center underlay; and a second plurality of network elements communicatively coupled to one another forming a Wide Area Network (WAN) underlay, wherein at least one network element of the first plurality of network elements is connected to at least one network element of the second plurality of network elements, wherein the data center underlay and the WAN underlay utilize a ordered label structure between one another to define paths through the distributed data center architecture. 13. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure comprises a unified label space between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay, such that the data center underlay and the WAN underlay form a unified label domain under a single administration. 14. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure comprises a unified label space between the at least two data center locations connected by the data center underlay, and tunnels in the WAN underlay connecting the at least two data center locations, such that the data center underlay and the WAN underlay form separately-administered label domains. 15. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the distributed data center architecture only uses Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in the WAN with Internet Protocol (IP) routing at edges of a label domain for the distributed data center architecture. 16. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure utilizes Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) with Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN). 17. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure is a rigid switch hierarchy between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay. 18. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein the ordered label structure is an unmatched switch hierarchy between the data center underlay and the WAN underlay. 19. The underlay network of claim 12, wherein at least one of the network elements in the first plurality of network elements and the second plurality of network elements comprises
a packet switch communicatively coupled to a plurality of ports and configured to perform Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) per Hierarchical Software Defined Networking (HSDN) using the ordered label structure, and a media adapter function configured to create a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) signal for a second port over the WAN. 20. A method performed by a network element to provide a distributed data center architecture between at least two data centers, the method comprising:
receiving a packet on a first port connected to an intra-data center network of a first data center, wherein the packet is destined for a device in an intra-data center network of a second data center, wherein the first data center and the second data center are geographically diverse and connected over a Wide Area Network (WAN) in the distributed data center architecture; and transmitting the packet on a second port connected to the WAN with a label stack thereon using a ordered label structure to reach the device in the second data center. | 2,400 |
8,484 | 8,484 | 13,822,813 | 2,445 | Method for checking, in an IP based communications network, a status of destination network entity. The method comprises transmitting, by a requesting network entity, a probe request towards the destination network entity. Said probe request requests said destination network entity to indicate to the requesting network entity its status. The method further comprises transmitting by the destination network entity, or a service acting for the destination network entity, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response. Herein the final response provides an indication of the status of the destination network entity. | 1-15. (canceled) 16. A method for checking a status of a destination network entity in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communications network, the method comprising:
a requesting network entity transmitting a probe request towards a further network entity acting for the destination network entity, the further network entity being aware of the status of the destination network entity, the probe request requesting the further network entity to indicate to the requesting network entity the status of the destination network entity; the further network entity transmitting a final response in response to receiving the probe request, the final response providing an indication of the status of the destination network entity. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the further network entity is aware of the status of the destination network entity by means of registration of the destination network entity with the further network entity, or by means of information available in a memory associated with the further network entity. 18. The method of claim 16:
wherein the probe request and the final response are Session Initiation Protocol messages that part of a Session Initiation Protocol transaction; wherein the final response ends the Session Initiation Protocol transaction. 19. The method of claim 16:
wherein the status is one or more of existence, reachability and operational condition of the destination network entity; wherein the final response provides an indication whether or not the destination network entity exists, and/or is reachable, and/or of its operational condition. 20. The method of claim 16:
wherein the destination network entity is an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber; wherein the further network entity is a Serving Call Session Control Function with which the Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber is registered. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the final response includes information relating to the subscriber. 22. The method of claim 20:
wherein the subscriber is identified through a Telephone Uniform Resource Identifier; further comprising converting the Telephone Uniform Resource Identifier into a Session Initiation Protocol Uniform Resource Identifier. 23. The method of claim 16:
wherein the destination network entity is an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem network service entity; wherein the further network entity is an Application Server. 24. The method of claim 16, wherein the probe request includes a condition to limit the checking to one or more predetermined types of destination network entities. 25. A network entity for use in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communication network, comprising:
a receiving unit configured to receive a probe request, the probe request requesting the network entity to indicate to an originator of the probe request a status of a further network entity on behalf of which the network entity acts; a processing unit configured to be aware of the status of the further network entity; a transmitting unit configured to transmit, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response to the originator of the probe request, the final response providing an indication of the status of the further network entity on behalf of which the network entity acts. 26. The network entity of claim 25, wherein the network entity is aware of the status of the further network entity by means of registration of the further network entity with the network entity, or by means of information available in a memory associated with the network entity. 27. The network entity of claim 25, wherein the network entity is formed by one of:
a Serving Call Session Control Function with which an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber is registered; or an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem service acting on behalf of the Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber. 28. The network entity of claim 25:
wherein the status is one or more of existence, reachability and operational condition of the further network entity; wherein the final response is a 200 Ok Message if the further network entity exists and is reachable; wherein the final response is a non-2xx final response if the further network entity does not exist and/or is not reachable. 29. A network entity for use in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communications network, comprising:
a transmitting unit configured to transmit a probe request towards a destination network entity being aware of a status of a further network entity on behalf of which the destination network entity acts, the probe request instructing the destination network entity to transmit, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response, wherein the final response provides an indication of the status of the further network entity on behalf of which the destination network entity acts. | Method for checking, in an IP based communications network, a status of destination network entity. The method comprises transmitting, by a requesting network entity, a probe request towards the destination network entity. Said probe request requests said destination network entity to indicate to the requesting network entity its status. The method further comprises transmitting by the destination network entity, or a service acting for the destination network entity, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response. Herein the final response provides an indication of the status of the destination network entity.1-15. (canceled) 16. A method for checking a status of a destination network entity in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communications network, the method comprising:
a requesting network entity transmitting a probe request towards a further network entity acting for the destination network entity, the further network entity being aware of the status of the destination network entity, the probe request requesting the further network entity to indicate to the requesting network entity the status of the destination network entity; the further network entity transmitting a final response in response to receiving the probe request, the final response providing an indication of the status of the destination network entity. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the further network entity is aware of the status of the destination network entity by means of registration of the destination network entity with the further network entity, or by means of information available in a memory associated with the further network entity. 18. The method of claim 16:
wherein the probe request and the final response are Session Initiation Protocol messages that part of a Session Initiation Protocol transaction; wherein the final response ends the Session Initiation Protocol transaction. 19. The method of claim 16:
wherein the status is one or more of existence, reachability and operational condition of the destination network entity; wherein the final response provides an indication whether or not the destination network entity exists, and/or is reachable, and/or of its operational condition. 20. The method of claim 16:
wherein the destination network entity is an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber; wherein the further network entity is a Serving Call Session Control Function with which the Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber is registered. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the final response includes information relating to the subscriber. 22. The method of claim 20:
wherein the subscriber is identified through a Telephone Uniform Resource Identifier; further comprising converting the Telephone Uniform Resource Identifier into a Session Initiation Protocol Uniform Resource Identifier. 23. The method of claim 16:
wherein the destination network entity is an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem network service entity; wherein the further network entity is an Application Server. 24. The method of claim 16, wherein the probe request includes a condition to limit the checking to one or more predetermined types of destination network entities. 25. A network entity for use in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communication network, comprising:
a receiving unit configured to receive a probe request, the probe request requesting the network entity to indicate to an originator of the probe request a status of a further network entity on behalf of which the network entity acts; a processing unit configured to be aware of the status of the further network entity; a transmitting unit configured to transmit, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response to the originator of the probe request, the final response providing an indication of the status of the further network entity on behalf of which the network entity acts. 26. The network entity of claim 25, wherein the network entity is aware of the status of the further network entity by means of registration of the further network entity with the network entity, or by means of information available in a memory associated with the network entity. 27. The network entity of claim 25, wherein the network entity is formed by one of:
a Serving Call Session Control Function with which an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber is registered; or an Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem service acting on behalf of the Internet protocol Multimedia Subsystem subscriber. 28. The network entity of claim 25:
wherein the status is one or more of existence, reachability and operational condition of the further network entity; wherein the final response is a 200 Ok Message if the further network entity exists and is reachable; wherein the final response is a non-2xx final response if the further network entity does not exist and/or is not reachable. 29. A network entity for use in an Internet Protocol based multimedia communications network, comprising:
a transmitting unit configured to transmit a probe request towards a destination network entity being aware of a status of a further network entity on behalf of which the destination network entity acts, the probe request instructing the destination network entity to transmit, in response to receiving the probe request, a final response, wherein the final response provides an indication of the status of the further network entity on behalf of which the destination network entity acts. | 2,400 |
8,485 | 8,485 | 13,652,643 | 2,481 | A picture coding method includes: performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate; selecting a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first and second merging candidates; and attaching an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream; wherein the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. | 1. A picture coding method for coding a picture on a block-by-block basis to generate a bitstream, the method comprising:
performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; selecting a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate; and attaching an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream, wherein in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 2. The picture coding method according to claim 1, further comprising
performing a third derivation process for deriving a third merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the third derivation process being different from the first derivation process and the second derivation process, wherein the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates and third merging candidates is less than the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates, and in the selecting, the merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block is selected from among the first merging candidate, the second merging candidate, and the third merging candidate. 3. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, a plurality of the third merging candidates is derived by performing the third derivation process, and in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is a process for deriving, as the first merging candidate, a bi-predictive merging candidate which is a combination of two sets each including a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index and included in the third merging candidates. 4. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, the third derivation process is a process for deriving the third merging candidate using a set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index which are used as a set for coding a block spatially or temporally neighboring the current block. 5. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein the second derivation process is repeatedly performed until a total number of the first merging candidates, second merging candidates, and third merging candidates reaches the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 6. The picture coding method according to claim 1,
wherein in the performing of a second derivation process, the second derivation process is a process for deriving, as the second merging candidate, a merging candidate including a motion vector which is a zero vector. 7. The picture coding method according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined number depends on a maximum number of the first merging candidates to be derived using the first derivation process. 8. The picture coding method according to claim 1, further comprising:
switching a coding process between a first coding process conforming to a first standard and a second coding process conforming to a second standard; and attaching, to the bitstream, identification information indicating either the first standard or the second standard to which the coding process after the switching conforms, wherein when the coding process after the switching is the first coding process, the first coding process is performed by performing the first derivation process, the second derivation process, the selecting, and the attaching. 9. A picture coding apparatus which codes a picture on a block-by-block basis to generate a bitstream, the apparatus comprising:
a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a prediction control unit configured to select a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate; and an coding unit configured to attach an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 10. A picture decoding method for decoding, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream, the method comprising:
performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; obtaining an index from the bitstream; and selecting, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 11. The picure decoding method according to claim 10, further comprising
performing a third derivation process for deriving a third merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the third derivation process being different from the first derivation process and the second derivation process, wherein the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates and third merging candidates is less than the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates, and in the selecting, the merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block is selected from among the first merging candidate, the second merging candidate, and the third merging candidate. 12. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, a plurality of the third merging candidates is derived by performing the third derivation process, and in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is a process for deriving, as the first merging candidate, a bi-predictive merging candidate which is a combination of two sets each including a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index and included in the third merging candidates. 13. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, the third derivation process is a process for deriving the third merging candidates using a set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index which are used as a set in decoding a block spatially or temporally neighboring the current block. 14. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein the second derivation process is repeatedly performed until a total number of the first merging candidates, second merging candidates, and third merging candidates reaches the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 15. The picture decoding method according to claim 10,
wherein in the performing of a second derivation process, the second derivation process is a process for deriving, as the second merging candidate, a merging candidate including a motion vector which is a zero vector. 16. The picture decoding method according to claim 10,
wherein the predetermined number depends on a maximum number of the first merging candidates to be derived using the first derivation process. 17. The picture decoding method according to claim 10, further comprising
switching a decoding process between a first decoding process conforming to a first standard and a second decoding process conforming to a second standard, according to identification information attached to the bitstream and indicating either the first standard or the second standard, wherein when the decoding process after the switching is the first decoding process, the first decoding process is performed by performing the first derivation process, the second derivation process, the obtaining, and the selecting. 18. A picture decoding apparatus which decodes, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream, the apparatus comprising:
a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a decoding unit configured to obtain an index from the bitstream; and a prediction control unit configured to select, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 19. A picture coding and decoding apparatus comprising: the picture coding apparatus according to claim 9; and
a picture decoding apparatus which decodes, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream and includes: a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a decoding unit configured to obtain an index from the bitstream; and a prediction control unit configured to select, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. | A picture coding method includes: performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate; selecting a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first and second merging candidates; and attaching an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream; wherein the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates.1. A picture coding method for coding a picture on a block-by-block basis to generate a bitstream, the method comprising:
performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; selecting a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate; and attaching an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream, wherein in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 2. The picture coding method according to claim 1, further comprising
performing a third derivation process for deriving a third merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the third derivation process being different from the first derivation process and the second derivation process, wherein the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates and third merging candidates is less than the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates, and in the selecting, the merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block is selected from among the first merging candidate, the second merging candidate, and the third merging candidate. 3. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, a plurality of the third merging candidates is derived by performing the third derivation process, and in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is a process for deriving, as the first merging candidate, a bi-predictive merging candidate which is a combination of two sets each including a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index and included in the third merging candidates. 4. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, the third derivation process is a process for deriving the third merging candidate using a set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index which are used as a set for coding a block spatially or temporally neighboring the current block. 5. The picture coding method according to claim 2,
wherein the second derivation process is repeatedly performed until a total number of the first merging candidates, second merging candidates, and third merging candidates reaches the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 6. The picture coding method according to claim 1,
wherein in the performing of a second derivation process, the second derivation process is a process for deriving, as the second merging candidate, a merging candidate including a motion vector which is a zero vector. 7. The picture coding method according to claim 1,
wherein the predetermined number depends on a maximum number of the first merging candidates to be derived using the first derivation process. 8. The picture coding method according to claim 1, further comprising:
switching a coding process between a first coding process conforming to a first standard and a second coding process conforming to a second standard; and attaching, to the bitstream, identification information indicating either the first standard or the second standard to which the coding process after the switching conforms, wherein when the coding process after the switching is the first coding process, the first coding process is performed by performing the first derivation process, the second derivation process, the selecting, and the attaching. 9. A picture coding apparatus which codes a picture on a block-by-block basis to generate a bitstream, the apparatus comprising:
a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in coding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a prediction control unit configured to select a merging candidate to be used in the coding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate; and an coding unit configured to attach an index for identifying the selected merging candidate to the bitstream, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 10. A picture decoding method for decoding, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream, the method comprising:
performing a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; performing a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; obtaining an index from the bitstream; and selecting, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is performed so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 11. The picure decoding method according to claim 10, further comprising
performing a third derivation process for deriving a third merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the coding of the current block, the third derivation process being different from the first derivation process and the second derivation process, wherein the second derivation process is performed when the total number of the first merging candidates and third merging candidates is less than the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates, and in the selecting, the merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block is selected from among the first merging candidate, the second merging candidate, and the third merging candidate. 12. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, a plurality of the third merging candidates is derived by performing the third derivation process, and in the performing of a first derivation process, the first derivation process is a process for deriving, as the first merging candidate, a bi-predictive merging candidate which is a combination of two sets each including a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index and included in the third merging candidates. 13. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein in the performing of a third derivation process, the third derivation process is a process for deriving the third merging candidates using a set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index which are used as a set in decoding a block spatially or temporally neighboring the current block. 14. The picture decoding method according to claim 11,
wherein the second derivation process is repeatedly performed until a total number of the first merging candidates, second merging candidates, and third merging candidates reaches the predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 15. The picture decoding method according to claim 10,
wherein in the performing of a second derivation process, the second derivation process is a process for deriving, as the second merging candidate, a merging candidate including a motion vector which is a zero vector. 16. The picture decoding method according to claim 10,
wherein the predetermined number depends on a maximum number of the first merging candidates to be derived using the first derivation process. 17. The picture decoding method according to claim 10, further comprising
switching a decoding process between a first decoding process conforming to a first standard and a second decoding process conforming to a second standard, according to identification information attached to the bitstream and indicating either the first standard or the second standard, wherein when the decoding process after the switching is the first decoding process, the first decoding process is performed by performing the first derivation process, the second derivation process, the obtaining, and the selecting. 18. A picture decoding apparatus which decodes, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream, the apparatus comprising:
a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a decoding unit configured to obtain an index from the bitstream; and a prediction control unit configured to select, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. 19. A picture coding and decoding apparatus comprising: the picture coding apparatus according to claim 9; and
a picture decoding apparatus which decodes, on a block-by-block basis, a coded image included in a bitstream and includes: a first derivation unit configured to perform a first derivation process for deriving a first merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in decoding of a current block; a second derivation unit configured to perform a second derivation process for deriving a second merging candidate which includes a candidate set of a prediction direction, a motion vector, and a reference picture index for use in the decoding of the current block, the second derivation process being different from the first derivation process; a decoding unit configured to obtain an index from the bitstream; and a prediction control unit configured to select, based on the obtained index, a merging candidate to be used in the decoding of the current block from among the first merging candidate and the second merging candidate, wherein the first derivation unit is configured to perform the first derivation process so that a total number of the first merging candidates does not exceed a predetermined number, and the second derivation unit is configured to perform the second derivation process when the total number of the first merging candidates is less than a predetermined maximum number of merging candidates. | 2,400 |
8,486 | 8,486 | 15,094,119 | 2,485 | A display device may include a panel including a plurality of pixels and an optical layer. The display device may include a processor configured to generate an image of the panel based on a location relationship between the pixels and the optical elements so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance. The location relationship is based on an optical parameter of the optical layer. | 1. A display device comprising:
a panel comprising a plurality of pixels; an optical layer configured to generate a light field using a plurality of optical elements; and a processor configured to generate an image of the panel based on a location relationship between the pixels and the optical elements so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance, the location relationship being based on an optical parameter of the optical layer. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the optical parameter comprises a slanted angle between a first line corresponding to the optical elements and a second line corresponding to the pixels, a pitch between the optical elements, an offset location between the panel and the optical layer, a gap between the panel and the optical layer, or a combination selected from the slanted angle, the pitch, the offset location, and the gap. 3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is based on a number of first pixels corresponding to a direction of a first axis in the panel in comparison to a number of second pixels corresponding to a direction of a second axis in the panel, and
the direction of the first axis and the direction of the second axis are orthogonal, and the number of the first pixels comprises a number with a decimal when the number of the second pixels is a positive integer. 4. The display device of claim 2, wherein the pitch is based on a number of third pixels matched to a single one of the optical elements, and
the number of the third pixels comprises a number with a decimal. 5. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is based on a line that connects a first point at a top of the panel to a second point at a bottom of the panel. 6. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is within an angle range of which an artifact is minimized. 7. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to generate the image based on a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship. 8. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to generate the image based on whether a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship is toward a viewpoint from among a plurality of viewpoints, the plurality of viewpoints being divided in a viewing range. 9. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to,
determine a viewpoint image corresponding to a direction of a ray based on the location relationship, the viewpoint image comprising a number with a decimal, and generate the image based on a plurality of viewpoint images and the viewpoint image. 10. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to obtain a calibration parameter and generate information associated with the location relationship based on the calibration parameter. 11. A display method comprising,
obtaining information associated with a location relationship between a plurality of pixels in a panel and a plurality of optical elements in an optical layer, the location relationship being based on an optical parameter of the optical layer; and generating an image of the panel based on the information so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance. 12. The display method of claim 11, wherein the optical parameter comprises a slanted angle between a first line corresponding to the optical elements and a second line corresponding to the pixels, a pitch between the optical elements, an offset location between the panel and the optical layer, a gap between the panel and the optical layer, or a combination selected from the slanted angle, the pitch, the offset location, and the gap. 13. The display method of claim 12, wherein the slanted angle is based on a number of first pixels corresponding to a direction of a first axis in comparison to a number of second pixels corresponding to a direction of a second axis in the panel, and
the direction of the first axis and the direction of the second axis are orthogonal, and the number of the first pixels comprises a number with a decimal when the number of the second pixels is a positive integer. 14. The display method of claim 12, wherein the pitch is based on a number of third pixels matched to a single one of the optical elements, and
the number of the third pixels comprises a number with a decimal. 15. The display method of claim 12, wherein the slanted angle is within an angle range of which an artifact is minimized. 16. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating generates the image based on a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship. 17. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating comprises,
determining whether a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship is toward a viewpoint from among a plurality of viewpoints, the plurality of viewpoints being divided in a viewing range; and generating the image based on a result of the determining. 18. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating comprises,
determining a viewpoint image corresponding to a direction of a ray based on the location relationship, the viewpoint image comprising a number with a decimal; and generating the image based on a plurality of viewpoint images and the viewpoint image. 19. The display method of claim 11, wherein the obtaining comprises,
obtaining a calibration parameter; and generating information associated with the location relationship based on the calibration parameter. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium including computer readable instructions, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method of claim 11. | A display device may include a panel including a plurality of pixels and an optical layer. The display device may include a processor configured to generate an image of the panel based on a location relationship between the pixels and the optical elements so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance. The location relationship is based on an optical parameter of the optical layer.1. A display device comprising:
a panel comprising a plurality of pixels; an optical layer configured to generate a light field using a plurality of optical elements; and a processor configured to generate an image of the panel based on a location relationship between the pixels and the optical elements so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance, the location relationship being based on an optical parameter of the optical layer. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the optical parameter comprises a slanted angle between a first line corresponding to the optical elements and a second line corresponding to the pixels, a pitch between the optical elements, an offset location between the panel and the optical layer, a gap between the panel and the optical layer, or a combination selected from the slanted angle, the pitch, the offset location, and the gap. 3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is based on a number of first pixels corresponding to a direction of a first axis in the panel in comparison to a number of second pixels corresponding to a direction of a second axis in the panel, and
the direction of the first axis and the direction of the second axis are orthogonal, and the number of the first pixels comprises a number with a decimal when the number of the second pixels is a positive integer. 4. The display device of claim 2, wherein the pitch is based on a number of third pixels matched to a single one of the optical elements, and
the number of the third pixels comprises a number with a decimal. 5. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is based on a line that connects a first point at a top of the panel to a second point at a bottom of the panel. 6. The display device of claim 2, wherein the slanted angle is within an angle range of which an artifact is minimized. 7. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to generate the image based on a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship. 8. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to generate the image based on whether a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship is toward a viewpoint from among a plurality of viewpoints, the plurality of viewpoints being divided in a viewing range. 9. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to,
determine a viewpoint image corresponding to a direction of a ray based on the location relationship, the viewpoint image comprising a number with a decimal, and generate the image based on a plurality of viewpoint images and the viewpoint image. 10. The display device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to obtain a calibration parameter and generate information associated with the location relationship based on the calibration parameter. 11. A display method comprising,
obtaining information associated with a location relationship between a plurality of pixels in a panel and a plurality of optical elements in an optical layer, the location relationship being based on an optical parameter of the optical layer; and generating an image of the panel based on the information so that a plurality of rays corresponding to the image propagate evenly at a viewing distance. 12. The display method of claim 11, wherein the optical parameter comprises a slanted angle between a first line corresponding to the optical elements and a second line corresponding to the pixels, a pitch between the optical elements, an offset location between the panel and the optical layer, a gap between the panel and the optical layer, or a combination selected from the slanted angle, the pitch, the offset location, and the gap. 13. The display method of claim 12, wherein the slanted angle is based on a number of first pixels corresponding to a direction of a first axis in comparison to a number of second pixels corresponding to a direction of a second axis in the panel, and
the direction of the first axis and the direction of the second axis are orthogonal, and the number of the first pixels comprises a number with a decimal when the number of the second pixels is a positive integer. 14. The display method of claim 12, wherein the pitch is based on a number of third pixels matched to a single one of the optical elements, and
the number of the third pixels comprises a number with a decimal. 15. The display method of claim 12, wherein the slanted angle is within an angle range of which an artifact is minimized. 16. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating generates the image based on a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship. 17. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating comprises,
determining whether a direction of a ray propagating according to the location relationship is toward a viewpoint from among a plurality of viewpoints, the plurality of viewpoints being divided in a viewing range; and generating the image based on a result of the determining. 18. The display method of claim 11, wherein the generating comprises,
determining a viewpoint image corresponding to a direction of a ray based on the location relationship, the viewpoint image comprising a number with a decimal; and generating the image based on a plurality of viewpoint images and the viewpoint image. 19. The display method of claim 11, wherein the obtaining comprises,
obtaining a calibration parameter; and generating information associated with the location relationship based on the calibration parameter. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium including computer readable instructions, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method of claim 11. | 2,400 |
8,487 | 8,487 | 14,162,018 | 2,422 | A method, system and apparatus for providing multimedia data, wherein the method includes defining, by a first user, a task for requesting multimedia data, wherein the task includes criteria for the requested multimedia data; maintaining, by an operator, the defined task based on the criteria, wherein the task being available for a second user; receiving multimedia data, from the second user, in response to the defined task based on the criteria; and maintaining, by an operator, the received multimedia data based on the criteria, wherein the multimedia being available to a third user. | 1. A method for providing multimedia data, the method comprising:
receiving, at a server apparatus, task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data; maintaining, by the server apparatus, the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria; receiving multimedia data at the server apparatus, from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria; maintaining, at the server apparatus, the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user; receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and transmitting the multimedia data for the third user. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for all multimedia data relating to the task information. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for only some of the multimedia data relating to the task information. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for future multimedia data relating to the task information. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria comprising at least one of the following:
subject for the multimedia data; location for the multimedia data; identified second users; submission time for the multimedia data; capturing time for the multimedia data; availability time for the multimedia data to third users; and ownership for the multimedia data. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria comprising at least one of the following:
submission price information for the received multimedia data; and service price information for the transmitted multimedia data. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
receiving payment from the third user based on the service price information; and providing payment for the first user, the second user and an operator of the server apparatus based on the submission price information and the service price information. 8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
checking location information from metadata of the received multimedia data; comparing the location information to the location comprised by the criteria; and maintaining the multimedia data in response to a successful comparison step. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
defining the task information, by the first user, for requesting multimedia data using a client application of a first user apparatus; capturing multimedia data, by the second user, using a client application of a second user apparatus; and receiving multimedia data, by an operator, using a server application of a server apparatus. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
provisioning the task information available to a second user located in a geographical location defined by the criteria of the task information; receiving multimedia data and location information at the server apparatus, from the second user; checking the location information, by the server apparatus, and approving multimedia data in response to the location information being within the geographical area. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the multimedia data comprising at least one of the following:
a digital still image; and a video stream. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
receiving multimedia data at the server apparatus, from the second user, wherein a user apparatus of the second user comprising a client application of a service whose server application is running on the server apparatus and the client application capturing the multimedia data and metadata for the captured multimedia data from metadata elements of the user apparatus. 13. A server apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving multimedia data; at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the server apparatus to:
receive task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data;
maintain the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria;
receive multimedia data from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user;
receive a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user. 14. A computer program embodied on a computer readable medium comprising computer executable program code which,
when executed by at least one processor of a server apparatus, causes the server apparatus to:
receive task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data;
maintain the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria;
receive multimedia data from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user;
receive a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user. 15. A system for providing multimedia data, the system comprising:
a first user apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
define task information for requesting multimedia data, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data; and
transmit the defined task information to a server apparatus;
a second user apparatus comprising:
a camera for capturing multimedia data;
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
receive the defined task information from the server apparatus; and
transmit captured multimedia data, to the server apparatus, in response to the defined task information based on the criteria;
the server apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
receive the defined task information;
maintain the defined task information being available for a second user;
receive multimedia data, from the second user, in response to the defined task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data based on the criteria, wherein the multimedia being available to a third user;
receive a request for the multimedia data from the third user; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user; and
a third user apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
transmit a request for the multimedia data for the server apparatus; and
receive the multimedia data from the server apparatus. | A method, system and apparatus for providing multimedia data, wherein the method includes defining, by a first user, a task for requesting multimedia data, wherein the task includes criteria for the requested multimedia data; maintaining, by an operator, the defined task based on the criteria, wherein the task being available for a second user; receiving multimedia data, from the second user, in response to the defined task based on the criteria; and maintaining, by an operator, the received multimedia data based on the criteria, wherein the multimedia being available to a third user.1. A method for providing multimedia data, the method comprising:
receiving, at a server apparatus, task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data; maintaining, by the server apparatus, the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria; receiving multimedia data at the server apparatus, from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria; maintaining, at the server apparatus, the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user; receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and transmitting the multimedia data for the third user. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for all multimedia data relating to the task information. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for only some of the multimedia data relating to the task information. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising;
receiving, at the server apparatus, a request from the third user for future multimedia data relating to the task information. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria comprising at least one of the following:
subject for the multimedia data; location for the multimedia data; identified second users; submission time for the multimedia data; capturing time for the multimedia data; availability time for the multimedia data to third users; and ownership for the multimedia data. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria comprising at least one of the following:
submission price information for the received multimedia data; and service price information for the transmitted multimedia data. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
receiving payment from the third user based on the service price information; and providing payment for the first user, the second user and an operator of the server apparatus based on the submission price information and the service price information. 8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
checking location information from metadata of the received multimedia data; comparing the location information to the location comprised by the criteria; and maintaining the multimedia data in response to a successful comparison step. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
defining the task information, by the first user, for requesting multimedia data using a client application of a first user apparatus; capturing multimedia data, by the second user, using a client application of a second user apparatus; and receiving multimedia data, by an operator, using a server application of a server apparatus. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
provisioning the task information available to a second user located in a geographical location defined by the criteria of the task information; receiving multimedia data and location information at the server apparatus, from the second user; checking the location information, by the server apparatus, and approving multimedia data in response to the location information being within the geographical area. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the multimedia data comprising at least one of the following:
a digital still image; and a video stream. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
receiving multimedia data at the server apparatus, from the second user, wherein a user apparatus of the second user comprising a client application of a service whose server application is running on the server apparatus and the client application capturing the multimedia data and metadata for the captured multimedia data from metadata elements of the user apparatus. 13. A server apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving multimedia data; at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the server apparatus to:
receive task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data;
maintain the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria;
receive multimedia data from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user;
receive a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user. 14. A computer program embodied on a computer readable medium comprising computer executable program code which,
when executed by at least one processor of a server apparatus, causes the server apparatus to:
receive task information for requesting multimedia data from a first user, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data;
maintain the task information, wherein the task information being available for a second user based on the criteria;
receive multimedia data from the second user, in response to the task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data, wherein the multimedia data being available to a third user;
receive a request from the third user for the multimedia data; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user. 15. A system for providing multimedia data, the system comprising:
a first user apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
define task information for requesting multimedia data, wherein the task information comprising criteria for the requested multimedia data; and
transmit the defined task information to a server apparatus;
a second user apparatus comprising:
a camera for capturing multimedia data;
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
receive the defined task information from the server apparatus; and
transmit captured multimedia data, to the server apparatus, in response to the defined task information based on the criteria;
the server apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
receive the defined task information;
maintain the defined task information being available for a second user;
receive multimedia data, from the second user, in response to the defined task information based on the criteria;
maintain the received multimedia data based on the criteria, wherein the multimedia being available to a third user;
receive a request for the multimedia data from the third user; and
transmit the multimedia data for the third user; and
a third user apparatus comprising:
a communication interface for transceiving data;
at least one processor; and
at least one memory including computer program code;
the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to:
transmit a request for the multimedia data for the server apparatus; and
receive the multimedia data from the server apparatus. | 2,400 |
8,488 | 8,488 | 13,967,643 | 2,458 | A method and system for managing data sharing sessions is provided. A data-sharing session is managed with a computer system. The data-sharing session has a set of software systems participating therein. Requests are maintained for the software systems for sets of requested data. Values are stored for shared data items received from the software systems in the data-sharing session. The shared data items are resolved to at least one of the sets of the requested data using semantic descriptions provided for the shared data items and the requested data. The software systems requesting the at least one set of requested data are notified whenever updates to the values of the shared data items are available. The data-sharing session is destroyed if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of the software systems having a particular characteristic in the data-sharing session. | 1. A method for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
managing a data-sharing session with a computer system, said data-sharing session having a set of software systems participating therein, maintaining requests, by said computer system, for said software systems for sets of requested data; storing, by said computer system, values for shared data items received from said software systems in said data-sharing session; resolving, by said computer system, said shared data items to at least one of said sets of said requested data using semantic descriptions provided for said shared data items and said requested data items; notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said at least one set of said requested data whenever updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data are available; and destroying, by said computer system, said data-sharing session if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said data-sharing session. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said absence of activity comprises a first pre-determined period of time passing during which said values of said shared data items in said data-sharing session are unmodified by said software systems. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein at least one of said shared data items relates to a state of a control on a user interface of one of said software systems. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said absence of activity comprises an absence of said available updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data during a first pre-determined period of time. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
removing, by said computer system, one of said values of said shared data items resolving to one of said requested data in one of said sets upon receiving a request from one of said software systems to remove said one value; and notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said one set of said requested data of said removing of said one value, wherein said absence of activity further comprises an absence of said requests from said software systems to remove said values resolving to any of said requested data in said sets during said first pre-determined period of time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said particular characteristic comprises being a particular software system type. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time subsequent to a de-registration of said one software system of said particular software system type during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein said destroying comprises destroying said data-sharing session when one of said software systems of said particular software system type de-registers from said data-sharing session. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said shared data items said software system type may share, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being of one of a subset of said software system types that may share a particular one of said shared data items. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said requested data said software system type may request, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being one of a subset of said software system types that may request a particular one of said requested data. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said characteristic is that said software system has a component that executes on a personal computing device. 13. A computer system for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
a processor; storage; and a server executed by said processor and managing a data-sharing session in storage, said server having an interface receiving registration requests from software systems, said server being configured to register each of said software systems in said data-sharing session, said server maintaining a request for a set of requested data for a first of said software systems in said data-sharing session and resolving said set of said requested data to a set of shared data items received from other of said software systems in said data-sharing session based on semantic descriptions of said set of said requested data and said shared data items, said server notifying said first software system whenever updates to values of said shared data items resolving to said set of said requested data are available, said server destroying said data-sharing session if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said data-sharing session. 14. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said absence of activity comprises a first pre-determined period of time passing during which said values of said shared data items in said data-sharing session are unmodified by said software systems. 15. The computer system of claim 14, wherein at least one of said shared data items relates to a state of a control on a user interface of one of said software systems. 16. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said absence of activity comprises an absence of said updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said set of said requested data during a first pre-determined period of time. 17. The computer system of claim 16, wherein said server removes one of said values of said shared data items resolving to one of said requested data in said set upon receiving a request from one of said software systems to remove said value, said server notifying said first software system of said removing of said one value of said shared data items resolving to said one requested data, wherein said absence of activity further comprises an absence of said requests from said software systems to remove any of said values of said shared data items resolving to said requested data in said sets during said first pre-determined period of time. 18. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said particular characteristic comprises being a particular software system type. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 20. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time subsequent to a de-registration of said one software system of said particular software system type during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 21. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said server destroys said data-sharing session when one of said software systems of said particular software system type de-registers from said data-sharing session. 22. The computer system of claim 13, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said shared data items said software system type may share, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being of one of a subset of said software system types that may share a particular one of said shared data items. 23. The computer system of claim 13, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said requested data said software system type may request, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being one of a subset of said software system types that may request a particular one of said requested data. 24. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said characteristic is that said software system has a component that executes on a personal computing device. 25. A method for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
managing a plurality of data-sharing sessions with a computer system, each said data-sharing session having a set of software systems participating therein; maintaining requests, by said computer system, for said software systems for sets of requested data; storing, by said computer system, values for at least one shared data item received from said software systems in said data-sharing session; resolving, by said computer system, said shared data items to at least one of said sets of said requested data using semantic descriptions provided for said shared data items and said requested data; notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said at least one set of said requested data of available updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data; and destroying, by said computer system, one of said data-sharing sessions based on one of an absence of activity in said one data-sharing session, an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said one data-sharing session, and a static value associated with said one data-sharing session. | A method and system for managing data sharing sessions is provided. A data-sharing session is managed with a computer system. The data-sharing session has a set of software systems participating therein. Requests are maintained for the software systems for sets of requested data. Values are stored for shared data items received from the software systems in the data-sharing session. The shared data items are resolved to at least one of the sets of the requested data using semantic descriptions provided for the shared data items and the requested data. The software systems requesting the at least one set of requested data are notified whenever updates to the values of the shared data items are available. The data-sharing session is destroyed if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of the software systems having a particular characteristic in the data-sharing session.1. A method for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
managing a data-sharing session with a computer system, said data-sharing session having a set of software systems participating therein, maintaining requests, by said computer system, for said software systems for sets of requested data; storing, by said computer system, values for shared data items received from said software systems in said data-sharing session; resolving, by said computer system, said shared data items to at least one of said sets of said requested data using semantic descriptions provided for said shared data items and said requested data items; notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said at least one set of said requested data whenever updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data are available; and destroying, by said computer system, said data-sharing session if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said data-sharing session. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said absence of activity comprises a first pre-determined period of time passing during which said values of said shared data items in said data-sharing session are unmodified by said software systems. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein at least one of said shared data items relates to a state of a control on a user interface of one of said software systems. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said absence of activity comprises an absence of said available updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data during a first pre-determined period of time. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
removing, by said computer system, one of said values of said shared data items resolving to one of said requested data in one of said sets upon receiving a request from one of said software systems to remove said one value; and notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said one set of said requested data of said removing of said one value, wherein said absence of activity further comprises an absence of said requests from said software systems to remove said values resolving to any of said requested data in said sets during said first pre-determined period of time. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said particular characteristic comprises being a particular software system type. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time subsequent to a de-registration of said one software system of said particular software system type during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein said destroying comprises destroying said data-sharing session when one of said software systems of said particular software system type de-registers from said data-sharing session. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said shared data items said software system type may share, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being of one of a subset of said software system types that may share a particular one of said shared data items. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said requested data said software system type may request, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being one of a subset of said software system types that may request a particular one of said requested data. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said characteristic is that said software system has a component that executes on a personal computing device. 13. A computer system for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
a processor; storage; and a server executed by said processor and managing a data-sharing session in storage, said server having an interface receiving registration requests from software systems, said server being configured to register each of said software systems in said data-sharing session, said server maintaining a request for a set of requested data for a first of said software systems in said data-sharing session and resolving said set of said requested data to a set of shared data items received from other of said software systems in said data-sharing session based on semantic descriptions of said set of said requested data and said shared data items, said server notifying said first software system whenever updates to values of said shared data items resolving to said set of said requested data are available, said server destroying said data-sharing session if there is one of an absence of activity and an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said data-sharing session. 14. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said absence of activity comprises a first pre-determined period of time passing during which said values of said shared data items in said data-sharing session are unmodified by said software systems. 15. The computer system of claim 14, wherein at least one of said shared data items relates to a state of a control on a user interface of one of said software systems. 16. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said absence of activity comprises an absence of said updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said set of said requested data during a first pre-determined period of time. 17. The computer system of claim 16, wherein said server removes one of said values of said shared data items resolving to one of said requested data in said set upon receiving a request from one of said software systems to remove said value, said server notifying said first software system of said removing of said one value of said shared data items resolving to said one requested data, wherein said absence of activity further comprises an absence of said requests from said software systems to remove any of said values of said shared data items resolving to said requested data in said sets during said first pre-determined period of time. 18. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said particular characteristic comprises being a particular software system type. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 20. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said absence of said one software system of said particular software system type comprises a second pre-determined period of time subsequent to a de-registration of said one software system of said particular software system type during which one of said software systems of said particular software system type is unregistered in said data-sharing session. 21. The computer system of claim 18, wherein said server destroys said data-sharing session when one of said software systems of said particular software system type de-registers from said data-sharing session. 22. The computer system of claim 13, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said shared data items said software system type may share, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being of one of a subset of said software system types that may share a particular one of said shared data items. 23. The computer system of claim 13, wherein each of said software systems is of a software system type, each said software system type having a definition identifying which of said requested data said software system type may request, and wherein said particular characteristic comprises being one of a subset of said software system types that may request a particular one of said requested data. 24. The computer system of claim 13, wherein said characteristic is that said software system has a component that executes on a personal computing device. 25. A method for managing data sharing sessions, comprising:
managing a plurality of data-sharing sessions with a computer system, each said data-sharing session having a set of software systems participating therein; maintaining requests, by said computer system, for said software systems for sets of requested data; storing, by said computer system, values for at least one shared data item received from said software systems in said data-sharing session; resolving, by said computer system, said shared data items to at least one of said sets of said requested data using semantic descriptions provided for said shared data items and said requested data; notifying, by said computer system, said software systems requesting said at least one set of said requested data of available updates to said values of said shared data items resolving to said at least one set of said requested data; and destroying, by said computer system, one of said data-sharing sessions based on one of an absence of activity in said one data-sharing session, an absence of one of said software systems having a particular characteristic in said one data-sharing session, and a static value associated with said one data-sharing session. | 2,400 |
8,489 | 8,489 | 15,426,926 | 2,456 | A method, system and non-transitory computer-readable medium product are provided for resource watermarking and management. In the context of a method, a method is provided that includes identifying resources associated with a device and identifying a watermark template. The method further includes associating the watermark template with the resources, and authorizing the device to perform actions on the resources. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, comprising:
receiving, from a client device, an access request for the electronic resource; identifying the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark; determining dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and overlaying the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising determining the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored without the digital watermark. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at a watermarking server, the watermarking server providing the dynamic descriptive data before the electronic resource is provided to the client device. 26. The method of claim 21, further comprising configuring the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein the dynamic descriptive data includes a device identifier. 28. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, the instructions being configured to perform steps comprising:
receiving, from a client device, an access request for the electronic resource; identifying the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark; determining dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and overlaying the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 29. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 30. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, further comprising which, when executed, determine the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 31. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored without the digital watermark. 32. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at a watermarking server, the watermarking server providing the dynamic descriptive data before the electronic resource is provided to the client device. 33. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the instructions, when executed, further configure the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. 34. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the dynamic descriptive data includes a device identifier. 35. A system for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, comprising:
a client device configured to provide an access request for the electronic resource; one or more servers configured to at least:
identify the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark;
determine dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and
overlay the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 36. The system of claim 35, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 37. The system of claim 35, wherein the one or more servers are further configured to determine the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 38. The system of claim 35, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored by the one or more servers without the digital watermark. 39. The system of claim 35, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at the one or more servers, the one or more servers providing the dynamic descriptive data before providing the electronic resource to the client device. 40. The system of claim 35, further comprising configuring the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. | A method, system and non-transitory computer-readable medium product are provided for resource watermarking and management. In the context of a method, a method is provided that includes identifying resources associated with a device and identifying a watermark template. The method further includes associating the watermark template with the resources, and authorizing the device to perform actions on the resources.1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, comprising:
receiving, from a client device, an access request for the electronic resource; identifying the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark; determining dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and overlaying the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising determining the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored without the digital watermark. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at a watermarking server, the watermarking server providing the dynamic descriptive data before the electronic resource is provided to the client device. 26. The method of claim 21, further comprising configuring the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein the dynamic descriptive data includes a device identifier. 28. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, the instructions being configured to perform steps comprising:
receiving, from a client device, an access request for the electronic resource; identifying the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark; determining dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and overlaying the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 29. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 30. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, further comprising which, when executed, determine the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 31. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored without the digital watermark. 32. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at a watermarking server, the watermarking server providing the dynamic descriptive data before the electronic resource is provided to the client device. 33. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the instructions, when executed, further configure the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. 34. The computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein the dynamic descriptive data includes a device identifier. 35. A system for dynamically applying a digital watermark to an electronic resource, comprising:
a client device configured to provide an access request for the electronic resource; one or more servers configured to at least:
identify the electronic resource to receive the digital watermark;
determine dynamic descriptive data to apply to the electronic resource as the digital watermark, the dynamic descriptive data being associated with the access request; and
overlay the dynamic descriptive data on the electronic resource. 36. The system of claim 35, wherein the dynamic descriptive data is associated with the access request by including a user identifier and a timestamp associated with a user providing the access request. 37. The system of claim 35, wherein the one or more servers are further configured to determine the dynamic descriptive data in response to receiving the access request. 38. The system of claim 35, wherein the access request is sent from a user device to a resource server that stores the electronic resource, the electronic resource being stored by the one or more servers without the digital watermark. 39. The system of claim 35, wherein receiving the access request includes receiving the access request over a network at the one or more servers, the one or more servers providing the dynamic descriptive data before providing the electronic resource to the client device. 40. The system of claim 35, further comprising configuring the digital watermark to include the dynamic descriptive data in defined locations of the electronic resource. | 2,400 |
8,490 | 8,490 | 14,168,944 | 2,464 | Mechanisms for efficient transmission of large amount of download data from a base station to a user equipment in a multi-carrier that minimizes power consumption on the user equipment are described. When multiple component carriers are to be used to transmit the download data, the base station informs the user equipment. The base station transmits on the anchor carriers without wait after informing the user equipment and transmits on the non-anchor carriers after waiting a predetermined delay. The predetermined delay provides time to allow the user equipment to activate the receiving resources and be ready to receive the download data over the non-anchor carriers. In this manner, the user equipment can be in a power conservation mode and activate the receiver resources only when needed. | 1-32. (canceled) 33. A method in a base station of a wireless network for transmitting download, DL, data to a user equipment of the wireless network, the method comprising:
establishing, by the base station, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment; making a determination as to whether the DL data destined to the user equipment should be additionally transferred over a second carrier; and transmitting the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the second carrier should be additionally used, wherein the act of transmitting the DL data over the first and second carriers comprises:
splitting the DL data into at least first and second data parts;
notifying the user equipment of the DL data transmission including providing an identification of the second carrier over the first carrier;
transmitting the first data part over the first carrier; and
transmitting the second data part over the second carrier after waiting a predetermined delay, and
wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the second carrier is not used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment. 35. The method of claim 33,
wherein the act of notifying the user equipment comprises providing, over the first carrier or the second carrier, information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated to carry the second data part, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 36. The method of claim 33, further comprising:
transmitting the DL data over the first or the second carrier when it is determined that the second carrier should not be additionally used, wherein when the DL data is transmitted over the second carrier, the DL data is transmitted after the predetermined delay. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein in the act of transmitting the DL data over the first or the second carrier, it is determined that the DL data should be carried over the second carrier when any one or more of the following is true:
a channel quality of the second carrier is higher than a channel quality of the first carrier, a signal-to-interference ratio, SIR, of the second carrier is higher than a SIR of the first carrier, a received signal reference power, RSRP, of the second carrier is higher than a RSRP of the first carrier, a data transmission rate of the second carrier is higher than a data transmission rate of the first carrier, an error rate of the second carrier is lower than an error rate of the first carrier, and a remaining data carrying capacity of the second carrier is more than a remaining data carrying capacity of the first carrier. 38. A base station, comprising:
a communications unit arranged to communicate with a user equipment; and a processing unit arranged to:
establish, via the communications unit, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment;
make a determination as to whether download, DL, data destined to the user equipment should be additionally transferred over a second carrier; and
transmit, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the second carrier should be additionally used,
wherein the processing unit is arranged to transmit the DL data over the first and second carriers by splitting the DL data into at least first and second data parts, notifying, via the communications unit, the user equipment of the DL data transmission including providing an identification of the second carrier over the first carrier, and transmitting the first data part over the first carrier and the second data part over the second carrier, wherein the second data part is transmitted over the second carrier after waiting a predetermined delay, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 39. The base station of claim 38, wherein the second carrier is not used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment. 40. The base station of claim 38,
wherein the processing unit is arranged to provide, over the first carrier or the second carrier, information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated to carry the second data part, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 41. The base station of claim 38, wherein the processing unit is arranged to:
transmit the DL data over the first or the second carrier when it is determined that the second carrier should not be additionally used, wherein when the DL data is transmitted over the second carrier, the DL data is transmitted after the predetermined delay. 42. The base station of claim 41, wherein the processing unit is arranged to determine that the DL data should be carried over the second carrier when any one or more of the following is true:
a channel quality of the second carrier is higher than a channel quality of the first carrier, a signal-to-interference ratio, SIR, of the second carrier is higher than a SIR of the first carrier, a received signal reference power, RSRP, of the second carrier is higher than a RSRP of the first carrier, a data transmission rate of the second carrier is higher than a data transmission rate of the first carrier, an error rate of the second carrier is lower than an error rate of the first carrier, and a remaining data carrying capacity of the second carrier is more than a remaining data carrying capacity of the first carrier. 43. A method in a user equipment of a wireless network for receiving download, DL, data from a base station of the wireless network, the method comprising:
establishing, by the user equipment, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment; receiving a notification from the base station over the first carrier, the notification including an identification of a second carrier; making a determination whether the base station will additionally use a second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; and receiving the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the base station will additionally use the second carrier, wherein a first data part of the DL data is received over the first carrier, and after a predetermined delay, a second data part of the DL data is received over the second carrier, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 44. The method of claim 43, further comprising:
making a determination whether the base station will alternately use the second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; receiving the DL data over the second carrier after the predetermined delay when it is determined that the base station will alternately use the second carrier; and receiving the DL data over the first carrier when it is determined that the base station will not alternately use the second carrier. 45. The method of claim 43,
wherein the notification includes information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated for DL data carried over the first carrier or over the second carrier, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 46. The method of claim 43, wherein the second carrier is not used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment. 47. A user equipment in a wireless network capable of communicating with a base station over plural carriers, comprising:
a communications unit arranged to communicate with the base station; and a processing unit arranged to:
establish, via the communications unit, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used by the base station to provide control signals to user equipment;
receive, via the communications unit, a notification from the base station over the first carrier, the notification including an identification of a second carrier carried over the first carrier;
make a determination whether the base station will additionally use a second carrier to transfer download, DL, data based on the notification; and
receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the base station will additionally use the second carrier,
wherein a first data part of the DL data is received over the first carrier, and after a predetermined delay, a second data part of the DL data is received over the second carrier, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 48. The user equipment of claim 47, wherein the processing unit is arranged to:
make a determination whether the base station will alternately use the second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the second carrier after the predetermined delay when it is determined that the base station will alternately use the second carrier; and receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first carrier when it is determined that the base station will not alternately use the second carrier. 49. The user equipment of claim 47,
wherein the notification includes information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated for DL data carried over the first carrier or over the second carrier, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a Physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 50. The user equipment of claim 47, wherein the second carrier is not used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment. | Mechanisms for efficient transmission of large amount of download data from a base station to a user equipment in a multi-carrier that minimizes power consumption on the user equipment are described. When multiple component carriers are to be used to transmit the download data, the base station informs the user equipment. The base station transmits on the anchor carriers without wait after informing the user equipment and transmits on the non-anchor carriers after waiting a predetermined delay. The predetermined delay provides time to allow the user equipment to activate the receiving resources and be ready to receive the download data over the non-anchor carriers. In this manner, the user equipment can be in a power conservation mode and activate the receiver resources only when needed.1-32. (canceled) 33. A method in a base station of a wireless network for transmitting download, DL, data to a user equipment of the wireless network, the method comprising:
establishing, by the base station, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment; making a determination as to whether the DL data destined to the user equipment should be additionally transferred over a second carrier; and transmitting the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the second carrier should be additionally used, wherein the act of transmitting the DL data over the first and second carriers comprises:
splitting the DL data into at least first and second data parts;
notifying the user equipment of the DL data transmission including providing an identification of the second carrier over the first carrier;
transmitting the first data part over the first carrier; and
transmitting the second data part over the second carrier after waiting a predetermined delay, and
wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the second carrier is not used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment. 35. The method of claim 33,
wherein the act of notifying the user equipment comprises providing, over the first carrier or the second carrier, information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated to carry the second data part, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 36. The method of claim 33, further comprising:
transmitting the DL data over the first or the second carrier when it is determined that the second carrier should not be additionally used, wherein when the DL data is transmitted over the second carrier, the DL data is transmitted after the predetermined delay. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein in the act of transmitting the DL data over the first or the second carrier, it is determined that the DL data should be carried over the second carrier when any one or more of the following is true:
a channel quality of the second carrier is higher than a channel quality of the first carrier, a signal-to-interference ratio, SIR, of the second carrier is higher than a SIR of the first carrier, a received signal reference power, RSRP, of the second carrier is higher than a RSRP of the first carrier, a data transmission rate of the second carrier is higher than a data transmission rate of the first carrier, an error rate of the second carrier is lower than an error rate of the first carrier, and a remaining data carrying capacity of the second carrier is more than a remaining data carrying capacity of the first carrier. 38. A base station, comprising:
a communications unit arranged to communicate with a user equipment; and a processing unit arranged to:
establish, via the communications unit, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment;
make a determination as to whether download, DL, data destined to the user equipment should be additionally transferred over a second carrier; and
transmit, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the second carrier should be additionally used,
wherein the processing unit is arranged to transmit the DL data over the first and second carriers by splitting the DL data into at least first and second data parts, notifying, via the communications unit, the user equipment of the DL data transmission including providing an identification of the second carrier over the first carrier, and transmitting the first data part over the first carrier and the second data part over the second carrier, wherein the second data part is transmitted over the second carrier after waiting a predetermined delay, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 39. The base station of claim 38, wherein the second carrier is not used to provide control signals from the base station to the user equipment. 40. The base station of claim 38,
wherein the processing unit is arranged to provide, over the first carrier or the second carrier, information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated to carry the second data part, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 41. The base station of claim 38, wherein the processing unit is arranged to:
transmit the DL data over the first or the second carrier when it is determined that the second carrier should not be additionally used, wherein when the DL data is transmitted over the second carrier, the DL data is transmitted after the predetermined delay. 42. The base station of claim 41, wherein the processing unit is arranged to determine that the DL data should be carried over the second carrier when any one or more of the following is true:
a channel quality of the second carrier is higher than a channel quality of the first carrier, a signal-to-interference ratio, SIR, of the second carrier is higher than a SIR of the first carrier, a received signal reference power, RSRP, of the second carrier is higher than a RSRP of the first carrier, a data transmission rate of the second carrier is higher than a data transmission rate of the first carrier, an error rate of the second carrier is lower than an error rate of the first carrier, and a remaining data carrying capacity of the second carrier is more than a remaining data carrying capacity of the first carrier. 43. A method in a user equipment of a wireless network for receiving download, DL, data from a base station of the wireless network, the method comprising:
establishing, by the user equipment, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment; receiving a notification from the base station over the first carrier, the notification including an identification of a second carrier; making a determination whether the base station will additionally use a second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; and receiving the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the base station will additionally use the second carrier, wherein a first data part of the DL data is received over the first carrier, and after a predetermined delay, a second data part of the DL data is received over the second carrier, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 44. The method of claim 43, further comprising:
making a determination whether the base station will alternately use the second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; receiving the DL data over the second carrier after the predetermined delay when it is determined that the base station will alternately use the second carrier; and receiving the DL data over the first carrier when it is determined that the base station will not alternately use the second carrier. 45. The method of claim 43,
wherein the notification includes information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated for DL data carried over the first carrier or over the second carrier, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 46. The method of claim 43, wherein the second carrier is not used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment. 47. A user equipment in a wireless network capable of communicating with a base station over plural carriers, comprising:
a communications unit arranged to communicate with the base station; and a processing unit arranged to:
establish, via the communications unit, a connection over a first carrier, wherein the first carrier is used by the base station to provide control signals to user equipment;
receive, via the communications unit, a notification from the base station over the first carrier, the notification including an identification of a second carrier carried over the first carrier;
make a determination whether the base station will additionally use a second carrier to transfer download, DL, data based on the notification; and
receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first and second carriers when it is determined that the base station will additionally use the second carrier,
wherein a first data part of the DL data is received over the first carrier, and after a predetermined delay, a second data part of the DL data is received over the second carrier, and wherein the predetermined delay is an amount of time sufficient for the user equipment to prepare to receive over the second carrier. 48. The user equipment of claim 47, wherein the processing unit is arranged to:
make a determination whether the base station will alternately use the second carrier to transfer the DL data based on the notification; receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the second carrier after the predetermined delay when it is determined that the base station will alternately use the second carrier; and receive, via the communications unit, the DL data over the first carrier when it is determined that the base station will not alternately use the second carrier. 49. The user equipment of claim 47,
wherein the notification includes information regarding resource blocks, RBs, of the second carrier allocated for DL data carried over the first carrier or over the second carrier, and wherein the information regarding the RBs is provided on a Physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, or on a physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, of the first carrier or on the PDCCH of the second carrier. 50. The user equipment of claim 47, wherein the second carrier is not used by the base station to provide control signals to the user equipment. | 2,400 |
8,491 | 8,491 | 15,401,927 | 2,485 | An infrared imaging device includes a plurality of electronic components, a phase change material, and a heat transfer structure. The plurality of electronic components is configured to collect data and have a predetermined temperature parameter. The plurality of electronic components is disposed within the phase change material. The phase change material has a first material phase and a second material phase. The phase change material has a first material phase and a second material phase. The phase change material is configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase. The heat transfer structure is disposed within the phase change material. The heat transfer structure is configured to conduct heat within the phase change material. The phase change material and the heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of the electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. | 1. An infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 2. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 3. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 2 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 4. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 3 further comprising an optical dome coupled to said casing. 5. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said heat transfer structure comprises a heat pipe and a plurality of fins coupled to said heat pipe. 6. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said heat transfer structure comprises a porous mesh. 7. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of a paraffin, a salt, or an acid melt material. 8. An engine comprising:
a first casing; a second casing circumscribing said first casing, said second casing defining at least one port, said first casing and said second casing defining a hot fluid path; and an infrared imaging device positioned within said at least one port, said infrared imaging device configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; and
a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and
a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 9. The engine in accordance with claim 8 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 10. The engine in accordance with claim 9 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 11. The engine in accordance with claim 10 further comprising an optical dome coupled to said casing. 12. The engine in accordance with claim 8, wherein said electronic components comprise a communications module configured to transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 13. The engine in accordance with claim 12, wherein said communications module configured to wirelessly transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 14. The engine in accordance with claim 8, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of an acid melt material, a salt, an organic alloy, an inorganic alloy, an eutectic alloy, or a paraffin material. 15. An engine comprising:
a first casing; a second casing circumscribing said first casing, said first casing and said second casing defining a hot fluid path, said hot fluid path configured to channel a stream of hot fluid through said engine, said stream of hot fluid emitting a flow of heat; and an infrared imaging device configured to flow through said engine within said stream of hot fluid, said infrared imaging device further configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; and
a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and
a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 16. The engine in accordance with claim 15, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of a paraffin, a salt, or an acid melt material. 17. The engine in accordance with claim 15 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 18. The engine in accordance with claim 17 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 19. The engine in accordance with claim 18, wherein said electronic components comprise a communications module configured to transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 20. The engine in accordance with claim 19, wherein said communications module configured to wirelessly transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. | An infrared imaging device includes a plurality of electronic components, a phase change material, and a heat transfer structure. The plurality of electronic components is configured to collect data and have a predetermined temperature parameter. The plurality of electronic components is disposed within the phase change material. The phase change material has a first material phase and a second material phase. The phase change material has a first material phase and a second material phase. The phase change material is configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase. The heat transfer structure is disposed within the phase change material. The heat transfer structure is configured to conduct heat within the phase change material. The phase change material and the heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of the electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter.1. An infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 2. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 3. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 2 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 4. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 3 further comprising an optical dome coupled to said casing. 5. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said heat transfer structure comprises a heat pipe and a plurality of fins coupled to said heat pipe. 6. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said heat transfer structure comprises a porous mesh. 7. The infrared imaging device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of a paraffin, a salt, or an acid melt material. 8. An engine comprising:
a first casing; a second casing circumscribing said first casing, said second casing defining at least one port, said first casing and said second casing defining a hot fluid path; and an infrared imaging device positioned within said at least one port, said infrared imaging device configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; and
a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and
a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 9. The engine in accordance with claim 8 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 10. The engine in accordance with claim 9 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 11. The engine in accordance with claim 10 further comprising an optical dome coupled to said casing. 12. The engine in accordance with claim 8, wherein said electronic components comprise a communications module configured to transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 13. The engine in accordance with claim 12, wherein said communications module configured to wirelessly transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 14. The engine in accordance with claim 8, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of an acid melt material, a salt, an organic alloy, an inorganic alloy, an eutectic alloy, or a paraffin material. 15. An engine comprising:
a first casing; a second casing circumscribing said first casing, said first casing and said second casing defining a hot fluid path, said hot fluid path configured to channel a stream of hot fluid through said engine, said stream of hot fluid emitting a flow of heat; and an infrared imaging device configured to flow through said engine within said stream of hot fluid, said infrared imaging device further configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said infrared imaging device comprising:
a plurality of electronic components configured to collect data from said hot fluid path, said plurality of electronic components having a predetermined temperature parameter; and
a phase change material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said phase change material, said phase change material having a first material phase and a second material phase, said phase change material configured to absorb heat through changing from the first material phase to the second material phase; and
a heat transfer structure disposed within said phase change material, said heat transfer structure configured to conduct heat within said phase change material, wherein said phase change material and said heat transfer structure are further configured to regulate a temperature of said electronic components below the predetermined temperature parameter. 16. The engine in accordance with claim 15, wherein said phase change material comprises at least one of a paraffin, a salt, or an acid melt material. 17. The engine in accordance with claim 15 further comprising an insulation material, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said insulation material. 18. The engine in accordance with claim 17 further comprising a casing, said plurality of electronic components disposed within said casing. 19. The engine in accordance with claim 18, wherein said electronic components comprise a communications module configured to transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. 20. The engine in accordance with claim 19, wherein said communications module configured to wirelessly transmit data collected by said infrared imaging device. | 2,400 |
8,492 | 8,492 | 15,885,415 | 2,461 | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enhancing a beamforming training procedure. | 1. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a processing system configured to generate a plurality of transmit beamforming refinement frames for a sector sweep, each transmit beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep; a first interface configured to output the transmit beamforming refinement frames for transmission using a first transmit beamforming sector for the preambles and data fields and using one or more of second transmit beamforming sectors for each beamforming field; and a second interface configured to obtain a first feedback frame from a wireless node, after the last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep was output for transmission, the first feedback frame indicating one or more of the second transmit beamforming sectors; wherein the apparatus is configured to select at least one of the indicated one or more of the second transmit beamforming sectors for communication with the wireless node. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first interface is configured to output each beamforming field for transmission via a different set of the second transmit beamforming sectors. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided via a single bit. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding transmit beamforming frame is at a start of the sector sweep or is a continuation of the sector sweep. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided by a counter of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for transmission, wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain one or more of first acknowledgment frames from the wireless node, each acknowledging one of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; the processing system is configured to generate a subsequent transmit beamforming refinement frame after obtaining the one or more first acknowledgement frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the subsequent transmit beamforming refinement frame for transmission. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first feedback frame also has an indication of a receive signal quality of each of the indicated second transmit beamforming sectors; and the selection is based on corresponding receive signal quality. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first feedback frame also includes a request for a receive beamforming training phase; the processing system is further configured to generate, in response to the request, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; the first interface is further configured to output the receive beamforming refinement frames for transmission using at least one of the first transmit beamforming sector or one of the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain a second acknowledgement frame from the wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is output for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using one of the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the first feedback frame also indicates a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to include the requested number of training fields, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first interface is configured to output each of the receive beamforming refinement frames using a different third transmit beamforming sector. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the different third transmit beamforming sectors are selected from the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain a second acknowledgement frame from the wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase was output for transmission, the second acknowledgment frame indicating one of the third transmit beamforming sectors; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using the indicated third transmit beamforming sector after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for transmission, wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 16. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a processing system configured to generate a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in a receive beamforming refinement phase; and a first interface is configured to output the receive beamforming refinement frames for transmission using at least one first transmit beamforming sector. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a second interface configured to obtain a first acknowledgement frame from a wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase was output for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using a second transmit beamforming sector after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided via a single bit. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding receive beamforming frame is at a start of the beamforming refinement phase or is a continuation of the beamforming refinement phase. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided by a counter of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the receive beamforming frames. 22. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a second interface configured to obtain a first feedback frame including a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; wherein
the processing system is configured to include the requested number of training fields, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 23. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a first interface configured to obtain a plurality of transmit beamforming refinement frames during a sector sweep, wherein
a first portion of each transmit beamforming refinement frame is obtained via a first receive beamforming sector,
training fields of the transmit beamforming refinement frames are obtained while the apparatus is in an omnidirectional receive antenna mode,
each transmit beamforming refinement frame has an indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep, and
a processing system configured to
determine the sector sweep is over after identifying the last transmit beamforming refinement frame based on the indication contained therein determine the sector level sweep is complete,
in response to the determination,
select at least one first transmit beamforming sector that was used to transmit one of the training fields, based on received signal quality of the one of the training fields, and
generate a first feedback frame indicating the selected at least one first transmit beamforming sector; and
a second interface configured to output the first feedback frame for transmission. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a single bit. 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicates whether a corresponding transmit beamforming frame is at a start of the sector sweep or is a continuation of the sector sweep. 26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a counter of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, each data frame being obtained between two of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate one or more first acknowledgment frames, each first acknowledgment frame acknowledging one of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frames for transmission. 29. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first feedback frame also has an indication of a receive signal quality of each of the selected at least one first transmit beamforming sector. 30. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the first feedback frame also includes a request for a receive beamforming training phase; the first interface is further configured to obtain, in response to the request, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a first portion obtained via the first receive beamforming sector, at least one beamforming training field obtained via one or more second receive beamforming sectors, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to process the training fields to select one or more of the second receive beamforming sectors for use in communication with the wireless node. 31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the processing system is further configured generate a second acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; the second interface is further configured to output the second acknowledgment frame for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using one of the selected receive beamforming sectors after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the first feedback frame also indicates a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to process the requested number of training fields obtained, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames, using different receive beamforming sectors. 33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a second acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase, the second acknowledgment frame indicating at least one beamforming sector that was used to transmit one of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is configured to output the second acknowledgment frame for transmission. 34. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, wherein each data frame is obtained between two receive beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 35. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a first interface configured to obtain from a wireless node, during a receive beamforming phase, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a first portion obtained via a first receive beamforming sector, at least one beamforming training field obtained via a different receive beamforming sector, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and a processing system configured to process the training fields to select one of the different receive beamforming sectors for use in communication with the wireless node. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, further comprising:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frame for transmission. 37. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase via a single bit. 38. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding receive beamforming frame is at a start of the beamforming refinement phase or is a continuation of the beamforming refinement phase. 39. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a counter of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 40. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, each data frame being obtained between two of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 41. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first feedback frame, the first feedback frame including a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the apparatus further comprises a second interface configured to output the first feedback frame for transmission to the wireless node; wherein
the processing system is configured to evaluate the second receive beamforming sectors by processing the requested number of training fields obtained, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 42. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase, the first acknowledgment frame indicating at least one beamforming sector that was used by the wireless node to transmit one of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frame for transmission to the wireless device. 43-134. (canceled) | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enhancing a beamforming training procedure.1. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a processing system configured to generate a plurality of transmit beamforming refinement frames for a sector sweep, each transmit beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep; a first interface configured to output the transmit beamforming refinement frames for transmission using a first transmit beamforming sector for the preambles and data fields and using one or more of second transmit beamforming sectors for each beamforming field; and a second interface configured to obtain a first feedback frame from a wireless node, after the last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep was output for transmission, the first feedback frame indicating one or more of the second transmit beamforming sectors; wherein the apparatus is configured to select at least one of the indicated one or more of the second transmit beamforming sectors for communication with the wireless node. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first interface is configured to output each beamforming field for transmission via a different set of the second transmit beamforming sectors. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided via a single bit. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding transmit beamforming frame is at a start of the sector sweep or is a continuation of the sector sweep. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep is provided by a counter of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for transmission, wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain one or more of first acknowledgment frames from the wireless node, each acknowledging one of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; the processing system is configured to generate a subsequent transmit beamforming refinement frame after obtaining the one or more first acknowledgement frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the subsequent transmit beamforming refinement frame for transmission. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first feedback frame also has an indication of a receive signal quality of each of the indicated second transmit beamforming sectors; and the selection is based on corresponding receive signal quality. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first feedback frame also includes a request for a receive beamforming training phase; the processing system is further configured to generate, in response to the request, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; the first interface is further configured to output the receive beamforming refinement frames for transmission using at least one of the first transmit beamforming sector or one of the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain a second acknowledgement frame from the wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is output for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using one of the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the first feedback frame also indicates a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to include the requested number of training fields, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first interface is configured to output each of the receive beamforming refinement frames using a different third transmit beamforming sector. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the different third transmit beamforming sectors are selected from the second transmit beamforming sectors indicated in the first feedback frame. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein:
the second interface is further configured to obtain a second acknowledgement frame from the wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase was output for transmission, the second acknowledgment frame indicating one of the third transmit beamforming sectors; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using the indicated third transmit beamforming sector after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for transmission, wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 16. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a processing system configured to generate a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a preamble, a data field, at least one beamforming training field, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in a receive beamforming refinement phase; and a first interface is configured to output the receive beamforming refinement frames for transmission using at least one first transmit beamforming sector. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a second interface configured to obtain a first acknowledgement frame from a wireless node, after the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase was output for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using a second transmit beamforming sector after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided via a single bit. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding receive beamforming frame is at a start of the beamforming refinement phase or is a continuation of the beamforming refinement phase. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase is provided by a counter of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:
the processing system is configured to generate one or more data frames; and the first interface is further configured to output the data frames for wherein each data frame is output for transmission between at least two of the receive beamforming frames. 22. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a second interface configured to obtain a first feedback frame including a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; wherein
the processing system is configured to include the requested number of training fields, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 23. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a first interface configured to obtain a plurality of transmit beamforming refinement frames during a sector sweep, wherein
a first portion of each transmit beamforming refinement frame is obtained via a first receive beamforming sector,
training fields of the transmit beamforming refinement frames are obtained while the apparatus is in an omnidirectional receive antenna mode,
each transmit beamforming refinement frame has an indication of whether the transmit beamforming refinement frame is a last transmit beamforming refinement frame in the sector sweep, and
a processing system configured to
determine the sector sweep is over after identifying the last transmit beamforming refinement frame based on the indication contained therein determine the sector level sweep is complete,
in response to the determination,
select at least one first transmit beamforming sector that was used to transmit one of the training fields, based on received signal quality of the one of the training fields, and
generate a first feedback frame indicating the selected at least one first transmit beamforming sector; and
a second interface configured to output the first feedback frame for transmission. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a single bit. 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicates whether a corresponding transmit beamforming frame is at a start of the sector sweep or is a continuation of the sector sweep. 26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a counter of the transmit beamforming refinement frames. 27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, each data frame being obtained between two of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate one or more first acknowledgment frames, each first acknowledgment frame acknowledging one of the transmit beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frames for transmission. 29. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first feedback frame also has an indication of a receive signal quality of each of the selected at least one first transmit beamforming sector. 30. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the first feedback frame also includes a request for a receive beamforming training phase; the first interface is further configured to obtain, in response to the request, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a first portion obtained via the first receive beamforming sector, at least one beamforming training field obtained via one or more second receive beamforming sectors, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to process the training fields to select one or more of the second receive beamforming sectors for use in communication with the wireless node. 31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the processing system is further configured generate a second acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; the second interface is further configured to output the second acknowledgment frame for transmission; and the apparatus is configured to communicate with the wireless node using one of the selected receive beamforming sectors after obtaining the second acknowledgment frame. 32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the first feedback frame also indicates a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the processing system is configured to process the requested number of training fields obtained, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames, using different receive beamforming sectors. 33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a second acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase, the second acknowledgment frame indicating at least one beamforming sector that was used to transmit one of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is configured to output the second acknowledgment frame for transmission. 34. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, wherein each data frame is obtained between two receive beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 35. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising:
a first interface configured to obtain from a wireless node, during a receive beamforming phase, a plurality of receive beamforming refinement frames, each receive beamforming refinement frame comprising a first portion obtained via a first receive beamforming sector, at least one beamforming training field obtained via a different receive beamforming sector, and an indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and a processing system configured to process the training fields to select one of the different receive beamforming sectors for use in communication with the wireless node. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, further comprising:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frame for transmission. 37. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase via a single bit. 38. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of whether the receive beamforming refinement frame is a last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase via a plurality of bits, wherein the plurality of bits also indicate whether a corresponding receive beamforming frame is at a start of the beamforming refinement phase or is a continuation of the beamforming refinement phase. 39. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first interface is configured to obtain the indication of each beamforming refinement frame via a counter of the receive beamforming refinement frames. 40. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the first interface is further configured to obtain one or more data frames, each data frame being obtained between two of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the processing system is further configured to process the data frames. 41. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first feedback frame, the first feedback frame including a requested number of training fields for the receive beamforming refinement phase; and the apparatus further comprises a second interface configured to output the first feedback frame for transmission to the wireless node; wherein
the processing system is configured to evaluate the second receive beamforming sectors by processing the requested number of training fields obtained, collectively, in the receive beamforming refinement frames. 42. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:
the processing system is further configured to generate a first acknowledgement frame, after obtaining the last receive beamforming refinement frame in the receive beamforming refinement phase, the first acknowledgment frame indicating at least one beamforming sector that was used by the wireless node to transmit one of the receive beamforming refinement frames; and the second interface is further configured to output the first acknowledgment frame for transmission to the wireless device. 43-134. (canceled) | 2,400 |
8,493 | 8,493 | 15,272,370 | 2,447 | Exemplary embodiments relate to improvements in the design of a messaging inbox. The inbox may display different units or “modules” for providing a user with quick access to different inbox functionalities. Content may be ranked and ordered within a module, and modules may be ranked and ordered with respect to each other. Inter-module ranking may be based on elements such as individual activity and the activity of the messaging service's user base, the value of the module to the messaging service, and offline models. Intra-module ranking may be defined by individual modules (e.g., based on recency, importance to user, affinity, etc.). Intra-module ranking may affect inter-module ranking, such as when individual content in a low-rated module is particularly exciting or pertinent (causing the entire module to receive a higher inter-module ranking). | 1. A method, comprising:
identifying a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for a messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features; determining a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and presenting the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 2. The method of claim 1, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 3. The method of claim 1, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising altering the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising arranging content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 6. The method of claim 5, the intra-module ranked order being determined by the first module. 7. The method of claim 5, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions configured to cause one or more processors to:
identify a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for a messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features; determine a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and present the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 9. The medium of claim 8, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 10. The medium of claim 8, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 11. The medium of claim 8, further storing instructions for altering the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 12. The medium of claim 8, further storing instructions for arranging content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 13. The medium of claim 12, the intra-module ranked order being determined by the first module. 14. The medium of claim 12, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. 15. An apparatus comprising:
a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a messaging application for connecting to a messaging service; and a processing component configured to:
identify a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for the messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features;
determine a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and
present the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, the processing component further configured to alter the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, the processing component further configured to arrange content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. | Exemplary embodiments relate to improvements in the design of a messaging inbox. The inbox may display different units or “modules” for providing a user with quick access to different inbox functionalities. Content may be ranked and ordered within a module, and modules may be ranked and ordered with respect to each other. Inter-module ranking may be based on elements such as individual activity and the activity of the messaging service's user base, the value of the module to the messaging service, and offline models. Intra-module ranking may be defined by individual modules (e.g., based on recency, importance to user, affinity, etc.). Intra-module ranking may affect inter-module ranking, such as when individual content in a low-rated module is particularly exciting or pertinent (causing the entire module to receive a higher inter-module ranking).1. A method, comprising:
identifying a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for a messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features; determining a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and presenting the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 2. The method of claim 1, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 3. The method of claim 1, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising altering the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising arranging content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 6. The method of claim 5, the intra-module ranked order being determined by the first module. 7. The method of claim 5, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions configured to cause one or more processors to:
identify a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for a messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features; determine a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and present the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 9. The medium of claim 8, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 10. The medium of claim 8, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 11. The medium of claim 8, further storing instructions for altering the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 12. The medium of claim 8, further storing instructions for arranging content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 13. The medium of claim 12, the intra-module ranked order being determined by the first module. 14. The medium of claim 12, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. 15. An apparatus comprising:
a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a messaging application for connecting to a messaging service; and a processing component configured to:
identify a first module and a second module for presentation in an inbox interface for the messaging service, the first module and the second module providing access to features of the messaging service distinct from message or thread display features;
determine a ranked order for the first module and the second module; and
present the first module and the second module in the ranked order after a first subset of messages from a set of messages presented in the inbox interface. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, the ranked order being determined based on at least one of historical interaction with the messaging service by a first user associated with the inbox interface or historical interactions with the messaging service by a user base of the messaging service. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, the ranked order being determined at least in part based on a value of the first module and the second module to the messaging service. 18. The apparatus of claim 15, the processing component further configured to alter the ranked order based on content contained within the first module. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, the processing component further configured to arrange content within the first module in an intra-module ranked order. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, the intra-module ranked order being determined based on at least one of a recency of the content, an importance of the content to a user, or an affinity for the content by the user. | 2,400 |
8,494 | 8,494 | 13,043,848 | 2,426 | A set of media playback and device settings data from each home appliance of a first set of home appliances is stored on a central server and/or sent to a remote control device upon initiation of a suspend command by a user. The stored media and devices states may be used at a later time to control the first set of home appliances, or a user may, after relocating to a second set of home appliances, initiate a resume state command whereupon media playback and device settings data from the central server and/or remote control device controls each home appliance in the second set of home appliances to bring about the same or substantially similar media and device states as in the first set of home appliances. | 1. A method for saving state data with a control event in a media control system located in an environment, the method comprising:
receiving into a hand-held, portable controlling device input for programming a macro command sequence; storing in a memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received; and in response to the hand-held, portable controlling device being thereafter instructed to execute the programmed macro command sequence, causing the hand-held, portable controlling device to both execute the programmed macro command sequence and transmit one or more command communications to thereby bring about in the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located the state the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located was in at the time that input was received wherein the one or more command communications transmitted by the hand-held, portable controlling device are determined as a function of the data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received as stored in the memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device. 2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a channel number tuning command transmission. 3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the state data includes at least one of a state of volume, tint, brightness, contrast, ambient lighting, and temperature. 4. The method as recited in claim 1, comprising using sensors resident on the hand-held, portable controlling device to obtain the state data. 5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a genre based channel tuning command transmission. 6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a ratings based channel tuning command transmission. 7. A computer-readable media embodied in a non-transient, physical memory device having stored thereon instructions for saving state data with a control event in a hand-held, portable controlling device of a media control system located in an environment, the instructions performing steps, comprising:
receiving into the hand-held, portable controlling device input for programming a macro command sequence; storing in a memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received; and in response to the hand-held, portable controlling device being thereafter instructed to execute the programmed macro command sequence, causing the hand-held, portable controlling device to both execute the programmed macro command sequence and transmit one or more command communications to thereby bring about in the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located the state the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located was in at the time that input was received wherein the one or more command communications transmitted by the hand-held, portable controlling device are determined as a function of the data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received as stored in the memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device. 8. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a channel number tuning command transmission. 9. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the state data includes at least one of a state of volume, tint, brightness, contrast, ambient lighting, and temperature. 10. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, comprising using sensors resident on the hand-held, portable controlling device to obtain the state data. 11. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a genre based channel tuning command transmission. 12. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a ratings based channel tuning command transmission. | A set of media playback and device settings data from each home appliance of a first set of home appliances is stored on a central server and/or sent to a remote control device upon initiation of a suspend command by a user. The stored media and devices states may be used at a later time to control the first set of home appliances, or a user may, after relocating to a second set of home appliances, initiate a resume state command whereupon media playback and device settings data from the central server and/or remote control device controls each home appliance in the second set of home appliances to bring about the same or substantially similar media and device states as in the first set of home appliances.1. A method for saving state data with a control event in a media control system located in an environment, the method comprising:
receiving into a hand-held, portable controlling device input for programming a macro command sequence; storing in a memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received; and in response to the hand-held, portable controlling device being thereafter instructed to execute the programmed macro command sequence, causing the hand-held, portable controlling device to both execute the programmed macro command sequence and transmit one or more command communications to thereby bring about in the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located the state the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located was in at the time that input was received wherein the one or more command communications transmitted by the hand-held, portable controlling device are determined as a function of the data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received as stored in the memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device. 2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a channel number tuning command transmission. 3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the state data includes at least one of a state of volume, tint, brightness, contrast, ambient lighting, and temperature. 4. The method as recited in claim 1, comprising using sensors resident on the hand-held, portable controlling device to obtain the state data. 5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a genre based channel tuning command transmission. 6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a ratings based channel tuning command transmission. 7. A computer-readable media embodied in a non-transient, physical memory device having stored thereon instructions for saving state data with a control event in a hand-held, portable controlling device of a media control system located in an environment, the instructions performing steps, comprising:
receiving into the hand-held, portable controlling device input for programming a macro command sequence; storing in a memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received; and in response to the hand-held, portable controlling device being thereafter instructed to execute the programmed macro command sequence, causing the hand-held, portable controlling device to both execute the programmed macro command sequence and transmit one or more command communications to thereby bring about in the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located the state the at least one of the appliance and the environment in which the appliance is located was in at the time that input was received wherein the one or more command communications transmitted by the hand-held, portable controlling device are determined as a function of the data related to at least one of a state of an appliance and a state of an environment in which the appliance is located at a time that the input was received as stored in the memory of the hand-held, portable controlling device. 8. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a channel number tuning command transmission. 9. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the state data includes at least one of a state of volume, tint, brightness, contrast, ambient lighting, and temperature. 10. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, comprising using sensors resident on the hand-held, portable controlling device to obtain the state data. 11. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a genre based channel tuning command transmission. 12. The computer-readable media as recited in claim 7, wherein the macro command sequence comprises a ratings based channel tuning command transmission. | 2,400 |
8,495 | 8,495 | 16,038,528 | 2,472 | A mobile device (UE) may decode the Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) blindly, which may include obtaining resource elements (REs) that are reserved for the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), based on a largest value of a control format indicator (CFI), finding a total number of control channel elements (CCEs) according to the obtained REs, numbering the CCEs, and decoding the PDCCH for the largest value of the CFI over the numbered CCEs. Accordingly, the UE does not need to decode the PCFICH specifically. In some cases, the UE may indicate to the network that the UE is a constrained device, and the network may transmit control information according to a value intended for use by constrained devices. The UE may receive the transmitted value, and instead of decoding the PCFICH it may decode the control information based at least on the received value. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
a processing element configured to cause a device to:
determine that the device is a constrained device;
indicate to a network through wireless communications via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device;
receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices;
receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and
decode the control information based at least on the value. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to decode the control information, the processing element is configured to cause the device to decode a physical control channel based on an assumption that the physical control channel occupies a first four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. 8. A device comprising:
radio circuitry configured to facilitate wireless cellular communications of the device with a network; and a processing element communicatively coupled to the radio circuitry and configured to:
determine that the device is a constrained device;
indicate to the network via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device;
receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices;
receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and
decode the control information based at least on the value. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the processing element is configured to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 13. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. 14. The device of claim 8, wherein to decode the control information, the processing element is configured to decode a physical control channel based on an assumption that the physical control channel occupies a first four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. 15. A non-transitory memory element storing instructions executable by a processing element to cause a device to:
determine that the device is a constrained device; indicate to a network through wireless communications via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device; receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices; receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and decode the control information based at least on the value. 16. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value, instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH, at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 19. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. | A mobile device (UE) may decode the Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) blindly, which may include obtaining resource elements (REs) that are reserved for the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), based on a largest value of a control format indicator (CFI), finding a total number of control channel elements (CCEs) according to the obtained REs, numbering the CCEs, and decoding the PDCCH for the largest value of the CFI over the numbered CCEs. Accordingly, the UE does not need to decode the PCFICH specifically. In some cases, the UE may indicate to the network that the UE is a constrained device, and the network may transmit control information according to a value intended for use by constrained devices. The UE may receive the transmitted value, and instead of decoding the PCFICH it may decode the control information based at least on the received value.1. An apparatus comprising:
a processing element configured to cause a device to:
determine that the device is a constrained device;
indicate to a network through wireless communications via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device;
receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices;
receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and
decode the control information based at least on the value. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing element is configured to further cause the device to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to decode the control information, the processing element is configured to cause the device to decode a physical control channel based on an assumption that the physical control channel occupies a first four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. 8. A device comprising:
radio circuitry configured to facilitate wireless cellular communications of the device with a network; and a processing element communicatively coupled to the radio circuitry and configured to:
determine that the device is a constrained device;
indicate to the network via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device;
receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices;
receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and
decode the control information based at least on the value. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the processing element is configured to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 13. The device of claim 8, wherein the processing element is configured to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. 14. The device of claim 8, wherein to decode the control information, the processing element is configured to decode a physical control channel based on an assumption that the physical control channel occupies a first four orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols. 15. A non-transitory memory element storing instructions executable by a processing element to cause a device to:
determine that the device is a constrained device; indicate to a network through wireless communications via a random access channel that the device is a constrained device; receive a value from the network, wherein the value is intended for use by constrained devices; receive, from the network in a subframe, control information transmitted in accordance with the value; and decode the control information based at least on the value. 16. The non-transitory memory element of claim 15, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value, instead of decoding a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to decode the control information based at least on the value instead of decoding the PCFICH, at least in response to determining that the device is a constrained device. 18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to determine that the device is a constrained device based on one or more specified metrics. 19. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the one or more specified metrics comprise one or more of the following evaluated at the device:
Signal-To-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio; Channel Quality Indicator; Reference Signal Received Power; or Reference Signal Strength Indicator. 20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are executable by the processing element to further cause the device to indicate to the network that the device is a constrained device by indicating to the network that the device belongs to a specific reserved device category. | 2,400 |
8,496 | 8,496 | 14,279,007 | 2,495 | A system on chip (SOC) includes a policy generator to identify lifecycle data that identifies a lifecycle of the SOC and identify authentication data that identifies a particular user that is to debug the SoC. A particular policy is determined based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user, and policy data is sent to at least one block of the SoC, the policy data identifying the particular policy. Debug access at the block is based on the particular policy. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
a lifecycle data identifier to identify a lifecycle of a system-on-chip (SoC); an authenticator to identify a particular user to debug the SoC; a policy manager to determine a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and a transmitter to send policy data to at least one block of the SoC, wherein the policy data is to identify the particular policy and debug access at the block is based on the particular policy. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the particular policy is mapped to a combination of the lifecycle and the particular user. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a policy generator block. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the policy manager determines the particular policy to be applied for the entire SoC. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the policy data is broadcast to each of a plurality of blocks of the SoC. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifecycle data is read from fuses encoded to identify the lifecycle of the SoC. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the authentication data is received via a Joint Test Access Group (JTAG) interface of the SoC. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the authentication data is received from firmware. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the policy manager is further to populate one or more registers with data to describe a debug session corresponding to the debug of the SoC. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifecycle comprises one of a group comprising: manufacturing lifecycle state, production lifecycle state, and decommissioned lifecycle state. 11. A method comprising:
identifying lifecycle data, wherein the lifecycle data identifies a lifecycle of a system-on-chip (SoC); identifying authentication data, wherein the authentication data identifies a particular user to debug the SoC; determining a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and sending policy data to at least one block of the SoC, wherein the policy data identifies the particular policy and debug access at the block is based on the particular policy. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the policy data is to be sent over a secure sideband connection. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein logic at the block is to determine how to enforce the particular policy at the block. 14. An apparatus comprising:
policy enforcement logic to:
receive, at a particular block of a system-on-chip (SoC), policy data from a policy generator block of the SoC, wherein the policy data identifies a particular one of a plurality of policies;
identify a debug access state corresponding to the particular policy; and
enforce the debug access state. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the policy generator block determines the particular policy for the entire SoC. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the policy data is broadcast to each of a plurality of blocks on the SoC including the particular block, and each block determines how to enforce the particular policy at the respective block. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a second one of the plurality of blocks uses a different debug access state to enforce the particular policy. 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the policy data is to be received over a secure sideband connection between the particular block and the policy generator block. 19. A system comprising:
a system-on-chip (SoC) comprising:
a first computing block;
a second computing block; and
a policy generator block to:
identify lifecycle data, wherein the lifecycle data identifies a lifecycle of the SoC;
identify authentication data, wherein the authentication data identifies a particular user to debug the SoC;
determine a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and
send policy data to at least the first and second computing blocks, wherein the policy data identifies the particular policy and debug access at each of the first and second computing blocks is based on the particular policy. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the first computing block includes policy enforcement logic to identify a subset of debug features of the first computing block to enable during enforcement of the particular policy to protect access to one or more assets of the first computing block. | A system on chip (SOC) includes a policy generator to identify lifecycle data that identifies a lifecycle of the SOC and identify authentication data that identifies a particular user that is to debug the SoC. A particular policy is determined based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user, and policy data is sent to at least one block of the SoC, the policy data identifying the particular policy. Debug access at the block is based on the particular policy.1. An apparatus comprising:
a lifecycle data identifier to identify a lifecycle of a system-on-chip (SoC); an authenticator to identify a particular user to debug the SoC; a policy manager to determine a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and a transmitter to send policy data to at least one block of the SoC, wherein the policy data is to identify the particular policy and debug access at the block is based on the particular policy. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the particular policy is mapped to a combination of the lifecycle and the particular user. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a policy generator block. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the policy manager determines the particular policy to be applied for the entire SoC. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the policy data is broadcast to each of a plurality of blocks of the SoC. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifecycle data is read from fuses encoded to identify the lifecycle of the SoC. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the authentication data is received via a Joint Test Access Group (JTAG) interface of the SoC. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the authentication data is received from firmware. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the policy manager is further to populate one or more registers with data to describe a debug session corresponding to the debug of the SoC. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lifecycle comprises one of a group comprising: manufacturing lifecycle state, production lifecycle state, and decommissioned lifecycle state. 11. A method comprising:
identifying lifecycle data, wherein the lifecycle data identifies a lifecycle of a system-on-chip (SoC); identifying authentication data, wherein the authentication data identifies a particular user to debug the SoC; determining a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and sending policy data to at least one block of the SoC, wherein the policy data identifies the particular policy and debug access at the block is based on the particular policy. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the policy data is to be sent over a secure sideband connection. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein logic at the block is to determine how to enforce the particular policy at the block. 14. An apparatus comprising:
policy enforcement logic to:
receive, at a particular block of a system-on-chip (SoC), policy data from a policy generator block of the SoC, wherein the policy data identifies a particular one of a plurality of policies;
identify a debug access state corresponding to the particular policy; and
enforce the debug access state. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the policy generator block determines the particular policy for the entire SoC. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the policy data is broadcast to each of a plurality of blocks on the SoC including the particular block, and each block determines how to enforce the particular policy at the respective block. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a second one of the plurality of blocks uses a different debug access state to enforce the particular policy. 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the policy data is to be received over a secure sideband connection between the particular block and the policy generator block. 19. A system comprising:
a system-on-chip (SoC) comprising:
a first computing block;
a second computing block; and
a policy generator block to:
identify lifecycle data, wherein the lifecycle data identifies a lifecycle of the SoC;
identify authentication data, wherein the authentication data identifies a particular user to debug the SoC;
determine a particular policy based on the lifecycle and identification of the particular user; and
send policy data to at least the first and second computing blocks, wherein the policy data identifies the particular policy and debug access at each of the first and second computing blocks is based on the particular policy. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the first computing block includes policy enforcement logic to identify a subset of debug features of the first computing block to enable during enforcement of the particular policy to protect access to one or more assets of the first computing block. | 2,400 |
8,497 | 8,497 | 15,922,461 | 2,477 | In a wireless network, a Distributed Unit (DU) receives Uplink (UL) data from User Equipment (UE) and a Central Unit (CU) receives Downlink (DL) data for the UE. When DL-centric applications in the UE use the DL, the CU executes most network applications and the DU executes a few network applications. When the DL-centric applications use the UL, the DU executes the network applications and the CU transfers the UL data to the core. When UL-centric applications in the UE use the DL, the CU routes the DL data to the DU, and the DU executes the network applications. When the UL-centric applications use the UL, the DU executes a few network applications and the CU executes most network applications to route the data to the core. Advantageously, the DU and the CU are optimized to process UL/DL data for a user application based on whether the user application is UL-centric or DL-centric. | 1. A method of operating a wireless data network to serve wireless User Equipment (UE) that executes a downlink-centric client application and that executes an uplink-centric server application, the method comprising:
Distributed Unit (DU) circuitry wirelessly receiving Uplink (UL) client data transferred from the downlink-centric client application and executing a DU UL Physical Module (PHY), DU UL Media Access Control Module (MAC), DU UL Radio Link Control Module (RLC), DU UL Packet Data Convergence Protocol Module (PDCP), and DU UL Radio Resource Control Module (RRC) and responsively transferring the UL client data for delivery to Central Unit (CU) circuitry; the CU circuitry receiving the UL client data for the downlink-centric client application and transferring the UL client data for delivery to a network core; the CU circuitry receiving DL client data transferred from the network core for delivery to the downlink-centric client application and executing a CU DL RRC, CU DL PDCP, CU DL RLC, and CU DL MAC and responsively transferring the DL client data for delivery to the DU circuitry; the DU circuitry receiving the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application and executing a DU DL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Module (HARM) of a DU DL MAC and a DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transferring the DL client data to the wireless UE for delivery to the downlink-centric client application; the DU circuitry wirelessly receiving UL server data transferred from the uplink-centric server application and executing the DU UL PHY and a DU UL HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC and responsively transferring the UL server data for delivery to the CU circuitry; the CU circuitry receiving the UL server data for the uplink-centric server application and executing a CU UL MAC, CU UL RLC, CU UL PDCP, and CU UL RRC and responsively transferring the UL server data for delivery to the network core; the CU circuitry receiving DL server data transferred from the network core for delivery to the uplink-centric server application and transferring the DL server data for delivery to the DU circuitry; and the DU circuitry receiving the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application and executing a DU DL RRC, DU DL PDCP, DU DL RLC, the DU DL MAC, and the DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transferring the DL server data to the wireless UE for delivery to the uplink-centric server application. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL client data and the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application have a downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL server data and the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application have an uplink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
the CU circuitry receiving CU signaling having a downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the CU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry receiving DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
the CU circuitry receiving CU signaling having an uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the CU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry receiving DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL client data, the UL server data, the UL server data, and the DL server data have internet addresses and internet ports; and further comprising:
the CU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into a downlink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the DU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into the downlink-centric indicator and wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into an uplink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into the uplink-centric indicator wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC comprises receiving and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the DL server data to the DU DL MAC. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the DU UL MAC comprises receiving and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the DL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC comprises generating and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the UL server data to the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the DU UL MAC comprises generating and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the UL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 11. A wireless data network to serve wireless User Equipment (UE) that executes a downlink-centric client application and that executes an uplink-centric server application, the wireless data network comprising:
Distributed Unit (DU) circuitry configured to wirelessly receiving Uplink (UL) client data transferred from the downlink-centric client application and execute a DU UL Physical Module (PHY), DU UL Media Access Control Module (MAC), DU UL Radio Link Control Module (RLC), DU UL Packet Data Convergence Protocol Module (PDCP), and DU UL Radio Resource Control Module (RRC) and responsively transfer the UL client data for delivery to Central Unit (CU) circuitry; the CU circuitry configured to receive the UL client data for the downlink-centric client application and transfer the UL client data for delivery to a network core; the CU circuitry configured to receive DL client data transferred from the network core for delivery to the downlink-centric client application and execute a CU DL RRC, CU DL PDCP, CU DL RLC, and CU DL MAC and responsively transfer the DL client data for delivery to the DU circuitry; the DU circuitry configured to receive the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application and execute a DU DL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Module (HARQ) of a DU DL MAC and execute a DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transfer the DL client data to the wireless UE for delivery to the downlink-centric client application; the DU circuitry configured to wirelessly receive UL server data transferred from the uplink-centric server application and execute the DU UL PHY and a DU UL HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC and responsively transfer the UL server data for delivery to the CU circuitry; the CU circuitry configured to receive the UL server data for the uplink-centric server application and execute a CU UL MAC, CU UL RLC, CU UL PDCP, and CU UL RRC and responsively transfer the UL server data for delivery to the network core; the CU circuitry configured to receive DL server data transferred from the network core for delivery to the uplink-centric server application and transfer the DL server data for delivery to the DU circuitry; and the DU circuitry configured to receive the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application and execute a DU DL RRC, DU DL PDCP, DU DL RLC, the DU DL MAC, and the DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transfer the DL server data to the wireless UE for delivery to the uplink-centric server application. 12. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL client data and the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application have a downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator. 13. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL server data and the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application have an uplink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 14. The wireless data network of claim 11 further comprising:
the CU circuitry configured to receive CU signaling having a downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the CU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to receive DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator. 15. The wireless data network of claim 11 further comprising:
the CU circuitry is configured to receive CU signaling having an uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the CU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to receive DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator. 16. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL client data, the UL server data, the UL server data, and the DL server data have internet addresses and internet ports; and further comprising:
the CU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into a downlink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the DU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into the downlink-centric indicator and wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into an uplink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into the uplink-centric indicator wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 17. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC to receive and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the DL server data to the DU DL MAC. 18. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the DU UL MAC to receive and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the DL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC. 19. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC to generate and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the UL server data to the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 20. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the DU UL MAC to generate and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the UL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. | In a wireless network, a Distributed Unit (DU) receives Uplink (UL) data from User Equipment (UE) and a Central Unit (CU) receives Downlink (DL) data for the UE. When DL-centric applications in the UE use the DL, the CU executes most network applications and the DU executes a few network applications. When the DL-centric applications use the UL, the DU executes the network applications and the CU transfers the UL data to the core. When UL-centric applications in the UE use the DL, the CU routes the DL data to the DU, and the DU executes the network applications. When the UL-centric applications use the UL, the DU executes a few network applications and the CU executes most network applications to route the data to the core. Advantageously, the DU and the CU are optimized to process UL/DL data for a user application based on whether the user application is UL-centric or DL-centric.1. A method of operating a wireless data network to serve wireless User Equipment (UE) that executes a downlink-centric client application and that executes an uplink-centric server application, the method comprising:
Distributed Unit (DU) circuitry wirelessly receiving Uplink (UL) client data transferred from the downlink-centric client application and executing a DU UL Physical Module (PHY), DU UL Media Access Control Module (MAC), DU UL Radio Link Control Module (RLC), DU UL Packet Data Convergence Protocol Module (PDCP), and DU UL Radio Resource Control Module (RRC) and responsively transferring the UL client data for delivery to Central Unit (CU) circuitry; the CU circuitry receiving the UL client data for the downlink-centric client application and transferring the UL client data for delivery to a network core; the CU circuitry receiving DL client data transferred from the network core for delivery to the downlink-centric client application and executing a CU DL RRC, CU DL PDCP, CU DL RLC, and CU DL MAC and responsively transferring the DL client data for delivery to the DU circuitry; the DU circuitry receiving the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application and executing a DU DL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Module (HARM) of a DU DL MAC and a DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transferring the DL client data to the wireless UE for delivery to the downlink-centric client application; the DU circuitry wirelessly receiving UL server data transferred from the uplink-centric server application and executing the DU UL PHY and a DU UL HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC and responsively transferring the UL server data for delivery to the CU circuitry; the CU circuitry receiving the UL server data for the uplink-centric server application and executing a CU UL MAC, CU UL RLC, CU UL PDCP, and CU UL RRC and responsively transferring the UL server data for delivery to the network core; the CU circuitry receiving DL server data transferred from the network core for delivery to the uplink-centric server application and transferring the DL server data for delivery to the DU circuitry; and the DU circuitry receiving the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application and executing a DU DL RRC, DU DL PDCP, DU DL RLC, the DU DL MAC, and the DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transferring the DL server data to the wireless UE for delivery to the uplink-centric server application. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL client data and the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application have a downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL server data and the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application have an uplink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
the CU circuitry receiving CU signaling having a downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the CU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry receiving DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
the CU circuitry receiving CU signaling having an uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the CU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry receiving DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the UL client data, the UL server data, the UL server data, and the DL server data have internet addresses and internet ports; and further comprising:
the CU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into a downlink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the DU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into the downlink-centric indicator and wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL client data and the DL client data comprises processing the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into an uplink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry translating the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into the uplink-centric indicator wherein the DU circuitry processing the UL server data and the DL server data comprises processing the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC comprises receiving and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the DL server data to the DU DL MAC. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the DU UL MAC comprises receiving and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the DL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC comprises generating and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the UL server data to the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the DU circuitry executing the DU UL MAC comprises generating and transferring HARQ acknowledgements for the UL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 11. A wireless data network to serve wireless User Equipment (UE) that executes a downlink-centric client application and that executes an uplink-centric server application, the wireless data network comprising:
Distributed Unit (DU) circuitry configured to wirelessly receiving Uplink (UL) client data transferred from the downlink-centric client application and execute a DU UL Physical Module (PHY), DU UL Media Access Control Module (MAC), DU UL Radio Link Control Module (RLC), DU UL Packet Data Convergence Protocol Module (PDCP), and DU UL Radio Resource Control Module (RRC) and responsively transfer the UL client data for delivery to Central Unit (CU) circuitry; the CU circuitry configured to receive the UL client data for the downlink-centric client application and transfer the UL client data for delivery to a network core; the CU circuitry configured to receive DL client data transferred from the network core for delivery to the downlink-centric client application and execute a CU DL RRC, CU DL PDCP, CU DL RLC, and CU DL MAC and responsively transfer the DL client data for delivery to the DU circuitry; the DU circuitry configured to receive the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application and execute a DU DL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Module (HARQ) of a DU DL MAC and execute a DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transfer the DL client data to the wireless UE for delivery to the downlink-centric client application; the DU circuitry configured to wirelessly receive UL server data transferred from the uplink-centric server application and execute the DU UL PHY and a DU UL HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC and responsively transfer the UL server data for delivery to the CU circuitry; the CU circuitry configured to receive the UL server data for the uplink-centric server application and execute a CU UL MAC, CU UL RLC, CU UL PDCP, and CU UL RRC and responsively transfer the UL server data for delivery to the network core; the CU circuitry configured to receive DL server data transferred from the network core for delivery to the uplink-centric server application and transfer the DL server data for delivery to the DU circuitry; and the DU circuitry configured to receive the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application and execute a DU DL RRC, DU DL PDCP, DU DL RLC, the DU DL MAC, and the DU DL PHY and responsively wirelessly transfer the DL server data to the wireless UE for delivery to the uplink-centric server application. 12. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL client data and the DL client data for the downlink-centric client application have a downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator. 13. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL server data and the DL server data for the uplink-centric server application have an uplink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 14. The wireless data network of claim 11 further comprising:
the CU circuitry configured to receive CU signaling having a downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the CU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to receive DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator for the UL client data and the DL client data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the DU signaling having the downlink-centric indicator. 15. The wireless data network of claim 11 further comprising:
the CU circuitry is configured to receive CU signaling having an uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the CU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to receive DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator for the UL server data and the DL server data wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the DU signaling having the uplink-centric indicator. 16. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein:
the UL client data, the UL server data, the UL server data, and the DL server data have internet addresses and internet ports; and further comprising:
the CU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into a downlink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the DU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL client data and the DL client data into the downlink-centric indicator and wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL client data and the DL client data responsive to the downlink-centric indicator;
the CU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into an uplink-centric indicator and wherein the CU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator; and
the DU circuitry is configured to translate the internet addresses and the internet ports for the UL server data and the DL server data into the uplink-centric indicator wherein the DU circuitry is configured to process the UL server data and the DL server data responsive to the uplink-centric indicator. 17. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC to receive and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the DL server data to the DU DL MAC. 18. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the DU UL MAC to receive and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the DL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC. 19. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the HARQ portion of the DU UL MAC to generate and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the UL server data to the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. 20. The wireless data network of claim 11 wherein the DU circuitry is configured to execute the DU UL MAC to generate and transfer HARQ acknowledgements for the UL client data to the HARQ portion of the DU DL MAC for delivery to the wireless UE. | 2,400 |
8,498 | 8,498 | 14,623,273 | 2,455 | A device transmits a request to access image data stored in a cloud and then receives an access path to the image data. If the image data are in a first data format, the device reads the image data via the access path, converts them into the second data format, and stores the converted image data in the cloud. It also modifies the access path according to a modification rule and stores the modified access path in the cloud. If the image data are in the second data format, the device either always reads the image data in the second data format via the access path or checks whether a special instruction has been defined. On the basis of the special instruction, the device either reads the image data in the second data format via the access path or remodifies the access path using the modification rule. | 1. A method for accessing image data stored in a cloud, the method being carried out by a device, the method comprising:
transmitting, via the device, a request to the cloud to access the image data; receiving, at the device, an access path to the image data from the cloud; using, via the device, the access path to check whether the image data are in a first data format or in a second data format; if the image data are in the first data format, the device
reading the image data from the cloud via the access path;
converting the image data inside the device into the second data format;
storing the image data converted into the second data format in the cloud;
modifying the access path according to a modification rule, with a result that the access path is usable to discern that the image data are stored in the cloud in the second data format; and
storing the modified access path in the cloud,
if the image data are in the second data format, the device
either always reading the image data in the second data format from the cloud via the access path;
or checking whether a special instruction has been predefined therefor by a user and, on the basis of the special instruction;
either reading the image data in the second data format from the cloud via the access path;
or remodifying the access path using the modification rule and reading the image data in the first data format from the cloud via the remodified access path. 2. The access method of claim 1, wherein the modification of the access path comprises at least one of changing a folder in which the image data are stored in the cloud and modifying the file type from an extension which characterizes the first data format to an extension which characterizes the second data format. 3. The access method of claim 1, wherein, before transmitting a request to access the image data to the cloud, the device stores the image data in the first data format and stores an access path to the image data in the cloud. 4. The access method of claim 1, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 5. The access method of claim 1, wherein the access method is carried out in a manner embedded in a web browser. 6. The access method of claim 1, wherein the first data format is the DICOM format, and wherein the second data format is the JPEG format or the PNG format. 7. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 1. 8. The program code of claim 7, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 9. A device programmed with program code of claim 7. 10. The access method of claim 2, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 11. The access method of claim 3, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 12. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 2. 13. The program code of claim 12, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 14. A device programmed with program code of claim 12. 15. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 3. 16. The program code of claim 15, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 17. A device programmed with program code of claim 15. 18. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 1. 19. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 2. 20. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 3. | A device transmits a request to access image data stored in a cloud and then receives an access path to the image data. If the image data are in a first data format, the device reads the image data via the access path, converts them into the second data format, and stores the converted image data in the cloud. It also modifies the access path according to a modification rule and stores the modified access path in the cloud. If the image data are in the second data format, the device either always reads the image data in the second data format via the access path or checks whether a special instruction has been defined. On the basis of the special instruction, the device either reads the image data in the second data format via the access path or remodifies the access path using the modification rule.1. A method for accessing image data stored in a cloud, the method being carried out by a device, the method comprising:
transmitting, via the device, a request to the cloud to access the image data; receiving, at the device, an access path to the image data from the cloud; using, via the device, the access path to check whether the image data are in a first data format or in a second data format; if the image data are in the first data format, the device
reading the image data from the cloud via the access path;
converting the image data inside the device into the second data format;
storing the image data converted into the second data format in the cloud;
modifying the access path according to a modification rule, with a result that the access path is usable to discern that the image data are stored in the cloud in the second data format; and
storing the modified access path in the cloud,
if the image data are in the second data format, the device
either always reading the image data in the second data format from the cloud via the access path;
or checking whether a special instruction has been predefined therefor by a user and, on the basis of the special instruction;
either reading the image data in the second data format from the cloud via the access path;
or remodifying the access path using the modification rule and reading the image data in the first data format from the cloud via the remodified access path. 2. The access method of claim 1, wherein the modification of the access path comprises at least one of changing a folder in which the image data are stored in the cloud and modifying the file type from an extension which characterizes the first data format to an extension which characterizes the second data format. 3. The access method of claim 1, wherein, before transmitting a request to access the image data to the cloud, the device stores the image data in the first data format and stores an access path to the image data in the cloud. 4. The access method of claim 1, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 5. The access method of claim 1, wherein the access method is carried out in a manner embedded in a web browser. 6. The access method of claim 1, wherein the first data format is the DICOM format, and wherein the second data format is the JPEG format or the PNG format. 7. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 1. 8. The program code of claim 7, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 9. A device programmed with program code of claim 7. 10. The access method of claim 2, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 11. The access method of claim 3, wherein, if the device stores the image data converted into the second data format and the modified access path in the cloud, the device
reads the image data stored by the device in the cloud in the second data format from the cloud, checks the image data read from the cloud in the second data format for identity with the image data previously converted by the device, in the event of identity, deletes the image data stored in the first data format in the cloud, and in the event of a lack of identity, carries out an error response. 12. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 2. 13. The program code of claim 12, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 14. A device programmed with program code of claim 12. 15. A machine-readable program code for a device, the program code including control instructions, the execution of which causes the device to carry out the access method of claim 3. 16. The program code of claim 15, wherein the program code is stored on a storage medium. 17. A device programmed with program code of claim 15. 18. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 1. 19. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 2. 20. A non-transitory computer readable comprising program code segments which, when executed by a computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 3. | 2,400 |
8,499 | 8,499 | 15,381,227 | 2,424 | A comprehensive mechanism is provided for broadcasting and accessing multiple audio sources in connection with the viewing of a television program. In the preferred embodiment, the first step in providing audio is collecting the audio through the use of standard audio capture techniques. Next, the audio is distributed by either of in-band via broadcast or out-of-band techniques. In-band audio is preferably provided via an MPEG stream associated with the current television program. Out-of-band (OOB) audio can be broadcast as well, although it is preferable to select which channel is distributed upstream first, rather than broadcast all channels downstream and consume bandwidth for unselected audio. Thus, it is preferred that only the desired audio channel(s) are sent over the OOB channel. The audio is preferably tagged with metadata, such that information describing the audio accompanies each audio channel. This allows, for example, a description of the audio to be provided to the viewer as part of a selection mechanism (see below), and/or provides control information that is used by the system, for example to configure the system for a particular type of audio processing, e.g. DTS; display accompanying graphic information; such as an ad; or engage a viewer authentication/billing mechanism, for example to provide upstream information concerning the viewer's selections. With either system, the viewer operates a set top box to select the appropriate audio channel(s) and route the television audio to a television or to a separate amplifier and speakers for reproduction. | 1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive a multiplexed signal comprising a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata comprising rating information for each of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal in response to a determination, based on the rating information, that the selected audio signal corresponds to an approved selection. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the metadata further comprises a description of audio content of each of the plurality of audio signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the description of audio content indicates that a first audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a first source and that a second audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a second source. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the audio signals comprise Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) encoded signals. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
determine preference information based on input information or on viewing preferences to assist a user in selecting the audio signal. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the preference information comprises information for prioritizing an order of titles of two or more of the plurality of audio signals based on the preference information for simultaneous presentation of the titles in the order. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
prioritize an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals based on the preference information; and cause presentation of the audio signal list. 9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
modify, based on the preference information, an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals to generate a modified audio signal list; and cause presentation of the modified audio signal list. 10. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive content that comprises a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals, wherein the metadata comprises rating information;
determine, based on the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
output the video signal and the selected audio signal. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
decode the content from a multiplexed signal. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the metadata further comprises at least one of a description of the audio signal, information identifying the audio signal, and control information for use in processing the audio signal. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the description of the audio signal comprises information for prioritizing an order of titles of two or more of the audio signals based on viewer preferences for simultaneous presentation of the titles in the order. 14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the audio signals comprise MPEG encoded signals. 15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
determine preference information based on at least one of input information and viewing preferences, wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the preference information. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
modify, based on the preference information, an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals to generate a modified audio signal list; and cause presentation of the modified audio signal list. 17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
cause presentation of the subset of the plurality of audio signals. 18. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata, wherein each of the plurality of audio signals is associated with corresponding metadata;
determine, based on a user preference and the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
cause output of a selectable audio feature comprising the subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to determine the user preference based on user input received from a user input device. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the metadata comprises rating information and wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the rating information. 21. A system, comprising:
a first computing device configured to:
generate content comprising a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals, wherein the metadata comprises rating information; and
cause output of the content; and
a second computing device configured to:
receive the content that comprises the video signal, the plurality of audio signals, and the metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals;
determine, based on the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the metadata further comprises a description of audio content of each of the plurality of audio signals. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the description of audio content indicates that a first audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a first source and that a second audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a second source. 24. The system of claim 21, wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the rating information. | A comprehensive mechanism is provided for broadcasting and accessing multiple audio sources in connection with the viewing of a television program. In the preferred embodiment, the first step in providing audio is collecting the audio through the use of standard audio capture techniques. Next, the audio is distributed by either of in-band via broadcast or out-of-band techniques. In-band audio is preferably provided via an MPEG stream associated with the current television program. Out-of-band (OOB) audio can be broadcast as well, although it is preferable to select which channel is distributed upstream first, rather than broadcast all channels downstream and consume bandwidth for unselected audio. Thus, it is preferred that only the desired audio channel(s) are sent over the OOB channel. The audio is preferably tagged with metadata, such that information describing the audio accompanies each audio channel. This allows, for example, a description of the audio to be provided to the viewer as part of a selection mechanism (see below), and/or provides control information that is used by the system, for example to configure the system for a particular type of audio processing, e.g. DTS; display accompanying graphic information; such as an ad; or engage a viewer authentication/billing mechanism, for example to provide upstream information concerning the viewer's selections. With either system, the viewer operates a set top box to select the appropriate audio channel(s) and route the television audio to a television or to a separate amplifier and speakers for reproduction.1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive a multiplexed signal comprising a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata comprising rating information for each of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal in response to a determination, based on the rating information, that the selected audio signal corresponds to an approved selection. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the metadata further comprises a description of audio content of each of the plurality of audio signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the description of audio content indicates that a first audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a first source and that a second audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a second source. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the audio signals comprise Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) encoded signals. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
determine preference information based on input information or on viewing preferences to assist a user in selecting the audio signal. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the preference information comprises information for prioritizing an order of titles of two or more of the plurality of audio signals based on the preference information for simultaneous presentation of the titles in the order. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
prioritize an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals based on the preference information; and cause presentation of the audio signal list. 9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
modify, based on the preference information, an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals to generate a modified audio signal list; and cause presentation of the modified audio signal list. 10. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive content that comprises a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals, wherein the metadata comprises rating information;
determine, based on the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
output the video signal and the selected audio signal. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
decode the content from a multiplexed signal. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the metadata further comprises at least one of a description of the audio signal, information identifying the audio signal, and control information for use in processing the audio signal. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the description of the audio signal comprises information for prioritizing an order of titles of two or more of the audio signals based on viewer preferences for simultaneous presentation of the titles in the order. 14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the audio signals comprise MPEG encoded signals. 15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
determine preference information based on at least one of input information and viewing preferences, wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the preference information. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
modify, based on the preference information, an audio signal list comprising the plurality of audio signals to generate a modified audio signal list; and cause presentation of the modified audio signal list. 17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to:
cause presentation of the subset of the plurality of audio signals. 18. An apparatus comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata, wherein each of the plurality of audio signals is associated with corresponding metadata;
determine, based on a user preference and the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
cause output of a selectable audio feature comprising the subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the apparatus to determine the user preference based on user input received from a user input device. 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the metadata comprises rating information and wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the rating information. 21. A system, comprising:
a first computing device configured to:
generate content comprising a video signal, a plurality of audio signals, and metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals, wherein the metadata comprises rating information; and
cause output of the content; and
a second computing device configured to:
receive the content that comprises the video signal, the plurality of audio signals, and the metadata associated with the plurality of audio signals;
determine, based on the metadata, a subset of the plurality of audio signals;
receive a selection of an audio signal of the subset of the plurality of audio signals; and
cause output of the video signal and the selected audio signal. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the metadata further comprises a description of audio content of each of the plurality of audio signals. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the description of audio content indicates that a first audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a first source and that a second audio signal of the plurality of audio signals comprises audio commentary from a second source. 24. The system of claim 21, wherein the subset of the plurality of audio signals is further determined based on the rating information. | 2,400 |
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