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The cardinal's gold ring, like the episcopal ring, is also? | To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of J... | traditionally kissed | advqa_14800 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
The thing given to each newly appointed cardinal represents? | To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of J... | their bond with the papacy | advqa_14801 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How does ring facotr in when welcoming a cardinal? | To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of J... | traditionally kissed by Catholics | advqa_14802 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
The pope can be graphically represented by a? | To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of J... | coat of arms | advqa_14803 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the newest thing mentioned in this article? | To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of J... | a modern depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus | advqa_14804 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is a significant part of the Cardinals position? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | influence in the election of the Pope | advqa_14805 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What year were there less Italians in the group, 1994 or 1939? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | 1994 | advqa_14806 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Roman Curia make up most of the? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | diaconal order | advqa_14807 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Under which Pope were there more cardinal deacons that were members of the curia, John XXIII or Paul VI? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | John XXIII | advqa_14808 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
The number of cardinal deacons has? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | increased | advqa_14809 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Paul was a? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | Pope | advqa_14810 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the rold of Cardinals in the diaconal order? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | various posts in the church administration | advqa_14811 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which Pope had more cardinals who were members of the curia, John Paul II or John XXIII? | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | John XXIII | advqa_14812 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Under which Pope was there a higher percentage of cardinal deacons who were members of the curia, Pius XII or Paul VI | Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are mainly officials of the Roman Curia holding various posts in the church administration. Their number and influence has varied through the years. While historically predominantly Italian the group has become much more internationally diverse in later years. While in 1939 abou... | Paul VI | advqa_14813 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
A mitre was used for? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don | advqa_14814 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is a wide sleeved tunic worn at Mass? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | dalmatics | advqa_14815 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What item that can be worn is mentioned here? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | the dalmatics | advqa_14816 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What do the preists of Rome wear? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex) | advqa_14817 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What happens twice in 365 days? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing | advqa_14818 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Their first duty is Mass, but what is the clothing of a cardinal? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | dalmatics | advqa_14819 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is an exceptions mentioned here? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing | advqa_14820 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is celebrated by the Pope? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | Papal Masses | advqa_14821 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What do Catholics call their worship service? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | Mass | advqa_14822 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What do you call the priest of Rome? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | cardinal deacons | advqa_14823 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Cardinals are usually part of? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | serving a liturgical function | advqa_14824 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What do the subjects do? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | they would don with the simple white mitre | advqa_14825 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the one event that is conditional for the deacons in the event described? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | When not celebrating Mass | advqa_14826 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who are the main subjects of the passage? | When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). | cardinal deacons | advqa_14827 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what group is mentioned first? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | cardinals | advqa_14828 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is significant about cardinals? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals | advqa_14829 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what title is mentioned last? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | bishop | advqa_14830 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Pope John XXIII and this other man updated the rules on who could be a cardinal. | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | Pope Benedict XV | advqa_14831 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was done to the Code of Canon Law to make it impossible for there to be lay cardinals? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | revision | advqa_14832 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what group is mentioned third? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | priests | advqa_14833 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was erronousesly believed? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry | advqa_14834 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Teodolfo Mertel was a lay cardinal but he never held which office? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | priest | advqa_14835 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what group is mentioned second? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | deacons | advqa_14836 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How did the change impact the church? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | a cardinal must be consecrated a bishop, unless he obtains a dispensation | advqa_14837 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
According to Pope John XXIII, one cannot ascend to a cardinal position without first holding what office? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | bishop | advqa_14838 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How did the Pope affect this practice? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | a priest who is appointed a cardinal must be consecrated a bishop, unless he obtains a dispensation | advqa_14839 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the difference between the cardinals and deacons? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | had only received first tonsure and minor orders | advqa_14840 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what group is mentioned fourth? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | clerics | advqa_14841 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
In what year did it become impossible for lay cardinals such as Teodolfo Mertel to exist? | At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he wa... | 1917 | advqa_14842 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what is the sixth word in the first paragraph ? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | lowest | advqa_14843 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who might have more status than cardinal deacons? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Bishops with diocesan responsibilities | advqa_14844 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the age requirement for priests to be ranked to the diaconal order? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | 80th | advqa_14845 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the highest status in cardinals? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | elevated to the diaconal order | advqa_14846 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what is been discussed? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Cardinals | advqa_14847 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who might enjoy greater status than cardinal deacons? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Bishops with diocesan responsibilities | advqa_14848 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what was the last word in the passage? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | priests | advqa_14849 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what religious status was mentioned? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Bishops | advqa_14850 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who have a lower rank in cardinals? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Bishops with diocesan responsibilities | advqa_14851 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who is higher ranked than cardinal deacons? | The cardinal deacons are the lowest-ranking cardinals. Cardinals elevated to the diaconal order are either officials of the Roman Curia or priests elevated after their 80th birthday. Bishops with diocesan responsibilities, however, are created cardinal priests. | Bishops with diocesan responsibilities | advqa_14852 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who can vote for pope now? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | the whole body of cardinals | advqa_14853 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who can achieve popehood? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | only a cardinal | advqa_14854 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where were the first cardinals selected? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | Rome | advqa_14855 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What changed after the sixth century? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | By the 8th century the Roman cardinals constituted a privileged class among the Roman clergy | advqa_14856 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What changed after the eigth century? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | In 1059, during the pontificate of Nicholas II, cardinals were given the right to elect the pope under the Papal Bull In nomine Domini | advqa_14857 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Under Papal Bull In nomine Domini, who originally elected the Pope? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | cardinal bishops | advqa_14858 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Before 1059 who could become pope? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | only a cardinal | advqa_14859 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who in Rome got the name besides deacons of the seven regions? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | senior priest in each of the "title" churches (the parish churches) | advqa_14860 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the origin of the title cardinal? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | the word began to mean “principal,” “eminent,” or "superior." | advqa_14861 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What were the previous occupations of first generation cardinals? | There is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that "cardinalis" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained. In Rome the first persons to be ... | bishop or priest | advqa_14862 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which were there more of at the Olympic torch relay, spectators or police? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | spectators | advqa_14863 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was the name of the person who took the Olympic relay torch over the harbour before ending in Golden Bauhinia Square? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Tin Hau | advqa_14864 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
After leaving Hong Kong Centre, did the Olympic torch proceed to Lantau Link second or Nathan Road? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Lantau Link | advqa_14865 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was novel about the Hong Kong torch relay? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | a dragon boat | advqa_14866 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What are the individuals that carry the torch called? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | torchbearer | advqa_14867 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where did the relay take place? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun River via a dragon boat, which had been never used before in the history of Olympic torch relays), Victoria Harbour (crossed by Tin Hau, a VIP vessel managed by the Marine Department) before ending in Golden Bauhinia Square in Wan Chai | advqa_14868 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What debuted at the Hong Kong torch relay? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | a dragon boat | advqa_14869 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who were the torchbearers? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | celebrities, athletes and pro-Beijing camp politicians | advqa_14870 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who did the first torchbearer receive the torch from? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Donald Tsang | advqa_14871 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was the last name of the person who touched the Olympic relay torch previous to Shan? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Tsang | advqa_14872 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How did China guarantee it would be an orderly event? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | 3,000 police were deployed | advqa_14873 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was a new feature of the Hong Kong torch relay? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | a dragon boat | advqa_14874 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What did we see at the Hong Kong torch relay for the first time? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | a dragon boat | advqa_14875 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which politicians were not chosen? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | pro-democracy | advqa_14876 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was unable to attend the event? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | One torchbearer | advqa_14877 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was invited to partake in the event? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | A total of 120 torchbearers | advqa_14878 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which camp were the torchbearer politicians from? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | pro-Beijing camp | advqa_14879 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was different about this torch relay? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | crossed Shing Mun River via a dragon boat, which had been never used before in the history of Olympic torch relays | advqa_14880 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What island is Wan Chai on? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Hong Kong | advqa_14881 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
When had a dragon boat been used before? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | never | advqa_14882 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was the torch on when navigating the Shing Mun River? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | dragon boat | advqa_14883 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Why did Henry Tang order officers to the event? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | ensure order | advqa_14884 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Did the Olympic torch encounter the Shing Mun River first or Victoria Harbour? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | Shing Mun River | advqa_14885 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How were supporters maintained? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | 3,000 police were deployed | advqa_14886 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was new about the Hong Kong torch relay? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | a dragon boat | advqa_14887 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What name is given to people selected to carry the Olympic torch? | Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun R... | torchbearer | advqa_14888 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What ethnic group did the family attacked at the protest belong to? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Japanese | advqa_14889 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who showed a flag at the demonstration? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | 5-year-old child | advqa_14890 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How were signs taken from Malaysian people? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | forcefully | advqa_14891 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where do the first events take place? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital | advqa_14892 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What spiritual exercise were the protesters concerned with? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Falun Gong | advqa_14893 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the nationality of the police? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Malaysian | advqa_14894 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is Independence square? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Square | advqa_14895 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who did the family support? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Tibet | advqa_14896 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was central to the Japanese family protesting? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Malaysian citizenship | advqa_14897 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What citizenship did the group who attacked the family hold? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | Chinese | advqa_14898 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What non lethal method of attack was used on the family at the protest? | Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a ... | plastic air-filled batons | advqa_14899 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
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