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http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/ratio-analysis/operating-profit-margin-percentage.html | Operating Profit Margin Ratio | Accounting-Simplified.com | Operating Profit Margin Ratio
Operating Profit Margin Ratio
Definition
Formula
Where:
Example
Net Profit (Income Less Expenses)
Explanation
Analysis & Interpretation
a) Increase in OP Margin Ratio & Decrease in GP Margin Ratio
b) Increase in OP Margin Ratio & Increase in GP Margin Ratio
c) Decrease in OP Margin Ratio &... | Operating Profit Margin Ratio | Accounting-Simplified.com
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Financial
Ratio Analysis
Operating Profit Margin Ratio
Operating Profit Margin Ratio
3 minutes of reading
Definition
Operating Profit Margin Ratio is the percentage of operating profit (i.e. profit before interest and tax) relative to the revenue earned dur... | msmarco_doc_00_82245791 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/cash-flow-statement.html | Statement Of Cash Flows | Example | Elements | Purpose | Importance | Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Cash Flows
Definition
Example
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 31 December 2020
Basis of Preparation
Operating Activities
Investing Activities
Financing activities
Purpose & Importance
Template
Income Statement
| Statement Of Cash Flows | Example | Elements | Purpose | Importance
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Financial
Statements
Statement of Cash Flows
Statement of Cash Flows
5 minutes of reading
Definition
Statement of Cash Flows, also known as Cash Flow Statement, presents the movement in cash flows over the period as classified under operating, inv... | msmarco_doc_00_82250757 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/income-statement-profit-and-loss.html | Income Statement | Example | Format | Components | Purpose | Income Statement | Profit & Loss Account
Income Statement | Profit & Loss Account
Definition
Example
Income Statement for the Year Ended 31st December 2020
Basis of preparation
Components
Revenue
Cost of Sales
Other Income
Distribution Cost
Administrative Expenses
Other Expenses
Finance Charges
Income tax
Prior Period ... | Income Statement | Example | Format | Components | Purpose
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Financial
Statements
Income Statement | Profit & Loss Account
Income Statement | Profit & Loss Account
5 minutes of reading
Definition
Income Statement, also known as Profit & Loss Account, is a report of income, expenses and the resulting profit or loss e... | msmarco_doc_00_82258436 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/links-and-relationships.html | Relationship & Links Between Different Financial Statements | Relationship between Financial Statements
Relationship between Financial Statements
Explanation
Balance Sheet
Income Statement
Statement of Changes in Equity
Cash Flow Statement
| Relationship & Links Between Different Financial Statements
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Financial
Statements
Relationship between Financial Statements
Relationship between Financial Statements
3 minutes of reading
Explanation
Financial Statements reflect the effects of business transactions and events on the entity. The different types of fi... | msmarco_doc_00_82265467 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/statement-of-changes-in-equity.html | Statement Of Changes In Equity | Format | Example | Purpose | Components | Statement of Changes in Equity
Statement of Changes in Equity
Definition
Example
Components
Opening Balance
Effect of Changes in Accounting Policies
Effect of Correction of Prior Period Error
Restated Balance
Changes in Share Capital
Dividends
Income / Loss for the period
Changes in Revaluation Reserve
Other Gains & Lo... | Statement Of Changes In Equity | Format | Example | Purpose | Components
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Financial
Statements
Statement of Changes in Equity
Statement of Changes in Equity
4 minutes of reading
Definition
Statement of Changes in Equity, often referred to as Statement of Retained Earnings in U.S. GAAP, details the change in owners’... | msmarco_doc_00_82269706 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/statement-of-financial-position.html | Statement Of Financial Position | Components | Format | Example | Template | Purpose | Statement of Financial Position [Balance Sheet]
Statement of Financial Position [Balance Sheet]
Definition
Example
Statement of Financial Position as at 31st December 2020
Classification of Components
Assets
Liabilities
Equity
Rationale - Why the balance sheet always balances?
Purpose & Importance
| Statement Of Financial Position | Components | Format | Example | Template | Purpose
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Financial
Statements
Statement of Financial Position [Balance Sheet]
Statement of Financial Position [Balance Sheet]
5 minutes of reading
Definition
Statement of Financial Position, also known as the Balance Sheet, presents the fi... | msmarco_doc_00_82276188 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/statements/types.html | What Are Financial Statements | 4 Types Of Financial Statements | Explanation | Examples | What are Financial Statements?
What are Financial Statements?
Definition
Four Types of Financial Statements
1. Statement of Financial Position
2. Income Statement
3. Cash Flow Statement
4. Statement of Changes in Equity
Link between Financial Statements
Financial Statements Template
| What Are Financial Statements | 4 Types Of Financial Statements | Explanation | Examples
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Financial
Statements
What are Financial Statements?
What are Financial Statements?
3 minutes of reading
Definition
Financial Statements represent a formal record of the financial activities of an entity. These are written repo... | msmarco_doc_00_82283915 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/types-of-accounting.html | Types Of Accounting | Financial, Management, Public, Tax, Forensic, Project, Social | Types of Accounting
Types of Accounting
Financial Accounting
Management Accounting
Governmental Accounting
Tax Accounting
Forensic Accounting
Project Accounting
Social Accounting
| Types Of Accounting | Financial, Management, Public, Tax, Forensic, Project, Social
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Financial
Introduction
Types of Accounting
Types of Accounting
4 minutes of reading
Accounting is a vast and dynamic profession and is constantly adapting itself to the specific and varying needs of its users. Over the past few dec... | msmarco_doc_00_82287896 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/users-of-accounting-information.html | 11 Users Of Accounting Information | Accounting Simplified | 11 Users of Accounting Information
11 Users of Accounting Information
Internal Users of Accounting
Owners
Managers
Employees
External Users of Accounting
Investors
Lenders
Suppliers
Customers
Tax Authorities
Government
Auditors
Public
| 11 Users Of Accounting Information | Accounting Simplified
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Financial
Introduction
11 Users of Accounting Information
11 Users of Accounting Information
5 minutes of reading
Accounting helps users in making better financial decisions.
You might be wondering:
“Who are the users of accounting?”
and
“What accounting i... | msmarco_doc_00_82293272 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/financial/what-is-accounting.html | What Is Accounting? | Simplified | What is Accounting?
What is Accounting?
Definition
Explanation
Explanation
1. Book-keeping
2. Analysis
Importance of Accounting
Record
Legal
Performance
Planning and Control
Decisions
Summary
| What Is Accounting? | Simplified
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Financial
Introduction
What is Accounting?
What is Accounting?
4 minutes of reading
Definition
Accounting is the process of recording and summarizing financial information in a useful way.
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http://accounting-simplified.com/liabilities.html | Liabilities | Types | Classifications | Explanation | Examples | Liabilities
Liabilities
Definition
Explanation
Classification
Types and examples
| Liabilities | Types | Classifications | Explanation | Examples
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Financial
Elements
Liabilities
Liabilities
2 minutes of reading
Definition
According to IASB Frmework liability is defined as follows:
A liability is a present obligation of the enterprise arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected t... | msmarco_doc_00_82306273 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/introduction/functions.html | Functions Of Management Accounting | Accounting Simplified | Functions of Management Accounting
Functions of Management Accounting
Planning
Decision Making
Monitoring & Control
Accountability
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Management
Introduction
Functions of Management Accounting
Functions of Management Accounting
2 minutes of reading
Functions and objectives of management accounting include the following:
Planning
Planning is an important function of management accounting ... | msmarco_doc_00_82308510 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/investment-appraisal/internal-rate-of-return-irr.html | Internal Rate Of Return (IRR) | Accounting Simplified | Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Definition
Formula
Internal Rate of Return:
Where:
Explanation
Calculation
Step 1: Select 2 discount rates for the calculation of NPVs
Step 2: Calculate NPVs of the investment using the 2 discount rates
Step 3: Calculate the IRR
Step 4: Interpretation
Example
... | Internal Rate Of Return (IRR) | Accounting Simplified
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Management
Investment appraisal
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
4 minutes of reading
Definition
Internal Rate of Return, often simply referred to as the IRR, is the discount rate that causes the net present value of future cash flows... | msmarco_doc_00_82311938 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/investment-appraisal/time-value-of-money.html | Time Value Of Money | Accounting Simplified | Time Value of Money
Time Value of Money
Definition
Concept
Example
Solution
Discount Rates
Future Values
Present Values
$9,642 x 1.12 ≈ $10,800
Note
Calculation
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Management
Investment appraisal
Time Value of Money
Time Value of Money
6 minutes of reading
Definition
Time Value of Money is a concept that recognizes the relevant worth of future cash flows arising as a result of financial decisions by considering the opportunity cost... | msmarco_doc_00_82318672 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/limiting-factor-analysis/single.html | Limiting Factor Analysis | Accounting Simplified | Limiting Factor Analysis in Management Accounting
Limiting Factor Analysis in Management Accounting
What are Limiting Factors?
Single Limiting Factor Analysis
Six Step Approach
Step 1: Determine the maximum sales
Step 2: Determine the limiting factor
Step 3: Calculate contribution per unit of output of each product
Ste... | Limiting Factor Analysis | Accounting Simplified
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Management
Limiting factor analysis
Limiting Factor Analysis in Management Accounting
Limiting Factor Analysis in Management Accounting
6 minutes of reading
What are Limiting Factors?
In management accounting, limiting factors refer to the constraints in availabilit... | msmarco_doc_00_82326047 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/relevant-costing/ | Relevant Cost Of Decisions | Accounting Simplified | Relevant Cost of Decisions
Relevant Cost of Decisions
Definition
Concept
Example
Application & Limitations
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Management
Relevant costing
Relevant Cost of Decisions
Relevant Cost of Decisions
6 minutes of reading
Definition
Relevant cost, in managerial accounting, refers to the incremental and avoidable cost of implementing a business decision.
Concept
Relevant costing at... | msmarco_doc_00_82335546 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/ | Variance Analysis | Accounting Simplified | Variance Analysis
Variance Analysis
Definition
Explanation
Types of Variances
Basis of Calculation
Functions and Importance
Planning, Standards and Benchmarks
Control Mechanism
Responsibility Accounting
Limitations of Variance Analysis
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Variance Analysis
Variance Analysis
4 minutes of reading
Definition
Variance Analysis, in managerial accounting, refers to the investigation of deviations in financial performance from the standards defined in organizational budgets.
Explanatio... | msmarco_doc_00_82343709 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/fixed-overhead/spending-expenditure.html | Fixed Overhead Spending Variance | Accounting Simplified | Fixed Overhead Spending Variance
Fixed Overhead Spending Variance
Definition
Formula
Example
Explanation
Analysis
| Fixed Overhead Spending Variance | Accounting Simplified
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Management
Variance analysis
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Fixed Overhead Spending Variance
Fixed Overhead Spending Variance
2 minutes of reading
Definition
Fixed Overhead Expenditure Variance, also known as fixed overhead spending variance, is the difference between budge... | msmarco_doc_00_82350514 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/labor/rate.html | Direct Labor Rate Variance | Accounting Simplified | Direct Labor Rate Variance
Direct Labor Rate Variance
Definition
Formula
Direct Labor Rate Variance:
Example
Analysis
| Direct Labor Rate Variance | Accounting Simplified
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Management
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labor
Direct Labor Rate Variance
Direct Labor Rate Variance
2 minutes of reading
Definition
Direct Labor Rate Variance is the measure of difference between the actual cost of direct labor and the standard cost of direct labor utilized ... | msmarco_doc_00_82353613 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/management/variance-analysis/material/price.html | Direct Material Price Variance | Accounting Simplified | Direct Material Price Variance
Direct Material Price Variance
Definition
Formula
Example
Step 2: Find the Standard Cost of Actual Quantity
Analysis
Quiz
How much do you know about material price variance?
| Direct Material Price Variance | Accounting Simplified
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Direct Material Price Variance
Direct Material Price Variance
3 minutes of reading
Definition
Direct Material Price Variance is the difference between the actual cost of direct material and the standard cost of quantity pu... | msmarco_doc_00_82356596 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/prepaid-expense.html | Prepaid Expense | Accounting Entries & Examples | Prepaid Expense
Prepaid Expense
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Prepaid Expense
Prepaid Expense
3 minutes of reading
Prepaid expense is expense paid in advance but which has not yet been incurred.
Expense must be recorded in the accounting period in which it is incurred. Therefore, prepaid expense mus... | msmarco_doc_00_82361355 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/preparing-trial-balance.html | How To Prepare A Trial Balance | Accounting Simplified | How to prepare a Trial Balance
How to prepare a Trial Balance
Closing Ledger Accounts
About the author
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Trial Balance
How to prepare a Trial Balance
How to prepare a Trial Balance
2 minutes of reading
Following Steps are involved in the preparation of a Trial Balance:
All Ledger Accounts are closed at the end of an accounting period.
Ledger balances ar... | msmarco_doc_00_82364736 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/provision-for-doubtful-debts.html | Provision For Doubtful Debts | Accounting & Example | Provision / Allowance for doubtful debts
Provision / Allowance for doubtful debts
Specific Allowance
General Allowance
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Receivable
Provision / Allowance for doubtful debts
Provision / Allowance for doubtful debts
3 minutes of reading
Recoverability of some receivables may be doubtful although not definitely irrecoverable. Such receivables are known as doubtful debts. Pru... | msmarco_doc_00_82367610 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/purpose-of-financial-statements.html | 11 Objectives Of Accounting | Simplified | Purpose of Financial Statements
Purpose of Financial Statements
Managers
Shareholders
Prospective Investors
Financial Institutions
Suppliers
Customers
Employees
Competitors
General Public
Governments
| 11 Objectives Of Accounting | Simplified
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Purpose of Financial Statements
Purpose of Financial Statements
2 minutes of reading
The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an enterprise that is use... | msmarco_doc_00_82370916 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/questions/how-to-write-off-account-payables.html | Derecognition & Write Off Of Accounts Payables | Accounting | Entries | Derecognition & Write Off of Accounts Payables
Derecognition & Write Off of Accounts Payables
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Answer
1. Discharge of liability
2. Cancellation of liability
3. Expiry of term
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How much do you know about write off of account payables?
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| Derecognition & Write Off Of Accounts Payables | Accounting | Entries
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Derecognition & Write Off of Accounts Payables
Derecognition & Write Off of Accounts Payables
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Question
Should long outstanding trade creditors and other account payables be written off or derecognized in a... | msmarco_doc_00_82374207 |
http://accounting-simplified.com/trial-balance.html | Trial Balance | Explanation & Example | What is a Trial Balance?
What is a Trial Balance?
Purpose of a Trial Balance
Example
Limitations of a trial balance
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Trial Balance
What is a Trial Balance?
What is a Trial Balance?
3 minutes of reading
Trial Balance is a list of closing balances of ledger accounts on a certain date and is the first step towards the preparation of financial statements. It is usually prepared at the ... | msmarco_doc_00_82380650 |
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ezAccounting Software FAQs:
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http://accounting.pettir.com/resources/tax-guide/fica-wages-limits-pension-plan-limitations-for-2015 | FICA Wages Limits & Pension Plan Limitations For 2015 - Pettir - Accounting | FICA Wages Limits & Pension Plan Limitations For 2015
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2015 Social Security and Medicare Taxable Wage Limits and Rates
IRS Announces Pension Plan Limitations for 2015
A Summary of the 2015 Pension Limitations is Provided Below:
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FICA Wages Limits & Pension Plan Limitations For 2015
2015 Social Security and Medicare Taxable Wage Limits a... | msmarco_doc_00_82415797 |
http://accounting.pettir.com/resources/tax-guide/how-to-prepare-file-form-1096-to-the-irs | How to Prepare & File Form 1096 to the IRS - Pettir - Accounting | How to Prepare & File Form 1096 to the IRS
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Submit Form 1096 To IRS
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How to Prepare & File Form 1096 to the IRS
What is Form 1096? Form 1096, or Annual Summary and Transmittal of information Returns, ... | msmarco_doc_00_82419987 |
http://accounting.pettir.com/resources/tax-guide/tips-for-preparing-form-1099-misc | IRS Form 1099-Misc: Preparation Tips, Accounting, Bookkeeping - Pettir - Accounting |
IRS Form 1099-Misc: Preparation Tips
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Cash or accrual?
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IRS Form 1099-Misc: Preparation Tips
What is 1099 form for? Form 1099 is IRS form that is use... | msmarco_doc_00_82423292 |
http://accounting.ucr.edu/payroll/benefits_cal.html | Benefits and Assessments | Accounting Office |
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Consistent with the UCPath goals of standardizing processes and increasing efficiency, UCR has established fringe benefit rates that are... | msmarco_doc_00_82426915 |
http://accounting.ucr.edu/payroll/leave.html | Leave Accrual | Accounting Office |
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| Leave Accrual | Accounting Office
updated 2/12/2013
LEAVE ACCRUAL RECORDS
Vacation and sick leaves are accrued based on the leave accrual codes established on the Payroll Personnel System (PPS). Leave code is established by the department when an appointment is initially set up. For staff employees thereafter, the PPS ... | msmarco_doc_00_82433971 |
http://accounting.unl.edu/policies/definition-auxiliary-unit-sap-flag-aux | Definition of an Auxiliary Unit (SAP Flag AUX) | Accounting Office | Nebraska | Definition of an Auxiliary Unit (SAP Flag AUX)
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Definition of an Auxiliary Unit (SAP Flag AUX)
An auxiliary unit is a self-supporting entity that exists principally to furnish goods or services to students,... | msmarco_doc_00_82441436 |
http://accounting.utep.edu/sglandon/c13/c13a.pdf | Accounting - UTEP Business
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http://accounting.vcu.edu/ | Student Financial Services - Virginia Commonwealth University | Setting the course for financial success
Setting the course for financial success
Welcome to Student Financial Services.
Important dates and deadlines
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| Student Financial Services - Virginia Commonwealth University
Setting the course for financial success
Welcome to Student Financial Services.
Our team is dedicated to supporting you through the many financial stages of your VCU experience. From understanding and applying for financial aid to planning a budget while you... | msmarco_doc_00_82502453 |
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http://accountingandtaxupdates.blogspot.ca/2007/03/eligible-vs-non-eligible-dividends.html | ELLIOTT & COMPANY Accounting and tax updates: Eligible vs. Non-eligible dividends | ELLIOTT & COMPANY Accounting and tax updates
ELLIOTT & COMPANY Accounting and tax updates
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Eligible vs. Non-eligible dividends
| ELLIOTT & COMPANY Accounting and tax updates: Eligible vs. Non-eligible dividends
ELLIOTT & COMPANY Accounting and tax updates
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Eligible vs. Non-eligible dividends
Eligible dividends are taxed at a reduced federal rate, by way of an enhanced gross-up (45%) and tax credit (27.5%) for these divid... | msmarco_doc_00_82505005 |
http://accountingbasics.lifestylecpa.com/realization-vs-recognition/ | Realization vs Recognition – Accounting Basics | Realization vs Recognition
Realization vs Recognition
Accounting events
Accounting Transactions
Event Recognition
Event Realization
Can you think of other examples?
Revenue recognition
| Realization vs Recognition – Accounting Basics
Realization vs Recognition
By lifestylecpa@gmail.com September 3, 2014 Lesson 2
Accounting events
Before we can talk of realization or recognition, we need to understand what an accounting event is.
An event is a transaction that alters an entity’s financial statement.
An ... | msmarco_doc_00_82507623 |
http://accountingbasics.lifestylecpa.com/types-of-transaction/ | Types of transaction – Accounting Basics | Types of transaction
Types of transaction | Types of transaction – Accounting Basics
Types of transaction
Home / Types of transaction
By lifestylecpa@gmail.com August 19, 2014 Lesson 1
Accounting is the official language of business. One of accountings major function is to keep track of business assets and its sources. As a result of it most transactions are tra... | msmarco_doc_00_82511892 |
http://accountingclarified.com/capital-work-in-progress-cwip/ | What is Capital Work in Progress CWIP | Accounting Clarified | Capital Work in Progress (CWIP)
Capital Work in Progress (CWIP)
4 thoughts on “Capital Work in Progress (CWIP)”
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING BASICS
| What is Capital Work in Progress CWIP | Accounting Clarified
Capital Work in Progress (CWIP)
Capital work in progress represents costs incurred to date on a fixed asset which is still under construction at the balance sheet date.
This concept is more relevant immovable assets like “Building” where an organization is in... | msmarco_doc_00_82513923 |
http://accountingclarified.com/impairment/ | Definition Impairment | What Causes Impairment of Assets? | What is Impairment?
What is Impairment?
Provision for Impairment:
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING BASICS
MISCELLANEOUS CONCEPTS
| Definition Impairment | What Causes Impairment of Assets?
What is Impairment?
Impairment is the amount by which the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable value. Recoverable value is higher of its fair value (disposal value) less cost of disposal and its value in use expected from its continued use.
Provis... | msmarco_doc_00_82516109 |
http://accountingclarified.com/stock-in-trade/ | Stock in Trade | What Is Purchase of Stock in Trade in Balance Sheet | Stock in Trade
Stock in Trade
Types of Inventory
Cost of Inventory
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING BASICS
MISCELLANEOUS CONCEPTS
| Stock in Trade | What Is Purchase of Stock in Trade in Balance Sheet
Stock in Trade
Inventories are assets that are held in ordinary course of business for sale or use in the production of items for sale.
Types of Inventory
Raw material (items which are used in the production process e.g. limestone for cement productio... | msmarco_doc_00_82518241 |
http://accountingcorner.org/balance-sheet-accounts/ | Balance Sheet Accounts | Accounting Corner | Balance Sheet Accounts
Balance Sheet Accounts
Assets
Current Assets
Long-term Assets
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Long-term liabilities
Shareholders’ Equity
| Balance Sheet Accounts | Accounting Corner
Balance Sheet Accounts
Before exploring balance sheets accounts and balance sheet items, note that Balance Sheet, also is called Statement of Financial Position, measures financial position of the business. It is dated at the particular moment of time, i.e. end of accounting p... | msmarco_doc_00_82522495 |
http://accountingdictionary.org/ | Default Web Site Page | Default Web Site Page
The IP address has changed.
The IP address for this domain may have changed recently. Check your DNS settings to verify that the domain is set up correctly. It may take 8-24 hours for DNS changes to propagate. It may be possible to restore access to this site by following these instructions for c... | msmarco_doc_00_82527344 | |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cash-and-equiv/bank-overdraft | Bank Overdraft | Definition, Presentation, Example | Bank Overdraft
Bank Overdraft
Bank overdraft and the statement of cash flows
Example
Solution
Bank overdraft vs book overdraft
| Bank Overdraft | Definition, Presentation, Example
Home Accounting Current Assets Bank Overdraft
Bank Overdraft
A bank overdraft is a line of credit in which a bank honors checks presented to it even if no balance is available in the customer's bank account.
When the bank has a right to offset the overdraft balance wit... | msmarco_doc_00_82528234 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cash-and-equiv/petty-cash | Petty Cash Fund | Definition | Journal Entries | Example | Petty Cash
Petty Cash
Example
| Petty Cash Fund | Definition | Journal Entries | Example
Home Accounting Current Assets Petty Cash
Petty Cash
Petty cash fund is a relatively small amount of cash that businesses keep on hand for the purpose of small transactions such as providing change to customers, postage expenses, highway tolls etc. In such transa... | msmarco_doc_00_82531623 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/ | Accounting Cycle | Definition, Steps & Example | Accounting Cycle
Accounting Cycle
Major Steps in Accounting Cycle
Flow Chart
| Accounting Cycle | Definition, Steps & Example
Home Accounting Cycle
Accounting Cycle
Accounting cycle is a step-by-step process of recording, classification and summarization of economic transactions of a business. It generates useful financial information in the form of financial statements including income statement... | msmarco_doc_00_82534181 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/adjusted-trial-balance | Adjusted Trial Balance | Format & Example | Adjusted Trial Balance
Adjusted Trial Balance
Example
| Adjusted Trial Balance | Format & Example
Home Accounting Cycle Adjusted Trial Balance
Adjusted Trial Balance
An adjusted trial balance is a trial balance which is prepared after the preparation of adjusting entries. Adjusted trial balance contains balances of revenues and expenses along with those of assets, liabiliti... | msmarco_doc_00_82535740 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/adjusting-entries | Adjusting Entries | Definition, Types & Examples | Adjusting Entries
Adjusting Entries
Types
Example
| Adjusting Entries | Definition, Types & Examples
Home Accounting Cycle Adjusting Entries
Adjusting Entries
Adjusting entries are journal entries recorded at the end of an accounting period to adjust income and expense accounts so that they comply with the accrual concept of accounting. Their main purpose is to match in... | msmarco_doc_00_82537964 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/closing-entries | Closing Entries | Definition & Examples | Closing Entries
Closing Entries
Example
Notes
| Closing Entries | Definition & Examples
Home Accounting Cycle Closing Entries
Closing Entries
Closing entries are journal entries made at the end of an accounting period which transfer the balances of temporary accounts to permanent accounts. Closing entries are based on the account balances in an adjusted trial balanc... | msmarco_doc_00_82541274 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/journal-entries | Journal Entries | Format & Examples | Journal Entries
Journal Entries
Example
| Journal Entries | Format & Examples
Home Accounting Cycle Journal Entries
Journal Entries
Analyzing transactions and recording them as journal entries is the first step in the accounting cycle. It begins at the start of an accounting period and continues throughout the period. Transaction analysis is a process that det... | msmarco_doc_00_82544410 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/reversing-entries | Reversing Entries Explained via Examples | Accounting Cycle | Reversing Entries
Reversing Entries
Example
Without Using Reversing Entries:
Using Reversing Entries:
| Reversing Entries Explained via Examples | Accounting Cycle
Home Accounting Cycle Reversing Entries
Reversing Entries
Reversing entries are passed at the beginning of an accounting period as an optional step of accounting cycle to cancel the effect of previous period adjusting entries involving future payments or recei... | msmarco_doc_00_82548162 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/cycle/unadjusted-trial-balance | Unadjusted Trial Balance | Format & Example | Unadjusted Trial Balance
Unadjusted Trial Balance
Example
| Unadjusted Trial Balance | Format & Example
Home Accounting Cycle Unadjusted Trial Balance
Unadjusted Trial Balance
An unadjusted trial balance is a trial balance which is created before any adjusting entries are made in the ledger accounts.
A trial balance is a list of the balances of ledger accounts of a business at ... | msmarco_doc_00_82551484 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/employee-benefits/ | Employee Benefits | Employee Benefits
Employee Benefits | Employee Benefits
Home Accounting Employee Benefits
Employee Benefits
Employee benefits represent the compensation paid to employees in return of the services they provide to the company.
A few categories of employee benefits include: short-term employee benefits, post-employment benefit plan, termination benefits, etc... | msmarco_doc_00_82554401 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/employee-benefits/pension-expense | Pension Cost | Components, Recognition & Measurement | Pension Cost
Pension Cost
Components of defined benefit cost
Service costs
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of gains or losses
Amortization of past service cost
Pension cost of a defined contribution plan
Example
Pension cost vs pension expense
| Pension Cost | Components, Recognition & Measurement
Home Accounting Employee Benefits Pension Cost
Pension Cost
Pension cost represents the amounts recognized in a company's financial statements on account of the cost of its post-employment benefit plans. In a defined contribution plan, pension cost equals the contrib... | msmarco_doc_00_82556341 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/employee-benefits/projected-benefit-obligation | Projected Benefit Obligation | Definition & Example | Projected Benefit Obligation
Projected Benefit Obligation
Reconciliation
Example
Relationship with the accumulated benefit obligation
| Projected Benefit Obligation | Definition & Example
Home Accounting Employee Benefits Projected Benefit Obligation
Projected Benefit Obligation
The projected benefit obligation (PBO) is the present value of the expected future payments to employees from a pension plan for the services they have rendered to date. PBO re... | msmarco_doc_00_82561602 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/equity/ | Shareholders' Equity | Definition & Components | Shareholders' Equity
Shareholders' Equity
Components of Shareholders' Equity
Common Stock
Preferred stock
Additional paid-up capital
Contributed capital
Retained earnings
Foreign currency translation reserve
Available for sale securities reserve
Cash flow hedge reserve
Revaluation surplus
Treasury shares
Non-controllin... | Shareholders' Equity | Definition & Components
Home Accounting Shareholders' Equity
Shareholders' Equity
Shareholders' equity represents the interest of a company's shareholders in the net assets of the company. It equals the excess of a company's total assets over its total liabilities.
A company's total assets are ei... | msmarco_doc_00_82565222 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/equity/treasury-stock-cost-method | Cost Method of Accounting for Treasury Stock | Treasury Stock – Cost Method
Treasury Stock – Cost Method
Example
Solution
| Cost Method of Accounting for Treasury Stock
Home Accounting Shareholders' Equity Treasury Stock – Cost Method
Treasury Stock – Cost Method
Cost method is one of the two methods of accounting for treasury stock, the stock which has been bought back by the issuing company itself. The other method is called the par value... | msmarco_doc_00_82571606 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/equity/treasury-stock-par-value-method | Par Value Method of Accounting for Treasury Stock | Treasury Stock – Par Value Method
Treasury Stock – Par Value Method
Example
| Par Value Method of Accounting for Treasury Stock
Home Accounting Shareholders' Equity Treasury Stock – Par Value Method
Treasury Stock – Par Value Method
Par value method of accounting for treasury stock is one of the two techniques of accounting to record the purchase and resale of treasury stock. Treasury stock refe... | msmarco_doc_00_82573818 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/introduction/account | T-Account | Definition | Format | T-Account
T-Account
T-Account Format
| T-Account | Definition | Format
Home Accounting Introduction T-Account
T-Account
A t-account is one of the simplest ways to present ledger accounts. T-accounts resemble the English letter "T", hence the name. Debits are entered into the left hand side of a t-account whereas credits into the right hand side. Changes in ... | msmarco_doc_00_82576847 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/introduction/equity | Equity (Accounting) | Definition, Examples, Accounts | Equity Definition
Equity Definition
Types of Equity Accounts
Equity Accounts List
| Equity (Accounting) | Definition, Examples, Accounts
Home Accounting Introduction Equity
Equity Definition
Equity accounts represent the owners' interest in the assets of a business. The owners' interest is the part of assets that is left after all liabilities are paid. Therefore equity is sometimes called Net Assets.
... | msmarco_doc_00_82578204 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/introduction/expense | Expense Definition | Accounts List | Financial Accounting | Expense Accounts
Expense Accounts
Expense Accounts List
| Expense Definition | Accounts List | Financial Accounting
Home Accounting Introduction Expense Accounts
Expense Accounts
In financial accounting, expense is:
The consumption of the business' own resources (assets). Examples: consumption of supplies, cash, materials inventory and deterioration of equipment etc.
OR
The c... | msmarco_doc_00_82581236 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/introduction/revenue | Revenue Definition | Types | Accounts List | Financial Accounting | Revenue Accounts
Revenue Accounts
Types of Revenues
Revenue Accounts List
| Revenue Definition | Types | Accounts List | Financial Accounting
Home Accounting Introduction Revenue Accounts
Revenue Accounts
Revenue is the total amount received by a business or recognized as earned when the business sells something, usually services and goods. In modern accountancy, revenue is recorded when it is... | msmarco_doc_00_82582367 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/ | Inventories | Definition | Types | Cost | Inventories
Inventories
Types of Inventory
Raw Material
Work-In-Process
Finished Goods
Cost of Inventory
| Inventories | Definition | Types | Cost
Home Accounting Inventories
Inventories
Inventories consist of raw material, work-in-process and finished goods which are held by a business in ordinary course of business, either for sale or for the purpose of using them in the process of producing goods and services.
Types of I... | msmarco_doc_00_82584650 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/avco-method | Average Cost (AVCO) Method | Definition & Example | Average Cost Inventory Method
Average Cost Inventory Method
Example
AVCO Periodic
AVCO Perpetual
| Average Cost (AVCO) Method | Definition & Example
Home Accounting Inventories AVCO Inventory Method
Average Cost Inventory Method
Average cost method (AVCO) calculates the cost of ending inventory and cost of goods sold for a period on the basis of weighted average cost per unit of inventory. Weighted average cost per ... | msmarco_doc_00_82586908 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/cash-discount-on-inventory-purchase | Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase | Gross/Net Method | Example | Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase
Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase
Gross Method
Net Method
Example
Gross Method Journal Entries
Net Method Journal Entries
| Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase | Gross/Net Method | Example
Home Accounting Inventories Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase
Cash Discount on Inventory Purchase
When inventory is purchased from a seller offering cash discount for early payment, the buyer has an opportunity to make payment within a specified number ... | msmarco_doc_00_82589800 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/fifo-method | First-In First-Out Inventory Method | Definition, Example | First-In, First-Out Inventory Method
First-In, First-Out Inventory Method
Example
Solution
FIFO Periodic
FIFO Perpetual
| First-In First-Out Inventory Method | Definition, Example
Home Accounting Inventories FIFO Inventory Method
First-In, First-Out Inventory Method
First-In, First-Out (FIFO) is one of the methods commonly used to estimate the value of inventory on hand at the end of an accounting period and the cost of goods sold during ... | msmarco_doc_00_82593054 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/lcm-rule | Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) Rule | Example | Inventory Valuation | Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) Rule
Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) Rule
Example
| Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) Rule | Example | Inventory Valuation
Home Accounting Inventories Lower of Cost or Market
Lower of Cost or Market (LCM) Rule
Assets are generally stated in the financial statements according to the cost principle. However, in case of inventory, cost principle is abandoned and lower of cost ... | msmarco_doc_00_82596065 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/lifo-method | Last-In First-Out Inventory Method | Definition, Example | Last-In, First-Out Inventory Method
Last-In, First-Out Inventory Method
Example
LIFO Periodic
LIFO Perpetual
| Last-In First-Out Inventory Method | Definition, Example
Home Accounting Inventories LIFO Inventory Method
Last-In, First-Out Inventory Method
Last-In, First-Out is one of the common techniques used in the valuation of inventory on hand at the end of a period and the cost of goods sold during the period. LIFO assumes t... | msmarco_doc_00_82598496 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/perpetual-journal-entries | Perpetual Inventory System | Journal Entries | Perpetual Inventory System Journal Entries
Perpetual Inventory System Journal Entries | Perpetual Inventory System | Journal Entries
Home Accounting Inventories Perpetual Inventory System
Perpetual Inventory System Journal Entries
Under perpetual inventory system, inventory and cost of goods sold are updated for each sale/purchase and return transaction. We have already discussed the basic concept of perp... | msmarco_doc_00_82601093 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/perpetual-vs-periodic-system | Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory System | Differences | Comparison | Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory System
Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory System
Differences Between Perpetual and Periodic System
| Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory System | Differences | Comparison
Home Accounting Inventories Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory
Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory System
Perpetual inventory system and periodic inventory systems are the two systems of keeping records of inventory.
In perpetual inventory system, merchandise i... | msmarco_doc_00_82603522 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/inventories/valuation-methods | Inventory Valuation Methods | Introduction | Inventory Valuation Methods Introduction
Inventory Valuation Methods Introduction
First-in-First-Out Method (FIFO)
Last-in-First-Out Method (LIFO)
Average Cost Method (AVCO)
| Inventory Valuation Methods | Introduction
Home Accounting Inventories Inventory Valuation Methods
Inventory Valuation Methods Introduction
Inventory valuation methods are used to calculate the cost of goods sold and cost of ending inventory. Following are the most widely used inventory valuation methods:
First-In, Fir... | msmarco_doc_00_82606188 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/investments/available-for-sale-investments | Available for Sale Investments (AFS) | Example | Available for Sale Investments (AFS)
Available for Sale Investments (AFS)
Balance sheet valuation and changes in fair value
Periodic income from AFS investments
Example
| Available for Sale Investments (AFS) | Example
Home Accounting Investments Available for Sale Investments
Available for Sale Investments (AFS)
Available for sale investments are investments that do not qualify for classification as held for trading (fair value through profit and loss) or held-to-maturity investments.
B... | msmarco_doc_00_82608549 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/leases/ | Accounting for leases by lessees and lessors | Accounting for Leases
Accounting for Leases
Accounting by lessees
Example
Accounting by lessors
Journal entries in case of a finance lease
Journal entries in case of an operating lease
| Accounting for leases by lessees and lessors
Home Accounting Leases
Accounting for Leases
Accounting standards require lessees to recognize a right of use asset and associated lease liability for almost all leases. Lessors, on the other hand, are required to classify leases into operating leases and finance leases and ... | msmarco_doc_00_82611669 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/leases/sales-type-lease | Sales-type Lease | Definition, Journal Entries & Example | Sales-type Lease
Sales-type Lease
Example
| Sales-type Lease | Definition, Journal Entries & Example
Home Accounting Leases Sales-type Lease
Sales-type Lease
From the perspective of a lessor, a sales-type lease is a finance lease in which the fair market value (or if lower, the PV of lease payments) of the underlying asset is not equal to its cost thereby result... | msmarco_doc_00_82617936 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/lt-liabilities/ | Long-term Liabilities | Definition | Examples | Long-term Liabilities
Long-term Liabilities
Definition
Bonds payable
Loans payable
Deferred tax liability
Pension payable
Leases payable
Ratios involving long-term liabilities
Example:
| Long-term Liabilities | Definition | Examples
Home Accounting Liability Accounts Long-term Liabilities
Long-term Liabilities
Long-term liabilities (also called non-current liabilities) are financial obligations of a company that are due after a year or more. Long-term liabilities are presented on a balance sheet of a c... | msmarco_doc_00_82620370 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/lt-liabilities/amortization-of-bond-discount-effective-interest-method | Effective Interest Method of Discount/Premium Amortization | Effective Interest Method of Discount/Premium Amortization
Effective Interest Method of Discount/Premium Amortization
Example
| Effective Interest Method of Discount/Premium Amortization
Home Accounting Liability Accounts Effective Interest Method
Effective Interest Method of Discount/Premium Amortization
Under the effective interest method, amortization of discount/premium and/or transaction cost on a financial asset/liability equals the diffe... | msmarco_doc_00_82626297 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/lt-liabilities/amortization-of-bond-discount-straight-line-method | Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization | Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization
Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization
Straight-line amortization of bond discount
Straight-line amortization of bond premium
Example
| Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization
Home Accounting Liability Accounts Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization
Straight Line Method of Bond Discount/Premium Amortization
In the straight-line method of amortization of bond discount or premium, bond discount or premium is charged... | msmarco_doc_00_82630919 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/lt-liabilities/bond-price | Bond Price | Definition, Formula and Example | Bond Price
Bond Price
Examples
Example 1: Bond with Annual Coupon Payments
Example 2: Bond with Semiannual Coupon Payments
| Bond Price | Definition, Formula and Example
Home Accounting Liability Accounts Bond Price
Bond Price
A bond is a debt instrument that pays periodic interest payments based at a stated interest rate called coupon rate and returns the principal at a pre-determined maturity date.
Cash flows of a conventional bond (a bond... | msmarco_doc_00_82635131 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/ | Non-Current Assets | Definition | Types | Examples | Non-Current Assets
Non-Current Assets
Types
Intangible Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment
Long-term Investments
Example
| Non-Current Assets | Definition | Types | Examples
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets
Non-Current Assets
Non-current assets are assets other than the current assets. While current assets are assets which are expected to be converted to cash within the next 12 months or within normal operating cycle of a business. In ot... | msmarco_doc_00_82639113 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/asset-retirement-obligation | Asset Retirement Obligation | Journal Entries | Examples | Asset Retirement Obligation
Asset Retirement Obligation
Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations
Calculating Decommissioning Cost
Example
Solution
| Asset Retirement Obligation | Journal Entries | Examples
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Asset Retirement Obligation
Asset Retirement Obligation
Installation of a fixed asset often requires significant modification to the landscape in which the asset is erected. Such modifications affect the communities in which the... | msmarco_doc_00_82644480 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/capitalization-of-interest | Capitalization of Interest | Journal Entries | Examples | Capitalization of Interest
Capitalization of Interest
Borrowing costs
Qualifying assets
Calculation of capitalized interest
Capitalization period
Weighted-average accumulated expenditures
Specific borrowings and weighted-average interest rate
Calculation of avoidable interest
Journal entries
Example
| Capitalization of Interest | Journal Entries | Examples
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Capitalization of Interest
Capitalization of Interest
Companies finance construction of their capital-intensive assets either by raising new equity capital or arranging loans from banks or issue of bonds to bondholders. The inter... | msmarco_doc_00_82651030 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/depletion-expense | Depletion Expense | Formula | Example | Journal Entry | Depletion Expense
Depletion Expense
Formula
Example
| Depletion Expense | Formula | Example | Journal Entry
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Depletion Expense
Depletion Expense
Depletion is an accounting concept which is similar to depreciation but it is mostly used in timber, mining and mineral oil extraction industries to refer to the gradual exhaustion of natural res... | msmarco_doc_00_82658546 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/disposal-of-fixed-assets | Disposal of Fixed Assets | Journal Entries & Examples | Disposal of Fixed Assets
Disposal of Fixed Assets
Disposal of an Asset with Zero Book Value and Salvage Value
Example
Gain on Disposal of a Fixed Asset
Example
Loss on Disposal of a Fixed Asset
Example 3
Disposal of a Fixed Asset with Zero Gain or Loss
Example 4
| Disposal of Fixed Assets | Journal Entries & Examples
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Disposal of Fixed Assets
Disposal of Fixed Assets
Disposal of fixed assets is accounted for by removing cost of the asset and any related accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses from balance sheet, recording rece... | msmarco_doc_00_82662129 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/impairment-of-assets | Impairment of Fixed Assets | Definition | Examples | Journal Entries | Impairment of Fixed Assets
Impairment of Fixed Assets
Determination of impairment loss
Fair value less costs to sell
Value in use
Recognition of impairment loss
Example
Reversal of impairment loss
Example
| Impairment of Fixed Assets | Definition | Examples | Journal Entries
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Impairment of Fixed Assets
Impairment of Fixed Assets
Impairment of a fixed asset refers to an abrupt decrease in the economic benefits that an asset can generate due to damage, obsolescence etc. Impairment is recogn... | msmarco_doc_00_82668480 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/intangible-assets | Intangible Assets | Definition | Examples | Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Example:
Copyrights
Patents
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Example:
| Intangible Assets | Definition | Examples
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets
Identifiable long-term assets of a company having no physical existence are called intangible assets. They include goodwill, patents, copyrights, etc.
Intangible assets are either acquired in a business comb... | msmarco_doc_00_82673850 |
http://accountingexplained.com/financial/non-current-assets/macrs | MACRS Depreciation | Explanation | Formulas | Example | MACRS
MACRS
Formulas
Steps in Calculation
Example
| MACRS Depreciation | Explanation | Formulas | Example
Home Accounting Non-Current Assets MACRS
MACRS
MACRS stands for modified accelerated cost recovery system. It is the current system allowed in the United States to calculate tax deductions on account of depreciation for depreciable assets (other than intangible asse... | msmarco_doc_00_82677569 |