url stringlengths 14 987 | title stringlengths 0 45k | headings stringlengths 1 532k | body stringlengths 1 1.4M | docid stringlengths 16 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
http://2020.rtss.org/ | RTSS 2020 – December 1 – 4, 2020 | RTSS 2020
RTSS 2020
News
Sponsors
| RTSS 2020 – December 1 – 4, 2020
RTSS 2020
The IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS) is the premier conference in the field of real-time systems, and is a venue for researchers and practitioners to showcase innovations covering all aspects of real-time systems, including theory, design, analysis, implementation, evaluation, and experience. RTSS ’20, celebrating the 41st anniversary of the event, continues the trend of making RTSS an expansive and inclusive event, striving to embrace new and emerging areas of real-time systems research.
News
December 19, 2020
Best Presentation Award goes to: Gregory Stock, “Cache Persistence Analysis: Finally Exact”.
December 4, 2020
RTSS 2020 has successfully concluded, with a record-high 612 author- and full-conference-registrations. Hope you have enjoyed it, and look forward to seeing you next year in person.
December 4, 2020
Best Paper Award goes to: On Removing Algorithmic Priority Inversion from Mission-critical Machine Inference Pipelines. Shengzhong Liu, Shuochao Yao, Xinzhe Fu, Rohan Tabish, Simon Yu, Ayoosh Bansal, Heechul Yun, Lui Sha and Tarek Abdelzaher.
December 4, 2020
Best Student Paper Award goes to: E-WarP: a System-wide Framework for Memory Bandwidth Profiling and Management. Parul Sohal, Rohan Tabish, Ulrich Drepper and Renato Mancuso.
November 29, 2020
3-min tutorial of RTSS 2020 Platform is available.
November 29, 2020
7-min tutorial of RTSS 2020 Lounge is available.
November 10, 2020
List of accepted demos can be found at Accepted Demos .
November 1, 2020
Preliminary program is published and is available at Program .
October 27, 2020
Registration is open and the details are available at Registration .
October 22, 2020
List of accepted artifact evaluations can be found at Accepted Artifact Evaluations .
October 17, 2020
List of accepted papers can be found at Accepted Papers .
September 10, 2020
Deadline for camera ready submission of the conference paper has been extended to 22 nd October 2020.
August 19, 2020
COVID-19 Update: IEEE Computer Society and the IEEE RTSS 2020 Organizing Committee have been monitoring the developing COVID-19 situation. The safety and well-being of all conference participants is our top priority. After studying and evaluating the announcements, guidance, and news released by relevant national departments, we are announcing that the IEEE RTSS 2020, scheduled to be held in-person in Houston, TX will now be converted into an all-digital conference experience. The dates of the conference will remain the same. We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused. More details regarding the conference and online registration will be available soon.
July 9, 2020
Brief Presentation subpage is live.
June 12, 2020
Update on the requirement for author attendance due to COVID-19.
June 6, 2020
Double-blind submission requirements have been updated for papers with preprints and prior workshop papers.
June 6, 2020
Submissions are now open. Please check the Submission page .
April 21, 2020
New Submission Deadlines: The IEEE RTSS 2020 Organizing Committees recognizes that the COVID-19 pandemic has inflicted much hardship on everyone around the world. In response to this, we are extending the paper submission deadline as well as other deadlines, as shown on the conference website. We hope that everyone stays safe and healthy, following the directions of your local authorities.
January 15, 2020
RTSS 2020 website is live!
Sponsors
RTSS is sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems. | msmarco_doc_00_16042713 |
http://2020commission.com/ | The 2020 Commission Report on the North Korean Nuclear Attacks Against the United States | America lost 1.4 million citizens in the North Korean attacks of March 2020. This is the final, authorized report of the government commission charged with investigating the calamity.
America lost 1.4 million citizens in the North Korean attacks of March 2020. This is the final, authorized report of the government commission charged with investigating the calamity.
Order:
About the Author
| The 2020 Commission Report on the North Korean Nuclear Attacks Against the United States
America lost 1.4 million citizens in the North Korean attacks of March 2020. This is the final, authorized report of the government commission charged with investigating the calamity.
Order:
Amazon
Apple iBook
Barnes & Noble
Books-a-Million
Hudson
IndieBound
Powell’s
Target
“The skies over the Korean Peninsula on March 21, 2020, were clear and blue.” So begins this sobering report on the findings of the National Commission on the Nuclear Attacks against the United States, established by law by Congress and President Donald J. Trump to investigate the horrific events of the next three days. An independent, bipartisan panel led by nuclear expert Jeffrey Lewis, the commission was charged with finding and reporting the relevant facts, investigating how the nuclear war began, and determining whether our government was adequately prepared for combating a nuclear adversary and safeguarding U.S. citizens.
Did President Trump and his advisers understand North Korean views about nuclear weapons? Did they appreciate the dangers of provoking the country’s ruler with social media posts and military exercises? Did the tragic milestones of that fateful month—North Korea's accidental shoot-down of Air Busan flight 411, the retaliatory strike by South Korea, and the tweet that triggered vastly more carnage—inevitably lead to war? Or did America’s leaders have the opportunity to avert the greatest calamity in the history of our nation?
Answering these questions will not bring back the millions lost in March 2020. It will not rebuild New York, Washington, or the other cities reduced to rubble. But at the very least, it might prevent a tragedy of this magnitude from occurring again. It is this hope, more than any other, that inspired The 2020 Commission Report.
More than two million Americans, South Koreans and Japanese died on March 24, 2020. Now, after a three-year investigation, this final report of the National Commission on the North Korean Nuclear Attacks on the United States—the “2020 Commission”—draws on hundreds of interviews with participants and survivors to explain the origins of the calamity, so that history may be prevented from repeating itself.
About the Author
Jeffrey Lewis, PhD is a columnist for Foreign Policy, a scholar at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, and a research affiliate at the Stanford University Center for Security and International Cooperation. He previously worked for the Department of Defense, former director of the Nuclear Strategy and Nonproliferation Initiative at the New America Foundation, and former executive director of the Managing the Atom Project at the Belfer Center at the Harvard Kennedy School He is currently the publisher of ArmsControlWonk.com the leading blog on disarmament, arms control, and nonproliferation. In addition to hosting the Arms Control Wonk Podcast, he was profiled on This American Life, and has written for The New York Times, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, The Washington Post, and elsewhere.
Follow Jeffrey on Twitter
Contact Michelle Bonanno Triant, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt for publicity requests
Contact Gillian MacKenzie, MacKenzie Wolf for all other book related queries | msmarco_doc_00_16046522 |
http://2020ok.com/books/2/plain-words-from-america-a-letter-to-a-german-professor-32502.htm | Free Books > History > Americas > United States > 20th Century > General > Plain Words From America - A Letter to a German Professor (1917)
Free Books > History > Americas > United States > 20th Century > General > Plain Words From America - A Letter to a German Professor (1917)
Your browser does not support JavaScript and this site utilizes JavaScript to build content and provide links to additional information. You should either enable JavaScript in your browser settings or use a browser that supports JavaScript in order to take full advantage of this site.
2020ok Directory of FREE Online Books and FREE eBooks
Free eBooks> History> Americas> United States> 20th Century> General> Plain Words From America - A Letter to a German Professor (1917)
0Like
0Dislike
Plain Words From America - A Letter to a German Professor (1917)
by Douglas W. Johnson
Download Book(Respecting the intellectual property of others is utmost important to us, we make every effort to make sure we only link to legitimate sites, such as those sites owned by authors and publishers. If you have any questions about these links, please contact us.)link 1
About BookBook Description
Professor Douglas Wilson Johnson (1878-1944) wrote Plain Words from America: A Letter to a German Professor (1917). The letter written by Professor Johnson, of Columbia University, is in reply to a letter, pleading the cause of Germany, which he received from a German correspondent. It appeared in the "Revue de Paris" in September, 1916.
Comments
SEND A COMMENT
PLEASE READ:All comments must be approved before appearing in the thread; time and space constraints prevent all comments from appearing. We will only approve comments that are directly related to the article, use appropriate language and are not attacking the comments of others.
Message(please, no HTML tags. Web addresses will be hyperlinked):
Your name, city and state(John Doe, Hollywood, CA):
Your e-mail address(jdoe@somesite.com):
Your website(it's okay if you don't have one):
Related Free eBooks
The Two Americas: An Account Of Sport And Travel, With Notes On Men And Manners In North And South America
Reply To Two Letters Addressed By Mr. Vankoughnet To The Superior Of The Seminary Of St. Sulpice Dated Respectively, September 12th 1884, And January 13th, 1885 : Also To An Extract From A Letter Of Mr. T. Walton, Indian Superintendent At Parry Sound, Dated September 2nd 1884
Ojibwa Indians : A Letter To The Rev. Mesac Thomas ... Respecting The Indians Of British America
Pastoral Letter From The Bishops Of The Protestant Episcopal Church To The Clergy And Laity Of The Church In The Confederate States Of America
Female Suffrage: A Letter to the Christian Women of America
Frost's Laws and By-Laws of American Society - A condensed but thorough treatise on etiquette and its usages - in America, containing plain and reliable directions for - deportment in every situation in life
Letters of a Traveller - Notes of Things Seen in Europe and America
Postscript to the second edition of Archdeacon Hare's letter to the Dean of Chichester : on Lord John Russel's letter to the the clergy of Bedford, and in reply to Mr. Trower's plain remarks
America : A sketch of the political, social, and religious character of the United States of North America, in two lectures, delivered at Berlin, with a report read before the German church diet at Frankfort-on-the-Maine, Sept., 1854
Remarks On The Indians Of North America: In A Letter To An Edinburgh Reviewer
A Plain Letter To The Lord Chancellor On The Infant Custody Bill
Letters And Notes On The Manners, Customs, And Condition Of The North American Indians: Written During Eight Year's Travel Amongst The Wildest Tribes Of Indians In North America, In 1832, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, And 39
Excursions In North America, Described In Letters From A Gentleman And His Young Companion, To Their Friends In England
A Journey In North America, Described In Familiar Letters To Amelia Opie
Mount Vernon: A Letter To The Children Of America
Plain Facts: Being An Examination Into The Rights Of The Indian Nations Of America To Their Respective Countries
Letters From America, Containing Observations On The Climate And Agriculture Of The Western States, The Manners Of The People, The Prospects Of Emigrants, &c. &c.
Letters From America
The Backwoods Of Canada: Being Letters From The Wife Of An Emigrant Officer, Illustrative Of The Domestic Economy Of British America
The History Of Antiquity From The German Of Professor Max Duncker (Vol Iii)
Related Tags
AmericaAmericanAmericas LetterBritishChurchClergyContainingCooperDescribedEmigrantFenimoreGermanHistoryIndianJameJohnJosephLetterLordMannerNorthPlainProfessorRegionalRemarksReplySocialStates RegionalSusanThoroughTraillTravelTravellerTreatiseTribeUsageVernonWakefieldWaltonWelfareWelfare CriminologyWesternWhartonWifeWilliamWilliam CullenWomenWrittenYearYoung
Free Books | Our Blog | Your Comments | Conditions of Use | Contact Us | © 2020ok.com | msmarco_doc_00_16050489 | ||
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2013/04/top-10-qualities-of-a-project-manager/ | 10 Qualities of a Project Manager | Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager | 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
The basic definition of a project is, ‘a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.’ The project environment is very different from that of typical day to day operations or a regular team that performs similar activities on a day to day basis. The fact that a project is temporary has a huge impact on the staff employed within the project in respect of their motivation, their commitment to the work in hand and their loyalty to the project. Projects rarely fail but people do!
The role of the Project Manager is crucial for a successful project, but what qualities does he/she need to ensure effectiveness?
VISION
An effective project leader is often described as having a vision of where to go and the ability to articulate it. Visionaries thrive on change and being able to draw new boundaries. It was once said that a leader is someone who ‘lifts us up, gives us a reason for being and gives the vision and spirit to change’. Visionary leaders enable people to feel that they have a real stake in the project. They empower people to experience their vision on their own. They offer people opportunities to create their own vision, to explore what the vision will mean to their jobs and lives, and to envision their future as part of the vision for the organisation.
COMMUNICATION
In all elements of work life the most common complaint about an organisation is ‘lack of communication.’ Project leadership calls for clear communication about goals, responsibility, performance, expectations and feedback. The projects leader is also the team’s link to the larger organisation. The leader must have the ability to effectively negotiate and use persuasion when necessary to ensure the success of the team and project. The PMI (Project Management Institute) suggest a project manager should spend 90 per cent of their time communicating.
INTEGRITY
Call it honesty, integrity or loyalty. The project manager needs to have them all. His/her actions set an example for the rest of the team members. He/she is ultimately responsible for setting ethical standards for the rest of the team. The project manager should practice what they preach and in turn earn trust.
ENTHUSIASM/PASSION
We tend to follow people with a can-do attitude, not those who are always negative and give us all the reasons for why something can’t be done. Enthusiastic leaders are committed to their goals and express this commitment through optimism. Enthusiasm is contagious and effective leaders know this. A project manager without passion, is one, that is simply put, lacking definition.
EMPATHY/COMPASSION
Empathy/compassion must not be mistaken for sympathy. Although the words are similar, they are mutually exclusive. Empathy means to understand. A good project manager needs to understand that there is life outside the workplace and that people are not machines without emotions. By doing so he/she will develop a personal relationship with the team members that will serve as a tool for better results.
COMPETENCE
The team must believe that the project manager knows what he/she is doing. Leadership competence does not however necessarily refer to the project leader’s technical abilities in the core technology of the business. As project management continues to be recognised as a field in and of itself, project leaders will be chosen based on their ability to successfully lead others rather than on technical expertise, as in the past. The ability to challenge, inspire, enable, model and encourage must be demonstrated if leaders are to be seen as capable and competent. It is also essential to recognise when you’re not an expert in a certain field. Project management qualifications are greatly recognised in this day and age and expand a project managers’ knowledge further.
DELEGATION
The project manager should be able to delegate with ease. He/she should be able to recognise the skills and expertise of his team members and assign or delegate the tasks according ly to those. Trust is an essential element in the relationship of a project leader and his or her team. You demonstrate your trust in others through your actions – how much you check and control their work, how much you delegate and how much you allow people to participate. Individuals who are unable to trust other people often fail as leaders.
COMPOSURE
There are times when things do not go as expected. In such cases, the project manager needs to maintain their cool and be composed no matter what level of pressure they are under. A leader with a hardy attitude will take these problems in their stride. When leaders encounter a stressful event, they consider it interesting, they feel they can influence the outcome and they see it as an opportunity.
TEAM BUILDING
The project manager needs to be a good team builder. A team builder can best be defined as a strong person who provides the substance that holds the team together in common purpose toward the right objective. The team starts as a group of strangers and needs to be made into a core group of people. Keeping the sense of team spirit alive despite the many problems in the project’s execution, is another crucial quality a project manager should have.
PROBLEM SOLVING
An efficient project manager should be capable of solving any or all problems, either with the team or the project itself. The team members should trust the project manager to solve their problems but also involve the team in problem solving also.
A great project manager not only has to have all of these qualities but also know when to employ them and to what extent. | msmarco_doc_00_16055809 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2013/04/what-is-the-project-life-cycle/ | What is the Project Life Cycle? | What is the Project Life Cycle?
What is the Project Life Cycle? | What is the Project Life Cycle?
What is the Project Life Cycle?
Every project has certain phases of development. A clear understanding of these phases allows managers and executives to maintain control of the project more efficiently.
By definition, a project has a beginning and an end and passes through several phases of development known as life cycle phases. These phases are varied depending upon the industry involved but all follow the same basic steps.
It is important to realize that the project life cycle for each project may differ, in both the number of phases it may have and the detail within each of these phases.
The five main phases of the project life cycle are as follows:
START-UP This phase is where the project objectives are defined and the conceptual aspects of the project agreed. This may be the phase where a problem is identified and potential solutions suggested.
DEFINITION Once the project objectives have been clearly defined then the appraisal of the solutions is conducted in terms of risks, financial commitment and benefits. The scope of work is now defined in detail. ( 6 Important considerations when defining your Project)
PLANNING This phase is where the project is broken down into manageable areas of work and planned in terms of time, cost and resources. This is a continuous process and will extend throughout the execution phase of the project. ( 6 Helpful hints when Planning your Project)
EXECUTION During this phase the work is implemented, controlled and monitored.
CLOSE-OUT The final phase of the project life cycle is close-out and demobilisation, where resources are reassigned, the project is handed over and the post-project review is carried out. ( Project Close-out and handover – a general overview)
It is important to ensure the project life cycle used on your project is appropriate to the work being carried out and split into distinct and manageable phases.
The project life cycle also allows for the gate procedure to be used. This is a tried and tested method for delivering projects on time, within budget and to the expected quality targets. At each stage, approval is generally required from outside the project team before proceeding to the next stage. | msmarco_doc_00_16061848 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2013/08/the-project-management-plan-pmp/ | How to Build The Project Management Plan | The Project Management Plan (PMP)
The Project Management Plan (PMP) | How to Build The Project Management Plan
The Project Management Plan (PMP)
All the professional bodies offer guidelines on the level and type of information that should be defined in the early stages of the project in the form of a Project Management Plan.
The purpose of such a document is to provide a comprehensive baseline of what has to be achieved by the project, how it is to be achieved, who will be involved, how it will be reported and measured and how information will be communicated. It should be used as a reference for any decision that is made on the project and for clarification of unclear areas.Such a document should be used as a reference throughout the project to ensure that the management of the project is carried out consistently and in line with policy and procedures. Although the PMP is developed as part of the project initiation and definition, it should be a living document that evolves as the project progresses and is updated with the latest relevant information as required.
The PMP should be available to all project members as it can provide essential project information and can be used to introduce project members to the project. The project management plan is probably the main communication document for the project.
SUGGESTED CONTENTS OF THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN:
Executive summary – This section should include a few paragraphs describing, at a high level, the key elements of the project that are detailed throughout the project plan.
Strategic/organisational alignment – It must be determined which organisational objectives will be supported by undertaking the project. This section should also include the results of the project’s stakeholder analysis.
Project scope definition – The purpose and objectives of the project should be stated in this section. There should be definition as to the scope of the project as well as the major deliverables. The product breakdown structure (PBS) and the work breakdown structure (WBS) will be determined here. Quality specifications will also be included in this section, describing the product or service performance criteria from a customer perspective. Project assumptions should also be included, clarifying grey areas in the project scope.
Feasibility assessment and contingency plans – this section should evaluate the economic, technical, operational and organisational feasibility of the project; identify and assess project risks; and provide contingency plans to address high impact risk factors.
Constraints – a list of any known constraints imposed by the environment or by management e.g. fixed budget, limited resources etc.
Human resource requirements – Define the project team organisation, roles and responsibility requirements. Training requirements will need to be identified here and the development of a project training plan should begin.
Material/equipment requirements – this section should define space, hardware/software, and other resources needed to complete the project successfully.
Project schedule and milestones – The contents of this section will define the milestones and activity schedule of the project, integrating three key elements: deliverables, due date or duration and critical dependencies.
Budget/cost estimate – Estimates are required for the project duration. See here for our 12 Basic Rules for Estimating your Project. Costs are typically divided into three types: capital items, expense items and labour.
Risk Management – This section will detail the process to be employed on the project in order to manage risk. More information may be found on risk management here.
Project issues – issues are the things that have happened which are outside the authority of the project manager and need to be escalated in order to achieve a resolution. This section should define the process to be used to manage issues identified on the project.
Change management – The change management process to be utilised on the project should be described in this section.
Communication management – In this part of the PMP there should be a description of the system of communications and the project performance documentation that will be provided to the various stakeholders.
Related products and deliverables – This section should document known project dependencies, with other groups within or outside of the organisation to ensure the project is not exposed by other business processes.
Approvals – This section will capture approval signatures from project stakeholders.
Attachments – Included in this section will be pointers to pertinent documents such as the business case, notes and related documents. | msmarco_doc_00_16064344 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2013/10/the-cost-breakdown-structure-cbs/ | Page Not Found
Page Not Found
Contact Us
Latest News
| Page Not Found
Sorry, the page you are requesting cannot be found.
Please use the main navigation or the site search to locate the information.
If you still cannot find the correct information please contact us .
Contact Us
Contact our business support teams to find out how we can help optimise your project and people performance.
Make an enquiry
Latest News
PPQ 1st Edition - An interview with Christopher Rasiah
Read News Story | msmarco_doc_00_16069357 | |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2014/06/communication-the-key-to-successful-project-management/ | Why Project Management Communication is Important | Communication The Key to Successful Project Management
Communication The Key to Successful Project Management | Why Project Management Communication is Important
Communication The Key to Successful Project Management
In all elements of work life the most common complaint about an organisation is ‘lack of communication’.
A successful project manager must be a great communicator! Project management communication is a skill that is never perfected, can always be improved and is pivotal in being able to initiate and mobilise a project effectively.
The PMI (Project Management Institute) suggest a project manager should spend 90 per cent of their time communicating!
Source: ©2013 Project Management Institute, Inc. Pulse of the Profession In-Depth Report: The High Cost of Low Performance: The Essential Role of Communications, May 2013. PMI.org/Pulse
A project team is generally quite a diverse group of people. Project teams are usually thrust together to deliver a bespoke and unique benefit to an organisation, something new and different to the day to day activities undertaken. This diversity provides a further communication challenge for the project manager.
Project leadership calls for clear communication about goals, responsibility, performance, expectations and feedback.
Successful project management communication is about being there for everyone, being in touch with the real challenges of the project, understanding the real issues within the team who must deliver the project as well as understanding the issues of the sponsors who the team delivers the project for. Being present, visible and engaged with everyone is important – during the good times and the challenging times.
Communication is not only about speaking to and hearing from people, it’s about understanding the complete message.
What language to use, how to convey the message with respect to tone, feeling and body language all play an important role in the communication process. If these are used incorrectly, the result is often a confused message and misunderstanding of the real issues.
So a successful project manager can only maximise the effectiveness of communication within the team by being prepared to lead by example. A big part of leadership is to be present, and be prepared to communicate with all stakeholders at their respective levels. And to consciously Listen! Listen! and Listen some more!
Projects often ‘fail’ because we simply fail to clearly articulate the vision and the project’s success criteria. This vision must be successfully communicated to each stakeholder and team member. The whole team should be able to visualise the end result, in order to work towards a common goal.
Regular reporting of the project’s progress and status is crucial to the success of the project. Communicating this to all stakeholders in a clear and precise manner is paramount, so that all understand what the key messages are. Diagrams, charts, graphs and tables should be maximised here. The well known saying “a picture is worth a thousand words” is no less true than when communicating project progress or status.
Effective and efficient project management communication is delivered by first considering the needs of the audience you are intending to communicate with, put yourself in their shoes and anticipate what they need to understand, and then provide that understanding only. Strong presentation skills are essential for communicating project progress and status. The audience needs to be engaged during these presentations to check that the key messages have been received and understood.
Communication methods
Given the organisational and geographical diversity of project teams – it is important to consider all methods of communication. Today’s enhanced technology allows us to communicate easily where ever the team members may be. A communication strategy should be conceived at the project planning stages, so key is its influence on the success of the project.
Communication methods can either be active or passive.
ACTIVE communication methods being those used to communicate in the here and now, for example the use of:
Face to Face meetings
Video conference, meeting – one on one, or group
Telephone conference, or voice only web conference
Webinars, becoming increasingly popular for the delivery of presentation based activities
Telephone – good old fashioned call
Stand up presentations in person
PASSIVE communication methods would be those which recipients can adopt in their own time, for example:
Pod cast
Web cast
Email
Intranet bulletin boards
Blogs
Website
Project newsletter – paper based
Table top presentation
Always ensure that a mix of active and passive methods of communication are used to compliment each other. This should be considered as part of the overall project management communication strategy.
Listening
Active listening is arguably the biggest factor affecting effective communication. Our body language can demonstrate clearly whether we are actively listening. Eye to eye contact is imperative to active listening. It shows you are genuinely interested and engaged when someone is talking to you.
Effective communication results in all involved in the project understanding what is being communicated. This comes from spending time with the project team, being fully engaged and prepared to listen and understand the feelings which may be the key driver of the communication process. Project managers really need to have many qualities (good communication skills being one of them) to drive the project to become successful. | msmarco_doc_00_16070018 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2015/05/the-business-case/ | Project Management - The Business Case | The Business Case
The Business Case | Project Management - The Business Case
The Business Case
What is the business case?
The business case captures the reasoning for initiating a project or task. It is the information needed for authorisation of the project.
What is the purpose of the business case?
The purpose of the business case is to document the justification for the undertaking of a project usually based on the estimated cost of development and implementation against the risks and the anticipated business benefits and savings to be gained. The total business change must be considered, which may be much wider than just the project development costs. The concept of the business case may exist under other names, e.g. project brief, project charter, high level project plan. Irrespective of the name the purpose is to present justification for project start up and initiation.
Why use business case analysis?
Business case development is a step that companies often use for project selection. It analyses how fulfilling the business case for the project will implement the corporate strategy and sustain the competitive advantage of the company.
The business case can further be developed with the addition of more details. You can convert the business case to action steps and major milestones in order to develop a plan that will guide your venture through the entire project life cycle, including that of the project outcome.
The business case is a key input to the project management plan and is usually owned and created by the project sponsor. Following project close or completion a post-project evaluation (PPE) will usually be held- usually some months after project completion – to measure the project’s benefits against those set out in the business case.
Business Case Composition
Most organisations will have a standard approach to a composing a business case. However, key elements usually include:
reasons
options (a brief description of the different options considered and option recommended)
benefits expected (expressed in measurable terms against today’s situation
risks (summary of the key risks of the project)
cost (extracted from the project plan)
timescales (summary of the project plan)
investment appraisal
Ownership of the business case
The business case is the key document for a project manager – it is both the justification for their activities and a benchmark by which the project benefits will be measured. The business case is also the key document of the project portfolio management process and, as such, is the document used by the organisations project investment committee. However, the primary owner of the business case is the project sponsor. The sponsor is responsible for ensuring the continued viability of the project and that the benefits defined in the business case are realised after project completion. | msmarco_doc_00_16075947 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/2016/02/the-importance-of-training-and-development-in-the-workplace/ | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
Training isn’t just important to any company, it is vital.
Although there are many categories of training such as management training and or sales training, employees with Project Management skills are an important asset to any organisation.
But what does training and development, mean to your organisation?
Training presents a prime opportunity to expand the knowledge base of all employees, but many employers in the current climate find development opportunities expensive. Employees attending training sessions also miss out on work time which may delay the completion of projects. However despite these potential drawbacks, training and development provides both the individual and organisations as a whole with benefits that make the cost and time a worthwhile investment. The return on investment from training and development of employees is really a no brainer.
So what are the benefits?
Improved employee performance – the employee who receives the necessary training is more able to perform in their job. The training will give the employee a greater understanding of their responsibilities within their role, and in turn build their confidence. This confidence will enhance their overall performance and this can only benefit the company. Employees who are competent and on top of changing industry standards help your company hold a position as a leader and strong competitor within the industry.
Improved employee satisfaction and morale – the investment in training that a company makes shows employees that they are valued. The training creates a supportive workplace. Employees may gain access to training they wouldn’t have otherwise known about or sought out themselves. Employees who feel appreciated and challenged through training opportunities may feel more satisfaction toward their jobs.
Addressing weaknesses – Most employees will have some weaknesses in their workplace skills. A training program allows you to strengthen those skills that each employee needs to improve. A development program brings all employees to a higher level so they all have similar skills and knowledge. This helps reduce any weak links within the company who rely heavily on others to complete basic work tasks. Providing the necessary training creates an overall knowledgeable staff with employees who can take over for one another as needed, work on teams or work independently without constant help and supervision from others.
Consistency – A robust training and development program ensures that employees have a consistent experience and background knowledge. The consistency is particularly relevant for the company’s basic policies and procedures. All employees need to be aware of the expectations and procedures within the company. Increased efficiencies in processes results in financial gain for the company.
Increased productivity and adherence to quality standards – Productivity usually increases when a company implements training courses. Increased efficiency in processes will ensure project success which in turn will improve the company turnover and potential market share.
Increased innovation in new strategies and products – Ongoing training and upskilling of the workforce can encourage creativity. New ideas can be formed as a direct result of training and development.
Reduced employee turnover – staff are more likely to feel valued if they are invested in and therefore, less likely to change employers. Training and development is seen as an additional company benefit. Recruitment costs therefore go down due to staff retention.
Enhances company reputation and profile – Having a strong and successful training strategy helps to develop your employer brand and make your company a prime consideration for graduates and mid-career changes. Training also makes a company more attractive to potential new recruits who seek to improve their skills and the opportunities associated with those new skills.
Training can be of any kind relevant to the work or responsibilities of the individual, and can be delivered by any appropriate method.
For example, it could include:
On-the-job learning
Mentoring schemes
In-house training
Individual study
Blended learning is becoming more and more popular and as a company we have seen a definite increase in this method of training over the last year. Blended Learning is the effective combination of online learning and classroom learning. Many of 20|20’s clients prefer their staff to learn on-site rather than attend off-site training programmes – especially in industries like oil and gas where it is often very impractical to attend off-site courses. On-site learning programmes like the blended learning approach, allow 20|20 to train more people working across a larger international footprint than just the UK. This makes it much more cost-effective and allows for greater process consistency.
The importance of training your employees – both new and experienced – really cannot be overemphasized. | msmarco_doc_00_16079039 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/courses/apm/apmp/ | APM Project Management Qualification (PMQ) |
Page Not Found
Contact Us
Latest News
| APM Project Management Qualification (PMQ)
Page Not Found
Sorry, the page you are requesting cannot be found.
Please use the main navigation or the site search to locate the information.
If you still cannot find the correct information please contact us .
Contact Us
Contact our business support teams to find out how we can help optimise your project and people performance.
Make an enquiry
Latest News
Benefits of Bespoke Training
Read News Story | msmarco_doc_00_16084601 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/resources/communication-management/communication-the-key-to-successful-project-management | Why Project Management Communication is Important | Communication The Key to Successful Project Management
Communication The Key to Successful Project Management | Why Project Management Communication is Important
Communication The Key to Successful Project Management
In all elements of work life the most common complaint about an organisation is ‘lack of communication’.
A successful project manager must be a great communicator! Project management communication is a skill that is never perfected, can always be improved and is pivotal in being able to initiate and mobilise a project effectively.
The PMI (Project Management Institute) suggest a project manager should spend 90 per cent of their time communicating!
Source: ©2013 Project Management Institute, Inc. Pulse of the Profession In-Depth Report: The High Cost of Low Performance: The Essential Role of Communications, May 2013. PMI.org/Pulse
A project team is generally quite a diverse group of people. Project teams are usually thrust together to deliver a bespoke and unique benefit to an organisation, something new and different to the day to day activities undertaken. This diversity provides a further communication challenge for the project manager.
Project leadership calls for clear communication about goals, responsibility, performance, expectations and feedback.
Successful project management communication is about being there for everyone, being in touch with the real challenges of the project, understanding the real issues within the team who must deliver the project as well as understanding the issues of the sponsors who the team delivers the project for. Being present, visible and engaged with everyone is important – during the good times and the challenging times.
Communication is not only about speaking to and hearing from people, it’s about understanding the complete message.
What language to use, how to convey the message with respect to tone, feeling and body language all play an important role in the communication process. If these are used incorrectly, the result is often a confused message and misunderstanding of the real issues.
So a successful project manager can only maximise the effectiveness of communication within the team by being prepared to lead by example. A big part of leadership is to be present, and be prepared to communicate with all stakeholders at their respective levels. And to consciously Listen! Listen! and Listen some more!
Projects often ‘fail’ because we simply fail to clearly articulate the vision and the project’s success criteria. This vision must be successfully communicated to each stakeholder and team member. The whole team should be able to visualise the end result, in order to work towards a common goal.
Regular reporting of the project’s progress and status is crucial to the success of the project. Communicating this to all stakeholders in a clear and precise manner is paramount, so that all understand what the key messages are. Diagrams, charts, graphs and tables should be maximised here. The well known saying “a picture is worth a thousand words” is no less true than when communicating project progress or status.
Effective and efficient project management communication is delivered by first considering the needs of the audience you are intending to communicate with, put yourself in their shoes and anticipate what they need to understand, and then provide that understanding only. Strong presentation skills are essential for communicating project progress and status. The audience needs to be engaged during these presentations to check that the key messages have been received and understood.
Communication methods
Given the organisational and geographical diversity of project teams – it is important to consider all methods of communication. Today’s enhanced technology allows us to communicate easily where ever the team members may be. A communication strategy should be conceived at the project planning stages, so key is its influence on the success of the project.
Communication methods can either be active or passive.
ACTIVE communication methods being those used to communicate in the here and now, for example the use of:
Face to Face meetings
Video conference, meeting – one on one, or group
Telephone conference, or voice only web conference
Webinars, becoming increasingly popular for the delivery of presentation based activities
Telephone – good old fashioned call
Stand up presentations in person
PASSIVE communication methods would be those which recipients can adopt in their own time, for example:
Pod cast
Web cast
Email
Intranet bulletin boards
Blogs
Website
Project newsletter – paper based
Table top presentation
Always ensure that a mix of active and passive methods of communication are used to compliment each other. This should be considered as part of the overall project management communication strategy.
Listening
Active listening is arguably the biggest factor affecting effective communication. Our body language can demonstrate clearly whether we are actively listening. Eye to eye contact is imperative to active listening. It shows you are genuinely interested and engaged when someone is talking to you.
Effective communication results in all involved in the project understanding what is being communicated. This comes from spending time with the project team, being fully engaged and prepared to listen and understand the feelings which may be the key driver of the communication process. Project managers really need to have many qualities (good communication skills being one of them) to drive the project to become successful. | msmarco_doc_00_16085284 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/resources/project-documentation/the-project-management-plan-pmp | How to Build The Project Management Plan | The Project Management Plan (PMP)
The Project Management Plan (PMP) | How to Build The Project Management Plan
The Project Management Plan (PMP)
All the professional bodies offer guidelines on the level and type of information that should be defined in the early stages of the project in the form of a Project Management Plan.
The purpose of such a document is to provide a comprehensive baseline of what has to be achieved by the project, how it is to be achieved, who will be involved, how it will be reported and measured and how information will be communicated. It should be used as a reference for any decision that is made on the project and for clarification of unclear areas.Such a document should be used as a reference throughout the project to ensure that the management of the project is carried out consistently and in line with policy and procedures. Although the PMP is developed as part of the project initiation and definition, it should be a living document that evolves as the project progresses and is updated with the latest relevant information as required.
The PMP should be available to all project members as it can provide essential project information and can be used to introduce project members to the project. The project management plan is probably the main communication document for the project.
SUGGESTED CONTENTS OF THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN:
Executive summary – This section should include a few paragraphs describing, at a high level, the key elements of the project that are detailed throughout the project plan.
Strategic/organisational alignment – It must be determined which organisational objectives will be supported by undertaking the project. This section should also include the results of the project’s stakeholder analysis.
Project scope definition – The purpose and objectives of the project should be stated in this section. There should be definition as to the scope of the project as well as the major deliverables. The product breakdown structure (PBS) and the work breakdown structure (WBS) will be determined here. Quality specifications will also be included in this section, describing the product or service performance criteria from a customer perspective. Project assumptions should also be included, clarifying grey areas in the project scope.
Feasibility assessment and contingency plans – this section should evaluate the economic, technical, operational and organisational feasibility of the project; identify and assess project risks; and provide contingency plans to address high impact risk factors.
Constraints – a list of any known constraints imposed by the environment or by management e.g. fixed budget, limited resources etc.
Human resource requirements – Define the project team organisation, roles and responsibility requirements. Training requirements will need to be identified here and the development of a project training plan should begin.
Material/equipment requirements – this section should define space, hardware/software, and other resources needed to complete the project successfully.
Project schedule and milestones – The contents of this section will define the milestones and activity schedule of the project, integrating three key elements: deliverables, due date or duration and critical dependencies.
Budget/cost estimate – Estimates are required for the project duration. See here for our 12 Basic Rules for Estimating your Project. Costs are typically divided into three types: capital items, expense items and labour.
Risk Management – This section will detail the process to be employed on the project in order to manage risk. More information may be found on risk management here.
Project issues – issues are the things that have happened which are outside the authority of the project manager and need to be escalated in order to achieve a resolution. This section should define the process to be used to manage issues identified on the project.
Change management – The change management process to be utilised on the project should be described in this section.
Communication management – In this part of the PMP there should be a description of the system of communications and the project performance documentation that will be provided to the various stakeholders.
Related products and deliverables – This section should document known project dependencies, with other groups within or outside of the organisation to ensure the project is not exposed by other business processes.
Approvals – This section will capture approval signatures from project stakeholders.
Attachments – Included in this section will be pointers to pertinent documents such as the business case, notes and related documents. | msmarco_doc_00_16091239 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/resources/project-management-training-and-qualifications/the-importance-of-training-and-development-in-the-workplace | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace | The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
The Importance of Training and Development in the Workplace
Training isn’t just important to any company, it is vital.
Although there are many categories of training such as management training and or sales training, employees with Project Management skills are an important asset to any organisation.
But what does training and development, mean to your organisation?
Training presents a prime opportunity to expand the knowledge base of all employees, but many employers in the current climate find development opportunities expensive. Employees attending training sessions also miss out on work time which may delay the completion of projects. However despite these potential drawbacks, training and development provides both the individual and organisations as a whole with benefits that make the cost and time a worthwhile investment. The return on investment from training and development of employees is really a no brainer.
So what are the benefits?
Improved employee performance – the employee who receives the necessary training is more able to perform in their job. The training will give the employee a greater understanding of their responsibilities within their role, and in turn build their confidence. This confidence will enhance their overall performance and this can only benefit the company. Employees who are competent and on top of changing industry standards help your company hold a position as a leader and strong competitor within the industry.
Improved employee satisfaction and morale – the investment in training that a company makes shows employees that they are valued. The training creates a supportive workplace. Employees may gain access to training they wouldn’t have otherwise known about or sought out themselves. Employees who feel appreciated and challenged through training opportunities may feel more satisfaction toward their jobs.
Addressing weaknesses – Most employees will have some weaknesses in their workplace skills. A training program allows you to strengthen those skills that each employee needs to improve. A development program brings all employees to a higher level so they all have similar skills and knowledge. This helps reduce any weak links within the company who rely heavily on others to complete basic work tasks. Providing the necessary training creates an overall knowledgeable staff with employees who can take over for one another as needed, work on teams or work independently without constant help and supervision from others.
Consistency – A robust training and development program ensures that employees have a consistent experience and background knowledge. The consistency is particularly relevant for the company’s basic policies and procedures. All employees need to be aware of the expectations and procedures within the company. Increased efficiencies in processes results in financial gain for the company.
Increased productivity and adherence to quality standards – Productivity usually increases when a company implements training courses. Increased efficiency in processes will ensure project success which in turn will improve the company turnover and potential market share.
Increased innovation in new strategies and products – Ongoing training and upskilling of the workforce can encourage creativity. New ideas can be formed as a direct result of training and development.
Reduced employee turnover – staff are more likely to feel valued if they are invested in and therefore, less likely to change employers. Training and development is seen as an additional company benefit. Recruitment costs therefore go down due to staff retention.
Enhances company reputation and profile – Having a strong and successful training strategy helps to develop your employer brand and make your company a prime consideration for graduates and mid-career changes. Training also makes a company more attractive to potential new recruits who seek to improve their skills and the opportunities associated with those new skills.
Training can be of any kind relevant to the work or responsibilities of the individual, and can be delivered by any appropriate method.
For example, it could include:
On-the-job learning
Mentoring schemes
In-house training
Individual study
Blended learning is becoming more and more popular and as a company we have seen a definite increase in this method of training over the last year. Blended Learning is the effective combination of online learning and classroom learning. Many of 20|20’s clients prefer their staff to learn on-site rather than attend off-site training programmes – especially in industries like oil and gas where it is often very impractical to attend off-site courses. On-site learning programmes like the blended learning approach, allow 20|20 to train more people working across a larger international footprint than just the UK. This makes it much more cost-effective and allows for greater process consistency.
The importance of training your employees – both new and experienced – really cannot be overemphasized. | msmarco_doc_00_16096275 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/resources/project-planning/what-is-the-critical-path | What is the Critical Path? | Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER.
Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER. | What is the Critical Path?
The following information is meant for the website developer for debugging purposes.
Error Occurred While Processing Request
Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER.
The error occurred in C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/priv/views/inner.cfm: line 65
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 466
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 454
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 432
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 15
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 1
63 : AND IM_pageSetup.elementID <> 0 64 : <cfif isdefined ("checkTopNav")> 65 : AND IM_navigation.topID = <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_INTEGER" value="#checkTopNav.id#"> 66 : </cfif> 67 : ORDER BY IM_pageSetup.elementOrder
Resources:
Check the ColdFusion documentation to verify that you are using the correct syntax.
Search the Knowledge Base to find a solution to your problem.
Browser
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)
Remote Address
207.46.13.134
Referrer
Date/Time
10-May-21 01:55 AM
Stack Trace
at cfinner2ecfm818035533.runPage (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/priv/views/inner.cfm:65) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor8 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:466) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor9 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:454) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor10 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:432) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor11 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:15) at cfindex2ecfm17226811.runPage (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:1)
coldfusion.sql.Parameter$DataTypeMismatchException: Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER. at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValue (Parameter.java:121) at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValue (Parameter.java:70) at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValues (Parameter.java:63) at coldfusion.sql.InParameter.setStatement (InParameter.java:72) at coldfusion.sql.ParameterList.setStatement (ParameterList.java:109) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1582) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1317) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1247) at coldfusion.sql.SqlImpl.execute (SqlImpl.java:427) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.executeQuery (QueryTag.java:1211) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.startQueryExecution (QueryTag.java:841) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.doEndTag (QueryTag.java:794) at cfinner2ecfm818035533.runPage (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\priv\views\inner.cfm:65) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage.invoke (CfJspPage.java:262) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.handlePageInvoke (IncludeTag.java:735) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.doStartTag (IncludeTag.java:565) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage._emptyTcfTag (CfJspPage.java:4286) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor8 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:466) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor9 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:454) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor10 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:432) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor11 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:15) at cfindex2ecfm17226811.runPage (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:1) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage.invoke (CfJspPage.java:262) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.handlePageInvoke (IncludeTag.java:735) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.doStartTag (IncludeTag.java:565) at coldfusion.filter.CfincludeFilter.invoke (CfincludeFilter.java:65) at coldfusion.filter.ApplicationFilter.invoke (ApplicationFilter.java:557) at coldfusion.filter.RequestMonitorFilter.invoke (RequestMonitorFilter.java:43) at coldfusion.filter.MonitoringFilter.invoke (MonitoringFilter.java:40) at coldfusion.filter.PathFilter.invoke (PathFilter.java:162) at coldfusion.filter.IpFilter.invoke (IpFilter.java:45) at coldfusion.filter.ExceptionFilter.invoke (ExceptionFilter.java:96) at coldfusion.filter.BrowserDebugFilter.invoke (BrowserDebugFilter.java:78) at coldfusion.filter.ClientScopePersistenceFilter.invoke (ClientScopePersistenceFilter.java:28) at coldfusion.filter.BrowserFilter.invoke (BrowserFilter.java:38) at coldfusion.filter.NoCacheFilter.invoke (NoCacheFilter.java:60) at coldfusion.filter.GlobalsFilter.invoke (GlobalsFilter.java:38) at coldfusion.filter.DatasourceFilter.invoke (DatasourceFilter.java:22) at coldfusion.filter.CachingFilter.invoke (CachingFilter.java:62) at coldfusion.CfmServlet.service (CfmServlet.java:226) at coldfusion.bootstrap.BootstrapServlet.service (BootstrapServlet.java:311) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at coldfusion.monitor.event.MonitoringServletFilter.doFilter (MonitoringServletFilter.java:46) at coldfusion.bootstrap.BootstrapFilter.doFilter (BootstrapFilter.java:47) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter (WsFilter.java:53) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke (StandardWrapperValve.java:202) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke (StandardContextValve.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke (AuthenticatorBase.java:490) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke (StandardHostValve.java:139) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke (ErrorReportValve.java:92) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke (StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service (CoyoteAdapter.java:357) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpProcessor.service (AjpProcessor.java:451) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process (AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process (AbstractProtocol.java:853) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun (NioEndpoint.java:1587) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run (SocketProcessorBase.java:49) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run (TaskThread.java:61) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run (Thread.java:834) | msmarco_doc_00_16101885 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/resources/role-of-project-managers/top-10-qualities-of-a-project-manager | Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager | Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager | Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
Top 10 Qualities of a Project Manager
The basic definition of a project is, ‘a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.’ The project environment is very different from that of typical day to day operations or a regular team that performs similar activities on a day to day basis. The fact that a project is temporary has a huge impact on the staff employed within the project in respect of their motivation, their commitment to the work in hand and their loyalty to the project. Projects rarely fail but people do!
The role of the Project Manager is crucial for a successful project, but what qualities does he/she need to ensure effectiveness?
VISION
An effective project leader is often described as having a vision of where to go and the ability to articulate it. Visionaries thrive on change and being able to draw new boundaries. It was once said that a leader is someone who ‘lifts us up, gives us a reason for being and gives the vision and spirit to change’. Visionary leaders enable people to feel that they have a real stake in the project. They empower people to experience their vision on their own. They offer people opportunities to create their own vision, to explore what the vision will mean to their jobs and lives, and to envision their future as part of the vision for the organisation.
COMMUNICATION
In all elements of work life the most common complaint about an organisation is ‘lack of communication.’ Project leadership calls for clear communication about goals, responsibility, performance, expectations and feedback. The projects leader is also the team’s link to the larger organisation. The leader must have the ability to effectively negotiate and use persuasion when necessary to ensure the success of the team and project. The PMI (Project Management Institute) suggest a project manager should spend 90 per cent of their time communicating.
INTEGRITY
Call it honesty, integrity or loyalty. The project manager needs to have them all. His/her actions set an example for the rest of the team members. He/she is ultimately responsible for setting ethical standards for the rest of the team. The project manager should practice what they preach and in turn earn trust.
ENTHUSIASM/PASSION
We tend to follow people with a can-do attitude, not those who are always negative and give us all the reasons for why something can’t be done. Enthusiastic leaders are committed to their goals and express this commitment through optimism. Enthusiasm is contagious and effective leaders know this. A project manager without passion, is one, that is simply put, lacking definition.
EMPATHY/COMPASSION
Empathy/compassion must not be mistaken for sympathy. Although the words are similar, they are mutually exclusive. Empathy means to understand. A good project manager needs to understand that there is life outside the workplace and that people are not machines without emotions. By doing so he/she will develop a personal relationship with the team members that will serve as a tool for better results.
COMPETENCE
The team must believe that the project manager knows what he/she is doing. Leadership competence does not however necessarily refer to the project leader’s technical abilities in the core technology of the business. As project management continues to be recognised as a field in and of itself, project leaders will be chosen based on their ability to successfully lead others rather than on technical expertise, as in the past. The ability to challenge, inspire, enable, model and encourage must be demonstrated if leaders are to be seen as capable and competent. It is also essential to recognise when you’re not an expert in a certain field. Project management qualifications are greatly recognised in this day and age and expand a project managers’ knowledge further.
DELEGATION
The project manager should be able to delegate with ease. He/she should be able to recognise the skills and expertise of his team members and assign or delegate the tasks according ly to those. Trust is an essential element in the relationship of a project leader and his or her team. You demonstrate your trust in others through your actions – how much you check and control their work, how much you delegate and how much you allow people to participate. Individuals who are unable to trust other people often fail as leaders.
COMPOSURE
There are times when things do not go as expected. In such cases, the project manager needs to maintain their cool and be composed no matter what level of pressure they are under. A leader with a hardy attitude will take these problems in their stride. When leaders encounter a stressful event, they consider it interesting, they feel they can influence the outcome and they see it as an opportunity.
TEAM BUILDING
The project manager needs to be a good team builder. A team builder can best be defined as a strong person who provides the substance that holds the team together in common purpose toward the right objective. The team starts as a group of strangers and needs to be made into a core group of people. Keeping the sense of team spirit alive despite the many problems in the project’s execution, is another crucial quality a project manager should have.
PROBLEM SOLVING
An efficient project manager should be capable of solving any or all problems, either with the team or the project itself. The team members should trust the project manager to solve their problems but also involve the team in problem solving also.
A great project manager not only has to have all of these qualities but also know when to employ them and to what extent. | msmarco_doc_00_16109548 |
http://2020projectmanagement.com/training/cmi/chartered-manager/ | Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER.
Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER. | The following information is meant for the website developer for debugging purposes.
Error Occurred While Processing Request
Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER.
The error occurred in C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/priv/views/inner.cfm: line 37
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 473
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 461
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 439
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 15
Called from C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm: line 1
35 : FROM IM_navigation 36 : WHERE navLink = <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_VARCHAR" value="#subNav#"> 37 : AND topID = <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_INTEGER" value="#checkNav1.id#"> 38 : </cfquery> 39 :
Resources:
Check the ColdFusion documentation to verify that you are using the correct syntax.
Search the Knowledge Base to find a solution to your problem.
Browser
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; bingbot/2.0; +http://www.bing.com/bingbot.htm)
Remote Address
40.77.167.107
Referrer
Date/Time
20-Apr-21 02:26 AM
Stack Trace
at cfinner2ecfm818035533.runPage (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/priv/views/inner.cfm:37) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor8 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:473) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor9 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:461) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor10 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:439) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor11 (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:15) at cfindex2ecfm17226811.runPage (C:/home/2020projectmanagement.com/wwwroot/Website/pub/index.cfm:1)
coldfusion.sql.Parameter$DataTypeMismatchException: Invalid data '' for CFSQLTYPE CF_SQL_INTEGER. at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValue (Parameter.java:121) at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValue (Parameter.java:70) at coldfusion.sql.Parameter.getMappingValues (Parameter.java:63) at coldfusion.sql.InParameter.setStatement (InParameter.java:72) at coldfusion.sql.ParameterList.setStatement (ParameterList.java:109) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1582) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1317) at coldfusion.sql.Executive.executeQuery (Executive.java:1247) at coldfusion.sql.SqlImpl.execute (SqlImpl.java:427) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.executeQuery (QueryTag.java:1211) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.startQueryExecution (QueryTag.java:841) at coldfusion.tagext.sql.QueryTag.doEndTag (QueryTag.java:794) at cfinner2ecfm818035533.runPage (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\priv\views\inner.cfm:37) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage.invoke (CfJspPage.java:262) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.handlePageInvoke (IncludeTag.java:735) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.doStartTag (IncludeTag.java:565) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage._emptyTcfTag (CfJspPage.java:4286) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor8 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:473) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor9 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:461) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor10 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:439) at cfindex2ecfm17226811._factor11 (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:15) at cfindex2ecfm17226811.runPage (C:\home\2020projectmanagement.com\wwwroot\Website\pub\index.cfm:1) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage.invoke (CfJspPage.java:262) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.handlePageInvoke (IncludeTag.java:735) at coldfusion.tagext.lang.IncludeTag.doStartTag (IncludeTag.java:565) at coldfusion.filter.CfincludeFilter.invoke (CfincludeFilter.java:65) at coldfusion.filter.ApplicationFilter.invoke (ApplicationFilter.java:557) at coldfusion.filter.RequestMonitorFilter.invoke (RequestMonitorFilter.java:43) at coldfusion.filter.MonitoringFilter.invoke (MonitoringFilter.java:40) at coldfusion.filter.PathFilter.invoke (PathFilter.java:162) at coldfusion.filter.IpFilter.invoke (IpFilter.java:45) at coldfusion.filter.ExceptionFilter.invoke (ExceptionFilter.java:96) at coldfusion.filter.BrowserDebugFilter.invoke (BrowserDebugFilter.java:78) at coldfusion.filter.ClientScopePersistenceFilter.invoke (ClientScopePersistenceFilter.java:28) at coldfusion.filter.BrowserFilter.invoke (BrowserFilter.java:38) at coldfusion.filter.NoCacheFilter.invoke (NoCacheFilter.java:60) at coldfusion.filter.GlobalsFilter.invoke (GlobalsFilter.java:38) at coldfusion.filter.DatasourceFilter.invoke (DatasourceFilter.java:22) at coldfusion.filter.CachingFilter.invoke (CachingFilter.java:62) at coldfusion.CfmServlet.service (CfmServlet.java:226) at coldfusion.bootstrap.BootstrapServlet.service (BootstrapServlet.java:311) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at coldfusion.monitor.event.MonitoringServletFilter.doFilter (MonitoringServletFilter.java:46) at coldfusion.bootstrap.BootstrapFilter.doFilter (BootstrapFilter.java:47) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter (WsFilter.java:53) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter (ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke (StandardWrapperValve.java:202) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke (StandardContextValve.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke (AuthenticatorBase.java:490) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke (StandardHostValve.java:139) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke (ErrorReportValve.java:92) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke (StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service (CoyoteAdapter.java:357) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpProcessor.service (AjpProcessor.java:451) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process (AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process (AbstractProtocol.java:853) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun (NioEndpoint.java:1587) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run (SocketProcessorBase.java:49) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run (TaskThread.java:61) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run (Thread.java:834) | msmarco_doc_00_16115621 | |
http://2020unleashed.com/unleashed/google-voice-how-much-does-it-cost-by-mr-twenty-twenty/ | Google Voice – How much does it cost? by Mr. Twenty Twenty : Mr 2020 Unleashed | Google Voice – How much does it cost? by Mr. Twenty Twenty
Google Voice – How much does it cost? by Mr. Twenty Twenty
Think of a few variations…. (Keep reading, even if you haven’t thought about getting it, there is some REAL SIMPLE SOLID GOLD here…)
Now, notice something…
Questions and answers.
So I write a post that answers these questions. That get’s people to this page, so they can get answers.
And if are an internet marketer or businessman, this post gets even better.
THE POWER OF A PROVEN FORMULA
Find out what questions people you want to do business with are asking, and answer them.
THEN… here is where you can make some money.
Like this one: Success Version 20.20 – How to make money in your neighborhood and online in as little as 3 days.
PS: Did you get Success Version 20.20 yet? If you didn’t, get it today. It’s just $12 bucks. And if you got it, NOW use it! Whoo yah!
About the Author: Twenty Twenty
Subscribe
| Google Voice – How much does it cost? by Mr. Twenty Twenty : Mr 2020 Unleashed
By Twenty Twenty July 30, 2009 Read More →
Google Voice – How much does it cost? by Mr. Twenty Twenty
Google voice. How much does it cost?
Google voice. What are the hidden fees?
Think of a few variations…. (Keep reading, even if you haven’t thought about getting it, there is some REAL SIMPLE SOLID GOLD here…)
What are the hidden charges for Google Voice?
How much will Google Voice cost me per month?
Now, notice something…
There is something very powerful and profitable you can notice and use here.
Questions and answers.
If you are considering using Google’s new phone service, google voice, you’ll want to know the answers to these questions.
So I write a post that answers these questions. That get’s people to this page, so they can get answers.
So I give them answers. Here is the answer THEY are looking for.
As far as i can tell, and according to the Google site, Google Voice is free in the US, for all calls to numbers in the US. And the quoted rates they have for overseas calls, seem to be extremely reasonable.
And if are an internet marketer or businessman, this post gets even better.
THE POWER OF A PROVEN FORMULA
Because there is a formula here, a formula you can use TODAY if you want to make a difference in peoples lives and make money.
Find out what questions people you want to do business with are asking, and answer them.
THEN… here is where you can make some money.
Find out what OTHER QUESTIONS they have, questions that require a little bit of time and research to answer. Use THOSE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS to create a little 20 page Special Report, and Sell it for $12 bucks.
Like this one: Success Version 20.20 – How to make money in your neighborhood and online in as little as 3 days.
Let’s face it. You don’t need to write a 200 page manual anymore. Because people are too busy to read that much. Just give them 20 pages of VALUABLE INFORMATION, charge them a modest fee (like $12 bucks), and develop a relationship with them.
That’s a huge key to success. And like Google Voice, it’s a great deal!
Your friend,
Mr. Twenty Twenty
PS: Did you get Success Version 20.20 yet? If you didn’t, get it today. It’s just $12 bucks. And if you got it, NOW use it! Whoo yah!
Posted in: Unleash Yourself
About the Author: Twenty Twenty
Mr Twenty Twenty is that guy who legally changed his name to the number of "Perfect Vision". He lives his life, focused on helping people develop the inner resources they need to live their personal visions, while discovering who and what we "really are". If you enjoy his writing, let him know by emailing him at 2020@exhostage.com.
Subscribe
If you enjoyed this article, subscribe to receive more just like it. | msmarco_doc_00_16123192 |
http://2020workplace.com/blog/?p=388 | The 2020 Leader: What Is Needed For Success In The 2020 Workplace | 2020 Workplace | The 2020 Leader: What Is Needed For Success In The 2020 Workplace
The 2020 Leader: What Is Needed For Success In The 2020 Workplace
“What are the key attributes of a leader in the 2020 workplace?”
Bryant’s Five Qualities Of A Successful Leader
1. Passionate curiosity
2. Battle-hardened confidence
3. Team smarts
4. A simple mind-set
5. Fearlessness
| The 2020 Leader: What Is Needed For Success In The 2020 Workplace | 2020 Workplace
Book Reviews, m-learning, Social Media
The 2020 Leader: What Is Needed For Success In The 2020 Workplace
Posted by
Jeanne Meister
May 2, 2011
Tweet
In the book, The 2020 Workplace: How Innovative Companies Attract, Develop & Keep Tomorrow’s Employees Today, we ask the question:
“What are the key attributes of a leader in the 2020 workplace?”
Our answer posits five attributes leaders will need to navigate the workplace in 2020. These are shown below, in a chart taken directly from The 2020 Workplace book:
So it was interesting to read the latest book by Adam Bryant, who writes the “ Corner Office ” column for the New York Times and whose book The Corner Office: Indispensable and Unexpected Lessons From CEOs on How to Lead and Succeed has just been published.
Bryant proposes that successful leaders share five qualities, as well as look for these in people they hire. Here are the five qualities along with a view toward leveraging these qualities in the 2020 workplace .
Bryant’s Five Qualities Of A Successful Leader
1. Passionate curiosity
Bryant: “Passionate curiosity is an infectious sense of fascination that some people have with everything around them. Leaders who have a passionate curiosity ask the “big inspiring questions,” in an attempt to always want to know more. The most effective leaders wonder why things work the way they do and whether those things can be improved upon. They want to know people’s stories, and what they do.”
2020 Leader: As Peter Drucker was fond of saying: “The leader of the past was a person who knew how to tell. The leader of the future will be a person who knows how to ask questions.” And the bigger and more inspiring the questions the better.
2. Battle-hardened confidence
Bryant: Great leaders display “a concept known as ‘locus of control.’ . . . People who have it will take on, and own, any assignment thrown their way. They say those words that are music to a manager’s ears: ‘Got it. I’m on it.’”
2020 Leader: Leaders who have “battle-hardened confidence have a positive attitude mixed with a sense of purpose and determination. As Bryant says in his book, “People who have it will take on, and own any assignment thrown their way. Or as Gary Hamel argues in his book, The Future of Management, leaders build accountability into everything they do.
3. Team smarts
Bryant: “The most effective executives are more than team players. They understand how teams work and how to get the most out of the group both in the current assignment and with a view toward future assignments. Just as some people have street smarts, others have team smarts.”
2020 Leader: In the 2020 workplace, team smarts is also about having good “peripheral vision” for sensing how people react to one another, not just how they act. Leaders must be on the lookout for individuals who can be part of a high performing team and know how to bring the team members together around a common goal. Innovative methods of developing these teams will be leveraged in the 2020 workplace and they include: leadership development programs leveraging social networking tools, group mentoring, reverse mentoring, as well as providing coaching at lower levels of the organization.
4. A simple mind-set
Bryant: “Most senior executives want a crisp vision and communication style. This means: Be concise, Get to the point, Keep it simple.” Bryant proposes more leaders need to be able to summarize their ideas in a 10-word summary, which sounds easier than it is.
2020 Leader: Leaders will need to be concise and crisp in the face of ever increasingly complexities in running their businesses. But how? One possibility is to pilot microblogging inside your company so your team begins to use tools that require brevity while encouraging collaboration . The new job of leaders in the 2020 workplace is to be digitally confident while “being concise, getting to the point and keeping it simple.”
5. Fearlessness
Bryant: “Fearlessness refers to calculated and informed risk-taking by executives who have a vision for the future. When chief executives talk about executives on their staffs who are fearless, there is a reverence in their voices. They wish they could bottle it and pass it out to all their employees.”
2020 Leader: As we approach the workplace in 2020, we cannot imagine the future by simply extrapolating from the past. As Ursula Burns, CEO of Xerox says, “one of the attributes of being fearless is seeing an opportunity even though things are not broken.” Leaders need to see changes coming in their businesses and prepare for these by “future proofing” the enterprise, meaning understanding the implications of revolutionary change and taking action to position the company in the coming decade.
Which of these five qualities do you think is the most important in a leader as we head into the 2020 workplace? As social technologies are added to the workplace, how will the job of a leader change? Can you share your suggestions to me at: jeanne@futureworkplace.com | msmarco_doc_00_16127330 |
http://2021training.com/get-state-farm-property-adjuster-certification/ | Where to get State Farm Property Adjuster Certification | 2021 Training | Where to get State Farm Property Adjuster Certification
Where to get State Farm Property Adjuster Certification | Where to get State Farm Property Adjuster Certification | 2021 Training
Where to get State Farm Property Adjuster Certification
As new adjusters we work hard to get our foot in the door and gain that valuable experience. Making yourself valuable to the Catastrophe Companies is important. One of the ways you set yourself up for success is by being prepared. We’ve talked time and time again about making sure that you are familiar with the basics of insurance and the use of Xactimate. When you first start out, you will hear many talk about various carrier certifications. All have their own method of certifying people.
State Farm Property Adjuster Certification is one of the most worthwhile certifications you can hold because of the large number of claims they have due to their size. It is a one-time certification and will not need to be repeated once you’ve obtained it. There are 5 catastrophe companies that offer State Farm Property Adjuster Certifications. They are Crawford, Eberls, E.A. Renfroe, Pilot , Worley, and CNC Catastrophe & National Claims.
Step 1: Get on their Rosters. You need to first sign up on their rosters through their website. This is usually pretty straight forward but may take a little time based on the great amount of information they need.
Step 2: Call and ask when and where they are holding the next certifications . Some charge a small fee and others don’t, but the fee is usually nominal if charged. These certifications are usually conducted quarterly as a general rule. I would recommend asking where they generally hold their training to choose the one closest to you. It doesn’t make sense to live in Dallas and drive to Louisiana for your certification when they offer it in both places.
Step 3: Take the Certification. The certification is broken down into two days with testing at the end. The test is broken into two sections. One on Estimatics (Xactimate-type material) and one on State Farm Policy. The material is not difficult if you pay attention to the instruction provided in the class. You do not need to worry about studying ahead of time as they will give you all the material you need to pass the certification test when you get there.
Step 4: Notify all of the above companies of your current certification. Once you have completed your State Farm Property Adjuster Certification and have your certificate, make sure you let each of them know that you are now certified. All four of them receive claims from State Farm and all are interested in knowing that you are now certified. State Farm Insurance is a large company that provides a lot of claims to each of them. By having the certification, it will make you available to work for them. | msmarco_doc_00_16133207 |
http://2028end.com/countdown-clock | COUNTDOWN CLOCK - 2028 END WEBSITE - JESUS RETURNS AD 2028 | COUNTDOWN CLOCK
COUNTDOWN CLOCK
CLOCK DISCLAIMER
Click Link Below to Learn the Meaning of Jewish Idiom
No One Knows the Day or Hour
| COUNTDOWN CLOCK - 2028 END WEBSITE - JESUS RETURNS AD 2028
COUNTDOWN CLOCK
COUNTDOWN TO CHRIST’S.SECOND.COMING
– Feast of Trumpets AD 2028 –
7
Years 4
Months 2
Weeks 3
Days 1
Hour 6
Minutes 50
Seconds
PLEASE SHARE
CLOCK DISCLAIMER
Please understand we do NOT know the EXACT “DAY” or “HOUR” of Jesus Christ’s return on our Gregorian calendar. The Countdown Clock is set for the Feast of Trumpets AD 2028, which is the time period when Christ’s return will be “right at the doors” (Matthew 24:33).
The Feast of Trumpets (Rosh Hashanah) is a yearly celebrated Holy Day known to the Jews as the day “no man knows the day or hour” since it cannot be confirmed until two witnesses in Jerusalem see the first sliver of the new moon.
THIS is the “time” during AD 2028 (Earth’s 6,000 year) when Jesus Christ will rapturously return to planet Earth!
Click Link Below to Learn the Meaning of Jewish Idiom
No One Knows the Day or Hour
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video
Click image above to watch video | msmarco_doc_00_16136284 |
http://202snewdeal.weebly.com/civil-works-administration-cwa.html | Civil Works Administration (CWA) - 202's New Deal |
Civil Works Administration (CWA) | Civil Works Administration (CWA) - 202's New Deal
Home
Federal Writer's Project (FWP)
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
Social Security Act (SSA)
Emergency Banking Act
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
About Page
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
_ _
Introduction
On November 9, 1933 FDR and congress started the organization called the Civil Works Administration (CWA). This administration was a part of the new deal presented and executed by FDR so that the lives of employees would be a little bit easier, and filled with less hardship during the depression. It would also help keep from another depression happening, because of the job creation and lower rate of unemployment. The CWA provided work for the unemployed to help with finacial and mental burdens, assigning many americans and immigrants to public projects and creations. The crazy fact about all these new organizations and acts is that it was all funded by the U.S. government. By January of 1934 the CWA had provided jobs for over 4 million Americans. Finally in march of 1934 the federal government had to stop the organization because it was so expensive to run, and administrate.
The Aims And Purpose Of The CWA
The Cwa, was funded and run under the rule of the federal emergency relief administration, or (FERA). It created construction jobs, such as building bridges, fixing roads, and many other construction related projects. Over the administration's run, it had employed over 4 million people. It had laid 12 million feet of pipeline, improved over 250 thousand miles of roads and 40000 local and countryside schools, and most importantly installing much-needed outhouses in extremely rural areas. As you can see, the CWA achieved a lot. The purpose of this organization, like the C CC, and the F WP was to get people out of unemployment, to get them back on their feet. The CWA paid around a dollar a day to its workers, or about the equivalent of around 20 big ones today. With its low but steady pay, one can see that the jobs given to people weren't meant to be kept for long. The temporary employments were most likely -among employees- building ground for a new life, or, the starter fluid being propelled on to the carburetor...you get the picture. Like stated earlier, the CWA had accomplished a lot for America, and had been, like all of these programs the jumper cables giving life to the once blazingly loud engine, of American ingenuity.
The Closer
The CWA's run was finished, and left the construction projects sending tony and ray home. on april 1, 1934, due to expensive funds, the tragic event took place, the closing of the CWA. The government was paying a good portion of america about a dollar a day for a year, which added up as employees joined, and agencies were created. The cwa was alone, expensive to run - and eventually too expensive for the U.S to run. Causing the the federal government to shut down the program. In it's place FDR started, with his new deal, the WPA which will last a lot longer, and is running today, still qualifying for one of the most ambitious and important government agencies. Overall, the CWA was a very important organization, and without it or the other foundations running and standing with it, we wouldn't be where we are today. | msmarco_doc_00_16137863 |
http://202snewdeal.weebly.com/federal-emergency-relief-administration-fera.html | Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) - 202's New Deal |
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
What was the purpose of FERA?
How was the FERA created?
Was FERA a success?
Expand your visual knowledge.......
| Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) - 202's New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
FERA was one of th the The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), was created in 1933, gave millions to states for work relief programs. In a report to Congress in 1936, FERA indicated that while actual physical suffering was prevented, it was never fully possible to achieve living standards of minimum decency for the entire population in need of relief. Among the actions that FDR put in place, Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) program, the first of his major relief operations, provided state assistance for the unemployed and their families. FERA intended to aid the unemployed during the Great Depression, it dispersed relief funds to states so that jobs could be created for those out of work. Led by Harry Hopkins, a former social worker, this agency sent funds to depleting local relief agencies. Within two hours, $5 million were given out. Mr. Hopkins believed that men should be put to work and not be given charity. His program also funded public work programs.
What was the purpose of FERA?
FERA had 3 primary objectives. These were:
Adequacy of relief measures
providing work for employable people on the relief rolls
Diversification of relief programs
"When Roosevelt appointed Hopkins as director of FERA, he called him to his office for a five-minute talk. The president told the Washington newcomer two things: give immediate and adequate relief to the unemployed, and pay no attention to politics or politicians. Hopkins did just that. Thirty minutes later, seated at a makeshift desk in a hallway . he began a program committed to action rather than debate, a program that would eventually put 15 million people to work. Even more important, FERA established the doctrine that adequate public relief was a right that citizens in need could expect to received from their government." (J. Hopkins p. 309)
How was the FERA created?
FERA (Emergency Relief Administration) was created in 1931 by president Herbert Hoover. He used it go give money loans to states that needed them to make relief programs. After Hoovers collapse, F.D.R (Franklin Delano Roosevelt) came to the rescue when he renamed it FERA
Was FERA a success?
Through research, it seems to be that FERA wasn't 100% a success. Changes did happen like Relief allowances per family in Cook County went from $29.15 in December 1932 to $33.11 in June 1934, and to $38.65 in June 1935. While those allowances hardly met most family's needs, it kept many families together when coupled with other programs for clothes, medical services, and CCC employment for young men. After the inauguration of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) programs in 1935, many families survived until regular employment opportunities became available.
Expand your visual knowledge.......
Not sure what Federal Emergency Relief Administration looked like? Don't worry, click here to view pictures, and interesting facts | msmarco_doc_00_16141464 |
http://203-05-b5.blogspot.com/2009/10/impact-of-silk-road.html | History for Dummies: The Impact of the Silk Road | The Impact of the Silk Road
Thursday, October 29, 2009
The Impact of the Silk Road
| History for Dummies: The Impact of the Silk Road
History that you can understand.
Thursday, October 29, 2009
The Impact of the Silk Road
The Silk road is one of the worlds oldest and great trade routes in history. The effect that the silk road had on trade in that time was massive, however impact it left on global trade and cross cultural boundaries was even greater. The Silk Road was one of the most massive and encompassing trade routes connecting China, Europe, and Western Asia. It branched out in almost every direction, not following one direct route, but many routes through towns and different settlements. So many good were traded using the Silk Road, and the area that these goods covered was massive. The effect that this route had on cultures across the world had quite an impact.
The Silk Road brought people far across Asia and Europe, bring different aspects of their culture with them. With these people came items and goods from different culture that some people of the west had not seen, and these things became more readily available for people of the west. Other than goods, religion traveled along the Silk Road. Buddhism spread great distances and much of the reason why it spread was because of the Silk Road.
The Silk Road was used in forms of communications as well. In the times of the Mongol Empire the Silk Road was used as a major route for communication and spreading of ideas for the Mongols, more than most were open to ideas and religions. Kubilai Khan, for example was one of the most sympathetic and understanding of most religions. During the mongol reign many people across Asia and other lands took part in this trade, spreading culture, religion and many other aspects of their lives all across the continent.
http://www.ess.uci.edu/~oliver/silk.html
Posted by Kampsj at 8:52 PM
Newer Post Older Post Home
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom) | msmarco_doc_00_16144890 |
http://2030fasttrack.com/ | 20/30 Fast Track Hormone Weight Loss Plan | It’s Now Proven That 7 Different Hormone Issues Are Causing Your Weight Gain And Your Health Problems.
It’s Now Proven That 7 Different Hormone Issues Are Causing Your Weight Gain And Your Health Problems.
There Are 7 Different hormones That Can Make It Virtually Impossible For You To Lose Weight . Especially If You’re Over 35. The 20/30 Fast Track Plan Addresses Those Hormones, And You WILL Lose Weight .*
There are 7 hormones keeping you from losing weight and we’re going to put it to a stop. You’re going to lose weight.*
There is a solution. It’s called 20/30 Fast Track. It will adjust your hormones, and you will lose weight.*
There are 7 hormones keeping you from losing weight and we’re going to put it to a stop. You’re going to lose weight.*
Our members have reported:
Losing A 1/2 to 1 Pound A Day On Average
Balancing Hormones
Reducing Blood Pressure
Getting Better, More Restful Sleep
Increasing Energy Level
Stabilizing Blood Sugar
See What Some Of Our Other Members Have To Say About The 20/30 Fast Track Program:
"Skeptical about another diet…..but SUPER GLAD I took the chance!"
"TAKE BACK YOUR HEALTH!"
"LIFE CHANGING DECISION MADE SIMPLE!!!!!"
"HOW TO BE BLESSED WITH STRUCTURE!!!!"
Our Members Love the 20/30 Fast Track Program Because It's So Simple...And It WORKS!
Tens of Thousands of Others Have Already Done It... Now It's Your Turn!
Will YOU Be Our Next 20/30 Success Story?
| 20/30 Fast Track Hormone Weight Loss Plan
It’s Now Proven That 7 Different Hormone Issues Are Causing Your Weight Gain And Your Health Problems.
There Are 7 Different hormones That Can Make It Virtually Impossible For You To Lose Weight . Especially If You’re Over 35. The 20/30 Fast Track Plan Addresses Those Hormones, And You WILL Lose Weight .*
YouTube
Donna Krech
No subscribers
Subscribe
20/30 Fast Track Commercial
Watch later
Copy link
Info
Shopping
Tap to unmute
If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device.
More videos
More videos
Share
Include playlist
An error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later.
Watch on
Click Here to Get Your FREE Weight Loss Hormone Session Acceptance in this program is extremely limited so don't wait!
There are 7 hormones keeping you from losing weight and we’re going to put it to a stop. You’re going to lose weight.*
Sometimes it can feel like there’s no hope, no solution. But there is. It’s called the 20/30 Fast Track Plan. The 20/30 Fast Track Plan will adjust your hormones, so you can finally lose the weight, and solve a variety of other health issues, such as insomnia, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, low energy and more.
You may have heard already about Fast Track Plan. But what you may not know is that we’ve helped thousands of people take their lives back and become happy, healthy, and fully alive. And the results…well, they speak for themselves.
There is a solution. It’s called 20/30 Fast Track. It will adjust your hormones, and you will lose weight.*
There are 7 hormones keeping you from losing weight and we’re going to put it to a stop. You’re going to lose weight.*
In your FREE Weight Loss Hormone Session, you will learn the real reason you've had trouble losing weight and keeping it off in the past, and why all of the diets you've tried never seemed to work. We'll show you exactly how your hormones and unique body chemistry affect weight loss and how your body metabolizes food, and how you can successfully shed the weight for good. And, we'll show you how to put what you learn into action right on the spot, making sure you begin getting results immediately.
Our members have reported:
Losing A 1/2 to 1 Pound A Day On Average
Balancing Hormones
Reducing Blood Pressure
Getting Better, More Restful Sleep
Increasing Energy Level
Stabilizing Blood Sugar
See What Some Of Our Other Members Have To Say About The 20/30 Fast Track Program:
"Skeptical about another diet…..but SUPER GLAD I took the chance!"
"I can’t believe it, I was skeptical to get started and my husband stood by my side, pushed me to START NOW and WE DID IT!!!! I am grateful that he did. Brad has lost 63lbs. and I have lost 40lbs and 21 1/2” in just 60 days. We are both sleeping better through the night, Brad doesn't snore anymore, I am off acid reflux medication and BEST OF ALL we have grown closer through this process.
Thank you 20/30 Fast Track for changing our lives forever!"
Brad and Angie Hoy
20/30 Participant
"TAKE BACK YOUR HEALTH!"
"I have lost 39lbs. in 66 days! I feel fantastic! Completely off blood pressure meds, sleeping well and lots of energy! I would recommend this to anyone who was serious about taking the weight off and taking your health back! "
Laurie Kirkendall
20/30 Participant
"LIFE CHANGING DECISION MADE SIMPLE!!!!!"
"Thank you for sharing this life changing program with us, we have become closer to our church family and we are healthier because of it. Kyle has lost 26lbs in 44 days and I have lost 19lbs in the 44 days. He says he loves that he has more energy and is overall feeling healthier. I am off my acid reflux medicine, heart burn medicine and I have no more back pain because I decreased the belly weight.
Your support is OUTSTANDING and appreciate all you do for the group."
Kyle and Dawn Waugh
20/30 Participant
"HOW TO BE BLESSED WITH STRUCTURE!!!!"
"We have been OVER blessed by this program. Our lives have been forever changed and we appreciate all you do for us. Vanessa is down 39lbs and I am down 60.2lbs in 60 days, we are not people who go to the doctor regularly but since the program started we have both had physicals and we are “HEALTHY AS A HORSE” according to the doctor!!!
Doing this program together has helped Vanessa the most, she has tried MANY MANY things before and always failed but this time we had WONDERFUL structure and she needs that. We have saved money on groceries and eating out. We have learned to check labels before we put things in our mouth and we have learned to love the foods that are “good for you” instead of always feeling like we needed the junk. This program is WELL WORTH the cost, I pinched pennies and figured out a way to spend the money and WOW I am happy that I did."
Shaine and Vanessa Jacobs
20/30 Participant
Our Members Love the 20/30 Fast Track Program Because It's So Simple...And It WORKS!
Tens of Thousands of Others Have Already Done It... Now It's Your Turn!
Will YOU Be Our Next 20/30 Success Story?
*Members have lost 5 lbs, 20 lbs, 40 lbs, 100 lbs, and more. Average loss in each facility offering this product ranges based on adherence to the plan. Your loss could be a great deal or nothing, depending on how you follow the plan, medical conditions, prescription drugs taken, or other lifestyle choices. | msmarco_doc_00_16147069 |
http://2030secondcoming.com/Why2030SC.html | Exploring Prophetic Mysteries
Exploring Prophetic Mysteries
Why Jesus will return in the year 2030
The Week of Human History
Hosea prophesied the exact year of the Second Coming!
1,000 years means 1,000 years
The exact day of Christ’s Coming cannot be known
| Exploring Prophetic Mysteries
With Daniel Speck 8.12.16 Home
Why Jesus will return in the year 2030
Based on a number of clues given in the Scriptures, we can expect Jesus Christ to return in 2030. Some Scriptures that point to this particular year:
1. Answering the last days mockers who will say, “Where is the promise of His coming?” the Apostle Peter stated, “...with the Lord one day is like a thousand years and a thousand years like one day.” II Peter 3:4,8.
2. Jesus stayed with the Samaritan woman, a prophetic type of the Church, for two days. “And after two days He went forth from there...” John 4:40.
3. Jesus remained two days after hearing Lazarus was sick before crossing the Jordan to raise him from the dead. “He then stayed two days longer in the place where He was.” John 11:6. Crossing the Jordan is a prophetic type of the Second Coming and Lazarus was a type of Israel.
4. The Prophet Hosea wrote of the Lord’s second coming: “I will go away and return to My place until they acknowledge their guilt and seek My face”...He will revive us after two days; He will raise us up on the third day.” Hosea 5:15-6:3.
5. At the end of the second day of John 1, Jesus tells of His coming on the clouds. “You will see the heavens opened and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man. On the third day there was a wedding in Cana of Galilee." John 1:51-2:1. The third day of John 2:1 is is a prophetic type of the Messianic age.
6. The Good Samaritan, a prophetic type of Christ, gave the innkeeper two dinarii to care for the wounded man, promising to return and settle the account. Equaling two day’s wages, the two dinarii symbolizes the two thousand year “days” that would pass until the Lord returns.
7. If the Church age is prophesied to last 2,000 years, which most scholars calculate to have begun in 30 AD, then the return of Christ will be in 2030. See the chart: Dates for the birth and death/resurrection of Jesus.
8. Mankind has been given 7 “days,” or seven thousand years from Adam until the completion of human history on the Judgment Day. From Adam to Abraham was about 2,000 years, from Abraham to Christ was about 2,000 years, and the Messianic age when Christ rules on earth is a Sabbath “day” of 1,000 years. This leaves no more than 2,000 years for the Church age to be completed before the Second Coming, reinforcing the prophetic type of 2,000 year “days” as Hosea and John also predict.
The Week of Human History
Hosea prophesied the exact year of the Second Coming!
A careful reading of Hosea 5:15-6:2 incredibly reveals one specific year for the return of Christ.
“I will go and return to my place until they (Israel) acknowledge their sin and seek My face”...”He will revive us after two days and raise us up on the third day.”
The revival of Israel describes the time when all Israel comes to faith in Christ and the raising up of Israel is that time when Jesus Christ will lead the Jewish nation into the promised land where He will raise them up as the Kingdom of Israel.
Since the Lord is going to accomplish both of these events in the same year when He returns, there is only one possible year when this prophecy can be fulfilled! That has to be the single year in which the second millennium after Christ’s ascension ends and the third millennium begins. 2030, which is two thousand years after Christ “returned to His place” in 30 AD; is also the beginning of the third millennium after He ascended and so is the only year in which both the revival and raising of Israel can possibly occur.
1,000 years means 1,000 years
The Messianic Age will last for 1,000 years, not 999 or 1,001 years: “And they came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were completed...” Revelation 20:4-5. If the Third Day Messianic Age lasts for a thousand years, then the Two Days of the Church age must certainly last for two thousand years. It’s not merely an approximation, but delineates one specific year for the Second Coming: 2030.
The exact day of Christ’s Coming cannot be known
“But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone.” Matthew 24:36.
Anyone who says they know the day of Christ’s return is a false teacher. However, it does not preclude knowing the year or even the season. The Lord was clear that shortly before He appears, believers would know that He was near.
“When you see these things happening recognize that He is near, right at the door.” Mark 13:29.
“You...are not in darkness that the day would overtake you like a thief”
However, because of prevailing deceptions, the world will be completely taken by surprise.
“For you yourselves know that the day of the Lord will come just like a thief in the night. While they are saying, “Peace and safety!’” then destruction will come upon them suddenly like labor pains upon a woman with child, and they will not escape. But you, brethren are not in darkness, that the day would overtake you like a thief.” I Thessalonians 5:2-4.
But to believers the Lord said, “...when these things (of the Tribulation) begin to take place, straighten up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.” Luke 21:28.
For an expanded study of the 2030 return of Christ, order “2030 Second Coming” from Amazon
© Daniel Speck 8.12.16
Age of Gentiles
Adam to Abraham
Age of Israel
Abraham to Christ
Church Age
Ascension to Rapture
Messianic Age
The Millennium
1,000 yrs | 2,000 yrs
3,000 yrs | 4,000 yrs
1st Day | 2nd Day
5,000 yrs | 6,000 yrs
3rd Day
7,000 yrs | msmarco_doc_00_16154190 | |
http://203kconsultants.net/about-us.php | About Us | About Us
About Us | About Us
About Us
203kConsultants.net helps home buyers and lenders connect with HUD certified 203K consultants. Our comprehensive directory contains listings of all current and past consultants accepted on the HUD 203K consultant roster.
If you are considering the services of a consultant for 203K financing, browse through our directory to locate a qualified consultant to assist you with all the 203K requirements and guidelines related to the residential property you are interested in purchasing and renovating. With the help of a consultant, the preliminary process involved prior to the commencement of rehab work can be completed in a timely manner.
If you are consultant looking for buyer leads or interested in advertising on the state or city directory pages on our site, contact us to get started. | msmarco_doc_00_16160542 |
http://203kconsultants.net/fees.php | FHA 203K Consultant Fees, HUD Fee Schedule for 203K Loan Consultants | 203 (K) Consultant Fees
203 (K) Consultant Fees | FHA 203K Consultant Fees, HUD Fee Schedule for 203K Loan Consultants
203 (K) Consultant Fees
The 203k consultant's fee varies depending on the cost of the repair work to be financed through a FHA 203k loan. The actual fees may vary from the amounts published by the HUD in its general fee schedule for the consultants performing the feasibility analysis report and other associated tasks. For the HUD established fee, a 203k consultant will personally visit the property and provide all the necessary architectural exhibits along with a complete work write-up.
The base fee is $400 for the repairs that range between $5,000 to $7,500. For amounts ranging between $7,501 to $15,000 the HUD 203k consultant fee is $500. For renovation work amount between $15,001 to $30,000, it's $600. For the cost of rehab work that falls in the range of $30,001 to $50,000, the 203k consultant fee is $700. The fee will be $800 for fix-up work that falls between $50,001 to $75,000. If the proposed repair work costs between $75,001 to $100K, the fee would be $900. In those rare cases where the renovation work to be undertaken exceeds $100,000, the fee shall be $1,000. The above mentioned FHA 203k consultant fee amounts are meant for single family residential homes. For multi-family homes, the fee charged may be higher. Typically, it would be an additional $25 for each unit beyond the 1st one.
If you are considering 203k financing using a streamline loan that allows for financing repairs under $35,000, there is no need for a feasibility analysis report performed by a consultant on HUD roster. For consultants that may need to travel beyond their local area (>30 miles for the round trip), mileage costs may also be chargeable along with the regular HUD established fees.
It is not mandatory that a buyer use the services of a 203k consultant approved by HUD. They can opt to use an independent consultant such as a contractor to prepare the exhibits or use an architect or engineer holding a valid state license. While the fees charged by an engineer or architect are not bound by the above mentioned fees, they must still be in a reasonable range.
Using a HUD-accepted consultant doesn't mean that HUD assumes any warranties regarding their competence or the quality of their work.
Even if you used an independent consultant to do the feasibility analysis, a mandatory pre-appraisal inspection must be performed by a HUD-accepted fee consultant to ensure that the property is in compliance with 203k program's guidelines and requirements. To perform this review, the utilities must be on prior to the site visit. The fee to be charged is fixed and depends on the amount of repair work. For properties that require less than $15,000 in total rehab work, the fee is set at $100. For the repairs that range between $15,001 to $30,000, the fee for a consultant is $150 and $200 for any work above $30,000. These fees are based on the review of single-family homes. For multi-family properties, an $50 per each additional unit applies, provided these units come under the same case number as the primary unit. In cases where an additional review may be necessary, another $50 as fee is applicable.
If the distance is more than 30 miles (round trip) to visit the site from the reviewer's official business location, additional mileage charges as established by the local HUD field office can be charged. Any additional charges related to Toll may also be applicable. | msmarco_doc_00_16161511 |
http://203kconsultants.net/identity-of-interest-statement.php | Identity of Interest Statement for HUD 203 (K) Consultants | Identity of Interest Statement
Identity of Interest Statement | Identity of Interest Statement for HUD 203 (K) Consultants
Identity of Interest Statement
FHA requires the every party involved in a loan transaction sign an identity of interest statement. The same applies even to a 203 (K) consultant hired by a borrower or lender in regards to a 203 (K) loan.
A 203 (K) consultant is required to have no conflict of interest with either the borrower or the contract. They have to sign a form acknowledging the same.
The prescribed format suggested is as follows:
"I hereby certify that I have carefully inspected this property for compliance with the general acceptability requirements (including health and safety) in Handbook 4905.1. I have required as necessary and reviewed the architectural exhibits, including any applicable engineering and termite reports, and the estimated rehabilitation cost and they are acceptable for the rehabilitation of this property. I have no personal interest, present or prospective, in the property, applicant, or proceeds of the mortgage. I also certify that I have no identity-of-interest or conflict-of-interest with the borrower, seller, lender, realtor, appraiser, plan reviewer, contractor or subcontractor. To the best of my knowledge, I have reported all items requiring correction and that the rehabilitation proposal now meets all HUD requirements for 203 (k) Rehabilitation Mortgage Insurance."
"Warning: HUD will prosecute false claims and statements. Conviction may result in criminal and/or civil penalties. (18 U.S.C 1001, 1010, 1012; 31 U.S.C 3729, 3802).� | msmarco_doc_00_16165216 |
http://203kconsultants.net/role-of-fha-203k-consultant.php | Role of a Consultant in FHA 203 (K) financing. Duties and Responsibilities of a HUD 203k consultant. | Role of a Consultant in 203 (K) Rehab Financing Through FHA
Role of a Consultant in 203 (K) Rehab Financing Through FHA
Initial Site Visit
Architectural Exhibits, Detailed Work Write-up and Cost Estimates
Choosing a Contractor
Loan Closing
Draw Request Inspections
| Role of a Consultant in FHA 203 (K) financing. Duties and Responsibilities of a HUD 203k consultant.
Role of a Consultant in 203 (K) Rehab Financing Through FHA
Home buyers planning on securing FHA 203k financing must work closely with 203k consultants to co-ordinate the various steps involved through out the process.
If the residential property being considered for purchase by the buyer is in need of repairs and the scope of the work to be done exceeds beyond the 203k streamline guidelines, then the following essential steps involves the involvement of a HUD-accepted 203k consultant.
Initial Site Visit
Call up a local 203k consultant listed on the HUD consultant roster and schedule an appointment for the site visit. The entire list of approved 203k consultant list in each state can be accessed through the HUD website.
Upon visiting the site, the consultant will perform a thorough examination of the property and provides with an assessment about the project's feasibility under the 203k loan requirements. If the consultant determines that the project is indeed feasible, a formal agreement is signed and the buyer pays a retainer fee. The exact fee to be paid depends on the cost of the proposed repair work. The HUD stipulated fee amounts to be paid to the consultant can be figured out using the general fee schedule.
Architectural Exhibits, Detailed Work Write-up and Cost Estimates
Based on the initial site visit and inputs from buyer regarding their renovation plans, the 203k consultant will prepare a concise document regarding the project's scope and specifications. Architectural exhibits along with a detailed cost breakdown for each of the repair tasks will also be included. Additionally, the 203k consultant will also prepare lender packages and contractor bid packages that contain everything mentioned above. Finally, draw request forms based on the work plan to be followed will be prepared.
Once the detailed work write-up is completed, a copy of the complete package with all the required documents is submitted to the lender, contractor and the borrower.
Choosing a Contractor
The borrower will then invite bids from contractors to complete the work listed in the consultant write-up. Before you proceed with the contractor bid process, make sure your 203k lender agrees to it. Most active 203k lenders may have pre-screened list of eligible contractors and they may stipulate that the work is done through one of them. If not, they may have a set of requirements for a contractor handling the rehab work. It is highly advisable to work with a contractor who is well aware of the 203k guidelines and understand the steps involved in it. If you are going to be working with a new contractor who has no prior experience, make them understand the draw process and the work completion schedule as determined by the 203k consultant in the write-up package.
Loan Closing
Once a contractor is selected and the loan conditions are satisfied, your 203k lender will schedule a closing that is convenient for you and the seller. After all the loan documentation has been signed, funds for repair work will be escrowed. From this point onward, the renovation work can commence.
Draw Request Inspections
The 1st draw will processed once the consultant determines that all the necessary permits have been issued from the local authorities. Depending on the completion of the work identified in write-up as per determined schedule, the consultant will make subsequent inspection visits and issues the 2nd and 3rd draw amounts.
After the 4th draw request, a punch list containing any unfinished, outstanding tasks is handed down by the 203k consultant to the contractor. The 5th draw, held as a retainage is issued after the final inspection. At this point, the project will be successfully completed with no unfinished tasks. A 203k lien release form that absolves both the borrower and the lender is entered between the buyer and the contractor. If necessary, certain warranties regarding the completed work may also be entered between both the parties.
The above mentioned tasks involve an active role of a 203k consultant. Try to find a consultant that can help you successfully guide through the various steps outlined above. | msmarco_doc_00_16167046 |
http://203kcontractors.com/ | Certified 203k Contractors® | |
SEARCH
EARN
FIND
REALTOR ®
PURCHASE AND REHAB YOUR HOME WITH AN FHA 203k LOAN
| Certified 203k Contractors® |
SEARCH
CERTIFIED 203K CONTRACTORS ®
Locate Certified 203k Contractors ® on a map or manually by State, City, and Trade.
Certified 203k Contractor® Search
EARN
203K CONTRACTOR CERTIFICATION
Learn about the Accreditation and apply online to earn the designation as a Certified 203k Contractor.
203k Certification Accreditation
FIND
203k Frequently Asked Questions
Looking for FHA 203k answers? Here are the answers to the most frequently asked questions on the 203k
FAQ's for the FHA 203k Loan
REALTOR ®
CE CLASS on REHAB LOANS
The director of the 203k Contractor Certification Program teaches a CE Class on rehab loans
FHA 203k CE CLASS for REALTORS®
PURCHASE AND REHAB YOUR HOME WITH AN FHA 203k LOAN
Most home buyers are turned off at the sight or even the thought of a buying a fixer-upper, foreclosure, or an older home today. Educated and informed home buyers, on the other hand, are utilizing the FHA 203k loan to buy and renovate their new homes with little or no additional out-of-pocket expenses. In fact, the FHA 203k loan is a tool used by savvy home buyers and home owners, successful contractors, real estate and mortgage professionals since 1978.
An FHA 203k loan is very similar to the traditional FHA loan. The main difference is that with the FHA 203k loan, the home buyer/home owner is adding money to their mortgage loan to finance any repair/improvement costs. Whereas the traditional mortgages require the property to meet certain condition requirements before the loan is funded, the FHA 203k loan allows the borrower to purchase/refinance their home and complete the repairs/improvements after the transaction closes. With the FHA 203k loan, a borrower can repair/improve his/her home without worry about the additional out-of-pocket expenses for the repairs/improvements.
The Standard 203k allows for complex rehab such as structural modifications, additions, landscaping, architectural/engineering drawings, and requires the use of a HUD approved FHA 203k Consultant. The renovation cost for the Standard 203k is $5,000 - FHA mortgage limit for the area in which the property is located (up to $1.4Million – some restrictions apply). Click Here to access the maximum FHA mortgage limits for all areas.
The Limited 203k version, on the other hand, is intended for uncomplicated and more simple rehab and will not allow for structural modifications, landscaping, etc. The renovation cost for the Limited 203k are $0 - $35,000 (some restrictions apply).
203k Benefits to Buyers/Borrowers
Renovate home with little/no additional out-of-pocket expense
Low down payment (3.5%)
Combine purchase/refinance + rehab funds into one low-interest, tax-deductible mortgage which is based on the improved appraised value
Include mortgage payments into 203k if home is not livable during renovations
Submit a strong purchase offer if presented properly to seller
Buyers face less competition from other buyers to purchase fixer-uppers, foreclosures or older homes that are outdated
Better opportunities for "good deals" on home purchases
Ability to purchase properties that may not meet FHA standards and complete the repairs/improvements AFTER the home is purchased.
Select from a larger selection of properties for sale (in any condition), including condos, townhouses, mixed-us, multi-family, single-family dwellings and those that do not currently meet FHA standards
When offer is presented properly to seller, 203k offers mean the seller does not have to fix-up or repair the property, but allows the buyer to include these items into their 203k mortgage and complete the improvements after closing using the buyer's own style and design.
203k Benefits to Home Owners & Sellers
Market property to more buyers
Allow buyers the opportunity to renovate, upgrade or improve to suit their tastes and preferences
No need to settle for low-ball cash offers
Current condition of property not required to meet FHA's property standards
Buyer is permitted to correct any property deficiencies after close of escrow
No more inspection concerns
Absolutely no repairs are required prior to close of escrow
Seller not responsible for cost of repairs/improvements
Transaction will close with property in "AS-IS condition
Closing occurs in 45 days
203k Benefits to REALTORS® & Lenders
Increase income by selling more homes and originating more loans
Raise real estate values by improving homes and neighborhoods
Decrease foreclosure inventory
Help buyers who previously could not buy homes
Help seller/owners with properties in outdated or fix-up condition
Spur economic growth by creating job opportunities for the construction/remodeling industry
Promote an under-utilized niche program that not many Realtors® or Lenders understand
Revitalize your community
Through the 203k Contractor Certification Program, contractors receive education on the 203k to help them better understand the complex nature of the FHA 203k Loan, such as HUD/FHA guidelines, paperwork, time lines, compensation structure, lender overlays, processes, eligible and ineligible items of the 203k. This education is required in order to earn the designation as a Certified 203k Contractor. To verify their 203k Contractor Certification status, contractors will be listed here in the 203k Contractor Directory, should display the Certified 203k Contractor logo and you can also request to see a copy of their Certificate of Accreditation.
Until 1995, HUD maintained a database of HUD approved builders. Since disbanding that approval status in 1995 (ML 95-97), HUD/FHA no longer certifies, approves or endorses contractors/builders, including those who want to do work under the 203k program. Instead HUD/FHA allows the borrower to hire whomever they want and requires the lender making the loan to determine that the borrower's selected contractor is "acceptable" to do the work by verifying the contractor's references, credentials, work experience, education and understanding of the 203k. Because lenders do not have an education program for contractors on the 203k loan, contractors complete the 203k Contractor Certification Program to receive the 203k education needed and get listed in the 203k Contractor Directory as the method of validating their understanding, experience, and competency in the FHA 203k loan program. The Certified 203k Contractors listed here on the 203k Contractor Directory have completed the 203k Contractor Certification Program, which means they know the guidelines, paperwork, time lines, compensation structure, lender overlays, necessary steps, recommended processes, eligible and ineligible items, as well as roles of the various participants (lender, 203k consultant, Realtor® and consumer) with the FHA 203k loan.
To learn more about the FHA 203k loan program, please review the information below and on the FAQ page. For more detailed assistance, please proceed to the Contact page. | msmarco_doc_00_16171832 |
http://203kcontractors.com/earn-certification | 203k Contractor Certification | Certified 203k Contractors® | 203k Contractor Certification
203k Contractor Certification
II. Fee ($850)
V. Benefits
VI. Continuing Education
Certified 203k Contractor® Application Request Form
Company name *
Name of Owner/Principal *
Alternate Telephone
Alternate Email
Website
| 203k Contractor Certification | Certified 203k Contractors®
203k Contractor Certification
The process of becoming a Certified 203k Contractor® starts here. After reading the information below (sections I-VI), contractor applicants may complete the online application request form at the bottom of this page.
I. Introduction
Earning the accreditation as a Certified 203k Contractor® and being listed on the National Directory of Certified 203k Contractors® for the FHA 203k loan (click here for National Certified 203k Contractor® Directory) involves education and testing as well as verification of credentials, references and residential remodel/rehabilitation/construction experience. The 203k Contractor Certification program enables contractors to have the necessary knowledge to master their role as a 203k Contractor, properly and efficiently participate with 203k renovation jobs, and to connect with customers, lenders, sellers, and REALTORS® who need a Certified 203k Contractor®.
The 203k Contractor Certification Program contains the education course for contractors for the FHA 203k loan and assures the borrowers, lenders, asset managers and REALTORS® who recommend or use a Certified 203k Contractor® of the most knowledgeable and experienced contractor for their FHA 203k loan needs. Created to ensure that contractors are properly educated, prepared and informed on the complexities of the FHA 203k Rehabilitation Loan, this education-based program is a prerequisite to getting listed in the 203k Contractor Directory, thus earning the designation as a Certified 203k Contractor®.
Because the designation as a Certified 203k Contractor® is earned and retained by the company and is not associated with any one person, the 203k Contractor Education Course must be completed, at a minimum, by the owner/principal of the company or the individual who holds the contractor license (applicable in areas where licensing is required for contractors).
II. Fee ($850)
The 203k Contractor Education Course includes the 170-page Certified 203k Contractor® Manual, 3-hour 203k contractor education sessions (conducted online and organized into 19 sessions), 2-hour HUD/FHA Webinar, and the 70-question 203k test. Contractor applicants will be required to read the Certified 203k Contractor® Manual, complete the 3-hour online education course and HUD/FHA Webinar, and must pass the 70-question test with minimum 80%
Then the contractor will complete and submit the 2-page application form (with supporting documentation) to allow its credentials and residential remodel experience to be verified. If the application is sufficiently verified and approved, the contractor company will be approved to be listed in the 203k Contractor Directory at no cost in one city - one trade , thus earning the accreditation as a Certified 203k Contractor. Selecting additional city-trades is optional. Additional employees (company staff only) are also encouraged to complete the 203k Contractor Education Course (no additional fee).
III. 203k-Experienced Contractors
Contractors who are experienced with both versions of the 203k (Standard & Limited) may be permitted to bypass the required education course if the following requirements are met:
Contractor must be lead contractor (e.g., General Contractor) on minimum six (6) completed 203k renovation jobs during the past 24 months (min 3 Standard 203k's)
The owner/principle or the individual who holds the contractor license (applicable in areas where licensing is required for contractors) must pass the 70-question 203k test with minimum 80% grade
Contractor's 203k project papers for 1 (one) FHA 203k renovation project will be submitted by contractor and reviewed/verified by the Director. The 203k Project Papers includes:
203k Consultant's SOR/WWU
Contractor's proposal/estimate/bid
Completed change order form
Completed draw request form
Contractor's 203k experience with both versions (Standard & Limited) will also be verified by contacting the 203k lenders, 203k Consultants, REALTORS® and 203k customers that the contractor will provide.
Bypass Application fee is $400.
If the 203k test score is minimum 80% and the application is sufficiently verified and approved, the contractor company will be approved to bypass the education course. Approval to bypass the required 203k Contractor Education Course is rare and typically occurs less than 2 times annually. With HUD/FHA's new 203k guidelines effective 9/14/2015, it may be very difficult to bypass the education course, because contractor applicants may not be familiar with these new rules. In fact, 203k experienced contractors will learn something new when taking the 203k Contractor Education Course, and contractors are encouraged to obtain the most complete and current information on how to properly participate with the 203k and efficiently integrate the 203k within their company. These standards ensure the integrity of the 203k Contractor Program and that all Certified 203k Contractors® will succeed with their participation of the 203k. If you or your company will not benefit from this 203k education, already has the most complete understanding of the 203k, and meets the above minimum requirements, you many add this bypass request to your online application request below.
IV. Process
(must be completed within 30 calendar days)
The 203k Contractor Education, Certification, and Accreditation process consists of the following:
Contractor applicants must read the all the information provided on this page (Sections I-VI), prior to completing the online application request at bottom of page.
Contractor applicants must read the About and FAQ pages.
Contractor applicants should add info@203kContractors.com to their email address book to ensure they receive the necessary communication.
Contractor applicants may then complete the online application request below.
Contractor applicants will be instantly emailed information on how to complete their 15 minute consultation (consultation ensures the contractor meets basic requirements).
Contractor applicants will receive instructions within 1 (one) business day on how to proceed with Step 2 of the 203k Contractor Education Program or will receive instructions regarding how to bypass the Education course if minimum requirements have been met.
Contractor applicants then receive access to the online education portal where the course materials (Manual, Test, Application) can be downloaded and proceed to complete the 3-hour online Education Sessions & HUD/FHA Webinar where the details of the FHA 203k loan program will be learned.
Topics learned during the 203k Contractor Education Program include, but not limited to: HUD guidelines, Standard and Limited 203k guidelines, payment/draw process, eligible and ineligible items, role of the 203k Consultant, mortgage lender overlays, minimum and maximum rehab limits, time lines, recommended procedures, qualifying questions, bid/estimate process, paperwork, sample forms and contracts, FAQs, the business side of the 203k, qualifying customers, etc.
Question & Answer session with the Director of the 203k Contractor Program, where the contractor's questions are answered
Contractor applicants then complete and submit their 70-question 203k test (minimum passing score is 80%) and their 2-page application with supporting documentation.
Upon passing the test with minimum 80% score, contractor applicants will have their formal 2-page application verified, which lists their license information, insurance, business references (subcontractors, lenders, Realtors®, etc.), customer references and company financial information. Verification of information provided on application is required for certification.
Upon application approval, contractor applicants will receive the Listing Agreement Packet to complete as the final step to earn the accreditation as a Certified 203k Contractor®.
Because the 203k Loan has very specific Government and Lender time lines, contractor applicants must complete the 203k Contractor Certification process in a timely manner, which is part of the accreditation process. This permits contractors to get acclimated with the strict time lines inherent with the FHA 203k Loan Program. Once the online application request is submitted below, contractors will have a maximum of 30 calendar days to complete the steps listed above.
V. Benefits
Extensive education on FHA's Section 203 (k) Rehabilitation Loan Program
Notifications of any changes to FHA guidelines that effect the 203k
Validate contractor's knowledge, understanding and/or experience with the FHA 203k Loan
Listing in the 203k Contractor Directory
Designated as a Certified 203k Contractor®
Connected with some of the Directors for Renovation Lending for national FHA 203k Mortgage Lenders
Access to and connected with the local 203k bank offices in contractor's service area
Certified 203k Contractors® receive various validation & marketing tools:
Certificate of Accreditation
Certified 203k Contractor® Logo (Logo Licensing Agreement required)
Press Release regarding contractor becoming a Certified 203k Contractor®
Benefits of the FHA 203k Loan Brochures (customized with contractor's information)
Free 203k marketing pieces to help your industry partners (Lenders and Realtors®) with the 203k Loan
Continuing Education opportunities
203k Real Estate CE Classes for your REALTOR® and Lender partners conducted by Paul Welden, Director 203k Contractor Program, who has been a licensed Real Estate Agent since 2005
Free support and assistance with FHA or 203k related items
VI. Continuing Education
Routine follow-ups (monthly, quarterly and annually) and Continuing Education are conducted on all Certified 203k Contractors® to ensure appropriate retention of the 203k education and proper administration of the 203k, and participation is required in order to retain the accreditation as a Certified 203k Contractor®.
Certified 203k Contractor® Application Request Form
Company name *
Name of Owner/Principal *
Name of person completing the online application request
Company Street Address *
Suite
City *
State *
Zip Code *
Telephone *
Alternate Telephone
Email *
(Enter email to be used for communication)
Alternate Email
Website
Brief Business Description *
Contractor Trade Categories *
General Contractor
Home Improvement Contractor
Appliances
Basement Waterproofing
Decks/Patios/Porches
Electrical
Exterior Siding - Vinyl/Wood/Stucco
Flooring
Foundation
Garage
HVAC
Insulation
Kitchens/Baths
Lead-Based Paint Abatement
Masonry
Mold Remediation
Painting/Drywall
Plumbing
Roofing
Septic/Well
Solar
Windows/Doors
Septic/Well
Foundation
Service Area or Metro Area *
I have read all the information on this Certification application page *
Yes
No
I have read the 'About' page (http://203kcontractors.com/about) *
Yes
No
I have read the 'FAQ' page (http://203kcontractors.com/faqs) *
Yes
No
I understand that most communication will be via email and will add 'info@203kcontractors.com' as an approved/safe sender to my email account. *
Yes
No
I understand there is a 30-day time limit to complete the program which begins when this form is submitted. *
Yes
No
Is your company a SAM Vendor for Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac? *
Yes
No
Is the owner/principal of your company a veteran of the U. S. Military? *
Yes
No
Is your company a woman-owned or minority-owned business? *
Yes
No
Is your company requesting to bypass the required education course, which one of the prerequisites is completing a minimum of six (6) 203k jobs during the previous 24 months? *
Yes
No
Who referred your company to become Certified?
NEXT STEP:
Instructions for Step 2 - Introduction/Consultation will appear on the screen after clicking the 'APPLY FOR CERTIFICATION' button below, and an email with the same instructions will also be sent to the email address (es) you entered in the form.
Step 2 - Introduction/Consultation must be completed within seven (7) days or the application request will be cancelled/closed.
By selecting 'YES,' I understand the next step information . *
YES
No
If you are human, leave this field blank.
Apply for Certification
Once you click "APPLY," instructions for Step 2 will appear on the screen and must be completed within seven (7) days. The same instructions will also be emailed to you. | msmarco_doc_00_16179106 |
http://203kloanrequirements.net/ | Site Currently Unavailable | Site Currently Unavailable
Site Currently Unavailable | Site Currently Unavailable
400_401_403_bgr
dots
site-currently-unavailable
Site Currently Unavailable
If you are the owner, contact your hosting provider for more information. | msmarco_doc_00_16192163 |
http://203kloanrequirements.net/fha-203k-consultant/ | Site Currently Unavailable | Site Currently Unavailable
Site Currently Unavailable | Site Currently Unavailable
400_401_403_bgr
dots
site-currently-unavailable
Site Currently Unavailable
If you are the owner, contact your hosting provider for more information. | msmarco_doc_00_16192545 |
http://203krehab.com/203k-consultant-fees/ | 203 (k) Consultant Fees : HUD 203k & FannieMae | 203 (k) Consultant Fees
203 (k) Consultant Fees
Tags:
Comments
| 203 (k) Consultant Fees : HUD 203k & FannieMae
203 (k) Consultant Fees
The 203 (k) Consultant insures all HUD minimum standards are met. The Consultant will walk-through the property with the Buyer, to incorporate any client desired improvements, make suggestions which the Consultant believes will enhance the home, as well as the HUD required improvements, which are in addition to the Borrower’s Desired repairs..
The Draw Request Inspections are required to insure all repairs are made pursuant to current building codes and that the finished structure is substantially the same as that upon which the loan commitment is based.
The Draw Request inspection fees which will be included in the Rehab Cost and will be billed to and paid by the lender’s Draw Request Disbursement Dept.
The below fees are paid COD, by the buyer at the time of the initial inspection.
203 (k) Consultant Fee Schedule
(pursuant to HUD Guidelines)
REPAIR AMOUNT
CONSULTANT FEE
$5,000-7,500
$400
$7,501-15,000
$500
$15,001-30,000
$600
$30,001-50,000
$700
$50,001-75,000
$800
$75,001 -100,000
$900
$100,000 and up
$1,000
Tags:
Comments
Comments are closed. | msmarco_doc_00_16192947 |
http://203krehab.com/how-to-finance-an-adu/ | How to Finance an ADU : HUD 203k & FannieMae | How to Finance an ADU
How to Finance an ADU
Home Equity Loans & HELOCS
Cash-Out Refinancing
Peer to Peer Lending Showing Promise
Good Old Savings Account
Communicate with Lenders About your Goals for the project
Tags:
Comments
| How to Finance an ADU : HUD 203k & FannieMae
How to Finance an ADU
Garage conversions, in-law units, granny flats and guest homes. What are the options for financing?
There is a lot to figure out when you are deciding to move forward with your ADU project. Attached or detached, zoning codes, permits, design, contractor estimates, the list goes on.
But without the proper financing, your project will grind to a screeching halt. With the recent rise of ADUs in California, lenders and banks are just now struggling to catch up to growing demand and specific loan products tailored to ADUs still have yet to be developed. Most homeowners today, rely on savings or home equity to pay for their projects.
In this article, we will review the top ways to finance your ADU project as well as advice about how to communicate with lenders effectively about your goals for the project.
Home Equity Loans & HELOCS
Home equity is the most common way for homeowners to finance their ADU project. It makes sense to leverage the stored value in your home when planning to make improvements to it that will ultimately cause it’s value to rise. When adding in the income that the ADU could generate in the years to come, home equity financing becomes a smart choice for many homeowners who need loans to build ADUs.
Home equity financing comes in two typical flavors; Home Equity Loans, which provide a fixed amount of cash available to you with a fixed repayment schedule, and is backed by the equity you own in your home. And Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOCS) which are also backed by the equity in your home, but are structured as revolving lines of credit that have shorter repayment terms and only charge interest on the balance you have drawn on the line.
While both options provide a clear path to financing for your ADU project, each product is more suited to specific situations, so it important to evaluate the expected timelines and cash outlays required for your project before deciding which product is the best fit for you.
Cash-Out Refinancing
A second option which is similar to Home Equity Financing but structured differently is cash-out refinancing. If you would like to change your mortgage provider entirely on your existing home loan, get a lower rate, or consolidate the new project financing into your existing home loan, refinancing could be the best option for you. In cash-out refinancing, the lender will look at the current appraisal value of your home, compared with the principal value remaining on your current mortgage. If your home has increased in value substantially since your purchased it, then you may be eligible to refinance it for the current appraisal value and get cash out based on your new equity balance. Ask your prospective lender about qualifying for a cash-out refinancing as an alternative to home equity financing.
Peer to Peer Lending Showing Promise
In addition to traditional lending products like home equity and refinancing, the Peer to Peer lending space has begun to show promise in recent years. A few innovative models are beginning to appear which are focusing on financing for residential property and provide homeowners new alternatives to consider.
Point.com provides homeowners a way to sell equity in their home in exchange for cash to finance renovation projects. This is a new concept which the company is pioneering to enable homeowners to align their investment in an ADU with other real estate investors who share in the risk along side them.
Another provider of P to P real estate lending is PeerStreet.com, which is currently focused on the real estate development market, has established an impressive track record with investors and could be looking to expand it’s focus to provide lending to a wider range of real estate investments in the coming years.
Keep an eye on this space, especially is if you are planning for your project a few years into the future.
Good Old Savings Account
Cash is king, and of course if you’ve been able to save for your project over the years, then maybe jumping through all of the hoops required to get financing for your project is not worth the hassle. Unfortunately, this is not the case for most homeowners who are otherwise perfectly qualified to build an ADU.
Many of the ADUs built today are financed mostly or entirely with the homeowner’s cash savings. The lack of specialized financial products for ADUs is a clear drag on the current production of ADUs in cities and something that we hope to help solve in the years to come.
If you are planning to build an ADU in the near term, it is certainly important to be sure that you have some cash savings in order to cover up front expenses for design, feasibility and permitting costs at a minimum, as these expenses could potentially be lost if the project turns out not to be feasible or the costs are outside of your original budget.
Communicate with Lenders About your Goals for the project
When communicating with lenders about your project, make sure to give them the facts of your situation, why you are building the ADU, eg. increased property value, extra income, or space for family and friends. Make sure that the use you are proposing is, in fact, allowed in your jurisdiction. It is also important to have a general understanding of how much the project is likely to cost, a timeline for permitting and completion and ideally the service providers that you plan to work with, eg. the architect and or contractors on the project.
Lenders will be looking at the usual aspects of your application, credit, home equity, assets and income, but they will also factor in aspects of the project that are relevant such as, expected value of the improvements to the home and the income that it will generate. Also, if the improvement is expected to generate savings for your family, such as consolidation of your family’s living expenses, this is important to note in your discussions with lenders.
The more organized and upfront you are with your lender about the project, the easier the process of securing financing for your project will be. It is also helpful to seek out lenders that are knowledgeable about ADUs as they can be helpful in sorting out the nuances of these projects in your local area.
Tags:
Comments
Comments are closed. | msmarco_doc_00_16194361 |
http://203krehabnow.com/fannie-mae-homestyle-renovation-mortgage-loan/ | Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan - 203k Rehab Now | Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan
Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan
Details On The Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Mortgage Loan Program
Type of work for HomeStyle Renovation Loan:
According to Fannie Mae: Homestyle Renovation Mortgage
Additional details regarding contractors according to Fannie Mae.
For Borrowers that want to Do-It-Yourself option.
| Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan - 203k Rehab Now
Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan
You are here:
Home
Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan
Details On The Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Mortgage Loan Program
The Fannie Mae HomeStyle Renovation Loan is our standard renovation program for Conventional Loans.
With this program you can perform all of the same renovation as with the FHA 203k but without all of the limitations since after all this loan does follow conventional guidelines.
The final loan amount can be as high as $453,100.00 (depending on where you live ) and luxury items such as a pool or spa may be installed.
This HomeStyle Renovation Loan contains one application, one closing, and one set of fees. You can put as little as 5% down and first time home buyers may qualify to put only 3% down. If you have 20% to put down then you will have the option to avoid mortgage insurance and opt out of escrows. Again, just another benefit of this being a Conventional loan!
You may start work on the home three calendar days after closing and funding. As your general contractor completes the work he/she may call for draws during the process. Funds will be released to the general contractor in accordance with the draw schedule agreed upon prior to closing.
Depending on the size of the project a Consultant could be required. If required, we will gladly help you locate one in your area. The Consultant will perform a feasibility study prior to the appraisal being done to ensure the scope of the work meets the program guidelines. He/She will also monitor the work for the duration of the completion time, which incidentally is 140 days.
This is also a great loan for current homeowners looking to remodel or upgrade their home. Some popular items have been landscaping, adding a pool or an outdoor living space, updating the AC/Heating units, etc.
Let's not forget about foundation issues in Texas. This loan allows for the repair of foundation and roof too!
With a refinance situation your first lien will be paid off, you will only have one closing, and you will eliminate the need for a Texas Cash-out loan.
Type of work for HomeStyle Renovation Loan:
Structural alterations and additions (with upfront approval)lement
Upgrade central air/heat
Repair termite or moisture damage
Remodeled kitchen and baths
Changes to eliminate obsolescence and reduce maintenance
Modernize plumbing, heating, AC, and electrical systems
Install or repair well or septic systems
Roofing, gutters, downspouts
Flooring, tiling, and carpeting
Energy conservation improvements
Major landscaping
Improvements for accessibility
New free standing appliances
Interior and exterior painting
Foundation repair
Addition of a pool
According to Fannie Mae: Homestyle Renovation Mortgage
The HomeStyle® Renovation mortgage provides a convenient and economical way for borrowers considering moderate home improvements to make repairs andrenovations with a single-close first mortgage, rather than a second mortgage, home equity line of credit, or other, more costly methods of financing.
The HomeStyle Renovation is a single-close loan that enables borrowers to purchase a home that needs repairs, or refinance the mortgage on their existing home and include the necessary funds for renovation in the loan balance. The appraisal is based on the “as-completed” value of the home not the present value.
The HomeStyle® Renovation mortgage permits borrowers to include financing for home improvements in a purchase or re-finance transaction of an existing home. HomeStyle Renovation provides a convenient way for borrowers to make renovations, repairs, or improvements totaling up to 75% of the as-completed appraised value of the property with a first mortgage, rather than a second mortgage, home equity line of credit, or other, more costly financing method. Eligible borrowers include individual home buyers, investors, nonprofit organizations, and local government agencies.
Description
Details
Loan Purpose
Purchase or limited cash-out refinance.
Loan Type/Term
15- and 30-year FRMs and all eligible ARM products.
Borrower Eligibility
One- to four-unit principal residences, one-unit second homes, or one-unit investor properties including units in condos, co-ops, and PUDs. Nomanufactured housing. Any type of renovation or repair is eligible, as long as it is permanently affixed to the property and adds value. Renovations should be completedwithin a twelve-month period from the date the mortgage loan is delivered.
Property and Renovation Eligibility
Eligible borrowers include individual home buyers, investors, nonprofit organizations, or local government agencies. Nonprofit organizations must provide additional documentation so that lenders can assess the viability of the nonprofit to repay the particularmortgage.
Additional details regarding contractors according to Fannie Mae.
Borrower must choose his or her own contractor to perform the renovation.
Lender must review the contractor hired by the borrower to determine if they are adequately qualified and experienced for the work being performed. The Contractor Profile Report can be used to assist the lender in making this determination.
Borrowers must have a construction contract with their contractor. Fannie Mae has a model Construction Contract that may be used to document the construction contract between the borrower and the contractor.
home
Plans and specifications must be prepared by a registered, licensed, or certified general contractor, renovation consultant or architect. The plans and specifications should fully describe all work to be done and provide an indication of when various jobs or stages of completion will be scheduled (including both the start and job completion dates).
For Borrowers that want to Do-It-Yourself option.
Borrowers can perform the renovation work themselves at the lender’s discretion (and where the state allows) provided that:
The Do-It-Yourself financing does not exceed 10% of the as-completed value. Note: Inspections are required for all work items thatcost more than $5,000.
The property is a one-unit owner-occupied home.
The reimbursement is limited to the cost of materials or the cost of properly documented contract labor (sweat equity may not bereimbursed).
Programs and guidelines changes happen often and are in some cases lender specific and/or state specific. Always contact a qualified Fannie Mae Homestyle mortgage professional for the most up to date program and guideline information.
To find out more about these products please call me today.
Photo Credit: Bill Shields Buyers Agent
For an FHA loan option similar to the Fannie Mae Home Style please check out the FHA 203k rehab loan.
Handling renovation loans Nationwide. Locally serving Dallas/Fort Worth, McKinney, Allen and Frisco. | msmarco_doc_00_16201123 |
http://203krehabnow.com/fha-financing-for-620-fico-scores/ | FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores - 203k Rehab Now | FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores
FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores
Share!
About the Author
| FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores - 203k Rehab Now
FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores
You are here:
Home
Blog
Mortgage
FHA Financing for 620 FICO Scores
Jan 12
0
It still exists…FHA financing for those who have limited credit or for those who may be credit challenged. We are still able to offer FHA financing for a new home loan with a 620 FICO score.
The first thing to point out is that credit overlays do apply so please call us today and let’s discuss your situation!
On October 4, 2010 the credit score guidelines tightened for FHA . At that time it wasn’t uncommon to hear that a borrower needed a minimum credit score of 620 along with three active tradelines. Recently you may have heard that banks have increased that minimum to 640 and some even as high as 660. Luckily we are not one of them. Our minimum credit score to qualify for home loan financing through FHA is still 620.
We will still require that as a borrower you have at least three active accounts (tradelines) all of which have reported for at least 12 months. That being said let’s say you only have your auto loan reporting on your credit report but you have been renting an apartment for the last 12 months and all of the utilities are in your name. Well, we are in good shape because we can verify through your landlord your rental history and through your electrical/gas/television company your payment history. This means you will now have three tradelines.
This relaxed requirement is also great news for Realtors who have clients maybe just starting out or who have maybe had some issues in the past. As a result of our unique stance on these changes we are still able to offer FHA financing to most qualified borrowers.
There are some compensating factors we look for with this loan. We do like to see that an applicant has a couple months of reserves (401k, savings, checking, retirement, etc). We also like to see a slightly lower debt ratio than on most FHA loans (ideally at or below 45%). Finally, we are unable to offer this as an FHA rehab loan with the exception of the Escrow Holdback program.
Please call me today for a pre-approval or if you are under contract but are having trouble finding a lender I would love to be of assistance, especially if your FICO score is 620 or above. We can help and would be happy to discuss the options with you!
Share!
Share
Tweet
Share
Share
Share
About the Author
• Leesa Sandoval • 972.725.9110 ⇒ I have been a Mortgage Loan Consultant in Dallas, TX for over 13 years, and I specialize in FHA 203k Rehab Mortgage Financing ..... ( Read Full Profile) | msmarco_doc_00_16208606 |
http://203krehabnow.com/frequently-asked-questions-about-renovation-lending/ | Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending - 203k Rehab Now | Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending
Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending
FHA 203k | HomeStyle Renovation | Escrow Holdback
Can the 203k program be used on only single-family homes?
How is the home appraised?
Can a 203k be used to purchase a HUD-owned property?
Is the 203k program allowed for use by investors?
What renovation loans are available for investors?
Can an Energy Efficient Mortgage (EEM) be used in conjunction with the 203k?
How are loan funds disbursed for the purchase and renovation?
Is a borrower allowed to do the rehabilitation work?
What if there are extra funds after renovation?
Is there a time limit for the renovation?
What if the home is not habitable during renovation?
Do I need a 203k Consultant for my project?
What is a contingency fund and why is it added to my renovation amount?
Have Questions?
| Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending - 203k Rehab Now
Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending
You are here:
Home
Frequently Asked Questions About Renovation Lending
FHA 203k | HomeStyle Renovation | Escrow Holdback
We strive to take the guess work out of Renovation Lending . Our products can turn any home into your dream home. From small cosmetic updating to major projects such as adding square footage or foundaiton repair, we have a product to help. Below you will find some answers to questions we are frequently asked but if you don’t find the answer to your question below please do not hesistate to contact us!
Can the 203k program be used on only single-family homes?
This program is eligible for use on single family homes as well as 1 to 4 unit buildings; including the conversion of a building from a larger number of units down to 4 or less. Following specific guidelines, the 203k mortgage can also be used on a condominium unit for improvement of the interior only.
How is the home appraised?
The appraiser is given a copy of the contractors bid documents to identify the repairs and remodeling to be done along with their costs. The appraiser then determines the value of the home after completion, “subject to” the improvements to be made. In some cases, up to 110% of this value may be used for loan approval purposes.
Can a 203k be used to purchase a HUD-owned property?
A 203k loan can be used to purchase a HUD-owned property that is determined by HUD to be eligible for a 203k.
Is the 203k program allowed for use by investors?
A 203k loan can be used only by owner occupants, local governments or eligible non-profits. However, an owner occupant can use a 203k loan to purchase and renovate up to a 4-unit building as well as multi-use building in conformance with certain guidelines.
What renovation loans are available for investors?
The Fannie Mae HomeStyle loans allow investors to purchase and renovate. Certain down payment and other restrictions may apply to please call for details.
Can an Energy Efficient Mortgage (EEM) be used in conjunction with the 203k?
Yes – the FHA allows the use of an EEM, which provides funds beyond the FHA loan limits and the buyers approved loan amount for improvements that increase the energy efficiency and lower the utility costs of the home. An energy audit must be conducted by an approved home energy rater to assure that the energy savings over the useful life of the improvements will exceed their costs. The total amount of an EEM mortgage can be up to 5% of the value of the property.
How are loan funds disbursed for the purchase and renovation?
At the loan closing, funds are disbursed for the home purchase and, based on previously submitted and accepted contractor bids, renovation funds are placed by the lender in an escrow. These renovation funds are then paid in draws to the contractors as the work proceeds with final payments following inspection at completion. The actual disbursement schedule, inspections and paperwork required are determined by the lender for each project and in conformance with FHA guidelines. No funds are released at the time of closing.
Is a borrower allowed to do the rehabilitation work?
While this is allowed under FHA and Fannie Mae’s guidelines, most lenders do not allow “self help.” This ruling was put into place to mitigate the risk associated with the loan.
What if there are extra funds after renovation?
Any funds left over following completion of the renovation can be used to make additional allowable improvements to the property. If not used for this purpose, left over funds will be applied to pay down the principal balance of the mortgage.
Is there a time limit for the renovation?
The renovation must begin within 30 days of the closing of the loan and must be completed within the time frame established in the loan agreement. The total time for renovation must not exceed 140 days.
What if the home is not habitable during renovation?
The Standard 203k loan does allow for up to three mortgage payments to be included in the renovation funds to cover the period when the home is uninhabitable during renovation. The habitability status of the home is determined by the 203k Consultant . A Streamline 203k, however, cannot be used if the home will not be habitable at any time during the renovation.
Do I need a 203k Consultant for my project?
If you are using the full version of the FHA 203k loan than the answer is yes. The full version will be used when structural issues such as foundation repairs are involved or when the total renovation amount exceeds $35,000.00.
What is a contingency fund and why is it added to my renovation amount?
The contingency will range from 10% – 20% of the amount of the bid. These funds are collected along with the amount listed on the bid from your general contractor and kept in escrow should something unexpected happen along the way. Should your general contractor needs the funds he/she will file a change order and upon review we will release the funds. If nothing unexpected occurs and you are nearing the end of the project it may be possible to use the funds for elective items.
Have Questions?
Call or Send Us a Message
Click To Contact | msmarco_doc_00_16211538 |
http://203krehabnow.com/how-long-does-it-take-for-a-va-mortgage-approval/ | VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take? - 203k Rehab Now | VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take?
VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take?
About the Author
| VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take? - 203k Rehab Now
VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take?
You are here:
Home
Blog
VA Mortgage
VA Home Loan Approval – How Long Does It Take?
Mar 08
0
The amount of time it takes for a VA mortgage approval varies depending on the amount of volume the lender has at that moment. It also depends on the complexity of the loan and how quickly, you as the borrower, can obtain all of the necessary documents.
Full mortgage approval can take anywhere from one to five weeks, depending on how complete and organized your paperwork is when submitted to the bank.However, our country’s economic crisis has resulted in tightened lending guidelines and longer processing and approval time-lines for all loans including VA mortgages.
While there are a few explanations as to why the entire process is now taking as much time as it does, the simplified reason is that there are now more underwriting guidelines and restrictions on the mortgage industry today.
Fortunately, there are ways that veterans and military families can ensure that their VA mortgage approval process will go as quickly as possible:
1. Keep Yourself Organized
It’s a good idea to keep a well-organized folder of all the documents that you will need to send to your loan officer; this will ensure you aren’t scrambling at the last minute to find your required paperwork. You should also keep records here of any messages or documents you receive from your loan officer.
2. Fully Understand Your Benefits
You should now have a good understanding of your benefits and VA home loans. Ask your lender any questions you might have.
3. Send Requested Documents ASAP
As obvious as this one may seem, it is often a problem. Be sure to send requested documents as soon as possible to keep the VA loan process moving along.
4. Ask Questions As They Come Up
If you have questions or concerns, ask your lender right away. Don’t wait until the very end of the process to ask, or else you risk causing a slowdown.
5. Do Your VA Lender Shopping Early
The sooner you select your VA lender the sooner the process can begin, and the sooner you can be at closing.
6. Work With A VA Loan Specialist
If you work with someone who has been through the VA loan process many times before, there will be far fewer errors and setbacks. The choice is obvious: work with an experienced VA lender.
7. Be Available
Make your hours of availability as flexible as you can. There will be questions that arise throughout the course of the process, and the faster you communicate with your lender, the faster your VA loan approval process will be. If you will be unavailable for a period of time (for example, current military personnel going into the field) let your VA loan officer know in advance so there are no surprises.
8. Be Able To Communicate Through Email
The majority of the loan process can be done without extensive phone conversations. Also, if your lender has your data saved on their computer, there will be reduced chances of having information lost.
9. Stay Updated
Ask your lender to routinely keep you informed of where you are in the VA approval process.
Share!
Share
Tweet
Share
Share
Share
About the Author
• Leesa Sandoval • 972.725.9110 ⇒ I have been a Mortgage Loan Consultant in Dallas, TX for over 13 years, and I specialize in FHA 203k Rehab Mortgage Financing ..... ( Read Full Profile)
Previous Post FHA 203k Rehab and Renovation Loan – Texas Next Post How Does VA Mortgage Entitlement Work? | msmarco_doc_00_16217967 |
http://203krehabnow.com/how-much-can-i-afford/ | How Much Can I Afford? - 203k Rehab Now | How Much Can I Afford?
How Much Can I Afford?
How much mortgage money can I qualify to borrow?
The Quick Answer:
Sample Mortgage Scenario:
$3000 multiplied by .3 (30%) = $900 max monthly mortgage payment
“Ballparking” a Qualifying Loan Amount:
Step 1) $900 a month divided by $7 = $128.50
Step 2) $128.50 multiplied by 1000 = $128,500 loan amount.
Other items to consider in your monthly budget:
About the Author
| How Much Can I Afford? - 203k Rehab Now
How Much Can I Afford?
You are here:
Home
Blog
Mortgage
How Much Can I Afford?
Oct 03
0
How much mortgage money can I qualify to borrow?
This is typically the number one question mortgage professionals are asked by new clients.
Of critical importance when considering mortgage financing: There is sometimes a difference between what a client *** can *** borrow and what they *** should *** borrow.
In other words, what makes for a comfortable long-term mortgage payment?
The Quick Answer:
If we’re simply considering the financial math, lenders will calculate your Debt-to-Income Ratio and generally allow for 28-31% of your gross income to be used for the new house payment with up to 43% of your gross income to be used for all consumer related debts combined.
Sample Mortgage Scenario:
Let’s use a gross monthly income of $3000 and a qualifying factor of 30% Debt-to-Income Ratio:
$3000 multiplied by .3 (30%) = $900 max monthly mortgage payment
This means that your mortgage payment ( Principal, Interest, Taxes, Hazard Insurance) cannot exceed $900 a month.
“Ballparking” a Qualifying Loan Amount:
Simple step: We use a safe average of $7 per month in payment for every $1000 in purchase price so…
Step 1) $900 a month divided by $7 = $128.50
Step 2) $128.50 multiplied by 1000 = $128,500 loan amount.
Remember, these are average ratios and guidelines set by most lenders for common mortgage programs.
Keep in mind, while most consumer debts are listed on a credit report, there are some additional monthly liabilities that may contribute to the overall qualifying percentages as well.
Regardless of how your personal income and credit scenarios factor in, it is important to consider your overall budget when trying to determine how much of a mortgage you should qualify for.
Other items to consider in your monthly budget:
1. Confirm all debts are taken into account
2. Any private notes or family loans
3. Short-term expenses – medical, auto repairs, travel, emergencies
4. Plan on additional expenses for the home such as water, electric, maintenance, etc…
5. Keep a cushion for savings and financial planning
It’s important to know how much you can afford before getting under contract for a new home. Call me today and let’s walk through the pre-approval process to determine how much you can afford.
________________________________
Share!
Share
Tweet
Share
Share
Share
About the Author
• Leesa Sandoval • 972.725.9110 ⇒ I have been a Mortgage Loan Consultant in Dallas, TX for over 13 years, and I specialize in FHA 203k Rehab Mortgage Financing ..... ( Read Full Profile)
Previous Post FHA Announces Changes in Texas Next Post Add Value to Your Home With the FHA 203k Loan | msmarco_doc_00_16221916 |
http://203krehabnow.com/understanding-the-difference-between-an-appraisal-vs-neighborhood-listing-prices/ | Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices - 203k Rehab Now | Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices
Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices
Appraisals:
Listing Prices:
The Verdict:
Related Appraisal Articles:
About the Author
| Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices - 203k Rehab Now
Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices
You are here:
Home
Blog
Mortgage
Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices
Mar 28
0
Understanding the Difference Between an Appraisal vs Neighborhood Listing Prices
Why is there such a difference between what my appraised value is and the price similar homes are selling for on my street?
It’s a great question, and you don’t have to be a mortgage professional or a real estate agent to understand the answer.
The distinction lies in the purpose of the two valuations and who is responsible for creating them.
Appraisals:
The purpose of an appraisal is to make sure that an independent non-interested third party verifies the “most likely” sale price based on the market value and condition of the home.
Appraisals are meant to be a realistic determination of the value of a home if it were to sell in the current market, in its current condition.
In addition, appraisers are governed by rules intended to standardize the subjective process of determining a home’s value.
Some of the key factors appraisers look at are: Location, above ground size, room count, bathroom count, style of home, condition of property, amenities, and market conditions such as how long it takes for home to sell and if values are increasing, decreasing or steady.
Appraisers are also asked to look only at comparable sales within a certain distance, usually one mile except in rural areas, and within a specified period of time, which is 3 months in the current market.
Listing Prices:
Listing prices on the other hand are influenced by the real estate agent, and but set by interested and often emotional sellers.
Sellers are not held by any rules when they list a home. In some cases, sellers take what they paid for the house, add what they have spent on improvements and even add amount for profit.
Often times, sellers will list their home based on the amount needed to pay for the real estate agent, closing costs and cover the amount of the mortgages.
Extra low prices are generally the result of an extra motivated seller that has to sell and move in a rush, so they’ll list their property below market comps in order to be the most competitive.
Throw in bank owned homes (foreclosed properties), and listing prices may be all over the place without a logical explanation due to an asset manager making decisions from another part of the country.
The Verdict:
While list price is never a good indication of what a home in your neighborhood is worth, appraisals are not an exact science that will determine the true value of your home either.
Some will argue that a home is worth what people will pay for it, so there’s obviously a little room for personal interpretation. Either way, the bank securing that piece of real estate for a mortgage loan generally always has the final opinion that matters the most.
_________________________________
Related Appraisal Articles:
Share!
Share
Tweet
Share
Share
Share
About the Author
• Leesa Sandoval • 972.725.9110 ⇒ I have been a Mortgage Loan Consultant in Dallas, TX for over 13 years, and I specialize in FHA 203k Rehab Mortgage Financing ..... ( Read Full Profile) | msmarco_doc_00_16225353 |
http://203krehabnow.com/what-do-appraisers-look-for-when-determining-a-propertys-value/ | What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value? - 203k Rehab Now | What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value?
What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value?
The Key Components Addressed In An Appraisal
The Site:
Design:
Condition:
Health & Safety:
Size:
Neighborhood:
Functional Utility:
Parking:
Other:
About the Author
| What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value? - 203k Rehab Now
What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value?
You are here:
Home
Blog
Mortgage
What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value?
Aug 03
0
What Do Appraisers Look For When Determining A Property’s Value?
Most people are surprised to learn what appraisers look at when determining the value of a real estate property.
The idea that a property is determined after the appraiser has completed their physical property inspection is a common misconception by homeowners.
However, the appraiser already has an idea of the property’s value by the time they have scheduled an appointment to stop by the property.
The good news is that you don’t have to worry so much about pushing back an appointment a few days just to “clean things up” in order to help influence the value of your property.
While a clean house will certainly make it easier for the appraiser to notice improvements, the only time you should be concerned about “clutter” is if it is damaging to the dwelling.
The Key Components Addressed In An Appraisal
The Site:
Location, view, topography, lot size, utilities, zoning, external factors, highest and best use, landscaping features…
Design:
Quality of construction, finish work, fixed appliances and any defining features
Condition:
Age, deterioration, renovations, upgrades, added features
Health & Safety:
Structural integrity, code compliance
Size:
Above grade and below grade improvements
Neighborhood:
Is the property conforming to the neighborhood?
Functional Utility:
Is the property functional as built – style and use?
Parking:
Garages, Carports, Shops, etc..
Other:
Curb appeal, lot size, & conforming to the neighborhood are obvious to the appraiser when they drive down into the neighborhood pull up in front of your home.
When entering your home, they are going to look at the overall design, condition, finish work, upgrades, any defining features, functional utility, square footage, number of rooms and health and safety items.
Be sure to have all carbon monoxide and smoke detectors in working condition.
The appraisal should be done by a qualified, licensed appraiser who is familiar with your neighborhood, and the type of home you are buying, selling, or refinancing, since the appraisal provides half the weight in any credit decision involving the security of real estate.
If you’re interested in what specifically appraisers are looking for, here is a copy of the blank 1040 URAR form that is used by every appraiser in the country.
_________________________________
Share!
Share
Tweet
Share
Share
Share
About the Author
• Leesa Sandoval • 972.725.9110 ⇒ I have been a Mortgage Loan Consultant in Dallas, TX for over 13 years, and I specialize in FHA 203k Rehab Mortgage Financing ..... ( Read Full Profile) | msmarco_doc_00_16229304 |
http://204.38.55.73/DNN6/ | Crawford County Library > Home |
You shop, Amazon gives! | Crawford County Library > Home
Click to view your library account, renew your checkouts,
pay bills online and more!
Calendar of Events
"Imagine Your Story"
Summer Reading Program
Encouraging children, youth and families to read and maintain reading skills through the summer.
This year's theme
inspires the imagination to
create whatever you dream!
Click for more details...
AmazonSmile
You shop, Amazon gives!
Amazon will donate 0.5% of the price of your eligible AmazonSmile purchases to the Friends of Crawford County Library! Just click and shop as usual. Bookmark it!
UPDATE:
DEVEREAUX MEMORIAL LIBRARY IS OPEN BY APPOINTMENT BY CALLING 989-348-9214
AND FREDERIC COMMUNITY LIBRARY IS OPEN FOR SERVICES.
THERE IS A LIMIT OF 10 PATRONS IN EACH LIBRARY BRANCH AT A TIME.
WE ENCOURAGE SOCIAL DISTANCING GUIDELINES AND MASKS ARE AVAILABLE,
COMPUTER TIME WILL BE LIMITED TO ONE (1) HOUR PER PATRON OR AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN.
DEVEREAUX HOURS ARE MONDAY-FRIDAY 9AM-5PM.
…..
FREDERIC HOURS ARE MONDAY-FRIDAY 9AM-5PM & SATURDAY 9AM-2PM.
While we're wrapping up construction, Devereaux Memorial Library's new drop box at the
north entrance is now available! Any item including DVDs and hotspots can be returned here
for your convenience. Look for the logs around the entryway.
Mission Statement:
"To be a resource and facilitator for intellectual and cultural growth and lifelong learning."
Crawford County Library System * 201 Plum St. Grayling, MI 49738 * Telephone (989) 348-9214 * Fax (989) 348-9294
| msmarco_doc_00_16232865 |
http://2048game.com/variations/ | 2048 Game - Variations |
2048 Game Variations
Learn more about 2048 Game
| 2048 Game - Variations
Play Now
2048 Game Variations
There are a number of variations of the 2048 game. You can find them listed below. This is the most optimized and fastest loading classic version.
Classic Version
Flappy 2048
2048 Animated Edition
2048 Tetris Mode
2048 Doggy Mode
2048 Reverse Mode
2048 Pokemon Mode
8402 (Beat The Computer)
Numberwang (Crazy!)
LHC (for physicist)
2048 Colors Mode
Speed Mode
2048 Artificial Intelligence
5x5 Board
6x6 Board
8x8 Board
Learn more about 2048 Game
Tips & Tricks
2048 Videos
2048 Quotes
2048 Variations
👾 Free Tetris Online
😍 Emoji Homepage
👨💻 Software Alternatives
Language
Sponsor links from above open in a new window. | msmarco_doc_00_16235075 |
http://2052.enclaveblythewood.com/ | The Enclave 2052 | Luxury Apartments in Blythewood, SC | The Enclave 2052 | Blythewood
The Enclave 2052 | Blythewood
Beautiful Open Spaces
Enclave Blythewood 2052
Clubhouse
Resort Style Pool
Surrounded by Nature
Welcome to The Enclave
Enjoy the Brand New Phase 2 of our Amazing Blythewood Community
Words from Management
Living in Blythewood
| The Enclave 2052 | Luxury Apartments in Blythewood, SC
The Enclave 2052 | Blythewood
Beautiful Open Spaces
Be one of the first to call us Home.
Enclave Blythewood 2052
Experience the New Phase 2 of the Amazing Enclave Blythewood Community
Clubhouse
Our clubhouse is packed with amenities designed specifically for you, the resident.
Resort Style Pool
Get some sun and take a dip in the relaxing swimming pool. Don’t worry about fighting for that last chair, because plenty of poolside seating is available for you to enjoy.
Surrounded by Nature
Experience the natural beauty of the Enclave with wooded walking trails and abundant, lush green spaces.
Welcome to The Enclave
View our interactive property map
Enjoy the Brand New Phase 2 of our Amazing Blythewood Community
This exclusive gated community secluded by natural wetlands offers an expansive array of design features and amenities. Inside your home and around the neighborhood, you’ll find luxurious features throughout.
Enclave Blythewood 2052’s tranquil location is just minutes from Downtown Columbia and less than an hour from Charlotte with convenient access to I-77. Here you’ll experience the best of both worlds surrounded by nature, while still being close to the best in shopping, dining, and entertainment Columbia has to offer. The Enclave is far beyond an apartment community…It’s an exceptional way of living!
Words from Management
Call us today to learn about our special rates!
Living in Blythewood
Discover Blythewood, South Carolina, a place where you can leave behind the stresses of city life without leaving the city behind. An extensive variety of outdoor activities as well as quaint dining and shopping establishments brings a small town lifestyle to the big city. Of course, the world-class shopping, theater, and cuisine are fabulous to have nearby as well.
Read More | msmarco_doc_00_16236019 |
http://205snewdeal.weebly.com/emergency-banking-relief-act-fdic.html | Emergency Banking Relief Act/ FDIC - 205's New Deal |
Emergency Banking Relief Act
FDIC
| Emergency Banking Relief Act/ FDIC - 205's New Deal
Emergency Banking Relief Act
Right after Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office, he declared a bank holiday. Banks before he took office were closing, and fearful people would withdraw their savings, instead keeping them within their own possession. So FDR closed all the banks in the country for four days. During that time period he asked congress to pass the Emergency Banking Relief Act. This act restricted banks from reopening from the bank holiday unless they had enough funds to meet their depositors demands. Reassured that banks were now safer to keep money in than before, people started to put their trust in banks again, and the bank system steadily grew.
Left: Depositors outside of a bank after it closed in 1929. Right: a political cartoon from the time of the great depression.
Click to set custom HTML
FDIC
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was put in place as a temporary government program by FDR as part of the Emergency Banking Relief Act. The purpose of the FDIC was too insure safety for the public when they trusted their money to banks. The FDIC provided people with deposit insurance. Deposit insurance guarantees safety of deposits in banks for people. If a bank insured by the FDIC failed, the government would make sure that the people who had deposited their money in the bank would get it back. The FDIC still exists today, even though it was originally intended to be a temporary program. | msmarco_doc_00_16238396 |
http://206footdoctor.com/diseases-of-the-foot/ | Diseases of the Foot – 206FOOTDOCTOR.COM | Diseases of the Foot
Diseases of the Foot
Arthritis
SYMPTOMS:
FORMS OF ARTHRITIS:
ARTHRITIS CAN BE TREATED IN MANY WAYS, INCLUDING:
Cancer
Freiberg’s Disease
Gout
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (AIDS related)
Kohler’s Disease
Maffucci’s Syndrome
Ollier’s Disease
Raynaud’s Disease
Sever’s Disease
| Diseases of the Foot – 206FOOTDOCTOR.COM
Diseases of the Foot
Arthritis
Arthritis is a disabling and occasionally crippling disease afflicting almost 40 million Americans. In some forms, it appears to be hereditary. While the prevalence of arthritis increases with age, all people from infancy to middle age are potential victims. People over 50 are the primary targets. Arthritis is an inflammation and swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints, generally accompanied by an increase in the fluid in the joints. It is often a part of complex diseases that may involve more than 100 disorders. If the feet seem more susceptible to arthritis than other parts of the body, it is because each foot has 33 joints that can be afflicted, and there is no way to avoid the pain of the tremendous weight-bearing load on the feet. Arthritic feet can result in loss of mobility and independence, but that may be avoided with early diagnosis and proper medical care.
SYMPTOMS:
Early morning stiffness.
Limitation in motion of joint.
Recurring pain or tenderness in any joint.
Redness or heat in a joint.
Skin changes, including rashes and growths.
Swelling in one or more joints.
FORMS OF ARTHRITIS:
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. It is frequently called degenerative joint disease or “wear and tear” arthritis. Aging usually brings on a breakdown in cartilage, and pain gets progressively more severe, although it can be relieved with rest. Dull, throbbing nighttime pain is characteristic, and it may be accompanied by muscle weakness or deterioration. Overweight people are particularly susceptible to osteoarthritis. The additional weight contributes to the deterioration of cartilage and the development of bone spurs. Rheumatoid arthritis is a major crippling disorder, and perhaps the most serious form of arthritis. It is a complex, chronic inflammatory group of diseases, often affecting more than a dozen smaller joints during its course, and frequently in both ankles, or the index fingers of both hands.
ARTHRITIS CAN BE TREATED IN MANY WAYS, INCLUDING:
Physical therapy and exercise.
Medication.
Orthoses or specially prescribed shoes.
Cancer
There are many kinds of cancers of the foot; some take the form of cysts and lesions, while others are more widespread. Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer that is very curable if caught early. Although it makes up only 1 percent of skin cancers, malignant melanoma accounts for over 60 percent of skin cancer deaths. It is estimated that approximately 30% of melanomas occur in the lower extremities, and that 3% occur in the feet. Neoplastic disorders, usually called tumors, are the result of abnormal growth of tissue and may be benign or malignant. Osteochondromas are benign bone tumors under the toenail. They form in the bone beneath the toenail. An osteochrondroma accounts for about half of all benign bone tumors, occurring mostly in children and young adults. Unless they cause irritation to the surrounding tissue, they are generally not very painful. Sometimes, they can deform the toenail and cause an ingrown toenail. In some cases, they are removed surgically, but can recur even after the procedure. A plantar fibroma is a benign tissue tumor or growth on the plantar, or bottom surface of the foot. Unlike plantar warts, which grow on the skin, these grow deep inside on a thick fibrous band called the plantar fascia. When non-surgical measures for treating plantar fibromas, such as orthotics, have failed to provide adequate relief of symptoms, surgical removal is a reasonable option.
Freiberg’s Disease
Freiberg’s Disease usually begins as a pain in the ball of a child’s foot; its onset is often linked to an injury to the growth plate of one of the long bones behind the toes called metatarsals. This disorder is most frequently seen in the adolescent between the ages of 13-15 years of age. It is three times as likely to occur in females as compared to males. The pain is a result of a loss of blood flow to the growth plate in the bone. Treatment consists of reducing pressure under the affected bone. This may consist of anything from using crutches to a custom insole for the shoe called an orthotic.
Gout
Gout (gouty arthritis) is a condition caused by a buildup of the salts of uric acid – a normal byproduct of the diet-in the joints. A single big toe joint is commonly the affected area, possibly because it is subject to so much pressure in walking; attacks of gouty arthritis are extremely painful, perhaps more so than any other form of arthritis. Men are much more likely to be afflicted than women. Some research suggests that diet heavy in red meat, rich sauces, shellfish, and brandy is popularly associated with gout. However, other protein compounds in foods such as lentils and beans may play a role. The main symptom of gout is waking up in the middle of the night with an acute throbbing pain in the big toe, which is swollen. Usually only one of the big toes is affected. The pain lasts for around three or four hours and will then subside and usually not return for a few months. It can be controlled by prescribed medications. The application of ice or cooling lotions will help during an acute phase. Specially-made shoes can sometimes relieve the pain associated with gout.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (AIDS related)
Kaposi’s Sarcoma is a cancerous lesion that can occur on the soles of the feet. The lesion is irregular in shape and has a purplish, reddish or bluish black appearance. Kaposi’s Sarcoma lesions tend to spread and form large plaques or become nodular. The nodular lesions have a firm rubbery appearance. The disease is usually associated with AIDS infection. It can occur without the concurrent AIDS infection, but this is very rare.
Kohler’s Disease
Kohler’s Disease is a spontaneous loss of blood supply to a particular bone in the foot. Treatments may include cast immobilization, reduced activities and foot orthotics or inserts.
Maffucci’s Syndrome
Maffucci’s Syndrome is usually associated with a bony prominence under the toenail. Some form of injury or trauma to the toe results in the formation of the bony irregularity or prominence.
Ollier’s Disease
Ollier’s Disease is usually associated with a bony prominence under the toenail. Some form of injury or trauma to the toe results in the formation of the bony irregularity or prominence.
Raynaud’s Disease
Raynaud’s Disease is a disorder that affects the feet. It is caused by contraction of the smooth muscles controlling the small arteries supplying circulation into the hands and feet. This contraction, or “vasospasm,” makes the arteries so small that they restrict blood flow. Exposure to cold temperature can often bring on a vasospasm. Raynaud’s Disease is most common in young women, and has no known cause. It typically is found in both feet and both hands.
Sever’s Disease
Calcaneal apophysitis, or Sever’s disease, is an inflammation of the growth center of the heel bone, or calcaneus. Growing children are the usual victims of the disease, which is caused by trauma or injury to the growth center of the heel bone. Activities such as running, jumping, going barefoot, participating in sports such as basketball, soccer, baseball, and tennis may aggravate the condition. Once the foot stops growing and the growth center is closed, the painful condition goes away. Treatment includes calf muscle stretching exercises, heel cushions in the shoes, and/or anti-inflammatory medications. Consult your physician before taking any medications.
Achilles Problems
Ankle Problems
Arch and Ball Problems
Common Foot Injuries
Deformities
Diabetes and Your Feet
Diseases of the Foot
General Statistics
Heel Problems
Nail Problems
Neuropathy
Toe Problems
Pain Management
Skin Problems | msmarco_doc_00_16240138 |
http://207.81.223.175/frsfreq.htm | List Of FRS/GMRS Frequencies And CTCSS Tones | List Of FRS/GMRS Frequencies And CTCSS Tones
List Of FRS/GMRS Frequencies And CTCSS Tones
Here is a list of the FRS & GMRS Channels and their Frequency assignments:
Channel
Use
Frequency (MHz)
Channel
Use
Frequency (MHz)
1
FRS/GMRS
462.5625
12
FRS
467.6625
2
FRS/GMRS
462.5875
13
FRS
467.6875
3
FRS/GMRS
462.6125
14
FRS
467.7125
4
FRS/GMRS
462.6375
15
GMRS
462.5500
5
FRS/GMRS
462.6625
16
GMRS
462.5750
6
FRS/GMRS
462.6875
17
GMRS
462.6000
7
FRS/GMRS
462.7125
18
GMRS
462.6250
8
FRS
467.5625
19
GMRS
462.6500
9
FRS
467.5875
20
GMRS
462.6750
10
FRS
467.6125
21
GMRS
462.7000
11
FRS
467.6375
22
GMRS
462.7250
And, a list of CTCSS tones (Quiet Codes):
Channel
Frequency (Hz)
Channel
Frequency (Hz)
1
67.0
20
131.8
2
71.9
21
136.5
3
74.4
22
141.3
4
77.0
23
146.2
5
79.7
24
151.4
6
82.5
25
156.7
7
85.4
26
162.2
8
88.5
27
167.9
9
81.5
28
173.8
10
94.8
29
179.9
11
87.4
30
186.2
12
100.0
31
192.8
13
103.5
32
203.5
14
107.2
33
210.7
15
110.9
34
218.1
16
114.8
35
225.7
17
118.8
36
233.6
18
123.0
37
241.8
19
127.3
38
250.3
These frequencies and tones are common to all FRS and GMRS radios in existence. Any combination of the two can be used when communicating between family and friends when hiking, shopping, car-to-car, or any other possible use that you may have.
Please note that these tones, despite retailer advertising, do NOT provide privacy to your conversation. While using these tones, you may only hear others on the frequency using the same tone; however, anyone with an FRS/GMRS radio (with the same tone or even without a tone at all), or even a scanner tuned to the correct frequency, can hear your conversation clearly, if they are within range. The CTCSS tone system was not designed for communications privacy, so much as it was designed to keep the user from being pestered by communications or interference he/she does not wish to hear. It is also used in the Amateur Radio spectrum, particularly on repeater systems that are located in areas where interference is a major problem.
2647 hits since January 1, 2021.
Back To The Top .
Or, Return To The Communications Page . | msmarco_doc_00_16248589 | |
http://207sci.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/0/2/82028454/2._spiders.pdf | Task 1: Introduction to spider silk Watch and summarize
Task 1: Introduction to spider silk
LT: I can explore various resources in order to describe different types of silk and why traits for silk flexibility can vary within a family of Darwin’s bark spiders.
Watch and summarizethe following videos which will allow you to meet a scientist who is researching traits in spiders. She is especially interested in the different kinds of spider silk. We will focus on these traits throughout the extended task.
https://sites.google.com/a/ps207tigers.org/207sci/spiders
https://sites.google.com/a/ps207tigers.org/207sci/spiders-in-the-lab
Eye color is a feature. People have different traits for eye color. For example, they could have blue, brown, or green eyes. Silk flexibility is also feature. All of the Darwin’s bark spiders have this feature (They all have spider silk that has some flexibility), but some spiders make silk that is more flexible than other spiders' silk. High, medium, and low silk flexibility are different traits for the silk flexibility feature. This image shows the spider family, which students will be researching throughout the unit.
Read and take notes that describe different types of silk and why traits for silk can vary.
Different Silks for Different Functions
Deep inside the body of a spider, specialized cells produce protein molecules that are much longer than ordinary protein molecules. These long protein molecules connect to form an amazing material: spider silk.
Spiders use their silk to build strong webs, to trap bugs, to save themselves from falling, to wrap their eggs safely, and even to glide through the air. How can one material—spider silk—be used for so many different functions? Different uses for spider silk are possible because not all spider silk is the same: there are many variations, or differences, in spider silk. This is because there are different features of spider silk, such as strength, stickiness, stretchiness, and color. For each of these features, there are several possible traits. For example, for the feature of silk color, a spider might have the trait of making gray, white, or even golden- colored silk.
Spiders have different traits for each feature because of differences in the protein molecules that make up the silk. The cells of different spiders make different kinds of protein molecules, and these molecules combine to make different kinds of silk. This means that the kind of protein molecules a spider makes for a feature determine its trait for that feature.
Spider Silk for Gliding Through the Air
A tiny spider climbs to the tip of a leaf. It stands up high on its legs, tilts its body upward, and shoots out several threads of fine, wispy silk. The wind catches the silk and it becomes a kind of sail, lifting the spider into the air. The spider glides away under its silk sail, traveling much faster than it could by crawling along the ground.
The weight of the spider silk is a feature. Some spiders have the trait for a kind of lightweight silk called gossamer silk. Gossamer silk is extremely light and fine because of the protein molecules it is made of. These proteins make gossamer silk perfect for gliding: the light silk catches the air, but doesn’t weigh the spider down.
Spider Silk for Spitting at Prey
A spitting spider prowls through the night, finding its way in the dark by feel. A small moth wanders into its path. The spider spits out a stream of sticky silk, waving it back and forth to cover its prey. The moth never had a chance!
Silk stickiness is a feature. The spitting spider has the trait for extremely sticky spider silk. This silk is so sticky because of the protein molecules that make it up. The silk also contains another kind of protein: venom. The venom paralyzes insects, making them unable to move. Once its prey is paralyzed, the spitting spider moves in to feast.
Spider Silk for Living Underwater
Imagine an animal that needs air to breathe but spends its whole life underwater. How could it possibly survive? Diving bell spiders manage to do it...with the help of spider silk. Diving bell spiders use their silk to build themselves tiny underwater homes.
To make its home, a diving bell spider weaves a waterproof net of silk and attaches it to an underwater plant. Then the spider gathers bubbles of air from the surface. It carries the bubbles down to the silk net, filling the net with air. When it is finished, the diving bell spider has a small air-filled chamber surrounded by a net of silk. Because of the protein molecules it is made of, the silk net holds air in and keeps water out.
Scientists have studied the air inside diving bell spiders’ homes. They’ve discovered something surprising: oxygen gas dissolved in the surrounding water comes in through the silk walls, giving the spiders extra oxygen to breathe. The silk net keeps water out, but lets oxygen in. That’s very special silk—and it’s all thanks to the proteins that make it up.
Spider Silk for Super-Sized Webs
You are boating down a river in Madagascar. You look up and see a spider web stretching from one side of the riverbank, all the way across the river, to the bank on the other side. This huge web is the work of a Darwin’s bark spider.
Darwin’s bark spiders build some of the world’s largest webs—as big as 82 feet across. To build such huge webs, Darwin’s bark spiders need to produce very strong silk. The strength of spider silk is a feature. Darwin’s bark spiders have the trait for extremely strong spider silk. Scientists only discovered these spiders recently, and they are studying the spiders’ silk to find out what makes it so strong. Because spider silk is almost entirely made of protein molecules, it may be something about the protein molecules that makes Darwin’s bark spider silk so strong.
These are claims about why the trait for silk flexibility varies within the spider family.
Copy the question and select one claimthat you feel best answers the question. Support your claim with reasoning.
Question: Why do traits for silk flexibility vary within this family of Darwin’s bark spiders? Claim 1: The offspring have mutations that affect their traits. Claim 2: The offsprings’ traits depend on which parent the offspring received more traits from. Claim 3: The offspring received different combinations of traits from their parents.
As we learn more about traits in this unit, we will return to these claims, determining how convincing they are based on the information gathered.
Task 2: Spider Trait Variations
LT: I can use a simulation to describe how protein molecule structure determines traits.
The three models represent three different protein molecules for spider silk.
The following model represents a strand of spider silk.
a. Which protein molecule do you think formed the most flexible silk strand? b. How did the structure of the proteins make this strand more flexible? c. Did any protein molecule not connect? How did the structure of this protein molecule affect its function?
Throughout this unit, we will be using a Simulation called the Traits and ReproductionSimulation. We will use this Simulation to help us learn more about variation in the traits of spiders.
Launch the Traits and ReproductionSim https://apps.learning.amplify.com/traitsandreproduction/ Compare spiders with high, medium, and low silk flexibility. 1. With your partner, find three spiders, each with a different trait for silk flexibility (high, medium, or low). Note: You and your partner should first each observe two different spiders, one on each device. Then, observe the third spider together. 2. Work with your partner to compare the protein molecules in each of the spider’s cells. 3. Record your observations in a data table and complete the “Silk Flexibility Model.”
Spider’s Name Silk Flexibility Trait Protein Molecule Structure
1
Enrichment: Collect more evidence about what determines traits at the molecular level. Use the Sim to add different proteins to a spider’s cell and observe how the proteins affect that spider’s trait. *You can add more protein molecules by dragging them into the cell from the “Possible Proteins” key at the bottom of the screen. Note: Proteins can only be added to the circular drop zone that appears in the cell when a protein is selected. Additional proteins cannot be added until the cell resets.
MSSCI_TR_CU_168
Traits and Reproduction—Lesson 1.4 © 2016 The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Permissions granted to photocopy for classroom use.
Traits and ReproductionModeling Tool Name: Date:
protein molecule options
2 3
Silk Flexibility Model
Show how different protein molecules determine each spider’s traits for the silk exibility feature.
Spider A high silk exibility Spider B low silk exibility
Task 3: Different Proteins for Different Traits
LT: I can collect text evidence that explains how organisms can make different proteins for a trait.
In previous lessons, we learned that the traits an organism has depend on the proteins in its cells. For example, differences in the structure of protein molecules in spiders’ cells result in different traits for silk flexibility. We also saw that different organisms have different protein molecules, resulting in trait variation. Our next question relates to why organisms make different protein molecules for a particular feature. Once you have a better understanding of this, it will bring you closer to assisting Bay Medical Company in determining how they can breed spiders with the trait for medium silk flexibility.
Dr. Sattari from Bay Medical Company sent us an article. It’s not about spider research. Instead, it is about a blood disorder called hemophilia, which is caused by differences in proteins. This article will help you understand how organisms can make different proteins for a trait in their cells.
Read and take notes on the following article:
Hemophilia, Proteins, and Genes
You fall off your bike and scrape your knee. Blood drips out, but soon a scab starts to form and the bleeding stops. Sounds simple, doesn’t it? However, if you could zoom in to see what’s happening on a molecular scale, it’s not simple at all. Your blood includes thirteen different protein molecules called clotting factors.
When you injure yourself, these clotting factor proteins all connect and work together to form a solid clot (also known as a scab). If you were missing even ONE of those thirteen proteins, the clot wouldn’t form, and the dangerous bleeding would continue. This is exactly what happens in a disease called hemophilia (HEE-mo- FEEL-ya). People with hemophilia are missing one of the proteins needed for blood clotting.
Causes of Hemophilia
People with hemophilia are missing clotting factor proteins because of a problem with their genes. Different genes carry instructions for making different proteins. For every gene, there may be several possible versions. (Different versions of a gene can also be called alleles.) An organism has two copies of each gene. Those gene copies can either be the same version (homozygous) or different versions (heterozygous). If the gene copies are homozygous, just one type of protein is produced, since both gene copies give the same instructions. If the gene copies are heterozygous, two types of protein are produced, since each gene copy gives a somewhat different instruction.
People with hemophilia have a version of the gene that doesn’t have the right instructions for making clotting factor protein. Without the right instructions, their cells can’t make that protein—or they make a protein that doesn’t work. Without functional clotting factor protein, the proteins in their blood can’t make the connections needed to form clots and build scabs. Healthy people have at least one copy of the gene version that provides the right instructions for making all of the clotting factor proteins.
Clotting factor proteins work together to bind blood cells into a clot that stops the bleeding.
There are thirteen different clotting factor proteins. This model represents a molecule of one of these proteins—the one most hemophilia patients are missing.
An organism with two gene copies that are the same is homozygous, while an organism with two gene copies that are different is heterozygous.
Being able to form scabs may seem so basic that it’s strange to think of it as a genetic trait like having brown eyes or having freckles. However, just like those other traits, the ability to form scabs is a trait that is determined by proteins. To have that trait, you need to have those proteins—and to make those proteins, you need to have the genes that give your cells the instructions for making them.
Treating Hemophilia with Proteins
Even though hemophilia is a serious disease, most hemophilia patients can live relatively normal lives if they get proper treatment. Hemophilia is caused by a missing protein, so doctors treat it by replacing that protein. Doctors inject clotting factor protein into a patient with hemophilia so the patient’s blood clots the way it is supposed to. Injecting the protein into the body does not change the proteins the body produces; instead, it supplies the protein the blood needs to clot properly. People with hemophilia need to have the missing protein injected into their bodies throughout their lifetimes because the injected protein will be used up. The patients then need to be injected again for their blood to continue to form clots properly.
For many years, the only way to get clotting factor protein was to separate the protein from donated blood. However, it takes a lot of blood to get just a little bit of clotting factor protein! Today, scientists can make lots of clotting factor protein by inserting human genes into hamster chromosomes. If you put the human gene for making clotting factor protein into the chromosomes in the nucleus of a hamster cell, the cell makes the protein. Even though it’s a hamster cell, the cell makes clotting factor protein that’s identical to clotting factor protein made in human cells. As long as the cell has the gene with instructions for making clotting factor protein, the cell will make the protein.
Gene Therapy for Hemophilia
Hemophilia can be treated using clotting factor protein, but it can’t be cured...for now, at least. Scientists are researching possible cures for hemophilia: cures that would get the patient’s own cells to produce clotting factor protein. For this kind of a cure, scientists would have to figure out how to fix a patient’s faulty gene for making clotting factor protein. If the faulty gene were fixed, the patient’s cells could start making clotting factor protein naturally. Working to fix or replace genes is called gene therapy. Hemophilia can’t be cured with gene therapy yet, but scientists are working on it.
Task 4: Modeling How Proteins Are Made in the Cells
LT: I can model the role genes play in building proteins.
Do genes build proteins, or are genes only the instructions for building proteins? 1. The envelope represents the nucleus. Each instruction inside the envelope represents one copy of a gene. 2. Two students will serve as readers. The other pair will serve as ribosomes. 3. The pair of readers should each take one of the instructions from the envelope and read it aloud to one of the student ribosomes. 4. The ribosome that receives the instruction should build the protein molecules accordingly. 5. After completing this activity, complete the following prompts:
1. In this modeling activity, what do each of the items below represent? Explain why. a. envelope: b. instructions: c. students building the protein molecules:
2. Draw and compare your two protein molecules. Are they the same or different? Why?
3. Select and copy the claim about genes’ role in building proteins that best fits considering the modeling activity you have just completed. c Claim 1: Genes provide instructions and build proteins. c Claim 2: Genes provide instructions for making proteins, but they do not build the proteins themselves.
Genes are instructions for making proteins, which determine the traits of an organism. There are different versions of each gene. Each gene version is a unique instruction for making a specific protein molecule. In the activity you just completed, there were two different sets of instructions. The instructions were for gene version A1 or gene version A2. Some groups had two copies of the same gene version while other groups had two different gene versions. Different versions of a gene can also be called alleles.
Task 5: Modeling Mutations
LT: I can use protein molecules to model how mutations happen.
What happens when there is a change to a gene? Using the protein molecules from the last activity, you will now model what happens when there is a mutation.
1. Take apart the protein molecules from the last activity. 2. Now, switch roles so that the readers are now ribosomes, and ribosomes are now readers. 3. The teacher will give each reader a new step. This represents a mutation in the gene. Place the new step over the indicated step number from your previous instructions. 4. Try to follow the new instructions to build a new protein. You can only add pieces to your protein if you are able to follow the instructions exactly.
5. Record your observations.
Copy and complete the following prompt: The change in the instruction caused the protein to: c be incomplete. (We couldn’t finish building the protein.) c no longer exist. c have a different structure. c have the same structure.
A mutation is a random change to a gene version. This means that the instructions to build the proteins change, which can cause the protein to be shaped differently. Mutations that affect the trait of an organism are very rare. Most mutations result in a new protein that does not affect a trait because it does not interact with other proteins. Very rarely does a mutation occur with instructions for a protein that will interact and affect a trait. Watch the video to learn more: https://sites.google.com/a/ps207tigers.org/207sci/mutations
Task 6: Comparing Spiders
LT: I can use a simulation to gather evidence about why some organisms make one type of protein for a feature while other organisms make two.
1. Launch the Traits and ReproductionSim https://apps.learning.amplify.com/traitsandreproduction/
2. Choose a feature to focus on. You can select any feature except body size.
a. By observing the cells for each spider, find a spider that makes only one type of protein for your selected feature.
b. By observing the cells for each spider, find a spider that makes two types of proteins for your selected feature.
3. Record your results.
a.feature observed:
b.name of spider that makes one type of protein for this feature:
c.name of spider that makes two types of protein for this feature:
4. List ideas for why you think one spider makes one type of protein while another spider makes two types of proteins for this feature.
5. Work to change your spiders’ genes so that both spiders produce the same proteins for the feature you selected.
6. Describe what changed and what you noticed.
a. What did you do to make the spiders produce the same proteins?
b. How did this change affect the spiders’ traits?
c.Describe what you did and observed in the Sim.
d. What differences did you notice in the Sim when you added proteins compared to when you changed gene versions?
4 .
oduction
ool
e:
spring Model
spring B y A y spring D y spring C y
0
ell ell ell ell sions sions sions sions
sion options:
F1 F2 F3
Task 7: Gene Inheritance Article
LT: I can use text evidence to describe if organisms can inherit a greater number of genes from one parent. People often think that an offspring looks more like one parent because that offspring received more genes from one parent over the other. Is this true? Can organisms inherit a greater number of genes from one parent? Take notes on the article to support or refute this claim.
Why Are Identical Twins Rare?
Everyone is different. We can recognize one another’s faces because every face is unique, with different combinations of traits like eye color, skin color, nose shape, and so on. All these differences are called variation. Where does variation come from? Genes instruct for proteins, which determine our traits. People have different traits because our protein molecules are different, and our proteins are different because our genes are different. Every human has a unique set of genes, different from anyone else’s...at least, almost all of us do.
Imagine knowing someone who looks almost exactly like you—so much like you that people often mistake you for each other. You are the same height, your hair and eyes are the same colors...even the shape of your smile is the same. If you are an identical twin, you already know what that’s like.
Identical means “exactly the same.” Identical twins look so much alike because they have the same proteins, and they have the same proteins because their genes are the same. How can two different people end up with identical genes?
How We Get Our Genes
We inherit our genes from our biological parents through the process of sexual reproduction. Each parent has a complete set of genes. These genes are organized on matching pairs of chromosomes. Each chromosome pair has two copies of each gene. However, the two copies of any particular gene can be the same version or different versions.
Identical twins are identical because their genes are the same.
Chromosome Pair
This is a simplified diagram. It shows a cell with just one pair of chromosomes. People don’t really have one pair: we have 23 pairs! That’s too many to show in this diagram.
Sexual reproduction involves special reproductive cells from both parents. The mother’s reproductive cells are called eggs, and the father’s reproductive cells are called sperm. Unlike other cells that have two copies of every gene, egg cells and sperm cells only have one copy of each gene, which means the cell only contains one version of each gene. If a parent has two different versions of the gene, some reproductive cells will end up with one version, while other reproductive cells will end up with the other version. Each time these special cells are produced, the division of genes is different and random. Every sperm or egg cell is unique!
Sexual Reproduction
While all other cells contain two gene copies, reproductive cells are different. They contain just one gene copy.
When the egg and sperm cells from two parents come together, fertilization occurs. Fertilization is when these cells combine to form the first cell of a new offspring. This new cell has two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Each parent randomly passes on only one copy of each gene, so there can be lots of possible combinations of genes passed on from two parents. The many possible combinations of genes are what give us variation.
Sexual Reproduction Possible Reproductive Cell Combinations
Reproductive cells can combine in lots of different ways. This diagram shows four possible combinations for just one chromoso me. Remember, humans have 23 chromosomes! The possibilities are practically endless.
All variation in humans comes from sexual reproduction. Identical twins DO vary from their parents; however, identical twins have the same gene versions as each other. How is this possible? To understand why, let’s think about the difference between identical twins and fraternal twins.
Not All Twins Are Identical
Many sets of twins are fraternal twins. Unlike identical twins, fraternal twins have different traits. They may have different eye colors and different heights, and can even be different sexes. There can be lots of variation between fraternal twins.
The difference between fraternal twins and identical twins has to do with fertilization. In fraternal twins, fertilization happens twice. A sperm cell from the father combines with an egg cell from the mother to form the first cell of one twin. At around the same time, a different sperm cell from the father fertilizes another egg cell from the mother to form the first cell of the other twin. The cells of these two twins inherit completely different combinations of genes from the parents. Because they inherited different genes, the fraternal twins will have different proteins—which will interact to determine different traits. Because sexual reproduction happens twice, and each time one copy of each gene is randomly passed on to each of the offspring, fraternal twins have lots of opportunities for genetic variation.
Fraternal Twins
Because fraternal twins inherit totally different combinations of genes from their parents, they can vary genetically.
How Identical Twins Get Identical Genes
On the other hand, in identical twins, fertilization happens only once. A sperm cell from the father combines with an egg cell from the mother to form a cell. Then this single cell copies itself and splits, forming two identical cells—the first cells of two identical twins. The cells of these twins inherit the same combinations of gene versions, because they were produced from the same egg and sperm cells. Because they have the same genes, the identical twins will have identical genetic traits.
Of course, even identical twins will develop in different ways over their lives, becoming individual people with different talents and experiences. One twin may train to become a muscular body builder, while the other may sit at a computer writing all day. Just because they inherited the same genes, that doesn’t mean they are the same person. Even identical twins aren’t identical in every way.
Identical Twins
Identical twins happen when one fertilized egg splits into two cells. The two cells have exactly the same genes.
Task 8: Gene Inheritance SIM
LT: I can use a model to describe if organisms can inherit a greater number of genes from one parent.
People often think that an offspring looks more like one parent because that offspring received more genes from one parent over the other. Is this true? Can organisms inherit a greater number of genes from one parent? You will the Sim to see if you can either support or refute this claim.
Traits and ReproductionSim https://apps.learning.amplify.com/traitsandreproduction/
As we are trying to determine if offspring can inherit more genes from one of their parents over the other, we need to carefully observe both Otis's and Anne’s genes. • Select the bristle feature. • Copy and complete the table below that compares Otis's and Anne’s traits and gene versions for the bristle feature.
Parents Gene Versions Trait Otis R1R2 Anne Dense
Model creating reproductive cells in the Sim.
• Select the spider named Anne. Drag the spider on top of Otis and hold until a dotted circle appears. Let go, allowing the two spiders to mate. • Press CREATE REPRODUCTIVE CELLS. Notice that the genes are color coded to indicate which is the sperm cell and which is the egg. (The male reproductive cell is green, and the female cell is purple.) • Focusing on Otis, notice that each sperm cell has only one copy of Otis’s genes. Some cells received a copy of the R2 gene version, and some received a copy of the R1 gene version. • Press RANDOMLY FERTILIZE. Observe the offspring and note which gene versions and traits the offspring inherited in the table below.
Gene version from Otis Gene version from Anne Gene Versions Offspring 1 R2 R1 Sparse Offspring 2 Offspring 3 Offspring 4
The offspring produced will not always have the same set of gene combinations. Each spider offspring can inherit any of the possible combinations.
Now that you understand how organisms inherit their genes from their parents, focus on investigating why the spider offspring have different traits for silk flexibility even though they have the same parents. Examine the traits and combinations of gene versions for each offspring. Then, record your observations.
Parents Gene Versions Trait
Gene version from ___ Gene version from ___ Gene Versions Offspring 1 Offspring 2 Offspring 3 Offspring 4
Task 9: Breeding Spiders
LT: I can use a simulation to test for the probability of a desired trait.
Mission: Help Bay Medical Company Decide Which Spiders to Breed Launch the Sim, and then determine which parents researchers should breed in order to produce offspring with the trait for medium silk flexibility. Record your results. Then, share your recommendation with Bay Medical Company.
Note: You may need to run multiple tests with the same or different parents.
Test 1 Gene Versions for silk flexibility Trait for silk flexibility Parent 1 Parent 2 What percentage of the offspring had the trait for medium silk flexibility? 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; 100%
Test 2 Gene Versions for silk flexibility Trait for silk flexibility Parent 1 Parent 2 What percentage of the offspring had the trait for medium silk flexibility? 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; 100%
Test 3 Gene Versions for silk flexibility Trait for silk flexibility Parent 1 Parent 2 What percentage of the offspring had the trait for medium silk flexibility? 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; 100%
Bay Medical Company should breed spiders with the following gene versions in order to produce the greatest number of offspring with the trait for medium silk flexibility. Parent 1: _____________________________________ Parent 2: _____________________________________
Task 10: Comparing Reproduction
LT: I can use text evidence to describe how types of reproduction determine variation among offspring. Read and take notes on the topic. Be sure to focus your notes on describing how types of reproduction determine variation among offspring.
Sea anemones are animals that attach themselves to the sea floor.
Sea Anemones: Two Ways to Reproduce
Can you split yourself in half to create a new you? You could if you were an aggregating sea anemone (ah-NEH-muh-nee). Sea anemones are animals that attach themselves to the sea floor. Most sea anemones have a thick stalk with finger-like parts at the top. They look a bit like plants growing out of the bottom of the ocean, but they are actually animals that eat tiny organisms they find floating in the water.
Aggregating sea anemones can reproduce asexually by splitting in half.
Splitting in half is a kind of asexual reproduction. Aggregating sea anemones can reproduce in two ways: through asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Either way, the end result is a new offspring sea anemone, so what difference does it make which way they reproduce? Actually, it makes a big difference. When a sea anemone reproduces asexually, the offspring anemone is identical to the parent anemone, with exactly the same traits. However, when anemones reproduce sexually, the offspring are similar to their parents, but not exactly the same. Offspring produced through sexual reproduction will have variations from their parents—differences in their traits that could make a big difference to their survival.
To understand the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, we need to get down to the level of cells. All living things are made of tiny cells—they are the basic building blocks of life, and they contain the genes that determine an organism’s traits. Asexual reproduction begins with a cell from the parent (you only need one parent for asexual reproduction!) dividing to become two cells. This kind of cell division is called mitosis (my- TOE-sis). Before it divides, the parent cell makes copies of the chromosomes that contain all its genes, so the new offspring cell contains a complete set of chromosomes (and genes) that are the same as the parent cell. This new offspring cell is what will develop to become the offspring organism. As the offspring organism grows, it will have the same traits as its parent organism because it has the same genes. Asexual reproduction is simple and convenient: the sea anemone doesn’t even need to find a mate in order to reproduce.
Sexual reproduction also begins with parent cells dividing, but the process is more complicated. For one thing, sexual reproduction requires two parent organisms instead of just one. In each parent organism, a cell copies its chromosomes and then divides in two—and then those two cells divide in two again. This kind of cell division is called meiosis (my-OH-sis), and it results in four special reproductive cells from each parent. A reproductive cell only has half of the genetic information that an ordinary cell from the organism does.
After the reproductive cells have formed, there’s still one more step to sexual reproduction. In a process called fertilization, two reproductive cells—one from each parent— come together to form a new offspring cell. This new offspring cell is what will develop to become the offspring organism. That new offspring has a full set of genes: half the genes came from one parent, and the other half came from the other parent. Because the offspring gets half its genes from one parent and half from the other, the new offspring cell has a unique combination of genes, different from either one of its parents. This new offspring cell is what will develop to become the offspring organism. With a new combination of genes, the offspring will also have a new combination of traits. As it grows, the offspring organism will be similar to its parents, but it won’t be exactly the same as either one of its parents. Sexual reproduction helps produce variation in the traits of the organisms in a population, and variation is important because different traits may be helpful to survival in different conditions. That’s why many organisms that can reproduce asexually (like aggregating sea anemones) also reproduce sexually.
1. How is asexual reproduction different from sexual reproduction?
2. How does a sea anemone reproduce asexually?
3. Why doesn’t asexual reproduction result in variation among offspring?
Task 11: Breeding Spiders
LT: I can use various evidence sources to establish a claim explaining why the trait for silk flexibility varies within the spider family.
These are claims about why the trait for silk flexibility varies within the spider family.
Question: Why do traits for silk flexibility vary within this family of Darwin’s bark spiders? Claim 1: The offspring have mutations that affect their traits. Claim 2: The offsprings’ traits depend on which parent the offspring received more traits from. Claim 3: The offspring received different combinations of traits from their parents.
Task 12: Venom Inheritance
LT: I can show how gene versions of siblings can be different from each other and their parents.
39
.3 .
oduction
ool
e:
sions
e Model
an be
sions sions
A spring B spring C
sions sions
V1 V2 V1 V2
1 2 3
eins
Task 13:
LT: I can describe how proteins and genes can determine running ability.
To: Student Researchers From: Dr. Ada Sattari, Lead Scientist at Bay Medical Company Subject: Research on Human Muscle Proteins 46 BAY MEDICAL COMPANY
At Bay Medical Company, we are working on several projects. So far, you have been helping us with our spider silk research. However, we now want to introduce you to another project.
One of our teams is conducting research on human muscle proteins. I want your team to take a look at the initial findings from their work with a protein called ACTN3 (ak-tin-in three). ACTN3 protein molecules connect muscle fibers, helping them contract more rapidly. As a result, the researchers think this protein might help people run faster.
To understand if the ACTN3 protein affects running ability, researchers conducted a test. They recruited a group of competitive runners and measured the level of ACTN3 protein molecules each runner had in their bodies. Then, they had the runners participate in a sprint (a short-distance run). During the test, the runners sprinted as fast as they could for 100 meters.
Scientists found that the runners who sprinted the fastest had the highest amount of ACTN3 protein molecules in their bodies; Runners who sprinted at an average pace had half the amount of ACTN3 protein molecules as the runners who sprinted the fastest. Runners in the test who sprinted the slowest had no ACTN3 protein molecules in their bodies.
Bay Medical Company have also identified two commonly known gene versions that help determine the traits for the feature of running ability: Al and A2. Al instructs for the ACTN3 protein. This is the protein that helps muscles contract more rapidly so runners can go faster.
Researchers tested three runners to see what proteins they had in their cells. For the running ability feature, runner 1 had only ACTN3 proteins in her cells. Runner 2 had ACTN3 as well as another type of protein in his cells. Runner 3 had no ACTN3 protein in her cells. A different protein for the running ability feature was found.
What are your thoughts on the results of the tests we completed? 1. Do you think that this evidence shows that the ACTN3 protein determines running ability? 2. Based on the proteins that were found in runners’ cells, what can you say about their genes?
Explain your ideas for question 1 using the words protein, trait, and feature in your response. Explain your ideas for question 2 using the following words: gene versions, heterozygous, and homozygous.
Task 14:
LT: I can analyze and describe evidence in order to support a claim about variant traits present in a family.
Can Genes Affect Running Ability?
The Human Muscle lab at Bay Medical Company has been studying the Alpha-actinin-3 protein (ACTN3 for short) found in the muscle cells of some people. They believe this protein molecule may affect the trait of running ability. Researchers think that the ACTN3 protein molecules help muscles move quickly. The experiments in their lab suggest that people with high amounts of ACTN3 protein are more likely to be sprinters (people who can run short distances very quickly).
During their research, they came across the case of the Smith family. Jackie Smith is 16 years old. She is a champion long-distance runner. She is training for the Olympics.
Jackie’s 20-year-old brother, Lincoln, is also a runner. He is a sprinter. He earned a college scholarship for sprinting and hopes to win a college race.
Jackie and Lincoln’s mother was a sprinter in high school and college. She competed in many races.
Jackie and Lincoln’s father has never been a serious runner.
It is unusual to find a family that has three competitive runners. It’s especially puzzling that Jackie is a long- distance runner, unlike her brother and mother, who are sprinters.
The lab contacted the family, but only Jackie, Lincoln, and their father agreed to participate in the Human Muscle lab’s study. Jackie and Lincoln’s mother decided not to participate in this research study, so information about her is not available.
Currently, researchers are working to understand why Jackie is a champion distance runner when no one else in her family has this trait.
We do not have Jackie’s mother’s test results, but we can reason about the combination of gene versions she likely has based on her husband and Lincoln’s gene combinations. We can also deduce this based on the mother’s trait for running ability. What combinations of gene versions do you think Jackie’s mother might have? Record possible combinations of gene versions for Jackie’s mother. Use this information to reason about and record Jackie’s possible combinations of gene versions.
Select and record a claim that best describes why Jackie is a champion distance runner when no one else in her family has this trait: Claim 1: Jackie's trait is due to her training. Claim 2: Jackie has a different combination of gene versions. Jackie's trait can be explained by the combination of gene versions she inherited from her parents. Claim 3: Jackie has a mutation in her gene for the ACTN3 protein. This mutation instructs for a protein that results in the long-distance running trait instead of the sprinting trait.
Consider why Jackie has a different trait for the running ability trait than the rest of her family. Analyze each of the additional evidence cards in order to support a claim.
Write a scientific argument that addresses the question: Why is Jackie an elite distance runner when no one else in her family has that trait?
To make your argument more convincing, be sure to answer the following questions: • Which combinations of gene versions do you think Jackie’s mom has? Explain your thinking. • Which combinations of gene versions do you think Jackie has? Explain your thinking. • How do Jackie’s gene versions relate to her trait for running ability?
Title
Microsoft Word - 2. Spiders.docx
Created Date
11/13/2019 3:26:47 AM
| msmarco_doc_00_16251070 | ||
http://207sci.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/0/2/82028454/3.12_metabolism.pdf | Task Page(s) Learning Target 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
1 Lesson 3.12: Metabolism
Task Page(s) Learning Target 1 2 I can use the Metabolism Sim to describe healthy body functions in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
2 3 I can describe molecules that cells need in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
3 4 I can evaluate evidence for quality in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
4 5 I can use a model to describe how molecules get transported to body cells in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
5 6 I can use the Metabolism Sim to describe how molecules get transported to body cells in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
6 7-16 I can create a model representing the changes to a body system caused by a condition that I read about in the “Patient Stories” article set in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
7 17 I can gather data about the molecules delivered to the cells in a healthy body and compare that to what happens in a body with a medical condition in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
8 18 I can describe how different body conditions are affected by molecules.
9 19-21 I can create models to show different scenarios and the resulting effects on the body and its systems.
10 22 I can use the Metabolism Sim to compare Elisa’s test results to the results of a Healthy Body and the Body with a Condition in order to describe why she might be feeling tired all the time.
11 23 I can present a diagnosis for Elisa, explaining why Elisa does or does not have one of the four conditions.
12 24 I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy.
13 25 I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy.
14 26 I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy during cellular respiration.
2
Task 1 Learning Target: I can use the Metabolism Sim to describe healthy body functions in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
1. Watch the following video and answer the prompt that follows: https://sites.google.com/a/ps207tigers.org/207sci/elisa-s-condition
a. a. Why do you think your new patient, Elisa, is feeling tired all the time?
2. There are a lot of things going on in the human body that are hidden or too small to directly observe. The Metabolism Simulation is a scientific model of the human body that simulates many things that happen inside the human body. Although this model is different from a real body, it is accurate in many ways. Because Elisa feels tired all the time, this indicates that something might be wrong in her body. To figure out what might be going wrong in her body, we first need to think about how healthy bodies function.
a. Launch the Metabolism SIM: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html
b. Select HEALTHY BODY from the menu.
c. Select OBSERVE.
3. Answer the following questions:
a. What happens to the food and air that enter this healthy Simulation body? b. What are signs you can observe when a human body is functioning properly? c. Which molecules are entering the cell? d. Metabolism is defined as the body’s use of molecules for energy and growth. Refer back to your claim about the possible reason why Elisa is feeling tired. Use the Metabolism Simulation to revise your claim.
3
Task 2 Learning Target: I can describe molecules that cells need in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
You are investigating why Elisa is feeling so tired all the time. You explored the Metabolism Sim and observed that in a healthy body, cells get certain molecules from food and air. Learn more about these molecules below:
Molecules Cells Need
When your body is healthy, it runs so smoothly that you probably don’t even notice it: without thinking about it, you can get up in the morning, breathe, laugh, dance, grow, fight off diseases, and live your life! But what makes a body healthy, and how does it stay that way? In a healthy body, all the systems work together to make sure every cell gets the molecules it needs oxygen, glucose, and amino acids. Metabolism is the body’s use of these molecules for energy and growth. We need to breathe in oxygen molecules from the air around us to keep our bodies alive. Our bodies get other important molecules, such as amino acids and glucose, from the food we eat. Amino acid molecules are the building blocks of proteins, and we get them from protein-rich foods like beans, meat, and eggs. We get glucose molecules mainly by breaking down foods that contain starch, such as fruits, vegetables, and grains. The oxygen, glucose, and amino acid molecules you get from air and food are the fuel your body needs to function every day. Without these molecules, your cells can’t do what they need to do to keep your body healthy. Many medical conditions cause problems because they can keep these molecules from reaching your cells consistently.
Many foods, such as eggs, contain protein. Large protein molecules are made up of smaller molecules called amino acids.
Many foods, such as bread, contain starch. Large starch molecules are made up of smaller molecules called glucose.
1. Where does the body get glucose molecules from? 2. Where does the body get amino acids molecules from? 3. Where does the body get oxygen molecules from? 4. What do you think could happen if the human body doesn’t take in one or all of these molecules? Why do you think this?
4
Task 3 Learning Target: I can evaluate evidence for quality in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
1. Work with your colleagues to decide which cards offer higher quality evidence. Record your answers. https://apps.learning.amplify.com/sortingtool/#/tool/74/level/12_Evaluating_Evidence_id_555
2. Discuss if there are any low-quality pieces of evidence that should be eliminated. Record your answers.
3. Identify which of the claims below are supported by evidence from the evidence cards:
Elisa is feeling tired: a. because she isn’t getting enough sleep. b. because she is not eating enough food or not eating the right foods. c. because she has a medical condition.
5
Task 4 Learning Target: I can use a model to describe how molecules get transported to body cells in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
We know that cells need oxygen, glucose, and amino acid molecules, and we know that the body gets these molecules from food and air. Now we want to know, how do the glucose, amino acid, and oxygen molecules get transported to every single cell in the body?
Today, you are going to create a classroom-sized physical model of the systems in the human body that transport molecules to and from cells. This will help you experience the way that body systems work in a different way than using the computer simulation.
Play Body Systems Modelvideo: https://sites.google.com/a/ps207tigers.org/207sci/body-systems
Each person in the group will play a role in the model. There are six Role Cards: three body system cards and three different cell cards. Choose your role.
Half the class will perform the model first, while the other half observes and takes notes. We will then switch.
The digestive system and the respiratory system should move closer to the Environment Station. The circulatory system should move to either the Small Intestine Station or the Lungs Station. Cells should move to the appropriate cell stations.
Move slowly. Only the students representing cells can use their voices to communicate as to what they need.
Questions:
1. What was the role of the digestive system? Respiratory system? Circulatory system? 2. How did all three systems work together? 3. What was the role of the cell?
6
Task 5 Learning Target: I can use the Metabolism Sim to describe how molecules get transported to body cells in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
We know that cells need oxygen, glucose, and amino acid molecules, and we know that the body gets these molecules from food and air. Now we want to know, how do the glucose, amino acid, and oxygen molecules get transported to every single cell in the body?
1. Launch the Metabolism Simulation: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html
2. Select HEALTHY BODY, and select OBSERVE. Make and record observations about how the different body systems work.
3. Feed the body sandwiches (which provide a mix of molecule types).
4. Focus on what happens to starch in the digestive system.
5. Turn off all the molecules except for starch and glucose. What do you observe?
6. Now repeat your observation, but this time turn off all the molecules except for protein and amino acids. What do you observe?
7. Finally, turn off all the molecules except for oxygen. What do you observe?
8. Which molecules from food and air end up in the cells in the body? Starch; amino acids; oxygen; glucose; fiber; protein
9. Match each body system to what it does: circulatory system digestive system respiratory system breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules takes in oxygen molecules from the environment delivers molecules to cells in the body
10. What questions do you still have about how molecules from food and air get to the cells in the body?
7
Task 6 Learning Target: I can create a model representing the changes to a body system caused by a condition that I read about in the “Patient Stories” article set in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
1. Choose an article from the article set “Patient Stories: Problems with Body Systems”and answer the following questions.
a. Which body system or systems are affected by this condition?
b. Which molecules are affected by this condition?
c. Describe what is going wrong in the body of a person with this condition that is preventing the right molecules from getting to the body’s cells.
2. Launch the Metabolism Sim: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html a. Choose the condition you read about below, and then select OBSERVE.
b. Feed and observe the body.
c. Record your observations and questions.
8
Anemia: Red Blood Cell Shortage!1
Anemia: Red Blood Cell Shortage
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: Shutterstock
Patient Stories: Problems with Body Systems
With every breath and every bite of food, the human body takes in millions of molecules. These molecules are so small that they can’t be seen under a common microscope, but the body can’t live without them. How can something so tiny be so important to the health of the whole body? When everything works properly, the body gets certain molecules from food and from the air. The molecules enter the cells of the body and provide everything the cells need to be healthy. Healthy cells make up healthy organs, and healthy organs work together in systems to keep the body breathing, moving, thinking, and releasing energy. The relationship between molecules and health isn’t just a cool idea: tiny molecules can actually make a person feel better or worse! Sometimes people get sick because their cells aren’t getting the molecules they need. When this happens, we say the person has a medical condition. Doctors often look for medical conditions when a patient’s symptoms don’t seem to be caused by something like bacteria or a virus. In many cases, people can manage medical conditions by taking medicine to make sure their bodies get the molecules they need. Read the following story to "nd out about a person whose body systems didn’t provide his cells with everything they need.
Anemia can make patients feel very tired.
Anemia: Red Blood Cell Shortage
My Story
A few months ago, I was feeling tired all the time. I tried taking it easy and getting extra sleep, but that didn’t help. I even started feeling like I was going to faint sometimes. My dad took me to the doctor, and she tested my blood. She said my red blood cell count was lower than normal, and the amount of oxygen in my blood was also lower than normal. Based on the blood test, the doctor gave me a diagnosis: anemia. I asked the doctor about anemia—I wanted to know what it was and how I got it! She said anemia means having fewer red blood cells than a healthy person does.
9
10
Asthma: Struggling to Breathe
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: Shutterstock
Asthma: Struggling to Breathe!3
Patient Stories: Problems with Body Systems
With every breath and every bite of food, the human body takes in millions of molecules. These molecules are so small that they can’t be seen under a common microscope, but the body can’t live without them. How can something so tiny be so important to the health of the whole body? When everything works properly, the body gets certain molecules from food and from the air. The molecules enter the cells of the body and provide everything the cells need to be healthy. Healthy cells make up healthy organs, and healthy organs work together in systems to keep the body breathing, moving, thinking, and releasing energy. The relationship between molecules and health isn’t just a cool idea: tiny molecules can actually make a person feel better or worse! Sometimes people get sick because their cells aren’t getting the molecules they need. When this happens, we say the person has a medical condition. Doctors often look for medical conditions when a patient’s symptoms don’t seem to be caused by something like bacteria or a virus. In many cases, people can manage medical conditions by taking medicine to make sure their bodies get the molecules they need. Read the following story to "nd out about a person whose body systems didn’t provide her cells with everything they need.
Asthma is a condition that makes it di!cult to breathe.
Asthma: Struggling to Breathe
My Story
I found out I have asthma. I would sometimes have trouble breathing, especially when I exercised during PE class. If I ran home from the bus stop, I would have trouble catching my breath afterward. It felt like my chest was tightening up, and it was hard to breathe. I would make a noise when I was trying to breathe, and my mom told me that was calledwheezing. I went to the doctor and she listened to my lungs, did some other tests, and asked me a lot of questions about when I have a hard time breathing. She said I have asthma. This diagnosis means that if something like exercise or dust irritates my lungs, the tubes inside my lungs swell up. When the tubes swell, they get narrow and not as much air can get through. That can make it hard to breathe.
11
Asthma: Struggling to Breathe when I need to use my inhaler or take a short © 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: Shutterstock
4! Asthma: Struggling to Breathe
How Asthma A!ects My Body
The doctor explained that asthma a"ects more than just your breathing. She said that when you breathe in, you pull oxygen molecules from the air into your respiratory system. In your respiratory system, the oxygen moves through smaller and smaller tubes deep into your lungs. Inside the lungs are tiny structures called alveoli (al-VEE-oh-lie). In the alveoli, oxygen molecules move from the respiratory system into the blood of the circulatory system. Your blood carries those oxygen molecules throughout your circulatory system, delivering oxygen to all the cells of your body. Because of asthma, the tiny tubes in my lungs were squeezing shut, and I wasn’t getting as many oxygen molecules into my respiratory system as a healthy person would. Because there was less oxygen in my respiratory system, there was less oxygen moving into the blood in my circulatory system. With too little oxygen in my blood, not enough oxygen was getting to my cells. Cells need oxygen! Without oxygen, cells can’t do any of the things they need to do for the body to function. I wasn’t doing well because my cells weren’t doing well.
How I Stay Healthy
The doctor gave me an inhaler to help me breathe when I have an asthma attack. The inhaler stops the tubes in my lungs from swelling, keeping the tubes wide and letting me breathe in more oxygen. The doctor also told me to be careful of certain things, like lots of dust. For instance, the playing #elds at my school can get really dusty. When that happens, I should try not to play sports outside. I still participate in PE class, but I tell the teacher break. Now I know what causes my asthma attacks and how to take care of myself so they don’t happen as often.
Asthma causes the tubes in the lungs to close up, so that air cannot pass through. People with asthma can use inhalers to keep the tubes in their lungs open.
12
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out!5
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: © iStock.com/MarkHat ! eld
Patient Stories: Problems with Body Systems
With every breath and every bite of food, the human body takes in millions of molecules. These molecules are so small that they can’t be seen under a common microscope, but the body can’t live without them. How can something so tiny be so important to the health of the whole body? When everything works properly, the body gets certain molecules from food and from the air. The molecules enter the cells of the body and provide everything the cells need to be healthy. Healthy cells make up healthy organs, and healthy organs work together in systems to keep the body breathing, moving, thinking, and releasing energy. The relationship between molecules and health isn’t just a cool idea: tiny molecules can actually make a person feel better or worse! Sometimes people get sick because their cells aren’t getting the molecules they need. When this happens, we say the person has a medical condition. Doctors often look for medical conditions when a patient’s symptoms don’t seem to be caused by something like bacteria or a virus. In many cases, people can manage medical conditions by taking medicine to make sure their bodies get the molecules they need. Read the following story to "nd out about a person whose body systems didn’t provide her cells with everything they need.
Diabetes prevents the cells in the body from getting the glucose they need.
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out
My Story
I was diagnosed with type I diabetes when I was "ve years old. You may have heard of the phrase “blood sugar.” When people talk about blood sugar they really mean blood glucose. Glucose is a kind of molecule that cells need in order to release energy, and all people have glucose in their blood. If you have diabetes, your level of blood glucose can get too high.
6 13
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use.
Where does that glucose come from? When you eat starch and other carbohydrates, your digestive system breaks them down into glucose. Then the glucose moves into your blood, and your circulatory system carries it throughout your body. If you don’t have diabetes, that glucose moves from your circulatory system into all of your cells. For a person with diabetes, it’s not that simple.
How Diabetes A!ects My Body
Glucose doesn’t just go into your cells automatically. Cells are actually very picky about which molecules are allowed to cross the cell membrane and enter the cell. In order to get glucose into a cell, the cell membrane needs to be unlocked. A molecule called insulin acts like a key to unlock the cell membrane and let glucose inside. Insulin is a protein molecule made in special cells and released into the blood of the circulatory system, which carries the insulin to every cell in the body. People with diabetes have trouble making insulin. Since I have diabetes, my body is not making enough insulin. Without insulin, glucose is locked out of my cells. The glucose molecules can’t get through the cell membranes—they just get stuck in my circulatory system. When that happens, the amount of glucose in my blood gets higher than normal. More important, my cells don’t get as much glucose as they need. Other molecules can get into my cells just "ne, but not glucose. When my cells aren’t getting enough glucose, they can’t function—and that can become very dangerous!
In a person with diabetes, there’s no insulin to “unlock” the cells and allow glucose to go in. Because the glucose cannot leave the blood, there is too much glucose in the blood. In a person without diabetes, insulin allows glucose to enter the cell, where it can be used to release energy.
14
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out!7
Diabetes: Glucose Locked Out
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: © iStock.com/MarkHat ! eld
How I Stay Healthy
To keep myself healthy, I’ve learned how to control the amount of glucose in my blood. I measure my blood glucose several times a day, and use the test results to decide what to eat and when. I also take a kind of insulin that is made in a lab. When I take insulin, my circulatory system carries the insulin to all the cells in my body. The insulin unlocks my cell membranes so that glucose molecules can move from my circulatory system into my cells. That way, my blood glucose doesn’t get too high, my cells get enough glucose, and I stay healthy.
People with diabetes must test the levels of glucose in their blood.
15
Injury to the Pancreas: Trouble Digesting!9
Injury to the Pancreas: Trouble Digesting
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: Shutterstock
Patient Stories: Problems with Body Systems
With every breath and every bite of food, the human body takes in millions of molecules. These molecules are so small that they can’t be seen under a common microscope, but the body can’t live without them. How can something so tiny be so important to the health of the whole body? When everything works properly, the body gets certain molecules from food and from the air. The molecules enter the cells of the body and provide everything the cells need to be healthy. Healthy cells make up healthy organs, and healthy organs work together in systems to keep the body breathing, moving, thinking, and releasing energy. The relationship between molecules and health isn’t just a cool idea: tiny molecules can actually make a person feel better or worse! Sometimes people get sick because their cells aren’t getting the molecules they need. When this happens, we say the person has a medical condition. Doctors often look for medical conditions when a patient’s symptoms don’t seem to be caused by something like bacteria or a virus. In many cases, people can manage medical conditions by taking medicine to make sure their bodies get the molecules they need. Read the following story to "nd out about a person whose body systems didn’t provide his cells with everything they need.
An injury to the pancreas keeps the body from digesting food properly.
Injury to the Pancreas: Trouble Digesting
My Story
When I was a little kid, I got hit by a car when I was riding my bike. Luckily I was wearing my helmet, so I survived. Still, I was pretty badly injured where the car ran into my body. I had to go to the hospital and have some operations. I seemed "ne for a long time after that, but then I started to get sick. It felt like I wasn’t digesting my food right. My insides usually hurt after I ate, and I had diarrhea. I also felt tired a lot. My parents took me to see the doctor. After a bunch of tests, the doctor said that my pancreas must have been injured in the bike accident. He said I have chronic pancreatitis, which means that my injured pancreas isn’t
16
10! Injury to the Pancreas: Trouble Digesting
Injury to the Pancreas: Trouble Digesting
© 2018 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Permission granted to purchaser to photocopy for classroom use. Image Credit: (t) © iStock.com/Raycat
working as well as it should. I’d never even heard of a pancreas! The doctor explained that it’s a small but important organ that’s part of the digestive system. He said injury to the pancreas is a really unusual diagnosis, and that may be why no one "gured it out earlier.
How My Pancreas Injury A!ects My Body
The pancreas is part of the digestive system and makes lots of digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down food into smaller molecules, like glucose and amino acids, that are tiny enough to pass from the digestive system into the circulatory system. Because my pancreas was damaged, it wasn’t making as many digestive enzymes as a healthy pancreas would. Without enough enzymes, my body was having trouble digesting food—that’s what was making me feel sick. Most of the food wasn’t breaking down into molecules like glucose and amino acids, so not as many of those molecules were entering my circulatory system as they would in a healthy body. The undigested starches and proteins were just moving right through my digestive system and leaving my body as waste. My cells weren’t getting as many glucose molecules as they needed, which was making me feel tired all the time.
How I Stay Healthy
The good news is that scientists have "gured out how to make most of the enzymes that a healthy body needs. To stay healthy, I’ve been taking medicines with enzymes in them, and they are helping my body digest food much better. Now my cells are getting all the molecules they need. I still have a damaged pancreas, but I’m feeling much better.
The pancreas is an organ located underneath the liver and near the stomach. The pancreas makes enzymes that break down food into smaller molecules. Without the enzymes made by the pancreas, starch molecules aren’t broken down into glucose molecules. Medicines with enzymes in them can help people with pancreas injuries stay healthy.
No pancreas injury Pancreas injury
17
Task 7 Learning Target: I can gather data about the molecules delivered to the cells in a healthy body and compare that to what happens in a body with a medical condition in order to describe why a patient might be feeling tired all the time.
You will run some tests in the Metabolism Sim, observing both the Healthy Body and the body with the condition you’ve been learning about. You will gather data about the molecules delivered to the cells in a healthy body and compare that to what happens in a body with a medical condition.
Testing a Healthy Body
1. Launch the Metabolism Simulation: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html 2. Select HEALTHY BODY, select TEST. 3. Feed the Healthy Body: two corn, two fish, and two sandwiches. 4. Set the activity level to Walk. 5. Press play to begin the test and switch to Graph View to see the results. (Hint: You can make the tests faster by changing the speed of the Simulation.) 6. Record the results in the data table. 7. Repeat the test and record the results in the Trial 2 column of the table. 8. Record any additional observations in the space below the table. Trial 1 Trial 2 Total glucose molecules absorbed by cells
Total amino acid molecules absorbed by cells
Total oxygen molecules absorbed by cells
Oxygen molecules taken in per breath
Testing a Body with a Condition
1. Launch the Metabolism Simulation: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html 2. Select the body with the condition you read about, select TEST. 3. Feed the body with a condition: two corn, two fish, and two sandwiches. 4. Set the activity level to Walk. 5. Press play to begin the test and switch to Graph View to see the results. (Hint: You can make the tests faster by changing the speed of the Simulation.) 6. Record the results in the data table. 7. Repeat the test and record the results in the Trial 2 column of the table. 8. Record any additional observations in the space below the table. Trial 1 Trial 2 Total glucose molecules absorbed by cells
Total amino acid molecules absorbed by cells
Total oxygen molecules absorbed by cells
Oxygen molecules taken in per breath
Review your data and observations for the healthy body and the body with a condition. How are these two bodies different?
18
Task 8 Learning Target: I can describe how different body conditions are affected by molecules.
1. Create a sentence that answers each question, using one or more of the vocabulary words. Every word must be used at least once.
Note: Work on either the asthma and anemia questions OR the diabetes and pancreas injury questions, not both. oxygen circulatory system starch respiratory system cells digestive system
Asthma and anemia questions Diabetes and pancreas injury questions 1. What happens to oxygen in the body of a healthy person?
1. What happens to glucose in the body of a healthy person?
2. What happens to oxygen in the body of a person with anemia?
2. What happens to glucose in the body of a person with diabetes?
3. What happens to oxygen in the body of a person with asthma?
3. What happens to glucose in the body of a person with a pancreas injury?
4. What happens to glucose in the body of a healthy person?
4. What happens to oxygen in the body of a healthy person?
19
Task 9 Learning Target: I can create models to show different scenarios and the resulting effects on the body and its systems.
1. Read the following article which will help you complete remaining tasks:
© 201 The Regents of the University of California. Image credit: Shutterstock.
SCI_LS_MET_CU_79
Background Information: Purple Group
A. Model what happens to the circulatory and respiratory systems while a patient is hooked up to a heart–lung machine during surgery.
96-2+,)%68796+)6=A-8'%2&)(-*æ'908*36%(3'8368334)6%8)32%&)%8-2+,)%68@ ,)796+)321%=',337) 8378348,)4%8-)28T7,)%68%2(A-278)%(A97)%,)%68Q092+1%',-2)83(38,);36/3*8,),)%68%2(092+7@ -678A89&)7%6),33/)(94838,),)%68@ ,)7)89&)7'%66=3<=+)2O4336&033(*6318,),)%6883%6)7)6:3-6A36 ,30(-2+8%2/@ ,)&033(+3)78,639+,%238,)61%',-2)A'%00)(%23<=+)2%836A8,%86)13:)7'%6&32(-3<-() %2(%((73<=+)2838,)&033(@ ,-7-7979%00=;,%8,%44)27-28,)092+7@ ,)&033(-78,)24914)(&%'/-283 8,)&3(=8,639+,8,)89&)7-28,),)%68A733<=+)2'%2&)()0-:)6)(83%008,)')0073*8,)&3(=(96-2+796+)6=@ !,)28,)796+)6=-7'3140)8)A8,),)%68Q092+1%',-2)-7703;0=8962)(3**;,-0)8,)4%8-)28T7,)%68%2(092+7 6)791);36/-2+2361%00=@
B. Model how molecules get to the cells of the body when a person eats a meal of starch, protein, and fat.
%2=*33(7'328%-2*%8130)'90)7A32)3*8,)130)'90)78,%8')0072))(@ ,)*%8 130)'90)7-28,)*33(78,%84)340))%8%6)0%6+)130)'90)7@ ,)7)130)'90)7 2))(83&)&63/)2(3;2(96-2+(-+)78-32A.9780-/)4638)-27%2(78%6',)7@ 2>=1)7-28,)71%00-28)78-2),)04&6)%/(3;21378*%87-28371%00)6130)'90)7 '%00)(0-4-(7@ ,)7)71%00)6130)'90)7'%28,)2)28)68,)'-6'90%836=7=78)1%2( &)()0-:)6)(83')007;,)6)8,)=(37):)6%0-14368%28.3&7@
Heart–Lung Machine
Oxygenator Pump Reservoir
Arrows indicate the direction of blood flow.
blue = oxygen-poor blood red = oxygen-rich blood
20
© 201 The Regents of the University of California. Image credit: iStockphoto; Shutterstock.
SCI_LS_MET_CU_79
C. Model what happens to the body when a person holds his breath.
)6:)')007%88,)&%7)3*8,)&6%-2'328630,3;8,) 6)74-6%836=7=78)1;36/7838%/)-23<=+)2%2( 6)13:)'%6&32(-3<-()@!,)2%4)6732,30(7,-7 &6)%8,A8,)6)%6)',%2+)7838,)%139283*3<=+)2 %2('%6&32(-3<-()-28,)&033(@ ,)%139283* '%6&32(-3<-()-28,)&033(-2'6)%7)7;,-0)8,) %139283*3<=+)2-28,)&033(()'6)%7)7@!,)28,) 2)6:)')007()8)'88,%83<=+)20):)07-28,)&033( %6)83303;368,)'%6&32(-3<-()0):)07-28,)&033( %6)833,-+,A8,)2)6:)')0077)2(7-+2%07838,) 6)74-6%836=7=78)183-2'6)%7)8,)&6)%8,6%8)A;,-', *36')78,)4)6732,30(-2+,-7&6)%8,83)<,%0)%2( &6)%8,)*%78)6@
D. Model what Rachel’s body and cells would look like if she were getting an IV injection of glucose and amino acids.
31)8-1)7A%4%8-)28T7')0072))(136)+09'37)%2( %1-23%'-(78,%28,)=%6)+)88-2+@ 3()0-:)6136)3* 8,)7)130)'90)759-'/0=A%2967)36(3'836;-00-27)68 %2-286%:)2397I J(6-4-283%:)-2-28,)4%8-)28T7 %61@ ,3003;2))(0)-7-27)68)((-6)'80=-2838,) :)-2A8,)2))(0)-7%88%',)(83%89&)A%2(8,)89&) -7'322)'8)(83%&%+8,%8,%7+09'37)%2(%1-23 %'-(130)'90)7-2-8A1-<)(;-8,;%8)6@ ,)+09'37)%2(%1-23%'-(7-28,) +38,639+,8,)89&)%2(-283 8,)4%8-)28T7&033(786)%18,639+,8,)2))(0)@ ,-7%((7+09'37)%2(%1-23%'-(130)'90)7(-6)'80=-2838,) '-6'90%836=7=78)1A;,-',()0-:)678,37)130)'90)783%008,)')0073*8,)&3(=@
21 2. Each partner chooses a card from the set. (Do not let your partner know the card you chose.)
3. Read the Background Information for the scenario on the card you chose.
4. Launch the Metabolism Modeling Tool activity and make a model of the scenario: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/modelingtool/#/tool/73/level/23_Model_a_Condition_id_566
5. The first partner guesses first: use the Key and Background Information to decide which scenario you think your partner modeled.
6. Give feedback and revise the model with your partner if needed.
7. Switch roles: the second partner guesses the first partner's model.
a. What is one scenario that you modeled?
b. Describe what you showed in your model.
c. Use the test results for Elisa to identify which condition best matches Elisa’s results.
22
Task 10 Learning Target: I can use the Metabolism Sim to compare Elisa’s test results to the results of a Healthy Body and the Body with a Condition in order to describe why she might be feeling tired all the time.
Using the Sim, you ran tests and collected data on a model of a person with anemia, asthma, diabetes, or a pancreas injury. You also collected data on a model of a healthy body. Comparing to “normal” is an important practice of science and medicine.
1. Compare Elisa’s test results below to the Healthy Body and the Body with a Condition results. Does the evidence support the claim that Elisa has this condition?
Elisa's Test Results
Test Result Total glucose molecules absorbed by cells
19 Total amino acid molecules absorbed by cells
54 Total oxygen molecules absorbed by cells
273 Oxygen molecules taken in per breath
25 ** If you would like additional support comparing Elisa’s data to Sim data, ask your teacher for flowchart documents.
3. Discuss your evidence with your group and agree on a diagnosis. You can use the following sentence starters for support:
Elisa’s test results show that the amount of ______ molecules is normal, which means she does not have the condition I learned about. I know this because . . .
Elisa’s test results show that the amount of ______ molecules is low, which means she does have the condition I learned about. I know this because . . .
23
Task 11 Learning Target: I can present a diagnosis for Elisa, explaining why Elisa does or does not have one of the four conditions.
Part 1: Explaining a Healthy Body
Elisa feels tired because she has a condition that affects whether the right molecules are getting to her cells.
If her body were functioning correctly, this is what would happen with oxygen:
If her body were functioning correctly, this is what would happen with starch/glucose:
Part 2: Diagnosis For each claim below, identify if it is supported or not supported. Elisa is feeling tired because she has diabetes. supported / not supported by the evidence Elisa is feeling tired because she has anemia. supported / not supported by the evidence Elisa is feeling tired because she has an injury to her pancreas. s upported / not supported by the evidence Elisa is feeling tired because she has asthma. supported / not supported by the evidence
In medicine, ruling out different conditions is an important part of making a diagnosis. Now explain your diagnosis. You can start your argument by writing something like this:
“My group believes that Elisa has/does not have _____. I think that she does/does not have the _____ condition because . . .”
Then, explain how molecules move through the body when someone has the condition you investigated, and compare that to Elisa’s test results.
Read your argument and evaluate how well you did each of the following items listed below. I stated my claim clearly. I included evidence to support the claim. I made my reasoning clear by explaining how the evidence supports the claim.
24
Task 12 Learning Target: I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy.
As you know, our patient, Elisa, was feeling extremely tired. Based on your work, we now know that she has a condition that prevents glucose from entering the cells in her body. But why would having low glucose in her cells make her feel tired? What exactly do the molecules in your cells have to do with your energy level?
Which molecules do cells need to release energy?
Select the claim you think is most accurate. c Claim 1: Cells need glucose to release energy. c Claim 2: Cells need amino acids to release energy. c Claim 3: Cells need oxygen to release energy c Claim 4: Cells need glucose AND amino acids to release energy. c Claim 5: Cells need glucose AND oxygen to release energy. c Claim 6: Cells need ALL THREE types of molecules to release energy.
Gathering Evidence from Heart and Breath Rates Heart and Breath Rate Activity 1. Observe breath rate. Put a finger just under your nose to feel the gas leaving the body when breathed out.
2. Observe heart rate. Place two fingers gently on your neck just under your jaw (or on your wrist). Move your fingers around until you can feel a steady beat. Each beat you feel is a pulse of blood from one pump of the heart.
3. Exercise for one minute.
4. As soon as you stop exercising, observe your breath rate and heart rate as you did before.
5. Discuss your observations with your partner.
a. How did your breath change after one minute of exercise?
b. How did your heart rate change after one minute of exercise?
25
Task 13 Learning Target: I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy.
Gather evidence to answer the question: Which molecules do cells need to release energy?
Run three tests in the Sim. You will be measuring the length of time a healthy body can jog under three conditions: without glucose, without amino acids, and without oxygen.
For each test:
1. Launch the Metabolism Simulation: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html
2. Select HEALTHY BODY, and then select OBSERVE.
3. Pause the Sim and set the activity level to Jog. **For “Test C: without oxygen,” also press STOP for the breath.
4. Press Play and quickly feed the body as directed in the data table for that Test.
5. Switch to Graph View and wait for the activity level to drop from Jog to Walk.
6. Pause the Sim and record the length of time the body stayed at Jog.
7. For each test, do two trials. Compare the results of your tests to the control test in the first row of the table to decide if removing that molecule affects energy release. Discuss your ideas with your partner. Molecule observation test Trial 1: length of time jogging Trial 2: length of time jogging Control test: with glucose, amino acids, and oxygen (breath on, feed 1 fish and 1 corn) 100–132 time units 100–132 time units Test A: without glucose (breath on, feed 1 fish)
Test B: without amino acids (breath on, feed 1 corn)
Test C: without oxygen (STOP breath, feed 1 fish and 1 corn)
Revising Claims: Which molecules do cells need to release energy? 1. Discuss with your partner the evidence you collected, and then select the claim you now think is most accurate. Explain how the evidence supports this claim. c Claim 1: Cells need glucose to release energy. c Claim 2: Cells need amino acids to release energy. c Claim 3: Cells need oxygen to release energy c Claim 4: Cells need glucose AND amino acids to release energy. c Claim 5: Cells need glucose AND oxygen to release energy. c Claim 6: Cells need ALL THREE types of molecules to release energy.
26
Task 14 Learning Target: I can collect data that describes the molecules cells need to release energy during cellular respiration. 1. Launch the Metabolism Sim: https://apps.learning.amplify.com/metabolism/metabolism.html
2. Select HEALTHY BODY, and then select OBSERVE.
3. Feed the body as needed.
4. Slow down the Sim to x0.5 speed and observe closely what happens in the cell by pressing the yellow box (Cells in the Body) and then pressing the magnifying glass.
5. Observe what happens BEFORE and AFTER the chemical reaction.
a. Describe what happens in the cell before the chemical reaction.
b. Describe what happens after the chemical reaction.
c. What evidence did you see of energy release?
d. What molecules are needed for cellular respiration to happen?
e. What are the outputs of cellular respiration?
f. How was the chemical reaction we observed similar to what happens in the mitochondria in your cells?
g. How does what you learned today help explain why Elisa felt tired?
Because of her diabetes, Elisa had lower numbers of glucose molecules getting to her cells. This caused her to feel tired because…
Title
Microsoft Word - 3.12 Metabolism.docx
Created Date
11/2/2020 3:34:14 PM
| msmarco_doc_00_16295125 | ||
http://209.197.79.194/meaning-definition-of/ctfu | What does CTFU mean? CTFU Definition. Meaning of CTFU. OnlineSlangDictionary.com | Definition of CTFU
Definition of CTFU
CTFU
verb
Slang terms with the same meaning
Slang terms with the same root words
How common is this slang?
How vulgar is this slang?
Where is this slang used?
Link to this slang definition
| What does CTFU mean? CTFU Definition. Meaning of CTFU. OnlineSlangDictionary.com
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Since they have almost killed this site, I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. This will culminate in my release of an MBOX file including full headers. More here .
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Since they have almost killed this site, I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. More here .
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. More here .
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Details of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret start Monday August 17. More here .
Google has been lying about the penalty against this site for years. My conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty starts dropping August 17. More here .
← Previous - CTD
CTFU
cu - Next →
Definition of CTFU
CTFU
verb
acronym for " crack the fuck up ". That is, to " crack up " (laugh) intensely. See also the fuck.
Person A: <makes a joke>
Person B: ctfu ...
Ha! I remember that. CTFU.
See more words with the same meaning: Internet, texting, SMS, email, chat acronyms (list of).
See more words with the same meaning: to laugh.
Last edited on Apr 21 2013. Submitted by Walter Rader (Editor) from Sacramento, CA, USA on Aug 29 2010 .
+
Add a definition for this slang term
R
Related words
Usage
Vulgarity
SlangMap
Slang terms with the same meaning
Other terms relating to ' Internet, texting, SMS, email, chat acronyms (list of) ':
ion
Definitions include: "I don't".
srsly
Definitions include: "seriously."
ICYMI
Definitions include: acronym for "in case you missed it".
RTM
Definitions include: acronym for "read the manual".
TBH
Definitions include: "to be honest".
EOM
Definitions include: acronym for "end of message".
OMG
Definitions include: acronym for "Oh my God", a general-purpose exclamation.
DAE
Definitions include: "does anyone else..." or "does anybody else..."
bbygrl
Definitions include: " babygirl ", i.e. girlfriend.
A/S/L/R
Definitions include: see ASLR.
TY
Definitions include: acronym for "thank you".
plz
Definitions include: "please".
AFAIUI
Definitions include: acronym for "as far as I understand it".
FML
Definitions include: acronym for " fuck my life."
CBA
Definitions include: acronym for "can't be arsed".
( show 274 more)
Other terms relating to ' to laugh ':
LOFL
Definitions include: acronym for " LOLing on [the] floor laughing".
laugh (one's) *ss off
Definitions include: to laugh very hard.
jaja
Definitions include: spelling variant of "haha".
fall out
Definitions include: to react with overwhelming laughter.
heh
Definitions include: a laugh.
die
Definitions include: to stop working.
ROFLMFAO
Definitions include: acronym for "rolling on [the] floor laughing my fucking ass off ".
HA
Definitions include: "Hell's Angels".
LOL
Definitions include: acronym of "laugh out loud" or "laughing out loud."
ROFL
Definitions include: acronym for "rolling on floor laughing".
die laughing
Definitions include: to laugh extremely hard.
lulz
Definitions include: laughs at another person's expense.
dead
Definitions include: to consume or use up.
nyuk
Definitions include: the sound of laughter.
ho
Definitions include: a prostitute.
( show 12 more)
Slang terms with the same root words
Other terms relating to 'crack':
*ss crack
Definitions include: the cleft between the buttocks.
*ss-crack of dawn
Definitions include: very early in the day.
butt crack
Definitions include: the cleft between the cheeks of the buttocks.
butt crack of dawn
Definitions include: very early in the morning.
crack
Definitions include: something that is so exceptionally good or fun it could be as addictive as crack (i.e. crack cocaine).
crack a fat
Definitions include: to become erect; "get a hard-on ".
crack-a-lacking
Definitions include: good
crack-a-smackin'
Definitions include: "happening".
crack baby
Definitions include: a person who does something stupid.
cracked out
Definitions include: tired and mentally dazed after excessive drug consumption.
crack foxy
Definitions include: clever; cunning; wise-acre; quick witted and tricky.
crack head
Definitions include: a person who acts like they are addicted to crack cocaine.
crackin'
Definitions include: cool, tight, etc.
cracking to
Definitions include: eager to.
crack of dawn, the
Definitions include: very early in the day.
( show 22 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'fuck':
4Q
Definitions include: " fuck you ".
abso-f*cking-lutely
Definitions include: absolutely.
abso-f*ckin'-lutely
Definitions include: very absolutely.
AFU
Definitions include: acronym of "all fucked up ."
all the f*cks I give
Definitions include: meaning caring about everything.
AMF
Definitions include: acronym of "adios mother fucker."
as f*ck
Definitions include: an intensifier.
as f*cked up as a football bat
Definitions include: 1. To be highly intoxicated on drugs and/or alcohol
*ss f*ck
Definitions include: a person who is stupid or doing something dumb.
BAMF
Definitions include: acronym for " bad-ass mother fucker ".
bend over get f*cked
Definitions include: "Get ready for some serious trouble."
BFD
Definitions include: acronym of "big fucking deal."
BFE
Definitions include: acronym for Butt-Fuck, Egypt.
b*tchass mother f*cker
Definitions include: a bitch-ass motherfucker.
brainf*ck
Definitions include: to over-think something, well beyond what is needed; to consider and reconsider and reconsider again often leading to an inability to make a decision.
( show 298 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'the':
101 scoop, the
Definitions include: the real information or the proof, instruction, the know how, where, when, and why about something or someone.
2-10, the
Definitions include: walking, generally as opposed to driving.
3rd degree, the
Definitions include: interrogation.
3 sheets to the wind
Definitions include: extremely intoxicated
411, the
Definitions include: information.
a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Definitions include: something you have now is worth more than two things you have just a chance of getting.
about the size of it
Definitions include: a good estimate.
ace in the hole
Definitions include: a secret advantage.
across the board
Definitions include: inclusive.
add fuel to the fire
Definitions include: to make a bad situation worse.
against the clock
Definitions include: with the amount of time left to finish a task rapidly disappearing.
ahead of the curve
Definitions include: having an opinion or belief prior to it becoming common or popular.
aim Archie at the adamant
Definitions include: of a male, to urinate.
ain't no fun when the rabbit got the gun
Definitions include: Someone being butthurt over having something, they do to others regularly, done to the them
a little on the side
Definitions include: secret sexual activity with a person other than one's partner.
( show 1409 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'up':
6 up
Definitions include: a warning that one or more law enforcement officers are near.
ace up (one's) sleeve
Definitions include: a secret advantage.
act up
Definitions include: to misbehave.
AFU
Definitions include: acronym of "all fucked up ."
all done up
Definitions include: well dressed, wearing makeup, etc.
all up in
Definitions include: doing something emphatically.
amped up
Definitions include: energetic due to consumption of a stimulant.
amp up
Definitions include: to increase.
ante up
Definitions include: to contribute one's share.
arse up
Definitions include: to mess up.
as f*cked up as a football bat
Definitions include: 1. To be highly intoxicated on drugs and/or alcohol
*ss up
Definitions include: to make something like ass.
ate up
Definitions include: strange, stupid; "weird".
ate up with stupid
Definitions include: stupid.
ate up with the dumb *ss
Definitions include: strange / stupid.
( show 441 more
hide
)
How common is this slang?
Don't click the following.
I use it
(39)
No longer use it
(6)
Heard it but never used it
(128)
Have never heard it
(34)
How vulgar is this slang?
Average of 78 votes : 43% ( See the most vulgar words .)
Least vulgar
Most vulgar
Your vote: None (To vote, click the pepper. Vote how vulgar the word is – not how mean it is.)
Least vulgar
Most vulgar
Where is this slang used?
Logged-in users can add themselves to the map. Login, Register, Login instantly with Facebook.
Link to this slang definition
To link to this term in a web page or blog, insert the following.
To link to this term in a wiki such as Wikipedia, insert the following.
Some wikis use a different format for links, so be sure to check the documentation.
← Previous - CTD
CTFU
cu - Next → | msmarco_doc_00_16340580 |
http://209.197.79.194/meaning-definition-of/swag | What does swag mean? swag Definition. Meaning of swag. OnlineSlangDictionary.com | Definition of swag
Definition of swag
swag
expression
noun
Slang terms with the same meaning
Slang terms with the same root words
How common is this slang?
How vulgar is this slang?
Where is this slang used?
Link to this slang definition
| What does swag mean? swag Definition. Meaning of swag. OnlineSlangDictionary.com
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Since they have almost killed this site, I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. This will culminate in my release of an MBOX file including full headers. More here. 2021-03-21: Screw it. MBOX file here.
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Since they have almost killed this site, I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. More here .
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. I am going to start releasing details on Monday August 17 of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret. More here .
Google has been penalizing this site in its search rankings for years and a Google employee lied about it. Details of my conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty in secret start Monday August 17. More here .
Google has been lying about the penalty against this site for years. My conversation with the Google employee who told me about the penalty starts dropping August 17. More here .
← Previous - swack
swag
swagg - Next →
Definition of swag
swag
expression
an approximation or educated guess. Acronym of "scientific wild-assed guess." Contrast with the less-precise " wag " (wild-assed guess).
He didn't really know, so he just took a SWAG at it.
See more words with the same meaning: an estimate, approximately.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by BP from IN, USA on Sep 06 2002 .
acronym for "secretly we are gay".
See more words with the same meaning: acronyms (list of).
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Oct 25 2012 .
acronym for "something we Asians got".
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Oct 29 2012 .
acronym for "saved with amazing grace". Christian-themed.
See more words with the same meaning: acronyms (list of).
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Mar 17 2013 .
acronym for "sex with a guy ".
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Apr 15 2014 .
acronym for "super wild aggressive girl"
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Oct 26 2017 .
noun
promotional material.
I won some swag from a local radio station.
My boyfriend got swag at school.
See more words with the same meaning: unspecified item (s), 'stuff', 'thing (s)'.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Jun 11 1998 .
referring to "promotional material". Acronym for "stuff we all get."
I won some swag from a local radio station.
See more words with the same meaning: acronyms (list of).
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by j s. on Jan 05 2005 .
stolen property. acronym for "stolen without a gun".
See more words with the same meaning: stolen, stolen goods.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Francis M. on Dec 10 2008 .
style. From swagger.
That boy got some swag.
See more words with the same meaning: stylish, styling.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Tim T. on Feb 13 2009 .
an approximation or educated guess. Acronym of "stupid wild-ass guess." Contrast with the less-precise " wag " (wild-assed guess).
He didn't really know, so he just took a swag at it.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Walter Rader (Editor) from Sacramento, CA, USA on Sep 09 2010 .
from swagger. The appearance of being very cool, smooth, looking good, dressing nice; often having money to flash which draws them the attention of others.
Look at him, he has so much swag!
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by The Last Don on Aug 31 2011 .
a female who is either a wife, girlfriend or relative of a Nanango Rugby League Stag player.
This definition is questionable and is pending deletion. It will be saved from deletion if legitimate citations are found.
Last edited on Feb 26 2018. Submitted by Anonymous on Jan 05 2017 .
+
Add a definition for this slang term
R
Related words
Usage
Vulgarity
SlangMap
Slang terms with the same meaning
Other terms relating to ' acronyms (list of) ':
NHI
Definitions include: acronym for "no humans involved".
WRT
Definitions include: acronym for "with respect to."
CRAFT
Definitions include: acronym for "can't remember a fucking thing".
BFFWEOAGSA
Definitions include: acronym for "best friends forever who eat out and go shopping a lot".
VIP
Definitions include: acronym for "Very Important Person."
TY
Definitions include: acronym for "thank you".
bka
Definitions include: acronym for "better known as".
LSD
Definitions include: acronym for "lysergic acid diethylamide".
ELI5
Definitions include: acronym for "explain like I'm 5".
BOGO
Definitions include: "buy one get one" free.
JFC
Definitions include: acronym for "Jesus Fucking Christ".
PGT
Definitions include: acronym for "patient got thumped ", a notation used by doctors in the UK on medical charts.
B & M
Definitions include: acronym for " brick-and-mortar ".
DDF
Definitions include: distance distortion factor.
TGIF
Definitions include: acronym for "thank god it's Friday."
( show 716 more)
Other terms relating to ' an estimate, approximately ':
ball-park figure
Definitions include: a rough numerical estimate.
ish
Definitions include: synonym for shit. Typically appears in censored edited-for-radio versions of hip-hop songs. It has entered into wider usage.
kinda sorta
Definitions include: approximately; "kind of".
Other terms relating to ' stolen, stolen goods ':
hot stuff
Definitions include: an attractive person.
joyride
Definitions include: a ride in a motor vehicle (usually stolen) taken for fun.
hot
Definitions include: stolen.
stolo
Definitions include: stolen car
five-finger discount
Definitions include: a pretend occurrence during which stealing is permitted.
swank
Definitions include: miscellaneous things, typically given away free.
community cell
Definitions include: A stolen cellular phone that is is typically passed around for anyone's use before the service is eventually turned off.
knocked off
Definitions include: stolen.
joy ride
Definitions include: a reckless ride taken in a (usually stolen) automobile.
Other terms relating to ' stylish, styling ':
flossy
Definitions include: looking one's best; dressed up.
in
Definitions include: fashionable.
hip
Definitions include: stylish, fashionable; " cool ".
cool
Definitions include: very good, excellent, interesting, fun, etc.
money
Definitions include: suave; " hip ", " cool ".
snazzy
Definitions include: unique in a cool way.
major league swag
Definitions include: a great amount of swag.
kicking
Definitions include: stylish; " smooth ".
fitted
Definitions include: dressed well.
bang
Definitions include: to have, to take.
sassy
Definitions include: styling.
styling
Definitions include: very good, excellent; " cool ".
choice
Definitions include: perfect, great, excellent; " cool "; " awesome ".
stupid
Definitions include: styling.
GQ
Definitions include: a man that is dressed well, attractive and well off.
( show 3 more)
Other terms relating to ' unspecified item (s), 'stuff', 'thing (s)' ':
tat
Definitions include: tattoo.
jigger
Definitions include: "thing."
da kine
Definitions include: to Hawaiians, used to describe people/places/objects.
junk
Definitions include: male genitalia.
mug
Definitions include: to stare at a person in an aggressive way.
her
Definitions include: any object.
foo
Definitions include: colloquial pronunciation of fool.
geegaw
Definitions include: a trinket.
thingamabob
Definitions include: replacement name for an object whose name one doesn't know or has forgotten.
doohickey
Definitions include: see do-hickey.
bad boy
Definitions include: generic term for a specific object; "thing".
this and that
Definitions include: assorted things.
shiznut
Definitions include: " shit ".
dental swag
Definitions include: swag received from a dentist's office.
jobber
Definitions include: a "professional wrestler" who loses matches so as to build up a featured wrestler's win/loss record and crowd appeal.
( show 24 more)
Slang terms with the same root words
Other terms relating to 'a':
a
Definitions include: amphetamine.
A-1
Definitions include: the best.
a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Definitions include: something you have now is worth more than two things you have just a chance of getting.
a bit much
Definitions include: excessive.
a bit of how's your father
Definitions include: sexual activity.
a boat
Definitions include: In the West/Central Canadian accent, "about" is pronounced somewhere between "aboot" and "a boat".
a couple beers short of a six-pack
Definitions include: a little crazy
a couple three
Definitions include: an unspecified small number.
act a fool
Definitions include: to play around.
a dime a dozen
Definitions include: very common.
a dog with two d*cks
Definitions include: a mythical creature who is extremely happy or fortunate.
a dollar three eighty
Definitions include: a non-specified price.
a dollar three eightyfive
Definitions include: a non-specified price.
adopt a tree
Definitions include: to collide with a tree.
a face that only a mother could love
Definitions include: an ugly face.
( show 767 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'all':
100% all-beef thermometer
Definitions include: a penis.
ABD
Definitions include: acronym for " all but dissertation ".
ADIDAS
Definitions include: acronym for "all day I dream about sex".
AFU
Definitions include: acronym of "all fucked up ."
all
Definitions include: to say.
all about
Definitions include: See be all about.
all bark and no bite
Definitions include: to talk a lot but never take action.
all bets are off
Definitions include: what was previously expected to happen may not.
all blowed out
Definitions include: the feeling when you defecate huge and your anus is stretched.
all but dissertation
Definitions include: a student who has completed all parts of advanced education with the exception of completing, presenting, and defending their dissertation.
all clear
Definitions include: communication saying that trouble is no longer present, or that previously delayed plans can continue on their original course.
all done up
Definitions include: well dressed, wearing makeup, etc.
all fingers and thumbs
Definitions include: clumsy.
all good
Definitions include: in functioning order or at a level of acceptability; "fine".
all gravy
Definitions include: " all good ."
( show 70 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'asian':
MAF
Definitions include: "married Asian female".
MAM
Definitions include: "married Asian male".
SAF
Definitions include: "single Asian female".
SAM
Definitions include: "single Asian male".
Other terms relating to 'ass':
all over (one's) *ss
Definitions include: pestering a person.
all over (one's) *sses
Definitions include: pestering multiple people.
AP
Definitions include: short for ass-poopin'.
*ss
Definitions include: anything displeasing.
-*ss
Definitions include: used after an adjective to indicate extremes or excessiveness; "very", "really", "extremely".
*ss-backwards
Definitions include: in reverse or totally incorrect
*ss bag
Definitions include: a general insult.
*ss blast
Definitions include: instance of flatulence.
*ss breath
Definitions include: Extreme halitosis.
*ss cable
Definitions include: solid bodily waste discharged through the anus.
*ss-can
Definitions include: a despicable person.
*ss clown
Definitions include: one who appears foolish, like a clown.
*ss crack
Definitions include: the cleft between the buttocks.
*ss-crack of dawn
Definitions include: very early in the day.
*ss-dough
Definitions include: is where you get money for sittin' on your ass.
( show 216 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'gay':
GAF
Definitions include: acronym for " give a fuck ".
gay
Definitions include: a homosexual person.
gay lord
Definitions include: see gaylord.
gay-wad
Definitions include: a general insult, implying homosexuality.
GLBT
Definitions include: acronym for "Gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered."
yestergay
Definitions include: a gay male now in a heterosexual relationship or marriage.
Other terms relating to 'get':
as all get-out
Definitions include: very; really; extremely.
bend over and get screwed
Definitions include: a phrase of one is about to be in trouble big-time or something bad is about to happen.
bend over get f*cked
Definitions include: "Get ready for some serious trouble."
BOGO
Definitions include: "buy one get one" free.
don't get it twisted
Definitions include: don't be mistaken; "believe it".
from the get-go
Definitions include: from the beginning.
GBTW
Definitions include: acronym for "get back to work".
get
Definitions include: to leave.
get a bit on the side
Definitions include: to have sex with someone who is not one's significant other.
get a buzz on
Definitions include: to acquire a buzz.
get a charge from
Definitions include: to be excited by.
get a charge out of
Definitions include: to enjoy.
get a clue
Definitions include: see clue.
get a five finger discount
Definitions include: to steal.
get a fix
Definitions include: to ingest a drug.
( show 234 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'got':
ain't got no
Definitions include: "don't have any".
ain't no fun when the rabbit got the gun
Definitions include: Someone being butthurt over having something, they do to others regularly, done to the them
cheese and crackers got all muddy
Definitions include: "Jesus Christ and God almighty."
FIGMO
Definitions include: military acronym for " fuck it, got my orders".
G2G
Definitions include: acronym for "got to go".
GG
Definitions include: acronym for "good game."
GNL
Definitions include: acronym for "got a nigga laughing".
got
Definitions include: "has".
got a squirrel peeking
Definitions include: to need to defecate.
got a turtle head poking
Definitions include: it means that you have to defecate so badly that in the strain to hold it in, a little bit of it pokes out, and then slides back in after a few minutes.
got dandruff. some of it itches.
Definitions include: "god dammit.
gots
Definitions include: "have".
He's got lame
Definitions include: He's got lame!
PGT
Definitions include: acronym for "patient got thumped ", a notation used by doctors in the UK on medical charts.
we got london on da track
Definitions include: meaning rapper sings with beasty music
Other terms relating to 'guess':
take a wild guess.
Definitions include: when a person asks a question, used to indicate that the person already knows (or should know) the answer.
Other terms relating to 'gun':
ain't no fun when the rabbit got the gun
Definitions include: Someone being butthurt over having something, they do to others regularly, done to the them
belly gun
Definitions include: a small, close range, snubnosed revolver, typically of a powerful caliber.
big gun
Definitions include: a powerful person.
Buy a gun
Definitions include: a comical mocking expression in the military and police when a trainee seems hopeless at hand to hand fighting.
eat (one's) gun
Definitions include: to commit suicide via a gunshot to the roof of one's mouth.
fight a war with BB guns
Definitions include: to perform a task in which the resources to complete it are woefully inadequate.
go great guns
Definitions include: to be successful.
gun
Definitions include: very good, excellent; " cool "; " sick "; " wicked ".
gun for
Definitions include: to attempt to reach a goal.
gun it
Definitions include: to accelerate, especially in an automobile.
guns
Definitions include: biceps.
gun shy
Definitions include: frightened.
hired gun
Definitions include: a person hired for their expertise.
son of a gun
Definitions include: friendly greeting, especially after not having seen someone in a long time.
under the gun
Definitions include: under pressure.
Other terms relating to 'is':
a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Definitions include: something you have now is worth more than two things you have just a chance of getting.
all bets are off
Definitions include: what was previously expected to happen may not.
all your base are belong to us
Definitions include: a declaration of victory or superiority.
Are you comin' or just breathin' hard?
Definitions include: Can be said when impatiently waiting for someone to follow you. Double meaning of coming and orgasm.
around the corner where fudge is made
Definitions include: the bathroom.
ayt
Definitions include: "alright".
blood is thicker than water.
Definitions include: family relations are more important than other relationships.
Church is out
Definitions include: the current situation is about to get out of control.
doctor is in
Definitions include: interjection used to announce one's arrival.
fo you was even 'bout some nut
Definitions include: before you were even born.
FWIW
Definitions include: acronym for "for what it's worth".
GIYF
Definitions include: acronym for "Google is your friend".
go drunk, you're home
Definitions include: "Go home, you're drunk," as a drunk person might say it.
Home is where the horror is
Definitions include: home is where the horror is
how are you going
Definitions include: "How are you doing?"
( show 78 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'something':
get something off (one's) chest
Definitions include: to verbalize a previously unspoken problem.
have something on
Definitions include: See have on.
N4SCD
Definitions include: now for something completely different
smell something fishy
Definitions include: to detect that something is amiss.
something awful
Definitions include: badly.
something to crow about
Definitions include: something good - i.e. worth talking about.
somethin' somethin'
Definitions include: something sexual.
try something
Definitions include: to attempt sexual contact.
twerk something
Definitions include: to have sex.
Other terms relating to 'stuff':
and stuff
Definitions include: et cetera.
bull stuff
Definitions include: censored version of " bullshit ".
get stuffed
Definitions include: an angry retort.
green stuff
Definitions include: paper currency of United States dollars.
hard stuff
Definitions include: hard drugs.
hood rat stuff
Definitions include: stuff that a hood rat would do.
hot stuff
Definitions include: an attractive person.
kids' stuff
Definitions include: easy.
show (one's) stuff
Definitions include: to demonstrate one's talent.
strut (one's) stuff
Definitions include: to show off.
stuff
Definitions include: The male or female genitalia.
stuffed
Definitions include: feeling extremely full after eating.
stuffed shirt
Definitions include: an overly formal person.
stuff it
Definitions include: angry retort.
stuff legends are made of
Definitions include: an attractive person.
( show 4 more
hide
)
Other terms relating to 'we':
that's how we do
Definitions include: "That's how we do it."
we got london on da track
Definitions include: meaning rapper sings with beasty music
Other terms relating to 'wild':
buck wild
Definitions include: uncontrollable, uncivilized; "crazy".
get a wild hair
Definitions include: to get a wild impulse.
hog-wild
Definitions include: very wild.
sow (one's) wild oats
Definitions include: to be sexually promiscuous, usually during youth.
take a wild guess.
Definitions include: when a person asks a question, used to indicate that the person already knows (or should know) the answer.
wild
Definitions include: acronyms for "a woman I'd like to doink ".
wild card
Definitions include: an uncertain thing.
wilding
Definitions include: to have fun, act crazy with a group of friends. Note: also pronounced as "wilin'".
wild out on
Definitions include: to act in a crazy manner towards someone - e.g. yelling, beating.
Wild West
Definitions include: the American Old West.
Other terms relating to 'without':
AWOL
Definitions include: acronym of "absent without leave."
go off without a hitch
Definitions include: to happen without problems.
up a creek without a paddle
Definitions include: in trouble; " screwed ".
up sh*t creek without a paddle
Definitions include: in trouble.
w/o
Definitions include: "without."
How common is this slang?
Don't click the following.
I use it
(565)
No longer use it
(45)
Heard it but never used it
(486)
Have never heard it
(84)
How vulgar is this slang?
Average of 467 votes : 42% ( See the most vulgar words .)
Least vulgar
Most vulgar
Your vote: None (To vote, click the pepper. Vote how vulgar the word is – not how mean it is.)
Least vulgar
Most vulgar
Where is this slang used?
Logged-in users can add themselves to the map. Login, Register, Login instantly with Facebook.
Link to this slang definition
To link to this term in a web page or blog, insert the following.
<a href="http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/swag">swag</a>
To link to this term in a wiki such as Wikipedia, insert the following.
[http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/swag swag]
Some wikis use a different format for links, so be sure to check the documentation.
← Previous - swack
swag
swagg - Next → | msmarco_doc_00_16350660 |
http://20best.blogspot.com/2011/08/year-taj-mahal-was-built.html | Year Taj Mahal was built and Architecture of Shah Jahan | Year Taj Mahal was built and Architecture of Shah Jahan
Saturday, August 6, 2011
Year Taj Mahal was built and Architecture of Shah Jahan
| Year Taj Mahal was built and Architecture of Shah Jahan
Saturday, August 6, 2011
Year Taj Mahal was built and Architecture of Shah Jahan
Year Taj Mahal was Built and architecture of Shah Jahan
http://20best.blogspot.com/2011/08/year-taj-mahal-was-built.html
Years Taj Mahal was built in the 1653 A.D. by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in the memory of his beloved wife and beautiful queen Mumtaz Mahal. The Name of the Taj Mahal’s architecture is Ustad lsa. Taj Mahal is situated on the bank of Yamuna River. Taj Mahal completed in 22 years and worked by 20,000 workers days and nights.
Year Taj Mahal was built
Note: Many people say " tag mahal " and some say " taz mahal " but it is TAJ Mahal
Shah Jahan was 14 years old when he fell in love with a Persian princess Arjumand Bano Begum and decided that she is the one he will marry. She was 15 at that time. After few years they got married and he named her Mumtaz Mahal (Chosen one of the Palace). He was crowned in 1628 AD. She always accompanied him, even on military expeditions. On one such expedition in 1631 AD, she was expecting their 14th child. She died while giving birth to the baby. Before dying she took four promises from her husband. She asked him to build the most beautiful monument for her and not to remarry. She loved her children so she wanted a promise that he will stay kind to them and will visit her tomb. Via Link.
Year Taj Mahal was built latest image 2012
Some stories say that Shah Jahan was so overwhelmed and devastated that he locked himself in a room. According to some historians he banned music, feasts and any kind of party for about two years in his regime. He decided to build a monument entirely in white marble, expressing their pure love and decorated with jewels. In 1633 AD, the construction began on the banks of the Yamuna river in Agra. The place was visible from his Palace and he could see her whenever he wanted to.
Year Taj Mahal was built latest photo 2012
Architecture of Shah Jahan
20,000 skilled craftsmen from allover the subcontinent and the neighbouring countries worked for 17 years to complete the monument. The chief architect was Ustaad Ahmed Lahori. The main dome of Taj Mahal measures about 110 yards in circumference and is about 107 yards above the ground. The monument is standing in a lush green garden amongst fountains and floral plants and trees. The tomb is standing on a platform of red stones. The material was brought in from all over India and central Asia and it took a fleet of 1,000 elephants to transport it to the site. Taj Mahal’s construction costed 50 lac rupees at that time. Taj Mahal is decorated with Gold, Rubies, Turquoise, Lapis lazuli, Sapphire and Diamonds. The verses of Quran are written in the passages in beautiful calligraphic styles. There is a beautiful mosque inside the monument.
The mesmerizing beauty of the monument makes it special but what makes it more special is love. People die but love never dies. Muslims believe that soul never dies and one day they will be together with their family in heaven.
Estimates vary as to how long it took to build the Taj Mahal. Some historians state that it took only 14 years to build it, from 1631-1645, but a more realistic figure is probably 22 years, being completed in 1653. The reason for this inconsistency is largely due to the scale of the building and its intricacies and the lack of written historical evidence. So the structure may have been completed by 1645, with the interior completed around 1653. It was commissioned by the Mogul Emperor, Shah-Jahan as a mausoleum in memory of his favourite wife. Shah-Jahan lived from 1627-1658 and was famous for blending Persian traditions with Hindu elements in architecture. The title of the Taj Mahal comes from a corruption of the Persian name for his wife, Mumtaz-I-Mahall.
How Many Years Did It Take To Build The Taj Mahal?
The Taj Mahal is located near Agra in India and is built predominantly from white marble and it is still regarded as one of the world's most beautiful buildings.
MUMTAZ MAHAL - " Build me a Taj "
As Mumtaz Mahal lay dying, she asked four promises from the emperor: first - that he build the Taj, second - that he should marry again, third - that he be kind to their children, and fourth - that he visit the tomb on her death anniversary. He kept the first and second promises. Construction began in 1631 and was completed in 22 years. Twenty thousand people were deployed to work on it. The principal architect was the Iranian architect Istad Usa; it is possible that the pietra dura work was coordinated by an Italian artist. TAJ MAHAL - Wonder of the World.
Tag Mahal Old Photo:
Newer Post Older Post Home
| msmarco_doc_00_16373164 |
http://20d.extensionfile.net/ | Open 20D File | Open 20D File
Open 20D File
How to Open 20D file
What is 20D File?
20D File Applications
| Open 20D File
Open 20D File
To open 20D file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 20D file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 20D. Here is some information which will get you started.
How to Open 20D file
To see if you have an application which support 20D file format you need to double click on the file.
This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 20D either on web or on local computer.
If there is no application on your computer which can open 20D files you need to search on the internet which application can open 20D files.
What is 20D File?
File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 20D files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix).
These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files.
20D File Applications
If you know which application opens file extension 20D and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form.
For more information on how to open 20D files read other articles on this website.
| msmarco_doc_00_16378267 |
http://20lombardstreet.com/ | YONGE + RICH | Luxury Condominiums by GREAT GULF |
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
NOW FOR SALE
EXCLUSIVE RELEASE OF THE PENTHOUSE SKY SUITES
PRICED FROM $1M
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
FLOORPLANS
WELCOME TO 20 LOMBARD STREET
LOCATED AT YONGE & RICHMOND IN THE HEART OF TORONTO
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
REGISTER NOW FOR EXCLUSIVE ACCESS
| YONGE + RICH | Luxury Condominiums by GREAT GULF
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
REGISTER NOW
REGISTER NOW
NOW FOR SALE
EXCLUSIVE RELEASE OF THE PENTHOUSE SKY SUITES
PRICED FROM $1M
Introducing The Penthouse SkySuites at 20 Lombard. Soaring 45 storeys above the city, this exclusive collection of upper suites boasts forever views of the Toronto Harbour and city skyline. Enter through the luxurious exclusive Lombard private lobby, and be whisked to your suite sitting high above downtown Toronto. These luxurious condos are detailed with the highest level finishes and meticulous attention to detail, fitting of the most discerning buyers.Book your private appointment to experience this limited collection release.
REGISTER NOW
REGISTER NOW
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
Download Features & Finishes
FLOORPLANS
39TH FLOOR
LOWER PENTHOUSE
UPPER PENTHOUSE
Suite
Bedrooms
SQ. Footage
View Floorplan
MIAMI
THREE BEDROOM
1554 SQ. FT
VIEW
LOMBARD STREET RICHMOND STREET VICTORIA STREET 03
Suite
Bedrooms
SQ. Footage
View Floorplan
SYDNEY
TWO BEDROOM
843 SQ. FT
VIEW
BARCELONA
TWO BEDROOM
1485 SQ. FT
VIEW
PARIS
THREE BEDROOM
1554 SQ. FT
SOLD
SINGAPORE
THREE BEDROOM
1032 SQ. FT
VIEW
AMSTERDAM
ONE BEDROOM + DEN
671 SQ. FT
SOLD
ROME
ONE BEDROOM + DEN
768 SQ. FT
SOLD
ZURICH
TWO BEDROOM
1014 SQ. FT
SOLD
TOKYO
TWO BEDROOM
987 SQ. FT
SOLD
FLORENCE
ONE BEDROOM + DEN
664 SQ. FT
SOLD
DUBAI
1 BEDROOM + DEN
739 SQ. FT
SOLD
MILAN
TWO BEDROOM
938 SQ. FT
SOLD
LOMBARD STREET RICHMOND STREET VICTORIA STREET 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01
Suite
Bedrooms
SQ. Footage
View Floorplan
SYDNEY
TWO BEDROOM
843 SQ. FT
VIEW
BARCELONA
TWO BEDROOM
1485 SQ. FT
SOLD
PARIS
THREE BEDROOM
1554 SQ. FT
SOLD
SINGAPORE
THREE BEDROOM
1032 SQ. FT
VIEW
LONDON
TWO BEDROOM + DEN
1321 SQ. FT
SOLD
VENICE
TWO BEDROOM
1303 SQ. FT
VIEW
BANGKOK
TWO BEDROOM + DEN
898 SQ. FT
SOLD
NEW YORK
TWO BEDROOM
1222 SQ. FT
VIEW
RICHMOND STREET LOMBARD STREET VICTORIA STREET 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01
WELCOME TO 20 LOMBARD STREET
LOCATED AT YONGE & RICHMOND IN THE HEART OF TORONTO
Live in boutique luxury high above the city in Toronto’s most stunning 46 storey tower, designed by acclaimed architectural firm, Architects Alliance. The Lombard suites are 149 private residences nested above the 33rd floor of the Yonge + Rich tower. At 20 Lombard, experience a new standard in exclusive living with private lobby entrance from Lombard Street and dedicated concierge and elevator service. Interiors designed by world renowned Burdifilek, expansive terraces and breathtaking city and lake views surround. Embrace the very best of the city with every convenience mere steps from the Subway, PATH, Eaton Center, U of T and the Financial and Entertainment Districts.
CALL 416-499-8883 TO CONNECT WITH SALES
Reach us by email at Sales@yongeandrich.com
YOUR FOREVER VIEW AWAITS
REGISTER NOW FOR EXCLUSIVE ACCESS
First name*
Last name*
Email*
Phone number*
How did you hear about us?*
Please Select Social Media Print Advertisement Word of Mouth Signage Website Realtor
Are you a Realtor?*
Yes
No
Postal Code / ZIP
Size Range
A VIEW FROM THE SKY SUITE PENTHOUSES | msmarco_doc_00_16380504 |
http://20smoney.com/2014/05/24/wear-tags-lapel-pins/ | How to Wear Name Tags and Lapel Pins | 20s Money | How to Wear Name Tags and Lapel Pins
How to Wear Name Tags and Lapel Pins | How to Wear Name Tags and Lapel Pins | 20s Money
Home » Headline, Personal Growth
How to Wear Name Tags and Lapel Pins
24 May 2014
Name tags and lapel pins are a good way to promote your brand, team or cause. Businesses, schools, non-profits and individuals wear them for various reasons. The most popular uses include identification, recognition, awareness, fundraising and trading.
Custom Name Tags and Lapel Pins
Custom pin businesses often assign project managers to oversee client projects. LapelPin.com is one example. Project managers work closely with clients from the design phase through shipping and delivery. They understand the importance of branding and can professionally manage a project from beginning to end.
Almost everyone has worn a lapel pin at one time, and many organizations require their employees or representatives to wear name tags. Many people wonder how to wear them. Is there a right or wrong way to wear name tags and lapel pins? Here are a few tips on pin etiquette.
How to Wear Name Tags
One theory speculates that name tags should be worn on the right side since people shake with their right hands. Another theory suggests a left side placement since a hand shake can cover up a right side name tag. Which one is right?
In the United States, proper etiquette states that you place a name tag above the right pocket of your shirt, blouse or blazer. This location is the best place for someone to read your name as they make eye contact during a hand shake. The key is to help people associate your face with your name.
How to Wear Lapel Pins
Lapel pins are generally worn on the left side of your jacket, close to your heart. In fact, the United States Flag Code states as much when it describes the proper way to wear an American flag pin: “The flag represents a living country and is itself considered a living thing. Therefore, the flag pin being a replica, should be worn on the left lapel near the heart.”
Some organizations have specific rules regarding the placement of lapel pins that may contradict American flag pin etiquette. However, since a lapel pin represents something that is important to the person wearing it, a left side placement near the heart is the most appropriate place to wear a lapel pin.
A Caveat to Pin Etiquette
As with all rules, there is a caveat to pin etiquette: Wear a name tag or lapel pin where it makes the most sense. If etiquette is important to a business, organization or meeting, it is important to follow the rules. However, if your name tag tends to flip over during a handshake or your lapel pin appears hidden in a garment pattern, feel free to move the tag or pin to a better location.
Loading IntenseDebate Comments...
Comments are closed. | msmarco_doc_00_16384185 |
http://20somethingallergies.com/healing-digestion-restoring-mucous-layer/ | Warning! 20SomethingAllergies.com has expired. If this is your domain name you must renew it immediately before it is deleted and permanently removed from your account. To renew this domain name visit http://www.NameBright.com | msmarco_doc_00_16387210 | ||
http://20somethingfinance.com/2015-maximum-traditional-roth-ira-contribution-limits/ | 2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits (& Income Phaseouts) | 2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
2020 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
2020 IRA Catch-up Contribution
2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
2021 IRA Catch-up Contribution
Historical Maximum IRA Contribution Limits: 2021 vs 2020 vs Prior Years
2020 Traditional IRA Income Limits
2020 Roth IRA Income Limits
2021 Traditional IRA Income Limits
2021 Roth IRA Income Limits
IRA Tips
Maximum IRA Contribution Discussion:
| 2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits (& Income Phaseouts)
2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
Last updated: January 11, 2021 G.E. Miller No Comments
The IRS has announced the 2021 maximum IRA contribution limit, which is the max you can contribute to your IRAs in a given calendar year. The 2021 maximum IRA contribution limit will be the same as the 2020 maximum IRA contribution limit: $6,000 for the year. Read on for expanded details.
Similar to 401Ks, the maximum IRA contribution limit is set annually by the IRS and it is the limit that any individual can legally contribute to their IRA plans. The IRS determines increases by reviewing the consumer price index (CPI) annually. The maximum IRA contribution limit applies to both Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs. You should note that you can have each type of account (and multiple of each type), but the annual maximum contribution is for both types of plans and is a cumulative total for all of your Traditional and Roth IRA accounts combined.
Below, we’ll cover the 2020 and 2021 maximum IRA contribution limits, income limits and phaseouts, and how to get the most out of your IRA accounts.
2020 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
The standard 2020 maximum IRA contribution limit is $6,000. This is no change versus the 2019 limit, as previously noted.
2020 IRA Catch-up Contribution
For those age 50 and over, the 2020 IRA catch-up contribution will also stay the same, at an additional $1,000. With the standard contribution at $6,000, this means the 2020 catch-up contribution plus standard contribution is $7,000 in total.
Note that you are eligible for the catch-up contribution if you turn 50 during any day in the calendar year.
2021 Maximum IRA Contribution Limits
The standard 2021 maximum IRA contribution limit is $6,000. This is no change versus the 2020 limit, as previously noted.
2021 IRA Catch-up Contribution
For those age 50 and over, the 2021 IRA catch-up contribution will also stay the same, at an additional $1,000. With the standard contribution at $6,000, this means the 2021 catch-up contribution plus standard contribution is $7,000 in total.
Historical Maximum IRA Contribution Limits: 2021 vs 2020 vs Prior Years
Prior to 2019, the last IRA contribution limit increase came in the 2013 calendar year. When the IRS increases the limits, they usually do it in $500 increments. Because IRA limits are lower, they happen infrequently compared to maximum 401K contribution limit increases.
IRAs have a relatively short history in the American retirement system. Their first year of existence was 1975. Here is how the historical IRA contribution limit has changed in recent years since then:
Years:
Maximum IRA Contribution (age under 50)
Maximum IRA Contribution (age over 50)
2019, 2020, 2021
$6,000
$7,000
2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
$5,500
$6,500
2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
$5,000
$6,000
2006, 2007
$4,000
$5,000
2005
$4,000
$4,500
2002, 2003, 2004
$3,000
$3,500
1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
$2,000
$2,000
2020 Traditional IRA Income Limits
IRAs provide a great way to limit your tax liability in the present (Traditional IRA) and in the future (Roth IRA). There are, however, contribution phaseout limits that are based on your income. The good news is that those phaseout limits (also tied to CPI) increased in 2020 and 2021, even though there was not a contribution increase.
Keep in mind that with Traditional IRAs, the limits and phaseouts only dictate how much you can deduct from your taxes, not if you can contribute or not. With Roths, the limits and phaseouts dictate how much you can actually contribute, since Roth contributions are not deductible.
Traditional IRA income limits vary slightly from Roth IRAs (which I’ll get to in a bit) in that they are tied to whether or not you your employer sponsors a retirement plan for you.
The 2020 Traditional IRA income limits are as follows:
If you DO HAVE a retirement plan with your employer:
Single or head of household: If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $65,000 (up from $64,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $65,000, but less than $75,000 (up from $74,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $75,000, you cannot take a deduction.
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your MAGI is $104,000 (up from $103,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $104,000, but less than $124,000 (up from $123,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $124,000, no deduction.
Married filing separately: If your MAGI is less than $10,000 (same as prior year), you can take a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
If you DO NOT HAVE a retirement plan through an employer:
Single, head of household, or qualifying widow (er): Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly or separately with a spouse who is not covered by a plan at work: Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is $196,000 or less (up from $193,000), you can take a full deduction. If more than $196,000, but less than $206,000 (up from $203,000), you can take a partial deduction. If $206,000 or more, no deduction at all.
Married filing separately with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is less than $10,000, you can claim a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
2020 Roth IRA Income Limits
The 2020 Roth IRA income phaseout limits are as follows:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $196,000 (up from $193,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $196,000 up to $206,000 (up $3,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590 ). If $206,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $124,000 (up from $122,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $124,000 up to $139,000 (was $137,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $139,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
2021 Traditional IRA Income Limits
The 2020 Traditional IRA income limits are as follows:
If you DO HAVE a retirement plan with your employer:
Single or head of household: If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $66,000 (up from $65,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $66,000, but less than $76,000 (up from $75,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $76,000, you cannot take a deduction.
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your MAGI is $105,000 (up from $104,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $105,000, but less than $125,000 (up from $124,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $125,000, no deduction.
Married filing separately: If your MAGI is less than $10,000 (same as prior year), you can take a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
If you DO NOT HAVE a retirement plan through an employer:
Single, head of household, or qualifying widow (er): Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly or separately with a spouse who is not covered by a plan at work: Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is $198,000 or less (up from $196,000), you can take a full deduction. If more than $198,000, but less than $208,000 (up from $206,000), you can take a partial deduction. If $208,000 or more, no deduction at all.
Married filing separately with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is less than $10,000, you can claim a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
2021 Roth IRA Income Limits
The 2021 Roth IRA income phaseout limits are as follows:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $198,000 (up from $196,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $198,000 up to $208,000 (up $2,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590). If $208,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $125,000 (up from $124,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $125,000 up to $140,000 (was $139,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $140,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
IRA Tips
Here are some tips to help you get the most out of your IRAs:
Spousal IRA Contributions: take advantage of spousal IRA contributions! If you are married, you should become familiar with how spousal IRA contributions work, as a spousal IRA could dramatically boost your family’s IRA contributions in a given year if either you or your spouse don’t earn qualifying income.
Self-Employment Income: you may be able to deduct business related expenses and your home office and can contribute a portion of your income to self-employment retirement accounts, such as a solo 401K, SIMPLE IRA, or SEP IRA.
Backdoor Roth IRA: if your income is over the Traditional and Roth IRA income limits, a Backdoor Roth IRA could be a smart move (if you follow proper caution).
Tax Credit for Contributing: if your income is low enough, you might also qualify for the Saver’s Credit for contributing to one of these types of retirement accounts.
IRA Consolidation: if you have old 401Ks sitting around from jobs long forgotten, you should consider consolidating your 401Ks and rolling over to an IRA. IRAs typically have lower fees associated with them.
Contribution Deadline: note that the IRA contribution deadline for the any given calendar year is up until the tax deadline the following April. And you can begin contributing for a calendar year on Jan. 1 of that year.
Maximum IRA Contribution Discussion:
Will you contribute to an IRA for the 2020 and 2021 calendar years? How much? | msmarco_doc_00_16387603 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/2015-tax-brackets-standard-deductions/ | 2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets (IRS Tax Rates) & Standard Deductions | 2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets & Standard Deductions
2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets & Standard Deductions
2020 Tax Brackets (IRS Federal Income Tax Rates Table)
2020 Standard Deductions & Dependent Exemptions
2021 Tax Brackets (IRS Federal Income Tax Rates Table)
2021 Standard Deductions & Exemptions
Tax Rate Discussion
| 2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets (IRS Tax Rates) & Standard Deductions
2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets & Standard Deductions
Last updated: January 5, 2021 G.E. Miller No Comments
The IRS has released the 2021 tax brackets (a bracketed rate table for the IRS federal income tax rates) and standard deduction amounts, and there are a number of inflation adjustments over the 2020 tax brackets and standard deductions.
Since we’re still focused on 2020 for tax filing purposes, the 2020 tax brackets are going to be of most interest to you when you do your upcoming taxes, so I have included those as well. Armed with the below information, it would be an excellent time to calculate what your modified adjusted gross income will likely be next year and modify your tax withholding on your W4 form. This will help prevent being penalized for underpayment of taxes or getting a refund (which is really a form of self penalization by letting the government borrow your money, interest-free).
With the Tax Cut & Jobs Act (tax reform), the 2020 and 2021 tax brackets, tax rates, and standard deduction amounts have all been heavily revised from pre-reform levels. Barring further legislative changes, these brackets will continue through 2025.
2020 Tax Brackets (IRS Federal Income Tax Rates Table)
In the tables below, it is important to note that the highlighted rates represent the income tax rate owed for the portion of your taxable income that falls into that bracket. As an example, if you are single and your taxable income is $50,000, your tax tax rate on your first $9,875 of taxable income is 10%, taxable income between $9,875 and $40,125 is taxed at 12%, and income from $40,125 to $50,000 (your income) would be taxed at 22%.
Many taxpayers incorrectly assume that if your total income peaks at the 35% tax bracket, for example, then all of your income is taxed at that rate. This is not true. The United States federal income tax system is a “progressive” tax system, which means that your effective (actual) tax rate is less than the tax rate in the top bracket you are in. In other words, it is taxed in steps, or brackets. With that in mind, here are the 2020 tax brackets:
Tax Rates
Single Filer Tax Brackets
Married Filing Jointly Tax Brackets (& Surviving Spouses)
Married Filing Separately Tax Brackets
Head of Household Tax Brackets
10%
$0-$9,875
$0-$19,750
$0-$9,875
$0-$14,100
12%
$9,875-$40,125
$19,750-$80,250
$9,875-$40,125
$14,100-$53,700
22%
$40,125-$85,525
$80,250-$171,050
$40,125-$85,525
$53,700-$85,500
24%
$85,525-$163,300
$171,050-$326,600
$85,525-$163,300
$85,500-$163,300
32%
$163,300-$207,350
$326,600-$414,700
$163,300-$207,350
$163,300-$207,350
35%
$207,350-$518,400
$414,700-$622,050
$207,350-$311,025
$207,350-$518,400
37%
$518,400+
$622,050+
$311,025+
$518,400+
2020 Standard Deductions & Dependent Exemptions
Standard deductions can lower your taxable income by allowing you to deduct from your taxable income, if you decide not to itemize taxes.
Aside from the standard deductions, there are income tax exemptions that can be claimed, whether you itemize your taxes or take the standard deduction.
You can claim an exemption for each dependent, but note that with tax reform the personal exemption had been completely eliminated, as of 2018. Also, note that a spouse can never be claimed as a dependent.
Here are the 2020 standard deduction and exemption amounts:
Filing Status:
Deduction Amount:
Single
$12,400
Married Filing Separately
$12,400
Married Filing Jointly (& Surviving Spouses)
$24,800
Head of Household
$18,650
Personal Exemption
$0
A note of interest for those who will claim the standard deduction for 2020. There is a new $300 donation deduction provision for those who do not itemize their taxes (claim the standard deduction).
2021 Tax Brackets (IRS Federal Income Tax Rates Table)
Here are the new 2021 tax brackets:
Tax Rates
Single Filer Tax Brackets
Married Filing Jointly Tax Brackets (& Surviving Spouses)
Married Filing Separately Tax Brackets
Head of Household Tax Brackets
10%
$0-$9,950
$0-$19,900
$0-$9,950
$0-$14,200
12%
$9,950-$40,525
$19,900-$81,050
$9,950-$40,525
$14,200-$54,200
22%
$40,525-$86,375
$81,050-$172,750
$40,525-$86,375
$54,200-$86,350
24%
$86,375-$164,925
$172,750-$329,850
$86,375-$164,925
$86,350-$164,900
32%
$164,925-$209,425
$329,850-$418,850
$164,925-$209,425
$164,900-$209,400
35%
$209,425-$523,600
$418,850-$628,300
$209,425-$314,150
$209,400-$523,600
37%
$523,600+
$628,300+
$314,150+
$523,600+
2021 Standard Deductions & Exemptions
And here are the 2021 standard deduction and exemption amounts:
Filing Status:
Deduction Amount:
Single
$12,550
Married Filing Separately
$12,550
Married Filing Jointly (& Surviving Spouses)
$25,100
Head of Household
$18,800
Personal Exemption
$0
For more information, check out the IRS website and my “ how to do your taxes ” guide.
My overview of the Earned Income Tax Credit may be of interest as well.
Tax Rate Discussion
Which tax bracket will you top out in for this year and what are you predicting for 2020?
Will you be itemizing or taking the standard deduction?
Related Posts:
The Cheapest & Best Tax Software Prep
2021 IRS 401K Maximum Contribution Limits
Do I Need to File a Tax Return?
What is the Presidential Election Campaign Fund Box on your Tax Form? | msmarco_doc_00_16399087 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/american-hours-worked-productivity-vacation/ | The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World | The U.S. is the Most Overworked Developed Nation in the World
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Developed Nation in the World
American Work-Life Balance
American Average Work Hours:
American Paid Vacation Time & Sick Time:
The Impact of Too Much Work
Americans are the Outliers
What we All Need to Remember
Overworked Discussion:
| The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Developed Nation in the World
Last updated: January 13, 2020 G.E. Miller 365 Comments
We, as Americans, work too many hours. If you don’t believe so, check out the following data points that compare us to our peers around the world.
American Work-Life Balance
According to the Center for American PROGRESS on the topic of work and family life balance, “in 1960, only 20 percent of mothers worked. Today, 70 percent of American children live in households where all adults are employed.”. U.S. Department of Labor statistics back up this data, and notes that 75% of those women working full time. I don’t care who stays home and who works in terms of gender (work opportunity equality for all – it’s a family choice). Either way, when all adults are working (single or with a partner), that’s a huge hit to the American family and free-time in the American household.
The U.S. is the ONLY country in the Americas without a national paid parental leave benefit. The average is over 12 weeks of paid leave anywhere other than Europe and over 20 weeks in Europe.
Zero industrialized nations are without a mandatory option for new parents to take parental leave. That is, except for the United States.
American Average Work Hours:
At least 134 countries have laws setting the maximum length of the work week; the U.S. does not.
In the U.S., 85.8 percent of males and 66.5 percent of females work more than 40 hours per week.
According to the ILO, “Americans work 137 more hours per year than Japanese workers, 260 more hours per year than British workers, and 499 more hours per year than French workers.”
Using data by the U.S. BLS, the average productivity per American worker has increased 400% since 1950. One way to look at that is that it should only take one-quarter the work hours, or 11 hours per week, to afford the same standard of living as a worker in 1950 (or our standard of living should be 4 times higher). Is that the case? Obviously not. Someone is profiting, it’s just not the average American worker.
American Paid Vacation Time & Sick Time:
There is not a federal law requiring paid sick days in the United States.
The U.S. remains the only industrialized country in the world that has no legally mandated annual leave.
In every country included except Canada and Japan (and the U.S., which averages 13 days/per year), workers get at least 20 paid vacation days. In France and Finland, they get 30 – an entire month off, paid, every year.
Then there’s this depressing graph on average paid vacation time in industrialized countries:
The Impact of Too Much Work
I’m not telling you to work less hours. If you genuinely love what you do and are doing it for the right reasons, you are more than entitled to spend all of your waking hours plugging away.
But for many of us, more work leads to more stress and a lower quality of life. Without time to unwind, take care of your home, spend time with loved ones, enjoy our hobbies, connect with friends, and generally live a more balanced life. Stress is the #1 cause of health problems – mentally and physically. And there are few things that stress us out on a consistent basis like work does, especially when it takes away from all of the other things that life has to offer.
Americans are the Outliers
And if all of this data tells anything, it’s that we are the outliers, not the norm. Why are we the outliers?
Our companies fairly ruthlessly let people go. We want to keep our jobs and not be a ‘low performer’ compared to others.
The decline of the union has led to less paid time off and other leave benefits.
Cultural value of money over everything else. We love money, we want more of it, and we think money can buy happiness. And the more we work, the more we get paid.
It’s been drilled in our heads that we are lazy compared to emerging market counterpart workers in India, Mexico, China, and other parts of Asia. Who isn’t? And what is our mental image of the work environments in those locales? To validate those fears, our jobs are being outsourced to the cheap labor in those countries. In reality, the U.S. trails only Norway and Luxembourg (2 tiny countries) productivity per person.
Our legislative branch of the government (on both sides of the aisle) has been bought and as a result has shied away from passing laws that protect workers that every other industrialized nation has passed.
We generally don’t fight for our working rights. We take what is given to us.
What we All Need to Remember
What we all need to remind ourselves is that it doesn’t have to be this way.
It’s OK to ask to move to fewer hours at work.
It’s OK to take a week-long vacation if we need to.
It’s OK to ask to work from home.
It’s OK to take a month of unpaid leave while you raise a child.
It’s OK… you get the idea.
Don’t let life pass you by in the name of fear, circumstance, greed, or misguided hopes. Sometimes you just need to draw a line in the sand and say “enough is enough”.
Overworked Discussion:
Do you think we work too hard?
Do you like the cultural norm around your workplace on working hour expectations?
How have you been able to limit unhealthy overworking habits?
Why you are Not Taking your Paid Vacation Days, but Should
Unlimited Vacation Days? No Thanks!
What Makes a Country Great? | msmarco_doc_00_16405062 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/average-tax-refund/ | Average Tax Refund: 2020 Versus the Historical Average | Average Tax Refund: How Does This Year Stack Up to the Historical Average?
Average Tax Refund: How Does This Year Stack Up to the Historical Average?
Average Tax Refund:
Average Historical Tax Refund:
Tax Refund Discussion:
| Average Tax Refund: 2020 Versus the Historical Average
Average Tax Refund: How Does This Year Stack Up to the Historical Average?
Last updated: January 12, 2021 G.E. Miller 14 Comments
I just found some data from the IRS on tax refunds, for the previous tax year (2019), which I found interesting (and hope you do too).
Let’s look at the numbers:
As of November 20, 2020, 168,650,000 tax returns have been submitted.
152,802,000 of the 168,650,000 returns, or 90.6%, of returns were e-filed (impressive). This is a 10.6% increase over last year.
And 125,299,000 of the 168,650,000 returns received refunds (not impressive).
You know what that means…
It looks like Tax Refund Windfall Syndrome (TRWS) got the best of us once again!
Average Tax Refund:
The math works out to just over 74.3% of all returns resulting in a refund.
The average tax refund works out to $2,535 in 2019.
This means that Uncle Sam received an average of $2,535 in interest-free loans from 125,299,000 lenders (aka taxpayers), for a combined $317.7 billion. And this is a lower number than it should have been, given that many people who did not file returns filed this past year in order to receive COVID-19 relief checks from the federal government.
What a waste!
How does last year stack up against the historical average?
Average Historical Tax Refund:
Over time, the historical average tax refund has gone up and down, but here is a look at the last number of years.
Average 2008 Tax Refund: $2,728
Average 2009 Tax Refund: $3,036
Average 2010 Tax Refund: $3,003
Average 2011 Tax Refund: $2,913
Average 2012 Tax Refund: $2,803
Average 2013 Tax Refund: $2,651
Average 2014 Tax Refund: $2,952
Average 2015 Tax Refund: $2,793
Average 2016 Tax Refund: $2,857
Average 2017 Tax Refund: $2,899
Average 2018 Tax Refund: $2,979
Average 2019 Tax Refund: $2,535
If you’re looking to dig in further to some data, check out the IRS individual income tax database.
If you received a refund, put it to good use! Here are the best ways to use your tax refund, in order to get a strong ROI.
And remember, if you’re expecting a large tax refund, you can change your withholding with Form W-4 to increase your withholding, and owe more taxes at the end of the year. It may seem counter-intuitive, that sending a check or getting a smaller one is good, but that is the case.
Tax Refund Discussion:
What was your tax refund this year? Were you happy, sad, indifferent?
Do you aim to decrease/increase your refund next year?
Related Posts:
How to Check your Tax Refund Status
How to Pay your Taxes Online
The Best & Cheapest Way to Efile
Estimated Tax Payments Basics
Do I Need to File Taxes? | msmarco_doc_00_16411159 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/average-wedding-cost/ | The Average Wedding Cost Can Cripple New Families | The Average Wedding Cost Can Cripple New Families
The Average Wedding Cost Can Cripple New Families
The Average Cost of a Wedding Has Increased Significantly
The Longer-Term Impact of Wedding Costs
The Guilt of Having Others Pay for your Wedding
So How do You Keep your Wedding Expenses Down?
Wedding Cost Discussion:
| The Average Wedding Cost Can Cripple New Families
The Average Wedding Cost Can Cripple New Families
Last updated: January 13, 2020 G.E. Miller 12 Comments
The Average Cost of a Wedding Has Increased Significantly
The average wedding now costs $38,700, according to “ Wedding Wire “.
This is more than 10 times what my cheap wedding cost.
It’s also more than most student loan balances at graduation. Is this number reasonable? And what kind of impact does it have on newlyweds? Recent data shows that high wedding costs can lead to lower marriage success rates. So there may be more reason than you think to watch the cost of your wedding – because it can absolutely cripple a new family financially, just as it is getting started.
It’s also worth noting that the average wedding cost per state varies quite dramatically – with New York going as high as $77,000, on average!
The Longer-Term Impact of Wedding Costs
The immediate price tag isn’t the only thing you should consider with a wedding. The average cost of a wedding can multiply over time when you factor in what that money could have earned in interest over the years, with the power of compound interest.
For example, someone in their 50’s today would have an extra $100,000 if they’d saved just $5,000 more 30 years ago, if they had earned 6% above inflation rate over that time on their investment.
Of course, this is assuming that the bride and groom are paying with cash that they have diligently saved up in anticipation of the big day. Most often, that is not the case. Weddings are debt traps! In which case, not only are you not making a return on the money you spent on the wedding, you are living with that debt for years, maybe even decades. Not a good way to start a lifelong bond. (continued below…)
The Guilt of Having Others Pay for your Wedding
The tradition of having the bride’s parents pay for everything is slowly eroding away, and according to a study done by theweddingreport.com, the bride and groom pay for the majority of expenses.
But maybe you’ll get “lucky” and daddy swoops in with his cape (money) and the increased expectations that the groom will never screw anything up that comes with it.
Sure, someone else might be footing the bill for your wedding might seem appealing at first. But think about this…if they are not extremely well off, they are probably dipping into their skimpy retirement account to help you out. And when they get older and can’t afford to pay for their own retirement, you’re going to have to either:
foot the bill for their assisted living
invite them to live with you
Bet that will make you think twice about accepting those wedding funds with open hands.
So How do You Keep your Wedding Expenses Down?
I’m going to give you the full story about how I was able to keep my wedding costs to just $2,500 in an upcoming post. But I’ll whet your appetite with three things to think about as you plan your wedding:
This is your day. Keep that in mind as you plan. And don’t let others plan for you.
Make your own traditions. Am I the only one who thinks that the ‘traditional American wedding’ is more like a funeral than a celebration? The McWedding tradition is one that is begging to be broken.
You don’t have to invite everyone. Period.
Whatever you do, DO NOT crowdfund your wedding. It’s your responsibility, you pay for it.
Wedding Cost Discussion:
How much did your wedding cost or would you be comfortable spending on a wedding?
Do you have regret over how much your wedding cost?
Related Posts:
Who Should Pay for the First Date?
The Cost of Being a Bridesmaid or Groomsman
Do you Need Wedding Insurance?
How Much Should you Spend on an Engagement Ring? | msmarco_doc_00_16414290 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/bottled-water-versus-tap-water/ | Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Comparison | The TRUE Cost of Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water (& Comparative Purity & Taste Test Results)
The TRUE Cost of Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water (& Comparative Purity & Taste Test Results)
The Cost of Bottled Water
The Cost of Tap Water
Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Purity
Bottle Water Versus Tap Water Taste
Ways to Save Money on Drinking Water
Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Conclusion
| Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Comparison
The TRUE Cost of Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water (& Comparative Purity & Taste Test Results)
Last updated: September 15, 2019 G.E. Miller 33 Comments
The Cost of Bottled Water
Let’s assume that bottled water costs $1 per bottle. Maybe less if you buy it in bulk. That’s not that much, right? And water is good for you, an essential component of life itself, so it’s totally justified, right?
Once you see the math (and some other interesting facts), you might find it a bit harder to justify.
Unless you live or are traveling in a country that does not yet have potable drinking water (and there are surprisingly still plenty of them out there), you really have no reason to drink bottled water. Most of us know that the cost of drinking bottled water vs. tap water will never work out in your favor. However, the exact extent of the price disparity isn’t so clear. When you see the math, it will likely shock you.
The Cost of Tap Water
I recently got curious as to how much tap water I was actually consuming, which led me to doing this cost comparison. I discovered that my city provides an online water usage rundown. My city water bills measure water usage in CCF’s. What is CCF? It’s a unit measurement of water that is equivalent to 100 cubic feet of water. Distilling that down to units we can all relate to:
1 CCF = 748 gallons of water
748 gallons of water = 95,744 ounces of water
95,744 ounces = 4,787 bottles of water
Basically, 1 CCF = 4,787 bottles of water
What does 1 CCF cost? $2.10!
That’s right – 4,787 bottled waters could be filled with tap water for $2.10! So every time you buy a bottle of water for $1, you are paying 2,279 times what you would if you filled that same bottle with tap water.
If most of what you drink is bottled water, assuming you drink 64 oz. of water per day, you’d consume a little under three 20 oz. bottles of water per day. Those 3 bottles per day would cost you $3/day or $1,095 per year. That same 1,095 bottles filled with tap water would cost you $0.48 PER YEAR. Another way to look at it is that as soon as you buy your first bottle of water, you’ve already spent double what you would for an ENTIRE YEAR of tap water. Wow.
Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Purity
OK, so we’ve made the cost argument. But how about the purity argument? I hate to burst your Utopian fantasies of crisp icy glaciers, polar bears, and trickling mountain streams, but it’s mostly just the same stuff. According to ABC News, most bottled water is just reprocessed tap water:
Big-selling Dasani and Aquafina are just reprocessed tap water from cities around the country. One of Aquafina’s sources is the Detroit River!
(source: Is Bottled Water Better than Tap)
And as a matter of fact, tap water is actually held to higher purity standards than bottled water is, in the United States. Tap water is regulated under the EPA’s Safe Water Drinking Act (SWDA), while bottled water is regulated under less stringent standards by the U.S. FDA’s Federal Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act.
Can the differing standards really result in a less pure bottled water? According to one bottled water purity comparison study of 25 different bottled waters, most of the samples resulted exceeding the contaminant level set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for mercury, thallium, and thorium. None of those bottles would have passed the tap water SWDA standards. And don’t forget about all of the BPA that comes from the bottle itself.
Bottle Water Versus Tap Water Taste
Surely, surely, you can’t tell me that tap water tastes better than bottled water? Can you? I can.
In a blind water taste test by Good Morning America, New York City tap water came out the clear favorite among testers:
New York City Tap: received 45% of the vote
Poland Spring: received 24% of the vote
O-2, Oxygenated Water: received 19% of the vote
Evian: received 12% of the vote
And this test was no fluke. Time after time, tap water is rated as good or better tasting than bottled water blind taste tests.
Ways to Save Money on Drinking Water
As highlighted in my environmentally friendly products that save money post, there are a few products that can encourage tap water drinking:
Water Bottle: cutting down on the waste and cost of individually bought bottled beverages should be considered mission critical.
Water Pitcher: I drink a lot more tap water (vs pricier alternatives) if it comes nearly ice cold from the refrigerator versus from the tap. A simple water pitcher does the trick. If you prefer a filtered pitcher, this is a good option.
GE Water Filtration System: if your water smells or tastes not so great, and that is preventing you from drinking it, get a system like this.
Bottled Water Vs. Tap Water Conclusion
Tap water tastes as good, it’s as pure, it’s better for the environment, and it costs under 1/2,000th as much. You’d be justifiably crazy to pay for and drink bottled water, unless you had no other choice.
Related Posts:
The Cost Savings of Drinking Water
How to Save Water
The Cost of Watering your Lawn | msmarco_doc_00_16418636 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/cost-of-vegetarian-diet/ | Cost of Vegetarian Diet & the Cost of NOT Switching to one | Frugality through Vegetarianism: How to Save $2-$3K Per Year & the Planet by Moving Away from a Meat-Based Diet
Frugality through Vegetarianism: How to Save $2-$3K Per Year & the Planet by Moving Away from a Meat-Based Diet
The Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet
The Two Reasons I have Stayed Vegetarian
The Cost of a Vegetarian Diet
Vegetarian Discussion:
| Cost of Vegetarian Diet & the Cost of NOT Switching to one
Frugality through Vegetarianism: How to Save $2-$3K Per Year & the Planet by Moving Away from a Meat-Based Diet
Last updated: July 12, 2017 G.E. Miller 43 Comments
While we were in college, my wife and I made a gradual shift to becoming mostly vegetarian. It all sort of happened in an unconventional, non-life-philosophy-shattering sort of way…
I was on this high-protein, low-fat, low-carb kick, and she was still eating a meat and potatoes type diet. My low-fat meals got her thinking about what she was eating and she decided to take things a step further and start looking into a vegetarian diet.
We tried out some new dinners and decided that this veggie thing wasn’t half bad. I educated myself and overcame my fears about not getting enough protein in my diet (just about everything has protein, except for fruit).
Today, I very occasionally eat poultry, seafood, and if in an ‘eat it or miss a meal’ situation, I’ll still eat just about anything. For the most part though, I’d classify myself as a non-strict vegetarian. Here’s some food for thought (pun-intended) on becoming vegetarian…
The Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet
There are a lot of positive benefits to eating a mostly vegetarian diet:
It’s much more sustainable and low-impact on the planet: According to Thom Hartmann in The Prophet’s Way, it takes 16 pounds of grain/soy and 5,214 gallons of water to produce 1 pound of edible beef (the same amount of water one American uses on showers in a year, on average). Tomatoes, for comparison, only need 23 gallons of water per edible pound. Another fun fact: You can produce 30,000 pounds of carrot on an acre of farmland, but only 250 pounds of beef. How about this? It takes 78 calories of fossil fuel to produce 1 calorie of protein from beef, while only 2 calories of fuel to produce a calorie from soybeans. Another? The amount of pesticide use per acre of corn (the main feed for livestock), has increased 100,000% since 1945. Meat also strongly contributes to global warming. You get the idea.
It’s humane: Every meat eater should watch video of a slaughter house or caged chickens with their beaks cut off so they don’t peck out each other’s eyes, to at least appreciate the hell that animal went through before it ended up on your dinner plate (if not the physical condition the animals are in). I’m not going to sit on a soapbox and label meat eaters as bad people or make them feel guilty about eating meat, but I do think that this world would be a better place if everyone was at least somewhat conscious of the conditions their food came from, demanded better conditions through their purchasing decisions, and appreciated the sacrifice from the animals.
It’s more sanitary: There’s just something unappealing about the thought of eating dead flesh that has been passed around and is rotting and growing bacteria with each passing day. Check out the videos on the previous point, if you’re not convinced of the unsanitary conditions that most of our animal products come from. Out of sight isn’t out of mind for me.
Time & Effort: Vegetarian dishes, on average, are a lot easier and quicker to cook. With meat you have to thaw, prepare, slow cook, and there’s usually more of a mess to clean up.
The Two Reasons I have Stayed Vegetarian
The previous four positive benefits have definitely helped keep me on course, but two other benefits really stand out as being the keystones behind my continued vegetarianism:
Taste: It just tastes better to me. Meat and potatoes is extremely boring to me now. Getting rid of both has opened up a world of new flavors and a variety of foods to me. Just as many meat eaters can’t imagine what a life without meat is like, I cannot imagine what a life of going back to eating a lot of meat is like. People always ask me, “Don’t you ever just miss a big juicy steak?”. No! I’ve been on both sides, and I have absolutely no desire to go back, if for no other reason than veggie dishes just taste better to me.
Health: I don’t have to worry about consuming growth hormones and antibiotics and eating all of the saturated fats and cholesterol. As a result, I feel healthier than ever. And “we all die someday” is not a legit argument to eat a bunch of crap, in my opinion. It’s a cliche phrase usually given by people who don’t want to come to grips with their unhealthy eating habits. A 50% reduction in meat consumption reduces your risk of heart attack by 45% (source: The Prophet’s Way).
The Cost of a Vegetarian Diet
You knew I’d be getting around to this at some point!
In my latest stroll through the supermarket, an average pound of ground beef costs around $5 and a pound of chicken breasts $4. Prices vary widely by cut, but these were just the standard, non-organic, hormonal varieties.
A pound of canned black beans, on the other hand, costs just under $1.
What follows is a VERY SIMPLE illustration, but assuming a couple consumes a pound of meat combined per meal and eat meat in 14 meals per week – and then made the switch to the same amount of beans or some other low cost vegetable, grain, or legume as a substitute – they could potentially save $2,200-$3,000 per year. Just making the switch away from meat for four meals a week would save them roughly $600-$800 per year.
Yes, you can be a cheap vegetarian.
If you’re married or living with your significant other, I strongly recommend that you consider this a joint decision. It’s hard as hell for one person to be a vegetarian or vegan and the other to be a meat lover. Food is such a huge component of a healthy relationship. That being said, if your significant other is not on board, win them over by working in a few meals per week, and gradually increase from there. =)
The money itself would not be reason enough for me to switch from a meat-based diet to a vegetarian diet, but it surely re-affirms that choice. For someone in a financial pinch, perhaps it is strong enough reason in itself. When you add in all of the other benefits, it seems like a great choice for someone trying to save money.
Vegetarian Discussion:
Are you a vegetarian? Why or why not?
If you made the switch to being vegetarian, how much did it save you on your groceries?
Have you considered making the switch to vegetarian simply to save money?
Related Posts:
Bottled Water vs. Tap Water Cost
Cut your Grocery Bill with a Grocery Price List Spreadsheet
Want to Lower Food Costs? Become a Vegetarian
How to Save Money on Groceries without Sacrifice | msmarco_doc_00_16424416 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/credit-karma-review/ | Credit Karma Review - From a Customer (2021 Update) | Credit Karma Review – From a Customer (2021 Update)
Credit Karma Review – From a Customer (2021 Update)
My Credit Karma Review
Is Credit Karma Free?
Why Should I Use Credit Karma? What are the Free Benefits & Features?
How Does Credit Karma Make Money?
Is Credit Karma Safe?
Is Credit Karma a Scam?
How Accurate is your Credit Karma Credit Score?
Credit Karma Review: Final Thoughts
| Credit Karma Review - From a Customer (2021 Update)
Credit Karma Review – From a Customer (2021 Update)
Last updated: January 27, 2021 G.E. Miller No Comments
My Credit Karma Review
Ever since I first used Credit Karma in my 10 free financial services post (and yes, you can get a free Credit Karma account for life ), I’ve had many curious friends and readers ask me questions about them. That prompted me to write this Credit Karma review and update it frequently. It’s worth noting that Credit Karma was recently purchased by Intuit (owners of TurboTax, Mint.com, and other financial services) in 2020. It will be interesting to see if these products
I’ve now been a Credit Karma user for over 10 years, and update this review every few months to reflect my experiences. The most common questions I receive about Credit Karma are:
Is Credit Karma free?
What are the benefits of using Credit Karma?
How does Credit Karma make money?
Is Credit Karma safe?
Is Credit Karma a scam?
How accurate is Credit Karma?
I had all of those questions myself. And I researched heavily. What follows is a review of Credit Karma that hopefully answers these questions and more.
Is Credit Karma Free?
Is Credit Karma really free? Yes, Credit Karma is 100 free%. This was the big question that I had going in as well. You’ll notice with most other “free credit score” companies, when you sign up for their service, they ask for your credit card. And then, a month later, you’ll unsuspectingly get charged. After going back to read the fine print, you’ll notice that free was really only free for the first month, and if you didn’t cancel your subscription, you’ll get charged.
Not at Credit Karma. In their FAQ’s they state:
Q: Is Credit Karma really free?
A: Yes. Credit Karma is always free. Credit Karma won’t ask you for your credit card number during the registration process or at any other time.
I can confirm this is true. I’ve never been charged or been asked to enter my credit card when using Credit Karma.
Why Should I Use Credit Karma? What are the Free Benefits & Features?
Here’s a rundown of all the free benefits you can get from a Credit Karma account:
TransUnion Credit Score: as seen above, you get a free TransUnion credit score, and it is continuously updated so you can see how it changes periodically as you take actions that will impact your credit score.
Equifax Credit Score: you also get a free Equifax credit score, in addition to TransUnion credit scores. That makes free scores for 2 out of the 3 major credit bureaus. Both scores use the VantageScore 3.0 model.
TransUnion Credit Report: Credit Karma has free credit report access too. By clicking on “My Overview” and “Score Details” in your dashboard, you can access your credit reports and check them any time (they are updated weekly). This gives you more consistent access to credit reporting throughout the year (versus 1 report per bureau per year via annualcreditreport.com), allowing you to frequently monitor and correct any errors or discrepancies.
Equifax Credit Report: After TransUnion credit reports were added, free Equifax credit reports were added as well.
Credit Accounts List: a list of all of your accounts and when they were created.
Free Credit Monitoring: One of the best features of Credit Karma is free credit monitoring – so you can monitor any suspicious activity like new accounts created or credit inquiries that you did not initiate. Click in to your “profile” and look under “communications & monitoring” to set it up.
Credit Card Spend: You can easily track your credit card spending by category (similar to Mint) by linking accounts.
Credit Factors Report Card: under “Score Details”, Credit Factors allows you to see a grade on each of the factors that go into making up your credit report: credit utilization rate, payment history, age of accounts, derogatory remarks, total accounts, and credit inquiries. Good info for improving your credit score.
Credit Score Simulator: under “Resources”, the Credit Score Simulator might be the most useful feature on Credit Karma. You get to simulate how taking certain actions (i.e. closing a credit card, opening a new one, increasing your credit line, etc.) may impact your score.
Identity Monitoring: Credit Karma will show you if any of your personal information has been breached in hacks of other websites.
Free Tax Filing: Credit Karma is now offering free tax filing (called “ Credit Karma Tax “). An amazing free benefit! With Intuit’s purchase of Credit Karma, the U.S. Department of Justice forced Credit Karma to sell Credit Karma Tax to Square, Inc. However, Credit Karma Tax is still accessible through the Credit Karma website.
Financial Calculators: Credit Karma offers various financial calculators for personal use: mortgage refinance, debt repayment, loan, amortization, etc.
Credit Karma Savings: Credit Karma Savings is a new (no fee) high-yield savings account from Credit Karma. There is no minimum deposit to open.
Unclaimed Money Search: search for unclaimed money in your name.
How Does Credit Karma Make Money?
How does Credit Karma makes money if they don’t charge you for their service? It’s a legit question. They have almost an identical business model to Mint.com (which is probably part of the reason why Intuit made the purchase of Credit Karma). If you’ve signed up for Mint’s service, you’ll periodically get Mint partner offers that could potentially save you money. It’s a form of targeted advertising. Credit Karma has the exact same model: ad-based offers from financial partners.
You can elect whether or not you actually want to receive these offers right on the sign-up page under communication preferences (and you are even opted out by default). I appreciate that level of transparency.
Is Credit Karma Safe?
Any time you are dealing with your credit, you want to make sure your privacy is safe and secure. Is Credit Karma safe and secure? Yes – Credit Karma is extremely safe.
With any credit service, you must be identified by your Social Security number. With some new account registrations, you may only need to use the last 4 digits (see image). Others required the full 9 digits, if your records are harder to find. Either way, this is only for first time retrieval – and your Social Security number is not stored on their servers.
To keep your privacy safe, Credit Karma also boasts the following privacy, safety, and security measures:
2-factor authentication on logins
Credit Karma uses 128-bit encryption to secure the transmission of information (note the “https” in the address bar).
Independently certified by digicert
Credit Karma will not sell or rent your personal information to third parties for any purpose
Accounts are read only – you can’t execute transactions
No credit card information entered
Credit Karma was recently purchased by Intuit (owners of Turbotax, Mint.com, and other financial services), which will only make Credit Karma even safer
Is Credit Karma a Scam?
Before signing up, I wondered “Is Credit Karma a scam?”. But, after researching and using them for many years, I can tell you Credit Karma is not a scam. They are a legit company with a legit business model that has been around for years now.
Credit Karma is a digicert certified company. And through BBB (Better Business Bureau), they have a strong history of responses and complaint resolutions to customers. That is reassuring.
Power in numbers is reassuring as well. Credit Karma has over 110 million members. And the Intuit purchase of Credit Karma is reassuring, as it is a very reputable company.
I’ve never once been charged, never once had my identity stolen, or had any complaints of any kind in the years I have used Credit Karma.
How Accurate is your Credit Karma Credit Score?
A lot of people want to know if the scores you receive from Credit Karma are accurate. By “accurate”, I’m assuming they want to compare the Credit Karma credit scores to a FICO score (which is commonly used by lenders to judge your credit). I crosschecked. Your experience may vary, the but scores that I have received from TransUnion and Equifax through Credit Karma are usually within a handful of points of my FICO score. That’s less than a 1% spread – which is basically no difference when you are judged for a credit approval. The credit rating companies have gone out of their way to have similar rating models, and FICO uses TransUnion, Equifax, and Experian data to calculate their scores.
Credit Karma Review: Final Thoughts
Any honest Credit Karma review will talk about the cons. The only Credit Karma con I have is that there are a lot of offers in the interface when you log in to your account. It’s a minor annoyance, but this is how Credit Karma makes money, so I’ll take that trade-off vs. having to pay for the service. You are under no obligation to sign up for any offers.
All-in-all, Credit Karma is a super useful service that I think everyone should have in their financial arsenal. You’re basically getting for free what many other services like Equifax, TransUnion, and Experian are charging $15 or more per month for. And having used other credit score reporting service in the past, the nice graphical interfaces, report card, and Simulator tool make Credit Karma much more useful. I highly recommended their service to anyone and score it as a 5 out of 5 stars. Please share your Credit Karma review below.
Get a free Credit Karma account here. | msmarco_doc_00_16431706 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/deduction-donation-receipt/ | Donation Receipts for Charitable Tax Deductions | Charitable Tax Deductions & the Ambiguous Donation Receipt
Charitable Tax Deductions & the Ambiguous Donation Receipt
Donations & Standard Deductions
The Republican Tax Reform Impact on Charitable Deductions
How to Deduct a Charitable Contribution
When to Deduct your Donation
Deduction Limits
What Organizations are Considered Qualified for a Deductible Donation?
Donation Receipts
Cash Donations:
Non-Cash Donations:
Donation Receipt Discussion:
| Donation Receipts for Charitable Tax Deductions
Charitable Tax Deductions & the Ambiguous Donation Receipt
Last updated: January 13, 2021 G.E. Miller 39 Comments
Update to below: As a result of the CARES Act legislation (a COVID-19 relief measure), a new charitable deduction up to $300 was created for 2020 and later extended to 2021, up to $600 per household for married filing jointly. What is notable about this is that you can claim the deduction even if you claim the standard deduction. Previously, you had to itemize your taxes to claim the deduction. Additionally, if you’re a heavy itemizer, you can claim up to 100% of your AGI as a deduction (2020 only).
Prior to my current day job, I worked in fundraising for a 501 (c) (3) charitable organization.
In that role, the most common questions I received were around tax deductions and donation receipts.
“Do I have to have a receipt to deduct my donation?”
“What amount of donation do I have to have a receipt for?”
“I only need a receipt if my donation is over $250, right?”
I got these types of questions so often, that upon reflection today, it makes me wonder if people avoid itemizing their donations at all, for fear that they might get audited by the IRS. Taking it a step further, are people avoiding donating altogether because they don’t know how to properly document and deduct them? That would truly be a shame.
If you itemize your taxes, you should definitely deduct your charitable contributions!
2020 Update: with the CARES Act legislation providing a number of financial COVID relief measures, there is a relevant 2020 update on this information. There is a new $300 donation deduction provision for those who claim the standard deduction (in addition to those who itemize).
To help clear up some of the confusion around what SHOULD be an easy topic, I decided to put together a little guide on deducting charitable donations and when you need proper documentation, such as a donation receipt or written acknowledgment.
Donations & Standard Deductions
First off, it’s worth noting that if you don’t itemize (like a large majority of the country), a donation receipt is not needed because you cannot deduct your donation if you claim the standard deduction. In other words, all taxpayers are eligible for a standard deduction, and a small percentage will forego that in favor of itemizing deductions. The standard deductions are as follows:
2020 Standard Deductions:
Filing Status:
Deduction Amount:
Single
$12,400
Married Filing Separately
$12,400
Married Filing Jointly (& Surviving Spouses)
$24,800
Head of Household
$18,650
Personal Exemption
$0
2021 Standard Deductions:
Filing Status:
Deduction Amount:
Single
$12,550
Married Filing Separately
$12,550
Married Filing Jointly (& Surviving Spouses)
$25,100
Head of Household
$18,800
Personal Exemption
$0
The Republican Tax Reform Impact on Charitable Deductions
I wrote about this at length, but the Republican “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (aka “Republican tax reform” will create a charitable donation deduction crash, because of the increased standard deduction amounts, starting with the 2018 tax year.
This will dramatically reduce the number of itemized filers, which will reduce the incentive to make charitable donations (but you still should, because you’re a good person and stuff).
It has been suggested by some that you “bunch donations” from multiple years in to one year in order to be able to itemize them. If everyone follows this strategy, however, it could have disastrous cash flow consequences for charitable organizations.
How to Deduct a Charitable Contribution
To deduct a charitable contribution, you must file Form 1040 and itemize deductions on Schedule A.
So, if you know 100% you won’t be itemizing, don’t worry about donation receipts. If you aren’t sure, or will itemize, collect the receipts throughout the year. I personally file all receipts in a folder as soon as I make the donation.
It’s also worth noting that you do not need to turn in your receipts when you file your taxes. But you would need them if you were to be audited, to furnish proof of your donation.
When to Deduct your Donation
You deduct your donation in the year when you actually make it. If you mail a check in 2020 and the charity doesn’t cash it until 2021, your deduction is for 2020. For non-cash donations, you deduct in the year that the property was given. The exception is you can carry over deductions from any year in which you surpass the deduction limits (discussed next), up to a maximum of 5 years.
Deduction Limits
Most of us will never have to worry about this, but there is an IRS maximum charitable donation limit. Essentially, if your donations are 20% or less of your adjusted gross income, you do not need to worry about hitting the limit. There are a few exceptions where you can go up to 30% or 50% of your AGI, and if you approach those levels, you should read the deduction limits section of IRS form 526 for more information. Generally, you can deduct cash contributions in full up to 50% of your adjusted gross income, property contributions in full up to 30% of your adjusted gross income, and appreciated capital gains assets in full up to 20% of your adjusted gross income.
What Organizations are Considered Qualified for a Deductible Donation?
The IRS has a tax-exempt organization search to find if donation you would like to make to the would be tax deductible to that organization. The organization must be designated as a 501 (c) (3).
Note that donations to political entities are not tax deductible. Sorry, Super PACS.
Donation Receipts
Whether you need a receipt or not depends on whether the donation is cash or non-cash, and the amount, or value of the donation.
Cash Donations:
If you deduct a cash donation, regardless of amount, you must keep some form of documentation. But there’s an important distinction between donations under and over $250.
Single or Multiple Cash Donations Under $250: you can provide a receipt from the organization, bank record, credit card statement, or cancelled check that shows the name of the organization, the date of the donation, and the amount. If the donation was a payroll deduction, your donation receipt here is your W2, a paystub, or some other form of payroll proof provided by your employer.
Single Cash Donations Over $250: the key difference when you go over $250 is you must receive a written acknowledgement from the recipient of your donation in order to claim the deduction. The written acknowledgement must include: amount of cash you donated, whether you received any goods or services in return, the value of those goods or services and (excluding religious faith value). Note that the date of donation must either be included in the acknowledgment or proved by bank record.
Multiple Cash Donations Over $250: same rules as under $250 apply, so long as no single donation was over $250. You only need written acknowledgment from the charity on the single donations over $250.
One key takeaway is this – never give actual “cash” as part of a cash donation. Use your credit card or check, so you have record in case the IRS comes calling.
Non-Cash Donations:
Varying rules apply, based on the level of donation.
Under $250: get and keep a receipt showing name of organization, date and location of contribution, reasonably detailed description of property, and the fair market value of the donation (many tax software programs will help you determine this, but you can find out more in IRS publication 561 ). However, the IRS does say that you are not required to provide receipt when it is impractical to get one (i.e. an unattended drop site).
At least $250 but no More than $500: just like with cash donations, when you go over $250, you must receive a written acknowledgment from the organization in addition to everything listed in the “under $250” section.
Over $500, but no More than $5,000: everything in “at least 250, but no more than $500” is required. You must also include how you got the property, the date you received it, and the cost basis of the property.
More than $5,000: Everything in “$500-$5,000” but also a qualified written appraisal from a qualified appraiser.
For more on deducting charitable contributions, check out IRS form 526 or publication 1771.
Donation Receipt Discussion:
Have you avoided donating because you didn’t know how to properly document with a donation receipt?
Have you not itemized a donation because you were worried you didn’t have proper documentation?
Have you ever been audited and not had a proper donation receipt?
Related Posts:
How to Donate your Car to Charity
How Long Should you Keep your Tax Records?
How to Do your Taxes | msmarco_doc_00_16442071 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/education-tax-credits-deductions/ | Education Tax Credits & Deductions: Updated for 2020 & 2021 | Education Tax Credits & Deductions: Updated for 2020 & 2021
Education Tax Credits & Deductions: Updated for 2020 & 2021
American Opportunity Credit
Lifetime Learning Credit
Lifetime Learning Credit Vs. American Opportunity Credit
Student Loan Interest Deduction
Tuition and Fees Education Tax Deduction
Tax Advantaged 529 Plans and Coverdell Education Savings Accounts
Disclaimer:
Education Tax Credit & Deduction Discussion:
| Education Tax Credits & Deductions: Updated for 2020 & 2021
Education Tax Credits & Deductions: Updated for 2020 & 2021
Last updated: February 5, 2021 G.E. Miller No Comments
Many readers of this site are completing school for the first time or plan to go back to school to further their education. So, I’ve compiled a list of education tax credits and deductions for 2020 for those completing their tax returns and looking ahead to 2021. There are some notable changes, with recent legislation. The Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 repealed the tuition and fees deduction for tax years beginning after 2020, in exchange for increased income limitations for the Lifetime Learning Credit.
A few years back, Mrs. 20SF returned to school to complete a post-secondary accelerated nursing degree program, without any government or other assistance. While comparatively inexpensive – she went the community college route – it was still a big out of pocket cost.
During that time, I thoroughly researched the various education tax credits and deductions available to us and have shared a summary here to help others. In recent years, there has been some changes in what deductions and credits are available. Some were extended with congressional budget agreements, while others were left behind. The good news is that if you’re paying for school (for yourself or others), there are a number of education tax credits and deductions still available to you in both 2020 and 2021. I’ll cover each in detail.
American Opportunity Credit
The American Opportunity Tax Credit is the major student tax credit available. This tax credit had been set to expire a few years ago, but was permanently extended through a Congressional budget deal.
Some of you may remember the “Hope Credit”. The American Opportunity Credit is actually a modified replacement to the Hope Credit that was created under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). It’s a bit different than the Hope Credit in that it can be claimed for four years of post-secondary education, instead of just two.
Here is a breakdown of how this education tax credit works and who is eligible, for both 2020 and 2021:
Eligibility: The student must be enrolled at least half-time in a program leading to a degree, certificate, or other recognized educational credential for at least one academic period beginning during the tax year. Also, the student had not completed the first four years of post-secondary education – so grad students cannot take this credit.
Credit Amount (for 2020/2021): up to $2,500 of the cost of tuition, fees and course materials paid during the taxable year per eligible student. Tax credit can be received for 100% of the first $2,000, plus 25% of the next $2,000 that has been paid during the taxable year.
How to Claim: Determine your eligibility, credit amount, and claim the credit by filling out IRS Form 8863. New this year: To claim the American opportunity credit, you must provide the educational institution’s employer identification number (EIN) on your Form 8863. You should also file form 1098-T, which you should receive early in the year from your educational institution. It’s also worth noting that even if your income level falls below the standard minimum income to file taxes thresholds, you need to file a tax return in order to be able to claim this tax credit.
Refundability: 40% of the credit (up to $1,000) is refundable. This means you can get a refund even if you owe no tax.
Income Limits: a taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income is $80,000 or less ($160,000 or less for joint filers) can claim the credit for the qualified expenses of an eligible student. The credit is reduced if a taxpayer’s modified adjusted gross income exceeds those amounts. A taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income is greater than $90,000 ($180,000 for joint filers) cannot claim any of the credit.
School Eligibility: You can only claim the credit if you’re attending an accredited institutions. You can search the U.S. Department of Education’s database of accredited institutions to confirm eligibility.
Credit can be Received for: tuition, and required fees and course materials.
Ineligible Expenses: You cannot receive a credit for: room and board, insurance, transportation, expenses paid with tax-free assistance, medical expenses, expenses used for another deduction or credit, and student fees that are not required as condition of enrollment or attendance.
More Info: see this IRS resource.
Lifetime Learning Credit
The other big education tax credit out there is the Lifetime Learning Credit. You cannot claim both the American Opportunity Credit and the Lifetime Learning Credit within the same calendar year for the same student (although you could claim both for two different students). So what’s the difference between the two credits?
Lifetime Learning Credit Vs. American Opportunity Credit
The Lifetime Learning Credit (LLC) is similar to the American Opportunity Credit, but with a a few key differences. You do not need to be pursuing a degree to be eligible to claim the Lifetime Learning Credit. You could be completing career development classes to learn or improve job skills, for example.
You can claim the American Opportunity Credit for the same student for no more than 4 tax years. There is no limit on the number of years for which you can claim a Lifetime Learning credit based on the same student’s expenses.
The Lifetime Learning credit is also non-refundable, whereas the American Opportunity Credit is partially refundable. And it has a $2,000 annual maximum vs. $2,500 for the AOC. For these reasons, the AOC is preferable to the LLC, if you have a choice between the two.
Here is a rundown of how Lifetime Learning education tax credit works and who is eligible:
Eligibility: for qualified tuition and related expenses paid for eligible students enrolled in an eligible educational institution. This credit can help pay for undergraduate, graduate and professional degree courses – including courses to acquire or improve job skills.
Credit Amount (for 2020/2021): up to $2,000 of the cost of tuition, fees and course materials paid during the taxable year per tax return. Tax credit can be received for 20% of the first $10,000 in eligible expenses.
How to Claim: Determine your eligibility, credit amount, and claim the credit by filling out IRS Form 8863.
Refundability: This credit is non-refundable. This means you cannot get a refund if you owe zero tax.
Income Limits: a taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income is $59,000 or less ($118,000 or less for joint filers) in 2020 can claim the credit for the qualified expenses on a tax return. The credit is reduced if a taxpayer’s modified adjusted gross income exceeds those amounts. A taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income is greater than $69,000 ($138,000 for joint filers) cannot claim the credit in 2020. There are some notable changes in the limits for 2021. The credit starts phasing out at an increased MAGI of $80,000 ($160,000 for joint filers) and 100% phaseout occurs at a MAGI of $90,000 ($180,000 for married filing jointly) in 2021.
School Eligibility: Available for all years of post-secondary education and for courses to acquire or improve job skills. Does not need to be an accredited institution.
Credit can be Received for: tuition, and required fees and course materials.
Ineligible Expenses: You cannot receive a credit for: room and board, insurance, transportation, expenses paid with tax-free assistance, medical expenses, expenses used for another deduction or credit, and student fees that are not required as condition of enrollment or attendance.
More Info: see this IRS resource.
Student Loan Interest Deduction
You may be able to deduct interest you pay on a qualified student loan. Generally, the amount you may deduct is the lesser of $2,500 or the amount of interest you actually paid.
The deduction is claimed as an above-line adjustment to income so you do not need to itemize your deductions.
You can claim the deduction if all of the following apply:
You paid interest on a qualified student loan in the tax year you are filing for.
You are legally obligated to pay interest on a qualified student loan.
Your filing status is not married filing separately.
Your modified adjusted gross income (for 2020 or 2021) is less than $85,000 ($170,000 if married filing jointly). The deduction is reduced (phased out) when your modified adjusted income is between $70,000 and $85,000 when filing as single, head of household, or qualifying widower (and between $140,000 and $170,000 for filing married filing jointly).
You and your spouse, if filing jointly, cannot be claimed as dependents on someone else’s return.
You have received form 1098-E from the educational institution for filing purposes, for those who paid over $600 in interest.
Tuition and Fees Education Tax Deduction
The tuition and fee education tax deduction was renewed for 2020, as result of a previous Congressional budget deal. However, it was repealed for 2021 with the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020.
You would be able to claim a tax deduction if your income surpassed the Lifetime Learning credit thresholds.
Note that you cannot double-dip and claim a deduction on the same expenses that you have claimed a credit for. I cannot foresee a reason why you would opt for a tax deduction if you were eligible for a tax credit, as tax credits are superior to deductions. A credit subtracts the amount of taxes you owe, while a deduction subtracts your taxable income.
Eligibility: The student must be enrolled at least half-time in a program leading to a degree, certificate, or other recognized educational credential for at least one academic period beginning during the tax year.
Deduction Amount (for 2020, N/A for 2021): Up to $4,000 of the cost of tuition, fees and course materials paid during the taxable year per tax return. This deduction is an above-line adjustment to income, which means you can claim this deduction even if you do not itemize deductions on Schedule A.
How to Claim: Fill out your 1040 and add form 8917.
Income Limits: For 2020 – a taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income is $65,000 or less ($130,000 or less for joint filers) can claim the deduction for the qualified expenses of an eligible student or for work related expenses. The deduction is capped at $2,000 if a taxpayer’s modified adjusted gross income exceeds those amounts up to a modified adjusted gross income of $80,000 ($160,000 for joint filers), above which taxpayers cannot claim the credit. At time of publish, the tuition and fees deduction was allowed to expire for 2021.
Ineligible Expenses: You cannot receive a credit for: room and board, insurance, transportation, expenses paid with tax-free assistance, medical expenses, expenses used for another deduction or credit, and student fees that are not required as condition of enrollment or attendance.
Tax Advantaged 529 Plans and Coverdell Education Savings Accounts
Coverdell Education Savings Accounts and 529 Plans are tax advantaged savings accounts for education expenses. I highlight both at length in the referenced links, but to summarize, each allows you to contribute savings for future education expenses, with earnings and distributions being tax-free for qualified expenses. You can even use a 529 plan for your own education expenses.
One big (and controversial) change under the Republican Tax Reform is that families can now withdraw up to $10,000 tax-free per year for K-12 at private or parochial schools. Previously, ESAs could be used for this, but contributions were capped at $2,000 per year. If you have an ESA, you can roll it over to a 529, tax-free.
Disclaimer:
Please keep in mind that I’m not a tax pro, so I’d definitely recommend you refer to one or at least read through the IRS documentation on your own as well. For more information, definitely check out IRS publication 970: Tax Benefits for Education and rely on a tax professional or tax software to walk you through eligibility.
Additionally, all of the major tax programs will help you work through the paperwork. Here are my favorites, with some significant discounts:
H&R Block: 20% off at link for paid versions
TurboTax: $20 or $30 off at link (depending on paid version)
TaxAct: 20% off at link for paid versions
TaxSlayer: 35%+ off at link for paid versions
Check out my list of the cheapest and best tax software for more info, including feature comparisons.
Education Tax Credit & Deduction Discussion:
Have you taken advantage of any of the above education tax credits or deductions?
Does the expiration of the education tax deduction impact you this year?
Related Posts:
The Student Debt Cocktail | msmarco_doc_00_16451675 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/emergency-savings-fund-why-how-much-and-where/ | Emergency Savings Fund: Why, How Much, and Where? | Emergency Savings Fund: Why, How Much, and Where?
Emergency Savings Fund: Why, How Much, and Where?
A Comprehensive Guide to Emergency Savings
Why Save for Emergencies?
What Types of Situations May Require Emergency Savings?
How Much Should you Put in Emergency Savings?
Where Should you Put your Emergency Savings?
Emergency Savings Discussion
| Emergency Savings Fund: Why, How Much, and Where?
Emergency Savings Fund: Why, How Much, and Where?
Last updated: November 17, 2019 G.E. Miller 20 Comments
A Comprehensive Guide to Emergency Savings
In a recent post on where to allocate your cash flow, I highlighted that step 1 should be to start an “emergency” savings fund. Starting an emergency savings fund is one of the fundamental building blocks in building a personal finance foundation for yourself. Many personal finance gurus agree that this is one of the first things you should do, ranking ahead of paying off high interest debt. It’s not a flashy topic, but smart personal finance has little to do with flash. This post will cover why you need emergency savings, how much you need, and where to put it.
Why Save for Emergencies?
There are a number of situations that arise in life that you simply do not have control over. Should these situations require immediate cash flow, it is essential to have emergency savings to cover it. If you have a personal investing account or retirement account you could pull funds from these, but for a number of reasons including bad market timing, early withdrawal penalties, or a delay in the liquidity of actually selling your investment and receiving your funds, this is the last thing you want to do.
Having money set aside for emergencies not only prevents this from happening, but also gives you the peace of mind that if something unfortunate was to happen that you will have a little financial cushioning to ride it out.
What Types of Situations May Require Emergency Savings?
I’m sure that you have needed fast cash for a number of situations in your life, or seen situations where others have. Insurance may cover many of these scenarios for you, but there is always a chance that it won’t cover fully what you will need. Here are a few examples:
lost job or layoff
began a new job that required you to expense a geographic move
auto accident, auto retirement, or major repair
major home expense such as a broken water line, tree falling on your roof, fire, natural disaster effects, etc.
pet health care
unexpected taxes owed to IRS
death in family that required you to help pay for funeral and other expenses
unexpected medical expenses not fully covered by insurance
How Much Should you Put in Emergency Savings?
This is where the experts tend to differ. There are a wide range of guidelines out there for how much you should save. Pick one or a combination, but ultimately, you have to choose an amount that you’re comfortable with and that feels right for you. Here are some of the general guidelines out there:
2-3 months worth of take home salary
6 months worth of living expenses
Start small and pay off debt before building 3 to 6 months worth of living expenses. Dave Ramsey falls into this camp. He advocates starting with $1,000, paying off all of your debt, then building a six month emergency fund.
8 months worth of living expenses. In the Laws of Money, the Lessons of Life, Suze Orman told readers that the 6 month time frame was no longer enough and that you should have “8 months of cash saved”.
I believe in a combination of the above, with a little twist. I think it is wise to start small and work your way up, as Ramsey recommends, however, I don’t think it’s realistic or wise to pay off ALL of your debt before saving more than $1,000. Focus on paying off high interest debt, but when it comes to school loans and mortgages, paying all of those off first before adding to your emergency savings is not a good idea. Once you’ve paid off high interest debt, then shoot for a minimum of six months of expenses.
Here’s where the twist comes in – if you are anticipating a major life changing event coming up, add to your fund or simply another savings account. You do not want to be pulling from emergency funds to pay off anticipated expenses.
Where Should you Put your Emergency Savings?
You should be earning interest from your savings, otherwise, you are losing value due to the effects of inflation. Place your emergency fund into a high interest savings account, checking account, or money market account (MMA). Stay away from certificates of deposit because if you pull your money out prior to the CD expiring, you will lose interest in the form of a penalty.
Go with a bank that offers quick and easy access to your fund and a competitive rate. The 4 online banks with a wide variety of product offerings and the highest savings yields are usually Discover Bank, Ally, Penfed, and Capital One 360. These banks still offer free checking accounts and debit cards. Use this as a starting point to see what the current going rate is before committing. Check back periodically to see if you’re getting the best going rate. If you’re not, don’t be afraid to switch. If you haven’t already, start building your emergency savings. It will help you sleep better at night.
There is also a case for putting your emergency savings in an ETF with a discount online brokerage. If you need to access the funds, you can have them within a few days via a bank transfer (and use credit cards in the meantime, which buys you time). The caveat with this is that if the market declines, you must replenish your base amount.
Emergency Savings Discussion
How much do you have in your emergency savings?
What percent to your end goal are you at with your emergency fund?
Emergency Savings: Is 6 Months Still Enough?
Lessons From Our Diabetic Pet Emergency Costs
The Importance of Emergency Savings Funds
Index Funds Vs. Mutual Funds | msmarco_doc_00_16465309 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/get-rid-of-your-comcast-modem-rental-fee/ | 3 Ways to Get Rid of your Comcast Modem Rental Fee | 3 Ways to Get Rid of your Comcast Modem Rental Fee
3 Ways to Get Rid of your Comcast Modem Rental Fee
How I Found 3 Ways to Get Rid of Comcast Xfinity Modem Rental Fee
Comcast Rental Fee Discussion:
| 3 Ways to Get Rid of your Comcast Modem Rental Fee
3 Ways to Get Rid of your Comcast Modem Rental Fee
Last updated: January 4, 2021 G.E. Miller 123 Comments
Update to this article: I have decided to replace my Comcast Xfinity modem with my own modem + router. I bought an Arris SB6190 cable modem (you may want to also check out the Motorola MB7621) and paired it with a NetGear AC1200 router. This setup pays for itself in less than a year (saving $168 per year), and then it’s free for life! I have other recommendations on customer-owned replacement devices below. You can now also get rid of your Xfinity DVR & TV Box fee through owning your own streaming device.
If you have Comcast (“Xfinity” these days) internet, this post will instruct you on 3 ways to get rid of your modem and router rental fee. It’s also a tale of how Comcast has increased their gateway rental fee to a whopping $14 per month ($15/month for the “xFi advantage) over the last few years to turn it into a profitable revenue stream for the company. If you have a long-seeded disdain for Comcast or other greedy corporate giants, like I do, you will enjoy this story.
If you don’t have Comcast and have another Internet service provider, the same advice may also apply. I’ve written more broadly on how to get rid of your ISP modem rental fee (if you’re not with Comcast).
How I Found 3 Ways to Get Rid of Comcast Xfinity Modem Rental Fee
When I first moved to my existing home, I signed up for Comcast Xfinity high-speed Internet, with wireless networking (wifi). As part of the installation, Comcast put in a Netgear cable modem that also dubbed as a wifi router.
I didn’t know it at the time of installation, but on my first bill, I noticed that Comcast started charging me $3 to rent this modem. That’s right – for the privilege of paying them $40 a month for internet service, I also had to pay $3 per month to rent the equipment to do it (that price has now skyrocketed to $14 per month recently for a standard gateway and $25 per month for an xFi gateway).
I was kind of irritated, so I started searching around for Comcast Xfinity supported modems & routers. I couldn’t find any for sale online at the time and thought they could only be had from Comcast.
So I kept paying the modem rental fee. That is, until the increased their rental fee again (they do this every year or so now). I called Comcast customer service, and threatened to drop the service unless they stopped charging me the rental fee. The Comcast bill negotiation worked. Lesson #1: Negotiation is the first way to get rid of your Comcast modem rental fee.
A year or so later, I started receiving voice mail that Comcast was upgrading to DOCSIS 3.0 (more recently DOCSIS 3.1). In short, DOCSIS upgrades permit faster download/upload speeds. To celebrate, Comcast wanted me to “upgrade your cable modem for free”.
I ignored the messages for a bit out of laziness. Shortly after, I noticed that Comcast stopped charging me for the modem rental fee on my old Comcast-owned gateway completely.
In recent talks with a Comcast support tech, I found out that this is quite common. Comcast will eventually write off older router/modem/gateways as “customer owned” because they don’t want to support them anymore. The downside when they do this is that they can no longer charge you a rental fee. Lesson #2: Obsolescence is the second way to get rid of your Comcast modem rental fee.
Months and months went by and I thought to myself, “This is great, I have a free Comcast router that I am not paying a rental fee on. I beat the man!”. Meanwhile, Comcast raised it’s rental fee again.
Then, it happened. Comcast killed my modem. One day it was working fine, delivering about a 12 Mbps download speed, and 4 Mbps upload speed. The next (and for 3 days after), it dropped to 0.2mbps download.
I called Comcast Xfinity customer service and scheduled to have a tech come out. He was a bit of a Comcast hater himself (most Comcast techs are contracted and not employed by Comcast, by the way), and what I found out from him was interesting.
Any other time I’ve had a tech come out they test things out, look for chewed wires outside, etc. Right away, this tech said, “we have to replace your gateway”. Hmm… that’s odd. I immediately leveled with him and told him I liked my old Gateway because I didn’t have to pay a rental fee. This is when he told me about Comcast pushing the “customer owned” status on old gateways. He told me if Comcast wanted to kill my gateway, they could, no problem, by easily sending it a code. He wouldn’t say they did this to me, but I got the message.
I also got the message when he plugged in a brand new Xfinity-owned DOCSIS 3.0 gateway and it started delivering full download speed I was paying for immediately, right out of the box.
I then questioned him on if I could buy my own DOCSIS 3.0 gateway (a gateway is a modem + router) to replace the Comcast installed gateway. He said, “Yes, any will work”. Years earlier, when I did my search, I did not know this was the case. I thought you had to have a Comcast installed gateway in order to get service. This is not true, but don’t expect Comcast to volunteer that. You can buy any gateway or modem + router and follow these Comcast modem self-install instructions to get it working. Lesson #3: You can replace Comcast supported gateways with your own modem and router in order to get rid of the rental fee.
I asked the Comcast tech if he had any recommendations, and he directed me to Motorola DOCSIS 3.0 gateway (a combined modem and router). And since it is not Comcast owned, they can’t kill it. You can get a modem and router separately, which I would recommend instead, as they are often cheaper and you can upgrade one or the other at some point.
I highlighted the modem and router I purchased at the top of the article. They paid for themselves in less than a year. Any of the following modem/router combos will work:
Modems:
All are priced around $90 and under, compatible with Xfinity Comcast (& many other ISPs), and are top sellers on Amazon.
ARRIS SURFboard SB6190 (32×8) – up to 859 Mbps
NETGEAR CM700 (32×8) – up to 935 Mbps
Motorola MB7621 (24×8) – up to 845 Mbps
If you want 1 Gbps+ speeds, go for the Motorola MB8600 or Arris SB8200 (pricier).
If you want 1 Gbps+ speeds + Comcast Voice, go for the Arris T25 or Netgear CM1150v (even pricier).
Routers:
All handle speeds of at least 300 Mbps + 900 Mbps with dual band (2.4 & 5 GHz, respectively), strong WiFi range, & are highly rated Amazon best sellers, under $75.
TP-Link WiFi 6 AX1500
Netgear Nighthawk AC1750
TP-Link AC1750
ASUS AC1300
So there you have it – there are three ways to get rid of your Comcast gateway rental fee. At the present $14 per month (only a matter of time before they raise it again), the savings is $168 per year. I personally prefer method #3 as the last painful over the long haul and a relatively easy way to permanently get a discount on your Comcast bill.
Update: I recently discovered that Comcast is using your leased modem as a public wifi hotspot (at your expense)! Here is how to opt out of Comcast using your modem as a public wifi hotspot.
Update #2: Some readers are concerned about losing Comcast Voice capabilities. Don’t be. I’ve been using an Ooma for over a decade with Comcast, and it only costs a few bucks per year in taxes. In other words, more savings. You simply plug the Ooma device in to the back of your router.
Comcast Rental Fee Discussion:
How have you been able to get rid of your Comcast or other ISP rental fees?
What gateway or modem/router combo do you personally recommend?
Related Posts:
Xfinity Mobile Review
Dear Comcast: Your Customer Service Still Sucks
Comcast Broadband Usage Caps | msmarco_doc_00_16471546 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/how-much-to-tip-for-food-delivery/ | How Much do you Tip for Food Delivery?
How much to tip for food delivery is a whole different game than how much to tip waiters in a restaurant. We examine & ask the readers their opinion.
Menu
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
How Much do you Tip for Food Delivery?
Last updated: January 6, 2018 G.E. Miller180 Comments
Tipping at Restaurants: The Standards for Tipping Waiters or Waitresses
The number that keeps getting thrown out as a standard tipping percentage at restaurants is 15%. I usually stick to that, but go up to 20% if the waiter/waitress is likable and does a good job. I go down to 10% if I get below standard service. Most restaurants that add in the gratuity for large parties factor in 18% as a standard.
As a side note, if you’ve ever been out to eat with a former waitstaff, you’ll often see them go higher than 20%, because they empathize with how difficult the job is for the money.
But…. do the same rules apply to food delivery tipping?
Tipping for Food Delivery: Not as Clear Cut
While most people have heard the general guidelines for tipping waitstaff in restaurants, it’s not as clear cut for food delivery, most commonly – the pizza delivery guy. CNN suggests this for how much to tip on food delivery:
10% of the bill (excl. tax), at least $1 for bills up to $10. Should tip 15%-20% for a difficult delivery.
Here is a general guideline that I have seen offered elsewhere:
15% for normal service, with a $2 minimum; 20% for excellent service; 10% or less for poor service; at least 10% for orders of $50 or more.
My take on How Much to Tip the Delivery Person:
There are so many factors that go into it. If you have a decent size order and the place is within a mile or two of your house, I can see 10% being enough – but I’d never go under that. And if it is more than a few miles and a small order, under $10 or so, I’d probably go up to 20% or more.
One this is for sure: you should tip for food delivery. Many delivery restaurants pay minimal wages, and do not pay per delivery, so delivery staff wages are heavily reliant on your tips. Put yourself in their shoes.
How Much Tip Discussion:
What are the rules you follow when tipping food delivery people?
How much do you tip restaurant waitstaff?
Related Posts:
How Much do you Tip for Takeout?
How to Save Money at Restaurants
4 Keys to Saving Money on Groceries
Related Posts
The Beginners Guide to Playing Disc Golf
Earning More Does Not Cure All
Finding Happiness Along the Way to Long-Term Financial Goals
180 Comments
Kevin
I agree with Jess on this one, I don’t really take into account the size of the order because it’s pretty much the same work to deliver something that is $5 or $50.
I usually just give them $3 as a flat fee regardless of what the amount is. That being said, I’m usually ordering for 1-2 people so the bill isn’t really expensive to begin with (typically under $30). So, my tips usually end up being a little over 10%.
Also, I do believe you have to take into account any delivery charge that is added to your bill by the store. I usually just add $2 if there is a delivery fee added.
ColWol
you’re everything that’s wrong with the world.
Puertokid
I live in Spain. The tipping regime is nothing for a lunchtime menu del dia (considered the customers strict budget option) and between 5% and 10% dinner. It’s tough out there.
jzh
tipping is a disrespect in japan.
Albus Dumbledore
I don’t see what’s wrong with Kevin’s approach. A server runs around to with plates, drinks, and provides customer service. The work goes up fairly in proportion with the bill.
A server gets less than 15% after tipping out to cooks, hostesses, and bus boys. A driver just picks up the bags and drops them off, but you think he deserves a full 15% or more?
I work hard at my job and feel underpaid… but I don’t get any tips. Maybe I should walk around with a tip jar strapped to my belt.
Jen
Last time I checked a waitress doesn’t use their vehicle and gas to get you your food from the kitchen.
Bob
Kevin’s assumption, and yours, is wrong. It does take more to deliver larger orders (several trays) than a $5.00 bag (one sandwich). In addition, the company keeps the delivery fee, not the driver.
Ruth H
I think tipping should be banned. Why don’t the restaurants raise the prices and pay the employees a decent wage instead of making them act like beggers? I’m a Senior and can’t afford to eat out very often, never at a “Good” place, just family places. I have a hard time saving to go occasionally. To have to pay someone’s wages is unfair. If they charged more I would order something less expensive and not made to feel “CHEAP” because I can’t leave a big tip.
PS I was a waitress and hated to see people feel required leave a tip!
Ruth H
I’m sorry, but I was under the assumption that the delivery fee went to the driver to cover his car costs. We used to have free delivery and I tipped. When they added the delivery fee I stopped tipping. A round trip to my house is less than a mile. A $3 tip + a $2 delivery fee for an $8 pizza is absurd!
The pizza places should let us know they keep the money as a way to increase the cost of pizzas!
Adam
Its called convience fee if its too much then take your lazy ass to the store and burn your own gas.
Sam
The restaurant keeps the delivery fee. Drivers pay for all vehicle costs and frequently don’t get reimbursed properly. There have been many class action lawsuits against pizza chains because they effectively are paying drivers less than minimum wage after the drivers pay for these business expenses. It is also a much more dangerous job than waitressing.
Mary
As long as I can remember restaurants have always kept the delivery charge and the drivers only got to keep the tip. If you’re talking about what to tip on an eight dollar pizza all you would have to give the guy would be a dollar because that would be more than 10% ! Especially when you say you Live so close!
Amanda
I completely agree!
katt
There is no way any kind of minimum wage or even 10 dollars an hour is good enough to be a server. The kind of stuff we have to put up with from people is ridiculous. If people cannot afford to tip, get to go food. They should tip for that as well, but at least then you’re not taking up time on somebody’s table when they could be serving someone who will pay a good amount for awesome service.
noah
So young… so dumb. Delivery fees plus tips (pizza delivery drivers do not receive the same type of wages as waiters/waitresses) are outstanding. Maybe I would feel worse if they made 2.33$/hr like normal wait staff.
Sss
People don’t realize this, but if you stiff your driver repeatedly, or you are an asshole, or both, your driver WILL REMEMBER YOU. Maybe not your face, or your name, but your address. Same goes if you’re exceptionally nice and a great tipper, you will receive better service than the others.
But one thing to remember before you stiff or piss off your driver, your food is alone with them, in their car, from the time they leave the store until the time they get to your house. Little reminder.
bev
I totally agree!!! I never received a tip from any place I’ve worked. Companies need to pay their own employees. We should not have to pay someone’s salary. We can not write it off on our taxes as an expense as the company can. So not fair.
Ps…I’m a senior as well, with poverty level income after working all my life. As you, I am very lucky to eat out,let alone get out! Delivery people should be getting the delivery fees to pay for their car expenses!
Donald Jones
I agree with you with the company the driver works for should help pay for vehicle maintenance. If they don’t they should provide a vehicle for them.
Bob
You’re a real f-ing peach!
Kels
Ruth, do you enjoy having good service? Imagine going out after you saved up double the amount to go to a “family” restaurant, only to receive horrendous service? 2 things you haven’t thought about because you haven’t been a server (waitress is not what we’re called anymore.) 1; there is not 2 servers and a cook working. Almost ever. The few dollars extra most people think they’d pay so that the “waitress” is paid a “fair” wage is not accurate. During a Saturday night at my job (we aren’t in a huge city, or a very big restaurant) we usually rack up about 100 hours of labour with kitchen and service staff combined. Now split that between guests who come in… it’s not a few dollars. And what about the really good servers? They surely deserve more! So would you prefer the prices to go up and down to accommodate raises? Probably not. 2; the next thing to consider is that if serving is suddenly a job anyone can be hired for, that means ANYONE can serve you. Never been in the industry before? Doesn’t matter. Unfriendly? Doesn’t matter, because after years of paying everyone the exact same wage and servers not needing to earn their tips by working hard, you’ll end up with a bunch of complacent staff that aren’t working hard because they still get the same amount of money each week. Sure, get rid of the bad ones! But staff turnover is already high, and the places that do have an entire staff of great servers have some of the best moral and relationships with each other, making their jobs more fun and less stressful, isn’t that what most people want?
Donald Jones
Just to let you know a pizza delivery guy in the U.S. get paid as under minimum wage as low as 4 bucks an hour. To top it off the store doesn’t pay for gas or vehicle maintenance. That comes out of the drivers pocket. A good driver will spend about $100 a week on gas alone. I’m speaking from experience. The average weekly take home of a driver is only about 300 not including gas. Do the math. Drivers have to take care of there vehicles and the cost added up.
Ferrell
If you can’t afford to tip do not use the service! The drivers make around $3-5 hr. They should be tipped as well as the waiter staff.
Driver for a long time
they actually should be tipped better! Drivers didn’t bring food from the kitchen actually from 6 miles away! so imagine that your waiter concentrated on your order for at least 20 minutes straight like your delivery driver does and he has to return to the store in his own vehicle!
Daniel Christner
Pick up a bag with $6.00 worth of pizza and then pick up a bag with $80.00 worth of pizza and tell me if it’s the “same work.”
julie smith
Wow, hope you never order from my restaurant. First most of the time delivery drivers don’t get the delivery fee. Second the industry standard is $5.00 for orders under $50 or less and 15% for orders over $50. Third you seem oblivious to the fact that what you are paying for is the service and convenience of not having to leave the comfort of your home to get your food. Are you bothering to take into consideration how far the driver has to travel to bring you your food? Are you considering the weather? You do a $3 flat fee? Please for a crappy tip like that do us all a favor and call in your order for take out and pick it up yourself.
John R
You tip someone for doing a good job. It’s supposed to be a voluntary, occasional thing you do if you liked how you were served. Someone who’s delivering me food isn’t interacting with me whatsoever. Often times, the food is left and I don’t even get to see the driver at all. As far as I know, maybe a drone delivered my food. So then I’m not really “tipping” for service, I’m just paying wages directly. Why is it my job to pay someone’s wages if they’re not working for me? They’re working for the restaurant, the restaurant should be paying their wages. The fact that you are OBLIGATED to tip your “standard” fee is the reason why restaurant owners can defer the responsibility of paying the drivers to the customers. You are the problem, not the customers who dont tip what you think the “industry standard” is.
Frances
There seems to be a lot of confusion on this board. Only if the driver works directly for the restaurant does the restaurant pay wages (or should at least). Those are probably the restaurants who keep the delivery fee.
However, these new companies that have delivery drivers for many restaurants, are sub-contracting the drivers. The drivers do not work for the restaurants or the companies. The restaurants are paying the companies a percentage of the cost of your meal. The restaurants are paying for the convenience of not having to pay more than one full time driver. This way they have many drivers and can call as orders come in. They do not have to pay someone if their are no orders.
The drivers are working for themselves as a sub-contractor. Therefore, the restaurants are not paying their wages, neither is the company. So, those who are saying “someone just delivering my food is not interacting with me whatsoever” and feel they should not have to tip.
You have to remember this is a service you are receiving. The drivers are paying for the gas, paying for the maintenace of their vehicles, their insurance, wear and tear on their vehicles and last but not least their own taxes. This is the transit/delivery fee. They drive to the restaurant, pick up your food, drive to your house, deliver your meal and drinks to your door. This is the tip for the delivery/time and providing a service. If you do not tip the driver, they wouldn’t break even. They are not making any money. You are paying for the convenience of this service. Paying for getting food from restaurants who otherwise do not deliver. Paying for not having to go and get it yourself. You cannot expect a sub-contractor to do this for free. You should be tipping 10%-15% on top of the transit/delivery fee. Whatever the website is calling that fee. Otherwise you are ripping off the driver. Did you know this job is rated one of the top 5 most dangerous jobs in North America by insurance companies? I doubt being a waiter or waitress rates that high on the list.
Driver for a
You are just cheap–please I beg you pick up your order!!
Frances
It gets even more complicated with these new businesses like Skip. These delivery/courier drivers use their own vehicles, pay for the gas, wear and tear on their vehicles, then maintenance on their vehicles. They do not work for the restaurants. That is what skip calls the delivery fee. However on the courier side/app they call it the Transit fee.
Therefore if you do not tip the delivery/courier driver. As a customer you have basically just ripped them off completely! The delivery/courier driver has just driven to the restaurant, picked up your meal, delivered it to your house and to you for FREE. You have paid them nothing for their time or delivering your food.
On top of that they paid the gas to get there.
To waiters and waitresses who think they work harder than these delivery/courier drivers – GIVE YOUR HEAD A SHAKE – You are getting 10% to 20% to bring a customers meal from the kitchen to their table. Is that smile on you face while doing it to difficult. Not saying it is not a difficult job, it is. However, don’t think that driving in rush hour traffic, getting in and out of a vehicle numerous times a day and walking up god know how many flights of stairs etc… all day is all that easy either. Yes these delivery drivers do it with a smile on their faces too.
People should be paying the delivery/transit fee – plus a 10% to 15% to these drivers. It is astonishing how many customers do not tip at all, even when there is good service. They think the delivery/transit fee is enough and it is not!
Frances
One more note: the delivery/transit fee depends on how far you are from the restaurant. If you are 4 blocks from the restaurant the delivery fee will be low. If you are 10km from the restaurant it will be much higher.
Fred
I tip. That said here is what you are failing to consider. These businesses are counting on the sale of product that would not happen without the delivery service. Service they are trying to avoid paying for while simultaneously seeking to profit from. Need I explain the problem with that?
Frances
Yes that may be so but it is still the delivery driver that pays or get penalized on all counts. If customers do not give a decent tip, they make no money.
These businesses can always find new drivers. A new driver may not stay long. They try the job and learn then leave. Therefore, even if there is a revolving door of drivers, the businesses still thrive. The restaurants thrive, the customers get their food. The delivery drivers pay, unless they get decent tips. Customers should tip 10%-15% on top of delivery/transit fee or drivers are delivering their food for free. The customers could always pick up their own food as well because drivers who stay are starting to refuse to deliver to the “no tip” and “extra low tip” houses. Imagine driving to a restaurant with their own vehicle, picking up someone’s meal, driving it 5km-10km to their home, delivering it to their door. Then getting a $1.00 tip. I wouldn’t blame any of them for not going back. It’s an insult. People who do that are arrogant and a disgrace.
Jake
Just so you know a delivery charge doesn’t go to the driver…I really don’t like delivering to people like you…3$ is offensive…and 2$….jeez. The place I work at charges a $2 delivery fee, to which I don’t see a dime…it’s to pay for the delivery drivers and buy all the equipment
Jess
Well you have to take into account delivery fees. Some delivery folks rely on tipping, others get a flat fee per delivery. If I am charged $4 for delivery, i am not going to throw more than a buck at the delivery guy.
Other things to take into account, if the person is driving their own car or a company vehicle.
i also take into account weather conditions and joviality of the delivery person.
I am not too sure that the size of the order should be a big factor though. While it takes a waitress considerable more effort to attend to and serve a $75 meal vs a $20 meal, the delivery person just puts it all in the front seat and makes a single trip, no matter how large the order is.
I always tip waitstaff more.
G.E. Miller
@ Jess – agreed on the delivery charge that’s factored in already. If it is, I don’t even know that you should tip at all. In fact, I’d love to see some standard in the industry where they just worked delivery charge in and took the guesswork out of tipping.
elizabeth
As a Pizza hut delivery driver, we DO NOT get delivery fees that the store charges!! When y’all. Count that as part of the tip, your doing nothing but stiffing the driver that works hard and pays for the gas to get to your house. Personally, with gas at about 3.50 a gallon, I think all tips should be at least $3, and go up from there. And cash is more apprieciated, but remember you can always add the tip to your credit card total.
sarah
Agreed. At dominos the drivers are paid $4 an hour on the road and minimum wage in the store. We charge 2.50 per delivery and the drivers do not get any. They do get some mileage but it changes constantly. Right now its about $1.40 for the initial delivery. If they take another order with them they get 1.5 times 1.40 for the total delivery. If they take three orders..they do not get any mileage. They expect at least 10-15% minimum. However because people think they get the $2.50 that goes to the company, the drivers are always getting stiffed. They use personal cars that go through quite a bit of wear ans tear.
Ryan
Where I work I do every job. I take your order cook it and deliver it not to mention I do all the prep work and cleaning. Doing all that work for a $2 tip or no tip really sucks. People don’t realize some of us do more than just bring you your food. Gas prices are also insane so most of my tips go to the gas I used that day.
Daniel L Christner
We only get part of the delivery fee. When I worked for Papa John’s, they charged $4.00 for delivery. We only got $1.20 of that. The rest went to pay insurance for the drivers. So people gladly pay for the pizza, pay the delivery charge, but somehow don’t have money to tip drivers. It’s bullshit. Driver’s have plenty of maintenance costs and gas to pay for their cars, which comes out of their pockets.
BD
Well, the 75.00 meal vs the 20 meal option for a waitress actually should apply to a delivery person I think. A nice meal for two fits in a lil grocery bag easily carried, but when ordering lunches say from the office for 10+ people, Or if ordering several 2 litre bottles of soda with any size meals, I have seen drivers have to make multiple trips, carry big boxes of food up stairs etc….
Daniel Christner
Put a 5 inch box of 6 wings in a hot bag. Now take another hot bag and stuff in 4 extra large pizzas. Notice a difference in weight? Or try to deliver 20+ pizzas in 4 bags to a school sometime. Educate yourself before telling everyone the size of the order makes no difference.
julie smith
Wow, hope you never order from my restaurant. First most of the time delivery drivers don’t get the delivery fee. Second the industry standard is $5.00 for orders under $50 or less and 15% for orders over $50. Third you seem oblivious to the fact that what you are paying for is the service and convenience of not having to leave the comfort of your home and have your food brought right to your door. What kind of Joviality do you expect from the delivery driver? Should they perform some kind of song and dance when you open your door? If you want to be so offensive with insulting tips then next time either cook your own food or place your order or take out and pick it up yourself.
Ace
One thing that I’ve heard in the past, (sorry I don’t have any facts to prove this) is that the deliverer does not get the fee. Because of this, I’ve always tried to tip at least 10% of the meal on top of whatever the delivery fee is. It’d be great if someone could confirm or deny this, because if the deliverer does not get the fee, then I would hate to stiff them on tip because I didn’t know any better.
G.E. Miller
@ Ace – I don’t think there are any set rules on whether or not the deliverer gets the fee – which is what makes it a guessing game for everyone.
GEOFF JOHNSON
I work as a delivery driver for pizza hut,we charge 2.29 delivery charge,I get 1.25 a trip i drive generally 4-10 miles a trip and yes that is 5.00 after 4 deliveries but you are not factoring my wear and tear on tires,seats from getting in and out,and weather sucks truly.I say if you can’t tip according do not order we do a lot more than you think we prep your food most of the time,we have to check and make sure you have all of your sauces and wants fufiled,I always go to my good regular tippers first no matter if you order 20 mins before them,they help me,the person that says keep the change is just going to insult me so why rush.If you do not want to tip according then drive and get yourself….that wait staff server did not use her personal equipment,and drive thru traffic risking an accident to bring you your food.So in lite if you want to be lazy and just relax at home you need to show that you appricate it,3.00 minimum for orders under 10,10-40 should be atleast 15%,and after that 10% after you tip 10.00 or more I get tipped accordingly by very few people but when I do I take care of them and offer them discounts and other freebies that I am not going offer someone who can’t even tip me to cover the cost to bring your food so,shame on anyone who doesnt 3.00 or more everytime
Sal
As a driver I get none of the delivery fee.I deliver in all kinds of weather.I don’t get why you think a servwr in the resyaraunt should get more because the walk 20 feet to deliver to ,while I drive through rain,snow and whatever to get your food to you,while your in your pj’s because yo don’t want to go out in the bad weather.
Then you say be careful you don’t slip on the ice or snow that you where to inconsiderate to clear.
[email protected]
I’m a delivery driver as well and can say the driver does not get the delivery fee that you are charged!!! Also you have to account for maintenence, tires, oil changes, tune ups, as well as the many many miles that are put on our personal cars that depreciate the value of the vehicle on top of GAS!!! And I have noticed that with the rising gas prices tips seem to be going downhill and which makes more and more nights lately a loss when it comes to having to put gas back in the car. And you can forget about making sure the car gets preventive maintenence, such as oil changes and tuneups, to prevent a major breakdown later!!!
So please be generous to the person who brings your food when you don’t want to leave your house to get it yourself!!!!!! Because in this economy quitting isn’t much of an option either when jobs are so hard to come by!!! And most of us have families and kids we have to support as well!!!!!
Jen
I seriously hope that most delivery drivers do not expect to support families with that job. I thought they were mostly students just trying to make a little spending money.
Also, don’t they get paid wages? Everyone is making it sound like they don’t make anything other than what the customer decides to tip.
Eric
Yes we get a paid wage of about $6 a hour… That is below minimum. We depend on tips for any additional money. Keep in mind that AAA says that for the average car in 2012 it costs about 56 cents per mile. So when I drive 2 miles to your house, and then two miles back to work, I am already in the hole $2. If you tip me $2 I hardly brake even. Most people tip 75 cents or $1.
Always tip the delivery guy at least $2… At least! You are having someone come out to your house and deliver something for you. If you don’t want to spend the $2 or $3 on a tip, PLEASE USE YOUR OWN CAR AND GAS AND DRIVE TO THE RESTAURANT AND PICK IT UP YOURSELF.
DELIVERY GUYS DESERVE AT LEAST $2 IN TIPS. I say $3 is a “fair” tip with inflation and the economy the way it is. If that is too much, make the drive yourself and pick up your own food and don’t waste my gas and make me wear and tear on my car just to break even.
Fred
The delivery fee is absurd. That said there is no job that one can do that should be incapable of supporting oneself and ones family on. All employment is vocation. If one hits full time equivalent it had best be living wage.
James croft
I managed a Dominos, Papa Johns and other chains. The drivers are paid a little more than a waiter hourly and the rest is earned from thier tips. No delivery fee is given to them the delivery fee is to help cover thier hourly to reduce overhead. The mom and pop places are usually better for the drivers. However, one large mom and pop in a college town made thier drivers 1099 employees and they recieved the fee but they were also paying double taxes on it. And what these drivers do not realize is that there is a union for them to join and I have seen people join and trust me the cost is carried over to the consumer.
Pauly691
Most big name pizza chains charge a delivery fee, like $2 per delivery, and just give the drivers half of that per delivery. They also pay their drivers what waiter’s make. In Florida that’s $4.25 an hour when they are on the road and minimum wage when they are in the shop. So, if you where to include a $2 tip on a $20 bill the driver would make $2 tip+ $1 delivery charge + $2.12(if it takes him about a half an hour to get to your house and back to the parlor for another delivery) or about $10.75 per hour. After wear and tear on their vehicle and gas that doesn’t leave a whole lot for other expenses.
When I was driving in the late 90’s I was making over $15/hour consistently for 8 hours a day, five days a week. Gas was only $1.35 back then and I thought that was expensive. I can also remember back in the 70’s the Chinese food delivery guy complained because my parents only tipped him $1. Go figure. Gas .70/gallon and a new car $5000 bucks.
Pizza delivery companies gouge their customers and their employees equally. I haven’t had a pizza delivered in years and don’t plan on having one delivered in the future until fast food pizza chains start paying their drivers a decent wage again.
Nicole
I was an Assistant manager at Dominos Pizza and I know for a fact that the “delivery fee” goes to the company NOT the driver. I’m pretty sure it actually says this on the box that the delivery fee is not a tip to the driver. However, its in small print and I don’t think many people know this so they assume it’s the tip for the driver when it isn’t. This causes confusion in customers so drivers tend to not get tipped m
Donald Jones
Confirmed! Driver does not get the fee. At least I know pizza delivery.
LauraSO
I always tip MORE when I get food delivered. An average server walks your food from the kitchen to your table. The delivery person drives it to your house! (or apartment). I guess I only get delivery once or twice a year, so I consider it a Lazy Tax on myself that I am unwilling to go get food myself. I try to tip between 20% – 30%.
John
Being in Australia, I don’t tip at all.
I already paid for delivery so why would I pay for them completing their job.
They usually get a flat rate per hour for sitting around + $$ for every delivery they make.
I have seen some rates of $12 per hour + $2 for each delivery made.
I know of some people that used to take their University assignments with them to work while they sit around waiting being paid.
Its not bad for someone studying.
Michael
1. I take into account the actual pizza place too. If it’s a local business, I tip more because I want to support my neighborhood. If it’s a chain, I tip $1-2.
2. I’d be interested to know how much drivers actually get paid, because I have a feeling that the tip is not nearly as necessary to their wages as it is for a server.
3. Why does my tip go to the driver anyway? Other people took my order and made my pizza — why does the driver get a bonus?
Earl
Well I work at a local shop and here’s my take on your points
1- Awesome, like I said I work at a local business :)
2- I think most chains get min. wage, but some drivers get less, like waitresses and whatnot, I get about 5-ish an hour(on salary, weird right? :P) and plus, unlike waitresses, we do dish out gas, maintenance, etc. so I’d say it’s more necessary
3- While I DO see your point, they get minimum wage or more, for still easy work, and aren’t driving their own car to bring you your food. So ultimately I’d say a tip isn’t necessary, but it’s the polite thing to do, for doing something so you don’t have to.
P.S. Regarding the “delivery fee,” I don’t know about local shops, but chains only give about $1-1.25 of the fee per delivery to the driver. We don’t have one but I still get a buck per, good for everyone :P
BD
Plus, I am sure your employer is not chipping in to help pay your car insurance!
GEOFF JOHNSON
to answer a few questions for you we get tipped because we drive our own cars,fuel,tires etc to your house to convinience you the customer,I am sorry but if you are that cheap go get it yourself honestly.We make your food a lot of times to.There is more than you know.Had cold food or slow delivery times,probably because you don’t tip and when you don’t tip we just don’t care because we are going if lucky break even bringing your food to you so I make them wait last always regardless of order sequence Up to an hour after order you want your food fast and hot.TIP YOUR DRIVER ACCORDINGLY 15% ALWAYS BUT A MIN. OF 3.00 DO NOT BE CHEAP BELIVE THE CHEAP ONES GET TALKED ABOUT THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE STORE DO NOT BE THAT GUY,MIGHT JUST GET SHACKIN POP OR SKIMPPY TOPPINGS JUST BECAUSE WE CAN AND PEOPLE WHO THINK LIKE THIS IN OUR EYES ARE SCUMBAGS AND WHEN WE GET STIFFED WE PUT YOUR NAMES AND ADDRESSES IN A BOOK TO REMEBER IF YOU TIP GOOD AND WHAT KIND TROUBLES WE HAVE HAD WITH YOU IN THE PAST.
Ian
probably best that you change your job rather than feel such hatred for people who are keeping a business alive…no wonder america is a mess
jamesup
Thank you for stating a tip you expect. Most of these comments just say tip a lot or little. What’s that? James
Daniel Christner
Because the driver had to put it in their car and deliver it all the way to your house?
Daniel Christner
Because the people that took your order and made your pizza get to stay in the store and do their job for minimum wage or more, while the drivers that have to go out on the road get paid less BECAUSE of anticipated tips. Drivers get $2-$4 less because they are tipped employees. If you don’t think it’s fair for you to “pay” employees because their bosses won’t, I’ll be the first in line to congratulate you – when you stop talking about it and DO something about it. I’m waiting…..
BankVibe
With restaurants or any sort of food deliver I would generally tip between 20-25% Here is why:
A) They are generally young students (either college or high school) and are probably using this job as a stepping stone to a better life and could undoubtedly use the excess cash.
and…
B) They are almost always using their own vehicles for these deliveries. When I was in college we would get stipend for gas mileage on deliveries, however, this wouldn’t take into consideration the depreciation of the car’s value, necessary repairs etc, etc…
G.E. Miller
@ This is a side note – but has anyone else noticed a correlation between pizza delivery drivers and drug abusers? I’m just saying – I’ve encountered it time and time again. Not saying they all are… but compared to the rest of the general public…. there seems to be a high correlation there.
A
Most store do NOT hire teenagers for delivery drivers. Some states do not permit teenage drivers to be out alone after dark simply to start. What the state permits aside, the store can be sued for damages if one of their drivers gets into an accident while driving.
My store’s delivery fee was instituted to pay for the new point of sale system.
I have had drunken college students literally jump onto the hood my car, and have had drunken men surround my car while out on deliveries.
The moment a waitress has to consider running someone over to ensure her safety we can talk about how I deserve a smaller tip than she does.
Daniel Christner
I have been delivering pizzas for one and a half years for a major chain and have not touched illegal drugs for over 25 years.
jared
I have been around the pizza delivery business for some time and can positively confirm that drivers absolutely do not receive any portion of the delivery charge. The delivery charge is nothing more than a price increase, the money goes directly to the store.
In most states, drivers are paid subminimum wages and must rely on tips to bring them up to minimum wage level.
Pizza delivery drivers are not waiters. Drivers use their personal vehicles to deliver food and incur expenses for vehicle maintenance/insurance that waitstaff do not.
@G.E. Miller-I don’t know or care what your location is, but any correlation between delivery drivers and drug abuse is unique to your area. Most drivers are decent, hard working individuals.
G.E. Miller
@Jared – Agreed – not generalizing – It’s just that I’ve known 4 drivers personally who abused drugs. Didn’t know if it was a trend or just a personal experience.
b
Soo true! I noticed that too along w million others- same day cash for drug habits
Daniel Christner
To say that the majority of delivery drivers are users of illegal drugs is a highly false and at the least inaccurate generalization.
voula swenson
You are incorrect about the pizza deliervery man not receiving the fee from delivery charges. It must be a local thing, because the driver himself told me that he does get the delivery fee, so anything he gets beyond that is his also. That said, if it is delivered hot and timely, I tip about $3.00 per order no matter how small or a little more than $15 percent.
Jbird
So he isn’t incorrect it depends, most delivery drivers do NOT receive the delivery fee; I do not receive it and i work very hard. I get paid min wage, with no mileage reimbursement or anything like that, so when I get stiffed on tips yea… it gets under the skin, do I show it to the customer? Absolutely not; although I wish they would understand that driving food to their doorstep so they don’t have to through rain, sleet , snow isn’t very easy. Some of you people underestimate what we do, we do NOT just sit in the store waiting to make money , that may be true in Australia but you cannot make a comparison to here in the United States. Delivery drivers do dishes ,help prepare food and clean, not to mention risk their cars especially in nasty weather, so not tipping them and claiming ignorance on the delivery fee (ask, I will never talk about the delivery fee with a customer, but they can ask the store manager) I think is wrong. I have driven 10-15 miles for one delivery and didn’t get tipped. Bottom line is this, you guys tip waiters and waitresses they work hard, as do delivery drivers. We sacrifice our cars risk lives in inclement weather to get food to YOUR house when you do not feel like driving and picking it up. We give up a lot of money paying for gas etc and car maintenance (like i said most of the drivers don’t get mileage comp or maintenance comp). It is optional to tip but I still think it is rather rude on the part fo the customer to not tip the driver. Off rant.
Danielle
Generally $5 for a 1 or 2 pizza delivery order ($20-30), and 20% standard for tips in-restaurant, more if the service was extraordinarily good.
Budgeting in the Fun Stuff
I eyeball it…a $15 pizza delivery usually gets $1-$2 if it was more than 45 minutes or $3-$5 if it was faster…
Daniel Christner
Please educate yourself on the dynamics of pizza delivery. If a pizza has to be made over because of a mistake or if you live more than 8 to 10 miles from the store, yeah it’s gonna take a while. In 99.9% of the cases the driver has NO bearing on how long the delivery takes.
pierider
The delivery charge pays for my gas because there are so many cheap assholes who won’t tip. Since the boss has to collect it this way h e nicks part of it to put in his beer fund.
Tip me or die, asshole. It’s how I make a living.
Josh
@Jess – First of all, delivery fees are not tips — they go straight into the stores back pocket. Secondly (and I’m not trying to minimize what waitresses do, I think they have respectable jobs) — but what makes it right to tip your waitress more than you tip the delivery driver, with all else equal?
Did the waitress use her gas and put wear and tear on her own vehicle to bring the food to your table? No – she walked. Did she risk her life to bring the food to your table? No – unless she was handling dangerous cutting utensils on a slippery floor. Does your waitress have to endure snow and rain to bring food to your table, at a time when EVERYONE wants food delivered? No. Please don’t snub us delivery drivers like that. We put just as much work, if not more, into delivering your food as a waitress does in bringing the food to your table.
Third, and I think someone pointed this out already…what’s the difference between bringing a steak to your table as opposed to a hamburger?
Vi
Pizza delivery is hard work (my husband was once one.) That said, my mom was a waitress for 50 years (right, 50!), and let me tell you they work much harder than pizza delivery service. You say they “walk” not drive? And you think that’s is harder than walking? Walking is damn tough on your feet, back, legss, etc. The wait person has to make a ton of trips to your table to serve you, keep your coffee, tea, hot and plentyful. Deal with more of this and that, take your insults or whatever. Get a kid’s seat for your child, pick up your dirty dishes, sometimes pick up your check, take it to the cash register, return your change. And be very pleasant, too boot. Then, if the cook doesn’t do the order right, the wait person catches hell. Try dealing with an ornery cook! If you complain to them, often they will slow down your order, etc., just to show you whose running the show. Come on now, food drivers work hard, but it’s not nearly the same as what a wait person has to do.
Fred
Sounds like your Mom is better at complaining than your Dad is. Not an atypical scenario. Everything you described as unpleasant about waitressing applies to delivery driving and delivery driving still has several things on top of it. Is waitressing easy work? No. Don’t confuse it for being harder than it is though.
Josh
@G.E. Miller – Delivery fees are not tips. Plain and simple. You should always tip for food delivery, regardless of any fees that go along with it.
The delivery fees were implemented in order to hide menu price increases in order to make everything else look artificially low. A good example of this is the Pizza Hut promotion in which you can get any pizza for $10.00. If you request it for delivery it suddenly turns into a $13.50 pizza. Bait and switch at its finest.
Daniel Christner
Bait and Switch is defined as advertising a price that is not attainable under any circumstances. A $10 pizza can be had for $10 (not including sales tax) for pickup and everyone knows stores charge for delivery. Therefore what you describe is NOT bait and switch.
Josh
@G.E. Miller — And I had previously mentioned this in another response, but the delivery drivers DO NOT get the delivery fee. It all goes back to the store as an extra source of revenue.
G.E. Miller
@ Josh – I don’t doubt you. If I were a driver, I would not want to work for a company that charged a delivery fee – b/c ultimately, think I would get lower tips. If the business is going to charge the consumer more, they should just factor it in to their prices (especially delivery only pizza providers).
Earl
thats why I got a job at a mom and pop shop, a lil less than min. wage, but hey, not gettin stiffed by that “delivery” charge.
Bucksome Boomer
I think it’s a little crazy to tip the same percentage to a delivery person as I would to the server in a full-service restaurant. 10% is reasonable and what I also tip at buffet restaurants.
Jason
no its crazy to tip less. think about it like this at my restaurant we have to deliver out as far as 10 miles(20 miles round trip) and we only get a dollar. which means at the price of gas at 4 a gallon. we lose 3 dollars if we were to be stiffed….(and thats not including maitanence) and we are risking our safety… i suggest u tip atleast 5 bucks for delivery or 3 minimum
jared
@G.E.Miller–The companies decided that adding a delivery charge, instead of raising their prices, would be more positive for their image. By doing so, they could legally advertise (what appear to be) lower prices on their menus. The customers believe they are getting a great deal. Problem is, customers are confused about tipping the driver because of the delivery charge. (Which, in reality, is really a price increase.)
Again, drivers do not receive ONE PENNY of the delivery charge.
@Bucksome Boomer—Delivery drivers ARE NOT WAITSTAFF. Pizza delivery is unique and most servers could never do the job. To outside observers, the job seems pretty simple, but that is simply not the case. However, if you tip, you are a valued customer. The drivers thank you!
Danielle (again)
I worked as a pizza delivery girl one summer during college, and I would hardly say the job is not “simple.” In my experience, any one who can drive and has some sense of direction can do it. Have you seen the prices for gas, insurance, etc. these days?! Tipping a few bucks barely covers that! If you’re so cheap that you can’t tip properly then just go pick up your own pizza. Yes, you pay for the pizza itself, but you also need to pay for the service that brings it to you… or you need to go get it yourself.
Fred
Or we can forgo the pizza because the delivery charge brings it to a comical rate and should enough people do so the pizza companies will remember that that “convenience” was offered to increase sales and consequently revenue for what is, at the end of the day, a hot open faced sandwich, at which point they will return to paying delivery drivers and offering free delivery.
James
Domino’s records in their computer how much people tip, I guess so that low tippers get cold pizza? I tip 3-4$ everytime.
Fred
More likely they are tracking the effect of their marketing(delivery charge shenanigans)
Joyce
I worked as a pizza delivery driver for 2 1/2 years. Then I worked inside for 2 years as a shift manager & a server(waitress).
Yes its true, the drivers do NOT get any of the delivery fee. What you are paying for is the box & supplies to deliver your food. It all goes to the company.
This was my biggest thing, no one knows about tipping for the delivery driver. The worst is the young & the old. The delivery driver does not get paid minimum wage. Its a tip paying job so the food companys pay them less per hour figuring they will make it up in tips. Then you have to report your tips so the tax man can have his share. Also everything is in the computer system.
None of the jobs were simple, & if it was busy & if anyone seen anyone standing around, they were in trouble. There is always something to do. Every hand is needed when it is busy.
Everyone takes orders on the phone, mostly the drivers. Your driver could take your order, deliver another order & be back to deliver your order. Servers are suppose to answer the phone too, but if their to busy with many tables they won’t. Which is kind of understandable because then they lose their good tips.
You don’t know what any job entails unless you actually do it yourself.
Its all been pretty much said in other responses, delivery drivers don’t just deliver the food. They are responsible for many things, they are the last one to double check your order, to make sure they have everything. They help in other areas. They count on your tip to add to their wages. Because they have to pay for everything on their car as, gas, insurance, maintenance, tires. If their car is not working & they don’t have another one to use, they are not working either.
So please tip your delivery driver, they appreicate it more than you know, because so much more comes out of their pocket. With gas prices as bad as they are, if you gave 15% or more, they would treat you well next time too.
Bucksome Boomer
The base wage of the driver varies from state to state. Food workers get at least minimum wage in California (which is higher than the federal).
That being said I do agree with tipping the delivery driver but tip $2 or 10% if more than that amount.
JoVici
My dad taught me $1 for every $5 of the tab . . . .and always round up first! Example . . . Tab is $21 . . round up to $25 and leave a $5 tip . . . . Keeps it simple . . .and I can always leave more . . ..
BaybiGurl27
I like this tip – makes it very easy!! Thank you! This would give the delivery guy/gal a 20% tip every-time!
jared
@James. Stores DO NOT record customer tips. By law, tips are strictly the business between the driver and the customer. Trolling is ignorant and you are being a buffoon.
GEOFF JOHNSON
BUT THE DRIVERS ALL DO BELIVE ME,DON’T TIP ME ONCE SHAME ON YOU,DON’T TIP ME AGAIN BELIVE YOUR KNOWN AFTER THAT AND WE WILL JUST WAIT FOR ANOTHER WHY YOUR FOOD SITS IN BAG ON A SHELF SO DO NOT TIP WE DON’T CARE WE HAVE A SYSTEM TO WEEN OUT YOU NON TIPPERS..GIVE YOU HORRIBLE SERVICE,BE RUDE,DO NOT SPEAK,COLD FOOD AND REALLY LONG WAIT TIMES WHILE WE ARE BSING AT THE LOCAL CORNER STORE WITH A FRIEND OR SUCH …..SO MY RECOMENDATION TO SOMEONE WHO DOES WANT TO TIP IS DON’T EXPECT MUCH AT ALL
M
As a former delivery driver, I ask you (or most of you) to please tip more. I echo the sentiments of the other drivers regarding the delivery fee. At my company, the delivery fee was $5.99 per order. I received $1.99 per order and NO salary per hour. So the tips meant everything.
All that, and we were fortunate to receive any of the delivery fee!
Vittoria
The delivery fee is NOT a tip nor is it for the driver – plus the driver uses their OWN car and gas and their reimbursement rate is PALTRY – much lower than the standard IRS rate of .50 cents a mile. Our store it usually adds up to .20 -.34 cents a mile which is RIDICULOUS – this is stop and start driving and leaving your car running which much harder on your car than highway driving. This is 2010 NOT 1980 a minimum of $3.00 tip should be added or 20 percent whichever is greater. Larger orders are heavier expecially when it involves drinks. Delivery drivers don’t just deliver they do all duties in the store as well. No pizza place is going to be able to afford to hire one person for each task – all employees must multitask so labor can be kept to a minimum. ALSO, MOST PIZZA PLACES PAY LESS THAN MINIMUM WAGE NOW AND SOMETIMES NO WAGES AT ALL – DRIVERS RELY ON TIPS. No one would do this thankless job if not for tips – try finding a waitrer/waitress or bartender to work for minimum wage only.
Why Tip?
Why should I tip the pizza driver? I tip the waitresses for their service, but what does the driver actually do? He doesn’t interact with me, refill my drinks, or ANYTHING that a waitress does. All he does is move my pizza from point A to point B, which a freaking kindergartner could do. Seriously, why would anybody tip that?
I don’t care what reimbursement the store gives the driver BTW. Tips are NOT REQUIRED. If your reimbursement doesn’t cover your gas and repairs, that’s something you take up with your boss. If you don’t like it, tough. Better go find a new job pal. Don’t expect me to fix your car for you, that’s YOUR responsibility. I only tip for service that DESERVES to be tipped.
Earl
That’s a fine mentality to have, as long as you don’t mind not having the convenience of delivery. If not, then don’t tip. If you get everyone not to tip, then you will no longer have the convenience. Local shops can’t afford to keep up cars themselves, and chains just wont do it. Either that or prices will skyrocket. Either or.
GEOFF JOHNSON
AND I WOULD DEFINATLY THROW YOUR FOOD ON THE FLOOR AFTER A WHILE OF THAT ATTITUDE-TWO WORDS DUDE YOU SUCK SIMPLY PUT CHEAPASSS GO GET YOUR OWN DAMN FOOD SCUMBAG]
Brian
in what state do kindergartners drive cars? the delivery driver does everything a server does in getting your food to you other then coming back to refill your drinks and clearing your table when your finished. however your server didn’t take money out of his pocket to bring your food across the dining room where your driver certainly did to put gas in the car he used to travel across town to get from point a to point b… just out of curiosity if its so simple a kindergartner could do it was it above your mentality level for you to go from point a to point b yourself?
Fred
Here is something for all of you who are lousy tippers or non tippers to think about. Your drivers WILL, most assuredly, remember you and the amount you tip. Most drivers are college age, and they have no allegiance to their bosses, nor do they have a lot of integrity when it comes to their job. If they feel slighted they have amazing power over you. In the post above, drivers have talked about making you wait for your delivery or getting you cold food.
But have you ever thought about bright eyed, devious little bastard who shows up QUICKLY with a nice HOT pizza and big smile, wishing you a nice evening – and delivers you a pizza onto which he has dripped his own urine or has added his own boogers; no extra charge. Do you think that that that hasn’t happened to you already? I would never do that, but I know a lot of drivers who would.
On the other hand, if you tip your drivers well, you can feel really good about yourself. I take 25 deliveries a day, or about 5,250 deliveries per year. If every person I deliver to (That would be YOU), tips me just an extra dollar or two over what they may have, I can earn up to another $10,500 per year! And all because my customers tip a couple of extra bucks! You tip an extra 2 dollars and it changes your life to the negative not one iota – but can literally pay for my college.
So, be nice and help a young person out. We know you will, won’t you?
Jake
At my job our boss encourages us to tell him if anyone doesn’t tip us….if you didn’t tip me I would tell my boss and he would put you on the “do not deliver” list…then when you would have to come pick up your pizza with your own gas you would see why you should’ve tipped…and I hope that day there is terrential downpour and roadwork that you have to endure!!! LOL . You’re an ignorant idiot
Frost
@Why Tip?-
You should tip because the service we provide is a conenience for you. If you don’t wish to tip, why not pick up your order? When you stiff us, you’re not only abusing the delivery service and screwing the driver over, you’re taking us away from customers who do tip. In conclusion, stop being a cheap twat and make the effort, a few buck won’t kill you and it will make drivers happy to take your order. Otherwise, I hop you like your pizza cold and your service crappy.
fool
It is cruel that the staff (waiters/waitresses and delivery persons) have to depend on tips. A tip should be for exceptional service only and the staff should be properly compensated by their employer and those costs should be reflected in the price of the food. The current system leaves everything to the whims of the owner and customer.
What do you tip your waitress if she only showed up at your table 25 minutes after you got there and every bucket of beer took 20 minutes to come by after your having asked for it? My roommate and I paid 10% as we did not want to risk receiving equally bad service the next time or worse yet…
In Texas, our taxes are 8.25% and usually I just double that (16.5% of the bill and 15¼% of the bill with taxes). I do it so do not have to ferry around tip cards or even do any multiplication, just add the tip to itself and you’re done). But this means my $10 sandwich w/ drink and fries is actually costing me $12.48, i.e. I pay a 25% premium to eat out all the time.
What would you have to tip if you had a simple order that was just expensive and cost $150 for two people, it required the waitstaff to ask you what you wanted, bring it to you and fill up your glasses 2 times and you were in and out of the restaurant in 30 minutes? $23 seems excessive to me and I would dial down to wards 8-10% at this time ($12-$15). Is this unfair?
Earl
I’d say no, for a waitress. A delivery driver however, I guess it still wouldn’t be unfair, but we’re lucky to get a few bucks usually anyway, so even 12 dollars would make us dance down your driveway. :P
Vittoria
First of all, for “Why Tip”, I just stated the delivery driver does all that a waitress and does and more. Check out http://www.tipthepizzaguy.com. The drivers do EVERYTHING in the the store before they leave it. That means take your order, make it, deliver it and then clean up afterwards. Second, to “fool” and every other person – try working a tipped profession and then do the math for what you suggest is a “fair” tip.
fool
@Vittoria
You’re right I have never worked a tipped profession, and to be fair, I did say that it is atrocious (I said cruel) that someone low down on the wage scale would have to deal with the uncertainties of tips.
In the current social setup, doctors and some lawyers make hundreds an hour, as an engineer I make ~$35/hour with a Master’s degree and 5 years of experience and CEOs make thousands of dollars an hour. Accordingly, a relatively low skill and low entry barrier job would be paid lower. If I were to tip someone $25 for a $150 product (mind you, the person receiving the tip did not add anything of value to the product, the service yes but not the product) and their labour was distributed over say 3 customers during the 30 minutes, the effective rate of tip would be $150/hour!!!
Does one tip the UPS/FedEx/USPS delivery person too? I guess not because they have a salary and gas is paid for by the company… If these other employers can do it (pay decent enough wages), what prevents restaurants from doing it and pricing it in the cost of food? I’d be willing to add a few percent as tip for good service. The onus for paying the salary/wages lies not with the customer but with the employer. If my employer (engineering is considered part of the services sector) said I should depend on tips from the clients, I wonder how things would be…
The incentive is set up such that eating at home will be about 40% the cost of eating out not considering the waiting period and travelling costs… I have not included the rent and wages of the employees who will cook and serve either… But then again, the staff at the grocery stores probably have not been paid well enough. The responsibility is being transferred down to the consumer at all levels and that is not right.
Frost
@fool-
It is a rarity in this business that any driver pulls down $150/hour. Even if the stars align and a driver gets a huge tip, it’s a once in maybe six months to a year that something that good happens.
If you believe that the onus should be on the employer, then I encourage you to support efforts to ban “tip-credit” in states where it’s practiced. Tip-credit is the law that allows employers to pay people in tipped occupations less than minimum wage. It used to be half the federal minimum, but in 1991 that wage was frozen in the law, so now waitstaff, bartenders, dealers at casinos, and drivers could legally be paid as little as $2.13 per hour.
You are bringing forth the mindset that it’s OK to punish the server because the industry doesn’t pay us adequately, because you feel a $25 tip on a $150 order translates into more money that you make with a master’s degree. Again, I echo Vittoria, drive a few miles in my car, do what I do, and it will disabuse you of the notions that we make too much money and that we don’t add value to the transaction.
former pizza driver
@fool.figures you are an engineer-way to live up to the sterotype. I have know many engineers over the years and only one was an *OK* tipper and that was because she waited tables in thbe past. They are hard jobs(serving, & driving) that you obviously are not willing to do otherwise you would be eating a frozen pizza on your couch or drive to pick up your order…so STFU & tip at a minimum of $3 for a small order or 20-25% for larger orders. Or, here’s a novel idea:go get it yourself!
As others have said: driver never gets any of delivery fee, usually just a very small amt. for gas that does not go anywhere near the added wear put on their cars and in many cases does not even cover fuel. They work in the crappiest of weather, and do a lot more than drive your order. Please, show some appreciation if you are going to order delivery. I have not done the job for years now, but after a few years of it I can tell you that most would not last a week. They earn every bit of their tips! Don’t be a cheapskate please….
I personally don’t order delivery very often because I can’t afford the extra fee + tip….so I go get it most of the time.
current driver
If you cannot tip more than 2.50, go get the damn pizza yourself. I get minimum wage, don’t get any of the delivery fee and my car is being ripped to the ground. Some nights all my tip money goes to fill up my tank. Its hotter than hell in the shop busting our ass prepping food and cleaning everything for crap minimum wage and then have to go out in the crap weather drive all the way to your house and wait outside and put the pizza right in your hands then mosey on back to slave in the kitchen. Bottom line, we get paid nothing, if you cant tip go get it yourself. We dont get delivery fee
G.E. Miller
@ Current Drive – well spoken. Hard to argue against that.
jamesup
Makes sense to me.
Melinda
I just had a $18.71 order,and gave the kid $4.29 tip……..I agree with Current Driver,just put yourself in their place .Don’t be a cheepo or go get it yourself.
fool
whoa!
I did not say I do not tip or do not want to tip. I agree with Frost, but the momentum for removal of tip-credit has to come from those directly affected by it, at least the beginning. I will stand by those people when they do fight.
In Australia, the service charge is included to pay for the services and a tip is just that, a tip for a job well done. Tips should not be a replacement of just wages.
I am not saying that wait staff makes $150/hr either, but I would be paying them at that rate… kinda similar to the $200/hr for the plumber… also, higher wages encourage middle class people like me to do it myself and thereby reduce the amount of business available for the plumbers/electricians/carpenters and further drive up the cost of hiring one… but that is another topic…
Sorry for bruising anyone’s feelings… I just asked what an appropriate tip be for a fancy hotel, did not mean to rile y’all up…
mk
I was very confused about service charge, so i thought it went to the driver. I called the restaurant and they told me it goes to the house, that charge is misleading. Poor delivery drivers, they must not be getting tipped much, I told the guy to come back and I will give him a tip. They should give the service charge to the drivers, because if you have to pay 2.50 for service charge plus tips it makes it not worth getting a delivery, when you can make the short drive to pick it up.
Tod
You should know that dine-in waiters and waitresses are only paid $2.01 an hour. They must submit their total sales to the government and the gov’t will automaticaly assume that the waiter received 15% in tips and now the waiter is taxed on that income. A driver does not have this same rule. They simply drive and drop off. I have Lunch & Learns for clients and sometimes the food bill is $200. No way am I going to pay $35 or $40 for delivery. $5-$10 max. The restaurant already pays this guy.
Earl
For anyone curious as to what the mysterious “delivery fee” is for, I actually decided to ask around about it. Apparently the general “explanation” is that it is to cover rising fuel costs for the delivery of ingredients etc etc to the store, not for the delivery of your pizza to your door. You’d think they could come up with a better name, but then people would throw a hissy fit about it, instead of thinking of it as an “insta-tip” if you will.
Wes
Its Customary to tip your driver 15% to 18%. really though it’s all about how Thankful you are for getting your food!!
Brian
15% is NOT a good rate for a tipping a server!!! 18% is used as the minimum tip, because that is what an average tip should be! For great service, 20%, for exceptional service above 20%, for not so great service, under 18%. Speaking as a server myself, this is what is understood by those who serve tables. Keep in mind, our wages are a fraction of normal hourly wages. Minimum wage for servers in Ohio, for instance, is 3.70 an hour. Not really making bank with that….
Ben @ BankAim
We always tip 20% minimum and then depending on service we tip more or less. Obviously if the server isn’t good we don’t tip as much, but when we find really good service we tip more, 25%.
Mike
The standard tip rate is still 15%. 25 years ago it was 10%. Now restaurants will charge 18% on large parties to make sure the server does not get stiffed. As for tipping drivers, 2-3 bucks; the bill total is irrelevant.
I used to work in the restaurant biz years ago so I understand the servers wanting to push the tip rate higher. But with restaurants continually raising their prices, to keep raising the tip fee will only force patrons to go to the drive thru restaurants and do away with the tip all together.
Brian
the bill total is relevant for taxes, 8% of your check total will be considered taxable income whether the driver gets that 8% or not. an example would be a $150 check would result in the driver paying more taxes on the tip then you even tipped. and then still have to put gas back in the car
Josh
I work part time as a pizza delivery driver. It is absolutely Horrible. I have been doing it since May, and the only reason that I still do it is because I need the extra money. All and all especially within the last few months, I doubt I have even made minimum wage. They pay us something like 5.50 an hour, and we get 1.50 per delivery (which is also taxed) They charge a 2.50 delivery charge, but we don’t get any of that at the end of the night. The guy who runs the place is a Bipolar asshat. To begin with the guy schedules way to many drivers per shift. He puts like 6 drivers on a Wed night?? His thoughts are that the more driveries he has, the more people will order from us. I don’t know what planet he’s living on. Let’s take last night for instance. I was scheduled to work from 5-9, but it was so slow (as it’s been for the last couple months), that I ended up getting off at 7:30. I took 3 deliveries, and they totaled to almost 10 dollars. I drive a 1999 Ford Explorer, so it takes me about .25 cents to drive each mile. A lot of times, we get people that live 7 miles ordering pizza from us. So if someone lives 7 miles there, and I have to drive 7 miles back, thats 14 miles (3.50) is what that costs me. Now, when they only give me 2 dollars, that means it costs me to deliver pizza to them. Yep, I actually have to PAY to go to work. It really pisses me off because the owner doesn’t even care. Also, within the last 3 months, I have had to put about $2,000.00 dollars worth of work in my truck. New Radiator, COMPLETE brake job including rotors, brake lines, freeze plugs, alternator, tune up, oil changes. They don’t pay for any of that, and my truck never needed any of these things before I started delivering Pizza, and I’ve had it for four years. Anyway, If I could find a better Part time job than I would, but it’s real slim pickings around here. Sorry about the long post, but I needed to let off a little steam to some of these people I see writing about how it’s “wrong” to tip the pizza guy. Thank You for listening.
Fred
He overschedules drivers because he essentially does not pay for drivers. Once in a blue moon the customer might benefit(without knowing it) but the drivers lose. It is simply an attempt to grab more business without paying for it. hence the observation of some that tip based employment should change.
Paul
I’ve been a delivery driver now for approximately six months, and I want to clear up a few misconceptions:
1.) The “delivery fee”. Some places charge a fee. Others do not. Of those who do charge a fee the percentage of that fee that goes into a driver’s pocket will range anywhere from 0% – 100%. I work for a company that contracts with dozens of other restaurants to provide drivers for their establishments in exchange for a cut of their sales. My employer charges a $5.75 standard minimum delivery fee (higher for larger-ticket and/or far-flung orders) . Of that we drivers receive $3.00, and the balance goes to the business owner to cover other costs. I was aghast to see someone upthread say they don’t tip their drivers because “that’s what the delivery fee is for.” Not necessarily. That driver you stiffed could very well receive NOTHING, meaning they were out-of-pocket to make your delivery when you factor in fuel and wear/tear on their vehicle.
2.) Not every delivery driver receives an hourly wage. Not every delivery driver receives fuel or mileage reimbursement. In my case I receive that $3.00 per delivery and then rely upon tips alone. I’m not considered an “employee” (no W-2) but rather am an independent contractor. 100% of my income needs to reported for tax purposes. Fortunately we deliver generally to upper-middle-class neighborhoods, and many of our order totals exceed $50. With that being the case I average $5/delivery in tips—some people tip less (generally no less than $2) and some people tip more (generally no more than $8). Given our wide delivery area I typically average two deliveries per hour. If I were to have two average tips, then I’d be making $16/hr., on average ($3 delivery fee x 2 deliveries = $6) + ($5 tip per delivery x two deliveries). Out of that $16/hr. will come taxes, maintenance/depreciation of my vehicle, and gasoline. I’m lucky in that I still come out ahead of most generic pizza delivery personnel, but it’s not like I’m becoming affluent from this.
3.) It’s difficult to compare servers and delivery drivers. BOTH work very fastidiously to serve their clientele in the most expeditious manner possible. Servers have to clean up after patrons, refresh beverages, and feign interest in idle banter to built a better rapport to yield a higher gratuity. Delivery drivers are subjected to inclement weather, risk of accident/personal injury, wear/tear of their vehicles, and even the potential for being the victims of crime. In September 2011 I was broad-sided by a woman in an SUV who sped through a red light. She totaled my vehicle, and to this day I still have neck pain that’s unresolved because I didn’t seek follow-up medical treatment because I can’t afford health insurance. Last night I had a mentally unstable man accost me for parking in “his” own personal on-street parking space while making a delivery. I genuinely felt threatened. There have been numerous muggings in one neighborhood we consistently deliver to as well. This isn’t factoring in how many times I’ve nearly been bitten/trampled by customer’s dogs on their front porches, either. To imply that servers are hard workers while delivery drivers are lazy is quite erroneous. We BOTH bust our tails—just in different ways.
I’m always happy to receive a tip—ANY tip. I’m just beyond flabbergasted that there are so many morons within this thread who don’t tip because:
a.) It doesn’t take a rocket scientist to bring me food.
b.) I already paid a delivery fee.
c.) It’s not MY responsibility to compensate someone for something their employer should already be compensating them for anyways.
d.) Delivery personnel don’t work as hard as servers.
How many of you who selected one or more of those options above have ever actually worked for tips? Just curious. I’m a college-educated male who has been unable to establish himself in his career of study due to this recession. I may not love what I do, but I always do it to the best of my ability (and then some). Working this job, though, has taught me how ugly so many people can be on the inside.
[email protected]
As a delivery driver myself I couldn’t have said it better!!! In this economy it’s difficult to pick and choose means of income!!! And having to pay for gas, wear & tear, tires, oil changes, and depreciation factors to name a few of a list that seems never ending takes up most, if not all, of whatever tips we make!!!
Jbird
amen as am I my friend people don’t really try to understand…. we chose our professions/fields of study, we cannot help what our economy does. I am a driver in new york that does not receive any type of comp I get min wage (7.25) and otherwise rely on tips ( and I do work in the store as well, most customers tip there are those however that do not , lately it has been no tips at all, working 7 hours take 11 deliveries to make only 35 dollars (thats just enough to cover the gas I used).
Eric
I agree, also keep in mind that delivery drivers NEED to have business car insurance. Since they are using their car for work they can’t use just their regular car insurance, they have to pay sometimes up to $1200 more a year just to have the ability to be covered while they work.
My motto is that if you are too cheap to tip at least $3, than go and pick up your own dang food. I don’t want to deliver to you if I don’t get at least $3 which will reimburse me for the gas/wear and tear on my car/and business driving insurance.
Carol
Tonight I got a pizza delivery for the first time in years. I didn’t know what was appropriate to tip. I didn’t even want the delivery in the first place. I responded to a promo from Dominoe’s by ordering a pizza online for $7.99. It was supposed to be carryout for that price. I always get carryout anyway.
Well, after I placed the order, a gal called me and said that their lobby closed at 10PM for safety reasons. It was probably 10 minutes past 10PM. This meant I couldn’t pick it up. However, she said… they would deliver it without the usual delivery charge if I wished. I said OK. I decided to give 2 bucks for a tip. I have learned a lot after reading all this, and now I am made to feel guilty for only giving $2.
A lot of you say if I can’t afford to tip $3 then go get it myself. Well… that’s what I’ve been doing, but I wasn’t allowed to in this case.
I think you drivers are getting the short end of the stick, but I think you should blame the owners, the corporate bosses and the system more than you blame the customers. Most customers don’t know all of the details of what you go through and the expenses you incur in the performances of your job. If they don’t tip at all, that’s one thing. But if they don’t tip enough…. they probably don’t realize that it’s not enough.
Jess
Basically if you decide to go out to eat, drink or get your food delivered you should usually pay upwards of 20% or more if necessary. I generally tip that much even if I order something to go, no doubt someone has already stiffed them that day. If you don’t have money to tip then go to the grocery store!
Lee
Just an FYI–servers also don’t keep the entire tip you leave at the table. They have to tip out to all of the support staff so they are not pocketing that $20. I’ve worked as a server where I’ve had to tip out generally 28 to as much as 40% of the tips I make during a shift to the bussers, bartenders, runners, oyster shuckers etc…
Wendi
TIP SHARE SUCKS. how do you know someone isn’t pocketing some cash before turning it into the “pot” or whatever. Bad tips because of nasty attitudes from some waitresses shouldn’t not effect me in any way shape or form. and her get some of my tip that I earned..heck no. I hate tip sharing…I would much rather do all the work myself for each table, and tip my bussers something at the end of the night.
Jessica
I really don’t get what’s so hard about paying for convenience… I just ordered a pizza and a 2-liter of soda, because I had a promo my pizza and soda were free. I’m at work, and don’t really have the time to go down and pick my order up come lunch time, so I opted to have it delivered instead. So I incurred a $1.99 delivery charge, knowing that most companies will pocket that charge (even if they don’t) I added the tip to my credit card, and I tipped $3.00 that’s a 150.75% tip in-case some of you can’t do the math… but it’s also a decent minimum tip. I considered the shop is 3 miles down the road, that’s a 6 mile round trip. Gas prices are over $3 a gallon. Now let’s throw in convenience fees, I don’t have the time to make it down to the store wait in a lunch line, make it back to my office and eat. That $3 is well worth it!
That being said, I’ve ordered pizza at home and didn’t have a vehicle to go and pick it up. I ordered 5 pizzas and some wings… the order came up to over $50 again I had the delivery fee, I tipped the driver at least 25%, I gave him an additional $20 and told him to keep the change on the rest. Not saying that everyone should tip high, but geez stop being such cheap skates and TIP!
I wouldn’t want to work as a delivery driver, I avoided those kind of jobs like the plague! I don’t think a job is worth risking my personal safety over, or getting paid crap and treated like crap from both employer and customer. When it comes down to it you really have to consider, would you want to walk a day in their shoes? I highly doubt most the people who are complaining about tipping really would.
Jessica
On a side note since I didn’t touch on it… I don’t think you should tip your waiter/waitress more than you tip your delivery driver. I think they both require an equal amount of work and humiliation, if my order isn’t right I complain in either case, so both my server and my delivery person really get to hear a complaint.
A delivery person has an equal amount of responsibility to ensure that my order is delivered on time as my server has to make sure my needs are met in a timely manner. If anything I am more understanding when my food takes longer than it should at a restaurant when I can clearly see they are busy, verses when I have it delivered and I only see that the delivery driver pulled up late. I have no comparison on if the store was really busy or if the driver was just ill prepared to find my address.
I am just as apt to joke with a server as I am to joke with a delivery person… if they can get me to smile hey props to them, and in my experience a delivery person is just ever so slightly more friendly and more apt to make me laugh while I’m pulling out the cash or signing the receipt.
Frances
One issue with your comment. “The delivery driver pulling up late”. Maybe the delivery driver had to wait for your food at the restaurant. The delivery driver may not be at fault.
brittany
THIS. I agree wholeheartedly with this. I’m paying for them to let me be lazy and not get out of my pajamas. I’m paying for them so be in a cold car when the roads are icy so I don’t have to. It’s kind of weird and greedy thing, so compensate appropriately.
Erin
The places I normally order from are about 1/2-1 1/2 miles from my house. I would just get it myself but I don’t have a car. I normally tip $1-2, more if the weather is bad, this comes to about 10% of the order. I see this as being sufficient. As I’ve posted in other blogs about waiting tables and the like; if you don’t like what you are making stop doing it. Yes jobs are hard to find but I didn’t force you into that profession.
Frances
How about, go and get it yourself. Walk then, it’s not my fault you don’t have a car.
brittany
I once put the wrong address in-north instead of south on a street, but it didn’t end up being really that far away, so the dude got it to me anyway. He ended up getting almost a 100% tip but he deserved it. I’m the one who messed up the order. Usually I do 20% and round up to the nearest dollar but it’s been more on occasion since I always pay with a card, so that’s usually not quite as good as cash. Don’t be cheap, cheapskates!
Oh plus, the delivery driver sometimes has had to deal with weirdness as my dog is trying to run out the door as I’m trying to pay.
Tj
I’m a delivery driver in GA, and we do not get any part of the delivery fee. So yes on certain trips, we get absolutely nothing when someone doesn’t tip. And they are the people who I go to last. I drive my own car, we don’t get company vehicles. Our job is not the cakewalk that many people make it seem to be. Before I became a driver I tipped delivery drivers a minimum of $5. And now that I know all that the job entails, depending on distance I will go over that. Why would anyone not want to treat the person right that is handling their food?! If tipping the driver is out of the question for you because you assume we get a fee, we do not by the way, that was added to your billl then you are sadly mistaken. If you can’t tip, get into your car and go get your own food. For those on here who do tip, we appreciate you!
nathan
I have worked as both a delivery driver and a server. Lets not act like a larger order impacts how much you work when it comes to delivery. So you have to make sure you have a few more sauces, as if thats hard to do. Now I could understand if the order is outragous and you do actually have to take alot more time to take care of things, creating maybe less deliveries than yes your tip should be larger, maybe 10.00 to 15.00 max. But you should never make tips like a server you are paid more per hour and you do not pay taxes based on the amount of the bill like you do as a server. Example 1 table 1 hour- 50.00 bill and you get a 5.00 tip=6.00 per hour after taxes and quite possibly you have to tip out. 1 delivery 1 hour- 50.00 bill 15 min distance 5.00 tip=about 10.00 an hour if you factor gas and portion of delivery fee if the place you work at pays you a portion. You did not have pay taxes on bill and you get paid more per hour and you only have to visit one time and oh by the way you get to relax for the next 15 minutes while you drive back and from what I know youre probably smoking something to relax too. Not a bad gig. If you have a prob with ruining your car then your driving the wrong vehicle.
Brian
all tipped employees who are paid via “tipcredit” aka “server wage” including drivers are required to claim a min of 8% of the total check, if the they are not claiming the proper amount they are risking being audited. lager orders do impact drivers the same as servers in the respect of taxes
Perry
If we are debating how much the “tip” is “supposed” to be, it is no longer a tip.
Dennis
Entitlement at its best. My first Aviation maintenance job $27k a year ($13hr) ASA starting wage after 4 yrs of experience $15hr and National Guard technician starting wage $17hr ….Let me clarify. I work on plane that could carry 100 people 30,000 feet in the air.
BTW I use to deliver pizzas in a 1970 Cougar dont tell me how much it cost to delivery
Odishon
Why tip someone for doing their job? Do you tip the cashier in the supermarket? The mailman for giving you the letter? Do you tip the policeman when you are getting your speeding ticket?
mike
the postman use the POST car , the policeman use the police car ..the delivey driver use his car and pay for the gaz AND pay to keep his /HER CAR ON THE ROAD .so you must tip OR GO PICK UP YOUR FOOD . its clear now .. MOST SINGLE FAMILLY houses OR RICH PPL DONT TIPS or they tip 2 bucks max , Idelivered in a nice town .rich town ..driving 5 to 10 miles one way and get 1-2 dollars, crazy . so i quit .
Mitch Cumstein
I delivered pizza for many years, if you ever stiff tour pizza guy, my suggestion is to never order from that place ever again. Just remember that reason is alone in the car with the food you are about to eat. They also know your name, address, and phone number. This is enough info to cause the recipient enough hardship with a determined and vindictive individual. If you don’t want to tip your driver, go pick it up yourself! That or enjoy some special seasoning or identity theft.
Brian
If my employer would pay me min wage for every hour I worked and compensated me for “company” driven miles properly then I would happily deliver your pizza without a tip.
Some facts for you, a full time delivery driver will put about 26000 company miles on there car, that’s miles driven while at work not driving to and from work. A recent AAA study has concluded the cost of maintaining a passenger car is 55 cents a mile when you include all maintenance, repairs and vehicle value depreciation. That’s $14,300 your driver has invested over a year into getting your pizza to your house out of HIS or HER pocket. Min wage here in Florida for full time employee is $16,200 before taxes so before your driver pays 1 penny to uncle sam your driver has $1900 left for the whole year that equals .91 cents an hour. Ok here is where it gets worse since we are tipped employees we have to pay taxes on 8% of your check because uncle sam doesn’t want to hear you didn’t tip us if the average check is say $25 we will pay taxes on $24000 that year. Figuring 15 deliveries a night average. Roughly $4300 in taxes will be paid that year out of the $1900 we have left so without tips your driver has is now -$2400 on the year after associated vehicle costs are taken care of. but wait it gets worse if the store your driver works for dual rates and pays server wage on the road his gross wages go from 16,200 a year to only about $13,100 now your driver is -$5500 on the year. ok now we can add in the crappy mileage rate the store does actually pay, based on the same figures 15 runs a day that’s about $5300 a year, we’re almost breaking even now -$200 that year… now if you add tips in an average of $3 per run is $11,700 resulting in a take home after taxes of $11,500 for the year that’s 221 a week take home pay after all taxes are paid and the vehicle is properly maintained and loss of value is added in. just to give a reference a full time burger flipper at mcdonalds will take home $255 a week , after doing the math i think i am quitting delivering pizza
noasyuzo
I have a friend that delivers, he gets paid for miles driven, an hourly wage etc. says average he makes is $20 hour.
Here's an idea..
Here’s a novel idea!
Why not just give them the benefit of the doubt? Think about it, sure there are lazy servers and people who deserve a crappy tip, but who are you to judge? How do YOU know that the reason your waiter was a bit clumsy was because He/She is just a idiot who is out to ruin your meal, maybe they are going through a personal crisis?(many a waiter with that situation.) Maybe the reason your delivery guy is always late is because your house doesn’t show up properly on GPS or they got lost because your street sign is covered by a big old tree?(found out about the GPS thing after 15 years of living in this house)
My point is, you don’t know what they’re going through any more than they do about you. Who knows, maybe your the source of the problem. I say 20% flat, more if you feel like it. You don’t need to teach them a lesson, its not like a crappy tip helps them fix the problem anyways. Also, sure you don’t know how well or poor they are paid, so assume that they are poor starving people trying to make ends meet just like the rest of the world.
pizza girl
I delivery pizza in a safe area, where most of the houses average around 100k+ in value. We have a large delivery area that goes up to about 12 miles and spans 10 towns. I wish people would take into consideration that I am using my own car, gas, wear and tear, and time. I don’t so much care about the size of the order as much as I do the distance and difficulty to get there (some areas have pot holed roads, awful driveways, no lighting left on at night, no house numbers, etc). If you live 12 miles away and also don’t answer your door after I’ve knocked 3 times and attempted to call once or twice, I should get a little more of a tip to cover my time, because while I was trying to deliver your food, I was missing out on any other deliveries. If the other driver was able to take 3 or 4 delivers during the 45 minutes I was gone, and even if they only got $2 per delivery they may have spent about the same in gas and received 6-8$ where I may have only received $3 and drove all the way. That’s 24 miles = a gallon of gas or about $3.75 give or take. I lost money and the orderer didn’t because they didn’t use their own car.
pizza girl
Additionally, it is AMAZING the number of people who do not tip anything, send their small children to pay (and not tip) and collect the food, or pharmaceutical reps who call in 300.00 orders to be delivered to a doctors office that they aren’t present at and use a credit card. The person at the dr. office who signs for the delivery doesn’t provide a tip since they didn’t pay for it.
b-rye
im a delivery driver for dominos. to the person that said waiters have a harder because they walk, I do a lot of that, plus stairs, plus standing in whatever weather because you take your sweet time answering your door. I almost die at least once a day delivering to you. so yeah, we know who the stiffers are. we keep track of you.if I have a double or triple or more, you will be last on the list
Wendi
I so wish I could make some of my ppl wait, just because of how awful they tip..but guess what? I can’t, I have no choice. sure wish I did. you’re right WE REMEMBER the good and bad tippers.
mike
as a delivery driver i see you must tip the driver minimum as much as you tip the waitress ,why ? he use his own car get high mileage pay for the gas spend money to maintain his car ..driving in the snow storms , rain while you are sitting home warm getting your food, i delivered in snow storm all the times and some customers dont tips even the food is hot , not warm or cold , it sucks . if you dont want to tip the driver or you dont have money to tip then go pick up your food, i read the driver just driving ? for fun ?? are you kidding ? he drives and lookfor your house or app numbers to risk his life for what ? many houses has no numbers or hard to see ,you ring you call and wait for the costomers to pick up their food while waiting outside in the rain and snow , i dont understand why you leave 10 -20 bucks for the waitress and tip the delivery guy 1 buck or nothing this is funny ,hopefully there are still some great customers who tips so good (3-10) these who keeps us on the road ,so many thanks to them .otherwise if you dont tip the driver good , there will be no drivers ,because none will work for 5 or 6-7 buck paying the gaz and tear his car
mike
and we clean the shit of the bathrooms , we take your orders , i cook also ,i do everything from making the pizza to cleaning the bathroom , most of the times i cook your food ,i drive fast ,i take 2-3 deliveries in 15 min if its close 2-3miles from the store we walk upstaires a lots we got tired, spending 2-3 dollars gas .without counting the car’s tear , ring th bell or knock your door carring your food and tring to call you pls we are here ..ohh sorry i dont hear the bell or it donest work or any excuse and you dont tip good ? yess during the snow storm or heavy rain or late night before the close if iam in the store and they still not cook your food then i call back the customer if he /she is not a tipper , sorry i cant deliver at this time , to cook and drive and walking your stairs for free . ? no thanks
mike
the best is to get an other job and go to school and leave the stressfull job
Donna
I am not a delivery person and I consider myself to be a good tipper. I waitressed and bartended over 15 years so I know what its like to work for tips.
What I find to be rude is when we order pizza and -for instance the pizza is $32 and you give them two $20 bills and instead of just giving me my change and letting me tip them – they ask “how much do you want back?”
I’m sure its because they get screwed out of tips but them asking that just rubs me the wrong way.
Wendi
so you want to do math twice? why? isn’t it much easier once. lol
C
I live approximately 1 mile from our pizza hut. I never tip below $1.50. This is what I generally go by
– $10-$15 order- delivered within the time frame: at least $1.75
-$15-$20 order – delivered within the time frame: at least $3.00
$10-15 not within time frame: At least $1.25
$15-20 not within time frame: At least $2.
If my food is not hot, like the last time I got it, and it was thrown all over the box, I tip less. A driver delivering my food has the responsibility to make sure it’s ready for delivery and arrives in good shape.
Additionally. If the driver is coming here in good weather, I still follow the above. If it is bad out, I add an additional $1 to $2. The last driver I gave a low wage only received $1.25 in the rain because my food was thrown all over the box and she smelled awful and of smoke. I don’t want a driver smoking while bringing me my food.
Carol
You start off saying you never tip below $1.50, but then $1.25 is included in your list. After reading all this, I would have to say that either of those is a pretty cheap tip. Food delivery people are really getting screwed and most people don’t realize it.
I think you guys need a union.
chris
I tip $5 on all my deliveries, usually just a pizza and garlic rolls. I also live less than 2 miles from the pizza places I order from.
Dont be so cheap people.
Wendi
I’m sorry, but if I am DELIVERING food to your face, and using MY OWN GAS to get it to you, you need to tip. I have had people tip me a quarter on a 20.00 order and 5.00 on an 8 dollar order. TIP the drivers a fair and balanced fee no matter what, more if service is quick and the driver is extra friendly. It really matters, and WE DO REMEMBER YOU.
Carol
Most people don’t realize you are paying for your own gas. Until I read this blog, I thought driver’s were reimbursed by the pizza companies. In view of all that has been said here… I don’t know how you people make a living at it. I would only stay at a job like that long enough to find another one.
Frederic
Hello to all, as I am truly keen of reading this webpage’s post to be updated regularly.
It carries fastidious material.
Paul
I tip 10 to 25% in restaurants where the server invests in sneakers. I tip delivery 20 to 25% usually where the driver pays their car depreciation, their gas, their commercial insurance, etc. I believe drivers should be getting a lot more the in house servers. I drive, my friend works in house. His yearly costs close to nothing and his tips beat mine typically. My yearly costs @ 25%.
To reply to some commenters: the delivery charge is usually so the driver gets something for the 30% of people who never tip anything. Pretty sad.
A
I deliver food on a bike and only make a percentage of the delivery fee, and get no hourly wage. We basically rely on tips. I had a huge order to deliver ($200+), in the freezing rain and snow, and got 0 tip. So I hustled it in the snow, rain, dodging downtown rush hour traffic, deliver it to you within 10 mins after picking up your food, and got a little over a dollar for it. Yea next time, they’ll be last on my route.
M
If the restaurant keeps the delivery fee then does it matter I tip between $3-5 (depending on how much money I manage to find) when I know the guy delivering to me (I only order from one restaurant and it’s always the same guy) owns the restaurant?
Daniel L Christner
I shouldn’t have to leave this comment because some people need more common sense than anything. Let’s go over some of the things that upset delivery drivers. Wrong address or street. No visible address sign or not visible from the road. No porch light on at night so the address can be seen. If you have dogs, put them away before the delivery person gets there. If you are paying cash, get the cash together before the delivery gets there. Answer the door!!!!! Don’t go somewhere in the house you can’t hear the door or nod off before the delivery comes. Or take a shower. Or leave the house. Come on people you should all KNOW these things. An if you can afford the pizza, afford the delivery charge, then you can afford a tip.
Barack
I’m Perplexed: I live half a mile or less / twelve-ish small blocks from a Domino’s Pizza.
When I order online & pick up my order it is Just over $17 (Plus my time, insurance, and a cup of gasoline), BUT get charged Double for the same order – still ordering online but have it delivered down the road. They cloak it as a “Carryout Special” but logically seems like a Delivery-Less Deduction. So if I’m now paying $35 for this same $17 order, ($39 with modest tip). You (some bloggers) expect others to believe that the drivers get NONE of that extra $18?! I think not.
I know the goof-offs that make & deliver the pizza. It’s like a Circus of errors.
So it’s crazy to think food by fools, next door, should get these same trumped up charges, fees, and tips as a serious and professional gastronomical establishment.
In total that would be $39+ $27 in upcharges & tips.
Seems quite stiff for almost next door delivery – $17 Time& Gas VS. $39 Delivery.
Again, this is only Corporate Industrial Domino’s. Not a local mom & pop gourmet eatery.
So this web quandary ends like it began: I’m Perplexed.
Barack
* * C O R R E C T I O N * * $22 in upcharges and tips.
Speedy Fingers here omitted a Five Spot from the calculation. Mea Culpa’s all around.
Ed
If I order delivery online, pay online (including $8 tip on a $48 meal) am I expected to also tip the driver?
Richard
I live 2.5 mile from Papa John’s. A pizza is $16, the delivery charge is $4 and I tip $2. If the driver is not satisfied they should consult with the manager, not me!
Jen
Just to remind some people who have made the threat over and over in the comments…tampering with food is a felony and if caught you will be fired and prosecuted if not by the store itself then by the customer.
Be late with it and your company ends up replacing it when they complain which may then come out of your check. Think before you decide to have your revenge.
Eileen Benson
I’m glad you mentioned that we should consider tipping 20% if we live a few miles away from the restaurant. My husband and I are thinking about ordering some customized pizza for an easy and fun dinner tonight. We don’t order delivery very often, so thanks for sharing this helpful info about tipping!
Join 10,000+ Members
Get new articles, by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
Popular Posts
Money Saving Products I Personally Use
The Best and Cheapest Tax Software: Top Tax Prep Comparison for 2021
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
FOLLOW 20SF ON:
LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:
SEARCH THE SITE:
Search
20somethingfinance.comCopyright © 2021.
This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.
Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
We value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared. | msmarco_doc_00_16479955 | ||
http://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-check-tire-pressure-inflate-your-tires/ | How to Check Tire Pressure & Inflate your Tires | How to Check Tire Pressure & Inflate your Tires
How to Check Tire Pressure & Inflate your Tires
Fuel Efficiency & Other Cost Savings from Proper Tire Inflation
What Should my Tire Pressure Be?
How do I Check my Tire Pressure?
How to Inflate your Car Tires
Check Tire Pressure Video
Getting in the Habit of Checking your Tire Pressure
Tire Pressure Discussion:
| How to Check Tire Pressure & Inflate your Tires
How to Check Tire Pressure & Inflate your Tires
Last updated: January 15, 2021 G.E. Miller 10 Comments
Tires rank right up there with brakes, seatbelts, and airbags when it comes to vehicle safety. You wouldn’t want any of the other three to be performing at sub-optimal levels, so why would you expect any less from your tires? When one or more of your tires is not inflated properly, it can lead to a few big potentially hazardous situations that put you and your loved ones safety at risk:
Under-inflated tires experience added friction, which means added heat, and failure risk.
Under-inflated tires can lead to an uneven driving experience, and potentially lead to other vehicle damage.
If your tire is losing air pressure more quickly than normal, it can indicate a bigger problem, such as a nail or screw puncture or rim leak.
Fuel Efficiency & Other Cost Savings from Proper Tire Inflation
If safety isn’t a big enough concern, perhaps money-loss will be. Low tire pressure can be costly. The government estimates that under-inflated tires can lower gas mileage by 0.3% for every 1 psi drop in pressure of all four tires. It’s not uncommon to be 10 psi below spec, if you’re not careful, which would waste 3 percent more fuel and result in significantly higher tire wear.
Under-inflated tires can wear irregularly, leading to the need to replace one or more before the others. And you should always replace all four at once so that tread is even. And that’s not cheap
Under-inflated tires result in increased friction, overheating, and wear – and a shorter tire life. More frequent tire replacement = $.
Under-inflated tires result in increased friction, leading to less fuel efficiency than properly inflated tires.
Learning how to change your car’s air filter can also have positive fuel efficiency results.
What Should my Tire Pressure Be?
The first step is knowing what your tire pressure should be. You can find out what your vehicle’s tire pressure should be by looking in your vehicle owner’s manual or on the little sticker on the inside of your driver’s side car door for the recommended psi.
How do I Check my Tire Pressure?
This is beautifully simple and cheap. The only tricky part is doing it at the right time. To get the most relevant tire pressure, you need to check when the tires are cool, just before you head out for the day, or hours after your vehicle has been idle. Tires that have been used recently will have a higher pressure due to the heat from use.
Pick up a cheap tire pressure gauge (like this one) if your car does not have built-in monitoring with digital readout out on your driver information display. EVERYONE who owns a vehicle should have one.
Screw the cap off of your tire.
Apply the tire pressure gauge to get the tire pressure.
All four tires should be at the recommended tire pressure level and at an even pressure.
How to Inflate your Car Tires
You need air. I always go to a gas station or tire shop that has free air, but there are other ways to get free air for your tires. Some will charge you for air (which is ridiculous). If they do, go elsewhere. Or, pick up a portable air compressor.
Inflate your tires to the recommended levels. I always go 2-3 PSI over because I have driven to fill the tires and they are hot from use.
If you go too much over, deflate the tires by tilting the valve stem until you hear the sound of air escaping the tire.
Check Tire Pressure Video
For those who like visual examples, here’s a simple video from Edmunds.com on how to do what I’ve described.
Getting in the Habit of Checking your Tire Pressure
This is probably the hardest part of keeping your tires properly inflated. I always visually look over my tires when filling up my gas tank. It gets me in the habit of checking, plus I’m right at a station with air hopefully, so I can fill up if need be. I’d also recommend throwing it on your calendar to check once a month when the tires are cool.
Tire Pressure Discussion:
How often do you check your tire pressure?
What do you do to remind yourself to check tire pressure?
Do you own a tire pressure gauge? Digital or old fashion?
Related Posts:
The Service Engine Light: Your Mechanics Dirty Little Secret
Does Nitrogen Tire Inflation Improve Mileage?
How to Check your Tire Age | msmarco_doc_00_16582998 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-lower-your-comcast-bill-price/ | How to Lower your Comcast Bill Price (Xfinity TV & Internet Negotation) | How to Negotiate a Lower Comcast Xfinity Bill
How to Negotiate a Lower Comcast Xfinity Bill
How to Cut your Comcast Bill: Step-by-Step Script
| How to Lower your Comcast Bill Price (Xfinity TV & Internet Negotation)
How to Negotiate a Lower Comcast Xfinity Bill
Last updated: January 4, 2021 G.E. Miller 326 Comments
Comcast, or “ Xfinity ” as they like to call themselves these days, had thrown me for a bit of a loop lately. The live-chat method had always worked for me in getting discounts and promotions on Comcast services, but lately they’ve been sticklers.
I had written a very old post on Get Rich Slowly in the past that highlighted how to cut your Comcast bill – and gave the actual chat transcript that cut my cost by 33%. That post is outdated, as nobody has had much luck with their live chat team in recent years. Maybe Comcast management read that post and decided to “toughen up” the live chat team?
Sure, I could get rid of cable completely. But I love live sports and find enough educational value in other programming. So I decided to go back to my old method of getting a Comcast discount – a good ole’ fashion phone negotiation.
Before I go into the negotiation and what the result was, I’ll first highlight what my package and price was (post 2-year contract expiring):
Digital Basic Cable with HD DVR: $90/month (full price)
Blast Cable Internet (250 Mbps): $40/month (discounted)
Total price: $130 per month (+ another $10 or so for other related fees).
Note: Comcast frequently changes their speeds and package pricing, so research what the current offerings are in your area, and substitute in the script. It’s the technique that works, not the pricing specifics.
How to Cut your Comcast Bill: Step-by-Step Script
I’ll now walk you step-by-step how I was able to get that down to $90 per month.
1. I picked up the phone and called Xfinity customer service number @: 1 (800) 934-6489.
2. I state (“disconnect service”) when prompted by the automated voice prompts.
This should get you connected to an Xfinity loyalty or retention specialist, who have a little more power to offer discounts than other customer service reps.
3. I lead my negotiation with the competition.
Comcast fears losing customers to AT&T U-Verse, who is offering up some great discounted packages to new customers.
My discussion was almost identical to this – and this Comcast script has reportedly worked well for hundreds of readers:
Me: I’d like to discontinue my service.
Comcast Rep: OK, may I ask why?
Me: Because I need to lower my bill and AT&T U-Verse is now available in my neighborhood and has some great offers for me, including fiber internet and cable for under $90.
Comcast Rep: OK. Well AT&T doesn’t offer as many HD channels, but I can look to see what kind of package we may be able to offer you.
Me: OK, I’ll hear you out.
Comcast Rep: OK, so we have a new offer where you can give you the same price as a new customer, with a 2-year contract: $79.99 for Blast 250 Mbps and Starter cable with 140 channels. There is also a $10/month DVR fee.
Me: Are you able to cut the DVR fee?
Comcast Rep: Now you can cut the Xfinity HD DVR and set top box fee, but you need to stay under 20 hours of programming recorded. If you don’t want a DVR, there is a $7.50/month set-top box fee, but you can get rid of that by using a Roku with the Xfinity Stream app, Amazon Fire, or certain smart TVs. You can also sign up for eco-bill and get a discount there. After all of that, your price would be $93 with a 2-year contract.
Me: Are you sure you don’t have any cheaper packages?
Comcast Rep: Yes.
Me: OK, please make the switch.
Comcast Rep: OK, should we add on Xfinity Voice too?
Me: No thanks (I have Ooma digital phone service, and it’s free).
Score another one versus Comcast’s dreaded customer service.
4. I Saved 34%!
I was able to cut $47 (34%) off my cable/internet package, while getting the same channels and same internet speeds. Over 2 years, this will save me $1,128, and then I will negotiate a new 2-year contract again, or switch to U-Verse.
5. Stay Congenial
I want to point out that I was friendly, yet confident with the service rep. It may sound cliche, but treat others as you would want to be treated and you will get better results. Act like a jerk, and you’ll strike out.
Note: I also previously got rid of the Comcast modem fee by purchasing my own modem and router – saving me another $14 per month (yes, Comcast has recently raised their modem rental price ). This is something you 100% must do too.
I bought an Arris SB6190 cable modem and paired it with a NetGear AC1200 router. This setup pays for itself in less than a year (saving $168 per year), and then it’s free for life! Both were top sellers in the cable modem and router categories on Amazon and had outstanding reviews. I paid a total of $120, which means the devices will pay for themselves in less than a year and then are free for many years to come, with no Comcast modem rental fee!
I’ve also written more broadly on how to get rid of your ISP modem rental fee (if you’re not a Comcast customer).
Cut your Comcast Xfinity Bill Discussion:
What did your Comcast negotiation look like? How much did you save and how did you get it?
Comcast CSR’s: Now is your chance to tell all! How can customers get the best deals and how does Comcast set these policies (retention specialist can negotiate/others cannot). Please share! (you’ll remain anonymous, of course)
Related Posts:
Comcast Internet Essentials
Xfinity Mobile Review
How to Opt Out of Comcast Using your Modem as a Public WiFi Hotspot | msmarco_doc_00_16588008 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/irs-moving-expenses-deduction/ | Are Moving Expenses Tax Deductible? (Updated, Post Tax Reform) | Are Moving Expenses Tax Deductible? (Updated, Post Tax Reform)
Are Moving Expenses Tax Deductible? (Updated, Post Tax Reform)
Who Can Deduct Moving Expenses?
Deductible Moving Expenses
Non-Deductible Moving Expenses
Next Steps & Other Resources for Deducting Moving Expenses
Deducting Moving Expenses Discussion:
| Are Moving Expenses Tax Deductible? (Updated, Post Tax Reform)
Are Moving Expenses Tax Deductible? (Updated, Post Tax Reform)
Last updated: January 28, 2021 G.E. Miller 8 Comments
Update: With the Republican Tax Cut & Jobs Act (tax reform) that was signed in to law in late 2017, the moving expense tax deduction no longer exists for 2018 and beyond, until the law expires in 2025.
Reader, Kayla, writes in:
I’m getting my first job and moving to a new location. Can I get any tax deductions for moving expenses?
Congrats on landing your first job, Kayla – and great question.
Deducting moving expenses is, in fact, something that is allowed by the IRS. This is one of those hidden tax deductions that is not very well known. I’ve previously been guilty of moving a few times without taking advantage of this deduction – which is a bummer on my part, and I’m sure to the millions who have overlooked this deduction. So your question brings up a good awareness opportunity to share with others to keep in mind for present and future moves.
What is great about the moving deduction is that you do not need to itemize in order to claim it. You can take the standard deduction, if you choose, and still add moving expense deductions.
However, like most things IRS, there are always some restrictions, limitations, and qualifications on who can claim a tax deduction. We’ll go through some of the basics and then get in to deductible and non-deductible moving expenses, and also – how to claim the deduction.
Who Can Deduct Moving Expenses?
If you move for a change in job or business location, or in order to start a new job or business, you may be able to deduct what the IRS refers to as “reasonable moving expenses” (more on that in a bit). To qualify, there are three conditions or “tests” that you must satisfy:
1. Your move is closely related to the start of work or a new primary job.
2. Distance Test: your new main workplace must be at least 50 miles farther from your old home than your old job location was from your old home. If you had no previous workplace, your new job location must be at least 50 miles from your old home. For example, if your old job location was located 5 miles from your old residence, your new job location must be at least 55 miles from your old residence, in order to be able to deduction expenses associated with the move to your new residence. If, a first job, the same rule applies to your previous and new residence.
3. Time Test: this one is a little trickier, and I presume it is in place because the IRS wants to dissuade deductions every few months from serial re-locators:
If you are an employee, you must work full-time for at least 39 weeks during the first 12 months immediately following your arrival in the general area of your new job location.
If you are self-employed, you must work full time for at least 39 weeks during the first 12 months and for a total of at least 78 weeks during the first 24 months immediately following your arrival in the general area of your new work location.
If you are both an employee and self-employed, you must meet one or the other.
You can deduct your moving expenses on your 2016 tax return, for example, even if you have not met the time test by the date your 2016 return is due. You can do this if you expect to meet the 39-week test in 2017 or the 78-week test in 2017 or 2018.
There are exceptions to the time test in case of armed forces service, death, disability and involuntary separation.
Deductible Moving Expenses
There are only two categories of expenses you can deduct:
Moving your household items (including in-transit or foreign-move storage expenses). This includes the cost of renting/driving a moving truck or van, as well as the cost of hiring movers to pack and move your belongings.
Moving yourself and members of your household (travel to your new home). This includes mileage or transportation expenses and lodging – but no meals.
On #2, if you take a car (or multiple cars) you can deduct actual expenses (i.e. oil, gas, windshield washer solvent) – or you can deduct the IRS standard moving expenses rate per mile. Either way, you can also separately deduct parking fees and tolls, but no general repairs, maintenance, insurance, or depreciation.
It’s also important to note that you cannot deduct any side excursions (i.e. a Portland to L.A. move with a side weekend to Yosemite – sad, I know). You really can only deduct expenses for direct mileage necessary for the move.
Finally – keep any and all receipts and document all miles if you go the mileage deduction route.
Non-Deductible Moving Expenses
A big previously mentioned non-deductible moving expense is meals/food.
Another huge consideration is that you cannot deduct any moving expenses covered by reimbursements from your employer that are excluded from income.
And just about everything not listed previously as deductible, you cannot deduct.
This includes:
Expenses associated with the purchase of your new apartment/home (closing costs, title, etc.)
House or apartment hunting expenses
Expenses associated with selling a home (realtor fees, home improvements, staging, closing costs, mortgage fees, and points)
Home sale losses
A driver’s license (even if you did not have one one prior to the travel)
Expenses of entering into or breaking a lease
Security deposits made or lost
Storage charges not incurred in transit and for foreign moves
Return trips
Next Steps & Other Resources for Deducting Moving Expenses
Moving expenses can be calculated on IRS moving expenses form 3903 and the claim can be deducted on Form 1040 (but on the 1040EZ forms).
For more information on deductible and nondeductible moving expenses, refer to IRS publication 521 on moving expenses, including some information I did not get in to on moves to locations in and outside the United States and retirees, survivors, and armed forces members.
Deducting Moving Expenses Discussion:
Have you ever deducted moving expenses? Did you find it easy/difficult to do?
How much were you able to deduct?
Have you deducted moving expenses when self-employed or retired? Share your story.
Related Posts:
Charitable Tax Deductions & Donation Receipt Rules
What is a Cost of Living Adjustment?
Best & Cheapest Way to Efile
How to Change your Tax Withholding | msmarco_doc_00_16594009 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/lifelock-review/ | LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it? | LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
A LifeLock Review – From a User:
Benefit Claim: LifeLock Identity Alert System and One-Bureau Credit Monitoring
Benefit Claim: Dark Web Monitoring
Benefit Claim: LifeLock Privacy Monitor ™ Tool
Benefit Claim: Annual Credit Reports and Credit Scores
Benefit Claim: Lost Wallet Protection
Benefit Claim: USPS Address Change Verification
Benefit Claim: Coverage for Lawyers and Experts
Benefit Claim: Stolen Funds Reimbursement
LifeLock Review Summary
| LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
Last updated: January 27, 2021 G.E. Miller 132 Comments
A LifeLock Review – From a User:
Many years ago, I gave my first LifeLock review, as a real actual user. The LifeLock service has changed quite a bit since then, including getting purchased by identity and security giant Norton Symantec, and I have updated this LifeLock review as recently as January, 2021.
Before signing up for LifeLock here (that link offers the best price I’ve ever seen with up to 25% off for the first year – terms apply), it’s important to understand what you’re paying for. There are plenty of ways to protect yourself from identity theft that are absolutely, 100% free. In some ways these free identity protection measures go above and beyond the paid services, such as LifeLock, that are out there. In other ways, they fall short, and in order to keep up with them, it takes more manual work on your part.
Let’s take a look at what LifeLock has to offer for $8.99 per month for its discounted “Standard” plan (with pricier higher service “Advantage” and “Ultimate Plus” plans also available), and whether you can achieve the same results for free on your own in this LifeLock review. I’ll go through each LifeLock benefit claim and let you know if there are free alternatives.
Benefit Claim: LifeLock Identity Alert System and One-Bureau Credit Monitoring
“It’s the foundation for all LifeLock services. We send alerts through the patented LifeLock Identity Alert system by text, phone, or email and our Identity Restoration Specialists are there to help.”
“We monitor key changes to your credit file at a leading credit bureau and alert you to help detect fraud.”
Free Alternative? Yes. You can go to any of the 3 credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion) and request fraud alerts of varying lengths. You only have to do this with one bureau and they will notify the others. Here’s the link to Experian’s fraud alert. Also, Credit Karma offers free credit monitoring alerts.
Benefit Claim: Dark Web Monitoring
“Identity thieves can sell your personal information on hard-to-find dark websites and forums. LifeLock patrols the dark web and notifies you if we find your information.”
Free Alternative? No. I am not aware of a free alternative to this benefit. I do know that credit monitoring services will alert you if your information is improperly used (or attempted to be used) and maybe that is enough. I suppose it would also be helpful to know proactively if your information is out there on the “dark web”.
Benefit Claim: LifeLock Privacy Monitor ™ Tool
“The Privacy Monitor tool provides reduced public exposure of your personal information to help you keep your private information private.”
Free Alternative? Partially. You can opt out of pre-approved credit card offers at optoutprescreen.com. Beyond that, it’s difficult to determine how far and to what extent the privacy monitoring benefit goes, given that it appears to be a proprietary technology.
Benefit Claim: Annual Credit Reports and Credit Scores
The “Advantage” (Equifax) and “Ultimate Plus” (Equifax, Experian, TransUnion) plans offer:
“The credit scores provided are VantageScore 3.0 credit scores based on data from Equifax, Experian and TransUnion respectively. Third parties use many different types of credit scores and are likely to use a different type of credit score to assess your creditworthiness.”
Free Alternative? Yes. You can do this on your own for free at annualcreditreport.com (scores) and Credit Karma (scores and reports). See my articles “ Smart Planning will get you 3 Free Credit Reports Per Year ” and “ Credit Karma Now Offers Free Credit Report Access! ” on how to take advantage of this.
Benefit Claim: Lost Wallet Protection
“A lost wallet can mean a lost identity. Call us if your wallet is lost or stolen and we’ll help cancel or replace credit cards, driver’s licenses, Social Security cards, insurance cards and more.”
Free Alternative? Partially. These all seem like things you can do on your own with a few phone calls (this would be a good time to recommend that you keep a list of everything in your wallet, along with service phone numbers). The benefit summary does say that LifeLock will cover “Up to $25,000 per Member Per Annum (Maximum of $500 for replacement of stolen cash” (Standard) in document replacement costs – which could be a nice benefit.
Benefit Claim: USPS Address Change Verification
“Identity thieves try to divert mail to get important financial information. LifeLock lets you know of changes in USPS address requests linked to your identity.”
Free Alternative? Yes. Address changes should show in your credit reports, and if you have credit monitoring, you should be alerted. Credit Karma is a good one for this. Additionally, you could set up USPS Informed Delivery.
Benefit Claim: Coverage for Lawyers and Experts
“If you become a victim of identity theft while a LifeLock member, we will provide the necessary lawyers and experts if needed to help resolve your case.
Reimbursement and Expense Compensation, each with limits of up to $25,000 for Standard, up to $100,000 for Advantage and up to $1 million for Ultimate Plus. And up to $1 million for coverage for lawyers and experts if needed, for all plans. Benefits provided by Master Policy issued by United Specialty Insurance Company, Inc. (State National Insurance Company, Inc. for NY State members). Policy terms, conditions and exclusions at: LifeLock.com/legal.”
This could include reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket costs and expenses in the following categories:
Replacement of Documents
Traveling Expenses
Loss of Income
Stolen Handbag, Purse, or Wallet
Childcare and Elderly Care
Travel Assistance
Arrest Related Expenses
Fraudulent Withdrawals
Legal Costs
Remediation Services Costs
Case Management Services Costs
Free Alternative? No. It’s hard to determine how much this is all worth, but if this gives you some peace of mind, then it might be worth the cost.
Benefit Claim: Stolen Funds Reimbursement
“If you have money stolen due to identity theft, LifeLock will reimburse you dollar for dollar-up to $25,000, up to $100,000, or up to $1 million-based on the limits of your plan.”
Free Alternative? Not that I am aware of.
LifeLock Review Summary
Is LifeLock a scam? No, it is not. In fact, LifeLock’s recent purchase by Norton Symantec proves and adds to its legitimacy.
You can do some of what LifeLock does for free, with effort and discipline (to keep doing it periodically). And there are some benefits that you cannot get otherwise. LifeLock seems worth it if you have the attitude “well, I could do this stuff for free, but I don’t want the hassle, and I’ll probably forget, so I’ll just let someone else handle it for a small price”. You’re basically paying for organization, peace of mind, and to set it and forget it plus some other benefits you can’t get elsewhere. If you find it’s not worth the cost, you can always cancel, so it’s very low risk to see if the value is worth it for you.
Note: If you decide to cancel, and are an annual member and request a refund within 60-days after being billed, you are entitled to a complete refund. Otherwise, you are eligible for a pro-rated refund on any unused months through the end of your term.
If you’re interested in LifeLock, you can get up to 25% off membership here. | msmarco_doc_00_16600979 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/maximum-employer-401k-contribution/ | How Much can My Employer Contribute to my 401K? (2021 Maximum) | How Much can My Employer Contribute to my 401K?
How Much can My Employer Contribute to my 401K?
Maximum Employer 401K Contributions
Employer 401K Maximum Limit Discussion:
| How Much can My Employer Contribute to my 401K? (2021 Maximum)
How Much can My Employer Contribute to my 401K?
Last updated: January 5, 2021 G.E. Miller 55 Comments
Maximum Employer 401K Contributions
I’d like to clear up a very common 401K misconception surrounding maximum contribution limits.
Question: The individual IRS maximum 401K contribution limit is $19,500 for 2021 ($26,000 if you include the catch-up contribution for those age 50+). But what exactly does this mean? Does this mean that if my employer matches my contribution dollar-for-dollar that I can only contribute half of the maximum?
Answer: No. The IRS maximum 401K contribution is how much you can personally contribute to your 401K during a calendar year. Your employer’s maximum 401K contribution limit is entirely up to them – but the max on total contributions (employee plus employer) to your 401K is $58,000 in 2021 (or 100% of your salary, whichever is less). If age 50+, it goes up to $64,500 in 2021 with the catch-up contribution.
Technically, this means that your employer could contribute up to $38,500 in 2021, separate from your maximum personal contribution. Most do not contribute that much, however, and through after-tax contributions and an after-tax to Roth conversion, or “ mega backdoor Roth “, it’s possible for you to contribute more than the individual contribution maximum in a given year (if your employer allows it).
Employer 401K Maximum Limit Discussion:
What is your employer’s match?
Did you think that your maximum contribution was your personal plus your employer’s?
Are you going to max your 401K contributions this year?
Related Posts:
What if you Over-Contribute to a 401K?
Your Employer’s 401K Match is Not a Suggestion or Maximum
2020 & 2021 Maximum IRA Contributions
401K Matching | msmarco_doc_00_16609601 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/net10-review/ | Net10 Review - Updated for 2019
Net10 review of their phones, cost, & prepaid service. We take a look at who a Net10 is and is not a good cell phone service for.
Menu
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Net10 Review
Last updated: March 3, 2019 G.E. Miller94 Comments
Net10 Review
A little over a month ago I made the decision to drop Verizon Wireless as my mobile carrier in favor of a combination of the no monthly fee Ooma VOIPsystem and my wireless through Net10.
Update:we have since switched our service to Tracfone, a Net10 sister brand. You can check out my full Tracfone reviewhere. I still think that Net10 is great for many users, but Tracfone came in a bit cheaper for us.
Prior to the switch my wife and I had a family plan through Verizon and we were paying $60 per month, which was their cheapest monthly plan.
Post Verizon, we paid $200 for the Ooma VOIP (one-time charge with no monthly fee), and we’re paying $30 per month for two cell phones through Net10. We’ve cut our phone bills in half, and actually have better all around service now. I recently provided an Ooma review, and this post will cover the second part of monthly budget slimming plan, cell phone service through Net10.
What is Net10?
Net10, Straight Talk, and Tracfoneare all owned by the same company – America Movil – which has nearly 289 million subscribers worldwide. Net10 is an MVNOthat operates off of other wireless carriers networks, such as AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile, and phones can be either CDMA or GSM, based on the model that you purchase. Many different phone models available.
How does Net10 Work?
It’s pretty simple:
You pay 10 cents per minute for basic phones. Minutes are deducted from your total balance (if you prefer a smartphone, Net10 has unlimited talk/text plans with varying GB of high speed data).
Text messages sent and at first read when received are a deduction of half of a minute.
Each minute of web access deducts a minute from your balance.
You can buy airtime cards, usually in one month increments. For instance, you can buy 300 minutes and 60 service days for $30, or 10 cents per minute (hence the name).
There is no monthly service fee (update: Net10 now also offers prepaid monthly service plans as well).
You can purchase more minutes directly through your phone or online.
What are the Benefits of Net10 Over Other Carriers?
No contracts. Don’t like the service? Your loss of investment is extremely limited.
You see your service date and minutes remaining right on your phone screen so you don’t have to worry about where you stand with either. No accidental overage charges.
No daily airtime fees.
The phones are cheap. Many are basically free because they come with free minutes and service.
Want to pay for what you actually get a-la-carte? This is your chance! I had so many minutes that I never used and was paying for with previous cell carriers.
Rollover! Unused minutes during your service dates are banked and rolled over.
What is Net10’s Performance Like?
So far, so good. I haven’t had one dropped call and the clarity is actually better than with my Verizon phone. I’m not sure what carrier network I’ve been operating off of, but I live in a densely populated area with a big Verizon contingent. I really have nothing to complain about with the phone or the service.
Any Downsides to Net10?
One downside thus far is that their customer service has not been the quickest. I’ve called in twice and you can get to a real person quickly, but the two that I’ve talked to had no idea what they were doing. They had to ‘check with their supervisor’ and put me on hold multiple times. Thankfully, I don’t think I’ll have to use them much. The only reason I had to in the first place was because my wife’s phone was stolen and I had to have it deactivated. Also, the phones available are not the latest and greatest, if being trendy or an early mover is a motivator for you.
Who is Net10 Convenient For?
Anyone who can limit their minutes and total cost to less than that of a monthly plan through other major carriers.
Who is Net10 Not Convenient For?
If you live and die by your unlimited data plan from another carrier, you’re probably not going to see Net10 as a good deal in comparison. Net10 does have an unlimited plan, but if that’s what you want, you’re probably better off going elsewhere – check out my cheapest data planlist for recommendations into companies like Republic Wireless.
Final Thoughts on Net10
I really can’t be happier in my switch from Verizon to Net10. It’s saving me about $30 per month ($360 per year), I feel like I’m much more in control of the minutes that I’m using, and the reliability of the airtime has been great. I give Net10 my full recommendation if your goals are in line with mine. You can check out Net10’s full offering of plans and phones here.
Net10 Review & Phone Bill Cutting Discussion:
How have you been able to cut your monthly cell phone bills?
Do you have experience with Net10 or a comparable prepaid provider? Share your experience.
Related Posts:
How to Use Ooma and Net10 to Cut your Phone Bills in Half
Xfinity Mobile Review
The Cheapest Mobile WiFi Hotspots
Republic Wireless: Now you can Bring your Own Phone
Related Posts
Ally Invest Review
Ally Bank Raise Your Rate CD: Insurance Against Rising Interest Rates
Contentment Versus Upgrade Consumerism
94 Comments
Cindy
That sounds like a pretty good deal. I’ve used Cingular’s pay-as-you-go, but it really didn’t save me any money with the daily air time charges. You highlight a clever way to cut monthly expenses.
Sally
I’ve been using Net10 for almost three years now, and my customer service experience has been great. My first phone malfunctioned about four months in, and they not only sent me a new one, but gave me 300 free minutes for my trouble.
Russel
I have a net10 phone and my wife has a Tracfone, I make a lot more calls for business and chose Net10 which suits me well; my wife got a Motorola with double minutes and she just chats to friends and family and sends sms’s so Tracfone works for her. We have been happy with both phones and neither give any trouble with coverage. We used to have a family plan which cost us about $70 more every month so I’m very happy to saving.
Billy
I have had tracfone every since tracfone came out, then switched to net10. My on complaint about net10 unlimited is the call waiting feature is blocked. After 6 different phones and 4 months dealing with this issue, the activation dept finally admitted that on the unlimited plan, those features are blocked. So be aware of that.
Davis
I have used Net10 for over a year, and we have one phone with time that is charged to my credit card, and one that we buy time cards for, just for emergencies. The problem is that the time stacked up on the phone we have to buy time cards for, and we have so much time on that phone now that we want to skip buying the time card for a couple of months, although we are forced to buy time once a month. Now we are told that no matter how much time we have on the phone we are buying time cards for, if we MISS buying ONE CARD, even if we have a tremendous amount of talk time piled up on that card, that Net10 just blocks us from using the time we have PAID for, and if we don’t buy another card in a month they just delete ALL THAT TIME that we PAID FOR. I am very upset over this, and it appears that Net10 has you in a trap where even if you paid for hundreds of dollars in time cards for your phone, and you don’t want to buy yet another card when you have so much time, they will just wipe out your time that you PAID FOR and you are out hundreds of dollars. And that when they are adding time on my other phone charging it to my credit card. My opinion is that it is not legal for them to just remove the time I have already paid for because I want to use some of that time before I buy yet more time, although I am letting them charge on my credit card for my other phone. I am open to suggestions as to how to deal with this situation while I am also open to considering another provider. The customer service was terrible, and I couldn’t even understand what they were saying half the time.
mbv
Cool. I have an extra phone from T-Mobile pre paid. I chose them because if you purchase $100 of minutes, it’s also 10 cents per minute, but the minutes don’t expire for 12 months.
Atlantaguy
The LG300 Net10 phone (which you have pictured) is the one for $30 that comes with $30 of phone time (so is “free”). It’s an ok phone but folks should know it does not have a camera or any extra fluff features at all, and the ear speaker does sound a bit muffled, as though someone is talking through a towel on the other end. However, those I talk to say they hear me fine. The new Motorola EM326 phone Net10 has DOES have a 1.3MP camera and other features (memory card, MP3, etc), so that might be worth exploring if you like to do more than just talk.
I might question the reliability and durability of these phones for long term use, and some folks have “radiation” concerns about these cheap prepaid phones as opposed to more shielded phones from the big providers (there are still ongoing tests about cell phones and radiation, etc, so no conclusions yet). So it’s up to you as to if this is of no concern to you or something to consider, especially if you stay on the phone a decent amount.
I haven’t weened myself from Verizon yet. I got my Net10 because I wanted to sell items on Craigs List and saw this as a safe way to make a phone number available to potential buyers of my items, without having to give out my “real” number. I’m not sure I could use this as my full time only phone, but for my purposes, it’s great for the money and I’d recommend it.
Atlantaguy
Davis,
Per your comments above Davis regarding how they can erase your time accumulated if you let buying a new card lapse: Right now, it’s legal for prepaid phone companies to do this.
I agree with you that there should be more reasonable limits on how long bought time lasts before you have to buy new cards to “recharge” the time you have left. However, unless folks take the time to write letters and emails to their elected officials in Washington (even the White House), then this won’t change. Ask for new consumer laws that forbid time limits on bought time. If enough people get on the band wagon, it will change.
One note though – the advantage for some people about prepaid phones are your ability to remain anonymous when using them. For most folks, their reasons are legit (if some might be sneaky), but there are concerns about this too, which has recently prompted the country of Greece to require all prepaid users to register their phones with accurate information about who owns them, etc. Once we demand that prepaid carries are better regulated, we might have to accept some of the loss of freedom/anonymity you get with these as well.
Nelson
I’m doing the same but net10 + MagicJack. Those 30 bucks a month really stack up. We’ve been indoctrinated with the cell phone use. At first it appears to be difficult to drop the cell phone, but really much of the time we are at our office or home. If you are using voip the cell phone might just not be that important. And if you need your cell phone, 10 cents a minute, is a bargain.
Robert
Net10 realy is a bargain,
its not only the 10cents a min but also 5cents a text
The phone is sent to you.. talk about convienient.\
I buy my vouchers on the site..
over all its easy, its cheap and makes my life an absolute pleasure.
keep it up
Mr. Mann
Big Net10 fan. It’s so great to be able to pay as you go and not get a bill with all sorts of funky charges added to it every month.
Good clean signal, no dropped calls and no complaints.
Awesome.
Davis
Atlanta Guy,
Thanks for your comments, which were very interesting.
Net10 clearly states that unused minutes during your service dates are banked and rolled over. This is misleading, and if you have 2,000 minutes on your phone and do NOT want to buy another time card, which seems insane to me to spend more on a phone just used for emergencies and which does NOT need more minutes, IF you don’t buy another card they just steal the minutes, lol. This does really irk me, so I went on a trip and used the phone with all the time on it, talked a lot on the phone both on the trip and when I came back home, and now I am down to 70 minutes and will be using that time before the FORCED DATE of buying another card, and they won’t be getting anything else on that phone so far as buying more time cards and their little scheme that “you keep paying no matter how much time you have or you lose the money spent on 2,000 minutes of time presently on your phone”. I will continue to use the phone for which they charge time on my credit card while I explore better possibilities. There has to be a better deal than being forced to buy regular cards no matter how much time you have accumulated that they will steal without hesitation. I don’t like that way of doing business, which they used to call “highway robbery” when a setup caused you to lose money.
zagy
What you fail to mention, which is extremely important to people, is the lack of portability from Net10 or Tracfone. Forget about porting a phone number from Net10 or Tracfone to a mainstream carrier should you decide you need a more complete service package down the road. This is a major disadvantage to anyone in business, or who wishes to keep ONE phone number. Beware.
Cheap Loans
Simple..wow I thought UK plans can be complicated. Ill read again lol..Ok I do see and yeh nice and cheap, can only go so far with all this this must be rock rock bottom prices to call people.
Pete
JB in TN
Laura,
I found some contact info on Howardforums that should get you some intelligent people who can and will actually help you…
Call Elston at 800-626-4883 x6107
or
call the Executive Resolution Department at 800-876-5753 (8am – 7pm EST)
Good Luck!
Tony
My new favourite feature about Net10 is the international rates and services.
The International call only cost 15cents per minute to over 100 countries.
If your family in international countries sign up with Net10 they can pay local rates to phone you.
That is worth every penny.
Thanks Net10
Davis
This is the second month that Net10 took payment from my credit card for 250 minutes, and did not put the minutes on my phone.
Last month I had to call and was on the phone an hour trying to get the time I had paid for through my credit card put on my phone. Finally they added the time.
Now, this month, once again I got their notice that they had been paid from my credit card, and that the 250 minutes would be added.
The time has never appeared on my phone. I have written them numerous e-mails informing them that the time is NOT on my phone, and I get numerous form letters from them saying their records show it WAS added. I don’t need this stress. I have called my credit card company and informed them that this will be handled as a dispute and complaint toward Net10 until they credit my account with a payment they obtained for time I never received. This is outrageous.
G.E. Miller
@ Davis – Hmm… I have never had any problems whatsoever with minutes. I usually purchase online and it’s added within minutes.
Davis
Bami, I have explored other phones, and Net 10 is as good as it gets if you don’t want to get bills from providers and have to address mistakes they made, which takes for ever on the phone. I have been through all that, and it was a nightmare. With Net 10 you just buy the time and forget it. The only thing I don’t like about Net 10 is that you are forced to buy time when you don’t really need it, but I solved that by buying enough time to last a year. Recently I bought a phone and some time from AT&T, and believe me, you don’t want to do THAT. No matter how much time you buy on their Go Phone they STILL charge you an extra dollar a day for using the phone, which is $30 a month in addition to the minutes you use and what you paid for the phone and the minutes.
Geiger
Can you use the camera if you have run out of minutes?
How do you transfer the photos to your laptop?
G.E. Miller
@ Geiger – So long as you have the right cord, you should be able to hook up any camera phone to your computer. You can also send photos from your phone to your email address.
Phil C
Can you transfer the sim card to another unlocked phone? I like the concept but really want a phone with full Qwerty and their choices are limited. Looks like they only have one Qwerty.
Davis
Well, buyers should always beware, and I complained about Net 10 because my time was not going on the phone and I had to call them to have it applied; however, now that I have experienced AT&T and their methods, all I can say is BUYER BEWARE OF AT&T!
Since my experience with AT&T I value Net10.
AT&T has what I consider to be a real scam, because when I asked the rep about extra charges he told me there were NO extra charges other than just the charge per minute. Then I discovered immediately that every day that you either make a call or get a call (I wonder about those wrong numbers I was charged for if I didn’t MAKE a call that day, and wouldn’t doubt if AT&T had people who called to just run up the charge). Look at it this way. You are charged a dollar a day just to use your own phone. That is $30 a month. They push the “family plan” so if you have two phones for two family members, and they are used daily, that amounts to $60.00 a month. And, of course, you have that charge for your calls, per minute. So, Net10 does not use any of those sly tricks to cost you additional money, and the service is good. Count your blessings if you don’t have AT&T.
carlos
I just recemtly purchased a net10 fone for myself a few days before christmas, it was the full qwerty samsung. i love the fone but i didnt want to change the number from my old cell phone provider. so dumb old me goes and fills out the online form to transfer my number, and was told 7 bussines days. an hour or so after completing the online form, some lady from the phillipeans (skuze my spelling, idk how to spell philleapeans) and says it will be done within 7 business days. come 7 business days, after im in new york on vacation visitng my mom, still no number, WTF! i calls the incompetent customer service and am told 48-72 hours, come 48- 72 hours call customer service again and told the same thing, and this will continue for another week and a half, witha total of like 2 and a half weeks, so now were going, from 7 bussiness days to 2 and a half weeks. finally at my moms office we call customer service (and btw, this is a few days after new years, the one day were i would have gone mad with my minutes and called everyone, also this is the last day of my vacation, and the last time i will see my mom for a good 3 months,) and we hade to call customer service like 4 times trying to get a competent person. and eventuall, since 4 is the new 3 ( u know, 3 the lucky number lol) we get a competent employee. and after these almost 3 long weeks, i just decide F-it ill just get a new number, their obviously not smart enough to transfer a number. so after my mom gets on the phone and tells the guy and the whole company off, like they deserve, i get my new number and 30 free minutes ( wow a whole 3 buks worth of service, im Soooo, gratful) i ask if theyl ever transfer my number now thats its been set to a new number, and once again, im told yea, thats totally possible we’ll get right on it. its been a few weeks, and so far nuttin, o well. o yea, dont send or receive pic messages, their like 25c for 1. also id like to thnk my mommy $ activating my fone for me, thanks mama!!!!
george
in response to the user Davis who said:
I have used Net10 for over a year, and we have one phone with time that is charged to my credit card, and one that we buy time cards for, just for emergencies. The problem is that the time stacked up on the phone we have to buy time cards for, and we have so much time on that phone now that we want to skip buying the time card for a couple of months, although we are forced to buy time once a month. Now we are told that no matter how much time we have on the phone we are buying time cards for, if we MISS buying ONE CARD, even if we have a tremendous amount of talk time piled up on that card, that Net10 just blocks us from using the time we have PAID for, and if we don’t buy another card in a month they just delete ALL THAT TIME that we PAID FOR. I am very upset over this, and it appears that Net10 has you in a trap where even if you paid for hundreds of dollars in time cards for your phone, and you don’t want to buy yet another card when you have so much time, they will just wipe out your time that you PAID FOR and you are out hundreds of dollars. And that when they are adding time on my other phone charging it to my credit card. My opinion is that it is not legal for them to just remove the time I have already paid for because I want to use some of that time before I buy yet more time, although I am letting them charge on my credit card for my other phone. I am open to suggestions as to how to deal with this situation while I am also open to considering another provider. The customer service was terrible, and I couldn’t even understand what they were saying half the time.
It is true a person must buy a card if the user uses up his/her minutes or if the user’s service days are up. however with net10 not only does your minutes rollover but so does your service days. ie.. if you bye a 300 minute card it you get 300 minutes + 60 days to use those minutes. if you run out of minutes you can’t talk, if you run out of serice days then you must buy a card even if you have minutes on your phone. most people will use 300 minutes before 60 days so if your not using your phone that much then you need to switch providers. if your using the minutes but find when your buying your card that your service agreement days are not rolling over then there is something wrong with your phone.
Net10 and newer single rate Tracfones uses the AT&T GSM network
Net10 gives you more minutes than tracfone but less days in which to use those minutes.
here is a list of the “providers” for Tracfone inc which is owned by a América Móvil.
Safelink- is just for emergency use
Tracfone- if you use very little minutes this is for you.
Net10- used for the light talker type
Straight Talk- 1000 minutes & 1000 text/month with 30MB of web access. $45 “plan” lets the user have unlimited talk & text & web access works off the verizon network. (no roll over minutes)
Net10 Unlimited-Similar to the Straight talk $45/month plan Net10 unlimited is $50/month & works off the AT&T network. (no need for rollover minutes)
Davis
George, thank you for those nice comments. That information was very interesting.
I won’t reiterate all my comments about Net10 and AT&T, but suffice it to say that Net10 has AT&T beat by a country mile. I solved my “having to buy time on a regular basis” problem with Net10 by buying enough time that no time purchase is due for a year. This is ideal since Net10 provides great coverage and all my calls are successful with no “dead zones”. Now I have good service without having to buy time for a year, and NO extra charges.
With the AT&T fiasco, we solved that problem, too, and since we bought a year’s time before we were aware that they have the audacity to charge an extra dollar a day if you USE the phone that day, we just use that phone rarely, and mainly keep it for an emergency. When the time is used on the AT&T phone, we will discard it. That service is worthless in my opinion.
I will stay with Net10. It is the best. No bills, no mistakes incurred by a billing system, no hassle, and no hidden extra charges. I read not long ago that Net10 now is good for International calls, too, and the charges are all reasonable for any calls.
Dan
tracfone (verizon) seems to be better for me.
I purchased one for “emergency’s”.
Motorola 375g on sale $19.99 then paid $99.00 plus tax
and got double minutes for the phone w/one year airtime. I wound up with 1000 minutes w/promotions.
I still have 970 minutes left after 11 months.
I beleive Tracfone has a plan for unlimited usage @$45 month.
Janey
I think Net10 is absolutely wonderful. I have been using the Net10 Unlimited plan and it is seriously just the greatest thing. I have unlimited minutes, texting, and web browsing and the phone is great! I got a LG600G which is a great flip camera phone. There is no contract and just great service!
Pam Siegal
Picked up a NET10 Unlimited plan and phone at my local Target a couple days ago. I found out about it online and decided to check it out. The plan offers me unlimited everything for just $50/mo. I got the Samsung R401G which is an absolutely astounding prepaid phone. The QWERTY keyboard is extremely convenient and makes texting rather easy. Reception is great, I have not dropped a single call since I activated service. Thanks NET10 for a great plan that is both affordable, efficient, and non-binding since there is no contract!
Irina
I’m considering Net10 for my next phone but does anyone know the diffrence beteen the 50 and 100 minute unlmited bundle.I mean, why the 50 or 100 if it’s unlmited????
Melani
I use iwirelesshome.com that can be purchased through any Kroger grocery store (King Soopers, etc.) and with the linking of your loyalty card, every time you spend $100 at the grocery store, they give you 20 free minutes.
I have a $20/month plan for unlimited texting and my minutes are more than covered by my “freebies” so that is actually the cheapest plan I have found, so far, for what I need.
Thanks for your review of Net10, though. It was very informative.
Christine Simmons
If you don’t live and die by the phone than Net 10 is definitely for you. It’s great for those of us who can actually put the phone down and function on other levels. I have been a customer for 3 years with never a dropped call and great customer service. I have saved so much money and aggravation that I had with the other services. It’s a small investment for what you get back.
Davis
Christine, I couldn’t agree with you more! I could write a book about the insane billing problems I had with several different providers. It reached the point that I dreaded getting their statements because they were ALWAYS wrong, and I had to prove they were wrong month after month. That hassle is not worth the service they provided, which was NO better than what I get with Net-10 which has NO hassles. Now I pay for my phone time, I enjoy my phone, I never miss a call and my phone never fails me. I don’t have the stress of some incompetent service provider always getting the billing wrong! Thank you, Net 10!!!
Nancy
I had been with Verizon for years, and when my contract ended recently, I had decided that I would try Net10. They transferred my old number when I activated my new phone and it only took about an hour til things were working fine and I had my new phone and my old number. I made the mistake of not turning off my phone after activation, then turning it back on again, so thought it wasn’t working. Called customer service, and they were quick to ask me if I had done that and when I did, all was working fine. I have only had my Net10 phone and service for a couple of weeks, but so far I am very satisfied. I do send a few pic. messages and recieve them, and they do cost more than just a word text, so don’t flip out when more time is deducted for them.
Not a lot of bells and whistles, but I am a “country gal” so don’t need them anyway. Goodbye Verizon, I doubt I will be back.
Dave
I have the Net10 cdma phone and it works everywhere. I use it a lot will in Canada and am only charged 1.5 min per minute talked , which in the long run , is a whole lot cheaper than other carriers.
Kimberly
Net 10 sounds cool and all, but my prepaid cell phone heart belongs to Straight Talk. I love the ST $45 unlimited use plan and the ST Verizon network is fast and so dependable versus what I used to have with my previous carrier. A friend is trying to tempt me to Net10, but the ease and savings I have with Straight Talk really will keep me there. Even their customer service is pretty awesome and knowledge-able and I have yet to have a real problem they can’t solve. The prepaid market is vast and wide and while Net10 seems like a great company, Straight Talk’s ease really gives it a mark ahead of everyone.
collegegirl83
I just signed up with Net10 recently and I am really loving the service. I did my research concerning the prepaid market and Net10 had the best value for the money. I was able to purchase a brand new Samsung phone and a month’s minutes and still save over what I would be paying with my previous carrier. So far so good with Net 10 and it doesn’t get any easier than Best Buy for the inital purchase and I can actually recharge my phone directly from it. The calling network is pretty solid and no overage fees or contracts make it a great choice. I’ve heard the same out-sourcing customer service issues, but I’ve had nothing but a good experience and would recommend Net10 to friends.
Davis
College Girl, I couldn’t agree with you more. After I got paying time organized by buying enough time that would last a year before necessity for adding time. I no longer had to worry about buying time and whether it was added to my phone time. Now it is smooth sailing, and no worry. I have never had problems with people calling me, my phone is always reliable with Net 10, and I have no problem calling others. I like reliability, and what I didn’t like was calling the billing department EVERY MONTH when I used two other services because they billed my phone incorrectly. It was really a nightmare. I’m happy with my Net 10 and I like the honesty. Oh, and I tried AT&T and quit even using it, because not only do you pay for time used, but an extra $1.00 a day if you get a call or make a call any day, lol, and to ME that is a major ripoff.
Janet
I’ve had Net10 for a year. I’m amazed at the reception. I live in a rural area and my house has a metal roof, so I didn’t have high expectations when I got Net10 because my Verizon phone never worked at home. Most cell phones get no reception under a metal roof. You have to go outside to make a call as anybody with a metal roof will tell you. You can imagine my surprise when I realized my Net10 phone works inside my house. I didn’t cancel my Verizon contract before getting Net10, but after a few months I did, when I realized Net10 has superior reception, not only where I live, but anywhere I traveled since I got my phone. I’ll admit there is a downside. I haven’t had a bad experience with customer service, but if you lose the information that came with your phone, ordering minutes online is a real hassle. If Net10 could simplify ordering so all you have to do is provide your cell phone number, that would make life a lot easier for dumb-dumbs like me.
Timmo
Im a student and i just moved out of my folk’s house to collage and i can’t believe i got an unlimited plan from net10, As far as i know unlimited was for CEO’s and billionaires. Really unbelievable that they can give you all of this for so little. I needed unlimited net for school work and i got everything unlimited. Super Sweet!
Steve
I which my experience with them was as great as some of the review here.But it’s not very poor customer service just keep getting the run around had to call in three times to try to get voice mail work and it still not working.
Calls are drop to the point you think it’s their business to drop calls. They even promises that they would added 60 min airtime for all the problems I was having which they never did.
One time they even transferred me to their sister company which keep me on hold for another 30 min just to be told the same thing it’s fixed now just wait 4 hours and it will be working this seem to be their normal reply when some thing wrong after you been on the phone with them for an hour.
What a wast of money an time.
Steve
Joe
I recently helped my mom switch to Net10. She had been paying 50 dollars a month to AT&T for 10 years, but she was fed up with them because they were stealing her rollover minutes 100-300 a month. We managed to get her old cell number transferred over in 2 days time and her minutes added in about 30 seconds after activation. She was very pleased. She also found that her cell service seems to be clearer than it was with her old phone.
The problem of having to buy regular cards is alleviated by buying a longer period of service. In my mom’s case, she got 4000 minutes + 1000 bonus minutes, and 2 years of service, for 400 dollars. That’s about 1/3 the cost of her AT&T service for the same period. It also makes her minutes work out to about 8 cents.
Davis
Joe, AT&T is the worse in my opinion. Charging a dollar a day if you send or receive a call, extra to the minutes for talking, when I was lied to about any extra time, and when I started getting charged the $1 I stopped using the phone every day and just used my Net10 phone. Then I started getting wrong number calls on the AT&T phone, which since I lost all trust in AT&T I suspected that they sent themselves just to add the $1 a day, hahahaha. I rarely use the AT&T phone, and bought enough time to last a year, so I use it for backup.
I buy a year’s time at a time on Net10, and that rids me of having to buy time and to worry with that. The only thing I don’t like about Net10 is having to buy time and have it added to my phone. That is a hassle. But it is worth it to not have to always have to call other companies to get their incorrect billing straightened out, and I have yet to find a provider that can bill correctly. Net10 is the best.
Diane
I have been trying to transfer my land line phone number to my cell phone since January. To say Net 10 is giving me the run around is definately an understatement. Right now I haven’t been able to use my phone for the past week. Before that I could only make calls, I couldn’t receive them. I call them and now I can’t do anything but call 911. It seems like it gets worse each time I call them. I’ve been on the phone with numerous customer reps. and have heard all kinds of excuses. They told me to wait a week and everything will be fixed. Well, that was about 10 days ago, I called yesterday and was told it could take up to a month.
Logan
Over dinner one night, I found out that my mother-in-law was paying $40/month for her cell phone and knowing her, I was pretty sure that she’s not a heavy cell phone user. I convinced her to switch to Net10 and now she averages $15 a month and since the minutes roll over, she has all the minutes she will ever need. I did good :)
Elisa M.
My 80 year old grandmother loves to take walks around our neighborhood. This is very frustrating as I always worry that something has happened or could happen…especially not being able to contact her to make sure she’s okay. I have tried everything to keep her entertained at the house…from brand new TVs, to all types of reading material…movies…you name it. I even upgraded my tv plan so she has more variety…nothing worked. She told me that she loves to take walks…sometimes even go to the nearby Publix. So I had to think of something. My next step was to get her a cell phone so I could keep in contact with her to make sure she’s okay. However, I knew that she did not need the amount of minutes most cell phone plans come with. Even their smallest and cheapest package was too much! I then learned of Net10 and their $0.10/minute plan. I realized this would be perfect for my grandmother…it was simple & perfect because I wouldn’t be wasting money, yet, still have contact with her the days she wanted to take walks. It’s now been 1 year since I got her Net10- and we had PLENTY of minutes left on the $200 card.
Davis
Elisa, what a great idea to get a Net10 phone for your grandmother for her walks. What a thoughtful granddaughter you are! I know she appreciates you.
Also, this is wonderful to just have the phone with her, in a pocket, when she is inside her home. If an accident happened, a fall or problem, she can call you for help. Keeping it on her night table during the night is convenient and secure, too. The Net10 is small and easy to handle, and my phone has never failed me anytime I have made a call. I have never hit any area while traveling when my phone didn’t work, unlike some of the services I have had, which hit a “dead zone” and wouldn’t work.
Arisa
Net10 works great for me. Paying $15 a month for my cell phone bills sure beat the $45 I used to pay for minutes I don’t actually use. And I agree, the plan is not for everyone. If you’re a heavy cell phone user, you’re better off with the unlmited plan from another carrier.
CandyLover33
Beezer, I’m very sorry with your experience with Net10 but it is complete opposite for me and everyone I know. You are the first I’ve ever heard to have a problem with this wonderful prepaid service. I have been a very pleased customer for almost 5 months now. I would just like to share how much it has been saving my family (TONS!). Their phones are perfectly priced and high quality too. You can’t beat 10 cents/minute either. I hope everyone is having as wonderful of an experience as I am and if you haven’t tried it out yet… you should! Its well worth it!
Henry
CandyLover33 i am in your boat. I have had nothing but a great experience with net10 and everyone that has agrees with me. I find strange that you had a problem Beezer cause i find their customer service to be among the best. And they save me the money so i cant complain.
stratcat45
I just got my Net10 phone today. I had originally purchased a Straight Talk phone..as it turned out ST service worked great in my home area, but not in my work area (17 miles apart)as a matter of fact, there was NO SERVICE in my work area with ST; so that wouldn’t do me for emergencies. Checking their website the coverage maps shows coverage for both areas, however, I discovered that you couldn’t activate a phone in my work area, so they shouldn’t show coverage for that area.
I went to Best Buy today and explained my problem and the usage I use…they recommended Net10 over any of the other prepaid ones and they double checked for me to make sure the service could be activated in both areas thus meaning I should have access in both areas (wish Walmart would of done that for ST, would of saved time, fortunately I can return the phone but not the minute card, out $30.00). I didn’t have to buy a card either – the phone came with one and I can return the whole package within 30 days if I don’t like it (Walmart with ST was 15 days)and be refunded the whole amount. And the phone I got is identical to the ST one (which I liked).
So I’ll get everything set up tonight…and give it a test drive tomorrow!! Got my fingers crossed.
Greg
I’m running a successful business and needed a reliable phone with a ton load of minutes. I was looking for good old cell phones that did what they were made for and well net10 really has grown my business. It’s just so easy to maintain things like minutes and there are no horrific bills as everyone working for me travels the country allot. Same rate everywhere and there is signal everywhere we do business.
Davis
I understand your frustration, Mad Consumer.
I was livid myself, when I spent an hour many times trying to communicate with Net 10 representatives, which was infuriating. Just using a time card and getting them to install the time was a nightmare. I could not understand what they were saying most of the time, and it took forever. Then I decided to solve that problem by having them charge the time every month on my credit card, and automatically install the time. But, then the time was not installed and I was back to spending hours on the phone working on this problem. Finally I solved the problem by buying enough time so I would not have to add more time for a year. It is more or less just buying the time I would buy over a year at one time, which makes it all easy, and it is nice to know I have plenty of time on the phone and that I don’t have to hassle with adding time over the year.
The provider service is great, the phone always works, it has never failed me, there are never any dead call zones, so I am happy so long as I don’t have to call to get more time added, which will eventually happen.
EdwinRoss
I think you nailed it in your review above. They do have spotty customer service at times but their rates and their clarity in pricing set them apart from all other prepaid options. For people who hate being locked into contracts or getting charged for all the hidden ‘service’ or activation fees, Net10 are the only answer. There are better unlimited plans out there but for mid-level users (like me) they are the best value. Thanks for an honest, helpful review.
DanTheMan!
I was a little hesitant switching to Net10, mainly because I had never heard of it or TracFone before last year. After some research though, I figured i’d give it a try since I had read so many positive reviews (and the fact that there was no contract required made it a that much better). Since I barely use my cell phone, I just bought the $10 card, which bought me 100 minutes for the month. After trying it out for 3 months, I felt it met my needs so I decided to stick with it. Really, if you don’t use a lot of minutes and are looking for a solid value, Net10 is the way to go. Not to mention, the phones are economical and sturdy. Nothing fancy, but they get the job done.
DanTheMan!
Correction, I am buying the $20 card, just checked an old receipt and saw it. Whooops :D
Clarissa
Net10 is great…especially in this recession. My cell phone bill has never been lower, $15 a month! I doubt that I’ll be making the switch to another carrier anytime soon but in the event that I do, there’s no hefty fee since there is no contract. Definitely a win win.
beezer
Update: Both phones are now working and Net 10 gave us one month free service. Thanks to Heather for her work on our case. We do appreciate it, but we had to argue with Net 10 to get it. In our jobs, when our customers feel like they have been given an unsatisfactory product or experience, we do what we feel is the right thing and try to remedy the problem as soon as we find out about it. That tends to prevent customers from posting stuff like this on a public forum. That’s just us, we like repeat business. We like positive referrals. Net 10 may have a different philosophy. To each their own.
Unfortunately, we have spent 20+ (TWENTY) hours on the phone with Customer Service trying to get the unlimited web-browsing feature resolved. For people that work 60 hours a week (us), this has been a waste of our time. This could have been avoided if Net 10 would have worked out the process of setting up unlimited talk, text and web browsing on their end before putting their samsung T401G phones for sale.
Also disappointing is the lack of response to messages we have left for Net 10 managers. None of these calls have been returned.
If you buy one of these phones, prepare to spend some time waiting for the initial port to occur, try out the talk, text and web browsing to make sure each feature is not deducting minutes. If it is deducting minutes for any or all of these features, set aside some time on weekdays only to deal with the corporate customer service # I listed above.
Good luck to ya!!
LoveBug10
Beezer, I’m so sorry to hear of your inconvenience with the Customer Service, I have yet to come across a problem like that with Net10 (which I simply adore). Net10 is a great prepaid service and they provide high quality Samsung and Motorola phones as well. Paying just 10 cents/minute and 3 cents/text couldn’t keep me happier. It is saving my family so much and keeping us all connected for a great low price. Net10 is worth every cent!
Naomi
Net10 is a great starter phone. I got my 10 yr. old a Net10 phone and she loves it. I can control her min. usage and the phone is practically free since all Net10 phone comes with 300 min. and 2 month of service.
Teddy J
Naomi, I actually did the same exact thing, but with my parents. Lol. They are elderly and needed a phone to keep in touch when they are on the road or go out, and so far, they love it. They were debating getting on a contract plan, but they figured they didn’t need the minutes, and this way, I can just buy the minutes for them whenever they need it. They have yet to use all 200 minutes in a month and they are now using it more frequently. And the phones are simple to use which is great to them since they aren’t too fluent in technology. Great phone for people of all ages. LoL!
Danny
I don’t understand people who dislike something just because there are a few difficulties. I struggled with net10 CS when i first got my phone. But i stuck with it because every carrier has these problems, But the reason im still with net10 is because im saving allot of money. I don’t get any of those contract problems, bills, expensive phones that are impossible to use. Net10 works, they are cheap, and reliable. Enough said. What more do you need.
Davis
Danny, I agree. Oh, you are right, MMC, it is aggravating to lose your time if you don’t renew at a certain time. I got really angry when one of our phones accumulated so much time we didn’t want to buy more time, but if we didn’t we would lose all the money for the time we had on the phone. I took that phone on a trip and used all the time and dropped that phone, but I still have my other Net 10 phone, and I plan to always have it. My solution, that works well for me, is to buy what they consider a year’s amount of time, so now I don’t have to worry about having time put on my phone for a year. What difference does it make, really, whether you nick le and dime time or just pay that time at once?
What I love about Net 10 is that it has NEVER failed me, I never hit dead zones where I can’t make or get a call, I can call nationwide or out of the country if I wish, and I am not in constant battles with irresponsible billing people who constantly were proven to be wrong in over billing with several other providers I used previously. It was outrageous and stressful. I receive no bills now, I have no arguments, and my only problem is dreading having to call to have time put on my phone again, haha, because I agree that is a trial and a tribulation. I cannot understand the dialect of the people I have to talk with, and I am on the phone for a very long time. I hope Net 10 can remedy that problem, but nevertheless, I am staying with them.
Also, let me say that in my opinion AT&T is outrageous and a “rip off”. I have a phone with them that I made a BIG mistake in getting, because I bought a lot of time thinking it would be as good as Net 10. Believe me, AT&T charges the same per minute for the time bought, but it ALSO has the NERVE to charge you a dollar a day if you make a call or if someone calls you, or if you click to find out information as to who called. Maybe a dollar doesn’t seem like much, but when I know Net 10 gives better service and does NOT victimize me by charging that extra dollar a day, it makes me despise AT&T. I will get rid of that phone the same way I got rid of that other phone, by going on a vacation and using up all that time and pitching that phone, lol.
Sorry this is so long, but just had to share that just in case anybody was interested.
Tweet-Me
Fabulous article. Prepaid is really taking over the wireless market and I’m glad to read that Net10 is on top of it. Switching to it has saved me a great deal and is one of the best decisions I have made. Thumbs up Net10! Great phones, great savings, and great service :)
tracy
I have a net10 and they really are on top of it. 300 minutes with the phone and 10 cents per minute thereafter – GREAT DEALS AND SERVICE
Catherine
I think Net10 is great! The plan is easy to understand and there’s no hidden fees. Also, unlike most carriers, the internatonal rat is the same as the local rate. This really comes in handy for me for calling my family and friends abraod.
Davis
I agree wholeheartedly with all you have said.
It is the best, and I will stay with it.
The only thing is, now I have to call and add time with my credit card (I don’t do those cards anymore, too much trouble), and the ordeal of calling and that it takes so long is the only flaw, and I figure that will take an hour, which I can’t really spare.
But, onward, and they are still the best.
Catherine
Oops….I must have had a brain fart. The int’l rate for Net10 is 5c more than the local rate which to me is still ok because of the convenient factor. it may not be the cheapest but it definitely is reliable, unlike some of those int’l calling cards which you never know what you’re going to get!
Davis
Just a note to say I have praised Net 10 a lot, and think they are the best provider, without a doubt. My only complaint was that I found it difficult to call and get time added to my phone. Well, yesterday I had to call and add minutes to my phone, and I have to say it was easy and fast, I got wonderful service, I was so happy and pleased, and now I am fixed until March 2011. I don’t have to worry about buying time or losing any time I have, or worrying about when I have to buy more time.
I recommend buying a lot of minutes at one time, which eliminates having to worry it. I stopped buying cards, which was too much trouble, and I just put the time on my credit card, and that is the end of problems or worry. After all, we end up buying the same amount of time anyway, so what stretch it over endless buying of cards or charging it by the month by credit card (Net 10 will do that if you ask them to, when you can just get the same minutes at once and the cost is no different, it is just paid at one time instead of many times.
I hope I am making this clear. This works for me!
HEATfan03
Great seeing all of this positive Net10 feedback. I switched over to it a couple months back and its been awesome. Ive saved so much which is important since i just graduated and need any extra money i can take. The coverage is really good too. Net10 is the best prepaid service out there fo sho!!
JuliaA
So I had been contemplating switching to Net10 for a while. And after months of paying high prices for features I don’t even use with AT&T, I decided to switch to Net10. I have been using the service for a couple months now and I’ve never been happier. I purchased the 300 min for $30, which has worked out great because it’s more than what I needed. I don’t use my cell phone to gossip or to surf the internet. I use it to make important & necessary calls…and it only costs me $30 for 300 min. I am saving so much money…FINALLY, a cell phone that actually gives me what I want…Simplicity at value.
The Net10
It’s a terrific value. In addition to charging .10 a minute, texts are as a low as .03 each on their new qwerty phones.
Coverage is awesome, too. Here’s why: http://bit.ly/cNR150.
Davis
Chip, my experience with Cellular South and several other major services, including AT&T, was horrendous. My experience with Net 10 has been wonderful. My recent call to a Net 10 representative resulted in fast and efficient assistance with a pleasant and friendly attitude.
The other services I have used continued to over charge me every month, I had to call them and prove they were wrong every month, and it was inconvenient, stressful, and outrageous. An AT&T rep lied about the service I was signing up for, and although similar in money for minutes used, they charged an extra $1.00 per day if you even received a call or made a call, $30.00 for nothing, in addition to the minutes. I find that OUTRAGEOUS, underhanded and ridiculous.
The Net 10 service and the way they do business is fine with me. Give them another chance.
DannyM.
Yea, I just started using Net10 by Tracfone and I am only paying about $20 a month for my cell phone (down from $45). But, consider that I only pay for my phone, so if you have more than one phone, you will need to buy more minutes. Also, I don’t use the phone as much as I used to, but other than that, everything is the same. I used to use Verizon and when I switched over, I did not notice any difference in the quality of calls or anything. From my understanding, though, Tracfone (Net10’s parent company) uses the Verizon network and piggybacks off it. Check it out if you are looking to save money.
GilmoreGirl70
I’ve been using Net10 for a while now and couldn’t be happier! I even got one for my dad yesterday for Father’s Day.. he adores it. It keeps him connected with his family and friends for a low price and he even uses the texting now (he didn’t like it before). Me and him actually did a funny video yesterday on net10laughoff.com, it gave us a chance to win the prize and be famous AND it was fun to spend quality time together. Net10 is just oh so wonderful!
tracy
I also use Net10 and am extremely happy with the service and the fone. Cannot understand why anyone would opt for a landline anymore as the saving is huge!
Jonathan
I like Net10, so I’m not going to get into that. Since a lot of people are talking about Net10 I’d just like to add that Net10 has this great feature going right now. You can call and get World Cup results from your Net10 phone. I did it yesterday from the road. The number is 1-877-NET10-80. Check it out. It’s cool.
ForeverYoung
I give the Net10 service all my support. The other prepaid services don’t stand a chance in my opinion. The savings each month are great and no longer do I pay overcharged cell bills anymore. Net10 offers me so much and has kept me a very pleased customer for almost a year now. I even entered its new contest at Net10laughoff.com to win some extra cash! Awesome!
Eric
I have a Net10 LG290c! How do I send photos from my cell to my email address! What is the Process? Please help!!
Frank Lee
I have Net10 and love it. I started with their low end LG phone that basically was free because it came with the equivalent value of minutes and airtime to the price$30. Then I git the Samsung qwerty phone at Target on Black Friday which also came with $30 worth of minutes, I was able to transfer my number and balance on their website and have had no problems with it or reason to call customer service. I also pay 3¢ per text with that phone which is a fantastic value. They are the best kept secret in the biz!
James C.
Net 10 is a great value if you don’t use a lot of minutes. It is easy to manage and the phones don’t cost that much in comparison to other cell phone providers. The minutes always cost $.10, regardless of if is during the week or weekend or night or holiday. On top of that, whenever you run out of minutes, you just go to the store and pick up a time card. Really easy. I bought one for my kid so that he can learn to budget his allowance and at the same time, I have a way to reach im, when I need to.
terry
NET10 was a fantastic decision for me. It is pay as you go with no monthly bills to worry about and only costs 10cents a minute with free roaming as well!!!!!
Henry
Both my parents have net10 and love it. The 10 cents a minute and 2.5 cents a text is a great fit for them and anyone moderate user really.
AfterThot
I have liked Net10 since I switched over. I recently moved to Indiana and my previous provider barely offered service here, so i switched to Net10 because I have heard the Tracfone (it’s parent company) has a strong network in the midwest. From my understanding, Net10 uses the network of some of the major providers, like Verizon and Cingular, however, they charge a fraction of what those providers charge. Yea, the phones aren’t super fancy, but they get the job done. I moved over here for school, so sadly, I don’t have a lot of time to chat on the phone. I only use it when I need to and to call my parents on occasion. I am happy with it. Heck, paying $20 a month when I used to pay $45 has me smiling. Like previous posters mentioned, it’s a GREAT plan if you don’t use a lot of minutes. And there is no need for a contract so you can switch whenever.
Email them for support
I got the new Samsung 401g qwerty phone and noticed that i was being charged 5 cents per text instead of 3 cents. I did call customer support and was told that 5 cents was correct . Even after I told them that the packaging clearly stated 3cents as did their website promo for this phone. Then I decided to do the email support – get to it from the Net10 website. I explained the problem and asked them to send me the instructions and the codes i needed to input to fix it. Less than 24 hours and I had step by step easy to follow directions and the 5 codes I needed to input to set the phone for 3 cent texts. Woo hoo, took a few minutes to follow the steps and type in the codes but now am texting for 3cents as promised.. If people have bad luck with calling the overseas customer service maybe they would like to try the email support, I know I was pleasantly surprised!
steven
I have tracfone where its $10 for your first pohne and then its $6 for every other phone so thats 28 bucks a month! Thats super cheap.
Sebastian25
I bought my NEt10 after I read this review for the first time a couple of weeks ago, and all the comments plus the insight about the service really helped me make up my mind. I was under a contract with t-mobile and sick and tired of paying more than 100 bucks for my service.
Now with my new phone I am in control of my expenses, I always know how many minutes I have left, I know how much I pay all the time. And plus they have some very cool phones. Cos you may think that because it’s prepaid the phones may not be as sleek, but I got a Samsung with mp3 player and camera for less than 80 bucks, great deal!
Davis
Sebastian25, I am a fan of Net 10, and stay with it and recommend it to many. It is no hassle, has no billing or contracts, where people try to overcharge you, and I have NEVER had problems with reception or with calling any place. I have never had dead areas, and I hear and am heard perfectly on my phone; therefore, when I saw the Samsung with 300 minutes and the extras you speak of I bought it immediately. I ordered it from QVC, so if you have gotten yours already please tell me about it. I am looking forward to the mp3 player and the camera, and I got 300 minutes free. I paid $100, but I considered that reasonable with the extras I am getting with it! For me, I am staying with Net10 forever. From the bad experiences I had with other providers, including AT&T and others, Net10 is perfect, and now this Samsung phone with the extras and the free time is just the icing on the cake.
Tracfone to Net10
I had been using Tracfone for years and was quite satisfied (HUGE savings over contract phone). When my phone got wet (long story) and the number 4 key would no longer work, I decided to try Net10 (sister company of Tracfone). Although I have only had the phone (Samsung T401g) for two days, I’m pretty happy with it. I like having the ability to check my email and the weather. I also REALLY like the qwerty keyboard (the reason I got the T401).
The only problem I have had is it is charging me 5 cents per text instead of the advertised 3 cents. I just sent an email to technical support, so we’ll see if/how they resolve it.
Davis
Would someone please tell me if Tracfone and Net10 are the same phone service? If not, I would like to know how I bought a Net10 phone on QVC that was a Samsung phone, and when I called to switch the service from one Net10 phone to this phone I encountered endless problems and finally was told that I was with Tracfone, and it seemed to be the same company. Now you, “Author Tracfone to Net10”, say you were with Tracfone for years and then switched to Net10, the sister company of Tracfone. Well, why was I talking with Tracfone if this was a Net10 phone? Was the phone misrepresented while being SOLD on QVC? I’ve been really put through the mill on this situation, and I neither understand it nor appreciate what I have been put through.
mar
To say the least i’m sorry for those who are and have had bad experiences with net 10. I almost quit them 7 months ago because of bad customer service, i.e., on hold over 35 minutes, tech support seems inexperienced, they don’t do much to satisfy their customers….however i stayed with them and when it works, it works!!! It’s almost like a love/hate relationship! I have had my same Nokia phone ($19.99) with 300 free minutes for over 2-3 years and my goodness it’s the best phone i could have ever purchased!!! Clarity is great, no drop calls, no static, it’s the best phone i’ve ever had, no joke!!! I wouldn’t trade my $19.99 phone for anything fancy, (and i love fancy things). For those wondering what to do, i say try them, the beauty of Net 10 is NO CONTRACT!!! You control your minutes. I checked into other prepaid plans and it seems like the next best plan is “straight talk” through WalMart. To sum it up right now I’m happy with Net 10 and going through the Net 10 website and creating an account helps, you can monitor and load minutes through your account. Overall my experience (close to 3 years has been pleasant) and I’m appreciatve that Net 10 is around otherwise we would all be stuck in those nasty, evil contracts!!!!
Davis
Dear Mark,
Thank you for your kind and considerate response to my question. While I was going through the ordeal of talking with five or six representatives, giving them all the same information and having them tell me the same sequence of numbers to put in over and over, I was told I was with Tracfone, and when I kept saying the phone was sold by Net10 they would they say yes it was Net10, and I couldn’t really follow their dialoge and dialect, and accent, so half the time I was just in limbo for five hours.
I think I can safely say that was one of the ordeals of my lifetime trying to communicate a problem on the telephone. But, they decided the phone I bought was defective, so now I am back to square one, and this taught me that a plain Nokia phone functions the best, provides less problems, and is more reliable. I will see if Net10 steps up to the plate and gets me back on track, doesn’t mess up my time I have already paid for, and I have a year before I have to buy time unless this phone situation has ruined my whole status. Sometimes less is better, and as they say, “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”, because buying the new phone caused all this hassle.
Mark
I have paid a lot of money in the past to Sprint and Verizon and had to put up with all their restrictions & penalties. I only need a phone for making phone calls and the convenience of being able to call if my vehicle breaks down or similar situation. I use computers a lot, and have a couple of websites, but I just like a simple phone. I have been using Net10 for close to 2 years now and I am happy with it. I am not a phone person, I buy 300 mins/2 months service and the minutes rollover. You have to re-up in 2 months when you buy 300 mins whether you use the mins or not, that is fine. I use so little that with the rollover, I have 800 min on my phone now, if I buy 300 mins now, it will add 300 more mins and 2 months on top of my existing mins and current 2 month date. Months and time just stack up. Coverage is as good as I had with Verizon or Sprint, and I found out that where I am at (North Carolina)the provider that Net 10 uses is AT&T Cingular. So, basically, a cell phone cost me $30 every 2 months.($15/month)
Mark
To Davis–your question “Would someone please tell me if Tracfone and Net10 are the same phone service?” Yes Tracfone owns Net10, so when you are talking to customer service, it is the same people usually. I had to get a replacement phone and it said Tracfone on the package, but my service is Net10. Net10 is a good deal, do not go with Tracfone unless you have deep pockets, they charge a lot more for a lot less, even though they are the parent company.
Join 10,000+ Members
Get new articles, by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
Popular Posts
Money Saving Products I Personally Use
The Best and Cheapest Tax Software: Top Tax Prep Comparison for 2021
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
FOLLOW 20SF ON:
LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:
SEARCH THE SITE:
Search
20somethingfinance.comCopyright © 2021.
This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.
Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
We value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared. | msmarco_doc_00_16611848 | ||
http://20somethingfinance.com/roth-401k/ | Roth 401K Basics (Updated for 2021) | Roth 401K Basics (Updated for 2021)
Roth 401K Basics (Updated for 2021)
What is a Roth 401K?
Are Roth 401K Matching Contribution Tax Free?
What is the Maximum Employee and Employer Roth 401K Contribution?
Roth 401K or Traditional 401K?
2021 Roth 401K vs. Traditional 401K Chart
Roth 401K Discussion:
| Roth 401K Basics (Updated for 2021)
Roth 401K Basics (Updated for 2021)
Last updated: January 6, 2021 G.E. Miller 42 Comments
My “invest in a Roth IRA or 401K ” post from last week triggered a number of questions from readers.
I wanted to highlight and discuss one of those questions, in particular, as it’s a good one.
It comes from reader, Sandi, who writes in,
“I just started a new job and in 3 months I’ll have to decide between a regular 401K or a Roth 401K. The employer contributes 5% salary to either. I’d never even heard of a Roth 401K before. What are the major differences? Are there more benefits to one over the other?”
Great question, Sandi!
I believe that the choice between an IRA and 401K is pretty clear cut. However, the choice between a Roth retirement account and a traditional retirement account is always much more subjective.
I’ll discuss what considerations should go into the decision right after covering the basics.
What is a Roth 401K?
Roth 401Ks are relatively new in the world of retirement accounts. They were first introduced in the United States in 2006 and their adoption rate by employers was slow out of the gate, but now 70% of employers offer a Roth 401K.
A Roth 401K combines many of the benefits of the Roth IRA and the Traditional 401K.
You have the same 401K maximum contribution as a Traditional 401K while still having the tax now/no tax in retirement benefits of a Roth IRA.
Still, there are some important distinctions to be made and a Roth 401K might not be the best for everyone.
Are Roth 401K Matching Contribution Tax Free?
This thought crossed my mind a few years ago when I found out my employer was adding a Roth 401K option: “Wow, I can get post-tax matching contributions to a Roth 401K! More free 401K match dollars!”.
It’s probably the most common Roth 401K misconception there is.
Unfortunately, Roth 401K matching funds are not post-tax dollars.
When you open a Roth 401K, your employer will open a separate traditional 401K. All matching funds that go into that traditional 401K are pre-taxed, meaning that you are not taxed now, but you are taxed on withdrawals in retirement.
What is the Maximum Employee and Employer Roth 401K Contribution?
Same as the Traditional 401K, the maximum Roth 401K contribution for employees is $19,500 in 2021, or $26,000 for those 50 and over.
The maximum employer contribution for a Roth 401K is also the same as the traditional – $58,000 in 2021 (combined with employee contribution) or 100% of the employee’s salary (whichever is less).
Roth 401K or Traditional 401K?
Getting back to the original question, there is no right answer on the Roth vs. Traditional 401K question.
Many financial pundits recommend young professionals go with the Roth because they claim you’ll be in a lower tax bracket now than when you are in retirement due to lower earning power now. As such, they argue that it’s to your benefit to get taxed now (Roth) vs. being taxed in retirement (Traditional).
Sounds great in theory, however, I think it’s a flawed argument.
There is an assumption that you will have so much saved for retirement that you’ll actually be earning more income on your retirement account withdrawals than the income you are making right now. That’s not always going to be the case. In fact, for many, the opposite will be true. Painting broad brush statements like that are dangerous.
Others argue that tax rates will only go up in the future, so you might as well pay lower taxes now. This is another dangerous assumption to make. Short-term budget shortfalls may fuel this thought. However, when you look at the historical income tax rate, taxes are near the lowest point since 1931! The long-term trend has been downward, even with a little bump in the last few years to the top tax bracket. And with one political party making it their entire platform, that may never change.
I do think that the Traditional 401K format will help most people get the most out of a 401K.
2021 Roth 401K vs. Traditional 401K Chart
Roth 401K
Traditional 401K
Contributions Are
Post-Tax
Pre-Tax
Can be Started By
Employer only
Employer only
Matching Funds Are
Pre-Taxed in a Traditional 401K
Pre-Taxed in a Traditional 401K
Maximum Annual Individual Contribution
$19,500 (2021)
$19,500 (2021)
Catch-up Contribution for those over 50
$6,500 (2021)
$6,500 (2021)
Can Roll-Over to
Roth IRA or new employer's 401K
Traditional IRA, a new employer's Traditional 401K, or a Roth IRA (pay taxes)
Pay Taxes At
Time of Contribution
Withdrawal in Retirement
Can Begin Withdrawing Earnings Without Penalty
At age 59.5
At age 59.5
Taxes in Account
No taxes on dividends, capital gains, or interest
No taxes on dividends, capital gains, or interest
To understand the differences between the two, it’s often most easily observed through a chart.
As you can see, Roth and Traditional 401Ks are very similar, with the exception of the pre/post tax difference. Unfortunately, only you can answer the question of whether or not you want to be taxed now or in retirement.
It’s a lifestyle choice based on your long-term vision for your finances.
Can’t figure it out? You could always split your contributions between the two!
Roth 401K Discussion:
Does your employer offer a Roth 401K?
Do you invest in a Roth 401K over a Traditional 401K or vice versa? Why?
Related Posts:
The Best Retirement Account: Ranked by Contribution Priority
Self-Employed Retirement Plan Faceoff: SEP IRA vs Solo 401k vs SIMPLE IRA
The Mega Backdoor Roth | msmarco_doc_00_16680678 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/roth-ira-basics-in-a-question-and-answer-format/ | 2020 & 2021 Roth IRA Basics | 2020 & 2021 Roth IRA Basics, In a Question & Answer Format
2020 & 2021 Roth IRA Basics, In a Question & Answer Format
What is a Roth IRA?
How can I start a Roth IRA?
Once created, can I move my Roth IRA from one broker to another?
Are Roth IRA contributions tax deductible?
What are the Benefits to having a Roth IRA?
How does a Roth IRA differ from a Traditional IRA?
When can I withdraw Roth IRA contributions, tax and penalty free?
When can I Withdraw Roth IRA earnings tax and penalty free?
Are there any other times Roth earnings are tax and penalty free?
Can I have a Roth and Traditional IRA at the same time?
Can I contribute to a Roth and Traditional IRA in the same calendar year?
Can you roll over a Roth 401K into a Roth IRA?
What are the 2020 & 2021 maximum Roth IRA contribution limits?
What is a Roth IRA catch-up contribution? How much is it?
How often do Roth IRA maximums increase historically?
What is the Roth IRA contribution deadline?
Can you make a Roth spousal IRA contribution?
What are the Roth IRA Income Limits?
The 2020 Roth IRA income limits:
The 2021 Roth IRA income limits:
What is a Mega Backdoor Roth?
| 2020 & 2021 Roth IRA Basics
2020 & 2021 Roth IRA Basics, In a Question & Answer Format
Last updated: January 5, 2021 G.E. Miller 8 Comments
Roth IRAs have become quite popular among the millennial generation (and beyond) and can be a great addition to your retirement savings arsenal. But Roths bring a lot of questions with them, so I wanted to create a question and answer style article to address the most popular questions and basics.
This post covers the 2020 & 2021 tax years. Even if you are past a calendar year, it may still not be too late to contribute to IRAs (more on that below). And if you are interested in Roths, in general, check out my Roth 401K basics overview as well.
What is a Roth IRA?
A Roth IRA is a tax-advantaged individual retirement account (individual retirement arrangement, according to the IRS). They were first allowed in 1998 and have grown very popular, particularly among younger investors, due to their promised future tax benefits. Roths are not an investment, rather they are a type of investment account that allows you to buy, sell, or hold just about any investment that you’d like – cash, bonds, options, CDs, stocks, mutual funds, etc.
How can I start a Roth IRA?
Every online discount broker offers Roth IRA accounts. You can open one individually just like any other investment account. And you can have multiple accounts.
Once created, can I move my Roth IRA from one broker to another?
Yes. Just reach out to the broker that you would like to move your IRA to, and they would be happy to help initiate the transfer of funds.
Are Roth IRA contributions tax deductible?
No. Traditional IRA contributions are tax deductible, but Roth IRA contributions are not tax deductible.
What are the Benefits to having a Roth IRA?
Contributions that you make to a Roth IRA are after tax, meaning that you’ve already paid taxes on them. As a result, you do not have to pay taxes on them ever again (excluding early withdrawals). This includes distributions when you withdraw the funds in retirement. This can be advantageous because many people predict that they will be taxed higher in retirement than they currently are. Also, some people want to lower their taxable income or pass off their IRA to their heirs, tax free.
How does a Roth IRA differ from a Traditional IRA?
Contributions to Traditional IRAs are tax deductible at the time of contribution, however you must pay tax on your distributions in retirement. Contributions to Roths, on the other hand, are taxed now so that distributions in retirement are tax free. You basically decide whether or not you want to be taxed now or taxed later when choosing which to contribute to.
Which should you contribute to?
If you predict that your tax rate will be higher now than it will be in retirement, it may be to your benefit to contribute more to a Traditional IRA versus a Roth.
If you predict that your tax rate will be higher in retirement than it is now, it may be to your benefit to contribute more to a Roth IRA versus a Traditional.
And there is no reason why you can’t mix it up and contribute to both.
When can I withdraw Roth IRA contributions, tax and penalty free?
Since you already paid taxes on them, you can with draw Roth IRA contributions tax and penalty free at any time – although I wouldn’t recommend it unless it were a must – you’re robbing yourself of retirement funds!
When can I Withdraw Roth IRA earnings tax and penalty free?
Roth IRA earning distributions cannot be made without tax and a 10% penalty until age 59.5. Earnings must be held for a minimum of 5 years.
Are there any other times Roth earnings are tax and penalty free?
Yes, in the event of death, disability, or first time home purchase, Roth earnings can be tax and penalty free – within limitation. Check out the previously noted IRS article for more on eligibility.
Can I have a Roth and Traditional IRA at the same time?
Yes. You can have both a Roth and Traditional IRA account at the same time.
Can I contribute to a Roth and Traditional IRA in the same calendar year?
Yes, you can contribute to both a traditional and Roth within the same calendar year, but the maximum IRA contribution limit allowed by the IRS is for the two combined, in total.
Can you roll over a Roth 401K into a Roth IRA?
Yes, you can roll over a Roth 401K into a Roth IRA, just like you can roll over a Traditional 401K to Traditional IRA.
What are the 2020 & 2021 maximum Roth IRA contribution limits?
The 2020 and 2021 maximum Roth IRA contribution are both $6,000, respectively. While decent, this is far less than the max 401 contribution amount.
What is a Roth IRA catch-up contribution? How much is it?
If you are age 50 or older, you can contribute an additional amount to a Roth IRA each year. This is commonly referred to as a catch-up contribution for investors nearing retirement. For 2020 and 2021, the Roth IRA catch-up contribution is an additional $1,000 over the standard annual maximums.
How often do Roth IRA maximums increase historically?
IRA maximum do increase over time, as they are indexed to the consumer price index (CPI) – a measure of inflation. Here is the historical maximum Roth IRA contribution, over time.
Years:
Maximum IRA Contribution (age under 50)
Maximum IRA Contribution (age over 50)
2019, 2020, 2021
$6,000
$7,000
2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
$5,500
$6,500
2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
$5,000
$6,000
2006, 2007
$4,000
$5,000
2005
$4,000
$4,500
2002, 2003, 2004
$3,000
$3,500
1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
$2,000
$2,000
What is the Roth IRA contribution deadline?
The IRA contribution deadline for a calendar/tax year is the same date as the tax filing deadline, typically April 15 of the following year.
Can you make a Roth spousal IRA contribution?
Yes, spousal IRA contributions can be Traditional or Roth IRA contributions.
What are the Roth IRA Income Limits?
All good things have limits. It’s no different with Roth IRAs. Beyond certain IRA income limit thresholds, you can no longer contribute to a Roth IRA.
The 2020 Roth IRA income limits:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $196,000 (up from $193,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $196,000 up to $206,000 (up $3,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590). If $206,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $124,000 (up from $122,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $124,000 up to $139,000 (was $137,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $139,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
The 2021 Roth IRA income limits:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $198,000 (up from $196,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $198,000 up to $208,000 (up $2,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590). If $208,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $125,000 (up from $124,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $125,000 up to $140,000 (was $139,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $140,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
What about the “Backdoor Roth IRA” if My Income Exceeds the Roth IRA Income Limits?
The Backdoor Roth IRA allows those over the Roth IRA income limit a back door (IRS loophole) to make Roth IRA contributions. If you are under the income limits, you don’t need it. If over, there are some serious risks and cautions involved that you should research beforehand.
What is a Mega Backdoor Roth?
Check out my mega backdoor Roth overview, but a mega backdoor Roth is a way for you to make after-tax contributions to a 401K, and then convert them to a Roth account – without having to worry about your income levels.
The Best Retirement Account: Ranked by Contribution Priority
Why Roth Retirement Accounts are Very Overrated & Over-hyped | msmarco_doc_00_16686820 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/simple-ira-for-self-employed-individuals/ | SIMPLE IRA Basics for Self-Employment Income (2020 & 2021) | SIMPLE IRA Basics for Self-Employment Income (For 2020 & 2021)
SIMPLE IRA Basics for Self-Employment Income (For 2020 & 2021)
What is a SIMPLE IRA?
What are the Qualifications to Create & Contribute to a SIMPLE IRA?
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Limits
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Deadlines
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Calculators
Can you Rollover a SIMPLE IRA Into Another Retirement Plan?
Where Can you Open a SIMPLE IRA?
Are there any Special Considerations to be Aware of?
Other SIMPLE IRA Resources:
| SIMPLE IRA Basics for Self-Employment Income (2020 & 2021)
SIMPLE IRA Basics for Self-Employment Income (For 2020 & 2021)
Last updated: January 13, 2021 G.E. Miller 1 Comment
This is the third installment in a multi-part series on retirement accounts for self-employment income. We previously covered SEP IRA and Solo 401K basics. In this post, we’ll cover the SIMPLE IRA.
You don’t have to be completely self-employed to find this or the other two retirement account options relevant. If you have self-employment income (even part-time side income), you could use these accounts to your benefit.
What is a SIMPLE IRA?
The SIMPLE IRA is a bit of a misnomer. It’s not just an easily-marketed and inviting name, but also a slightly deceiving acronym for “ S avings I ncentive M atch PL an for E mployees”.
Why deceiving? While it was created to be (and is) a “simple” retirement account option for employers with fewer than 100 employees (requires very little admin filing and costs to maintain), it is far from being the most “simple” of the three self-employed retirement account options for self-employed individuals, in my opinion.
SIMPLE IRAs are much like Traditional IRAs in some aspects, but particularly in that contributions are pre-tax (deductible from income). There are no after-tax Roth SIMPLE IRA options at the moment.
What are the Qualifications to Create & Contribute to a SIMPLE IRA?
As with the Solo 401K, there are no age restrictions with a SIMPLE IRA (like there is with the SEP IRA).
There are, however, minimum income restrictions:
the employee (includes self-employed individuals) must have earned at least $5,000 in compensation during any 2 of the previous 5 years before the current calendar year, and
the employee expects to receive at least $5,000 during the current calendar year.
Similar to the Solo 401K and SEP IRA, you do not need to be full-time self-employed in order to be eligible. You could be part-time self-employed or earn a side income from a secondary job. Having a Traditional 401K through another employer does not exclude you from being able to start and maintain a separate SIMPLE IRA.
You also do not need to have a registered corporation (LLC, S-Corp, etc.) in order to be eligible.
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Limits
As an employee, you can put all of your net earnings from self-employment in to a SIMPLE IRA, up to a $13,500 maximum in 2020 and 2021 in salary reduction contributions. Those 50 or older can make a catch-up contribution of an additional $3,000 in 2020 and 2021.
Separately, you can also match yourself as employer, with two options:
match the employee contribution on a dollar-for-dollar basis up to 3% of the compensation (not limited by the annual compensation limit), or
make non-elective contributions of 2% of the employee compensation up to the annual limit of $285,000 in 2020 and $290,000 in 2021.
Similar to the Solo 401K, if you contribute as an employee and participate in any other employer plan during the year (i.e. a 401K in your day job), the total amount of the salary reduction contributions that you can make to all plans you participate in as an employee (including self-employment) is limited to $19,500 in 2020 and 2021. You may recognize that limit, as it is the same as the maximum 401K contribution limit.
For example, if you are under age 50 and have contributed $12,000 to your day job employer sponsored 401K, you can then only contribute $7,500 ($19,500 – $12,000) to your SIMPLE IRA as an employee. You could also match the 3% as your own employer.
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Deadlines
The contribution deadlines for SIMPLE IRAs for self-employed individuals are two-fold:
For self-employed persons with no common-law employees, the latest date for depositing employee salary reduction contributions for a calendar year is 30 days after the end of the year (January 30th).
Matching employer contributions are generally due by the tax deadline for that calendar year (typically April 15). Extensions are possible. If a contribution comes between January 1st and the tax deadline, you can characterize it for the previous or the present calendar year. Contributions for a calendar year must be made prior to filing your taxes for that year.
SIMPLE IRA Contribution Calculators
If you want to double-check your math on how much you can contribute and compare to other retirement accounts, here are a few SIMPLE IRA contribution calculators that can lend a hand:
Calculator.net IRA calculator
CalcXML retirement plan calculator
Can you Rollover a SIMPLE IRA Into Another Retirement Plan?
Yes. You can roll a SIMPLE IRA in to another SIMPLE, a Traditional IRA, SEP IRA, or even a Roth IRA – just as you can a Traditional 401K. There is a weird restriction that is unique to SIMPLE IRAs that I will highlight later in this post.
As with all pre to post-tax (Roth) retirement plan rollovers, any amount you roll over is considered taxable income in the year that you roll it over.
Where Can you Open a SIMPLE IRA?
All of the discount brokers in my “ how to start an online broker account ” article have a SIMPLE IRA option.
Always be sure to research minimum balance requirements and any associated fees, including account maintenance or inactivity fees before creating your account. Investment offerings available for SIMPLE IRAs can vary as well, per broker.
Are there any Special Considerations to be Aware of?
One consideration I alluded to earlier with SIMPLE IRAs is around an odd rule on rollovers.
A SIMPLE IRA cannot be rolled over to another retirement plan without two years having passed from the date the employee first participated in the plan. The only exception is a rollover from one SIMPLE IRA to another.
Other SIMPLE IRA Resources:
If you have any questions, definitely consult with a tax professional and/or a brokerage firm.
Outside of the SIMPLE IRA resources highlighted earlier, you should also check out the following articles:
IRS SIMPLE IRA plan page
IRS Publication 560, Retirement Plans for Small Businesses
IRS Publication 4334, SIMPLE IRA Plans for Small Businesses
FAQs regarding SIMPLE IRA Plans
Related Posts:
IRS Launches a Sharing Economy Tax Guide
Estimated Tax Payment Basics | msmarco_doc_00_16697158 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/tax-deadline-and-extension-dates/ | 2021 Tax Deadline and Extension Dates (for 2020 Tax Year) | 2021 Tax Deadline and Extension Dates (for 2020 Tax Year)
2021 Tax Deadline and Extension Dates (for 2020 Tax Year)
When is the 2021 Tax Deadline for Filing (for the 2020 Tax Year)?
Tax Filing Postmark & E-File Deadline
Note: the HSA Contribution Deadline and IRA Contribution Deadline are the Same as the Tax Deadline
When is the Tax Deadline if I’m Out of the Country?
Tax Extension Filing Deadline
How to File a Tax Extension
What are the Estimated Tax Payment Deadlines?
When is the Tax Filing Start Date?
Do I Need to File a Tax Return?
What if I File an Incorrect or Incomplete Return?
When will I Get My Refund?
Where Should you File your Taxes?
Tax Deadline, Extension, & Start Discussion
| 2021 Tax Deadline and Extension Dates (for 2020 Tax Year)
2021 Tax Deadline and Extension Dates (for 2020 Tax Year)
Last updated: March 30, 2021 G.E. Miller No Comments
This article has been updated for the 2021 tax season (the 2020 tax and calendar year), after the IRS extended the 2021 tax deadline. It’s January and other than frigid cold temperatures and seasonal mood disorder, you know what that means – tax season has arrived.
When is the 2021 Tax Deadline for Filing (for the 2020 Tax Year)?
The IRS tax deadline to file your tax return has been extended to Monday, May 17, 2021 (from the typical deadline of April 15). A number of state tax deadlines were also extended to match.
I haven’t found any regional exceptions to this with holidays, but if I find any, I will post here.
Tax Filing Postmark & E-File Deadline
The May 17 tax deadline does not refer to when the IRS receives your tax return. Instead, it refers to the date that the tax return is postmarked. So if you mail out your tax return on May 17 by U.S. mail and the IRS receives your tax return after that date, your return won’t be considered late. The same rule applies for e-filing your taxes. If you e-file your taxes, you must do so by May 17 as well.
Note: the HSA Contribution Deadline and IRA Contribution Deadline are the Same as the Tax Deadline
Update: the 2021 HSA & IRA contribution deadlines were extended to May 17 to match the new extended tax deadline, as it did the prior year.
Note that the HSA contribution deadline and IRA contribution deadline fall on the same day as the tax deadline. This means you have a few additional months to contribute for the tax and calendar year, beyond the actual tax and calendar year. You can also open new accounts to contribute to up to the same date. Great news for savers!
When is the Tax Deadline if I’m Out of the Country?
Your tax filing deadline AND payment deadline, if you are out of country, is Tuesday, June 15, 2021. If you are out of country, you have an additional two months to file your taxes (from the typical April 15 date). Those eligible include:
Those who live outside the United States and Puerto Rico and main place of work is outside the United States and Puerto Rico, or
Those in military or naval service outside the United States and Puerto Rico (there is additional lenience for those in a combat zone, contingent operation, or who have been hospitalized).
If you qualify as being out of the country, you will still be eligible for the extension even if you are physically present in the United States. You must attach a statement to your return explaining which of the two situations qualify you for the extension.
Tax Extension Filing Deadline
If, for one reason or another, you are unable to file your tax return by the May 17 tax deadline, you can file for an IRS tax extension. Note that the extension must be postmarked by the May 17 deadline also.
Also, a key disclaimer – an extension of time to file is not an extension of time to pay. Any taxes due are still due on the normal filing deadline date.
How to File a Tax Extension
In order to file a tax extension, you will need to fill out IRS form 4868. Note that filing the extension does not get you off the hook, you still need to pay any estimated taxes by the May 17 deadline. If you don’t you will owe interest and possibly a penalty on your taxes owed.
The tax extension will allow simply to push back the deadline for sending in your 1040 by 6 months (4 months if you are out of the country). If you’re in country, the extended tax filing deadline is Friday, October 15, 2021.
What are the Estimated Tax Payment Deadlines?
If you make estimated tax payments quarterly, due to earning contractual or self-employed income, here are the 4 quarterly deadlines:
Time Period:
Estimated Tax Payment Date:
January 1 - March 31
April 15, same year
April 1 - May 31
June 15, same year
June 1 - August 31
September 15, same year
September 1 - December 31
January 15, subsequent year
When is the Tax Filing Start Date?
The tax filing start date this year will be Friday, Feb. 12, 2021 – a 2+ week delay from the typical start date. You can start working on your taxes sooner, however, software companies will hold your returns and cannot submit them to the IRS electronically via e-filing until the tax filing start date. Paper tax returns will begin processing at the same time. Your return will not be processed prior to, and you won’t receive your refund until after your return is processed.
I would strongly caution to not file a return sooner than the tax filing start date, because tax software companies will often update their software to take in to account any IRS changes.
Do I Need to File a Tax Return?
You may be wondering “ Do I need to file taxes? “. It’s a fair question. There may be scenarios where you do not need to file taxes, including if your income is below certain minimum income thresholds. However, even in those scenarios, it could still be advantageous to file a return, as you may be eligible for refundable tax credits.
What if I File an Incorrect or Incomplete Return?
If you’ve already filed your taxes, but later found your return to be incorrect or incomplete, here is how to file an amended tax return with the IRS. You may also need to file an amended state return.
When will I Get My Refund?
As a standard, the IRS anticipates issuing more than nine out of 10 refunds in less than 21 days.
However, a newer law requires the IRS to hold refunds on tax returns claiming the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) or the Additional Child Tax Credit until mid-February. Under the change required by Congress in the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes (PATH) Act, the IRS must hold the entire refund — even the portion not associated with the EITC and ACTC — until at least Feb. 15 (in 2021 it will be the first week of March). This change helps ensure that taxpayers get the refund they are owed by giving the IRS more time to help detect and prevent fraud.
Also, with the government shutdown, I would not be surprised if there are some delays this year.
After filing, you can always check your tax refund status to see where your refund is at.
Where Should you File your Taxes?
Check out my list of the best tax prep software and best & cheapest ways to e-file for more suggestions. A few of my favorites over the years (with discounts from affiliate partnerships) include:
H&R Block
TurboTax
TaxAct
TaxSlayer
Also, when it comes time to pay your taxes, I would recommend that you pay taxes online, as it is quicker, safer, and more reliable.
Want more tips? Check out my guide on the basics of how to do your taxes.
Tax Deadline, Extension, & Start Discussion
When will you start preparing your taxes?
Will you be filing a tax deadline extension this year?
How are you preparing and filing your taxes this year?
Related Posts:
2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets and Standard Deductions
How to Use the IRS’s New W-4 Form to Balance your Tax Withholding
How Long Should you Keep Tax Records? | msmarco_doc_00_16704192 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/traditional-roth-ira-income-limits/ | Traditional & Roth IRA Income Limits (Updated for 2020 & 2021) | Traditional & Roth IRA Income Limits (Updated for 2020 & 2021)
Traditional & Roth IRA Income Limits (Updated for 2020 & 2021)
IRA Income Limits
2020 Roth IRA Income Limits
2021 Roth IRA Income Limits
2020 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
2021 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
Why Are IRA Phaseout Limits Important?
| Traditional & Roth IRA Income Limits (Updated for 2020 & 2021)
Traditional & Roth IRA Income Limits (Updated for 2020 & 2021)
Last updated: January 11, 2021 G.E. Miller 1 Comment
This IRA income limit article has been updated for the 2020 and 2021 calendar years. Here is what is covered:
Article Table of Contents: hide
1. IRA Income Limits
2. 2020 Roth IRA Income Limits
3. 2021 Roth IRA Income Limits
4. 2020 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
5. 2021 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
6. Why Are IRA Phaseout Limits Important?
IRA Income Limits
IRA’s are a phenomenal way to limit your tax liability in the present ( Traditional IRA) and in the future ( Roth IRA ). In fact, the IRS views them as such a benefit that they put rules in place to ensure that if you have too high of an income, your IRA contribution maximums or deductions will begin to phase out and disappear altogether.
This is where modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) comes into play, which I just wrote about in exhaustive detail (I should have quizzed).
Since it is still before the 2020 and 2021 tax deadlines, it is important to know both the 2020 and 2021 IRA income limits. If you’re above the income limits, a Backdoor Roth IRA might be an option, but it is not without risks.
IRA’s provide a great way to limit your tax liability in the present (Traditional IRA) and in the future (Roth IRA). There are, however, contribution phaseout limits based on your income that can limit how much you can contribute. The good news is that some of those limits (tied to inflation) will increase in 2020 and 2021.
2020 Roth IRA Income Limits
The 2020 Roth IRA income phaseout limits are as follows:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $196,000 (up from $193,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $196,000 up to $206,000 (up $3,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590 ). If $206,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $124,000 (up from $122,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $124,000 up to $139,000 (was $137,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $139,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
2021 Roth IRA Income Limits
The 2020 Roth IRA income phaseout limits are as follows:
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $198,000 (up from $196,000) or less, you can contribute up to the $6,000 max. If at least $198,000 up to $208,000 (up $2,000), your contribution limit is phased out (see IRS publication 590). If $208,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Single, head of household, or married filing separately and you did not live with your spouse at any time during the year: If under $125,000 (up from $124,000), you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum. If at least $125,000 up to $140,000 (was $139,000), your contribution limit is phased out. If $140,000 and up, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time during the year: If MAGI is between $0 and $10,000, your contribution limit will phase out. If $0, you can contribute up to the $6,000 maximum ($7,000 if over 50 years old). If $10,000 and above, you cannot contribute to a Roth IRA.
2020 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
There are no income limits dictating what you can contribute to a Traditional IRA. However, their are limits as to what you can deduct from your taxes. And what good are Traditional IRA’s if you can’t get a tax deduction when contributing to them?
Traditional IRA income limits vary based on whether you are covered by a qualified retirement plan at work (i.e. 401K) or not. Let’s divide up the two.
If you DO HAVE a retirement plan with your employer:
Single or head of household: If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $65,000 (up from $64,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $65,000, but less than $75,000 (up from $74,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $75,000, you cannot take a deduction.
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your MAGI is $104,000 (up from $103,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $104,000, but less than $124,000 (up from $123,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $124,000, no deduction.
Married filing separately: If your MAGI is less than $10,000 (same as prior year), you can take a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
If you DO NOT HAVE a retirement plan through an employer:
Single, head of household, or qualifying widow (er): Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly or separately with a spouse who is not covered by a plan at work: Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is $196,000 or less (up from $193,000), you can take a full deduction. If more than $196,000, but less than $206,000 (up from $203,000), you can take a partial deduction. If $206,000 or more, no deduction at all.
Married filing separately with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is less than $10,000, you can claim a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
Who said tax law was easy (or fun)?
2021 Traditional IRA Income Limits for Deductions
The 2020 Traditional IRA income limits are as follows:
If you DO HAVE a retirement plan with your employer:
Single or head of household: If your modified gross adjusted income (MAGI) is $66,000 (up from $65,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $66,000, but less than $76,000 (up from $75,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $76,000, you cannot take a deduction.
Married filing jointly or qualifying widow (er): If your MAGI is $105,000 (up from $104,000) or less, you can take a full deduction. If more than $105,000, but less than $125,000 (up from $124,000) – you get a partial deduction. If over $125,000, no deduction.
Married filing separately: If your MAGI is less than $10,000 (same as prior year), you can take a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
If you DO NOT HAVE a retirement plan through an employer:
Single, head of household, or qualifying widow (er): Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly or separately with a spouse who is not covered by a plan at work: Any MAGI permits a full deduction.
Married filing jointly with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is $198,000 or less (up from $196,000), you can take a full deduction. If more than $198,000, but less than $208,000 (up from $206,000), you can take a partial deduction. If $208,000 or more, no deduction at all.
Married filing separately with a spouse who is covered by a plan at work: If your MAGI is less than $10,000, you can claim a partial deduction. If $10,000 or more, no deduction.
Why Are IRA Phaseout Limits Important?
You have an ability to influence whether or not you can deduct your taxes (in a traditional IRA) or contribute to a Roth IRA based on how you impact your MAGI. If you are getting phased out or over the limit, you can look for ways to decrease your MAGI so that you can take advantage of the great benefits that both IRA options offer. Just don’t wait until it’s too late.
On the flip side, you can even get an additional Saver’s Tax Credit if your MAGI is low enough.
And note that the IRA contribution deadline is the same date as the tax deadline for that calendar year (i.e. typically April 15 of the following year).
Related Posts:
8 Personal Finance Spring Cleaning Ninja Moves
The Mega Backdoor Roth
How to Roll Over your 401K Into an IRA | msmarco_doc_00_16712286 |
http://20somethingfinance.com/what-is-the-united-states-poverty-line/ | What is the 2021 US Poverty Line? (United States Poverty Guidelines)
The 2021 U.S. poverty line, percent of the US living in poverty, & federal poverty levels for Hawaii, Alaska, 48 states, by family size.
Menu
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
What is the US Poverty Line?
Last updated: January 20, 2021 G.E. Miller126 Comments
I keep a close watch on all of my expenses and take a bit of pride in how low I’ve been able to drive them. Our (wife and I) average expenses over the last few months has been around $1,770 ($21,240 per year).
If I deduct my effective property taxes from my expenses and subtract the cash back credit card rewards I am getting (often 5%), the average drops to $1,630 per month, or $19,560 per year. This is consistent with my annual average over the last few years.
Getting down to this level made me curious as to whether my expenses were actually below the U.S. Federal Poverty Level guidelines.
Why? Well, I have no intention of applying for any of the federal benefits one is eligible for when their income is below (or even at exceeding multiples of) the poverty line, such as the National School Lunch Program, Food Stamps, Home Energy Assistance Program, etc.
Rather, I wanted to see how close I was from a cost of living expense standpoint to the poverty income guidelines. What does the U.S. government view as “poverty” or “poor” (or, at least poor enough to be eligible for federal assistance). Am I living below that income level (assuming zero taxes)? Could I live below that level?
So, what is the poverty line? Let’s start there…
The 2021 U.S. Poverty Guidelines
The numbers adjust every year. Here are the 2021 federal poverty guidelines for eligibility for related government programs:
Family Size:
48 Contiguous States & D.C.:
Alaska:
Hawaii:
1
$12,880
$16,090
$14,820
2
$17,420
$21,770
$20,040
3
$21,960
$27,450
$25,260
4
$26,500
$33,130
$30,480
5
$31,040
$38,810
$35,700
6
$35,580
$44,490
$40,920
7
$40,120
$50,170
$46,140
8
$44,660
$55,850
$51,360
each additional person, add:
$4,540
$5,680
$5,220
As you can see, the level changes with the number of household members.
According to the Census, 10.5% of the U.S. lives in poverty(note: this is prior to COVID data, and this number has increased dramatically).
Each year, the poverty guidelines are increased/decreased due to changes in the CPI. In most cases, the numbers go up.
Are Our Expenses Below the Income Poverty Line?
At $19,560 in annual expenses, compared to 17,420, we’re not quite there, but we’re close. Could we get there? Yes.
We’d have to cut about $2.1K annually, just under $175 monthly, out of our expenses.
As it is, I feel like our quality of life is pretty rich, even at these expense levels. We cook up great organic vegetarian meals, enjoy an occasional bottle of wine or homebrew, have a nice home in a desirable community, 2 pets, mobile devices, high-speed internet, fancy bikes, clothing, TV, computers, car, backpacking gear, and even take nice cheap vacations. In our view, we are not living deprived. And we certainly don’t feel impoverished in any way.
The sacrifices it would take to cut $194 per month out of our expenses would not be too painful. It would probably come from a mix of cutting some entertainment, changing our diet slightly to accommodate a shift to more bulk food purchases, reducing our HVAC energy consumption, re-evaluating our insurance levels, and appealing my property taxes with city hall. These are all things that are on my to-do list.
This thought experiment is not to compare to or diminish the pain that can be felt while living in poverty. There is effectively a poor taxthat is very real. Also, it’s not even a fair comparison. I live in a lower cost of living state. I’ve spent well over a decade optimizing my finances. And I have savings to pad any emergency or big ticket items.
However, there are plenty of opportunities to drive expenses lower without sacrificing quality of life. That’s my point here. When doing that, it’s possible to become more immune to economic factors that are out of your control, which can sometimes impact your income levels. And you might even have a little fun in the process.
Could you Live Below Poverty Level?
Regardless of your income levels,
Are your annual expenses below the poverty line? If so, do you feel poor or deprived?
If your expenses are above the poverty line, could you get there with effort? How would you do it?
Related Posts:
Money Saving Products I Use
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
Earned Income Tax Credit Basics
Related Posts
10 Fun Summer Activities for Under $10 that you May Have Forgot About
How to Do Your Taxes: A DIY 2021 Tax Return Guide (for 2020 Taxes)
An Overview of the New IRS 1095-A, 1095-B, & 1095-C Forms
126 Comments
Ron Ablang
With a family of 3 living in California I don’t think we could pull this off. However a few years ago when I was single, I think I could’ve easily done it and I saved lots of money to boot even w/ a low salary compared to most of my peers and colleagues.
Joe
Hey.
Not a Facebook or Google+ user, so I’ll leave my question here. I’ve been following your blog for a long time and I love (most of) your articles and thought processes. You mention homebrewing every-so-often. Have you been able to financially justify homebrewing? If so, can you break it down for me?
My father and I brew our own. For his birthday, I brough him the ingredients for a Froach Heather Ale. Altogether, the ingredients cost $50. So in material alone, I’m ready above my $1 / bottle threshold (5 gal batches) that I use to determine if the beer is a deal.
Looking forward to that blog entry!!!
G.E. Miller
I cover it in this post, which is a bit old, and I should probably re-vive: https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-homebrew/
It does make sense financially. 5 gallons should equal between 8-9 six packs (of very high quality bottled beer, not Piss or Piss Light). Ingredients usually cost me $35-45. High quality six packs cost $8-9 + tax (let’s say $85-$90 on average for 8-9 packs). Tastes better too. And it’s fun. And it makes you more interesting. Win!
Jay Cee
“BEER BREWING” Maybe you can justify brewing your own beer by a “cost benefit ratio” but you cannot use “six packs” as a valid method to compare/contrast method. If you are as financially astute as you sound, you know that six packs are a horrible investment. If you brew beer in bulk,you would use minimum of 12 packs as a method of comparison. Really you would want to go a high as you could i.e. 30 packs. Which would create a much different outcome.
John beer
Locally produced beer is only sold in six packs. There are very few great beers sold in 12 packs and anything sold in a 30 pack is imho gross.
JC
Ok 30 packs was a far stretch but there’s definitely some solid beer sold in 12 packs. Or a 15pk in this case. http://www.totalwine.com/ale/ipa-india-pale-ale-/american-ipa/founders-all-day-ipa/p/138614131-2?glia=true&s=921&pid=cpc:Shopping+US+FLOR+ENG+SPART:::google:&gclid=CjwKCAjw3cPYBRB7EiwAsrc-uZwqH0ZwrW_mHe_vWIu0zCE0pimEYX_Ax8Z73tDaLiHXq6GVD-BJ6xoCwY4QAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds
Gwen
I believe the poverty level is too low. The state has a guideline as to how much food, housing, or other resources a family need according to size and income. The cost of living has increased drastically. Housing, food, medical the basics to sustain a decent living should be afforded to all Americans.
JP
I think this is a pretty awesome way to look at things. Our expenses (2 of us) for what we are consuming are right above this mark at $17,880 even in the fairly expensive city of Austin. The key to this for us has been to say no to a mortgage. We were able to buy a house in cash after working our tails off through college to stay out of debt, and going even crazier for a few years afterwards.
Here’s our quickie budget (note, this doesn’t include gifts to our church):
$500 – Food & entertainment
$300 – Property Taxes (This one hurts the most because I can’t do anything about it)
$140 – Utilities (this drops big time in the winter)
$250 – Gasoline/Vehicle Maintenance
$75 – Gifts. Some for Christmas, and then birthdays, etc
$125 – Misc expenses (home repairs, postage, medical, etc)
The awesome thing is we lived dirt poor for a few years and told ourselves it was so we could have a mansion, never work again, etc, etc. Now, we can easily do it, but found that we can do everything we want to on this amount. The budget above even includes gas for our boat to go water skiing 1-2 times a week. Now we can just parlay all of our savings into investments and real estate.
Robbin
I notice you don’t list paying for health insurance and auto insurance. I live in Austin as well.
In addition, if you rent, you will not qualify for any place unless your monthly gross at least three times the monthly rent.
Katherine
So true. I was thinking the same thing. Did not list rent/mtg, health and car insurance. Auto maintenance. He sure skipped alot!
A. Thomas
He did mention buying a house outright so no rent or mortgage, just property taxes. And he did mention auto maintenance. BUT, he didn’t mention health, auto or homeowners insurance. All of which cannot be avoided!
Roland Loos
Your expenses seem to lack a few fore example
1. do you pay for health insurance, life insurance .
my wife and I both are retired and pay $460 a month for
medicare and supplemental health insurance
2. how about homeowners insurance. We pay $100/month.
3. do you have expenses for telephone and cable/internet.
4. how often do you buy a car, which would require car payments unless you pay cash.
5. do you pay for car insurance
CR
GE – what is the breakdown of your $19,560? Does that include a mortgage pmt each month? Or was that excluded because it’s equity?
My expenses average about $20k per year…and that’s only for one person. I am surprised (and impressed) your average is so low, GE, for TWO people.
My top three “spend” categories are 1) rent, 2) travel, and 3) Auto. Close followers are food, “dining out”, and clothes. I really think of myself as a ‘saver’, but apparently I am not as frugal as I thought! I have a new goal to work towards, though I know I couldn’t get down to $11,150 without downgrading significantly in where i live (both from a safety and a location stand point). I currently only pay $650 for rent (w/ 1 roommate) and bills are included. Compared to my peers, that is pretty low (I live in the north texas area about 10 miles from the downtown area of the city).
I guess it’s time I re-evaluate my budget and figure out more areas where I can save. Challenge accepted :)
diana shamblin
GE Miller I do appreciate your ability to live on a small budget. While I might appreciate your dedication to living frugal I also think it is obvious that your lucky or Bless with good health, a good education and a partner who is also of the same thinking. You seem a bit proud as you might compare your circumstances with the general populous. I have lived on a budget all most all of my life I am now retired and we are doing well. I am no longer concerned about saving or the future. I will not go into my long story of life. But, I will add I over came many obstetrical, but I was blessed with some things I have discovered many do not possess. First is a determination a drive and a unwillingness to NOT be a victim. Second was intelligence I do not mean school education, (I did not have much school education). But I did get an education from many form. I have met many people with a great deal of Schooling but can not think independently.
As for planing and saving that only go’s so far. There are so many things in life that can happen the you have no control of that will change your life it seem over nite.
Be great full for everything you have and try to teach people how to live within their means and how to save. So many get bad advice or do not know how to budget. You have a platform that can get info out so you should feel obligated to teach the less fortunate. I have never read you column before, so if I misjudge you, I apologize. Thank you
Tim Richmond
This definitely is a good way to look at things, but it also puts things into sort of a sad perspective. A lot of people have to live on that amount of money or less– I have not seen too many posted comments about having a low quality of life. You do, of course, offer good tips for maintaining good quality of life while spending less.
VERY POOR FAMILY
I admire that you are not using government assistance because our family is a family of 6 with 2 dogs, and we use government assistance, even though the programs do not really provide enough assistance. Right now, I may am receiving Social Security benefits, but Im currently without a health insurance. My children and my husband are covered, and that s only thing matters to me because anything can happen to my children. I am not that worried about me because Im relatively healthy as I rarely go to doctors and emergency room departments.
We are still struggling to flourish in this economy, and my husband is struggling to find a job due to his disability. I was a working “student” mom until I decided to stay at home to be here more often. Im currently studying pre-pharmacy, and hopefully, I can achieve this as to become a pharmacist to be able to provide for my family.
We may have basic necessities and “luxuries” such as cell phones, cable, and so on, but I dont think my family are happy as they want more out of this life like with bigger house and fancier stuff. I believe it is due to the society in US that many people feel deprived due to the standards of being “wealthy.” I believe I will be more comfortable with being humble without those “fancier” stuff to fit in the society, but it is hard to teach the new generations of children how to live simple.
Anyway, I just want to tell you that I truly admire you for taking care of your family well without using any of government assistances. You are an excellent mother and a wife.
Phil
I live way under the poverty line but I’m not under any illusion that since I can do it everyone else can too. All it takes is one disaster when one lives on the edge to change one’s life from comfortable to misery. Whether that means a blown furnace (that happened to me) or a random serious health ailment.
I personally think that the poverty line is way too low. The big deciding factor is health insurance. Unless you get it cheap through your employer or qualify for government assistance it does’t take much to wrack up a bill large enough to eat up an entire savings. Also the poverty line does not take into account how much it cost to get to work. In my case I have to go 40 miles one way for a part time job. There is just nothing closer. Half of my income goes to just getting to work.
When the government came up with the idea of the poverty line in the first place health care was much cheaper and commuting more than 10 miles to work was unheard of. Also housing was much cheaper then.
Carol
The poverty level changes each year. When it was created everything was much cheaper. I think a young healthy single person or couple would be able to live comfortably most places at the poverty level, but when you start adding children it becomes very difficult. The poverty level seems only to take into account food, but housing gets harder to find when you need more bedrooms and a safe place to live. Then clothing, entertainment, education, all much more difficult. All is based on affordable health care and having a suitable job, of course.
Carol
If you moved back home the entire family income is counted.
michele
Okay well I make 400 dollars more than the poverty line. I move out of my condo in April and I can’t live on my own without some assistance. But I can’t qualify for assistance because I make to much! I’m A single mother and work 7 days a week averaging 60 hour weeks! I have no debt and just the basics no tv. No internet just my cell phone and a 10 year old car and no medical insurance. I live in Colorado..Even a 500 sq ft studio is 650….and its be and my 4 year old son
Julie
For most single parents and some couples with children you must factor in daycare costs which can quickly eat up a budget. Most single parents did not happily choose to raise children on their own. Many single parents do not receive any support from the sometimes completely absent parent.
Jeannette
I feel your pain, my husband and I live in western Colorado, and it is ridiculous what rents they want, even for a crappy place. Since my husband had a stroke in January and lost his truck driving job we have been living on the edge. If it weren’t for my SS, we’d be in worse shape. We have debt, from a time when he ran his own business, and although we could pay on it, once the truck driving went away, now we have creditors hounding us. My husband could not find work here locally except for a minimum wage job stocking shelves, this barely covers rent, much less utilities. When we went to apply for public assistance, they said he made too much money at his previous job and was disqualified. How asinine is that! Once unemployment ran out (what a joke that is) we were forced to sell off household goods, furniture, computers etc, just to pay rent. Our savings was eaten up in medical bills. We finally got SNAP, but because he missed a meeting of Work First, they cut the food assistance in half. I’m 66 and he’s 54, and I never thought when I got to this age I’d be worried about being homeless but every night I lie awake worrying, I can’t imagine what this would be like for those who have children….
Anxiety
Unemployment insurance is a joke. I got a couple of checks, my former employer wanted out of the responsibility and took me to court to claw back the $5o0 I had received. Hiring a lawyer for this would be prohibitive, so I lost my case and have to pay back. I’ve only been able to find a part time job at this point, so the $500 was critical to me.
Aronel
I too am a single mother. I have two kids and am renting in Colorado. We have health insurance thanks to assistance but that is the only help we get. I was fortunate enough to find a place where I can actually afford but after rent, insurance, utilities, phone bill, and groceries there is nothing left. I find it laughable a lot of people think they could live under the poverty level. They must NOT have children. Money for entertainment and homebrewing???? Seriously??? If you have money to homebrew you are not hurting for cash and can’t really understand how those living paycheck to paycheck are. I’m fortunate to get nice shampoo for myself. Sheeeesh reading this whole article really just made me feel like some people are out of touch. No shit you can live comfortably above or at the poverty line your buying organic food and homebrewing beer while others are ridden with anxiety wondering how they’ll be able to pay rent even after working a full week
Reet
Feeling your pain. This is why we need Medicare for all and free public education up to 16 yrs instead of the current 12 yrs. No one in this society can enjoy a decent standard of living without a college or tech school education. ….and free childcare.
Chelsea
Health insurance at full premium through a group plan at work: $550/mo (I am considered uninsurable on all private plans)
Cost of medications and medical supplies with insurance: 250/mo
Cost of doctor visits: $30/month
Cost of hospital bill repayments: $70/month
Monthly income: $931
Monthly health costs: $900
I couldn’t live on $31/month. I would die. I am glad that I do not live under the poverty line.
And?
If you were spending that much money to keep anything else running, you would have rid yourself of it long ago. It doesn’t sound like you have much quality of life with if so much of your income is spent just keeping you alive.
I’m all about modern medicine, but on the other hand, there is something to be said for natural selection…
sam
Holy moly, are you literally telling this person that she doesn’t deserve to live?
Jeannette
That’s cold, and what makes you such a great specimen?
KJ
As someone who is the parent of a (very) medically complex child, this comment is untrue. Often, children born with my son’s condition grow up to be kind, intelligent, and vibrant people who live life to the fullest, and have a very high quality of life (since they know how precious it is). Chelsea, I’m glad you can afford your care. You are worth it! Stay strong! 💪🏻
LameBear
Fine “human being” you are!
Future
Omg I can’t believe u jus said that, what a horrible way of thinking! That is not a way of helping someone by sharing ur experiences or advice on what to do to make the situation improve, boy u r not so intelligent! Where is your compassion? Maybe spend some of your income on therapy, sensitivity therapy!
Jay
Obviously, Mr. Miller has never had a water heater explode in the middle of the night, a blown headgasket on an automobile while about 500 miles from home, gutters ripped off from the facia due to an excessive ice storm, a prescription that costs $120 a month that an affordable healthcare plan doesn’t cover, or any number of life’s little surprises that take a huge bite out of a family’s monthly budget. Oh, and the affordable healthcare plan; $600 a month for a family of two. We dropped cable, downsized to just one cellphone, eliminated the house phone, eliminated one car, gave the dog away, share an internet connection with a neighbor and stay awake at night thinking of more ways to reduce our monthly outlay of cash. Does anyone else have more ideas as to what we can eliminate or reduce so that we can live on the published poverty level of $15,140 for a family of two? That’s about $1262 a month… my utilities, housepayment, health, auto, home and life insurances erase that figure immediately. I have been entertaining the thought of selling the house and renting, but rent and renters insurance are as much if not more than my current housepayment. Anyway, it is silly to try and convince people that it is possible to live at or below the poverty line for any length of time. Life happens. All it takes is one hospital stay that the health insurer refuses to pay for that can push a person to bankruptcy. Good luck to all of you trying to survive in this economy.
Tara
Absolutely agree! Just ask my mother whose heart nearly stopped beating and the insurance company won’t cover the costs. Her medical bills would be literally ten times the poverty line for her THREE days in the hospital.
Jim Rizer
I live in the Philippines now which is the only place I can afford to live.I have no luxuries. No cellphone or cable or tv.Just myself and my wife trying to get along on $753.Per month SS. I’m not in good health and am 78 years old.Life here is not easy but it’s all I can afford.
Jeannette
Do you have a garage? You could fix it up sparingly and rent it out as a bedroom or studio….?
Josie
You are wise and correct,you have slashed all u possibly can. Poverty level is a joke absolutely impossible amount to live on without assistance. I am recently divorced i have 25,000 to live on yearly . I dont travel or spend except for basic living,heck i eat out i time monthly cheaply,have a 2008 vehicle,live in a mobile home and am constantly trying to be frugal.like u said something breaks or you get sick and need meds it can put you in debt fast ! I try to eat healthy and take in the simple pleasures of life for entertainment and hobbies,
( kayaking,parks,beach,gardening,cleaning home,grilling meals,being outdoors etc.) BUT…THINGS HAPPEN……you are at the bottom of the barrel with your expenses already but i do hope you enjoy life and have love because thats what is rich in life. Good luck !
Charlie Lawrence
I relate w/U; My only health care is VA – hardship – + medicaid for an ER trip if it comes up; And medicaid dental – which took 2 yrs to get on – for just the basics (77 yo). So, I decided, at my age, to use my credit card to join the health club/gym and swim in the big 50 mtr pool three times a wk. (comes to $36/mo) I shower there, too. (+hot tub and steam room). Brush w/iodine waterpik and now, BP, glucose down; old back and knee surgeries healed, no dental probs any more. Lost 25 lbs. 24 laps (1 1/2 mi) three times a week. Meds thru VA w/copay; No cell, or cable – just the little box and rabbit ears. Take free emeritus art classes, yoga. AND read good spiritual books. If just the ISP would come down. My computer bill is killing me. It’s a racket. (Oh yes, Low-income senior housing. (HUD). Apply NOW and save the rush. It reminds me of the 60s in the barn. (Was an engineer – until reagan took it all away: career, 3br house, cars, life-long pension, health, . . .) Feel better than in 30 yrs! Dylan: “If ya ain’t got nuthin, ya go nuthin to lose” is becoming my motto. Read Stephen Levine : “Who Dies”.
joe
New York and other expensive cities have their own aid programs. For example one of my uncles recieves SSI because he is disabled. When he moved out of New York to Louisiana to be closer to family his SSI was reduced because he didn’t get the extra money New York gave him.
sara
I’m sure it was reduced because it is much cheaper to live here in Louisiana than New York. My son and I live $1030 below the poverty line and we do fine. But, we also get assistance. Not much, but it helps. If my lazy, selfish ex would pay the child support he was ordered, we’d be doing better and I would not constantly be worried about the next emergency that may make us homeless.
Tara
Living paycheck to paycheck at the poverty line is doable, yes. You can cover your daily expenses. You can even do it fairly comfortably if you’re lucky or if you live somewhere with a low cost of living. What this article fails to quantify is the STRESS of living that way. What happens when you get those unexpected expenses? What if your car goes? What if you get sick and can’t work. Can you afford health insurance? Can you afford the things health insurance won’t cover?
I understand that the point is to live simply and save the rest for these expenses, but I think this article trivializes the plight of that 15% of people who doesn’t find living inexpensively a game.
G.E. Miller
This article is not geared to those living at a poverty level income, and is not meant to trivialize the challenges of doing so. The point is that you can fairly comfortably live at a poverty level expense, and if earn above, it presents significant savings opportunity.
Social commentary on the plight and stress of poverty is far beyond what this post was intended to discuss.
sbbama
The point is you can not live comfortably on a low income in the US. Do you ever buy clothes, go to the doctor, pay health insurance or pay rent of 600 per month? Do you need an auto to make this amount of money and do you buy gas and maintain the auto?
The real point is why do intelligent people posting on this website live on such pitiful wages. Why are profits going up and wages going down, what happened to the middle class?
L clark
I do not really get what you mean by poverty level expense.
Just to pay the mortgage and property taxes, very low mortgage a lot less than rent is $850 pcm. Family of three, two seniors and one disabled son. Medicare premiums and copays gobble up $500 pcm not counting copays and deductibles. Utilities and insurance for car and house $350 our car is sixteen. So there is $22,000 a year. We eat mostly vegetables, never eat out, buy clothes from thrift stores. All our furniture is second hand. We have not even bought food yet please note. We get extra help with presciptions and $200 a year towards winter fuel. We do not drink smoke or have cell phones, jut a small track phone that cost ten bucks. Worked hard our whole lives. Husband has TBI son is learning disabled. With family help we get $24,000 a year which prevents us from getting any help other than prescriptions. My One luxury is the internet and an ipad that was given to me. Just ask what it is like splirging two grand a year for all our food, clothes, repairs and all else. I think you are just not counting it all in on your own expense list.
Jim
Heck my health insurance alone is 12k a year(self Employed, single dad to 3 boys). I currently live far about the poverty line, but have less free time and disposable income then many who live closer.
As I read these things, I realize I am working far too hard for too little.
Greg
Hi Mike
I was browsing the web about poverty level income and came across the article you wrote.
Just wanted to say thanks I appreciate your incites.
Greg
mom of 5
I manage to keep my family of 7 going on $2100 a month. It is super tight and we don’t get to go do a ton of activities, but I can certainly say is interesting and educational. We eat organic and gluten due to horrible food allergies and we homeschool too. We certainly love paycheck to paycheck. My husband works two jobs, but I couldn’t work if I wanted because we wouldn’t be able to afford daycare. When we bought our house 4 years ago my husband made 4 times his current income at one job and I worked full time. He was laid off and had to take whatever he could get and my job became obsolete (I used to be able to work from home and watch the kids.). All in all, we went from about $150, 000 a year down to $25, 000 without a reduction in house payment. We couldn’t afford the option we had for both control (due to my health issues) and the result is a large living family on next to no income. Our energy bill (on budget billing) is about $325 a month.
bs
Couldn’t afford a condom or spermicide seriously?! “Love living paycheck to paycheck…” WTF?! I hope that’s a joke because I’ve experienced nothing more depressing & stressful than having to live like this especially once a child was added. When rent alone takes your monthly income leaving a choice between eating or having electricity shits not “fun” or “living” it’s misery!
The guidelines are a lie & unrealistic they’re based on gross income which means shit because we pay these things called taxes. Some people take home right under the line, but are told they don’t “qualify” for help this doesn’t mean they can live on these bullshit guidelines.
Jeannette
I’m thinking it”s a typo “loving paycheck to paycheck” since the ‘i’ and the ‘o’ are next to each other, probably she meant “living paycheck to paycheck’
trougnouf
Everyone still needs to pay for medicare and SS tax. I made about 15k this year and I still had to pay 10% in taxes.
Jean
We are retired- living on my Husbands SSDI. I am 61 & not eligible for SS ) After foreclosure & bankruptcy in 2008 ( GM closed plant) which relieved us of our home& cars ( also removing our ability to look for employment) we are surviving (?)
All our $ goes to bills : rent/utilities /insurance/ medical. Netfix & TracFone only and we now drive a 1997 jeep. We have Grandchildren in FL/ IL/& AZ that we will never see. Reverse travel for them is not in the picture either.
Diane
It certainly would not be easy, but I couldn’t imagine not seeing the grandchildren! IF it were me & IF I didn’t have strong ties to area where u live, I would consider finding a place midway between the grands, or near 1 of them at least. Even S. Missouri, Springfield/Branson or other; not too far from IL, could drive to FL or AZ from there, maybe few times a yr, if retired. (Or ck for states with positive healthcare & housing & benefits for seniors). Personally, I like warmer states, either Texas, AZ, or upper Florida to try to avoid hurricanes.
Or, I’d get a used travel trailer & just go.
Good luck to you!
Rachel
I began working and saving money when I was fifteen, and at 19 I was able to buy my own home, living below the poverty level. Now, two years and a promotion later, I make around $12,000 a year, and still live comfortably in my own home. I can afford to go out and even take the occasional vaccation/trip on that income. Of course, I have the benefit of free meals from my employer, so my grocery bill is about $30/month, and I drive a fully paid ’02. But I don’t feel deprived in any way. I have been extremely blessed.
T919
You mention “hubby had heart attacks”. How were they treated? You do or don’t have insurance? Did he not go to the hospital? I’m confused. You paid cash for the hospitals and Rx’s if any?
T.
Now try to manage no income period. Ever wonder about the “No one left behind” comment? You did’nt build that! Example: The 99ers and beyond. Stress? Long term unemployed in some instances, more than two years or even three! I’m also referring to people who did not give up looking for work and continue. Some applied to over 200 jobs and still no results. Health ins.? Whats that? Something needs to change with the elimination of real jobs being exported out of the U.S. Where’s Congress? What’s really going on? At least I don’t have a mortgage or rent payment since I own. I’m going on two years unemployed and over 100 jobs applied for. Echoing the debate on gun control; we need real change! Happy job hunting! P.S. Unemployment insurance is poverty level. Thanks for the statistic. Something to think about. Gday,no worries mates!
sara
What kind of jobs are you applying for? I just don’t believe after applying for over 100 jobs you didn’t get one. Unless, you don’t apply for jobs you think you are to good for, or to qualified for, or are beneath you. That is what the main problem is for most of the people complaining that there are no jobs. They simply will not even think of applying for something they feel is beneath them. Boo Hoo.
Jeannette
Try this out Sara, in western Colorado when the gas fields closed down 300 truck drivers were out of work. Many left, but 200 stayed…Now locally there may be a dozen jobs suitable for these people to do, so every time you went to apply for a job, you were competing with 200 to possibly 300 people with the same job skills and length of time in a previous job all applying for the job you want, or the only jobs available…and don’t say ‘why don’t you move to a place that has more jobs’, because if you’re not working you have no income and moving requires income, first, last and security to rent a place, ability to go somewhere to rent it before you move, moving costs, having a job when you get there, all require ‘money’ and if you have none you’re stuck looking for work where you are..it’s not always a matter if a job being beneath you, or you’re not qualified for, when you are out of work and living on practically nothing, ANY job, is better than none..
Regina
You forget that some employers don’t even think about hiring someone who is over qualified.
KP
I hear you. My husband has been unable to find a decent job in four years. Went from $60,000 a year to $0.00. Where I live, if you are over 45, and have a college degree, you are not employable. Now, if you just have a high school diploma and are willing to work for minimum wage, there are jobs. But, once they see you have a degree, you are considered overqualified and a flight risk. I work part-time, been trying to find a full-time job, but have been told that I have been part-time too long (that’s all that is out there, unless I take a several thousand dollar pay cut that I can’t afford!) and I am told that I am a job hopper- been at my current position 8 years, but I am 49 years old.
Kwyjibo
“Could you Live Below Poverty Level?”
You need to replace the word ‘live’ with the word ‘survive’.
When you’re forced to forgo a cup of coffee at a shop with friends because you’ll need that 1.50 for the bus in the morning that will get you too work but won’t bring you back home because you don’t have another 1.50…then you’re not living…you’re just surviving.
This is how those of us in poverty really live. It’s not some freakin’ game of ‘oh I’m all set up with my house and car and SO who also works so we’ve got a nice bank account and a 401K so LET’S SEE HOW MUCH WE CAN SAVE!!! YIPPEE!!!!…’ kind of game, people.
This is real life for some of us…not some banal choice.
Carolyn
It depends on your definintion. At least there is a bus. Poverty levels in the US are still higher than the average cost of living for the majority of the world.
As for the specific example of the bus, I haven’t had a car for 10 years. Do I walk a lot? Yeah, in fact I walked 8 miles yesterday; but I don’t have a choice. Do I let it bother me? NO. I am capbable of doing it, so I do… and I don’t feel like I’m just “surviving.” I don’t go without food or basic bathroom ammenties. I just don’t have a car, cable, etc. And so what? I don’t need a car, cable, etc to survive. I still breath, ambulate, sweat, and bleed without those things.
And $1.50 for coffee? That’s expensive. If you make it at home, it’s pennies on the dollar…
jeretta
I make min wage 7.25 and a few tips wich is less than 10,000 a yr with three children to raise only on this income i do get food asstance I have to to eat. I did go to school and have a license to work where i do and make $300 every 2 weeks . and u just have no life when u work to be in poverty
jeretta
oh yeah and i would rather make it then save it cause i hear save save all the time on talk radio and im in the car just screaming u cant save when u dont have anything to save not even enough to live
Shelley
Agreed.
jeretta
no u can not live on this amount noone can
John Smith
7.25 an hour, without counting your tips, is 290 a week before taxes, no way you bring home only 300 in two weeks. You are doing something wrong, or you are working part time.
Jim
Hey, she said: in addition to her $290 per week she also attends school and has been approved to make up to $300 every two weeks. Or $600 per month. In addition. Either way, it is not a sustainable life for long. Yes, you can work through it and raise those three kids (more power to you) but this lady is the definition of working poor. That’s sad USA.
Greg
Most people at min wage unfortunately don’t get full time. I know from experience
jeretta
who is not paying taxes?????????? or are u saying they are not paying in at the end of thr yr???
jeretta
you are so right i aagree i was trying to say the same thing
manfred1946
Just a few words from across the pond,here in the U.K. we havethe same discussions with roughly the same outcom. our basic national wage is gbp 6.35 which is about 8-9 usd, it is as hard here asit seems to be in the USA, we have two main things that do differ , one good and one bad . petrol(gas) in the UK is now 7gbp, about 10 dollars a gallon. it fluctuates weekly but never seems to go down. and has a great bearing if you have to travel to, or look for work. the good is the National health service, all medicine is free, you may have to pay a charge for your prescription , currently 8gbp , but everything else , operations etc is free, it seems hard for most of us.
Kim
A note on the UK: A number of years back, I was living in Germany and paying health insurance. On a trip to Spain, I had a minor injury. I got it treated at no cost. On a trip to England, I had chest pains and went to a government facility on a non-emergency basis. I was charged for all services rendered 9i don’t remember exactly what they were, but they were mostly just tests). All three countries were EU members at the time. Later, when I was no longer living in an EU country, i had dental discomfort while on a visit to England. I was able to get into the clinic my relatives’ use within a day or two. I was treated and charged less than in Germany or ROK where i had health insurance.
Catherine
When I was in community college, I attended with almost exclusively middle class students who drove while I took the bus. One difficulty I encountered was being in that environment was difficult to try to explain your problems. I was taking a karate class and I could only afford one Gi, which was about 45 dollars. I would take it home and wash it once a week or so, but not everyday. One day the instructor spoke to the whole class about how gross it was to not wash your Gi everyday..but I knew he was thinking/talking about me. That is when I realized my trouble and I felt it was too hard to explain so I didn’t. Most of the other students went home to middle class homes with washers and dryers and could wash their Gi’ everyday. But every-time I washed something it cost 5.00. You can’t hand-wash a GI and have it be dry the next day. It is a huge thick canvas heavy thing. I was the only one there who couldn’t afford not to be “gross”. I was the only one without a cell phone. I had to stay at school all day because the bus took two hours (though I only lived 1/2 hour away by car). I didn’t have any friends at all. I made people uncomfortable. It’s better when I am in my own neighborhood then I am not such a freak.
Thegunjo
Catherine, I’m sure you are a precious person and you should not feel bad or ashamed at all.
John Smith
Took a judo class in college, I don’t think I ever washed that GI thing, you must have been working out a lot harder than me.
Shannon M
Can you expand on your expenses?
Did you and your wife pay for health insurance or did you go without it or did you get covered at a job?
Did you pay rent or did you have a mortgage?
And your income:
Did you both work?
Robbin
Not really. You need to pay social security and FICA. That will reduce your net by about 10%.
Kahlilah
I’m a single Mom of a 2 yr. old. I make 22,000 a yr. & about $6,000 in child support.. When contemplating on whether I should stay with my then boyfriend to go at it alone I looked up the poverty line for 2 living on the East coast & said Ok, I make a couple thousand more than that a year Sure! I can leave him because now that I was pregnant he suddenly stopped being loving much less considerate.. I soon realized that when doing the poverty level numbers for 2 they must’ve went on 2 adults who could easily make sacrifices & in a loving environment your entertainment as well as moral support can come from your adult partner.. But when you have a child with no support system relying on daycare from professional yet complete strangers you won’t even be able to get to work without paying them first!! There aren’t many necesities you can say no to with a who keeps growing & the more they grow the more they need.. as an adult I’ve basically stopped growing my weight & feet have been the same since my teen years so all the sacrificing I do goes straight to my sons needs.. I’d love to have $3000 at the end of the year I will absolutely try harder.. Oh’ & for the people who said that those of low income don’t pay taxes, We may get a tax break but for the past couple of years I’ve used my tax credit to pay bills from the previous year, And that’s without credit card debt for wants.
Sally
You don’t pay taxes. Paying off bills is NOT paying taxes.
Sharon
Hi, I am a 60 year old female that has been looking for work for over 2 years now. I do have an income because my mother died and left me her home. Out of that income comes property taxes and should also have insurance on the which I can not afford. My husband was the money maker and wanted me to be a stay at home mom, but when he left he left me with a run down house that I had to refinance to give him his equity. In the area I live in most of the rentals go for over what I pay for my house-payment so it would not not be advisable to move. I do not qualify for food stamps because I am a home owner. I do not qualify for medical help because I am a home owner. If I sold my house I would have to do a short sale as the value of the house was a lot more 11 years ago when he moved out. I have no working heater or air conditioner. My tenants have just informed me their air is out so if I had any money it would be going into that house. If I sell that house it would not cover what I owe on my mortgage and I would have absolutely no income. But I would still be a home owner and not qualify for any help. I don’t flush my toilets every time to save water. I do not water my lawn. I’m lucky if I have $3 a day for food so that usually consists of oatmeal for breakfast, usually no lunch and maybe a can of tuna on crackers for dinner. Please enlighten me where I can cut any more corners. My father was born in 1907 and I was raised not to waist a penny. We were served milk even if it had soured. We were served cereal even if it weavels in it. My dad would just say consider it free protein. So I am not a picky eater nor do I waist any food. So again please if you have any ideas I would appreciate hearing them.
Sincerely,
Sharon
Daniel
Sew a seed if only $1 dollar into the kingdom of God
Beverly
You seem to honestly want ideas. I’m not judging you for being in the situation you are in, I admire you for cutting back where you can. Here are some ideas, none of them are easy:
1. Try to Create More Income:
A. Get another tenant. “What? I already have tenants.” Sleep on the couch and rent out your bedroom, rent the couch (yes people actually rent couches), clean out the garage and rent it, etc.
B. Create a job.
a) Are you able to walk well? Walk people’s dogs.
b) Do babysitting.
c) Have a neighbor that doesn’t speak English well? Ask them for $20/mo to help them with their paperwork: write a resume, cover letter, fill out an application, apply for welfare, apply for lower electric rate, balance their checkbook, read their prescription information, fill out their immigration application, write a letter to their landlord, read a report card, etc.
d) Teach the neighbor in ‘c’ above to read english, or tutor his kids.
e) Give lessons. Your experience is valuable. Do you know how to cook something, can veggies, make jam, sew, crochet, play piano, etc? Advertise on Craigslist, and NextDoor, put up a notice(s) in the local library, etc. (Ask them to come to your house, so you don’t have to pay for gas.)
f) Do you have a lawnmower? Cut the neighbors’ lawns. Who says a 60 yo woman can’t cut lawns. Better yet, organize a lawn service and pay the neighborhood boys to do it.
C. Get a lawyer and get more alimony from your ex.
D. Make stuff.
a) Keep chickens in your backyard and sell their eggs. No money for supplies? Partner with a local teenager and pay him back from the profits. Watch freecycle for used wood and chicken wire.
b) Plant tomatoes, sell them.
c) Sew something for someone.
d) If your arthritis isn’t too bad, offer custom tailoring.
e) Make a batch of your best cookies, cutting them up for samples. Go to one neighborhood and sign people up for a Monthly Cookie Club. Charge a monthly fee and deliver one dozen (two dozen?) homemade cookies to their door. You might need to have a car for this one. Branch out and do meals.
E. Do you have an attic? Sell storage space. (Investigate adding insurance.)
F. Hold a garage sale. Offer to sell other people’s stuff at your garage sale for a commission. You will need help. Watch out for thieves.
Watch freecycle for good free stuff you can sell. If you don’t have a car, figure out if it’s worth the cost of an Uber.
G. Add Skills. The computer software that processes job applications looks for key words. Turn off the television and Youtube cat videos and take an Online class. There are bunches of free ones out there. You can beef up your resume by improving your skill set and making yourself more sellable. And they are interesting too! A piece of advice: after you finish a class, keep practicing your new skills a little here and there, so you don’t get rusty.
2. Saving Money:
A. Coupons. Did you know you can use more than one coupon at some stores? You’ll have to do some research, but you can get some things cheap.
B. Swap hair cuts. You do your neighbor’s one month, the next month they do yours. Who needs nice looking hair anyway?
C. Barter All that stuff in 1.B. above? Trade it for something. Do you know how to do taxes? Trade doing your neighbor’s taxes for a ride to the grocery store once a week, for three months. Talk your other neighbor into going with you and charge them $2 for the trip. Win win.
Make some bread (or a plate of cookies) and trade it for four cans of tuna. etc.
D. Food
a) Eggs! They are about $0.21 each. Make a frittata for dinner.
b) Soup is cheap when you make it yourself. Watch for sales.
c) Make beans, using dried beans. My mom used to make Boston style beans for church potlucks. They are super cheap and people liked them (no one knew we didn’t have much money). Even after she had gotten a better job and had more money; people still asked her to make her beans.
d) Cook in bulk. I used to have a friend that lived in an apartment building with several single moms. She got angry when she found out how much they were spending on processed food for meals or eating out at fast food places. She took it upon herself to teach them how to cook bulk meals: stews, soups, casseroles, etc. Buy in bulk, make several at once, and then freeze them. The girls were very grateful, and they had fun doing it together.
e) Make hamburger stew. My mom used to make a pot of Hamburger Stew on Sunday and with a couple cans of tomatoes, a can of green beans, carrots, and potatoes, stretch it to Wednesday and sometimes Thursday. We loved it. It was warm and filled our bellies. About once a month when she didn’t have enough for dinner, she would make rice pudding. For us it was a special treat, we didn’t know any better. We thought we were getting dessert for dinner.
3. Other Ideas:
You don’t have little ones, but other moms could swap babysitting. It’s called a babysitting co-op, and is considered ‘entrepreneurial’. You could even put it on your resume.
So those are some thoughts. The main theme is to get creative. There are a lot of ideas you can come up with.
Just don’t give up,
Beverly
Sally
Hi there, I own out right my house, and everything else I have. Because I bought only what I could afford in the fist place. I have also been a single mom for the last 15 years. We can easily live at poverty level for 2, we have in the past, because I do not have a house payment, car payment etc. That is the secret, I guess.
Michael
You are correct and I applaud the get rid of payments orientation. Most house holds would be able to survive if this was practiced. The variable is: is it a loss of job, or an injury that cannot be recovered from, to addiction, onto the best for last divorce. There are so many reasons why, just no answers to end the problem.
Michael
I was struck by lightning in 1998 and it did a lot of damage. I only have two benefits: 1. SSDI because I am not hire-able without being a liability due to medications and I take falls. This after health insurance is $690 a month. 2. I do receive food benefits or my children would starve during my visitations. If we were to just count me that puts me at -$3210 on the line, adding my girls puts me at -$11,250 of the poverty line. It is time America realize our streets are not paved with gold and even in the nicest of communities people with their children are living starving and homeless.
redwoods
Interesting article, and interesting comments too, from everyone.
I think this article is more about voluntary frugality; that is, those who choose to live a simple, frugal life. It’s a lot easier to live with little money and still enjoy the quality of life if one does it as a choice, instead of a necessity.
Some people can derive a lot of pleasure from choosing to live at the poverty level and save/invest the rest of their income. But for someone who has to live at the poverty level, it’s much harder.
BTW, I was curious about the poverty level in the US for 2014, and my search led me to this site. Thanks for your article!
James
I am confused, our expenses have nothing to do with the poverty level. The poverty level is the set of guidelines for a person to meet a specific standard as defined by the Census Bureau as the level require to sustain that standard. You are under the poverty level if you earn less than that much per year.
http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/about/overview/measure.html
Regardless of your expenses as long as your combined income is more than that defined for your level (in the case of 2 people $15,730/year) you are not in poverty. Both people working an earning $7.25 an hour have to only work a combined total of 41.7 hours a week total to be at the poverty line (That is just 21 hours for each to work to meet the minimum per week at the base of $7.25). If you spend more than you make, you are not below the poverty line. Most people interpret poverty as their income deficit which has nothing to do with being able to meet the minimum standards as defined to be at poverty.
For each person after the first you add just over $4000 becuase things like housing cost are figured into the first persons as each person takes advantage of it, thus they have less need. So the trick to get above the poverty line is to have more people in the house who don’t work (thus the impact of kids, even though child support in most states only figure about $1500 to cover a childs monthly expense, what gives there is odd as I rarely spend more than $200-500 average per month per child to care for their needs including clothing, and food and that tells me the Census values are suspect to begin with).
The reality is a family of 4 which is the average listed needs to earn $23,850 to be at the poverty line. At $7.25 an hour with both parents working, they only need to work 63.26 hours per week to meet that minimum to get about the poverty line. That is 32 hours a week per person. The reason many people are below the poverty line is not because they cannot get above it at minimum wage, they choose that both parents will not work and the one cannot get enough overtime to reach the level (16 hours extra in a job that pays 1.5 on overtime). And those numbers are based on opportunity which is why Alaska and Hawaii have different values.
Another factor for some folks being counted below the poverty line is tips wages, they are paid a $2.13/hour base wage and there are a lot of people who work in tipped professions who don’t report their tips accurately. So another loophole for being under the poverty level and not actually being so if they could properly capture the amounts.
Another point is that people on welfare do not have their welfare bennefits included in their income and it is not used in factoring if they are under the poverty line or not. I am sorry but this is an income mount that offsets their out go and thus IMHO should be used to factor if a person is or is not under the line. A huge amount of the percentage would not be if that was included.
Reality as most people are not in poverty, they just feel that way becuase they over extend themselves for wants and not needs. Even a stay at home mom is a want and not a need to the calculation. Additionally once the child is in school those parents can get part-time jobs to meet and even exceed being under the poverty line.
To me, more data needs to be evaluated and that the poverty line to correctly capture who is truly suffering in this country.
Kt
Thank you!!!
Jim
That is the minimum needed to sustain. But how long could your family of four do it? What if a parent or both get sick? Child needs to go to the doctor? No books in that house…That’s also after taxes not before. It’s not
Kit
This is a crock. You cannot pay all your bills, eat healthy, or do co-pays for prescriptions at this level.
Chris Smith
Yeah the poverty level a joke. What if your in my situation. Your wife works. But her work is 20 miles away. She makes 26k a year. And that might sound a lot to a lot of people. But she works past the buses running so she needs a car. And she got a car payment of 350 a month plus insurance of 100 a month. And u got food of 250 a month and a phone around 60 a month and rent 555 a month and 90 electric. And washing clothes is 60 a month. And gas is 160 a month. And she needs Tylenol. Plus toilet paper 20 a month. And items like laundry soap and shampoo and cleaning bathroom 40 a month. And I been off work 10 months and been getting disability check. So we making it for now. And my cobra health plan is 890 a month. But in two months it goes to 1600 a month for cobra after a year on disability from work. And I applied for ssdi. Because I can’t work right now. Because of my severe ibs and gastropresis. And severe ocd and severe anxiety and depression. And if I am not able to make it back to work in there time frame. Got no medical. And I need pills for anxiety and ocd and depression. To have a shot at getting back to work. And pills for gastropresis. And right now they can’t find a medication that works good enough for my ocd anxiety and depression. To get me back to work. I have pains all day long in my abdominal are. Because of these conditions. No medical I couldn’t go to doctor to get pills. And would have more pains. Need medical to prove to ssdi I can’t work. If they don’t find a pill that works for me. So when they consider poverty. I guess they expect everyone not need pills and go to doctor. And that the biggest problem in America is healthcare. And america got more advertisement for pills than any other country. To drive up medication cost. So I think government should help Americans depending on there situation. And health care the biggest part of help. Instead of taking care of the illegals. Take care of the american people first.
Lawrence
I am 50 years old.
So not young nor am I old.
The poverty levels I see represented here are misleading as to true poverty.
A person in true poverty usually does not own their own home. An if they have a vehicle usually it is between 10 to 20 years old either bought from a private person or from some dealership who does not particularly care about your credit rating and will let you pay 125 a month over 3 years to pay for it.
I live on roughly 1644 a month this is combined disability and foodstamps.
my rent is 545 a month for 1 bedroom 900 square foot house
I have cable/ internet and phone at about 200 a month
electricity about 150 a month
Natural gas 20 a month
Car payment of 225 a month
and insurance for auto 65 a month
payment for a bed of 104 a month
So that is just about 1309 a month for a family of 3 before food costs and basic necessities like clothing, shoes, medical costs or anything else.
Could I cut out some expenses?
sure could give the automobile back and not pay 225 a month for that and so that would cut out auto insurance
that would same me 290 a month.
I could send the bed back that would be another 104 save.
So now we up to 394 saved.
I could cut out our cable/ phone and internet and that would save another 200 a month.
So that’s 490 I could cut out.
But when we get down to the nitty gritty is it reasonable?
Not it is not reasonable.
Because the reality is for everyone I cut out I cut a need or I cut an opportunity.
I cut cable that cuts phone/ internet and those are both work opportunities and ability to be available for work.
I cut out car payment. I got no way to work. Last job I had to travel 50 miles each way.
So we need to define what is truly poverty.
under 25 thousand a year is poverty for a family of 3 not this BS number of 19,790. If you based your numbers off of gross income. This how the government bases all it’s numbers is off gross income before taxes or any deductions.
I we broke it down to net income and not gross net income. The poverty number becomes a lot higher.
For those saying those at or below poverty do not pay taxes. I am truly sorry for your lack of education. For all who are working do have taxes ( FICA, SSI ) Deducted out of every paycheck. The government retains and draws interest off that money. We file returns and based on the current ratios get back our money. When you are at poverty that tax return money goes to paying off bills or back child support and you may get lucky if everything went exceptional well and you had not debt to pay off. You can take a weekend and go out with the family and have a little money left to tuck away for the next unexpected bill to come along or medical expense the Medicaid in my case ( Molina ) will not pay for or decide due to your age you do not need to have.
So when we discuss we need to discuss true poverty and living with real poverty. WE need to include the actual basics of rent or purchasing a home in the very real every day costs. If you own a home your over all costs per month are cheaper than my rent and that is taking into account maintenance and property taxes. Their average are about is usually 60% less than those who are paying rent. when all said and done the average home owner paying water/ garbage and sewer and a percentage of property taxes average in cost about 451 or a bit less per month combined. In my state most would be closer to about 325 a month. Which is far less than even the average rent on a studio apartment.
lisa
I think your calculations are a bit askew.
The FPL is gross income. NOT expenditures.
Take taxes/medical insurance out of the FPL and that’s what they have left over to spend on life expenses.
I’m sure the numbers in the chart would be MUCH lower after calculating the above.That’s why I feel the AGI is more accurate as it takes into acct medical ins/taxes paid out.
Comparing your expenses to the FPL is not comparing apples to apples.
Janice
So what is the number (salary) when you see 400% below poverty level?
Janice
For one person,please see my above question
Maureen
Julie, In would love to live in New York City, even Queens, but how does one find a “rent-controlled” apartment?
Katherine
Well said…living in a one horse town is cheaper than living in a metropolitan city. I live in Los Angeles. The cost of living is higher.
Living
I’ve read a vast majority of all of these comments.
I grew up in the upper middle class (I am aged 31 now.) Both of my parents were successful. We lived in a house that they paid off and we always had running vehicles. We never went without.
I am disabled. I receive disability and food stamps along with Medicare/Medicaid. I am engaged. My fiance works full time and our income (combined my SSDI, foodstamps and his earnings) we net less than $20,000 a year. He is not insured as we can not afford it. The insurance I get is not great, I’m not complaining too much because I am not paying for it.
We have one car that we own, we rent our home. We both have cell phones (his is a smart, mine is not. Neither are government phones.)
Our rent is $600 plus utilities that vary greatly. We have internet, no tv service.
We try and save money, but our savings have been drained due to normal life things happening. His car was totaled in an accident and we were able to get another from the insurance money and I had saved up enough to buy another after mine blew up, but I ended up selling it because it was breaking down. Our current car needs repairs that we can not afford right now. I estimate our car will die within six months. Despite having Medicare/Medicaid, I still have medical bills because they won’t cover many things. On top of that my fiance has to take off work to bring me to appointments occasionally and I get very sick often. Its come down to him almost losing his job because for a couple of months I was extremely sick and his job threatened him because he missed a bit of work.
We don’t eat great, but it’s not bad either.
We live above the poverty income, but we are still very much in poverty. We aren’t miserable, but we aren’t happy either.
The house we rent is essentially a studio, in a poor neighborhood. I had to rent a PO box because our mail was getting stolen and people have tried to break into our house. Earlier this year some one syphoned the gas out of our gas tank.
We are one disaster away from being homeless. Our car breaks down before we save enough, he loses his job. I get sick and he takes off of work, he loses his job. He gets sick, he loses his job. I’ve tried working but no employer is willing to work with me. Now that we are down to one car, me having a job would be impossible because no employer wants me because I can only work around my fiance’s schedule. There is no public transportation in the town I live, and I live outside of city limits because we can not afford the rent in town.
Living at the poverty line is possible, but it’s not living it’s surviving. The stress is killing us. We sit and ponder ways to cut back on everything. We don’t go out often because that uses gas and costs money. I’ve tried to cut back our cell phone bills as much as possible, when our contract is up we are going to prepaid because it will save us $30 a month. We worry and wonder what we will do if something catastrophic happens.
This article and many comments talk about saving money. Its hard to save money when you have none to save. We have $45 in our savings account right now.
Cinda
I find this article and comments very interesting. It seems to me that IF your monthly healthcare expenses are manageable the rest of it is about choice. Where you choose to live, where you choose to shop, what you choose to need in life to make you happy. I have known a family with 10 kids and a $50,000 a year income very happy, with savings and their own home. I have also heard of a Dr. (On Dave Ramsey’s radio show) making $250,000 a year, with a wife and 4 kids, ready to file bankruptcy and clueless as to how to cut his budget. I think most of us would find the Doctor’s income extravagant. My point isn’t to condemn the Dr, but to point out that these 2 families have made very different choices. At the end of the day, most excuses are just an unwillingness to make different choices. We don’t want to move to a less expensive community, drive a cheaper car, or give up whatever. I also think that’s ok as long as we are taking care of ourselves (with or without legitimate government assistance.) The secret seems to be in our attitude.
nuphilagal
I live 9k below the poverty line for 2 people. We suffer greatly at times and cant afford healthy food. If my vehicle of 14 yrs breaks or something were to happen i wont be able to replace it. I manage my low monthly budget disability income and it’s not too bad. It’s the emergency situations or other unpredictable needs that pose trouble. of course there is no funds for habitual products, movies, vacations or trips, no entertainment at all. its pretty depressing even free things to do cost money in gas which is very limited in the budget. I utilize food banks etc… its very hard and takes real discipline.
Vladim
My. People…you should be more grateful. For you surely have “quite low rent or rent payments in quote expensive cities like Austin or Denver.”
I live on a yearly total income of 11,000. I live in the 2nd most expensive rental pricing and 2-3% Vacancy rates which have not changed since. 2011. I live in The East Hollywood community of Los Angeles-a neighborhood which is in much transition and where Caucasians are now targets of seemingly justified racial hate crimes and damages because they “I” am gentrifying THEIR Neighboehoods. Well it is no more there neighborhood then it was 30 years ago when it was Russian and ukrainians and Armenians in this area before it became Rundown and became a mostly Hispanic neighborhood but prior to that it was never ‘s Latino neighborhood Only” I’m eastern european …my grandparents came here legally thru Ellis and the NYC Ports. So I despise when they see youngish blue eyed Caucasian*(it’s Caucasian not White) btw. And think I have more money than them. Screw that. The one thing I learned is that discrimination here in Los Angeles is primitive permitted against the Caucasian people but it’s so so unlawful end absolutely demonized if anyone were to criticize a quote racial minority which by the way I am a minority in my apartment complex seeing as I am the only Caucasian person in a 70 unit building. I choose to live here because I can’t afford it because I am lucky enough to have section 8 cover part of my housing however with people that have limited education income from farming backgrounds or rural ethic back countries it’s just natural for me to want to be around more of people who are educated and know what manners and not wishing they could see you suffer rather than be excited for you when you get something new that you work hard for and I was told this by a neighbor who is Hispanic and that they have a major Envy complex and they may say something nice but in their hearts they wish the person I’ll. O thought that was so sadly Repulsive!! But yes it’s been a good place for three yrs, but, never ECER THINKING I’d say this – LA has changed me realizing everyone is prejudice to a degree and I’ve be one so more now as i say… Yes it would be nice to see other WHITE — I mean CAUCASIAN PEOPLE Around. Im a minority being a gay male esp in this machismo latin area. But let’s face it — 10 -13 years ago Los Angeles was only able to have a few were people would feel safe and could actually live Safeway butt it’s always the games and eventually The Young white yuppie couples who want that cute house the gay guy’s had the balls to move into when it was still a crime.drug.gang infested neighborhood. L.A. has changed SO INTENSELY ONLY for the better – so why do the Latinos want to keep it unsafe and crime drug murder rate city it was just a decade ago??? No thx. Thank the gays they’re Always ALWAYS the first ones in to come fix up neighborhoods where the great LAPD – ugh wont even go in. Thats right.
Some Person
I make less than 50% of the poverty line. I get by, I do feel kind of poor since I can not always afford food.
David
The only way things are going to change, is people have to unite, and make a stand together. United we stand, divided we fall. The rich are laughing at all of us. The reason it is this way, is no one has come forward to unite a real movement, and make the rich take notice. A handful of people who want a change, will never make a change, unless we are united, and show them we are serious. A new political party, that represents all of us, and we vote them into office is what it is going to take. We all are responsible for what is happening. Otherwise they will continue to use us, make us pay entirely too much, and abuse their power in government, that by the way, is our fault, for not voting for the right people who can make a difference. I do believe that some people do go into politics trying to make a change, and are bombarded with corruption that entices them with a better life for themselves, and then forget about the rest of us. The greatest evil that exists is a good person standing by while knowingly doing nothing to change it.
Anon
“As an affluent person, can you live comfortably on $____” is a good question to talk about and thinking about ways to simplify our lives and combat consumerism is a positive. But the fact remains that you still have financial security.
Poverty isn’t about ‘spending less,’ it’s about living paycheck-to-paycheck working an awful job with no benefits and absolutely no safety net. If you catch the flu and you don’t have health insurance or paid sick days? You have to wait for it to pass (which can take a long time without medicine and can become life-threatening) which means you miss work for a week and you have to decide between making rent and getting enough to eat.
Or if you are in a car accident and get hurt? You can’t afford to go to the ER, you can’t afford the car repairs. What if your job involves manual labor which you can no longer do? What if you are left permanently disabled and SSI benefits take 6-8 months to be processed and approved?
Finding ways to live on less: awesome.
Knowing that you are one hiccup away from you and your loved ones being homeless: terrifying.
Poverty is not about ‘spending less.’
C
Thanks for hitting the nail on the head!
Nicholas
I have lived my entire life below the PL making a little less than 11K a year between mom and myself. House burned down March 20th and just last week i got Tonsillitis (For the first time) as well to dump on a crappy year. No insurance for a tonsillectomy which is actually pretty expensive when i looked it up. Like about 6 thousand more Dollars than i can afford. I live in a half burned down house (It took our living and dining room) which was cold from the start, foundation was falling on the back side of the house its great. All i got for you rich people is:
You’ll never feel more alive then when you can’t afford to live.
Cathryn
I could not agree more, but all you Richie rich types are in for a shock. As a 48 yr old woman with 4 debilitating diseases, I try to exist on 1000.00 a month. Of course 1 co pay on one medication is 1400.00 a month after Medicare. 5 yr wait for “affordable housing ” and 14food stamps, but never fear Trump is taking away food stamps. Affordable housing, disability payments phased out. Soon you will be able to even probably hunt disabled people as a sport.
Lisa
At least you get that a month. Try doing that if you were put on that quarterly.
D0O0O
Someone Said It Starts Getting Difficult/Hard At $4,000 Above The Federal U.S. Poverty Guideline. I Can Tell You At $2,000 To $4,000 Below That Poverty Guideline & Living In A 71 Cost Of Living Index (29 Below The U.S. Average) Surviving Is Very Difficult.
MiWi
I agree with you, Phil. The figures are WAY low with the heightened expenses these days. I am single and only live on $750.00 extra a MONTH. That is after all of my bills are paid….not much huh?? It is difficult sometimes when anything extra comes up ie. medication for illness / Dr. bills (20% of fees). I want VERY bad to contact the owner of this firm and say ‘can you live on this small amount monthly & why are we not getting salary increases’ but I am sure the answers would be – ‘like it or leave it’ basically.
Somebody Else
I am rated at 90% Service-Connected Disability from the military and I raise my 6-member family on my disability alone which comes to about $26K per year. I can’t work a “normal” job due to my particular issues from my time in the military. I was living in California and unable to afford to live at all but I moved to somewhere far cheaper to live (very small town in the middle of nowhere) where I was able to buy a sufficient house for my family for $52K and have been able to scrape enough together to own and operate a small store and a food truck in my town (neither of which have been able to actually turn a profit yet or put a penny in my pocket). I don’t have much, but I am grateful for what I have and I’m fighting to make things better. If you’re below the poverty line, it may not be possible to live wherever you want and make it work out, but if you’re willing to work hard, take some calculated risks, and make some personal sacrifices, there certainly is a way forward. Oh, and as if I wasn’t already busy enough, my wife and I homeschool our kids too. I think that helping run our fledgling businesses is a great education for our kids to be getting.
Handone
I also can’t see how these people think they can live at poverty level, where are they living at for so cheap.I live in N. Idaho, (right to work state) which that alone should be outlawed. Rent/Mortgage, Electric, water, garbage, (880.00), Insurance, (House, life, Medical, Auto, & Pet). 450.00. Now, (Phone, Internet, Food, & gas/oil), 450.00. These are all essential, at least I have to have. there is no entertainment no presents for family/grandchildren or clothes & any cost for up keep & repairs. the total 1,780.00. You can easily add 200.00 more for the things not listed including TV, I forgot above for I gave it up. I get 825.00 SSDI & 60.00 food stamps, total 885.00. As far as Pet Ins. I am blind, live alone & live on 60.00 a month food. Try that one. Internet lowers cost, with freebies, coupons, surveys etc., but by very little. I have gave up Life Ins,up keep & repairs, gas/oil for I don’t drive, have to find a ride from neighbors or sister, for family lives in different area. So a 1 person,household, poverty level is 12,140.00 or approx 1012.00 per month. After rent & utilities you have , a 132.00 left to pay for the rest. A bit short, wouldn’t you say.? Where do they get, you can live on 1,012.00 per month??
Heidi
I became ill at age 18. Very sick. I am now 47 going on 48 and have Sjogrens, Lupus, Common Variable Immune Deficiency and thyroid cancer. For years my mother helped me out. She passed away last fall and my family does not believe in any of my illnesses. They are toxic people and I have nothing to do with them. I can’t say I am living in poverty currently, but I will be. It is beyond weird how to navigate through the waters of future poverty. The only reason I am not currently living in poverty is because I was left an inheritance. I have been on SSDI since age 24. My rent is $1200, almost as much as my SSDI. Rent goes up year after year in an urban location. I hate it here. Gross urban. It’s so expensive for what? I stay here because medicare is taken by all doctors in my location. I have contemplated moving down south, but Medicare is not taken everywhere and I would miss my best friend who is the only real lifeline who gets me by. I also had/have a part time job that helps me out. Like I said, without my inheritance, I would live on $1200 a month, but then medical is $300 for a Medigap and then prescription coverage is $66 and that does not include my brand name medications that are over $100. The “STRESS” of the situation and the worry of it makes me sick. I mean, it makes my illness so much worse. There is no joy in my life. I am young and most of my family has died. 3 immediate family members have died of cancer. I constantly pray that I will die soon so I can avoid poverty. I am alone, no family and no spouse. I need to say, before I was sick, I was in high school. I was voted most likely to succeed. I was a varsity tennis player, a class officer and an A student. I had scholarships to college and went to college. I never finished due to becoming ill. I have an associates degree. If you saw me, you would think, “What a beautiful girl.” I do not look sick. I am so sick. I spent last summer in a wheelchair due to peripheral neuropathy. The depression from illness and the worry of finances has caused both my therapist and doctor to get me on antidepressants as of today. I am so unhappy. Like many on here, I grew up upper middle class. My parents had money and we wanted for nothing. They were frugal people, too. I have shopped consignment stores for years because of my parents teaching me to do so.. I have never had a silver spoon in my mouth. What is my point? It’s one thing to live in poverty if you are well. You can do it. Sure. Try being sick. You can’t afford the very things you need to get better. That is disgusting. My medical when I really add it up, is just as much as my social security checks. The whole thing is one big joke. It’s a joke. This country, the United States needs to help out the sick. People who have health issues should not have to pay for medication. Our medication should be free. My antidepressant is $117 a month. My Plaquenil (is name brand because I am allergic to the generic) is $137. I mean, seriously? I have Celiac disease which means I am gluten free. Expensive food only. I cancelled cable today. To be honest, I am too depressed to watch TV. I used to be full of life. I had this will to live. I don’t care anymore. When you are sick, in pain and will be broke, you really don’t give a shit anymore. Plus, you have friends that just desert you because you are sick, broke, depressed, whatever. It’s an awful situation. People look down at you and especially because I grew up with money so people are shocked that I am not “doing well.” Having said that, I know it could be worse and will be. The United States is the richest county in the nation and yet there are so many poor people. And why if you are well would you ever want to live not making money and saving and how much can you actually save on such little income G.E Miller? What are you putting away? I guess in your 20’s you can do this, but not for long, or most importantly why would you want to? If I was well, I would be that girl that was voted most likely to succeed. I would be making money and saving it and yes, living the American dream. Nothing fancy, but just a nicer life and less worry. I wouldn’t be squandering $20-$100 a month. I would actually be putting real money away because I would be really working like a responsible human being. The thing I want to say to the writer is don’t be thrilled with yourself for only working part time or whatever it is you are doing and making little income. I am not impressed. Someone who is well, or two people who are well, go get two jobs and make some money because things are not always going to be like this. You will fall on hard times and think, why wasn’t I more responsible and working? Even if it’s $40,000 a year between two people, do it. I’d give anything to work and be making money. I am not impressed with people who are impressed that they live in poverty or near it and like it. You only like it now because you are well. You can’t be sick and liking poverty and poverty will eventually suck because something “will” go wrong. You’ll find out soon enough.
John
Very interesting post.
I am retired and single, lived and worked in Austin. When I retied I moved to San Antonio and paid cash for a small house. Paid cash for a Toyota pickup. Bought a small pop up trailer.
Income is about 2100/mo.
My bills are exactly this:
1. I was disabled when I bought this place and froze my taxes. Now I pay 128/mo. taxes. That was 12 years ago.
2. No home owners insurance, I self insure.
3. Car insurance 42 dollars a month.
4. Good internet connection 53 dollars a month.
5. No cable, Although i am thinking of changing that. Not sure.
6. Elect and trash pickup, about 125/mo. average
7. Water 40 average, I like a nice yard.
6. I do all my own truck maintenance so far. So in 12 years I averaged around 600 dollars. I use synthetic oil and change it every 15-20k Miles. So about 50/mo.
7. Love tinkering with my home when I am here, about 300/mo. tinkering expense.
8. 200/mo. gas.
9. Insurance 200/mo.
10. Phone 20/mo. I dropped internet and only use it as a phone and texting. T-mobile. Also I buy an unlocked phone and pay cash for it.
11. Food for me and my dogs, 150/mo. That is a good healthy vegetarian diet. So expensive but worth it for me.
12. That leaves about 500/mo. for what ever.
Grand total is 2050/mo.
I was an A/C tech. before I went back to college and moved to Austin at 35. I always loved mechanic work and have the tools to work on my home. I also love to work on my truck and keep it in mint condition.
I have tracked that for years with out a hick-up. Also I have put aside enough for a new car if I need one. Without touching my savings. But, I love my old Toyota. So?
I love travel and spend about 6-8 months a year in third world countries exploring and traveling cheap. When I travel I turn in my internet modem, shut off my phone, and let a friend come and live here when they want. As well as letting the neighbors park in my drive way.
I have been doing this for 9 years now. And have more money in my account than when I retired, so no negative cash flo so far. Although this will change in the future. I will start paying my self a few hundred dollars extra each month to spend down savings.
A few things I have learned is, planning is the key,
Also after traveling for the last few years I am thinking of selling my home in America and retiring overseas. There are some wonderful places to retire cheap and wonderful people.
If my health would not have gone south on me I would be in much better shape. But, if you are working make sure you put aside a few bucks no matter how hard it is. It saved me from a world of abstract poverty. And 2100 is a real stretch for me.
All the best
john
I ment 150/wk for food not 150/mo.. But, I included that in my monthly expenses. So typo.
Charles Cornell
I admit that I did not read every post. I came across this site while looking for something else. But so many do not come close to understanding the poverty level. A single adult income of less than $800 a month. Is impossible to live on. If you think $2 a meal is possible, look at it this way. That is $180 a month. This leaves $620. The national average for an efficiency apartment (that means no bedroom) is $600 a month. $20 for other things, like getting to work. I hope I can get there to earn my $800. OK, there are government assistance programs. I have only a very limited knowledge of what is available. As an aside, there is something with the Social Security program that makes me so mad. Why is it that anyone that earns over $180 thousand a year does not have to pay into the system.
Charles
Sorry, that should be $129 thousand ceiling for paying into Social Security.
Charles Cornell
Sorry. There is a $129 thousand ceiling to have to pay into the program.
Charles Cornell
Let me try this one more time. They say the third time is the charm. After someone earns over $128,700 they no longer have to pay the 6.2% tax or any tax that goes into the Social Security program. So the cost of social security is paid for by lower income people and their employers. So the people that need the benefit the most are funding the system.
anon
this leaves out rent, which is a huge expense for most poor people, and often is NOT WITHIN THEIR CONTROL. if you are poor there are often many reasons that you cannot move somewhere cheaper. this is especially true if you live somewhere with high cost of living or you have kids. it seems bizarre to talk about whether your expenses (WITHOUT RENT) are below the poverty line. meaningless and kind of offensive really.
try allocating 10,000 a year of that amount to rent, and see if you can still cover your expenses. this was such a bizarre and out of touch post. ugh.
Expat1
I am living in an “expensive” modern city in a developing country working full-time and earning about $10,000 a year. Since I work a lot, I don’t have many expenses: occasional doctor visits (usually under $10 each), health club ($40/month), rare massage ($15/hr.), food (about $10-$120 per month), toiletries, shoe repair, clothes, sewing items (about $5/month?), batteries about $2/month, transportation (bus fare about 20 cents? per ride) $1.00?/month. I don’t have to pay rent etc., which would be about $150-$300/month, presents and postage in local currency cost about $75/year, local holidays and vacations run about $100/yr. I have no telephone, television, or car.
In addition, I get social security of about $1100/month, from which I pay life insurance ($540/yr.), , Medicare ($120?/month), presents ($2000/yr.), vacations ($100-$500/yr.), medications and supplements ($15?/yr.), transportation in U.S. ($20-$100/yr.), education and professional expenses (~$2000/yr.). I get free medical care.
I do not feel financially strained at all, but when i am in the States on my annual vacation, I am struck by the way things are now, with some prices (especially for services) terribly high, others (e.g., for some consumer goods) lower than they are where I am living, but also by the “expectations” that ads build. Medications are one of the shocking areas. A few of years ago, I had an eye irritation and went to a doctor. He diagnosed it and said it would probably go away by itself if i waited long enough (I think it was about a week), but he wrote me a prescription so I could have the healing sped up. I went to a drugstore and was told the cost would be something like “one fifty.” I naively thought it was $1.50, since these simple generic eye-drops “obviously” would cost more than a few dollars. When I was corrected and told that the cost was $150, I demurred. Two or three days later, the irritation was all gone thanks to Mother Nature.
Expat1
Food should be $110-$120 (not $10-$120.
Some Dude
I am likely in the wrong place. The distribution of wealth in the USA and worldwide is extremely out of balance. There is an abundance of resources, know how, and energy.
I did not find, perhaps I missed it, the 20 to 30 percent of income going to investments to build ‘net worth’.
I do not like to bring up issues without offering possible solutions. This is an exception. A solution is beyond my skill and knowledge.
I’m not seeking utopia, how about shelter and food for everyone?
(Even the lazy and ungrateful)
In the next 6 years 32% of the work is going to shift, with 20% not being reabsorbed by other opportunities. (Yearly the loses will be 2% to 4% to 8% to 16% to 32%).
Sure we can pitch a tent and eat beans, while the few mega-cheaters control 70% of everything.
I am very grateful to have the freedom to type this comment.
fly ahead
Since you talk about paying property taxes and you do not mention rent or a mortgage. I am assuming you own you own home. Have you ever researched or looked at figures on housing and how much individuals pay in rent? Rent should never be more than 30% of your income which when you break down your 19,560 which is the amount you say you are going off of after you cash back credit card and property taxes. So you would figure amount for rent or a mortgage would be $489.00. In Wisconsin you cannot even find an efficiency for that. If you do you are going to be living with unwanted visitors (bedbugs, roaches) or sharing kitchens or bathrooms is not both with complete strangers. This is not including your utilities, car insurance or health insurance. There are ways to live in a budget like that. You have a better chance if you have no expenses, no children. Google can you live on minimum wage or go to National Coalition of Homelessness. It breaks down state to state and county even city or town what a family needs to make in order to just pull ahead. What is really scary is people are not planning for a rainy day. In rural America there is very little is any public transportation. I am glad that you and your wife make on little. I also hope you never have unexpected expenses.
Beverly
The way you phrased this is misleading. There is a maximum/cap on the amount of income that is taxed. For 2018 it was $128,400. For 2019 it will be $132,900. It does not mean that if you make over that amount you do not pay any Social Security tax.
Sometimes four times is the charm.
David
Living below the National Poverty Level for a retired couple of two is Wonderful! Its not possible to pay all the medical bills, buy food,keep gas in the car and have it insured and still keep a roof over out heads! The State allows me to have $15. per moth food stamps
because they say we make too much money..but we still live 138% under the national poverty level..and there is no other help in site..! I guess uncle sam just expects us to just up and die
Join 10,000+ Members
Get new articles, by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
Popular Posts
Money Saving Products I Personally Use
The Best and Cheapest Tax Software: Top Tax Prep Comparison for 2021
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
FOLLOW 20SF ON:
LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:
SEARCH THE SITE:
Search
20somethingfinance.comCopyright © 2021.
This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.
Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
We value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared. | msmarco_doc_00_16721120 | ||
http://20somethingfinance.com/why-eyeglasses-are-so-expensive-how-you-can-pay-less/ | Why Eyeglasses are so Expensive & How to Pay Less
How eyeglass manufacturer Luxottica dominates the market & why eyeglass prices are so high. Tips on how to buy glasses for cheap low costs.
Menu
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Home
About
About
Contact
Categories
Investing
Banks
CDs
Dividends
ETFs
Finance Guru Commentary
Index Funds
Inflation
Market Terminology
Mutual Funds
Stocks
Wall Street News
Lifestyle Finance
Biking
Donating
Eco-Friendly Savings
Food & Drink
Gift Giving
Lifehack & GTD
Personal Motivation
Technology
Travel
Retire
401K
Early Retirement
IRAs
Personal Finance Planning
Retirement Planning
Roth 401K
Roth IRA
Save
Appliances
Budgeting
Frugality
Save Money
Summer of Saving
Protect
Auto Insurance
Emergency Savings
Health Insurance
Identity Theft
Life Insurance
Career
Finding a Job
Student Finances
Unemployment
Workplace Finance
Credit
Credit
Credit Cards
Debt Management
Health
FSAs
Health Insurance
HSAs
Home
DIY
Home Buying
Home Ownership
Home Selling
Mortgages
Transportation
Auto Insurance
Auto Ownership
Biking
Taxes
Best of
Reviews
Archives
Money Saving Products I Use
Search
Why Eyeglasses are so Expensive & How to Pay Less
Last updated: January 13, 2021 G.E. Miller100 Comments
Ever wonder why eyeglasses are so expensive?
60 Minutes had a really interesting pieceon the Italian eyeglass manufacturer Luxotticathat helps explain why.
Luxottica now manufactures just about every major designer eyeglass brand in the market – Gucci, Prada, Ray Ban, Oakley, Michael Kors, Armani, Tiffany & Co, Polo, Ralph Lauren, Versace, Chanel, Chaps, Paul Smith, Vogue, etc., etc…
Not only that, but they also own or run the retail channels – Lenscrafters, Pearle Vision, Sears Optical, Target Optical, Spectacle Hut, Sunglass Hut, and Oliver Peoples. All but a few brands sold at these retailers are made by Luxottica.
AND they even control some of the payment channel by owning the second largest vision insurer, Eyemed.
So not only do they manufacturer a large majority of the glasses (their CEO estimated that at least half a billion people own a pair they manufactured) – but they also set the prices. If you’re an optician or retailer, you want their brands. If you’re a brand, you want to be in their stores. You have no negotiating room, and when you do compete, Luxottica refuses to sell your brand at their stores, and then buys you out after your stock sinks, as they did with Oakley.
If you are insured by Eyemed and buy a Luxottica brand from Lenscrafters, for example, Luxottica has made the glasses, sold you the glasses at prices they’ve set, and even paid themselves for part of the glasses through their insurance arm.
I won’t say the “M” word, but they control the market.
So what can you do to avoid paying so much for glasses?
How to Avoid Paying High Prices for Eyeglasses
As consumers, we are willing to pay a lot for eyeglasses. They are functional, they protect our eyes, they grace our beautiful faces, they are a focal point for those who look at us, and some of us are completely disabled without them.
So long as we are willing to pay high prices for glasses, Luxottica and others are going to charge us high prices. Luxottica is banking on us being in the dark on why prices are so high, so we think it’s just the way it is. But we are partially at fault for not being informed, or being informed and not caring.
Should we pay hundreds for a pair of glasses when they cost so little to make?
NO!
And as an informed consumer on the path to financial bliss, HELL NO!!
So what can you do to avoid paying so much for eyeglasses?
Tip #1: Do not buy brand name eyeglasses.
You will pay an exorbitant amount for the name punched on that frame. And since Luxottica owns most of those brands and sets the prices and their profit margins, you pay even more.
I’m sure we’ll here the quality argument in the responses, but name stamped on frame does not equal quality when it comes to glasses. It’s no different than grocery store brand name/generics. I’ve purchased a number of high quality, off-brand eye glasses that have stood the test of time and abuse better than more expensive brand names.
If you’re trying to impress others with that brand stamped on your face, you’re impressing the wrong people for the wrong reasons. And you’re getting price gouged to do so.
Tip #2: Use your HSA or FSA to pay for glasses tax-free.
You can annually contribute pre-tax funds to an HSAor FSAand then use those funds to pay for your glasses. If you’re in the 33% tax bracket, you’ve just saved yourself 33% on your eyeglasses. Congrats! Note: this only applies to prescription glasses.
Tip #3: Buy your glasses online. Stay away from brick and mortar retailers.
You can buy a great pair of prescription glasses online (lens included), for less than $40. Non-prescription glasses are even cheaper. There is enough online price competition going after this informed consumer audience, that prices have stayed low. These guys have carved out their own niche online. They don’t compete for uninformed consumers like Luxottica does.
I’ve covered how to buy glasses onlinepreviously, and in that post I recommend a few low-cost online eyeglass retailers, and you can easily find a quality pair of glasses online for less than $30 (frame + lens). Here are a few of my favorites:
Coastal.com(25% off your first order at this link)
Warby Parker(I like the quality, styling, & everything is made by Warby Parker)
Lensable(a bit different in that they make custom lenses for frames you already own)
Eyeconic($20 off your first order at this link)
Glassesusa.com(sells a number of top brands at steep discounts, often 65% off)
39dollarglasses.com
DiscountContactLenses.comfor those in search of discounted contact lenses
Ultimately, once again, it pays to:
be informed
shop around
act
Eyeglass Cost Chat:
Will this knowledge of Luxottica dominance change your eyeglass purchasing behaviors?
If you’re still pro-brand name, what is the justification?
If you’ve purchased glasses online, what is your favorite online eyeglass retailer and why?
Related Posts
How to Get Cheap Dental Care without Dental Insurance
How to Train & Prepare for your Backpacking Trip
Warning: Avoid Health Care Sharing Ministries & Association Health Plans (AHPs)
100 Comments
HP
After buying online, I will never buy eyeglasses again from the eye doctor/retailer. I had a great experience with Warby Parker.
Ed
I just saw them, thanks for the tip. It’s absolutely ridiculous how Luxottica can get away with this stuff. I thought cornering a market was illegal, and after seeing that show on CBS how Luxottica pushes out competitors, now THAT I know is illegal yet they get away with it. It would be interesting to know how much money Luxottica “donates” to politicians. I was in the eyeglass store yesterday, $300 for frames that looked identical to $5 sunglasses I saw in a newspaper stand.
licensed optician
This whole frenzy about Luxottica is ridiculous. If 60 minutes and the author had done their homework they would have discovered that while Lux is the single largest there are several other frame manufacturers that are almost as large (at least as far as frame manufacturing is concerned). Where they differ is that they don’t have retail outlets, they sell to the eye Dr’s and independent opticians of which I am one. They manufacture a better quality frame and these “retailers” also offer a far better quality lens than you will get either online or at one of the Lux. outlets ( sears, lenscrafters, or target for example.) The quality of the frames usually offered on line is quite frankly crap. I have had several patients try online glasses only to come in and order new glasses after only a month with their online “bargains” and when I deliver their glasses they have actually thrown the online glasses away. In fact I have with their permission taken a couple as examples of what you can expect online.
There is a reason why most states license their opticians. It’s because there is more to eyeglasses than meets the eye. (Like the pun). In most cases the measurements need to be accurate. This becomes more critical when we start wearing bifocals. Make the wrong measurements here and the glasses might just be worthless.
As to the cost most optical shops that I know use the typical 2.5 times markup. This allows for a reasonable profit after all expenses are accounted for including overhead, ins, etc. I seriously doubt that you see your optician or optometrist running around in a mercedes. Your Ophthamologist on the other hand probably does.
Eric Gates
Meh. You seem to gloss over the persistent issue: Why on earth are such easily manufactured, cheap-to-make, etc. frames (and lenses worth 400 dollars or more?
Answer: because people are willing to pay it?
That doesn’t satisfy me. I buy perfectly good glasses for 1/10th the cost at zenni.com or eyebuydirect.com and have been very satisfied with the fit, look, and function of these companies’ products.
You independent folks are going to have to compete one day.
Please bear in mind that billions of dollars are literally wasted each year on overpriced glasses, and that money is finite. Middle class kids are having their educations damaged, eating cheaper food, riding around in less safe cars, and a hundred other little insults because families are over paying for glasses. And it has to stop now.
Concerned for fellow Consumers
A Mercedes Benz has a hefty price tag for the quality of vehicle that it is. Or, even more how about Bugatti – all hand made to ones custom order. Or, you can drive off a lot in a new mediocre car and be proud of it. No difference in the eyecare industry. Prices are what they are for reasons. Ignorance is not justification for belief. Understanding what goes into what’s on your face to assist your vision has complexities. One would trust to an online retailer and call it “fine”? That’s the person who says wearing a seatbelt is more dangerous than not. You have one set of eyes to last a lifetime – and you’d let some invisible entity process glasses and trust they are perfect? Wanna play Revolver Roulette to? I am one of those who did just that. I have a high power and wanted to save a buck – so, I went to an Online Retailer and ordered a pair that I paid $159.00 with a progressive bifocal and what I thought was a quality frame. After being elbowed, my glasses broke on the left side in 2 places and my lens fell out. I took them to my local optician, who, I went to for years, and told me that he was going to charge just to handle online glasses. Anyway, he located a frame the lenses would fit into until I could get a replacement from my online retailer (4.2 weeks, btw). He immediately noticed that the lenses looked wrong and asked my how my vision was. I told him it took about a month to get used to and he replied, “I’m surprised you can see anything at all, the lenses are switched eye for eye. Conversation led to another eye check with the onsite doctor, and now I have to wear prism lenses to get my eyes to “reset” because I wore the wrong power for a little over a year which caused muscle pull and when I wear the correct glasses without prism, I see double images. I thought my glasses were fine from the online retailer, but just as most customers posting on here, i was ignorant and uneducated about the importance of quality materials, service and knowledge – I guess I don’t mind paying a little more, because it could cost you a lot more in the long run when trying to save a buck.
Steven Gibeau
What car brand do you own? What brand of jeans do you wear? What brand of sneakers do you have? The point is this – you became loyal to a brand because of your success with its quality recognition. You pay a little more for those products because they make you either feel good, look good, or both. Otherwise, you could buy a clunker car to save money, go to a thrift shop and buy used clothes and shoes. You most certainly will get what you pay for – why is that thought process so different for glasses? When you first receive a pair of eyewear form Zenni, or whatever online retailer, sure they look good, but what about the usage over time? Were the optics made right? Who is going to back their product longer than 30 days? There are so many different angles with regard to the “hidden costs” that makes $40.00 online valuable to you on the upfront. Would you trust a heart surgeon diagnosing over the internet and prescribing you drugs from the internet – when you don’t know where they are coming from and who regulates it. The point here is this: There is a market for everything. What you want out of your purchase is going to require a cost – only the consumer dan decide what they are willing to spend. Just understand that there can be a bigger cost than just saving a buck.
Eli
And this is why I wear custom hard contacts. I avoid all this nonsense. I buy my backup frames from Warby, Costco, or some other non-Luxottica company. I then have them shipped to the UK where I get HD glass lenses that last for years without a scratch and are super thin. (They won’t give you glass in the U.S. for some reason.)
I used to adore Oliver Peoples, but noticed around 2007/8 that quality took a dip. Low and behold that is about the time they were acquired by Luxottica via Oakley who couldn’t figure out how to get around Luxottica for some reason. Costco offered them a great deal and they balked. Now they regret that decision. Oh well, live and learn.
I enjoy dodging Luxottica. My optician thinks the quality is dreadful, but her owner insists on selling them, so I just get my evaluation done there. They pretty much lost my business otherwise.
Tam
When glasses cost >$300 with good insurance there is a problem. I bought my online and will continue to do so. Tell your crap to my wallet.
Jim lind
I just came from lens rafters the ray Ban frames were only 159 it was the other 900 dollars that could not be explained no way that 900 dollars worth of craftsmanship or any other thing goes into making lenses.
Joel M
I work for the state and I have (as far as I’ve been told) the best insurance available. I go to the eye doctor or lens crafters especially and try to do the math. I’m covered for $200 for frames 85% on lenses 100% on exam and xrays. I pick a frame of good brand $140 frames for me and my daughter on her own share of insurance a 110 pair.. after all is said and done I am asked to pay $545 out of pocket. That’s roughly $1100 or more if you add what my insurance is supposed to cover.. I don’t get where all the costs come from
Smokin Paul
To licensed optician
Sorry we are not buying your crap ie both what you say and the low quality product you claim is high quality. LOL
The glasses I buy online are far superior to anything I can get locally and the cost is a small fraction. As far as bifocals yes you need to be sure the measurements are correct. So what you are saying we are all too stupid to actually understand and make those measurements. Yeah only someone licensed by a government can do it. We all know how well government works. lol :-)
Sorry to burst your bubble but you are way off the mark. Of course when people bypass your services it hurts your bottom line. We feel so sorry for you. :-( Yeah no. :-)
Sam Bren
Couldn’t agree more. Its almost like, well, they’re getting paid to diss all online lower cost optical services. I also understand that we should all practice ‘buyer-be ware’. But guess what, thanks to these customer reviews there are some great on line options. This brick n motor optician lost credibility not pointing this out.
Ray
$400 for a piece of plastic? How gullible do you think the public is?
Allan
Just remember to also measure the distance from the bottom of the glasses frame to where your eyes should be. Too many online stores don’t do this, they just want you to measure the pupillary distance and average the vertical distance. Vertical distance from frame bottom to eye is also important.
Jeremy Sawyer
That is not True! Name them?? !!
Mark
“most optical shops that I know use the typical 2.5 times markup. This allows for a reasonable profit” So you add $150 to the $100 cost, for 10 min. work calling/fax in the prescription to the lab. I call that extreme greed($900/hour) !! And I bet the cleaning people who clean your office, get paid very good(NOT)!
bill
I hoped like hell they would be good. The focal point was too high. I had to raise up the frames to look through the right point. They really were terrible. Maybe I am too fussy. Even the optometrist can get this bit wrong and then you are stuck until you have had enough and try again, When I finally get a good pair, it’s like the world opens up. Only cost me $100 to find out so it was worth it.
Bill
Online glasses are crap. They don’t fit right and their model is based on sending you pairs until they’re not bad enough to make you return them.
Maybe if you are like Smokin Paul and aren’t doing very well financially – still dining on Hot Pockets, ordering tap water at restaurants, and determined to run every business owner out of business out of jealousy (until nobody has a job, like him) – then maybe you are the kind of person to wear ghetto glasses from the internet. Maybe “good enough” is good enough for you and you choose to see your world through internet garbage, injection-molded from China. To each his own.
Luckily for the rest of us there are still people with some dignity and self-respect and the brick-and-mortars can still provide quality eyewear. And Luxottica is a vertical monopoly (for all practical purposes), but you can find lots of much better independent lines that the celebs are wearing.
Smokin Paul
ROTFL you are a very funny guy. :-) Umm hate to burst your bubble, online or brick and mortar are all mostly manufactured in China. High taxes, the EPA, other government laws and bureaucracies have driven business to manufacture outside the country. Those over priced brick and mortar glasses you buy cost no more to manufacture than the ones sold online. However your brick and mortar has little competition and is selling at a massive marked up monopoly prices. They have little incentive to make them better or worry too much about quality. The online sellers are in competition with other online eyeglass businesses. Also to compete with brick and mortar they need a superior product as they can offer no in person support.
With Bill’s long rants I think it’s safe to say his eyeglass business is suffering from real online competition. Yes Bill you are going to tell us your have no part of the business. I already do not believe you.
jane
You must have nothing to compare to, or else you wouldn’t be making the comments you are making. You can’t measure the space between your pupils yourself. This is ridiculous. Also, you must have a very simple prescription, so are easily led to believe you are seeing the best you can in the cheapest of lenses. I have a complicated prescription and the difference between my vision in the quality lenses from an in dependent retailer and lenses from online vendors and lense crafters is remarkable. The 2nd time I got glasses from an online vendor, it turned out they didn’t even match the prescription I was given. They were like the prescription, but were not exact enough to give me clear, strong vision. You are way over the top on this topic in terms of rage and outrage.
Paul
Well well Professor Jane where did you get your degree in anything remotely eye or optical related? No, using your eyes to look at porn on the internet does not count.
Do you even know what pupillary distance is?
Are you aware of this new invention called a camera that can take a photo of a ruler held up to the eyes while the subject looks into the distance? The camera was invented around 1816 so maybe you missed that.
Funny when I had my last exam and asked the Dr what my pupillary distance was she came up with the same measurement I did with a camera and a ruler. Weird I know. I mean someone making a simple measurement, it sounds impossible doesn’t it. Hahaha ROTFL :-)
Oh and anyone reading your post will almost certainly take your word on the quality you got very seriously… NOT! :-) The only thing I am wondering are you a troll or a paid shill?
Oh and the “I have a complicated prescription” is hilarious. We are talking lenses something that has been around since Galileo.
I have gotten BETTER Quality online than at brick and mortar stores for much less. They lasted longer and some I still use even though my “complicated prescription” has changed. But who am I to believe, some nut job on the internet or my Doctor and my lying eyes.?
Jane your post is lacking just one thing, credibility.
JD
Glad you’re happy with yours.. I personally will never buy glasses online again. Prescription way off and frames look cheap and never fit right. I’d much rather pay a few extra bucks, see clearly and feel comfortable.
Paul
Ok your telling us you can’t make a simple purchase and when you do its really really bad. Hahaha So the rest of us are just too stupid to know the difference LOL OMG do you hear the words you type?
My prescriptions were right on according to my Ophthalmologist. I guess my Ophthalmologist is also stupid. If only we listened to you first. LMAO hahaha Yeah NO! the quality is better online and the prescriptions are dead on. Let me say this another way, your full of it!
Leigh-Anna
Warby-Parker is awesome!!! I have not actually purchased glasses from them yet, but I have paid the $1 (I think) to have 5 frames with non-prescription lenses to me, so that I can try them on.
They even have someone text you, to see if you need help finding the right fit! I think you can send them pics or maybe video chat, and tell them what you like and don’t like and they will help you find the perfect frames for your face.
Plus, they are all stylish! And the fact that I get to try on 5 pairs, means I can play with the different shapes, without the pressure of eyeglass doc office people wanting my choice ASAP.
That really helped me b/c I wasn’t sure if I could pull off round frames… had always gone rectangular, square or cat eye, but I did like the round ones and that is what I wear now!
The Truth
You are part of the problem and the reason why legitimate brick and mortar retailers are closing up. Warby Parker is just another cheap Chinese made manufacturer that spent all their money on branding! When you buy or support this crap you and going against your own country! Thank God Trump is going after these companies who are screwing our own economy and flooding our marketplace with this cheaply made junk!
Amanda M
I have made 4 different purchases from Zenni optical, and I recommend them to pretty much everyone I know. I do add the stipulation that you need to know your facial measurments (not just your PD and your prescription) for the best results. As an example, I have a wide face [not a fat head :)] so when I order, I know that my frame width needs to be at least 133 mm, but not over 138 mm, because that would be too wide. There is not a good way to return the glasses while getting any money back unless there was a mistake on their part. I’ve had a few pairs fit weird, but I’ve never had a pair that I couldn’t wear.
I love the tint options for sunglasses (I’ve had 3 pair as my prescription has changed). I get the anti-glare coatings on un-tinted glasses, which range from 4.95-14.95 right now and they work great. My suggestion is to always order more than one pair. At the average price for my glasses, which is $15, the $4.95 shipping rate seems like a lot. Sometimes they’ll discount the shipping based on promotions, but $5 on a $50 order isn’t so bad.
When people compliment my glasses, one of my favorite things to do is mention how much they cost. They are always astounded, and ask where I got them.
barbara
I know this post is old, came up while googling something else. I agree i use zenni optical for my self and my husband. 1/3 cheaper then glasses where I live, and we had ins. Perscription has always been correct.
Mary
Seconded, HP! I LOVE Warby Parker. Amanda M, they’re more expensive than Zenni but they will send you frames for free to try on before you buy. Go to their site, pick out five pairs you want to try, and they mail them right to your house free of charge. I can’t buy frames without trying them on (I’m terrible at judging what will actually look good on me) so this has been a lifesaver for me.
Ron Ablang
I will also never buy again from the doctor/pharmacy. My current pair of frames came from Kaiser, at a cost of less than $300 out the door.
I’m going to try buying online.
Bill
“If you’re trying to impress others with that brand stamped on your face, you’re impressing the wrong people for the wrong reasons. And you’re getting price gouged to do so.”
At least your article didn’t come off preachy… Oh wait.
Do you also yell at expensive cars, as they drive down the road, letting them know that they could have bought a Kia, with a 10 year warranty? Or better yet, ride a bike?
As far as Luxottica, let me give a couple words of advice. First, companies have been vertically integrating since the term was invented. This is good for stockholders, which is what companies are structured to satisfy. Jobs are being created. The economy is being stimulated. If you are choosing to specifically come against all other vertically integrated companies, then sharpen your pencil, because you’ve got a lot of writing ahead of you.
Second, please do more research than watching ’60 minutes’ for 12 minutes. Just like most anything else… some parts are true, some parts aren’t. The only way to get to the bottom is to dig deeper than watching television.
Third, Luxottica only has about 20% marketshare. There is other fierce competition in manufacturing, and retail (Walmart, Costco). Again, a little research goes a long way.
In the end though, good call on the HSA, and I have had some great experiences with Warby Parker.
G.E. Miller
“Do you also yell at expensive cars, as they drive down the road, letting them know that they could have bought a Kia, with a 10 year warranty? Or better yet, ride a bike?”
Actually, yes… my favorite past-time. This is a personal finance blog, man!
Bill
Fair enough. I enjoy your website, but thought you were a bit ‘prescriptive’ (pun intended) with the tone of the article. In my opinion, it’s worth pinching pennies in meaningless parts of your life, in order to put them towards a purchase that sits on your nose every day for 2 years. In addition, you might not think that there are sacrifices to your frame /lens quality when you buy them for $39, but there certainly are. Whether many perceive that lack of quality is a different discussion. What is certain though, is that the frames won’t be fitted as well, and the lenses won’t be placed as well. I’ve had to send multiple pairs of online glasses back for this reason. When I took them to my eye doctor to see if the precription was wrong, my doctor drew on the lenses and showed me how they weren’t placed correctly for my face. There’s a bit of risk involved in the online process, which many might be able to tolerate.
Kt
Cars quality can endanger your life while glasses quality can just give discomfort. But you can easier buy a replacement for $10 if your prescription is off. If you have the money and like to show off with your brand name glamor then I think it’s fine. But if you’re going into debt and sacrificing the quality of your life with an inability to pay your bills you’re probably making a bad choice.
Honestly though, I’d rather make friends who respect me as a person rather than how ritzy the things I own are. And if your self worth is based on such materialistic things then there is probably a problem. I think that is what the commenter is getting at.
To each his own I guess. I do like the comfort of good quality items, but I think when it comes to glasses, the price difference between online sellers and the doctors office is insane. And there is really not a big quality difference either. I’ve been wearing cheap $10 glasses and they have been holding up just fine. I think these high priced glasses are a racket. While it is unfortunate that the employees who work for these price gougers may suffer when people start wising up and shopping elsewhere. But that is the market and I don’t think consumer suffering justifies it. And these companies either need to change their business model or make something else that actually justifies such a crazy price.
mdenis39
Just got my eyeglasses delivered to me from Zinni yesterday, thanks to this blog (and the comments). I paid $130 for bifocals, frames have spring hinges. I like them very much. I was surprised by the “austerity” of the packaging – they came in a flimsy plastic case, no care instructions, and made in China (possible shipped directly from the mfr in China?). But they did include a microfiber cleaning cloth. Anyway, very happy with them & paid for with my HSA, so they were “free”:)!
Steve
I am a retired optician. The information here is a mix of true and not so true. I left the optical field because of the abuses heaped on the public by most retailers. Eyeglasses need to be fitted, preferably by someone with experience and understanding. You could cause yourself skin irritations or worse with an ill fitting frame. If your wear multifocal lenses you must be measured by a knowledgable professional while wearing the exact frame in which the lenses will be placed. If your frame becomes crooked, or uncomfortable you must have it put back into proper alignment. It IS true that buying frames with a “designer” name on it is no assurance of quality and there are many good manufacturers other than Luxottica. When you need eyeglasses ask for recommendations, do some shopping, ask questions.
Bob
I, too, am an optician and you are right on the money with your comment. It’s easy to be a hero in people’s eyes if you REALLY know how to adjust frames and how to troubleshoot a patients problems with frames, lenses and, to a limited extent, their vision. A shame that most people, new to the optical world, are showed a couple of films, given a “high sales” pep talk, and sent out to sell some glasses! Nothing wrong with that, all businesses must have sales, but it would sure be nice if the companies would place adjusting, troubleshooting, and coaching in as high a sphere as sales.
Peter
Yes with brick and mortar stories they have overhead costs and rent to pay which is understandably more expensive than online stores, but still $400 for a bit of plastic, metal and glass is not justifiably if in other countries you can buy a decent pair for $50-$100.
Dave
When I became an adult one of the first things I did was get a pair of much needed eyeglasses. My optomitrist flat out ripped me off with a pair of $160.00 frames. He then never sized me up and let me choose a frame that was too big and wrong for my face. To top it all off it would cost an additional $110.00 for an anti-glare coating. I decide not to get the anti-glare coating simply because it’s not in my budget to do so.
A month goes by and seeing the reflection of my eyeballs everytime I turn a computer screen on or go outside was becoming too much for me. I decided to look online when to my amazement I could have gotten a knock-off brand of similar style for about 1/5th the price. This of course included the anti-glare coating. I bought the glasses and wore them for two years straight without any problems.
Findingnewme
I am just joining this website after spending an exorbitant amount of money on prescripon eyeglasses. In recent years, I have been purchasing glasses from myeyedr. Last weekend, my eyeglasses broke so i immediately went online to gauge my available options, and of course , there were no retailers open when I needed them, except for myeyedr in bethesda on Sunday afternoon. I went, i bought, i received today, and now… Eh….not so sure I like them. Just want to confirm my return options now.
Kay
LOL it’s funny because I have literally also been to that myeyedr in Bethesda, they are the WORST with their price gauging and deceptive pricing! I would never recommend them to anyone and hope people wise up and stop going there. Private eye doctors are so much better, lately I have been going to an eye doctor in DC and I just ordered contacts and glasses through Costco saving hundreds of dollars from what the eye doctor would have charged me.
レイバン
The wayfarers were among the ideal selections in both equally departments and were being applied extensively by present day manner designers.
This is the cause why they are a single of the most sought right after sun shades today.
Robert
You have to ask yourself why do glasses have to cost more than a Ipad, I phone, bicycle…I can go on. Really is there that much metal/plastic and labor involved in making glasses. Does a person stand in “Italy” and hand make a pair of glasses all by hand? No!
Your local eyeglass store person will tell you that the fitting and sending off the information to the manufacturer takes ++time. They will also make it look like they have to make precise calculation that cannot be performed by the average person. Heck they will even tell you plastic and the metal used on the glasses has gone up in price by 1000 percent and glass has become rare. If you believe all that…..you truly are sucker.
I think there will be always people who will pay for the brand name stamp to show they paid more.
If the cost was more realistic of what it actually cost, then I would be willing to pay it at a local store. Until then …I will be purchasing online.
Peter
Opticians buy frames for 50p same applies when they buy contact lenses. Not a bad profit. Trust me I know have family in the business.
Mr. Goggle
Not sure what you mean by 50p, I hope it’s $50 a frame, otherwise I wouldn’t brag of the family.
Paul
Mr Google can’t you Google?
50p currently is $1 USD
No, frames do not cost much. You can’t get better ones by paying more. Can you get a better light bulb if you pay 10,000 for one? I’m a winemaker and at some price point it costs no more to make a bottle of wine. A $200 bottle of wine doesn’t cost more than a $20 bottle to make. The price is based on other factors such as supply, demand. If you can make people believe something is worth more then you can get them to pay more but the cost of making it does not go up, only its perceived value. Also having a market monopoly like Luxottica has is a good way to drive prices sky high.
Mr Google who should we believe? You a guy that can’t do a simple Google search for “50p” aka 50 pence, or the many others that actually make sense and swear by the quality compared to brick and mortar stores? Yeah that’s a tough one… NOT!
Arlene Steinberg
You lost your whole argument and blew your entire rant when you didn’t even realize the person spelled his name as Mr. Goggle, NOT Mr. Google.
Not only that but you assumed he knew that the p stands for pence, when the person was probably American and had no idea what you were talking about.
meowkatty
Mr. Troll (Smokin?? Paul)
please leave. you are contributing nothing but nonsense to an intelligent discussion. obviously you must own stock in a cheap online eyewear company.
James
Ok hold on a second. Designer sunglasses are not all neccesarily expensive. The Designer brands mentioned in this article are some top of the range designer brands. Chanel, Gucci, and other brands are not going to be owned by your average sunglass buyer. You can get Ray-Bans and Oakley’s for much cheaper than $300. I can get Ray-Ban Aviators for $145, not factoring in my negotiating powers to lower the price. And when you think about it you are paying for better quality. $5 sunglasses do not have adequate UV protection, have abismal quality, and are made as temporary sunglasses, not keepers. While Luxottica is a monopoly, and I despise that, there are very sunglass brands not made by Luxottica.
David Tillett
Still have my (glass) RayBans from the early 1960’s. Better than anything I’ve tried on the present market in lens quality. Bought them in 1975 for $7.00.
Rob
I’m amazed so many are willing to be so cheap with their eyes/vision. Eyeglasses are not exorbitant because of the frames. Eyeglasses are expensive because of the lens technology. Technology we all want in our TVs, tablets, cars, etc..yet some reason view as “gouging” when we place it before the only set of eyes we’ll ever have. What good is high definition television without high definition optics in our lenses? If you think your online distributors are providing the best technologies at a fraction of the cost you are sorely mistaken. In fact, your online distributor doesn’t even have access to top tier technology. Just as a name brand stamped on a frame doesn’t make it a superior frame, so too calling something “antiglare” or “progressive” doesn’t elevate it to the best available. Walmart sells shoes and clothing less than Brooks Brothers. We all recognize there is a difference. So it is will lens technology. Fitting a lens properly is child’s play for many, until you have a large refractive error, a great difference in Rx between the eyes, progressive lenses, etc. Attempting to become the expert here is quite frankly ridiculous. It’s akin to trying to fit yourself for braces. Frame choices…knock yourself out…find something that’s comfortable and your style. But lenses…online retailers are anything but equal.
Amanda M.
I understand the difference in lens quality, and see it. I have a low prescription with no other issues, so lower quality is not an issue for me.
If all of what you said was true, then the cost of glasses at a normal eye doctor/distributor wouldn’t range hundred’s of dollars between brands. The ‘old man/lady frames’ are $100, while the Burberry brand is $500, same lenses, same staff, same amount of time making frame, different “brand” (even though they were most likely made in the same plant by the same technicians).
Ryan
Beware of the Luxottica Trolls
I love the obviously paid trolls or profit interested parties defending the outrageous prices and practices of this corporation. I love them actually defending monopolies as job creators when anyone who has taken an economics class knows monopolies hurt markets, consumers and generally hurt the economy by pulling resources from other markets into one where they don’t belong.
Lenses don’t cost that much to make and frames cost next to nothing to make. Cutting edge lenses should cost you $50 or less and frames about $5. I’ve worn cheaper and more expensive. Fitting counts, but costs nothing and takes 5 seconds. At the eye doctor today, they told me that my insurance covers a bit more than half of the total cost of my glasses. So the price of the glasses with lenses was $636 (120 for frames and 516 for regular lenses) and would still cost me $260 out of pocket. I felt like I was on some kind if hidden camera prank show and just walked out. I lived in Asia for the last few years where they charge reasonable prices for good glasses with those very same lenses.. Because if they charged $636 no one could afford it and they wouldn’t be able to sell any.
When buying anything, I think you should always compare what you are buying to something else on which you could spend that money and ask yourself if the price makes sense. I just bought a new touch screen laptop computer with a 750 GB hard drive for less than the price they gave me and a new smartphone for less than the post insurance price. I’m late to this thread but thanks for the article. In the past, I’ve used Costco and Walmart. They both have cheaper prices (still expensive, but not quite as outrageous). I’m trying Warby Parker after reading this thread and will try other online retailers or wait till my next trip to Asia before buying from these jerks. I feel like I’m surrounded by idiots and millionaires. People drive outrageously expensive cars with the same/lower performance, reliability and safety ratings than a car like a Mazda, accelerate like they didn’t just spend $4.00/gal on gas, spend $250 on glasses that should cost <$50, and god help us with the amount of money people waste on brand name clothes and shoes in this country. In my opinion, in the age of the internet, if you aren't researching reviews, alternatives and discounts on your major purchases you're either a moron or a millionaire.
meowkatty
Thus, the outrageous small-business-killing success of Walmart and of Bezos and Amazon, right? (BTW you didn’t mention gigantic gas-guzzling $45,000 pick-up trucks racing along blizzard-ridden freeways, careening around other vehicles cuz their drivers love the power.)
Mr. Goggle
I agree with everything about Luxottica in this article. They just feed off the “name brand fools” and do it well.
As an Optician in a brick and mortar retail shop, I must disagree with some points made about us. First off, I don’t carry Luxottica. I don’t support Luxottica’s eye wear ‘M’ in any way, except for taking Eyemed insurance. Anyway, I don’t have rx glasses for $40, but I will adjust, repair, change nosepads, and clean your glasses from the time you purchase until you die, for free. And you will pay a fraction of the cost of buying into the Luxottica ‘M’.
I had a lady brag to me about the high quality eyewear she bought online for $99. Her glasses were crooked, her nose pads were spread wide apart and the bridge of her glasses just rested on the bridge of her nose leaving a huge mark. I was just about to offer to adjust them, even though I shouldn’t, and she started on about how we opticians should be ashamed of ourselves. Shocked, I bid her a good day walked away.
I guess my point is, service. An optician is still about service. Customer service is what once made this country a great place, but it is dying, because of things like this.
So please, hate the brand, hate the Luxottica’s ‘M’, but don’t hate the rest of us!
Amanda M.
I think that it would be a pretty good income stream if a brick and mortar store offered a service to those of us who don’t want to pay so much for glasses. An adjustment and prescription check for $15-$20 is something I would happily pay to ensure my less expensive frames are the best tgey can be. (I told a person at my optician’s office that I got mine online; she was surprised to find that they fit very eell and the prescription was spot on.)
Dennis Snyder
Mr. Optician/Optometrist, I would be happy to buy my glasses from someone like you. I went to MyEyeDoctor who was strongly recommended by my company’s HMO for glasses. I got my eye test done and it was very professional. It was paid entirely by my Health Insurance. When I went to buy frames and discuss lenses is when I felt I was being ripped off. Their selection at the store I originally went to was very limited. They had nothing that I couldn’t get at America’s Best Contacts and Eyeglasses for $70.00 for 2 pairs. The starting price was $179.00 for frames from the 1950’s that looked as if they would not only be uncomfortable but probably wouldn’t last long. The first pair that were near the style I wanted cost $379.99 per frame. These were slightly better and were close to the pair I bought from Walmart a few years ago which were great by the way. Then it came to lenses. Progressive lenses in the cheap frames would only cost me $15.00 by using my company’s eyemed insurance. I thought that was reasonable and eyemed was good insurance for covering most of the cost. I simply couldn’t stand the cheesy looking frames. I went to another MyEyeDr. store where I knew the selection was better. I tried on several decent looking frames that seemed to be made much better. When they gave me the price with their #2 quality lenses it came to over $900.00 out of my pocket. I told them their other location said it would only cost me $15 for the cheap $179.00 frames with their second best lenses, and this person said the first store had made an error. It would actually cost me around $600.00 for the lenses and about $40.00 out of pocket for the frames as my insurance only covered $130.00 of the price for the frames. I thanked him and left. I have bought cars for less. I called Costco and found they sold a wide variety of frames that would meet my specifications and their best progressive lenses for a fraction of the cost of what I would pay at MyEyeDr. So if you can sell me a decent looking, fairly non-breakable set of frames, and progressive lenses with all the bells and whistles including the ability when I look out of the corner of my eye to be able to see in near-sighted corrective vision that is what I’m looking for. I am going to send this article to my company so they know what we are dealing with by using this deceptive eyeglass insurance.
Ms Good Wrench
I am interested in your experience, as I also have the EyeMed insurance, recently purchased glasses, and we blown away at the price – over $800! and I had to pay almost $500 of it. I know I have an expensive (strong) prescription and have poly carb bifocals, but 3 years ago I bought from WalMart without insurance for $390. My prescription has not changed that much either, according to the eye dr. So, I don’t know if the biggest reason is the insurance, or because it was at Pearle Vision. I am rather tentative to order online because of my lens prescription, which is still over $300.
Ms Good Wrench
In addition, and for clarification, I did NOT buy designer frames. I have a small face and actually have gone to wearing children’s frames, as they fit much better in my motorcycle helmet. My frames were $139.
meowkatty
Thank you for this valuable and sensible contribution!
Bob Raskof
Like so many other types of businesses, eyeglasses and hearing aids for some reason are wide open to inflated prices,since they are not under any control. Drugs fit the same description as so many products are way over priced due to both greed and monopolies. Our government is rife with corruption and payola to politicians. Until price controls are implemented, we are at the mercy of large corporations whose bottom lines are more important then fair market pricing.
Smokin Paul
Price controls will insure the poorest of quality and a lack of supply.
The real problem is lack of competition. Big business goes to the centralized power of government to help eliminate their competition. Monopolies are supposed to be illegal in the USA but yet some do exist by lobbying government. Also it’s not so easy when the company is based outside the US.
We do not need any price controls, less government rules, less regulations, rules and laws. Basically less government, except for breaking up monopolies. If there was more competition the high priced monopoly would not exsist. But there is some competition from online companies and the high quality and low prices are what true capitalism aka the free market can do.
Mark
One of the reasons brand name eye glasses are expensive is because the design often patented or trademarked… so buying cheap knockoffs is actually akin to stealing…
Dennis Snyder
Glasses should only cost a mark-up of double the actual cost to produce and put in frames at the most. If frames cost the eye doctor $25.00 and the best lenses only cost $150.00 (which is an exaggeration)the consumer should only have to pay $350.00 whether insured or not. The technology that is built into glasses now-a-days, is developed to find a way to make functional lenses for less cost (cheaper)thus adding profit to an already over-inflated market. The idea that a person should shut-up and swallow what is incredibly unfair price gouging went out in the 1960’s when people stopped being total sheep to the Medical, Optical and Dental wolves shoveling 900% markups at the public and making them believe it was the only thing that would save them.
jane
This doesn’t make sense. Retailers also have overhead costs, not just the cost of the frames and lenses. A shop in NYC is going to have overhead 10 times more than a shop in a small town in Arkansas.
Aee Bee
It’s not anywhere NEAR stealing. The fashion industry has been doing this for hundreds of years. And you can’t patent the style of eyeglass frames.
Albert
If you tell the optical shop that the cost of the glasses will be covered by insurance, the sales person will max you out every penny from the purchase. But you need a pair of glasses for your daily life, so you are literally hold hostage by whatever optical shop you buy the lens and frame. I hate to be a reluctant consumer of the greedy optical shop that make unreasonably high profit by taking advantage of my vulnerable vision, a kind of discrimination to the disabled.
Anyway,it was disgusting, leaving me a bad aftertaste to hand out several hundred dollars for a simple pair of glasses.
With the help of internet, and online shopping, I will definitely seek the alternative.
David
I don’t understand you people… The eye is literally the most complex part of your body. Yes you can buy online for very cheap, and you will get lenses that are made very cheap, with a cheap frame.
First, this is first. Not all lenses or even lens materials are equal. Secondly, not all frames are equal. Thirdly, when you buy glasses from a retail store you have to keep in mind that not only are you paying for your glasses, you are also paying for the technology behind the lenses, the optician/receptionist/teach/lab works(the ones cutting the lenses) the ability to keep a store running, just like at any other store… If they can’t keep the lights on they won’t be open for long. You are also paying so the company can make some profit, and incase of mess ups requiring the use of more material.
With shopping online you are not getting the same quality, you are removing jobs, customer care, trouble shooting, and accurate measurements.
Personally I do not believe anyone should be able to sell nor buy Rx glasses online, just like Rx drugs.
That being said I do think that places such as Lens Crafters do need to lower the pricing…
By all means yes you can buy from a website that isn’t going to ask what you actually will be using your glasses for and you can get a coating because you like it… But the website won’t tell you if you live on the ocean , work with oil, are a welder… Don’t get the anti-reflection coating. It won’t tell you that your lenses might chip, or isn’t right for what you are doing in your job, it won’t let you know why you don’t need this higher end lens, or why you do need that high index lens. And after you get them from your website don’t dare go to a place of optical business and ask them to fix your glasses for you, go back to your website and ask them to fix it for you.
smh
While your eyes may be the most complicated part of your body, my brain is the most complicated part of my body. lol
meowkatty
David: Good points! Although, I also disagree that the eyes are more complex than the brain….
Eric
I’m resulting to buying cheap reading glasses and scavenge frames off of them now, every optometrist in town tells me “you have to get a new eye exam here blah blah blah blah our frames blah blah blah $20 per lense plus our time, including “cheap” frames: $180″
It takes them less than half an hour to make the pair and then they try to get me to buy a second pair for $30 with 2 year insurance for another $60, and special lenses ranging from $20 to $70….
And the eye exam was $50, I know my eyes are important but its a shame the store thats trying to “help” me is making me gouge them out by their pricing.
Hannanana
Zenni is terrible. Shoddy work not worth the cheap price. We ordered two pairs of glasses with an identical prescription. We received two pairs of glasses with slightly different prescriptions.
When worn, one pair would result in slightly blurred vision, dizziness, etc so we took them to an independent retailer and sure enough the axis on both lenses was off slightly (on the messed up pair).
We contacted customer support and sent the glasses back. After a month or so they came back to us (after we had to ask them what is going on) and said the glasses were fine. We asked about the difference in prescription and they said they would test them again.
Finally got back to us that the glasses were within an acceptable margin of error.
They have an acceptable “margin of error” when producing glasses to match a prescription.
In other words, what you order is not necessarily what you get – but that is just fine. You’ll “get used to them.”
Smokin Paul
I call BS. Every pair I have ever ordered front Zenni optical has been perfect. The quality is better than most.
How much do they pay you to post these stories?
In fact I’m wearing a pair from Zenni right now that’s about 10 years old. I’m about to buy some new glasses as my prescription has changed a little. I’ll probably be ordering from a few online sellers including Zenni. I bought a couple pair from Zenni about 10 years ago that were clearance priced at $12. It’s the pair I’m wearing. The optical coating has some wear but mostly intact. My brick and mortar glasses had the optical coating waring off in less than two years.
Say when I go to bed tonight can you tell me another story. How about another fiction story.
tony
just purchased glasses
polo with hd reflex that were 250.
i didnt really care about the price because im financially independant and 21 years old . (hooray thanks to capitalism)
and i was just searching online that anti reflex lenses are cheap as heck
and the dude at the brick and mortal shop was acting as if it scientific and expensive.
you learn something new everyday i guess the glasses industry are owned by the jews lol (jk)
next time i buy glasses im going to get them online from a respectable store that are not dressed like doctors selling you lies.
meowkatty
Dear Mr. Financially Independent (whoopty frickin dooo 4 you! :p )
I’m not one of “the jews lol” but……….. just. go. awaaaayyy.
RedPine56
Hi ,
I already have a first pair of prescription glasses but would like a second pair for emergencies.
I can send my prescription, how much will a second pair cost if i supply my own frame?
Kind regards
Jordan
So, I go to the eyeglass store and they give me the estimate $770.
My buddy used to work at Iris and he was making himself designer
prescription eyeglasses/sunglasses for $15/piece.
He had like 10-20 different pairs.
Okay… Somehow this seems wrong. I’m not talking about the price.
What’s wrong is the fact that people either go blind or have their
eyes gouged out by ridiculous prices. WTF is wrong with society.
How is this not extortion?
People/companies are so god damn greedy that I can’t fcking
afford to see.
People are old, sick, poor, taken advantage of, and the worst part
is the problems are far beyond eyeglasses and closer than neighbors.
Well, people seem to recommend that zenni online store. For $30/piece it’s cheaper enough that I could wipe my arse with them if I’m not satified.
pete
I always said selling eyeglasses was was better than selling drugs
Huge profits and it`s legal.Keep buying suckers!Im liveing large.
Johnny
People easily spend 1,000/year on cell phones, hair styles, and coffee.. Etc. But God forbid you purchase quality eyewear so you can SEE without headaches and eyestrain. When you save money online it’s because you have cut out the optician, the person who measures and fits your glasses. 50% of all online glasses are made incorrectly! Cheap retailers, including Walmart, Sam’s, and Costco all use discontinue discontinued and old/inferior technology when making your low price glasses…..
Eric
I have had issues with trying to by my prescription from an online retailer. I had two main issues with the glasses I purchased:
1. I do have a progressive lense and I can’t get the same “fit” from online that I did from the the optician doing an exact measurement of my eyes. My experience here follows what the optician said a few posts down (or up), if you your sense type needs a more exact measurement, you will have a hard time getting a pair of glasses that work well for you.
2. The AR coating that Zenni Optical uses does not doe a good job of reducing glare, especially at night. It is almost as if there isn’t even an AR coating on them. I even purchased end AR coating that is water and oil resistant. Again, my experience follows that optician when he said, you get what you pay for. Of course, I think I only paid $14.95, so I probably did.
Perhaps if I just had a single vision prescription, I could satisfactorily purchase my glasses online. However, I couldn’t, and I had to go back to the brick-and-mortar store to get my prescription right and a quality lense. What makes it even worse is that Zenni will only give me 50% of my money back on the return.
Smokin Paul
Eric, Zenni would only give you half back, wow you must be out almost $10. Better pay hundreds retail so your not ripped off.
Yes the progressive lens measurements has to be done right. If not you will not be satisfied. Next time contact Zenni to send your glasses in for lens replacement. Tell them your concerns about fit and I think you will be very happy. I guessing they would make more pairs to those same measurements and you would get back two or as many pair as you need.
You AR coating that is water and oil resistant. Why not the regular coating. Are you sure the new glasses from the brick-and-mortar has the same water and oil resistant coating? I guessing its not and likely not more oil resistant than the regular coatings.
Hmm I don’t believe you that you got an inferior product from Zenni. I still have, and use, a pair from Zenni that are about 10 years old. My prescription changed a little but I use them at work so no loss if they get damaged. Ten years later and the coating is still in tact. I clean them regularly and the anti glare is as good as any pair. Perhaps you are getting cataracts or work in the industry and its affecting your bottom line?
In any case I’m here to tell people the quality is better than the high priced garbage being touted as superior. Oh and BTW I can make measurements like pupillary distance etc. Oh and I didn’t need permission from government to make them either. If my glasses are tilted I know right away and can make my own adjustments as well.
If someone is unable to do these simple things, a 12:00 flasher, then by all means get gouged. Might also think about paying someone to help program your microwave and other clock so they are not flashing 12:00. ;-) lol Hence the term 12:00 flasher. For the rest of us thinkers we’ll do nicely ordering online.
Katherine Kaviuk
August 29, 2018
I was just quoted $700 at an optical shop. That seems an exorbitant amount of money for some plastic glasses.
I’ve heard of Zenni Optical and would like to try them, but I am concerned about how I will get the pupillary measurements. And to make sure they are correct because I know that is very important.
Bill
You can get quality glasses without spending $700. Just shop around. Even still, if they last you 4 years, that’s less than 50 cents a day to see your world clearly without headaches or looking like you wear clothes from garage sales.
Paul
Katherine Kaviuk get a ruler that has Millimeters on one side. Hold ruler across the bridge of your nose near your eyes, preferable about half way up your eyes. Now have someone take a photo of you doing this while you look into the distance. Take the photo and measure the pupillary distance. I use the left edge of one to the left edge of the other or you can just eyeball the measurement. Its not a critical measurement and even if you are off by a millimeter or two it will be fine.
Blanka
So I don’t have glasses… So I know next to nothing about this.
My boyfriend does have glasses, and he has designer frames. I’m trying to get him new glasses through a gift card, so he can pick out his own frames, and get an exam for new lenses… As someone who has no experience with all this stuff, I have no idea how to go about this. I believe he would want to get some “fancy” ones, because that’s just how he is, but I’m confused as to how to go about this. It sounds like the only way to get designer frames is to go to a physical place. Am I correct? And are they going to be crappy? I just need some advice as to where to get a gift card.
Matthew Ford
I even just found an online example: a Dalix eyeglass frame I’m strongly considering. On their site, as well as Amazon and ebay, this frame is being sold for $22.
On the websites for 38/39dollarglasses and glasses2go, this frame is being sold for $99 under the name Independent Eyewear. I first saw this frame on these sites where it’s being sold for $99. Then, I found the frame on Amazon/ebay/Dalix sites for $22. It just hit me when I saw on the Dalix site that the model number for this frame was identical to the frame with the Independent Eyewear name I found first.
Lucy
This is why I only go to Warby Parker. Great frames, great lens, free adjustments and amazing prices!
Peter
Price controls will insure the poorest of quality and a lack of supply.
The real problem is lack of competition. Big business will use their money to influence the government to help eliminate their competition. Monopolies are supposed to be illegal in the USA but yet some do exist by lobbying government.
Also it’s not so easy when the company is based outside the US.
We do not need any price controls, we need less government rules, less regulations, rules and laws. Basically less government, except for breaking up monopolies. If there was more competition the high priced monopoly would not exist. But there is some competition from online companies and the high quality and low prices are what true capitalism aka the free market can do.
Paul
Peter said it all. Competition is what drives quality and price. With competition you get low prices and higher quality. Or you can pay way too much and just think you are somehow getting more when you are actually getting less. Try the online sellers for yourself, see the truth for yourself. Like another post stated if you get a bad pair they are inexpensive enough you can wipe your ass with them so you have nothing to lose.
The truth is you will be satisfied with the quality and become a repeat customer of the online competition.
meowkatty
ummm, that copy-and-paste by Peter makes me think that PeternPaul are the same lobbyist Zenni shareholder guy!!! HA! :D
Nate
My vision started to decline in my late 20’s to the point where I needed glasses. I went to Walmart Optical thinking they would be cheapest. The exam was covered by insurance (but was around $50). And the glasses and lenses came out to about $50. I thought it was kind of spendy given I chose one of the cheapest pairs they sold.
One day I decided I would look into getting some prescription sunglasses and went to a Lenscrafters. I left the store when the clerk told me the cheapest he sold was $220. Spending $220 for something I would probably lose at some point seemed like a really bad idea.
Then I searched on line. Found a place that offered prescription sunglasses (and glasses) for $5-$10 each (goggles4u.com). I bought them and they are just as good as anything in Walmart or for that matter, lenscrafters.
So yes, #1 piece of advice:don’t shop retail for prescription glasses. While Luxottica may not completely corner the market, It appears they’ve done enough backroom deals to make sure its difficult to procure affordable eye wear in the brick and mortar environment.
If your concerned about eye measurements (and numbers required to order online), request them from your optician during an exam. You’ll still come out ahead.
Mario F.
Could not really read through all the topics, but IMHO there’s two things here;
1. Frames – I agree frames are waaaaay overpriced and there is a Monopoly by lux
2. Lenses – several arguments here on measurement, being a physical/medical condition we should not play with our eyesight. So individual choices on lenses/contacts will be differ in each of us. Online options are plenty.
Emily2018
Just to add to the list of cheap retailers above: smartbuyglasses.com
Their own brand SBG collection starts from $29 and they offer alot of different lens options.
CJ
I bought my glasses for 17$ on zenni. Better than the $500 pair my eye Dr wanted me to buy from him. To the fools defending $400-$900 glasses… y’all are ignorant and deserve to pay $900 for a thin piece of plastic and some glass…
Emily
I love Warby Parker, especially since you can do a free home try-on before buying a pair. They also have several retail locations across the country, where you can get free adjustments if necessary. Definitely not worth paying the crazy high prices commanded by the Luxottica brands.
Natashie
I am sorry but online is just as expensive!! So not true what you say. I don’t know why progressive lenses have to be so expensive. It was already expensive with single vision for years ever since I can remember but with progressive it is double the price. Ok, I understand I won’t want to pay $15 but around $200 should be reasonable for frames and lenses. Many people like to change their frames yearly or so. We are being gypped especially in Canada where prices for everything is higher than other countries in the world when you compare cost of living.
Paul Nourse
Socialism costs money, other peoes money. Thus the price of goods goes up in various visible and hidden taxes.
Have you tried Zenni Optical? It’s the last really inexpensive online eyeglass business I can find. Quality is great The others are more expensive but still a better deal than brick and mortar.
Julie
What I would like to know is what do you do when finding the right pair of glasses is tricky? I am so sensitive to pressure on my nose and have a rather narrow face. Most Optical stores care very few frames narrow enough for me let alone the cheaper vendors like Zenni or Costco. I do feel I could find something at the optical center that works with my optometrist, but their frames and lenses add up to $500 plus. The best and most comfortable pairs of glasses have always been bought at the optical center that is part of my optometrist. They just do such a better job at finding me a good frame and having more options for frames that would work for me. I’m in dire straights right now with no comfortable glasses (I just get less tolerant with age, ugh). Is there anywhere to go for more reasonably priced glasses when I’m such a hard fit. If I have to pay $500 for glasses every few years I might just have to get eye surgery.
Gabriel
How do we get all the nice and fancy coatings and copay/deductibles though if we purchase online? Can anyone point me in the right direction?
Bob
My major problem was not the glasses but a decent prescription. The advent of the new bells and whistles optometrists gave me the weirdest results for about 5 years. Changing optometrists did not help in fact my old old glasses were way better. Different opticians verified the glasses were exact to the prescriptions. Finally so pissed off I searched out and found an old semi retired ophthalmologist with his antique equipment and guess what. Yup of course perfect vision, no weird stuff happening and no vision changes. Eyemart fixed me up with 2 pair of trifocals for $140.
Fed up
I worked for LensCrafters back in the 90’s for several years, then went on to work for a high end optometrist, and for VSP. Even back then, not only did LensCrafters overpriced their customers, they cut back the bonuses that was once given to their Opticians(Now hiring sales people, which cuts their costs for an experienced worker). Lenses are dirt cheap, which I learned at VSP, but doctor offices hike the prices so they can make more than just a few extra bucks, normally up by 100%. This is why I got out of the business. It’s about helping the people, not taking away, for those with now insurance, their paycheck.
Join 10,000+ Members
Get new articles, by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
Popular Posts
Money Saving Products I Personally Use
The Best and Cheapest Tax Software: Top Tax Prep Comparison for 2021
LifeLock Review (Updated 2021): Is LifeLock a Scam or Worth it?
The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World
FOLLOW 20SF ON:
LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:
SEARCH THE SITE:
Search
20somethingfinance.comCopyright © 2021.
This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.
Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.
Thank you for subscribing!
Oops... Please try again.
We value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared. | msmarco_doc_00_16817815 | ||
http://20somethingfinance.com/withholding-tax-allowances/ | Withholding Tax Allowances Instructions | 3 Reasons why Tax Refunds are Bad & how Allowances can Help
3 Reasons why Tax Refunds are Bad & how Allowances can Help
Tax Allowances Are Key to More Income
The Drawbacks to getting a Large Refund
The Basics of Withholding Tax Allowance Exemptions
Don’t Take Tax Allowances Too Far
Your End Goal with Withholding Taxes
How can I Figure out what my Tax Allowance should be?
| Withholding Tax Allowances Instructions
3 Reasons why Tax Refunds are Bad & how Allowances can Help
Last updated: January 14, 2021 G.E. Miller 44 Comments
Update to the below content: tax allowances reflected exemptions, which were removed with the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act (tax reform). As a result, the IRS launch a new W4-Form for 2020 and beyond. See that article for more info.
Tax Allowances Are Key to More Income
Tax allowances are the key to more income throughout the year. Unfortunately very few people know how they work. It’s that time of year when many people start to get giddy about getting that fat tax refund they’ve been waiting for. According to the IRS, the average tax refund last year was a whopping $2,825. What many of us, particularly younger professionals, don’t realize or don’t want to accept, is that getting that huge refund is really a poor financial strategy.
The reason why anyone would be able to receive a huge refund is mostly going to be due to the fact that they were paying the government too much withholding tax on their income throughout the year in the first place. A lot of people realize this, but don’t seem to know how to take action. Personally speaking, I have fallen into that psychological trap as well, where you think by getting a large refund you are somehow better off financially for it. Getting that large check in the mail feels like a huge blessing. Quite the opposite is true.
The Drawbacks to getting a Large Refund
1. You are loaning your money for a negative return. Getting a large refund means you are paying more in taxes throughout the year. This money could easily be going into your bank account and earning interest throughout the year. Let’s say that you invest the extra income in mutual funds and you earn the stock market historical average, in effect you’re loaning the government your cash and in return for your kind offer you are giving them a good chunk of cash. Even if you just put the money into a low-interest checking account that returned 1% a year, consider it a 1% loss on the amount of your refund.
2. You are binging and purging your cash. Getting more of your true income delivered to you on a consistent basis allows you to work it into your budget. If you direct deposit this income into your savings, you don’t miss it at all. The urge for many, when they receive a big refund, is to go out and spend it because they feel that they deserve it. They do, after all, it’s their hard earned cash! If you set yourself up to not get that big refund, there’s no urge to purge.
3. You are not able to distribute investment risk evenly over time. Part of any good investment strategy is to distribute risk of loss by adding investment contributions over time. Even if you wisely invest your refund versus spending it all, you would most likely be making one large contribution versus spreading out risk over the year. This is a bad investment practice.
The Basics of Withholding Tax Allowance Exemptions
A withholding tax allowance is simply a number than you can claim on your W4 form that will change the amount of your income that your employer will withhold from you throughout the year. The number of allowances can vary, but is most likely 0, 1, or 2. The higher the allowance number, the less tax will be withheld from you with each paycheck. A W4 is filled out by an employee when they start employment.
Allowances on a W4 can be updated at any time by filling out a new one. Most employers will allow you to do this whenever you desire (and as often as you desire), and your withholding tax amounts should take effect in your next full pay period (this may differ by employer, so ask yours).
Don’t Take Tax Allowances Too Far
On the other end of things, you don’t want to end up owing the IRS significant money and possible penalties. Just be careful.
Your End Goal with Withholding Taxes
Ideally, at the end of the year, you will benefit the most if you receive a very small refund (close to nothing) or end up paying a very slight amount that you will be able to easily pay. One caveat when changing allowances: the last thing you want to do is end up with too high of an allowance that results in you owing a high amount that you are unable to pay.
How can I Figure out what my Tax Allowance should be?
Fortunately, there are at least three free resources available to you, which are cited below. If you still are having trouble figuring out what your allowance should be, you may want to speak with your employer’s payroll department or a qualified tax professional.
Withholding Tax Allowance Calculator – from the IRS
IRS Withholding Tax publication 505: this includes the official withholding allowance worksheet and instructions.
Intuit Turbotax tax tools and calculators – includes tax estimator and withholding allowance calculator.
H & R Block withholding tax calculator
Will you be changing your allowances in the coming year?
Best & Cheapest Way to Efile
Do I Need to File a Tax Return?
Earned Income Tax Credit Basics
2020 & 2021 Tax Brackets & Standard Deductions | msmarco_doc_00_16890102 |
http://20thcenturyartmovements.weebly.com/1/post/2013/04/the-elephant-celebes.html | The Elephant Celebes - Historic Painting Project (2) | Historic Painting Project (2)
The Elephant Celebes
The central focus of the painting is a giant mechanical elephant. It is round and has a trunk-like hose protruding from it. The creature has a frilly metallic cuff or collar, and a horned head and tail. The low horizon emphasizes the creature's bulk, and the gesture of the headless mannequin introduces the viewer to the figure. The mostly empty sky contains more incongruities: there are two fish "flying" at left. The black shape to the right of the fish looks like an oncoming airplane, and there is a trail of smoke in the right part of the sky.
The painting is overall filled with action; several things are happening at the same time: the elephant with his curved trunk is smoking like a chimney, which makes it, look like a working factory. The headless mannequin seems to be “waving”. The sky seems almost alive due to the dark brushstrokes and the fishes at its top left. The vertical line on the left breaks symmetry from the central body and brings dynamism.
This dynamism is nonetheless subdued due to a grayish dull and black color. Some bright colors have been used as well to bring dynamism and transform to the abstraction of the painting. The dark colors and the geometrical shapes create a very strict, severe yet worrying mood. By taking into account the historical context, this painting may make allusion to the “mechanical terror” of the war experience.
Mostly curved lines have been used, giving an overall dynamic feel. The central space is occupied by some geometrical curves; the bust on the right corner brings to relief, naturalistic ones. The elements of juxtaposition and shadows create a three dimensional representation, though some of the shadows defy angle relation to other shadows, such as the elephant’s right leg’s shadow compared to the shadows of hose pipe, vertical line at left and left leg of the elephant.
Leave a Reply.
| The Elephant Celebes - Historic Painting Project (2)
Historic Painting Project (2)
The Elephant Celebes
4/9/2013
0 Comments
Title: The Elephant Celebes (1921)
Artist: Max Ernst (2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976).
Technique: Oil on canvas.
Location: Tate Gallery, London, UK.
Dimensions: 125.4 x 107.9 cm.
The central focus of the painting is a giant mechanical elephant. It is round and has a trunk-like hose protruding from it. The creature has a frilly metallic cuff or collar, and a horned head and tail. The low horizon emphasizes the creature's bulk, and the gesture of the headless mannequin introduces the viewer to the figure. The mostly empty sky contains more incongruities: there are two fish "flying" at left. The black shape to the right of the fish looks like an oncoming airplane, and there is a trail of smoke in the right part of the sky.
The painting is overall filled with action; several things are happening at the same time: the elephant with his curved trunk is smoking like a chimney, which makes it, look like a working factory. The headless mannequin seems to be “waving”. The sky seems almost alive due to the dark brushstrokes and the fishes at its top left. The vertical line on the left breaks symmetry from the central body and brings dynamism.
This dynamism is nonetheless subdued due to a grayish dull and black color. Some bright colors have been used as well to bring dynamism and transform to the abstraction of the painting. The dark colors and the geometrical shapes create a very strict, severe yet worrying mood. By taking into account the historical context, this painting may make allusion to the “mechanical terror” of the war experience.
Mostly curved lines have been used, giving an overall dynamic feel. The central space is occupied by some geometrical curves; the bust on the right corner brings to relief, naturalistic ones. The elements of juxtaposition and shadows create a three dimensional representation, though some of the shadows defy angle relation to other shadows, such as the elephant’s right leg’s shadow compared to the shadows of hose pipe, vertical line at left and left leg of the elephant.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.
| msmarco_doc_00_16895844 |
http://20thcenturysouthjrhigh.pbworks.com/w/page/824137/Womens%20Rights | 20th Century History / Womens Rights | Womens Rights
View
Womens Rights
American Women's Rights in the 20th Century
The 60's and the 70's
The 80's and the 90's
Footnotes
| 20th Century History / Womens Rights
If you are citizen of an European Union member nation, you may not use this service unless you are at least 16 years old.
Finally, you can manage your Google Docs, uploads, and email attachments (plus Dropbox and Slack files) in one convenient place. Claim a free account, and in less than 2 minutes, Dokkio (from the makers of PBworks) can automatically organize your content for you.
View
Edit
To edit this page,
request access to the workspace.
Already have an account? Log in!
Womens Rights
Page history last edited by PBworks 12 years, 10 months ago
American Women's Rights in the 20th Century
1900-1909
[
1
]
In the 1900s suffragettes developed a new strategy. They began trying to get young women who were just out of college to join their cause. Ma ny of these new women had faced discrimination to be able to attend college and were familiar with it. Most of them were not married yet so they had more time that they could use on the suffrage movement than some of the older women who had to take care of their kids.
[
2
]
In the Fall of 1909 the workers from the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory (mostly immigrant women) went on strike. They went on strike because they had to work 7 days a week, 7 am to 8 pm.
[
3
]
The workers were payed only about $6 to $7 per week. The workers were allowed one half-hour lunch break. They were locked inside the factory so that they would not take more breaks or steal the materials.
[
4
]
Then the owners of the factory started trying to get them to work more hours for less time.
The factory workers wanted a pay increase so that they would not have to work for such long hours, and they wanted to be payed extra for the extra time they had to work. To try to get this the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory workers went on strike. Soon workers from other factories began to go on strike too. The company owners hired thugs to beat up the strikers. Police arrested strikers although they were prostesting peacefully.
Rich women began to join the strikers. They set up fundraisers to raise money, arranged meetings and went on strike with the workers. Even the replacement workers at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory joined the strike, so that it had no workers to run the machines.
1910-1919
In February, 1910 the strike ended. Most factories had given in to the strikers and rehired them; however, not the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory. The strikers there had to go back to work without any change, although they had started the strike.
On March 25, 1911 a fire started in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory. Since the workers were locked in they could not escape through the doors. Soon the fire escapes broke and the elevator stopped. Some women jumped down the elevator shaft or off the building. Almost all of them died. Some women perished inside the factory because of the flames and smoke. The owners escaped on the roof. Out of the 500 workers 148 (about one third) died. Afterward factory buildings had to meet safety standards.
[
5
]
In 1916 Jeannette Rankin became the first woman to serve in the House of Representatives. She represented Montana. That she was elected was amazing, because in 1916 women in only 14 states (including Montana) had complete voting rights.
[
6
]
She was a suffragette, a pacifist and the only person in congress to vote agaist both World War I and World War II. She said that she would not vote for war because
[
7
]
"As a woman I can't go to war and I refuse to send someone else."
In 1917 women's rights were not getting much attention. Instead more attention was being payed to World War I which was taking place in Europe. To get attention and hopefully President Woodrow Wilson's support for an amendment that would let women vote, the National Women's Party (NWP) decided to picket the White House.
While the NWP picketed, other groups were trying different strategies. The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) led by Carrie Chapman Catt did not protest the government, but supported it by helping with the war effort. They aimed to show men that women could help the war effort and were able to work.
At first the picketers led by Alice Paul (a suffragette who had studied in England and was in the suffrage movement there) were mostly ignored, but when the United States joined World War I people thought that it was unpatriotic to say that something was wrong with the government.
[
8
]
In June picketers began to be arrested. At first they were immediately released but when they continued to refuse to pay the false $25 fines for blocking traffic, they began to receive jail sentences, eventually reaching six to seven months. The suffragettes were brought to either the jail or the Occoquan workhouse.
The
[
9
]
conditions at the workhouse were terrible; rats lived in the walls and when one women seemed to be having a heart attack she was not given medical care. Another suffragette was knocked out when her head hit the bed frame after being hurled into her jail cell. In the jail and workhouse the suffragettes started hunger strikes. They were force fed by tubes pushed down their throats, through a nostril or their mouth.
Once the public learned how the suffragettes were being treated in the workhouse, they disagreed with the way that they were being treated. The suffragettes in the Occoquan workhouse were moved into the jail, which was a little bit better. There they joined the suffragettes in the jail in another hunger strike. Finally in November 1917 they were released.
Finally on January 9th, 1918 President Wilson's support was won by a combination of the NAWSA's lobbyists and the National Women's Party's picketing. The next day the House of Representatives voted on an amendment which would let women vote. It passed with one extra vote. The Senate refused to vote on the amendment until October 1918 when it defeated the amendment by two votes.
Since the amendment did not pass the Senate, it would have to go to congress again. Congress was not meeting then so the suffragettes had to ask President Wilson to call a special meeting of congress. He did and this time the amendment passed the House and Senate in May 1919. Now two thirds of the states had to pass the amendment for it to become a federal law.
The 20's
Tennessee was the last state needed to make the two thirds that were needed to pass the 19th amendment. In August, 1920 it voted and the amendment passed by one vote, made by representative Harry Burns, who was originally against womens suffrage, but promised his mom he would vote for it if the vote was tied. It was, and he voted for suffrage, passing the 19th amendment.
[
10
]
In 1923 Alice Paul introduced a new amendment, the Equal Rights Amendment. If it passes it will give men and women equal rights. The people who oppose it claim that it will rip apart families. Not all feminists were for the Equal Rights Amendment because it would override some laws protecting women that they had developed. It has been brought up now and then since it was first introduced, but has not passed yet.
[
11
]
In 1929 a group of women pilots started the Ninety-Nines, a group for women pilots.
[
12
]
It was named the Ninety-Nines by Amelia Earheart (the first women to fly solo over the Atlantic Ocean ) because 99 women had responded positively to the letter about the first meeting.
[
13
]
The group was founded to give women pilots opportunities to fly and a chance to discuss and try to solve problems that women pilots faced.
The 30's
In the 30's the Ninety-Nines undertook projects such as putting up landmarks for pilots to navigate by. These landmarks were taken down during World War II. This was the first project that was thought up by women, planned by women and directed entirely by women. The Ninety-Nines continued on to work in the army during World War II and
[
14
]
it still exists today.
The 40's
In 1941 the United States joined World War II. Since so many men were being sent overseas to fight as soldiers and because so many jobs were open, people were needed to fill these jobs. Many of these people were women. Besides filling men's jobs in factories, almost 300,000 women worked in the navy and army as nurses, typists and secretaries.
A symbol of working women was Rosie the Riveter, a character from a song that soon came to represent working women, especially women in physical labor jobs. From 1940 to 1944 the number of working women rose 57%.
When the war ended the soldiers came home and wanted their jobs back. The women were encouraged to leave and some were forced. Many women married and became mothers creating the Baby Boom.
The 50's
The Equal Rights Amendment was brought up before Congress in 1950 and 1953. Its opponents were easily able to overthrow it both times, partially because some parts could be interpretated strangly, such as interperting it as saying men and women would have to share public bathrooms.
The 60's and the 70's
[
15
]
In 1963 the Equal Pay Act was passed. It said that women and men with the same job had to be payed the same amount of money.
[
16
]
Even though this act was passed, in 2006 it was estimated that on average women make 77 ¢ for every $1 men make.
[
17
]
In the 60's and 70's the Women's Liberation Movement was happening. The protesters wanted abortion to be available, to give men and women equal pay and to get rid of stereotypes of women such as women always looking after their children and almost always being stay at home moms. They wanted to get rid of ideas that women had to look or be one certain way.
The 80's and the 90's
[
18
]
Begining in the 1980s the Liberation Movement's ideas began to broaden out. The movement began to consider women's issues globally and was more pertinent to African American feminists than the movement had been in the 70's. They protested against the glass ceiling (an invisible barrier of sexism that keeps women from moving upward in companies) and began to consider how sexism, racism and social classes affect each other. This form of feminism continued through the 90's to the present day.
Footnotes
from "Winning the Vote" by Robert Cooney Jr. ▲
from http://www.aflco.org/about/history/history/uprising_fire.cfm ▲
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_Shirtwaist_Factory_Fire ▲
from http://www.aflcio.org/aboutus/history/history/uprising_fire.cfm ▲
from "Winning the Vote" by Robert Cooney Jr. ▲
from "Lives of Extraordinary Women" by Kathleen Krull. page 62 ▲
from "Lives of Extraordinary Women" by Kathleen Krull. page 62 ▲
from "Winning the Vote" by Robert Cooney Jr. ▲
from "Winning the Vote" by Robert Cooney Jr. ▲
from "Winning the Vote" by Robert Cooney Jr. ▲
from http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Explorers_Record_Setters_and_Daredevils/99s/EX21.htm ▲
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Earhart ▲
from http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Explorers_Record_Setters_and_Daredevils/99s/EX21.htm ▲
from http://www.ninety-nines.org/ ▲
from http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/epa.html ▲
from http://www.bpwusa.org/files/public/HouseTestimony.pdf ▲
from http://www.hippy.com/article-128.html ▲
from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism ▲
Womens Rights
Page Tools
Insert links
Insert links to other pages or uploaded files.
Pages Images and files
Insert a link to a new page
Loading...
No images or files uploaded yet.
Insert image from URL
Tip: To turn text into a link, highlight the text, then click on a page or file from the list above.
Printable version
| msmarco_doc_00_16900262 |
http://20thcenturyzeitgeist.blogspot.com/ | Zeitgeist: Modernism and Postmodernism | Zeitgeist: Modernism and Postmodernism
Zeitgeist: Modernism and Postmodernism
Blog Archive
About Me
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Half-Page 11/21/08
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
Thoughts
Tuesday, October 21, 2008
Rantings & Ravings
Thursday, October 16, 2008
Midterm Report
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
Moving On
Wednesday, September 24, 2008
9/25/08
Tuesday, September 23, 2008
A few Quotations:
| Zeitgeist: Modernism and Postmodernism
Zeitgeist: Modernism and Postmodernism
Blog Archive
▼ 2008 (9)
▼ November (2)
Half-Page 11/21/08
Thoughts
► October (3)
► September (4)
About Me
Nitsua Nosreme
View my complete profile
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Half-Page 11/21/08
Austin Emerson
Half-Page 11/21/08
This week I made my way into the 70s in The Modern Mind, reading about the Moon landing, the counterculture, and the grotesque evolution of Capitalism, among other things. The chapters I read this week were an interesting bunch. One section was on historical reconstructions, examining past times and trying to reconstruct the thoughts and sensibilities of their people. I felt a pang of sympathy for these researchers.
One man, whose name I can't remember, looked at the history of Christianity, noting how there had been periods of Christianity marked by "magick" and superstition, while other periods were marked by a strict adherence to the scriptures. Elsewhere, archaeologists were busy digging up any and all evidence of the real Jesus, attempting to explain the past.
This was a difficult time for Christianity. The heavens were being tread upon by astronauts, biblical verses were being discredited as mere plagiarisms of other scriptures, and science was taking on God-like powers. Where I left off in the book, the author was explaining how two innovations would turn the world upside down. The first was information technology – computers. The second was biotechnology, the isolation and replication of certain gene strands. Scientists had finally figured out how to deconstruct and rebuild the basic building blocks of life.
One of the things I noticed when reading about this period was the diminished role of artists. Watson touches upon this briefly, noting that, increasingly, the bestseller list was full of scientific/sociological/pop-psychological books, rather than works of fiction. Pop art was the new thing in the art world, a phenomenon that the art purists of the early 20th century would have spurned. It is my belief that science had become so great a force that the role of the artist was irrevocably diminished. Art became self-conscious and ironic, a medium whose goal was "to produce new sensations in the viewer" rather than to effect any change in society or make any serious statements. Novels lost their popularity and spiraled into increasingly Postmodern forms.
The new society was too scientific, too urgent, to make room for art. It was during this period that scientists began seriously theorizing about the beginnings of the universe; what came before and what would come next. How could art compete with such claims?
It was also the period of the development of the counterculture, a loose conglomeration of Ivy-League sociologists, alienated university students, and fringe mystics. This is a testament to the turns society was taking, and how many disagreed. The word technocratic embodies this brave new world, and the technocracy can have only grown since then. At the same time, many accused the counterculture as being inconsolably narcissistic, subscribing to any ideas that allow them to shift the blame for their problems onto someone else.
In previous chapters, Watson identified a number of thinkers who thought that American society as a whole was marked by narcissism. The American people were "obsessed with their own psychological development," which results in a culture that is bereft of, well, culture.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 7:46 AM No comments:
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
Thoughts
Just doing some re-calibrating...
Modern psychologists agree that the human mind is made up of equal parts nature and nurture. Hence, 50% of who we are is determined by the world around us. If we hold this to be true, then the examination and analysis of culture is a crucial activity, one that has the potetial to yield enormous results. However, it is also a laborious activity, requiring hours of study and research. It's also easy to screw up. The question "which came first, the chicken or the egg?" can be modified in cultural study to say "Which came first: the cultural product or the environment that produced it?" In short, where does culture begin and where does it end? The output – that which determines "culture" (art, literature, advertisments, etc.) – is at once a product of the culture and a producer of culture, resulting in a constant push-pull relationship between a culture and its members. Just like the electron, we can never know with absolute certainty the position of culture and its velocity, not least because publishing a corpus on such a phenomenon would inevitably change that velocity.
Luckily, we can look back at past cultures and analyze those with a closer degree of accuracy. This of course brings its own host of problems, most of which stem from the well-publicized unreliability of memory. But, nevertheless, looking at the past has proved itself to be much more fruitful than trying to put your hands around the effervescent present.
For the past few months, I've studied the past. Namely, the 20th century. This has been mostly through the lens of intellectual achievement, and not as much physical history. I've been whirlwinded through Einstein, the Frankfurt School, WIlliam James, Niehls Bohr, the atom, the division of the atom, etc. etc.. My goal was to trace the cultural history of the world since 1900. (This goal may or may not be shortened to the cultural history of the United States, or the cultural history of Western civilization, but even that term is inaccurate in my opinion, given the differences between culture in France, England, and the U.S., for example)
So let's get down to the meat and potatoes. Our great nation, the United States of America, is usually characterized as the alpha-male of history. We were born of a later generation than England or Germany, and as such, we don't have a complex, entangling history like these other countries. We were born amidst an era of rationalism – the Enlightenment – which purportedly has some effect on our values and beliefs, and, sure enough, America is constantly characterized for its pragmatic approach to life. This is not idle speculation either, seeing as most philosophical output from the U.S. has been of the pragmatic nature. Most, not all. We are unique in that we are the only country that has stuck with its governmental system since day one. Thus, the spirit of Capitalism and Democracy is indelibly wound up in all things American. What words come to mind when you see the colors red, white and blue? Democracy and Capitalism. We are brought up to have a reverence for these twin dragons, and this undoubtedly affects the America conscience. Other countries' political systems come and go with the will of the people, but Americans will never abandon theirs.
America is also based on a certain conceit that isn't mentioned very much. That conceit is this: money=happiness. Hence, money is an ever-present source of tension for Americans. Yet, at the same time, it is the device – developed out of necessity – that lets American society function. A quick glance around the magazines in the library shows the extraordinary degree to which money affects society – nearly every magazine alludes to the saving of money, a crisis in money, or how to solve money problems.
Anthropological and archaeological studies show that money has been around almost as long as humans, and that it is necessary for any complex society to develop. But surely not to the degree which we see today. Money is seen as one of the chief measures of value in American society (one who has no money is basically a non-person, unable to eat, sleep or live anywhere.). The current American debt is 11 trillion dollars. That's $11,000,000,000,000, This number attests to the sheer vastness our society has grown to. As a result, the average person feels ineffectual and small, like the world at large is complex and frightening, ruled by machinery high in the skyscrapers of Washington and Wall Street.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 8:28 AM No comments:
Tuesday, October 21, 2008
Rantings & Ravings
The term "Postmodernism" is unique in that it sprung up part and parcel with the postmodern movement itself. It is an example of humans trying to interpret culture as it happens, and it is a dangerous practice–one that belies the problems in the social sciences. The physical scientist sticks to hard facts and merely observes. The same cannot be said of the philosopher or the sociologist. In an ideal state, we would attempt to define culture only after it has run its course, for tampering with the culture during its infantile stages can be hazardous to its adult life. So here we have Postmodernism, cursed at the outset by scores of scholars who couldn't help but theorize about its future. And then, flash forward thirty years, the Postmodern "movement" has nearly run its course, and still, no one has arrived at an agreed-upon definition.
It is seeming to me more and more attractive to accept the possibility that this whole attempt at definition is pure folly – which could, in the end I suppose, make me the one to eat my words. The postmodernists have always espoused that "postmodernism can only be described, not defined." And yet these same scholars still slap a label on the whole movement, which suggests the existence of a unifying factor. Harumph.
Unifying factor there may be, but all things are similar in at least one way. Everything is composed of matter, for instance. This doesn't mean that we should spend thirty years of our life trying to come to terms with the differences between every thing. Most people would agree on that. So what do these Postmodernists see in their loose collection of art, song, literature and cinema that so compels them to group them together? Is it wishful thinking or is there really something there? And, the ultimate question in cultural analysis–at what point does the scientist cease to merely observe and begin to actively affect that which he is observing?
So what can we conclude from all this? Cultural movements, like all things, must come and go organically. They cannot be created in the stiflement of the university. The cultural movement of Postmodernism ultimately exists as wishful thinking in the imaginations of a few upper-echelon docorates. Postmodernism was borne out of intellectualism, it remained in intellectualism for the course of its lifetime, and now, today, it dies in intellectualism. Cultural critics may identify change in their thought patterns, but the sad truth is that the extent of that change exists only in the initial identification. Nothing else has changed.
It is my opinion that cultural theorizing is dangerous when done for its own sake. Hassan, Lyotard, et al, were still feeling the after-effects of Modernism. They assumed that our labels would continue to evolve, as reflected by the de facto nomenclature "Postmoderism." But labels don't evolve, culture does.
The hypothesis that I've been hinting at, but haven't had the nerve to say outright, is that cultural periodization is meaningless at worst, extremely limited at best. People are born, people die. No matter what time period they are born in, they continue to find ways to express themselves with the tools available. To attempt to understand the forces that work upon the individual in a culture and then go on to identify how these forces evolve over time, is – quite frankly – impossible. Any systematic framework is automatically too vague, and can never address every force. We've all heard of the butterfly effect. Even the gust of air from a butterfly's wings can brew into a hurricane with time. The same applies to history. We can never look into the past and seperate from the great braid of time each individual strand and follow it into the present, because they're all wound together, inextricable.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 7:51 AM No comments:
Thursday, October 16, 2008
Midterm Report
Midterm Report
Austin Emerson
What did I set out to do? For my directed study, I originally set out on a multi-disciplinary quest to "study societies", such as those that existed during historical highlights like The Enlightenment, The Renaissance, Modernism, and, in conclusion, the present. I began by studying Modernism, mostly because it had the most information, and I quickly found myself embroiled in a previously unheard-of sea of academia. I had no idea what I was getting myself into. Luckily, I was hooked up with a book, The Modern Mind, which seemed to objectively render the period of Modernism.
Weeks slid by and I still didn't feel like I was anywhere near the conclusion of my research into Modernism. So I changed my project, eliminating the potential murkiness of studying the Renaissance and Enlightenment and focusing on the 20th century. Even this was a huge undertaking, and I have not really come to any solid conclusions that I have full faith in. But I have learned an immense amount of information, at the very least. I now have a vague familiarity with nearly every intellectual figure since 1900, and I would probably dominate in an "Ideas of the 20th Century" trivia contest.
Where am I now? Good question. Well, I prematurely cut off my studies of Modernism, or rather, delayed them. I felt like The Modern Mind was merely imparting factual information rather than giving me any useful insight. I plan to return to Modernism, and examine it as one imbued with the retrospective knowledge of Postmodernism, which is what I am currently studying.
Postmodernism is unique in that its defining feature is a lack of definition. Its scholars seem to schizophrenically both desire a systematic regime for the definition of postmodernism and at the same time define it on such terms as "uncertainty, indeterminacy, indefinability." From the perspective of a relative outsider (myself), the practitioners of PoMo seem torn between anarchy and order, stuck in a mindset halfway between Modernism and some new sensibility. They want to patch up the fragments of Postmodernism – the disparate elements, verily, the entire spectrum of culture contained in the chronos from 1939 onward – into a unified whole, yet, like patching up a hole in a bucket with chicken wire, they go forth in doing this with the conviction that you can't define Postmodernism. In this I see a tendency toward the certainies of Modernism. It seems our postmodern scholars haven't completely broken free of it.
The primary question that has been in the back of the mind throughout all this research is “what am I going to have to show for all my research once these months are over with? Despite the brilliant luxury of time afforded to me, I still feel like I'm racing the clock in many ways. Which is probably not inaccurate. I've undertaken a huge project, and an hour and a half a day is a relatively short period of time to digest such a wealth of information, the result of a hundred years' worth of scholarship.
I set out on this project with the assumption that something happened during the dawning of the 20th century that changed man irrevocably. I'm not sure if I can still believe in that.
One thing I would like to do is return to reality a little bit. I spent most of last week reading Ihab Hassan, who is an amazing writer–almost Coltrane-esque in his wordplay–, but one whose theories remain firmly entrenched in the vague and theoretical. One thing that has separated me from a lot of the other scholars I've read is that I am constantly seeking evidence behind claims. I know all too well how a writer's personal perceptions can influence pronouncements they make on the rest of society, and I refuse to fall into this trap. And, I haven't found many answers. Ms. Snider was at a loss when I asked her if there were elements of postmodernism reflected in the current popular culture, and the writers I've read haven't given much concrete evidence either. I still want to stick to the sociological element of my project, the more scientific, grounded-in-hard-facts element, and that is what I plan to be involved in the coming weeks.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 7:28 AM No comments:
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
Moving On
Well, yesterday I interviewed Ms. Cynde Snider, and it was a very enlightening conversation. We mostly discussed Postmodernism, but we also talked about its differences with Modernism. I feel as though I am generally correct in my analysis that Modernism was characterized by a sense of progress, and this is evident even in the critical pieces, like T.S. Eliot's The Wasteland. At the core of this optimism was the sense that there was objective truth at the heart of everything. That perfection could be achieved and that there really are answers to the questions that we find ourselves asking over and over again.
When pressed for to describe Postmodernism "in a word," the best thing Ms. Snider could come up with was "Uncertainty." She went on to describe how the atom bomb both literally and figuratively blew away the past and served as an unsubtle beginning to the brave new world of postmodernity. We also discussed how periodization is frowned upon by postmodernists, which would obviously undermine my project, but that is only from a Postmodern point of view. I, personally, am not quite ready to accept that the concept of historical periods is false, although I am ready to acknowledge the problems of such generalizations. Ms. Snider explained to me an alternate view of history, one that pinballs between the romantic and the classical, until what was once romantic becomes staid and constricting –in a word, classical – and is exploded. The cycle begins anew. To use an example that is both relevant and clarifying, the concept Postmodernism is now in its classical twilight. In the 60s and 70s, there was no attempt to observe what was happening, it was merely happening. Then, as time wore on, scholars began to try to pin down exactly what postmodern meant, in the process adversely affecting the very subject they were trying to observe. Now, we are definitively out of postmodernism, which means that my project just acquired a new dimension – to define the times we live in now, the time of post-postmodernity.
It sounds ambitious, but I have some ideas. One is that we as a people, tired of the labrynthine perspectivism of postmodernism and the complex theorization of modernism, have returned to pragmatism, to science, philosophy and psychology that really works.
...There goes the bell, but I'll blog more on this.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 8:33 AM No comments:
Wednesday, September 24, 2008
9/25/08
I am still making my through the book 'The Modern Mind' by Peter Watson. The book reads chronologically, and I am currently in the 1920s. However, I may have to abridge my studies on Modernism. The other part of my study is to examine postmodernism, and the society we live in today, which could take a long while. I am disappointed that I have not arrived at any defnitive 'Zeitgeist' for the period of Modernism, but, then again, this merely confirms a suspicion I held since undertaking this project: that a period as broad and far-reaching as Modernism is impossible to define in a single phrase. There were numerous movements, across both sides of the Atlantic, throughout every discipline imaginable.
However, I can make some conclusions: Modernism, from 1890-1914, at least, was characterized by a very optimistic sense of Progress. This belief in advancement was born, embryonically, from the increased communication and connectivity of the 1800s, which, although nowhere near the connectedness we feel today, was still unprecedented for its time. The 'world community,' still in its infant stages, gave way to, among other things, a link among scientists. Science had, until this point, been very superstitious and disorganized. But as connections between nations grew stronger, the practice of Science, now with a capital S, began to develop.
Science both united and divided. It indicated truths that were seemingly indisputable, rooted in observation and experimentation. Now, questions were being answered that had remained mysteries for millenia. This instilled in people the sense of progress and evolution that so characterized the early period of Modernism.
In my interview with Mr. Marcus Patton he explained how, in some ways, American history follows a cycle of progressivism followed by wariness, and I think we can observe this trend on a global level during Modernism. "Progress" was smashed in a head-on collision with the atavistic World War 1, which created a an incontrovertible rift between the dates 1913 and 1920, only a mere seven years apart, but dimensionally different in their respective prevailing moods.
1920 saw the beginnings of a disillusionment with progress that eventually gave way to Postmodernism. Or at least that is my conjecture. Ernest Hemingway, Sinclair Lewis, T.S. Eliot, Salvador Dali, the American expatriates, and the Surrealists all embodied this. I think that, in the 1920s and onward, people began to lose faith in the sciences to cure all human problems. This period also saw the beginning of the divide between "low culture" and "high culture." In the early 1900s, it was generally excepted that the avant garde was merely a few steps ahead of the general populace. For example, the art of the Cubists – Picasso, Cezanne, and others – was at first regarded as heresy in the art community. But, soon enough, that art was being displayed in all major galleries–the avant garde had now become the norm.
But, starting in the '20s, there appeared a break between the avant garde and the norm. Suddenly, it was possible that the two might never intersect. The advent of radio and film was the herald of low culture. It seemed the general populace was rejecting the convoluted and mystical, replacing them with the straight-forward and easily-consumable. It was during this time that Lewis Sinclair's 'Babbit' was written, a critical novel that suggested success in America required conformity. This time also saw T.S. Eliot's 'The Wasteland,' a scathing indictment against the materialistic culture that Eliot observed. Social criticism in novels and poems had always existed, but not at the level it did beginning in the 1920s.
It is my conjecture that the disillusionment caused in part by World War 1 planted, throughout the 1920s, the seeds that would yield Postmodernism. That's all for now.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 8:30 AM No comments:
Tuesday, September 23, 2008
A few Quotations:
Since my goal is to find the relationship between the various movements in Modernism – scientific, intellectual, musical, artistic, social – I thought it would be worthwhile to save the intro to the Wikipedia article on Modernism as well as the one on Postmodernism.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernism:
Modernism describes an array of cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The term covers a series of reforming movements in art, architecture, music, literature and the applied arts which emerged during this period.
It is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology or practical experimentation. [1] Modernism encouraged the re-examination of every aspect of existence, from commerce to philosophy, with the goal of finding that which was 'holding back' progress, and replacing it with new, progressive and therefore better, ways of reaching the same end. Embracing change and the present, modernism encompasses the works of thinkers who rebelled against nineteenth century academic and historicist traditions, believing the "traditional" forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, social organization and daily life were becoming outdated; they directly confronted the new economic, social and political conditions of an emerging fully industrialized world. Some divide the 20th Century into movements designated Modernism and Postmodernism, whereas others see them as two aspects of the same movement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernism:
Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement'. While "modern" itself refers to something "related to the present", the movement of modernism and the following reaction of postmodernism are defined by a set of perspectives. It is used in critical theory to refer to a point of departure for works of literature, drama, architecture, and design, as well as in marketing and business and the interpretation of history, law and culture in the late 20th century. Unfortunately, there is no authoritative definition yet.
Postmodernism is an aesthetic, literary, political or social philosophy, which was the basis of the attempt to describe a condition, or a state of being, or something concerned with changes to institutions and conditions (as in Giddens, 1990) as postmodernity. In other words, postmodernism is the "cultural and intellectual phenomenon", especially since the 1920s' new movements in the arts, while postmodernity focuses on social and political outworkings and innovations globally, especially since the 1960s in the West.
Merriam-Webster attempts to describe the term as either of, relating to, or being an era after a modern one or of, relating to, or being any of various movements in reaction to modernism that are typically characterized by a return to traditional materials and forms (as in architecture) or by ironic self-reference and absurdity (as in literature), or finally of, relating to, or being a theory that involves a radical reappraisal of modern assumptions about culture, identity, history, or language. [1] The American Heritage Dictionary describes the term as Of or relating to art, architecture, or literature that reacts against earlier modernist principles, as by reintroducing traditional or classical elements of style or by carrying modernist styles or practices to extremes: “It [a roadhouse]is so architecturally interesting . . . with its postmodern wooden booths and sculptural clock” (Ruth Reichl, Cook's November 19
I may comment on these later.
Posted by Nitsua Nosreme at 8:06 AM No comments:
Older Posts Home | msmarco_doc_00_16912337 |
http://20thengineerbattalion.org/ | Welcome Home - 20th Engineer Battalion (CBT)
20th Engineer Battalion (CBT)
Central Highlands, RVN
Menu
About The Book
View The Book
20th Engineer Bn
Lineage and Honors
509th Engineer Company – Lineage and Honors
584th Engineer Company
Unit Histories
Vietnam Casualties
Chain of Command Helicopter Tragedy
PFC Eugene Selders
Battalion HQ
Links to Related SItes
Old Site Pages Index
Recent Comments
Krista Steineron Welcome Home
Kenneth Kirbyon Welcome Home
Joe Dooleyon Welcome Home
Larry Hoffmanon Welcome Home
Larry Hoffmanon Welcome Home
Welcome Home
This site is offered as a welcome home for veterans and friends of the 20th Engineer Battalion. It focuses on, but it is not limited to, the battalion’s service in the Republic of Vietnam.
Unit Histories
The focus is on units that served in the Pleiku/Central Highlands area of Vietnam. As such, it includes units that were attached to the 20th during Vietnam and units that might not be currently active.
The 20th Engineer Battalion’s history traces back to 1917, when lumberjacks were gathered to help in World War I.
It stretches across many continents and conflicts to it’s present day Fort Hood and Iraq where the battalion is constituted as the 20th Engineer Battalion (Mech) under the 1st Cavalry Division.
The history was compiled by various members of the 20th over the years, with the version here containing edits for grammar, spelling, and style.
The Book
After more than 30 years, here’s a chance to look back on the faces and places of base camp at Engineer Hill, the dusty environs of Weigt-Davis, and far-flung construction projects.
Hundreds of images from the semi-official photo album of the 20th Engineer Battalion in 1970 in Vietnam. Candid shots, staged shots, and headshots. Mess halls, motor pools, supply rooms, commo, medics, head sheds, and out on the road.
The book was maintained for these many years by Jim Free, formerly of D Company. It has been converted to a Web-based presentation by Ed Gregory, formerly of HHC and the 509th.
Notes:
This site was created in the fall of 2001. It started with scans of all 115 pages of the semi-official photo album created in 1970. There hundreds of faces and names you might remember, or be trying to remember. There is also a separate gallery containing albums of images collected and shared by individual veterans.
If you have any comments or suggestions, please contact edgregory@20thengineerbattalion.org
Proudly powered by WordPressTheme: Blogly by ThemeFurnace. | msmarco_doc_00_16939556 | ||
http://20under40toledo.com/ | 20 Under 40 Toledo | 20 Under 40 Toledo
Each year, we recognize young community leaders with the 20 Under 40 Award. Showcasing twenty leaders—all under the age of 40—the program recognizes individuals who have distinguished themselves in our community. In turn, 20 Under 40 intends to motivate other young leaders throughout Northwest Ohio and Southeast Michigan.
It’s time to nominate
Join us in saluting young dynamic leaders in our region under the age of 40. It’s fast, easy, and a great way to recognize deserving young people in our community.
NOMINATE NOW
Nomination deadline is Monday, July 13, 2020
00 MONTHS 00 DAYS 00 HOURS 00 MINUTES 00 SECONDS
prev
next
SEE ALL 2020 RECIPIENTS
20 Under 40 Leadership Awards Recognition Program
Thursday, October 28, 2021 – 7:00pm
Virtual Event
WATCH 2020 EVENT REPLAY ON BCAN
prev
next | msmarco_doc_00_16942233 | |
http://21.extensionfile.net/ | Open 21 File | Open 21 File
Open 21 File
How to Open 21 file
What is 21 File?
21 File Applications
| Open 21 File
Open 21 File
To open 21 file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 21 file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 21. Here is some information which will get you started.
How to Open 21 file
To see if you have an application which support 21 file format you need to double click on the file.
This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 21 either on web or on local computer.
If there is no application on your computer which can open 21 files you need to search on the internet which application can open 21 files.
What is 21 File?
File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 21 files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix).
These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files.
21 File Applications
If you know which application opens file extension 21 and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form.
For more information on how to open 21 files read other articles on this website.
| msmarco_doc_00_16943221 |
http://21.what-are-the-factors.com/ | What Are the Factors of 21? | What Are the Factors of 21?
What Are the Factors of 21? | What Are the Factors of 21?
What Are the Factors of 21?
The factors of 21 are 1, 3, 7, 21.
Here is how you calculate the factors of 21. 1 and 21 are the first two factors.
Try 1. 1 x 21 = 21, so put these into our factor list.
1
...
21
Take 2... no good. 21/2 isn't a whole number. So we skip 2.
Now take 3. 3 x 7 = 21, so now we put these in our list of factors.
1
3
...
7
21
Next try 4... no luck. 21/4 isn't a whole number. So we skip 4.
Now try 5... nope! 21/5 isn't a whole number. So we skip 5.
Now, since we don't have any more numbers to try, we're done!
1
3
7
21
... What Are the Factors of 1?
What Are the Factors of 2?
What Are the Factors of 3?
What Are the Factors of 4?
What Are the Factors of 5?
What Are the Factors of 6?
What Are the Factors of 7?
What Are the Factors of 8?
What Are the Factors of 9?
What Are the Factors of 10?
What Are the Factors of 11?
What Are the Factors of 12?
What Are the Factors of 13?
What Are the Factors of 14?
What Are the Factors of 15?
What Are the Factors of 16?
What Are the Factors of 17?
What Are the Factors of 18?
What Are the Factors of 19?
What Are the Factors of 20?
What Are the Factors of 21?
What are the prime factors of 21? What is the prime factorization of 21 ?
What Are the Factors of 22?
What Are the Factors of 23?
What Are the Factors of 24?
What Are the Factors of 25?
What Are the Factors of 26?
What Are the Factors of 27?
What Are the Factors of 28?
What Are the Factors of 29?
What Are the Factors of 30?
What Are the Factors of 31?
What Are the Factors of 32?
What Are the Factors of 33?
What Are the Factors of 34?
What Are the Factors of 35?
What Are the Factors of 36?
What Are the Factors of 37?
What Are the Factors of 38?
What Are the Factors of 39?
What Are the Factors of 40?
What Are the Factors of 41?
What Are the Factors of 42?
What Are the Factors of 43?
What Are the Factors of 44?
What Are the Factors of 45?
What Are the Factors of 46?
What Are the Factors of 47?
What Are the Factors of 48?
What Are the Factors of 49?
What Are the Factors of 50?
What Are the Factors of 51? ...
Try another number:
Need help finding the factors of 21? It's easy! Here you go: the factors of 21 are 1, 3... Randy Tayler | randytayler@gmail.com | msmarco_doc_00_16945436 |
http://211022969.blogspot.com/2011/09/summary-of-through-tunnel-by-doris.html | 211022969: Summary of "Through the tunnel by Doris Lessing" | 211022969
211022969
Tuesday, 27 September 2011
Summary of "Through the tunnel by Doris Lessing"
Main character
Plot summary
| 211022969: Summary of "Through the tunnel by Doris Lessing"
211022969
Tuesday, 27 September 2011
Summary of "Through the tunnel by Doris Lessing"
Setting
Time: During holidays;
Place: The shore of a foreign country (big beach and rocky bay);
Main character
Jerry is an orphan English boy that grew up with a single mother.
He cared a lot about his mother and was always a little gentleman to her.
Jerry is spoiled because his mother gives him what he wants and he likes to be the center of attention.
He very committed to reach his goal even though he knows it is going to be hard.
Jerry is a person who likes to push himself to the limits and likes the challenge.
Plot summary
During the holidays Jerry and his mother went to the shore and stayed in a villa close to a big and crowded beach and a rocky bay.
While going to the big beach Jerry spotted a rocky bay that caught his attention and he wanted to investigate but he followed his mother to the big beach.
The following day Jerry went to the rocky bay and while we was swimming he saw a group of boys standing on the small edge of a cape, he swam towards them and notice that they spoke a language that he did not understand. The boys let him dive with them. After the boys dived and came up on the other side of the barrier of rock jerry panic because he knew he could not do what they did and he made a fool of himself. Jerry tried to find the tunnel in the rock but the salty water was painful in his eyes. He went to his mother and asked her to buy him goggles, which he needed to see where the tunnel was. After checking the hole he knew that he would not be able to swim throughout the tunnel without controlling is breath under water, so he worked on his breathing and concentrated on going through the tunnel.
The day before Jerry and his mother left, he decided to swim through the tunnel. He dived with a rock. At first he felt like he could hold his breath without any problems, but as the tunnel became darker and deeper, he started to panic. Jerry kept swimming and counting, until he came to a dark point. He thought he was going to die. Finally, Jerry saw a light in the distance, and he swam to the surface. Although his nose was bleeding, and he was in extreme pain, Jerry proved himself that he could do what the big boys did.
Posted by Idriss Simão at 15:06
Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest
Newer Post Older Post Home
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
| msmarco_doc_00_16947939 |
http://21193111dlhiproject.blogspot.com/2014/03/what-was-singapore-like-before-1819.html | History Inquiry Project: What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819? |
Thursday, 27 March 2014
What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819?
1. Singapore's Transportation Before 1819
My Inference:
My Explanation:
2. Singapore's Communication Before 1819
3. Singapore's Political Life Before 1819
My Inference:
My Evidence:
My Explanation:
Acknowledgements:
About Me
Blog archive
| History Inquiry Project: What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819?
Thursday, 27 March 2014
What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819?
1. Singapore's Transportation Before 1819
Source 1:
A picture of Orang Laut families who are considered as original inhabitants of many islands in Southeast Asia.
My Inference:
From Source 1, I can infer that one of the transportation in Singapore before the 1819 is by boats.
My Explanation:
According to the book, "SINGAPORE: The Making Of A Nation-State, 1300-1975", it states that the Orang Laut knew how to gather products from the seas to trade. Also, the Orang Laut were known for their boating skills. Hence, one of the transportations in Singapore before the 1819 was by boats.
Source 2:
My Inference:
From Source 2, I can infer that many people came to Singapore by boats and it was the main source of transportation.
My Explanation:
There are pirates who launched frequent attacks on passing ships returning to China . Singapore was a busy port as many people travelled there by ships and boats. Also, the boats and ships of kingdoms and empires came to Temasek with goods to trade. Thus, I can infer that many people came to Singapore by boats and it was the main source of transportation.
2. Singapore's Communication Before 1819
Source 1:
This is the Singapore stone that has the earliest writing found in Singapore, and was discovered at the mouth of the Singapore River. However, the writing on the stone cannot be deciphered. (10th-14th centuries)
My Inference:
From Source 1, I can infer that one of the ways people communicated in the olden days is by inscribing on the Singapore stone.
My Explanation:
When people inscribed on the Singapore Stone, the objectives of them doing so should be to pass information to one another. Hence, they made use of the Singapore Stone as a platform to communicate.
Source 2:
This is the Sejarah :Melayu (Which is also known as Malay Annals) written by a court official. It is about the rulers of Malacca Sultanate and their descendants. (16th Century)
My Inference:
From Source 2, I can infer that Malay was a common language used by the people in the olden days to communicate.
My Explanation:
The intentions of writing the Sejarah Melayu should be to pass down the stories of people who lived in the past to the younger generation.Thus , the language used must be a common language that is widely known and enable the younger generation to comprehend. Hence, I can infer that Malay was a common language used by the people in the olden days to communicate.
3. Singapore's Political Life Before 1819
Source 1:
This is the keramat of Sir Iskandar Shah which is found at Fort Canning Hill.
My Inference:
From Source 1, I can infer that Sir Iskandar Shah was once a ruler in Singapore.
My Evidence:
In Source 1, it states that Sir Iskandar Shah's keramat was found at Fort Canning Hill.
My Explanation:
Fort Canning Hill was once a place that housed the rulers of Singapore, also, rulers usually get buried at the place where they died. Since the keramat of Sir Iskandar Shah was found at Fort Canning Hill, I can infer that Sir Iskandar Shah was once a ruler in Singapore. Also, rulers usually get buried at the place where they died.
Acknowledgements:
1) http://i831.photobucket.com/albums/zz239/bdebritto/Fort%20Canning%20Park/FCP_2010_17.jpg
2) https://www.google.com.sg/search?q=written+account+by+wang+dayuan&espv=210&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=eNwzU_PkMqeViAfpnoCADw&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=1242&bih=607#q=Singapore+stone&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=wSSjoG-z_XTxQM%253A%3B98c3I1F2reI9cM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.nusantara.com%252FGIFS%252FSingaporeStone.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.nusantara.com%252Fdesires.html%3B486%3B184
3) http://ivyidaong4.blogspot.sg/2010/12/kon-seletar-of-singapore-houses-on.html
4) http://dreamingwanderer.blogspot.sg/2011/08/singapore-national-museum-4-of-6.html
5) http://www.worldoftemasek.com/index.php/article/history
Posted by Unknown at 02:08
Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest
Home
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
About Me
Unknown
View my complete profile
Blog archive
▼ 2014 (1)
▼ March (1)
What Was Singapore Like Before The 1819?
| msmarco_doc_00_16950804 |
http://211us.org/ | Bad Credit Online Loans Instant Decision -211us.Org | Bad Credit Online Loans Instant Decision -211us.Org
Bad Credit Online Loans Instant Decision -211us.Org
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Loan for private individuals
Online loans for bad credit
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Uncategorized
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Uncategorized
Loan for private individuals
Online loans for bad credit
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Uncategorized
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Online loans for bad credit
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Uncategorized
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Uncategorized
Loan for private individuals
Uncategorized
Financial pillow and taking payday loans
Uncategorized
How do you get a tuition loan?
Uncategorized
Long-term installment loan what is it and what are its advantages
Uncategorized
Are you a candidate to take out a loan?
Uncategorized
Soft loan
Uncategorized
Bank loans – where to apply
Uncategorized
How to get a loan for the unemployed
| Bad Credit Online Loans Instant Decision -211us.Org
Bad Credit Online Loans Instant Decision -211us.Org
Uncategorized
Posted on December 11, 2019 10:12 pm
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Uncategorized
Posted on November 28, 2019 8:25 am
Loan for private individuals
Online loans for bad credit
Posted on November 30, 2019 7:58 am
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Uncategorized
Posted on December 11, 2019 10:12 pm
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Uncategorized
Posted on November 28, 2019 8:25 am
Loan for private individuals
Online loans for bad credit
Posted on November 30, 2019 7:58 am
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Uncategorized
Posted on December 11, 2019 10:12 pm
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Online loans for bad credit
Cash loans online for bad credit -Request an online loan for bad credit today
Usually, several conditions must be met to apply for a larger loan. Most often the requirement is to have a […]
Posted on November 30, 2019 7:58 am
Uncategorized
To reschedule credit | Check credit rating and agreement
Debt rescheduling is usually always an option when an existing loan is canceled and the remaining liabilities are combined […]
Posted on December 11, 2019 10:12 pm
Uncategorized
Loan for private individuals
banks have a separate status in the German banking system, in addition to the cooperative banks. Their main activity is […]
Posted on November 28, 2019 8:25 am
Uncategorized
Financial pillow and taking payday loans
In today’s article, we will try to tell you what a financial cushion is, how to save money, and how […]
Posted on November 20, 2019 9:00 am
Uncategorized
How do you get a tuition loan?
The introduction of tuition fees has caused much controversy and dispute among and between students, professors and above all politicians. […]
Posted on November 12, 2019 8:19 am
Uncategorized
Long-term installment loan what is it and what are its advantages
Financial problems can affect anyone at the least expected moment. Even a well-organized household budget and meticulously planned expenses are […]
Posted on October 21, 2019 1:23 am
Uncategorized
Are you a candidate to take out a loan?
There are situations in life where our economy does not allow us David DuStart certain expenses. When our finances need […]
Posted on October 13, 2019 5:53 am
Uncategorized
Soft loan
The supply of credit in the market today is incomparably large. Finding a suitable and cheap credit is therefore not […]
Posted on October 6, 2019 7:28 am
Uncategorized
Bank loans – where to apply
If there is a major investment, for example because the car is on strike or if the house is […]
Posted on September 23, 2019 8:03 am
Uncategorized
How to get a loan for the unemployed
Unemployed people find it particularly difficult for banks and savings banks to obtain a loan. As a rule, they […] | msmarco_doc_00_16955643 |
http://212790489318400854.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/1/3/12132544/core-reading-maze-comprehension-test_2.pdf | CORE Reading Maze Comprehension Test
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension Test
SKILL ASSESSED
Reading Comprehension
Grade Level
2-10
Language
English
Grouping
Individual/Group
Approximate Testing Time
3 Minutes
Materials
• a copy of the appropriate passage · a stopwatch ·pencils
Author
Michael Milone, Ph.D.
W H A 7 A maze reading assessment is a task that measures how well students understand text they read silently. The maze
task differs from traditional comprehension in that it is based completely on the text. After the first sentence, every seventh word in the passage is replaced with the correct word and two distracters. Students choose the word from among the three choices that fits best with the rest of the passage.
\i\1' · Y Capable readers understand the syntax of what the:· read and the meanings of the words as they are used in the text. Some students with reading difficulties can't comprehend what they read well enough to choose words based on semantic and syntactic accuracy. A maze reading assessment can identify these students and measure changes in their reading behaviors as the result of instruction or practice.
Students 0 "! read one passage that has been modified in a specific way. The first sentence of the passage is left intact to
provide a meaningful start to the reading. For the rest of the passage, every seventh word is replaced with parentheses in which are found the correct word from passage and two distracters arranged randomly. The student circles one word within the parentheses that makes sense with the rest of the passage. Neither of the distracters maintains the meaning of the passage. One is a near disrracter that is the same part of speech or other- wise resembles the correct word. The other is a far distracter that is chosen randomly from a pool of words that are comparable to
the words in the passage. The length of the passages varies from around 150 to 400 words; the passage is chosen depending on the grade placement or reading
1 SO /t!J C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H E N S I 0 N T E S T
ability of the student. The student has three minutes to complete the task (reading the passage). The student's score is the number of correct words circled in three minutes. The grade levels and titles of the passages are shown below. For each grade, two equivalent passages (A and B) are provided; these may be used for pre-I post-testing and/or progress monitoring. Passages are provided starting on page 158. A Teaching Passage is also provided (on page 156) to use with students who may not understand the task initially; you may use that passage (and that passage only) to teach the task if necessary. Administration instructions to be used with the teaching passage are on page 155.
List of Passages at each Grade level Grade A B
2 A City Walk Rabbits in the Garden 3 Their First Train Ride The Fish Kite
4 Playing the Game The Best Picture
5 The Big Move A Great Day 6 Not So Boring The Morning News 7 The People at the Top of the Hill The Islanders 8 Basketball Saturday The Perfect Trip 9 A Circle of Friends A Strange Place to Practice
10 Their First Century College Girl Give each student a copy of the appropriate maze passage. Be sure each student has a pencil. Have the students write their names and the date on the page. Ask the students to put the passage face-down on the desk. Read the directions below to the students. Say: For this activity, you will read a special kind of story. Some of the words in the story have been replaced with a group of three words. You are to decide which word in each group fits best in the story. You will circle the word you think is best.
C 0 R E REA D I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H EN S I 0 N TE S T b 151
Scoring the Maze Reading Assessment
Be sure the students understand the task. (You may restate the directions, if necessary). Say: When I tell you to begin, read the story yourself come to each group of three words, circle the word that fits best with the rest of the story. WOrk quickly, but not so fast that you make mis- takes. Think about the word in each group that is correct. Circle this word and continue working. !fyou see the words GO ON at the bot- tom of a page, go on to the next page. You will have three minutes. After three minutes, I will say ((Stop working. "Ifyou finish before the three minutes are up, you can check your work. Do you have any questions? (Answer any questions the students have.) Turn your papers over. You may begin.
Start timing and allow three minutes. Check the students as they work to be sure the students understand the task, but do not help them choose any answers. For passages that are more than one page long, remind the students to go on to the next page when they see the words "GO ON". When three minutes have elapsed, say: Stop working now. Thank you for completing the activity.
Collect the completed maze assessments. Compare the student's responses to the answer key (provided on pages 176-180) for the passage. Count any correct answer that is circled, underlined, or otherwise indicated. Put a check beside each correct response and a line through each incorrect response. Record the number of correct responses and number of errors on the corresponding lines at the bottom of the page. For ninth and tenth grade students, use eighth grade scoring. An example of a scored passage is provided on page 157.
152 tlJJ C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z M P R E H N S T E T
•••r -
Grade Performance Fall Winter Spring
2 Benchmark 4 10 13
Strategic 2 6 9 Intensive 1 3 5
3 Benchmark 11 13 5
Strategic 8 9 10
Intensive 5 6 7 4 Benchmark 13 16 19
Strategic 10 12 14
Intensive 5 8 9
5 Benchmark 15 17 20
Strategic 12 15 18
Intensive 8 10 12
6 Benchmark 16 18 21
Strategic 10 13 14
Intensive 7 9 10 7 Benchmark 17 19 22
Strategic 13 14 15
Intensive 9 10 12 8 Benchmark 18 20 22
Strategic 14 15 17
Intensive 10 11 13
• \PJ H AT I T M E A N S The results of the maze assess- ment are reported as the number of correct replacements. This
measure is consistent across assessment passages and grades, so a
student's understanding of the text can be compared to prior or subsequent assessments and with other students in the same grade. A student with few correct responses may be experiencing reading difficulties, so the measure can be used for screening. Over time, the number of correct responses should increase as the student is able to read more text in the same period of time and understand it better.
CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENS ION TEST (6 153
The scoring table on p.153 shows typical grade-level expectations for the number of correct replacements in a maze assessment. If the assessment is used for screening purposes, a reasonable guide- line is that students whose score is significandy lower than expected (about half of the values shown in the table), will probably be having reading difficulties. If scores fall between those shown on the scoring table, teachers should take into account other sources of information in order to make instructional decisions. For progress monitoring purposes, the maze assessment may be used more than once if the students receive no feedback about their responses. Goal setting can be accomplished using the infor- mation in the table. Typical students will show a score increase from the beginning to the end of the school year.
p W H AT ' S N E X T 1 A useful strategy to improve students' understanding of text is to pair reading with compre- hension checks through peer questions, summarization, or retelling. Another good strategy is to create practice maze passages or have the students create the passages. Have the students collab- orate to read the passages and choose the correct words. Ask the students to explain to one another why the correct answer fits best with the rest of the selection. If capable cross-age or adult readers are available, they can discuss why certain words don't fit because they are the wrong part of speech and why others don't match the meaning of the text.
154 f!JJ C 0 R E A D I N G M A Z M P R E H E N S N T E 5 T
p
p
p
p
p
t
c
c
c
c
c
·•r --
lliiil
Teaching Passage Administration (Optional)
Use this passage to teach the task to some younger students or older students with reading difficulties who may need a practice (teaching) activity before attempting the maze assessment. For these students, duplicate the teaching passage on page 156 and distribute it to the student/s. Be sure each student has a pencil. The directions are below. Say: For this activity, you will read a special kind ofstory. Some of the words in the story have been replaced with a group of three words . You are to decide which word in each group fits best in the story. You will circle the word you think is best.
We will begin with the practice story I gave you. Read the first sen- tence to yourself while I read it out loud.
The bird landed on the ground.
Now read the second sentence.
It picked up a piece of (book, grass, tired) in its bill.
The word grass fits best with the rest of the story. Draw a circle around the word grass. (Check ro be sure the students have circled the correct word.)
Let's read the next sentence.
The bird flew (back, when, shirt) to its nest.
Which word fits best in the sentence? (Encourage a volunteer to choose the correct answer.) Yes, the word back is correct. Draw a circle around the word back.
For the last sentence, I want you to read it to yourself and circle the word that fits best in the sentence. Work quickly, but not so fast that you make mistakes. Now read the sentence and circle the word.
(Allow time for the students to read the sentence and circle the word.)
The third word, the, is correct. Ifyou circled another word, cross out your answer and circle the now.
Check to be sure the students have circled the correct answer. It
may be helpful to read the passage aloud with the correct words in place to ensure that the students understand the task.
C 0 R E READ I N G M A ZE C 0 M P R E H EN 5 I 0 N TE ST b 155
Teaching Passage The bird landed on the ground. It picked up a piece of (book, grass, tired) in its bill. ..
The bird flew (back, when, shirt) to its nest with the grass.
(Rug, So, The) nest was in a tall pine tree.
1
156 f!::n C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A l E C 0 M P R £ H £ N S I 0 N T E S Copyrighr © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publica::o::: ]
Permission granted to reproduce for classroom ;.;.;, _
iii1
iiiit - iii -
iii
Example of a Scored Passage ACiryWalk
The light changed to green, and Ted and his mother walked across the street. They were on their way to met) food store. Ted liked walking to (and, store. The city was a busy hat, want). He saw lots of different things. (Them, He, Say) also saw many of the people
worked ,JVIIO) near his house. "Hello Ted, (once,(heiid)_you) Mrs. Gomez," said Mr. Hill. He (grow, standing outside his store. He sold bookS name, stay). On rainy days after school, Ted (bark, ollld cold) visit the store. Mr. Hill
would frog) him books that he thought Ted
(got, glad, :woUld like. A little bit later, the (mat,Q soon) of them reached the food store. rs, How, Noise) King ran the store, and she (but, truck, wa s had a special treat for Ted. she gave him some fresh grapes. (day, be, Ted) thanked her and shared the grapes (out, with, fish) his mother. She said they were (just, the, chair) best grapes she had ever tasted. (Ted, Girl, See) thought they were really good, too. (Let, Cry, Then) Ted and his mother got a (duck, cart, late) and started their shopping . Number Correct __ 1_1__ Number of Errors __ 3 __ _
Copyright t0 zoos by Academic Therapy Public:uions C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z M P R H E N S N T %:;J 1 S7
rar:a nrr A rn P nrnrl,,,-,.. f',...r ,, ..
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 2-A Name _________________________ Grade ________ Date ________________ __ A City Walk The light changed to green, and Ted and his mother walked across the street. They were on their way to (for, the, met) food store. Ted liked walking to (and, is, the) store. The city was a busy (place, hat, want). He saw lots of different things. (Them, He, Say) also saw many of the people (bad, fat, who) worked near his house. "Hello Ted, (once, hello, you) Mrs. Gomez," said Mr. Hill. He (grow, happy, was) standing outside his store. He sold (books, name, stay). On rainy days after school, Ted (bark, would, cold) visit the store. Mr. Hill would (show, ride, frog) him books that he thought Ted (got, glad, would) like.
2.
3 ' 4
5
6i
: 7
8
9
• 11
I .
(12 .
13
A little bit later, the (mat, two, soon) of them reached the food ' 14 '
store. (Mrs., How, Noise) King ran the store, and she (but, truck, : 15
always) had a special treat for Ted. (Today, Little, Paint), she gave i 16
him some fresh grapes. (Day; Be, Ted) thanked her and shared the 17
grapes (out, with, fish) his mother. She said they were (just, the, · 18 ,
chair) best grapes she had ever tasted. (Ted, Girl, See) thought : 19 .
they were really good, too. (Let, Cry, Then) Ted and his mother i 20
got a (duck, cart, late) and starred their shopping. 21 .
Number Correct ----of Errors
158 f!:n C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H E N S I 0 N T E S T Copyrighr © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications
to granted reproduce for cla.ssroom usc.
li
Iii •
II
iii
ii
ii
li
Ji li Iii & li
ii
li
,iii
II
II
i
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension Name ________________________ Grade _______ Date ________________ _ Rabbits in the Garden The rabbit hopped across the lawn. It looked around carefully. Then it (following, hopped, shorter) to the garden. Fred and his (pen, full, mother) sat on the porch. They didn't (sent, quick, move) at all. They were watching the (rabbit, balloon, fight). ((Won't the rabbit eat your plants?" (drown, whispered, tricky) Fred. ((Maybe," said Mother. ((But I (splash, nest, have) lots of
21
4 5
6 7 8
9
plants. I don't mind (so, if, band) the rabbit eats a few leaves." 10
(By, At, Two) now, the rabbit had reached (lunch, 11
garden, seven). It sniffed the air before hopping (with, over, 12
flied) to a plant. The plant had (pretty, glad, keep) green leaves n and purple flowers. The (dinner, dip, rabbit) nibbled some of 14
the leaves. 15
Mother (bought, tapped, thing) Fred on the arm. She 16
pointed (to, until, duck) the lawn. Two baby rabbits were 17
(thanked, hopping, book) across the grass. Soon they reached 18
(the, shiny, mail) garden and hurried over to the (many, card, 19
big) rabbit. Each of the little rabbits (whisper, sniffed, gold) , 20
the big rabbit's nose. i 21
'Tm glad (them, duck, you) didn't chase the big rabbit 22
away," (said, climb, truck) Fred. 23
Number Correct Number of Errors --------
Copyrighr © 2008byAcademicTherapyPublicarions CORE REA DI NG MAZE COMPREHENSION TEST 15!1
Permission granted co reproduce for classroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 3-A
Name _______ ______ Grade. ___ Date ________ _ Their First Train Ride The train made a lot of noise as it carne to a stop at the station. : 2
Martha waited for a moment until (it, in, her) father held her 3
hand. They walked (onto, with, sad) the train together. Her 4
mother and (afternoon, brother, finish) walked behind them. 5.
This was the (first, hungry, seat) train ride for Martha and her (horse, brother, still), Brian. They were going to ride (close, farmer, the) train to the city and visit (he, rock, their) grandpar- ents. They usually went by car, (but, if, street) today, Mom and
6 ; 7
j
8
9
Dad said they (shop, would, clock) like to try something different. · 10
The (four, wild, truck) of them walked to the middle (until, . 11
clap, of) the train car. They found some (tent, seats, sorry) 12
together and sat down. In a (few, father, pat) minutes the train 13
began to move. (Grass, Camp, Martha) and Brian felt a little · 14
nervous, (what, but, guess) their parents said they would enjoy 1s
(the, right, sang) ride. ; 16
"The train isn't as noisy (how, as, mat) I thought it would be," 17
said (Martha, bunny, bark). "And I can stand up and (walk, i 18
break, faster) around. With all the windows, I (believe, can, sweet) see everything." "I like it because (pail, I, time) can relax," said Dad. Mom added, "(I, hair, cup) can talk to you two children (under, road, without) turning around to the back of (how, the,
hunt) car." "The train really goes fast," (said, petted, four) Brian. "I like that best of (sad, all, pond)."
Number Correct Number of Errors
19 20 21 22 23
24
; 25 26 160 b C 0 R E R E A 0 I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H E N S I 0 N T E S T Copyright © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
c
c
c
Jl
Iii
::s
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 3-B Name ------Grade Date -----------------
The Fish Kite The sky was filled with colorful kites. Laura had never seen so many (kites, wood, pass) in one place. "This is wonderful," (their, she, burn) said to her uncle, "almost like (in, paw, a) dream." Aunt Marian handed Laura a (wagon, kite, raced) and some string. The kite had (so, an, use) unusual shape and looked like a (fish, shoe, listen). "It looks like a fish, so (them, wild, it) is called a fish kite," said (toast, Uncle, feel) Juan. He held the kite and (told, must, white) Laura to walk backward into the (bottle, wind, chase). When she was about twenty yards (with, hay, away), he told Laura to stop. Laura (had, walk, bank) seen her uncle fly a kite (loud, before, pretty), so she knew what to do. (Bank, She, True)
waited until a breeze came along, (while, peep, and) then she asked Uncle Juan to (rake, hold, brave) the kite high and let go. (Ride, Bear, "When) he did, she pulled on the (string, people, empty) a few times. In just a (bush, wait, moment), the kite was up in the (face, air, over). Laura let more string out, and (the, none, mud) kite climbed higher and higher. "How (high, new, wife) do you think it can go?" (cares, asked, quiet) Laura. ''I'm not sure," answered Aunt (butter, but, Marian), "but I am sure of one (board, thing, else). You have the only fish kite (unless, forest, in), the sky today."
Number Correct Number of Errors _ _ _ _
3,
41
5'
10
I i
11 • 19 i
20
21
23 i
24
Copyright © zoos by Academic Therapy Publications C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E c 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T f6J 161
Permission granted to reproduce for dassroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 4-A Name -------------------------Grade -----Date _________ _
Playing the Game Patrick put the game controller down and turned on the television. He clicked through the channels and (cry, hurry, saw) nothing interesting. He couldn't believe it, (more, but, name) he was bored with his games (and, no, hunt) television. The voices and laughter from (pie, thank, upstairs) drifted down. o
The rest of the (family, ladder, above) was playing a board game. He (landed, thought, bottle) the game was silly, so he (said, mail, thing) s he didn't want to play. Instead, (their, have, he) went down the basement by himself (enough, step, to) play video games. 10
Taking a deep (hall, breath, baby), he decided he would go upstairs 11
(to, for, toast) see what they were doing. Maybe (yet, the, fan) game 12
wasn't as silly as he (thought, shouted, lunch). n When he reached the dining room, (bowl, everybody, red) stopped for a moment. Then Aunt (pencil, Lydia, while) pulled an empty chair 15 to her (edge, make, side) and said, "Over here, Patrick. We (want, 16
drive, slow) you on our team." li
Before long, (clown, Patrick, tomorrow) understood why everyone 18
was laughing. The (game, money, teach) was challenging and fun. He 19
loved (for, paint, the) way everyone teased one another, and (he, their, 20
bone) felt proud when he answered a (radio, question, drove) right 21
and put his team ahead. 22
"(Stone, Way, Patrick), you are actually pretty good at (this, when, 23
candle) game. Have you ever played it (under, before, mean)?" asked his father. 25
Blushing a little, (Patrick, clothes, play) admitted he had played it 26
a (loud, few, air) times at school, but it was (near, join, never) this n
much fun. His aunt gave (cake, him, scare) a hug and said, "Well, we 2s
(don't, using, bell) care if you played before. We're (rocky, track, 2?
happy) you are on our team." 30
Number Correct ------ Number of Errors
162 $:1J C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H F N S I 0 N T E 5 T Copyright© 2008 by Academic Therapy
Penn ission granred ro reproduce for
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 4-B Name _ ___________ Grade __ Date _ _______ _
The Best Picture The picture was really funny. Sheri was sitting on a pony (earlier, outside, sweet) her grandmother's house. It was taken {when, those, shoe) she was about a year old. (Store, Bigger, Grandfather) was holding her so she wouldn't (answer, fall, hen) out of the saddle. Grandmother was (with, on, job) the other side of the horse (holding, suppose, never) its bridle. It was Sheri's favorite (step, stay, picture). "Do you remember when this picture (was, help, dish) taken, Dad?" she asked. "Of course (Them, I, Put) do. I took the picture." Sheri's (tree, drop, father) walked over to look at it (more, then, cold) closely. "Your grandparents certainly look happy (down, luck, in) that picture, don't they?" "Tell me (over, about, glove) that day again, Dad," asked Sheri. (She, Their, Boat) was too young to remember, but (that, she, ride) loved hearing about it. "Yes," said (it, sell, her) little brother, "tell us about the (hurt, pony, chase) picture." Rodney liked the story as (much, where, glass) as Sheri did. "Let me tell (yet, the, lamb) story," suggested Sheri's mother. "Your father (always, soon, trick) leaves out the good part." Mother (slept, leg, began) telling the story as she always (rest, did, skate). They drove to the farm where (Father, nail, pay) grew up. They had a picnic (since, coat, under) the tree behind the house. Grandfather (diving, brought, funny) a pony over and put Sheri (in, without, hear) the saddle. He and Grandmother posed (unless, with, push) Sheri and the pony. Father took (why, your, the) picture. Then Father asked everyone to (hold, climb, farm) still. He backed up to take (few, another, long) picture. As he walked backward, he (fell, have, mouth) into the pond, dropping the camera (early, old, just) before he did. And as always, (country, everyone, off) laughed, even Father. Number Correct ____ _ Number of Errors
2
3
17
18 I
19
I
20 '
21I : 22
23
24
25 1
26 1
27 1
28 29
Copyright © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T ttJJ 163
Permission granted to reproduce for classroorn use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 5-A
Name _ ____________ Grade. ___ Date ________ _
The Big Move It looked like a parade. People lined the streets, traffic was (stopped, splash, storm), and utility wires had been raised (untll, send, by) supporting them with tall poles. Police (waved, were, today) stationed at every intersection, and news (mountains, trucks, reached) were parked beside the street. A (reporter, cookie, wrong) stood on the street beside the (year, break, truck), microphone in hand. From far down (Main, crawled, spoon) Street came the sound of people (saved, clapping, another). It rolled up the street like (a, so, eat) wave, and soon everyone on the {basket, sidewalks, chase) could see the object of the (football, clip, applause). The applause wasn't for a parade, {but, his, city) for something much more exciting. The (wonder, Torrey, gave) House was being moved from its (kind, paper, original) site to a vacant lot in (red, the, draw) center of town. Ken held his (video, boat, around) camera as high as he could (over, after, take) his head while Mona talked into (why, an, for) audio recorder. They were capturing the (shady, came, big) move for their school's digital yearbook. "(Pick, River, Do) you really think you are getting (young, good, carry) pictures?" asked Mona. She had turned (off, at, chip) the recorder for a moment and (joined, looked, window) at Ken.
4 8
g!
10 11
12
13 ;
14 15
18
"I practiced this for (berry, tease, weeks)," answered Ken. "I took videos from 19
(where, girl, this) spot twice a week for a (river, month, please). I even marked the sidewalk with (shout, about, chalk) so I'd be standing in the (same, both, weigh) spot. After I took the video, {of, I, sit) looked it over to be sure (I, by, so) got the best angle. Don't worry, (her, bed, it) will be okay."
21
i
22
23
Mona rolled her (rope, eyes, high), turned on the recorder, and started (find, 24
talking, horse). Ken was right, of course. He (use, mop, had) planned their event 25;
for months, and (she, their, sea) was sure he knew what he (call, was, ride) doing. 26 :
She smiled as she spoke, (walk, fair, knowing) they were recording one of the (most, young, toy) important events in the history of {hard, give, their) town. Number Correct Number of Errors
27
28
164 {b C 0 R E REA D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M pRE H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T Copyright© 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications
Perntission granccd ro reproduce for classroom usc.
I I
I
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 5-B Name _____________ Grade. ___ Date _ _______ _
A Great Day The snow couldn't have been better. Peter stepped into the front binding (up, of, tag) his 2
snowboard and fastened the toe (pail, write, strap). Standing up, he pushed off with (his, sure, top) other foot and drifted into the (ship, line, plant) for the chairlift. 4
"Hey, Peter, are (who, cat, you) all set for an enormous day?" (asked, stood, fence) Stacy. 1 5
She glided up beside him (if, and, ten) pulled her goggles up onto her (noise, under, hat). 6
"This is the best snow of (so, the, dish) year," insisted Peter, "and we're supposed (to, at, 7
we) get more tomorrow. It's fabulous that (who, this, hurt) is our vacation week." s The two (under, light, of) them continued to talk as the (chairlift, ship, round) line 9
moved forward. It wasn't long (at, name, before) the two of them were waiting (not, for, week)
1 10
a chair. When it arrived, they (said, dropped, bottom) back slightly as the chair scooped 11
(them, why, feed) up and started moving toward the (fruit, stick, top) of the mountain. ; 12
As they neared (my, the, hit) summit, the two boarders turned slightly (in, until, hat) I
13
the chair to prepare for getting (as, off, cry). When the surface of the snow (was, parted,
1
14
this) close enough, they stood up on (girl, and, their) boards and pushed away from the 15
(pony, lift, rush). 16
"Let's drop into the sunny side (of, so, pig) the bowl and make a few (woods, black, , 17
turns) to warm up before we head (down, after, cover) to the terrain park," suggested Stacy.
1
1s
"(When, That, Start) sounds pretty good," agreed Peter. "While (to, move, we) were on 19
the lift, I saw (Sarah, bell, middle) and her brothers heading that way. (Plant, Story, Maybe) 2o
we can catch up with them." 21
(Try, Mad, The) two of them scooted down a (hardly, nearby, fright) slope and then 22
came to a (stop, wing, cry). They sat on the snow and (strapped, neared, real) in the other 23
boot. Using the (dance, angle, warm) of the slope to help them (wave, stand, aunt) up, they , 24
rose and made a (sat, ship, few) slow turns. Spotting Sarah and her (present, brothers, winter)' 25
a few hundred yards down the (hill, pen, drop), they headed almost scraighr down the 26
(mountain, pocket, number), looking forward to a great day (from, mth, bird) good friends. , 27
Number Correct Number of Errors
Copyrighr © 2008byAcademicThcrnpyPublicarions CORE READING MAZ E COMPREH ENSION TES T $:n 165
Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 6-A Name ___________ _ _ Grade ___ Date ________ _
Not So Boring Sighing deeply, Jill sat on the bench in the park. A few of her school friends (been, were, 2
scent) lounging on the grass. Spending time (in, off, shy) the park was something they did 3
(floor, ruler, almost) every evening during the summer, and (green, tonight, course), they 4
were waiting for a local (DJ, bat, fear) to put on some music. 5
"This (bird, fact, town) is so boring," said Jill, and (next, most, pine) of the others 6
agreed, adding that (there, else, case) was nothing to do other than (wish, cow, hang) out in 7
the park. B
"I don't (know, plan, spill)," suggested Larry, "how about hiking to (ran, the, fold) top of 9
the cliff? We all (call, harm, like) to do that, and what about (name, tonight, blaze)? We're 10
going to get to dance (to, up, bud) music that we picked out." 11
Rita (think, flower, nodded) her head and smiled. "The best (miss, hike, belt) is the 12
one we take after (the, sit, cart) last day of school. "What about (catch, dark, rafting) down 13
the river? I think that's (open, even, while) better than hiking the cliff, and (it's, lines, age) 14
a lot easier. Besides, our parents (step, wait, neat) for us and have a picnic (sadly, throat, 15
afterward)." 16
Almost everyone agreed with Rita except (every; wear, Gary), who argued for cross-country 17
skiing across (less, the, bay) lake. "Skiing across Lake Washington is (something, party, hold) 18
that most people have never done. (Toe, I, Cab) love calling my cousin in Texas (and, why, 19
top) telling her how much fun it (bow, lap, is) every time we do it." 20
By (if, now, tie), Jill was rethinking her comment. "Okay, (under, argue, maybe) this isn't 21
as boring a place (as, so, cane) I suggested. After all, we're only (hot, a, side) few hours from 22
New York City, (low, dart, and) all of us have taken the (bus, air, main) there with our 23
parents. Remember when (those, ugly, we) went in for that ice-skating show? (Above, From, 24
Seem) now on, when I do that (logged, room, boring) thing, maybe you should remind me 25
(to, in, as) think before I start complaining." 26
Number Correct of Errors
166 tlJJ C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M p R E H E N S 1 0 N T E S T Copyrighr ©zoos by Academic Therapy Publications Permission granred to reproduce for classroom use.
c
c
p
II
• J
• I
I
I
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 6-B Name _____________ Grade. ___ Date ________ _
The Morning News As he walked in from of the camera, Matthew felt a little nervous. Even though this was 2
just the (school, cold, ever) news broadcast, he was still worried. (To, Add, He) didn't like speaking in from of (cover, groups, joke), and now he would be speaking (almost, in, sun) 4
front of thousands of people. He (wouldn't, paint, song) see them, but they could see (by, 5
ship, him). 6
The school news broadcast was an (deer, idea, weigh) that started two years ago. A 7
(dean, need, few) students and the technology teacher thought (of, or, hop) the idea while s
watching the local (deer, news, cloud). They decided a show that reported (the, wet, hello) 9
news for their school and town (reach, full, would) be interesting to other students and 10
(own, the, hair) people in the town. The students' (spin, your, news) broadcast was soon 11
showing on the (school, line, belong) network and the local cable system. 12
(Ticket, Students, Brave) in the school took turns doing (the, why, lion) jobs needed to 13
make the broadcast. (Where, Hold, Each) student signed up for several jobs, (to, and, like) 14
names were selected at random for (each, then, ring) job. The newer students received 15
training (off, read, from) more experienced students. Over the past (sleepy, two, paint) years, 16
every student in the school (had, show, thin) been part of the broadcast. 17
Catherine (hide, table, was) the director of today's show. She (sinks, hurried, soft) 1
s around, getting things in order, including (showing, easier, long) Matthew where to sit. She 19
could (wag, big, see) he was a little nervous, so (bit, she, glad) tried to help him feel more 20
(secretly, garden, confident). "You always do a wonderful job (when, around, spot) we make 21
1
presentations in class, so (you, than, past) won't have any problems," she said. (Who, Stay, 22
Their) teacher agreed and helped straighten out (jokes, Matthew's, painted) collar and tie 23
while they were (waiting, sleepy, deeper) for the broadcast to begin. 24 ,
Everyone (began, clock, walked) away from the desk where Matthew (thought, sat, doll), 25
and the spotlight came on. He (tripped, magic, cleared) his throat, waited for Catherine's 26 '
signal, (and, with, bark) then began speaking. "Good morning, everybody. (Why, This, 27
Smell) is Matthew, and I'm today's morning (log, news, swing) reporter." 28
Number Correct of Errors
Copyright© 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications C 0 R E READ 1 N G MAzE C 0 M pRE HENS I 0 N TEST ftn 167
Permission S'""nred to reproduce for classroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 7 -A
Name --------------------Grade Date ________ _
The People at the Top of the Hill
Tamara wondered about the people who lived at the top of the hill. She saw them every once in (a, is, red) while in town, and they seemed (youngest, interesting, listen) in an 3
unusual way. The man (rode, lied, bear) his bike almost everywhere, and when (part, cook, 4
he) brought the car to town, he (ready, always, office) had two dogs with him. The (block, 5
woman, little) worked at the hospital, and every (once, now, keep) in a while Tamara would 6
see (for, sky, her) running on Saturday morning. 7
"George, what (red, do, glad) you know about the people who (live, carry, short) in the 8
old Stevens place?" Tamara (asked, was, foot) tying the laces of her athletic (kinds, play, 9
shoes) in preparation for an afternoon training (bird, run, want) with her friend. 10
"Not much," answered (George, diver, shiny), who was leaning against a tree (sit, and, 11 •
us) stretching. "He rides his bicycle everywhere, (over, pond, even) in the most dreadful · 12 .
weather, and (at, I, if) think he's some kind of scientist (save, fly, and) does research at the 13 .
university. She (arm, dish, is) a big deal at the hospital, (maybe, today, rider) even the 14
president or whatever they (join, call, warm) the person who is the boss." 15
"(Let's, Fix, Joke) run up the hill and take (if, a, or) look at their place," suggested 16
Tamara, (drink, adding, chair), "we have to do more hill (running, skate, spring) anyway." 17
The hill was steeper than (trip, band, they) thought, and they were breathing roo (hard, 18
end, rest) to talk until they reached the (game, going, Hat) part at the top. As they (snowed, 19
slowed, without) down, a voice behind them said, "(That, Him, Oven) hill doesn't leave 20
much breath for (cooked, talking, shop), does it?" 21 ·
A man on a (money, laugh, bicycle) pulled up beside them, breathing much (long, more, 22 ·
sign) easily than anyone should have after (a, if, to) climb like that. Before the two (at, spin, 23 1
of) them could say a word, the (cage, man, cross) added, "Come on up to the (fruit, house, 24 .
felt). You can get a drink of (leaf, tiny, water) and then run down with my (wife, sled, cook) 25
You two are training for the (loud, state, draw) cross-country championships, right? I don't 26
read (minds, wishes, shut), I just recognize you from the (deep, sports, point) page of the 27
papers." 28
With that, (he, on, pick) sped ahead of them, and the (stormy, jump, two) runners 29
couldn't wait to meet his (wife, ranch, green) and find out more about the (classes, people, 30 :
pretty) at the top of the hill. 31
Number Correct Number of Errors
c
c
c:
168 /,b C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T Copyrighc © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications ==
Permission gran red w reproduce for classroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 7 -B Name ______ _____ __ Grade ___ Date ________ _
The Islanders
The ferry slowly pulled into the dock on the island. Mrer it stopped and was tied (recently; 2
whisper, securely), a few cars and dozens of (quarters, between, passengers) left the ferry and 3
headed to (except, wherever, yellow) they were going on the island. (As, By, Our) soon as 4
they had cleared the (ferry; balloon, bright), a few cars and some foot (snowshoe, written, s passengers) from the island got aboard the (kitchen, ferry; music). 6
Among the passengers were a group (so, use, of) students who traveled every day from 7
(why, the, cap) island to the mainland for school. (Not, Him, Far) enough people lived on 8
the island (to, it, tall) justifY building a school, so the (hunter, students, penny) crossed to 9
the mainland by ferry. (They, Such, Duck) were met at the dock by (if, leg, a) school bus 10
that took them the (than, help, rest) of the way. 11
The Islanders, as (when, they, drop) were often called, were admired by (most, slow, 12
nice) of the other students at the (teeth, being, school) because of their different style of 13
(life, world, able). There were only a few roads (as, win, on) the island, and almost all the , 14
(colors, cars, dogs) were parked beside the ferry dock. (Why; Fit, The) cars were used mostly 15
when people (smiled, went, roar) to the mainland or for emergencies. (Everyone, Princess, 16
Telephone), young and old alike, either walked (at, or, owl) used mountain bikes to get 17
around. 18
(A, In, Fly) second unusual thing about living on (what, the, log) island was the water 19
supply. There (nail, buy, was) no central source of water. Instead, (butter, people, empty) · 20
collected rainwater in big tanks. They (pumped, raked, night) it from the big tanks into . 21
(jumping, smaller, doctor) tanks where it was filtered and (hunted, began, purified) before 22
being used. Needless to say, (remember, conserving, presents) water was important to every-23
one on (the, ago, let) island. 24
The students who lived on (son, wear, the) island enjoyed their quiet life and (natural, 25
dancing, turtle) surroundings. They sometimes missed the things (when, cold, that) students 26
on the mainland rook for (leafed, granted, family). There were no movies or malls (up, on, 27
old) the island, and it was a (hammer, challenge, throwing) to be part of activities after 28
(school, minute, whistle). Their lives were defined by ferry (schedules, neighbor, bicycle), so 29
whenever they had a chance (if, to, way) do something with other students their (any; each, 30
age), they really enjoyed it. 31
Number Correct
Copyright © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications
Permission grnntcd to reproduce for dossroom use.
Number of Errors
CO RE READ ING MAZE COMPREHEN SION TE ST tlJJ 169
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 8-A Nrune ________________________ Grade. ______ Date ______________ __
Basketball Saturday On almost every Saturday morning, Henry and his friends did the same thing. As soon as there was enough (light, bridge, warm) to see, they met at the (nest, park, brown) near his house for a few (stares, games, knock) of basketball. Afterward, they went down (an, mud, to) the firehouse for a pancake breakfast. (About, When, Spot) Henry arrived at the park, Christie (was, land, few) already there. They were usually the (first, great, empty) to arrive, and the rest of (way, took, the) players
6
trickled in over the next (cloudy, fifteen, stopped) minutes. Christie was standing beside a B
(picnic, kitten, threw) table laying out enormous sheets of (soup, round, poster) paper. On 9
the paper were the (station, results, closer) of games that had been played (up, am, day) to 10
the current date. 11
The most (hungry; numbered, interesting) part of this basketball league was (some, that, 12
camp) every player was a member of (several, frightened, evening) reams. On the same 13
Saturday, each (circus, slowly, player) would be part of at least (sky, two, get) teams. 14
Although it sounds confusing, the (system, branch, already) worked well for a number of 15
(sounds, reasons, terrible). Everybody got to play on at (least, bounced, rocky) one winning 16
team. Players who weren't (if, bus, so) good were often on a team (down, with, ready) some 17
of the best players, and (paints, nights, players) never became angry with members of (the, 18
hot, face) other teams because they would eventually (if, put, be) on the same team as the 19
(others, changes, picked). 20
Henry helped Christie pur the poster (brother, string, paper) up on the bulletin board 21
near (are, the, wait) basketball court. If someone who didn't (ring, afraid, know) the system 22
looked at the team (cutting, standings, planted), they would think that hundreds of (players, 23 ·
footprints, answers) were involved. 24
"Your record keeping system (is, or, ate) very impressive," said a voice from (into, 25
behind, card) them. Henry and Christie turned to (bat, fill, see) one of the high school bas-26
ketball (breads, coaches, silver) behind them. She was a regular (visitor, haircut, widest) to 27
the Saturday morning games, as (ride, face, was) the coach of the boys' team. (Us, In, Lay) 28
addition to these coaches, some of (the, car, lion) parents often came to the games (try, and, 29
sure) joined the players for breakfast afterward. 30
(Day, Jar, All) of the players were a little (embarrassed, snowflake, mountain) to be playing 31
in front of (mouths, adults, closes), bur they also felt a sense (of, an, fun) pride. Over the 32
years, many of (rat, the, like) players from the Saturday league were (points, chosen, shade) 33
for the high school teams. Christie (bat, lake, and) Henry spent a few minutes talking (with, 34
since, well) the coach, and then they excused (anybody, themselves, frightened) when other 35
players started arriving. They (would, hurry, bumpy) warm up for a few minutes, (sea, give, 36 ,
and) then the first game of the (Saturday, ground, wonder) Morning Basketball League 37
would begin. 38
Number Correct Number of Errors --------
170 t;u C 0 R E R E A 0 I N G M A Z E C 0 M p R E H E N S
1 0 N T E S T Copyrighr © 2008 by Academic Therap)' Publications
Permission granted ro reproduce for classroom usc.
c
c:
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 8-B Name _ _ _ __________ Grade ___ Date ________ _
The Perfect Trip The bus climbed to the top of the hill and made a sharp left turn. Everyone on the bus caught a (chuckle, glimpse, sighing) of one of the most spectacular (sights, crowd, become) they would ever experience. Before them (tear, bow, lay) the sea, glistening in the sunlight. 4
(But, Sir, The) rocky coast here tumbled below them (with, for, tea) hundreds of feet. On the 5
other (side, note, cause) was a sheer cliff rising for (a, if, to) thousand feet. 6
The students were on (on, a, by) class trip to Europe, something that (speak, damp, none) 7
of them could have imagined. They (act, milk, had) entered a contest to come up (down, 8 ·
with, stuff) a practical solution to a problem (up, lap, in) their area, and their submission had 9
(been, speak, cellar) the national winner. The solution they (exercised, developed, passenger) · 10
and implemented was so simple that (they, sank, best) couldn't believe no one had done (am, 11
it, jet) before. 12
The students had requested that (the, why, beg) town council let them adopt a (holiday, 13
borrow, network) of connected sidewalks. They would turn (the, map, lie) sidewalks into 14
multiuse paths that led (or, to, mix) the busiest parts of town, including (was, shy, the) ' 15
schools. With relatively little expense, the (carvings, sidewalks, certain) became attractive and ; 16
safe places for (rewards, charged, walkers), skaters, and boarders. A bicycle lane (was, for, air) i 17
j
marked on the road beside each (it, pan, of) the sidewalks, and parking was restricted (am, to, ! 18
not) the other side of the street. 19
(Under, Catch, Within) a matter of months, something remarkable (had, feed, swim) 20
happened in the town. The number (her, of, all) cars had diminished considerably, and the 21
(basket, number, shape) of walkers had increased more than (tonight, bring, anyone) had 22
imagined. Downtown no longer had (traffic, minute, engine) congestion and parking . 23
problems, but it (dry, fire, was) busier than ever because more people (were, fish, box) 24
walking. Even the school buses had (shopped, changed, spring) their routes and no longer : 25
came (but, zoo, all) the way to school. They stopped (unless, cover, instead) at a parking area 26
several blocks (away, when, swim). Students walked the rest of the (bed, way, cow) to school 27
on the multiuse path. 28
(Just, Been, When) they heard they had won the (contest, light, silly), the students in the · 29
class had (if, add, a) unanimous vote and decided to do (a, to, nap) tour of some towns in 30 .
Europe. (Or, It, Pat) was these towns, with a long (kitchen, history, welcome) of walking and 31
convenient public transportation, (leaf, deck, that) had been the inspiration for their Oourney, 32
project, disappear). They couldn't think of a better (straw, nearly, place) to take a vacation ; 33
and see (at, in, job) person where their ideas had come (from, past, dust). 34
Number Correct Number of Errors
Copyright© 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T Jl:JJ 171
Permission granted ro reproduce for dassroom use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 9-A Name ___________ __ Grade ____ Date ________ _
A Circle of Friends The wagon train had reached the foothills of the mountains. Rather than attempting 2
to begin rhe (grinning, uphill, package) climb with fading daylight, the wagon (master, 3
harness, elevator) decided to make camp for the (pitch, mail, night). 4
With the rest of the families, (the, how, flat) Wilsons maneuvered their wagon into a s (leader, fortune, circle), a formation that was the traditional (body, way, older) for travelers 6
in the West to (suppose, protect, flower) themselves. In addition to providing a (line, floor, 7
call) of defense against enemies from the (outside, anywhere, narrow), the circle of wagons s created a (sailor, sense, purple) of community for the families, if (while, fold, only) for a 9
night. It was almost (as, or, pot) if they were within the walls (be, of, tug) a small town, with 10
a bonfire (letter, burning, searched) in the middle and people wandering (around, above, 11
lesson) making small talk with one another. 12
(Sugar, Scatter, Abby) finished her chores and asked her (brook, mother, scratch) if she n could walk among the (hanging, other, crown) wagons. With her regular warning to (be, off, 14
herd) careful and stay inside the circle (as, of, shy) wagons, Mother approved her request. 15
Abby's (mirror, wiggle, father) smiled and winked at her, having (much, fine, post) more 16
confidence in her judgment than (why, dot, her) mother did. 17
As she wandered from (route, speed, wagon) to wagon exchanging greetings, Abby 18
was (folding, joined, reason) by a few other young people (eager, giant, forget) to have l9 ·
something to do other (what, than, fail) chores. It wasn't long before a (group, rule, learn) 20
of a dozen or so was (batted, sharp, sitting) by the central bonfire sharing their (shelves, ,
21
thoughts, possible) about what would happen the following (comb, stir, day). 22
"The mountains seem unbelievably high," suggested (Martin, judge, stretch), "and from 23
here, there seems to (an, ice, be) no obvious way to cross them." 24
"(Father, Fellow, Squeak) promised me that there is a (beast, pass, must) that is difficult , 25
but not dangerous (when, heat, this) time of year," replied Abby. "It (will, lose, spray) take 26
us several days to reach (were, the, fog) summit." 27
"Has anyone considered the difficulty (do, owl, of) the walk that lies ahead of (in, us, 28
ear)?" wondered Susan. "Have any of us (attempted, circled, glances) to scale mountains 29
this high?" 3o
William (handled, plenty, laughed), and looking around at the other (teenagers, someone, 31
sandwich), said confidently, "We've walked for a (delighted, thousand, adventure) miles in 32
the last few months, (are, lip, so) I don't think the mountains will (be, up, seal) much of a ; 33
challenge. The real (vegetable, matter, difficulty) will lie beyond the summit when (to, we, 34
fold) are going downhill. Who will restrain (the, was, hour) horses and the wagons?" 35
With that, (meadows, understand, everyone) laughed and rose to their feet. (It, Web, Net) was a pleasant moment before an (evening, traveling, ascent) that would undoubtedly be the hardest (drip, part, cave) of their journey. Number Correct ----- of Errors
36
37 i
38
17Z {tD C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A Z E C 0 M P R E H ENS I 0 N T EST Copyright © 2008 b y Academic Therap Publications Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
c
c
c
r ...
c ...
c
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 9-B Name _____________ Grade. ___ Date ________ _
A Strange Place to Practice The beach wasn't very crowded because the weather was horrible. A few people bundled up in (out, pat, bad) weather gear were fishing in the (surf, dress, avoid). They must have been very uncomfortable, (belonging, considering, bracelet) the crashing waves, the low temperature, (and, for, hunt) the blowing wind. Snuggling into her (apartment, raincoat, puppet), Joanne wondered what motivated
2
3 4
6
8
people to (it, be, fan) so dedicated to something that seemed (important, awfully, whisper) unrewarding. She almost never saw anyone (catch, guess, early) a fish, they were out in (light, drwn, every) kind of weather, and they were (almost, slowly, piece) always alone. Every time ' 9
she came (he, win, to) this section of beach, day or (bird, night, slide), at least one person was 10
fishing (from, bake, hall) the shore or the jetty of (edge, listen, rocks) that reached several hundred yards into (the, man, roof) ocean. About ten minutes later, Joanne (backed, reached, bravest) the jetty and scrambled up some (huge, slow, stop) rocks to the relatively flat part (on, if, rag) top. She stepped carefully from rock (to, be, sing) rock until she reached the far (mill, tired, end) of the jetty. Several of her (lower, friends, across) were already there, sitting with their (backs, wave, drink) to the driving rain. They greeted {when, her, soon) as warmly as possible, given the (bundle, conditions, haystack), and made room for her to (sit, pole, plan) among them. "Whoever had the brilliant (shadow, stove, idea) to have rehearsal for the school (note,
11
12 ·13 14 15 16
17
18
19
play, wipe) here should be thrown out of (the, won, hug) drama club," she suggested. Pausing 20
a (finger, moment, brushed) for effect, she added, "Oh, it (she, pea, was) my idea, so I guess I 21
(earn, should, short) be banned from the club, meaning (I, of, as) can return home." 22
As she pretended (up, to, in) get up and leave the gathering, (health, decide, Daniel) 23
grumbled, "Not on your life." He (alarmed, throat, shifted) a bit to find a more (comfortable, 24
astonished, growling) position and insisted, "Nobody gets to (squeeze, plain, leave) under any . 25
circumstances, especially the genius (saw, who, rob) suggested this location." · 26
"Actually, this is (a, or, say) pretty good location to rehearse, considering (wet, the, curl) 27
play is about a shipwreck in (stormy, managed, growl) weather," argued Elizabeth. "The ' 28
weather should (trade, cave, help) us get into our roles more (disappointed, thoroughly, 29
cardboard)." , 30
The rain slowed down and then (bundled, stopped, hollow), although the wind continued 31
to blow. (The, Why, Bed) six of them pulled their scripts (they, from, flow) under their coats 32
and formed a (circle, visitor, lovely). As they did, Joanne began to (blossom, careless, · 33
understand) a little better what motivated the (space, people, steer) who were fishing. Despite · 34
the weather, (this, why, bead) was a beautiful spot, especially if (dog, paid, you) were doing 35
something that interested you. 36
Number Correct -----Number of Errors -----
Copyright © zoos
by Academic Therapy Publications ( 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E 5 T $JJ 173
Permission granted ro reproduce for dassroon1 use.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension 10-A Name _____________ Grade. ____ Date ________ _
Their First Century The sound of so many riders clicking into bicycle pedals took Madeleine by (surprise, weather, clean). She had always ridden alone or (unless, with, wall) a few friends, and she never (called, realized, gone) that when hundreds of riders started (at, card, up), the sound would be both unusual (and, for, cop) satisfYing. 5
This was Madeleine's first century, (shy, top, the) name given to a hundred mile (hope, 6
ride, hand). She was riding with her cousin, (hill, crow, Luke), to raise money for cancer research. (They, Hers, Cold) had raised more than a thousand (noise, dollars, stare) each s
in pledges from friends, family (bench, threw, members), and neighbors. Now they had to 9
(look, bread, earn) the pledges by actually completing the (bark, ride, king), an accomplishment 10
that neither of them (had, pump, save) ever attempted before. 11
Doing the ride (use, was, dive) Luke's idea, and he had to (do, hurt, early) some serious 12
convincing to get Madeleine (of, bat, to) agree to participate. He took the (lead, creek, rest) 13
in training for the ride, but (them, it, we) wasn't long before Madeleine became enthusiastic 14
(about, beside, aim) cycling. Her parents bought her a (new, kind, form) bicycle, which she 15
was due for (either, anyway, lost), and she used her allowance to (leak, bill, get) some new 16
cycling clothes and shoes. (Yet, The, Feel) shoes took a while to get (used, saw, apple) to 17
because they had cleats on (but, roll, the) bottom that clipped into the pedals (of, up, air) 18
her new bike. Her greatest fear (use, hay, was) forgetting to unclick when they came (up, to, · 19
our) a traffic signal, but so far, (us, rag, she) had avoided this embarrassment. 20
The first (desk, cluster, begin) of riders started to pedal, and (each, chair, joke) successive 21
group followed along. Madeleine and (Plant, Watch, Luke) were in the middle of the (all, 22
pack, bird) and waited for a moment to (allow, sing, piece) the riders ahead of them to 23
(jump, get, bath) a few yards away before starting (yet, fog, up). They were both surprised at 24
the (sign, after, tingle) of exhilaration they experienced as they (fed, joined, lion) the other 25
riders, and it wasn't (long, how, pony) before they were pedaling at the (cruising, buy, take) 26
pace for which they had trained. 27
(Less, House, As) the miles passed, Madeleine and Luke (wrote, made, cheer) dozens of 28
new friends. Neither of (he, them, want) had ever thought about how much (bus, pie, time) 29
they would have to chitchat with (the, or, fear) other riders, but when you have (a, it, ran) , 30
hundred miles to cover on a (stone, bicycle, decide), there's a lot of conversation going (on, 31
long, open). 32
By late afternoon, all the cyclists (hike, lion, were) feeling exhausted, yet none gave the 33
(wider, slightest, visitor) thought to dropping out of the (gold, need, ride). As they reached 34
the crest of (the, hard, mean) last hill, Madeleine and Luke caught (hat, sight, enjoy) of 35
the finish area a few (grab, frown, downhill) miles away. Their families would be (hunt, 36
gathered, reason) to greet them and they began (the, hole, dot) descent to the finish. The 37
cousins (mailed, sister, had) no doubt that they would remember (but, this, pole) day for the 38
rest of their (lives, ship, almost). 39
Number Correct -----Number of Errors
174 ;bJ C 0 R E R E A D I N G M A ZE C 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N TE S T Copyright © zoos by Academic Therapy Publications Permission granred to reproduce fo r classroom usc.
CORE Reading Maze Comprehension lOB Name _____________ Grade ____ Date ________ _
College Girl "Do any of you have exciting plans for the summer vacation?" asked Mark. He and several 2
of his friends (throw, bench, were) wandering along the embankment beside the (reservoir, astronaut, contented), one of their favorite recreational walks. 4
(Doubt, Linda, Flavor) was about to make her announcement (when, those, firm) Kate 5
blurted out, "You won't believe (such, grape, this), but I managed to get a (jingle, position, 6
gradual) at the hospital. I'm going to (be, at, kit) kind of an assistant to any (up, of, ice) the 7
professional staff who need me, (mostly, slowly, groan) physicians and administrators. The s position description (exchanges, favorite, suggests) that I'll probably be doing recordkeeping 9
(and, who, fact) carrying documents from one location to (everything, another, difficult). I 10
submitted my application last year, (down, clue, but) they said I was too young." 11
"(Why, That, Size) sounds interesting, especially because you want (of, sun, to) be a 12
physician eventually," suggested Linda. "(This, When, Cost) will you start?" ; 13
"Approximately two weeks (after, upon, free) school finishes, so I'll have some (pool, lose, 14
time) to visit my aunt and uncle (in, with, ink) California," responded Kate. She glanced at 15
(hive, crown, Linda) and asked, "Didn't you say you (load, meal, had) some remarkable 16
inspiration for the summer?" 17
(Under, Before, Giant) Linda could say anything, Steve answered, "(My, Is, Dip) brother 18
invited me to spend the (reason, summer, imagine) with him at the lake. He's (print, beard, 19
renting) a condominium there while he completes (his, they, tip) research internship for the 20
university. I'll (loudly; probably, tunnel) work as a lifeguard and spend (has, the, pale) remainder 21
of my time training for (do, net, the) rowing team." 22
As soon as Steve (drifting, finished, bunch), Linda muttered rapidly she (could, spill, . 23
porch), "All of you should be in (bad, the, hose) fast talking friends association. I can't (sew, age, 24
get) a word in, and I really (have, paid, dust) some big news: I'm starting college." (For, The, · 25
Mad) entire group suddenly came to a (gift, copy, halt), mrned to Linda, and looked at (her, why, 26
rug) quizzically. Almost in unison, they said (or, rip, in) a questioning tone, "Starting college?" 27
With (a, to, fog) tinge of pride in her voice, (arrow, Linda, wink) answered, "The 28
community college has a (roomy, danger, special) program for high school students who (rule, 29
have, path) earned good grades in advanced placement (courses, shore, upper). I can take 30
introductory courses in (struggle, mathematics, pleasant), language, chemistry, and other 31
subjects where (I, if, ran) have the required qualifications. These are (cup, hat, all) courses that 32
I'll have to take (at, no, old) matter where I attend college, so (it, or, pin) will save me time and 33
money (am, in, she) the long run. Besides, when I (cut, sip, get) to college full time, I'll be (able, 34
clean, suit) to take more advanced courses or (smooth, optional, balcony) courses in subjects in 35
which I'm (interested, whirled, afterward)." 36
When she stopped to take a (wheel, breath, twist), everyone began bombarding her with 37
questions (and, for, tray) expressed their admiration for what she (let, tub, was) planning. Kate · 38
even called her college (sour, girl, tore). 39
Number Correct -----Number of Errors
Copyright © 2008 by Academic T herapy Publicacions C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z
E ( 0 M p R E H E N 5 1 0 N T E S T
Permi:ssion granted to reproduce for cb ssroom use_
16 175
E
CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION KEY c
t•
2-A 2-B 3-A 3-B
Line Line t
3 the 3 hopped 3 her 3 kites 5 the 4 mother onto 4 she a r
6 place He 5 move 5 brother 6 kite 7 who 6 rabbit 6 first 7 an t
9 hello 7 whispered 7 brother 8 fish 10 was books 9 have 8 the their 9 lt 11 would 10 if 9 but 10 Uncle told
12 show 11 By 10 would 11 wind 13 would 12 garden over 11 four away ... ...
14 two 13 pretty 12 of seats 14 had 15 Mrs. 14 rabbit 13 few 15 before She ..
16 tapped 14 Martha
16 always today and 17 Ted to 15 but hold ..
18 with the 18 hopping 16 the When string
19 Ted 19 the 17 as moment ..
20 Then 20 big sniffed 18 Martha walk air the 1!!!111
21 cart 22 you 19 can 22 high ..
23 said 21 I 23 asked -
22 I 24 Marian 23 without the 25 thing ...
25 said 26 in 26 all ..
176 J1:JJ CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION TEST Copyright © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications
Permission gran red ro reproduce for classroom use.
CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION KEY
= 4-A 4-B 5-A 5-B
Line Line Line Line 3 saw 3 outside when 2 stopped 2 of 4 but 4 Grandfather 3 by 3 strap his 5 and 5 fall on 4 were 4 line
6 upstairs 6 holding 5 trucks reporter 5 you asked 7 family 7 picture 6 truck 6 and hat
= 8 thought said 8 was 7 Main 7 the to
9 he 10 I 8 clapping a 8 this 10 to 11 father more 9 sidewalks 9 of chairlift
12 11 breath in 10 applause but 10 before for
= 12 to the 13 about She 11 Torrey 11 dropped 13 thought 14 she 12 original the 12 them top 14 everybody 16 her pony 13 video over the In
15 Lydia 17 much 14 an 14 off was 16 side want 18 the 15 big 15 their
18 Patrick 19 always 16 Do good 16 lift 19 game 20 began did 17 off 17 of
20 the he 21 Father 18 looked 18 turns down 21 question 22 under brought 19 weeks 19 That we 23 Patrick this 23 m 20 this month 20 Sarah Maybe 24 before 24 with 21 chalk same 22 The nearby 26 Patrick 25 the hold 22 I I 23 stop strapped
26 27 few never another 23 it 24 angle stand 28 him 27 fell 24 eyes 25 few brothers
::1 29 don't 28 just everyone 25 talking had 26 hill 30 happy 26 she was 27 mountain with
:::1 27 knowing 28 most their
::I
:::1
::s
Copyright«:> 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications
CO RE READ ING MAZE COMP RE HEN SION TE ST $:n 177
Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION KEY
6-A 6-B 7-A 7-B Line Line Line 2 3 school He 3 . . were a mteresnng securely passengers 3 m 4 groups m 4 rode 4 wherever As 4 almost tonight 5 wouldn't 5 he always ferry 5 DJ 6 him 6 woman once 6 passengers ferry 6 town most 7 idea 7 her 7 of 7 there hang 8 few of 8 do live 8 the Not 9 know the 9 news the 9 asked to stud ems 10 like tonight 10 would 10 shoes run 10 They a
11 to 11 the news 11 George and 11 rest •
12 nodded hike 12 school 12 even they most 13 the rafting 13 Students the 13 I and school I
14 even it's 14 Each and 14 IS maybe 14 life on 15 wait 15 each 15 call cars The 16 afterward 16 from two 16 Let's a went Everyone 17 Gary 17 had 17 adding runmng 17 or
\W
18 the something 18 was hurried 18 they hard 19 A the •
19 I and 19 showing 19 flat 20 was people 1
20 IS 20 see she 20 slowed That 21 pumped 21 now maybe 21 confident when 21 talking 22 smaller purified 22 as a 22 you 22 bicycle more 23 conservmg '
23 and bus 23 Their Matthew's 23 a 24 the 24 we From 24 wamng 24 of man house 25 the natural 25 boring 25 walked sat 25 water wife 26 that 26 to 26 cleared 26 state 27 granted on
"' 27 and This 27 minds sports 28 challenge 28 news 29 he two 29 school schedules 30 wife people 30 to 31 age
178 C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M p R E H E N S I O N T F S T Copyright© 2008 by Academic Therap;·
Permission gram:ed ro reproduce for dassroo:n
== CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION KEY
== = 8-A 8-B 9-A 9-B
Line Line Line
= 3 light park 3 glimpse sights 3 uphill master 3 bad surf 4 games 4 lay 4 night 4 considering
= 5 to 5 The for 5 the 5 and 6 When was 6 side a 6 circle way 6 ratncoat 7 first the 7 a none 7 protect line be awfully
== 8 fifteen 8 had 8 outside 8 catch 9 ptcmc poster 9 with m 9 sense only 9 every almost
== 10 results up 10 been developed 10 as of 10 to night 12 interesting that 11 they 11 burning around 11 from rocks
= 13 several 12 It 13 Abby mother 12 the 14 player two 13 the 14 other be 13 reached
= 15 system 14 network the 15 of 14 huge on 16 reasons least 15 to the 16 father much 15 to end 17 so with 16 sidewalks 17 her 16 friends backs
== 18 players the 17 walkers was 18 wagon 17 her
= 19 be 18 of to 19 joined eager 18 conditions sit 20 others 20 Within had 20 than group 19 idea 21 paper 21 of 21 sitting 20 play the
= 22 the know 22 number anyone 22 thoughts day 21 moment was 23 standings players 23 traffic 23 Martin 22 should I 25 lS 24 was were 24 be 23 to Daniel
26 behind see 25 changed 25 Father pass 24 shifted
= 27 coaches VlSttor 26 all instead 26 this will comfortable 28 was In 27 away way the 25 leave
= 29 the and 29 When contest 28 of us 26 who
31 All embarrassed 30 a a 29 attempted 27 the
= 32 adults of 31 It history 31 laughed teenagers 28 stormy 33 the chosen 32 that 32 thousand 29 help thoroughly 34 and with 33 project place 33 so be 31 stopped
:::1 35 themselves 34 m from 34 difficulty we 32 The from
36 would 35 rhe 33 circle 37 and .Saturday 36 everyone It 34 understand
::I 37 ascent people 38 part 35 this you
::I
::1 ---
Copyright © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publicarions CORE REA DING MAZE COMP REH ENSION TEST tln 179
Permission granted to reproduce for dassroom use.
CORE READING MAZE COMPREHENSION KEY
10-A 10-B
Line Line 2 surpnse 3 were reservou 3 with 5 Linda when 4 realized up 6 this position
5 and 7 be of 6 the 8 mostly 7 ride Luke 9 suggests 8 They dollars 10 and another 9 members 11 but 10 earn ride 12 That to 11 had 13 When 12 was do 14 after 13 to lead 15 time lll
14 it 16 Linda had 15 about new 18 Before My 16 anyway get 19 summer 17 The used 20 rennng his 18 the of 21 probably the 19 was to 22 the 20 she 23 finished could 21 cluster each 24 the 22 Luke 25 get have 23 pack allow The 24 get up 26 halt her 25 tingle joined 27 in 26 long crmsmg 28 a Linda 28 As made 29 special 29 them nme 30 have courses 30 the a 31 mathematics 31 bicycle on 32 I all 33 were no it 34 slightest ride lll get able 35 the sight 35 optional 36 downhill 36 interested 37 gathered the breath 38 had this 38 and was 39 lives girl
180 C 0 R E R E A D 1 N G M A z E C 0 M p R E H E N 5 I 0 N T E S T © 2008 by Academic Therapy Publications Permtsston granted ro reproduce for classroom use.
Created Date
4/23/2013 4:37:25 PM
| msmarco_doc_00_16960095 | ||
http://212areacode.com/ | Buy a 212 Area Code Phone Number & Port to Any Carrier |
Brand Yourself
With a 212
Phone Number
Featured in The NY Times, WSJ & CNN
Select and pay
Receive info
account information
Get started
Shop Now
Business
Custom
Exclusive
Standard
Business
Custom
Exclusive
Standard
Business
Custom
Exclusive
Wireless
VoIP
Virtual
Landline
| Buy a 212 Area Code Phone Number & Port to Any Carrier
Brand Yourself
With a 212
Phone Number
Featured in The NY Times, WSJ & CNN
Buy and get a New York City, Manhattan 212 area code phone number for your business, cell phone, VoIP & Google Voice
SHOP NOW
HOW IT WORKS
Select and pay
Select and pay for your new phone number.
Receive info
Receive account info by
email
account information
Provide account information
to your phone carrier
Get started
Start making and receiving
calls
Shop Now
Business
Class 212 Number
$150 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Custom
212 Phone Number
$500 & UP
Customize Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Exclusive
Class 212 Number
$750 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Standard
Random 212 Number
$125 -
Add to cart
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Business
Class 212 Number
$150 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Custom
212 Phone Number
$500 & UP
Customize Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Exclusive
Class 212 Number
$750 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Standard
Random 212 Number
$125 -
Add to cart
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Business
Class 212 Number
$150 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Custom
212 Phone Number
$500 & UP
Customize Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Exclusive
Class 212 Number
$750 & UP
Shop Now
One-time Fee
Very Easy to remember
Port to any Carrier
Use for Business or Personal
Great for Business & Marketing
Randomly Assigned Number
Pick Number from List
Customize last 4 digits
Wireless
You may port a 212 number to any wireless carrier no matter where you’re located
VoIP
You may port a 212 number to any VoIP carrier you prefer no matter where you’re located
Virtual
You can port a 212 number to any Virtual Number service including Google Voice, Sideline and Twilio as well as many more
Landline
You may port any 212 number to a landline carrier only in Manhattan
Buying the new number was a good experience. Porting the new number through Google Voice web site was a bit more challenging, but if you attempt to port the # while 212 help is live via Chat, you should get through the Google voice porting process with relative ease. Tip - Have a printout of the Porting directions 212 provides next to you when attempting the porting process. Success is in the details, and the details are in the directions! So keep the directions handy and you probably won't need to chat with 212's help, although help was a good experience.
James , Saddle River, NJ Customer
I had a great experience with 212areacode.com, and I am glad I chose to use them rather than any of the offerings on ebay, because I was able to see the whole number on offer, choose one I like, and have the details delivered by email the same day.I was particularly impressed with the follow-up service I received making for a quick and painless porting experience, even after the sale had already been made, and I wouldn't hesitate to recommend this to anybody who asks me how I got my number!
Patrick
Within two hours I had successfully purchased and ported my 212 exchange. The clarity of the website and approachable staff at 212areacode.com made the transaction easy. My new number recaptures the NY I remember from my childhood…my hometown.
John
Delivered as advertised. What impressed me most was the speed and efficiency. From start to finish I’d reckon it took 3 hours and about only 15 minutes with my actual cell phone provider. Good job!!!
Charles Kay
Excellent service I bought the business phone number and within 2 days I got the email with the number and the procedure to follow to port over 212 number I called in my case AT&T and it only took less then 5 minutes and I successfully transferred my number to 212 area code. Thank you Dave.
Amir Rasheed Chaudhary
was last modified: December 24th, 2019 by admin | msmarco_doc_00_17029350 |
http://212warriors.com/mos_table.html | M.O.S. Table | M.O.S. Table
About Military Occupational Specialties
The U.S. Army used alphanumeric codes (e.g., 11B10, Light Weapons Infantryman) to identify the Military Occupational Specialty (job) each person held. The MOS that a person was qualified in was called the PMOS (primary MOS), while the DMOS (duty MOS) was the job they actually held at a given time.
Different MOS coding systems were used for enlisted, warrant officers and officers:
· Enlisted codes consisted of five digits. The first three (e.g., 11B) indicated the position while the fourth and fifth indicated the relative level:
xxx10 - basic Infantryman (E1-E3) = 11B10
xxx20 - specialist (Specialist 4th Class, E-4) = 11B20 (Note: some SP5s were 20s, e.g., 63B20, 91B20, 94B20)
xxx30 - team leader, specialist (E-5) = 11B30 (A number of SP5 positions had "30" MOS codes, including 64C30).
xxx40 - noncommissioned officer (Sergeant E-5, Staff Sergeant E-6, Sergeant First Class E-7) = 11B40
xxx50 - senior noncommissioned officer (E-8, E-9) = 11B50 (or, as we shall see, 11B5M, first sergeant)
Where the individual held a Special Qualification Identifier (SQI) for special training or skills, the last character was an alphabetic SQI Code <http://www.ichiban1.org/html/history_mos.htm> that indicated the qualification (e.g., in 11B1P. the "P" indicates "parachutist")
· Warrant Officer MOS Codes were also 5 digits, but the first four (e.g., 631A) indicated the position, with the last available for an SQI suffix. <http://www.ichiban1.org/html/history_mos.htm>
· Commissioned Officer codes were numerical; four digits indicated MOS (e.g., 1542, Infantry Officer) and an optional one digit SQI prefix <http://www.ichiban1.org/html/history_mos.htm> indicated a special qualification (e.g., 71542, Jump-qualified Infantry Officer).
The U.S. Army changed the MOS coding structure sometime in the 1980s, so the MOS codes which we held are now part of history. While MOS codes can be useful especially when visiting the Wall or searching through the casualty database, they can be fairly hard to find these days. | msmarco_doc_00_17035365 | |
http://213.136.91.132/nonton-harry-potter-and-the-prisoner-of-azkaban-2004/ | Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) - Nonton Movie Sub Indo SobatKeren | Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) Sub Indo
Download Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
Film Terkait
Flora & Ulysses (2021)
drama china The Wolf Princess (2021)
Scooby-Doo! The Sword and the Scoob (2021)
Drama China Be My Cat (2021)
Drama Korea Times (2021)
| Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) - Nonton Movie Sub Indo SobatKeren
Download Film dan Subtitle Indonesia di Bawah Player Sebelah Kanan (Icon Tanda Panah Kebawah)
Matikan lampu
Komentar
Download
Server 1
Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) Sub Indo
Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
PG Genre: Fantasi, Petualangan
Kualitas: HD Tahun: 2004 Durasi: 141 Menit Dilihat: 8.646 views
12759 voting, rata-rata 8,0 dari 10
Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) Sub Indo
It’s Harry’s (Daniel Radcliffe’s) third year at Hogwarts; not only does he have a new “Defense Against the Dark Arts” teacher, Professor Lupin (David Thewlis), but there is also trouble brewing. Convicted murderer Sirius Black (Gary Oldman) has escaped the Wizards’ Prison and is coming after Harry.
Director: Alfonso Cuarón
Writers: J.K. Rowling (novel), Steve Kloves (screenplay)
Stars: Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson, Rupert Grint
Negara: United Kingdom, USA
Rilis: 31 May 2004
Bahasa: English
Anggaran: $ 130.000.000,00
Pendapatan: $ 789.804.554,00
Direksi: Alfonso Cuarón, Annie Penn, Chris Carreras, Fiona Richards, Iain Atkinson, Janette Boyle, Peter MacDonald, Randy Jonsson
Pemain: Adrian Rawlins, Alan Rickman, Alfred Enoch, Bonnie Wright, Bronson Webb, Chris Rankin, Daniel Radcliffe, Danielle Tabor, David Bradley, David Thewlis, Dawn French, Devon Murray, Ekow Quartey, Emma Thompson, Emma Watson, Fiona Shaw, Gary Oldman, Genevieve Gaunt, Geraldine Somerville, Harry Melling, James Phelps, Jamie Waylett, Jennifer Smith, Jim Tavaré, Jimmy Gardner, Josh Herdman, Julie Christie, Julie Walters, Kandice Morris, Lee Ingleby, Lenny Henry, Lewis Barnshaw, Maggie Smith, Marianne Chase, Mark Williams, Matthew Lewis, Michael Gambon, Oliver Phelps, Pam Ferris, Paul Whitehouse, Peter Best, Richard Griffiths, Robbie Coltrane, Robert Hardy, Rupert Grint, Samantha Clinch, Sitara Shah, Timothy Spall, Tom Felton, Violet Columbus, Warwick Davis
Download Nonton Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)
Link Download 1
SUBTITLES INDONESIA
Film Terkait
6.8
95 menit
HD
Flora & Ulysses (2021)
Adventure, Comedy, Fantasi, Fantasy, Keluarga, Komedi, Petualangan, USA
18 Feb 2021 Lena Khan
Tonton
TV Show
drama china The Wolf Princess (2021)
Comedy, Fantasi, Fantasy, Komedi, Percintaan, Romance, China
15 Feb 2021
Tonton
6
72 menit
HD
Scooby-Doo! The Sword and the Scoob (2021)
Adventure, Animasi, Comedy, Keluarga, Komedi, Misteri, Mystery, Petualangan, USA
21 Feb 2021 Maxwell Atoms
Tonton
35 menit
TV Show
Drama China Be My Cat (2021)
Adventure, Fantasi, Fantasy, Percintaan, Petualangan, Romance, China
7 Feb 2021
Tonton
6
60 menit
TV Show
Drama Korea Times (2021)
Cerita Seru, Crime, Fantasi, Fantasy, Kejahatan, Misteri, Mystery, Thriller, Korea
19 Feb 2021
Tonton | msmarco_doc_00_17037607 |
http://213.extensionfile.net/ | Open 213 File | Open 213 File
Open 213 File
How to Open 213 file
What is 213 File?
213 File Applications
| Open 213 File
Open 213 File
To open 213 file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 213 file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 213. Here is some information which will get you started.
How to Open 213 file
To see if you have an application which support 213 file format you need to double click on the file.
This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 213 either on web or on local computer.
If there is no application on your computer which can open 213 files you need to search on the internet which application can open 213 files.
What is 213 File?
File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 213 files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix).
These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files.
213 File Applications
If you know which application opens file extension 213 and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form.
For more information on how to open 213 files read other articles on this website.
| msmarco_doc_00_17041196 |