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not interleaved with uppercase. To keep options available for lowercase letters and other graphics, the special and numeric codes were arranged before the letters, and the letter A was placed in position 41hex to match the draft of the corresponding British standard. The digits 09 are prefixed with 011, but the remain...
ick, positions 15, corresponding to the digits 15 in the adjacent stick. The parentheses could not correspond to 9 and 0, however, because the place corresponding to 0 was taken by the space character. This was accommodated by removing underscore from 6 and shifting the remaining characters, which corresponded to many...
ift , comma or . full stop so they could be used in uppercase without unshifting. However, ASCII split the ; pair dating to No. 2, and rearranged mathematical symbols varied conventions, commonly to ; . Some thencommon typewriter characters were not included, notably , while were included as diacritics for in...
d ASCIIbetical order. Collation of data is sometimes done in this order rather than "standard" alphabetical order collating sequence. The main deviations in ASCII order are All uppercase come before lowercase letters; for example, "Z" precedes "a" Digits and many punctuation marks come before letters An intermediate...
or the control characters that prescribe elementary lineoriented formatting, ASCII does not define any mechanism for describing the structure or appearance of text within a document. Other schemes, such as markup languages, address page and document layout and formatting. The original ASCII standard used only short de...
C1, also known as XON, 19 ControlS, DC3, also known as XOFF, and 127 Delete became de facto standards. The Model 33 was also notable for taking the description of ControlG code 7, BEL, meaning audibly alert the operator literally, as the unit contained an actual bell which it rang when it received a BEL character. Bec...
se of impending buffer overflow; it persists to this day in many systems as a manual output control technique. On some systems, ControlS retains its meaning but ControlQ is replaced by a second ControlS to resume output. The 33 ASR also could be configured to employ ControlR DC2 and ControlT DC4 to start and stop th...
pment Corporation; these systems had to use what keys were available, and thus the DEL code was assigned to erase the previous character. Because of this, DEC video terminals by default sent the DEL code for the key marked "Backspace" while the separate key marked "Delete" sent an escape sequence; many other competing ...
ding of other control characters as literals instead of invoking their meaning, a socalled "escape sequence". This is the same meaning of "escape" encountered in URL encodings, C language strings, and other systems where certain characters have a reserved meaning. Over time this interpretation has been coopted and has ...
racters, combined with their historical usage, created problems when transferring "plain text" files between systems. The best example of this is the newline problem on various operating systems. Teletype machines required that a line of text be terminated with both "Carriage Return" which moves the printhead to the be...
established that backward compatibility necessitated continuing to follow it. When Gary Kildall created CPM, he was inspired by some of the command line interface conventions used in DEC's RT11 operating system. Until the introduction of PC DOS in 1981, IBM had no influence in this because their 1970s operating syste...
om Multics. On the other hand, the original Macintosh OS, Apple DOS, and ProDOS used carriage return CR alone as a line terminator; however, since Apple has now replaced these obsolete operating systems with the Unixbased macOS operating system, they now use line feed LF as well. The Radio Shack TRS80 also used a lone ...
tware using other conventions would translate between the local conventions and the NVT. The File Transfer Protocol adopted the Telnet protocol, including use of the Network Virtual Terminal, for use when transmitting commands and transferring data in the default ASCII mode. This adds complexity to implementations of t...
he control code to end a file is analogous to its position at the end of the alphabet, and serves as a very convenient mnemonic aid. A historically common and still prevalent convention uses the ETX code convention to interrupt and halt a program via an input data stream, usually from a keyboard. In C library and Unix...
control character it is listed in the table below instead of in the previous section. Code 7Fhex corresponds to the nonprintable "delete" DEL control character and is therefore omitted from this chart; it is covered in the previous section's chart. Earlier versions of ASCII used the up arrow instead of the caret 5Ehe...
yndon B. Johnson mandated that all computers purchased by the United States Federal Government support ASCII, stating I have also approved recommendations of the Secretary of Commerce Luther H. Hodges regarding standards for recording the Standard Code for Information Interchange on magnetic tapes and paper tapes when ...
nguages that used Romanbased alphabets. One could class some of these variations as "ASCII extensions", although some misuse that term to represent all variants, including those that do not preserve ASCII's charactermap in the 7bit range. Furthermore, the ASCII extensions have also been mislabelled as ASCII. 7bit code...
oped variants of ASCII to include nonEnglish letters e.g. , , , , currency symbols e.g. , , etc. See also YUSCII Yugoslavia. It would share most characters in common, but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use". However, the four years that elapsed between the publicat...
de represented, and in general, textprocessing systems could cope with only one variant anyway. Because the bracket and brace characters of ASCII were assigned to "national use" code points that were used for accented letters in other national variants of ISOIEC 646, a German, French, or Swedish, etc. programmer using...
g "No I've got sandwiches". In Japan and Korea, still a variation of ASCII is used, in which the backslash 5C hex is rendered as a Yen sign, in Japan or a Won sign, in Korea. This means that, for example, the file path CUsersSmith is shown as CUsersSmith in Japan or CUsersSmith in Korea. 8bit codes Eventually, as...
lyphs, and often filled in some or all of the control characters from 0 to 31 with more graphics. Kaypro CPM computers used the "upper" 128 characters for the Greek alphabet. The PETSCII code Commodore International used for their 8bit systems is probably unique among post1970 codes in being based on ASCII1963, instea...
script also defined a set, both of these contained both international letters and typographic punctuation marks instead of graphics, more like modern character sets. The ISOIEC 8859 standard derived from the DECMCS finally provided a standard that most systems copied at least as accurately as they copied ASCII, but wi...
hile ASCII is limited to 128 characters, Unicode and the UCS support more characters by separating the concepts of unique identification using natural numbers called code points and encoding to 8, 16, or 32bit binary formats, called UTF8, UTF16, and UTF32, respectively. ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode 1991 cha...
icode block ASCII as a subset of Unicode Extended ASCII HTML decimal character rendering Jargon File, a glossary of computer programmer slang which includes a list of common slang names for ASCII characters List of computer character sets List of Unicode characters Notes References Further reading from Ext...
Austin is the capital of Texas in the United States. Austin may also refer to Geographical locations Australia Austin, Western Australia Canada Austin, Manitoba Austin, Ontario Austin, Quebec Austin Island, Nunavut France SaintAustin, hamlet at la NeuvilleChantd'Oisel, Normandy Hong Kong Austin station MT...
ker Austin Automobile Company, shortlived American automobile company Austin Motor Company, British car manufacturer Austin cookies and crackers, Keebler Company brand Entertainment "Austin" song, a single by Blake Shelton Austin, a kangaroo Beanie Baby produced by Ty, Inc. Austin the kangaroo from the children'...
Animation is a method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most animations are made with computergenerated imagery CGI. Computer animation can be very de...
on often centers around violent pratfalls such as falls, collisions and explosions that would be lethal in real life. Commonly, animators achieved the effect by a rapid succession of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusionas in motion pictures in generalis thought to rely on the phi phenomenon and...
rough simple mechanicsfor instance moving images in magic lantern showscan also be considered animation. The mechanical manipulation of threedimensional puppets and objects to emulate living beings has a very long history in automata. Electronic automata were popularized by Disney as animatronics. Etymology The word "...
in motion. In 1833, the stroboscopic disc better known as the phnakisticope introduced the principle of modern animation with sequential images that were shown one by one in quick succession to form an optical illusion of motion pictures. Series of sequential images had occasionally been made over thousands of years,...
with his 10 to 15minutelong Pantomimes Lumineuses. Silent era When cinematography eventually broke through in 1895 after animated pictures had been known for decades, the wonder of the realistic details in the new medium was seen as its biggest accomplishment. Animation on film was not commercialized until a few year...
anddrawn animation. Other great artistic and very influential short films were created by Ladislas Starevich with his puppet animations since 1910 and by Winsor McCay with detailed drawn animation in films such as Little Nemo 1911 and Gertie the Dinosaur 1914. During the 1910s, the production of animated "cartoons" be...
rts. Several studios would introduce characters that would become very popular and would have longlasting careers, including Maria Butinova Studios' Mapmo 1924, The Leo King Knott 1931, Walt Disney Productions' Goofy 1932 and Donald Duck 1934, Warner Bros. Cartoons' Looney Tunes characters like Porky Pig 1935, Daffy Du...
but one day after its premiere, the film was confiscated by the government. After working on it for three years, Lotte Reiniger released the German featurelength silhouette animation Die Abenteuer des Prinzen Achmed in 1926, the oldest extant animated feature. In 1937, Walt Disney Studios premiered their first animat...
rican Tail in 1986. Although relatively few titles became as successful as Disney's features, other countries developed their own animation industries that produced both short and feature theatrical animations in a wide variety of styles, relatively often including stop motion and cutout animation techniques. Russia's...
morning cartoons. Many classic cartoons found a new life on the small screen and by the end of the 1950s, the production of new animated cartoons started to shift from theatrical releases to TV series. HannaBarbera Productions was especially prolific and had huge hit series, such as The Flintstones 19601966 the first p...
me very successful internationally since the 1960s, and European producers looking for affordable cel animators relatively often started coproductions with Japanese studios, resulting in hit series such as Barbapapa The NetherlandsJapanFrance 19731977, Wickie und die starken Mnner Vicky the Viking AustriaGermanyJapan ...
ar's Toy Story 1995, the first computeranimated feature in this style. Most of the cel animation studios switched to producing mostly computer animated films around the 1990s, as it proved cheaper and more profitable. Not only the very popular 3D animation style was generated with computers, but also most of the films...
ity. It has therefore been widely used for other purposes than mere entertainment. During World War II, animation was widely exploited for propaganda. Many American studios, including Warner Bros. and Disney, lent their talents and their cartoon characters to convey to the public certain war values. Some countries, in...
when licensed for all kinds of merchandise and for other media. Animation has traditionally been very closely related to comic books. While many comic book characters found their way to the screen which is often the case in Japan, where many manga are adapted into anime, original animated characters also commonly appe...
normous amount of products, as have many other Disney characters. This may have influenced some pejorative use of Mickey's name, but licensed Disney products sell well, and the socalled Disneyana has many avid collectors, and even a dedicated Disneyana fanclub since 1984. Disneyland opened in 1955 and features many at...
animation has instituted awards for excellence in the field. The original awards for animation were presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for animated shorts from the year 1932, during the 5th Academy Awards function. The first winner of the Academy Award was the short Flowers and Trees, a produ...
or the bestanimated feature film as part of their national film awards Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Animation since 2008, BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film since 2006, Csar Award for Best Animated Film since 2011, Golden Rooster Award for Best Animation since 1981, Goya Award for Best Animated Film since 1989, ...
ated by Walt Disney; however, newer studios, led by Pixar DreamWorks, have now begun to consistently vie for this award. The list of awardees is as follows Annie Award for Best Animated Feature Annie Award for Best Animated Short Subject Annie Award for Best Animated Television Production Production The creation ...
ion. It is pointless for a studio to pay the salaries of dozens of animators to spend weeks creating a visually dazzling fiveminute scene if that scene fails to effectively advance the plot of the film. Thus, animation studios starting with Disney began the practice in the 1930s of maintaining story departments where s...
ams of about 500 to 600 people, of whom 50 to 70 are animators, typically have created featurelength animated films. It is relatively easy for two or three artists to match their styles; synchronizing those of dozens of artists is more difficult. This problem is usually solved by having a separate group of visual deve...
professional screenwriters to write screenplays while also continuing to use story departments and screenplays had become commonplace for animated films by the late 1980s. Techniques Traditional Traditional animation also called cel animation or handdrawn animation was the process used for most animated films of th...
drawn directly into a computer system. Various software programs are used to color the drawings and simulate camera movement and effects. The final animated piece is output to one of several delivery media, including traditional 35 mm film and newer media with digital video. The "look" of traditional cel animation is s...
e Secret of Kells IrishFrenchBelgian, 2009. Full Full animation refers to the process of producing highquality traditionally animated films that regularly use detailed drawings and plausible movement, having a smooth animation. Fully animated films can be made in a variety of styles, from more realistically animated w...
ion. Limited animation uses fewer drawings per second, thereby limiting the fluidity of the animation. This is a more economic technique. Pioneered by the artists at the American studio United Productions of America, limited animation can be used as a method of stylized artistic expression, as in Gerald McBoingBoing US...
, and Aku no Hana Japan, 2013. Liveaction blending Liveactionanimation is a technique combining handdrawn characters into live action shots or liveaction actors into animated shots. One of the earlier uses was in Koko the Clown when Koko was drawn over liveaction footage. Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks created a series of...
imeconsuming to produce than current computer animation. Puppet animation Typically involves stopmotion puppet figures interacting in a constructed environment, in contrast to realworld interaction in model animation. The puppets generally have an armature inside of them to keep them still and steady to constrain the...
e an armature or wire frame inside, similar to the related puppet animation below, that can be manipulated to pose the figures. Alternatively, the figures may be made entirely of clay, in the films of Bruce Bickford, where clay creatures morph into a variety of different shapes. Examples of clayanimated works include T...
moving twodimensional pieces of material paper or cloth. Examples include Terry Gilliam's animated sequences from Monty Python's Flying Circus UK, 19691974; Fantastic Planet FranceCzechoslovakia, 1973; Tale of Tales Russia, 1979, The pilot episode of the adult television sitcom series and sometimes in episodes of Sout...
nauts 1963, and the work of Willis H. O'Brien on films, King Kong 1933. Go motion A variant of model animation that uses various techniques to create motion blur between frames of film, which is not present in traditional stop motion. The technique was invented by Industrial Light Magic and Phil Tippett to create spe...
boost in popularity with the advent of video sharing sites, YouTube and the availability of cheap cameras and animation software. Pixilation Involves the use of live humans as stopmotion characters. This allows for a number of surreal effects, including disappearances and reappearances, allowing people to appear to ...
rized versions of traditional animation techniques, interpolated morphing, onion skinning and interpolated rotoscoping. 2D animation has many applications, including analog computer animation, Flash animation, and PowerPoint animation. Cinemagraphs are still photographs in the form of an animated GIF file of which part...
t or 3D environment. Sometimes, the mesh is given an internal digital skeletal structure called an armature that can be used to control the mesh by weighting the vertices. This process is called rigging and can be used in conjunction with key frames to create movement. Other techniques can be applied, mathematical fun...
as well as the 1990s recordings of the firstperson shooter video game Quake. Motion capture is used when liveaction actors wear special suits that allow computers to copy their movements into CG characters. Examples include Polar Express 2004, US, Beowulf 2007, US, A Christmas Carol 2009, US, The Adventures of Tintin...
fixed to whatever supports them. They can sit and stand, and they cannot walk. An AudioAnimatron is different from an androidtype robot in that it uses prerecorded movements and sounds, rather than responding to external stimuli. In 2009, Disney created an interactive version of the technology called Autonomatronics. ...
ydrotechnics a technique that includes lights, water, fire, fog, and lasers, with highdefinition projections on mist screens. Drawn on film animation a technique where footage is produced by creating the images directly on film stock; for example, by Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage. Paintonglass animation a...
th traditional cel animation. Sand animation sand is moved around on a back or frontlighted piece of glass to create each frame for an animated film. This creates an interesting effect when animated because of the light contrast. Flip book a flip book sometimes, especially in British English, called a flick book is a...
ated war film Animation department Animated series Architectural animation Avar Independent animation International Animation Day International Animated Film Association International Tourne of Animation List of filmrelated topics Motion graphic design Society for Animation Studies Wireframe model Referenc...
Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The national divinity of the Greeks, Apollo has been recognized as a god of archery, music and dance, truth and prophecy, healing and diseases, the Sun and light, poetry, and more. One of the most important and c...
ether through the god himself or mediated through his son Asclepius. Apollo delivered people from epidemics, yet he is also a god who could bring illhealth and deadly plague with his arrows. The invention of archery itself is credited to Apollo and his sister Artemis. Apollo is usually described as carrying a golden bo...
h dominion over colonists. He was the giver of laws, and his oracles were consulted before setting laws in a city. As the god of mousike, Apollo presides over all music, songs, dance and poetry. He is the inventor of stringmusic, and the frequent companion of the Muses, functioning as their chorus leader in celebratio...
n in the lacunose form perjo Linear B on the KN E 842 tablet, though it has also been suggested that the name might actually read "Hyperion" uperjone. The etymology of the name is uncertain. The spelling in Classical Attic had almost superseded all other forms by the beginning of the common era, but the Doric form,...
st often associated Apollo's name with the Greek verb apollymi, "to destroy". Plato in Cratylus connects the name with apolysis, "redemption", with apolousis, "purification", and with haploun, "simple", in particular in reference to the Thessalian form of the name, , and finally with aeiballon, "evershooting". Hes...
ct an earlier kalyn before palatalization, syncope, and the preLydian sound change y d. Note the labiovelar in place of the labial p found in preDoric j and Hittite Apaliunas. A Luwian etymology suggested for Apaliunas makes Apollo "The One of Entrapment", perhaps in the sense of "Hunter". GrecoRoman epithets Apollo...
e wolf . Phanaeus ; , Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light" Phoebus ; , Phoibos, literally "bright", his most commonly used epithet by both the Greeks and Romans Sol Roman , "sun" in Latin Wolf Lycegenes ; , Lukgens, literally "born of a wolf" or "born of Lycia" Lycoctonus ; , Lykoktonos, from , "wolf", a...
ns associated this with dolphins. Epactaeus, meaning "god worshipped on the coast", in Samos. Pythius ; , Puthios, from , Pyth, from the region around Delphi Smintheus ; , Smintheus, "Sminthian"that is, "of the town of Sminthos or Sminthe" near the Troad town of Hamaxitus Napaian Apollo , from the city of Nape at t...
rom , "to avert" Archegetes ; , Arkhgets, literally "founder" Averruncus Roman ; from Latin verruncare, "to avert" Clarius ; , Klrios, from Doric , "allotted lot" Epicurius ; , Epikourios, from , "to aid" Genetor ; , Genetr, literally "ancestor" Nomius ; , Nomios, literally "pastoral" Nymphegetes ; , Numphgets, ...
ly "prophetic" Proopsios , meaning "foreseer" or "first seen" Music and arts Musagetes ; Doric , Mousgets, from , "Muse", and "leader" Musegetes ; , Mousgets, as the preceding Archery Aphetor ; , Aphtr, from , "to let loose" Aphetorus ; , Aphtoros, as the preceding Arcitenens Roman , literally "bowcarrying" Ar...
and sun god. He was often equated with Celtic gods of similar character. Apollo Atepomarus "the great horseman" or "possessing a great horse". Apollo was worshipped at Mauvires Indre. Horses were, in the Celtic world, closely linked to the sun. Apollo Belenus "bright" or "brilliant". This epithet was given to Apollo...
a temple at Essarois, near ChtillonsurSeine in presentday Burgundy. He was a god of healing, especially of the eyes. Apollo Virotutis "benefactor of mankind". Apollo Virotutis was worshipped, among other places, at Fins d'Annecy HauteSavoie and at Jublains MaineetLoire. Origins The cult centers of Apollo in Greece, ...
onent, and a SyroHittite component." Healer and godprotector from evil In classical times, his major function in popular religion was to keep away evil, and he was therefore called "apotropaios" , "averting evil" and "alexikakos" "keeping off ill"; from v. n. . Apollo also had many epithets relating to his functio...
ch were supposed to cure disease. Homer illustrated Paeon the god and the song both of apotropaic thanksgiving or triumph. Such songs were originally addressed to Apollo and afterwards to other gods to Dionysus, to Apollo Helios, to Apollo's son Asclepius the healer. About the 4th century BCE, the paean became merely ...
the Achaeans. Knowing that Apollo can prevent a recurrence of the plague he sent, they purify themselves in a ritual and offer him a large sacrifice of cows, called a hecatomb. Dorian origin The Homeric Hymn to Apollo depicts Apollo as an intruder from the north. The connection with the northerndwelling Dorians and th...
riests to Delphi, where they evidently transferred their religious practices. Apollo Delphinios or Delphidios was a seagod especially worshipped in Crete and in the islands. Apollo's sister Artemis, who was the Greek goddess of hunting, is identified with Britomartis Diktynna, the Minoan "Mistress of the animals". In h...
, and from there into Greece. Homer pictures Apollo on the side of the Trojans, fighting against the Achaeans, during the Trojan War. He is pictured as a terrible god, less trusted by the Greeks than other gods. The god seems to be related to Appaliunas, a tutelary god of Wilusa Troy in Asia Minor, but the word is not...
en to that day sibutu indicates a Babylonian origin. The Late Bronze Age from 1700 to 1200 BCE Hittite and Hurrian Aplu was a god of plague, invoked during plague years. Here we have an apotropaic situation, where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it. Aplu, meaning the son of, was a title given t...
ring diseases with his arrows, but he was able to free people of them and his alternative Shiva is a healer physician god. However the IndoEuropean component of Apollo does not explain his strong relation with omens, exorcisms, and with the oracular cult. Oracular cult Unusually among the Olympic deities, Apollo ha...
and Claros pronounced the socalled "theological oracles", in which Apollo confirms that all deities are aspects or servants of an allencompassing, highest deity. "In the 3rd century, Apollo fell silent. Julian the Apostate 359361 tried to revive the Delphic oracle, but failed." Oracular shrines Apollo had a famous or...
he Sacred Lake, was the place where the god was said to have been born. In Delphi, the Pythia became filled with the pneuma of Apollo, said to come from a spring inside the Adyton. In Didyma, an oracle on the coast of Anatolia, south west of Lydian Luwian Sardis, in which priests from the lineage of the Branchidae re...
ropus also had a sacred spring. in Labadea, east of Delphi, Trophonius, another son of Apollo, killed his brother and fled to the cave where he was also afterwards consulted as an oracle. Temples of Apollo Many temples were dedicated to Apollo in Greece and the Greek colonies. They show the spread of the cult of Ap...
he earliest times there were certain rules strictly observed in rectangular peripteral and prostyle buildings. The first buildings were built narrowly in order to hold the roof, and when the dimensions changed some mathematical relations became necessary in order to keep the original forms. This probably influenced the...
in the 9th century B.C. It seems that it was a curvilinear building. The Doric temple was built in the early 7th century B.C., but only some small parts have been found A festival called Daphnephoria was celebrated every ninth year in honour of Apollo Ismenius or Galaxius. The people held laurel branches daphnai, and ...
suring 21,00 x 43,00 m. The number of pteron column was 6 x 14. Dreros Crete. The temple of Apollo Delphinios dates from the 7th century B.C., or probably from the middle of the 8th century B.C. According to the legend, Apollo appeared as a dolphin, and carried Cretan priests to the port of Delphi. The dimensions of t...
15. There was a single row of inner columns. It measures 12.13 x 38.23 m at the stylobate, which was made from stones. Corinth A Doric temple was built in the 6th century B.C. The temple's stylobate measures 21.36 x 53.30 m, and the number of pteron columns was 6 x 15. There was a double row of inner columns. The s...
ents have been found and the earlier, made from limestone, are identified among the oldest of the Ionic order. Syracuse, Sicily A Doric temple was built at the beginning of the 6th century B.C. The temple's stylobate measures 21.47 x 55.36 m and the number of pteron columns was 6 x 17. It was the first temple in Greek...
58.00 m, and the number of pteron columns as 6 x 15. A fest similar with Apollo's fest at Thebes, Greece was celebrated every nine years. A boy was sent to the temple, who walked on the sacred road and returned carrying a laurel branch dopnephoros. The maidens participated with joyful songs. Chios An Ionic temple of ...
st size, with the stylobate measuring 14.5 x 38.3 metres containing a Doric peristyle of 6 x 15 columns. The roof left a central space open to admit light and air. Delos A temple probably dedicated to Apollo and not peripteral, was built in the late 7th century B.C., with a plan measuring 10,00 x 15,60 m. The Doric Gre...
The temple is dipteral, with an outer row of 10 x 21 columns, and it measures 28.90 x 80.75 m at the stylobate. Clarus near ancient Colophon According to the legend, the famous seer Calchas, on his return from Troy, came to Clarus. He challenged the seer Mopsus, and died when he lost. The Doric temple of Apollo Clariu...
r of pteron columns was 8 x 14. Pythion , this was the name of a shrine of Apollo at Athens near the Ilisos river. It was created by Peisistratos, and tripods placed there by those who had won in the cyclic chorus at the Thargelia. Setae Lydia The temple of Apollo Aksyros located in the city. Apollonia Pontica There we...
c. A cult of Apollo Soranus is attested by one inscription found near Falerii. Pompeii Italy The cult of Apollo was widespread in the region of Campania since the 6th century B.C. The temple was built in 120 B.V, but its beginnings lie in the 6th century B.C. It was reconstructed after an earthquake in A.D. 63. It dem...
omeThe temple of Apollo Palatinus was located on the Palatine hill within the sacred boundary of the city. It was dedicated by Augustus on 28 B.C. The faade of the original temple was Ionic and it was constructed from solid blocks of marble. Many famous statues by Greek masters were on display in and around the temple,...
of Zeus, the king of the gods, and Leto, his previous wife or one of his mistresses. Growing up, Apollo was nursed by the nymphs Korythalia and Aletheia, the personification of truth. When Zeus' wife Hera discovered that Leto was pregnant, she banned Leto from giving birth on terra firma. Leto sought shelter in many l...
ambrosial fragrance. Swans circled the island seven times and the nymphs sang in delight. He was washed clean by the goddesses who then covered him in white garment and fastened golden bands around him. Since Leto was unable to feed him, Themis, the goddess of divine law, fed him with nectar, or ambrosia. Upon tasting...
tradition. The seventh and twentieth, the days of the new and full moon, were ever afterwards held sacred to him. Mythographers agree that Artemis was born first and subsequently assisted with the birth of Apollo or was born on the island of Ortygia then helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to ...
home and wolves became sacred to him. His intimate connection to wolves is evident from his epithet Lyceus, meaning wolflike. But Apollo was also the wolfslayer in his role as the god who protected flocks from predators. The Hyperborean worship of Apollo bears the strongest marks of Apollo being worshipped as the sun g...