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Around 1200 BC, the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus. Traditionally, historians have believed that the Dorian invasion caused the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, but it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean aro...
What civilization is the group credited with starting?
{'text': 'Mycenaean civilization', 'answer_start': 174}
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An advantage of the universal motor is that AC supplies may be used on motors which have some characteristics more common in DC motors, specifically high starting torque and very compact design if high running speeds are used. The negative aspect is the maintenance and short life problems caused by the commutator. Such...
Switching the field winding out of washing machines causes the drum to agitate how?
{'text': 'forwards and in reverse', 'answer_start': 940}
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With third parties like Namco, Square Enix, Electronic Arts, Sega, and Hudson Soft all making games for the iPod, Apple's MP3 player has taken steps towards entering the video game handheld console market. Even video game magazines like GamePro and EGM have reviewed and rated most of their games as of late.
What market can Apple participate in now that it has a variety of games available for iPod?
{'text': 'video game handheld console market', 'answer_start': 170}
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Prompted by the chaotic torch relays in Western Europe and North America, the president of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge described the situation as a "crisis" for the organization and stated that any athletes displaying Tibetan flags at Olympic venues could be expelled from the games. though he sto...
What was halted with the torch relay for future Olympics?
{'text': 'global relays', 'answer_start': 474}
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The Cubs began play as the Chicago White Stockings, joining the National League (NL) as a charter member. Owner William Hulbert signed multiple star players, such as pitcher Albert Spalding and infielders Ross Barnes, Deacon White, and Adrian "Cap" Anson, to join the team prior to the N.L.'s first season. The White Sto...
Who did the Cubs began play as?
{'text': 'the Chicago White Stockings', 'answer_start': 23}
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The name of the metal was probably first documented by Paracelsus, a Swiss-born German alchemist, who referred to the metal as "zincum" or "zinken" in his book Liber Mineralium II, in the 16th century. The word is probably derived from the German zinke, and supposedly meant "tooth-like, pointed or jagged" (metallic zin...
Why would zinc possibly be derived from the imaginary word zinke?
{'text': 'metallic zinc crystals have a needle-like appearance', 'answer_start': 308}
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"In 1727 the to-min or 'idle people' of Cheh Kiang province (a Ningpo name still existing), the yoh-hu or 'music people' of Shanxi province, the si-min or 'small people' of Kiang Su (Jiangsu) province, and the Tanka people or 'egg-people' of Canton (to this day the boat population there), were all freed from their soci...
What does 'si-min' mean?
{'text': 'small people', 'answer_start': 156}
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On 24 August, Pravda and Izvestia carried news of the non-secret portions of the Pact, complete with the now infamous front-page picture of Molotov signing the treaty, with a smiling Stalin looking on. The news was met with utter shock and surprise by government leaders and media worldwide, most of whom were aware only...
Which diplomat leaked information about the public agreements?
{'text': 'Hans von Herwarth', 'answer_start': 615}
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The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why ...
Which congregations joined the Second Great Awakening the most after 1820?
{'text': 'Baptist and Methodist', 'answer_start': 116}
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In addition, intermediaries are now also generally understood to include Internet portals, software and games providers, those providing virtual information such as interactive forums and comment facilities with or without a moderation system, aggregators of various kinds, such as news aggregators, universities, librar...
What examples provide virtual information?
{'text': 'interactive forums and comment facilities', 'answer_start': 165}
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Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa...
What are the effigies made of?
{'text': 'wax', 'answer_start': 6}
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For the King's funeral, people dress in elaborate mourning costume, many of them cross-dressing men who carry bouquets of phallic vegetables. In the funeral house, the body of the King is surrounded by an honor guard and weeping concubines, crying over the loss of sexual pleasure brought about by his death. The King's ...
What do people dress in for the King's funeral?
{'text': 'elaborate mourning costume', 'answer_start': 40}
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The concept's origins can potentially be traced back further. Jewish law includes several considerations whose effects are similar to those of modern intellectual property laws, though the notion of intellectual creations as property does not seem to exist – notably the principle of Hasagat Ge'vul (unfair encroachment)...
What Greek state offered copyrights?
{'text': 'Sybaris', 'answer_start': 461}
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Following their wedding, the couple leased Windlesham Moor, near Windsor Castle, until 4 July 1949, when they took up residence at Clarence House in London. At various times between 1949 and 1951, the Duke of Edinburgh was stationed in the British Crown Colony of Malta as a serving Royal Navy officer. He and Elizabeth ...
In which armed force was the Duke of Edinburgh?
{'text': 'Royal Navy', 'answer_start': 283}
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In Sweden, the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court respectively function as the highest courts of the land. The Supreme Administrative Court considers cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs, as well as disputes among administrative organs, while the Supreme Court consider...
Sweden's two high courts are what?
{'text': 'the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court', 'answer_start': 11}
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After the disastrous defeat of the Prussian Army at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806, Napoleon occupied Berlin and had the officials of the Prussian General Directory swear an oath of allegiance to him, while King Frederick William III and his consort Louise fled via Königsberg and the Curonian Spit to Memel. The F...
In what country was Memel?
{'text': 'Prussian', 'answer_start': 35}
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In Asian countries such as China, Korea, and Japan, dogs are viewed as kind protectors. The role of the dog in Chinese mythology includes a position as one of the twelve animals which cyclically represent years (the zodiacal dog).
Three Asian countries see dogs as what?
{'text': 'kind protectors.', 'answer_start': 71}
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The Romans under Nero Claudius Drusus established a military outpost belonging to the Germania Superior Roman province at Strasbourg's current location, and named it Argentoratum. (Hence the town is commonly called Argentina in medieval Latin.) The name "Argentoratum" was first mentioned in 12 BC and the city celebrate...
How many times was Argentoratum rebuilt during the first and fifth centuries AD?
{'text': 'six times', 'answer_start': 525}
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The Arians no longer presented an unbroken front to their orthodox opponents. The Emperor Constantius, who had been the cause of so much trouble, died 4 November, 361 and was succeeded by Julian. The proclamation of the new prince's accession was the signal for a pagan outbreak against the still dominant Arian faction ...
How did George of Cappadocia die in prison?
{'text': 'murdered', 'answer_start': 390}
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According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement "none knows its interpretation except God" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the kno...
According to Shia Muslims, who is the only one who can fully know the a Quranic interpretation?
{'text': 'God', 'answer_start': 204}
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Most notably, there was also a secret protocol to the pact, revealed only after Germany's defeat in 1945, although hints about its provisions were leaked much earlier, e.g., to influence Lithuania. According to said protocol Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland were divided into German and Soviet "sp...
What country held the city Vilnius after to the inter-war period?
{'text': 'Lithuania', 'answer_start': 842}
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In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur...
What Somali leader received tribute from the Omani empire?
{'text': 'Sultan Ahmed Yusuf', 'answer_start': 515}
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Advanced economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis with "emerging" and "developing" economies lagging behind. The crisis completely overturned this relationship. The International Monetary Fund found that "advanced" economies accounted for only 31% of global GDP while emerging and developing ec...
How much global GDP did "advanced" economies account for from 2007 to 2014?
{'text': '31%', 'answer_start': 270}
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In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas...
What is the 'Early Modern period" known as in Japan?
{'text': 'the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong', 'answer_start': 198}
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The Weston Cadet (model 852 introduced in 1949), Direct Reading (model 853 introduced 1954) and Master III (models 737 and S141.3 introduced in 1956) were the first in their line of exposure meters to switch and utilize the meanwhile established ASA scale instead. Other models used the original Weston scale up until ca...
What was necessary on meters manufactured after 1956?
{'text': 'conversion', 'answer_start': 919}
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Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...
What position did Eisenhower informally hold?
{'text': 'Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff', 'answer_start': 256}
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Expansion of Highbury was restricted because the East Stand had been designated as a Grade II listed building and the other three stands were close to residential properties. These limitations prevented the club from maximising matchday revenue during the 1990s and first decade of the 21st century, putting them in dang...
When did Arsenal offer a plan to build a new stadium at Ashburton Grove?
{'text': '2000', 'answer_start': 417}
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One of the characteristics of BYU most often pointed out is its reputation for emphasizing a "marriage culture". Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints highly value marriage and family, especially marriage within the faith. Approximately 51 percent of the graduates in BYU's class of 2005 were marrie...
What type of marriage is highly valued by LDS members?
{'text': 'marriage within the faith', 'answer_start': 217}
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In 586 BCE King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, he destroyed Solomon's Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. The defeat was also recorded by the Babylonians (see the Babylonian Chronicles). In 538 BCE, Cyrus the Great of Persia conquered Babylon and took over its empire. Cy...
How many Judeans did Zerubabel return to Judah?
{'text': '50,000', 'answer_start': 571}
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The Longmen Shan Fault System is situated in the eastern border of the Tibetan Plateau and contains several faults. This earthquake ruptured at least two imbricate structures in Longmen Shan Fault System, i.e. the Beichuan Fault and the Guanxian–Anxian Fault. In the epicentral area, the average slip in Beichuan Fault w...
Where is the Longmen shan fault located?
{'text': 'Tibetan Plateau', 'answer_start': 71}
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Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping any animal, or pursuing or tracking it with the intent of doing so. Hunting wildlife or feral animals is most commonly done by humans for food, recreation, to remove predators which are dangerous to humans or domestic animals, or for trade. In the 2010s, lawful hunting is ...
What do feral animals usually eat?
{'text': 'any animal', 'answer_start': 47}
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An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway f...
What is an example of the area around a utility building?
{'text': 'a landing area', 'answer_start': 184}
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Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered around the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed b...
During which prehistoric age was the Greek language rejected?
{'text': 'Bronze', 'answer_start': 253}
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By the 1500s, Ismail I from Ardabil, established the Safavid Dynasty, with Tabriz as the capital. Beginning with Azerbaijan, he subsequently extended his authority over all of the Iranian territories, and established an intermittent Iranian hegemony over the vast relative regions, reasserting the Iranian identity withi...
What was the capital of the Safavid Dynasty?
{'text': 'Tabriz', 'answer_start': 75}
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Armed conflict between ethnic Chinese rebels and the Myanmar Armed Forces have resulted in the Kokang offensive in February 2015. The conflict had forced 40,000 to 50,000 civilians to flee their homes and seek shelter on the Chinese side of the border. During the incident the government of China was accused of giving m...
Were there any refuges that resulted from the Burmese conflict in 2015?
{'text': 'The conflict had forced 40,000 to 50,000 civilians to flee their homes and seek shelter', 'answer_start': 130}
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Even as the Western Roman empire collapsed, literate men acknowledged that Virgil was a master poet. Gregory of Tours read Virgil, whom he quotes in several places, along with some other Latin poets, though he cautions that "we ought not to relate their lying fables, lest we fall under sentence of eternal death."
Did literate men acknowledge Virgil as a master or novice poet?
{'text': 'master', 'answer_start': 88}
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Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bi...
When was homosexuality legalized in Bermuda?
{'text': 'May 1994.', 'answer_start': 83}
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Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the s...
Who provides hunter education?
{'text': 'Local hunting clubs', 'answer_start': 212}
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All of the highways into Wenchuan, and others throughout the province, were damaged, resulting in delayed arrival of the rescue troops. In Beichuan County, 80% of the buildings collapsed according to Xinhua News. In the city of Shifang, the collapse of two chemical plants led to leakage of some 80 tons of liquid ammoni...
What highways into Wenchuan were damaged?
{'text': 'All of the highways', 'answer_start': 0}
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The United States Mint produces Proof Sets specifically for collectors and speculators. Silver Proofs tend to be the standard designs but with the dime, quarter, and half dollar containing 90% silver. Starting in 1983 and ending in 1997, the Mint also produced proof sets containing the year's commemorative coins alongs...
What is the percentage of silver in coins in the budget constraints?
{'text': '90%', 'answer_start': 189}
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The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old...
Where were the 3.7 billion year old fossils found?
{'text': 'Western Greenland', 'answer_start': 490}
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The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became ...
What happened during the reign of Hecataeus of Miletus?
{'text': 'Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples', 'answer_start': 544}
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Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliament passed legislation to ban slavery in the colonies.
Over how many slaves ended up getting emancipated on Saint Helena?
{'text': '800', 'answer_start': 105}
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In their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th century; it ignored the many ...
In the early 1900s, what was did black mean in southern states?
{'text': 'persons with any known African ancestry', 'answer_start': 179}
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Along with four other scientists and various military personnel, von Neumann was included in the target selection committee responsible for choosing the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as the first targets of the atomic bomb. Von Neumann oversaw computations related to the expected size of the bomb blasts, es...
Who dismissed von Neuamann's primary target city?
{'text': 'Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson.', 'answer_start': 724}
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In April 1994, the results of a Merck-sponsored study, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, were announced. Researchers tested simvastatin, later sold by Merck as Zocor, on 4,444 patients with high cholesterol and heart disease. After five years, the study concluded the patients saw a 35% reduction in their cho...
How much money did Merk make in 1995?
{'text': 'over US$1 billion', 'answer_start': 439}
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Hisham suffered still worse defeats in the east, where his armies attempted to subdue both Tokharistan, with its center at Balkh, and Transoxiana, with its center at Samarkand. Both areas had already been partially conquered, but remained difficult to govern. Once again, a particular difficulty concerned the question o...
What was the Umayyad victory in 724 called?
{'text': 'Day of Thirst', 'answer_start': 428}
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Microsoft began an advertising campaign centered around Windows 8 and its Surface tablet in October 2012, starting with its first television advertisement premiering on October 14, 2012. Microsoft's advertising budget of US$1.5–1.8 billion was significantly larger than the US$200 million campaign used to promote Window...
How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 95?
{'text': '$200 million', 'answer_start': 276}
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Contestants go through at least three sets of cuts. The first is a brief audition with a few other contestants in front of selectors which may include one of the show's producers. Although auditions can exceed 10,000 in each city, only a few hundred of these make it past the preliminary round of auditions. Successful c...
How many contestants make it through the initial auditions in each city?
{'text': 'a few hundred', 'answer_start': 236}
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The earliest confirmed evidence of the Chinese script yet discovered is the body of inscriptions on oracle bones from the late Shang dynasty (c. 1200–1050 BC). These symbols, carved on pieces of bone and turtle shell being sold as "dragon bones" for medicinal purposes, were identified as Chinese writing by scholars in ...
Where were the symbols carved on?
{'text': 'pieces of bone and turtle shell', 'answer_start': 185}
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The inclusiveness of Weinreich's definition (above) directs attention to the totality of one's identity at a given phase in time, and assists in elucidating component aspects of one's total identity, such as one's gender identity, ethnic identity, occupational identity and so on. The definition readily applies to the y...
How one construes oneself now and in the future differs considerably because of what 2 things?
{'text': 'age and accumulated experiences', 'answer_start': 739}
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As of January 1, 2008 estimates by the San Diego Association of Governments revealed that the household median income for San Diego rose to $66,715, up from $45,733, and that the city population rose to 1,336,865, up 9.3% from 2000. The population was 45.3% non-Hispanic whites, down from 78.9% in 1970, 27.7% Hispanics,...
What did the average salary decrease to at the time of the 2008 census?
{'text': '$66,715', 'answer_start': 140}
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The Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles, the second largest library in France after the Bibliothèque nationale de France. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the uni...
What is the second largest library in France?
{'text': 'Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire', 'answer_start': 4}
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The Aleutian Islands are still home to the Aleut people's seafaring society, although they were the first Native Alaskans to be exploited by Russians. Western and Southwestern Alaska are home to the Yup'ik, while their cousins the Alutiiq ~ Sugpiaq lived in what is now Southcentral Alaska. The Gwich'in people of the no...
Which Alaskan indigenous group wasn't the first to be exploited by Russians?
{'text': 'Aleut', 'answer_start': 43}
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The micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the mini plug design. The micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection. The Univer...
What is the easier-to-replace cable designed for?
{'text': 'to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection', 'answer_start': 249}
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Brasília (Portuguese pronunciation: [bɾaˈziljɐ]) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located atop the Brazilian highlands in the country's center-western region. It was founded on April 21, 1960, to serve as the new national capital. Brasília and its metro (encom...
What was the population of Brasilia and its metro in 1960?
{'text': '2,556,149', 'answer_start': 383}
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Ongoing political tensions between Great Britain and the thirteen colonies reached a crisis in 1774 when the British placed the province of Massachusetts under martial law after the Patriots protested taxes they regarded as a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. When shooting began at Lexington and C...
When did the colonies declare independence?
{'text': 'July 4, 1776', 'answer_start': 862}
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The first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the "Louis XVI style" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and "Empire", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomphe (designed in 1806). In England the t...
Structure of whom characterize England's second phase of neoclassical?
{'text': 'Sir John Soane', 'answer_start': 416}
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Thus, the languages mentioned above (Germanic, Romance, Slavic, Greek) have old terms for "green" which are derived from words for fresh, sprouting vegetation. However, comparative linguistics makes clear that these terms were coined independently, over the past few millennia, and there is no identifiable single Proto-...
What is the Germanic word for green?
{'text': 'zelenъ', 'answer_start': 379}
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According to statute, Qing society was divided into relatively closed estates, of which in most general terms there were five. Apart from the estates of the officials, the comparatively minuscule aristocracy, and the degree-holding literati, there also existed a major division among ordinary Chinese between commoners a...
What 2 groups were normal Chinese broken into?
{'text': 'the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people', 'answer_start': 404}
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An alternative concept is that they formed closer to the Sun, where the matter density was higher, and then subsequently migrated to their current orbits after the removal of the gaseous protoplanetary disc. This hypothesis of migration after formation is favoured, due to its ability to better explain the occupancy of ...
What does The Nice model consider effected the migration of Jupiter?
{'text': 'Kuiper belt', 'answer_start': 601}
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Tourism has been a key factor in economic development for many Southeast Asian countries, especially Cambodia. According to UNESCO, "tourism, if correctly conceived, can be a tremendous development tool and an effective means of preserving the cultural diversity of our planet." Since the early 1990s, "even the non-ASEA...
What industry is strong in Cambodia?
{'text': 'tourism', 'answer_start': 403}
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The logical format of an audio CD (officially Compact Disc Digital Audio or CD-DA) is described in a document produced in 1980 by the format's joint creators, Sony and Philips. The document is known colloquially as the Red Book CD-DA after the colour of its cover. The format is a two-channel 16-bit PCM encoding at a 44...
What was the sampling rate for the four-channel sound?
{'text': '44.1 kHz', 'answer_start': 318}
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Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in...
What angst did Feynman have against string theorists?
{'text': "they don't check their ideas", 'answer_start': 417}
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However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the N...
What animal was hunted mainly by Javan tigers?
{'text': 'Altai argali sheep', 'answer_start': 346}
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Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."
Who considered Christians more heretical than Shiite?
{'text': 'Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim', 'answer_start': 0}
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In September 1939, Britain entered the Second World War, which lasted until 1945. During the war, many of London's children were evacuated to avoid the frequent aerial bombing. The suggestion by senior politician Lord Hailsham that the two princesses should be evacuated to Canada was rejected by Elizabeth's mother, who...
How old was Elizabeth's sister in 1940?
{'text': '14-year-old', 'answer_start': 869}
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Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are now three hydroelectricity plants...
What is the average cost of electricity from a hydro plant smaller than 10 megawatts?
{'text': '3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour', 'answer_start': 617}
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Old English is one of the West Germanic languages, and its closest relatives are Old Frisian and Old Saxon. Like other old Germanic languages, it is very different from Modern English and difficult for Modern English speakers to understand without study. Old English grammar is quite similar to that of modern German: no...
What replaced runic writing in the 900's
{'text': 'a version of the Latin alphabet', 'answer_start': 552}
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To allow for agricultural development of the Great Plains and house a growing population, the US passed the Homestead Acts of 1862: it allowed a settler to claim up to 160 acres (65 ha) of land, provided that he lived on it for a period of five years and cultivated it. The provisions were expanded under the Kinkaid Act...
when did the US pass the Homestead ACt?
{'text': '1862', 'answer_start': 126}
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The city has many distinct neighborhoods. In addition to Downtown, centered on the central business district and the Green, are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of Dixwell and Dwight; the southern neighborhoods of The Hill, historic water-front City Point (or Oyster Point), and the harborside...
What is the name of the district nearing the harbor of the city?
{'text': 'Long Wharf', 'answer_start': 333}
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In 1997, the mammals were comprehensively revised by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell, which has resulted in the McKenna/Bell classification. Their 1997 book, Classification of Mammals above the Species Level, is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal ta...
What information about mammals does Simpson's book cover?
{'text': 'the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal taxa, living and extinct', 'answer_start': 256}
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Machine vision systems often require bright and homogeneous illumination, so features of interest are easier to process. LEDs are often used for this purpose, and this is likely to remain one of their major uses until the price drops low enough to make signaling and illumination uses more widespread. Barcode scanners a...
What is the most uncommon example of a machine vision system?
{'text': 'Barcode scanners', 'answer_start': 302}
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In late 2002, the Internet Archive removed various sites that were critical of Scientology from the Wayback Machine. An error message stated that this was in response to a "request by the site owner." Later, it was clarified that lawyers from the Church of Scientology had demanded the removal and that the site owners d...
Web pages that contained content critical of what religous movement were taken off of the Internet Archive in 2002?
{'text': 'Scientology', 'answer_start': 79}
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Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circul...
What work is Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas known for writing?
{'text': 'Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body)', 'answer_start': 198}
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In March 2003 the BBC announced that from the end of May 2003 (subsequently deferred to 14 July) it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels (including the 15 regional variations of BBC 1) unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite. This move was estimated to save the BBC £85 million over the nex...
What did BBC announce in May 2003?
{'text': 'it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels (including the 15 regional variations of BBC 1) unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite.', 'answer_start': 97}
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The use of alloys by humans started with the use of meteoric iron, a naturally occurring alloy of nickel and iron. It is the main constituent of iron meteorites which occasionally fall down on Earth from outer space. As no metallurgic processes were used to separate iron from nickel, the alloy was used as it was. Meteo...
What was used to separate the iron and nickelin meteoric iron? And
{'text': 'metallurgic processes', 'answer_start': 223}
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Glacial abrasion is commonly characterized by glacial striations. Glaciers produce these when they contain large boulders that carve long scratches in the bedrock. By mapping the direction of the striations, researchers can determine the direction of the glacier's movement. Similar to striations are chatter marks, line...
What is formed when glaciers lack boulders?
{'text': 'Glacial abrasion', 'answer_start': 0}
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The game features nine dungeons—large, contained areas where Link battles enemies, collects items, and solves puzzles. Link navigates these dungeons and fights a boss at the end in order to obtain an item or otherwise advance the plot. The dungeons are connected by a large overworld, across which Link can travel on foo...
What provides a bridge between the different dungeons?
{'text': 'overworld', 'answer_start': 274}
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In 1845, the Neapolitan architect Gaetano Genovese installed in the Royal Palace of Caserta the "Flying Chair", an elevator ahead of its time, covered with chestnut wood outside and with maple wood inside. It included a light, two benches and a hand operated signal, and could be activated from the outside, without any ...
What Neapolitan architect created the "Flying Chair" elevator?
{'text': 'Gaetano Genovese', 'answer_start': 34}
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In addition to the true folded mountains, known as the ridge and valley province, the area of dissected plateau to the north and west of the mountains is usually grouped with the Appalachians. This includes the Catskill Mountains of southeastern New York, the Poconos in Pennsylvania, and the Allegheny Plateau of southw...
What is the name of the plateau that is not the Allegheny?
{'text': 'Cumberland Plateau', 'answer_start': 434}
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Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A sec...
Which president signed an Act directing the delisting of the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf?
{'text': 'President Obama', 'answer_start': 224}
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In 144 BC Emperor Jing abolished private minting in favor of central-government and commandery-level minting; he also introduced a new coin. Emperor Wu introduced another in 120 BC, but a year later he abandoned the ban liangs entirely in favor of the wuzhu (五銖) coin, weighing 3.2 g (0.11 oz). The wuzhu became China's ...
What interrupted the use of the wuzhu coin during the reign of Wang Mang?
{'text': 'several new currencies', 'answer_start': 406}
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Of the new eastern religions introduced into the Greek world, the most successful was Christianity. From the early centuries of the Common Era, the Greeks identified as Romaioi ("Romans"), by that time the name ‘Hellenes’ denoted pagans. While ethnic distinctions still existed in the Roman Empire, they became secondary...
What alternative name weren't the Greeks known by?
{'text': 'Romaioi', 'answer_start': 169}
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One of the most popular shows on CBC Television is the weekly Saturday night broadcast of NHL hockey games, Hockey Night in Canada. It has been televised by the network since 1952. During the NHL lockout and subsequent cancellation of the 2004-2005 hockey season, CBC instead aired various recent and classic movies, bra...
What did CBC call it's movie showings during the NHL Lockout?
{'text': 'Movie Night in Canada', 'answer_start': 328}
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While Mont Blanc was first climbed in 1786, most of the Alpine four-thousanders were climbed during the first half of the 19th century; the ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865 marked the end of the golden age of alpinism. Karl Blodig (1859–1956) was among the first to successfully climb all the major 4,000 m peaks. He com...
When was Mont Blanc first climbed?
{'text': '1786', 'answer_start': 38}
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As of the census of 2000, there are 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in the city. The population density is 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.4/km²). There are 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 per square mile (2,237.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 78.29% Whit...
What is the population density per square mile?
{'text': '10,178.7', 'answer_start': 129}
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On March 13, 1969, on the Bái Háp River, Kerry was in charge of one of five Swift boats that were returning to their base after performing an Operation Sealords mission to transport South Vietnamese troops from the garrison at Cái Nước and MIKE Force advisors for a raid on a Vietcong camp located on the Rach Dong Cung ...
What boat was Kerry on, on Mar 13?
{'text': 'PCF-94', 'answer_start': 635}
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The convergence of these various sources into a uniform theory of groups started with Camille Jordan's Traité des substitutions et des équations algébriques (1870). Walther von Dyck (1882) introduced the idea of specifying a group by means of generators and relations, and was also the first to give an axiomatic definit...
What theory did Hermann Weyl study in addition to locally compact groups?
{'text': 'The theory of Lie groups', 'answer_start': 636}
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Proto-Slavic, sometimes referred to as Common Slavic or Late Proto-Slavic, is defined as the last stage of the language preceding the geographical split of the historical Slavic languages. That language was uniform, and on the basis of borrowings from foreign languages and Slavic borrowings into other languages, cannot...
Old Church Slavonic manuscripts were based on the local Slavic speech of what?
{'text': 'Thessaloniki', 'answer_start': 549}
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Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jesus Christ began to rule in heaven as king of God's kingdom in October 1914, and that Satan was subsequently ousted from heaven to the earth, resulting in "woe" to humanity. They believe that Jesus rules invisibly, from heaven, perceived only as a series of "signs". They base this bel...
How is the Greek word parousia translated when referring to Christ?
{'text': '"coming"', 'answer_start': 388}
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The collation of all known variants of a text is referred to as a variorum, namely a work of textual criticism whereby all variations and emendations are set side by side so that a reader can track how textual decisions have been made in the preparation of a text for publication. The Bible and the works of William Shak...
What author wasn't part of a variorum?
{'text': 'William Shakespeare', 'answer_start': 308}
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In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view...
What are the weaknesses of this model?
{'text': 'simplicity, generality, and quantifiability', 'answer_start': 417}
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The trophy comes in three parts - the cup itself, plus a lid and a base. There have been two designs of trophy in use, but five physical trophies have been presented. The original trophy, known as the "little tin idol", was 18 inches high and made by Martin, Hall & Co. It was stolen in 1895 and never recovered, and so ...
How many trophy designs have there bee?
{'text': 'There have been two designs of trophy in use', 'answer_start': 73}
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Estonia produces about 75% of its consumed electricity. In 2011 about 85% of it was generated with locally mined oil shale. Alternative energy sources such as wood, peat, and biomass make up approximately 9% of primary energy production. Renewable wind energy was about 6% of total consumption in 2009. Estonia imports p...
What percentage of electricity was produced from renewable energy in 2009?
{'text': '6%', 'answer_start': 270}
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In South Africa, the period of colonization resulted in many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes, resulting in mixed-race children. As the Europeans acquired territory and imposed rule over the Africans, they generally pushed mixed-race and Africans into second-class status. ...
What was a result of these marriages?
{'text': 'mixed-race children', 'answer_start': 155}
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Candidates for Freemasonry will have met most active members of the Lodge they are joining before they are initiated. The process varies between jurisdictions, but the candidate will typically have been introduced by a friend at a Lodge social function, or at some form of open evening in the Lodge. In modern times, int...
What usually follows an initial inquiry of a candidate?
{'text': 'an interview', 'answer_start': 531}
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The Neolithic 2 (PPNB) began around 8,800 BCE according to the ASPRO chronology in the Levant (Jericho, Israel). As with the PPNA dates, there are two versions from the same laboratories noted above. This system of terminology, however, is not convenient for southeast Anatolia and settlements of the middle Anatolia bas...
What is the name of one of the biggest prehistoric settlements the PPNA?
{'text': "'Ain Ghazal", 'answer_start': 545}
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This first list is referred to as the "Class of '67" in The Endangered Species Act at Thirty, Volume 1, which concludes that habitat destruction, the biggest threat to those 78 species, is still the same threat to the currently listed species. It included only vertebrates because the Department of Interior's definition...
What is the nickname given to the first listing of endangered species?
{'text': '"Class of \'67"', 'answer_start': 38}
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The current "Precentor" (Head of Music) is Tim Johnson, and the School boasts eight organs and an entire building for music (performance spaces include the School Hall, the Farrer Theatre and two halls dedicated to music, the Parry Hall and the Concert Hall). Many instruments are taught, including obscure ones such as ...
What term is given to the Head of Music?
{'text': '"Precentor"', 'answer_start': 12}