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import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional import Mathlib.RingTheory.IntegralClosure import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.IntegralNormalization #align_import ring_theory.algebraic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2196ab363eb097c008d4497125e0dde23fb36db2" universe u v w open scoped Classical open Polynomial section variable (R : Type u) {A : Type v} [CommRing R] [Ring A] [Algebra R A] def IsAlgebraic (x : A) : Prop := ∃ p : R[X], p ≠ 0 ∧ aeval x p = 0 #align is_algebraic IsAlgebraic def Transcendental (x : A) : Prop := ¬IsAlgebraic R x #align transcendental Transcendental theorem is_transcendental_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] (x : A) : Transcendental R x := fun ⟨p, h, _⟩ => h <| Subsingleton.elim p 0 #align is_transcendental_of_subsingleton is_transcendental_of_subsingleton variable {R} nonrec def Subalgebra.IsAlgebraic (S : Subalgebra R A) : Prop := ∀ x ∈ S, IsAlgebraic R x #align subalgebra.is_algebraic Subalgebra.IsAlgebraic variable (R A) protected class Algebra.IsAlgebraic : Prop := isAlgebraic : ∀ x : A, IsAlgebraic R x #align algebra.is_algebraic Algebra.IsAlgebraic variable {R A} lemma Algebra.isAlgebraic_def : Algebra.IsAlgebraic R A ↔ ∀ x : A, IsAlgebraic R x := ⟨fun ⟨h⟩ ↦ h, fun h ↦ ⟨h⟩⟩ theorem Subalgebra.isAlgebraic_iff (S : Subalgebra R A) : S.IsAlgebraic ↔ @Algebra.IsAlgebraic R S _ _ S.algebra := by delta Subalgebra.IsAlgebraic rw [Subtype.forall', Algebra.isAlgebraic_def] refine forall_congr' fun x => exists_congr fun p => and_congr Iff.rfl ?_ have h : Function.Injective S.val := Subtype.val_injective conv_rhs => rw [← h.eq_iff, AlgHom.map_zero] rw [← aeval_algHom_apply, S.val_apply] #align subalgebra.is_algebraic_iff Subalgebra.isAlgebraic_iff theorem Algebra.isAlgebraic_iff : Algebra.IsAlgebraic R A ↔ (⊤ : Subalgebra R A).IsAlgebraic := by delta Subalgebra.IsAlgebraic simp only [Algebra.isAlgebraic_def, Algebra.mem_top, forall_prop_of_true, iff_self_iff] #align algebra.is_algebraic_iff Algebra.isAlgebraic_iff theorem isAlgebraic_iff_not_injective {x : A} : IsAlgebraic R x ↔ ¬Function.Injective (Polynomial.aeval x : R[X] →ₐ[R] A) := by simp only [IsAlgebraic, injective_iff_map_eq_zero, not_forall, and_comm, exists_prop] #align is_algebraic_iff_not_injective isAlgebraic_iff_not_injective end section zero_ne_one variable {R : Type u} {S : Type*} {A : Type v} [CommRing R] variable [CommRing S] [Ring A] [Algebra R A] [Algebra R S] [Algebra S A] variable [IsScalarTower R S A] theorem IsIntegral.isAlgebraic [Nontrivial R] {x : A} : IsIntegral R x → IsAlgebraic R x := fun ⟨p, hp, hpx⟩ => ⟨p, hp.ne_zero, hpx⟩ #align is_integral.is_algebraic IsIntegral.isAlgebraic instance Algebra.IsIntegral.isAlgebraic [Nontrivial R] [Algebra.IsIntegral R A] : Algebra.IsAlgebraic R A := ⟨fun a ↦ (Algebra.IsIntegral.isIntegral a).isAlgebraic⟩ theorem isAlgebraic_zero [Nontrivial R] : IsAlgebraic R (0 : A) := ⟨_, X_ne_zero, aeval_X 0⟩ #align is_algebraic_zero isAlgebraic_zero theorem isAlgebraic_algebraMap [Nontrivial R] (x : R) : IsAlgebraic R (algebraMap R A x) := ⟨_, X_sub_C_ne_zero x, by rw [_root_.map_sub, aeval_X, aeval_C, sub_self]⟩ #align is_algebraic_algebra_map isAlgebraic_algebraMap theorem isAlgebraic_one [Nontrivial R] : IsAlgebraic R (1 : A) := by rw [← _root_.map_one (algebraMap R A)] exact isAlgebraic_algebraMap 1 #align is_algebraic_one isAlgebraic_one theorem isAlgebraic_nat [Nontrivial R] (n : ℕ) : IsAlgebraic R (n : A) := by rw [← map_natCast (_ : R →+* A) n] exact isAlgebraic_algebraMap (Nat.cast n) #align is_algebraic_nat isAlgebraic_nat
Mathlib/RingTheory/Algebraic.lean
123
125
theorem isAlgebraic_int [Nontrivial R] (n : ℤ) : IsAlgebraic R (n : A) := by
rw [← _root_.map_intCast (algebraMap R A)] exact isAlgebraic_algebraMap (Int.cast n)
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Opposites #align_import category_theory.eq_to_hom from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"dc6c365e751e34d100e80fe6e314c3c3e0fd2988" universe v₁ v₂ v₃ u₁ u₂ u₃ -- morphism levels before object levels. See note [CategoryTheory universes]. namespace CategoryTheory open Opposite variable {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁} C] def eqToHom {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : X ⟶ Y := by rw [p]; exact 𝟙 _ #align category_theory.eq_to_hom CategoryTheory.eqToHom @[simp] theorem eqToHom_refl (X : C) (p : X = X) : eqToHom p = 𝟙 X := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_refl CategoryTheory.eqToHom_refl @[reassoc (attr := simp)] theorem eqToHom_trans {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y = Z) : eqToHom p ≫ eqToHom q = eqToHom (p.trans q) := by cases p cases q simp #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_trans CategoryTheory.eqToHom_trans theorem comp_eqToHom_iff {X Y Y' : C} (p : Y = Y') (f : X ⟶ Y) (g : X ⟶ Y') : f ≫ eqToHom p = g ↔ f = g ≫ eqToHom p.symm := { mp := fun h => h ▸ by simp mpr := fun h => by simp [eq_whisker h (eqToHom p)] } #align category_theory.comp_eq_to_hom_iff CategoryTheory.comp_eqToHom_iff theorem eqToHom_comp_iff {X X' Y : C} (p : X = X') (f : X ⟶ Y) (g : X' ⟶ Y) : eqToHom p ≫ g = f ↔ g = eqToHom p.symm ≫ f := { mp := fun h => h ▸ by simp mpr := fun h => h ▸ by simp [whisker_eq _ h] } #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_comp_iff CategoryTheory.eqToHom_comp_iff variable {β : Sort*} -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ⟶ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : z j ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ z j' := by cases w simp -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_iso_hom_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ≅ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : (z j).hom ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ (z j').hom := by cases w simp -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_iso_inv_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ≅ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : (z j).inv ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ (z j').inv := by cases w simp @[simp, nolint simpNF] theorem congrArg_cast_hom_left {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y ⟶ Z) : cast (congrArg (fun W : C => W ⟶ Z) p.symm) q = eqToHom p ≫ q := by cases p simp theorem congrArg_mpr_hom_left {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y ⟶ Z) : (congrArg (fun W : C => W ⟶ Z) p).mpr q = eqToHom p ≫ q := by cases p simp #align category_theory.congr_arg_mpr_hom_left CategoryTheory.congrArg_mpr_hom_left @[simp, nolint simpNF] theorem congrArg_cast_hom_right {X Y Z : C} (p : X ⟶ Y) (q : Z = Y) : cast (congrArg (fun W : C => X ⟶ W) q.symm) p = p ≫ eqToHom q.symm := by cases q simp theorem congrArg_mpr_hom_right {X Y Z : C} (p : X ⟶ Y) (q : Z = Y) : (congrArg (fun W : C => X ⟶ W) q).mpr p = p ≫ eqToHom q.symm := by cases q simp #align category_theory.congr_arg_mpr_hom_right CategoryTheory.congrArg_mpr_hom_right def eqToIso {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : X ≅ Y := ⟨eqToHom p, eqToHom p.symm, by simp, by simp⟩ #align category_theory.eq_to_iso CategoryTheory.eqToIso @[simp] theorem eqToIso.hom {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : (eqToIso p).hom = eqToHom p := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso.hom CategoryTheory.eqToIso.hom @[simp] theorem eqToIso.inv {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : (eqToIso p).inv = eqToHom p.symm := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso.inv CategoryTheory.eqToIso.inv @[simp] theorem eqToIso_refl {X : C} (p : X = X) : eqToIso p = Iso.refl X := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso_refl CategoryTheory.eqToIso_refl @[simp] theorem eqToIso_trans {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y = Z) : eqToIso p ≪≫ eqToIso q = eqToIso (p.trans q) := by ext; simp #align category_theory.eq_to_iso_trans CategoryTheory.eqToIso_trans @[simp] theorem eqToHom_op {X Y : C} (h : X = Y) : (eqToHom h).op = eqToHom (congr_arg op h.symm) := by cases h rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_op CategoryTheory.eqToHom_op @[simp] theorem eqToHom_unop {X Y : Cᵒᵖ} (h : X = Y) : (eqToHom h).unop = eqToHom (congr_arg unop h.symm) := by cases h rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_unop CategoryTheory.eqToHom_unop instance {X Y : C} (h : X = Y) : IsIso (eqToHom h) := (eqToIso h).isIso_hom @[simp] theorem inv_eqToHom {X Y : C} (h : X = Y) : inv (eqToHom h) = eqToHom h.symm := by aesop_cat #align category_theory.inv_eq_to_hom CategoryTheory.inv_eqToHom variable {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂} D] namespace Functor theorem ext {F G : C ⥤ D} (h_obj : ∀ X, F.obj X = G.obj X) (h_map : ∀ X Y f, F.map f = eqToHom (h_obj X) ≫ G.map f ≫ eqToHom (h_obj Y).symm := by aesop_cat) : F = G := by match F, G with | mk F_pre _ _ , mk G_pre _ _ => match F_pre, G_pre with -- Porting note: did not unfold the Prefunctor unlike Lean3 | Prefunctor.mk F_obj _ , Prefunctor.mk G_obj _ => obtain rfl : F_obj = G_obj := by ext X apply h_obj congr funext X Y f simpa using h_map X Y f #align category_theory.functor.ext CategoryTheory.Functor.ext lemma ext_of_iso {F G : C ⥤ D} (e : F ≅ G) (hobj : ∀ X, F.obj X = G.obj X) (happ : ∀ X, e.hom.app X = eqToHom (hobj X)) : F = G := Functor.ext hobj (fun X Y f => by rw [← cancel_mono (e.hom.app Y), e.hom.naturality f, happ, happ, Category.assoc, Category.assoc, eqToHom_trans, eqToHom_refl, Category.comp_id]) theorem conj_eqToHom_iff_heq {W X Y Z : C} (f : W ⟶ X) (g : Y ⟶ Z) (h : W = Y) (h' : X = Z) : f = eqToHom h ≫ g ≫ eqToHom h'.symm ↔ HEq f g := by cases h cases h' simp #align category_theory.functor.conj_eq_to_hom_iff_heq CategoryTheory.Functor.conj_eqToHom_iff_heq theorem hext {F G : C ⥤ D} (h_obj : ∀ X, F.obj X = G.obj X) (h_map : ∀ (X Y) (f : X ⟶ Y), HEq (F.map f) (G.map f)) : F = G := Functor.ext h_obj fun _ _ f => (conj_eqToHom_iff_heq _ _ (h_obj _) (h_obj _)).2 <| h_map _ _ f #align category_theory.functor.hext CategoryTheory.Functor.hext -- Using equalities between functors. theorem congr_obj {F G : C ⥤ D} (h : F = G) (X) : F.obj X = G.obj X := by rw [h] #align category_theory.functor.congr_obj CategoryTheory.Functor.congr_obj theorem congr_hom {F G : C ⥤ D} (h : F = G) {X Y} (f : X ⟶ Y) : F.map f = eqToHom (congr_obj h X) ≫ G.map f ≫ eqToHom (congr_obj h Y).symm := by subst h; simp #align category_theory.functor.congr_hom CategoryTheory.Functor.congr_hom theorem congr_inv_of_congr_hom (F G : C ⥤ D) {X Y : C} (e : X ≅ Y) (hX : F.obj X = G.obj X) (hY : F.obj Y = G.obj Y) (h₂ : F.map e.hom = eqToHom (by rw [hX]) ≫ G.map e.hom ≫ eqToHom (by rw [hY])) : F.map e.inv = eqToHom (by rw [hY]) ≫ G.map e.inv ≫ eqToHom (by rw [hX]) := by simp only [← IsIso.Iso.inv_hom e, Functor.map_inv, h₂, IsIso.inv_comp, inv_eqToHom, Category.assoc] #align category_theory.functor.congr_inv_of_congr_hom CategoryTheory.Functor.congr_inv_of_congr_hom section HEq -- Composition of functors and maps w.r.t. heq variable {E : Type u₃} [Category.{v₃} E] {F G : C ⥤ D} {X Y Z : C} {f : X ⟶ Y} {g : Y ⟶ Z} theorem map_comp_heq (hx : F.obj X = G.obj X) (hy : F.obj Y = G.obj Y) (hz : F.obj Z = G.obj Z) (hf : HEq (F.map f) (G.map f)) (hg : HEq (F.map g) (G.map g)) : HEq (F.map (f ≫ g)) (G.map (f ≫ g)) := by rw [F.map_comp, G.map_comp] congr #align category_theory.functor.map_comp_heq CategoryTheory.Functor.map_comp_heq
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/EqToHom.lean
265
268
theorem map_comp_heq' (hobj : ∀ X : C, F.obj X = G.obj X) (hmap : ∀ {X Y} (f : X ⟶ Y), HEq (F.map f) (G.map f)) : HEq (F.map (f ≫ g)) (G.map (f ≫ g)) := by
rw [Functor.hext hobj fun _ _ => hmap]
import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Defs import Mathlib.Data.Option.Basic import Mathlib.Data.List.Defs import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Basic import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Instances import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Lemmas import Mathlib.Logic.Unique import Mathlib.Order.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.Common #align_import data.list.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83" assert_not_exists Set.range assert_not_exists GroupWithZero assert_not_exists Ring open Function open Nat hiding one_pos namespace List universe u v w variable {ι : Type*} {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {γ : Type w} {l₁ l₂ : List α} -- Porting note: Delete this attribute -- attribute [inline] List.head! instance uniqueOfIsEmpty [IsEmpty α] : Unique (List α) := { instInhabitedList with uniq := fun l => match l with | [] => rfl | a :: _ => isEmptyElim a } #align list.unique_of_is_empty List.uniqueOfIsEmpty instance : Std.LawfulIdentity (α := List α) Append.append [] where left_id := nil_append right_id := append_nil instance : Std.Associative (α := List α) Append.append where assoc := append_assoc #align list.cons_ne_nil List.cons_ne_nil #align list.cons_ne_self List.cons_ne_self #align list.head_eq_of_cons_eq List.head_eq_of_cons_eqₓ -- implicits order #align list.tail_eq_of_cons_eq List.tail_eq_of_cons_eqₓ -- implicits order @[simp] theorem cons_injective {a : α} : Injective (cons a) := fun _ _ => tail_eq_of_cons_eq #align list.cons_injective List.cons_injective #align list.cons_inj List.cons_inj #align list.cons_eq_cons List.cons_eq_cons theorem singleton_injective : Injective fun a : α => [a] := fun _ _ h => (cons_eq_cons.1 h).1 #align list.singleton_injective List.singleton_injective theorem singleton_inj {a b : α} : [a] = [b] ↔ a = b := singleton_injective.eq_iff #align list.singleton_inj List.singleton_inj #align list.exists_cons_of_ne_nil List.exists_cons_of_ne_nil theorem set_of_mem_cons (l : List α) (a : α) : { x | x ∈ a :: l } = insert a { x | x ∈ l } := Set.ext fun _ => mem_cons #align list.set_of_mem_cons List.set_of_mem_cons #align list.mem_singleton_self List.mem_singleton_self #align list.eq_of_mem_singleton List.eq_of_mem_singleton #align list.mem_singleton List.mem_singleton #align list.mem_of_mem_cons_of_mem List.mem_of_mem_cons_of_mem theorem _root_.Decidable.List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem [DecidableEq α] {a b : α} {l : List α} (h : a ∈ b :: l) : a = b ∨ a ≠ b ∧ a ∈ l := by by_cases hab : a = b · exact Or.inl hab · exact ((List.mem_cons.1 h).elim Or.inl (fun h => Or.inr ⟨hab, h⟩)) #align decidable.list.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem Decidable.List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem #align list.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem #align list.not_mem_append List.not_mem_append #align list.ne_nil_of_mem List.ne_nil_of_mem lemma mem_pair {a b c : α} : a ∈ [b, c] ↔ a = b ∨ a = c := by rw [mem_cons, mem_singleton] @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-23")] alias mem_split := append_of_mem #align list.mem_split List.append_of_mem #align list.mem_of_ne_of_mem List.mem_of_ne_of_mem #align list.ne_of_not_mem_cons List.ne_of_not_mem_cons #align list.not_mem_of_not_mem_cons List.not_mem_of_not_mem_cons #align list.not_mem_cons_of_ne_of_not_mem List.not_mem_cons_of_ne_of_not_mem #align list.ne_and_not_mem_of_not_mem_cons List.ne_and_not_mem_of_not_mem_cons #align list.mem_map List.mem_map #align list.exists_of_mem_map List.exists_of_mem_map #align list.mem_map_of_mem List.mem_map_of_memₓ -- implicits order -- The simpNF linter says that the LHS can be simplified via `List.mem_map`. -- However this is a higher priority lemma. -- https://github.com/leanprover/std4/issues/207 @[simp 1100, nolint simpNF] theorem mem_map_of_injective {f : α → β} (H : Injective f) {a : α} {l : List α} : f a ∈ map f l ↔ a ∈ l := ⟨fun m => let ⟨_, m', e⟩ := exists_of_mem_map m; H e ▸ m', mem_map_of_mem _⟩ #align list.mem_map_of_injective List.mem_map_of_injective @[simp] theorem _root_.Function.Involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff {f : α → α} (hf : Function.Involutive f) (x : α) (l : List α) : (∃ y : α, y ∈ l ∧ f y = x) ↔ f x ∈ l := ⟨by rintro ⟨y, h, rfl⟩; rwa [hf y], fun h => ⟨f x, h, hf _⟩⟩ #align function.involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff Function.Involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff theorem mem_map_of_involutive {f : α → α} (hf : Involutive f) {a : α} {l : List α} : a ∈ map f l ↔ f a ∈ l := by rw [mem_map, hf.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff] #align list.mem_map_of_involutive List.mem_map_of_involutive #align list.forall_mem_map_iff List.forall_mem_map_iffₓ -- universe order #align list.map_eq_nil List.map_eq_nilₓ -- universe order attribute [simp] List.mem_join #align list.mem_join List.mem_join #align list.exists_of_mem_join List.exists_of_mem_join #align list.mem_join_of_mem List.mem_join_of_memₓ -- implicits order attribute [simp] List.mem_bind #align list.mem_bind List.mem_bindₓ -- implicits order -- Porting note: bExists in Lean3, And in Lean4 #align list.exists_of_mem_bind List.exists_of_mem_bindₓ -- implicits order #align list.mem_bind_of_mem List.mem_bind_of_memₓ -- implicits order #align list.bind_map List.bind_mapₓ -- implicits order theorem map_bind (g : β → List γ) (f : α → β) : ∀ l : List α, (List.map f l).bind g = l.bind fun a => g (f a) | [] => rfl | a :: l => by simp only [cons_bind, map_cons, map_bind _ _ l] #align list.map_bind List.map_bind #align list.length_eq_zero List.length_eq_zero #align list.length_singleton List.length_singleton #align list.length_pos_of_mem List.length_pos_of_mem #align list.exists_mem_of_length_pos List.exists_mem_of_length_pos #align list.length_pos_iff_exists_mem List.length_pos_iff_exists_mem alias ⟨ne_nil_of_length_pos, length_pos_of_ne_nil⟩ := length_pos #align list.ne_nil_of_length_pos List.ne_nil_of_length_pos #align list.length_pos_of_ne_nil List.length_pos_of_ne_nil theorem length_pos_iff_ne_nil {l : List α} : 0 < length l ↔ l ≠ [] := ⟨ne_nil_of_length_pos, length_pos_of_ne_nil⟩ #align list.length_pos_iff_ne_nil List.length_pos_iff_ne_nil #align list.exists_mem_of_ne_nil List.exists_mem_of_ne_nil #align list.length_eq_one List.length_eq_one theorem exists_of_length_succ {n} : ∀ l : List α, l.length = n + 1 → ∃ h t, l = h :: t | [], H => absurd H.symm <| succ_ne_zero n | h :: t, _ => ⟨h, t, rfl⟩ #align list.exists_of_length_succ List.exists_of_length_succ @[simp] lemma length_injective_iff : Injective (List.length : List α → ℕ) ↔ Subsingleton α := by constructor · intro h; refine ⟨fun x y => ?_⟩; (suffices [x] = [y] by simpa using this); apply h; rfl · intros hα l1 l2 hl induction l1 generalizing l2 <;> cases l2 · rfl · cases hl · cases hl · next ih _ _ => congr · exact Subsingleton.elim _ _ · apply ih; simpa using hl #align list.length_injective_iff List.length_injective_iff @[simp default+1] -- Porting note: this used to be just @[simp] lemma length_injective [Subsingleton α] : Injective (length : List α → ℕ) := length_injective_iff.mpr inferInstance #align list.length_injective List.length_injective theorem length_eq_two {l : List α} : l.length = 2 ↔ ∃ a b, l = [a, b] := ⟨fun _ => let [a, b] := l; ⟨a, b, rfl⟩, fun ⟨_, _, e⟩ => e ▸ rfl⟩ #align list.length_eq_two List.length_eq_two theorem length_eq_three {l : List α} : l.length = 3 ↔ ∃ a b c, l = [a, b, c] := ⟨fun _ => let [a, b, c] := l; ⟨a, b, c, rfl⟩, fun ⟨_, _, _, e⟩ => e ▸ rfl⟩ #align list.length_eq_three List.length_eq_three #align list.sublist.length_le List.Sublist.length_le -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance instSingletonList : Singleton α (List α) := ⟨fun x => [x]⟩ #align list.has_singleton List.instSingletonList -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance [DecidableEq α] : Insert α (List α) := ⟨List.insert⟩ -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance [DecidableEq α] : LawfulSingleton α (List α) := { insert_emptyc_eq := fun x => show (if x ∈ ([] : List α) then [] else [x]) = [x] from if_neg (not_mem_nil _) } #align list.empty_eq List.empty_eq theorem singleton_eq (x : α) : ({x} : List α) = [x] := rfl #align list.singleton_eq List.singleton_eq theorem insert_neg [DecidableEq α] {x : α} {l : List α} (h : x ∉ l) : Insert.insert x l = x :: l := insert_of_not_mem h #align list.insert_neg List.insert_neg theorem insert_pos [DecidableEq α] {x : α} {l : List α} (h : x ∈ l) : Insert.insert x l = l := insert_of_mem h #align list.insert_pos List.insert_pos
Mathlib/Data/List/Basic.lean
255
257
theorem doubleton_eq [DecidableEq α] {x y : α} (h : x ≠ y) : ({x, y} : List α) = [x, y] := by
rw [insert_neg, singleton_eq] rwa [singleton_eq, mem_singleton]
import Mathlib.Topology.Separation import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Cauchy #align_import topology.uniform_space.uniform_convergence from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2705404e701abc6b3127da906f40bae062a169c9" noncomputable section open Topology Uniformity Filter Set universe u v w x variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {γ : Type w} {ι : Type x} [UniformSpace β] variable {F : ι → α → β} {f : α → β} {s s' : Set α} {x : α} {p : Filter ι} {p' : Filter α} {g : ι → α} def TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (F : ι → α → β) (f : α → β) (p : Filter ι) (p' : Filter α) := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ᶠ n : ι × α in p ×ˢ p', (f n.snd, F n.fst n.snd) ∈ u #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter TendstoUniformlyOnFilter theorem tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p' ↔ Tendsto (fun q : ι × α => (f q.2, F q.1 q.2)) (p ×ˢ p') (𝓤 β) := Iff.rfl #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter_iff_tendsto tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto def TendstoUniformlyOn (F : ι → α → β) (f : α → β) (p : Filter ι) (s : Set α) := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ᶠ n in p, ∀ x : α, x ∈ s → (f x, F n x) ∈ u #align tendsto_uniformly_on TendstoUniformlyOn theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s ↔ TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p (𝓟 s) := by simp only [TendstoUniformlyOn, TendstoUniformlyOnFilter] apply forall₂_congr simp_rw [eventually_prod_principal_iff] simp #align tendsto_uniformly_on_iff_tendsto_uniformly_on_filter tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter alias ⟨TendstoUniformlyOn.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter, TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendstoUniformlyOn⟩ := tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter #align tendsto_uniformly_on.tendsto_uniformly_on_filter TendstoUniformlyOn.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.tendsto_uniformly_on TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendstoUniformlyOn theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendsto {F : ι → α → β} {f : α → β} {p : Filter ι} {s : Set α} : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s ↔ Tendsto (fun q : ι × α => (f q.2, F q.1 q.2)) (p ×ˢ 𝓟 s) (𝓤 β) := by simp [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter, tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto] #align tendsto_uniformly_on_iff_tendsto tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendsto def TendstoUniformly (F : ι → α → β) (f : α → β) (p : Filter ι) := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ᶠ n in p, ∀ x : α, (f x, F n x) ∈ u #align tendsto_uniformly TendstoUniformly -- Porting note: moved from below theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_univ : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p univ ↔ TendstoUniformly F f p := by simp [TendstoUniformlyOn, TendstoUniformly] #align tendsto_uniformly_on_univ tendstoUniformlyOn_univ theorem tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter : TendstoUniformly F f p ↔ TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p ⊤ := by rw [← tendstoUniformlyOn_univ, tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter, principal_univ] #align tendsto_uniformly_iff_tendsto_uniformly_on_filter tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter theorem TendstoUniformly.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p ⊤ := by rwa [← tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] #align tendsto_uniformly.tendsto_uniformly_on_filter TendstoUniformly.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformly_comp_coe : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s ↔ TendstoUniformly (fun i (x : s) => F i x) (f ∘ (↑)) p := forall₂_congr fun u _ => by simp #align tendsto_uniformly_on_iff_tendsto_uniformly_comp_coe tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformly_comp_coe theorem tendstoUniformly_iff_tendsto {F : ι → α → β} {f : α → β} {p : Filter ι} : TendstoUniformly F f p ↔ Tendsto (fun q : ι × α => (f q.2, F q.1 q.2)) (p ×ˢ ⊤) (𝓤 β) := by simp [tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter, tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto] #align tendsto_uniformly_iff_tendsto tendstoUniformly_iff_tendsto theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendsto_at (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (hx : 𝓟 {x} ≤ p') : Tendsto (fun n => F n x) p <| 𝓝 (f x) := by refine Uniform.tendsto_nhds_right.mpr fun u hu => mem_map.mpr ?_ filter_upwards [(h u hu).curry] intro i h simpa using h.filter_mono hx #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.tendsto_at TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendsto_at theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.tendsto_at (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) {x : α} (hx : x ∈ s) : Tendsto (fun n => F n x) p <| 𝓝 (f x) := h.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendsto_at (le_principal_iff.mpr <| mem_principal.mpr <| singleton_subset_iff.mpr <| hx) #align tendsto_uniformly_on.tendsto_at TendstoUniformlyOn.tendsto_at theorem TendstoUniformly.tendsto_at (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) (x : α) : Tendsto (fun n => F n x) p <| 𝓝 (f x) := h.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.tendsto_at le_top #align tendsto_uniformly.tendsto_at TendstoUniformly.tendsto_at -- Porting note: tendstoUniformlyOn_univ moved up theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mono_left {p'' : Filter ι} (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (hp : p'' ≤ p) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p'' p' := fun u hu => (h u hu).filter_mono (p'.prod_mono_left hp) #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.mono_left TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mono_left theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mono_right {p'' : Filter α} (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (hp : p'' ≤ p') : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p'' := fun u hu => (h u hu).filter_mono (p.prod_mono_right hp) #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.mono_right TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mono_right theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.mono {s' : Set α} (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (h' : s' ⊆ s) : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s' := tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mpr (h.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mono_right (le_principal_iff.mpr <| mem_principal.mpr h')) #align tendsto_uniformly_on.mono TendstoUniformlyOn.mono theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.congr {F' : ι → α → β} (hf : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (hff' : ∀ᶠ n : ι × α in p ×ˢ p', F n.fst n.snd = F' n.fst n.snd) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F' f p p' := by refine fun u hu => ((hf u hu).and hff').mono fun n h => ?_ rw [← h.right] exact h.left #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.congr TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.congr theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.congr {F' : ι → α → β} (hf : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (hff' : ∀ᶠ n in p, Set.EqOn (F n) (F' n) s) : TendstoUniformlyOn F' f p s := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] at hf ⊢ refine hf.congr ?_ rw [eventually_iff] at hff' ⊢ simp only [Set.EqOn] at hff' simp only [mem_prod_principal, hff', mem_setOf_eq] #align tendsto_uniformly_on.congr TendstoUniformlyOn.congr theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.congr_right {g : α → β} (hf : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (hfg : EqOn f g s) : TendstoUniformlyOn F g p s := fun u hu => by filter_upwards [hf u hu] with i hi a ha using hfg ha ▸ hi a ha #align tendsto_uniformly_on.congr_right TendstoUniformlyOn.congr_right protected theorem TendstoUniformly.tendstoUniformlyOn (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s := (tendstoUniformlyOn_univ.2 h).mono (subset_univ s) #align tendsto_uniformly.tendsto_uniformly_on TendstoUniformly.tendstoUniformlyOn theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.comp (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (g : γ → α) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (fun n => F n ∘ g) (f ∘ g) p (p'.comap g) := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto] at h ⊢ exact h.comp (tendsto_id.prod_map tendsto_comap) #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.comp TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.comp theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.comp (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (g : γ → α) : TendstoUniformlyOn (fun n => F n ∘ g) (f ∘ g) p (g ⁻¹' s) := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] at h ⊢ simpa [TendstoUniformlyOn, comap_principal] using TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.comp h g #align tendsto_uniformly_on.comp TendstoUniformlyOn.comp theorem TendstoUniformly.comp (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) (g : γ → α) : TendstoUniformly (fun n => F n ∘ g) (f ∘ g) p := by rw [tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] at h ⊢ simpa [principal_univ, comap_principal] using h.comp g #align tendsto_uniformly.comp TendstoUniformly.comp theorem UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter [UniformSpace γ] {g : β → γ} (hg : UniformContinuous g) (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (fun i => g ∘ F i) (g ∘ f) p p' := fun _u hu => h _ (hg hu) #align uniform_continuous.comp_tendsto_uniformly_on_filter UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter theorem UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformlyOn [UniformSpace γ] {g : β → γ} (hg : UniformContinuous g) (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) : TendstoUniformlyOn (fun i => g ∘ F i) (g ∘ f) p s := fun _u hu => h _ (hg hu) #align uniform_continuous.comp_tendsto_uniformly_on UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformlyOn theorem UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformly [UniformSpace γ] {g : β → γ} (hg : UniformContinuous g) (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) : TendstoUniformly (fun i => g ∘ F i) (g ∘ f) p := fun _u hu => h _ (hg hu) #align uniform_continuous.comp_tendsto_uniformly UniformContinuous.comp_tendstoUniformly theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.prod_map {ι' α' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α' → β'} {f' : α' → β'} {q : Filter ι'} {q' : Filter α'} (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (h' : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F' f' q q') : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (fun i : ι × ι' => Prod.map (F i.1) (F' i.2)) (Prod.map f f') (p ×ˢ q) (p' ×ˢ q') := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_iff_tendsto] at h h' ⊢ rw [uniformity_prod_eq_comap_prod, tendsto_comap_iff, ← map_swap4_prod, tendsto_map'_iff] convert h.prod_map h' -- seems to be faster than `exact` here #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.prod_map TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.prod_map theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.prod_map {ι' α' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α' → β'} {f' : α' → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} {s' : Set α'} (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (h' : TendstoUniformlyOn F' f' p' s') : TendstoUniformlyOn (fun i : ι × ι' => Prod.map (F i.1) (F' i.2)) (Prod.map f f') (p ×ˢ p') (s ×ˢ s') := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] at h h' ⊢ simpa only [prod_principal_principal] using h.prod_map h' #align tendsto_uniformly_on.prod_map TendstoUniformlyOn.prod_map theorem TendstoUniformly.prod_map {ι' α' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α' → β'} {f' : α' → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) (h' : TendstoUniformly F' f' p') : TendstoUniformly (fun i : ι × ι' => Prod.map (F i.1) (F' i.2)) (Prod.map f f') (p ×ˢ p') := by rw [← tendstoUniformlyOn_univ, ← univ_prod_univ] at * exact h.prod_map h' #align tendsto_uniformly.prod_map TendstoUniformly.prod_map theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.prod {ι' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α → β'} {f' : α → β'} {q : Filter ι'} (h : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') (h' : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F' f' q p') : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (fun (i : ι × ι') a => (F i.1 a, F' i.2 a)) (fun a => (f a, f' a)) (p ×ˢ q) p' := fun u hu => ((h.prod_map h') u hu).diag_of_prod_right #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.prod TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.prod theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.prod {ι' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α → β'} {f' : α → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} (h : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) (h' : TendstoUniformlyOn F' f' p' s) : TendstoUniformlyOn (fun (i : ι × ι') a => (F i.1 a, F' i.2 a)) (fun a => (f a, f' a)) (p.prod p') s := (congr_arg _ s.inter_self).mp ((h.prod_map h').comp fun a => (a, a)) #align tendsto_uniformly_on.prod TendstoUniformlyOn.prod theorem TendstoUniformly.prod {ι' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α → β'} {f' : α → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} (h : TendstoUniformly F f p) (h' : TendstoUniformly F' f' p') : TendstoUniformly (fun (i : ι × ι') a => (F i.1 a, F' i.2 a)) (fun a => (f a, f' a)) (p ×ˢ p') := (h.prod_map h').comp fun a => (a, a) #align tendsto_uniformly.prod TendstoUniformly.prod theorem tendsto_prod_filter_iff {c : β} : Tendsto (↿F) (p ×ˢ p') (𝓝 c) ↔ TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F (fun _ => c) p p' := by simp_rw [nhds_eq_comap_uniformity, tendsto_comap_iff] rfl #align tendsto_prod_filter_iff tendsto_prod_filter_iff theorem tendsto_prod_principal_iff {c : β} : Tendsto (↿F) (p ×ˢ 𝓟 s) (𝓝 c) ↔ TendstoUniformlyOn F (fun _ => c) p s := by rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] exact tendsto_prod_filter_iff #align tendsto_prod_principal_iff tendsto_prod_principal_iff theorem tendsto_prod_top_iff {c : β} : Tendsto (↿F) (p ×ˢ ⊤) (𝓝 c) ↔ TendstoUniformly F (fun _ => c) p := by rw [tendstoUniformly_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter] exact tendsto_prod_filter_iff #align tendsto_prod_top_iff tendsto_prod_top_iff theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_empty : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p ∅ := fun u _ => by simp #align tendsto_uniformly_on_empty tendstoUniformlyOn_empty theorem tendstoUniformlyOn_singleton_iff_tendsto : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p {x} ↔ Tendsto (fun n : ι => F n x) p (𝓝 (f x)) := by simp_rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendsto, Uniform.tendsto_nhds_right, tendsto_def] exact forall₂_congr fun u _ => by simp [mem_prod_principal, preimage] #align tendsto_uniformly_on_singleton_iff_tendsto tendstoUniformlyOn_singleton_iff_tendsto theorem Filter.Tendsto.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_const {g : ι → β} {b : β} (hg : Tendsto g p (𝓝 b)) (p' : Filter α) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter (fun n : ι => fun _ : α => g n) (fun _ : α => b) p p' := by simpa only [nhds_eq_comap_uniformity, tendsto_comap_iff] using hg.comp (tendsto_fst (g := p')) #align filter.tendsto.tendsto_uniformly_on_filter_const Filter.Tendsto.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_const theorem Filter.Tendsto.tendstoUniformlyOn_const {g : ι → β} {b : β} (hg : Tendsto g p (𝓝 b)) (s : Set α) : TendstoUniformlyOn (fun n : ι => fun _ : α => g n) (fun _ : α => b) p s := tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mpr (hg.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_const (𝓟 s)) #align filter.tendsto.tendsto_uniformly_on_const Filter.Tendsto.tendstoUniformlyOn_const -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem UniformContinuousOn.tendstoUniformlyOn [UniformSpace α] [UniformSpace γ] {x : α} {U : Set α} {V : Set β} {F : α → β → γ} (hF : UniformContinuousOn (↿F) (U ×ˢ V)) (hU : x ∈ U) : TendstoUniformlyOn F (F x) (𝓝[U] x) V := by set φ := fun q : α × β => ((x, q.2), q) rw [tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendsto] change Tendsto (Prod.map (↿F) ↿F ∘ φ) (𝓝[U] x ×ˢ 𝓟 V) (𝓤 γ) simp only [nhdsWithin, SProd.sprod, Filter.prod, comap_inf, inf_assoc, comap_principal, inf_principal] refine hF.comp (Tendsto.inf ?_ <| tendsto_principal_principal.2 fun x hx => ⟨⟨hU, hx.2⟩, hx⟩) simp only [uniformity_prod_eq_comap_prod, tendsto_comap_iff, (· ∘ ·), nhds_eq_comap_uniformity, comap_comap] exact tendsto_comap.prod_mk (tendsto_diag_uniformity _ _) theorem UniformContinuousOn.tendstoUniformly [UniformSpace α] [UniformSpace γ] {x : α} {U : Set α} (hU : U ∈ 𝓝 x) {F : α → β → γ} (hF : UniformContinuousOn (↿F) (U ×ˢ (univ : Set β))) : TendstoUniformly F (F x) (𝓝 x) := by simpa only [tendstoUniformlyOn_univ, nhdsWithin_eq_nhds.2 hU] using hF.tendstoUniformlyOn (mem_of_mem_nhds hU) #align uniform_continuous_on.tendsto_uniformly UniformContinuousOn.tendstoUniformly theorem UniformContinuous₂.tendstoUniformly [UniformSpace α] [UniformSpace γ] {f : α → β → γ} (h : UniformContinuous₂ f) {x : α} : TendstoUniformly f (f x) (𝓝 x) := UniformContinuousOn.tendstoUniformly univ_mem <| by rwa [univ_prod_univ, uniformContinuousOn_univ] #align uniform_continuous₂.tendsto_uniformly UniformContinuous₂.tendstoUniformly def UniformCauchySeqOnFilter (F : ι → α → β) (p : Filter ι) (p' : Filter α) : Prop := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ᶠ m : (ι × ι) × α in (p ×ˢ p) ×ˢ p', (F m.fst.fst m.snd, F m.fst.snd m.snd) ∈ u #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter UniformCauchySeqOnFilter def UniformCauchySeqOn (F : ι → α → β) (p : Filter ι) (s : Set α) : Prop := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ᶠ m : ι × ι in p ×ˢ p, ∀ x : α, x ∈ s → (F m.fst x, F m.snd x) ∈ u #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on UniformCauchySeqOn theorem uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s ↔ UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p (𝓟 s) := by simp only [UniformCauchySeqOn, UniformCauchySeqOnFilter] refine forall₂_congr fun u hu => ?_ rw [eventually_prod_principal_iff] #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_iff_uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter (hF : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p (𝓟 s) := by rwa [← uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter] #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter UniformCauchySeqOn.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter theorem TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter (hF : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p') : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p' := by intro u hu rcases comp_symm_of_uniformity hu with ⟨t, ht, htsymm, htmem⟩ have := tendsto_swap4_prod.eventually ((hF t ht).prod_mk (hF t ht)) apply this.diag_of_prod_right.mono simp only [and_imp, Prod.forall] intro n1 n2 x hl hr exact Set.mem_of_mem_of_subset (prod_mk_mem_compRel (htsymm hl) hr) htmem #align tendsto_uniformly_on_filter.uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter TendstoUniformlyOnFilter.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter theorem TendstoUniformlyOn.uniformCauchySeqOn (hF : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s) : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s := uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter.mpr hF.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter #align tendsto_uniformly_on.uniform_cauchy_seq_on TendstoUniformlyOn.uniformCauchySeqOn theorem UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_of_tendsto [NeBot p] (hF : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p') (hF' : ∀ᶠ x : α in p', Tendsto (fun n => F n x) p (𝓝 (f x))) : TendstoUniformlyOnFilter F f p p' := by -- Proof idea: |f_n(x) - f(x)| ≤ |f_n(x) - f_m(x)| + |f_m(x) - f(x)|. We choose `n` -- so that |f_n(x) - f_m(x)| is uniformly small across `s` whenever `m ≥ n`. Then for -- a fixed `x`, we choose `m` sufficiently large such that |f_m(x) - f(x)| is small. intro u hu rcases comp_symm_of_uniformity hu with ⟨t, ht, htsymm, htmem⟩ -- We will choose n, x, and m simultaneously. n and x come from hF. m comes from hF' -- But we need to promote hF' to the full product filter to use it have hmc : ∀ᶠ x in (p ×ˢ p) ×ˢ p', Tendsto (fun n : ι => F n x.snd) p (𝓝 (f x.snd)) := by rw [eventually_prod_iff] exact ⟨fun _ => True, by simp, _, hF', by simp⟩ -- To apply filter operations we'll need to do some order manipulation rw [Filter.eventually_swap_iff] have := tendsto_prodAssoc.eventually (tendsto_prod_swap.eventually ((hF t ht).and hmc)) apply this.curry.mono simp only [Equiv.prodAssoc_apply, eventually_and, eventually_const, Prod.snd_swap, Prod.fst_swap, and_imp, Prod.forall] -- Complete the proof intro x n hx hm' refine Set.mem_of_mem_of_subset (mem_compRel.mpr ?_) htmem rw [Uniform.tendsto_nhds_right] at hm' have := hx.and (hm' ht) obtain ⟨m, hm⟩ := this.exists exact ⟨F m x, ⟨hm.2, htsymm hm.1⟩⟩ #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter.tendsto_uniformly_on_filter_of_tendsto UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_of_tendsto theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.tendstoUniformlyOn_of_tendsto [NeBot p] (hF : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (hF' : ∀ x : α, x ∈ s → Tendsto (fun n => F n x) p (𝓝 (f x))) : TendstoUniformlyOn F f p s := tendstoUniformlyOn_iff_tendstoUniformlyOnFilter.mpr (hF.uniformCauchySeqOnFilter.tendstoUniformlyOnFilter_of_tendsto hF') #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.tendsto_uniformly_on_of_tendsto UniformCauchySeqOn.tendstoUniformlyOn_of_tendsto theorem UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.mono_left {p'' : Filter ι} (hf : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p') (hp : p'' ≤ p) : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p'' p' := by intro u hu have := (hf u hu).filter_mono (p'.prod_mono_left (Filter.prod_mono hp hp)) exact this.mono (by simp) #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter.mono_left UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.mono_left theorem UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.mono_right {p'' : Filter α} (hf : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p') (hp : p'' ≤ p') : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p'' := fun u hu => have := (hf u hu).filter_mono ((p ×ˢ p).prod_mono_right hp) this.mono (by simp) #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter.mono_right UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.mono_right theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.mono {s' : Set α} (hf : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (hss' : s' ⊆ s) : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s' := by rw [uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter] at hf ⊢ exact hf.mono_right (le_principal_iff.mpr <| mem_principal.mpr hss') #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.mono UniformCauchySeqOn.mono theorem UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.comp {γ : Type*} (hf : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter F p p') (g : γ → α) : UniformCauchySeqOnFilter (fun n => F n ∘ g) p (p'.comap g) := fun u hu => by obtain ⟨pa, hpa, pb, hpb, hpapb⟩ := eventually_prod_iff.mp (hf u hu) rw [eventually_prod_iff] refine ⟨pa, hpa, pb ∘ g, ?_, fun hx _ hy => hpapb hx hy⟩ exact eventually_comap.mpr (hpb.mono fun x hx y hy => by simp only [hx, hy, Function.comp_apply]) #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on_filter.comp UniformCauchySeqOnFilter.comp theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.comp {γ : Type*} (hf : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (g : γ → α) : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun n => F n ∘ g) p (g ⁻¹' s) := by rw [uniformCauchySeqOn_iff_uniformCauchySeqOnFilter] at hf ⊢ simpa only [UniformCauchySeqOn, comap_principal] using hf.comp g #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.comp UniformCauchySeqOn.comp theorem UniformContinuous.comp_uniformCauchySeqOn [UniformSpace γ] {g : β → γ} (hg : UniformContinuous g) (hf : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun n => g ∘ F n) p s := fun _u hu => hf _ (hg hu) #align uniform_continuous.comp_uniform_cauchy_seq_on UniformContinuous.comp_uniformCauchySeqOn theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.prod_map {ι' α' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α' → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} {s' : Set α'} (h : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (h' : UniformCauchySeqOn F' p' s') : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun i : ι × ι' => Prod.map (F i.1) (F' i.2)) (p ×ˢ p') (s ×ˢ s') := by intro u hu rw [uniformity_prod_eq_prod, mem_map, mem_prod_iff] at hu obtain ⟨v, hv, w, hw, hvw⟩ := hu simp_rw [mem_prod, Prod.map_apply, and_imp, Prod.forall] rw [← Set.image_subset_iff] at hvw apply (tendsto_swap4_prod.eventually ((h v hv).prod_mk (h' w hw))).mono intro x hx a b ha hb exact hvw ⟨_, mk_mem_prod (hx.1 a ha) (hx.2 b hb), rfl⟩ #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.prod_map UniformCauchySeqOn.prod_map theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.prod {ι' β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι' → α → β'} {p' : Filter ι'} (h : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (h' : UniformCauchySeqOn F' p' s) : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun (i : ι × ι') a => (F i.fst a, F' i.snd a)) (p ×ˢ p') s := (congr_arg _ s.inter_self).mp ((h.prod_map h').comp fun a => (a, a)) #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.prod UniformCauchySeqOn.prod theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.prod' {β' : Type*} [UniformSpace β'] {F' : ι → α → β'} (h : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (h' : UniformCauchySeqOn F' p s) : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun (i : ι) a => (F i a, F' i a)) p s := fun u hu => have hh : Tendsto (fun x : ι => (x, x)) p (p ×ˢ p) := tendsto_diag (hh.prod_map hh).eventually ((h.prod h') u hu) #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.prod' UniformCauchySeqOn.prod' theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.cauchy_map [hp : NeBot p] (hf : UniformCauchySeqOn F p s) (hx : x ∈ s) : Cauchy (map (fun i => F i x) p) := by simp only [cauchy_map_iff, hp, true_and_iff] intro u hu rw [mem_map] filter_upwards [hf u hu] with p hp using hp x hx #align uniform_cauchy_seq_on.cauchy_map UniformCauchySeqOn.cauchy_map theorem UniformCauchySeqOn.cauchySeq [Nonempty ι] [SemilatticeSup ι] (hf : UniformCauchySeqOn F atTop s) (hx : x ∈ s) : CauchySeq fun i ↦ F i x := hf.cauchy_map (hp := atTop_neBot) hx variable [TopologicalSpace α] def TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn (F : ι → α → β) (f : α → β) (p : Filter ι) (s : Set α) := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ x ∈ s, ∃ t ∈ 𝓝[s] x, ∀ᶠ n in p, ∀ y ∈ t, (f y, F n y) ∈ u #align tendsto_locally_uniformly_on TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn def TendstoLocallyUniformly (F : ι → α → β) (f : α → β) (p : Filter ι) := ∀ u ∈ 𝓤 β, ∀ x : α, ∃ t ∈ 𝓝 x, ∀ᶠ n in p, ∀ y ∈ t, (f y, F n y) ∈ u #align tendsto_locally_uniformly TendstoLocallyUniformly theorem tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_univ : TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn F f p univ ↔ TendstoLocallyUniformly F f p := by simp [TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn, TendstoLocallyUniformly, nhdsWithin_univ] #align tendsto_locally_uniformly_on_univ tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_univ -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_iff_forall_tendsto : TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn F f p s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, Tendsto (fun y : ι × α => (f y.2, F y.1 y.2)) (p ×ˢ 𝓝[s] x) (𝓤 β) := forall₂_swap.trans <| forall₄_congr fun _ _ _ _ => by rw [mem_map, mem_prod_iff_right]; rfl nonrec theorem IsOpen.tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_iff_forall_tendsto (hs : IsOpen s) : TendstoLocallyUniformlyOn F f p s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, Tendsto (fun y : ι × α => (f y.2, F y.1 y.2)) (p ×ˢ 𝓝 x) (𝓤 β) := tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_iff_forall_tendsto.trans <| forall₂_congr fun x hx => by rw [hs.nhdsWithin_eq hx]
Mathlib/Topology/UniformSpace/UniformConvergence.lean
629
632
theorem tendstoLocallyUniformly_iff_forall_tendsto : TendstoLocallyUniformly F f p ↔ ∀ x, Tendsto (fun y : ι × α => (f y.2, F y.1 y.2)) (p ×ˢ 𝓝 x) (𝓤 β) := by
simp [← tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_univ, isOpen_univ.tendstoLocallyUniformlyOn_iff_forall_tendsto]
import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Angle.Oriented.Affine import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Angle.Unoriented.RightAngle #align_import geometry.euclidean.angle.oriented.right_angle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"46b633fd842bef9469441c0209906f6dddd2b4f5" noncomputable section open scoped EuclideanGeometry open scoped Real open scoped RealInnerProductSpace namespace Orientation open FiniteDimensional variable {V : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] variable [hd2 : Fact (finrank ℝ V = 2)] (o : Orientation ℝ V (Fin 2)) theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arccos (‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arccos_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arccos (‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arcsin (‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arcsin_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arcsin (‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arctan (‖y‖ / ‖x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arctan_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arctan (‖x‖ / ‖y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖y‖ / ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x‖ / ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_cos_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_sin_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_tan_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arccos (‖y‖ / ‖y - x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arccos_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arccos (‖x‖ / ‖x - y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arcsin (‖x‖ / ‖y - x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arcsin_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arcsin (‖y‖ / ‖x - y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arctan (‖x‖ / ‖y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arctan_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arctan (‖y‖ / ‖x‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y‖ / ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x‖ / ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖x‖ / ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖y‖ / ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖x‖ / ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖y‖ / ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y - x‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x - y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y - x‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x - y‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_cos_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two
Mathlib/Geometry/Euclidean/Angle/Oriented/RightAngle.lean
456
463
theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y - x‖ := by
have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_sin_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))]
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.OfFunction import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.PiSystem #align_import measure_theory.measure.outer_measure from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"343e80208d29d2d15f8050b929aa50fe4ce71b55" noncomputable section open Set Function Filter open scoped Classical NNReal Topology ENNReal namespace MeasureTheory namespace OuterMeasure section CaratheodoryMeasurable universe u variable {α : Type u} (m : OuterMeasure α) attribute [local simp] Set.inter_comm Set.inter_left_comm Set.inter_assoc variable {s s₁ s₂ : Set α} def IsCaratheodory (s : Set α) : Prop := ∀ t, m t = m (t ∩ s) + m (t \ s) #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.IsCaratheodory theorem isCaratheodory_iff_le' {s : Set α} : IsCaratheodory m s ↔ ∀ t, m (t ∩ s) + m (t \ s) ≤ m t := forall_congr' fun _ => le_antisymm_iff.trans <| and_iff_right <| measure_le_inter_add_diff _ _ _ #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory_iff_le' MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.isCaratheodory_iff_le' @[simp] theorem isCaratheodory_empty : IsCaratheodory m ∅ := by simp [IsCaratheodory, m.empty, diff_empty] #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory_empty MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.isCaratheodory_empty theorem isCaratheodory_compl : IsCaratheodory m s₁ → IsCaratheodory m s₁ᶜ := by simp [IsCaratheodory, diff_eq, add_comm] #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory_compl MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.isCaratheodory_compl @[simp] theorem isCaratheodory_compl_iff : IsCaratheodory m sᶜ ↔ IsCaratheodory m s := ⟨fun h => by simpa using isCaratheodory_compl m h, isCaratheodory_compl m⟩ #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory_compl_iff MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.isCaratheodory_compl_iff theorem isCaratheodory_union (h₁ : IsCaratheodory m s₁) (h₂ : IsCaratheodory m s₂) : IsCaratheodory m (s₁ ∪ s₂) := fun t => by rw [h₁ t, h₂ (t ∩ s₁), h₂ (t \ s₁), h₁ (t ∩ (s₁ ∪ s₂)), inter_diff_assoc _ _ s₁, Set.inter_assoc _ _ s₁, inter_eq_self_of_subset_right Set.subset_union_left, union_diff_left, h₂ (t ∩ s₁)] simp [diff_eq, add_assoc] #align measure_theory.outer_measure.is_caratheodory_union MeasureTheory.OuterMeasure.isCaratheodory_union
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/OuterMeasure/Caratheodory.lean
82
84
theorem measure_inter_union (h : s₁ ∩ s₂ ⊆ ∅) (h₁ : IsCaratheodory m s₁) {t : Set α} : m (t ∩ (s₁ ∪ s₂)) = m (t ∩ s₁) + m (t ∩ s₂) := by
rw [h₁, Set.inter_assoc, Set.union_inter_cancel_left, inter_diff_assoc, union_diff_cancel_left h]
import Mathlib.Topology.Compactness.SigmaCompact import Mathlib.Topology.Connected.TotallyDisconnected import Mathlib.Topology.Inseparable #align_import topology.separation from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d91e7f7a7f1c7e9f0e18fdb6bde4f652004c735d" open Function Set Filter Topology TopologicalSpace open scoped Classical universe u v variable {X : Type*} {Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] section Separation def SeparatedNhds : Set X → Set X → Prop := fun s t : Set X => ∃ U V : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ IsOpen V ∧ s ⊆ U ∧ t ⊆ V ∧ Disjoint U V #align separated_nhds SeparatedNhds theorem separatedNhds_iff_disjoint {s t : Set X} : SeparatedNhds s t ↔ Disjoint (𝓝ˢ s) (𝓝ˢ t) := by simp only [(hasBasis_nhdsSet s).disjoint_iff (hasBasis_nhdsSet t), SeparatedNhds, exists_prop, ← exists_and_left, and_assoc, and_comm, and_left_comm] #align separated_nhds_iff_disjoint separatedNhds_iff_disjoint alias ⟨SeparatedNhds.disjoint_nhdsSet, _⟩ := separatedNhds_iff_disjoint class T0Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where t0 : ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, Inseparable x y → x = y #align t0_space T0Space theorem t0Space_iff_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ ∀ x y : X, Inseparable x y → x = y := ⟨fun ⟨h⟩ => h, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ #align t0_space_iff_inseparable t0Space_iff_inseparable theorem t0Space_iff_not_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y : X => ¬Inseparable x y := by simp only [t0Space_iff_inseparable, Ne, not_imp_not, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_not_inseparable t0Space_iff_not_inseparable theorem Inseparable.eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : Inseparable x y) : x = y := T0Space.t0 h #align inseparable.eq Inseparable.eq protected theorem Inducing.injective [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Injective f := fun _ _ h => (hf.inseparable_iff.1 <| .of_eq h).eq #align inducing.injective Inducing.injective protected theorem Inducing.embedding [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Embedding f := ⟨hf, hf.injective⟩ #align inducing.embedding Inducing.embedding lemma embedding_iff_inducing [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} : Embedding f ↔ Inducing f := ⟨Embedding.toInducing, Inducing.embedding⟩ #align embedding_iff_inducing embedding_iff_inducing theorem t0Space_iff_nhds_injective (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := t0Space_iff_inseparable X #align t0_space_iff_nhds_injective t0Space_iff_nhds_injective theorem nhds_injective [T0Space X] : Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := (t0Space_iff_nhds_injective X).1 ‹_› #align nhds_injective nhds_injective theorem inseparable_iff_eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ x = y := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align inseparable_iff_eq inseparable_iff_eq @[simp] theorem nhds_eq_nhds_iff [T0Space X] {a b : X} : 𝓝 a = 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align nhds_eq_nhds_iff nhds_eq_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem inseparable_eq_eq [T0Space X] : Inseparable = @Eq X := funext₂ fun _ _ => propext inseparable_iff_eq #align inseparable_eq_eq inseparable_eq_eq theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.inseparable_iff {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := ⟨fun h s hs ↦ inseparable_iff_forall_open.1 h _ (hb.isOpen hs), fun h ↦ hb.nhds_hasBasis.eq_of_same_basis <| by convert hb.nhds_hasBasis using 2 exact and_congr_right (h _)⟩ theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.eq_iff [T0Space X] {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : x = y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := inseparable_iff_eq.symm.trans hb.inseparable_iff theorem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y => ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := by simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, xor_iff_not_iff, not_forall, exists_prop, inseparable_iff_forall_open, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_exists_is_open_xor_mem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem theorem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := (t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem X).1 ‹_› h #align exists_is_open_xor_mem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem def specializationOrder (X) [TopologicalSpace X] [T0Space X] : PartialOrder X := { specializationPreorder X, PartialOrder.lift (OrderDual.toDual ∘ 𝓝) nhds_injective with } #align specialization_order specializationOrder instance SeparationQuotient.instT0Space : T0Space (SeparationQuotient X) := ⟨fun x y => Quotient.inductionOn₂' x y fun _ _ h => SeparationQuotient.mk_eq_mk.2 <| SeparationQuotient.inducing_mk.inseparable_iff.1 h⟩ theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · refine this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s \ U = s := hmin (s \ U) diff_subset ⟨y, hy, hyU⟩ (hs.sdiff hUo) exact (this.symm.subset hx).2 hxU #align minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton theorem IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton [T0Space X] [CompactSpace X] {S : Set X} (hS : IsClosed S) (hne : S.Nonempty) : ∃ x : X, x ∈ S ∧ IsClosed ({x} : Set X) := by obtain ⟨V, Vsub, Vne, Vcls, hV⟩ := hS.exists_minimal_nonempty_closed_subset hne rcases minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton Vcls Vne hV with ⟨x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨x, Vsub (mem_singleton x), Vcls⟩ #align is_closed.exists_closed_singleton IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · exact this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s ∩ U = s := hmin (s ∩ U) inter_subset_left ⟨x, hx, hxU⟩ (hs.inter hUo) exact hyU (this.symm.subset hy).2 #align minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton theorem exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hfin : s.Finite) (hne : s.Nonempty) (ho : IsOpen s) : ∃ x ∈ s, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := by lift s to Finset X using hfin induction' s using Finset.strongInductionOn with s ihs rcases em (∃ t, t ⊂ s ∧ t.Nonempty ∧ IsOpen (t : Set X)) with (⟨t, hts, htne, hto⟩ | ht) · rcases ihs t hts htne hto with ⟨x, hxt, hxo⟩ exact ⟨x, hts.1 hxt, hxo⟩ · -- Porting note: was `rcases minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne _ with ⟨x, hx⟩` -- https://github.com/leanprover/std4/issues/116 rsuffices ⟨x, hx⟩ : ∃ x, s.toSet = {x} · exact ⟨x, hx.symm ▸ rfl, hx ▸ ho⟩ refine minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne ?_ refine fun t hts htne hto => of_not_not fun hts' => ht ?_ lift t to Finset X using s.finite_toSet.subset hts exact ⟨t, ssubset_iff_subset_ne.2 ⟨hts, mt Finset.coe_inj.2 hts'⟩, htne, hto⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_open_finite exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite theorem exists_open_singleton_of_finite [T0Space X] [Finite X] [Nonempty X] : ∃ x : X, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := let ⟨x, _, h⟩ := exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite (Set.toFinite _) univ_nonempty isOpen_univ ⟨x, h⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_fintype exists_open_singleton_of_finite theorem t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Function.Injective f) (hf' : Continuous f) [T0Space Y] : T0Space X := ⟨fun _ _ h => hf <| (h.map hf').eq⟩ #align t0_space_of_injective_of_continuous t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous protected theorem Embedding.t0Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Embedding f) : T0Space X := t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous hf.inj hf.continuous #align embedding.t0_space Embedding.t0Space instance Subtype.t0Space [T0Space X] {p : X → Prop} : T0Space (Subtype p) := embedding_subtype_val.t0Space #align subtype.t0_space Subtype.t0Space theorem t0Space_iff_or_not_mem_closure (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun a b : X => a ∉ closure ({b} : Set X) ∨ b ∉ closure ({a} : Set X) := by simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, inseparable_iff_mem_closure, not_and_or] #align t0_space_iff_or_not_mem_closure t0Space_iff_or_not_mem_closure instance Prod.instT0Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] [T0Space Y] : T0Space (X × Y) := ⟨fun _ _ h => Prod.ext (h.map continuous_fst).eq (h.map continuous_snd).eq⟩ instance Pi.instT0Space {ι : Type*} {X : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] [∀ i, T0Space (X i)] : T0Space (∀ i, X i) := ⟨fun _ _ h => funext fun i => (h.map (continuous_apply i)).eq⟩ #align pi.t0_space Pi.instT0Space instance ULift.instT0Space [T0Space X] : T0Space (ULift X) := embedding_uLift_down.t0Space theorem T0Space.of_cover (h : ∀ x y, Inseparable x y → ∃ s : Set X, x ∈ s ∧ y ∈ s ∧ T0Space s) : T0Space X := by refine ⟨fun x y hxy => ?_⟩ rcases h x y hxy with ⟨s, hxs, hys, hs⟩ lift x to s using hxs; lift y to s using hys rw [← subtype_inseparable_iff] at hxy exact congr_arg Subtype.val hxy.eq #align t0_space.of_cover T0Space.of_cover theorem T0Space.of_open_cover (h : ∀ x, ∃ s : Set X, x ∈ s ∧ IsOpen s ∧ T0Space s) : T0Space X := T0Space.of_cover fun x _ hxy => let ⟨s, hxs, hso, hs⟩ := h x ⟨s, hxs, (hxy.mem_open_iff hso).1 hxs, hs⟩ #align t0_space.of_open_cover T0Space.of_open_cover @[mk_iff] class R0Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where specializes_symmetric : Symmetric (Specializes : X → X → Prop) export R0Space (specializes_symmetric) class T1Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where t1 : ∀ x, IsClosed ({x} : Set X) #align t1_space T1Space theorem isClosed_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsClosed ({x} : Set X) := T1Space.t1 x #align is_closed_singleton isClosed_singleton theorem isOpen_compl_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsOpen ({x}ᶜ : Set X) := isClosed_singleton.isOpen_compl #align is_open_compl_singleton isOpen_compl_singleton theorem isOpen_ne [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsOpen { y | y ≠ x } := isOpen_compl_singleton #align is_open_ne isOpen_ne @[to_additive] theorem Continuous.isOpen_mulSupport [T1Space X] [One X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : Y → X} (hf : Continuous f) : IsOpen (mulSupport f) := isOpen_ne.preimage hf #align continuous.is_open_mul_support Continuous.isOpen_mulSupport #align continuous.is_open_support Continuous.isOpen_support theorem Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : 𝓝[{y}ᶜ] x = 𝓝 x := isOpen_ne.nhdsWithin_eq h #align ne.nhds_within_compl_singleton Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton theorem Ne.nhdsWithin_diff_singleton [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) (s : Set X) : 𝓝[s \ {y}] x = 𝓝[s] x := by rw [diff_eq, inter_comm, nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem] exact mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds (isOpen_ne.mem_nhds h) #align ne.nhds_within_diff_singleton Ne.nhdsWithin_diff_singleton lemma nhdsWithin_compl_singleton_le [T1Space X] (x y : X) : 𝓝[{x}ᶜ] x ≤ 𝓝[{y}ᶜ] x := by rcases eq_or_ne x y with rfl|hy · exact Eq.le rfl · rw [Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton hy] exact nhdsWithin_le_nhds theorem isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhdsWithin [T1Space X] {p : X → Prop} : IsOpen { x | ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[≠] x, p y } := by refine isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.mpr fun a ha => ?_ filter_upwards [eventually_nhds_nhdsWithin.mpr ha] with b hb rcases eq_or_ne a b with rfl | h · exact hb · rw [h.symm.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton] at hb exact hb.filter_mono nhdsWithin_le_nhds #align is_open_set_of_eventually_nhds_within isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhdsWithin protected theorem Set.Finite.isClosed [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : Set.Finite s) : IsClosed s := by rw [← biUnion_of_singleton s] exact hs.isClosed_biUnion fun i _ => isClosed_singleton #align set.finite.is_closed Set.Finite.isClosed theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.exists_mem_of_ne [T1Space X] {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : ∃ a ∈ b, x ∈ a ∧ y ∉ a := by rcases hb.isOpen_iff.1 isOpen_ne x h with ⟨a, ab, xa, ha⟩ exact ⟨a, ab, xa, fun h => ha h rfl⟩ #align topological_space.is_topological_basis.exists_mem_of_ne TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.exists_mem_of_ne protected theorem Finset.isClosed [T1Space X] (s : Finset X) : IsClosed (s : Set X) := s.finite_toSet.isClosed #align finset.is_closed Finset.isClosed theorem t1Space_TFAE (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : List.TFAE [T1Space X, ∀ x, IsClosed ({ x } : Set X), ∀ x, IsOpen ({ x }ᶜ : Set X), Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → {y}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 x, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → ∃ s ∈ 𝓝 x, y ∉ s, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ⤳ y → x = y] := by tfae_have 1 ↔ 2 · exact ⟨fun h => h.1, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ tfae_have 2 ↔ 3 · simp only [isOpen_compl_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 3 · refine forall_swap.trans ?_ simp only [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds, mem_compl_iff, mem_singleton_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 6 · simp only [← subset_compl_singleton_iff, exists_mem_subset_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 7 · simp only [(nhds_basis_opens _).mem_iff, subset_compl_singleton_iff, exists_prop, and_assoc, and_left_comm] tfae_have 5 ↔ 8 · simp only [← principal_singleton, disjoint_principal_right] tfae_have 8 ↔ 9 · exact forall_swap.trans (by simp only [disjoint_comm, ne_comm]) tfae_have 1 → 4 · simp only [continuous_def, CofiniteTopology.isOpen_iff'] rintro H s (rfl | hs) exacts [isOpen_empty, compl_compl s ▸ (@Set.Finite.isClosed _ _ H _ hs).isOpen_compl] tfae_have 4 → 2 · exact fun h x => (CofiniteTopology.isClosed_iff.2 <| Or.inr (finite_singleton _)).preimage h tfae_have 2 ↔ 10 · simp only [← closure_subset_iff_isClosed, specializes_iff_mem_closure, subset_def, mem_singleton_iff, eq_comm] tfae_finish #align t1_space_tfae t1Space_TFAE theorem t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of : T1Space X ↔ Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 3 #align t1_space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of theorem CofiniteTopology.continuous_of [T1Space X] : Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X) := t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of.mp ‹_› #align cofinite_topology.continuous_of CofiniteTopology.continuous_of theorem t1Space_iff_exists_open : T1Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y => ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 6 #align t1_space_iff_exists_open t1Space_iff_exists_open theorem t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 8 #align t1_space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds theorem t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 7 #align t1_space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure theorem t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ⤳ y → x = y := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 9 #align t1_space_iff_specializes_imp_eq t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq theorem disjoint_pure_nhds [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y) := t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds.mp ‹_› h #align disjoint_pure_nhds disjoint_pure_nhds theorem disjoint_nhds_pure [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y) := t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure.mp ‹_› h #align disjoint_nhds_pure disjoint_nhds_pure theorem Specializes.eq [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ⤳ y) : x = y := t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq.1 ‹_› h #align specializes.eq Specializes.eq theorem specializes_iff_eq [T1Space X] {x y : X} : x ⤳ y ↔ x = y := ⟨Specializes.eq, fun h => h ▸ specializes_rfl⟩ #align specializes_iff_eq specializes_iff_eq @[simp] theorem specializes_eq_eq [T1Space X] : (· ⤳ ·) = @Eq X := funext₂ fun _ _ => propext specializes_iff_eq #align specializes_eq_eq specializes_eq_eq @[simp] theorem pure_le_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {a b : X} : pure a ≤ 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := specializes_iff_pure.symm.trans specializes_iff_eq #align pure_le_nhds_iff pure_le_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem nhds_le_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {a b : X} : 𝓝 a ≤ 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := specializes_iff_eq #align nhds_le_nhds_iff nhds_le_nhds_iff instance (priority := 100) [T1Space X] : R0Space X where specializes_symmetric _ _ := by rw [specializes_iff_eq, specializes_iff_eq]; exact Eq.symm instance : T1Space (CofiniteTopology X) := t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of.mpr continuous_id theorem t1Space_antitone : Antitone (@T1Space X) := fun a _ h _ => @T1Space.mk _ a fun x => (T1Space.t1 x).mono h #align t1_space_antitone t1Space_antitone theorem continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {s : Set X} {x x' : X} {y : Y} (hne : x' ≠ x) : ContinuousWithinAt (Function.update f x y) s x' ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x' := EventuallyEq.congr_continuousWithinAt (mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds <| mem_of_superset (isOpen_ne.mem_nhds hne) fun _y' hy' => Function.update_noteq hy' _ _) (Function.update_noteq hne _ _) #align continuous_within_at_update_of_ne continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne theorem continuousAt_update_of_ne [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {x x' : X} {y : Y} (hne : x' ≠ x) : ContinuousAt (Function.update f x y) x' ↔ ContinuousAt f x' := by simp only [← continuousWithinAt_univ, continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hne] #align continuous_at_update_of_ne continuousAt_update_of_ne theorem continuousOn_update_iff [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {s : Set X} {x : X} {y : Y} : ContinuousOn (Function.update f x y) s ↔ ContinuousOn f (s \ {x}) ∧ (x ∈ s → Tendsto f (𝓝[s \ {x}] x) (𝓝 y)) := by rw [ContinuousOn, ← and_forall_ne x, and_comm] refine and_congr ⟨fun H z hz => ?_, fun H z hzx hzs => ?_⟩ (forall_congr' fun _ => ?_) · specialize H z hz.2 hz.1 rw [continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hz.2] at H exact H.mono diff_subset · rw [continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hzx] refine (H z ⟨hzs, hzx⟩).mono_of_mem (inter_mem_nhdsWithin _ ?_) exact isOpen_ne.mem_nhds hzx · exact continuousWithinAt_update_same #align continuous_on_update_iff continuousOn_update_iff theorem t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Function.Injective f) (hf' : Continuous f) [T1Space Y] : T1Space X := t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq.2 fun _ _ h => hf (h.map hf').eq #align t1_space_of_injective_of_continuous t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous protected theorem Embedding.t1Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Embedding f) : T1Space X := t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous hf.inj hf.continuous #align embedding.t1_space Embedding.t1Space instance Subtype.t1Space {X : Type u} [TopologicalSpace X] [T1Space X] {p : X → Prop} : T1Space (Subtype p) := embedding_subtype_val.t1Space #align subtype.t1_space Subtype.t1Space instance [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space X] [T1Space Y] : T1Space (X × Y) := ⟨fun ⟨a, b⟩ => @singleton_prod_singleton _ _ a b ▸ isClosed_singleton.prod isClosed_singleton⟩ instance {ι : Type*} {X : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] [∀ i, T1Space (X i)] : T1Space (∀ i, X i) := ⟨fun f => univ_pi_singleton f ▸ isClosed_set_pi fun _ _ => isClosed_singleton⟩ instance ULift.instT1Space [T1Space X] : T1Space (ULift X) := embedding_uLift_down.t1Space -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) TotallyDisconnectedSpace.t1Space [h: TotallyDisconnectedSpace X] : T1Space X := by rw [((t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 1 :)] intro x rw [← totallyDisconnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent_singleton.mp h x] exact isClosed_connectedComponent -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) T1Space.t0Space [T1Space X] : T0Space X := ⟨fun _ _ h => h.specializes.eq⟩ #align t1_space.t0_space T1Space.t0Space @[simp] theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {x y : X} : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 y ↔ y ≠ x := isOpen_compl_singleton.mem_nhds_iff #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhds [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : y ≠ x) : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 y := compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff.mpr h #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds compl_singleton_mem_nhds @[simp] theorem closure_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : closure ({x} : Set X) = {x} := isClosed_singleton.closure_eq #align closure_singleton closure_singleton -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: the proof was `hs.induction_on (by simp) fun x => by simp` theorem Set.Subsingleton.closure [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : s.Subsingleton) : (closure s).Subsingleton := by rcases hs.eq_empty_or_singleton with (rfl | ⟨x, rfl⟩) <;> simp #align set.subsingleton.closure Set.Subsingleton.closure @[simp] theorem subsingleton_closure [T1Space X] {s : Set X} : (closure s).Subsingleton ↔ s.Subsingleton := ⟨fun h => h.anti subset_closure, fun h => h.closure⟩ #align subsingleton_closure subsingleton_closure theorem isClosedMap_const {X Y} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {y : Y} : IsClosedMap (Function.const X y) := IsClosedMap.of_nonempty fun s _ h2s => by simp_rw [const, h2s.image_const, isClosed_singleton] #align is_closed_map_const isClosedMap_const theorem nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne [T1Space X] {x y : X} {s : Set X} (hxy : x ≠ y) : 𝓝[insert y s] x = 𝓝[s] x := by refine le_antisymm (Filter.le_def.2 fun t ht => ?_) (nhdsWithin_mono x <| subset_insert y s) obtain ⟨o, ho, hxo, host⟩ := mem_nhdsWithin.mp ht refine mem_nhdsWithin.mpr ⟨o \ {y}, ho.sdiff isClosed_singleton, ⟨hxo, hxy⟩, ?_⟩ rw [inter_insert_of_not_mem <| not_mem_diff_of_mem (mem_singleton y)] exact (inter_subset_inter diff_subset Subset.rfl).trans host #align nhds_within_insert_of_ne nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne theorem insert_mem_nhdsWithin_of_subset_insert [T1Space X] {x y : X} {s t : Set X} (hu : t ⊆ insert y s) : insert x s ∈ 𝓝[t] x := by rcases eq_or_ne x y with (rfl | h) · exact mem_of_superset self_mem_nhdsWithin hu refine nhdsWithin_mono x hu ?_ rw [nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne h] exact mem_of_superset self_mem_nhdsWithin (subset_insert x s) #align insert_mem_nhds_within_of_subset_insert insert_mem_nhdsWithin_of_subset_insert @[simp] theorem ker_nhds [T1Space X] (x : X) : (𝓝 x).ker = {x} := by simp [ker_nhds_eq_specializes] theorem biInter_basis_nhds [T1Space X] {ι : Sort*} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} {x : X} (h : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p s) : ⋂ (i) (_ : p i), s i = {x} := by rw [← h.ker, ker_nhds] #align bInter_basis_nhds biInter_basis_nhds @[simp] theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff [T1Space X] {x : X} {s : Set X} : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝ˢ s ↔ x ∉ s := by rw [isOpen_compl_singleton.mem_nhdsSet, subset_compl_singleton_iff] #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds_set_iff compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff @[simp] theorem nhdsSet_le_iff [T1Space X] {s t : Set X} : 𝓝ˢ s ≤ 𝓝ˢ t ↔ s ⊆ t := by refine ⟨?_, fun h => monotone_nhdsSet h⟩ simp_rw [Filter.le_def]; intro h x hx specialize h {x}ᶜ simp_rw [compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff] at h by_contra hxt exact h hxt hx #align nhds_set_le_iff nhdsSet_le_iff @[simp] theorem nhdsSet_inj_iff [T1Space X] {s t : Set X} : 𝓝ˢ s = 𝓝ˢ t ↔ s = t := by simp_rw [le_antisymm_iff] exact and_congr nhdsSet_le_iff nhdsSet_le_iff #align nhds_set_inj_iff nhdsSet_inj_iff theorem injective_nhdsSet [T1Space X] : Function.Injective (𝓝ˢ : Set X → Filter X) := fun _ _ hst => nhdsSet_inj_iff.mp hst #align injective_nhds_set injective_nhdsSet theorem strictMono_nhdsSet [T1Space X] : StrictMono (𝓝ˢ : Set X → Filter X) := monotone_nhdsSet.strictMono_of_injective injective_nhdsSet #align strict_mono_nhds_set strictMono_nhdsSet @[simp] theorem nhds_le_nhdsSet_iff [T1Space X] {s : Set X} {x : X} : 𝓝 x ≤ 𝓝ˢ s ↔ x ∈ s := by rw [← nhdsSet_singleton, nhdsSet_le_iff, singleton_subset_iff] #align nhds_le_nhds_set_iff nhds_le_nhdsSet_iff theorem Dense.diff_singleton [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : Dense s) (x : X) [NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] : Dense (s \ {x}) := hs.inter_of_isOpen_right (dense_compl_singleton x) isOpen_compl_singleton #align dense.diff_singleton Dense.diff_singleton theorem Dense.diff_finset [T1Space X] [∀ x : X, NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] {s : Set X} (hs : Dense s) (t : Finset X) : Dense (s \ t) := by induction t using Finset.induction_on with | empty => simpa using hs | insert _ ih => rw [Finset.coe_insert, ← union_singleton, ← diff_diff] exact ih.diff_singleton _ #align dense.diff_finset Dense.diff_finset theorem Dense.diff_finite [T1Space X] [∀ x : X, NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] {s : Set X} (hs : Dense s) {t : Set X} (ht : t.Finite) : Dense (s \ t) := by convert hs.diff_finset ht.toFinset exact (Finite.coe_toFinset _).symm #align dense.diff_finite Dense.diff_finite theorem eq_of_tendsto_nhds [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {f : X → Y} {x : X} {y : Y} (h : Tendsto f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 y)) : f x = y := by_contra fun hfa : f x ≠ y => have fact₁ : {f x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 y := compl_singleton_mem_nhds hfa.symm have fact₂ : Tendsto f (pure x) (𝓝 y) := h.comp (tendsto_id'.2 <| pure_le_nhds x) fact₂ fact₁ (Eq.refl <| f x) #align eq_of_tendsto_nhds eq_of_tendsto_nhds theorem Filter.Tendsto.eventually_ne [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {g : X → Y} {l : Filter X} {b₁ b₂ : Y} (hg : Tendsto g l (𝓝 b₁)) (hb : b₁ ≠ b₂) : ∀ᶠ z in l, g z ≠ b₂ := hg.eventually (isOpen_compl_singleton.eventually_mem hb) #align filter.tendsto.eventually_ne Filter.Tendsto.eventually_ne theorem ContinuousAt.eventually_ne [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {g : X → Y} {x : X} {y : Y} (hg1 : ContinuousAt g x) (hg2 : g x ≠ y) : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 x, g z ≠ y := hg1.tendsto.eventually_ne hg2 #align continuous_at.eventually_ne ContinuousAt.eventually_ne theorem eventually_ne_nhds [T1Space X] {a b : X} (h : a ≠ b) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 a, x ≠ b := IsOpen.eventually_mem isOpen_ne h theorem eventually_ne_nhdsWithin [T1Space X] {a b : X} {s : Set X} (h : a ≠ b) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, x ≠ b := Filter.Eventually.filter_mono nhdsWithin_le_nhds <| eventually_ne_nhds h theorem continuousAt_of_tendsto_nhds [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {f : X → Y} {x : X} {y : Y} (h : Tendsto f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 y)) : ContinuousAt f x := by rwa [ContinuousAt, eq_of_tendsto_nhds h] #align continuous_at_of_tendsto_nhds continuousAt_of_tendsto_nhds @[simp] theorem tendsto_const_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {l : Filter Y} [NeBot l] {c d : X} : Tendsto (fun _ => c) l (𝓝 d) ↔ c = d := by simp_rw [Tendsto, Filter.map_const, pure_le_nhds_iff] #align tendsto_const_nhds_iff tendsto_const_nhds_iff theorem isOpen_singleton_of_finite_mem_nhds [T1Space X] (x : X) {s : Set X} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 x) (hsf : s.Finite) : IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := by have A : {x} ⊆ s := by simp only [singleton_subset_iff, mem_of_mem_nhds hs] have B : IsClosed (s \ {x}) := (hsf.subset diff_subset).isClosed have C : (s \ {x})ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 x := B.isOpen_compl.mem_nhds fun h => h.2 rfl have D : {x} ∈ 𝓝 x := by simpa only [← diff_eq, diff_diff_cancel_left A] using inter_mem hs C rwa [← mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds, ← singleton_subset_iff, subset_interior_iff_isOpen] at D #align is_open_singleton_of_finite_mem_nhds isOpen_singleton_of_finite_mem_nhds theorem infinite_of_mem_nhds {X} [TopologicalSpace X] [T1Space X] (x : X) [hx : NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] {s : Set X} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 x) : Set.Infinite s := by refine fun hsf => hx.1 ?_ rw [← isOpen_singleton_iff_punctured_nhds] exact isOpen_singleton_of_finite_mem_nhds x hs hsf #align infinite_of_mem_nhds infinite_of_mem_nhds theorem discrete_of_t1_of_finite [T1Space X] [Finite X] : DiscreteTopology X := by apply singletons_open_iff_discrete.mp intro x rw [← isClosed_compl_iff] exact (Set.toFinite _).isClosed #align discrete_of_t1_of_finite discrete_of_t1_of_finite theorem PreconnectedSpace.trivial_of_discrete [PreconnectedSpace X] [DiscreteTopology X] : Subsingleton X := by rw [← not_nontrivial_iff_subsingleton] rintro ⟨x, y, hxy⟩ rw [Ne, ← mem_singleton_iff, (isClopen_discrete _).eq_univ <| singleton_nonempty y] at hxy exact hxy (mem_univ x) #align preconnected_space.trivial_of_discrete PreconnectedSpace.trivial_of_discrete theorem IsPreconnected.infinite_of_nontrivial [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (h : IsPreconnected s) (hs : s.Nontrivial) : s.Infinite := by refine mt (fun hf => (subsingleton_coe s).mp ?_) (not_subsingleton_iff.mpr hs) haveI := @discrete_of_t1_of_finite s _ _ hf.to_subtype exact @PreconnectedSpace.trivial_of_discrete _ _ (Subtype.preconnectedSpace h) _ #align is_preconnected.infinite_of_nontrivial IsPreconnected.infinite_of_nontrivial theorem ConnectedSpace.infinite [ConnectedSpace X] [Nontrivial X] [T1Space X] : Infinite X := infinite_univ_iff.mp <| isPreconnected_univ.infinite_of_nontrivial nontrivial_univ #align connected_space.infinite ConnectedSpace.infinite instance (priority := 100) ConnectedSpace.neBot_nhdsWithin_compl_of_nontrivial_of_t1space [ConnectedSpace X] [Nontrivial X] [T1Space X] (x : X) : NeBot (𝓝[≠] x) := by by_contra contra rw [not_neBot, ← isOpen_singleton_iff_punctured_nhds] at contra replace contra := nonempty_inter isOpen_compl_singleton contra (compl_union_self _) (Set.nonempty_compl_of_nontrivial _) (singleton_nonempty _) simp [compl_inter_self {x}] at contra theorem SeparationQuotient.t1Space_iff : T1Space (SeparationQuotient X) ↔ R0Space X := by rw [r0Space_iff, ((t1Space_TFAE (SeparationQuotient X)).out 0 9 :)] constructor · intro h x y xspecy rw [← Inducing.specializes_iff inducing_mk, h xspecy] at * · rintro h ⟨x⟩ ⟨y⟩ sxspecsy have xspecy : x ⤳ y := (Inducing.specializes_iff inducing_mk).mp sxspecsy have yspecx : y ⤳ x := h xspecy erw [mk_eq_mk, inseparable_iff_specializes_and] exact ⟨xspecy, yspecx⟩ theorem singleton_mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete {s : Set X} [DiscreteTopology s] {x : X} (hx : x ∈ s) : {x} ∈ 𝓝[s] x := by have : ({⟨x, hx⟩} : Set s) ∈ 𝓝 (⟨x, hx⟩ : s) := by simp [nhds_discrete] simpa only [nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe hx, image_singleton] using @image_mem_map _ _ _ ((↑) : s → X) _ this #align singleton_mem_nhds_within_of_mem_discrete singleton_mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete theorem nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete {s : Set X} [DiscreteTopology s] {x : X} (hx : x ∈ s) : 𝓝[s] x = pure x := le_antisymm (le_pure_iff.2 <| singleton_mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete hx) (pure_le_nhdsWithin hx) #align nhds_within_of_mem_discrete nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete theorem Filter.HasBasis.exists_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete {ι : Type*} {p : ι → Prop} {t : ι → Set X} {s : Set X} [DiscreteTopology s] {x : X} (hb : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p t) (hx : x ∈ s) : ∃ i, p i ∧ t i ∩ s = {x} := by rcases (nhdsWithin_hasBasis hb s).mem_iff.1 (singleton_mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_discrete hx) with ⟨i, hi, hix⟩ exact ⟨i, hi, hix.antisymm <| singleton_subset_iff.2 ⟨mem_of_mem_nhds <| hb.mem_of_mem hi, hx⟩⟩ #align filter.has_basis.exists_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete Filter.HasBasis.exists_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete theorem nhds_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete {s : Set X} [DiscreteTopology s] {x : X} (hx : x ∈ s) : ∃ U ∈ 𝓝 x, U ∩ s = {x} := by simpa using (𝓝 x).basis_sets.exists_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete hx #align nhds_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete nhds_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete
Mathlib/Topology/Separation.lean
972
979
theorem isOpen_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete {s : Set X} [DiscreteTopology s] {x : X} (hx : x ∈ s) : ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ U ∩ s = {x} := by
obtain ⟨U, hU_nhds, hU_inter⟩ := nhds_inter_eq_singleton_of_mem_discrete hx obtain ⟨t, ht_sub, ht_open, ht_x⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.mp hU_nhds refine ⟨t, ht_open, Set.Subset.antisymm ?_ ?_⟩ · exact hU_inter ▸ Set.inter_subset_inter_left s ht_sub · rw [Set.subset_inter_iff, Set.singleton_subset_iff, Set.singleton_subset_iff] exact ⟨ht_x, hx⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.GroupWithZero.Indicator import Mathlib.Topology.ContinuousOn import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.ENNReal #align_import topology.semicontinuous from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open Topology ENNReal open Set Function Filter variable {α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {β : Type*} [Preorder β] {f g : α → β} {x : α} {s t : Set α} {y z : β} def LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt (f : α → β) (s : Set α) (x : α) := ∀ y < f x, ∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝[s] x, y < f x' #align lower_semicontinuous_within_at LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt def LowerSemicontinuousOn (f : α → β) (s : Set α) := ∀ x ∈ s, LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f s x #align lower_semicontinuous_on LowerSemicontinuousOn def LowerSemicontinuousAt (f : α → β) (x : α) := ∀ y < f x, ∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝 x, y < f x' #align lower_semicontinuous_at LowerSemicontinuousAt def LowerSemicontinuous (f : α → β) := ∀ x, LowerSemicontinuousAt f x #align lower_semicontinuous LowerSemicontinuous def UpperSemicontinuousWithinAt (f : α → β) (s : Set α) (x : α) := ∀ y, f x < y → ∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝[s] x, f x' < y #align upper_semicontinuous_within_at UpperSemicontinuousWithinAt def UpperSemicontinuousOn (f : α → β) (s : Set α) := ∀ x ∈ s, UpperSemicontinuousWithinAt f s x #align upper_semicontinuous_on UpperSemicontinuousOn def UpperSemicontinuousAt (f : α → β) (x : α) := ∀ y, f x < y → ∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝 x, f x' < y #align upper_semicontinuous_at UpperSemicontinuousAt def UpperSemicontinuous (f : α → β) := ∀ x, UpperSemicontinuousAt f x #align upper_semicontinuous UpperSemicontinuous theorem LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt.mono (h : LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f s x) (hst : t ⊆ s) : LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f t x := fun y hy => Filter.Eventually.filter_mono (nhdsWithin_mono _ hst) (h y hy) #align lower_semicontinuous_within_at.mono LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt.mono theorem lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt_univ_iff : LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f univ x ↔ LowerSemicontinuousAt f x := by simp [LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt, LowerSemicontinuousAt, nhdsWithin_univ] #align lower_semicontinuous_within_at_univ_iff lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt_univ_iff theorem LowerSemicontinuousAt.lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt (s : Set α) (h : LowerSemicontinuousAt f x) : LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f s x := fun y hy => Filter.Eventually.filter_mono nhdsWithin_le_nhds (h y hy) #align lower_semicontinuous_at.lower_semicontinuous_within_at LowerSemicontinuousAt.lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt theorem LowerSemicontinuousOn.lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt (h : LowerSemicontinuousOn f s) (hx : x ∈ s) : LowerSemicontinuousWithinAt f s x := h x hx #align lower_semicontinuous_on.lower_semicontinuous_within_at LowerSemicontinuousOn.lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt theorem LowerSemicontinuousOn.mono (h : LowerSemicontinuousOn f s) (hst : t ⊆ s) : LowerSemicontinuousOn f t := fun x hx => (h x (hst hx)).mono hst #align lower_semicontinuous_on.mono LowerSemicontinuousOn.mono
Mathlib/Topology/Semicontinuous.lean
169
170
theorem lowerSemicontinuousOn_univ_iff : LowerSemicontinuousOn f univ ↔ LowerSemicontinuous f := by
simp [LowerSemicontinuousOn, LowerSemicontinuous, lowerSemicontinuousWithinAt_univ_iff]
import Mathlib.Geometry.Manifold.MFDeriv.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.ContinuousFunction.Basic import Mathlib.Geometry.Manifold.Algebra.LieGroup #align_import geometry.manifold.vector_bundle.smooth_section from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e473c3198bb41f68560cab68a0529c854b618833" open Bundle Filter Function open scoped Bundle Manifold variable {𝕜 : Type*} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] {E' : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E'] {H : Type*} [TopologicalSpace H] {H' : Type*} [TopologicalSpace H'] (I : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E H) (I' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E' H') {M : Type*} [TopologicalSpace M] [ChartedSpace H M] {M' : Type*} [TopologicalSpace M'] [ChartedSpace H' M'] {E'' : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E''] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E''] {H'' : Type*} [TopologicalSpace H''] {I'' : ModelWithCorners 𝕜 E'' H''} {M'' : Type*} [TopologicalSpace M''] [ChartedSpace H'' M''] [SmoothManifoldWithCorners I M] variable (F : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] -- `F` model fiber (n : ℕ∞) (V : M → Type*) [TopologicalSpace (TotalSpace F V)] -- `V` vector bundle [∀ x, AddCommGroup (V x)] [∀ x, Module 𝕜 (V x)] variable [∀ x : M, TopologicalSpace (V x)] [FiberBundle F V] [VectorBundle 𝕜 F V] [SmoothVectorBundle F V I] structure ContMDiffSection where protected toFun : ∀ x, V x protected contMDiff_toFun : ContMDiff I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) n fun x ↦ TotalSpace.mk' F x (toFun x) #align cont_mdiff_section ContMDiffSection abbrev SmoothSection := ContMDiffSection I F ⊤ V #align smooth_section SmoothSection @[inherit_doc] scoped[Manifold] notation "Cₛ^" n "⟮" I "; " F ", " V "⟯" => ContMDiffSection I F n V namespace ContMDiffSection variable {I} {I'} {n} {F} {V} instance : DFunLike Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ M V where coe := ContMDiffSection.toFun coe_injective' := by rintro ⟨⟩ ⟨⟩ h; congr variable {s t : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯} @[simp] theorem coeFn_mk (s : ∀ x, V x) (hs : ContMDiff I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) n fun x => TotalSpace.mk x (s x)) : (mk s hs : ∀ x, V x) = s := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_fn_mk ContMDiffSection.coeFn_mk protected theorem contMDiff (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) : ContMDiff I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) n fun x => TotalSpace.mk' F x (s x : V x) := s.contMDiff_toFun #align cont_mdiff_section.cont_mdiff ContMDiffSection.contMDiff protected theorem smooth (s : Cₛ^∞⟮I; F, V⟯) : Smooth I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) fun x => TotalSpace.mk' F x (s x : V x) := s.contMDiff_toFun #align cont_mdiff_section.smooth ContMDiffSection.smooth protected theorem mdifferentiable' (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) (hn : 1 ≤ n) : MDifferentiable I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) fun x => TotalSpace.mk' F x (s x : V x) := s.contMDiff.mdifferentiable hn #align cont_mdiff_section.mdifferentiable' ContMDiffSection.mdifferentiable' protected theorem mdifferentiable (s : Cₛ^∞⟮I; F, V⟯) : MDifferentiable I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) fun x => TotalSpace.mk' F x (s x : V x) := s.contMDiff.mdifferentiable le_top #align cont_mdiff_section.mdifferentiable ContMDiffSection.mdifferentiable protected theorem mdifferentiableAt (s : Cₛ^∞⟮I; F, V⟯) {x} : MDifferentiableAt I (I.prod 𝓘(𝕜, F)) (fun x => TotalSpace.mk' F x (s x : V x)) x := s.mdifferentiable x #align cont_mdiff_section.mdifferentiable_at ContMDiffSection.mdifferentiableAt theorem coe_inj ⦃s t : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯⦄ (h : (s : ∀ x, V x) = t) : s = t := DFunLike.ext' h #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_inj ContMDiffSection.coe_inj theorem coe_injective : Injective ((↑) : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ → ∀ x, V x) := coe_inj #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_injective ContMDiffSection.coe_injective @[ext] theorem ext (h : ∀ x, s x = t x) : s = t := DFunLike.ext _ _ h #align cont_mdiff_section.ext ContMDiffSection.ext instance instAdd : Add Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := by refine ⟨fun s t => ⟨s + t, ?_⟩⟩ intro x₀ have hs := s.contMDiff x₀ have ht := t.contMDiff x₀ rw [contMDiffAt_section] at hs ht ⊢ set e := trivializationAt F V x₀ refine (hs.add ht).congr_of_eventuallyEq ?_ refine eventually_of_mem (e.open_baseSet.mem_nhds <| mem_baseSet_trivializationAt F V x₀) ?_ intro x hx apply (e.linear 𝕜 hx).1 #align cont_mdiff_section.has_add ContMDiffSection.instAdd @[simp] theorem coe_add (s t : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) : ⇑(s + t) = ⇑s + t := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_add ContMDiffSection.coe_add instance instSub : Sub Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := by refine ⟨fun s t => ⟨s - t, ?_⟩⟩ intro x₀ have hs := s.contMDiff x₀ have ht := t.contMDiff x₀ rw [contMDiffAt_section] at hs ht ⊢ set e := trivializationAt F V x₀ refine (hs.sub ht).congr_of_eventuallyEq ?_ refine eventually_of_mem (e.open_baseSet.mem_nhds <| mem_baseSet_trivializationAt F V x₀) ?_ intro x hx apply (e.linear 𝕜 hx).map_sub #align cont_mdiff_section.has_sub ContMDiffSection.instSub @[simp] theorem coe_sub (s t : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) : ⇑(s - t) = s - t := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_sub ContMDiffSection.coe_sub instance instZero : Zero Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := ⟨⟨fun _ => 0, (smooth_zeroSection 𝕜 V).of_le le_top⟩⟩ #align cont_mdiff_section.has_zero ContMDiffSection.instZero instance inhabited : Inhabited Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := ⟨0⟩ #align cont_mdiff_section.inhabited ContMDiffSection.inhabited @[simp] theorem coe_zero : ⇑(0 : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) = 0 := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_zero ContMDiffSection.coe_zero instance instSMul : SMul 𝕜 Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := by refine ⟨fun c s => ⟨c • ⇑s, ?_⟩⟩ intro x₀ have hs := s.contMDiff x₀ rw [contMDiffAt_section] at hs ⊢ set e := trivializationAt F V x₀ refine ((contMDiffAt_const (c := c)).smul hs).congr_of_eventuallyEq ?_ refine eventually_of_mem (e.open_baseSet.mem_nhds <| mem_baseSet_trivializationAt F V x₀) ?_ intro x hx apply (e.linear 𝕜 hx).2 #align cont_mdiff_section.has_smul ContMDiffSection.instSMul @[simp] theorem coe_smul (r : 𝕜) (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) : ⇑(r • s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) = r • ⇑s := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_smul ContMDiffSection.coe_smul instance instNeg : Neg Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := by refine ⟨fun s => ⟨-s, ?_⟩⟩ intro x₀ have hs := s.contMDiff x₀ rw [contMDiffAt_section] at hs ⊢ set e := trivializationAt F V x₀ refine hs.neg.congr_of_eventuallyEq ?_ refine eventually_of_mem (e.open_baseSet.mem_nhds <| mem_baseSet_trivializationAt F V x₀) ?_ intro x hx apply (e.linear 𝕜 hx).map_neg #align cont_mdiff_section.has_neg ContMDiffSection.instNeg @[simp] theorem coe_neg (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) : ⇑(-s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) = -s := rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_neg ContMDiffSection.coe_neg instance instNSMul : SMul ℕ Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := ⟨nsmulRec⟩ #align cont_mdiff_section.has_nsmul ContMDiffSection.instNSMul @[simp] theorem coe_nsmul (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) (k : ℕ) : ⇑(k • s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) = k • ⇑s := by induction' k with k ih · simp_rw [zero_smul]; rfl simp_rw [succ_nsmul, ← ih]; rfl #align cont_mdiff_section.coe_nsmul ContMDiffSection.coe_nsmul instance instZSMul : SMul ℤ Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯ := ⟨zsmulRec⟩ #align cont_mdiff_section.has_zsmul ContMDiffSection.instZSMul @[simp]
Mathlib/Geometry/Manifold/VectorBundle/SmoothSection.lean
212
217
theorem coe_zsmul (s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) (z : ℤ) : ⇑(z • s : Cₛ^n⟮I; F, V⟯) = z • ⇑s := by
cases' z with n n · refine (coe_nsmul s n).trans ?_ simp only [Int.ofNat_eq_coe, natCast_zsmul] · refine (congr_arg Neg.neg (coe_nsmul s (n + 1))).trans ?_ simp only [negSucc_zsmul, neg_inj]
import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.AtPrime import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.FractionRing #align_import ring_theory.localization.localization_localization from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"831c494092374cfe9f50591ed0ac81a25efc5b86" open Function namespace IsLocalization section LocalizationLocalization variable {R : Type*} [CommSemiring R] (M : Submonoid R) {S : Type*} [CommSemiring S] variable [Algebra R S] {P : Type*} [CommSemiring P] variable (N : Submonoid S) (T : Type*) [CommSemiring T] [Algebra R T] section variable [Algebra S T] [IsScalarTower R S T] -- This should only be defined when `S` is the localization `M⁻¹R`, hence the nolint. @[nolint unusedArguments] def localizationLocalizationSubmodule : Submonoid R := (N ⊔ M.map (algebraMap R S)).comap (algebraMap R S) #align is_localization.localization_localization_submodule IsLocalization.localizationLocalizationSubmodule variable {M N} @[simp] theorem mem_localizationLocalizationSubmodule {x : R} : x ∈ localizationLocalizationSubmodule M N ↔ ∃ (y : N) (z : M), algebraMap R S x = y * algebraMap R S z := by rw [localizationLocalizationSubmodule, Submonoid.mem_comap, Submonoid.mem_sup] constructor · rintro ⟨y, hy, _, ⟨z, hz, rfl⟩, e⟩ exact ⟨⟨y, hy⟩, ⟨z, hz⟩, e.symm⟩ · rintro ⟨y, z, e⟩ exact ⟨y, y.prop, _, ⟨z, z.prop, rfl⟩, e.symm⟩ #align is_localization.mem_localization_localization_submodule IsLocalization.mem_localizationLocalizationSubmodule variable (M N) [IsLocalization M S] theorem localization_localization_map_units [IsLocalization N T] (y : localizationLocalizationSubmodule M N) : IsUnit (algebraMap R T y) := by obtain ⟨y', z, eq⟩ := mem_localizationLocalizationSubmodule.mp y.prop rw [IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, eq, RingHom.map_mul, IsUnit.mul_iff] exact ⟨IsLocalization.map_units T y', (IsLocalization.map_units _ z).map (algebraMap S T)⟩ #align is_localization.localization_localization_map_units IsLocalization.localization_localization_map_units theorem localization_localization_surj [IsLocalization N T] (x : T) : ∃ y : R × localizationLocalizationSubmodule M N, x * algebraMap R T y.2 = algebraMap R T y.1 := by rcases IsLocalization.surj N x with ⟨⟨y, s⟩, eq₁⟩ -- x = y / s rcases IsLocalization.surj M y with ⟨⟨z, t⟩, eq₂⟩ -- y = z / t rcases IsLocalization.surj M (s : S) with ⟨⟨z', t'⟩, eq₃⟩ -- s = z' / t' dsimp only at eq₁ eq₂ eq₃ refine ⟨⟨z * t', z' * t, ?_⟩, ?_⟩ -- x = y / s = (z * t') / (z' * t) · rw [mem_localizationLocalizationSubmodule] refine ⟨s, t * t', ?_⟩ rw [RingHom.map_mul, ← eq₃, mul_assoc, ← RingHom.map_mul, mul_comm t, Submonoid.coe_mul] · simp only [Subtype.coe_mk, RingHom.map_mul, IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, ← eq₃, ← eq₂, ← eq₁] ring #align is_localization.localization_localization_surj IsLocalization.localization_localization_surj theorem localization_localization_exists_of_eq [IsLocalization N T] (x y : R) : algebraMap R T x = algebraMap R T y → ∃ c : localizationLocalizationSubmodule M N, ↑c * x = ↑c * y := by rw [IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, IsLocalization.eq_iff_exists N T] rintro ⟨z, eq₁⟩ rcases IsLocalization.surj M (z : S) with ⟨⟨z', s⟩, eq₂⟩ dsimp only at eq₂ suffices (algebraMap R S) (x * z' : R) = (algebraMap R S) (y * z') by obtain ⟨c, eq₃ : ↑c * (x * z') = ↑c * (y * z')⟩ := (IsLocalization.eq_iff_exists M S).mp this refine ⟨⟨c * z', ?_⟩, ?_⟩ · rw [mem_localizationLocalizationSubmodule] refine ⟨z, c * s, ?_⟩ rw [map_mul, ← eq₂, Submonoid.coe_mul, map_mul, mul_left_comm] · rwa [mul_comm _ z', mul_comm _ z', ← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc] at eq₃ rw [map_mul, map_mul, ← eq₂, ← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc, mul_comm _ (z : S), eq₁, mul_comm _ (z : S)] #align is_localization.localization_localization_eq_iff_exists IsLocalization.localization_localization_exists_of_eqₓ theorem localization_localization_isLocalization [IsLocalization N T] : IsLocalization (localizationLocalizationSubmodule M N) T := { map_units' := localization_localization_map_units M N T surj' := localization_localization_surj M N T exists_of_eq := localization_localization_exists_of_eq M N T _ _ } #align is_localization.localization_localization_is_localization IsLocalization.localization_localization_isLocalization theorem localization_localization_isLocalization_of_has_all_units [IsLocalization N T] (H : ∀ x : S, IsUnit x → x ∈ N) : IsLocalization (N.comap (algebraMap R S)) T := by convert localization_localization_isLocalization M N T using 1 dsimp [localizationLocalizationSubmodule] congr symm rw [sup_eq_left] rintro _ ⟨x, hx, rfl⟩ exact H _ (IsLocalization.map_units _ ⟨x, hx⟩) #align is_localization.localization_localization_is_localization_of_has_all_units IsLocalization.localization_localization_isLocalization_of_has_all_units theorem isLocalization_isLocalization_atPrime_isLocalization (p : Ideal S) [Hp : p.IsPrime] [IsLocalization.AtPrime T p] : IsLocalization.AtPrime T (p.comap (algebraMap R S)) := by apply localization_localization_isLocalization_of_has_all_units M p.primeCompl T intro x hx hx' exact (Hp.1 : ¬_) (p.eq_top_of_isUnit_mem hx' hx) #align is_localization.is_localization_is_localization_at_prime_is_localization IsLocalization.isLocalization_isLocalization_atPrime_isLocalization instance (p : Ideal (Localization M)) [p.IsPrime] : Algebra R (Localization.AtPrime p) := inferInstance instance (p : Ideal (Localization M)) [p.IsPrime] : IsScalarTower R (Localization M) (Localization.AtPrime p) := IsScalarTower.of_algebraMap_eq' rfl instance localization_localization_atPrime_is_localization (p : Ideal (Localization M)) [p.IsPrime] : IsLocalization.AtPrime (Localization.AtPrime p) (p.comap (algebraMap R _)) := isLocalization_isLocalization_atPrime_isLocalization M _ _ #align is_localization.localization_localization_at_prime_is_localization IsLocalization.localization_localization_atPrime_is_localization noncomputable def localizationLocalizationAtPrimeIsoLocalization (p : Ideal (Localization M)) [p.IsPrime] : Localization.AtPrime (p.comap (algebraMap R (Localization M))) ≃ₐ[R] Localization.AtPrime p := IsLocalization.algEquiv (p.comap (algebraMap R (Localization M))).primeCompl _ _ #align is_localization.localization_localization_at_prime_iso_localization IsLocalization.localizationLocalizationAtPrimeIsoLocalization end variable (S) noncomputable def localizationAlgebraOfSubmonoidLe (M N : Submonoid R) (h : M ≤ N) [IsLocalization M S] [IsLocalization N T] : Algebra S T := (@IsLocalization.lift R _ M S _ _ T _ _ (algebraMap R T) (fun y => map_units T ⟨↑y, h y.prop⟩)).toAlgebra #align is_localization.localization_algebra_of_submonoid_le IsLocalization.localizationAlgebraOfSubmonoidLe theorem localization_isScalarTower_of_submonoid_le (M N : Submonoid R) (h : M ≤ N) [IsLocalization M S] [IsLocalization N T] : @IsScalarTower R S T _ (localizationAlgebraOfSubmonoidLe S T M N h).toSMul _ := letI := localizationAlgebraOfSubmonoidLe S T M N h IsScalarTower.of_algebraMap_eq' (IsLocalization.lift_comp _).symm #align is_localization.localization_is_scalar_tower_of_submonoid_le IsLocalization.localization_isScalarTower_of_submonoid_le noncomputable instance (x : Ideal R) [H : x.IsPrime] [IsDomain R] : Algebra (Localization.AtPrime x) (Localization (nonZeroDivisors R)) := localizationAlgebraOfSubmonoidLe _ _ x.primeCompl (nonZeroDivisors R) (by intro a ha rw [mem_nonZeroDivisors_iff_ne_zero] exact fun h => ha (h.symm ▸ x.zero_mem))
Mathlib/RingTheory/Localization/LocalizationLocalization.lean
198
231
theorem isLocalization_of_submonoid_le (M N : Submonoid R) (h : M ≤ N) [IsLocalization M S] [IsLocalization N T] [Algebra S T] [IsScalarTower R S T] : IsLocalization (N.map (algebraMap R S)) T := { map_units' := by
rintro ⟨_, ⟨y, hy, rfl⟩⟩ convert IsLocalization.map_units T ⟨y, hy⟩ exact (IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply _ _ _ _).symm surj' := fun y => by obtain ⟨⟨x, s⟩, e⟩ := IsLocalization.surj N y refine ⟨⟨algebraMap R S x, _, _, s.prop, rfl⟩, ?_⟩ simpa [← IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply] using e exists_of_eq := fun {x₁ x₂} => by obtain ⟨⟨y₁, s₁⟩, e₁⟩ := IsLocalization.surj M x₁ obtain ⟨⟨y₂, s₂⟩, e₂⟩ := IsLocalization.surj M x₂ refine (Set.exists_image_iff (algebraMap R S) N fun c => c * x₁ = c * x₂).mpr.comp ?_ dsimp only at e₁ e₂ ⊢ suffices algebraMap R T (y₁ * s₂) = algebraMap R T (y₂ * s₁) → ∃ a : N, algebraMap R S (a * (y₁ * s₂)) = algebraMap R S (a * (y₂ * s₁)) by have h₁ := @IsUnit.mul_left_inj T _ _ (algebraMap S T x₁) (algebraMap S T x₂) (IsLocalization.map_units T ⟨(s₁ : R), h s₁.prop⟩) have h₂ := @IsUnit.mul_left_inj T _ _ ((algebraMap S T x₁) * (algebraMap R T s₁)) ((algebraMap S T x₂) * (algebraMap R T s₁)) (IsLocalization.map_units T ⟨(s₂ : R), h s₂.prop⟩) simp only [IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, Subtype.coe_mk] at h₁ h₂ simp only [IsScalarTower.algebraMap_apply R S T, map_mul, ← e₁, ← e₂, ← mul_assoc, mul_right_comm _ (algebraMap R S s₂), mul_right_comm _ (algebraMap S T (algebraMap R S s₂)), (IsLocalization.map_units S s₁).mul_left_inj, (IsLocalization.map_units S s₂).mul_left_inj] at this rw [h₂, h₁] at this simpa only [mul_comm] using this simp_rw [IsLocalization.eq_iff_exists N T, IsLocalization.eq_iff_exists M S] intro ⟨a, e⟩ exact ⟨a, 1, by convert e using 1 <;> simp⟩ }
import Mathlib.Data.ENNReal.Inv #align_import data.real.ennreal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c14c8fcde993801fca8946b0d80131a1a81d1520" open Set NNReal ENNReal namespace ENNReal section Real variable {a b c d : ℝ≥0∞} {r p q : ℝ≥0} theorem toReal_add (ha : a ≠ ∞) (hb : b ≠ ∞) : (a + b).toReal = a.toReal + b.toReal := by lift a to ℝ≥0 using ha lift b to ℝ≥0 using hb rfl #align ennreal.to_real_add ENNReal.toReal_add theorem toReal_sub_of_le {a b : ℝ≥0∞} (h : b ≤ a) (ha : a ≠ ∞) : (a - b).toReal = a.toReal - b.toReal := by lift b to ℝ≥0 using ne_top_of_le_ne_top ha h lift a to ℝ≥0 using ha simp only [← ENNReal.coe_sub, ENNReal.coe_toReal, NNReal.coe_sub (ENNReal.coe_le_coe.mp h)] #align ennreal.to_real_sub_of_le ENNReal.toReal_sub_of_le theorem le_toReal_sub {a b : ℝ≥0∞} (hb : b ≠ ∞) : a.toReal - b.toReal ≤ (a - b).toReal := by lift b to ℝ≥0 using hb induction a · simp · simp only [← coe_sub, NNReal.sub_def, Real.coe_toNNReal', coe_toReal] exact le_max_left _ _ #align ennreal.le_to_real_sub ENNReal.le_toReal_sub theorem toReal_add_le : (a + b).toReal ≤ a.toReal + b.toReal := if ha : a = ∞ then by simp only [ha, top_add, top_toReal, zero_add, toReal_nonneg] else if hb : b = ∞ then by simp only [hb, add_top, top_toReal, add_zero, toReal_nonneg] else le_of_eq (toReal_add ha hb) #align ennreal.to_real_add_le ENNReal.toReal_add_le theorem ofReal_add {p q : ℝ} (hp : 0 ≤ p) (hq : 0 ≤ q) : ENNReal.ofReal (p + q) = ENNReal.ofReal p + ENNReal.ofReal q := by rw [ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, ← coe_add, coe_inj, Real.toNNReal_add hp hq] #align ennreal.of_real_add ENNReal.ofReal_add theorem ofReal_add_le {p q : ℝ} : ENNReal.ofReal (p + q) ≤ ENNReal.ofReal p + ENNReal.ofReal q := coe_le_coe.2 Real.toNNReal_add_le #align ennreal.of_real_add_le ENNReal.ofReal_add_le @[simp] theorem toReal_le_toReal (ha : a ≠ ∞) (hb : b ≠ ∞) : a.toReal ≤ b.toReal ↔ a ≤ b := by lift a to ℝ≥0 using ha lift b to ℝ≥0 using hb norm_cast #align ennreal.to_real_le_to_real ENNReal.toReal_le_toReal @[gcongr] theorem toReal_mono (hb : b ≠ ∞) (h : a ≤ b) : a.toReal ≤ b.toReal := (toReal_le_toReal (ne_top_of_le_ne_top hb h) hb).2 h #align ennreal.to_real_mono ENNReal.toReal_mono -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem toReal_mono' (h : a ≤ b) (ht : b = ∞ → a = ∞) : a.toReal ≤ b.toReal := by rcases eq_or_ne a ∞ with rfl | ha · exact toReal_nonneg · exact toReal_mono (mt ht ha) h @[simp] theorem toReal_lt_toReal (ha : a ≠ ∞) (hb : b ≠ ∞) : a.toReal < b.toReal ↔ a < b := by lift a to ℝ≥0 using ha lift b to ℝ≥0 using hb norm_cast #align ennreal.to_real_lt_to_real ENNReal.toReal_lt_toReal @[gcongr] theorem toReal_strict_mono (hb : b ≠ ∞) (h : a < b) : a.toReal < b.toReal := (toReal_lt_toReal h.ne_top hb).2 h #align ennreal.to_real_strict_mono ENNReal.toReal_strict_mono @[gcongr] theorem toNNReal_mono (hb : b ≠ ∞) (h : a ≤ b) : a.toNNReal ≤ b.toNNReal := toReal_mono hb h #align ennreal.to_nnreal_mono ENNReal.toNNReal_mono -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem toReal_le_add' (hle : a ≤ b + c) (hb : b = ∞ → a = ∞) (hc : c = ∞ → a = ∞) : a.toReal ≤ b.toReal + c.toReal := by refine le_trans (toReal_mono' hle ?_) toReal_add_le simpa only [add_eq_top, or_imp] using And.intro hb hc -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem toReal_le_add (hle : a ≤ b + c) (hb : b ≠ ∞) (hc : c ≠ ∞) : a.toReal ≤ b.toReal + c.toReal := toReal_le_add' hle (flip absurd hb) (flip absurd hc) @[simp] theorem toNNReal_le_toNNReal (ha : a ≠ ∞) (hb : b ≠ ∞) : a.toNNReal ≤ b.toNNReal ↔ a ≤ b := ⟨fun h => by rwa [← coe_toNNReal ha, ← coe_toNNReal hb, coe_le_coe], toNNReal_mono hb⟩ #align ennreal.to_nnreal_le_to_nnreal ENNReal.toNNReal_le_toNNReal theorem toNNReal_strict_mono (hb : b ≠ ∞) (h : a < b) : a.toNNReal < b.toNNReal := by simpa [← ENNReal.coe_lt_coe, hb, h.ne_top] #align ennreal.to_nnreal_strict_mono ENNReal.toNNReal_strict_mono @[simp] theorem toNNReal_lt_toNNReal (ha : a ≠ ∞) (hb : b ≠ ∞) : a.toNNReal < b.toNNReal ↔ a < b := ⟨fun h => by rwa [← coe_toNNReal ha, ← coe_toNNReal hb, coe_lt_coe], toNNReal_strict_mono hb⟩ #align ennreal.to_nnreal_lt_to_nnreal ENNReal.toNNReal_lt_toNNReal theorem toReal_max (hr : a ≠ ∞) (hp : b ≠ ∞) : ENNReal.toReal (max a b) = max (ENNReal.toReal a) (ENNReal.toReal b) := (le_total a b).elim (fun h => by simp only [h, (ENNReal.toReal_le_toReal hr hp).2 h, max_eq_right]) fun h => by simp only [h, (ENNReal.toReal_le_toReal hp hr).2 h, max_eq_left] #align ennreal.to_real_max ENNReal.toReal_max theorem toReal_min {a b : ℝ≥0∞} (hr : a ≠ ∞) (hp : b ≠ ∞) : ENNReal.toReal (min a b) = min (ENNReal.toReal a) (ENNReal.toReal b) := (le_total a b).elim (fun h => by simp only [h, (ENNReal.toReal_le_toReal hr hp).2 h, min_eq_left]) fun h => by simp only [h, (ENNReal.toReal_le_toReal hp hr).2 h, min_eq_right] #align ennreal.to_real_min ENNReal.toReal_min theorem toReal_sup {a b : ℝ≥0∞} : a ≠ ∞ → b ≠ ∞ → (a ⊔ b).toReal = a.toReal ⊔ b.toReal := toReal_max #align ennreal.to_real_sup ENNReal.toReal_sup theorem toReal_inf {a b : ℝ≥0∞} : a ≠ ∞ → b ≠ ∞ → (a ⊓ b).toReal = a.toReal ⊓ b.toReal := toReal_min #align ennreal.to_real_inf ENNReal.toReal_inf theorem toNNReal_pos_iff : 0 < a.toNNReal ↔ 0 < a ∧ a < ∞ := by induction a <;> simp #align ennreal.to_nnreal_pos_iff ENNReal.toNNReal_pos_iff theorem toNNReal_pos {a : ℝ≥0∞} (ha₀ : a ≠ 0) (ha_top : a ≠ ∞) : 0 < a.toNNReal := toNNReal_pos_iff.mpr ⟨bot_lt_iff_ne_bot.mpr ha₀, lt_top_iff_ne_top.mpr ha_top⟩ #align ennreal.to_nnreal_pos ENNReal.toNNReal_pos theorem toReal_pos_iff : 0 < a.toReal ↔ 0 < a ∧ a < ∞ := NNReal.coe_pos.trans toNNReal_pos_iff #align ennreal.to_real_pos_iff ENNReal.toReal_pos_iff theorem toReal_pos {a : ℝ≥0∞} (ha₀ : a ≠ 0) (ha_top : a ≠ ∞) : 0 < a.toReal := toReal_pos_iff.mpr ⟨bot_lt_iff_ne_bot.mpr ha₀, lt_top_iff_ne_top.mpr ha_top⟩ #align ennreal.to_real_pos ENNReal.toReal_pos @[gcongr] theorem ofReal_le_ofReal {p q : ℝ} (h : p ≤ q) : ENNReal.ofReal p ≤ ENNReal.ofReal q := by simp [ENNReal.ofReal, Real.toNNReal_le_toNNReal h] #align ennreal.of_real_le_of_real ENNReal.ofReal_le_ofReal theorem ofReal_le_of_le_toReal {a : ℝ} {b : ℝ≥0∞} (h : a ≤ ENNReal.toReal b) : ENNReal.ofReal a ≤ b := (ofReal_le_ofReal h).trans ofReal_toReal_le #align ennreal.of_real_le_of_le_to_real ENNReal.ofReal_le_of_le_toReal @[simp] theorem ofReal_le_ofReal_iff {p q : ℝ} (h : 0 ≤ q) : ENNReal.ofReal p ≤ ENNReal.ofReal q ↔ p ≤ q := by rw [ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, coe_le_coe, Real.toNNReal_le_toNNReal_iff h] #align ennreal.of_real_le_of_real_iff ENNReal.ofReal_le_ofReal_iff lemma ofReal_le_ofReal_iff' {p q : ℝ} : ENNReal.ofReal p ≤ .ofReal q ↔ p ≤ q ∨ p ≤ 0 := coe_le_coe.trans Real.toNNReal_le_toNNReal_iff' lemma ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff' {p q : ℝ} : ENNReal.ofReal p < .ofReal q ↔ p < q ∧ 0 < q := coe_lt_coe.trans Real.toNNReal_lt_toNNReal_iff' @[simp] theorem ofReal_eq_ofReal_iff {p q : ℝ} (hp : 0 ≤ p) (hq : 0 ≤ q) : ENNReal.ofReal p = ENNReal.ofReal q ↔ p = q := by rw [ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, coe_inj, Real.toNNReal_eq_toNNReal_iff hp hq] #align ennreal.of_real_eq_of_real_iff ENNReal.ofReal_eq_ofReal_iff @[simp] theorem ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff {p q : ℝ} (h : 0 < q) : ENNReal.ofReal p < ENNReal.ofReal q ↔ p < q := by rw [ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, coe_lt_coe, Real.toNNReal_lt_toNNReal_iff h] #align ennreal.of_real_lt_of_real_iff ENNReal.ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff theorem ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff_of_nonneg {p q : ℝ} (hp : 0 ≤ p) : ENNReal.ofReal p < ENNReal.ofReal q ↔ p < q := by rw [ENNReal.ofReal, ENNReal.ofReal, coe_lt_coe, Real.toNNReal_lt_toNNReal_iff_of_nonneg hp] #align ennreal.of_real_lt_of_real_iff_of_nonneg ENNReal.ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff_of_nonneg @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/ENNReal/Real.lean
218
218
theorem ofReal_pos {p : ℝ} : 0 < ENNReal.ofReal p ↔ 0 < p := by
simp [ENNReal.ofReal]
import Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.Gluing import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Opposites import Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.AffineScheme import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Shapes.Diagonal #align_import algebraic_geometry.pullbacks from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7316286ff2942aa14e540add9058c6b0aa1c8070" set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false universe v u noncomputable section open CategoryTheory CategoryTheory.Limits AlgebraicGeometry namespace AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme namespace Pullback variable {C : Type u} [Category.{v} C] variable {X Y Z : Scheme.{u}} (𝒰 : OpenCover.{u} X) (f : X ⟶ Z) (g : Y ⟶ Z) variable [∀ i, HasPullback (𝒰.map i ≫ f) g] def v (i j : 𝒰.J) : Scheme := pullback ((pullback.fst : pullback (𝒰.map i ≫ f) g ⟶ _) ≫ 𝒰.map i) (𝒰.map j) #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.V AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.v def t (i j : 𝒰.J) : v 𝒰 f g i j ⟶ v 𝒰 f g j i := by have : HasPullback (pullback.snd ≫ 𝒰.map i ≫ f) g := hasPullback_assoc_symm (𝒰.map j) (𝒰.map i) (𝒰.map i ≫ f) g have : HasPullback (pullback.snd ≫ 𝒰.map j ≫ f) g := hasPullback_assoc_symm (𝒰.map i) (𝒰.map j) (𝒰.map j ≫ f) g refine (pullbackSymmetry ..).hom ≫ (pullbackAssoc ..).inv ≫ ?_ refine ?_ ≫ (pullbackAssoc ..).hom ≫ (pullbackSymmetry ..).hom refine pullback.map _ _ _ _ (pullbackSymmetry _ _).hom (𝟙 _) (𝟙 _) ?_ ?_ · rw [pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc, pullback.condition_assoc, Category.comp_id] · rw [Category.comp_id, Category.id_comp] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t @[simp, reassoc] theorem t_fst_fst (i j : 𝒰.J) : t 𝒰 f g i j ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst = pullback.snd := by simp only [t, Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst_assoc, pullbackAssoc_hom_snd_fst, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd, pullbackAssoc_inv_fst_fst, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t_fst_fst AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t_fst_fst @[simp, reassoc] theorem t_fst_snd (i j : 𝒰.J) : t 𝒰 f g i j ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t, Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst_assoc, pullbackAssoc_hom_snd_snd, pullback.lift_snd, Category.comp_id, pullbackAssoc_inv_snd, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t_fst_snd AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t_fst_snd @[simp, reassoc] theorem t_snd (i j : 𝒰.J) : t 𝒰 f g i j ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst := by simp only [t, Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd, pullbackAssoc_hom_fst, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst, pullbackAssoc_inv_fst_snd, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t_snd AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t_snd theorem t_id (i : 𝒰.J) : t 𝒰 f g i i = 𝟙 _ := by apply pullback.hom_ext <;> rw [Category.id_comp] · apply pullback.hom_ext · rw [← cancel_mono (𝒰.map i)]; simp only [pullback.condition, Category.assoc, t_fst_fst] · simp only [Category.assoc, t_fst_snd] · rw [← cancel_mono (𝒰.map i)]; simp only [pullback.condition, t_snd, Category.assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t_id AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t_id abbrev fV (i j : 𝒰.J) : v 𝒰 f g i j ⟶ pullback (𝒰.map i ≫ f) g := pullback.fst #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.fV AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.fV def t' (i j k : 𝒰.J) : pullback (fV 𝒰 f g i j) (fV 𝒰 f g i k) ⟶ pullback (fV 𝒰 f g j k) (fV 𝒰 f g j i) := by refine (pullbackRightPullbackFstIso ..).hom ≫ ?_ refine ?_ ≫ (pullbackSymmetry _ _).hom refine ?_ ≫ (pullbackRightPullbackFstIso ..).inv refine pullback.map _ _ _ _ (t 𝒰 f g i j) (𝟙 _) (𝟙 _) ?_ ?_ · simp_rw [Category.comp_id, t_fst_fst_assoc, ← pullback.condition] · rw [Category.comp_id, Category.id_comp] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t' AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t' @[simp, reassoc] theorem t'_fst_fst_fst (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_snd_fst_assoc, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, t_fst_fst, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_fst_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t'_fst_fst_fst AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t'_fst_fst_fst @[simp, reassoc] theorem t'_fst_fst_snd (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_snd_fst_assoc, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, t_fst_snd, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_fst_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t'_fst_fst_snd AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t'_fst_fst_snd @[simp, reassoc] theorem t'_fst_snd (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.snd ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_fst_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_snd_snd, pullback.lift_snd, Category.comp_id, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_snd] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t'_fst_snd AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t'_fst_snd @[simp, reassoc] theorem t'_snd_fst_fst (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.snd ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_fst_assoc, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, t_fst_fst, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_fst_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t'_snd_fst_fst AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t'_snd_fst_fst @[simp, reassoc] theorem t'_snd_fst_snd (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.snd ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.snd := by simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_fst_assoc, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, t_fst_snd, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_fst_assoc] #align algebraic_geometry.Scheme.pullback.t'_snd_fst_snd AlgebraicGeometry.Scheme.Pullback.t'_snd_fst_snd @[simp, reassoc]
Mathlib/AlgebraicGeometry/Pullbacks.lean
152
156
theorem t'_snd_snd (i j k : 𝒰.J) : t' 𝒰 f g i j k ≫ pullback.snd ≫ pullback.snd = pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst ≫ pullback.fst := by
simp only [t', Category.assoc, pullbackSymmetry_hom_comp_snd_assoc, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_inv_fst_assoc, pullback.lift_fst_assoc, t_snd, pullbackRightPullbackFstIso_hom_fst_assoc]
import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Defs import Mathlib.Data.Option.Basic import Mathlib.Data.List.Defs import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Basic import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Instances import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Lemmas import Mathlib.Logic.Unique import Mathlib.Order.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.Common #align_import data.list.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"65a1391a0106c9204fe45bc73a039f056558cb83" assert_not_exists Set.range assert_not_exists GroupWithZero assert_not_exists Ring open Function open Nat hiding one_pos namespace List universe u v w variable {ι : Type*} {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {γ : Type w} {l₁ l₂ : List α} -- Porting note: Delete this attribute -- attribute [inline] List.head! instance uniqueOfIsEmpty [IsEmpty α] : Unique (List α) := { instInhabitedList with uniq := fun l => match l with | [] => rfl | a :: _ => isEmptyElim a } #align list.unique_of_is_empty List.uniqueOfIsEmpty instance : Std.LawfulIdentity (α := List α) Append.append [] where left_id := nil_append right_id := append_nil instance : Std.Associative (α := List α) Append.append where assoc := append_assoc #align list.cons_ne_nil List.cons_ne_nil #align list.cons_ne_self List.cons_ne_self #align list.head_eq_of_cons_eq List.head_eq_of_cons_eqₓ -- implicits order #align list.tail_eq_of_cons_eq List.tail_eq_of_cons_eqₓ -- implicits order @[simp] theorem cons_injective {a : α} : Injective (cons a) := fun _ _ => tail_eq_of_cons_eq #align list.cons_injective List.cons_injective #align list.cons_inj List.cons_inj #align list.cons_eq_cons List.cons_eq_cons theorem singleton_injective : Injective fun a : α => [a] := fun _ _ h => (cons_eq_cons.1 h).1 #align list.singleton_injective List.singleton_injective theorem singleton_inj {a b : α} : [a] = [b] ↔ a = b := singleton_injective.eq_iff #align list.singleton_inj List.singleton_inj #align list.exists_cons_of_ne_nil List.exists_cons_of_ne_nil theorem set_of_mem_cons (l : List α) (a : α) : { x | x ∈ a :: l } = insert a { x | x ∈ l } := Set.ext fun _ => mem_cons #align list.set_of_mem_cons List.set_of_mem_cons #align list.mem_singleton_self List.mem_singleton_self #align list.eq_of_mem_singleton List.eq_of_mem_singleton #align list.mem_singleton List.mem_singleton #align list.mem_of_mem_cons_of_mem List.mem_of_mem_cons_of_mem theorem _root_.Decidable.List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem [DecidableEq α] {a b : α} {l : List α} (h : a ∈ b :: l) : a = b ∨ a ≠ b ∧ a ∈ l := by by_cases hab : a = b · exact Or.inl hab · exact ((List.mem_cons.1 h).elim Or.inl (fun h => Or.inr ⟨hab, h⟩)) #align decidable.list.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem Decidable.List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem #align list.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem List.eq_or_ne_mem_of_mem #align list.not_mem_append List.not_mem_append #align list.ne_nil_of_mem List.ne_nil_of_mem lemma mem_pair {a b c : α} : a ∈ [b, c] ↔ a = b ∨ a = c := by rw [mem_cons, mem_singleton] @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-23")] alias mem_split := append_of_mem #align list.mem_split List.append_of_mem #align list.mem_of_ne_of_mem List.mem_of_ne_of_mem #align list.ne_of_not_mem_cons List.ne_of_not_mem_cons #align list.not_mem_of_not_mem_cons List.not_mem_of_not_mem_cons #align list.not_mem_cons_of_ne_of_not_mem List.not_mem_cons_of_ne_of_not_mem #align list.ne_and_not_mem_of_not_mem_cons List.ne_and_not_mem_of_not_mem_cons #align list.mem_map List.mem_map #align list.exists_of_mem_map List.exists_of_mem_map #align list.mem_map_of_mem List.mem_map_of_memₓ -- implicits order -- The simpNF linter says that the LHS can be simplified via `List.mem_map`. -- However this is a higher priority lemma. -- https://github.com/leanprover/std4/issues/207 @[simp 1100, nolint simpNF] theorem mem_map_of_injective {f : α → β} (H : Injective f) {a : α} {l : List α} : f a ∈ map f l ↔ a ∈ l := ⟨fun m => let ⟨_, m', e⟩ := exists_of_mem_map m; H e ▸ m', mem_map_of_mem _⟩ #align list.mem_map_of_injective List.mem_map_of_injective @[simp] theorem _root_.Function.Involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff {f : α → α} (hf : Function.Involutive f) (x : α) (l : List α) : (∃ y : α, y ∈ l ∧ f y = x) ↔ f x ∈ l := ⟨by rintro ⟨y, h, rfl⟩; rwa [hf y], fun h => ⟨f x, h, hf _⟩⟩ #align function.involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff Function.Involutive.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff theorem mem_map_of_involutive {f : α → α} (hf : Involutive f) {a : α} {l : List α} : a ∈ map f l ↔ f a ∈ l := by rw [mem_map, hf.exists_mem_and_apply_eq_iff] #align list.mem_map_of_involutive List.mem_map_of_involutive #align list.forall_mem_map_iff List.forall_mem_map_iffₓ -- universe order #align list.map_eq_nil List.map_eq_nilₓ -- universe order attribute [simp] List.mem_join #align list.mem_join List.mem_join #align list.exists_of_mem_join List.exists_of_mem_join #align list.mem_join_of_mem List.mem_join_of_memₓ -- implicits order attribute [simp] List.mem_bind #align list.mem_bind List.mem_bindₓ -- implicits order -- Porting note: bExists in Lean3, And in Lean4 #align list.exists_of_mem_bind List.exists_of_mem_bindₓ -- implicits order #align list.mem_bind_of_mem List.mem_bind_of_memₓ -- implicits order #align list.bind_map List.bind_mapₓ -- implicits order theorem map_bind (g : β → List γ) (f : α → β) : ∀ l : List α, (List.map f l).bind g = l.bind fun a => g (f a) | [] => rfl | a :: l => by simp only [cons_bind, map_cons, map_bind _ _ l] #align list.map_bind List.map_bind #align list.length_eq_zero List.length_eq_zero #align list.length_singleton List.length_singleton #align list.length_pos_of_mem List.length_pos_of_mem #align list.exists_mem_of_length_pos List.exists_mem_of_length_pos #align list.length_pos_iff_exists_mem List.length_pos_iff_exists_mem alias ⟨ne_nil_of_length_pos, length_pos_of_ne_nil⟩ := length_pos #align list.ne_nil_of_length_pos List.ne_nil_of_length_pos #align list.length_pos_of_ne_nil List.length_pos_of_ne_nil theorem length_pos_iff_ne_nil {l : List α} : 0 < length l ↔ l ≠ [] := ⟨ne_nil_of_length_pos, length_pos_of_ne_nil⟩ #align list.length_pos_iff_ne_nil List.length_pos_iff_ne_nil #align list.exists_mem_of_ne_nil List.exists_mem_of_ne_nil #align list.length_eq_one List.length_eq_one theorem exists_of_length_succ {n} : ∀ l : List α, l.length = n + 1 → ∃ h t, l = h :: t | [], H => absurd H.symm <| succ_ne_zero n | h :: t, _ => ⟨h, t, rfl⟩ #align list.exists_of_length_succ List.exists_of_length_succ @[simp] lemma length_injective_iff : Injective (List.length : List α → ℕ) ↔ Subsingleton α := by constructor · intro h; refine ⟨fun x y => ?_⟩; (suffices [x] = [y] by simpa using this); apply h; rfl · intros hα l1 l2 hl induction l1 generalizing l2 <;> cases l2 · rfl · cases hl · cases hl · next ih _ _ => congr · exact Subsingleton.elim _ _ · apply ih; simpa using hl #align list.length_injective_iff List.length_injective_iff @[simp default+1] -- Porting note: this used to be just @[simp] lemma length_injective [Subsingleton α] : Injective (length : List α → ℕ) := length_injective_iff.mpr inferInstance #align list.length_injective List.length_injective theorem length_eq_two {l : List α} : l.length = 2 ↔ ∃ a b, l = [a, b] := ⟨fun _ => let [a, b] := l; ⟨a, b, rfl⟩, fun ⟨_, _, e⟩ => e ▸ rfl⟩ #align list.length_eq_two List.length_eq_two theorem length_eq_three {l : List α} : l.length = 3 ↔ ∃ a b c, l = [a, b, c] := ⟨fun _ => let [a, b, c] := l; ⟨a, b, c, rfl⟩, fun ⟨_, _, _, e⟩ => e ▸ rfl⟩ #align list.length_eq_three List.length_eq_three #align list.sublist.length_le List.Sublist.length_le -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance instSingletonList : Singleton α (List α) := ⟨fun x => [x]⟩ #align list.has_singleton List.instSingletonList -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance [DecidableEq α] : Insert α (List α) := ⟨List.insert⟩ -- ADHOC Porting note: instance from Lean3 core instance [DecidableEq α] : LawfulSingleton α (List α) := { insert_emptyc_eq := fun x => show (if x ∈ ([] : List α) then [] else [x]) = [x] from if_neg (not_mem_nil _) } #align list.empty_eq List.empty_eq theorem singleton_eq (x : α) : ({x} : List α) = [x] := rfl #align list.singleton_eq List.singleton_eq theorem insert_neg [DecidableEq α] {x : α} {l : List α} (h : x ∉ l) : Insert.insert x l = x :: l := insert_of_not_mem h #align list.insert_neg List.insert_neg theorem insert_pos [DecidableEq α] {x : α} {l : List α} (h : x ∈ l) : Insert.insert x l = l := insert_of_mem h #align list.insert_pos List.insert_pos theorem doubleton_eq [DecidableEq α] {x y : α} (h : x ≠ y) : ({x, y} : List α) = [x, y] := by rw [insert_neg, singleton_eq] rwa [singleton_eq, mem_singleton] #align list.doubleton_eq List.doubleton_eq #align list.forall_mem_nil List.forall_mem_nil #align list.forall_mem_cons List.forall_mem_cons theorem forall_mem_of_forall_mem_cons {p : α → Prop} {a : α} {l : List α} (h : ∀ x ∈ a :: l, p x) : ∀ x ∈ l, p x := (forall_mem_cons.1 h).2 #align list.forall_mem_of_forall_mem_cons List.forall_mem_of_forall_mem_cons #align list.forall_mem_singleton List.forall_mem_singleton #align list.forall_mem_append List.forall_mem_append #align list.not_exists_mem_nil List.not_exists_mem_nilₓ -- bExists change -- Porting note: bExists in Lean3 and And in Lean4 theorem exists_mem_cons_of {p : α → Prop} {a : α} (l : List α) (h : p a) : ∃ x ∈ a :: l, p x := ⟨a, mem_cons_self _ _, h⟩ #align list.exists_mem_cons_of List.exists_mem_cons_ofₓ -- bExists change -- Porting note: bExists in Lean3 and And in Lean4 theorem exists_mem_cons_of_exists {p : α → Prop} {a : α} {l : List α} : (∃ x ∈ l, p x) → ∃ x ∈ a :: l, p x := fun ⟨x, xl, px⟩ => ⟨x, mem_cons_of_mem _ xl, px⟩ #align list.exists_mem_cons_of_exists List.exists_mem_cons_of_existsₓ -- bExists change -- Porting note: bExists in Lean3 and And in Lean4 theorem or_exists_of_exists_mem_cons {p : α → Prop} {a : α} {l : List α} : (∃ x ∈ a :: l, p x) → p a ∨ ∃ x ∈ l, p x := fun ⟨x, xal, px⟩ => Or.elim (eq_or_mem_of_mem_cons xal) (fun h : x = a => by rw [← h]; left; exact px) fun h : x ∈ l => Or.inr ⟨x, h, px⟩ #align list.or_exists_of_exists_mem_cons List.or_exists_of_exists_mem_consₓ -- bExists change theorem exists_mem_cons_iff (p : α → Prop) (a : α) (l : List α) : (∃ x ∈ a :: l, p x) ↔ p a ∨ ∃ x ∈ l, p x := Iff.intro or_exists_of_exists_mem_cons fun h => Or.elim h (exists_mem_cons_of l) exists_mem_cons_of_exists #align list.exists_mem_cons_iff List.exists_mem_cons_iff instance : IsTrans (List α) Subset where trans := fun _ _ _ => List.Subset.trans #align list.subset_def List.subset_def #align list.subset_append_of_subset_left List.subset_append_of_subset_left #align list.subset_append_of_subset_right List.subset_append_of_subset_right #align list.cons_subset List.cons_subset theorem cons_subset_of_subset_of_mem {a : α} {l m : List α} (ainm : a ∈ m) (lsubm : l ⊆ m) : a::l ⊆ m := cons_subset.2 ⟨ainm, lsubm⟩ #align list.cons_subset_of_subset_of_mem List.cons_subset_of_subset_of_mem theorem append_subset_of_subset_of_subset {l₁ l₂ l : List α} (l₁subl : l₁ ⊆ l) (l₂subl : l₂ ⊆ l) : l₁ ++ l₂ ⊆ l := fun _ h ↦ (mem_append.1 h).elim (@l₁subl _) (@l₂subl _) #align list.append_subset_of_subset_of_subset List.append_subset_of_subset_of_subset -- Porting note: in Batteries #align list.append_subset_iff List.append_subset alias ⟨eq_nil_of_subset_nil, _⟩ := subset_nil #align list.eq_nil_of_subset_nil List.eq_nil_of_subset_nil #align list.eq_nil_iff_forall_not_mem List.eq_nil_iff_forall_not_mem #align list.map_subset List.map_subset theorem map_subset_iff {l₁ l₂ : List α} (f : α → β) (h : Injective f) : map f l₁ ⊆ map f l₂ ↔ l₁ ⊆ l₂ := by refine ⟨?_, map_subset f⟩; intro h2 x hx rcases mem_map.1 (h2 (mem_map_of_mem f hx)) with ⟨x', hx', hxx'⟩ cases h hxx'; exact hx' #align list.map_subset_iff List.map_subset_iff theorem append_eq_has_append {L₁ L₂ : List α} : List.append L₁ L₂ = L₁ ++ L₂ := rfl #align list.append_eq_has_append List.append_eq_has_append #align list.singleton_append List.singleton_append #align list.append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_left List.append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_left #align list.append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_right List.append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_right #align list.append_eq_nil List.append_eq_nil -- Porting note: in Batteries #align list.nil_eq_append_iff List.nil_eq_append @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-24")] alias append_eq_cons_iff := append_eq_cons #align list.append_eq_cons_iff List.append_eq_cons @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-24")] alias cons_eq_append_iff := cons_eq_append #align list.cons_eq_append_iff List.cons_eq_append #align list.append_eq_append_iff List.append_eq_append_iff #align list.take_append_drop List.take_append_drop #align list.append_inj List.append_inj #align list.append_inj_right List.append_inj_rightₓ -- implicits order #align list.append_inj_left List.append_inj_leftₓ -- implicits order #align list.append_inj' List.append_inj'ₓ -- implicits order #align list.append_inj_right' List.append_inj_right'ₓ -- implicits order #align list.append_inj_left' List.append_inj_left'ₓ -- implicits order @[deprecated (since := "2024-01-18")] alias append_left_cancel := append_cancel_left #align list.append_left_cancel List.append_cancel_left @[deprecated (since := "2024-01-18")] alias append_right_cancel := append_cancel_right #align list.append_right_cancel List.append_cancel_right @[simp] theorem append_left_eq_self {x y : List α} : x ++ y = y ↔ x = [] := by rw [← append_left_inj (s₁ := x), nil_append] @[simp] theorem self_eq_append_left {x y : List α} : y = x ++ y ↔ x = [] := by rw [eq_comm, append_left_eq_self] @[simp] theorem append_right_eq_self {x y : List α} : x ++ y = x ↔ y = [] := by rw [← append_right_inj (t₁ := y), append_nil] @[simp] theorem self_eq_append_right {x y : List α} : x = x ++ y ↔ y = [] := by rw [eq_comm, append_right_eq_self] theorem append_right_injective (s : List α) : Injective fun t ↦ s ++ t := fun _ _ ↦ append_cancel_left #align list.append_right_injective List.append_right_injective #align list.append_right_inj List.append_right_inj theorem append_left_injective (t : List α) : Injective fun s ↦ s ++ t := fun _ _ ↦ append_cancel_right #align list.append_left_injective List.append_left_injective #align list.append_left_inj List.append_left_inj #align list.map_eq_append_split List.map_eq_append_split @[simp] lemma replicate_zero (a : α) : replicate 0 a = [] := rfl #align list.replicate_zero List.replicate_zero attribute [simp] replicate_succ #align list.replicate_succ List.replicate_succ lemma replicate_one (a : α) : replicate 1 a = [a] := rfl #align list.replicate_one List.replicate_one #align list.length_replicate List.length_replicate #align list.mem_replicate List.mem_replicate #align list.eq_of_mem_replicate List.eq_of_mem_replicate theorem eq_replicate_length {a : α} : ∀ {l : List α}, l = replicate l.length a ↔ ∀ b ∈ l, b = a | [] => by simp | (b :: l) => by simp [eq_replicate_length] #align list.eq_replicate_length List.eq_replicate_length #align list.eq_replicate_of_mem List.eq_replicate_of_mem #align list.eq_replicate List.eq_replicate theorem replicate_add (m n) (a : α) : replicate (m + n) a = replicate m a ++ replicate n a := by induction m <;> simp [*, succ_add, replicate] #align list.replicate_add List.replicate_add theorem replicate_succ' (n) (a : α) : replicate (n + 1) a = replicate n a ++ [a] := replicate_add n 1 a #align list.replicate_succ' List.replicate_succ' theorem replicate_subset_singleton (n) (a : α) : replicate n a ⊆ [a] := fun _ h => mem_singleton.2 (eq_of_mem_replicate h) #align list.replicate_subset_singleton List.replicate_subset_singleton theorem subset_singleton_iff {a : α} {L : List α} : L ⊆ [a] ↔ ∃ n, L = replicate n a := by simp only [eq_replicate, subset_def, mem_singleton, exists_eq_left'] #align list.subset_singleton_iff List.subset_singleton_iff @[simp] theorem map_replicate (f : α → β) (n) (a : α) : map f (replicate n a) = replicate n (f a) := by induction n <;> [rfl; simp only [*, replicate, map]] #align list.map_replicate List.map_replicate @[simp] theorem tail_replicate (a : α) (n) : tail (replicate n a) = replicate (n - 1) a := by cases n <;> rfl #align list.tail_replicate List.tail_replicate @[simp] theorem join_replicate_nil (n : ℕ) : join (replicate n []) = @nil α := by induction n <;> [rfl; simp only [*, replicate, join, append_nil]] #align list.join_replicate_nil List.join_replicate_nil theorem replicate_right_injective {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) : Injective (@replicate α n) := fun _ _ h => (eq_replicate.1 h).2 _ <| mem_replicate.2 ⟨hn, rfl⟩ #align list.replicate_right_injective List.replicate_right_injective theorem replicate_right_inj {a b : α} {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) : replicate n a = replicate n b ↔ a = b := (replicate_right_injective hn).eq_iff #align list.replicate_right_inj List.replicate_right_inj @[simp] theorem replicate_right_inj' {a b : α} : ∀ {n}, replicate n a = replicate n b ↔ n = 0 ∨ a = b | 0 => by simp | n + 1 => (replicate_right_inj n.succ_ne_zero).trans <| by simp only [n.succ_ne_zero, false_or] #align list.replicate_right_inj' List.replicate_right_inj' theorem replicate_left_injective (a : α) : Injective (replicate · a) := LeftInverse.injective (length_replicate · a) #align list.replicate_left_injective List.replicate_left_injective @[simp] theorem replicate_left_inj {a : α} {n m : ℕ} : replicate n a = replicate m a ↔ n = m := (replicate_left_injective a).eq_iff #align list.replicate_left_inj List.replicate_left_inj @[simp] theorem head_replicate (n : ℕ) (a : α) (h) : head (replicate n a) h = a := by cases n <;> simp at h ⊢ theorem mem_pure (x y : α) : x ∈ (pure y : List α) ↔ x = y := by simp #align list.mem_pure List.mem_pure @[simp] theorem bind_eq_bind {α β} (f : α → List β) (l : List α) : l >>= f = l.bind f := rfl #align list.bind_eq_bind List.bind_eq_bind #align list.bind_append List.append_bind #align list.concat_nil List.concat_nil #align list.concat_cons List.concat_cons #align list.concat_eq_append List.concat_eq_append #align list.init_eq_of_concat_eq List.init_eq_of_concat_eq #align list.last_eq_of_concat_eq List.last_eq_of_concat_eq #align list.concat_ne_nil List.concat_ne_nil #align list.concat_append List.concat_append #align list.length_concat List.length_concat #align list.append_concat List.append_concat #align list.reverse_nil List.reverse_nil #align list.reverse_core List.reverseAux -- Porting note: Do we need this? attribute [local simp] reverseAux #align list.reverse_cons List.reverse_cons #align list.reverse_core_eq List.reverseAux_eq theorem reverse_cons' (a : α) (l : List α) : reverse (a :: l) = concat (reverse l) a := by simp only [reverse_cons, concat_eq_append] #align list.reverse_cons' List.reverse_cons' theorem reverse_concat' (l : List α) (a : α) : (l ++ [a]).reverse = a :: l.reverse := by rw [reverse_append]; rfl -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this -- @[simp] theorem reverse_singleton (a : α) : reverse [a] = [a] := rfl #align list.reverse_singleton List.reverse_singleton #align list.reverse_append List.reverse_append #align list.reverse_concat List.reverse_concat #align list.reverse_reverse List.reverse_reverse @[simp] theorem reverse_involutive : Involutive (@reverse α) := reverse_reverse #align list.reverse_involutive List.reverse_involutive @[simp] theorem reverse_injective : Injective (@reverse α) := reverse_involutive.injective #align list.reverse_injective List.reverse_injective theorem reverse_surjective : Surjective (@reverse α) := reverse_involutive.surjective #align list.reverse_surjective List.reverse_surjective theorem reverse_bijective : Bijective (@reverse α) := reverse_involutive.bijective #align list.reverse_bijective List.reverse_bijective @[simp] theorem reverse_inj {l₁ l₂ : List α} : reverse l₁ = reverse l₂ ↔ l₁ = l₂ := reverse_injective.eq_iff #align list.reverse_inj List.reverse_inj theorem reverse_eq_iff {l l' : List α} : l.reverse = l' ↔ l = l'.reverse := reverse_involutive.eq_iff #align list.reverse_eq_iff List.reverse_eq_iff #align list.reverse_eq_nil List.reverse_eq_nil_iff theorem concat_eq_reverse_cons (a : α) (l : List α) : concat l a = reverse (a :: reverse l) := by simp only [concat_eq_append, reverse_cons, reverse_reverse] #align list.concat_eq_reverse_cons List.concat_eq_reverse_cons #align list.length_reverse List.length_reverse -- Porting note: This one was @[simp] in mathlib 3, -- but Lean contains a competing simp lemma reverse_map. -- For now we remove @[simp] to avoid simplification loops. -- TODO: Change Lean lemma to match mathlib 3? theorem map_reverse (f : α → β) (l : List α) : map f (reverse l) = reverse (map f l) := (reverse_map f l).symm #align list.map_reverse List.map_reverse theorem map_reverseAux (f : α → β) (l₁ l₂ : List α) : map f (reverseAux l₁ l₂) = reverseAux (map f l₁) (map f l₂) := by simp only [reverseAux_eq, map_append, map_reverse] #align list.map_reverse_core List.map_reverseAux #align list.mem_reverse List.mem_reverse @[simp] theorem reverse_replicate (n) (a : α) : reverse (replicate n a) = replicate n a := eq_replicate.2 ⟨by rw [length_reverse, length_replicate], fun b h => eq_of_mem_replicate (mem_reverse.1 h)⟩ #align list.reverse_replicate List.reverse_replicate -- Porting note: this does not work as desired -- attribute [simp] List.isEmpty theorem isEmpty_iff_eq_nil {l : List α} : l.isEmpty ↔ l = [] := by cases l <;> simp [isEmpty] #align list.empty_iff_eq_nil List.isEmpty_iff_eq_nil #align list.length_init List.length_dropLast @[simp] theorem getLast_cons {a : α} {l : List α} : ∀ h : l ≠ nil, getLast (a :: l) (cons_ne_nil a l) = getLast l h := by induction l <;> intros · contradiction · rfl #align list.last_cons List.getLast_cons theorem getLast_append_singleton {a : α} (l : List α) : getLast (l ++ [a]) (append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_right l _ (cons_ne_nil a _)) = a := by simp only [getLast_append] #align list.last_append_singleton List.getLast_append_singleton -- Porting note: name should be fixed upstream theorem getLast_append' (l₁ l₂ : List α) (h : l₂ ≠ []) : getLast (l₁ ++ l₂) (append_ne_nil_of_ne_nil_right l₁ l₂ h) = getLast l₂ h := by induction' l₁ with _ _ ih · simp · simp only [cons_append] rw [List.getLast_cons] exact ih #align list.last_append List.getLast_append' theorem getLast_concat' {a : α} (l : List α) : getLast (concat l a) (concat_ne_nil a l) = a := getLast_concat .. #align list.last_concat List.getLast_concat' @[simp] theorem getLast_singleton' (a : α) : getLast [a] (cons_ne_nil a []) = a := rfl #align list.last_singleton List.getLast_singleton' -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this -- @[simp] theorem getLast_cons_cons (a₁ a₂ : α) (l : List α) : getLast (a₁ :: a₂ :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) = getLast (a₂ :: l) (cons_ne_nil a₂ l) := rfl #align list.last_cons_cons List.getLast_cons_cons theorem dropLast_append_getLast : ∀ {l : List α} (h : l ≠ []), dropLast l ++ [getLast l h] = l | [], h => absurd rfl h | [a], h => rfl | a :: b :: l, h => by rw [dropLast_cons₂, cons_append, getLast_cons (cons_ne_nil _ _)] congr exact dropLast_append_getLast (cons_ne_nil b l) #align list.init_append_last List.dropLast_append_getLast theorem getLast_congr {l₁ l₂ : List α} (h₁ : l₁ ≠ []) (h₂ : l₂ ≠ []) (h₃ : l₁ = l₂) : getLast l₁ h₁ = getLast l₂ h₂ := by subst l₁; rfl #align list.last_congr List.getLast_congr #align list.last_mem List.getLast_mem theorem getLast_replicate_succ (m : ℕ) (a : α) : (replicate (m + 1) a).getLast (ne_nil_of_length_eq_succ (length_replicate _ _)) = a := by simp only [replicate_succ'] exact getLast_append_singleton _ #align list.last_replicate_succ List.getLast_replicate_succ -- Porting note: Moved earlier in file, for use in subsequent lemmas. @[simp] theorem getLast?_cons_cons (a b : α) (l : List α) : getLast? (a :: b :: l) = getLast? (b :: l) := rfl @[simp] theorem getLast?_isNone : ∀ {l : List α}, (getLast? l).isNone ↔ l = [] | [] => by simp | [a] => by simp | a :: b :: l => by simp [@getLast?_isNone (b :: l)] #align list.last'_is_none List.getLast?_isNone @[simp] theorem getLast?_isSome : ∀ {l : List α}, l.getLast?.isSome ↔ l ≠ [] | [] => by simp | [a] => by simp | a :: b :: l => by simp [@getLast?_isSome (b :: l)] #align list.last'_is_some List.getLast?_isSome theorem mem_getLast?_eq_getLast : ∀ {l : List α} {x : α}, x ∈ l.getLast? → ∃ h, x = getLast l h | [], x, hx => False.elim <| by simp at hx | [a], x, hx => have : a = x := by simpa using hx this ▸ ⟨cons_ne_nil a [], rfl⟩ | a :: b :: l, x, hx => by rw [getLast?_cons_cons] at hx rcases mem_getLast?_eq_getLast hx with ⟨_, h₂⟩ use cons_ne_nil _ _ assumption #align list.mem_last'_eq_last List.mem_getLast?_eq_getLast theorem getLast?_eq_getLast_of_ne_nil : ∀ {l : List α} (h : l ≠ []), l.getLast? = some (l.getLast h) | [], h => (h rfl).elim | [_], _ => rfl | _ :: b :: l, _ => @getLast?_eq_getLast_of_ne_nil (b :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) #align list.last'_eq_last_of_ne_nil List.getLast?_eq_getLast_of_ne_nil theorem mem_getLast?_cons {x y : α} : ∀ {l : List α}, x ∈ l.getLast? → x ∈ (y :: l).getLast? | [], _ => by contradiction | _ :: _, h => h #align list.mem_last'_cons List.mem_getLast?_cons theorem mem_of_mem_getLast? {l : List α} {a : α} (ha : a ∈ l.getLast?) : a ∈ l := let ⟨_, h₂⟩ := mem_getLast?_eq_getLast ha h₂.symm ▸ getLast_mem _ #align list.mem_of_mem_last' List.mem_of_mem_getLast? theorem dropLast_append_getLast? : ∀ {l : List α}, ∀ a ∈ l.getLast?, dropLast l ++ [a] = l | [], a, ha => (Option.not_mem_none a ha).elim | [a], _, rfl => rfl | a :: b :: l, c, hc => by rw [getLast?_cons_cons] at hc rw [dropLast_cons₂, cons_append, dropLast_append_getLast? _ hc] #align list.init_append_last' List.dropLast_append_getLast? theorem getLastI_eq_getLast? [Inhabited α] : ∀ l : List α, l.getLastI = l.getLast?.iget | [] => by simp [getLastI, Inhabited.default] | [a] => rfl | [a, b] => rfl | [a, b, c] => rfl | _ :: _ :: c :: l => by simp [getLastI, getLastI_eq_getLast? (c :: l)] #align list.ilast_eq_last' List.getLastI_eq_getLast? @[simp] theorem getLast?_append_cons : ∀ (l₁ : List α) (a : α) (l₂ : List α), getLast? (l₁ ++ a :: l₂) = getLast? (a :: l₂) | [], a, l₂ => rfl | [b], a, l₂ => rfl | b :: c :: l₁, a, l₂ => by rw [cons_append, cons_append, getLast?_cons_cons, ← cons_append, getLast?_append_cons (c :: l₁)] #align list.last'_append_cons List.getLast?_append_cons #align list.last'_cons_cons List.getLast?_cons_cons theorem getLast?_append_of_ne_nil (l₁ : List α) : ∀ {l₂ : List α} (_ : l₂ ≠ []), getLast? (l₁ ++ l₂) = getLast? l₂ | [], hl₂ => by contradiction | b :: l₂, _ => getLast?_append_cons l₁ b l₂ #align list.last'_append_of_ne_nil List.getLast?_append_of_ne_nil theorem getLast?_append {l₁ l₂ : List α} {x : α} (h : x ∈ l₂.getLast?) : x ∈ (l₁ ++ l₂).getLast? := by cases l₂ · contradiction · rw [List.getLast?_append_cons] exact h #align list.last'_append List.getLast?_append @[simp] theorem head!_nil [Inhabited α] : ([] : List α).head! = default := rfl @[simp] theorem head_cons_tail (x : List α) (h : x ≠ []) : x.head h :: x.tail = x := by cases x <;> simp at h ⊢
Mathlib/Data/List/Basic.lean
772
772
theorem head!_eq_head? [Inhabited α] (l : List α) : head! l = (head? l).iget := by
cases l <;> rfl
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.ExpChar import Mathlib.Algebra.GeomSum import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.CommRing import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Equiv import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Content import Mathlib.RingTheory.UniqueFactorizationDomain #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"da420a8c6dd5bdfb85c4ced85c34388f633bc6ff" noncomputable section open Polynomial open Finset universe u v w variable {R : Type u} {S : Type*} namespace Polynomial section Semiring variable [Semiring R] instance instCharP (p : ℕ) [h : CharP R p] : CharP R[X] p := let ⟨h⟩ := h ⟨fun n => by rw [← map_natCast C, ← C_0, C_inj, h]⟩ instance instExpChar (p : ℕ) [h : ExpChar R p] : ExpChar R[X] p := by cases h; exacts [ExpChar.zero, ExpChar.prime ‹_›] variable (R) def degreeLE (n : WithBot ℕ) : Submodule R R[X] := ⨅ k : ℕ, ⨅ _ : ↑k > n, LinearMap.ker (lcoeff R k) #align polynomial.degree_le Polynomial.degreeLE def degreeLT (n : ℕ) : Submodule R R[X] := ⨅ k : ℕ, ⨅ (_ : k ≥ n), LinearMap.ker (lcoeff R k) #align polynomial.degree_lt Polynomial.degreeLT variable {R}
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Basic.lean
67
68
theorem mem_degreeLE {n : WithBot ℕ} {f : R[X]} : f ∈ degreeLE R n ↔ degree f ≤ n := by
simp only [degreeLE, Submodule.mem_iInf, degree_le_iff_coeff_zero, LinearMap.mem_ker]; rfl
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Invertible import Mathlib.Data.Real.Sqrt import Mathlib.Tactic.Polyrith #align_import algebra.star.chsh from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"31c24aa72e7b3e5ed97a8412470e904f82b81004" universe u --@[nolint has_nonempty_instance] Porting note(#5171): linter not ported yet structure IsCHSHTuple {R} [Monoid R] [StarMul R] (A₀ A₁ B₀ B₁ : R) : Prop where A₀_inv : A₀ ^ 2 = 1 A₁_inv : A₁ ^ 2 = 1 B₀_inv : B₀ ^ 2 = 1 B₁_inv : B₁ ^ 2 = 1 A₀_sa : star A₀ = A₀ A₁_sa : star A₁ = A₁ B₀_sa : star B₀ = B₀ B₁_sa : star B₁ = B₁ A₀B₀_commutes : A₀ * B₀ = B₀ * A₀ A₀B₁_commutes : A₀ * B₁ = B₁ * A₀ A₁B₀_commutes : A₁ * B₀ = B₀ * A₁ A₁B₁_commutes : A₁ * B₁ = B₁ * A₁ set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_CHSH_tuple IsCHSHTuple variable {R : Type u}
Mathlib/Algebra/Star/CHSH.lean
104
112
theorem CHSH_id [CommRing R] {A₀ A₁ B₀ B₁ : R} (A₀_inv : A₀ ^ 2 = 1) (A₁_inv : A₁ ^ 2 = 1) (B₀_inv : B₀ ^ 2 = 1) (B₁_inv : B₁ ^ 2 = 1) : (2 - A₀ * B₀ - A₀ * B₁ - A₁ * B₀ + A₁ * B₁) * (2 - A₀ * B₀ - A₀ * B₁ - A₁ * B₀ + A₁ * B₁) = 4 * (2 - A₀ * B₀ - A₀ * B₁ - A₁ * B₀ + A₁ * B₁) := by
-- polyrith suggests: linear_combination (2 * B₀ * B₁ + 2) * A₀_inv + (B₀ ^ 2 - 2 * B₀ * B₁ + B₁ ^ 2) * A₁_inv + (A₀ ^ 2 + 2 * A₀ * A₁ + 1) * B₀_inv + (A₀ ^ 2 - 2 * A₀ * A₁ + 1) * B₁_inv
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Ring.Basic import Mathlib.Computability.Primrec import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring import Mathlib.Tactic.Linarith #align_import computability.ackermann from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"9b2660e1b25419042c8da10bf411aa3c67f14383" open Nat def ack : ℕ → ℕ → ℕ | 0, n => n + 1 | m + 1, 0 => ack m 1 | m + 1, n + 1 => ack m (ack (m + 1) n) #align ack ack @[simp] theorem ack_zero (n : ℕ) : ack 0 n = n + 1 := by rw [ack] #align ack_zero ack_zero @[simp] theorem ack_succ_zero (m : ℕ) : ack (m + 1) 0 = ack m 1 := by rw [ack] #align ack_succ_zero ack_succ_zero @[simp] theorem ack_succ_succ (m n : ℕ) : ack (m + 1) (n + 1) = ack m (ack (m + 1) n) := by rw [ack] #align ack_succ_succ ack_succ_succ @[simp] theorem ack_one (n : ℕ) : ack 1 n = n + 2 := by induction' n with n IH · rfl · simp [IH] #align ack_one ack_one @[simp] theorem ack_two (n : ℕ) : ack 2 n = 2 * n + 3 := by induction' n with n IH · rfl · simpa [mul_succ] #align ack_two ack_two -- Porting note: re-written to get rid of ack_three_aux @[simp] theorem ack_three (n : ℕ) : ack 3 n = 2 ^ (n + 3) - 3 := by induction' n with n IH · rfl · rw [ack_succ_succ, IH, ack_two, Nat.succ_add, Nat.pow_succ 2 (n + 3), mul_comm _ 2, Nat.mul_sub_left_distrib, ← Nat.sub_add_comm, two_mul 3, Nat.add_sub_add_right] have H : 2 * 3 ≤ 2 * 2 ^ 3 := by norm_num apply H.trans rw [_root_.mul_le_mul_left two_pos] exact pow_le_pow_right one_le_two (Nat.le_add_left 3 n) #align ack_three ack_three theorem ack_pos : ∀ m n, 0 < ack m n | 0, n => by simp | m + 1, 0 => by rw [ack_succ_zero] apply ack_pos | m + 1, n + 1 => by rw [ack_succ_succ] apply ack_pos #align ack_pos ack_pos theorem one_lt_ack_succ_left : ∀ m n, 1 < ack (m + 1) n | 0, n => by simp | m + 1, 0 => by rw [ack_succ_zero] apply one_lt_ack_succ_left | m + 1, n + 1 => by rw [ack_succ_succ] apply one_lt_ack_succ_left #align one_lt_ack_succ_left one_lt_ack_succ_left theorem one_lt_ack_succ_right : ∀ m n, 1 < ack m (n + 1) | 0, n => by simp | m + 1, n => by rw [ack_succ_succ] cases' exists_eq_succ_of_ne_zero (ack_pos (m + 1) n).ne' with h h rw [h] apply one_lt_ack_succ_right #align one_lt_ack_succ_right one_lt_ack_succ_right theorem ack_strictMono_right : ∀ m, StrictMono (ack m) | 0, n₁, n₂, h => by simpa using h | m + 1, 0, n + 1, _h => by rw [ack_succ_zero, ack_succ_succ] exact ack_strictMono_right _ (one_lt_ack_succ_left m n) | m + 1, n₁ + 1, n₂ + 1, h => by rw [ack_succ_succ, ack_succ_succ] apply ack_strictMono_right _ (ack_strictMono_right _ _) rwa [add_lt_add_iff_right] at h #align ack_strict_mono_right ack_strictMono_right theorem ack_mono_right (m : ℕ) : Monotone (ack m) := (ack_strictMono_right m).monotone #align ack_mono_right ack_mono_right theorem ack_injective_right (m : ℕ) : Function.Injective (ack m) := (ack_strictMono_right m).injective #align ack_injective_right ack_injective_right @[simp] theorem ack_lt_iff_right {m n₁ n₂ : ℕ} : ack m n₁ < ack m n₂ ↔ n₁ < n₂ := (ack_strictMono_right m).lt_iff_lt #align ack_lt_iff_right ack_lt_iff_right @[simp] theorem ack_le_iff_right {m n₁ n₂ : ℕ} : ack m n₁ ≤ ack m n₂ ↔ n₁ ≤ n₂ := (ack_strictMono_right m).le_iff_le #align ack_le_iff_right ack_le_iff_right @[simp] theorem ack_inj_right {m n₁ n₂ : ℕ} : ack m n₁ = ack m n₂ ↔ n₁ = n₂ := (ack_injective_right m).eq_iff #align ack_inj_right ack_inj_right theorem max_ack_right (m n₁ n₂ : ℕ) : ack m (max n₁ n₂) = max (ack m n₁) (ack m n₂) := (ack_mono_right m).map_max #align max_ack_right max_ack_right
Mathlib/Computability/Ackermann.lean
175
185
theorem add_lt_ack : ∀ m n, m + n < ack m n | 0, n => by simp | m + 1, 0 => by simpa using add_lt_ack m 1 | m + 1, n + 1 => calc m + 1 + n + 1 ≤ m + (m + n + 2) := by
omega _ < ack m (m + n + 2) := add_lt_ack _ _ _ ≤ ack m (ack (m + 1) n) := ack_mono_right m <| le_of_eq_of_le (by rw [succ_eq_add_one]; ring_nf) <| succ_le_of_lt <| add_lt_ack (m + 1) n _ = ack (m + 1) (n + 1) := (ack_succ_succ m n).symm
import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Bind import Mathlib.Control.Traversable.Lemmas import Mathlib.Control.Traversable.Instances #align_import data.multiset.functor from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"1f0096e6caa61e9c849ec2adbd227e960e9dff58" universe u namespace Multiset open List instance functor : Functor Multiset where map := @map @[simp] theorem fmap_def {α' β'} {s : Multiset α'} (f : α' → β') : f <$> s = s.map f := rfl #align multiset.fmap_def Multiset.fmap_def instance : LawfulFunctor Multiset where id_map := by simp comp_map := by simp map_const {_ _} := rfl open LawfulTraversable CommApplicative variable {F : Type u → Type u} [Applicative F] [CommApplicative F] variable {α' β' : Type u} (f : α' → F β') def traverse : Multiset α' → F (Multiset β') := by refine Quotient.lift (Functor.map Coe.coe ∘ Traversable.traverse f) ?_ introv p; unfold Function.comp induction p with | nil => rfl | @cons x l₁ l₂ _ h => have : Multiset.cons <$> f x <*> Coe.coe <$> Traversable.traverse f l₁ = Multiset.cons <$> f x <*> Coe.coe <$> Traversable.traverse f l₂ := by rw [h] simpa [functor_norm] using this | swap x y l => have : (fun a b (l : List β') ↦ (↑(a :: b :: l) : Multiset β')) <$> f y <*> f x = (fun a b l ↦ ↑(a :: b :: l)) <$> f x <*> f y := by rw [CommApplicative.commutative_map] congr funext a b l simpa [flip] using Perm.swap a b l simp [(· ∘ ·), this, functor_norm, Coe.coe] | trans => simp [*] #align multiset.traverse Multiset.traverse instance : Monad Multiset := { Multiset.functor with pure := fun x ↦ {x} bind := @bind } @[simp] theorem pure_def {α} : (pure : α → Multiset α) = singleton := rfl #align multiset.pure_def Multiset.pure_def @[simp] theorem bind_def {α β} : (· >>= ·) = @bind α β := rfl #align multiset.bind_def Multiset.bind_def instance : LawfulMonad Multiset := LawfulMonad.mk' (bind_pure_comp := fun _ _ ↦ by simp only [pure_def, bind_def, bind_singleton, fmap_def]) (id_map := fun _ ↦ by simp only [fmap_def, id_eq, map_id']) (pure_bind := fun _ _ ↦ by simp only [pure_def, bind_def, singleton_bind]) (bind_assoc := @bind_assoc) open Functor open Traversable LawfulTraversable @[simp] theorem lift_coe {α β : Type*} (x : List α) (f : List α → β) (h : ∀ a b : List α, a ≈ b → f a = f b) : Quotient.lift f h (x : Multiset α) = f x := Quotient.lift_mk _ _ _ #align multiset.lift_coe Multiset.lift_coe @[simp] theorem map_comp_coe {α β} (h : α → β) : Functor.map h ∘ Coe.coe = (Coe.coe ∘ Functor.map h : List α → Multiset β) := by funext; simp only [Function.comp_apply, Coe.coe, fmap_def, map_coe, List.map_eq_map] #align multiset.map_comp_coe Multiset.map_comp_coe theorem id_traverse {α : Type*} (x : Multiset α) : traverse (pure : α → Id α) x = x := by refine Quotient.inductionOn x ?_ intro simp [traverse, Coe.coe] #align multiset.id_traverse Multiset.id_traverse
Mathlib/Data/Multiset/Functor.lean
108
116
theorem comp_traverse {G H : Type _ → Type _} [Applicative G] [Applicative H] [CommApplicative G] [CommApplicative H] {α β γ : Type _} (g : α → G β) (h : β → H γ) (x : Multiset α) : traverse (Comp.mk ∘ Functor.map h ∘ g) x = Comp.mk (Functor.map (traverse h) (traverse g x)) := by
refine Quotient.inductionOn x ?_ intro simp only [traverse, quot_mk_to_coe, lift_coe, Coe.coe, Function.comp_apply, Functor.map_map, functor_norm] simp only [Function.comp, lift_coe]
import Mathlib.Algebra.GroupWithZero.NonZeroDivisors import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.AlgebraMap import Mathlib.RingTheory.Coprime.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.scale_roots from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"40ac1b258344e0c2b4568dc37bfad937ec35a727" variable {R S A K : Type*} namespace Polynomial open Polynomial section Semiring variable [Semiring R] [Semiring S] noncomputable def scaleRoots (p : R[X]) (s : R) : R[X] := ∑ i ∈ p.support, monomial i (p.coeff i * s ^ (p.natDegree - i)) #align polynomial.scale_roots Polynomial.scaleRoots @[simp] theorem coeff_scaleRoots (p : R[X]) (s : R) (i : ℕ) : (scaleRoots p s).coeff i = coeff p i * s ^ (p.natDegree - i) := by simp (config := { contextual := true }) [scaleRoots, coeff_monomial] #align polynomial.coeff_scale_roots Polynomial.coeff_scaleRoots theorem coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree (p : R[X]) (s : R) : (scaleRoots p s).coeff p.natDegree = p.leadingCoeff := by rw [leadingCoeff, coeff_scaleRoots, tsub_self, pow_zero, mul_one] #align polynomial.coeff_scale_roots_nat_degree Polynomial.coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree @[simp] theorem zero_scaleRoots (s : R) : scaleRoots 0 s = 0 := by ext simp #align polynomial.zero_scale_roots Polynomial.zero_scaleRoots theorem scaleRoots_ne_zero {p : R[X]} (hp : p ≠ 0) (s : R) : scaleRoots p s ≠ 0 := by intro h have : p.coeff p.natDegree ≠ 0 := mt leadingCoeff_eq_zero.mp hp have : (scaleRoots p s).coeff p.natDegree = 0 := congr_fun (congr_arg (coeff : R[X] → ℕ → R) h) p.natDegree rw [coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree] at this contradiction #align polynomial.scale_roots_ne_zero Polynomial.scaleRoots_ne_zero theorem support_scaleRoots_le (p : R[X]) (s : R) : (scaleRoots p s).support ≤ p.support := by intro simpa using left_ne_zero_of_mul #align polynomial.support_scale_roots_le Polynomial.support_scaleRoots_le theorem support_scaleRoots_eq (p : R[X]) {s : R} (hs : s ∈ nonZeroDivisors R) : (scaleRoots p s).support = p.support := le_antisymm (support_scaleRoots_le p s) (by intro i simp only [coeff_scaleRoots, Polynomial.mem_support_iff] intro p_ne_zero ps_zero have := pow_mem hs (p.natDegree - i) _ ps_zero contradiction) #align polynomial.support_scale_roots_eq Polynomial.support_scaleRoots_eq @[simp] theorem degree_scaleRoots (p : R[X]) {s : R} : degree (scaleRoots p s) = degree p := by haveI := Classical.propDecidable by_cases hp : p = 0 · rw [hp, zero_scaleRoots] refine le_antisymm (Finset.sup_mono (support_scaleRoots_le p s)) (degree_le_degree ?_) rw [coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree] intro h have := leadingCoeff_eq_zero.mp h contradiction #align polynomial.degree_scale_roots Polynomial.degree_scaleRoots @[simp] theorem natDegree_scaleRoots (p : R[X]) (s : R) : natDegree (scaleRoots p s) = natDegree p := by simp only [natDegree, degree_scaleRoots] #align polynomial.nat_degree_scale_roots Polynomial.natDegree_scaleRoots
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/ScaleRoots.lean
94
95
theorem monic_scaleRoots_iff {p : R[X]} (s : R) : Monic (scaleRoots p s) ↔ Monic p := by
simp only [Monic, leadingCoeff, natDegree_scaleRoots, coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree]
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Image import Mathlib.Order.SuccPred.Relation import Mathlib.Topology.Clopen import Mathlib.Topology.Irreducible #align_import topology.connected from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d101e93197bb5f6ea89bd7ba386b7f7dff1f3903" open Set Function Topology TopologicalSpace Relation open scoped Classical universe u v variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {ι : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {s t u v : Set α} section Preconnected def IsPreconnected (s : Set α) : Prop := ∀ u v : Set α, IsOpen u → IsOpen v → s ⊆ u ∪ v → (s ∩ u).Nonempty → (s ∩ v).Nonempty → (s ∩ (u ∩ v)).Nonempty #align is_preconnected IsPreconnected def IsConnected (s : Set α) : Prop := s.Nonempty ∧ IsPreconnected s #align is_connected IsConnected theorem IsConnected.nonempty {s : Set α} (h : IsConnected s) : s.Nonempty := h.1 #align is_connected.nonempty IsConnected.nonempty theorem IsConnected.isPreconnected {s : Set α} (h : IsConnected s) : IsPreconnected s := h.2 #align is_connected.is_preconnected IsConnected.isPreconnected theorem IsPreirreducible.isPreconnected {s : Set α} (H : IsPreirreducible s) : IsPreconnected s := fun _ _ hu hv _ => H _ _ hu hv #align is_preirreducible.is_preconnected IsPreirreducible.isPreconnected theorem IsIrreducible.isConnected {s : Set α} (H : IsIrreducible s) : IsConnected s := ⟨H.nonempty, H.isPreirreducible.isPreconnected⟩ #align is_irreducible.is_connected IsIrreducible.isConnected theorem isPreconnected_empty : IsPreconnected (∅ : Set α) := isPreirreducible_empty.isPreconnected #align is_preconnected_empty isPreconnected_empty theorem isConnected_singleton {x} : IsConnected ({x} : Set α) := isIrreducible_singleton.isConnected #align is_connected_singleton isConnected_singleton theorem isPreconnected_singleton {x} : IsPreconnected ({x} : Set α) := isConnected_singleton.isPreconnected #align is_preconnected_singleton isPreconnected_singleton theorem Set.Subsingleton.isPreconnected {s : Set α} (hs : s.Subsingleton) : IsPreconnected s := hs.induction_on isPreconnected_empty fun _ => isPreconnected_singleton #align set.subsingleton.is_preconnected Set.Subsingleton.isPreconnected theorem isPreconnected_of_forall {s : Set α} (x : α) (H : ∀ y ∈ s, ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ x ∈ t ∧ y ∈ t ∧ IsPreconnected t) : IsPreconnected s := by rintro u v hu hv hs ⟨z, zs, zu⟩ ⟨y, ys, yv⟩ have xs : x ∈ s := by rcases H y ys with ⟨t, ts, xt, -, -⟩ exact ts xt -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: use `wlog xu : x ∈ u := hs xs using u v y z, v u z y` cases hs xs with | inl xu => rcases H y ys with ⟨t, ts, xt, yt, ht⟩ have := ht u v hu hv (ts.trans hs) ⟨x, xt, xu⟩ ⟨y, yt, yv⟩ exact this.imp fun z hz => ⟨ts hz.1, hz.2⟩ | inr xv => rcases H z zs with ⟨t, ts, xt, zt, ht⟩ have := ht v u hv hu (ts.trans <| by rwa [union_comm]) ⟨x, xt, xv⟩ ⟨z, zt, zu⟩ exact this.imp fun _ h => ⟨ts h.1, h.2.2, h.2.1⟩ #align is_preconnected_of_forall isPreconnected_of_forall theorem isPreconnected_of_forall_pair {s : Set α} (H : ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ s, ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ x ∈ t ∧ y ∈ t ∧ IsPreconnected t) : IsPreconnected s := by rcases eq_empty_or_nonempty s with (rfl | ⟨x, hx⟩) exacts [isPreconnected_empty, isPreconnected_of_forall x fun y => H x hx y] #align is_preconnected_of_forall_pair isPreconnected_of_forall_pair theorem isPreconnected_sUnion (x : α) (c : Set (Set α)) (H1 : ∀ s ∈ c, x ∈ s) (H2 : ∀ s ∈ c, IsPreconnected s) : IsPreconnected (⋃₀ c) := by apply isPreconnected_of_forall x rintro y ⟨s, sc, ys⟩ exact ⟨s, subset_sUnion_of_mem sc, H1 s sc, ys, H2 s sc⟩ #align is_preconnected_sUnion isPreconnected_sUnion theorem isPreconnected_iUnion {ι : Sort*} {s : ι → Set α} (h₁ : (⋂ i, s i).Nonempty) (h₂ : ∀ i, IsPreconnected (s i)) : IsPreconnected (⋃ i, s i) := Exists.elim h₁ fun f hf => isPreconnected_sUnion f _ hf (forall_mem_range.2 h₂) #align is_preconnected_Union isPreconnected_iUnion theorem IsPreconnected.union (x : α) {s t : Set α} (H1 : x ∈ s) (H2 : x ∈ t) (H3 : IsPreconnected s) (H4 : IsPreconnected t) : IsPreconnected (s ∪ t) := sUnion_pair s t ▸ isPreconnected_sUnion x {s, t} (by rintro r (rfl | rfl | h) <;> assumption) (by rintro r (rfl | rfl | h) <;> assumption) #align is_preconnected.union IsPreconnected.union theorem IsPreconnected.union' {s t : Set α} (H : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) (hs : IsPreconnected s) (ht : IsPreconnected t) : IsPreconnected (s ∪ t) := by rcases H with ⟨x, hxs, hxt⟩ exact hs.union x hxs hxt ht #align is_preconnected.union' IsPreconnected.union' theorem IsConnected.union {s t : Set α} (H : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) (Hs : IsConnected s) (Ht : IsConnected t) : IsConnected (s ∪ t) := by rcases H with ⟨x, hx⟩ refine ⟨⟨x, mem_union_left t (mem_of_mem_inter_left hx)⟩, ?_⟩ exact Hs.isPreconnected.union x (mem_of_mem_inter_left hx) (mem_of_mem_inter_right hx) Ht.isPreconnected #align is_connected.union IsConnected.union theorem IsPreconnected.sUnion_directed {S : Set (Set α)} (K : DirectedOn (· ⊆ ·) S) (H : ∀ s ∈ S, IsPreconnected s) : IsPreconnected (⋃₀ S) := by rintro u v hu hv Huv ⟨a, ⟨s, hsS, has⟩, hau⟩ ⟨b, ⟨t, htS, hbt⟩, hbv⟩ obtain ⟨r, hrS, hsr, htr⟩ : ∃ r ∈ S, s ⊆ r ∧ t ⊆ r := K s hsS t htS have Hnuv : (r ∩ (u ∩ v)).Nonempty := H _ hrS u v hu hv ((subset_sUnion_of_mem hrS).trans Huv) ⟨a, hsr has, hau⟩ ⟨b, htr hbt, hbv⟩ have Kruv : r ∩ (u ∩ v) ⊆ ⋃₀ S ∩ (u ∩ v) := inter_subset_inter_left _ (subset_sUnion_of_mem hrS) exact Hnuv.mono Kruv #align is_preconnected.sUnion_directed IsPreconnected.sUnion_directed theorem IsPreconnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen {ι : Type*} {t : Set ι} {s : ι → Set α} (H : ∀ i ∈ t, IsPreconnected (s i)) (K : ∀ i, i ∈ t → ∀ j, j ∈ t → ReflTransGen (fun i j => (s i ∩ s j).Nonempty ∧ i ∈ t) i j) : IsPreconnected (⋃ n ∈ t, s n) := by let R := fun i j : ι => (s i ∩ s j).Nonempty ∧ i ∈ t have P : ∀ i, i ∈ t → ∀ j, j ∈ t → ReflTransGen R i j → ∃ p, p ⊆ t ∧ i ∈ p ∧ j ∈ p ∧ IsPreconnected (⋃ j ∈ p, s j) := fun i hi j hj h => by induction h with | refl => refine ⟨{i}, singleton_subset_iff.mpr hi, mem_singleton i, mem_singleton i, ?_⟩ rw [biUnion_singleton] exact H i hi | @tail j k _ hjk ih => obtain ⟨p, hpt, hip, hjp, hp⟩ := ih hjk.2 refine ⟨insert k p, insert_subset_iff.mpr ⟨hj, hpt⟩, mem_insert_of_mem k hip, mem_insert k p, ?_⟩ rw [biUnion_insert] refine (H k hj).union' (hjk.1.mono ?_) hp rw [inter_comm] exact inter_subset_inter_right _ (subset_biUnion_of_mem hjp) refine isPreconnected_of_forall_pair ?_ intro x hx y hy obtain ⟨i : ι, hi : i ∈ t, hxi : x ∈ s i⟩ := mem_iUnion₂.1 hx obtain ⟨j : ι, hj : j ∈ t, hyj : y ∈ s j⟩ := mem_iUnion₂.1 hy obtain ⟨p, hpt, hip, hjp, hp⟩ := P i hi j hj (K i hi j hj) exact ⟨⋃ j ∈ p, s j, biUnion_subset_biUnion_left hpt, mem_biUnion hip hxi, mem_biUnion hjp hyj, hp⟩ #align is_preconnected.bUnion_of_refl_trans_gen IsPreconnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen theorem IsConnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen {ι : Type*} {t : Set ι} {s : ι → Set α} (ht : t.Nonempty) (H : ∀ i ∈ t, IsConnected (s i)) (K : ∀ i, i ∈ t → ∀ j, j ∈ t → ReflTransGen (fun i j : ι => (s i ∩ s j).Nonempty ∧ i ∈ t) i j) : IsConnected (⋃ n ∈ t, s n) := ⟨nonempty_biUnion.2 <| ⟨ht.some, ht.some_mem, (H _ ht.some_mem).nonempty⟩, IsPreconnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen (fun i hi => (H i hi).isPreconnected) K⟩ #align is_connected.bUnion_of_refl_trans_gen IsConnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen theorem IsPreconnected.iUnion_of_reflTransGen {ι : Type*} {s : ι → Set α} (H : ∀ i, IsPreconnected (s i)) (K : ∀ i j, ReflTransGen (fun i j : ι => (s i ∩ s j).Nonempty) i j) : IsPreconnected (⋃ n, s n) := by rw [← biUnion_univ] exact IsPreconnected.biUnion_of_reflTransGen (fun i _ => H i) fun i _ j _ => by simpa [mem_univ] using K i j #align is_preconnected.Union_of_refl_trans_gen IsPreconnected.iUnion_of_reflTransGen theorem IsConnected.iUnion_of_reflTransGen {ι : Type*} [Nonempty ι] {s : ι → Set α} (H : ∀ i, IsConnected (s i)) (K : ∀ i j, ReflTransGen (fun i j : ι => (s i ∩ s j).Nonempty) i j) : IsConnected (⋃ n, s n) := ⟨nonempty_iUnion.2 <| Nonempty.elim ‹_› fun i : ι => ⟨i, (H _).nonempty⟩, IsPreconnected.iUnion_of_reflTransGen (fun i => (H i).isPreconnected) K⟩ #align is_connected.Union_of_refl_trans_gen IsConnected.iUnion_of_reflTransGen protected theorem IsPreconnected.subset_closure {s : Set α} {t : Set α} (H : IsPreconnected s) (Kst : s ⊆ t) (Ktcs : t ⊆ closure s) : IsPreconnected t := fun u v hu hv htuv ⟨_y, hyt, hyu⟩ ⟨_z, hzt, hzv⟩ => let ⟨p, hpu, hps⟩ := mem_closure_iff.1 (Ktcs hyt) u hu hyu let ⟨q, hqv, hqs⟩ := mem_closure_iff.1 (Ktcs hzt) v hv hzv let ⟨r, hrs, hruv⟩ := H u v hu hv (Subset.trans Kst htuv) ⟨p, hps, hpu⟩ ⟨q, hqs, hqv⟩ ⟨r, Kst hrs, hruv⟩ #align is_preconnected.subset_closure IsPreconnected.subset_closure protected theorem IsConnected.subset_closure {s : Set α} {t : Set α} (H : IsConnected s) (Kst : s ⊆ t) (Ktcs : t ⊆ closure s) : IsConnected t := ⟨Nonempty.mono Kst H.left, IsPreconnected.subset_closure H.right Kst Ktcs⟩ #align is_connected.subset_closure IsConnected.subset_closure protected theorem IsPreconnected.closure {s : Set α} (H : IsPreconnected s) : IsPreconnected (closure s) := IsPreconnected.subset_closure H subset_closure Subset.rfl #align is_preconnected.closure IsPreconnected.closure protected theorem IsConnected.closure {s : Set α} (H : IsConnected s) : IsConnected (closure s) := IsConnected.subset_closure H subset_closure <| Subset.rfl #align is_connected.closure IsConnected.closure protected theorem IsPreconnected.image [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set α} (H : IsPreconnected s) (f : α → β) (hf : ContinuousOn f s) : IsPreconnected (f '' s) := by -- Unfold/destruct definitions in hypotheses rintro u v hu hv huv ⟨_, ⟨x, xs, rfl⟩, xu⟩ ⟨_, ⟨y, ys, rfl⟩, yv⟩ rcases continuousOn_iff'.1 hf u hu with ⟨u', hu', u'_eq⟩ rcases continuousOn_iff'.1 hf v hv with ⟨v', hv', v'_eq⟩ -- Reformulate `huv : f '' s ⊆ u ∪ v` in terms of `u'` and `v'` replace huv : s ⊆ u' ∪ v' := by rw [image_subset_iff, preimage_union] at huv replace huv := subset_inter huv Subset.rfl rw [union_inter_distrib_right, u'_eq, v'_eq, ← union_inter_distrib_right] at huv exact (subset_inter_iff.1 huv).1 -- Now `s ⊆ u' ∪ v'`, so we can apply `‹IsPreconnected s›` obtain ⟨z, hz⟩ : (s ∩ (u' ∩ v')).Nonempty := by refine H u' v' hu' hv' huv ⟨x, ?_⟩ ⟨y, ?_⟩ <;> rw [inter_comm] exacts [u'_eq ▸ ⟨xu, xs⟩, v'_eq ▸ ⟨yv, ys⟩] rw [← inter_self s, inter_assoc, inter_left_comm s u', ← inter_assoc, inter_comm s, inter_comm s, ← u'_eq, ← v'_eq] at hz exact ⟨f z, ⟨z, hz.1.2, rfl⟩, hz.1.1, hz.2.1⟩ #align is_preconnected.image IsPreconnected.image protected theorem IsConnected.image [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set α} (H : IsConnected s) (f : α → β) (hf : ContinuousOn f s) : IsConnected (f '' s) := ⟨image_nonempty.mpr H.nonempty, H.isPreconnected.image f hf⟩ #align is_connected.image IsConnected.image theorem isPreconnected_closed_iff {s : Set α} : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∀ t t', IsClosed t → IsClosed t' → s ⊆ t ∪ t' → (s ∩ t).Nonempty → (s ∩ t').Nonempty → (s ∩ (t ∩ t')).Nonempty := ⟨by rintro h t t' ht ht' htt' ⟨x, xs, xt⟩ ⟨y, ys, yt'⟩ rw [← not_disjoint_iff_nonempty_inter, ← subset_compl_iff_disjoint_right, compl_inter] intro h' have xt' : x ∉ t' := (h' xs).resolve_left (absurd xt) have yt : y ∉ t := (h' ys).resolve_right (absurd yt') have := h _ _ ht.isOpen_compl ht'.isOpen_compl h' ⟨y, ys, yt⟩ ⟨x, xs, xt'⟩ rw [← compl_union] at this exact this.ne_empty htt'.disjoint_compl_right.inter_eq, by rintro h u v hu hv huv ⟨x, xs, xu⟩ ⟨y, ys, yv⟩ rw [← not_disjoint_iff_nonempty_inter, ← subset_compl_iff_disjoint_right, compl_inter] intro h' have xv : x ∉ v := (h' xs).elim (absurd xu) id have yu : y ∉ u := (h' ys).elim id (absurd yv) have := h _ _ hu.isClosed_compl hv.isClosed_compl h' ⟨y, ys, yu⟩ ⟨x, xs, xv⟩ rw [← compl_union] at this exact this.ne_empty huv.disjoint_compl_right.inter_eq⟩ #align is_preconnected_closed_iff isPreconnected_closed_iff theorem Inducing.isPreconnected_image [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set α} {f : α → β} (hf : Inducing f) : IsPreconnected (f '' s) ↔ IsPreconnected s := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun h => h.image _ hf.continuous.continuousOn⟩ rintro u v hu' hv' huv ⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩ ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩ rcases hf.isOpen_iff.1 hu' with ⟨u, hu, rfl⟩ rcases hf.isOpen_iff.1 hv' with ⟨v, hv, rfl⟩ replace huv : f '' s ⊆ u ∪ v := by rwa [image_subset_iff] rcases h u v hu hv huv ⟨f x, mem_image_of_mem _ hxs, hxu⟩ ⟨f y, mem_image_of_mem _ hys, hyv⟩ with ⟨_, ⟨z, hzs, rfl⟩, hzuv⟩ exact ⟨z, hzs, hzuv⟩ #align inducing.is_preconnected_image Inducing.isPreconnected_image theorem IsPreconnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} {s : Set β} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (hinj : Function.Injective f) (hf : IsOpenMap f) (hsf : s ⊆ range f) : IsPreconnected (f ⁻¹' s) := fun u v hu hv hsuv hsu hsv => by replace hsf : f '' (f ⁻¹' s) = s := image_preimage_eq_of_subset hsf obtain ⟨_, has, ⟨a, hau, rfl⟩, hav⟩ : (s ∩ (f '' u ∩ f '' v)).Nonempty := by refine hs (f '' u) (f '' v) (hf u hu) (hf v hv) ?_ ?_ ?_ · simpa only [hsf, image_union] using image_subset f hsuv · simpa only [image_preimage_inter] using hsu.image f · simpa only [image_preimage_inter] using hsv.image f · exact ⟨a, has, hau, hinj.mem_set_image.1 hav⟩ #align is_preconnected.preimage_of_open_map IsPreconnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap theorem IsPreconnected.preimage_of_isClosedMap [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set β} (hs : IsPreconnected s) {f : α → β} (hinj : Function.Injective f) (hf : IsClosedMap f) (hsf : s ⊆ range f) : IsPreconnected (f ⁻¹' s) := isPreconnected_closed_iff.2 fun u v hu hv hsuv hsu hsv => by replace hsf : f '' (f ⁻¹' s) = s := image_preimage_eq_of_subset hsf obtain ⟨_, has, ⟨a, hau, rfl⟩, hav⟩ : (s ∩ (f '' u ∩ f '' v)).Nonempty := by refine isPreconnected_closed_iff.1 hs (f '' u) (f '' v) (hf u hu) (hf v hv) ?_ ?_ ?_ · simpa only [hsf, image_union] using image_subset f hsuv · simpa only [image_preimage_inter] using hsu.image f · simpa only [image_preimage_inter] using hsv.image f · exact ⟨a, has, hau, hinj.mem_set_image.1 hav⟩ #align is_preconnected.preimage_of_closed_map IsPreconnected.preimage_of_isClosedMap theorem IsConnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set β} (hs : IsConnected s) {f : α → β} (hinj : Function.Injective f) (hf : IsOpenMap f) (hsf : s ⊆ range f) : IsConnected (f ⁻¹' s) := ⟨hs.nonempty.preimage' hsf, hs.isPreconnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap hinj hf hsf⟩ #align is_connected.preimage_of_open_map IsConnected.preimage_of_isOpenMap theorem IsConnected.preimage_of_isClosedMap [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set β} (hs : IsConnected s) {f : α → β} (hinj : Function.Injective f) (hf : IsClosedMap f) (hsf : s ⊆ range f) : IsConnected (f ⁻¹' s) := ⟨hs.nonempty.preimage' hsf, hs.isPreconnected.preimage_of_isClosedMap hinj hf hsf⟩ #align is_connected.preimage_of_closed_map IsConnected.preimage_of_isClosedMap theorem IsPreconnected.subset_or_subset (hu : IsOpen u) (hv : IsOpen v) (huv : Disjoint u v) (hsuv : s ⊆ u ∪ v) (hs : IsPreconnected s) : s ⊆ u ∨ s ⊆ v := by specialize hs u v hu hv hsuv obtain hsu | hsu := (s ∩ u).eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact Or.inr ((Set.disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty.2 hsu).subset_right_of_subset_union hsuv) · replace hs := mt (hs hsu) simp_rw [Set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty, ← Set.disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty, disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty.1 huv] at hs exact Or.inl ((hs s.disjoint_empty).subset_left_of_subset_union hsuv) #align is_preconnected.subset_or_subset IsPreconnected.subset_or_subset theorem IsPreconnected.subset_left_of_subset_union (hu : IsOpen u) (hv : IsOpen v) (huv : Disjoint u v) (hsuv : s ⊆ u ∪ v) (hsu : (s ∩ u).Nonempty) (hs : IsPreconnected s) : s ⊆ u := Disjoint.subset_left_of_subset_union hsuv (by by_contra hsv rw [not_disjoint_iff_nonempty_inter] at hsv obtain ⟨x, _, hx⟩ := hs u v hu hv hsuv hsu hsv exact Set.disjoint_iff.1 huv hx) #align is_preconnected.subset_left_of_subset_union IsPreconnected.subset_left_of_subset_union theorem IsPreconnected.subset_right_of_subset_union (hu : IsOpen u) (hv : IsOpen v) (huv : Disjoint u v) (hsuv : s ⊆ u ∪ v) (hsv : (s ∩ v).Nonempty) (hs : IsPreconnected s) : s ⊆ v := hs.subset_left_of_subset_union hv hu huv.symm (union_comm u v ▸ hsuv) hsv #align is_preconnected.subset_right_of_subset_union IsPreconnected.subset_right_of_subset_union -- Porting note: moved up theorem IsPreconnected.subset_isClopen {s t : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (ht : IsClopen t) (hne : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) : s ⊆ t := hs.subset_left_of_subset_union ht.isOpen ht.compl.isOpen disjoint_compl_right (by simp) hne #align is_preconnected.subset_clopen IsPreconnected.subset_isClopen theorem IsPreconnected.subset_of_closure_inter_subset (hs : IsPreconnected s) (hu : IsOpen u) (h'u : (s ∩ u).Nonempty) (h : closure u ∩ s ⊆ u) : s ⊆ u := by have A : s ⊆ u ∪ (closure u)ᶜ := by intro x hx by_cases xu : x ∈ u · exact Or.inl xu · right intro h'x exact xu (h (mem_inter h'x hx)) apply hs.subset_left_of_subset_union hu isClosed_closure.isOpen_compl _ A h'u exact disjoint_compl_right.mono_right (compl_subset_compl.2 subset_closure) #align is_preconnected.subset_of_closure_inter_subset IsPreconnected.subset_of_closure_inter_subset theorem IsPreconnected.prod [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (ht : IsPreconnected t) : IsPreconnected (s ×ˢ t) := by apply isPreconnected_of_forall_pair rintro ⟨a₁, b₁⟩ ⟨ha₁, hb₁⟩ ⟨a₂, b₂⟩ ⟨ha₂, hb₂⟩ refine ⟨Prod.mk a₁ '' t ∪ flip Prod.mk b₂ '' s, ?_, .inl ⟨b₁, hb₁, rfl⟩, .inr ⟨a₂, ha₂, rfl⟩, ?_⟩ · rintro _ (⟨y, hy, rfl⟩ | ⟨x, hx, rfl⟩) exacts [⟨ha₁, hy⟩, ⟨hx, hb₂⟩] · exact (ht.image _ (Continuous.Prod.mk _).continuousOn).union (a₁, b₂) ⟨b₂, hb₂, rfl⟩ ⟨a₁, ha₁, rfl⟩ (hs.image _ (continuous_id.prod_mk continuous_const).continuousOn) #align is_preconnected.prod IsPreconnected.prod theorem IsConnected.prod [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (hs : IsConnected s) (ht : IsConnected t) : IsConnected (s ×ˢ t) := ⟨hs.1.prod ht.1, hs.2.prod ht.2⟩ #align is_connected.prod IsConnected.prod theorem isPreconnected_univ_pi [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {s : ∀ i, Set (π i)} (hs : ∀ i, IsPreconnected (s i)) : IsPreconnected (pi univ s) := by rintro u v uo vo hsuv ⟨f, hfs, hfu⟩ ⟨g, hgs, hgv⟩ rcases exists_finset_piecewise_mem_of_mem_nhds (uo.mem_nhds hfu) g with ⟨I, hI⟩ induction' I using Finset.induction_on with i I _ ihI · refine ⟨g, hgs, ⟨?_, hgv⟩⟩ simpa using hI · rw [Finset.piecewise_insert] at hI have := I.piecewise_mem_set_pi hfs hgs refine (hsuv this).elim ihI fun h => ?_ set S := update (I.piecewise f g) i '' s i have hsub : S ⊆ pi univ s := by refine image_subset_iff.2 fun z hz => ?_ rwa [update_preimage_univ_pi] exact fun j _ => this j trivial have hconn : IsPreconnected S := (hs i).image _ (continuous_const.update i continuous_id).continuousOn have hSu : (S ∩ u).Nonempty := ⟨_, mem_image_of_mem _ (hfs _ trivial), hI⟩ have hSv : (S ∩ v).Nonempty := ⟨_, ⟨_, this _ trivial, update_eq_self _ _⟩, h⟩ refine (hconn u v uo vo (hsub.trans hsuv) hSu hSv).mono ?_ exact inter_subset_inter_left _ hsub #align is_preconnected_univ_pi isPreconnected_univ_pi @[simp] theorem isConnected_univ_pi [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {s : ∀ i, Set (π i)} : IsConnected (pi univ s) ↔ ∀ i, IsConnected (s i) := by simp only [IsConnected, ← univ_pi_nonempty_iff, forall_and, and_congr_right_iff] refine fun hne => ⟨fun hc i => ?_, isPreconnected_univ_pi⟩ rw [← eval_image_univ_pi hne] exact hc.image _ (continuous_apply _).continuousOn #align is_connected_univ_pi isConnected_univ_pi theorem Sigma.isConnected_iff [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {s : Set (Σi, π i)} : IsConnected s ↔ ∃ i t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sigma.mk i '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain ⟨⟨i, x⟩, hx⟩ := hs.nonempty have : s ⊆ range (Sigma.mk i) := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_sigmaMk ⟨⟨i, x⟩, hx, x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨i, Sigma.mk i ⁻¹' s, hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap sigma_mk_injective isOpenMap_sigmaMk this, (Set.image_preimage_eq_of_subset this).symm⟩ · rintro ⟨i, t, ht, rfl⟩ exact ht.image _ continuous_sigmaMk.continuousOn #align sigma.is_connected_iff Sigma.isConnected_iff theorem Sigma.isPreconnected_iff [hι : Nonempty ι] [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {s : Set (Σi, π i)} : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∃ i t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sigma.mk i '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain rfl | h := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact ⟨Classical.choice hι, ∅, isPreconnected_empty, (Set.image_empty _).symm⟩ · obtain ⟨a, t, ht, rfl⟩ := Sigma.isConnected_iff.1 ⟨h, hs⟩ exact ⟨a, t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · rintro ⟨a, t, ht, rfl⟩ exact ht.image _ continuous_sigmaMk.continuousOn #align sigma.is_preconnected_iff Sigma.isPreconnected_iff theorem Sum.isConnected_iff [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set (Sum α β)} : IsConnected s ↔ (∃ t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sum.inl '' t) ∨ ∃ t, IsConnected t ∧ s = Sum.inr '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain ⟨x | x, hx⟩ := hs.nonempty · have h : s ⊆ range Sum.inl := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_inl ⟨.inl x, hx, x, rfl⟩ refine Or.inl ⟨Sum.inl ⁻¹' s, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap Sum.inl_injective isOpenMap_inl h · exact (image_preimage_eq_of_subset h).symm · have h : s ⊆ range Sum.inr := hs.isPreconnected.subset_isClopen isClopen_range_inr ⟨.inr x, hx, x, rfl⟩ refine Or.inr ⟨Sum.inr ⁻¹' s, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact hs.preimage_of_isOpenMap Sum.inr_injective isOpenMap_inr h · exact (image_preimage_eq_of_subset h).symm · rintro (⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩) · exact ht.image _ continuous_inl.continuousOn · exact ht.image _ continuous_inr.continuousOn #align sum.is_connected_iff Sum.isConnected_iff theorem Sum.isPreconnected_iff [TopologicalSpace β] {s : Set (Sum α β)} : IsPreconnected s ↔ (∃ t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sum.inl '' t) ∨ ∃ t, IsPreconnected t ∧ s = Sum.inr '' t := by refine ⟨fun hs => ?_, ?_⟩ · obtain rfl | h := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact Or.inl ⟨∅, isPreconnected_empty, (Set.image_empty _).symm⟩ obtain ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ := Sum.isConnected_iff.1 ⟨h, hs⟩ · exact Or.inl ⟨t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · exact Or.inr ⟨t, ht.isPreconnected, rfl⟩ · rintro (⟨t, ht, rfl⟩ | ⟨t, ht, rfl⟩) · exact ht.image _ continuous_inl.continuousOn · exact ht.image _ continuous_inr.continuousOn #align sum.is_preconnected_iff Sum.isPreconnected_iff def connectedComponent (x : α) : Set α := ⋃₀ { s : Set α | IsPreconnected s ∧ x ∈ s } #align connected_component connectedComponent def connectedComponentIn (F : Set α) (x : α) : Set α := if h : x ∈ F then (↑) '' connectedComponent (⟨x, h⟩ : F) else ∅ #align connected_component_in connectedComponentIn theorem connectedComponentIn_eq_image {F : Set α} {x : α} (h : x ∈ F) : connectedComponentIn F x = (↑) '' connectedComponent (⟨x, h⟩ : F) := dif_pos h #align connected_component_in_eq_image connectedComponentIn_eq_image theorem connectedComponentIn_eq_empty {F : Set α} {x : α} (h : x ∉ F) : connectedComponentIn F x = ∅ := dif_neg h #align connected_component_in_eq_empty connectedComponentIn_eq_empty theorem mem_connectedComponent {x : α} : x ∈ connectedComponent x := mem_sUnion_of_mem (mem_singleton x) ⟨isPreconnected_singleton, mem_singleton x⟩ #align mem_connected_component mem_connectedComponent theorem mem_connectedComponentIn {x : α} {F : Set α} (hx : x ∈ F) : x ∈ connectedComponentIn F x := by simp [connectedComponentIn_eq_image hx, mem_connectedComponent, hx] #align mem_connected_component_in mem_connectedComponentIn theorem connectedComponent_nonempty {x : α} : (connectedComponent x).Nonempty := ⟨x, mem_connectedComponent⟩ #align connected_component_nonempty connectedComponent_nonempty theorem connectedComponentIn_nonempty_iff {x : α} {F : Set α} : (connectedComponentIn F x).Nonempty ↔ x ∈ F := by rw [connectedComponentIn] split_ifs <;> simp [connectedComponent_nonempty, *] #align connected_component_in_nonempty_iff connectedComponentIn_nonempty_iff theorem connectedComponentIn_subset (F : Set α) (x : α) : connectedComponentIn F x ⊆ F := by rw [connectedComponentIn] split_ifs <;> simp #align connected_component_in_subset connectedComponentIn_subset theorem isPreconnected_connectedComponent {x : α} : IsPreconnected (connectedComponent x) := isPreconnected_sUnion x _ (fun _ => And.right) fun _ => And.left #align is_preconnected_connected_component isPreconnected_connectedComponent theorem isPreconnected_connectedComponentIn {x : α} {F : Set α} : IsPreconnected (connectedComponentIn F x) := by rw [connectedComponentIn]; split_ifs · exact inducing_subtype_val.isPreconnected_image.mpr isPreconnected_connectedComponent · exact isPreconnected_empty #align is_preconnected_connected_component_in isPreconnected_connectedComponentIn theorem isConnected_connectedComponent {x : α} : IsConnected (connectedComponent x) := ⟨⟨x, mem_connectedComponent⟩, isPreconnected_connectedComponent⟩ #align is_connected_connected_component isConnected_connectedComponent theorem isConnected_connectedComponentIn_iff {x : α} {F : Set α} : IsConnected (connectedComponentIn F x) ↔ x ∈ F := by simp_rw [← connectedComponentIn_nonempty_iff, IsConnected, isPreconnected_connectedComponentIn, and_true_iff] #align is_connected_connected_component_in_iff isConnected_connectedComponentIn_iff theorem IsPreconnected.subset_connectedComponent {x : α} {s : Set α} (H1 : IsPreconnected s) (H2 : x ∈ s) : s ⊆ connectedComponent x := fun _z hz => mem_sUnion_of_mem hz ⟨H1, H2⟩ #align is_preconnected.subset_connected_component IsPreconnected.subset_connectedComponent theorem IsPreconnected.subset_connectedComponentIn {x : α} {F : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (hxs : x ∈ s) (hsF : s ⊆ F) : s ⊆ connectedComponentIn F x := by have : IsPreconnected (((↑) : F → α) ⁻¹' s) := by refine inducing_subtype_val.isPreconnected_image.mp ?_ rwa [Subtype.image_preimage_coe, inter_eq_right.mpr hsF] have h2xs : (⟨x, hsF hxs⟩ : F) ∈ (↑) ⁻¹' s := by rw [mem_preimage] exact hxs have := this.subset_connectedComponent h2xs rw [connectedComponentIn_eq_image (hsF hxs)] refine Subset.trans ?_ (image_subset _ this) rw [Subtype.image_preimage_coe, inter_eq_right.mpr hsF] #align is_preconnected.subset_connected_component_in IsPreconnected.subset_connectedComponentIn theorem IsConnected.subset_connectedComponent {x : α} {s : Set α} (H1 : IsConnected s) (H2 : x ∈ s) : s ⊆ connectedComponent x := H1.2.subset_connectedComponent H2 #align is_connected.subset_connected_component IsConnected.subset_connectedComponent theorem IsPreconnected.connectedComponentIn {x : α} {F : Set α} (h : IsPreconnected F) (hx : x ∈ F) : connectedComponentIn F x = F := (connectedComponentIn_subset F x).antisymm (h.subset_connectedComponentIn hx subset_rfl) #align is_preconnected.connected_component_in IsPreconnected.connectedComponentIn theorem connectedComponent_eq {x y : α} (h : y ∈ connectedComponent x) : connectedComponent x = connectedComponent y := eq_of_subset_of_subset (isConnected_connectedComponent.subset_connectedComponent h) (isConnected_connectedComponent.subset_connectedComponent (Set.mem_of_mem_of_subset mem_connectedComponent (isConnected_connectedComponent.subset_connectedComponent h))) #align connected_component_eq connectedComponent_eq theorem connectedComponent_eq_iff_mem {x y : α} : connectedComponent x = connectedComponent y ↔ x ∈ connectedComponent y := ⟨fun h => h ▸ mem_connectedComponent, fun h => (connectedComponent_eq h).symm⟩ #align connected_component_eq_iff_mem connectedComponent_eq_iff_mem theorem connectedComponentIn_eq {x y : α} {F : Set α} (h : y ∈ connectedComponentIn F x) : connectedComponentIn F x = connectedComponentIn F y := by have hx : x ∈ F := connectedComponentIn_nonempty_iff.mp ⟨y, h⟩ simp_rw [connectedComponentIn_eq_image hx] at h ⊢ obtain ⟨⟨y, hy⟩, h2y, rfl⟩ := h simp_rw [connectedComponentIn_eq_image hy, connectedComponent_eq h2y] #align connected_component_in_eq connectedComponentIn_eq theorem connectedComponentIn_univ (x : α) : connectedComponentIn univ x = connectedComponent x := subset_antisymm (isPreconnected_connectedComponentIn.subset_connectedComponent <| mem_connectedComponentIn trivial) (isPreconnected_connectedComponent.subset_connectedComponentIn mem_connectedComponent <| subset_univ _) #align connected_component_in_univ connectedComponentIn_univ theorem connectedComponent_disjoint {x y : α} (h : connectedComponent x ≠ connectedComponent y) : Disjoint (connectedComponent x) (connectedComponent y) := Set.disjoint_left.2 fun _ h1 h2 => h ((connectedComponent_eq h1).trans (connectedComponent_eq h2).symm) #align connected_component_disjoint connectedComponent_disjoint theorem isClosed_connectedComponent {x : α} : IsClosed (connectedComponent x) := closure_subset_iff_isClosed.1 <| isConnected_connectedComponent.closure.subset_connectedComponent <| subset_closure mem_connectedComponent #align is_closed_connected_component isClosed_connectedComponent theorem Continuous.image_connectedComponent_subset [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} (h : Continuous f) (a : α) : f '' connectedComponent a ⊆ connectedComponent (f a) := (isConnected_connectedComponent.image f h.continuousOn).subset_connectedComponent ((mem_image f (connectedComponent a) (f a)).2 ⟨a, mem_connectedComponent, rfl⟩) #align continuous.image_connected_component_subset Continuous.image_connectedComponent_subset theorem Continuous.image_connectedComponentIn_subset [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {a : α} (hf : Continuous f) (hx : a ∈ s) : f '' connectedComponentIn s a ⊆ connectedComponentIn (f '' s) (f a) := (isPreconnected_connectedComponentIn.image _ hf.continuousOn).subset_connectedComponentIn (mem_image_of_mem _ <| mem_connectedComponentIn hx) (image_subset _ <| connectedComponentIn_subset _ _) theorem Continuous.mapsTo_connectedComponent [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} (h : Continuous f) (a : α) : MapsTo f (connectedComponent a) (connectedComponent (f a)) := mapsTo'.2 <| h.image_connectedComponent_subset a #align continuous.maps_to_connected_component Continuous.mapsTo_connectedComponent theorem Continuous.mapsTo_connectedComponentIn [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} {s : Set α} (h : Continuous f) {a : α} (hx : a ∈ s) : MapsTo f (connectedComponentIn s a) (connectedComponentIn (f '' s) (f a)) := mapsTo'.2 <| image_connectedComponentIn_subset h hx theorem irreducibleComponent_subset_connectedComponent {x : α} : irreducibleComponent x ⊆ connectedComponent x := isIrreducible_irreducibleComponent.isConnected.subset_connectedComponent mem_irreducibleComponent #align irreducible_component_subset_connected_component irreducibleComponent_subset_connectedComponent @[mono] theorem connectedComponentIn_mono (x : α) {F G : Set α} (h : F ⊆ G) : connectedComponentIn F x ⊆ connectedComponentIn G x := by by_cases hx : x ∈ F · rw [connectedComponentIn_eq_image hx, connectedComponentIn_eq_image (h hx), ← show ((↑) : G → α) ∘ inclusion h = (↑) from rfl, image_comp] exact image_subset _ ((continuous_inclusion h).image_connectedComponent_subset ⟨x, hx⟩) · rw [connectedComponentIn_eq_empty hx] exact Set.empty_subset _ #align connected_component_in_mono connectedComponentIn_mono class PreconnectedSpace (α : Type u) [TopologicalSpace α] : Prop where isPreconnected_univ : IsPreconnected (univ : Set α) #align preconnected_space PreconnectedSpace export PreconnectedSpace (isPreconnected_univ) class ConnectedSpace (α : Type u) [TopologicalSpace α] extends PreconnectedSpace α : Prop where toNonempty : Nonempty α #align connected_space ConnectedSpace attribute [instance 50] ConnectedSpace.toNonempty -- see Note [lower instance priority] -- see Note [lower instance priority] theorem isConnected_univ [ConnectedSpace α] : IsConnected (univ : Set α) := ⟨univ_nonempty, isPreconnected_univ⟩ #align is_connected_univ isConnected_univ lemma preconnectedSpace_iff_univ : PreconnectedSpace α ↔ IsPreconnected (univ : Set α) := ⟨fun h ↦ h.1, fun h ↦ ⟨h⟩⟩ lemma connectedSpace_iff_univ : ConnectedSpace α ↔ IsConnected (univ : Set α) := ⟨fun h ↦ ⟨univ_nonempty, h.1.1⟩, fun h ↦ ConnectedSpace.mk (toPreconnectedSpace := ⟨h.2⟩) ⟨h.1.some⟩⟩ theorem isPreconnected_range [TopologicalSpace β] [PreconnectedSpace α] {f : α → β} (h : Continuous f) : IsPreconnected (range f) := @image_univ _ _ f ▸ isPreconnected_univ.image _ h.continuousOn #align is_preconnected_range isPreconnected_range theorem isConnected_range [TopologicalSpace β] [ConnectedSpace α] {f : α → β} (h : Continuous f) : IsConnected (range f) := ⟨range_nonempty f, isPreconnected_range h⟩ #align is_connected_range isConnected_range theorem Function.Surjective.connectedSpace [ConnectedSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} (hf : Surjective f) (hf' : Continuous f) : ConnectedSpace β := by rw [connectedSpace_iff_univ, ← hf.range_eq] exact isConnected_range hf' instance Quotient.instConnectedSpace {s : Setoid α} [ConnectedSpace α] : ConnectedSpace (Quotient s) := (surjective_quotient_mk' _).connectedSpace continuous_coinduced_rng theorem DenseRange.preconnectedSpace [TopologicalSpace β] [PreconnectedSpace α] {f : α → β} (hf : DenseRange f) (hc : Continuous f) : PreconnectedSpace β := ⟨hf.closure_eq ▸ (isPreconnected_range hc).closure⟩ #align dense_range.preconnected_space DenseRange.preconnectedSpace theorem connectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent : ConnectedSpace α ↔ ∃ x : α, connectedComponent x = univ := by constructor · rintro ⟨⟨x⟩⟩ exact ⟨x, eq_univ_of_univ_subset <| isPreconnected_univ.subset_connectedComponent (mem_univ x)⟩ · rintro ⟨x, h⟩ haveI : PreconnectedSpace α := ⟨by rw [← h]; exact isPreconnected_connectedComponent⟩ exact ⟨⟨x⟩⟩ #align connected_space_iff_connected_component connectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent theorem preconnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent : PreconnectedSpace α ↔ ∀ x : α, connectedComponent x = univ := by constructor · intro h x exact eq_univ_of_univ_subset <| isPreconnected_univ.subset_connectedComponent (mem_univ x) · intro h cases' isEmpty_or_nonempty α with hα hα · exact ⟨by rw [univ_eq_empty_iff.mpr hα]; exact isPreconnected_empty⟩ · exact ⟨by rw [← h (Classical.choice hα)]; exact isPreconnected_connectedComponent⟩ #align preconnected_space_iff_connected_component preconnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent @[simp] theorem PreconnectedSpace.connectedComponent_eq_univ {X : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [h : PreconnectedSpace X] (x : X) : connectedComponent x = univ := preconnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent.mp h x #align preconnected_space.connected_component_eq_univ PreconnectedSpace.connectedComponent_eq_univ instance [TopologicalSpace β] [PreconnectedSpace α] [PreconnectedSpace β] : PreconnectedSpace (α × β) := ⟨by rw [← univ_prod_univ] exact isPreconnected_univ.prod isPreconnected_univ⟩ instance [TopologicalSpace β] [ConnectedSpace α] [ConnectedSpace β] : ConnectedSpace (α × β) := ⟨inferInstance⟩ instance [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] [∀ i, PreconnectedSpace (π i)] : PreconnectedSpace (∀ i, π i) := ⟨by rw [← pi_univ univ]; exact isPreconnected_univ_pi fun i => isPreconnected_univ⟩ instance [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] [∀ i, ConnectedSpace (π i)] : ConnectedSpace (∀ i, π i) := ⟨inferInstance⟩ -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) PreirreducibleSpace.preconnectedSpace (α : Type u) [TopologicalSpace α] [PreirreducibleSpace α] : PreconnectedSpace α := ⟨isPreirreducible_univ.isPreconnected⟩ #align preirreducible_space.preconnected_space PreirreducibleSpace.preconnectedSpace -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) IrreducibleSpace.connectedSpace (α : Type u) [TopologicalSpace α] [IrreducibleSpace α] : ConnectedSpace α where toNonempty := IrreducibleSpace.toNonempty #align irreducible_space.connected_space IrreducibleSpace.connectedSpace theorem Continuous.exists_lift_sigma [ConnectedSpace α] [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {f : α → Σ i, π i} (hf : Continuous f) : ∃ (i : ι) (g : α → π i), Continuous g ∧ f = Sigma.mk i ∘ g := by obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ : ∃ i, range f ⊆ range (.mk i) := by rcases Sigma.isConnected_iff.1 (isConnected_range hf) with ⟨i, s, -, hs⟩ exact ⟨i, hs.trans_subset (image_subset_range _ _)⟩ rcases range_subset_range_iff_exists_comp.1 hi with ⟨g, rfl⟩ refine ⟨i, g, ?_, rfl⟩ rwa [← embedding_sigmaMk.continuous_iff] at hf theorem nonempty_inter [PreconnectedSpace α] {s t : Set α} : IsOpen s → IsOpen t → s ∪ t = univ → s.Nonempty → t.Nonempty → (s ∩ t).Nonempty := by simpa only [univ_inter, univ_subset_iff] using @PreconnectedSpace.isPreconnected_univ α _ _ s t #align nonempty_inter nonempty_inter theorem isClopen_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : IsClopen s ↔ s = ∅ ∨ s = univ := ⟨fun hs => by_contradiction fun h => have h1 : s ≠ ∅ ∧ sᶜ ≠ ∅ := ⟨mt Or.inl h, mt (fun h2 => Or.inr <| (by rw [← compl_compl s, h2, compl_empty] : s = univ)) h⟩ let ⟨_, h2, h3⟩ := nonempty_inter hs.2 hs.1.isOpen_compl (union_compl_self s) (nonempty_iff_ne_empty.2 h1.1) (nonempty_iff_ne_empty.2 h1.2) h3 h2, by rintro (rfl | rfl) <;> [exact isClopen_empty; exact isClopen_univ]⟩ #align is_clopen_iff isClopen_iff theorem IsClopen.eq_univ [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} (h' : IsClopen s) (h : s.Nonempty) : s = univ := (isClopen_iff.mp h').resolve_left h.ne_empty #align is_clopen.eq_univ IsClopen.eq_univ theorem frontier_eq_empty_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : frontier s = ∅ ↔ s = ∅ ∨ s = univ := isClopen_iff_frontier_eq_empty.symm.trans isClopen_iff #align frontier_eq_empty_iff frontier_eq_empty_iff theorem nonempty_frontier_iff [PreconnectedSpace α] {s : Set α} : (frontier s).Nonempty ↔ s.Nonempty ∧ s ≠ univ := by simp only [nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, frontier_eq_empty_iff, not_or] #align nonempty_frontier_iff nonempty_frontier_iff theorem Subtype.preconnectedSpace {s : Set α} (h : IsPreconnected s) : PreconnectedSpace s where isPreconnected_univ := by rwa [← inducing_subtype_val.isPreconnected_image, image_univ, Subtype.range_val] #align subtype.preconnected_space Subtype.preconnectedSpace theorem Subtype.connectedSpace {s : Set α} (h : IsConnected s) : ConnectedSpace s where toPreconnectedSpace := Subtype.preconnectedSpace h.isPreconnected toNonempty := h.nonempty.to_subtype #align subtype.connected_space Subtype.connectedSpace theorem isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace {s : Set α} : IsPreconnected s ↔ PreconnectedSpace s := ⟨Subtype.preconnectedSpace, fun h => by simpa using isPreconnected_univ.image ((↑) : s → α) continuous_subtype_val.continuousOn⟩ #align is_preconnected_iff_preconnected_space isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace theorem isConnected_iff_connectedSpace {s : Set α} : IsConnected s ↔ ConnectedSpace s := ⟨Subtype.connectedSpace, fun h => ⟨nonempty_subtype.mp h.2, isPreconnected_iff_preconnectedSpace.mpr h.1⟩⟩ #align is_connected_iff_connected_space isConnected_iff_connectedSpace lemma PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' [PreconnectedSpace α] (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, P x y ∧ P y x) (h' : Transitive P) (x y : α) : P x y := by let u := {z | P x z} have A : IsClosed u := by apply isClosed_iff_nhds.2 (fun z hz ↦ ?_) rcases hz _ (h z) with ⟨t, ht, h't⟩ exact h' h't ht.2 have B : IsOpen u := by apply isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.2 (fun z hz ↦ ?_) filter_upwards [h z] with t ht exact h' hz ht.1 have C : u.Nonempty := ⟨x, (mem_of_mem_nhds (h x)).1⟩ have D : u = Set.univ := IsClopen.eq_univ ⟨A, B⟩ C show y ∈ u simp [D] lemma PreconnectedSpace.induction₂ [PreconnectedSpace α] (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, P x y) (h' : Transitive P) (h'' : Symmetric P) (x y : α) : P x y := by refine PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' P (fun z ↦ ?_) h' x y filter_upwards [h z] with a ha exact ⟨ha, h'' ha⟩ lemma IsPreconnected.induction₂' {s : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] x, P x y ∧ P y x) (h' : ∀ x y z, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → z ∈ s → P x y → P y z → P x z) {x y : α} (hx : x ∈ s) (hy : y ∈ s) : P x y := by let Q : s → s → Prop := fun a b ↦ P a b show Q ⟨x, hx⟩ ⟨y, hy⟩ have : PreconnectedSpace s := Subtype.preconnectedSpace hs apply PreconnectedSpace.induction₂' · rintro ⟨x, hx⟩ have Z := h x hx rwa [nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe] at Z · rintro ⟨a, ha⟩ ⟨b, hb⟩ ⟨c, hc⟩ hab hbc exact h' a b c ha hb hc hab hbc lemma IsPreconnected.induction₂ {s : Set α} (hs : IsPreconnected s) (P : α → α → Prop) (h : ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] x, P x y) (h' : ∀ x y z, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → z ∈ s → P x y → P y z → P x z) (h'' : ∀ x y, x ∈ s → y ∈ s → P x y → P y x) {x y : α} (hx : x ∈ s) (hy : y ∈ s) : P x y := by apply hs.induction₂' P (fun z hz ↦ ?_) h' hx hy filter_upwards [h z hz, self_mem_nhdsWithin] with a ha h'a exact ⟨ha, h'' z a hz h'a ha⟩ theorem isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint {s : Set α} : IsPreconnected s ↔ ∀ u v, IsOpen u → IsOpen v → s ⊆ u ∪ v → s ∩ (u ∩ v) = ∅ → s ⊆ u ∨ s ⊆ v := by constructor <;> intro h · intro u v hu hv hs huv specialize h u v hu hv hs contrapose! huv simp [not_subset] at huv rcases huv with ⟨⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩, ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩⟩ have hxv : x ∈ v := or_iff_not_imp_left.mp (hs hxs) hxu have hyu : y ∈ u := or_iff_not_imp_right.mp (hs hys) hyv exact h ⟨y, hys, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ · intro u v hu hv hs hsu hsv by_contra H specialize h u v hu hv hs (Set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty.mp H) apply H cases' h with h h · rcases hsv with ⟨x, hxs, hxv⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨h hxs, hxv⟩⟩ · rcases hsu with ⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, ⟨hxu, h hxs⟩⟩ #align is_preconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/Basic.lean
1,053
1,071
theorem isConnected_iff_sUnion_disjoint_open {s : Set α} : IsConnected s ↔ ∀ U : Finset (Set α), (∀ u v : Set α, u ∈ U → v ∈ U → (s ∩ (u ∩ v)).Nonempty → u = v) → (∀ u ∈ U, IsOpen u) → (s ⊆ ⋃₀ ↑U) → ∃ u ∈ U, s ⊆ u := by
rw [IsConnected, isPreconnected_iff_subset_of_disjoint] refine ⟨fun ⟨hne, h⟩ U hU hUo hsU => ?_, fun h => ⟨?_, fun u v hu hv hs hsuv => ?_⟩⟩ · induction U using Finset.induction_on with | empty => exact absurd (by simpa using hsU) hne.not_subset_empty | @insert u U uU IH => simp only [← forall_cond_comm, Finset.forall_mem_insert, Finset.exists_mem_insert, Finset.coe_insert, sUnion_insert, implies_true, true_and] at * refine (h _ hUo.1 (⋃₀ ↑U) (isOpen_sUnion hUo.2) hsU ?_).imp_right ?_ · refine subset_empty_iff.1 fun x ⟨hxs, hxu, v, hvU, hxv⟩ => ?_ exact ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hvU uU (hU.1 v hvU ⟨x, hxs, hxu, hxv⟩).symm · exact IH (fun u hu => (hU.2 u hu).2) hUo.2 · simpa [subset_empty_iff, nonempty_iff_ne_empty] using h ∅ · rw [← not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty] at hsuv have := hsuv; rw [inter_comm u] at this simpa [*, or_imp, forall_and] using h {u, v}
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecificLimits.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Setoid.Basic import Mathlib.Dynamics.FixedPoints.Topology import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Lipschitz #align_import topology.metric_space.contracting from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open scoped Classical open NNReal Topology ENNReal Filter Function variable {α : Type*} def ContractingWith [EMetricSpace α] (K : ℝ≥0) (f : α → α) := K < 1 ∧ LipschitzWith K f #align contracting_with ContractingWith namespace ContractingWith variable [EMetricSpace α] [cs : CompleteSpace α] {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → α} open EMetric Set theorem toLipschitzWith (hf : ContractingWith K f) : LipschitzWith K f := hf.2 #align contracting_with.to_lipschitz_with ContractingWith.toLipschitzWith theorem one_sub_K_pos' (hf : ContractingWith K f) : (0 : ℝ≥0∞) < 1 - K := by simp [hf.1] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align contracting_with.one_sub_K_pos' ContractingWith.one_sub_K_pos' theorem one_sub_K_ne_zero (hf : ContractingWith K f) : (1 : ℝ≥0∞) - K ≠ 0 := ne_of_gt hf.one_sub_K_pos' set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align contracting_with.one_sub_K_ne_zero ContractingWith.one_sub_K_ne_zero theorem one_sub_K_ne_top : (1 : ℝ≥0∞) - K ≠ ∞ := by norm_cast exact ENNReal.coe_ne_top set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align contracting_with.one_sub_K_ne_top ContractingWith.one_sub_K_ne_top theorem edist_inequality (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x y} (h : edist x y ≠ ∞) : edist x y ≤ (edist x (f x) + edist y (f y)) / (1 - K) := suffices edist x y ≤ edist x (f x) + edist y (f y) + K * edist x y by rwa [ENNReal.le_div_iff_mul_le (Or.inl hf.one_sub_K_ne_zero) (Or.inl one_sub_K_ne_top), mul_comm, ENNReal.sub_mul fun _ _ ↦ h, one_mul, tsub_le_iff_right] calc edist x y ≤ edist x (f x) + edist (f x) (f y) + edist (f y) y := edist_triangle4 _ _ _ _ _ = edist x (f x) + edist y (f y) + edist (f x) (f y) := by rw [edist_comm y, add_right_comm] _ ≤ edist x (f x) + edist y (f y) + K * edist x y := add_le_add le_rfl (hf.2 _ _) #align contracting_with.edist_inequality ContractingWith.edist_inequality theorem edist_le_of_fixedPoint (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x y} (h : edist x y ≠ ∞) (hy : IsFixedPt f y) : edist x y ≤ edist x (f x) / (1 - K) := by simpa only [hy.eq, edist_self, add_zero] using hf.edist_inequality h #align contracting_with.edist_le_of_fixed_point ContractingWith.edist_le_of_fixedPoint theorem eq_or_edist_eq_top_of_fixedPoints (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x y} (hx : IsFixedPt f x) (hy : IsFixedPt f y) : x = y ∨ edist x y = ∞ := by refine or_iff_not_imp_right.2 fun h ↦ edist_le_zero.1 ?_ simpa only [hx.eq, edist_self, add_zero, ENNReal.zero_div] using hf.edist_le_of_fixedPoint h hy #align contracting_with.eq_or_edist_eq_top_of_fixed_points ContractingWith.eq_or_edist_eq_top_of_fixedPoints theorem restrict (hf : ContractingWith K f) {s : Set α} (hs : MapsTo f s s) : ContractingWith K (hs.restrict f s s) := ⟨hf.1, fun x y ↦ hf.2 x y⟩ #align contracting_with.restrict ContractingWith.restrict theorem exists_fixedPoint (hf : ContractingWith K f) (x : α) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : ∃ y, IsFixedPt f y ∧ Tendsto (fun n ↦ f^[n] x) atTop (𝓝 y) ∧ ∀ n : ℕ, edist (f^[n] x) y ≤ edist x (f x) * (K : ℝ≥0∞) ^ n / (1 - K) := have : CauchySeq fun n ↦ f^[n] x := cauchySeq_of_edist_le_geometric K (edist x (f x)) (ENNReal.coe_lt_one_iff.2 hf.1) hx (hf.toLipschitzWith.edist_iterate_succ_le_geometric x) let ⟨y, hy⟩ := cauchySeq_tendsto_of_complete this ⟨y, isFixedPt_of_tendsto_iterate hy hf.2.continuous.continuousAt, hy, edist_le_of_edist_le_geometric_of_tendsto K (edist x (f x)) (hf.toLipschitzWith.edist_iterate_succ_le_geometric x) hy⟩ #align contracting_with.exists_fixed_point ContractingWith.exists_fixedPoint variable (f) -- avoid `efixedPoint _` in pretty printer noncomputable def efixedPoint (hf : ContractingWith K f) (x : α) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : α := Classical.choose <| hf.exists_fixedPoint x hx #align contracting_with.efixed_point ContractingWith.efixedPoint variable {f} theorem efixedPoint_isFixedPt (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : IsFixedPt f (efixedPoint f hf x hx) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint x hx).1 #align contracting_with.efixed_point_is_fixed_pt ContractingWith.efixedPoint_isFixedPt theorem tendsto_iterate_efixedPoint (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : Tendsto (fun n ↦ f^[n] x) atTop (𝓝 <| efixedPoint f hf x hx) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint x hx).2.1 #align contracting_with.tendsto_iterate_efixed_point ContractingWith.tendsto_iterate_efixedPoint theorem apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) (n : ℕ) : edist (f^[n] x) (efixedPoint f hf x hx) ≤ edist x (f x) * (K : ℝ≥0∞) ^ n / (1 - K) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint x hx).2.2 n #align contracting_with.apriori_edist_iterate_efixed_point_le ContractingWith.apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le theorem edist_efixedPoint_le (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : edist x (efixedPoint f hf x hx) ≤ edist x (f x) / (1 - K) := by convert hf.apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le hx 0 simp only [pow_zero, mul_one] #align contracting_with.edist_efixed_point_le ContractingWith.edist_efixedPoint_le theorem edist_efixedPoint_lt_top (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : edist x (efixedPoint f hf x hx) < ∞ := (hf.edist_efixedPoint_le hx).trans_lt (ENNReal.mul_lt_top hx <| ENNReal.inv_ne_top.2 hf.one_sub_K_ne_zero) #align contracting_with.edist_efixed_point_lt_top ContractingWith.edist_efixedPoint_lt_top theorem efixedPoint_eq_of_edist_lt_top (hf : ContractingWith K f) {x : α} (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) {y : α} (hy : edist y (f y) ≠ ∞) (h : edist x y ≠ ∞) : efixedPoint f hf x hx = efixedPoint f hf y hy := by refine (hf.eq_or_edist_eq_top_of_fixedPoints ?_ ?_).elim id fun h' ↦ False.elim (ne_of_lt ?_ h') <;> try apply efixedPoint_isFixedPt change edistLtTopSetoid.Rel _ _ trans x · apply Setoid.symm' -- Porting note: Originally `symm` exact hf.edist_efixedPoint_lt_top hx trans y exacts [lt_top_iff_ne_top.2 h, hf.edist_efixedPoint_lt_top hy] #align contracting_with.efixed_point_eq_of_edist_lt_top ContractingWith.efixedPoint_eq_of_edist_lt_top theorem exists_fixedPoint' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : ∃ y ∈ s, IsFixedPt f y ∧ Tendsto (fun n ↦ f^[n] x) atTop (𝓝 y) ∧ ∀ n : ℕ, edist (f^[n] x) y ≤ edist x (f x) * (K : ℝ≥0∞) ^ n / (1 - K) := by haveI := hsc.completeSpace_coe rcases hf.exists_fixedPoint ⟨x, hxs⟩ hx with ⟨y, hfy, h_tendsto, hle⟩ refine ⟨y, y.2, Subtype.ext_iff_val.1 hfy, ?_, fun n ↦ ?_⟩ · convert (continuous_subtype_val.tendsto _).comp h_tendsto simp only [(· ∘ ·), MapsTo.iterate_restrict, MapsTo.val_restrict_apply] · convert hle n rw [MapsTo.iterate_restrict] rfl #align contracting_with.exists_fixed_point' ContractingWith.exists_fixedPoint' variable (f) -- avoid `efixedPoint _` in pretty printer noncomputable def efixedPoint' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) (x : α) (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : α := Classical.choose <| hf.exists_fixedPoint' hsc hsf hxs hx #align contracting_with.efixed_point' ContractingWith.efixedPoint' variable {f} theorem efixedPoint_mem' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : efixedPoint' f hsc hsf hf x hxs hx ∈ s := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint' hsc hsf hxs hx).1 #align contracting_with.efixed_point_mem' ContractingWith.efixedPoint_mem' theorem efixedPoint_isFixedPt' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : IsFixedPt f (efixedPoint' f hsc hsf hf x hxs hx) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint' hsc hsf hxs hx).2.1 #align contracting_with.efixed_point_is_fixed_pt' ContractingWith.efixedPoint_isFixedPt' theorem tendsto_iterate_efixedPoint' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : Tendsto (fun n ↦ f^[n] x) atTop (𝓝 <| efixedPoint' f hsc hsf hf x hxs hx) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint' hsc hsf hxs hx).2.2.1 #align contracting_with.tendsto_iterate_efixed_point' ContractingWith.tendsto_iterate_efixedPoint' theorem apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) (n : ℕ) : edist (f^[n] x) (efixedPoint' f hsc hsf hf x hxs hx) ≤ edist x (f x) * (K : ℝ≥0∞) ^ n / (1 - K) := (Classical.choose_spec <| hf.exists_fixedPoint' hsc hsf hxs hx).2.2.2 n #align contracting_with.apriori_edist_iterate_efixed_point_le' ContractingWith.apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le'
Mathlib/Topology/MetricSpace/Contracting.lean
223
227
theorem edist_efixedPoint_le' {s : Set α} (hsc : IsComplete s) (hsf : MapsTo f s s) (hf : ContractingWith K <| hsf.restrict f s s) {x : α} (hxs : x ∈ s) (hx : edist x (f x) ≠ ∞) : edist x (efixedPoint' f hsc hsf hf x hxs hx) ≤ edist x (f x) / (1 - K) := by
convert hf.apriori_edist_iterate_efixedPoint_le' hsc hsf hxs hx 0 rw [pow_zero, mul_one]
import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.CauchyIntegral import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.FDeriv.Analytic import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Completion #align_import analysis.complex.liouville from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open TopologicalSpace Metric Set Filter Asymptotics Function MeasureTheory Bornology open scoped Topology Filter NNReal Real universe u v variable {E : Type u} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℂ E] {F : Type v} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℂ F] local postfix:100 "̂" => UniformSpace.Completion namespace Complex theorem deriv_eq_smul_circleIntegral [CompleteSpace F] {R : ℝ} {c : ℂ} {f : ℂ → F} (hR : 0 < R) (hf : DiffContOnCl ℂ f (ball c R)) : deriv f c = (2 * π * I : ℂ)⁻¹ • ∮ z in C(c, R), (z - c) ^ (-2 : ℤ) • f z := by lift R to ℝ≥0 using hR.le refine (hf.hasFPowerSeriesOnBall hR).hasFPowerSeriesAt.deriv.trans ?_ simp only [cauchyPowerSeries_apply, one_div, zpow_neg, pow_one, smul_smul, zpow_two, mul_inv] #align complex.deriv_eq_smul_circle_integral Complex.deriv_eq_smul_circleIntegral theorem norm_deriv_le_aux [CompleteSpace F] {c : ℂ} {R C : ℝ} {f : ℂ → F} (hR : 0 < R) (hf : DiffContOnCl ℂ f (ball c R)) (hC : ∀ z ∈ sphere c R, ‖f z‖ ≤ C) : ‖deriv f c‖ ≤ C / R := by have : ∀ z ∈ sphere c R, ‖(z - c) ^ (-2 : ℤ) • f z‖ ≤ C / (R * R) := fun z (hz : abs (z - c) = R) => by simpa [-mul_inv_rev, norm_smul, hz, zpow_two, ← div_eq_inv_mul] using (div_le_div_right (mul_pos hR hR)).2 (hC z hz) calc ‖deriv f c‖ = ‖(2 * π * I : ℂ)⁻¹ • ∮ z in C(c, R), (z - c) ^ (-2 : ℤ) • f z‖ := congr_arg norm (deriv_eq_smul_circleIntegral hR hf) _ ≤ R * (C / (R * R)) := (circleIntegral.norm_two_pi_i_inv_smul_integral_le_of_norm_le_const hR.le this) _ = C / R := by rw [mul_div_left_comm, div_self_mul_self', div_eq_mul_inv] #align complex.norm_deriv_le_aux Complex.norm_deriv_le_aux theorem norm_deriv_le_of_forall_mem_sphere_norm_le {c : ℂ} {R C : ℝ} {f : ℂ → F} (hR : 0 < R) (hd : DiffContOnCl ℂ f (ball c R)) (hC : ∀ z ∈ sphere c R, ‖f z‖ ≤ C) : ‖deriv f c‖ ≤ C / R := by set e : F →L[ℂ] F̂ := UniformSpace.Completion.toComplL have : HasDerivAt (e ∘ f) (e (deriv f c)) c := e.hasFDerivAt.comp_hasDerivAt c (hd.differentiableAt isOpen_ball <| mem_ball_self hR).hasDerivAt calc ‖deriv f c‖ = ‖deriv (e ∘ f) c‖ := by rw [this.deriv] exact (UniformSpace.Completion.norm_coe _).symm _ ≤ C / R := norm_deriv_le_aux hR (e.differentiable.comp_diffContOnCl hd) fun z hz => (UniformSpace.Completion.norm_coe _).trans_le (hC z hz) #align complex.norm_deriv_le_of_forall_mem_sphere_norm_le Complex.norm_deriv_le_of_forall_mem_sphere_norm_le
Mathlib/Analysis/Complex/Liouville.lean
88
101
theorem liouville_theorem_aux {f : ℂ → F} (hf : Differentiable ℂ f) (hb : IsBounded (range f)) (z w : ℂ) : f z = f w := by
suffices ∀ c, deriv f c = 0 from is_const_of_deriv_eq_zero hf this z w clear z w; intro c obtain ⟨C, C₀, hC⟩ : ∃ C > (0 : ℝ), ∀ z, ‖f z‖ ≤ C := by rcases isBounded_iff_forall_norm_le.1 hb with ⟨C, hC⟩ exact ⟨max C 1, lt_max_iff.2 (Or.inr zero_lt_one), fun z => (hC (f z) (mem_range_self _)).trans (le_max_left _ _)⟩ refine norm_le_zero_iff.1 (le_of_forall_le_of_dense fun ε ε₀ => ?_) calc ‖deriv f c‖ ≤ C / (C / ε) := norm_deriv_le_of_forall_mem_sphere_norm_le (div_pos C₀ ε₀) hf.diffContOnCl fun z _ => hC z _ = ε := div_div_cancel' C₀.lt.ne'
import Mathlib.Data.ENNReal.Real import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Finset.Nat import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Pi import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.UniformConvergence import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.UniformEmbedding #align_import topology.metric_space.emetric_space from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c8f305514e0d47dfaa710f5a52f0d21b588e6328" open Set Filter Classical open scoped Uniformity Topology Filter NNReal ENNReal Pointwise universe u v w variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {X : Type*} theorem uniformity_dist_of_mem_uniformity [LinearOrder β] {U : Filter (α × α)} (z : β) (D : α → α → β) (H : ∀ s, s ∈ U ↔ ∃ ε > z, ∀ {a b : α}, D a b < ε → (a, b) ∈ s) : U = ⨅ ε > z, 𝓟 { p : α × α | D p.1 p.2 < ε } := HasBasis.eq_biInf ⟨fun s => by simp only [H, subset_def, Prod.forall, mem_setOf]⟩ #align uniformity_dist_of_mem_uniformity uniformity_dist_of_mem_uniformity @[ext] class EDist (α : Type*) where edist : α → α → ℝ≥0∞ #align has_edist EDist export EDist (edist) def uniformSpaceOfEDist (edist : α → α → ℝ≥0∞) (edist_self : ∀ x : α, edist x x = 0) (edist_comm : ∀ x y : α, edist x y = edist y x) (edist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, edist x z ≤ edist x y + edist y z) : UniformSpace α := .ofFun edist edist_self edist_comm edist_triangle fun ε ε0 => ⟨ε / 2, ENNReal.half_pos ε0.ne', fun _ h₁ _ h₂ => (ENNReal.add_lt_add h₁ h₂).trans_eq (ENNReal.add_halves _)⟩ #align uniform_space_of_edist uniformSpaceOfEDist -- the uniform structure is embedded in the emetric space structure -- to avoid instance diamond issues. See Note [forgetful inheritance]. class PseudoEMetricSpace (α : Type u) extends EDist α : Type u where edist_self : ∀ x : α, edist x x = 0 edist_comm : ∀ x y : α, edist x y = edist y x edist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, edist x z ≤ edist x y + edist y z toUniformSpace : UniformSpace α := uniformSpaceOfEDist edist edist_self edist_comm edist_triangle uniformity_edist : 𝓤 α = ⨅ ε > 0, 𝓟 { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } := by rfl #align pseudo_emetric_space PseudoEMetricSpace attribute [instance] PseudoEMetricSpace.toUniformSpace @[ext] protected theorem PseudoEMetricSpace.ext {α : Type*} {m m' : PseudoEMetricSpace α} (h : m.toEDist = m'.toEDist) : m = m' := by cases' m with ed _ _ _ U hU cases' m' with ed' _ _ _ U' hU' congr 1 exact UniformSpace.ext (((show ed = ed' from h) ▸ hU).trans hU'.symm) variable [PseudoEMetricSpace α] export PseudoEMetricSpace (edist_self edist_comm edist_triangle) attribute [simp] edist_self theorem edist_triangle_left (x y z : α) : edist x y ≤ edist z x + edist z y := by rw [edist_comm z]; apply edist_triangle #align edist_triangle_left edist_triangle_left theorem edist_triangle_right (x y z : α) : edist x y ≤ edist x z + edist y z := by rw [edist_comm y]; apply edist_triangle #align edist_triangle_right edist_triangle_right theorem edist_congr_right {x y z : α} (h : edist x y = 0) : edist x z = edist y z := by apply le_antisymm · rw [← zero_add (edist y z), ← h] apply edist_triangle · rw [edist_comm] at h rw [← zero_add (edist x z), ← h] apply edist_triangle #align edist_congr_right edist_congr_right theorem edist_congr_left {x y z : α} (h : edist x y = 0) : edist z x = edist z y := by rw [edist_comm z x, edist_comm z y] apply edist_congr_right h #align edist_congr_left edist_congr_left -- new theorem theorem edist_congr {w x y z : α} (hl : edist w x = 0) (hr : edist y z = 0) : edist w y = edist x z := (edist_congr_right hl).trans (edist_congr_left hr) theorem edist_triangle4 (x y z t : α) : edist x t ≤ edist x y + edist y z + edist z t := calc edist x t ≤ edist x z + edist z t := edist_triangle x z t _ ≤ edist x y + edist y z + edist z t := add_le_add_right (edist_triangle x y z) _ #align edist_triangle4 edist_triangle4 theorem edist_le_Ico_sum_edist (f : ℕ → α) {m n} (h : m ≤ n) : edist (f m) (f n) ≤ ∑ i ∈ Finset.Ico m n, edist (f i) (f (i + 1)) := by induction n, h using Nat.le_induction with | base => rw [Finset.Ico_self, Finset.sum_empty, edist_self] | succ n hle ihn => calc edist (f m) (f (n + 1)) ≤ edist (f m) (f n) + edist (f n) (f (n + 1)) := edist_triangle _ _ _ _ ≤ (∑ i ∈ Finset.Ico m n, _) + _ := add_le_add ihn le_rfl _ = ∑ i ∈ Finset.Ico m (n + 1), _ := by { rw [Nat.Ico_succ_right_eq_insert_Ico hle, Finset.sum_insert, add_comm]; simp } #align edist_le_Ico_sum_edist edist_le_Ico_sum_edist theorem edist_le_range_sum_edist (f : ℕ → α) (n : ℕ) : edist (f 0) (f n) ≤ ∑ i ∈ Finset.range n, edist (f i) (f (i + 1)) := Nat.Ico_zero_eq_range ▸ edist_le_Ico_sum_edist f (Nat.zero_le n) #align edist_le_range_sum_edist edist_le_range_sum_edist theorem edist_le_Ico_sum_of_edist_le {f : ℕ → α} {m n} (hmn : m ≤ n) {d : ℕ → ℝ≥0∞} (hd : ∀ {k}, m ≤ k → k < n → edist (f k) (f (k + 1)) ≤ d k) : edist (f m) (f n) ≤ ∑ i ∈ Finset.Ico m n, d i := le_trans (edist_le_Ico_sum_edist f hmn) <| Finset.sum_le_sum fun _k hk => hd (Finset.mem_Ico.1 hk).1 (Finset.mem_Ico.1 hk).2 #align edist_le_Ico_sum_of_edist_le edist_le_Ico_sum_of_edist_le theorem edist_le_range_sum_of_edist_le {f : ℕ → α} (n : ℕ) {d : ℕ → ℝ≥0∞} (hd : ∀ {k}, k < n → edist (f k) (f (k + 1)) ≤ d k) : edist (f 0) (f n) ≤ ∑ i ∈ Finset.range n, d i := Nat.Ico_zero_eq_range ▸ edist_le_Ico_sum_of_edist_le (zero_le n) fun _ => hd #align edist_le_range_sum_of_edist_le edist_le_range_sum_of_edist_le theorem uniformity_pseudoedist : 𝓤 α = ⨅ ε > 0, 𝓟 { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } := PseudoEMetricSpace.uniformity_edist #align uniformity_pseudoedist uniformity_pseudoedist theorem uniformSpace_edist : ‹PseudoEMetricSpace α›.toUniformSpace = uniformSpaceOfEDist edist edist_self edist_comm edist_triangle := UniformSpace.ext uniformity_pseudoedist #align uniform_space_edist uniformSpace_edist theorem uniformity_basis_edist : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } := (@uniformSpace_edist α _).symm ▸ UniformSpace.hasBasis_ofFun ⟨1, one_pos⟩ _ _ _ _ _ #align uniformity_basis_edist uniformity_basis_edist theorem mem_uniformity_edist {s : Set (α × α)} : s ∈ 𝓤 α ↔ ∃ ε > 0, ∀ {a b : α}, edist a b < ε → (a, b) ∈ s := uniformity_basis_edist.mem_uniformity_iff #align mem_uniformity_edist mem_uniformity_edist protected theorem EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis {β : Type*} {p : β → Prop} {f : β → ℝ≥0∞} (hf₀ : ∀ x, p x → 0 < f x) (hf : ∀ ε, 0 < ε → ∃ x, p x ∧ f x ≤ ε) : (𝓤 α).HasBasis p fun x => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < f x } := by refine ⟨fun s => uniformity_basis_edist.mem_iff.trans ?_⟩ constructor · rintro ⟨ε, ε₀, hε⟩ rcases hf ε ε₀ with ⟨i, hi, H⟩ exact ⟨i, hi, fun x hx => hε <| lt_of_lt_of_le hx.out H⟩ · exact fun ⟨i, hi, H⟩ => ⟨f i, hf₀ i hi, H⟩ #align emetric.mk_uniformity_basis EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis protected theorem EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le {β : Type*} {p : β → Prop} {f : β → ℝ≥0∞} (hf₀ : ∀ x, p x → 0 < f x) (hf : ∀ ε, 0 < ε → ∃ x, p x ∧ f x ≤ ε) : (𝓤 α).HasBasis p fun x => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 ≤ f x } := by refine ⟨fun s => uniformity_basis_edist.mem_iff.trans ?_⟩ constructor · rintro ⟨ε, ε₀, hε⟩ rcases exists_between ε₀ with ⟨ε', hε'⟩ rcases hf ε' hε'.1 with ⟨i, hi, H⟩ exact ⟨i, hi, fun x hx => hε <| lt_of_le_of_lt (le_trans hx.out H) hε'.2⟩ · exact fun ⟨i, hi, H⟩ => ⟨f i, hf₀ i hi, fun x hx => H (le_of_lt hx.out)⟩ #align emetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le theorem uniformity_basis_edist_le : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 ≤ ε } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le (fun _ => id) fun ε ε₀ => ⟨ε, ε₀, le_refl ε⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_le uniformity_basis_edist_le theorem uniformity_basis_edist' (ε' : ℝ≥0∞) (hε' : 0 < ε') : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => ε ∈ Ioo 0 ε') fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis (fun _ => And.left) fun ε ε₀ => let ⟨δ, hδ⟩ := exists_between hε' ⟨min ε δ, ⟨lt_min ε₀ hδ.1, lt_of_le_of_lt (min_le_right _ _) hδ.2⟩, min_le_left _ _⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist' uniformity_basis_edist' theorem uniformity_basis_edist_le' (ε' : ℝ≥0∞) (hε' : 0 < ε') : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => ε ∈ Ioo 0 ε') fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 ≤ ε } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le (fun _ => And.left) fun ε ε₀ => let ⟨δ, hδ⟩ := exists_between hε' ⟨min ε δ, ⟨lt_min ε₀ hδ.1, lt_of_le_of_lt (min_le_right _ _) hδ.2⟩, min_le_left _ _⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_le' uniformity_basis_edist_le' theorem uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0 => 0 < ε) fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis (fun _ => ENNReal.coe_pos.2) fun _ε ε₀ => let ⟨δ, hδ⟩ := ENNReal.lt_iff_exists_nnreal_btwn.1 ε₀ ⟨δ, ENNReal.coe_pos.1 hδ.1, le_of_lt hδ.2⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal theorem uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal_le : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0 => 0 < ε) fun ε => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 ≤ ε } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis_le (fun _ => ENNReal.coe_pos.2) fun _ε ε₀ => let ⟨δ, hδ⟩ := ENNReal.lt_iff_exists_nnreal_btwn.1 ε₀ ⟨δ, ENNReal.coe_pos.1 hδ.1, le_of_lt hδ.2⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal_le uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal_le theorem uniformity_basis_edist_inv_nat : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun _ => True) fun n : ℕ => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < (↑n)⁻¹ } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis (fun n _ ↦ ENNReal.inv_pos.2 <| ENNReal.natCast_ne_top n) fun _ε ε₀ ↦ let ⟨n, hn⟩ := ENNReal.exists_inv_nat_lt (ne_of_gt ε₀) ⟨n, trivial, le_of_lt hn⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_inv_nat uniformity_basis_edist_inv_nat theorem uniformity_basis_edist_inv_two_pow : (𝓤 α).HasBasis (fun _ => True) fun n : ℕ => { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < 2⁻¹ ^ n } := EMetric.mk_uniformity_basis (fun _ _ => ENNReal.pow_pos (ENNReal.inv_pos.2 ENNReal.two_ne_top) _) fun _ε ε₀ => let ⟨n, hn⟩ := ENNReal.exists_inv_two_pow_lt (ne_of_gt ε₀) ⟨n, trivial, le_of_lt hn⟩ #align uniformity_basis_edist_inv_two_pow uniformity_basis_edist_inv_two_pow theorem edist_mem_uniformity {ε : ℝ≥0∞} (ε0 : 0 < ε) : { p : α × α | edist p.1 p.2 < ε } ∈ 𝓤 α := mem_uniformity_edist.2 ⟨ε, ε0, id⟩ #align edist_mem_uniformity edist_mem_uniformity open EMetric def PseudoEMetricSpace.replaceUniformity {α} [U : UniformSpace α] (m : PseudoEMetricSpace α) (H : 𝓤[U] = 𝓤[PseudoEMetricSpace.toUniformSpace]) : PseudoEMetricSpace α where edist := @edist _ m.toEDist edist_self := edist_self edist_comm := edist_comm edist_triangle := edist_triangle toUniformSpace := U uniformity_edist := H.trans (@PseudoEMetricSpace.uniformity_edist α _) #align pseudo_emetric_space.replace_uniformity PseudoEMetricSpace.replaceUniformity def PseudoEMetricSpace.induced {α β} (f : α → β) (m : PseudoEMetricSpace β) : PseudoEMetricSpace α where edist x y := edist (f x) (f y) edist_self _ := edist_self _ edist_comm _ _ := edist_comm _ _ edist_triangle _ _ _ := edist_triangle _ _ _ toUniformSpace := UniformSpace.comap f m.toUniformSpace uniformity_edist := (uniformity_basis_edist.comap (Prod.map f f)).eq_biInf #align pseudo_emetric_space.induced PseudoEMetricSpace.induced instance {α : Type*} {p : α → Prop} [PseudoEMetricSpace α] : PseudoEMetricSpace (Subtype p) := PseudoEMetricSpace.induced Subtype.val ‹_› theorem Subtype.edist_eq {p : α → Prop} (x y : Subtype p) : edist x y = edist (x : α) y := rfl #align subtype.edist_eq Subtype.edist_eq instance Prod.pseudoEMetricSpaceMax [PseudoEMetricSpace β] : PseudoEMetricSpace (α × β) where edist x y := edist x.1 y.1 ⊔ edist x.2 y.2 edist_self x := by simp edist_comm x y := by simp [edist_comm] edist_triangle x y z := max_le (le_trans (edist_triangle _ _ _) (add_le_add (le_max_left _ _) (le_max_left _ _))) (le_trans (edist_triangle _ _ _) (add_le_add (le_max_right _ _) (le_max_right _ _))) uniformity_edist := uniformity_prod.trans <| by simp [PseudoEMetricSpace.uniformity_edist, ← iInf_inf_eq, setOf_and] toUniformSpace := inferInstance #align prod.pseudo_emetric_space_max Prod.pseudoEMetricSpaceMax theorem Prod.edist_eq [PseudoEMetricSpace β] (x y : α × β) : edist x y = max (edist x.1 y.1) (edist x.2 y.2) := rfl #align prod.edist_eq Prod.edist_eq namespace EMetric variable {x y z : α} {ε ε₁ ε₂ : ℝ≥0∞} {s t : Set α} def ball (x : α) (ε : ℝ≥0∞) : Set α := { y | edist y x < ε } #align emetric.ball EMetric.ball @[simp] theorem mem_ball : y ∈ ball x ε ↔ edist y x < ε := Iff.rfl #align emetric.mem_ball EMetric.mem_ball theorem mem_ball' : y ∈ ball x ε ↔ edist x y < ε := by rw [edist_comm, mem_ball] #align emetric.mem_ball' EMetric.mem_ball' def closedBall (x : α) (ε : ℝ≥0∞) := { y | edist y x ≤ ε } #align emetric.closed_ball EMetric.closedBall @[simp] theorem mem_closedBall : y ∈ closedBall x ε ↔ edist y x ≤ ε := Iff.rfl #align emetric.mem_closed_ball EMetric.mem_closedBall theorem mem_closedBall' : y ∈ closedBall x ε ↔ edist x y ≤ ε := by rw [edist_comm, mem_closedBall] #align emetric.mem_closed_ball' EMetric.mem_closedBall' @[simp] theorem closedBall_top (x : α) : closedBall x ∞ = univ := eq_univ_of_forall fun _ => mem_setOf.2 le_top #align emetric.closed_ball_top EMetric.closedBall_top theorem ball_subset_closedBall : ball x ε ⊆ closedBall x ε := fun _ h => le_of_lt h.out #align emetric.ball_subset_closed_ball EMetric.ball_subset_closedBall theorem pos_of_mem_ball (hy : y ∈ ball x ε) : 0 < ε := lt_of_le_of_lt (zero_le _) hy #align emetric.pos_of_mem_ball EMetric.pos_of_mem_ball theorem mem_ball_self (h : 0 < ε) : x ∈ ball x ε := by rwa [mem_ball, edist_self] #align emetric.mem_ball_self EMetric.mem_ball_self theorem mem_closedBall_self : x ∈ closedBall x ε := by rw [mem_closedBall, edist_self]; apply zero_le #align emetric.mem_closed_ball_self EMetric.mem_closedBall_self theorem mem_ball_comm : x ∈ ball y ε ↔ y ∈ ball x ε := by rw [mem_ball', mem_ball] #align emetric.mem_ball_comm EMetric.mem_ball_comm theorem mem_closedBall_comm : x ∈ closedBall y ε ↔ y ∈ closedBall x ε := by rw [mem_closedBall', mem_closedBall] #align emetric.mem_closed_ball_comm EMetric.mem_closedBall_comm @[gcongr] theorem ball_subset_ball (h : ε₁ ≤ ε₂) : ball x ε₁ ⊆ ball x ε₂ := fun _y (yx : _ < ε₁) => lt_of_lt_of_le yx h #align emetric.ball_subset_ball EMetric.ball_subset_ball @[gcongr] theorem closedBall_subset_closedBall (h : ε₁ ≤ ε₂) : closedBall x ε₁ ⊆ closedBall x ε₂ := fun _y (yx : _ ≤ ε₁) => le_trans yx h #align emetric.closed_ball_subset_closed_ball EMetric.closedBall_subset_closedBall theorem ball_disjoint (h : ε₁ + ε₂ ≤ edist x y) : Disjoint (ball x ε₁) (ball y ε₂) := Set.disjoint_left.mpr fun z h₁ h₂ => (edist_triangle_left x y z).not_lt <| (ENNReal.add_lt_add h₁ h₂).trans_le h #align emetric.ball_disjoint EMetric.ball_disjoint theorem ball_subset (h : edist x y + ε₁ ≤ ε₂) (h' : edist x y ≠ ∞) : ball x ε₁ ⊆ ball y ε₂ := fun z zx => calc edist z y ≤ edist z x + edist x y := edist_triangle _ _ _ _ = edist x y + edist z x := add_comm _ _ _ < edist x y + ε₁ := ENNReal.add_lt_add_left h' zx _ ≤ ε₂ := h #align emetric.ball_subset EMetric.ball_subset theorem exists_ball_subset_ball (h : y ∈ ball x ε) : ∃ ε' > 0, ball y ε' ⊆ ball x ε := by have : 0 < ε - edist y x := by simpa using h refine ⟨ε - edist y x, this, ball_subset ?_ (ne_top_of_lt h)⟩ exact (add_tsub_cancel_of_le (mem_ball.mp h).le).le #align emetric.exists_ball_subset_ball EMetric.exists_ball_subset_ball theorem ball_eq_empty_iff : ball x ε = ∅ ↔ ε = 0 := eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem.trans ⟨fun h => le_bot_iff.1 (le_of_not_gt fun ε0 => h _ (mem_ball_self ε0)), fun ε0 _ h => not_lt_of_le (le_of_eq ε0) (pos_of_mem_ball h)⟩ #align emetric.ball_eq_empty_iff EMetric.ball_eq_empty_iff theorem ordConnected_setOf_closedBall_subset (x : α) (s : Set α) : OrdConnected { r | closedBall x r ⊆ s } := ⟨fun _ _ _ h₁ _ h₂ => (closedBall_subset_closedBall h₂.2).trans h₁⟩ #align emetric.ord_connected_set_of_closed_ball_subset EMetric.ordConnected_setOf_closedBall_subset theorem ordConnected_setOf_ball_subset (x : α) (s : Set α) : OrdConnected { r | ball x r ⊆ s } := ⟨fun _ _ _ h₁ _ h₂ => (ball_subset_ball h₂.2).trans h₁⟩ #align emetric.ord_connected_set_of_ball_subset EMetric.ordConnected_setOf_ball_subset def edistLtTopSetoid : Setoid α where r x y := edist x y < ⊤ iseqv := ⟨fun x => by rw [edist_self]; exact ENNReal.coe_lt_top, fun h => by rwa [edist_comm], fun hxy hyz => lt_of_le_of_lt (edist_triangle _ _ _) (ENNReal.add_lt_top.2 ⟨hxy, hyz⟩)⟩ #align emetric.edist_lt_top_setoid EMetric.edistLtTopSetoid @[simp] theorem ball_zero : ball x 0 = ∅ := by rw [EMetric.ball_eq_empty_iff] #align emetric.ball_zero EMetric.ball_zero theorem nhds_basis_eball : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) (ball x) := nhds_basis_uniformity uniformity_basis_edist #align emetric.nhds_basis_eball EMetric.nhds_basis_eball theorem nhdsWithin_basis_eball : (𝓝[s] x).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) fun ε => ball x ε ∩ s := nhdsWithin_hasBasis nhds_basis_eball s #align emetric.nhds_within_basis_eball EMetric.nhdsWithin_basis_eball theorem nhds_basis_closed_eball : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) (closedBall x) := nhds_basis_uniformity uniformity_basis_edist_le #align emetric.nhds_basis_closed_eball EMetric.nhds_basis_closed_eball theorem nhdsWithin_basis_closed_eball : (𝓝[s] x).HasBasis (fun ε : ℝ≥0∞ => 0 < ε) fun ε => closedBall x ε ∩ s := nhdsWithin_hasBasis nhds_basis_closed_eball s #align emetric.nhds_within_basis_closed_eball EMetric.nhdsWithin_basis_closed_eball theorem nhds_eq : 𝓝 x = ⨅ ε > 0, 𝓟 (ball x ε) := nhds_basis_eball.eq_biInf #align emetric.nhds_eq EMetric.nhds_eq theorem mem_nhds_iff : s ∈ 𝓝 x ↔ ∃ ε > 0, ball x ε ⊆ s := nhds_basis_eball.mem_iff #align emetric.mem_nhds_iff EMetric.mem_nhds_iff theorem mem_nhdsWithin_iff : s ∈ 𝓝[t] x ↔ ∃ ε > 0, ball x ε ∩ t ⊆ s := nhdsWithin_basis_eball.mem_iff #align emetric.mem_nhds_within_iff EMetric.mem_nhdsWithin_iff section variable [PseudoEMetricSpace β] {f : α → β} theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_nhdsWithin {t : Set β} {a b} : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) (𝓝[t] b) ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ δ > 0, ∀ ⦃x⦄, x ∈ s → edist x a < δ → f x ∈ t ∧ edist (f x) b < ε := (nhdsWithin_basis_eball.tendsto_iff nhdsWithin_basis_eball).trans <| forall₂_congr fun ε _ => exists_congr fun δ => and_congr_right fun _ => forall_congr' fun x => by simp; tauto #align emetric.tendsto_nhds_within_nhds_within EMetric.tendsto_nhdsWithin_nhdsWithin theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_nhds {a b} : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) (𝓝 b) ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ δ > 0, ∀ {x : α}, x ∈ s → edist x a < δ → edist (f x) b < ε := by rw [← nhdsWithin_univ b, tendsto_nhdsWithin_nhdsWithin] simp only [mem_univ, true_and_iff] #align emetric.tendsto_nhds_within_nhds EMetric.tendsto_nhdsWithin_nhds theorem tendsto_nhds_nhds {a b} : Tendsto f (𝓝 a) (𝓝 b) ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ δ > 0, ∀ ⦃x⦄, edist x a < δ → edist (f x) b < ε := nhds_basis_eball.tendsto_iff nhds_basis_eball #align emetric.tendsto_nhds_nhds EMetric.tendsto_nhds_nhds end theorem isOpen_iff : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∃ ε > 0, ball x ε ⊆ s := by simp [isOpen_iff_nhds, mem_nhds_iff] #align emetric.is_open_iff EMetric.isOpen_iff theorem isOpen_ball : IsOpen (ball x ε) := isOpen_iff.2 fun _ => exists_ball_subset_ball #align emetric.is_open_ball EMetric.isOpen_ball theorem isClosed_ball_top : IsClosed (ball x ⊤) := isOpen_compl_iff.1 <| isOpen_iff.2 fun _y hy => ⟨⊤, ENNReal.coe_lt_top, fun _z hzy hzx => hy (edistLtTopSetoid.trans (edistLtTopSetoid.symm hzy) hzx)⟩ #align emetric.is_closed_ball_top EMetric.isClosed_ball_top theorem ball_mem_nhds (x : α) {ε : ℝ≥0∞} (ε0 : 0 < ε) : ball x ε ∈ 𝓝 x := isOpen_ball.mem_nhds (mem_ball_self ε0) #align emetric.ball_mem_nhds EMetric.ball_mem_nhds theorem closedBall_mem_nhds (x : α) {ε : ℝ≥0∞} (ε0 : 0 < ε) : closedBall x ε ∈ 𝓝 x := mem_of_superset (ball_mem_nhds x ε0) ball_subset_closedBall #align emetric.closed_ball_mem_nhds EMetric.closedBall_mem_nhds theorem ball_prod_same [PseudoEMetricSpace β] (x : α) (y : β) (r : ℝ≥0∞) : ball x r ×ˢ ball y r = ball (x, y) r := ext fun z => by simp [Prod.edist_eq] #align emetric.ball_prod_same EMetric.ball_prod_same theorem closedBall_prod_same [PseudoEMetricSpace β] (x : α) (y : β) (r : ℝ≥0∞) : closedBall x r ×ˢ closedBall y r = closedBall (x, y) r := ext fun z => by simp [Prod.edist_eq] #align emetric.closed_ball_prod_same EMetric.closedBall_prod_same theorem mem_closure_iff : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ y ∈ s, edist x y < ε := (mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis nhds_basis_eball).trans <| by simp only [mem_ball, edist_comm x] #align emetric.mem_closure_iff EMetric.mem_closure_iff theorem tendsto_nhds {f : Filter β} {u : β → α} {a : α} : Tendsto u f (𝓝 a) ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∀ᶠ x in f, edist (u x) a < ε := nhds_basis_eball.tendsto_right_iff #align emetric.tendsto_nhds EMetric.tendsto_nhds theorem tendsto_atTop [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} {a : α} : Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 a) ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ N, ∀ n ≥ N, edist (u n) a < ε := (atTop_basis.tendsto_iff nhds_basis_eball).trans <| by simp only [exists_prop, true_and_iff, mem_Ici, mem_ball] #align emetric.tendsto_at_top EMetric.tendsto_atTop theorem inseparable_iff : Inseparable x y ↔ edist x y = 0 := by simp [inseparable_iff_mem_closure, mem_closure_iff, edist_comm, forall_lt_iff_le'] #align emetric.inseparable_iff EMetric.inseparable_iff -- see Note [nolint_ge] theorem cauchySeq_iff [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ N, ∀ m, N ≤ m → ∀ n, N ≤ n → edist (u m) (u n) < ε := uniformity_basis_edist.cauchySeq_iff #align emetric.cauchy_seq_iff EMetric.cauchySeq_iff theorem cauchySeq_iff' [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ ε > (0 : ℝ≥0∞), ∃ N, ∀ n ≥ N, edist (u n) (u N) < ε := uniformity_basis_edist.cauchySeq_iff' #align emetric.cauchy_seq_iff' EMetric.cauchySeq_iff' theorem cauchySeq_iff_NNReal [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ ε : ℝ≥0, 0 < ε → ∃ N, ∀ n, N ≤ n → edist (u n) (u N) < ε := uniformity_basis_edist_nnreal.cauchySeq_iff' #align emetric.cauchy_seq_iff_nnreal EMetric.cauchySeq_iff_NNReal theorem totallyBounded_iff {s : Set α} : TotallyBounded s ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ t : Set α, t.Finite ∧ s ⊆ ⋃ y ∈ t, ball y ε := ⟨fun H _ε ε0 => H _ (edist_mem_uniformity ε0), fun H _r ru => let ⟨ε, ε0, hε⟩ := mem_uniformity_edist.1 ru let ⟨t, ft, h⟩ := H ε ε0 ⟨t, ft, h.trans <| iUnion₂_mono fun _ _ _ => hε⟩⟩ #align emetric.totally_bounded_iff EMetric.totallyBounded_iff theorem totallyBounded_iff' {s : Set α} : TotallyBounded s ↔ ∀ ε > 0, ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ Set.Finite t ∧ s ⊆ ⋃ y ∈ t, ball y ε := ⟨fun H _ε ε0 => (totallyBounded_iff_subset.1 H) _ (edist_mem_uniformity ε0), fun H _r ru => let ⟨ε, ε0, hε⟩ := mem_uniformity_edist.1 ru let ⟨t, _, ft, h⟩ := H ε ε0 ⟨t, ft, h.trans <| iUnion₂_mono fun _ _ _ => hε⟩⟩ #align emetric.totally_bounded_iff' EMetric.totallyBounded_iff' section Diam noncomputable def diam (s : Set α) := ⨆ (x ∈ s) (y ∈ s), edist x y #align emetric.diam EMetric.diam theorem diam_eq_sSup (s : Set α) : diam s = sSup (image2 edist s s) := sSup_image2.symm
Mathlib/Topology/EMetricSpace/Basic.lean
903
904
theorem diam_le_iff {d : ℝ≥0∞} : diam s ≤ d ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ s, edist x y ≤ d := by
simp only [diam, iSup_le_iff]
import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Combination import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Extreme #align_import analysis.convex.independent from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fefd8a38be7811574cd2ec2f77d3a393a407f112" open scoped Classical open Affine open Finset Function variable {𝕜 E ι : Type*} section OrderedSemiring variable (𝕜) [OrderedSemiring 𝕜] [AddCommGroup E] [Module 𝕜 E] {s t : Set E} def ConvexIndependent (p : ι → E) : Prop := ∀ (s : Set ι) (x : ι), p x ∈ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s) → x ∈ s #align convex_independent ConvexIndependent variable {𝕜} theorem Subsingleton.convexIndependent [Subsingleton ι] (p : ι → E) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p := by intro s x hx have : (convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s)).Nonempty := ⟨p x, hx⟩ rw [convexHull_nonempty_iff, Set.image_nonempty] at this rwa [Subsingleton.mem_iff_nonempty] #align subsingleton.convex_independent Subsingleton.convexIndependent protected theorem ConvexIndependent.injective {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : Function.Injective p := by refine fun i j hij => hc {j} i ?_ rw [hij, Set.image_singleton, convexHull_singleton] exact Set.mem_singleton _ #align convex_independent.injective ConvexIndependent.injective theorem ConvexIndependent.comp_embedding {ι' : Type*} (f : ι' ↪ ι) {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 (p ∘ f) := by intro s x hx rw [← f.injective.mem_set_image] exact hc _ _ (by rwa [Set.image_image]) #align convex_independent.comp_embedding ConvexIndependent.comp_embedding protected theorem ConvexIndependent.subtype {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) (s : Set ι) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 fun i : s => p i := hc.comp_embedding (Embedding.subtype _) #align convex_independent.subtype ConvexIndependent.subtype protected theorem ConvexIndependent.range {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : Set.range p → E) := by let f : Set.range p → ι := fun x => x.property.choose have hf : ∀ x, p (f x) = x := fun x => x.property.choose_spec let fe : Set.range p ↪ ι := ⟨f, fun x₁ x₂ he => Subtype.ext (hf x₁ ▸ hf x₂ ▸ he ▸ rfl)⟩ convert hc.comp_embedding fe ext rw [Embedding.coeFn_mk, comp_apply, hf] #align convex_independent.range ConvexIndependent.range protected theorem ConvexIndependent.mono {s t : Set E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : t → E)) (hs : s ⊆ t) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : s → E) := hc.comp_embedding (s.embeddingOfSubset t hs) #align convex_independent.mono ConvexIndependent.mono theorem Function.Injective.convexIndependent_iff_set {p : ι → E} (hi : Function.Injective p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : Set.range p → E) ↔ ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p := ⟨fun hc => hc.comp_embedding (⟨fun i => ⟨p i, Set.mem_range_self _⟩, fun _ _ h => hi (Subtype.mk_eq_mk.1 h)⟩ : ι ↪ Set.range p), ConvexIndependent.range⟩ #align function.injective.convex_independent_iff_set Function.Injective.convexIndependent_iff_set @[simp] protected theorem ConvexIndependent.mem_convexHull_iff {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) (s : Set ι) (i : ι) : p i ∈ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s) ↔ i ∈ s := ⟨hc _ _, fun hi => subset_convexHull 𝕜 _ (Set.mem_image_of_mem p hi)⟩ #align convex_independent.mem_convex_hull_iff ConvexIndependent.mem_convexHull_iff theorem convexIndependent_iff_not_mem_convexHull_diff {p : ι → E} : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p ↔ ∀ i s, p i ∉ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' (s \ {i})) := by refine ⟨fun hc i s h => ?_, fun h s i hi => ?_⟩ · rw [hc.mem_convexHull_iff] at h exact h.2 (Set.mem_singleton _) · by_contra H refine h i s ?_ rw [Set.diff_singleton_eq_self H] exact hi #align convex_independent_iff_not_mem_convex_hull_diff convexIndependent_iff_not_mem_convexHull_diff theorem convexIndependent_set_iff_inter_convexHull_subset {s : Set E} : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : s → E) ↔ ∀ t, t ⊆ s → s ∩ convexHull 𝕜 t ⊆ t := by constructor · rintro hc t h x ⟨hxs, hxt⟩ refine hc { x | ↑x ∈ t } ⟨x, hxs⟩ ?_ rw [Subtype.coe_image_of_subset h] exact hxt · intro hc t x h rw [← Subtype.coe_injective.mem_set_image] exact hc (t.image ((↑) : s → E)) (Subtype.coe_image_subset s t) ⟨x.prop, h⟩ #align convex_independent_set_iff_inter_convex_hull_subset convexIndependent_set_iff_inter_convexHull_subset
Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Independent.lean
158
166
theorem convexIndependent_set_iff_not_mem_convexHull_diff {s : Set E} : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : s → E) ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, x ∉ convexHull 𝕜 (s \ {x}) := by
rw [convexIndependent_set_iff_inter_convexHull_subset] constructor · rintro hs x hxs hx exact (hs _ Set.diff_subset ⟨hxs, hx⟩).2 (Set.mem_singleton _) · rintro hs t ht x ⟨hxs, hxt⟩ by_contra h exact hs _ hxs (convexHull_mono (Set.subset_diff_singleton ht h) hxt)
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Floor import Mathlib.Data.Rat.Cast.Order import Mathlib.Tactic.FieldSimp import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring #align_import data.rat.floor from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e1bccd6e40ae78370f01659715d3c948716e3b7e" open Int namespace Rat variable {α : Type*} [LinearOrderedField α] [FloorRing α] protected theorem floor_def' (a : ℚ) : a.floor = a.num / a.den := by rw [Rat.floor] split · next h => simp [h] · next => rfl protected theorem le_floor {z : ℤ} : ∀ {r : ℚ}, z ≤ Rat.floor r ↔ (z : ℚ) ≤ r | ⟨n, d, h, c⟩ => by simp only [Rat.floor_def'] rw [mk'_eq_divInt] have h' := Int.ofNat_lt.2 (Nat.pos_of_ne_zero h) conv => rhs rw [intCast_eq_divInt, Rat.divInt_le_divInt zero_lt_one h', mul_one] exact Int.le_ediv_iff_mul_le h' #align rat.le_floor Rat.le_floor instance : FloorRing ℚ := (FloorRing.ofFloor ℚ Rat.floor) fun _ _ => Rat.le_floor.symm protected theorem floor_def {q : ℚ} : ⌊q⌋ = q.num / q.den := Rat.floor_def' q #align rat.floor_def Rat.floor_def theorem floor_int_div_nat_eq_div {n : ℤ} {d : ℕ} : ⌊(↑n : ℚ) / (↑d : ℚ)⌋ = n / (↑d : ℤ) := by rw [Rat.floor_def] obtain rfl | hd := @eq_zero_or_pos _ _ d · simp set q := (n : ℚ) / d with q_eq obtain ⟨c, n_eq_c_mul_num, d_eq_c_mul_denom⟩ : ∃ c, n = c * q.num ∧ (d : ℤ) = c * q.den := by rw [q_eq] exact mod_cast @Rat.exists_eq_mul_div_num_and_eq_mul_div_den n d (mod_cast hd.ne') rw [n_eq_c_mul_num, d_eq_c_mul_denom] refine (Int.mul_ediv_mul_of_pos _ _ <| pos_of_mul_pos_left ?_ <| Int.natCast_nonneg q.den).symm rwa [← d_eq_c_mul_denom, Int.natCast_pos] #align rat.floor_int_div_nat_eq_div Rat.floor_int_div_nat_eq_div @[simp, norm_cast] theorem floor_cast (x : ℚ) : ⌊(x : α)⌋ = ⌊x⌋ := floor_eq_iff.2 (mod_cast floor_eq_iff.1 (Eq.refl ⌊x⌋)) #align rat.floor_cast Rat.floor_cast @[simp, norm_cast]
Mathlib/Data/Rat/Floor.lean
75
76
theorem ceil_cast (x : ℚ) : ⌈(x : α)⌉ = ⌈x⌉ := by
rw [← neg_inj, ← floor_neg, ← floor_neg, ← Rat.cast_neg, Rat.floor_cast]
import Mathlib.Topology.Maps import Mathlib.Topology.NhdsSet #align_import topology.constructions from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f7ebde7ee0d1505dfccac8644ae12371aa3c1c9f" noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Topology TopologicalSpace Set Filter Function universe u v variable {X : Type u} {Y : Type v} {Z W ε ζ : Type*} section Constructions instance instTopologicalSpaceSubtype {p : X → Prop} [t : TopologicalSpace X] : TopologicalSpace (Subtype p) := induced (↑) t instance {r : X → X → Prop} [t : TopologicalSpace X] : TopologicalSpace (Quot r) := coinduced (Quot.mk r) t instance instTopologicalSpaceQuotient {s : Setoid X} [t : TopologicalSpace X] : TopologicalSpace (Quotient s) := coinduced Quotient.mk' t instance instTopologicalSpaceProd [t₁ : TopologicalSpace X] [t₂ : TopologicalSpace Y] : TopologicalSpace (X × Y) := induced Prod.fst t₁ ⊓ induced Prod.snd t₂ instance instTopologicalSpaceSum [t₁ : TopologicalSpace X] [t₂ : TopologicalSpace Y] : TopologicalSpace (X ⊕ Y) := coinduced Sum.inl t₁ ⊔ coinduced Sum.inr t₂ instance instTopologicalSpaceSigma {ι : Type*} {X : ι → Type v} [t₂ : ∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] : TopologicalSpace (Sigma X) := ⨆ i, coinduced (Sigma.mk i) (t₂ i) instance Pi.topologicalSpace {ι : Type*} {Y : ι → Type v} [t₂ : (i : ι) → TopologicalSpace (Y i)] : TopologicalSpace ((i : ι) → Y i) := ⨅ i, induced (fun f => f i) (t₂ i) #align Pi.topological_space Pi.topologicalSpace instance ULift.topologicalSpace [t : TopologicalSpace X] : TopologicalSpace (ULift.{v, u} X) := t.induced ULift.down #align ulift.topological_space ULift.topologicalSpace section variable [TopologicalSpace X] open Additive Multiplicative instance : TopologicalSpace (Additive X) := ‹TopologicalSpace X› instance : TopologicalSpace (Multiplicative X) := ‹TopologicalSpace X› instance [DiscreteTopology X] : DiscreteTopology (Additive X) := ‹DiscreteTopology X› instance [DiscreteTopology X] : DiscreteTopology (Multiplicative X) := ‹DiscreteTopology X› theorem continuous_ofMul : Continuous (ofMul : X → Additive X) := continuous_id #align continuous_of_mul continuous_ofMul theorem continuous_toMul : Continuous (toMul : Additive X → X) := continuous_id #align continuous_to_mul continuous_toMul theorem continuous_ofAdd : Continuous (ofAdd : X → Multiplicative X) := continuous_id #align continuous_of_add continuous_ofAdd theorem continuous_toAdd : Continuous (toAdd : Multiplicative X → X) := continuous_id #align continuous_to_add continuous_toAdd theorem isOpenMap_ofMul : IsOpenMap (ofMul : X → Additive X) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_of_mul isOpenMap_ofMul theorem isOpenMap_toMul : IsOpenMap (toMul : Additive X → X) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_to_mul isOpenMap_toMul theorem isOpenMap_ofAdd : IsOpenMap (ofAdd : X → Multiplicative X) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_of_add isOpenMap_ofAdd theorem isOpenMap_toAdd : IsOpenMap (toAdd : Multiplicative X → X) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_to_add isOpenMap_toAdd theorem isClosedMap_ofMul : IsClosedMap (ofMul : X → Additive X) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_of_mul isClosedMap_ofMul theorem isClosedMap_toMul : IsClosedMap (toMul : Additive X → X) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_to_mul isClosedMap_toMul theorem isClosedMap_ofAdd : IsClosedMap (ofAdd : X → Multiplicative X) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_of_add isClosedMap_ofAdd theorem isClosedMap_toAdd : IsClosedMap (toAdd : Multiplicative X → X) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_to_add isClosedMap_toAdd theorem nhds_ofMul (x : X) : 𝓝 (ofMul x) = map ofMul (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_of_mul nhds_ofMul theorem nhds_ofAdd (x : X) : 𝓝 (ofAdd x) = map ofAdd (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_of_add nhds_ofAdd theorem nhds_toMul (x : Additive X) : 𝓝 (toMul x) = map toMul (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_to_mul nhds_toMul theorem nhds_toAdd (x : Multiplicative X) : 𝓝 (toAdd x) = map toAdd (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_to_add nhds_toAdd end section variable [TopologicalSpace X] open OrderDual instance : TopologicalSpace Xᵒᵈ := ‹TopologicalSpace X› instance [DiscreteTopology X] : DiscreteTopology Xᵒᵈ := ‹DiscreteTopology X› theorem continuous_toDual : Continuous (toDual : X → Xᵒᵈ) := continuous_id #align continuous_to_dual continuous_toDual theorem continuous_ofDual : Continuous (ofDual : Xᵒᵈ → X) := continuous_id #align continuous_of_dual continuous_ofDual theorem isOpenMap_toDual : IsOpenMap (toDual : X → Xᵒᵈ) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_to_dual isOpenMap_toDual theorem isOpenMap_ofDual : IsOpenMap (ofDual : Xᵒᵈ → X) := IsOpenMap.id #align is_open_map_of_dual isOpenMap_ofDual theorem isClosedMap_toDual : IsClosedMap (toDual : X → Xᵒᵈ) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_to_dual isClosedMap_toDual theorem isClosedMap_ofDual : IsClosedMap (ofDual : Xᵒᵈ → X) := IsClosedMap.id #align is_closed_map_of_dual isClosedMap_ofDual theorem nhds_toDual (x : X) : 𝓝 (toDual x) = map toDual (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_to_dual nhds_toDual theorem nhds_ofDual (x : X) : 𝓝 (ofDual x) = map ofDual (𝓝 x) := rfl #align nhds_of_dual nhds_ofDual end theorem Quotient.preimage_mem_nhds [TopologicalSpace X] [s : Setoid X] {V : Set <| Quotient s} {x : X} (hs : V ∈ 𝓝 (Quotient.mk' x)) : Quotient.mk' ⁻¹' V ∈ 𝓝 x := preimage_nhds_coinduced hs #align quotient.preimage_mem_nhds Quotient.preimage_mem_nhds theorem Dense.quotient [Setoid X] [TopologicalSpace X] {s : Set X} (H : Dense s) : Dense (Quotient.mk' '' s) := Quotient.surjective_Quotient_mk''.denseRange.dense_image continuous_coinduced_rng H #align dense.quotient Dense.quotient theorem DenseRange.quotient [Setoid X] [TopologicalSpace X] {f : Y → X} (hf : DenseRange f) : DenseRange (Quotient.mk' ∘ f) := Quotient.surjective_Quotient_mk''.denseRange.comp hf continuous_coinduced_rng #align dense_range.quotient DenseRange.quotient theorem continuous_map_of_le {α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {s t : Setoid α} (h : s ≤ t) : Continuous (Setoid.map_of_le h) := continuous_coinduced_rng theorem continuous_map_sInf {α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {S : Set (Setoid α)} {s : Setoid α} (h : s ∈ S) : Continuous (Setoid.map_sInf h) := continuous_coinduced_rng instance {p : X → Prop} [TopologicalSpace X] [DiscreteTopology X] : DiscreteTopology (Subtype p) := ⟨bot_unique fun s _ => ⟨(↑) '' s, isOpen_discrete _, preimage_image_eq _ Subtype.val_injective⟩⟩ instance Sum.discreteTopology [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [h : DiscreteTopology X] [hY : DiscreteTopology Y] : DiscreteTopology (X ⊕ Y) := ⟨sup_eq_bot_iff.2 <| by simp [h.eq_bot, hY.eq_bot]⟩ #align sum.discrete_topology Sum.discreteTopology instance Sigma.discreteTopology {ι : Type*} {Y : ι → Type v} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (Y i)] [h : ∀ i, DiscreteTopology (Y i)] : DiscreteTopology (Sigma Y) := ⟨iSup_eq_bot.2 fun _ => by simp only [(h _).eq_bot, coinduced_bot]⟩ #align sigma.discrete_topology Sigma.discreteTopology def CofiniteTopology (X : Type*) := X #align cofinite_topology CofiniteTopology section Prod variable [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [TopologicalSpace Z] [TopologicalSpace W] [TopologicalSpace ε] [TopologicalSpace ζ] -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: Lean 4 fails to deduce implicit args @[simp] theorem continuous_prod_mk {f : X → Y} {g : X → Z} : (Continuous fun x => (f x, g x)) ↔ Continuous f ∧ Continuous g := (@continuous_inf_rng X (Y × Z) _ _ (TopologicalSpace.induced Prod.fst _) (TopologicalSpace.induced Prod.snd _)).trans <| continuous_induced_rng.and continuous_induced_rng #align continuous_prod_mk continuous_prod_mk @[continuity] theorem continuous_fst : Continuous (@Prod.fst X Y) := (continuous_prod_mk.1 continuous_id).1 #align continuous_fst continuous_fst @[fun_prop] theorem Continuous.fst {f : X → Y × Z} (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun x : X => (f x).1 := continuous_fst.comp hf #align continuous.fst Continuous.fst theorem Continuous.fst' {f : X → Z} (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun x : X × Y => f x.fst := hf.comp continuous_fst #align continuous.fst' Continuous.fst' theorem continuousAt_fst {p : X × Y} : ContinuousAt Prod.fst p := continuous_fst.continuousAt #align continuous_at_fst continuousAt_fst @[fun_prop] theorem ContinuousAt.fst {f : X → Y × Z} {x : X} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X => (f x).1) x := continuousAt_fst.comp hf #align continuous_at.fst ContinuousAt.fst theorem ContinuousAt.fst' {f : X → Z} {x : X} {y : Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X × Y => f x.fst) (x, y) := ContinuousAt.comp hf continuousAt_fst #align continuous_at.fst' ContinuousAt.fst' theorem ContinuousAt.fst'' {f : X → Z} {x : X × Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f x.fst) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X × Y => f x.fst) x := hf.comp continuousAt_fst #align continuous_at.fst'' ContinuousAt.fst'' theorem Filter.Tendsto.fst_nhds {l : Filter X} {f : X → Y × Z} {p : Y × Z} (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝 p)) : Tendsto (fun a ↦ (f a).1) l (𝓝 <| p.1) := continuousAt_fst.tendsto.comp h @[continuity] theorem continuous_snd : Continuous (@Prod.snd X Y) := (continuous_prod_mk.1 continuous_id).2 #align continuous_snd continuous_snd @[fun_prop] theorem Continuous.snd {f : X → Y × Z} (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun x : X => (f x).2 := continuous_snd.comp hf #align continuous.snd Continuous.snd theorem Continuous.snd' {f : Y → Z} (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun x : X × Y => f x.snd := hf.comp continuous_snd #align continuous.snd' Continuous.snd' theorem continuousAt_snd {p : X × Y} : ContinuousAt Prod.snd p := continuous_snd.continuousAt #align continuous_at_snd continuousAt_snd @[fun_prop] theorem ContinuousAt.snd {f : X → Y × Z} {x : X} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X => (f x).2) x := continuousAt_snd.comp hf #align continuous_at.snd ContinuousAt.snd theorem ContinuousAt.snd' {f : Y → Z} {x : X} {y : Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f y) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X × Y => f x.snd) (x, y) := ContinuousAt.comp hf continuousAt_snd #align continuous_at.snd' ContinuousAt.snd' theorem ContinuousAt.snd'' {f : Y → Z} {x : X × Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f x.snd) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X × Y => f x.snd) x := hf.comp continuousAt_snd #align continuous_at.snd'' ContinuousAt.snd'' theorem Filter.Tendsto.snd_nhds {l : Filter X} {f : X → Y × Z} {p : Y × Z} (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝 p)) : Tendsto (fun a ↦ (f a).2) l (𝓝 <| p.2) := continuousAt_snd.tendsto.comp h @[continuity, fun_prop] theorem Continuous.prod_mk {f : Z → X} {g : Z → Y} (hf : Continuous f) (hg : Continuous g) : Continuous fun x => (f x, g x) := continuous_prod_mk.2 ⟨hf, hg⟩ #align continuous.prod_mk Continuous.prod_mk @[continuity] theorem Continuous.Prod.mk (x : X) : Continuous fun y : Y => (x, y) := continuous_const.prod_mk continuous_id #align continuous.prod.mk Continuous.Prod.mk @[continuity] theorem Continuous.Prod.mk_left (y : Y) : Continuous fun x : X => (x, y) := continuous_id.prod_mk continuous_const #align continuous.prod.mk_left Continuous.Prod.mk_left lemma IsClosed.setOf_mapsTo {α : Type*} {f : X → α → Z} {s : Set α} {t : Set Z} (ht : IsClosed t) (hf : ∀ a ∈ s, Continuous (f · a)) : IsClosed {x | MapsTo (f x) s t} := by simpa only [MapsTo, setOf_forall] using isClosed_biInter fun y hy ↦ ht.preimage (hf y hy) theorem Continuous.comp₂ {g : X × Y → Z} (hg : Continuous g) {e : W → X} (he : Continuous e) {f : W → Y} (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun w => g (e w, f w) := hg.comp <| he.prod_mk hf #align continuous.comp₂ Continuous.comp₂ theorem Continuous.comp₃ {g : X × Y × Z → ε} (hg : Continuous g) {e : W → X} (he : Continuous e) {f : W → Y} (hf : Continuous f) {k : W → Z} (hk : Continuous k) : Continuous fun w => g (e w, f w, k w) := hg.comp₂ he <| hf.prod_mk hk #align continuous.comp₃ Continuous.comp₃ theorem Continuous.comp₄ {g : X × Y × Z × ζ → ε} (hg : Continuous g) {e : W → X} (he : Continuous e) {f : W → Y} (hf : Continuous f) {k : W → Z} (hk : Continuous k) {l : W → ζ} (hl : Continuous l) : Continuous fun w => g (e w, f w, k w, l w) := hg.comp₃ he hf <| hk.prod_mk hl #align continuous.comp₄ Continuous.comp₄ @[continuity] theorem Continuous.prod_map {f : Z → X} {g : W → Y} (hf : Continuous f) (hg : Continuous g) : Continuous fun p : Z × W => (f p.1, g p.2) := hf.fst'.prod_mk hg.snd' #align continuous.prod_map Continuous.prod_map theorem continuous_inf_dom_left₂ {X Y Z} {f : X → Y → Z} {ta1 ta2 : TopologicalSpace X} {tb1 tb2 : TopologicalSpace Y} {tc1 : TopologicalSpace Z} (h : by haveI := ta1; haveI := tb1; exact Continuous fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2) : by haveI := ta1 ⊓ ta2; haveI := tb1 ⊓ tb2; exact Continuous fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2 := by have ha := @continuous_inf_dom_left _ _ id ta1 ta2 ta1 (@continuous_id _ (id _)) have hb := @continuous_inf_dom_left _ _ id tb1 tb2 tb1 (@continuous_id _ (id _)) have h_continuous_id := @Continuous.prod_map _ _ _ _ ta1 tb1 (ta1 ⊓ ta2) (tb1 ⊓ tb2) _ _ ha hb exact @Continuous.comp _ _ _ (id _) (id _) _ _ _ h h_continuous_id #align continuous_inf_dom_left₂ continuous_inf_dom_left₂ theorem continuous_inf_dom_right₂ {X Y Z} {f : X → Y → Z} {ta1 ta2 : TopologicalSpace X} {tb1 tb2 : TopologicalSpace Y} {tc1 : TopologicalSpace Z} (h : by haveI := ta2; haveI := tb2; exact Continuous fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2) : by haveI := ta1 ⊓ ta2; haveI := tb1 ⊓ tb2; exact Continuous fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2 := by have ha := @continuous_inf_dom_right _ _ id ta1 ta2 ta2 (@continuous_id _ (id _)) have hb := @continuous_inf_dom_right _ _ id tb1 tb2 tb2 (@continuous_id _ (id _)) have h_continuous_id := @Continuous.prod_map _ _ _ _ ta2 tb2 (ta1 ⊓ ta2) (tb1 ⊓ tb2) _ _ ha hb exact @Continuous.comp _ _ _ (id _) (id _) _ _ _ h h_continuous_id #align continuous_inf_dom_right₂ continuous_inf_dom_right₂ theorem continuous_sInf_dom₂ {X Y Z} {f : X → Y → Z} {tas : Set (TopologicalSpace X)} {tbs : Set (TopologicalSpace Y)} {tX : TopologicalSpace X} {tY : TopologicalSpace Y} {tc : TopologicalSpace Z} (hX : tX ∈ tas) (hY : tY ∈ tbs) (hf : Continuous fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2) : by haveI := sInf tas; haveI := sInf tbs; exact @Continuous _ _ _ tc fun p : X × Y => f p.1 p.2 := by have hX := continuous_sInf_dom hX continuous_id have hY := continuous_sInf_dom hY continuous_id have h_continuous_id := @Continuous.prod_map _ _ _ _ tX tY (sInf tas) (sInf tbs) _ _ hX hY exact @Continuous.comp _ _ _ (id _) (id _) _ _ _ hf h_continuous_id #align continuous_Inf_dom₂ continuous_sInf_dom₂ theorem Filter.Eventually.prod_inl_nhds {p : X → Prop} {x : X} (h : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, p x) (y : Y) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 (x, y), p (x : X × Y).1 := continuousAt_fst h #align filter.eventually.prod_inl_nhds Filter.Eventually.prod_inl_nhds theorem Filter.Eventually.prod_inr_nhds {p : Y → Prop} {y : Y} (h : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 y, p x) (x : X) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 (x, y), p (x : X × Y).2 := continuousAt_snd h #align filter.eventually.prod_inr_nhds Filter.Eventually.prod_inr_nhds theorem Filter.Eventually.prod_mk_nhds {px : X → Prop} {x} (hx : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, px x) {py : Y → Prop} {y} (hy : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 y, py y) : ∀ᶠ p in 𝓝 (x, y), px (p : X × Y).1 ∧ py p.2 := (hx.prod_inl_nhds y).and (hy.prod_inr_nhds x) #align filter.eventually.prod_mk_nhds Filter.Eventually.prod_mk_nhds theorem continuous_swap : Continuous (Prod.swap : X × Y → Y × X) := continuous_snd.prod_mk continuous_fst #align continuous_swap continuous_swap lemma isClosedMap_swap : IsClosedMap (Prod.swap : X × Y → Y × X) := fun s hs ↦ by rw [image_swap_eq_preimage_swap] exact hs.preimage continuous_swap theorem Continuous.uncurry_left {f : X → Y → Z} (x : X) (h : Continuous (uncurry f)) : Continuous (f x) := h.comp (Continuous.Prod.mk _) #align continuous_uncurry_left Continuous.uncurry_left theorem Continuous.uncurry_right {f : X → Y → Z} (y : Y) (h : Continuous (uncurry f)) : Continuous fun a => f a y := h.comp (Continuous.Prod.mk_left _) #align continuous_uncurry_right Continuous.uncurry_right -- 2024-03-09 @[deprecated] alias continuous_uncurry_left := Continuous.uncurry_left @[deprecated] alias continuous_uncurry_right := Continuous.uncurry_right theorem continuous_curry {g : X × Y → Z} (x : X) (h : Continuous g) : Continuous (curry g x) := Continuous.uncurry_left x h #align continuous_curry continuous_curry theorem IsOpen.prod {s : Set X} {t : Set Y} (hs : IsOpen s) (ht : IsOpen t) : IsOpen (s ×ˢ t) := (hs.preimage continuous_fst).inter (ht.preimage continuous_snd) #align is_open.prod IsOpen.prod -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: Lean fails to find `t₁` and `t₂` by unification theorem nhds_prod_eq {x : X} {y : Y} : 𝓝 (x, y) = 𝓝 x ×ˢ 𝓝 y := by dsimp only [SProd.sprod] rw [Filter.prod, instTopologicalSpaceProd, nhds_inf (t₁ := TopologicalSpace.induced Prod.fst _) (t₂ := TopologicalSpace.induced Prod.snd _), nhds_induced, nhds_induced] #align nhds_prod_eq nhds_prod_eq -- Porting note: moved from `Topology.ContinuousOn` theorem nhdsWithin_prod_eq (x : X) (y : Y) (s : Set X) (t : Set Y) : 𝓝[s ×ˢ t] (x, y) = 𝓝[s] x ×ˢ 𝓝[t] y := by simp only [nhdsWithin, nhds_prod_eq, ← prod_inf_prod, prod_principal_principal] #align nhds_within_prod_eq nhdsWithin_prod_eq #noalign continuous_uncurry_of_discrete_topology theorem mem_nhds_prod_iff {x : X} {y : Y} {s : Set (X × Y)} : s ∈ 𝓝 (x, y) ↔ ∃ u ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ v ∈ 𝓝 y, u ×ˢ v ⊆ s := by rw [nhds_prod_eq, mem_prod_iff] #align mem_nhds_prod_iff mem_nhds_prod_iff theorem mem_nhdsWithin_prod_iff {x : X} {y : Y} {s : Set (X × Y)} {tx : Set X} {ty : Set Y} : s ∈ 𝓝[tx ×ˢ ty] (x, y) ↔ ∃ u ∈ 𝓝[tx] x, ∃ v ∈ 𝓝[ty] y, u ×ˢ v ⊆ s := by rw [nhdsWithin_prod_eq, mem_prod_iff] -- Porting note: moved up theorem Filter.HasBasis.prod_nhds {ιX ιY : Type*} {px : ιX → Prop} {py : ιY → Prop} {sx : ιX → Set X} {sy : ιY → Set Y} {x : X} {y : Y} (hx : (𝓝 x).HasBasis px sx) (hy : (𝓝 y).HasBasis py sy) : (𝓝 (x, y)).HasBasis (fun i : ιX × ιY => px i.1 ∧ py i.2) fun i => sx i.1 ×ˢ sy i.2 := by rw [nhds_prod_eq] exact hx.prod hy #align filter.has_basis.prod_nhds Filter.HasBasis.prod_nhds -- Porting note: moved up theorem Filter.HasBasis.prod_nhds' {ιX ιY : Type*} {pX : ιX → Prop} {pY : ιY → Prop} {sx : ιX → Set X} {sy : ιY → Set Y} {p : X × Y} (hx : (𝓝 p.1).HasBasis pX sx) (hy : (𝓝 p.2).HasBasis pY sy) : (𝓝 p).HasBasis (fun i : ιX × ιY => pX i.1 ∧ pY i.2) fun i => sx i.1 ×ˢ sy i.2 := hx.prod_nhds hy #align filter.has_basis.prod_nhds' Filter.HasBasis.prod_nhds' theorem mem_nhds_prod_iff' {x : X} {y : Y} {s : Set (X × Y)} : s ∈ 𝓝 (x, y) ↔ ∃ u v, IsOpen u ∧ x ∈ u ∧ IsOpen v ∧ y ∈ v ∧ u ×ˢ v ⊆ s := ((nhds_basis_opens x).prod_nhds (nhds_basis_opens y)).mem_iff.trans <| by simp only [Prod.exists, and_comm, and_assoc, and_left_comm] #align mem_nhds_prod_iff' mem_nhds_prod_iff' theorem Prod.tendsto_iff {X} (seq : X → Y × Z) {f : Filter X} (p : Y × Z) : Tendsto seq f (𝓝 p) ↔ Tendsto (fun n => (seq n).fst) f (𝓝 p.fst) ∧ Tendsto (fun n => (seq n).snd) f (𝓝 p.snd) := by rw [nhds_prod_eq, Filter.tendsto_prod_iff'] #align prod.tendsto_iff Prod.tendsto_iff instance [DiscreteTopology X] [DiscreteTopology Y] : DiscreteTopology (X × Y) := discreteTopology_iff_nhds.2 fun (a, b) => by rw [nhds_prod_eq, nhds_discrete X, nhds_discrete Y, prod_pure_pure] theorem prod_mem_nhds_iff {s : Set X} {t : Set Y} {x : X} {y : Y} : s ×ˢ t ∈ 𝓝 (x, y) ↔ s ∈ 𝓝 x ∧ t ∈ 𝓝 y := by rw [nhds_prod_eq, prod_mem_prod_iff] #align prod_mem_nhds_iff prod_mem_nhds_iff theorem prod_mem_nhds {s : Set X} {t : Set Y} {x : X} {y : Y} (hx : s ∈ 𝓝 x) (hy : t ∈ 𝓝 y) : s ×ˢ t ∈ 𝓝 (x, y) := prod_mem_nhds_iff.2 ⟨hx, hy⟩ #align prod_mem_nhds prod_mem_nhds theorem isOpen_setOf_disjoint_nhds_nhds : IsOpen { p : X × X | Disjoint (𝓝 p.1) (𝓝 p.2) } := by simp only [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds, Prod.forall, mem_setOf_eq] intro x y h obtain ⟨U, hU, V, hV, hd⟩ := ((nhds_basis_opens x).disjoint_iff (nhds_basis_opens y)).mp h exact mem_nhds_prod_iff'.mpr ⟨U, V, hU.2, hU.1, hV.2, hV.1, fun ⟨x', y'⟩ ⟨hx', hy'⟩ => disjoint_of_disjoint_of_mem hd (hU.2.mem_nhds hx') (hV.2.mem_nhds hy')⟩ #align is_open_set_of_disjoint_nhds_nhds isOpen_setOf_disjoint_nhds_nhds theorem Filter.Eventually.prod_nhds {p : X → Prop} {q : Y → Prop} {x : X} {y : Y} (hx : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, p x) (hy : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 y, q y) : ∀ᶠ z : X × Y in 𝓝 (x, y), p z.1 ∧ q z.2 := prod_mem_nhds hx hy #align filter.eventually.prod_nhds Filter.Eventually.prod_nhds theorem nhds_swap (x : X) (y : Y) : 𝓝 (x, y) = (𝓝 (y, x)).map Prod.swap := by rw [nhds_prod_eq, Filter.prod_comm, nhds_prod_eq]; rfl #align nhds_swap nhds_swap theorem Filter.Tendsto.prod_mk_nhds {γ} {x : X} {y : Y} {f : Filter γ} {mx : γ → X} {my : γ → Y} (hx : Tendsto mx f (𝓝 x)) (hy : Tendsto my f (𝓝 y)) : Tendsto (fun c => (mx c, my c)) f (𝓝 (x, y)) := by rw [nhds_prod_eq]; exact Filter.Tendsto.prod_mk hx hy #align filter.tendsto.prod_mk_nhds Filter.Tendsto.prod_mk_nhds theorem Filter.Eventually.curry_nhds {p : X × Y → Prop} {x : X} {y : Y} (h : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 (x, y), p x) : ∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝 x, ∀ᶠ y' in 𝓝 y, p (x', y') := by rw [nhds_prod_eq] at h exact h.curry #align filter.eventually.curry_nhds Filter.Eventually.curry_nhds @[fun_prop] theorem ContinuousAt.prod {f : X → Y} {g : X → Z} {x : X} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (hg : ContinuousAt g x) : ContinuousAt (fun x => (f x, g x)) x := hf.prod_mk_nhds hg #align continuous_at.prod ContinuousAt.prod theorem ContinuousAt.prod_map {f : X → Z} {g : Y → W} {p : X × Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f p.fst) (hg : ContinuousAt g p.snd) : ContinuousAt (fun p : X × Y => (f p.1, g p.2)) p := hf.fst''.prod hg.snd'' #align continuous_at.prod_map ContinuousAt.prod_map theorem ContinuousAt.prod_map' {f : X → Z} {g : Y → W} {x : X} {y : Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (hg : ContinuousAt g y) : ContinuousAt (fun p : X × Y => (f p.1, g p.2)) (x, y) := hf.fst'.prod hg.snd' #align continuous_at.prod_map' ContinuousAt.prod_map' theorem ContinuousAt.comp₂ {f : Y × Z → W} {g : X → Y} {h : X → Z} {x : X} (hf : ContinuousAt f (g x, h x)) (hg : ContinuousAt g x) (hh : ContinuousAt h x) : ContinuousAt (fun x ↦ f (g x, h x)) x := ContinuousAt.comp hf (hg.prod hh) theorem ContinuousAt.comp₂_of_eq {f : Y × Z → W} {g : X → Y} {h : X → Z} {x : X} {y : Y × Z} (hf : ContinuousAt f y) (hg : ContinuousAt g x) (hh : ContinuousAt h x) (e : (g x, h x) = y) : ContinuousAt (fun x ↦ f (g x, h x)) x := by rw [← e] at hf exact hf.comp₂ hg hh theorem Continuous.curry_left {f : X × Y → Z} (hf : Continuous f) {y : Y} : Continuous fun x ↦ f (x, y) := hf.comp (continuous_id.prod_mk continuous_const) alias Continuous.along_fst := Continuous.curry_left theorem Continuous.curry_right {f : X × Y → Z} (hf : Continuous f) {x : X} : Continuous fun y ↦ f (x, y) := hf.comp (continuous_const.prod_mk continuous_id) alias Continuous.along_snd := Continuous.curry_right -- todo: prove a version of `generateFrom_union` with `image2 (∩) s t` in the LHS and use it here theorem prod_generateFrom_generateFrom_eq {X Y : Type*} {s : Set (Set X)} {t : Set (Set Y)} (hs : ⋃₀ s = univ) (ht : ⋃₀ t = univ) : @instTopologicalSpaceProd X Y (generateFrom s) (generateFrom t) = generateFrom (image2 (· ×ˢ ·) s t) := let G := generateFrom (image2 (· ×ˢ ·) s t) le_antisymm (le_generateFrom fun g ⟨u, hu, v, hv, g_eq⟩ => g_eq.symm ▸ @IsOpen.prod _ _ (generateFrom s) (generateFrom t) _ _ (GenerateOpen.basic _ hu) (GenerateOpen.basic _ hv)) (le_inf (coinduced_le_iff_le_induced.mp <| le_generateFrom fun u hu => have : ⋃ v ∈ t, u ×ˢ v = Prod.fst ⁻¹' u := by simp_rw [← prod_iUnion, ← sUnion_eq_biUnion, ht, prod_univ] show G.IsOpen (Prod.fst ⁻¹' u) by rw [← this] exact isOpen_iUnion fun v => isOpen_iUnion fun hv => GenerateOpen.basic _ ⟨_, hu, _, hv, rfl⟩) (coinduced_le_iff_le_induced.mp <| le_generateFrom fun v hv => have : ⋃ u ∈ s, u ×ˢ v = Prod.snd ⁻¹' v := by simp_rw [← iUnion_prod_const, ← sUnion_eq_biUnion, hs, univ_prod] show G.IsOpen (Prod.snd ⁻¹' v) by rw [← this] exact isOpen_iUnion fun u => isOpen_iUnion fun hu => GenerateOpen.basic _ ⟨_, hu, _, hv, rfl⟩)) #align prod_generate_from_generate_from_eq prod_generateFrom_generateFrom_eq -- todo: use the previous lemma? theorem prod_eq_generateFrom : instTopologicalSpaceProd = generateFrom { g | ∃ (s : Set X) (t : Set Y), IsOpen s ∧ IsOpen t ∧ g = s ×ˢ t } := le_antisymm (le_generateFrom fun g ⟨s, t, hs, ht, g_eq⟩ => g_eq.symm ▸ hs.prod ht) (le_inf (forall_mem_image.2 fun t ht => GenerateOpen.basic _ ⟨t, univ, by simpa [Set.prod_eq] using ht⟩) (forall_mem_image.2 fun t ht => GenerateOpen.basic _ ⟨univ, t, by simpa [Set.prod_eq] using ht⟩)) #align prod_eq_generate_from prod_eq_generateFrom -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: align with `mem_nhds_prod_iff'` theorem isOpen_prod_iff {s : Set (X × Y)} : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ a b, (a, b) ∈ s → ∃ u v, IsOpen u ∧ IsOpen v ∧ a ∈ u ∧ b ∈ v ∧ u ×ˢ v ⊆ s := isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.trans <| by simp_rw [Prod.forall, mem_nhds_prod_iff', and_left_comm] #align is_open_prod_iff isOpen_prod_iff theorem prod_induced_induced (f : X → Y) (g : Z → W) : @instTopologicalSpaceProd X Z (induced f ‹_›) (induced g ‹_›) = induced (fun p => (f p.1, g p.2)) instTopologicalSpaceProd := by delta instTopologicalSpaceProd simp_rw [induced_inf, induced_compose] rfl #align prod_induced_induced prod_induced_induced #noalign continuous_uncurry_of_discrete_topology_left theorem exists_nhds_square {s : Set (X × X)} {x : X} (hx : s ∈ 𝓝 (x, x)) : ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ x ∈ U ∧ U ×ˢ U ⊆ s := by simpa [nhds_prod_eq, (nhds_basis_opens x).prod_self.mem_iff, and_assoc, and_left_comm] using hx #align exists_nhds_square exists_nhds_square theorem map_fst_nhdsWithin (x : X × Y) : map Prod.fst (𝓝[Prod.snd ⁻¹' {x.2}] x) = 𝓝 x.1 := by refine le_antisymm (continuousAt_fst.mono_left inf_le_left) fun s hs => ?_ rcases x with ⟨x, y⟩ rw [mem_map, nhdsWithin, mem_inf_principal, mem_nhds_prod_iff] at hs rcases hs with ⟨u, hu, v, hv, H⟩ simp only [prod_subset_iff, mem_singleton_iff, mem_setOf_eq, mem_preimage] at H exact mem_of_superset hu fun z hz => H _ hz _ (mem_of_mem_nhds hv) rfl #align map_fst_nhds_within map_fst_nhdsWithin @[simp] theorem map_fst_nhds (x : X × Y) : map Prod.fst (𝓝 x) = 𝓝 x.1 := le_antisymm continuousAt_fst <| (map_fst_nhdsWithin x).symm.trans_le (map_mono inf_le_left) #align map_fst_nhds map_fst_nhds theorem isOpenMap_fst : IsOpenMap (@Prod.fst X Y) := isOpenMap_iff_nhds_le.2 fun x => (map_fst_nhds x).ge #align is_open_map_fst isOpenMap_fst theorem map_snd_nhdsWithin (x : X × Y) : map Prod.snd (𝓝[Prod.fst ⁻¹' {x.1}] x) = 𝓝 x.2 := by refine le_antisymm (continuousAt_snd.mono_left inf_le_left) fun s hs => ?_ rcases x with ⟨x, y⟩ rw [mem_map, nhdsWithin, mem_inf_principal, mem_nhds_prod_iff] at hs rcases hs with ⟨u, hu, v, hv, H⟩ simp only [prod_subset_iff, mem_singleton_iff, mem_setOf_eq, mem_preimage] at H exact mem_of_superset hv fun z hz => H _ (mem_of_mem_nhds hu) _ hz rfl #align map_snd_nhds_within map_snd_nhdsWithin @[simp] theorem map_snd_nhds (x : X × Y) : map Prod.snd (𝓝 x) = 𝓝 x.2 := le_antisymm continuousAt_snd <| (map_snd_nhdsWithin x).symm.trans_le (map_mono inf_le_left) #align map_snd_nhds map_snd_nhds theorem isOpenMap_snd : IsOpenMap (@Prod.snd X Y) := isOpenMap_iff_nhds_le.2 fun x => (map_snd_nhds x).ge #align is_open_map_snd isOpenMap_snd theorem isOpen_prod_iff' {s : Set X} {t : Set Y} : IsOpen (s ×ˢ t) ↔ IsOpen s ∧ IsOpen t ∨ s = ∅ ∨ t = ∅ := by rcases (s ×ˢ t).eq_empty_or_nonempty with h | h · simp [h, prod_eq_empty_iff.1 h] · have st : s.Nonempty ∧ t.Nonempty := prod_nonempty_iff.1 h constructor · intro (H : IsOpen (s ×ˢ t)) refine Or.inl ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · show IsOpen s rw [← fst_image_prod s st.2] exact isOpenMap_fst _ H · show IsOpen t rw [← snd_image_prod st.1 t] exact isOpenMap_snd _ H · intro H simp only [st.1.ne_empty, st.2.ne_empty, not_false_iff, or_false_iff] at H exact H.1.prod H.2 #align is_open_prod_iff' isOpen_prod_iff' theorem closure_prod_eq {s : Set X} {t : Set Y} : closure (s ×ˢ t) = closure s ×ˢ closure t := ext fun ⟨a, b⟩ => by simp_rw [mem_prod, mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot, nhdsWithin_prod_eq, prod_neBot] #align closure_prod_eq closure_prod_eq theorem interior_prod_eq (s : Set X) (t : Set Y) : interior (s ×ˢ t) = interior s ×ˢ interior t := ext fun ⟨a, b⟩ => by simp only [mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds, mem_prod, prod_mem_nhds_iff] #align interior_prod_eq interior_prod_eq theorem frontier_prod_eq (s : Set X) (t : Set Y) : frontier (s ×ˢ t) = closure s ×ˢ frontier t ∪ frontier s ×ˢ closure t := by simp only [frontier, closure_prod_eq, interior_prod_eq, prod_diff_prod] #align frontier_prod_eq frontier_prod_eq @[simp]
Mathlib/Topology/Constructions.lean
828
830
theorem frontier_prod_univ_eq (s : Set X) : frontier (s ×ˢ (univ : Set Y)) = frontier s ×ˢ univ := by
simp [frontier_prod_eq]
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Algebra import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Prime #align_import algebra.char_p.exp_char from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" universe u variable (R : Type u) section Semiring variable [Semiring R] class inductive ExpChar (R : Type u) [Semiring R] : ℕ → Prop | zero [CharZero R] : ExpChar R 1 | prime {q : ℕ} (hprime : q.Prime) [hchar : CharP R q] : ExpChar R q #align exp_char ExpChar #align exp_char.prime ExpChar.prime instance expChar_prime (p) [CharP R p] [Fact p.Prime] : ExpChar R p := ExpChar.prime Fact.out instance expChar_zero [CharZero R] : ExpChar R 1 := ExpChar.zero instance (S : Type*) [Semiring S] (p) [ExpChar R p] [ExpChar S p] : ExpChar (R × S) p := by obtain hp | ⟨hp⟩ := ‹ExpChar R p› · have := Prod.charZero_of_left R S; exact .zero obtain _ | _ := ‹ExpChar S p› · exact (Nat.not_prime_one hp).elim · have := Prod.charP R S p; exact .prime hp variable {R} in theorem ExpChar.eq {p q : ℕ} (hp : ExpChar R p) (hq : ExpChar R q) : p = q := by cases' hp with hp _ hp' hp · cases' hq with hq _ hq' hq exacts [rfl, False.elim (Nat.not_prime_zero (CharP.eq R hq (CharP.ofCharZero R) ▸ hq'))] · cases' hq with hq _ hq' hq exacts [False.elim (Nat.not_prime_zero (CharP.eq R hp (CharP.ofCharZero R) ▸ hp')), CharP.eq R hp hq] theorem ExpChar.congr {p : ℕ} (q : ℕ) [hq : ExpChar R q] (h : q = p) : ExpChar R p := h ▸ hq noncomputable def ringExpChar (R : Type*) [NonAssocSemiring R] : ℕ := max (ringChar R) 1 theorem ringExpChar.eq (q : ℕ) [h : ExpChar R q] : ringExpChar R = q := by cases' h with _ _ h _ · haveI := CharP.ofCharZero R rw [ringExpChar, ringChar.eq R 0]; rfl rw [ringExpChar, ringChar.eq R q] exact Nat.max_eq_left h.one_lt.le @[simp] theorem ringExpChar.eq_one (R : Type*) [NonAssocSemiring R] [CharZero R] : ringExpChar R = 1 := by rw [ringExpChar, ringChar.eq_zero, max_eq_right zero_le_one] theorem expChar_one_of_char_zero (q : ℕ) [hp : CharP R 0] [hq : ExpChar R q] : q = 1 := by cases' hq with q hq_one hq_prime hq_hchar · rfl · exact False.elim <| hq_prime.ne_zero <| hq_hchar.eq R hp #align exp_char_one_of_char_zero expChar_one_of_char_zero theorem char_eq_expChar_iff (p q : ℕ) [hp : CharP R p] [hq : ExpChar R q] : p = q ↔ p.Prime := by cases' hq with q hq_one hq_prime hq_hchar · rw [(CharP.eq R hp inferInstance : p = 0)] decide · exact ⟨fun hpq => hpq.symm ▸ hq_prime, fun _ => CharP.eq R hp hq_hchar⟩ #align char_eq_exp_char_iff char_eq_expChar_iff section Nontrivial variable [Nontrivial R] theorem char_zero_of_expChar_one (p : ℕ) [hp : CharP R p] [hq : ExpChar R 1] : p = 0 := by cases hq · exact CharP.eq R hp inferInstance · exact False.elim (CharP.char_ne_one R 1 rfl) #align char_zero_of_exp_char_one char_zero_of_expChar_one -- This could be an instance, but there are no `ExpChar R 1` instances in mathlib. theorem charZero_of_expChar_one' [hq : ExpChar R 1] : CharZero R := by cases hq · assumption · exact False.elim (CharP.char_ne_one R 1 rfl) #align char_zero_of_exp_char_one' charZero_of_expChar_one' theorem expChar_one_iff_char_zero (p q : ℕ) [CharP R p] [ExpChar R q] : q = 1 ↔ p = 0 := by constructor · rintro rfl exact char_zero_of_expChar_one R p · rintro rfl exact expChar_one_of_char_zero R q #align exp_char_one_iff_char_zero expChar_one_iff_char_zero section NoZeroDivisors variable [NoZeroDivisors R] theorem char_prime_of_ne_zero {p : ℕ} [hp : CharP R p] (p_ne_zero : p ≠ 0) : Nat.Prime p := by cases' CharP.char_is_prime_or_zero R p with h h · exact h · contradiction #align char_prime_of_ne_zero char_prime_of_ne_zero
Mathlib/Algebra/CharP/ExpChar.lean
141
144
theorem expChar_is_prime_or_one (q : ℕ) [hq : ExpChar R q] : Nat.Prime q ∨ q = 1 := by
cases hq with | zero => exact .inr rfl | prime hp => exact .inl hp
import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Factorization.Basic import Mathlib.Data.SetLike.Fintype import Mathlib.GroupTheory.GroupAction.ConjAct import Mathlib.GroupTheory.PGroup import Mathlib.GroupTheory.NoncommPiCoprod import Mathlib.Order.Atoms.Finite import Mathlib.Data.Set.Lattice #align_import group_theory.sylow from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"4be589053caf347b899a494da75410deb55fb3ef" open Fintype MulAction Subgroup section InfiniteSylow variable (p : ℕ) (G : Type*) [Group G] structure Sylow extends Subgroup G where isPGroup' : IsPGroup p toSubgroup is_maximal' : ∀ {Q : Subgroup G}, IsPGroup p Q → toSubgroup ≤ Q → Q = toSubgroup #align sylow Sylow variable {p} {G} open Equiv Equiv.Perm Finset Function List QuotientGroup universe u v w variable {G : Type u} {α : Type v} {β : Type w} [Group G] attribute [local instance 10] Subtype.fintype setFintype Classical.propDecidable theorem QuotientGroup.card_preimage_mk [Fintype G] (s : Subgroup G) (t : Set (G ⧸ s)) : Fintype.card (QuotientGroup.mk ⁻¹' t) = Fintype.card s * Fintype.card t := by rw [← Fintype.card_prod, Fintype.card_congr (preimageMkEquivSubgroupProdSet _ _)] #align quotient_group.card_preimage_mk QuotientGroup.card_preimage_mk namespace Sylow theorem mem_fixedPoints_mul_left_cosets_iff_mem_normalizer {H : Subgroup G} [Finite (H : Set G)] {x : G} : (x : G ⧸ H) ∈ MulAction.fixedPoints H (G ⧸ H) ↔ x ∈ normalizer H := ⟨fun hx => have ha : ∀ {y : G ⧸ H}, y ∈ orbit H (x : G ⧸ H) → y = x := mem_fixedPoints'.1 hx _ (inv_mem_iff (G := G)).1 (mem_normalizer_fintype fun n (hn : n ∈ H) => have : (n⁻¹ * x)⁻¹ * x ∈ H := QuotientGroup.eq.1 (ha ⟨⟨n⁻¹, inv_mem hn⟩, rfl⟩) show _ ∈ H by rw [mul_inv_rev, inv_inv] at this convert this rw [inv_inv]), fun hx : ∀ n : G, n ∈ H ↔ x * n * x⁻¹ ∈ H => mem_fixedPoints'.2 fun y => Quotient.inductionOn' y fun y hy => QuotientGroup.eq.2 (let ⟨⟨b, hb₁⟩, hb₂⟩ := hy have hb₂ : (b * x)⁻¹ * y ∈ H := QuotientGroup.eq.1 hb₂ (inv_mem_iff (G := G)).1 <| (hx _).2 <| (mul_mem_cancel_left (inv_mem hb₁)).1 <| by rw [hx] at hb₂; simpa [mul_inv_rev, mul_assoc] using hb₂)⟩ #align sylow.mem_fixed_points_mul_left_cosets_iff_mem_normalizer Sylow.mem_fixedPoints_mul_left_cosets_iff_mem_normalizer def fixedPointsMulLeftCosetsEquivQuotient (H : Subgroup G) [Finite (H : Set G)] : MulAction.fixedPoints H (G ⧸ H) ≃ normalizer H ⧸ Subgroup.comap ((normalizer H).subtype : normalizer H →* G) H := @subtypeQuotientEquivQuotientSubtype G (normalizer H : Set G) (_) (_) (MulAction.fixedPoints H (G ⧸ H)) (fun a => (@mem_fixedPoints_mul_left_cosets_iff_mem_normalizer _ _ _ ‹_› _).symm) (by intros unfold_projs rw [leftRel_apply (α := normalizer H), leftRel_apply] rfl) #align sylow.fixed_points_mul_left_cosets_equiv_quotient Sylow.fixedPointsMulLeftCosetsEquivQuotient
Mathlib/GroupTheory/Sylow.lean
538
543
theorem card_quotient_normalizer_modEq_card_quotient [Fintype G] {p : ℕ} {n : ℕ} [hp : Fact p.Prime] {H : Subgroup G} (hH : Fintype.card H = p ^ n) : Fintype.card (normalizer H ⧸ Subgroup.comap ((normalizer H).subtype : normalizer H →* G) H) ≡ card (G ⧸ H) [MOD p] := by
rw [← Fintype.card_congr (fixedPointsMulLeftCosetsEquivQuotient H)] exact ((IsPGroup.of_card hH).card_modEq_card_fixedPoints _).symm
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Function import Mathlib.Analysis.BoundedVariation #align_import analysis.constant_speed from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f0c8bf9245297a541f468be517f1bde6195105e9" open scoped NNReal ENNReal open Set MeasureTheory Classical variable {α : Type*} [LinearOrder α] {E : Type*} [PseudoEMetricSpace E] variable (f : ℝ → E) (s : Set ℝ) (l : ℝ≥0) def HasConstantSpeedOnWith := ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), eVariationOn f (s ∩ Icc x y) = ENNReal.ofReal (l * (y - x)) #align has_constant_speed_on_with HasConstantSpeedOnWith variable {f s l} theorem HasConstantSpeedOnWith.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn (h : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l) : LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s := fun x y hx hy => by simp only [BoundedVariationOn, h hx hy, Ne, ENNReal.ofReal_ne_top, not_false_iff] #align has_constant_speed_on_with.has_locally_bounded_variation_on HasConstantSpeedOnWith.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_of_subsingleton (f : ℝ → E) {s : Set ℝ} (hs : s.Subsingleton) (l : ℝ≥0) : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l := by rintro x hx y hy; cases hs hx hy rw [eVariationOn.subsingleton f (fun y hy z hz => hs hy.1 hz.1 : (s ∩ Icc x x).Subsingleton)] simp only [sub_self, mul_zero, ENNReal.ofReal_zero] #align has_constant_speed_on_with_of_subsingleton hasConstantSpeedOnWith_of_subsingleton theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l ↔ ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), x ≤ y → eVariationOn f (s ∩ Icc x y) = ENNReal.ofReal (l * (y - x)) := by refine ⟨fun h x xs y ys _ => h xs ys, fun h x xs y ys => ?_⟩ rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · exact h xs ys xy · rw [eVariationOn.subsingleton, ENNReal.ofReal_of_nonpos] · exact mul_nonpos_of_nonneg_of_nonpos l.prop (sub_nonpos_of_le yx) · rintro z ⟨zs, xz, zy⟩ w ⟨ws, xw, wy⟩ cases le_antisymm (zy.trans yx) xz cases le_antisymm (wy.trans yx) xw rfl #align has_constant_speed_on_with_iff_ordered hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered
Mathlib/Analysis/ConstantSpeed.lean
85
99
theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_variationOnFromTo_eq : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l ↔ LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s ∧ ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), variationOnFromTo f s x y = l * (y - x) := by
constructor · rintro h; refine ⟨h.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn, fun x xs y ys => ?_⟩ rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] at h rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_of_le f s xy, h xs ys xy] exact ENNReal.toReal_ofReal (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr xy)) · rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_of_ge f s yx, h ys xs yx] have := ENNReal.toReal_ofReal (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr yx)) simp_all only [NNReal.val_eq_coe]; ring · rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] rintro h x xs y ys xy rw [← h.2 xs ys, variationOnFromTo.eq_of_le f s xy, ENNReal.ofReal_toReal (h.1 x y xs ys)]
import Mathlib.Probability.ConditionalProbability import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Count #align_import probability.cond_count from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"117e93f82b5f959f8193857370109935291f0cc4" noncomputable section open ProbabilityTheory open MeasureTheory MeasurableSpace namespace ProbabilityTheory variable {Ω : Type*} [MeasurableSpace Ω] def condCount (s : Set Ω) : Measure Ω := Measure.count[|s] #align probability_theory.cond_count ProbabilityTheory.condCount @[simp] theorem condCount_empty_meas : (condCount ∅ : Measure Ω) = 0 := by simp [condCount] #align probability_theory.cond_count_empty_meas ProbabilityTheory.condCount_empty_meas theorem condCount_empty {s : Set Ω} : condCount s ∅ = 0 := by simp #align probability_theory.cond_count_empty ProbabilityTheory.condCount_empty theorem finite_of_condCount_ne_zero {s t : Set Ω} (h : condCount s t ≠ 0) : s.Finite := by by_contra hs' simp [condCount, cond, Measure.count_apply_infinite hs'] at h #align probability_theory.finite_of_cond_count_ne_zero ProbabilityTheory.finite_of_condCount_ne_zero theorem condCount_univ [Fintype Ω] {s : Set Ω} : condCount Set.univ s = Measure.count s / Fintype.card Ω := by rw [condCount, cond_apply _ MeasurableSet.univ, ← ENNReal.div_eq_inv_mul, Set.univ_inter] congr rw [← Finset.coe_univ, Measure.count_apply, Finset.univ.tsum_subtype' fun _ => (1 : ENNReal)] · simp [Finset.card_univ] · exact (@Finset.coe_univ Ω _).symm ▸ MeasurableSet.univ #align probability_theory.cond_count_univ ProbabilityTheory.condCount_univ variable [MeasurableSingletonClass Ω] theorem condCount_isProbabilityMeasure {s : Set Ω} (hs : s.Finite) (hs' : s.Nonempty) : IsProbabilityMeasure (condCount s) := { measure_univ := by rw [condCount, cond_apply _ hs.measurableSet, Set.inter_univ, ENNReal.inv_mul_cancel] · exact fun h => hs'.ne_empty <| Measure.empty_of_count_eq_zero h · exact (Measure.count_apply_lt_top.2 hs).ne } #align probability_theory.cond_count_is_probability_measure ProbabilityTheory.condCount_isProbabilityMeasure theorem condCount_singleton (ω : Ω) (t : Set Ω) [Decidable (ω ∈ t)] : condCount {ω} t = if ω ∈ t then 1 else 0 := by rw [condCount, cond_apply _ (measurableSet_singleton ω), Measure.count_singleton, inv_one, one_mul] split_ifs · rw [(by simpa : ({ω} : Set Ω) ∩ t = {ω}), Measure.count_singleton] · rw [(by simpa : ({ω} : Set Ω) ∩ t = ∅), Measure.count_empty] #align probability_theory.cond_count_singleton ProbabilityTheory.condCount_singleton variable {s t u : Set Ω} theorem condCount_inter_self (hs : s.Finite) : condCount s (s ∩ t) = condCount s t := by rw [condCount, cond_inter_self _ hs.measurableSet] #align probability_theory.cond_count_inter_self ProbabilityTheory.condCount_inter_self theorem condCount_self (hs : s.Finite) (hs' : s.Nonempty) : condCount s s = 1 := by rw [condCount, cond_apply _ hs.measurableSet, Set.inter_self, ENNReal.inv_mul_cancel] · exact fun h => hs'.ne_empty <| Measure.empty_of_count_eq_zero h · exact (Measure.count_apply_lt_top.2 hs).ne #align probability_theory.cond_count_self ProbabilityTheory.condCount_self theorem condCount_eq_one_of (hs : s.Finite) (hs' : s.Nonempty) (ht : s ⊆ t) : condCount s t = 1 := by haveI := condCount_isProbabilityMeasure hs hs' refine eq_of_le_of_not_lt prob_le_one ?_ rw [not_lt, ← condCount_self hs hs'] exact measure_mono ht #align probability_theory.cond_count_eq_one_of ProbabilityTheory.condCount_eq_one_of theorem pred_true_of_condCount_eq_one (h : condCount s t = 1) : s ⊆ t := by have hsf := finite_of_condCount_ne_zero (by rw [h]; exact one_ne_zero) rw [condCount, cond_apply _ hsf.measurableSet, mul_comm] at h replace h := ENNReal.eq_inv_of_mul_eq_one_left h rw [inv_inv, Measure.count_apply_finite _ hsf, Measure.count_apply_finite _ (hsf.inter_of_left _), Nat.cast_inj] at h suffices s ∩ t = s by exact this ▸ fun x hx => hx.2 rw [← @Set.Finite.toFinset_inj _ _ _ (hsf.inter_of_left _) hsf] exact Finset.eq_of_subset_of_card_le (Set.Finite.toFinset_mono s.inter_subset_left) h.ge #align probability_theory.pred_true_of_cond_count_eq_one ProbabilityTheory.pred_true_of_condCount_eq_one
Mathlib/Probability/CondCount.lean
129
131
theorem condCount_eq_zero_iff (hs : s.Finite) : condCount s t = 0 ↔ s ∩ t = ∅ := by
simp [condCount, cond_apply _ hs.measurableSet, Measure.count_apply_eq_top, Set.not_infinite.2 hs, Measure.count_apply_finite _ (hs.inter_of_left _)]
import Mathlib.Init.Core import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.AffineSpace.Basis import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional #align_import linear_algebra.affine_space.finite_dimensional from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"67e606eaea14c7854bdc556bd53d98aefdf76ec0" noncomputable section open Affine section AffineSpace' variable (k : Type*) {V : Type*} {P : Type*} variable {ι : Type*} open AffineSubspace FiniteDimensional Module variable [DivisionRing k] [AddCommGroup V] [Module k V] [AffineSpace V P] theorem finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_of_finite {s : Set P} (h : Set.Finite s) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k s) := span_of_finite k <| h.vsub h #align finite_dimensional_vector_span_of_finite finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_of_finite instance finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_range [Finite ι] (p : ι → P) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) := finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_of_finite k (Set.finite_range _) #align finite_dimensional_vector_span_range finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_range instance finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_image_of_finite [Finite ι] (p : ι → P) (s : Set ι) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k (p '' s)) := finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_of_finite k (Set.toFinite _) #align finite_dimensional_vector_span_image_of_finite finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_image_of_finite theorem finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_of_finite {s : Set P} (h : Set.Finite s) : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k s).direction := (direction_affineSpan k s).symm ▸ finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_of_finite k h #align finite_dimensional_direction_affine_span_of_finite finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_of_finite instance finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_range [Finite ι] (p : ι → P) : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k (Set.range p)).direction := finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_of_finite k (Set.finite_range _) #align finite_dimensional_direction_affine_span_range finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_range instance finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_image_of_finite [Finite ι] (p : ι → P) (s : Set ι) : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k (p '' s)).direction := finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_of_finite k (Set.toFinite _) #align finite_dimensional_direction_affine_span_image_of_finite finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_image_of_finite theorem finite_of_fin_dim_affineIndependent [FiniteDimensional k V] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) : Finite ι := by nontriviality ι; inhabit ι rw [affineIndependent_iff_linearIndependent_vsub k p default] at hi letI : IsNoetherian k V := IsNoetherian.iff_fg.2 inferInstance exact (Set.finite_singleton default).finite_of_compl (Set.finite_coe_iff.1 hi.finite_of_isNoetherian) #align finite_of_fin_dim_affine_independent finite_of_fin_dim_affineIndependent theorem finite_set_of_fin_dim_affineIndependent [FiniteDimensional k V] {s : Set ι} {f : s → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k f) : s.Finite := @Set.toFinite _ s (finite_of_fin_dim_affineIndependent k hi) #align finite_set_of_fin_dim_affine_independent finite_set_of_fin_dim_affineIndependent variable {k} theorem AffineIndependent.finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset [DecidableEq P] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {s : Finset ι} {n : ℕ} (hc : Finset.card s = n + 1) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (s.image p : Set P)) = n := by classical have hi' := hi.range.mono (Set.image_subset_range p ↑s) have hc' : (s.image p).card = n + 1 := by rwa [s.card_image_of_injective hi.injective] have hn : (s.image p).Nonempty := by simp [hc', ← Finset.card_pos] rcases hn with ⟨p₁, hp₁⟩ have hp₁' : p₁ ∈ p '' s := by simpa using hp₁ rw [affineIndependent_set_iff_linearIndependent_vsub k hp₁', ← Finset.coe_singleton, ← Finset.coe_image, ← Finset.coe_sdiff, Finset.sdiff_singleton_eq_erase, ← Finset.coe_image] at hi' have hc : (Finset.image (fun p : P => p -ᵥ p₁) ((Finset.image p s).erase p₁)).card = n := by rw [Finset.card_image_of_injective _ (vsub_left_injective _), Finset.card_erase_of_mem hp₁] exact Nat.pred_eq_of_eq_succ hc' rwa [vectorSpan_eq_span_vsub_finset_right_ne k hp₁, finrank_span_finset_eq_card, hc] #align affine_independent.finrank_vector_span_image_finset AffineIndependent.finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset theorem AffineIndependent.finrank_vectorSpan [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 1) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) = n := by classical rw [← Finset.card_univ] at hc rw [← Set.image_univ, ← Finset.coe_univ, ← Finset.coe_image] exact hi.finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset hc #align affine_independent.finrank_vector_span AffineIndependent.finrank_vectorSpan lemma AffineIndependent.finrank_vectorSpan_add_one [Fintype ι] [Nonempty ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) + 1 = Fintype.card ι := by rw [hi.finrank_vectorSpan (tsub_add_cancel_of_le _).symm, tsub_add_cancel_of_le] <;> exact Fintype.card_pos theorem AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_eq_top_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one [FiniteDimensional k V] [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) (hc : Fintype.card ι = finrank k V + 1) : vectorSpan k (Set.range p) = ⊤ := Submodule.eq_top_of_finrank_eq <| hi.finrank_vectorSpan hc #align affine_independent.vector_span_eq_top_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_eq_top_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one variable (k) theorem finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset_le [DecidableEq P] (p : ι → P) (s : Finset ι) {n : ℕ} (hc : Finset.card s = n + 1) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (s.image p : Set P)) ≤ n := by classical have hn : (s.image p).Nonempty := by rw [Finset.image_nonempty, ← Finset.card_pos, hc] apply Nat.succ_pos rcases hn with ⟨p₁, hp₁⟩ rw [vectorSpan_eq_span_vsub_finset_right_ne k hp₁] refine le_trans (finrank_span_finset_le_card (((s.image p).erase p₁).image fun p => p -ᵥ p₁)) ?_ rw [Finset.card_image_of_injective _ (vsub_left_injective p₁), Finset.card_erase_of_mem hp₁, tsub_le_iff_right, ← hc] apply Finset.card_image_le #align finrank_vector_span_image_finset_le finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset_le theorem finrank_vectorSpan_range_le [Fintype ι] (p : ι → P) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 1) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) ≤ n := by classical rw [← Set.image_univ, ← Finset.coe_univ, ← Finset.coe_image] rw [← Finset.card_univ] at hc exact finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset_le _ _ _ hc #align finrank_vector_span_range_le finrank_vectorSpan_range_le lemma finrank_vectorSpan_range_add_one_le [Fintype ι] [Nonempty ι] (p : ι → P) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) + 1 ≤ Fintype.card ι := (le_tsub_iff_right $ Nat.succ_le_iff.2 Fintype.card_pos).1 $ finrank_vectorSpan_range_le _ _ (tsub_add_cancel_of_le $ Nat.succ_le_iff.2 Fintype.card_pos).symm theorem affineIndependent_iff_finrank_vectorSpan_eq [Fintype ι] (p : ι → P) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 1) : AffineIndependent k p ↔ finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) = n := by classical have hn : Nonempty ι := by simp [← Fintype.card_pos_iff, hc] cases' hn with i₁ rw [affineIndependent_iff_linearIndependent_vsub _ _ i₁, linearIndependent_iff_card_eq_finrank_span, eq_comm, vectorSpan_range_eq_span_range_vsub_right_ne k p i₁, Set.finrank] rw [← Finset.card_univ] at hc rw [Fintype.subtype_card] simp [Finset.filter_ne', Finset.card_erase_of_mem, hc] #align affine_independent_iff_finrank_vector_span_eq affineIndependent_iff_finrank_vectorSpan_eq theorem affineIndependent_iff_le_finrank_vectorSpan [Fintype ι] (p : ι → P) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 1) : AffineIndependent k p ↔ n ≤ finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) := by rw [affineIndependent_iff_finrank_vectorSpan_eq k p hc] constructor · rintro rfl rfl · exact fun hle => le_antisymm (finrank_vectorSpan_range_le k p hc) hle #align affine_independent_iff_le_finrank_vector_span affineIndependent_iff_le_finrank_vectorSpan theorem affineIndependent_iff_not_finrank_vectorSpan_le [Fintype ι] (p : ι → P) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 2) : AffineIndependent k p ↔ ¬finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) ≤ n := by rw [affineIndependent_iff_le_finrank_vectorSpan k p hc, ← Nat.lt_iff_add_one_le, lt_iff_not_ge] #align affine_independent_iff_not_finrank_vector_span_le affineIndependent_iff_not_finrank_vectorSpan_le theorem finrank_vectorSpan_le_iff_not_affineIndependent [Fintype ι] (p : ι → P) {n : ℕ} (hc : Fintype.card ι = n + 2) : finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) ≤ n ↔ ¬AffineIndependent k p := (not_iff_comm.1 (affineIndependent_iff_not_finrank_vectorSpan_le k p hc).symm).symm #align finrank_vector_span_le_iff_not_affine_independent finrank_vectorSpan_le_iff_not_affineIndependent variable {k} lemma AffineIndependent.card_le_finrank_succ [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hp : AffineIndependent k p) : Fintype.card ι ≤ FiniteDimensional.finrank k (vectorSpan k (Set.range p)) + 1 := by cases isEmpty_or_nonempty ι · simp [Fintype.card_eq_zero] rw [← tsub_le_iff_right] exact (affineIndependent_iff_le_finrank_vectorSpan _ _ (tsub_add_cancel_of_le <| Nat.one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 Fintype.card_ne_zero).symm).1 hp open Finset in lemma AffineIndependent.card_le_card_of_subset_affineSpan {s t : Finset V} (hs : AffineIndependent k ((↑) : s → V)) (hst : (s : Set V) ⊆ affineSpan k (t : Set V)) : s.card ≤ t.card := by obtain rfl | hs' := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · simp obtain rfl | ht' := t.eq_empty_or_nonempty · simpa [Set.subset_empty_iff] using hst have := hs'.to_subtype have := ht'.to_set.to_subtype have direction_le := AffineSubspace.direction_le (affineSpan_mono k hst) rw [AffineSubspace.affineSpan_coe, direction_affineSpan, direction_affineSpan, ← @Subtype.range_coe _ (s : Set V), ← @Subtype.range_coe _ (t : Set V)] at direction_le have finrank_le := add_le_add_right (Submodule.finrank_le_finrank_of_le direction_le) 1 -- We use `erw` to elide the difference between `↥s` and `↥(s : Set V)}` erw [hs.finrank_vectorSpan_add_one] at finrank_le simpa using finrank_le.trans <| finrank_vectorSpan_range_add_one_le _ _ open Finset in lemma AffineIndependent.card_lt_card_of_affineSpan_lt_affineSpan {s t : Finset V} (hs : AffineIndependent k ((↑) : s → V)) (hst : affineSpan k (s : Set V) < affineSpan k (t : Set V)) : s.card < t.card := by obtain rfl | hs' := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · simpa [card_pos] using hst obtain rfl | ht' := t.eq_empty_or_nonempty · simp [Set.subset_empty_iff] at hst have := hs'.to_subtype have := ht'.to_set.to_subtype have dir_lt := AffineSubspace.direction_lt_of_nonempty (k := k) hst $ hs'.to_set.affineSpan k rw [direction_affineSpan, direction_affineSpan, ← @Subtype.range_coe _ (s : Set V), ← @Subtype.range_coe _ (t : Set V)] at dir_lt have finrank_lt := add_lt_add_right (Submodule.finrank_lt_finrank_of_lt dir_lt) 1 -- We use `erw` to elide the difference between `↥s` and `↥(s : Set V)}` erw [hs.finrank_vectorSpan_add_one] at finrank_lt simpa using finrank_lt.trans_le <| finrank_vectorSpan_range_add_one_le _ _ theorem AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one [DecidableEq P] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {s : Finset ι} {sm : Submodule k V} [FiniteDimensional k sm] (hle : vectorSpan k (s.image p : Set P) ≤ sm) (hc : Finset.card s = finrank k sm + 1) : vectorSpan k (s.image p : Set P) = sm := eq_of_le_of_finrank_eq hle <| hi.finrank_vectorSpan_image_finset hc #align affine_independent.vector_span_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one theorem AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {sm : Submodule k V} [FiniteDimensional k sm] (hle : vectorSpan k (Set.range p) ≤ sm) (hc : Fintype.card ι = finrank k sm + 1) : vectorSpan k (Set.range p) = sm := eq_of_le_of_finrank_eq hle <| hi.finrank_vectorSpan hc #align affine_independent.vector_span_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.vectorSpan_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one theorem AffineIndependent.affineSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one [DecidableEq P] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {s : Finset ι} {sp : AffineSubspace k P} [FiniteDimensional k sp.direction] (hle : affineSpan k (s.image p : Set P) ≤ sp) (hc : Finset.card s = finrank k sp.direction + 1) : affineSpan k (s.image p : Set P) = sp := by have hn : s.Nonempty := by rw [← Finset.card_pos, hc] apply Nat.succ_pos refine eq_of_direction_eq_of_nonempty_of_le ?_ ((hn.image p).to_set.affineSpan k) hle have hd := direction_le hle rw [direction_affineSpan] at hd ⊢ exact hi.vectorSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one hd hc #align affine_independent.affine_span_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.affineSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one theorem AffineIndependent.affineSpan_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) {sp : AffineSubspace k P} [FiniteDimensional k sp.direction] (hle : affineSpan k (Set.range p) ≤ sp) (hc : Fintype.card ι = finrank k sp.direction + 1) : affineSpan k (Set.range p) = sp := by classical rw [← Finset.card_univ] at hc rw [← Set.image_univ, ← Finset.coe_univ, ← Finset.coe_image] at hle ⊢ exact hi.affineSpan_image_finset_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one hle hc #align affine_independent.affine_span_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.affineSpan_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one theorem AffineIndependent.affineSpan_eq_top_iff_card_eq_finrank_add_one [FiniteDimensional k V] [Fintype ι] {p : ι → P} (hi : AffineIndependent k p) : affineSpan k (Set.range p) = ⊤ ↔ Fintype.card ι = finrank k V + 1 := by constructor · intro h_tot let n := Fintype.card ι - 1 have hn : Fintype.card ι = n + 1 := (Nat.succ_pred_eq_of_pos (card_pos_of_affineSpan_eq_top k V P h_tot)).symm rw [hn, ← finrank_top, ← (vectorSpan_eq_top_of_affineSpan_eq_top k V P) h_tot, ← hi.finrank_vectorSpan hn] · intro hc rw [← finrank_top, ← direction_top k V P] at hc exact hi.affineSpan_eq_of_le_of_card_eq_finrank_add_one le_top hc #align affine_independent.affine_span_eq_top_iff_card_eq_finrank_add_one AffineIndependent.affineSpan_eq_top_iff_card_eq_finrank_add_one theorem Affine.Simplex.span_eq_top [FiniteDimensional k V] {n : ℕ} (T : Affine.Simplex k V n) (hrank : finrank k V = n) : affineSpan k (Set.range T.points) = ⊤ := by rw [AffineIndependent.affineSpan_eq_top_iff_card_eq_finrank_add_one T.independent, Fintype.card_fin, hrank] #align affine.simplex.span_eq_top Affine.Simplex.span_eq_top instance finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert (s : AffineSubspace k P) [FiniteDimensional k s.direction] (p : P) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k (insert p (s : Set P))) := by rw [← direction_affineSpan, ← affineSpan_insert_affineSpan] rcases (s : Set P).eq_empty_or_nonempty with (hs | ⟨p₀, hp₀⟩) · rw [coe_eq_bot_iff] at hs rw [hs, bot_coe, span_empty, bot_coe, direction_affineSpan] convert finiteDimensional_bot k V <;> simp · rw [affineSpan_coe, direction_affineSpan_insert hp₀] infer_instance #align finite_dimensional_vector_span_insert finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert instance finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_insert (s : AffineSubspace k P) [FiniteDimensional k s.direction] (p : P) : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k (insert p (s : Set P))).direction := (direction_affineSpan k (insert p (s : Set P))).symm ▸ finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert s p #align finite_dimensional_direction_affine_span_insert finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan_insert variable (k) instance finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert_set (s : Set P) [FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k s)] (p : P) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k (insert p s)) := by haveI : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k s).direction := (direction_affineSpan k s).symm ▸ inferInstance rw [← direction_affineSpan, ← affineSpan_insert_affineSpan, direction_affineSpan] exact finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert (affineSpan k s) p #align finite_dimensional_vector_span_insert_set finiteDimensional_vectorSpan_insert_set def Collinear (s : Set P) : Prop := Module.rank k (vectorSpan k s) ≤ 1 #align collinear Collinear theorem collinear_iff_rank_le_one (s : Set P) : Collinear k s ↔ Module.rank k (vectorSpan k s) ≤ 1 := Iff.rfl #align collinear_iff_rank_le_one collinear_iff_rank_le_one variable {k} theorem collinear_iff_finrank_le_one {s : Set P} [FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k s)] : Collinear k s ↔ finrank k (vectorSpan k s) ≤ 1 := by have h := collinear_iff_rank_le_one k s rw [← finrank_eq_rank] at h exact mod_cast h #align collinear_iff_finrank_le_one collinear_iff_finrank_le_one alias ⟨Collinear.finrank_le_one, _⟩ := collinear_iff_finrank_le_one #align collinear.finrank_le_one Collinear.finrank_le_one theorem Collinear.subset {s₁ s₂ : Set P} (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (h : Collinear k s₂) : Collinear k s₁ := (rank_le_of_submodule (vectorSpan k s₁) (vectorSpan k s₂) (vectorSpan_mono k hs)).trans h #align collinear.subset Collinear.subset theorem Collinear.finiteDimensional_vectorSpan {s : Set P} (h : Collinear k s) : FiniteDimensional k (vectorSpan k s) := IsNoetherian.iff_fg.1 (IsNoetherian.iff_rank_lt_aleph0.2 (lt_of_le_of_lt h Cardinal.one_lt_aleph0)) #align collinear.finite_dimensional_vector_span Collinear.finiteDimensional_vectorSpan theorem Collinear.finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan {s : Set P} (h : Collinear k s) : FiniteDimensional k (affineSpan k s).direction := (direction_affineSpan k s).symm ▸ h.finiteDimensional_vectorSpan #align collinear.finite_dimensional_direction_affine_span Collinear.finiteDimensional_direction_affineSpan variable (k P) theorem collinear_empty : Collinear k (∅ : Set P) := by rw [collinear_iff_rank_le_one, vectorSpan_empty] simp #align collinear_empty collinear_empty variable {P} theorem collinear_singleton (p : P) : Collinear k ({p} : Set P) := by rw [collinear_iff_rank_le_one, vectorSpan_singleton] simp #align collinear_singleton collinear_singleton variable {k} theorem collinear_iff_of_mem {s : Set P} {p₀ : P} (h : p₀ ∈ s) : Collinear k s ↔ ∃ v : V, ∀ p ∈ s, ∃ r : k, p = r • v +ᵥ p₀ := by simp_rw [collinear_iff_rank_le_one, rank_submodule_le_one_iff', Submodule.le_span_singleton_iff] constructor · rintro ⟨v₀, hv⟩ use v₀ intro p hp obtain ⟨r, hr⟩ := hv (p -ᵥ p₀) (vsub_mem_vectorSpan k hp h) use r rw [eq_vadd_iff_vsub_eq] exact hr.symm · rintro ⟨v, hp₀v⟩ use v intro w hw have hs : vectorSpan k s ≤ k ∙ v := by rw [vectorSpan_eq_span_vsub_set_right k h, Submodule.span_le, Set.subset_def] intro x hx rw [SetLike.mem_coe, Submodule.mem_span_singleton] rw [Set.mem_image] at hx rcases hx with ⟨p, hp, rfl⟩ rcases hp₀v p hp with ⟨r, rfl⟩ use r simp have hw' := SetLike.le_def.1 hs hw rwa [Submodule.mem_span_singleton] at hw' #align collinear_iff_of_mem collinear_iff_of_mem theorem collinear_iff_exists_forall_eq_smul_vadd (s : Set P) : Collinear k s ↔ ∃ (p₀ : P) (v : V), ∀ p ∈ s, ∃ r : k, p = r • v +ᵥ p₀ := by rcases Set.eq_empty_or_nonempty s with (rfl | ⟨⟨p₁, hp₁⟩⟩) · simp [collinear_empty] · rw [collinear_iff_of_mem hp₁] constructor · exact fun h => ⟨p₁, h⟩ · rintro ⟨p, v, hv⟩ use v intro p₂ hp₂ rcases hv p₂ hp₂ with ⟨r, rfl⟩ rcases hv p₁ hp₁ with ⟨r₁, rfl⟩ use r - r₁ simp [vadd_vadd, ← add_smul] #align collinear_iff_exists_forall_eq_smul_vadd collinear_iff_exists_forall_eq_smul_vadd variable (k) theorem collinear_pair (p₁ p₂ : P) : Collinear k ({p₁, p₂} : Set P) := by rw [collinear_iff_exists_forall_eq_smul_vadd] use p₁, p₂ -ᵥ p₁ intro p hp rw [Set.mem_insert_iff, Set.mem_singleton_iff] at hp cases' hp with hp hp · use 0 simp [hp] · use 1 simp [hp] #align collinear_pair collinear_pair variable {k} theorem affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear {p : Fin 3 → P} : AffineIndependent k p ↔ ¬Collinear k (Set.range p) := by rw [collinear_iff_finrank_le_one, affineIndependent_iff_not_finrank_vectorSpan_le k p (Fintype.card_fin 3)] #align affine_independent_iff_not_collinear affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear theorem collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent {p : Fin 3 → P} : Collinear k (Set.range p) ↔ ¬AffineIndependent k p := by rw [collinear_iff_finrank_le_one, finrank_vectorSpan_le_iff_not_affineIndependent k p (Fintype.card_fin 3)] #align collinear_iff_not_affine_independent collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent theorem affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_set {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} : AffineIndependent k ![p₁, p₂, p₃] ↔ ¬Collinear k ({p₁, p₂, p₃} : Set P) := by rw [affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear] simp_rw [Matrix.range_cons, Matrix.range_empty, Set.singleton_union, insert_emptyc_eq] #align affine_independent_iff_not_collinear_set affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_set theorem collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent_set {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} : Collinear k ({p₁, p₂, p₃} : Set P) ↔ ¬AffineIndependent k ![p₁, p₂, p₃] := affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_set.not_left.symm #align collinear_iff_not_affine_independent_set collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent_set theorem affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_of_ne {p : Fin 3 → P} {i₁ i₂ i₃ : Fin 3} (h₁₂ : i₁ ≠ i₂) (h₁₃ : i₁ ≠ i₃) (h₂₃ : i₂ ≠ i₃) : AffineIndependent k p ↔ ¬Collinear k ({p i₁, p i₂, p i₃} : Set P) := by have hu : (Finset.univ : Finset (Fin 3)) = {i₁, i₂, i₃} := by -- Porting note: Originally `by decide!` fin_cases i₁ <;> fin_cases i₂ <;> fin_cases i₃ <;> simp (config := {decide := true}) only at h₁₂ h₁₃ h₂₃ ⊢ rw [affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear, ← Set.image_univ, ← Finset.coe_univ, hu, Finset.coe_insert, Finset.coe_insert, Finset.coe_singleton, Set.image_insert_eq, Set.image_pair] #align affine_independent_iff_not_collinear_of_ne affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_of_ne theorem collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent_of_ne {p : Fin 3 → P} {i₁ i₂ i₃ : Fin 3} (h₁₂ : i₁ ≠ i₂) (h₁₃ : i₁ ≠ i₃) (h₂₃ : i₂ ≠ i₃) : Collinear k ({p i₁, p i₂, p i₃} : Set P) ↔ ¬AffineIndependent k p := (affineIndependent_iff_not_collinear_of_ne h₁₂ h₁₃ h₂₃).not_left.symm #align collinear_iff_not_affine_independent_of_ne collinear_iff_not_affineIndependent_of_ne theorem ne₁₂_of_not_collinear {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} (h : ¬Collinear k ({p₁, p₂, p₃} : Set P)) : p₁ ≠ p₂ := by rintro rfl simp [collinear_pair] at h #align ne₁₂_of_not_collinear ne₁₂_of_not_collinear theorem ne₁₃_of_not_collinear {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} (h : ¬Collinear k ({p₁, p₂, p₃} : Set P)) : p₁ ≠ p₃ := by rintro rfl simp [collinear_pair] at h #align ne₁₃_of_not_collinear ne₁₃_of_not_collinear theorem ne₂₃_of_not_collinear {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} (h : ¬Collinear k ({p₁, p₂, p₃} : Set P)) : p₂ ≠ p₃ := by rintro rfl simp [collinear_pair] at h #align ne₂₃_of_not_collinear ne₂₃_of_not_collinear
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/AffineSpace/FiniteDimensional.lean
578
589
theorem Collinear.mem_affineSpan_of_mem_of_ne {s : Set P} (h : Collinear k s) {p₁ p₂ p₃ : P} (hp₁ : p₁ ∈ s) (hp₂ : p₂ ∈ s) (hp₃ : p₃ ∈ s) (hp₁p₂ : p₁ ≠ p₂) : p₃ ∈ line[k, p₁, p₂] := by
rw [collinear_iff_of_mem hp₁] at h rcases h with ⟨v, h⟩ rcases h p₂ hp₂ with ⟨r₂, rfl⟩ rcases h p₃ hp₃ with ⟨r₃, rfl⟩ rw [vadd_left_mem_affineSpan_pair] refine ⟨r₃ / r₂, ?_⟩ have h₂ : r₂ ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl simp at hp₁p₂ simp [smul_smul, h₂]
import Mathlib.Topology.Sets.Opens #align_import topology.local_at_target from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open TopologicalSpace Set Filter open Topology Filter variable {α β : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] [TopologicalSpace β] {f : α → β} variable {s : Set β} {ι : Type*} {U : ι → Opens β} (hU : iSup U = ⊤) theorem Set.restrictPreimage_inducing (s : Set β) (h : Inducing f) : Inducing (s.restrictPreimage f) := by simp_rw [← inducing_subtype_val.of_comp_iff, inducing_iff_nhds, restrictPreimage, MapsTo.coe_restrict, restrict_eq, ← @Filter.comap_comap _ _ _ _ _ f, Function.comp_apply] at h ⊢ intro a rw [← h, ← inducing_subtype_val.nhds_eq_comap] #align set.restrict_preimage_inducing Set.restrictPreimage_inducing alias Inducing.restrictPreimage := Set.restrictPreimage_inducing #align inducing.restrict_preimage Inducing.restrictPreimage theorem Set.restrictPreimage_embedding (s : Set β) (h : Embedding f) : Embedding (s.restrictPreimage f) := ⟨h.1.restrictPreimage s, h.2.restrictPreimage s⟩ #align set.restrict_preimage_embedding Set.restrictPreimage_embedding alias Embedding.restrictPreimage := Set.restrictPreimage_embedding #align embedding.restrict_preimage Embedding.restrictPreimage theorem Set.restrictPreimage_openEmbedding (s : Set β) (h : OpenEmbedding f) : OpenEmbedding (s.restrictPreimage f) := ⟨h.1.restrictPreimage s, (s.range_restrictPreimage f).symm ▸ continuous_subtype_val.isOpen_preimage _ h.isOpen_range⟩ #align set.restrict_preimage_open_embedding Set.restrictPreimage_openEmbedding alias OpenEmbedding.restrictPreimage := Set.restrictPreimage_openEmbedding #align open_embedding.restrict_preimage OpenEmbedding.restrictPreimage theorem Set.restrictPreimage_closedEmbedding (s : Set β) (h : ClosedEmbedding f) : ClosedEmbedding (s.restrictPreimage f) := ⟨h.1.restrictPreimage s, (s.range_restrictPreimage f).symm ▸ inducing_subtype_val.isClosed_preimage _ h.isClosed_range⟩ #align set.restrict_preimage_closed_embedding Set.restrictPreimage_closedEmbedding alias ClosedEmbedding.restrictPreimage := Set.restrictPreimage_closedEmbedding #align closed_embedding.restrict_preimage ClosedEmbedding.restrictPreimage theorem IsClosedMap.restrictPreimage (H : IsClosedMap f) (s : Set β) : IsClosedMap (s.restrictPreimage f) := by intro t suffices ∀ u, IsClosed u → Subtype.val ⁻¹' u = t → ∃ v, IsClosed v ∧ Subtype.val ⁻¹' v = s.restrictPreimage f '' t by simpa [isClosed_induced_iff] exact fun u hu e => ⟨f '' u, H u hu, by simp [← e, image_restrictPreimage]⟩ @[deprecated (since := "2024-04-02")] theorem Set.restrictPreimage_isClosedMap (s : Set β) (H : IsClosedMap f) : IsClosedMap (s.restrictPreimage f) := H.restrictPreimage s theorem IsOpenMap.restrictPreimage (H : IsOpenMap f) (s : Set β) : IsOpenMap (s.restrictPreimage f) := by intro t suffices ∀ u, IsOpen u → Subtype.val ⁻¹' u = t → ∃ v, IsOpen v ∧ Subtype.val ⁻¹' v = s.restrictPreimage f '' t by simpa [isOpen_induced_iff] exact fun u hu e => ⟨f '' u, H u hu, by simp [← e, image_restrictPreimage]⟩ @[deprecated (since := "2024-04-02")] theorem Set.restrictPreimage_isOpenMap (s : Set β) (H : IsOpenMap f) : IsOpenMap (s.restrictPreimage f) := H.restrictPreimage s theorem isOpen_iff_inter_of_iSup_eq_top (s : Set β) : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ i, IsOpen (s ∩ U i) := by constructor · exact fun H i => H.inter (U i).2 · intro H have : ⋃ i, (U i : Set β) = Set.univ := by convert congr_arg (SetLike.coe) hU simp rw [← s.inter_univ, ← this, Set.inter_iUnion] exact isOpen_iUnion H #align is_open_iff_inter_of_supr_eq_top isOpen_iff_inter_of_iSup_eq_top theorem isOpen_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top (s : Set β) : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ i, IsOpen ((↑) ⁻¹' s : Set (U i)) := by -- Porting note: rewrote to avoid ´simp´ issues rw [isOpen_iff_inter_of_iSup_eq_top hU s] refine forall_congr' fun i => ?_ rw [(U _).2.openEmbedding_subtype_val.open_iff_image_open] erw [Set.image_preimage_eq_inter_range] rw [Subtype.range_coe, Opens.carrier_eq_coe] #align is_open_iff_coe_preimage_of_supr_eq_top isOpen_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top theorem isClosed_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top (s : Set β) : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ i, IsClosed ((↑) ⁻¹' s : Set (U i)) := by simpa using isOpen_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top hU sᶜ #align is_closed_iff_coe_preimage_of_supr_eq_top isClosed_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top theorem isClosedMap_iff_isClosedMap_of_iSup_eq_top : IsClosedMap f ↔ ∀ i, IsClosedMap ((U i).1.restrictPreimage f) := by refine ⟨fun h i => h.restrictPreimage _, ?_⟩ rintro H s hs rw [isClosed_iff_coe_preimage_of_iSup_eq_top hU] intro i convert H i _ ⟨⟨_, hs.1, eq_compl_comm.mpr rfl⟩⟩ ext ⟨x, hx⟩ suffices (∃ y, y ∈ s ∧ f y = x) ↔ ∃ y, y ∈ s ∧ f y ∈ U i ∧ f y = x by simpa [Set.restrictPreimage, ← Subtype.coe_inj] exact ⟨fun ⟨a, b, c⟩ => ⟨a, b, c.symm ▸ hx, c⟩, fun ⟨a, b, _, c⟩ => ⟨a, b, c⟩⟩ #align is_closed_map_iff_is_closed_map_of_supr_eq_top isClosedMap_iff_isClosedMap_of_iSup_eq_top
Mathlib/Topology/LocalAtTarget.lean
129
145
theorem inducing_iff_inducing_of_iSup_eq_top (h : Continuous f) : Inducing f ↔ ∀ i, Inducing ((U i).1.restrictPreimage f) := by
simp_rw [← inducing_subtype_val.of_comp_iff, inducing_iff_nhds, restrictPreimage, MapsTo.coe_restrict, restrict_eq, ← @Filter.comap_comap _ _ _ _ _ f] constructor · intro H i x rw [Function.comp_apply, ← H, ← inducing_subtype_val.nhds_eq_comap] · intro H x obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ := Opens.mem_iSup.mp (show f x ∈ iSup U by rw [hU] trivial) erw [← OpenEmbedding.map_nhds_eq (h.1 _ (U i).2).openEmbedding_subtype_val ⟨x, hi⟩] rw [(H i) ⟨x, hi⟩, Filter.subtype_coe_map_comap, Function.comp_apply, Subtype.coe_mk, inf_eq_left, Filter.le_principal_iff] exact Filter.preimage_mem_comap ((U i).2.mem_nhds hi)
import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Data.Nat.GCD.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Nat.PrimeFin import Mathlib.NumberTheory.Padics.PadicVal import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Finset.Nat #align_import data.nat.factorization.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f694c7dead66f5d4c80f446c796a5aad14707f0e" -- Workaround for lean4#2038 attribute [-instance] instBEqNat open Nat Finset List Finsupp namespace Nat variable {a b m n p : ℕ} def factorization (n : ℕ) : ℕ →₀ ℕ where support := n.primeFactors toFun p := if p.Prime then padicValNat p n else 0 mem_support_toFun := by simp [not_or]; aesop #align nat.factorization Nat.factorization @[simp] lemma support_factorization (n : ℕ) : (factorization n).support = n.primeFactors := rfl theorem factorization_def (n : ℕ) {p : ℕ} (pp : p.Prime) : n.factorization p = padicValNat p n := by simpa [factorization] using absurd pp #align nat.factorization_def Nat.factorization_def @[simp] theorem factors_count_eq {n p : ℕ} : n.factors.count p = n.factorization p := by rcases n.eq_zero_or_pos with (rfl | hn0) · simp [factorization, count] if pp : p.Prime then ?_ else rw [count_eq_zero_of_not_mem (mt prime_of_mem_factors pp)] simp [factorization, pp] simp only [factorization_def _ pp] apply _root_.le_antisymm · rw [le_padicValNat_iff_replicate_subperm_factors pp hn0.ne'] exact List.le_count_iff_replicate_sublist.mp le_rfl |>.subperm · rw [← lt_add_one_iff, lt_iff_not_ge, ge_iff_le, le_padicValNat_iff_replicate_subperm_factors pp hn0.ne'] intro h have := h.count_le p simp at this #align nat.factors_count_eq Nat.factors_count_eq theorem factorization_eq_factors_multiset (n : ℕ) : n.factorization = Multiset.toFinsupp (n.factors : Multiset ℕ) := by ext p simp #align nat.factorization_eq_factors_multiset Nat.factorization_eq_factors_multiset theorem multiplicity_eq_factorization {n p : ℕ} (pp : p.Prime) (hn : n ≠ 0) : multiplicity p n = n.factorization p := by simp [factorization, pp, padicValNat_def' pp.ne_one hn.bot_lt] #align nat.multiplicity_eq_factorization Nat.multiplicity_eq_factorization @[simp] theorem factorization_prod_pow_eq_self {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) : n.factorization.prod (· ^ ·) = n := by rw [factorization_eq_factors_multiset n] simp only [← prod_toMultiset, factorization, Multiset.prod_coe, Multiset.toFinsupp_toMultiset] exact prod_factors hn #align nat.factorization_prod_pow_eq_self Nat.factorization_prod_pow_eq_self theorem eq_of_factorization_eq {a b : ℕ} (ha : a ≠ 0) (hb : b ≠ 0) (h : ∀ p : ℕ, a.factorization p = b.factorization p) : a = b := eq_of_perm_factors ha hb (by simpa only [List.perm_iff_count, factors_count_eq] using h) #align nat.eq_of_factorization_eq Nat.eq_of_factorization_eq theorem factorization_inj : Set.InjOn factorization { x : ℕ | x ≠ 0 } := fun a ha b hb h => eq_of_factorization_eq ha hb fun p => by simp [h] #align nat.factorization_inj Nat.factorization_inj @[simp] theorem factorization_zero : factorization 0 = 0 := by ext; simp [factorization] #align nat.factorization_zero Nat.factorization_zero @[simp] theorem factorization_one : factorization 1 = 0 := by ext; simp [factorization] #align nat.factorization_one Nat.factorization_one #noalign nat.support_factorization #align nat.factor_iff_mem_factorization Nat.mem_primeFactors_iff_mem_factors #align nat.prime_of_mem_factorization Nat.prime_of_mem_primeFactors #align nat.pos_of_mem_factorization Nat.pos_of_mem_primeFactors #align nat.le_of_mem_factorization Nat.le_of_mem_primeFactors theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff (n p : ℕ) : n.factorization p = 0 ↔ ¬p.Prime ∨ ¬p ∣ n ∨ n = 0 := by simp_rw [← not_mem_support_iff, support_factorization, mem_primeFactors, not_and_or, not_ne_iff] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff Nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime (n : ℕ) {p : ℕ} (hp : ¬p.Prime) : n.factorization p = 0 := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_iff, hp] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd {n p : ℕ} (h : ¬p ∣ n) : n.factorization p = 0 := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_iff, h] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_lt {n p : ℕ} (h : n < p) : n.factorization p = 0 := Finsupp.not_mem_support_iff.mp (mt le_of_mem_primeFactors (not_le_of_lt h)) #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_lt Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_lt @[simp] theorem factorization_zero_right (n : ℕ) : n.factorization 0 = 0 := factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime _ not_prime_zero #align nat.factorization_zero_right Nat.factorization_zero_right @[simp] theorem factorization_one_right (n : ℕ) : n.factorization 1 = 0 := factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime _ not_prime_one #align nat.factorization_one_right Nat.factorization_one_right theorem dvd_of_factorization_pos {n p : ℕ} (hn : n.factorization p ≠ 0) : p ∣ n := dvd_of_mem_factors <| mem_primeFactors_iff_mem_factors.1 <| mem_support_iff.2 hn #align nat.dvd_of_factorization_pos Nat.dvd_of_factorization_pos theorem Prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd {n p : ℕ} (hp : p.Prime) (hn : n ≠ 0) (h : p ∣ n) : 0 < n.factorization p := by rwa [← factors_count_eq, count_pos_iff_mem, mem_factors_iff_dvd hn hp] #align nat.prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd Nat.Prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder {p r : ℕ} (i : ℕ) (hr : ¬p ∣ r) : (p * i + r).factorization p = 0 := by apply factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd rwa [← Nat.dvd_add_iff_right (Dvd.intro i rfl)] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder {p r : ℕ} (i : ℕ) (pp : p.Prime) (hr0 : r ≠ 0) : ¬p ∣ r ↔ (p * i + r).factorization p = 0 := by refine ⟨factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder i, fun h => ?_⟩ rw [factorization_eq_zero_iff] at h contrapose! h refine ⟨pp, ?_, ?_⟩ · rwa [← Nat.dvd_add_iff_right (dvd_mul_right p i)] · contrapose! hr0 exact (add_eq_zero_iff.mp hr0).2 #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder Nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff' (n : ℕ) : n.factorization = 0 ↔ n = 0 ∨ n = 1 := by rw [factorization_eq_factors_multiset n] simp [factorization, AddEquiv.map_eq_zero_iff, Multiset.coe_eq_zero] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff' Nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff' @[simp] theorem factorization_mul {a b : ℕ} (ha : a ≠ 0) (hb : b ≠ 0) : (a * b).factorization = a.factorization + b.factorization := by ext p simp only [add_apply, ← factors_count_eq, perm_iff_count.mp (perm_factors_mul ha hb) p, count_append] #align nat.factorization_mul Nat.factorization_mul #align nat.factorization_mul_support Nat.primeFactors_mul lemma prod_factorization_eq_prod_primeFactors {β : Type*} [CommMonoid β] (f : ℕ → ℕ → β) : n.factorization.prod f = ∏ p ∈ n.primeFactors, f p (n.factorization p) := rfl #align nat.prod_factorization_eq_prod_factors Nat.prod_factorization_eq_prod_primeFactors lemma prod_primeFactors_prod_factorization {β : Type*} [CommMonoid β] (f : ℕ → β) : ∏ p ∈ n.primeFactors, f p = n.factorization.prod (fun p _ ↦ f p) := rfl theorem factorization_prod {α : Type*} {S : Finset α} {g : α → ℕ} (hS : ∀ x ∈ S, g x ≠ 0) : (S.prod g).factorization = S.sum fun x => (g x).factorization := by classical ext p refine Finset.induction_on' S ?_ ?_ · simp · intro x T hxS hTS hxT IH have hT : T.prod g ≠ 0 := prod_ne_zero_iff.mpr fun x hx => hS x (hTS hx) simp [prod_insert hxT, sum_insert hxT, ← IH, factorization_mul (hS x hxS) hT] #align nat.factorization_prod Nat.factorization_prod @[simp] theorem factorization_pow (n k : ℕ) : factorization (n ^ k) = k • n.factorization := by induction' k with k ih; · simp rcases eq_or_ne n 0 with (rfl | hn) · simp rw [Nat.pow_succ, mul_comm, factorization_mul hn (pow_ne_zero _ hn), ih, add_smul, one_smul, add_comm] #align nat.factorization_pow Nat.factorization_pow @[simp] protected theorem Prime.factorization {p : ℕ} (hp : Prime p) : p.factorization = single p 1 := by ext q rw [← factors_count_eq, factors_prime hp, single_apply, count_singleton', if_congr eq_comm] <;> rfl #align nat.prime.factorization Nat.Prime.factorization @[simp] theorem Prime.factorization_self {p : ℕ} (hp : Prime p) : p.factorization p = 1 := by simp [hp] #align nat.prime.factorization_self Nat.Prime.factorization_self theorem Prime.factorization_pow {p k : ℕ} (hp : Prime p) : (p ^ k).factorization = single p k := by simp [hp] #align nat.prime.factorization_pow Nat.Prime.factorization_pow theorem eq_pow_of_factorization_eq_single {n p k : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) (h : n.factorization = Finsupp.single p k) : n = p ^ k := by -- Porting note: explicitly added `Finsupp.prod_single_index` rw [← Nat.factorization_prod_pow_eq_self hn, h, Finsupp.prod_single_index] simp #align nat.eq_pow_of_factorization_eq_single Nat.eq_pow_of_factorization_eq_single theorem Prime.eq_of_factorization_pos {p q : ℕ} (hp : Prime p) (h : p.factorization q ≠ 0) : p = q := by simpa [hp.factorization, single_apply] using h #align nat.prime.eq_of_factorization_pos Nat.Prime.eq_of_factorization_pos theorem prod_pow_factorization_eq_self {f : ℕ →₀ ℕ} (hf : ∀ p : ℕ, p ∈ f.support → Prime p) : (f.prod (· ^ ·)).factorization = f := by have h : ∀ x : ℕ, x ∈ f.support → x ^ f x ≠ 0 := fun p hp => pow_ne_zero _ (Prime.ne_zero (hf p hp)) simp only [Finsupp.prod, factorization_prod h] conv => rhs rw [(sum_single f).symm] exact sum_congr rfl fun p hp => Prime.factorization_pow (hf p hp) #align nat.prod_pow_factorization_eq_self Nat.prod_pow_factorization_eq_self theorem eq_factorization_iff {n : ℕ} {f : ℕ →₀ ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) (hf : ∀ p ∈ f.support, Prime p) : f = n.factorization ↔ f.prod (· ^ ·) = n := ⟨fun h => by rw [h, factorization_prod_pow_eq_self hn], fun h => by rw [← h, prod_pow_factorization_eq_self hf]⟩ #align nat.eq_factorization_iff Nat.eq_factorization_iff def factorizationEquiv : ℕ+ ≃ { f : ℕ →₀ ℕ | ∀ p ∈ f.support, Prime p } where toFun := fun ⟨n, _⟩ => ⟨n.factorization, fun _ => prime_of_mem_primeFactors⟩ invFun := fun ⟨f, hf⟩ => ⟨f.prod _, prod_pow_pos_of_zero_not_mem_support fun H => not_prime_zero (hf 0 H)⟩ left_inv := fun ⟨_, hx⟩ => Subtype.ext <| factorization_prod_pow_eq_self hx.ne.symm right_inv := fun ⟨_, hf⟩ => Subtype.ext <| prod_pow_factorization_eq_self hf #align nat.factorization_equiv Nat.factorizationEquiv theorem factorizationEquiv_apply (n : ℕ+) : (factorizationEquiv n).1 = n.1.factorization := by cases n rfl #align nat.factorization_equiv_apply Nat.factorizationEquiv_apply theorem factorizationEquiv_inv_apply {f : ℕ →₀ ℕ} (hf : ∀ p ∈ f.support, Prime p) : (factorizationEquiv.symm ⟨f, hf⟩).1 = f.prod (· ^ ·) := rfl #align nat.factorization_equiv_inv_apply Nat.factorizationEquiv_inv_apply -- Porting note: Lean 4 thinks we need `HPow` without this set_option quotPrecheck false in notation "ord_proj[" p "] " n:arg => p ^ Nat.factorization n p notation "ord_compl[" p "] " n:arg => n / ord_proj[p] n @[simp] theorem ord_proj_of_not_prime (n p : ℕ) (hp : ¬p.Prime) : ord_proj[p] n = 1 := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime n hp] #align nat.ord_proj_of_not_prime Nat.ord_proj_of_not_prime @[simp] theorem ord_compl_of_not_prime (n p : ℕ) (hp : ¬p.Prime) : ord_compl[p] n = n := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime n hp] #align nat.ord_compl_of_not_prime Nat.ord_compl_of_not_prime theorem ord_proj_dvd (n p : ℕ) : ord_proj[p] n ∣ n := by if hp : p.Prime then ?_ else simp [hp] rw [← factors_count_eq] apply dvd_of_factors_subperm (pow_ne_zero _ hp.ne_zero) rw [hp.factors_pow, List.subperm_ext_iff] intro q hq simp [List.eq_of_mem_replicate hq] #align nat.ord_proj_dvd Nat.ord_proj_dvd theorem ord_compl_dvd (n p : ℕ) : ord_compl[p] n ∣ n := div_dvd_of_dvd (ord_proj_dvd n p) #align nat.ord_compl_dvd Nat.ord_compl_dvd theorem ord_proj_pos (n p : ℕ) : 0 < ord_proj[p] n := by if pp : p.Prime then simp [pow_pos pp.pos] else simp [pp] #align nat.ord_proj_pos Nat.ord_proj_pos theorem ord_proj_le {n : ℕ} (p : ℕ) (hn : n ≠ 0) : ord_proj[p] n ≤ n := le_of_dvd hn.bot_lt (Nat.ord_proj_dvd n p) #align nat.ord_proj_le Nat.ord_proj_le theorem ord_compl_pos {n : ℕ} (p : ℕ) (hn : n ≠ 0) : 0 < ord_compl[p] n := by if pp : p.Prime then exact Nat.div_pos (ord_proj_le p hn) (ord_proj_pos n p) else simpa [Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime n pp] using hn.bot_lt #align nat.ord_compl_pos Nat.ord_compl_pos theorem ord_compl_le (n p : ℕ) : ord_compl[p] n ≤ n := Nat.div_le_self _ _ #align nat.ord_compl_le Nat.ord_compl_le theorem ord_proj_mul_ord_compl_eq_self (n p : ℕ) : ord_proj[p] n * ord_compl[p] n = n := Nat.mul_div_cancel' (ord_proj_dvd n p) #align nat.ord_proj_mul_ord_compl_eq_self Nat.ord_proj_mul_ord_compl_eq_self theorem ord_proj_mul {a b : ℕ} (p : ℕ) (ha : a ≠ 0) (hb : b ≠ 0) : ord_proj[p] (a * b) = ord_proj[p] a * ord_proj[p] b := by simp [factorization_mul ha hb, pow_add] #align nat.ord_proj_mul Nat.ord_proj_mul theorem ord_compl_mul (a b p : ℕ) : ord_compl[p] (a * b) = ord_compl[p] a * ord_compl[p] b := by if ha : a = 0 then simp [ha] else if hb : b = 0 then simp [hb] else simp only [ord_proj_mul p ha hb] rw [div_mul_div_comm (ord_proj_dvd a p) (ord_proj_dvd b p)] #align nat.ord_compl_mul Nat.ord_compl_mul #align nat.dvd_of_mem_factorization Nat.dvd_of_mem_primeFactors theorem factorization_lt {n : ℕ} (p : ℕ) (hn : n ≠ 0) : n.factorization p < n := by by_cases pp : p.Prime · exact (pow_lt_pow_iff_right pp.one_lt).1 <| (ord_proj_le p hn).trans_lt <| lt_pow_self pp.one_lt _ · simpa only [factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime n pp] using hn.bot_lt #align nat.factorization_lt Nat.factorization_lt theorem factorization_le_of_le_pow {n p b : ℕ} (hb : n ≤ p ^ b) : n.factorization p ≤ b := by if hn : n = 0 then simp [hn] else if pp : p.Prime then exact (pow_le_pow_iff_right pp.one_lt).1 ((ord_proj_le p hn).trans hb) else simp [factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime n pp] #align nat.factorization_le_of_le_pow Nat.factorization_le_of_le_pow theorem factorization_le_iff_dvd {d n : ℕ} (hd : d ≠ 0) (hn : n ≠ 0) : d.factorization ≤ n.factorization ↔ d ∣ n := by constructor · intro hdn set K := n.factorization - d.factorization with hK use K.prod (· ^ ·) rw [← factorization_prod_pow_eq_self hn, ← factorization_prod_pow_eq_self hd, ← Finsupp.prod_add_index' pow_zero pow_add, hK, add_tsub_cancel_of_le hdn] · rintro ⟨c, rfl⟩ rw [factorization_mul hd (right_ne_zero_of_mul hn)] simp #align nat.factorization_le_iff_dvd Nat.factorization_le_iff_dvd theorem factorization_prime_le_iff_dvd {d n : ℕ} (hd : d ≠ 0) (hn : n ≠ 0) : (∀ p : ℕ, p.Prime → d.factorization p ≤ n.factorization p) ↔ d ∣ n := by rw [← factorization_le_iff_dvd hd hn] refine ⟨fun h p => (em p.Prime).elim (h p) fun hp => ?_, fun h p _ => h p⟩ simp_rw [factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime _ hp] rfl #align nat.factorization_prime_le_iff_dvd Nat.factorization_prime_le_iff_dvd theorem pow_succ_factorization_not_dvd {n p : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) (hp : p.Prime) : ¬p ^ (n.factorization p + 1) ∣ n := by intro h rw [← factorization_le_iff_dvd (pow_pos hp.pos _).ne' hn] at h simpa [hp.factorization] using h p #align nat.pow_succ_factorization_not_dvd Nat.pow_succ_factorization_not_dvd theorem factorization_le_factorization_mul_left {a b : ℕ} (hb : b ≠ 0) : a.factorization ≤ (a * b).factorization := by rcases eq_or_ne a 0 with (rfl | ha) · simp rw [factorization_le_iff_dvd ha <| mul_ne_zero ha hb] exact Dvd.intro b rfl #align nat.factorization_le_factorization_mul_left Nat.factorization_le_factorization_mul_left theorem factorization_le_factorization_mul_right {a b : ℕ} (ha : a ≠ 0) : b.factorization ≤ (a * b).factorization := by rw [mul_comm] apply factorization_le_factorization_mul_left ha #align nat.factorization_le_factorization_mul_right Nat.factorization_le_factorization_mul_right theorem Prime.pow_dvd_iff_le_factorization {p k n : ℕ} (pp : Prime p) (hn : n ≠ 0) : p ^ k ∣ n ↔ k ≤ n.factorization p := by rw [← factorization_le_iff_dvd (pow_pos pp.pos k).ne' hn, pp.factorization_pow, single_le_iff] #align nat.prime.pow_dvd_iff_le_factorization Nat.Prime.pow_dvd_iff_le_factorization
Mathlib/Data/Nat/Factorization/Basic.lean
456
458
theorem Prime.pow_dvd_iff_dvd_ord_proj {p k n : ℕ} (pp : Prime p) (hn : n ≠ 0) : p ^ k ∣ n ↔ p ^ k ∣ ord_proj[p] n := by
rw [pow_dvd_pow_iff_le_right pp.one_lt, pp.pow_dvd_iff_le_factorization hn]
import Mathlib.Order.Disjoint #align_import order.prop_instances from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"6623e6af705e97002a9054c1c05a980180276fc1" instance Prop.instDistribLattice : DistribLattice Prop where sup := Or le_sup_left := @Or.inl le_sup_right := @Or.inr sup_le := fun _ _ _ => Or.rec inf := And inf_le_left := @And.left inf_le_right := @And.right le_inf := fun _ _ _ Hab Hac Ha => And.intro (Hab Ha) (Hac Ha) le_sup_inf := fun _ _ _ => or_and_left.2 #align Prop.distrib_lattice Prop.instDistribLattice instance Prop.instBoundedOrder : BoundedOrder Prop where top := True le_top _ _ := True.intro bot := False bot_le := @False.elim #align Prop.bounded_order Prop.instBoundedOrder @[simp] theorem Prop.bot_eq_false : (⊥ : Prop) = False := rfl #align Prop.bot_eq_false Prop.bot_eq_false @[simp] theorem Prop.top_eq_true : (⊤ : Prop) = True := rfl #align Prop.top_eq_true Prop.top_eq_true instance Prop.le_isTotal : IsTotal Prop (· ≤ ·) := ⟨fun p q => by by_cases h : q <;> simp [h]⟩ #align Prop.le_is_total Prop.le_isTotal noncomputable instance Prop.linearOrder : LinearOrder Prop := by classical exact Lattice.toLinearOrder Prop #align Prop.linear_order Prop.linearOrder @[simp] theorem sup_Prop_eq : (· ⊔ ·) = (· ∨ ·) := rfl #align sup_Prop_eq sup_Prop_eq @[simp] theorem inf_Prop_eq : (· ⊓ ·) = (· ∧ ·) := rfl #align inf_Prop_eq inf_Prop_eq namespace Pi variable {ι : Type*} {α' : ι → Type*} [∀ i, PartialOrder (α' i)] theorem disjoint_iff [∀ i, OrderBot (α' i)] {f g : ∀ i, α' i} : Disjoint f g ↔ ∀ i, Disjoint (f i) (g i) := by classical constructor · intro h i x hf hg exact (update_le_iff.mp <| h (update_le_iff.mpr ⟨hf, fun _ _ => bot_le⟩) (update_le_iff.mpr ⟨hg, fun _ _ => bot_le⟩)).1 · intro h x hf hg i apply h i (hf i) (hg i) #align pi.disjoint_iff Pi.disjoint_iff theorem codisjoint_iff [∀ i, OrderTop (α' i)] {f g : ∀ i, α' i} : Codisjoint f g ↔ ∀ i, Codisjoint (f i) (g i) := @disjoint_iff _ (fun i => (α' i)ᵒᵈ) _ _ _ _ #align pi.codisjoint_iff Pi.codisjoint_iff
Mathlib/Order/PropInstances.lean
88
90
theorem isCompl_iff [∀ i, BoundedOrder (α' i)] {f g : ∀ i, α' i} : IsCompl f g ↔ ∀ i, IsCompl (f i) (g i) := by
simp_rw [_root_.isCompl_iff, disjoint_iff, codisjoint_iff, forall_and]
import Mathlib.Order.CompleteLattice import Mathlib.Order.GaloisConnection import Mathlib.Data.Set.Lattice import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import data.rel from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"706d88f2b8fdfeb0b22796433d7a6c1a010af9f2" variable {α β γ : Type*} def Rel (α β : Type*) := α → β → Prop -- deriving CompleteLattice, Inhabited #align rel Rel -- Porting note: `deriving` above doesn't work. instance : CompleteLattice (Rel α β) := show CompleteLattice (α → β → Prop) from inferInstance instance : Inhabited (Rel α β) := show Inhabited (α → β → Prop) from inferInstance namespace Rel variable (r : Rel α β) -- Porting note: required for later theorems. @[ext] theorem ext {r s : Rel α β} : (∀ a, r a = s a) → r = s := funext def inv : Rel β α := flip r #align rel.inv Rel.inv theorem inv_def (x : α) (y : β) : r.inv y x ↔ r x y := Iff.rfl #align rel.inv_def Rel.inv_def theorem inv_inv : inv (inv r) = r := by ext x y rfl #align rel.inv_inv Rel.inv_inv def dom := { x | ∃ y, r x y } #align rel.dom Rel.dom theorem dom_mono {r s : Rel α β} (h : r ≤ s) : dom r ⊆ dom s := fun a ⟨b, hx⟩ => ⟨b, h a b hx⟩ #align rel.dom_mono Rel.dom_mono def codom := { y | ∃ x, r x y } #align rel.codom Rel.codom theorem codom_inv : r.inv.codom = r.dom := by ext x rfl #align rel.codom_inv Rel.codom_inv theorem dom_inv : r.inv.dom = r.codom := by ext x rfl #align rel.dom_inv Rel.dom_inv def comp (r : Rel α β) (s : Rel β γ) : Rel α γ := fun x z => ∃ y, r x y ∧ s y z #align rel.comp Rel.comp -- Porting note: the original `∘` syntax can't be overloaded here, lean considers it ambiguous. local infixr:90 " • " => Rel.comp theorem comp_assoc {δ : Type*} (r : Rel α β) (s : Rel β γ) (t : Rel γ δ) : (r • s) • t = r • (s • t) := by unfold comp; ext (x w); constructor · rintro ⟨z, ⟨y, rxy, syz⟩, tzw⟩; exact ⟨y, rxy, z, syz, tzw⟩ · rintro ⟨y, rxy, z, syz, tzw⟩; exact ⟨z, ⟨y, rxy, syz⟩, tzw⟩ #align rel.comp_assoc Rel.comp_assoc @[simp] theorem comp_right_id (r : Rel α β) : r • @Eq β = r := by unfold comp ext y simp #align rel.comp_right_id Rel.comp_right_id @[simp] theorem comp_left_id (r : Rel α β) : @Eq α • r = r := by unfold comp ext x simp #align rel.comp_left_id Rel.comp_left_id @[simp] theorem comp_right_bot (r : Rel α β) : r • (⊥ : Rel β γ) = ⊥ := by ext x y simp [comp, Bot.bot] @[simp] theorem comp_left_bot (r : Rel α β) : (⊥ : Rel γ α) • r = ⊥ := by ext x y simp [comp, Bot.bot] @[simp] theorem comp_right_top (r : Rel α β) : r • (⊤ : Rel β γ) = fun x _ ↦ x ∈ r.dom := by ext x z simp [comp, Top.top, dom] @[simp] theorem comp_left_top (r : Rel α β) : (⊤ : Rel γ α) • r = fun _ y ↦ y ∈ r.codom := by ext x z simp [comp, Top.top, codom]
Mathlib/Data/Rel.lean
145
147
theorem inv_id : inv (@Eq α) = @Eq α := by
ext x y constructor <;> apply Eq.symm
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.SetSemiring open MeasurableSpace Set namespace MeasureTheory variable {α : Type*} {𝒜 : Set (Set α)} {s t : Set α} structure IsSetAlgebra (𝒜 : Set (Set α)) : Prop where empty_mem : ∅ ∈ 𝒜 compl_mem : ∀ ⦃s⦄, s ∈ 𝒜 → sᶜ ∈ 𝒜 union_mem : ∀ ⦃s t⦄, s ∈ 𝒜 → t ∈ 𝒜 → s ∪ t ∈ 𝒜 section generateSetAlgebra inductive generateSetAlgebra {α : Type*} (𝒜 : Set (Set α)) : Set (Set α) | base (s : Set α) (s_mem : s ∈ 𝒜) : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 s | empty : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 ∅ | compl (s : Set α) (hs : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 s) : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 sᶜ | union (s t : Set α) (hs : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 s) (ht : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 t) : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 (s ∪ t) theorem isSetAlgebra_generateSetAlgebra : IsSetAlgebra (generateSetAlgebra 𝒜) where empty_mem := generateSetAlgebra.empty compl_mem := fun _ hs ↦ generateSetAlgebra.compl _ hs union_mem := fun _ _ hs ht ↦ generateSetAlgebra.union _ _ hs ht theorem self_subset_generateSetAlgebra : 𝒜 ⊆ generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 := fun _ ↦ generateSetAlgebra.base _ @[simp] theorem generateFrom_generateSetAlgebra_eq : generateFrom (generateSetAlgebra 𝒜) = generateFrom 𝒜 := by refine le_antisymm (fun s ms ↦ ?_) (generateFrom_mono self_subset_generateSetAlgebra) refine @generateFrom_induction _ _ (generateSetAlgebra 𝒜) (fun t ht ↦ ?_) (@MeasurableSet.empty _ (generateFrom 𝒜)) (fun t ↦ MeasurableSet.compl) (fun f hf ↦ MeasurableSet.iUnion hf) s ms induction ht with | base u u_mem => exact measurableSet_generateFrom u_mem | empty => exact @MeasurableSet.empty _ (generateFrom 𝒜) | compl u _ mu => exact mu.compl | union u v _ _ mu mv => exact MeasurableSet.union mu mv
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/SetAlgebra.lean
138
145
theorem generateSetAlgebra_mono {ℬ : Set (Set α)} (h : 𝒜 ⊆ ℬ) : generateSetAlgebra 𝒜 ⊆ generateSetAlgebra ℬ := by
intro s hs induction hs with | base t t_mem => exact self_subset_generateSetAlgebra (h t_mem) | empty => exact isSetAlgebra_generateSetAlgebra.empty_mem | compl t _ t_mem => exact isSetAlgebra_generateSetAlgebra.compl_mem t_mem | union t u _ _ t_mem u_mem => exact isSetAlgebra_generateSetAlgebra.union_mem t_mem u_mem
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Function import Mathlib.Logic.Relation import Mathlib.Logic.Pairwise #align_import data.set.pairwise.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c4c2ed622f43768eff32608d4a0f8a6cec1c047d" open Function Order Set variable {α β γ ι ι' : Type*} {r p q : α → α → Prop} section Pairwise variable {f g : ι → α} {s t u : Set α} {a b : α} theorem pairwise_on_bool (hr : Symmetric r) {a b : α} : Pairwise (r on fun c => cond c a b) ↔ r a b := by simpa [Pairwise, Function.onFun] using @hr a b #align pairwise_on_bool pairwise_on_bool theorem pairwise_disjoint_on_bool [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] {a b : α} : Pairwise (Disjoint on fun c => cond c a b) ↔ Disjoint a b := pairwise_on_bool Disjoint.symm #align pairwise_disjoint_on_bool pairwise_disjoint_on_bool theorem Symmetric.pairwise_on [LinearOrder ι] (hr : Symmetric r) (f : ι → α) : Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∀ ⦃m n⦄, m < n → r (f m) (f n) := ⟨fun h _m _n hmn => h hmn.ne, fun h _m _n hmn => hmn.lt_or_lt.elim (@h _ _) fun h' => hr (h h')⟩ #align symmetric.pairwise_on Symmetric.pairwise_on theorem pairwise_disjoint_on [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] [LinearOrder ι] (f : ι → α) : Pairwise (Disjoint on f) ↔ ∀ ⦃m n⦄, m < n → Disjoint (f m) (f n) := Symmetric.pairwise_on Disjoint.symm f #align pairwise_disjoint_on pairwise_disjoint_on theorem pairwise_disjoint_mono [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] (hs : Pairwise (Disjoint on f)) (h : g ≤ f) : Pairwise (Disjoint on g) := hs.mono fun i j hij => Disjoint.mono (h i) (h j) hij #align pairwise_disjoint.mono pairwise_disjoint_mono namespace Set theorem Pairwise.mono (h : t ⊆ s) (hs : s.Pairwise r) : t.Pairwise r := fun _x xt _y yt => hs (h xt) (h yt) #align set.pairwise.mono Set.Pairwise.mono theorem Pairwise.mono' (H : r ≤ p) (hr : s.Pairwise r) : s.Pairwise p := hr.imp H #align set.pairwise.mono' Set.Pairwise.mono' theorem pairwise_top (s : Set α) : s.Pairwise ⊤ := pairwise_of_forall s _ fun _ _ => trivial #align set.pairwise_top Set.pairwise_top protected theorem Subsingleton.pairwise (h : s.Subsingleton) (r : α → α → Prop) : s.Pairwise r := fun _x hx _y hy hne => (hne (h hx hy)).elim #align set.subsingleton.pairwise Set.Subsingleton.pairwise @[simp] theorem pairwise_empty (r : α → α → Prop) : (∅ : Set α).Pairwise r := subsingleton_empty.pairwise r #align set.pairwise_empty Set.pairwise_empty @[simp] theorem pairwise_singleton (a : α) (r : α → α → Prop) : Set.Pairwise {a} r := subsingleton_singleton.pairwise r #align set.pairwise_singleton Set.pairwise_singleton theorem pairwise_iff_of_refl [IsRefl α r] : s.Pairwise r ↔ ∀ ⦃a⦄, a ∈ s → ∀ ⦃b⦄, b ∈ s → r a b := forall₄_congr fun _ _ _ _ => or_iff_not_imp_left.symm.trans <| or_iff_right_of_imp of_eq #align set.pairwise_iff_of_refl Set.pairwise_iff_of_refl alias ⟨Pairwise.of_refl, _⟩ := pairwise_iff_of_refl #align set.pairwise.of_refl Set.Pairwise.of_refl theorem Nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall [IsEquiv α r] {s : Set ι} (hs : s.Nonempty) : s.Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, r (f x) z := by constructor · rcases hs with ⟨y, hy⟩ refine fun H => ⟨f y, fun x hx => ?_⟩ rcases eq_or_ne x y with (rfl | hne) · apply IsRefl.refl · exact H hx hy hne · rintro ⟨z, hz⟩ x hx y hy _ exact @IsTrans.trans α r _ (f x) z (f y) (hz _ hx) (IsSymm.symm _ _ <| hz _ hy) #align set.nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall Set.Nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall theorem Nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq {s : Set α} (hs : s.Nonempty) {f : α → ι} : (s.Pairwise fun x y => f x = f y) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, f x = z := hs.pairwise_iff_exists_forall #align set.nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq Set.Nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq theorem pairwise_iff_exists_forall [Nonempty ι] (s : Set α) (f : α → ι) {r : ι → ι → Prop} [IsEquiv ι r] : s.Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, r (f x) z := by rcases s.eq_empty_or_nonempty with (rfl | hne) · simp · exact hne.pairwise_iff_exists_forall #align set.pairwise_iff_exists_forall Set.pairwise_iff_exists_forall theorem pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq [Nonempty ι] (s : Set α) (f : α → ι) : (s.Pairwise fun x y => f x = f y) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, f x = z := pairwise_iff_exists_forall s f #align set.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq Set.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq theorem pairwise_union : (s ∪ t).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ t.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ a ∈ s, ∀ b ∈ t, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a := by simp only [Set.Pairwise, mem_union, or_imp, forall_and] exact ⟨fun H => ⟨H.1.1, H.2.2, H.1.2, fun x hx y hy hne => H.2.1 y hy x hx hne.symm⟩, fun H => ⟨⟨H.1, H.2.2.1⟩, fun x hx y hy hne => H.2.2.2 y hy x hx hne.symm, H.2.1⟩⟩ #align set.pairwise_union Set.pairwise_union theorem pairwise_union_of_symmetric (hr : Symmetric r) : (s ∪ t).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ t.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ a ∈ s, ∀ b ∈ t, a ≠ b → r a b := pairwise_union.trans <| by simp only [hr.iff, and_self_iff] #align set.pairwise_union_of_symmetric Set.pairwise_union_of_symmetric theorem pairwise_insert : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a := by simp only [insert_eq, pairwise_union, pairwise_singleton, true_and_iff, mem_singleton_iff, forall_eq] #align set.pairwise_insert Set.pairwise_insert theorem pairwise_insert_of_not_mem (ha : a ∉ s) : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, r a b ∧ r b a := pairwise_insert.trans <| and_congr_right' <| forall₂_congr fun b hb => by simp [(ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hb ha).symm] #align set.pairwise_insert_of_not_mem Set.pairwise_insert_of_not_mem protected theorem Pairwise.insert (hs : s.Pairwise r) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := pairwise_insert.2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert Set.Pairwise.insert theorem Pairwise.insert_of_not_mem (ha : a ∉ s) (hs : s.Pairwise r) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, r a b ∧ r b a) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := (pairwise_insert_of_not_mem ha).2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert_of_not_mem Set.Pairwise.insert_of_not_mem
Mathlib/Data/Set/Pairwise/Basic.lean
173
175
theorem pairwise_insert_of_symmetric (hr : Symmetric r) : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b := by
simp only [pairwise_insert, hr.iff a, and_self_iff]
import Mathlib.Algebra.EuclideanDomain.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.PrincipalIdealDomain import Mathlib.Algebra.GCDMonoid.Nat #align_import ring_theory.int.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e655e4ea5c6d02854696f97494997ba4c31be802" namespace Int theorem gcd_eq_one_iff_coprime {a b : ℤ} : Int.gcd a b = 1 ↔ IsCoprime a b := by constructor · intro hg obtain ⟨ua, -, ha⟩ := exists_unit_of_abs a obtain ⟨ub, -, hb⟩ := exists_unit_of_abs b use Nat.gcdA (Int.natAbs a) (Int.natAbs b) * ua, Nat.gcdB (Int.natAbs a) (Int.natAbs b) * ub rw [mul_assoc, ← ha, mul_assoc, ← hb, mul_comm, mul_comm _ (Int.natAbs b : ℤ), ← Nat.gcd_eq_gcd_ab, ← gcd_eq_natAbs, hg, Int.ofNat_one] · rintro ⟨r, s, h⟩ by_contra hg obtain ⟨p, ⟨hp, ha, hb⟩⟩ := Nat.Prime.not_coprime_iff_dvd.mp hg apply Nat.Prime.not_dvd_one hp rw [← natCast_dvd_natCast, Int.ofNat_one, ← h] exact dvd_add ((natCast_dvd.mpr ha).mul_left _) ((natCast_dvd.mpr hb).mul_left _) #align int.gcd_eq_one_iff_coprime Int.gcd_eq_one_iff_coprime theorem coprime_iff_nat_coprime {a b : ℤ} : IsCoprime a b ↔ Nat.Coprime a.natAbs b.natAbs := by rw [← gcd_eq_one_iff_coprime, Nat.coprime_iff_gcd_eq_one, gcd_eq_natAbs] #align int.coprime_iff_nat_coprime Int.coprime_iff_nat_coprime theorem gcd_ne_one_iff_gcd_mul_right_ne_one {a : ℤ} {m n : ℕ} : a.gcd (m * n) ≠ 1 ↔ a.gcd m ≠ 1 ∨ a.gcd n ≠ 1 := by simp only [gcd_eq_one_iff_coprime, ← not_and_or, not_iff_not, IsCoprime.mul_right_iff] #align int.gcd_ne_one_iff_gcd_mul_right_ne_one Int.gcd_ne_one_iff_gcd_mul_right_ne_one
Mathlib/RingTheory/Int/Basic.lean
59
69
theorem sq_of_gcd_eq_one {a b c : ℤ} (h : Int.gcd a b = 1) (heq : a * b = c ^ 2) : ∃ a0 : ℤ, a = a0 ^ 2 ∨ a = -a0 ^ 2 := by
have h' : IsUnit (GCDMonoid.gcd a b) := by rw [← coe_gcd, h, Int.ofNat_one] exact isUnit_one obtain ⟨d, ⟨u, hu⟩⟩ := exists_associated_pow_of_mul_eq_pow h' heq use d rw [← hu] cases' Int.units_eq_one_or u with hu' hu' <;> · rw [hu'] simp
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Group.Pointwise import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Lebesgue.Basic import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Haar.Basic import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Doubling import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Constructions.BorelSpace.Metric #align_import measure_theory.measure.lebesgue.eq_haar from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fd5edc43dc4f10b85abfe544b88f82cf13c5f844" assert_not_exists MeasureTheory.integral open TopologicalSpace Set Filter Metric Bornology open scoped ENNReal Pointwise Topology NNReal def TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts.Icc01 : PositiveCompacts ℝ where carrier := Icc 0 1 isCompact' := isCompact_Icc interior_nonempty' := by simp_rw [interior_Icc, nonempty_Ioo, zero_lt_one] #align topological_space.positive_compacts.Icc01 TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts.Icc01 universe u def TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts.piIcc01 (ι : Type*) [Finite ι] : PositiveCompacts (ι → ℝ) where carrier := pi univ fun _ => Icc 0 1 isCompact' := isCompact_univ_pi fun _ => isCompact_Icc interior_nonempty' := by simp only [interior_pi_set, Set.toFinite, interior_Icc, univ_pi_nonempty_iff, nonempty_Ioo, imp_true_iff, zero_lt_one] #align topological_space.positive_compacts.pi_Icc01 TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts.piIcc01 theorem Basis.parallelepiped_basisFun (ι : Type*) [Fintype ι] : (Pi.basisFun ℝ ι).parallelepiped = TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts.piIcc01 ι := SetLike.coe_injective <| by refine Eq.trans ?_ ((uIcc_of_le ?_).trans (Set.pi_univ_Icc _ _).symm) · classical convert parallelepiped_single (ι := ι) 1 · exact zero_le_one #align basis.parallelepiped_basis_fun Basis.parallelepiped_basisFun theorem Basis.parallelepiped_eq_map {ι E : Type*} [Fintype ι] [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] (b : Basis ι ℝ E) : b.parallelepiped = (PositiveCompacts.piIcc01 ι).map b.equivFun.symm b.equivFunL.symm.continuous b.equivFunL.symm.isOpenMap := by classical rw [← Basis.parallelepiped_basisFun, ← Basis.parallelepiped_map] congr with x simp open MeasureTheory MeasureTheory.Measure theorem Basis.map_addHaar {ι E F : Type*} [Fintype ι] [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [NormedSpace ℝ F] [MeasurableSpace E] [MeasurableSpace F] [BorelSpace E] [BorelSpace F] [SecondCountableTopology F] [SigmaCompactSpace F] (b : Basis ι ℝ E) (f : E ≃L[ℝ] F) : map f b.addHaar = (b.map f.toLinearEquiv).addHaar := by have : IsAddHaarMeasure (map f b.addHaar) := AddEquiv.isAddHaarMeasure_map b.addHaar f.toAddEquiv f.continuous f.symm.continuous rw [eq_comm, Basis.addHaar_eq_iff, Measure.map_apply f.continuous.measurable (PositiveCompacts.isCompact _).measurableSet, Basis.coe_parallelepiped, Basis.coe_map] erw [← image_parallelepiped, f.toEquiv.preimage_image, addHaar_self] namespace MeasureTheory open Measure TopologicalSpace.PositiveCompacts FiniteDimensional theorem addHaarMeasure_eq_volume : addHaarMeasure Icc01 = volume := by convert (addHaarMeasure_unique volume Icc01).symm; simp [Icc01] #align measure_theory.add_haar_measure_eq_volume MeasureTheory.addHaarMeasure_eq_volume theorem addHaarMeasure_eq_volume_pi (ι : Type*) [Fintype ι] : addHaarMeasure (piIcc01 ι) = volume := by convert (addHaarMeasure_unique volume (piIcc01 ι)).symm simp only [piIcc01, volume_pi_pi fun _ => Icc (0 : ℝ) 1, PositiveCompacts.coe_mk, Compacts.coe_mk, Finset.prod_const_one, ENNReal.ofReal_one, Real.volume_Icc, one_smul, sub_zero] #align measure_theory.add_haar_measure_eq_volume_pi MeasureTheory.addHaarMeasure_eq_volume_pi -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: remove this instance? instance isAddHaarMeasure_volume_pi (ι : Type*) [Fintype ι] : IsAddHaarMeasure (volume : Measure (ι → ℝ)) := inferInstance #align measure_theory.is_add_haar_measure_volume_pi MeasureTheory.isAddHaarMeasure_volume_pi namespace Measure theorem addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates_aux {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] {s : Set E} (u : ℕ → E) (sb : IsBounded s) (hu : IsBounded (range u)) (hs : Pairwise (Disjoint on fun n => {u n} + s)) (h's : MeasurableSet s) : μ s = 0 := by by_contra h apply lt_irrefl ∞ calc ∞ = ∑' _ : ℕ, μ s := (ENNReal.tsum_const_eq_top_of_ne_zero h).symm _ = ∑' n : ℕ, μ ({u n} + s) := by congr 1; ext1 n; simp only [image_add_left, measure_preimage_add, singleton_add] _ = μ (⋃ n, {u n} + s) := Eq.symm <| measure_iUnion hs fun n => by simpa only [image_add_left, singleton_add] using measurable_id.const_add _ h's _ = μ (range u + s) := by rw [← iUnion_add, iUnion_singleton_eq_range] _ < ∞ := (hu.add sb).measure_lt_top #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates_aux MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates_aux theorem addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] {s : Set E} (u : ℕ → E) (hu : IsBounded (range u)) (hs : Pairwise (Disjoint on fun n => {u n} + s)) (h's : MeasurableSet s) : μ s = 0 := by suffices H : ∀ R, μ (s ∩ closedBall 0 R) = 0 by apply le_antisymm _ (zero_le _) calc μ s ≤ ∑' n : ℕ, μ (s ∩ closedBall 0 n) := by conv_lhs => rw [← iUnion_inter_closedBall_nat s 0] exact measure_iUnion_le _ _ = 0 := by simp only [H, tsum_zero] intro R apply addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates_aux μ u (isBounded_closedBall.subset inter_subset_right) hu _ (h's.inter measurableSet_closedBall) refine pairwise_disjoint_mono hs fun n => ?_ exact add_subset_add Subset.rfl inter_subset_left #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates theorem addHaar_submodule {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] (s : Submodule ℝ E) (hs : s ≠ ⊤) : μ s = 0 := by obtain ⟨x, hx⟩ : ∃ x, x ∉ s := by simpa only [Submodule.eq_top_iff', not_exists, Ne, not_forall] using hs obtain ⟨c, cpos, cone⟩ : ∃ c : ℝ, 0 < c ∧ c < 1 := ⟨1 / 2, by norm_num, by norm_num⟩ have A : IsBounded (range fun n : ℕ => c ^ n • x) := have : Tendsto (fun n : ℕ => c ^ n • x) atTop (𝓝 ((0 : ℝ) • x)) := (tendsto_pow_atTop_nhds_zero_of_lt_one cpos.le cone).smul_const x isBounded_range_of_tendsto _ this apply addHaar_eq_zero_of_disjoint_translates μ _ A _ (Submodule.closed_of_finiteDimensional s).measurableSet intro m n hmn simp only [Function.onFun, image_add_left, singleton_add, disjoint_left, mem_preimage, SetLike.mem_coe] intro y hym hyn have A : (c ^ n - c ^ m) • x ∈ s := by convert s.sub_mem hym hyn using 1 simp only [sub_smul, neg_sub_neg, add_sub_add_right_eq_sub] have H : c ^ n - c ^ m ≠ 0 := by simpa only [sub_eq_zero, Ne] using (pow_right_strictAnti cpos cone).injective.ne hmn.symm have : x ∈ s := by convert s.smul_mem (c ^ n - c ^ m)⁻¹ A rw [smul_smul, inv_mul_cancel H, one_smul] exact hx this #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_submodule MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_submodule theorem addHaar_affineSubspace {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] (s : AffineSubspace ℝ E) (hs : s ≠ ⊤) : μ s = 0 := by rcases s.eq_bot_or_nonempty with (rfl | hne) · rw [AffineSubspace.bot_coe, measure_empty] rw [Ne, ← AffineSubspace.direction_eq_top_iff_of_nonempty hne] at hs rcases hne with ⟨x, hx : x ∈ s⟩ simpa only [AffineSubspace.coe_direction_eq_vsub_set_right hx, vsub_eq_sub, sub_eq_add_neg, image_add_right, neg_neg, measure_preimage_add_right] using addHaar_submodule μ s.direction hs #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_affine_subspace MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_affineSubspace theorem map_linearMap_addHaar_pi_eq_smul_addHaar {ι : Type*} [Finite ι] {f : (ι → ℝ) →ₗ[ℝ] ι → ℝ} (hf : LinearMap.det f ≠ 0) (μ : Measure (ι → ℝ)) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] : Measure.map f μ = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (LinearMap.det f)⁻¹) • μ := by cases nonempty_fintype ι have := addHaarMeasure_unique μ (piIcc01 ι) rw [this, addHaarMeasure_eq_volume_pi, Measure.map_smul, Real.map_linearMap_volume_pi_eq_smul_volume_pi hf, smul_comm] #align measure_theory.measure.map_linear_map_add_haar_pi_eq_smul_add_haar MeasureTheory.Measure.map_linearMap_addHaar_pi_eq_smul_addHaar variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℝ F] [CompleteSpace F] theorem map_linearMap_addHaar_eq_smul_addHaar {f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E} (hf : LinearMap.det f ≠ 0) : Measure.map f μ = ENNReal.ofReal |(LinearMap.det f)⁻¹| • μ := by -- we reduce to the case of `E = ι → ℝ`, for which we have already proved the result using -- matrices in `map_linearMap_addHaar_pi_eq_smul_addHaar`. let ι := Fin (finrank ℝ E) haveI : FiniteDimensional ℝ (ι → ℝ) := by infer_instance have : finrank ℝ E = finrank ℝ (ι → ℝ) := by simp [ι] have e : E ≃ₗ[ℝ] ι → ℝ := LinearEquiv.ofFinrankEq E (ι → ℝ) this -- next line is to avoid `g` getting reduced by `simp`. obtain ⟨g, hg⟩ : ∃ g, g = (e : E →ₗ[ℝ] ι → ℝ).comp (f.comp (e.symm : (ι → ℝ) →ₗ[ℝ] E)) := ⟨_, rfl⟩ have gdet : LinearMap.det g = LinearMap.det f := by rw [hg]; exact LinearMap.det_conj f e rw [← gdet] at hf ⊢ have fg : f = (e.symm : (ι → ℝ) →ₗ[ℝ] E).comp (g.comp (e : E →ₗ[ℝ] ι → ℝ)) := by ext x simp only [LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply, LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.symm_apply_apply, hg] simp only [fg, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, LinearMap.coe_comp] have Ce : Continuous e := (e : E →ₗ[ℝ] ι → ℝ).continuous_of_finiteDimensional have Cg : Continuous g := LinearMap.continuous_of_finiteDimensional g have Cesymm : Continuous e.symm := (e.symm : (ι → ℝ) →ₗ[ℝ] E).continuous_of_finiteDimensional rw [← map_map Cesymm.measurable (Cg.comp Ce).measurable, ← map_map Cg.measurable Ce.measurable] haveI : IsAddHaarMeasure (map e μ) := (e : E ≃+ (ι → ℝ)).isAddHaarMeasure_map μ Ce Cesymm have ecomp : e.symm ∘ e = id := by ext x; simp only [id, Function.comp_apply, LinearEquiv.symm_apply_apply] rw [map_linearMap_addHaar_pi_eq_smul_addHaar hf (map e μ), Measure.map_smul, map_map Cesymm.measurable Ce.measurable, ecomp, Measure.map_id] #align measure_theory.measure.map_linear_map_add_haar_eq_smul_add_haar MeasureTheory.Measure.map_linearMap_addHaar_eq_smul_addHaar @[simp] theorem addHaar_preimage_linearMap {f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E} (hf : LinearMap.det f ≠ 0) (s : Set E) : μ (f ⁻¹' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |(LinearMap.det f)⁻¹| * μ s := calc μ (f ⁻¹' s) = Measure.map f μ s := ((f.equivOfDetNeZero hf).toContinuousLinearEquiv.toHomeomorph.toMeasurableEquiv.map_apply s).symm _ = ENNReal.ofReal |(LinearMap.det f)⁻¹| * μ s := by rw [map_linearMap_addHaar_eq_smul_addHaar μ hf]; rfl #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_preimage_linear_map MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_preimage_linearMap @[simp] theorem addHaar_preimage_continuousLinearMap {f : E →L[ℝ] E} (hf : LinearMap.det (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) ≠ 0) (s : Set E) : μ (f ⁻¹' s) = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (LinearMap.det (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E))⁻¹) * μ s := addHaar_preimage_linearMap μ hf s #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_preimage_continuous_linear_map MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_preimage_continuousLinearMap @[simp] theorem addHaar_preimage_linearEquiv (f : E ≃ₗ[ℝ] E) (s : Set E) : μ (f ⁻¹' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |LinearMap.det (f.symm : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)| * μ s := by have A : LinearMap.det (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) ≠ 0 := (LinearEquiv.isUnit_det' f).ne_zero convert addHaar_preimage_linearMap μ A s simp only [LinearEquiv.det_coe_symm] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_preimage_linear_equiv MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_preimage_linearEquiv @[simp] theorem addHaar_preimage_continuousLinearEquiv (f : E ≃L[ℝ] E) (s : Set E) : μ (f ⁻¹' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |LinearMap.det (f.symm : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)| * μ s := addHaar_preimage_linearEquiv μ _ s #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_preimage_continuous_linear_equiv MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_preimage_continuousLinearEquiv @[simp] theorem addHaar_image_linearMap (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) (s : Set E) : μ (f '' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |LinearMap.det f| * μ s := by rcases ne_or_eq (LinearMap.det f) 0 with (hf | hf) · let g := (f.equivOfDetNeZero hf).toContinuousLinearEquiv change μ (g '' s) = _ rw [ContinuousLinearEquiv.image_eq_preimage g s, addHaar_preimage_continuousLinearEquiv] congr · simp only [hf, zero_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_zero, abs_zero] have : μ (LinearMap.range f) = 0 := addHaar_submodule μ _ (LinearMap.range_lt_top_of_det_eq_zero hf).ne exact le_antisymm (le_trans (measure_mono (image_subset_range _ _)) this.le) (zero_le _) #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_image_linear_map MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_image_linearMap @[simp] theorem addHaar_image_continuousLinearMap (f : E →L[ℝ] E) (s : Set E) : μ (f '' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |LinearMap.det (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)| * μ s := addHaar_image_linearMap μ _ s #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_image_continuous_linear_map MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_image_continuousLinearMap @[simp] theorem addHaar_image_continuousLinearEquiv (f : E ≃L[ℝ] E) (s : Set E) : μ (f '' s) = ENNReal.ofReal |LinearMap.det (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)| * μ s := μ.addHaar_image_linearMap (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) s #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_image_continuous_linear_equiv MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_image_continuousLinearEquiv theorem LinearMap.quasiMeasurePreserving (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) (hf : LinearMap.det f ≠ 0) : QuasiMeasurePreserving f μ μ := by refine ⟨f.continuous_of_finiteDimensional.measurable, ?_⟩ rw [map_linearMap_addHaar_eq_smul_addHaar μ hf] exact smul_absolutelyContinuous theorem ContinuousLinearMap.quasiMeasurePreserving (f : E →L[ℝ] E) (hf : f.det ≠ 0) : QuasiMeasurePreserving f μ μ := LinearMap.quasiMeasurePreserving μ (f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) hf theorem map_addHaar_smul {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) : Measure.map (r • ·) μ = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)⁻¹) • μ := by let f : E →ₗ[ℝ] E := r • (1 : E →ₗ[ℝ] E) change Measure.map f μ = _ have hf : LinearMap.det f ≠ 0 := by simp only [f, mul_one, LinearMap.det_smul, Ne, MonoidHom.map_one] intro h exact hr (pow_eq_zero h) simp only [f, map_linearMap_addHaar_eq_smul_addHaar μ hf, mul_one, LinearMap.det_smul, map_one] #align measure_theory.measure.map_add_haar_smul MeasureTheory.Measure.map_addHaar_smul theorem quasiMeasurePreserving_smul {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) : QuasiMeasurePreserving (r • ·) μ μ := by refine ⟨measurable_const_smul r, ?_⟩ rw [map_addHaar_smul μ hr] exact smul_absolutelyContinuous @[simp] theorem addHaar_preimage_smul {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) (s : Set E) : μ ((r • ·) ⁻¹' s) = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)⁻¹) * μ s := calc μ ((r • ·) ⁻¹' s) = Measure.map (r • ·) μ s := ((Homeomorph.smul (isUnit_iff_ne_zero.2 hr).unit).toMeasurableEquiv.map_apply s).symm _ = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)⁻¹) * μ s := by rw [map_addHaar_smul μ hr, coe_smul, Pi.smul_apply, smul_eq_mul] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_preimage_smul MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_preimage_smul @[simp] theorem addHaar_smul (r : ℝ) (s : Set E) : μ (r • s) = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)) * μ s := by rcases ne_or_eq r 0 with (h | rfl) · rw [← preimage_smul_inv₀ h, addHaar_preimage_smul μ (inv_ne_zero h), inv_pow, inv_inv] rcases eq_empty_or_nonempty s with (rfl | hs) · simp only [measure_empty, mul_zero, smul_set_empty] rw [zero_smul_set hs, ← singleton_zero] by_cases h : finrank ℝ E = 0 · haveI : Subsingleton E := finrank_zero_iff.1 h simp only [h, one_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_one, abs_one, Subsingleton.eq_univ_of_nonempty hs, pow_zero, Subsingleton.eq_univ_of_nonempty (singleton_nonempty (0 : E))] · haveI : Nontrivial E := nontrivial_of_finrank_pos (bot_lt_iff_ne_bot.2 h) simp only [h, zero_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_zero, abs_zero, Ne, not_false_iff, zero_pow, measure_singleton] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_smul MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_smul theorem addHaar_smul_of_nonneg {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) (s : Set E) : μ (r • s) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ s := by rw [addHaar_smul, abs_pow, abs_of_nonneg hr] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_smul_of_nonneg MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_smul_of_nonneg variable {μ} {s : Set E} -- Note: We might want to rename this once we acquire the lemma corresponding to -- `MeasurableSet.const_smul` theorem NullMeasurableSet.const_smul (hs : NullMeasurableSet s μ) (r : ℝ) : NullMeasurableSet (r • s) μ := by obtain rfl | hs' := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · simp obtain rfl | hr := eq_or_ne r 0 · simpa [zero_smul_set hs'] using nullMeasurableSet_singleton _ obtain ⟨t, ht, hst⟩ := hs refine ⟨_, ht.const_smul_of_ne_zero hr, ?_⟩ rw [← measure_symmDiff_eq_zero_iff] at hst ⊢ rw [← smul_set_symmDiff₀ hr, addHaar_smul μ, hst, mul_zero] #align measure_theory.measure.null_measurable_set.const_smul MeasureTheory.Measure.NullMeasurableSet.const_smul variable (μ) @[simp] theorem addHaar_image_homothety (x : E) (r : ℝ) (s : Set E) : μ (AffineMap.homothety x r '' s) = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)) * μ s := calc μ (AffineMap.homothety x r '' s) = μ ((fun y => y + x) '' (r • (fun y => y + -x) '' s)) := by simp only [← image_smul, image_image, ← sub_eq_add_neg]; rfl _ = ENNReal.ofReal (abs (r ^ finrank ℝ E)) * μ s := by simp only [image_add_right, measure_preimage_add_right, addHaar_smul] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_image_homothety MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_image_homothety theorem addHaar_ball_center {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] (x : E) (r : ℝ) : μ (ball x r) = μ (ball (0 : E) r) := by have : ball (0 : E) r = (x + ·) ⁻¹' ball x r := by simp [preimage_add_ball] rw [this, measure_preimage_add] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_ball_center MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_ball_center theorem addHaar_closedBall_center {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] (μ : Measure E) [IsAddHaarMeasure μ] (x : E) (r : ℝ) : μ (closedBall x r) = μ (closedBall (0 : E) r) := by have : closedBall (0 : E) r = (x + ·) ⁻¹' closedBall x r := by simp [preimage_add_closedBall] rw [this, measure_preimage_add] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball_center MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall_center theorem addHaar_ball_mul_of_pos (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) (s : ℝ) : μ (ball x (r * s)) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 s) := by have : ball (0 : E) (r * s) = r • ball (0 : E) s := by simp only [_root_.smul_ball hr.ne' (0 : E) s, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_of_nonneg hr.le, smul_zero] simp only [this, addHaar_smul, abs_of_nonneg hr.le, addHaar_ball_center, abs_pow] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_ball_mul_of_pos MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_ball_mul_of_pos theorem addHaar_ball_of_pos (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) : μ (ball x r) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) := by rw [← addHaar_ball_mul_of_pos μ x hr, mul_one] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_ball_of_pos MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_ball_of_pos theorem addHaar_ball_mul [Nontrivial E] (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) (s : ℝ) : μ (ball x (r * s)) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 s) := by rcases hr.eq_or_lt with (rfl | h) · simp only [zero_pow (finrank_pos (R := ℝ) (M := E)).ne', measure_empty, zero_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_zero, ball_zero] · exact addHaar_ball_mul_of_pos μ x h s #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_ball_mul MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_ball_mul theorem addHaar_ball [Nontrivial E] (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) : μ (ball x r) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) := by rw [← addHaar_ball_mul μ x hr, mul_one] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_ball MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_ball theorem addHaar_closedBall_mul_of_pos (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) (s : ℝ) : μ (closedBall x (r * s)) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (closedBall 0 s) := by have : closedBall (0 : E) (r * s) = r • closedBall (0 : E) s := by simp [smul_closedBall' hr.ne' (0 : E), abs_of_nonneg hr.le] simp only [this, addHaar_smul, abs_of_nonneg hr.le, addHaar_closedBall_center, abs_pow] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball_mul_of_pos MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall_mul_of_pos theorem addHaar_closedBall_mul (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) {s : ℝ} (hs : 0 ≤ s) : μ (closedBall x (r * s)) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (closedBall 0 s) := by have : closedBall (0 : E) (r * s) = r • closedBall (0 : E) s := by simp [smul_closedBall r (0 : E) hs, abs_of_nonneg hr] simp only [this, addHaar_smul, abs_of_nonneg hr, addHaar_closedBall_center, abs_pow] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball_mul MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall_mul theorem addHaar_closedBall' (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) : μ (closedBall x r) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (closedBall 0 1) := by rw [← addHaar_closedBall_mul μ x hr zero_le_one, mul_one] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball' MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall' theorem addHaar_closed_unit_ball_eq_addHaar_unit_ball : μ (closedBall (0 : E) 1) = μ (ball 0 1) := by apply le_antisymm _ (measure_mono ball_subset_closedBall) have A : Tendsto (fun r : ℝ => ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (closedBall (0 : E) 1)) (𝓝[<] 1) (𝓝 (ENNReal.ofReal ((1 : ℝ) ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (closedBall (0 : E) 1))) := by refine ENNReal.Tendsto.mul ?_ (by simp) tendsto_const_nhds (by simp) exact ENNReal.tendsto_ofReal ((tendsto_id'.2 nhdsWithin_le_nhds).pow _) simp only [one_pow, one_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_one] at A refine le_of_tendsto A ?_ refine mem_nhdsWithin_Iio_iff_exists_Ioo_subset.2 ⟨(0 : ℝ), by simp, fun r hr => ?_⟩ dsimp rw [← addHaar_closedBall' μ (0 : E) hr.1.le] exact measure_mono (closedBall_subset_ball hr.2) #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_unit_ball_eq_add_haar_unit_ball MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closed_unit_ball_eq_addHaar_unit_ball theorem addHaar_closedBall (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) : μ (closedBall x r) = ENNReal.ofReal (r ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) := by rw [addHaar_closedBall' μ x hr, addHaar_closed_unit_ball_eq_addHaar_unit_ball] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall theorem addHaar_closedBall_eq_addHaar_ball [Nontrivial E] (x : E) (r : ℝ) : μ (closedBall x r) = μ (ball x r) := by by_cases h : r < 0 · rw [Metric.closedBall_eq_empty.mpr h, Metric.ball_eq_empty.mpr h.le] push_neg at h rw [addHaar_closedBall μ x h, addHaar_ball μ x h] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_closed_ball_eq_add_haar_ball MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_closedBall_eq_addHaar_ball theorem addHaar_sphere_of_ne_zero (x : E) {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) : μ (sphere x r) = 0 := by rcases hr.lt_or_lt with (h | h) · simp only [empty_diff, measure_empty, ← closedBall_diff_ball, closedBall_eq_empty.2 h] · rw [← closedBall_diff_ball, measure_diff ball_subset_closedBall measurableSet_ball measure_ball_lt_top.ne, addHaar_ball_of_pos μ _ h, addHaar_closedBall μ _ h.le, tsub_self] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_sphere_of_ne_zero MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_sphere_of_ne_zero theorem addHaar_sphere [Nontrivial E] (x : E) (r : ℝ) : μ (sphere x r) = 0 := by rcases eq_or_ne r 0 with (rfl | h) · rw [sphere_zero, measure_singleton] · exact addHaar_sphere_of_ne_zero μ x h #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_sphere MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_sphere theorem addHaar_singleton_add_smul_div_singleton_add_smul {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) (x y : E) (s t : Set E) : μ ({x} + r • s) / μ ({y} + r • t) = μ s / μ t := calc μ ({x} + r • s) / μ ({y} + r • t) = ENNReal.ofReal (|r| ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ s * (ENNReal.ofReal (|r| ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ t)⁻¹ := by simp only [div_eq_mul_inv, addHaar_smul, image_add_left, measure_preimage_add, abs_pow, singleton_add] _ = ENNReal.ofReal (|r| ^ finrank ℝ E) * (ENNReal.ofReal (|r| ^ finrank ℝ E))⁻¹ * (μ s * (μ t)⁻¹) := by rw [ENNReal.mul_inv] · ring · simp only [pow_pos (abs_pos.mpr hr), ENNReal.ofReal_eq_zero, not_le, Ne, true_or_iff] · simp only [ENNReal.ofReal_ne_top, true_or_iff, Ne, not_false_iff] _ = μ s / μ t := by rw [ENNReal.mul_inv_cancel, one_mul, div_eq_mul_inv] · simp only [pow_pos (abs_pos.mpr hr), ENNReal.ofReal_eq_zero, not_le, Ne] · simp only [ENNReal.ofReal_ne_top, Ne, not_false_iff] #align measure_theory.measure.add_haar_singleton_add_smul_div_singleton_add_smul MeasureTheory.Measure.addHaar_singleton_add_smul_div_singleton_add_smul instance (priority := 100) isUnifLocDoublingMeasureOfIsAddHaarMeasure : IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure μ := by refine ⟨⟨(2 : ℝ≥0) ^ finrank ℝ E, ?_⟩⟩ filter_upwards [self_mem_nhdsWithin] with r hr x rw [addHaar_closedBall_mul μ x zero_le_two (le_of_lt hr), addHaar_closedBall_center μ x, ENNReal.ofReal, Real.toNNReal_pow zero_le_two] simp only [Real.toNNReal_ofNat, le_refl] #align measure_theory.measure.is_unif_loc_doubling_measure_of_is_add_haar_measure MeasureTheory.Measure.isUnifLocDoublingMeasureOfIsAddHaarMeasure section variable {ι G : Type*} [Fintype ι] [DecidableEq ι] [NormedAddCommGroup G] [NormedSpace ℝ G] [MeasurableSpace G] [BorelSpace G]
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Measure/Lebesgue/EqHaar.lean
581
590
theorem addHaar_parallelepiped (b : Basis ι ℝ G) (v : ι → G) : b.addHaar (parallelepiped v) = ENNReal.ofReal |b.det v| := by
have : FiniteDimensional ℝ G := FiniteDimensional.of_fintype_basis b have A : parallelepiped v = b.constr ℕ v '' parallelepiped b := by rw [image_parallelepiped] -- Porting note: was `congr 1 with i` but Lean 4 `congr` applies `ext` first refine congr_arg _ <| funext fun i ↦ ?_ exact (b.constr_basis ℕ v i).symm rw [A, addHaar_image_linearMap, b.addHaar_self, mul_one, ← LinearMap.det_toMatrix b, ← Basis.toMatrix_eq_toMatrix_constr, Basis.det_apply]
import Batteries.Data.DList import Mathlib.Mathport.Rename import Mathlib.Tactic.Cases #align_import data.dlist from "leanprover-community/lean"@"855e5b74e3a52a40552e8f067169d747d48743fd" universe u #align dlist Batteries.DList namespace Batteries.DList open Function variable {α : Type u} #align dlist.of_list Batteries.DList.ofList def lazy_ofList (l : Thunk (List α)) : DList α := ⟨fun xs => l.get ++ xs, fun t => by simp⟩ #align dlist.lazy_of_list Batteries.DList.lazy_ofList #align dlist.to_list Batteries.DList.toList #align dlist.empty Batteries.DList.empty #align dlist.singleton Batteries.DList.singleton attribute [local simp] Function.comp #align dlist.cons Batteries.DList.cons #align dlist.concat Batteries.DList.push #align dlist.append Batteries.DList.append attribute [local simp] ofList toList empty singleton cons push append theorem toList_ofList (l : List α) : DList.toList (DList.ofList l) = l := by cases l; rfl; simp only [DList.toList, DList.ofList, List.cons_append, List.append_nil] #align dlist.to_list_of_list Batteries.DList.toList_ofList theorem ofList_toList (l : DList α) : DList.ofList (DList.toList l) = l := by cases' l with app inv simp only [ofList, toList, mk.injEq] funext x rw [(inv x)] #align dlist.of_list_to_list Batteries.DList.ofList_toList
Mathlib/Data/DList/Defs.lean
69
69
theorem toList_empty : toList (@empty α) = [] := by
simp
import Mathlib.Probability.Notation import Mathlib.Probability.Density import Mathlib.Probability.ConditionalProbability import Mathlib.Probability.ProbabilityMassFunction.Constructions open scoped Classical MeasureTheory NNReal ENNReal -- TODO: We can't `open ProbabilityTheory` without opening the `ProbabilityTheory` locale :( open TopologicalSpace MeasureTheory.Measure PMF noncomputable section namespace MeasureTheory variable {E : Type*} [MeasurableSpace E] {m : Measure E} {μ : Measure E} namespace pdf variable {Ω : Type*} variable {_ : MeasurableSpace Ω} {ℙ : Measure Ω} def IsUniform (X : Ω → E) (s : Set E) (ℙ : Measure Ω) (μ : Measure E := by volume_tac) := map X ℙ = ProbabilityTheory.cond μ s #align measure_theory.pdf.is_uniform MeasureTheory.pdf.IsUniform namespace IsUniform theorem aemeasurable {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hns : μ s ≠ 0) (hnt : μ s ≠ ∞) (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : AEMeasurable X ℙ := by dsimp [IsUniform, ProbabilityTheory.cond] at hu by_contra h rw [map_of_not_aemeasurable h] at hu apply zero_ne_one' ℝ≥0∞ calc 0 = (0 : Measure E) Set.univ := rfl _ = _ := by rw [hu, smul_apply, restrict_apply MeasurableSet.univ, Set.univ_inter, smul_eq_mul, ENNReal.inv_mul_cancel hns hnt] theorem absolutelyContinuous {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : map X ℙ ≪ μ := by rw [hu]; exact ProbabilityTheory.cond_absolutelyContinuous theorem measure_preimage {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hns : μ s ≠ 0) (hnt : μ s ≠ ∞) (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) {A : Set E} (hA : MeasurableSet A) : ℙ (X ⁻¹' A) = μ (s ∩ A) / μ s := by rwa [← map_apply_of_aemeasurable (hu.aemeasurable hns hnt) hA, hu, ProbabilityTheory.cond_apply', ENNReal.div_eq_inv_mul] #align measure_theory.pdf.is_uniform.measure_preimage MeasureTheory.pdf.IsUniform.measure_preimage theorem isProbabilityMeasure {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hns : μ s ≠ 0) (hnt : μ s ≠ ∞) (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : IsProbabilityMeasure ℙ := ⟨by have : X ⁻¹' Set.univ = Set.univ := Set.preimage_univ rw [← this, hu.measure_preimage hns hnt MeasurableSet.univ, Set.inter_univ, ENNReal.div_self hns hnt]⟩ #align measure_theory.pdf.is_uniform.is_probability_measure MeasureTheory.pdf.IsUniform.isProbabilityMeasure theorem toMeasurable_iff {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} : IsUniform X (toMeasurable μ s) ℙ μ ↔ IsUniform X s ℙ μ := by unfold IsUniform rw [ProbabilityTheory.cond_toMeasurable_eq] protected theorem toMeasurable {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : IsUniform X (toMeasurable μ s) ℙ μ := by unfold IsUniform at * rwa [ProbabilityTheory.cond_toMeasurable_eq] theorem hasPDF {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hns : μ s ≠ 0) (hnt : μ s ≠ ∞) (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : HasPDF X ℙ μ := by let t := toMeasurable μ s apply hasPDF_of_map_eq_withDensity (hu.aemeasurable hns hnt) (t.indicator ((μ t)⁻¹ • 1)) <| (measurable_one.aemeasurable.const_smul (μ t)⁻¹).indicator (measurableSet_toMeasurable μ s) rw [hu, withDensity_indicator (measurableSet_toMeasurable μ s), withDensity_smul _ measurable_one, withDensity_one, restrict_toMeasurable hnt, measure_toMeasurable, ProbabilityTheory.cond] #align measure_theory.pdf.is_uniform.has_pdf MeasureTheory.pdf.IsUniform.hasPDF theorem pdf_eq_zero_of_measure_eq_zero_or_top {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) (hμs : μ s = 0 ∨ μ s = ∞) : pdf X ℙ μ =ᵐ[μ] 0 := by rcases hμs with H|H · simp only [IsUniform, ProbabilityTheory.cond, H, ENNReal.inv_zero, restrict_eq_zero.mpr H, smul_zero] at hu simp [pdf, hu] · simp only [IsUniform, ProbabilityTheory.cond, H, ENNReal.inv_top, zero_smul] at hu simp [pdf, hu]
Mathlib/Probability/Distributions/Uniform.lean
123
136
theorem pdf_eq {X : Ω → E} {s : Set E} (hms : MeasurableSet s) (hu : IsUniform X s ℙ μ) : pdf X ℙ μ =ᵐ[μ] s.indicator ((μ s)⁻¹ • (1 : E → ℝ≥0∞)) := by
by_cases hnt : μ s = ∞ · simp [pdf_eq_zero_of_measure_eq_zero_or_top hu (Or.inr hnt), hnt] by_cases hns : μ s = 0 · filter_upwards [measure_zero_iff_ae_nmem.mp hns, pdf_eq_zero_of_measure_eq_zero_or_top hu (Or.inl hns)] with x hx h'x simp [hx, h'x, hns] have : HasPDF X ℙ μ := hasPDF hns hnt hu have : IsProbabilityMeasure ℙ := isProbabilityMeasure hns hnt hu apply (eq_of_map_eq_withDensity _ _).mp · rw [hu, withDensity_indicator hms, withDensity_smul _ measurable_one, withDensity_one, ProbabilityTheory.cond] · exact (measurable_one.aemeasurable.const_smul (μ s)⁻¹).indicator hms
import Mathlib.Topology.EMetricSpace.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.Bornology.Constructions import Mathlib.Data.Set.Pointwise.Interval import Mathlib.Topology.Order.DenselyOrdered open Set Filter TopologicalSpace Bornology open scoped ENNReal NNReal Uniformity Topology universe u v w variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {X ι : Type*} theorem UniformSpace.ofDist_aux (ε : ℝ) (hε : 0 < ε) : ∃ δ > (0 : ℝ), ∀ x < δ, ∀ y < δ, x + y < ε := ⟨ε / 2, half_pos hε, fun _x hx _y hy => add_halves ε ▸ add_lt_add hx hy⟩ def UniformSpace.ofDist (dist : α → α → ℝ) (dist_self : ∀ x : α, dist x x = 0) (dist_comm : ∀ x y : α, dist x y = dist y x) (dist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z) : UniformSpace α := .ofFun dist dist_self dist_comm dist_triangle ofDist_aux #align uniform_space_of_dist UniformSpace.ofDist -- Porting note: dropped the `dist_self` argument abbrev Bornology.ofDist {α : Type*} (dist : α → α → ℝ) (dist_comm : ∀ x y, dist x y = dist y x) (dist_triangle : ∀ x y z, dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z) : Bornology α := Bornology.ofBounded { s : Set α | ∃ C, ∀ ⦃x⦄, x ∈ s → ∀ ⦃y⦄, y ∈ s → dist x y ≤ C } ⟨0, fun x hx y => hx.elim⟩ (fun s ⟨c, hc⟩ t h => ⟨c, fun x hx y hy => hc (h hx) (h hy)⟩) (fun s hs t ht => by rcases s.eq_empty_or_nonempty with rfl | ⟨x, hx⟩ · rwa [empty_union] rcases t.eq_empty_or_nonempty with rfl | ⟨y, hy⟩ · rwa [union_empty] rsuffices ⟨C, hC⟩ : ∃ C, ∀ z ∈ s ∪ t, dist x z ≤ C · refine ⟨C + C, fun a ha b hb => (dist_triangle a x b).trans ?_⟩ simpa only [dist_comm] using add_le_add (hC _ ha) (hC _ hb) rcases hs with ⟨Cs, hs⟩; rcases ht with ⟨Ct, ht⟩ refine ⟨max Cs (dist x y + Ct), fun z hz => hz.elim (fun hz => (hs hx hz).trans (le_max_left _ _)) (fun hz => (dist_triangle x y z).trans <| (add_le_add le_rfl (ht hy hz)).trans (le_max_right _ _))⟩) fun z => ⟨dist z z, forall_eq.2 <| forall_eq.2 le_rfl⟩ #align bornology.of_dist Bornology.ofDistₓ @[ext] class Dist (α : Type*) where dist : α → α → ℝ #align has_dist Dist export Dist (dist) -- the uniform structure and the emetric space structure are embedded in the metric space structure -- to avoid instance diamond issues. See Note [forgetful inheritance]. private theorem dist_nonneg' {α} {x y : α} (dist : α → α → ℝ) (dist_self : ∀ x : α, dist x x = 0) (dist_comm : ∀ x y : α, dist x y = dist y x) (dist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z) : 0 ≤ dist x y := have : 0 ≤ 2 * dist x y := calc 0 = dist x x := (dist_self _).symm _ ≤ dist x y + dist y x := dist_triangle _ _ _ _ = 2 * dist x y := by rw [two_mul, dist_comm] nonneg_of_mul_nonneg_right this two_pos #noalign pseudo_metric_space.edist_dist_tac -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: restore class PseudoMetricSpace (α : Type u) extends Dist α : Type u where dist_self : ∀ x : α, dist x x = 0 dist_comm : ∀ x y : α, dist x y = dist y x dist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z edist : α → α → ℝ≥0∞ := fun x y => ENNReal.ofNNReal ⟨dist x y, dist_nonneg' _ ‹_› ‹_› ‹_›⟩ edist_dist : ∀ x y : α, edist x y = ENNReal.ofReal (dist x y) -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: add := by _ toUniformSpace : UniformSpace α := .ofDist dist dist_self dist_comm dist_triangle uniformity_dist : 𝓤 α = ⨅ ε > 0, 𝓟 { p : α × α | dist p.1 p.2 < ε } := by intros; rfl toBornology : Bornology α := Bornology.ofDist dist dist_comm dist_triangle cobounded_sets : (Bornology.cobounded α).sets = { s | ∃ C : ℝ, ∀ x ∈ sᶜ, ∀ y ∈ sᶜ, dist x y ≤ C } := by intros; rfl #align pseudo_metric_space PseudoMetricSpace @[ext] theorem PseudoMetricSpace.ext {α : Type*} {m m' : PseudoMetricSpace α} (h : m.toDist = m'.toDist) : m = m' := by cases' m with d _ _ _ ed hed U hU B hB cases' m' with d' _ _ _ ed' hed' U' hU' B' hB' obtain rfl : d = d' := h congr · ext x y : 2 rw [hed, hed'] · exact UniformSpace.ext (hU.trans hU'.symm) · ext : 2 rw [← Filter.mem_sets, ← Filter.mem_sets, hB, hB'] #align pseudo_metric_space.ext PseudoMetricSpace.ext variable [PseudoMetricSpace α] attribute [instance] PseudoMetricSpace.toUniformSpace PseudoMetricSpace.toBornology -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 200) PseudoMetricSpace.toEDist : EDist α := ⟨PseudoMetricSpace.edist⟩ #align pseudo_metric_space.to_has_edist PseudoMetricSpace.toEDist def PseudoMetricSpace.ofDistTopology {α : Type u} [TopologicalSpace α] (dist : α → α → ℝ) (dist_self : ∀ x : α, dist x x = 0) (dist_comm : ∀ x y : α, dist x y = dist y x) (dist_triangle : ∀ x y z : α, dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z) (H : ∀ s : Set α, IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∃ ε > 0, ∀ y, dist x y < ε → y ∈ s) : PseudoMetricSpace α := { dist := dist dist_self := dist_self dist_comm := dist_comm dist_triangle := dist_triangle edist_dist := fun x y => by exact ENNReal.coe_nnreal_eq _ toUniformSpace := (UniformSpace.ofDist dist dist_self dist_comm dist_triangle).replaceTopology <| TopologicalSpace.ext_iff.2 fun s ↦ (H s).trans <| forall₂_congr fun x _ ↦ ((UniformSpace.hasBasis_ofFun (exists_gt (0 : ℝ)) dist dist_self dist_comm dist_triangle UniformSpace.ofDist_aux).comap (Prod.mk x)).mem_iff.symm uniformity_dist := rfl toBornology := Bornology.ofDist dist dist_comm dist_triangle cobounded_sets := rfl } #align pseudo_metric_space.of_dist_topology PseudoMetricSpace.ofDistTopology @[simp] theorem dist_self (x : α) : dist x x = 0 := PseudoMetricSpace.dist_self x #align dist_self dist_self theorem dist_comm (x y : α) : dist x y = dist y x := PseudoMetricSpace.dist_comm x y #align dist_comm dist_comm theorem edist_dist (x y : α) : edist x y = ENNReal.ofReal (dist x y) := PseudoMetricSpace.edist_dist x y #align edist_dist edist_dist theorem dist_triangle (x y z : α) : dist x z ≤ dist x y + dist y z := PseudoMetricSpace.dist_triangle x y z #align dist_triangle dist_triangle theorem dist_triangle_left (x y z : α) : dist x y ≤ dist z x + dist z y := by rw [dist_comm z]; apply dist_triangle #align dist_triangle_left dist_triangle_left
Mathlib/Topology/MetricSpace/PseudoMetric.lean
196
197
theorem dist_triangle_right (x y z : α) : dist x y ≤ dist x z + dist y z := by
rw [dist_comm y]; apply dist_triangle
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.UniformLimitsDeriv import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.InfiniteSum.Module import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.FunctionSeries #align_import analysis.calculus.series from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open Set Metric TopologicalSpace Function Asymptotics Filter open scoped Topology NNReal variable {α β 𝕜 E F : Type*} [RCLike 𝕜] [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] [NormedAddCommGroup F] [CompleteSpace F] {u : α → ℝ} variable [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] variable {f : α → E → F} {f' : α → E → E →L[𝕜] F} {g : α → 𝕜 → F} {g' : α → 𝕜 → F} {v : ℕ → α → ℝ} {s : Set E} {t : Set 𝕜} {x₀ x : E} {y₀ y : 𝕜} {N : ℕ∞} theorem summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt_of_isPreconnected (hu : Summable u) (hs : IsOpen s) (h's : IsPreconnected s) (hf : ∀ n x, x ∈ s → HasFDerivAt (f n) (f' n x) x) (hf' : ∀ n x, x ∈ s → ‖f' n x‖ ≤ u n) (hx₀ : x₀ ∈ s) (hf0 : Summable (f · x₀)) (hx : x ∈ s) : Summable fun n => f n x := by haveI := Classical.decEq α rw [summable_iff_cauchySeq_finset] at hf0 ⊢ have A : UniformCauchySeqOn (fun t : Finset α => fun x => ∑ i ∈ t, f' i x) atTop s := (tendstoUniformlyOn_tsum hu hf').uniformCauchySeqOn -- Porting note: Lean 4 failed to find `f` by unification refine cauchy_map_of_uniformCauchySeqOn_fderiv (f := fun t x ↦ ∑ i ∈ t, f i x) hs h's A (fun t y hy => ?_) hx₀ hx hf0 exact HasFDerivAt.sum fun i _ => hf i y hy #align summable_of_summable_has_fderiv_at_of_is_preconnected summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt_of_isPreconnected theorem summable_of_summable_hasDerivAt_of_isPreconnected (hu : Summable u) (ht : IsOpen t) (h't : IsPreconnected t) (hg : ∀ n y, y ∈ t → HasDerivAt (g n) (g' n y) y) (hg' : ∀ n y, y ∈ t → ‖g' n y‖ ≤ u n) (hy₀ : y₀ ∈ t) (hg0 : Summable (g · y₀)) (hy : y ∈ t) : Summable fun n => g n y := by simp_rw [hasDerivAt_iff_hasFDerivAt] at hg refine summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt_of_isPreconnected hu ht h't hg ?_ hy₀ hg0 hy simpa? says simpa only [ContinuousLinearMap.norm_smulRight_apply, norm_one, one_mul] theorem hasFDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected (hu : Summable u) (hs : IsOpen s) (h's : IsPreconnected s) (hf : ∀ n x, x ∈ s → HasFDerivAt (f n) (f' n x) x) (hf' : ∀ n x, x ∈ s → ‖f' n x‖ ≤ u n) (hx₀ : x₀ ∈ s) (hf0 : Summable fun n => f n x₀) (hx : x ∈ s) : HasFDerivAt (fun y => ∑' n, f n y) (∑' n, f' n x) x := by classical have A : ∀ x : E, x ∈ s → Tendsto (fun t : Finset α => ∑ n ∈ t, f n x) atTop (𝓝 (∑' n, f n x)) := by intro y hy apply Summable.hasSum exact summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt_of_isPreconnected hu hs h's hf hf' hx₀ hf0 hy refine hasFDerivAt_of_tendstoUniformlyOn hs (tendstoUniformlyOn_tsum hu hf') (fun t y hy => ?_) A _ hx exact HasFDerivAt.sum fun n _ => hf n y hy #align has_fderiv_at_tsum_of_is_preconnected hasFDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected theorem hasDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected (hu : Summable u) (ht : IsOpen t) (h't : IsPreconnected t) (hg : ∀ n y, y ∈ t → HasDerivAt (g n) (g' n y) y) (hg' : ∀ n y, y ∈ t → ‖g' n y‖ ≤ u n) (hy₀ : y₀ ∈ t) (hg0 : Summable fun n => g n y₀) (hy : y ∈ t) : HasDerivAt (fun z => ∑' n, g n z) (∑' n, g' n y) y := by simp_rw [hasDerivAt_iff_hasFDerivAt] at hg ⊢ convert hasFDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected hu ht h't hg ?_ hy₀ hg0 hy · exact (ContinuousLinearMap.smulRightL 𝕜 𝕜 F 1).map_tsum <| .of_norm_bounded u hu fun n ↦ hg' n y hy · simpa? says simpa only [ContinuousLinearMap.norm_smulRight_apply, norm_one, one_mul] theorem summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt (hu : Summable u) (hf : ∀ n x, HasFDerivAt (f n) (f' n x) x) (hf' : ∀ n x, ‖f' n x‖ ≤ u n) (hf0 : Summable fun n => f n x₀) (x : E) : Summable fun n => f n x := by let _ : NormedSpace ℝ E := NormedSpace.restrictScalars ℝ 𝕜 _ exact summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt_of_isPreconnected hu isOpen_univ isPreconnected_univ (fun n x _ => hf n x) (fun n x _ => hf' n x) (mem_univ _) hf0 (mem_univ _) #align summable_of_summable_has_fderiv_at summable_of_summable_hasFDerivAt theorem summable_of_summable_hasDerivAt (hu : Summable u) (hg : ∀ n y, HasDerivAt (g n) (g' n y) y) (hg' : ∀ n y, ‖g' n y‖ ≤ u n) (hg0 : Summable fun n => g n y₀) (y : 𝕜) : Summable fun n => g n y := by exact summable_of_summable_hasDerivAt_of_isPreconnected hu isOpen_univ isPreconnected_univ (fun n x _ => hg n x) (fun n x _ => hg' n x) (mem_univ _) hg0 (mem_univ _) theorem hasFDerivAt_tsum (hu : Summable u) (hf : ∀ n x, HasFDerivAt (f n) (f' n x) x) (hf' : ∀ n x, ‖f' n x‖ ≤ u n) (hf0 : Summable fun n => f n x₀) (x : E) : HasFDerivAt (fun y => ∑' n, f n y) (∑' n, f' n x) x := by let A : NormedSpace ℝ E := NormedSpace.restrictScalars ℝ 𝕜 _ exact hasFDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected hu isOpen_univ isPreconnected_univ (fun n x _ => hf n x) (fun n x _ => hf' n x) (mem_univ _) hf0 (mem_univ _) #align has_fderiv_at_tsum hasFDerivAt_tsum
Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/SmoothSeries.lean
135
139
theorem hasDerivAt_tsum (hu : Summable u) (hg : ∀ n y, HasDerivAt (g n) (g' n y) y) (hg' : ∀ n y, ‖g' n y‖ ≤ u n) (hg0 : Summable fun n => g n y₀) (y : 𝕜) : HasDerivAt (fun z => ∑' n, g n z) (∑' n, g' n y) y := by
exact hasDerivAt_tsum_of_isPreconnected hu isOpen_univ isPreconnected_univ (fun n y _ => hg n y) (fun n y _ => hg' n y) (mem_univ _) hg0 (mem_univ _)
import Mathlib.Probability.ProbabilityMassFunction.Monad #align_import probability.probability_mass_function.constructions from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"4ac69b290818724c159de091daa3acd31da0ee6d" universe u namespace PMF noncomputable section variable {α β γ : Type*} open scoped Classical open NNReal ENNReal section Map def map (f : α → β) (p : PMF α) : PMF β := bind p (pure ∘ f) #align pmf.map PMF.map variable (f : α → β) (p : PMF α) (b : β) theorem monad_map_eq_map {α β : Type u} (f : α → β) (p : PMF α) : f <$> p = p.map f := rfl #align pmf.monad_map_eq_map PMF.monad_map_eq_map @[simp] theorem map_apply : (map f p) b = ∑' a, if b = f a then p a else 0 := by simp [map] #align pmf.map_apply PMF.map_apply @[simp] theorem support_map : (map f p).support = f '' p.support := Set.ext fun b => by simp [map, @eq_comm β b] #align pmf.support_map PMF.support_map theorem mem_support_map_iff : b ∈ (map f p).support ↔ ∃ a ∈ p.support, f a = b := by simp #align pmf.mem_support_map_iff PMF.mem_support_map_iff theorem bind_pure_comp : bind p (pure ∘ f) = map f p := rfl #align pmf.bind_pure_comp PMF.bind_pure_comp theorem map_id : map id p = p := bind_pure _ #align pmf.map_id PMF.map_id theorem map_comp (g : β → γ) : (p.map f).map g = p.map (g ∘ f) := by simp [map, Function.comp] #align pmf.map_comp PMF.map_comp theorem pure_map (a : α) : (pure a).map f = pure (f a) := pure_bind _ _ #align pmf.pure_map PMF.pure_map theorem map_bind (q : α → PMF β) (f : β → γ) : (p.bind q).map f = p.bind fun a => (q a).map f := bind_bind _ _ _ #align pmf.map_bind PMF.map_bind @[simp] theorem bind_map (p : PMF α) (f : α → β) (q : β → PMF γ) : (p.map f).bind q = p.bind (q ∘ f) := (bind_bind _ _ _).trans (congr_arg _ (funext fun _ => pure_bind _ _)) #align pmf.bind_map PMF.bind_map @[simp] theorem map_const : p.map (Function.const α b) = pure b := by simp only [map, Function.comp, bind_const, Function.const] #align pmf.map_const PMF.map_const section Seq def seq (q : PMF (α → β)) (p : PMF α) : PMF β := q.bind fun m => p.bind fun a => pure (m a) #align pmf.seq PMF.seq variable (q : PMF (α → β)) (p : PMF α) (b : β) theorem monad_seq_eq_seq {α β : Type u} (q : PMF (α → β)) (p : PMF α) : q <*> p = q.seq p := rfl #align pmf.monad_seq_eq_seq PMF.monad_seq_eq_seq @[simp] theorem seq_apply : (seq q p) b = ∑' (f : α → β) (a : α), if b = f a then q f * p a else 0 := by simp only [seq, mul_boole, bind_apply, pure_apply] refine tsum_congr fun f => ENNReal.tsum_mul_left.symm.trans (tsum_congr fun a => ?_) simpa only [mul_zero] using mul_ite (b = f a) (q f) (p a) 0 #align pmf.seq_apply PMF.seq_apply @[simp] theorem support_seq : (seq q p).support = ⋃ f ∈ q.support, f '' p.support := Set.ext fun b => by simp [-mem_support_iff, seq, @eq_comm β b] #align pmf.support_seq PMF.support_seq
Mathlib/Probability/ProbabilityMassFunction/Constructions.lean
136
136
theorem mem_support_seq_iff : b ∈ (seq q p).support ↔ ∃ f ∈ q.support, b ∈ f '' p.support := by
simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Invertible import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Module.OrderedSMul import Mathlib.Data.Complex.Cardinality import Mathlib.Data.Fin.VecNotation import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional #align_import data.complex.module from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c7bce2818663f456335892ddbdd1809f111a5b72" namespace Complex open ComplexConjugate open scoped SMul variable {R : Type*} {S : Type*} attribute [local ext] Complex.ext -- Test that the `SMul ℚ ℂ` instance is correct. example : (Complex.SMul.instSMulRealComplex : SMul ℚ ℂ) = (Algebra.toSMul : SMul ℚ ℂ) := rfl -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) [SMul R ℝ] [SMul S ℝ] [SMulCommClass R S ℝ] : SMulCommClass R S ℂ where smul_comm r s x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, smul_comm] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) [SMul R S] [SMul R ℝ] [SMul S ℝ] [IsScalarTower R S ℝ] : IsScalarTower R S ℂ where smul_assoc r s x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, smul_assoc] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) [SMul R ℝ] [SMul Rᵐᵒᵖ ℝ] [IsCentralScalar R ℝ] : IsCentralScalar R ℂ where op_smul_eq_smul r x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, op_smul_eq_smul] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) mulAction [Monoid R] [MulAction R ℝ] : MulAction R ℂ where one_smul x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, one_smul] mul_smul r s x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, mul_smul] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) distribSMul [DistribSMul R ℝ] : DistribSMul R ℂ where smul_add r x y := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, smul_add] smul_zero r := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, smul_zero] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 90) [Semiring R] [DistribMulAction R ℝ] : DistribMulAction R ℂ := { Complex.distribSMul, Complex.mulAction with } -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 100) instModule [Semiring R] [Module R ℝ] : Module R ℂ where add_smul r s x := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, add_smul] zero_smul r := by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, zero_smul] -- priority manually adjusted in #11980 instance (priority := 95) instAlgebraOfReal [CommSemiring R] [Algebra R ℝ] : Algebra R ℂ := { Complex.ofReal.comp (algebraMap R ℝ) with smul := (· • ·) smul_def' := fun r x => by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, Algebra.smul_def] commutes' := fun r ⟨xr, xi⟩ => by ext <;> simp [smul_re, smul_im, Algebra.commutes] } instance : StarModule ℝ ℂ := ⟨fun r x => by simp only [star_def, star_trivial, real_smul, map_mul, conj_ofReal]⟩ @[simp] theorem coe_algebraMap : (algebraMap ℝ ℂ : ℝ → ℂ) = ((↑) : ℝ → ℂ) := rfl #align complex.coe_algebra_map Complex.coe_algebraMap section variable {A : Type*} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℝ A] @[simp] theorem _root_.AlgHom.map_coe_real_complex (f : ℂ →ₐ[ℝ] A) (x : ℝ) : f x = algebraMap ℝ A x := f.commutes x #align alg_hom.map_coe_real_complex AlgHom.map_coe_real_complex @[ext] theorem algHom_ext ⦃f g : ℂ →ₐ[ℝ] A⦄ (h : f I = g I) : f = g := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp only [mk_eq_add_mul_I, AlgHom.map_add, AlgHom.map_coe_real_complex, AlgHom.map_mul, h] #align complex.alg_hom_ext Complex.algHom_ext end open Submodule FiniteDimensional noncomputable def basisOneI : Basis (Fin 2) ℝ ℂ := Basis.ofEquivFun { toFun := fun z => ![z.re, z.im] invFun := fun c => c 0 + c 1 • I left_inv := fun z => by simp right_inv := fun c => by ext i fin_cases i <;> simp map_add' := fun z z' => by simp map_smul' := fun c z => by simp } set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.basis_one_I Complex.basisOneI @[simp] theorem coe_basisOneI_repr (z : ℂ) : ⇑(basisOneI.repr z) = ![z.re, z.im] := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.coe_basis_one_I_repr Complex.coe_basisOneI_repr @[simp] theorem coe_basisOneI : ⇑basisOneI = ![1, I] := funext fun i => Basis.apply_eq_iff.mpr <| Finsupp.ext fun j => by fin_cases i <;> fin_cases j <;> -- Porting note: removed `only`, consider squeezing again simp [coe_basisOneI_repr, Finsupp.single_eq_of_ne, Matrix.cons_val_zero, Matrix.cons_val_one, Matrix.head_cons, Fin.one_eq_zero_iff, Ne, not_false_iff, I_re, Nat.succ_succ_ne_one, one_im, I_im, one_re, Finsupp.single_eq_same, Fin.zero_eq_one_iff] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.coe_basis_one_I Complex.coe_basisOneI instance : FiniteDimensional ℝ ℂ := of_fintype_basis basisOneI @[simp] theorem finrank_real_complex : FiniteDimensional.finrank ℝ ℂ = 2 := by rw [finrank_eq_card_basis basisOneI, Fintype.card_fin] #align complex.finrank_real_complex Complex.finrank_real_complex @[simp] theorem rank_real_complex : Module.rank ℝ ℂ = 2 := by simp [← finrank_eq_rank, finrank_real_complex] #align complex.rank_real_complex Complex.rank_real_complex
Mathlib/Data/Complex/Module.lean
179
180
theorem rank_real_complex'.{u} : Cardinal.lift.{u} (Module.rank ℝ ℂ) = 2 := by
rw [← finrank_eq_rank, finrank_real_complex, Cardinal.lift_natCast, Nat.cast_ofNat]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Module.AEval #align_import data.polynomial.module from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"63417e01fbc711beaf25fa73b6edb395c0cfddd0" universe u v open Polynomial BigOperators @[nolint unusedArguments] def PolynomialModule (R M : Type*) [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] := ℕ →₀ M #align polynomial_module PolynomialModule variable (R M : Type*) [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] (I : Ideal R) -- Porting note: stated instead of deriving noncomputable instance : Inhabited (PolynomialModule R M) := Finsupp.instInhabited noncomputable instance : AddCommGroup (PolynomialModule R M) := Finsupp.instAddCommGroup variable {M} variable {S : Type*} [CommSemiring S] [Algebra S R] [Module S M] [IsScalarTower S R M] namespace PolynomialModule @[nolint unusedArguments] noncomputable instance : Module S (PolynomialModule R M) := Finsupp.module ℕ M instance instFunLike : FunLike (PolynomialModule R M) ℕ M := Finsupp.instFunLike instance : CoeFun (PolynomialModule R M) fun _ => ℕ → M := Finsupp.instCoeFun theorem zero_apply (i : ℕ) : (0 : PolynomialModule R M) i = 0 := Finsupp.zero_apply theorem add_apply (g₁ g₂ : PolynomialModule R M) (a : ℕ) : (g₁ + g₂) a = g₁ a + g₂ a := Finsupp.add_apply g₁ g₂ a noncomputable def single (i : ℕ) : M →+ PolynomialModule R M := Finsupp.singleAddHom i #align polynomial_module.single PolynomialModule.single theorem single_apply (i : ℕ) (m : M) (n : ℕ) : single R i m n = ite (i = n) m 0 := Finsupp.single_apply #align polynomial_module.single_apply PolynomialModule.single_apply noncomputable def lsingle (i : ℕ) : M →ₗ[R] PolynomialModule R M := Finsupp.lsingle i #align polynomial_module.lsingle PolynomialModule.lsingle theorem lsingle_apply (i : ℕ) (m : M) (n : ℕ) : lsingle R i m n = ite (i = n) m 0 := Finsupp.single_apply #align polynomial_module.lsingle_apply PolynomialModule.lsingle_apply theorem single_smul (i : ℕ) (r : R) (m : M) : single R i (r • m) = r • single R i m := (lsingle R i).map_smul r m #align polynomial_module.single_smul PolynomialModule.single_smul variable {R} theorem induction_linear {P : PolynomialModule R M → Prop} (f : PolynomialModule R M) (h0 : P 0) (hadd : ∀ f g, P f → P g → P (f + g)) (hsingle : ∀ a b, P (single R a b)) : P f := Finsupp.induction_linear f h0 hadd hsingle #align polynomial_module.induction_linear PolynomialModule.induction_linear noncomputable instance polynomialModule : Module R[X] (PolynomialModule R M) := inferInstanceAs (Module R[X] (Module.AEval' (Finsupp.lmapDomain M R Nat.succ))) #align polynomial_module.polynomial_module PolynomialModule.polynomialModule lemma smul_def (f : R[X]) (m : PolynomialModule R M) : f • m = aeval (Finsupp.lmapDomain M R Nat.succ) f m := by rfl instance (M : Type u) [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [Module S M] [IsScalarTower S R M] : IsScalarTower S R (PolynomialModule R M) := Finsupp.isScalarTower _ _ instance isScalarTower' (M : Type u) [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [Module S M] [IsScalarTower S R M] : IsScalarTower S R[X] (PolynomialModule R M) := by haveI : IsScalarTower R R[X] (PolynomialModule R M) := inferInstanceAs <| IsScalarTower R R[X] <| Module.AEval' <| Finsupp.lmapDomain M R Nat.succ constructor intro x y z rw [← @IsScalarTower.algebraMap_smul S R, ← @IsScalarTower.algebraMap_smul S R, smul_assoc] #align polynomial_module.is_scalar_tower' PolynomialModule.isScalarTower' @[simp] theorem monomial_smul_single (i : ℕ) (r : R) (j : ℕ) (m : M) : monomial i r • single R j m = single R (i + j) (r • m) := by simp only [LinearMap.mul_apply, Polynomial.aeval_monomial, LinearMap.pow_apply, Module.algebraMap_end_apply, smul_def] induction i generalizing r j m with | zero => rw [Function.iterate_zero, zero_add] exact Finsupp.smul_single r j m | succ n hn => rw [Function.iterate_succ, Function.comp_apply, add_assoc, ← hn] congr 2 rw [Nat.one_add] exact Finsupp.mapDomain_single #align polynomial_module.monomial_smul_single PolynomialModule.monomial_smul_single @[simp] theorem monomial_smul_apply (i : ℕ) (r : R) (g : PolynomialModule R M) (n : ℕ) : (monomial i r • g) n = ite (i ≤ n) (r • g (n - i)) 0 := by induction' g using PolynomialModule.induction_linear with p q hp hq · simp only [smul_zero, zero_apply, ite_self] · simp only [smul_add, add_apply, hp, hq] split_ifs exacts [rfl, zero_add 0] · rw [monomial_smul_single, single_apply, single_apply, smul_ite, smul_zero, ← ite_and] congr rw [eq_iff_iff] constructor · rintro rfl simp · rintro ⟨e, rfl⟩ rw [add_comm, tsub_add_cancel_of_le e] #align polynomial_module.monomial_smul_apply PolynomialModule.monomial_smul_apply @[simp] theorem smul_single_apply (i : ℕ) (f : R[X]) (m : M) (n : ℕ) : (f • single R i m) n = ite (i ≤ n) (f.coeff (n - i) • m) 0 := by induction' f using Polynomial.induction_on' with p q hp hq · rw [add_smul, Finsupp.add_apply, hp, hq, coeff_add, add_smul] split_ifs exacts [rfl, zero_add 0] · rw [monomial_smul_single, single_apply, coeff_monomial, ite_smul, zero_smul] by_cases h : i ≤ n · simp_rw [eq_tsub_iff_add_eq_of_le h, if_pos h] · rw [if_neg h, ite_eq_right_iff] intro e exfalso linarith #align polynomial_module.smul_single_apply PolynomialModule.smul_single_apply theorem smul_apply (f : R[X]) (g : PolynomialModule R M) (n : ℕ) : (f • g) n = ∑ x ∈ Finset.antidiagonal n, f.coeff x.1 • g x.2 := by induction' f using Polynomial.induction_on' with p q hp hq f_n f_a · rw [add_smul, Finsupp.add_apply, hp, hq, ← Finset.sum_add_distrib] congr ext rw [coeff_add, add_smul] · rw [Finset.Nat.sum_antidiagonal_eq_sum_range_succ fun i j => (monomial f_n f_a).coeff i • g j, monomial_smul_apply] simp_rw [Polynomial.coeff_monomial, ← Finset.mem_range_succ_iff] rw [← Finset.sum_ite_eq (Finset.range (Nat.succ n)) f_n (fun x => f_a • g (n - x))] congr ext x split_ifs exacts [rfl, (zero_smul R _).symm] #align polynomial_module.smul_apply PolynomialModule.smul_apply noncomputable def equivPolynomialSelf : PolynomialModule R R ≃ₗ[R[X]] R[X] := { (Polynomial.toFinsuppIso R).symm with map_smul' := fun r x => by dsimp rw [← RingEquiv.coe_toEquiv_symm, RingEquiv.coe_toEquiv] induction' x using induction_linear with _ _ hp hq n a · rw [smul_zero, map_zero, mul_zero] · rw [smul_add, map_add, map_add, mul_add, hp, hq] · ext i simp only [coeff_ofFinsupp, smul_single_apply, toFinsuppIso_symm_apply, coeff_ofFinsupp, single_apply, ge_iff_le, smul_eq_mul, Polynomial.coeff_mul, mul_ite, mul_zero] split_ifs with hn · rw [Finset.sum_eq_single (i - n, n)] · simp only [ite_true] · rintro ⟨p, q⟩ hpq1 hpq2 rw [Finset.mem_antidiagonal] at hpq1 split_ifs with H · dsimp at H exfalso apply hpq2 rw [← hpq1, H] simp only [add_le_iff_nonpos_left, nonpos_iff_eq_zero, add_tsub_cancel_right] · rfl · intro H exfalso apply H rw [Finset.mem_antidiagonal, tsub_add_cancel_of_le hn] · symm rw [Finset.sum_ite_of_false, Finset.sum_const_zero] simp_rw [Finset.mem_antidiagonal] intro x hx contrapose! hn rw [add_comm, ← hn] at hx exact Nat.le.intro hx } #align polynomial_module.equiv_polynomial_self PolynomialModule.equivPolynomialSelf noncomputable def equivPolynomial {S : Type*} [CommRing S] [Algebra R S] : PolynomialModule R S ≃ₗ[R] S[X] := { (Polynomial.toFinsuppIso S).symm with map_smul' := fun _ _ => rfl } #align polynomial_module.equiv_polynomial PolynomialModule.equivPolynomial variable (R' : Type*) {M' : Type*} [CommRing R'] [AddCommGroup M'] [Module R' M'] variable [Algebra R R'] [Module R M'] [IsScalarTower R R' M'] noncomputable def map (f : M →ₗ[R] M') : PolynomialModule R M →ₗ[R] PolynomialModule R' M' := Finsupp.mapRange.linearMap f #align polynomial_module.map PolynomialModule.map @[simp] theorem map_single (f : M →ₗ[R] M') (i : ℕ) (m : M) : map R' f (single R i m) = single R' i (f m) := Finsupp.mapRange_single (hf := f.map_zero) #align polynomial_module.map_single PolynomialModule.map_single theorem map_smul (f : M →ₗ[R] M') (p : R[X]) (q : PolynomialModule R M) : map R' f (p • q) = p.map (algebraMap R R') • map R' f q := by apply induction_linear q · rw [smul_zero, map_zero, smul_zero] · intro f g e₁ e₂ rw [smul_add, map_add, e₁, e₂, map_add, smul_add] intro i m induction' p using Polynomial.induction_on' with _ _ e₁ e₂ · rw [add_smul, map_add, e₁, e₂, Polynomial.map_add, add_smul] · rw [monomial_smul_single, map_single, Polynomial.map_monomial, map_single, monomial_smul_single, f.map_smul, algebraMap_smul] #align polynomial_module.map_smul PolynomialModule.map_smul @[simps! (config := .lemmasOnly)] def eval (r : R) : PolynomialModule R M →ₗ[R] M where toFun p := p.sum fun i m => r ^ i • m map_add' x y := Finsupp.sum_add_index' (fun _ => smul_zero _) fun _ _ _ => smul_add _ _ _ map_smul' s m := by refine (Finsupp.sum_smul_index' ?_).trans ?_ · exact fun i => smul_zero _ · simp_rw [RingHom.id_apply, Finsupp.smul_sum] congr ext i c rw [smul_comm] #align polynomial_module.eval PolynomialModule.eval @[simp] theorem eval_single (r : R) (i : ℕ) (m : M) : eval r (single R i m) = r ^ i • m := Finsupp.sum_single_index (smul_zero _) #align polynomial_module.eval_single PolynomialModule.eval_single @[simp] theorem eval_lsingle (r : R) (i : ℕ) (m : M) : eval r (lsingle R i m) = r ^ i • m := eval_single r i m #align polynomial_module.eval_lsingle PolynomialModule.eval_lsingle theorem eval_smul (p : R[X]) (q : PolynomialModule R M) (r : R) : eval r (p • q) = p.eval r • eval r q := by apply induction_linear q · rw [smul_zero, map_zero, smul_zero] · intro f g e₁ e₂ rw [smul_add, map_add, e₁, e₂, map_add, smul_add] intro i m induction' p using Polynomial.induction_on' with _ _ e₁ e₂ · rw [add_smul, map_add, Polynomial.eval_add, e₁, e₂, add_smul] · rw [monomial_smul_single, eval_single, Polynomial.eval_monomial, eval_single, smul_comm, ← smul_smul, pow_add, mul_smul] #align polynomial_module.eval_smul PolynomialModule.eval_smul @[simp] theorem eval_map (f : M →ₗ[R] M') (q : PolynomialModule R M) (r : R) : eval (algebraMap R R' r) (map R' f q) = f (eval r q) := by apply induction_linear q · simp_rw [map_zero] · intro f g e₁ e₂ simp_rw [map_add, e₁, e₂] · intro i m rw [map_single, eval_single, eval_single, f.map_smul, ← map_pow, algebraMap_smul] #align polynomial_module.eval_map PolynomialModule.eval_map @[simp] theorem eval_map' (f : M →ₗ[R] M) (q : PolynomialModule R M) (r : R) : eval r (map R f q) = f (eval r q) := eval_map R f q r #align polynomial_module.eval_map' PolynomialModule.eval_map' @[simps!] noncomputable def comp (p : R[X]) : PolynomialModule R M →ₗ[R] PolynomialModule R M := LinearMap.comp ((eval p).restrictScalars R) (map R[X] (lsingle R 0)) #align polynomial_module.comp PolynomialModule.comp theorem comp_single (p : R[X]) (i : ℕ) (m : M) : comp p (single R i m) = p ^ i • single R 0 m := by rw [comp_apply] erw [map_single, eval_single] rfl #align polynomial_module.comp_single PolynomialModule.comp_single
Mathlib/Algebra/Polynomial/Module/Basic.lean
324
333
theorem comp_eval (p : R[X]) (q : PolynomialModule R M) (r : R) : eval r (comp p q) = eval (p.eval r) q := by
rw [← LinearMap.comp_apply] apply induction_linear q · simp_rw [map_zero] · intro _ _ e₁ e₂ simp_rw [map_add, e₁, e₂] · intro i m rw [LinearMap.comp_apply, comp_single, eval_single, eval_smul, eval_single, pow_zero, one_smul, Polynomial.eval_pow]
import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Coxeter.Length import Mathlib.Data.ZMod.Parity namespace CoxeterSystem open List Matrix Function variable {B : Type*} variable {W : Type*} [Group W] variable {M : CoxeterMatrix B} (cs : CoxeterSystem M W) local prefix:100 "s" => cs.simple local prefix:100 "π" => cs.wordProd local prefix:100 "ℓ" => cs.length def IsReflection (t : W) : Prop := ∃ w i, t = w * s i * w⁻¹ theorem isReflection_simple (i : B) : cs.IsReflection (s i) := by use 1, i; simp namespace IsReflection variable {cs} variable {t : W} (ht : cs.IsReflection t)
Mathlib/GroupTheory/Coxeter/Inversion.lean
68
70
theorem pow_two : t ^ 2 = 1 := by
rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.Algebra.Subalgebra.Pointwise import Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.PrimeSpectrum.Maximal import Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.PrimeSpectrum.Noetherian import Mathlib.RingTheory.ChainOfDivisors import Mathlib.RingTheory.DedekindDomain.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.FractionalIdeal.Operations #align_import ring_theory.dedekind_domain.ideal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2bbc7e3884ba234309d2a43b19144105a753292e" variable (R A K : Type*) [CommRing R] [CommRing A] [Field K] open scoped nonZeroDivisors Polynomial section Inverse namespace FractionalIdeal variable {R₁ : Type*} [CommRing R₁] [IsDomain R₁] [Algebra R₁ K] [IsFractionRing R₁ K] variable {I J : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} noncomputable instance : Inv (FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) := ⟨fun I => 1 / I⟩ theorem inv_eq : I⁻¹ = 1 / I := rfl #align fractional_ideal.inv_eq FractionalIdeal.inv_eq theorem inv_zero' : (0 : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K)⁻¹ = 0 := div_zero #align fractional_ideal.inv_zero' FractionalIdeal.inv_zero' theorem inv_nonzero {J : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} (h : J ≠ 0) : J⁻¹ = ⟨(1 : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) / J, fractional_div_of_nonzero h⟩ := div_nonzero h #align fractional_ideal.inv_nonzero FractionalIdeal.inv_nonzero theorem coe_inv_of_nonzero {J : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} (h : J ≠ 0) : (↑J⁻¹ : Submodule R₁ K) = IsLocalization.coeSubmodule K ⊤ / (J : Submodule R₁ K) := by simp_rw [inv_nonzero _ h, coe_one, coe_mk, IsLocalization.coeSubmodule_top] #align fractional_ideal.coe_inv_of_nonzero FractionalIdeal.coe_inv_of_nonzero variable {K} theorem mem_inv_iff (hI : I ≠ 0) {x : K} : x ∈ I⁻¹ ↔ ∀ y ∈ I, x * y ∈ (1 : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) := mem_div_iff_of_nonzero hI #align fractional_ideal.mem_inv_iff FractionalIdeal.mem_inv_iff theorem inv_anti_mono (hI : I ≠ 0) (hJ : J ≠ 0) (hIJ : I ≤ J) : J⁻¹ ≤ I⁻¹ := by -- Porting note: in Lean3, introducing `x` would just give `x ∈ J⁻¹ → x ∈ I⁻¹`, but -- in Lean4, it goes all the way down to the subtypes intro x simp only [val_eq_coe, mem_coe, mem_inv_iff hJ, mem_inv_iff hI] exact fun h y hy => h y (hIJ hy) #align fractional_ideal.inv_anti_mono FractionalIdeal.inv_anti_mono theorem le_self_mul_inv {I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} (hI : I ≤ (1 : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K)) : I ≤ I * I⁻¹ := le_self_mul_one_div hI #align fractional_ideal.le_self_mul_inv FractionalIdeal.le_self_mul_inv variable (K) theorem coe_ideal_le_self_mul_inv (I : Ideal R₁) : (I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) ≤ I * (I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K)⁻¹ := le_self_mul_inv coeIdeal_le_one #align fractional_ideal.coe_ideal_le_self_mul_inv FractionalIdeal.coe_ideal_le_self_mul_inv theorem right_inverse_eq (I J : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) (h : I * J = 1) : J = I⁻¹ := by have hI : I ≠ 0 := ne_zero_of_mul_eq_one I J h suffices h' : I * (1 / I) = 1 from congr_arg Units.inv <| @Units.ext _ _ (Units.mkOfMulEqOne _ _ h) (Units.mkOfMulEqOne _ _ h') rfl apply le_antisymm · apply mul_le.mpr _ intro x hx y hy rw [mul_comm] exact (mem_div_iff_of_nonzero hI).mp hy x hx rw [← h] apply mul_left_mono I apply (le_div_iff_of_nonzero hI).mpr _ intro y hy x hx rw [mul_comm] exact mul_mem_mul hx hy #align fractional_ideal.right_inverse_eq FractionalIdeal.right_inverse_eq theorem mul_inv_cancel_iff {I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} : I * I⁻¹ = 1 ↔ ∃ J, I * J = 1 := ⟨fun h => ⟨I⁻¹, h⟩, fun ⟨J, hJ⟩ => by rwa [← right_inverse_eq K I J hJ]⟩ #align fractional_ideal.mul_inv_cancel_iff FractionalIdeal.mul_inv_cancel_iff theorem mul_inv_cancel_iff_isUnit {I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K} : I * I⁻¹ = 1 ↔ IsUnit I := (mul_inv_cancel_iff K).trans isUnit_iff_exists_inv.symm #align fractional_ideal.mul_inv_cancel_iff_is_unit FractionalIdeal.mul_inv_cancel_iff_isUnit variable {K' : Type*} [Field K'] [Algebra R₁ K'] [IsFractionRing R₁ K'] @[simp] theorem map_inv (I : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) (h : K ≃ₐ[R₁] K') : I⁻¹.map (h : K →ₐ[R₁] K') = (I.map h)⁻¹ := by rw [inv_eq, map_div, map_one, inv_eq] #align fractional_ideal.map_inv FractionalIdeal.map_inv open Submodule Submodule.IsPrincipal @[simp] theorem spanSingleton_inv (x : K) : (spanSingleton R₁⁰ x)⁻¹ = spanSingleton _ x⁻¹ := one_div_spanSingleton x #align fractional_ideal.span_singleton_inv FractionalIdeal.spanSingleton_inv -- @[simp] -- Porting note: not in simpNF form theorem spanSingleton_div_spanSingleton (x y : K) : spanSingleton R₁⁰ x / spanSingleton R₁⁰ y = spanSingleton R₁⁰ (x / y) := by rw [div_spanSingleton, mul_comm, spanSingleton_mul_spanSingleton, div_eq_mul_inv] #align fractional_ideal.span_singleton_div_span_singleton FractionalIdeal.spanSingleton_div_spanSingleton theorem spanSingleton_div_self {x : K} (hx : x ≠ 0) : spanSingleton R₁⁰ x / spanSingleton R₁⁰ x = 1 := by rw [spanSingleton_div_spanSingleton, div_self hx, spanSingleton_one] #align fractional_ideal.span_singleton_div_self FractionalIdeal.spanSingleton_div_self
Mathlib/RingTheory/DedekindDomain/Ideal.lean
158
162
theorem coe_ideal_span_singleton_div_self {x : R₁} (hx : x ≠ 0) : (Ideal.span ({x} : Set R₁) : FractionalIdeal R₁⁰ K) / Ideal.span ({x} : Set R₁) = 1 := by
rw [coeIdeal_span_singleton, spanSingleton_div_self K <| (map_ne_zero_iff _ <| NoZeroSMulDivisors.algebraMap_injective R₁ K).mpr hx]
import Mathlib.Analysis.BoxIntegral.Partition.Filter import Mathlib.Analysis.BoxIntegral.Partition.Measure import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Compact import Mathlib.Init.Data.Bool.Lemmas #align_import analysis.box_integral.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open scoped Classical Topology NNReal Filter Uniformity BoxIntegral open Set Finset Function Filter Metric BoxIntegral.IntegrationParams noncomputable section namespace BoxIntegral universe u v w variable {ι : Type u} {E : Type v} {F : Type w} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace ℝ E] [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℝ F] {I J : Box ι} {π : TaggedPrepartition I} open TaggedPrepartition local notation "ℝⁿ" => ι → ℝ def integralSum (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) (π : TaggedPrepartition I) : F := ∑ J ∈ π.boxes, vol J (f (π.tag J)) #align box_integral.integral_sum BoxIntegral.integralSum theorem integralSum_biUnionTagged (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) (π : Prepartition I) (πi : ∀ J, TaggedPrepartition J) : integralSum f vol (π.biUnionTagged πi) = ∑ J ∈ π.boxes, integralSum f vol (πi J) := by refine (π.sum_biUnion_boxes _ _).trans <| sum_congr rfl fun J hJ => sum_congr rfl fun J' hJ' => ?_ rw [π.tag_biUnionTagged hJ hJ'] #align box_integral.integral_sum_bUnion_tagged BoxIntegral.integralSum_biUnionTagged theorem integralSum_biUnion_partition (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) (π : TaggedPrepartition I) (πi : ∀ J, Prepartition J) (hπi : ∀ J ∈ π, (πi J).IsPartition) : integralSum f vol (π.biUnionPrepartition πi) = integralSum f vol π := by refine (π.sum_biUnion_boxes _ _).trans (sum_congr rfl fun J hJ => ?_) calc (∑ J' ∈ (πi J).boxes, vol J' (f (π.tag <| π.toPrepartition.biUnionIndex πi J'))) = ∑ J' ∈ (πi J).boxes, vol J' (f (π.tag J)) := sum_congr rfl fun J' hJ' => by rw [Prepartition.biUnionIndex_of_mem _ hJ hJ'] _ = vol J (f (π.tag J)) := (vol.map ⟨⟨fun g : E →L[ℝ] F => g (f (π.tag J)), rfl⟩, fun _ _ => rfl⟩).sum_partition_boxes le_top (hπi J hJ) #align box_integral.integral_sum_bUnion_partition BoxIntegral.integralSum_biUnion_partition theorem integralSum_inf_partition (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) (π : TaggedPrepartition I) {π' : Prepartition I} (h : π'.IsPartition) : integralSum f vol (π.infPrepartition π') = integralSum f vol π := integralSum_biUnion_partition f vol π _ fun _J hJ => h.restrict (Prepartition.le_of_mem _ hJ) #align box_integral.integral_sum_inf_partition BoxIntegral.integralSum_inf_partition theorem integralSum_fiberwise {α} (g : Box ι → α) (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) (π : TaggedPrepartition I) : (∑ y ∈ π.boxes.image g, integralSum f vol (π.filter (g · = y))) = integralSum f vol π := π.sum_fiberwise g fun J => vol J (f <| π.tag J) #align box_integral.integral_sum_fiberwise BoxIntegral.integralSum_fiberwise
Mathlib/Analysis/BoxIntegral/Basic.lean
115
123
theorem integralSum_sub_partitions (f : ℝⁿ → E) (vol : ι →ᵇᵃ E →L[ℝ] F) {π₁ π₂ : TaggedPrepartition I} (h₁ : π₁.IsPartition) (h₂ : π₂.IsPartition) : integralSum f vol π₁ - integralSum f vol π₂ = ∑ J ∈ (π₁.toPrepartition ⊓ π₂.toPrepartition).boxes, (vol J (f <| (π₁.infPrepartition π₂.toPrepartition).tag J) - vol J (f <| (π₂.infPrepartition π₁.toPrepartition).tag J)) := by
rw [← integralSum_inf_partition f vol π₁ h₂, ← integralSum_inf_partition f vol π₂ h₁, integralSum, integralSum, Finset.sum_sub_distrib] simp only [infPrepartition_toPrepartition, inf_comm]
import Mathlib.Order.Filter.EventuallyConst import Mathlib.Order.PartialSups import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Submodule.IterateMapComap import Mathlib.RingTheory.OrzechProperty import Mathlib.RingTheory.Nilpotent.Lemmas #align_import ring_theory.noetherian from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"210657c4ea4a4a7b234392f70a3a2a83346dfa90" open Set Filter Pointwise -- Porting note: should this be renamed to `Noetherian`? class IsNoetherian (R M) [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M] [Module R M] : Prop where noetherian : ∀ s : Submodule R M, s.FG #align is_noetherian IsNoetherian attribute [inherit_doc IsNoetherian] IsNoetherian.noetherian section variable {R : Type*} {M : Type*} {P : Type*} variable [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M] [AddCommMonoid P] variable [Module R M] [Module R P] open IsNoetherian theorem isNoetherian_def : IsNoetherian R M ↔ ∀ s : Submodule R M, s.FG := ⟨fun h => h.noetherian, IsNoetherian.mk⟩ #align is_noetherian_def isNoetherian_def theorem isNoetherian_submodule {N : Submodule R M} : IsNoetherian R N ↔ ∀ s : Submodule R M, s ≤ N → s.FG := by refine ⟨fun ⟨hn⟩ => fun s hs => have : s ≤ LinearMap.range N.subtype := N.range_subtype.symm ▸ hs Submodule.map_comap_eq_self this ▸ (hn _).map _, fun h => ⟨fun s => ?_⟩⟩ have f := (Submodule.equivMapOfInjective N.subtype Subtype.val_injective s).symm have h₁ := h (s.map N.subtype) (Submodule.map_subtype_le N s) have h₂ : (⊤ : Submodule R (s.map N.subtype)).map f = ⊤ := by simp have h₃ := ((Submodule.fg_top _).2 h₁).map (↑f : _ →ₗ[R] s) exact (Submodule.fg_top _).1 (h₂ ▸ h₃) #align is_noetherian_submodule isNoetherian_submodule theorem isNoetherian_submodule_left {N : Submodule R M} : IsNoetherian R N ↔ ∀ s : Submodule R M, (N ⊓ s).FG := isNoetherian_submodule.trans ⟨fun H _ => H _ inf_le_left, fun H _ hs => inf_of_le_right hs ▸ H _⟩ #align is_noetherian_submodule_left isNoetherian_submodule_left theorem isNoetherian_submodule_right {N : Submodule R M} : IsNoetherian R N ↔ ∀ s : Submodule R M, (s ⊓ N).FG := isNoetherian_submodule.trans ⟨fun H _ => H _ inf_le_right, fun H _ hs => inf_of_le_left hs ▸ H _⟩ #align is_noetherian_submodule_right isNoetherian_submodule_right instance isNoetherian_submodule' [IsNoetherian R M] (N : Submodule R M) : IsNoetherian R N := isNoetherian_submodule.2 fun _ _ => IsNoetherian.noetherian _ #align is_noetherian_submodule' isNoetherian_submodule' theorem isNoetherian_of_le {s t : Submodule R M} [ht : IsNoetherian R t] (h : s ≤ t) : IsNoetherian R s := isNoetherian_submodule.mpr fun _ hs' => isNoetherian_submodule.mp ht _ (le_trans hs' h) #align is_noetherian_of_le isNoetherian_of_le variable (M) theorem isNoetherian_of_surjective (f : M →ₗ[R] P) (hf : LinearMap.range f = ⊤) [IsNoetherian R M] : IsNoetherian R P := ⟨fun s => have : (s.comap f).map f = s := Submodule.map_comap_eq_self <| hf.symm ▸ le_top this ▸ (noetherian _).map _⟩ #align is_noetherian_of_surjective isNoetherian_of_surjective variable {M} instance isNoetherian_quotient {R} [Ring R] {M} [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] (N : Submodule R M) [IsNoetherian R M] : IsNoetherian R (M ⧸ N) := isNoetherian_of_surjective _ _ (LinearMap.range_eq_top.mpr N.mkQ_surjective) #align submodule.quotient.is_noetherian isNoetherian_quotient @[deprecated (since := "2024-04-27"), nolint defLemma] alias Submodule.Quotient.isNoetherian := isNoetherian_quotient theorem isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (f : M ≃ₗ[R] P) [IsNoetherian R M] : IsNoetherian R P := isNoetherian_of_surjective _ f.toLinearMap f.range #align is_noetherian_of_linear_equiv isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv theorem isNoetherian_top_iff : IsNoetherian R (⊤ : Submodule R M) ↔ IsNoetherian R M := by constructor <;> intro h · exact isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (LinearEquiv.ofTop (⊤ : Submodule R M) rfl) · exact isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (LinearEquiv.ofTop (⊤ : Submodule R M) rfl).symm #align is_noetherian_top_iff isNoetherian_top_iff theorem isNoetherian_of_injective [IsNoetherian R P] (f : M →ₗ[R] P) (hf : Function.Injective f) : IsNoetherian R M := isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (LinearEquiv.ofInjective f hf).symm #align is_noetherian_of_injective isNoetherian_of_injective theorem fg_of_injective [IsNoetherian R P] {N : Submodule R M} (f : M →ₗ[R] P) (hf : Function.Injective f) : N.FG := haveI := isNoetherian_of_injective f hf IsNoetherian.noetherian N #align fg_of_injective fg_of_injective end section variable {R : Type*} {M : Type*} {P : Type*} variable [Ring R] [AddCommGroup M] [AddCommGroup P] variable [Module R M] [Module R P] open IsNoetherian theorem isNoetherian_of_ker_bot [IsNoetherian R P] (f : M →ₗ[R] P) (hf : LinearMap.ker f = ⊥) : IsNoetherian R M := isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (LinearEquiv.ofInjective f <| LinearMap.ker_eq_bot.mp hf).symm #align is_noetherian_of_ker_bot isNoetherian_of_ker_bot theorem fg_of_ker_bot [IsNoetherian R P] {N : Submodule R M} (f : M →ₗ[R] P) (hf : LinearMap.ker f = ⊥) : N.FG := haveI := isNoetherian_of_ker_bot f hf IsNoetherian.noetherian N #align fg_of_ker_bot fg_of_ker_bot instance isNoetherian_prod [IsNoetherian R M] [IsNoetherian R P] : IsNoetherian R (M × P) := ⟨fun s => Submodule.fg_of_fg_map_of_fg_inf_ker (LinearMap.snd R M P) (noetherian _) <| have : s ⊓ LinearMap.ker (LinearMap.snd R M P) ≤ LinearMap.range (LinearMap.inl R M P) := fun x ⟨_, hx2⟩ => ⟨x.1, Prod.ext rfl <| Eq.symm <| LinearMap.mem_ker.1 hx2⟩ Submodule.map_comap_eq_self this ▸ (noetherian _).map _⟩ #align is_noetherian_prod isNoetherian_prod instance isNoetherian_pi {R ι : Type*} {M : ι → Type*} [Ring R] [∀ i, AddCommGroup (M i)] [∀ i, Module R (M i)] [Finite ι] [∀ i, IsNoetherian R (M i)] : IsNoetherian R (∀ i, M i) := by cases nonempty_fintype ι haveI := Classical.decEq ι suffices on_finset : ∀ s : Finset ι, IsNoetherian R (∀ i : s, M i) by let coe_e := Equiv.subtypeUnivEquiv <| @Finset.mem_univ ι _ letI : IsNoetherian R (∀ i : Finset.univ, M (coe_e i)) := on_finset Finset.univ exact isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv (LinearEquiv.piCongrLeft R M coe_e) intro s induction' s using Finset.induction with a s has ih · exact ⟨fun s => by have : s = ⊥ := by simp only [eq_iff_true_of_subsingleton] rw [this] apply Submodule.fg_bot⟩ refine @isNoetherian_of_linearEquiv R (M a × ((i : s) → M i)) _ _ _ _ _ _ ?_ <| @isNoetherian_prod R (M a) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ih refine { toFun := fun f i => (Finset.mem_insert.1 i.2).by_cases (fun h : i.1 = a => show M i.1 from Eq.recOn h.symm f.1) (fun h : i.1 ∈ s => show M i.1 from f.2 ⟨i.1, h⟩), invFun := fun f => (f ⟨a, Finset.mem_insert_self _ _⟩, fun i => f ⟨i.1, Finset.mem_insert_of_mem i.2⟩), map_add' := ?_, map_smul' := ?_ left_inv := ?_, right_inv := ?_ } · intro f g ext i unfold Or.by_cases cases' i with i hi rcases Finset.mem_insert.1 hi with (rfl | h) · change _ = _ + _ simp only [dif_pos] rfl · change _ = _ + _ have : ¬i = a := by rintro rfl exact has h simp only [dif_neg this, dif_pos h] rfl · intro c f ext i unfold Or.by_cases cases' i with i hi rcases Finset.mem_insert.1 hi with (rfl | h) · dsimp simp only [dif_pos] · dsimp have : ¬i = a := by rintro rfl exact has h simp only [dif_neg this, dif_pos h] · intro f apply Prod.ext · simp only [Or.by_cases, dif_pos] · ext ⟨i, his⟩ have : ¬i = a := by rintro rfl exact has his simp only [Or.by_cases, this, not_false_iff, dif_neg] · intro f ext ⟨i, hi⟩ rcases Finset.mem_insert.1 hi with (rfl | h) · simp only [Or.by_cases, dif_pos] · have : ¬i = a := by rintro rfl exact has h simp only [Or.by_cases, dif_neg this, dif_pos h] #align is_noetherian_pi isNoetherian_pi instance isNoetherian_pi' {R ι M : Type*} [Ring R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [Finite ι] [IsNoetherian R M] : IsNoetherian R (ι → M) := isNoetherian_pi #align is_noetherian_pi' isNoetherian_pi' end open IsNoetherian Submodule Function section universe w variable {R M P : Type*} {N : Type w} [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M] [Module R M] [AddCommMonoid N] [Module R N] [AddCommMonoid P] [Module R P] theorem isNoetherian_iff_wellFounded : IsNoetherian R M ↔ WellFounded ((· > ·) : Submodule R M → Submodule R M → Prop) := by have := (CompleteLattice.wellFounded_characterisations <| Submodule R M).out 0 3 -- Porting note: inlining this makes rw complain about it being a metavariable rw [this] exact ⟨fun ⟨h⟩ => fun k => (fg_iff_compact k).mp (h k), fun h => ⟨fun k => (fg_iff_compact k).mpr (h k)⟩⟩ #align is_noetherian_iff_well_founded isNoetherian_iff_wellFounded theorem isNoetherian_iff_fg_wellFounded : IsNoetherian R M ↔ WellFounded ((· > ·) : { N : Submodule R M // N.FG } → { N : Submodule R M // N.FG } → Prop) := by let α := { N : Submodule R M // N.FG } constructor · intro H let f : α ↪o Submodule R M := OrderEmbedding.subtype _ exact OrderEmbedding.wellFounded f.dual (isNoetherian_iff_wellFounded.mp H) · intro H constructor intro N obtain ⟨⟨N₀, h₁⟩, e : N₀ ≤ N, h₂⟩ := WellFounded.has_min H { N' : α | N'.1 ≤ N } ⟨⟨⊥, Submodule.fg_bot⟩, @bot_le _ _ _ N⟩ convert h₁ refine (e.antisymm ?_).symm by_contra h₃ obtain ⟨x, hx₁ : x ∈ N, hx₂ : x ∉ N₀⟩ := Set.not_subset.mp h₃ apply hx₂ rw [eq_of_le_of_not_lt (le_sup_right : N₀ ≤ _) (h₂ ⟨_, Submodule.FG.sup ⟨{x}, by rw [Finset.coe_singleton]⟩ h₁⟩ <| sup_le ((Submodule.span_singleton_le_iff_mem _ _).mpr hx₁) e)] exact (le_sup_left : (R ∙ x) ≤ _) (Submodule.mem_span_singleton_self _) #align is_noetherian_iff_fg_well_founded isNoetherian_iff_fg_wellFounded variable (R M) theorem wellFounded_submodule_gt (R M) [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M] [Module R M] : ∀ [IsNoetherian R M], WellFounded ((· > ·) : Submodule R M → Submodule R M → Prop) := isNoetherian_iff_wellFounded.mp ‹_› #align well_founded_submodule_gt wellFounded_submodule_gt variable {R M}
Mathlib/RingTheory/Noetherian.lean
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theorem set_has_maximal_iff_noetherian : (∀ a : Set <| Submodule R M, a.Nonempty → ∃ M' ∈ a, ∀ I ∈ a, ¬M' < I) ↔ IsNoetherian R M := by
rw [isNoetherian_iff_wellFounded, WellFounded.wellFounded_iff_has_min]
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Function import Mathlib.Analysis.BoundedVariation #align_import analysis.constant_speed from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f0c8bf9245297a541f468be517f1bde6195105e9" open scoped NNReal ENNReal open Set MeasureTheory Classical variable {α : Type*} [LinearOrder α] {E : Type*} [PseudoEMetricSpace E] variable (f : ℝ → E) (s : Set ℝ) (l : ℝ≥0) def HasConstantSpeedOnWith := ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), eVariationOn f (s ∩ Icc x y) = ENNReal.ofReal (l * (y - x)) #align has_constant_speed_on_with HasConstantSpeedOnWith variable {f s l} theorem HasConstantSpeedOnWith.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn (h : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l) : LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s := fun x y hx hy => by simp only [BoundedVariationOn, h hx hy, Ne, ENNReal.ofReal_ne_top, not_false_iff] #align has_constant_speed_on_with.has_locally_bounded_variation_on HasConstantSpeedOnWith.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_of_subsingleton (f : ℝ → E) {s : Set ℝ} (hs : s.Subsingleton) (l : ℝ≥0) : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l := by rintro x hx y hy; cases hs hx hy rw [eVariationOn.subsingleton f (fun y hy z hz => hs hy.1 hz.1 : (s ∩ Icc x x).Subsingleton)] simp only [sub_self, mul_zero, ENNReal.ofReal_zero] #align has_constant_speed_on_with_of_subsingleton hasConstantSpeedOnWith_of_subsingleton theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l ↔ ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), x ≤ y → eVariationOn f (s ∩ Icc x y) = ENNReal.ofReal (l * (y - x)) := by refine ⟨fun h x xs y ys _ => h xs ys, fun h x xs y ys => ?_⟩ rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · exact h xs ys xy · rw [eVariationOn.subsingleton, ENNReal.ofReal_of_nonpos] · exact mul_nonpos_of_nonneg_of_nonpos l.prop (sub_nonpos_of_le yx) · rintro z ⟨zs, xz, zy⟩ w ⟨ws, xw, wy⟩ cases le_antisymm (zy.trans yx) xz cases le_antisymm (wy.trans yx) xw rfl #align has_constant_speed_on_with_iff_ordered hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_variationOnFromTo_eq : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l ↔ LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s ∧ ∀ ⦃x⦄ (_ : x ∈ s) ⦃y⦄ (_ : y ∈ s), variationOnFromTo f s x y = l * (y - x) := by constructor · rintro h; refine ⟨h.hasLocallyBoundedVariationOn, fun x xs y ys => ?_⟩ rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] at h rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_of_le f s xy, h xs ys xy] exact ENNReal.toReal_ofReal (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr xy)) · rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_of_ge f s yx, h ys xs yx] have := ENNReal.toReal_ofReal (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr yx)) simp_all only [NNReal.val_eq_coe]; ring · rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] rintro h x xs y ys xy rw [← h.2 xs ys, variationOnFromTo.eq_of_le f s xy, ENNReal.ofReal_toReal (h.1 x y xs ys)] #align has_constant_speed_on_with_iff_variation_on_from_to_eq hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_variationOnFromTo_eq theorem HasConstantSpeedOnWith.union {t : Set ℝ} (hfs : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s l) (hft : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f t l) {x : ℝ} (hs : IsGreatest s x) (ht : IsLeast t x) : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f (s ∪ t) l := by rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] at hfs hft ⊢ rintro z (zs | zt) y (ys | yt) zy · have : (s ∪ t) ∩ Icc z y = s ∩ Icc z y := by ext w; constructor · rintro ⟨ws | wt, zw, wy⟩ · exact ⟨ws, zw, wy⟩ · exact ⟨(le_antisymm (wy.trans (hs.2 ys)) (ht.2 wt)).symm ▸ hs.1, zw, wy⟩ · rintro ⟨ws, zwy⟩; exact ⟨Or.inl ws, zwy⟩ rw [this, hfs zs ys zy] · have : (s ∪ t) ∩ Icc z y = s ∩ Icc z x ∪ t ∩ Icc x y := by ext w; constructor · rintro ⟨ws | wt, zw, wy⟩ exacts [Or.inl ⟨ws, zw, hs.2 ws⟩, Or.inr ⟨wt, ht.2 wt, wy⟩] · rintro (⟨ws, zw, wx⟩ | ⟨wt, xw, wy⟩) exacts [⟨Or.inl ws, zw, wx.trans (ht.2 yt)⟩, ⟨Or.inr wt, (hs.2 zs).trans xw, wy⟩] rw [this, @eVariationOn.union _ _ _ _ f _ _ x, hfs zs hs.1 (hs.2 zs), hft ht.1 yt (ht.2 yt)] · have q := ENNReal.ofReal_add (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr (hs.2 zs))) (mul_nonneg l.prop (sub_nonneg.mpr (ht.2 yt))) simp only [NNReal.val_eq_coe] at q rw [← q] ring_nf exacts [⟨⟨hs.1, hs.2 zs, le_rfl⟩, fun w ⟨_, _, wx⟩ => wx⟩, ⟨⟨ht.1, le_rfl, ht.2 yt⟩, fun w ⟨_, xw, _⟩ => xw⟩] · cases le_antisymm zy ((hs.2 ys).trans (ht.2 zt)) simp only [Icc_self, sub_self, mul_zero, ENNReal.ofReal_zero] exact eVariationOn.subsingleton _ fun _ ⟨_, uz⟩ _ ⟨_, vz⟩ => uz.trans vz.symm · have : (s ∪ t) ∩ Icc z y = t ∩ Icc z y := by ext w; constructor · rintro ⟨ws | wt, zw, wy⟩ · exact ⟨le_antisymm ((ht.2 zt).trans zw) (hs.2 ws) ▸ ht.1, zw, wy⟩ · exact ⟨wt, zw, wy⟩ · rintro ⟨wt, zwy⟩; exact ⟨Or.inr wt, zwy⟩ rw [this, hft zt yt zy] #align has_constant_speed_on_with.union HasConstantSpeedOnWith.union theorem HasConstantSpeedOnWith.Icc_Icc {x y z : ℝ} (hfs : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f (Icc x y) l) (hft : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f (Icc y z) l) : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f (Icc x z) l := by rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · rcases le_total y z with (yz | zy) · rw [← Set.Icc_union_Icc_eq_Icc xy yz] exact hfs.union hft (isGreatest_Icc xy) (isLeast_Icc yz) · rintro u ⟨xu, uz⟩ v ⟨xv, vz⟩ rw [Icc_inter_Icc, sup_of_le_right xu, inf_of_le_right vz, ← hfs ⟨xu, uz.trans zy⟩ ⟨xv, vz.trans zy⟩, Icc_inter_Icc, sup_of_le_right xu, inf_of_le_right (vz.trans zy)] · rintro u ⟨xu, uz⟩ v ⟨xv, vz⟩ rw [Icc_inter_Icc, sup_of_le_right xu, inf_of_le_right vz, ← hft ⟨yx.trans xu, uz⟩ ⟨yx.trans xv, vz⟩, Icc_inter_Icc, sup_of_le_right (yx.trans xu), inf_of_le_right vz] #align has_constant_speed_on_with.Icc_Icc HasConstantSpeedOnWith.Icc_Icc theorem hasConstantSpeedOnWith_zero_iff : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s 0 ↔ ∀ᵉ (x ∈ s) (y ∈ s), edist (f x) (f y) = 0 := by dsimp [HasConstantSpeedOnWith] simp only [zero_mul, ENNReal.ofReal_zero, ← eVariationOn.eq_zero_iff] constructor · by_contra! obtain ⟨h, hfs⟩ := this simp_rw [ne_eq, eVariationOn.eq_zero_iff] at hfs h push_neg at hfs obtain ⟨x, xs, y, ys, hxy⟩ := hfs rcases le_total x y with (xy | yx) · exact hxy (h xs ys x ⟨xs, le_rfl, xy⟩ y ⟨ys, xy, le_rfl⟩) · rw [edist_comm] at hxy exact hxy (h ys xs y ⟨ys, le_rfl, yx⟩ x ⟨xs, yx, le_rfl⟩) · rintro h x _ y _ refine le_antisymm ?_ zero_le' rw [← h] exact eVariationOn.mono f inter_subset_left #align has_constant_speed_on_with_zero_iff hasConstantSpeedOnWith_zero_iff theorem HasConstantSpeedOnWith.ratio {l' : ℝ≥0} (hl' : l' ≠ 0) {φ : ℝ → ℝ} (φm : MonotoneOn φ s) (hfφ : HasConstantSpeedOnWith (f ∘ φ) s l) (hf : HasConstantSpeedOnWith f (φ '' s) l') ⦃x : ℝ⦄ (xs : x ∈ s) : EqOn φ (fun y => l / l' * (y - x) + φ x) s := by rintro y ys rw [← sub_eq_iff_eq_add, mul_comm, ← mul_div_assoc, eq_div_iff (NNReal.coe_ne_zero.mpr hl')] rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_variationOnFromTo_eq] at hf rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_variationOnFromTo_eq] at hfφ symm calc (y - x) * l = l * (y - x) := by rw [mul_comm] _ = variationOnFromTo (f ∘ φ) s x y := (hfφ.2 xs ys).symm _ = variationOnFromTo f (φ '' s) (φ x) (φ y) := (variationOnFromTo.comp_eq_of_monotoneOn f φ φm xs ys) _ = l' * (φ y - φ x) := (hf.2 ⟨x, xs, rfl⟩ ⟨y, ys, rfl⟩) _ = (φ y - φ x) * l' := by rw [mul_comm] #align has_constant_speed_on_with.ratio HasConstantSpeedOnWith.ratio def HasUnitSpeedOn (f : ℝ → E) (s : Set ℝ) := HasConstantSpeedOnWith f s 1 #align has_unit_speed_on HasUnitSpeedOn theorem HasUnitSpeedOn.union {t : Set ℝ} {x : ℝ} (hfs : HasUnitSpeedOn f s) (hft : HasUnitSpeedOn f t) (hs : IsGreatest s x) (ht : IsLeast t x) : HasUnitSpeedOn f (s ∪ t) := HasConstantSpeedOnWith.union hfs hft hs ht #align has_unit_speed_on.union HasUnitSpeedOn.union theorem HasUnitSpeedOn.Icc_Icc {x y z : ℝ} (hfs : HasUnitSpeedOn f (Icc x y)) (hft : HasUnitSpeedOn f (Icc y z)) : HasUnitSpeedOn f (Icc x z) := HasConstantSpeedOnWith.Icc_Icc hfs hft #align has_unit_speed_on.Icc_Icc HasUnitSpeedOn.Icc_Icc theorem unique_unit_speed {φ : ℝ → ℝ} (φm : MonotoneOn φ s) (hfφ : HasUnitSpeedOn (f ∘ φ) s) (hf : HasUnitSpeedOn f (φ '' s)) ⦃x : ℝ⦄ (xs : x ∈ s) : EqOn φ (fun y => y - x + φ x) s := by dsimp only [HasUnitSpeedOn] at hf hfφ convert HasConstantSpeedOnWith.ratio one_ne_zero φm hfφ hf xs using 3 norm_num #align unique_unit_speed unique_unit_speed theorem unique_unit_speed_on_Icc_zero {s t : ℝ} (hs : 0 ≤ s) (ht : 0 ≤ t) {φ : ℝ → ℝ} (φm : MonotoneOn φ <| Icc 0 s) (φst : φ '' Icc 0 s = Icc 0 t) (hfφ : HasUnitSpeedOn (f ∘ φ) (Icc 0 s)) (hf : HasUnitSpeedOn f (Icc 0 t)) : EqOn φ id (Icc 0 s) := by rw [← φst] at hf convert unique_unit_speed φm hfφ hf ⟨le_rfl, hs⟩ using 1 have : φ 0 = 0 := by have hm : 0 ∈ φ '' Icc 0 s := by simp only [φst, ht, mem_Icc, le_refl, and_self] obtain ⟨x, xs, hx⟩ := hm apply le_antisymm ((φm ⟨le_rfl, hs⟩ xs xs.1).trans_eq hx) _ have := φst ▸ mapsTo_image φ (Icc 0 s) exact (mem_Icc.mp (@this 0 (by rw [mem_Icc]; exact ⟨le_rfl, hs⟩))).1 simp only [tsub_zero, this, add_zero] rfl #align unique_unit_speed_on_Icc_zero unique_unit_speed_on_Icc_zero noncomputable def naturalParameterization (f : α → E) (s : Set α) (a : α) : ℝ → E := f ∘ @Function.invFunOn _ _ ⟨a⟩ (variationOnFromTo f s a) s #align natural_parameterization naturalParameterization theorem edist_naturalParameterization_eq_zero {f : α → E} {s : Set α} (hf : LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s) {a : α} (as : a ∈ s) {b : α} (bs : b ∈ s) : edist (naturalParameterization f s a (variationOnFromTo f s a b)) (f b) = 0 := by dsimp only [naturalParameterization] haveI : Nonempty α := ⟨a⟩ obtain ⟨cs, hc⟩ := @Function.invFunOn_pos _ _ _ s (variationOnFromTo f s a) (variationOnFromTo f s a b) ⟨b, bs, rfl⟩ rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_left_iff hf as cs bs] at hc apply variationOnFromTo.edist_zero_of_eq_zero hf cs bs hc #align edist_natural_parameterization_eq_zero edist_naturalParameterization_eq_zero
Mathlib/Analysis/ConstantSpeed.lean
259
277
theorem has_unit_speed_naturalParameterization (f : α → E) {s : Set α} (hf : LocallyBoundedVariationOn f s) {a : α} (as : a ∈ s) : HasUnitSpeedOn (naturalParameterization f s a) (variationOnFromTo f s a '' s) := by
dsimp only [HasUnitSpeedOn] rw [hasConstantSpeedOnWith_iff_ordered] rintro _ ⟨b, bs, rfl⟩ _ ⟨c, cs, rfl⟩ h rcases le_total c b with (cb | bc) · rw [NNReal.coe_one, one_mul, le_antisymm h (variationOnFromTo.monotoneOn hf as cs bs cb), sub_self, ENNReal.ofReal_zero, Icc_self, eVariationOn.subsingleton] exact fun x hx y hy => hx.2.trans hy.2.symm · rw [NNReal.coe_one, one_mul, sub_eq_add_neg, variationOnFromTo.eq_neg_swap, neg_neg, add_comm, variationOnFromTo.add hf bs as cs, ← variationOnFromTo.eq_neg_swap f] rw [← eVariationOn.comp_inter_Icc_eq_of_monotoneOn (naturalParameterization f s a) _ (variationOnFromTo.monotoneOn hf as) bs cs] rw [@eVariationOn.eq_of_edist_zero_on _ _ _ _ _ f] · rw [variationOnFromTo.eq_of_le _ _ bc, ENNReal.ofReal_toReal (hf b c bs cs)] · rintro x ⟨xs, _, _⟩ exact edist_naturalParameterization_eq_zero hf as xs
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.JapaneseBracket import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Integrals import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Group.Integral import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.IntegralEqImproper import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Lebesgue.Integral #align_import analysis.special_functions.improper_integrals from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fd5edc43dc4f10b85abfe544b88f82cf13c5f844" open Real Set Filter MeasureTheory intervalIntegral open scoped Topology theorem integrableOn_exp_Iic (c : ℝ) : IntegrableOn exp (Iic c) := by refine integrableOn_Iic_of_intervalIntegral_norm_bounded (exp c) c (fun y => intervalIntegrable_exp.1) tendsto_id (eventually_of_mem (Iic_mem_atBot 0) fun y _ => ?_) simp_rw [norm_of_nonneg (exp_pos _).le, integral_exp, sub_le_self_iff] exact (exp_pos _).le #align integrable_on_exp_Iic integrableOn_exp_Iic theorem integral_exp_Iic (c : ℝ) : ∫ x : ℝ in Iic c, exp x = exp c := by refine tendsto_nhds_unique (intervalIntegral_tendsto_integral_Iic _ (integrableOn_exp_Iic _) tendsto_id) ?_ simp_rw [integral_exp, show 𝓝 (exp c) = 𝓝 (exp c - 0) by rw [sub_zero]] exact tendsto_exp_atBot.const_sub _ #align integral_exp_Iic integral_exp_Iic theorem integral_exp_Iic_zero : ∫ x : ℝ in Iic 0, exp x = 1 := exp_zero ▸ integral_exp_Iic 0 #align integral_exp_Iic_zero integral_exp_Iic_zero theorem integral_exp_neg_Ioi (c : ℝ) : (∫ x : ℝ in Ioi c, exp (-x)) = exp (-c) := by simpa only [integral_comp_neg_Ioi] using integral_exp_Iic (-c) #align integral_exp_neg_Ioi integral_exp_neg_Ioi theorem integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero : (∫ x : ℝ in Ioi 0, exp (-x)) = 1 := by simpa only [neg_zero, exp_zero] using integral_exp_neg_Ioi 0 #align integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero theorem integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt {a : ℝ} (ha : a < -1) {c : ℝ} (hc : 0 < c) : IntegrableOn (fun t : ℝ => t ^ a) (Ioi c) := by have hd : ∀ x ∈ Ici c, HasDerivAt (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) (x ^ a) x := by intro x hx -- Porting note: helped `convert` with explicit arguments convert (hasDerivAt_rpow_const (p := a + 1) (Or.inl (hc.trans_le hx).ne')).div_const _ using 1 field_simp [show a + 1 ≠ 0 from ne_of_lt (by linarith), mul_comm] have ht : Tendsto (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) atTop (𝓝 (0 / (a + 1))) := by apply Tendsto.div_const simpa only [neg_neg] using tendsto_rpow_neg_atTop (by linarith : 0 < -(a + 1)) exact integrableOn_Ioi_deriv_of_nonneg' hd (fun t ht => rpow_nonneg (hc.trans ht).le a) ht #align integrable_on_Ioi_rpow_of_lt integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/ImproperIntegrals.lean
76
90
theorem integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_iff {s t : ℝ} (ht : 0 < t) : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi t) ↔ s < -1 := by
refine ⟨fun h ↦ ?_, fun h ↦ integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt h ht⟩ contrapose! h intro H have H' : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi (max 1 t)) := H.mono (Set.Ioi_subset_Ioi (le_max_right _ _)) le_rfl have : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x⁻¹) (Ioi (max 1 t)) := by apply H'.mono' measurable_inv.aestronglyMeasurable filter_upwards [ae_restrict_mem measurableSet_Ioi] with x hx have x_one : 1 ≤ x := ((le_max_left _ _).trans_lt (mem_Ioi.1 hx)).le simp only [norm_inv, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_of_nonneg (zero_le_one.trans x_one)] rw [← Real.rpow_neg_one x] exact Real.rpow_le_rpow_of_exponent_le x_one h exact not_IntegrableOn_Ioi_inv this
import Mathlib.Combinatorics.SimpleGraph.Connectivity import Mathlib.Combinatorics.SimpleGraph.Operations import Mathlib.Data.Finset.Pairwise #align_import combinatorics.simple_graph.clique from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3365b20c2ffa7c35e47e5209b89ba9abdddf3ffe" open Finset Fintype Function SimpleGraph.Walk namespace SimpleGraph variable {α β : Type*} (G H : SimpleGraph α) section Clique variable {s t : Set α} abbrev IsClique (s : Set α) : Prop := s.Pairwise G.Adj #align simple_graph.is_clique SimpleGraph.IsClique theorem isClique_iff : G.IsClique s ↔ s.Pairwise G.Adj := Iff.rfl #align simple_graph.is_clique_iff SimpleGraph.isClique_iff
Mathlib/Combinatorics/SimpleGraph/Clique.lean
55
66
theorem isClique_iff_induce_eq : G.IsClique s ↔ G.induce s = ⊤ := by
rw [isClique_iff] constructor · intro h ext ⟨v, hv⟩ ⟨w, hw⟩ simp only [comap_adj, Subtype.coe_mk, top_adj, Ne, Subtype.mk_eq_mk] exact ⟨Adj.ne, h hv hw⟩ · intro h v hv w hw hne have h2 : (G.induce s).Adj ⟨v, hv⟩ ⟨w, hw⟩ = _ := rfl conv_lhs at h2 => rw [h] simp only [top_adj, ne_eq, Subtype.mk.injEq, eq_iff_iff] at h2 exact h2.1 hne
import Mathlib.Order.Filter.Lift import Mathlib.Topology.Defs.Filter #align_import topology.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e354e865255654389cc46e6032160238df2e0f40" noncomputable section open Set Filter universe u v w x def TopologicalSpace.ofClosed {X : Type u} (T : Set (Set X)) (empty_mem : ∅ ∈ T) (sInter_mem : ∀ A, A ⊆ T → ⋂₀ A ∈ T) (union_mem : ∀ A, A ∈ T → ∀ B, B ∈ T → A ∪ B ∈ T) : TopologicalSpace X where IsOpen X := Xᶜ ∈ T isOpen_univ := by simp [empty_mem] isOpen_inter s t hs ht := by simpa only [compl_inter] using union_mem sᶜ hs tᶜ ht isOpen_sUnion s hs := by simp only [Set.compl_sUnion] exact sInter_mem (compl '' s) fun z ⟨y, hy, hz⟩ => hz ▸ hs y hy #align topological_space.of_closed TopologicalSpace.ofClosed section TopologicalSpace variable {X : Type u} {Y : Type v} {ι : Sort w} {α β : Type*} {x : X} {s s₁ s₂ t : Set X} {p p₁ p₂ : X → Prop} open Topology lemma isOpen_mk {p h₁ h₂ h₃} : IsOpen[⟨p, h₁, h₂, h₃⟩] s ↔ p s := Iff.rfl #align is_open_mk isOpen_mk @[ext] protected theorem TopologicalSpace.ext : ∀ {f g : TopologicalSpace X}, IsOpen[f] = IsOpen[g] → f = g | ⟨_, _, _, _⟩, ⟨_, _, _, _⟩, rfl => rfl #align topological_space_eq TopologicalSpace.ext section variable [TopologicalSpace X] end protected theorem TopologicalSpace.ext_iff {t t' : TopologicalSpace X} : t = t' ↔ ∀ s, IsOpen[t] s ↔ IsOpen[t'] s := ⟨fun h s => h ▸ Iff.rfl, fun h => by ext; exact h _⟩ #align topological_space_eq_iff TopologicalSpace.ext_iff theorem isOpen_fold {t : TopologicalSpace X} : t.IsOpen s = IsOpen[t] s := rfl #align is_open_fold isOpen_fold variable [TopologicalSpace X] theorem isOpen_iUnion {f : ι → Set X} (h : ∀ i, IsOpen (f i)) : IsOpen (⋃ i, f i) := isOpen_sUnion (forall_mem_range.2 h) #align is_open_Union isOpen_iUnion theorem isOpen_biUnion {s : Set α} {f : α → Set X} (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsOpen (f i)) : IsOpen (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) := isOpen_iUnion fun i => isOpen_iUnion fun hi => h i hi #align is_open_bUnion isOpen_biUnion theorem IsOpen.union (h₁ : IsOpen s₁) (h₂ : IsOpen s₂) : IsOpen (s₁ ∪ s₂) := by rw [union_eq_iUnion]; exact isOpen_iUnion (Bool.forall_bool.2 ⟨h₂, h₁⟩) #align is_open.union IsOpen.union lemma isOpen_iff_of_cover {f : α → Set X} (ho : ∀ i, IsOpen (f i)) (hU : (⋃ i, f i) = univ) : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ i, IsOpen (f i ∩ s) := by refine ⟨fun h i ↦ (ho i).inter h, fun h ↦ ?_⟩ rw [← s.inter_univ, inter_comm, ← hU, iUnion_inter] exact isOpen_iUnion fun i ↦ h i @[simp] theorem isOpen_empty : IsOpen (∅ : Set X) := by rw [← sUnion_empty]; exact isOpen_sUnion fun a => False.elim #align is_open_empty isOpen_empty theorem Set.Finite.isOpen_sInter {s : Set (Set X)} (hs : s.Finite) : (∀ t ∈ s, IsOpen t) → IsOpen (⋂₀ s) := Finite.induction_on hs (fun _ => by rw [sInter_empty]; exact isOpen_univ) fun _ _ ih h => by simp only [sInter_insert, forall_mem_insert] at h ⊢ exact h.1.inter (ih h.2) #align is_open_sInter Set.Finite.isOpen_sInter theorem Set.Finite.isOpen_biInter {s : Set α} {f : α → Set X} (hs : s.Finite) (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsOpen (f i)) : IsOpen (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) := sInter_image f s ▸ (hs.image _).isOpen_sInter (forall_mem_image.2 h) #align is_open_bInter Set.Finite.isOpen_biInter theorem isOpen_iInter_of_finite [Finite ι] {s : ι → Set X} (h : ∀ i, IsOpen (s i)) : IsOpen (⋂ i, s i) := (finite_range _).isOpen_sInter (forall_mem_range.2 h) #align is_open_Inter isOpen_iInter_of_finite theorem isOpen_biInter_finset {s : Finset α} {f : α → Set X} (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsOpen (f i)) : IsOpen (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) := s.finite_toSet.isOpen_biInter h #align is_open_bInter_finset isOpen_biInter_finset @[simp] -- Porting note: added `simp` theorem isOpen_const {p : Prop} : IsOpen { _x : X | p } := by by_cases p <;> simp [*] #align is_open_const isOpen_const theorem IsOpen.and : IsOpen { x | p₁ x } → IsOpen { x | p₂ x } → IsOpen { x | p₁ x ∧ p₂ x } := IsOpen.inter #align is_open.and IsOpen.and @[simp] theorem isOpen_compl_iff : IsOpen sᶜ ↔ IsClosed s := ⟨fun h => ⟨h⟩, fun h => h.isOpen_compl⟩ #align is_open_compl_iff isOpen_compl_iff theorem TopologicalSpace.ext_iff_isClosed {t₁ t₂ : TopologicalSpace X} : t₁ = t₂ ↔ ∀ s, IsClosed[t₁] s ↔ IsClosed[t₂] s := by rw [TopologicalSpace.ext_iff, compl_surjective.forall] simp only [@isOpen_compl_iff _ _ t₁, @isOpen_compl_iff _ _ t₂] alias ⟨_, TopologicalSpace.ext_isClosed⟩ := TopologicalSpace.ext_iff_isClosed -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem isClosed_const {p : Prop} : IsClosed { _x : X | p } := ⟨isOpen_const (p := ¬p)⟩ @[simp] theorem isClosed_empty : IsClosed (∅ : Set X) := isClosed_const #align is_closed_empty isClosed_empty @[simp] theorem isClosed_univ : IsClosed (univ : Set X) := isClosed_const #align is_closed_univ isClosed_univ theorem IsClosed.union : IsClosed s₁ → IsClosed s₂ → IsClosed (s₁ ∪ s₂) := by simpa only [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_union] using IsOpen.inter #align is_closed.union IsClosed.union theorem isClosed_sInter {s : Set (Set X)} : (∀ t ∈ s, IsClosed t) → IsClosed (⋂₀ s) := by simpa only [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_sInter, sUnion_image] using isOpen_biUnion #align is_closed_sInter isClosed_sInter theorem isClosed_iInter {f : ι → Set X} (h : ∀ i, IsClosed (f i)) : IsClosed (⋂ i, f i) := isClosed_sInter <| forall_mem_range.2 h #align is_closed_Inter isClosed_iInter theorem isClosed_biInter {s : Set α} {f : α → Set X} (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsClosed (f i)) : IsClosed (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) := isClosed_iInter fun i => isClosed_iInter <| h i #align is_closed_bInter isClosed_biInter @[simp] theorem isClosed_compl_iff {s : Set X} : IsClosed sᶜ ↔ IsOpen s := by rw [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_compl] #align is_closed_compl_iff isClosed_compl_iff alias ⟨_, IsOpen.isClosed_compl⟩ := isClosed_compl_iff #align is_open.is_closed_compl IsOpen.isClosed_compl theorem IsOpen.sdiff (h₁ : IsOpen s) (h₂ : IsClosed t) : IsOpen (s \ t) := IsOpen.inter h₁ h₂.isOpen_compl #align is_open.sdiff IsOpen.sdiff theorem IsClosed.inter (h₁ : IsClosed s₁) (h₂ : IsClosed s₂) : IsClosed (s₁ ∩ s₂) := by rw [← isOpen_compl_iff] at * rw [compl_inter] exact IsOpen.union h₁ h₂ #align is_closed.inter IsClosed.inter theorem IsClosed.sdiff (h₁ : IsClosed s) (h₂ : IsOpen t) : IsClosed (s \ t) := IsClosed.inter h₁ (isClosed_compl_iff.mpr h₂) #align is_closed.sdiff IsClosed.sdiff theorem Set.Finite.isClosed_biUnion {s : Set α} {f : α → Set X} (hs : s.Finite) (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsClosed (f i)) : IsClosed (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) := by simp only [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_iUnion] at * exact hs.isOpen_biInter h #align is_closed_bUnion Set.Finite.isClosed_biUnion lemma isClosed_biUnion_finset {s : Finset α} {f : α → Set X} (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsClosed (f i)) : IsClosed (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) := s.finite_toSet.isClosed_biUnion h theorem isClosed_iUnion_of_finite [Finite ι] {s : ι → Set X} (h : ∀ i, IsClosed (s i)) : IsClosed (⋃ i, s i) := by simp only [← isOpen_compl_iff, compl_iUnion] at * exact isOpen_iInter_of_finite h #align is_closed_Union isClosed_iUnion_of_finite theorem isClosed_imp {p q : X → Prop} (hp : IsOpen { x | p x }) (hq : IsClosed { x | q x }) : IsClosed { x | p x → q x } := by simpa only [imp_iff_not_or] using hp.isClosed_compl.union hq #align is_closed_imp isClosed_imp theorem IsClosed.not : IsClosed { a | p a } → IsOpen { a | ¬p a } := isOpen_compl_iff.mpr #align is_closed.not IsClosed.not theorem mem_interior : x ∈ interior s ↔ ∃ t ⊆ s, IsOpen t ∧ x ∈ t := by simp only [interior, mem_sUnion, mem_setOf_eq, and_assoc, and_left_comm] #align mem_interior mem_interiorₓ @[simp] theorem isOpen_interior : IsOpen (interior s) := isOpen_sUnion fun _ => And.left #align is_open_interior isOpen_interior theorem interior_subset : interior s ⊆ s := sUnion_subset fun _ => And.right #align interior_subset interior_subset theorem interior_maximal (h₁ : t ⊆ s) (h₂ : IsOpen t) : t ⊆ interior s := subset_sUnion_of_mem ⟨h₂, h₁⟩ #align interior_maximal interior_maximal theorem IsOpen.interior_eq (h : IsOpen s) : interior s = s := interior_subset.antisymm (interior_maximal (Subset.refl s) h) #align is_open.interior_eq IsOpen.interior_eq theorem interior_eq_iff_isOpen : interior s = s ↔ IsOpen s := ⟨fun h => h ▸ isOpen_interior, IsOpen.interior_eq⟩ #align interior_eq_iff_is_open interior_eq_iff_isOpen theorem subset_interior_iff_isOpen : s ⊆ interior s ↔ IsOpen s := by simp only [interior_eq_iff_isOpen.symm, Subset.antisymm_iff, interior_subset, true_and] #align subset_interior_iff_is_open subset_interior_iff_isOpen theorem IsOpen.subset_interior_iff (h₁ : IsOpen s) : s ⊆ interior t ↔ s ⊆ t := ⟨fun h => Subset.trans h interior_subset, fun h₂ => interior_maximal h₂ h₁⟩ #align is_open.subset_interior_iff IsOpen.subset_interior_iff theorem subset_interior_iff : t ⊆ interior s ↔ ∃ U, IsOpen U ∧ t ⊆ U ∧ U ⊆ s := ⟨fun h => ⟨interior s, isOpen_interior, h, interior_subset⟩, fun ⟨_U, hU, htU, hUs⟩ => htU.trans (interior_maximal hUs hU)⟩ #align subset_interior_iff subset_interior_iff lemma interior_subset_iff : interior s ⊆ t ↔ ∀ U, IsOpen U → U ⊆ s → U ⊆ t := by simp [interior] @[mono, gcongr] theorem interior_mono (h : s ⊆ t) : interior s ⊆ interior t := interior_maximal (Subset.trans interior_subset h) isOpen_interior #align interior_mono interior_mono @[simp] theorem interior_empty : interior (∅ : Set X) = ∅ := isOpen_empty.interior_eq #align interior_empty interior_empty @[simp] theorem interior_univ : interior (univ : Set X) = univ := isOpen_univ.interior_eq #align interior_univ interior_univ @[simp] theorem interior_eq_univ : interior s = univ ↔ s = univ := ⟨fun h => univ_subset_iff.mp <| h.symm.trans_le interior_subset, fun h => h.symm ▸ interior_univ⟩ #align interior_eq_univ interior_eq_univ @[simp] theorem interior_interior : interior (interior s) = interior s := isOpen_interior.interior_eq #align interior_interior interior_interior @[simp] theorem interior_inter : interior (s ∩ t) = interior s ∩ interior t := (Monotone.map_inf_le (fun _ _ ↦ interior_mono) s t).antisymm <| interior_maximal (inter_subset_inter interior_subset interior_subset) <| isOpen_interior.inter isOpen_interior #align interior_inter interior_inter theorem Set.Finite.interior_biInter {ι : Type*} {s : Set ι} (hs : s.Finite) (f : ι → Set X) : interior (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) = ⋂ i ∈ s, interior (f i) := hs.induction_on (by simp) <| by intros; simp [*] theorem Set.Finite.interior_sInter {S : Set (Set X)} (hS : S.Finite) : interior (⋂₀ S) = ⋂ s ∈ S, interior s := by rw [sInter_eq_biInter, hS.interior_biInter] @[simp] theorem Finset.interior_iInter {ι : Type*} (s : Finset ι) (f : ι → Set X) : interior (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) = ⋂ i ∈ s, interior (f i) := s.finite_toSet.interior_biInter f #align finset.interior_Inter Finset.interior_iInter @[simp] theorem interior_iInter_of_finite [Finite ι] (f : ι → Set X) : interior (⋂ i, f i) = ⋂ i, interior (f i) := by rw [← sInter_range, (finite_range f).interior_sInter, biInter_range] #align interior_Inter interior_iInter_of_finite theorem interior_union_isClosed_of_interior_empty (h₁ : IsClosed s) (h₂ : interior t = ∅) : interior (s ∪ t) = interior s := have : interior (s ∪ t) ⊆ s := fun x ⟨u, ⟨(hu₁ : IsOpen u), (hu₂ : u ⊆ s ∪ t)⟩, (hx₁ : x ∈ u)⟩ => by_contradiction fun hx₂ : x ∉ s => have : u \ s ⊆ t := fun x ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => Or.resolve_left (hu₂ h₁) h₂ have : u \ s ⊆ interior t := by rwa [(IsOpen.sdiff hu₁ h₁).subset_interior_iff] have : u \ s ⊆ ∅ := by rwa [h₂] at this this ⟨hx₁, hx₂⟩ Subset.antisymm (interior_maximal this isOpen_interior) (interior_mono subset_union_left) #align interior_union_is_closed_of_interior_empty interior_union_isClosed_of_interior_empty theorem isOpen_iff_forall_mem_open : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ IsOpen t ∧ x ∈ t := by rw [← subset_interior_iff_isOpen] simp only [subset_def, mem_interior] #align is_open_iff_forall_mem_open isOpen_iff_forall_mem_open theorem interior_iInter_subset (s : ι → Set X) : interior (⋂ i, s i) ⊆ ⋂ i, interior (s i) := subset_iInter fun _ => interior_mono <| iInter_subset _ _ #align interior_Inter_subset interior_iInter_subset theorem interior_iInter₂_subset (p : ι → Sort*) (s : ∀ i, p i → Set X) : interior (⋂ (i) (j), s i j) ⊆ ⋂ (i) (j), interior (s i j) := (interior_iInter_subset _).trans <| iInter_mono fun _ => interior_iInter_subset _ #align interior_Inter₂_subset interior_iInter₂_subset theorem interior_sInter_subset (S : Set (Set X)) : interior (⋂₀ S) ⊆ ⋂ s ∈ S, interior s := calc interior (⋂₀ S) = interior (⋂ s ∈ S, s) := by rw [sInter_eq_biInter] _ ⊆ ⋂ s ∈ S, interior s := interior_iInter₂_subset _ _ #align interior_sInter_subset interior_sInter_subset theorem Filter.HasBasis.lift'_interior {l : Filter X} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : l.HasBasis p s) : (l.lift' interior).HasBasis p fun i => interior (s i) := h.lift' fun _ _ ↦ interior_mono theorem Filter.lift'_interior_le (l : Filter X) : l.lift' interior ≤ l := fun _s hs ↦ mem_of_superset (mem_lift' hs) interior_subset theorem Filter.HasBasis.lift'_interior_eq_self {l : Filter X} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : l.HasBasis p s) (ho : ∀ i, p i → IsOpen (s i)) : l.lift' interior = l := le_antisymm l.lift'_interior_le <| h.lift'_interior.ge_iff.2 fun i hi ↦ by simpa only [(ho i hi).interior_eq] using h.mem_of_mem hi @[simp] theorem isClosed_closure : IsClosed (closure s) := isClosed_sInter fun _ => And.left #align is_closed_closure isClosed_closure theorem subset_closure : s ⊆ closure s := subset_sInter fun _ => And.right #align subset_closure subset_closure theorem not_mem_of_not_mem_closure {P : X} (hP : P ∉ closure s) : P ∉ s := fun h => hP (subset_closure h) #align not_mem_of_not_mem_closure not_mem_of_not_mem_closure theorem closure_minimal (h₁ : s ⊆ t) (h₂ : IsClosed t) : closure s ⊆ t := sInter_subset_of_mem ⟨h₂, h₁⟩ #align closure_minimal closure_minimal theorem Disjoint.closure_left (hd : Disjoint s t) (ht : IsOpen t) : Disjoint (closure s) t := disjoint_compl_left.mono_left <| closure_minimal hd.subset_compl_right ht.isClosed_compl #align disjoint.closure_left Disjoint.closure_left theorem Disjoint.closure_right (hd : Disjoint s t) (hs : IsOpen s) : Disjoint s (closure t) := (hd.symm.closure_left hs).symm #align disjoint.closure_right Disjoint.closure_right theorem IsClosed.closure_eq (h : IsClosed s) : closure s = s := Subset.antisymm (closure_minimal (Subset.refl s) h) subset_closure #align is_closed.closure_eq IsClosed.closure_eq theorem IsClosed.closure_subset (hs : IsClosed s) : closure s ⊆ s := closure_minimal (Subset.refl _) hs #align is_closed.closure_subset IsClosed.closure_subset theorem IsClosed.closure_subset_iff (h₁ : IsClosed t) : closure s ⊆ t ↔ s ⊆ t := ⟨Subset.trans subset_closure, fun h => closure_minimal h h₁⟩ #align is_closed.closure_subset_iff IsClosed.closure_subset_iff theorem IsClosed.mem_iff_closure_subset (hs : IsClosed s) : x ∈ s ↔ closure ({x} : Set X) ⊆ s := (hs.closure_subset_iff.trans Set.singleton_subset_iff).symm #align is_closed.mem_iff_closure_subset IsClosed.mem_iff_closure_subset @[mono, gcongr] theorem closure_mono (h : s ⊆ t) : closure s ⊆ closure t := closure_minimal (Subset.trans h subset_closure) isClosed_closure #align closure_mono closure_mono theorem monotone_closure (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : Monotone (@closure X _) := fun _ _ => closure_mono #align monotone_closure monotone_closure theorem diff_subset_closure_iff : s \ t ⊆ closure t ↔ s ⊆ closure t := by rw [diff_subset_iff, union_eq_self_of_subset_left subset_closure] #align diff_subset_closure_iff diff_subset_closure_iff theorem closure_inter_subset_inter_closure (s t : Set X) : closure (s ∩ t) ⊆ closure s ∩ closure t := (monotone_closure X).map_inf_le s t #align closure_inter_subset_inter_closure closure_inter_subset_inter_closure theorem isClosed_of_closure_subset (h : closure s ⊆ s) : IsClosed s := by rw [subset_closure.antisymm h]; exact isClosed_closure #align is_closed_of_closure_subset isClosed_of_closure_subset theorem closure_eq_iff_isClosed : closure s = s ↔ IsClosed s := ⟨fun h => h ▸ isClosed_closure, IsClosed.closure_eq⟩ #align closure_eq_iff_is_closed closure_eq_iff_isClosed theorem closure_subset_iff_isClosed : closure s ⊆ s ↔ IsClosed s := ⟨isClosed_of_closure_subset, IsClosed.closure_subset⟩ #align closure_subset_iff_is_closed closure_subset_iff_isClosed @[simp] theorem closure_empty : closure (∅ : Set X) = ∅ := isClosed_empty.closure_eq #align closure_empty closure_empty @[simp] theorem closure_empty_iff (s : Set X) : closure s = ∅ ↔ s = ∅ := ⟨subset_eq_empty subset_closure, fun h => h.symm ▸ closure_empty⟩ #align closure_empty_iff closure_empty_iff @[simp] theorem closure_nonempty_iff : (closure s).Nonempty ↔ s.Nonempty := by simp only [nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, closure_empty_iff] #align closure_nonempty_iff closure_nonempty_iff alias ⟨Set.Nonempty.of_closure, Set.Nonempty.closure⟩ := closure_nonempty_iff #align set.nonempty.of_closure Set.Nonempty.of_closure #align set.nonempty.closure Set.Nonempty.closure @[simp] theorem closure_univ : closure (univ : Set X) = univ := isClosed_univ.closure_eq #align closure_univ closure_univ @[simp] theorem closure_closure : closure (closure s) = closure s := isClosed_closure.closure_eq #align closure_closure closure_closure theorem closure_eq_compl_interior_compl : closure s = (interior sᶜ)ᶜ := by rw [interior, closure, compl_sUnion, compl_image_set_of] simp only [compl_subset_compl, isOpen_compl_iff] #align closure_eq_compl_interior_compl closure_eq_compl_interior_compl @[simp] theorem closure_union : closure (s ∪ t) = closure s ∪ closure t := by simp [closure_eq_compl_interior_compl, compl_inter] #align closure_union closure_union theorem Set.Finite.closure_biUnion {ι : Type*} {s : Set ι} (hs : s.Finite) (f : ι → Set X) : closure (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) = ⋃ i ∈ s, closure (f i) := by simp [closure_eq_compl_interior_compl, hs.interior_biInter] theorem Set.Finite.closure_sUnion {S : Set (Set X)} (hS : S.Finite) : closure (⋃₀ S) = ⋃ s ∈ S, closure s := by rw [sUnion_eq_biUnion, hS.closure_biUnion] @[simp] theorem Finset.closure_biUnion {ι : Type*} (s : Finset ι) (f : ι → Set X) : closure (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) = ⋃ i ∈ s, closure (f i) := s.finite_toSet.closure_biUnion f #align finset.closure_bUnion Finset.closure_biUnion @[simp] theorem closure_iUnion_of_finite [Finite ι] (f : ι → Set X) : closure (⋃ i, f i) = ⋃ i, closure (f i) := by rw [← sUnion_range, (finite_range _).closure_sUnion, biUnion_range] #align closure_Union closure_iUnion_of_finite theorem interior_subset_closure : interior s ⊆ closure s := Subset.trans interior_subset subset_closure #align interior_subset_closure interior_subset_closure @[simp] theorem interior_compl : interior sᶜ = (closure s)ᶜ := by simp [closure_eq_compl_interior_compl] #align interior_compl interior_compl @[simp] theorem closure_compl : closure sᶜ = (interior s)ᶜ := by simp [closure_eq_compl_interior_compl] #align closure_compl closure_compl theorem mem_closure_iff : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∀ o, IsOpen o → x ∈ o → (o ∩ s).Nonempty := ⟨fun h o oo ao => by_contradiction fun os => have : s ⊆ oᶜ := fun x xs xo => os ⟨x, xo, xs⟩ closure_minimal this (isClosed_compl_iff.2 oo) h ao, fun H _ ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => by_contradiction fun nc => let ⟨_, hc, hs⟩ := H _ h₁.isOpen_compl nc hc (h₂ hs)⟩ #align mem_closure_iff mem_closure_iff theorem closure_inter_open_nonempty_iff (h : IsOpen t) : (closure s ∩ t).Nonempty ↔ (s ∩ t).Nonempty := ⟨fun ⟨_x, hxcs, hxt⟩ => inter_comm t s ▸ mem_closure_iff.1 hxcs t h hxt, fun h => h.mono <| inf_le_inf_right t subset_closure⟩ #align closure_inter_open_nonempty_iff closure_inter_open_nonempty_iff theorem Filter.le_lift'_closure (l : Filter X) : l ≤ l.lift' closure := le_lift'.2 fun _ h => mem_of_superset h subset_closure #align filter.le_lift'_closure Filter.le_lift'_closure theorem Filter.HasBasis.lift'_closure {l : Filter X} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : l.HasBasis p s) : (l.lift' closure).HasBasis p fun i => closure (s i) := h.lift' (monotone_closure X) #align filter.has_basis.lift'_closure Filter.HasBasis.lift'_closure theorem Filter.HasBasis.lift'_closure_eq_self {l : Filter X} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : l.HasBasis p s) (hc : ∀ i, p i → IsClosed (s i)) : l.lift' closure = l := le_antisymm (h.ge_iff.2 fun i hi => (hc i hi).closure_eq ▸ mem_lift' (h.mem_of_mem hi)) l.le_lift'_closure #align filter.has_basis.lift'_closure_eq_self Filter.HasBasis.lift'_closure_eq_self @[simp] theorem Filter.lift'_closure_eq_bot {l : Filter X} : l.lift' closure = ⊥ ↔ l = ⊥ := ⟨fun h => bot_unique <| h ▸ l.le_lift'_closure, fun h => h.symm ▸ by rw [lift'_bot (monotone_closure _), closure_empty, principal_empty]⟩ #align filter.lift'_closure_eq_bot Filter.lift'_closure_eq_bot theorem dense_iff_closure_eq : Dense s ↔ closure s = univ := eq_univ_iff_forall.symm #align dense_iff_closure_eq dense_iff_closure_eq alias ⟨Dense.closure_eq, _⟩ := dense_iff_closure_eq #align dense.closure_eq Dense.closure_eq theorem interior_eq_empty_iff_dense_compl : interior s = ∅ ↔ Dense sᶜ := by rw [dense_iff_closure_eq, closure_compl, compl_univ_iff] #align interior_eq_empty_iff_dense_compl interior_eq_empty_iff_dense_compl theorem Dense.interior_compl (h : Dense s) : interior sᶜ = ∅ := interior_eq_empty_iff_dense_compl.2 <| by rwa [compl_compl] #align dense.interior_compl Dense.interior_compl @[simp] theorem dense_closure : Dense (closure s) ↔ Dense s := by rw [Dense, Dense, closure_closure] #align dense_closure dense_closure protected alias ⟨_, Dense.closure⟩ := dense_closure alias ⟨Dense.of_closure, _⟩ := dense_closure #align dense.of_closure Dense.of_closure #align dense.closure Dense.closure @[simp] theorem dense_univ : Dense (univ : Set X) := fun _ => subset_closure trivial #align dense_univ dense_univ theorem dense_iff_inter_open : Dense s ↔ ∀ U, IsOpen U → U.Nonempty → (U ∩ s).Nonempty := by constructor <;> intro h · rintro U U_op ⟨x, x_in⟩ exact mem_closure_iff.1 (h _) U U_op x_in · intro x rw [mem_closure_iff] intro U U_op x_in exact h U U_op ⟨_, x_in⟩ #align dense_iff_inter_open dense_iff_inter_open alias ⟨Dense.inter_open_nonempty, _⟩ := dense_iff_inter_open #align dense.inter_open_nonempty Dense.inter_open_nonempty theorem Dense.exists_mem_open (hs : Dense s) {U : Set X} (ho : IsOpen U) (hne : U.Nonempty) : ∃ x ∈ s, x ∈ U := let ⟨x, hx⟩ := hs.inter_open_nonempty U ho hne ⟨x, hx.2, hx.1⟩ #align dense.exists_mem_open Dense.exists_mem_open theorem Dense.nonempty_iff (hs : Dense s) : s.Nonempty ↔ Nonempty X := ⟨fun ⟨x, _⟩ => ⟨x⟩, fun ⟨x⟩ => let ⟨y, hy⟩ := hs.inter_open_nonempty _ isOpen_univ ⟨x, trivial⟩ ⟨y, hy.2⟩⟩ #align dense.nonempty_iff Dense.nonempty_iff theorem Dense.nonempty [h : Nonempty X] (hs : Dense s) : s.Nonempty := hs.nonempty_iff.2 h #align dense.nonempty Dense.nonempty @[mono] theorem Dense.mono (h : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (hd : Dense s₁) : Dense s₂ := fun x => closure_mono h (hd x) #align dense.mono Dense.mono theorem dense_compl_singleton_iff_not_open : Dense ({x}ᶜ : Set X) ↔ ¬IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := by constructor · intro hd ho exact (hd.inter_open_nonempty _ ho (singleton_nonempty _)).ne_empty (inter_compl_self _) · refine fun ho => dense_iff_inter_open.2 fun U hU hne => inter_compl_nonempty_iff.2 fun hUx => ?_ obtain rfl : U = {x} := eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_unique_mem.2 ⟨hne, hUx⟩ exact ho hU #align dense_compl_singleton_iff_not_open dense_compl_singleton_iff_not_open @[simp] theorem closure_diff_interior (s : Set X) : closure s \ interior s = frontier s := rfl #align closure_diff_interior closure_diff_interior lemma disjoint_interior_frontier : Disjoint (interior s) (frontier s) := by rw [disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty, ← closure_diff_interior, diff_eq, ← inter_assoc, inter_comm, ← inter_assoc, compl_inter_self, empty_inter] @[simp] theorem closure_diff_frontier (s : Set X) : closure s \ frontier s = interior s := by rw [frontier, diff_diff_right_self, inter_eq_self_of_subset_right interior_subset_closure] #align closure_diff_frontier closure_diff_frontier @[simp] theorem self_diff_frontier (s : Set X) : s \ frontier s = interior s := by rw [frontier, diff_diff_right, diff_eq_empty.2 subset_closure, inter_eq_self_of_subset_right interior_subset, empty_union] #align self_diff_frontier self_diff_frontier theorem frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure : frontier s = closure s ∩ closure sᶜ := by rw [closure_compl, frontier, diff_eq] #align frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure theorem frontier_subset_closure : frontier s ⊆ closure s := diff_subset #align frontier_subset_closure frontier_subset_closure theorem IsClosed.frontier_subset (hs : IsClosed s) : frontier s ⊆ s := frontier_subset_closure.trans hs.closure_eq.subset #align is_closed.frontier_subset IsClosed.frontier_subset theorem frontier_closure_subset : frontier (closure s) ⊆ frontier s := diff_subset_diff closure_closure.subset <| interior_mono subset_closure #align frontier_closure_subset frontier_closure_subset theorem frontier_interior_subset : frontier (interior s) ⊆ frontier s := diff_subset_diff (closure_mono interior_subset) interior_interior.symm.subset #align frontier_interior_subset frontier_interior_subset @[simp] theorem frontier_compl (s : Set X) : frontier sᶜ = frontier s := by simp only [frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure, compl_compl, inter_comm] #align frontier_compl frontier_compl @[simp] theorem frontier_univ : frontier (univ : Set X) = ∅ := by simp [frontier] #align frontier_univ frontier_univ @[simp] theorem frontier_empty : frontier (∅ : Set X) = ∅ := by simp [frontier] #align frontier_empty frontier_empty theorem frontier_inter_subset (s t : Set X) : frontier (s ∩ t) ⊆ frontier s ∩ closure t ∪ closure s ∩ frontier t := by simp only [frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure, compl_inter, closure_union] refine (inter_subset_inter_left _ (closure_inter_subset_inter_closure s t)).trans_eq ?_ simp only [inter_union_distrib_left, union_inter_distrib_right, inter_assoc, inter_comm (closure t)] #align frontier_inter_subset frontier_inter_subset theorem frontier_union_subset (s t : Set X) : frontier (s ∪ t) ⊆ frontier s ∩ closure tᶜ ∪ closure sᶜ ∩ frontier t := by simpa only [frontier_compl, ← compl_union] using frontier_inter_subset sᶜ tᶜ #align frontier_union_subset frontier_union_subset theorem IsClosed.frontier_eq (hs : IsClosed s) : frontier s = s \ interior s := by rw [frontier, hs.closure_eq] #align is_closed.frontier_eq IsClosed.frontier_eq theorem IsOpen.frontier_eq (hs : IsOpen s) : frontier s = closure s \ s := by rw [frontier, hs.interior_eq] #align is_open.frontier_eq IsOpen.frontier_eq theorem IsOpen.inter_frontier_eq (hs : IsOpen s) : s ∩ frontier s = ∅ := by rw [hs.frontier_eq, inter_diff_self] #align is_open.inter_frontier_eq IsOpen.inter_frontier_eq theorem isClosed_frontier : IsClosed (frontier s) := by rw [frontier_eq_closure_inter_closure]; exact IsClosed.inter isClosed_closure isClosed_closure #align is_closed_frontier isClosed_frontier theorem interior_frontier (h : IsClosed s) : interior (frontier s) = ∅ := by have A : frontier s = s \ interior s := h.frontier_eq have B : interior (frontier s) ⊆ interior s := by rw [A]; exact interior_mono diff_subset have C : interior (frontier s) ⊆ frontier s := interior_subset have : interior (frontier s) ⊆ interior s ∩ (s \ interior s) := subset_inter B (by simpa [A] using C) rwa [inter_diff_self, subset_empty_iff] at this #align interior_frontier interior_frontier theorem closure_eq_interior_union_frontier (s : Set X) : closure s = interior s ∪ frontier s := (union_diff_cancel interior_subset_closure).symm #align closure_eq_interior_union_frontier closure_eq_interior_union_frontier theorem closure_eq_self_union_frontier (s : Set X) : closure s = s ∪ frontier s := (union_diff_cancel' interior_subset subset_closure).symm #align closure_eq_self_union_frontier closure_eq_self_union_frontier theorem Disjoint.frontier_left (ht : IsOpen t) (hd : Disjoint s t) : Disjoint (frontier s) t := subset_compl_iff_disjoint_right.1 <| frontier_subset_closure.trans <| closure_minimal (disjoint_left.1 hd) <| isClosed_compl_iff.2 ht #align disjoint.frontier_left Disjoint.frontier_left theorem Disjoint.frontier_right (hs : IsOpen s) (hd : Disjoint s t) : Disjoint s (frontier t) := (hd.symm.frontier_left hs).symm #align disjoint.frontier_right Disjoint.frontier_right theorem frontier_eq_inter_compl_interior : frontier s = (interior s)ᶜ ∩ (interior sᶜ)ᶜ := by rw [← frontier_compl, ← closure_compl, ← diff_eq, closure_diff_interior] #align frontier_eq_inter_compl_interior frontier_eq_inter_compl_interior theorem compl_frontier_eq_union_interior : (frontier s)ᶜ = interior s ∪ interior sᶜ := by rw [frontier_eq_inter_compl_interior] simp only [compl_inter, compl_compl] #align compl_frontier_eq_union_interior compl_frontier_eq_union_interior theorem nhds_def' (x : X) : 𝓝 x = ⨅ (s : Set X) (_ : IsOpen s) (_ : x ∈ s), 𝓟 s := by simp only [nhds_def, mem_setOf_eq, @and_comm (x ∈ _), iInf_and] #align nhds_def' nhds_def' theorem nhds_basis_opens (x : X) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X => x ∈ s ∧ IsOpen s) fun s => s := by rw [nhds_def] exact hasBasis_biInf_principal (fun s ⟨has, hs⟩ t ⟨hat, ht⟩ => ⟨s ∩ t, ⟨⟨has, hat⟩, IsOpen.inter hs ht⟩, ⟨inter_subset_left, inter_subset_right⟩⟩) ⟨univ, ⟨mem_univ x, isOpen_univ⟩⟩ #align nhds_basis_opens nhds_basis_opens theorem nhds_basis_closeds (x : X) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X => x ∉ s ∧ IsClosed s) compl := ⟨fun t => (nhds_basis_opens x).mem_iff.trans <| compl_surjective.exists.trans <| by simp only [isOpen_compl_iff, mem_compl_iff]⟩ #align nhds_basis_closeds nhds_basis_closeds @[simp] theorem lift'_nhds_interior (x : X) : (𝓝 x).lift' interior = 𝓝 x := (nhds_basis_opens x).lift'_interior_eq_self fun _ ↦ And.right theorem Filter.HasBasis.nhds_interior {x : X} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p s) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p (interior <| s ·) := lift'_nhds_interior x ▸ h.lift'_interior theorem le_nhds_iff {f} : f ≤ 𝓝 x ↔ ∀ s : Set X, x ∈ s → IsOpen s → s ∈ f := by simp [nhds_def] #align le_nhds_iff le_nhds_iff theorem nhds_le_of_le {f} (h : x ∈ s) (o : IsOpen s) (sf : 𝓟 s ≤ f) : 𝓝 x ≤ f := by rw [nhds_def]; exact iInf₂_le_of_le s ⟨h, o⟩ sf #align nhds_le_of_le nhds_le_of_le theorem mem_nhds_iff : s ∈ 𝓝 x ↔ ∃ t ⊆ s, IsOpen t ∧ x ∈ t := (nhds_basis_opens x).mem_iff.trans <| exists_congr fun _ => ⟨fun h => ⟨h.2, h.1.2, h.1.1⟩, fun h => ⟨⟨h.2.2, h.2.1⟩, h.1⟩⟩ #align mem_nhds_iff mem_nhds_iffₓ theorem eventually_nhds_iff {p : X → Prop} : (∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, p x) ↔ ∃ t : Set X, (∀ x ∈ t, p x) ∧ IsOpen t ∧ x ∈ t := mem_nhds_iff.trans <| by simp only [subset_def, exists_prop, mem_setOf_eq] #align eventually_nhds_iff eventually_nhds_iff theorem mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds : x ∈ interior s ↔ s ∈ 𝓝 x := mem_interior.trans mem_nhds_iff.symm #align mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds theorem map_nhds {f : X → α} : map f (𝓝 x) = ⨅ s ∈ { s : Set X | x ∈ s ∧ IsOpen s }, 𝓟 (f '' s) := ((nhds_basis_opens x).map f).eq_biInf #align map_nhds map_nhds theorem mem_of_mem_nhds : s ∈ 𝓝 x → x ∈ s := fun H => let ⟨_t, ht, _, hs⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.1 H; ht hs #align mem_of_mem_nhds mem_of_mem_nhds theorem Filter.Eventually.self_of_nhds {p : X → Prop} (h : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, p y) : p x := mem_of_mem_nhds h #align filter.eventually.self_of_nhds Filter.Eventually.self_of_nhds theorem IsOpen.mem_nhds (hs : IsOpen s) (hx : x ∈ s) : s ∈ 𝓝 x := mem_nhds_iff.2 ⟨s, Subset.refl _, hs, hx⟩ #align is_open.mem_nhds IsOpen.mem_nhds protected theorem IsOpen.mem_nhds_iff (hs : IsOpen s) : s ∈ 𝓝 x ↔ x ∈ s := ⟨mem_of_mem_nhds, fun hx => mem_nhds_iff.2 ⟨s, Subset.rfl, hs, hx⟩⟩ #align is_open.mem_nhds_iff IsOpen.mem_nhds_iff theorem IsClosed.compl_mem_nhds (hs : IsClosed s) (hx : x ∉ s) : sᶜ ∈ 𝓝 x := hs.isOpen_compl.mem_nhds (mem_compl hx) #align is_closed.compl_mem_nhds IsClosed.compl_mem_nhds theorem IsOpen.eventually_mem (hs : IsOpen s) (hx : x ∈ s) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, x ∈ s := IsOpen.mem_nhds hs hx #align is_open.eventually_mem IsOpen.eventually_mem theorem nhds_basis_opens' (x : X) : (𝓝 x).HasBasis (fun s : Set X => s ∈ 𝓝 x ∧ IsOpen s) fun x => x := by convert nhds_basis_opens x using 2 exact and_congr_left_iff.2 IsOpen.mem_nhds_iff #align nhds_basis_opens' nhds_basis_opens' theorem exists_open_set_nhds {U : Set X} (h : ∀ x ∈ s, U ∈ 𝓝 x) : ∃ V : Set X, s ⊆ V ∧ IsOpen V ∧ V ⊆ U := ⟨interior U, fun x hx => mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds.2 <| h x hx, isOpen_interior, interior_subset⟩ #align exists_open_set_nhds exists_open_set_nhds theorem exists_open_set_nhds' {U : Set X} (h : U ∈ ⨆ x ∈ s, 𝓝 x) : ∃ V : Set X, s ⊆ V ∧ IsOpen V ∧ V ⊆ U := exists_open_set_nhds (by simpa using h) #align exists_open_set_nhds' exists_open_set_nhds' theorem Filter.Eventually.eventually_nhds {p : X → Prop} (h : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, p y) : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 y, p x := let ⟨t, htp, hto, ha⟩ := eventually_nhds_iff.1 h eventually_nhds_iff.2 ⟨t, fun _x hx => eventually_nhds_iff.2 ⟨t, htp, hto, hx⟩, hto, ha⟩ #align filter.eventually.eventually_nhds Filter.Eventually.eventually_nhds @[simp] theorem eventually_eventually_nhds {p : X → Prop} : (∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 y, p x) ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, p x := ⟨fun h => h.self_of_nhds, fun h => h.eventually_nhds⟩ #align eventually_eventually_nhds eventually_eventually_nhds @[simp] theorem frequently_frequently_nhds {p : X → Prop} : (∃ᶠ x' in 𝓝 x, ∃ᶠ x'' in 𝓝 x', p x'') ↔ ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, p x := by rw [← not_iff_not] simp only [not_frequently, eventually_eventually_nhds] #align frequently_frequently_nhds frequently_frequently_nhds @[simp] theorem eventually_mem_nhds : (∀ᶠ x' in 𝓝 x, s ∈ 𝓝 x') ↔ s ∈ 𝓝 x := eventually_eventually_nhds #align eventually_mem_nhds eventually_mem_nhds @[simp] theorem nhds_bind_nhds : (𝓝 x).bind 𝓝 = 𝓝 x := Filter.ext fun _ => eventually_eventually_nhds #align nhds_bind_nhds nhds_bind_nhds @[simp] theorem eventually_eventuallyEq_nhds {f g : X → α} : (∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, f =ᶠ[𝓝 y] g) ↔ f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] g := eventually_eventually_nhds #align eventually_eventually_eq_nhds eventually_eventuallyEq_nhds theorem Filter.EventuallyEq.eq_of_nhds {f g : X → α} (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] g) : f x = g x := h.self_of_nhds #align filter.eventually_eq.eq_of_nhds Filter.EventuallyEq.eq_of_nhds @[simp] theorem eventually_eventuallyLE_nhds [LE α] {f g : X → α} : (∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, f ≤ᶠ[𝓝 y] g) ↔ f ≤ᶠ[𝓝 x] g := eventually_eventually_nhds #align eventually_eventually_le_nhds eventually_eventuallyLE_nhds theorem Filter.EventuallyEq.eventuallyEq_nhds {f g : X → α} (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] g) : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, f =ᶠ[𝓝 y] g := h.eventually_nhds #align filter.eventually_eq.eventually_eq_nhds Filter.EventuallyEq.eventuallyEq_nhds theorem Filter.EventuallyLE.eventuallyLE_nhds [LE α] {f g : X → α} (h : f ≤ᶠ[𝓝 x] g) : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, f ≤ᶠ[𝓝 y] g := h.eventually_nhds #align filter.eventually_le.eventually_le_nhds Filter.EventuallyLE.eventuallyLE_nhds theorem all_mem_nhds (x : X) (P : Set X → Prop) (hP : ∀ s t, s ⊆ t → P s → P t) : (∀ s ∈ 𝓝 x, P s) ↔ ∀ s, IsOpen s → x ∈ s → P s := ((nhds_basis_opens x).forall_iff hP).trans <| by simp only [@and_comm (x ∈ _), and_imp] #align all_mem_nhds all_mem_nhds theorem all_mem_nhds_filter (x : X) (f : Set X → Set α) (hf : ∀ s t, s ⊆ t → f s ⊆ f t) (l : Filter α) : (∀ s ∈ 𝓝 x, f s ∈ l) ↔ ∀ s, IsOpen s → x ∈ s → f s ∈ l := all_mem_nhds _ _ fun s t ssubt h => mem_of_superset h (hf s t ssubt) #align all_mem_nhds_filter all_mem_nhds_filter theorem tendsto_nhds {f : α → X} {l : Filter α} : Tendsto f l (𝓝 x) ↔ ∀ s, IsOpen s → x ∈ s → f ⁻¹' s ∈ l := all_mem_nhds_filter _ _ (fun _ _ h => preimage_mono h) _ #align tendsto_nhds tendsto_nhds theorem tendsto_atTop_nhds [Nonempty α] [SemilatticeSup α] {f : α → X} : Tendsto f atTop (𝓝 x) ↔ ∀ U : Set X, x ∈ U → IsOpen U → ∃ N, ∀ n, N ≤ n → f n ∈ U := (atTop_basis.tendsto_iff (nhds_basis_opens x)).trans <| by simp only [and_imp, exists_prop, true_and_iff, mem_Ici, ge_iff_le] #align tendsto_at_top_nhds tendsto_atTop_nhds theorem tendsto_const_nhds {f : Filter α} : Tendsto (fun _ : α => x) f (𝓝 x) := tendsto_nhds.mpr fun _ _ ha => univ_mem' fun _ => ha #align tendsto_const_nhds tendsto_const_nhds theorem tendsto_atTop_of_eventually_const {ι : Type*} [SemilatticeSup ι] [Nonempty ι] {u : ι → X} {i₀ : ι} (h : ∀ i ≥ i₀, u i = x) : Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 x) := Tendsto.congr' (EventuallyEq.symm (eventually_atTop.mpr ⟨i₀, h⟩)) tendsto_const_nhds #align tendsto_at_top_of_eventually_const tendsto_atTop_of_eventually_const theorem tendsto_atBot_of_eventually_const {ι : Type*} [SemilatticeInf ι] [Nonempty ι] {u : ι → X} {i₀ : ι} (h : ∀ i ≤ i₀, u i = x) : Tendsto u atBot (𝓝 x) := Tendsto.congr' (EventuallyEq.symm (eventually_atBot.mpr ⟨i₀, h⟩)) tendsto_const_nhds #align tendsto_at_bot_of_eventually_const tendsto_atBot_of_eventually_const theorem pure_le_nhds : pure ≤ (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := fun _ _ hs => mem_pure.2 <| mem_of_mem_nhds hs #align pure_le_nhds pure_le_nhds theorem tendsto_pure_nhds (f : α → X) (a : α) : Tendsto f (pure a) (𝓝 (f a)) := (tendsto_pure_pure f a).mono_right (pure_le_nhds _) #align tendsto_pure_nhds tendsto_pure_nhds theorem OrderTop.tendsto_atTop_nhds [PartialOrder α] [OrderTop α] (f : α → X) : Tendsto f atTop (𝓝 (f ⊤)) := (tendsto_atTop_pure f).mono_right (pure_le_nhds _) #align order_top.tendsto_at_top_nhds OrderTop.tendsto_atTop_nhds @[simp] instance nhds_neBot : NeBot (𝓝 x) := neBot_of_le (pure_le_nhds x) #align nhds_ne_bot nhds_neBot theorem tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_eq {l : Filter α} {f : α → X} (h : ∀ᶠ x' in l, f x' = x) : Tendsto f l (𝓝 x) := tendsto_const_nhds.congr' (.symm h) theorem Filter.EventuallyEq.tendsto {l : Filter α} {f : α → X} (hf : f =ᶠ[l] fun _ ↦ x) : Tendsto f l (𝓝 x) := tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_eq hf theorem ClusterPt.neBot {F : Filter X} (h : ClusterPt x F) : NeBot (𝓝 x ⊓ F) := h #align cluster_pt.ne_bot ClusterPt.neBot theorem Filter.HasBasis.clusterPt_iff {ιX ιF} {pX : ιX → Prop} {sX : ιX → Set X} {pF : ιF → Prop} {sF : ιF → Set X} {F : Filter X} (hX : (𝓝 x).HasBasis pX sX) (hF : F.HasBasis pF sF) : ClusterPt x F ↔ ∀ ⦃i⦄, pX i → ∀ ⦃j⦄, pF j → (sX i ∩ sF j).Nonempty := hX.inf_basis_neBot_iff hF #align filter.has_basis.cluster_pt_iff Filter.HasBasis.clusterPt_iff theorem clusterPt_iff {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x F ↔ ∀ ⦃U : Set X⦄, U ∈ 𝓝 x → ∀ ⦃V⦄, V ∈ F → (U ∩ V).Nonempty := inf_neBot_iff #align cluster_pt_iff clusterPt_iff theorem clusterPt_iff_not_disjoint {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x F ↔ ¬Disjoint (𝓝 x) F := by rw [disjoint_iff, ClusterPt, neBot_iff] theorem clusterPt_principal_iff : ClusterPt x (𝓟 s) ↔ ∀ U ∈ 𝓝 x, (U ∩ s).Nonempty := inf_principal_neBot_iff #align cluster_pt_principal_iff clusterPt_principal_iff theorem clusterPt_principal_iff_frequently : ClusterPt x (𝓟 s) ↔ ∃ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, y ∈ s := by simp only [clusterPt_principal_iff, frequently_iff, Set.Nonempty, exists_prop, mem_inter_iff] #align cluster_pt_principal_iff_frequently clusterPt_principal_iff_frequently theorem ClusterPt.of_le_nhds {f : Filter X} (H : f ≤ 𝓝 x) [NeBot f] : ClusterPt x f := by rwa [ClusterPt, inf_eq_right.mpr H] #align cluster_pt.of_le_nhds ClusterPt.of_le_nhds theorem ClusterPt.of_le_nhds' {f : Filter X} (H : f ≤ 𝓝 x) (_hf : NeBot f) : ClusterPt x f := ClusterPt.of_le_nhds H #align cluster_pt.of_le_nhds' ClusterPt.of_le_nhds' theorem ClusterPt.of_nhds_le {f : Filter X} (H : 𝓝 x ≤ f) : ClusterPt x f := by simp only [ClusterPt, inf_eq_left.mpr H, nhds_neBot] #align cluster_pt.of_nhds_le ClusterPt.of_nhds_le theorem ClusterPt.mono {f g : Filter X} (H : ClusterPt x f) (h : f ≤ g) : ClusterPt x g := NeBot.mono H <| inf_le_inf_left _ h #align cluster_pt.mono ClusterPt.mono theorem ClusterPt.of_inf_left {f g : Filter X} (H : ClusterPt x <| f ⊓ g) : ClusterPt x f := H.mono inf_le_left #align cluster_pt.of_inf_left ClusterPt.of_inf_left theorem ClusterPt.of_inf_right {f g : Filter X} (H : ClusterPt x <| f ⊓ g) : ClusterPt x g := H.mono inf_le_right #align cluster_pt.of_inf_right ClusterPt.of_inf_right theorem Ultrafilter.clusterPt_iff {f : Ultrafilter X} : ClusterPt x f ↔ ↑f ≤ 𝓝 x := ⟨f.le_of_inf_neBot', fun h => ClusterPt.of_le_nhds h⟩ #align ultrafilter.cluster_pt_iff Ultrafilter.clusterPt_iff theorem clusterPt_iff_ultrafilter {f : Filter X} : ClusterPt x f ↔ ∃ u : Ultrafilter X, u ≤ f ∧ u ≤ 𝓝 x := by simp_rw [ClusterPt, ← le_inf_iff, exists_ultrafilter_iff, inf_comm] theorem mapClusterPt_def {ι : Type*} (x : X) (F : Filter ι) (u : ι → X) : MapClusterPt x F u ↔ ClusterPt x (map u F) := Iff.rfl theorem mapClusterPt_iff {ι : Type*} (x : X) (F : Filter ι) (u : ι → X) : MapClusterPt x F u ↔ ∀ s ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ᶠ a in F, u a ∈ s := by simp_rw [MapClusterPt, ClusterPt, inf_neBot_iff_frequently_left, frequently_map] rfl #align map_cluster_pt_iff mapClusterPt_iff theorem mapClusterPt_iff_ultrafilter {ι : Type*} (x : X) (F : Filter ι) (u : ι → X) : MapClusterPt x F u ↔ ∃ U : Ultrafilter ι, U ≤ F ∧ Tendsto u U (𝓝 x) := by simp_rw [MapClusterPt, ClusterPt, ← Filter.push_pull', map_neBot_iff, tendsto_iff_comap, ← le_inf_iff, exists_ultrafilter_iff, inf_comm] theorem mapClusterPt_comp {X α β : Type*} {x : X} [TopologicalSpace X] {F : Filter α} {φ : α → β} {u : β → X} : MapClusterPt x F (u ∘ φ) ↔ MapClusterPt x (map φ F) u := Iff.rfl theorem mapClusterPt_of_comp {F : Filter α} {φ : β → α} {p : Filter β} {u : α → X} [NeBot p] (h : Tendsto φ p F) (H : Tendsto (u ∘ φ) p (𝓝 x)) : MapClusterPt x F u := by have := calc map (u ∘ φ) p = map u (map φ p) := map_map _ ≤ map u F := map_mono h have : map (u ∘ φ) p ≤ 𝓝 x ⊓ map u F := le_inf H this exact neBot_of_le this #align map_cluster_pt_of_comp mapClusterPt_of_comp theorem acc_iff_cluster (x : X) (F : Filter X) : AccPt x F ↔ ClusterPt x (𝓟 {x}ᶜ ⊓ F) := by rw [AccPt, nhdsWithin, ClusterPt, inf_assoc] #align acc_iff_cluster acc_iff_cluster theorem acc_principal_iff_cluster (x : X) (C : Set X) : AccPt x (𝓟 C) ↔ ClusterPt x (𝓟 (C \ {x})) := by rw [acc_iff_cluster, inf_principal, inter_comm, diff_eq] #align acc_principal_iff_cluster acc_principal_iff_cluster theorem accPt_iff_nhds (x : X) (C : Set X) : AccPt x (𝓟 C) ↔ ∀ U ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ y ∈ U ∩ C, y ≠ x := by simp [acc_principal_iff_cluster, clusterPt_principal_iff, Set.Nonempty, exists_prop, and_assoc, @and_comm (¬_ = x)] #align acc_pt_iff_nhds accPt_iff_nhds theorem accPt_iff_frequently (x : X) (C : Set X) : AccPt x (𝓟 C) ↔ ∃ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, y ≠ x ∧ y ∈ C := by simp [acc_principal_iff_cluster, clusterPt_principal_iff_frequently, and_comm] #align acc_pt_iff_frequently accPt_iff_frequently theorem AccPt.mono {F G : Filter X} (h : AccPt x F) (hFG : F ≤ G) : AccPt x G := NeBot.mono h (inf_le_inf_left _ hFG) #align acc_pt.mono AccPt.mono theorem interior_eq_nhds' : interior s = { x | s ∈ 𝓝 x } := Set.ext fun x => by simp only [mem_interior, mem_nhds_iff, mem_setOf_eq] #align interior_eq_nhds' interior_eq_nhds' theorem interior_eq_nhds : interior s = { x | 𝓝 x ≤ 𝓟 s } := interior_eq_nhds'.trans <| by simp only [le_principal_iff] #align interior_eq_nhds interior_eq_nhds @[simp] theorem interior_mem_nhds : interior s ∈ 𝓝 x ↔ s ∈ 𝓝 x := ⟨fun h => mem_of_superset h interior_subset, fun h => IsOpen.mem_nhds isOpen_interior (mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds.2 h)⟩ #align interior_mem_nhds interior_mem_nhds theorem interior_setOf_eq {p : X → Prop} : interior { x | p x } = { x | ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, p y } := interior_eq_nhds' #align interior_set_of_eq interior_setOf_eq theorem isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhds {p : X → Prop} : IsOpen { x | ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, p y } := by simp only [← interior_setOf_eq, isOpen_interior] #align is_open_set_of_eventually_nhds isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhds theorem subset_interior_iff_nhds {V : Set X} : s ⊆ interior V ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, V ∈ 𝓝 x := by simp_rw [subset_def, mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds] #align subset_interior_iff_nhds subset_interior_iff_nhds theorem isOpen_iff_nhds : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, 𝓝 x ≤ 𝓟 s := calc IsOpen s ↔ s ⊆ interior s := subset_interior_iff_isOpen.symm _ ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, 𝓝 x ≤ 𝓟 s := by simp_rw [interior_eq_nhds, subset_def, mem_setOf] #align is_open_iff_nhds isOpen_iff_nhds theorem TopologicalSpace.ext_iff_nhds {t t' : TopologicalSpace X} : t = t' ↔ ∀ x, @nhds _ t x = @nhds _ t' x := ⟨fun H x ↦ congrFun (congrArg _ H) _, fun H ↦ by ext; simp_rw [@isOpen_iff_nhds _ _ _, H]⟩ alias ⟨_, TopologicalSpace.ext_nhds⟩ := TopologicalSpace.ext_iff_nhds theorem isOpen_iff_mem_nhds : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, s ∈ 𝓝 x := isOpen_iff_nhds.trans <| forall_congr' fun _ => imp_congr_right fun _ => le_principal_iff #align is_open_iff_mem_nhds isOpen_iff_mem_nhds theorem isOpen_iff_eventually : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x, x ∈ s → ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, y ∈ s := isOpen_iff_mem_nhds #align is_open_iff_eventually isOpen_iff_eventually theorem isOpen_iff_ultrafilter : IsOpen s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ (l : Ultrafilter X), ↑l ≤ 𝓝 x → s ∈ l := by simp_rw [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds, ← mem_iff_ultrafilter] #align is_open_iff_ultrafilter isOpen_iff_ultrafilter theorem isOpen_singleton_iff_nhds_eq_pure (x : X) : IsOpen ({x} : Set X) ↔ 𝓝 x = pure x := by constructor · intro h apply le_antisymm _ (pure_le_nhds x) rw [le_pure_iff] exact h.mem_nhds (mem_singleton x) · intro h simp [isOpen_iff_nhds, h] #align is_open_singleton_iff_nhds_eq_pure isOpen_singleton_iff_nhds_eq_pure theorem isOpen_singleton_iff_punctured_nhds (x : X) : IsOpen ({x} : Set X) ↔ 𝓝[≠] x = ⊥ := by rw [isOpen_singleton_iff_nhds_eq_pure, nhdsWithin, ← mem_iff_inf_principal_compl, ← le_pure_iff, nhds_neBot.le_pure_iff] #align is_open_singleton_iff_punctured_nhds isOpen_singleton_iff_punctured_nhds theorem mem_closure_iff_frequently : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, x ∈ s := by rw [Filter.Frequently, Filter.Eventually, ← mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds, closure_eq_compl_interior_compl, mem_compl_iff, compl_def] #align mem_closure_iff_frequently mem_closure_iff_frequently alias ⟨_, Filter.Frequently.mem_closure⟩ := mem_closure_iff_frequently #align filter.frequently.mem_closure Filter.Frequently.mem_closure theorem isClosed_iff_frequently : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ x, (∃ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, y ∈ s) → x ∈ s := by rw [← closure_subset_iff_isClosed] refine forall_congr' fun x => ?_ rw [mem_closure_iff_frequently] #align is_closed_iff_frequently isClosed_iff_frequently theorem isClosed_setOf_clusterPt {f : Filter X} : IsClosed { x | ClusterPt x f } := by simp only [ClusterPt, inf_neBot_iff_frequently_left, setOf_forall, imp_iff_not_or] refine isClosed_iInter fun p => IsClosed.union ?_ ?_ <;> apply isClosed_compl_iff.2 exacts [isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhds, isOpen_const] #align is_closed_set_of_cluster_pt isClosed_setOf_clusterPt theorem mem_closure_iff_clusterPt : x ∈ closure s ↔ ClusterPt x (𝓟 s) := mem_closure_iff_frequently.trans clusterPt_principal_iff_frequently.symm #align mem_closure_iff_cluster_pt mem_closure_iff_clusterPt theorem mem_closure_iff_nhds_ne_bot : x ∈ closure s ↔ 𝓝 x ⊓ 𝓟 s ≠ ⊥ := mem_closure_iff_clusterPt.trans neBot_iff #align mem_closure_iff_nhds_ne_bot mem_closure_iff_nhds_ne_bot @[deprecated (since := "2024-01-28")] alias mem_closure_iff_nhds_neBot := mem_closure_iff_nhds_ne_bot theorem mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot : x ∈ closure s ↔ NeBot (𝓝[s] x) := mem_closure_iff_clusterPt #align mem_closure_iff_nhds_within_ne_bot mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot lemma not_mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_eq_bot : x ∉ closure s ↔ 𝓝[s] x = ⊥ := by rw [mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot, not_neBot] theorem dense_compl_singleton (x : X) [NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] : Dense ({x}ᶜ : Set X) := by intro y rcases eq_or_ne y x with (rfl | hne) · rwa [mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot] · exact subset_closure hne #align dense_compl_singleton dense_compl_singleton -- Porting note (#10618): was a `@[simp]` lemma but `simp` can prove it theorem closure_compl_singleton (x : X) [NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] : closure {x}ᶜ = (univ : Set X) := (dense_compl_singleton x).closure_eq #align closure_compl_singleton closure_compl_singleton @[simp] theorem interior_singleton (x : X) [NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] : interior {x} = (∅ : Set X) := interior_eq_empty_iff_dense_compl.2 (dense_compl_singleton x) #align interior_singleton interior_singleton theorem not_isOpen_singleton (x : X) [NeBot (𝓝[≠] x)] : ¬IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := dense_compl_singleton_iff_not_open.1 (dense_compl_singleton x) #align not_is_open_singleton not_isOpen_singleton theorem closure_eq_cluster_pts : closure s = { a | ClusterPt a (𝓟 s) } := Set.ext fun _ => mem_closure_iff_clusterPt #align closure_eq_cluster_pts closure_eq_cluster_pts theorem mem_closure_iff_nhds : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∀ t ∈ 𝓝 x, (t ∩ s).Nonempty := mem_closure_iff_clusterPt.trans clusterPt_principal_iff #align mem_closure_iff_nhds mem_closure_iff_nhds theorem mem_closure_iff_nhds' : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∀ t ∈ 𝓝 x, ∃ y : s, ↑y ∈ t := by simp only [mem_closure_iff_nhds, Set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_right, SetCoe.exists, exists_prop] #align mem_closure_iff_nhds' mem_closure_iff_nhds' theorem mem_closure_iff_comap_neBot : x ∈ closure s ↔ NeBot (comap ((↑) : s → X) (𝓝 x)) := by simp_rw [mem_closure_iff_nhds, comap_neBot_iff, Set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_right, SetCoe.exists, exists_prop] #align mem_closure_iff_comap_ne_bot mem_closure_iff_comap_neBot theorem mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis' {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p s) : x ∈ closure t ↔ ∀ i, p i → (s i ∩ t).Nonempty := mem_closure_iff_clusterPt.trans <| (h.clusterPt_iff (hasBasis_principal _)).trans <| by simp only [exists_prop, forall_const] #align mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis' mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis' theorem mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} (h : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p s) : x ∈ closure t ↔ ∀ i, p i → ∃ y ∈ t, y ∈ s i := (mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis' h).trans <| by simp only [Set.Nonempty, mem_inter_iff, exists_prop, and_comm] #align mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis mem_closure_iff_nhds_basis theorem clusterPt_iff_forall_mem_closure {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x F ↔ ∀ s ∈ F, x ∈ closure s := by simp_rw [ClusterPt, inf_neBot_iff, mem_closure_iff_nhds] rw [forall₂_swap] theorem clusterPt_iff_lift'_closure {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x F ↔ pure x ≤ (F.lift' closure) := by simp_rw [clusterPt_iff_forall_mem_closure, (hasBasis_pure _).le_basis_iff F.basis_sets.lift'_closure, id, singleton_subset_iff, true_and, exists_const] theorem clusterPt_iff_lift'_closure' {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x F ↔ (F.lift' closure ⊓ pure x).NeBot := by rw [clusterPt_iff_lift'_closure, ← Ultrafilter.coe_pure, inf_comm, Ultrafilter.inf_neBot_iff] @[simp] theorem clusterPt_lift'_closure_iff {F : Filter X} : ClusterPt x (F.lift' closure) ↔ ClusterPt x F := by simp [clusterPt_iff_lift'_closure, lift'_lift'_assoc (monotone_closure X) (monotone_closure X)] theorem mem_closure_iff_ultrafilter : x ∈ closure s ↔ ∃ u : Ultrafilter X, s ∈ u ∧ ↑u ≤ 𝓝 x := by simp [closure_eq_cluster_pts, ClusterPt, ← exists_ultrafilter_iff, and_comm] #align mem_closure_iff_ultrafilter mem_closure_iff_ultrafilter theorem isClosed_iff_clusterPt : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ a, ClusterPt a (𝓟 s) → a ∈ s := calc IsClosed s ↔ closure s ⊆ s := closure_subset_iff_isClosed.symm _ ↔ ∀ a, ClusterPt a (𝓟 s) → a ∈ s := by simp only [subset_def, mem_closure_iff_clusterPt] #align is_closed_iff_cluster_pt isClosed_iff_clusterPt theorem isClosed_iff_ultrafilter : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ x, ∀ u : Ultrafilter X, ↑u ≤ 𝓝 x → s ∈ u → x ∈ s := by simp [isClosed_iff_clusterPt, ClusterPt, ← exists_ultrafilter_iff] theorem isClosed_iff_nhds : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ x, (∀ U ∈ 𝓝 x, (U ∩ s).Nonempty) → x ∈ s := by simp_rw [isClosed_iff_clusterPt, ClusterPt, inf_principal_neBot_iff] #align is_closed_iff_nhds isClosed_iff_nhds lemma isClosed_iff_forall_filter : IsClosed s ↔ ∀ x, ∀ F : Filter X, F.NeBot → F ≤ 𝓟 s → F ≤ 𝓝 x → x ∈ s := by simp_rw [isClosed_iff_clusterPt] exact ⟨fun hs x F F_ne FS Fx ↦ hs _ <| NeBot.mono F_ne (le_inf Fx FS), fun hs x hx ↦ hs x (𝓝 x ⊓ 𝓟 s) hx inf_le_right inf_le_left⟩ theorem IsClosed.interior_union_left (_ : IsClosed s) : interior (s ∪ t) ⊆ s ∪ interior t := fun a ⟨u, ⟨⟨hu₁, hu₂⟩, ha⟩⟩ => (Classical.em (a ∈ s)).imp_right fun h => mem_interior.mpr ⟨u ∩ sᶜ, fun _x hx => (hu₂ hx.1).resolve_left hx.2, IsOpen.inter hu₁ IsClosed.isOpen_compl, ⟨ha, h⟩⟩ #align is_closed.interior_union_left IsClosed.interior_union_left theorem IsClosed.interior_union_right (h : IsClosed t) : interior (s ∪ t) ⊆ interior s ∪ t := by simpa only [union_comm _ t] using h.interior_union_left #align is_closed.interior_union_right IsClosed.interior_union_right theorem IsOpen.inter_closure (h : IsOpen s) : s ∩ closure t ⊆ closure (s ∩ t) := compl_subset_compl.mp <| by simpa only [← interior_compl, compl_inter] using IsClosed.interior_union_left h.isClosed_compl #align is_open.inter_closure IsOpen.inter_closure theorem IsOpen.closure_inter (h : IsOpen t) : closure s ∩ t ⊆ closure (s ∩ t) := by simpa only [inter_comm t] using h.inter_closure #align is_open.closure_inter IsOpen.closure_inter theorem Dense.open_subset_closure_inter (hs : Dense s) (ht : IsOpen t) : t ⊆ closure (t ∩ s) := calc t = t ∩ closure s := by rw [hs.closure_eq, inter_univ] _ ⊆ closure (t ∩ s) := ht.inter_closure #align dense.open_subset_closure_inter Dense.open_subset_closure_inter theorem mem_closure_of_mem_closure_union (h : x ∈ closure (s₁ ∪ s₂)) (h₁ : s₁ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 x) : x ∈ closure s₂ := by rw [mem_closure_iff_nhds_ne_bot] at * rwa [← sup_principal, inf_sup_left, inf_principal_eq_bot.mpr h₁, bot_sup_eq] at h #align mem_closure_of_mem_closure_union mem_closure_of_mem_closure_union theorem Dense.inter_of_isOpen_left (hs : Dense s) (ht : Dense t) (hso : IsOpen s) : Dense (s ∩ t) := fun x => closure_minimal hso.inter_closure isClosed_closure <| by simp [hs.closure_eq, ht.closure_eq] #align dense.inter_of_open_left Dense.inter_of_isOpen_left theorem Dense.inter_of_isOpen_right (hs : Dense s) (ht : Dense t) (hto : IsOpen t) : Dense (s ∩ t) := inter_comm t s ▸ ht.inter_of_isOpen_left hs hto #align dense.inter_of_open_right Dense.inter_of_isOpen_right theorem Dense.inter_nhds_nonempty (hs : Dense s) (ht : t ∈ 𝓝 x) : (s ∩ t).Nonempty := let ⟨U, hsub, ho, hx⟩ := mem_nhds_iff.1 ht (hs.inter_open_nonempty U ho ⟨x, hx⟩).mono fun _y hy => ⟨hy.2, hsub hy.1⟩ #align dense.inter_nhds_nonempty Dense.inter_nhds_nonempty theorem closure_diff : closure s \ closure t ⊆ closure (s \ t) := calc closure s \ closure t = (closure t)ᶜ ∩ closure s := by simp only [diff_eq, inter_comm] _ ⊆ closure ((closure t)ᶜ ∩ s) := (isOpen_compl_iff.mpr <| isClosed_closure).inter_closure _ = closure (s \ closure t) := by simp only [diff_eq, inter_comm] _ ⊆ closure (s \ t) := closure_mono <| diff_subset_diff (Subset.refl s) subset_closure #align closure_diff closure_diff theorem Filter.Frequently.mem_of_closed (h : ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝 x, x ∈ s) (hs : IsClosed s) : x ∈ s := hs.closure_subset h.mem_closure #align filter.frequently.mem_of_closed Filter.Frequently.mem_of_closed theorem IsClosed.mem_of_frequently_of_tendsto {f : α → X} {b : Filter α} (hs : IsClosed s) (h : ∃ᶠ x in b, f x ∈ s) (hf : Tendsto f b (𝓝 x)) : x ∈ s := (hf.frequently <| show ∃ᶠ x in b, (fun y => y ∈ s) (f x) from h).mem_of_closed hs #align is_closed.mem_of_frequently_of_tendsto IsClosed.mem_of_frequently_of_tendsto theorem IsClosed.mem_of_tendsto {f : α → X} {b : Filter α} [NeBot b] (hs : IsClosed s) (hf : Tendsto f b (𝓝 x)) (h : ∀ᶠ x in b, f x ∈ s) : x ∈ s := hs.mem_of_frequently_of_tendsto h.frequently hf #align is_closed.mem_of_tendsto IsClosed.mem_of_tendsto theorem mem_closure_of_frequently_of_tendsto {f : α → X} {b : Filter α} (h : ∃ᶠ x in b, f x ∈ s) (hf : Tendsto f b (𝓝 x)) : x ∈ closure s := (hf.frequently h).mem_closure #align mem_closure_of_frequently_of_tendsto mem_closure_of_frequently_of_tendsto theorem mem_closure_of_tendsto {f : α → X} {b : Filter α} [NeBot b] (hf : Tendsto f b (𝓝 x)) (h : ∀ᶠ x in b, f x ∈ s) : x ∈ closure s := mem_closure_of_frequently_of_tendsto h.frequently hf #align mem_closure_of_tendsto mem_closure_of_tendsto theorem tendsto_inf_principal_nhds_iff_of_forall_eq {f : α → X} {l : Filter α} {s : Set α} (h : ∀ a ∉ s, f a = x) : Tendsto f (l ⊓ 𝓟 s) (𝓝 x) ↔ Tendsto f l (𝓝 x) := by rw [tendsto_iff_comap, tendsto_iff_comap] replace h : 𝓟 sᶜ ≤ comap f (𝓝 x) := by rintro U ⟨t, ht, htU⟩ x hx have : f x ∈ t := (h x hx).symm ▸ mem_of_mem_nhds ht exact htU this refine ⟨fun h' => ?_, le_trans inf_le_left⟩ have := sup_le h' h rw [sup_inf_right, sup_principal, union_compl_self, principal_univ, inf_top_eq, sup_le_iff] at this exact this.1 #align tendsto_inf_principal_nhds_iff_of_forall_eq tendsto_inf_principal_nhds_iff_of_forall_eq open Topology section Continuous variable {X Y Z : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [TopologicalSpace Z] open TopologicalSpace -- The curly braces are intentional, so this definition works well with simp -- when topologies are not those provided by instances. theorem continuous_def {_ : TopologicalSpace X} {_ : TopologicalSpace Y} {f : X → Y} : Continuous f ↔ ∀ s, IsOpen s → IsOpen (f ⁻¹' s) := ⟨fun hf => hf.1, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ #align continuous_def continuous_def variable {f : X → Y} {s : Set X} {x : X} {y : Y} theorem IsOpen.preimage (hf : Continuous f) {t : Set Y} (h : IsOpen t) : IsOpen (f ⁻¹' t) := hf.isOpen_preimage t h #align is_open.preimage IsOpen.preimage theorem continuous_congr {g : X → Y} (h : ∀ x, f x = g x) : Continuous f ↔ Continuous g := .of_eq <| congrArg _ <| funext h theorem Continuous.congr {g : X → Y} (h : Continuous f) (h' : ∀ x, f x = g x) : Continuous g := continuous_congr h' |>.mp h #align continuous.congr Continuous.congr theorem ContinuousAt.tendsto (h : ContinuousAt f x) : Tendsto f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 (f x)) := h #align continuous_at.tendsto ContinuousAt.tendsto theorem continuousAt_def : ContinuousAt f x ↔ ∀ A ∈ 𝓝 (f x), f ⁻¹' A ∈ 𝓝 x := Iff.rfl #align continuous_at_def continuousAt_def theorem continuousAt_congr {g : X → Y} (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] g) : ContinuousAt f x ↔ ContinuousAt g x := by simp only [ContinuousAt, tendsto_congr' h, h.eq_of_nhds] #align continuous_at_congr continuousAt_congr theorem ContinuousAt.congr {g : X → Y} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] g) : ContinuousAt g x := (continuousAt_congr h).1 hf #align continuous_at.congr ContinuousAt.congr theorem ContinuousAt.preimage_mem_nhds {t : Set Y} (h : ContinuousAt f x) (ht : t ∈ 𝓝 (f x)) : f ⁻¹' t ∈ 𝓝 x := h ht #align continuous_at.preimage_mem_nhds ContinuousAt.preimage_mem_nhds theorem ContinuousAt.eventually_mem {f : X → Y} {x : X} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) {s : Set Y} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 (f x)) : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, f y ∈ s := hf hs @[deprecated (since := "2024-01-15")] theorem eventuallyEq_zero_nhds {M₀} [Zero M₀] {f : X → M₀} : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] 0 ↔ x ∉ closure (Function.support f) := by rw [← mem_compl_iff, ← interior_compl, mem_interior_iff_mem_nhds, Function.compl_support, EventuallyEq, eventually_iff] simp only [Pi.zero_apply] #align eventually_eq_zero_nhds eventuallyEq_zero_nhds theorem ClusterPt.map {lx : Filter X} {ly : Filter Y} (H : ClusterPt x lx) (hfc : ContinuousAt f x) (hf : Tendsto f lx ly) : ClusterPt (f x) ly := (NeBot.map H f).mono <| hfc.tendsto.inf hf #align cluster_pt.map ClusterPt.map theorem preimage_interior_subset_interior_preimage {t : Set Y} (hf : Continuous f) : f ⁻¹' interior t ⊆ interior (f ⁻¹' t) := interior_maximal (preimage_mono interior_subset) (isOpen_interior.preimage hf) #align preimage_interior_subset_interior_preimage preimage_interior_subset_interior_preimage @[continuity] theorem continuous_id : Continuous (id : X → X) := continuous_def.2 fun _ => id #align continuous_id continuous_id -- This is needed due to reducibility issues with the `continuity` tactic. @[continuity, fun_prop] theorem continuous_id' : Continuous (fun (x : X) => x) := continuous_id theorem Continuous.comp {g : Y → Z} (hg : Continuous g) (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous (g ∘ f) := continuous_def.2 fun _ h => (h.preimage hg).preimage hf #align continuous.comp Continuous.comp -- This is needed due to reducibility issues with the `continuity` tactic. @[continuity, fun_prop] theorem Continuous.comp' {g : Y → Z} (hg : Continuous g) (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous (fun x => g (f x)) := hg.comp hf theorem Continuous.iterate {f : X → X} (h : Continuous f) (n : ℕ) : Continuous f^[n] := Nat.recOn n continuous_id fun _ ihn => ihn.comp h #align continuous.iterate Continuous.iterate nonrec theorem ContinuousAt.comp {g : Y → Z} (hg : ContinuousAt g (f x)) (hf : ContinuousAt f x) : ContinuousAt (g ∘ f) x := hg.comp hf #align continuous_at.comp ContinuousAt.comp @[fun_prop] theorem ContinuousAt.comp' {g : Y → Z} {x : X} (hg : ContinuousAt g (f x)) (hf : ContinuousAt f x) : ContinuousAt (fun x => g (f x)) x := ContinuousAt.comp hg hf theorem ContinuousAt.comp_of_eq {g : Y → Z} (hg : ContinuousAt g y) (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (hy : f x = y) : ContinuousAt (g ∘ f) x := by subst hy; exact hg.comp hf #align continuous_at.comp_of_eq ContinuousAt.comp_of_eq theorem Continuous.tendsto (hf : Continuous f) (x) : Tendsto f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 (f x)) := ((nhds_basis_opens x).tendsto_iff <| nhds_basis_opens <| f x).2 fun t ⟨hxt, ht⟩ => ⟨f ⁻¹' t, ⟨hxt, ht.preimage hf⟩, Subset.rfl⟩ #align continuous.tendsto Continuous.tendsto theorem Continuous.tendsto' (hf : Continuous f) (x : X) (y : Y) (h : f x = y) : Tendsto f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 y) := h ▸ hf.tendsto x #align continuous.tendsto' Continuous.tendsto' @[fun_prop] theorem Continuous.continuousAt (h : Continuous f) : ContinuousAt f x := h.tendsto x #align continuous.continuous_at Continuous.continuousAt theorem continuous_iff_continuousAt : Continuous f ↔ ∀ x, ContinuousAt f x := ⟨Continuous.tendsto, fun hf => continuous_def.2 fun _U hU => isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.2 fun x hx => hf x <| hU.mem_nhds hx⟩ #align continuous_iff_continuous_at continuous_iff_continuousAt @[fun_prop] theorem continuousAt_const : ContinuousAt (fun _ : X => y) x := tendsto_const_nhds #align continuous_at_const continuousAt_const @[continuity, fun_prop] theorem continuous_const : Continuous fun _ : X => y := continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr fun _ => continuousAt_const #align continuous_const continuous_const theorem Filter.EventuallyEq.continuousAt (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝 x] fun _ => y) : ContinuousAt f x := (continuousAt_congr h).2 tendsto_const_nhds #align filter.eventually_eq.continuous_at Filter.EventuallyEq.continuousAt theorem continuous_of_const (h : ∀ x y, f x = f y) : Continuous f := continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr fun x => Filter.EventuallyEq.continuousAt <| eventually_of_forall fun y => h y x #align continuous_of_const continuous_of_const theorem continuousAt_id : ContinuousAt id x := continuous_id.continuousAt #align continuous_at_id continuousAt_id @[fun_prop] theorem continuousAt_id' (y) : ContinuousAt (fun x : X => x) y := continuousAt_id theorem ContinuousAt.iterate {f : X → X} (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (hx : f x = x) (n : ℕ) : ContinuousAt f^[n] x := Nat.recOn n continuousAt_id fun _n ihn ↦ ihn.comp_of_eq hf hx #align continuous_at.iterate ContinuousAt.iterate theorem continuous_iff_isClosed : Continuous f ↔ ∀ s, IsClosed s → IsClosed (f ⁻¹' s) := continuous_def.trans <| compl_surjective.forall.trans <| by simp only [isOpen_compl_iff, preimage_compl] #align continuous_iff_is_closed continuous_iff_isClosed theorem IsClosed.preimage (hf : Continuous f) {t : Set Y} (h : IsClosed t) : IsClosed (f ⁻¹' t) := continuous_iff_isClosed.mp hf t h #align is_closed.preimage IsClosed.preimage theorem mem_closure_image (hf : ContinuousAt f x) (hx : x ∈ closure s) : f x ∈ closure (f '' s) := mem_closure_of_frequently_of_tendsto ((mem_closure_iff_frequently.1 hx).mono fun _ => mem_image_of_mem _) hf #align mem_closure_image mem_closure_image theorem continuousAt_iff_ultrafilter : ContinuousAt f x ↔ ∀ g : Ultrafilter X, ↑g ≤ 𝓝 x → Tendsto f g (𝓝 (f x)) := tendsto_iff_ultrafilter f (𝓝 x) (𝓝 (f x)) #align continuous_at_iff_ultrafilter continuousAt_iff_ultrafilter theorem continuous_iff_ultrafilter : Continuous f ↔ ∀ (x) (g : Ultrafilter X), ↑g ≤ 𝓝 x → Tendsto f g (𝓝 (f x)) := by simp only [continuous_iff_continuousAt, continuousAt_iff_ultrafilter] #align continuous_iff_ultrafilter continuous_iff_ultrafilter theorem Continuous.closure_preimage_subset (hf : Continuous f) (t : Set Y) : closure (f ⁻¹' t) ⊆ f ⁻¹' closure t := by rw [← (isClosed_closure.preimage hf).closure_eq] exact closure_mono (preimage_mono subset_closure) #align continuous.closure_preimage_subset Continuous.closure_preimage_subset theorem Continuous.frontier_preimage_subset (hf : Continuous f) (t : Set Y) : frontier (f ⁻¹' t) ⊆ f ⁻¹' frontier t := diff_subset_diff (hf.closure_preimage_subset t) (preimage_interior_subset_interior_preimage hf) #align continuous.frontier_preimage_subset Continuous.frontier_preimage_subset protected theorem Set.MapsTo.closure {t : Set Y} (h : MapsTo f s t) (hc : Continuous f) : MapsTo f (closure s) (closure t) := by simp only [MapsTo, mem_closure_iff_clusterPt] exact fun x hx => hx.map hc.continuousAt (tendsto_principal_principal.2 h) #align set.maps_to.closure Set.MapsTo.closure theorem image_closure_subset_closure_image (h : Continuous f) : f '' closure s ⊆ closure (f '' s) := ((mapsTo_image f s).closure h).image_subset #align image_closure_subset_closure_image image_closure_subset_closure_image -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem closure_image_closure (h : Continuous f) : closure (f '' closure s) = closure (f '' s) := Subset.antisymm (closure_minimal (image_closure_subset_closure_image h) isClosed_closure) (closure_mono <| image_subset _ subset_closure) theorem closure_subset_preimage_closure_image (h : Continuous f) : closure s ⊆ f ⁻¹' closure (f '' s) := (mapsTo_image _ _).closure h #align closure_subset_preimage_closure_image closure_subset_preimage_closure_image theorem map_mem_closure {t : Set Y} (hf : Continuous f) (hx : x ∈ closure s) (ht : MapsTo f s t) : f x ∈ closure t := ht.closure hf hx #align map_mem_closure map_mem_closure theorem Set.MapsTo.closure_left {t : Set Y} (h : MapsTo f s t) (hc : Continuous f) (ht : IsClosed t) : MapsTo f (closure s) t := ht.closure_eq ▸ h.closure hc #align set.maps_to.closure_left Set.MapsTo.closure_left theorem Filter.Tendsto.lift'_closure (hf : Continuous f) {l l'} (h : Tendsto f l l') : Tendsto f (l.lift' closure) (l'.lift' closure) := tendsto_lift'.2 fun s hs ↦ by filter_upwards [mem_lift' (h hs)] using (mapsTo_preimage _ _).closure hf theorem tendsto_lift'_closure_nhds (hf : Continuous f) (x : X) : Tendsto f ((𝓝 x).lift' closure) ((𝓝 (f x)).lift' closure) := (hf.tendsto x).lift'_closure hf section DenseRange variable {α ι : Type*} (f : α → X) (g : X → Y) variable {f : α → X} {s : Set X} theorem Function.Surjective.denseRange (hf : Function.Surjective f) : DenseRange f := fun x => by simp [hf.range_eq] #align function.surjective.dense_range Function.Surjective.denseRange theorem denseRange_id : DenseRange (id : X → X) := Function.Surjective.denseRange Function.surjective_id #align dense_range_id denseRange_id theorem denseRange_iff_closure_range : DenseRange f ↔ closure (range f) = univ := dense_iff_closure_eq #align dense_range_iff_closure_range denseRange_iff_closure_range theorem DenseRange.closure_range (h : DenseRange f) : closure (range f) = univ := h.closure_eq #align dense_range.closure_range DenseRange.closure_range theorem Dense.denseRange_val (h : Dense s) : DenseRange ((↑) : s → X) := by simpa only [DenseRange, Subtype.range_coe_subtype] #align dense.dense_range_coe Dense.denseRange_val
Mathlib/Topology/Basic.lean
1,784
1,787
theorem Continuous.range_subset_closure_image_dense {f : X → Y} (hf : Continuous f) (hs : Dense s) : range f ⊆ closure (f '' s) := by
rw [← image_univ, ← hs.closure_eq] exact image_closure_subset_closure_image hf
import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Group.Basic import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.AffineSpace.AffineSubspace import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.AffineSpace.Midpoint #align_import analysis.normed.group.add_torsor from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"837f72de63ad6cd96519cde5f1ffd5ed8d280ad0" noncomputable section open NNReal Topology open Filter class NormedAddTorsor (V : outParam Type*) (P : Type*) [SeminormedAddCommGroup V] [PseudoMetricSpace P] extends AddTorsor V P where dist_eq_norm' : ∀ x y : P, dist x y = ‖(x -ᵥ y : V)‖ #align normed_add_torsor NormedAddTorsor instance (priority := 100) NormedAddTorsor.toAddTorsor' {V P : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [MetricSpace P] [NormedAddTorsor V P] : AddTorsor V P := NormedAddTorsor.toAddTorsor #align normed_add_torsor.to_add_torsor' NormedAddTorsor.toAddTorsor' variable {α V P W Q : Type*} [SeminormedAddCommGroup V] [PseudoMetricSpace P] [NormedAddTorsor V P] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [MetricSpace Q] [NormedAddTorsor W Q] instance (priority := 100) NormedAddTorsor.to_isometricVAdd : IsometricVAdd V P := ⟨fun c => Isometry.of_dist_eq fun x y => by -- porting note (#10745): was `simp [NormedAddTorsor.dist_eq_norm']` rw [NormedAddTorsor.dist_eq_norm', NormedAddTorsor.dist_eq_norm', vadd_vsub_vadd_cancel_left]⟩ #align normed_add_torsor.to_has_isometric_vadd NormedAddTorsor.to_isometricVAdd instance (priority := 100) SeminormedAddCommGroup.toNormedAddTorsor : NormedAddTorsor V V where dist_eq_norm' := dist_eq_norm #align seminormed_add_comm_group.to_normed_add_torsor SeminormedAddCommGroup.toNormedAddTorsor -- Because of the AddTorsor.nonempty instance. instance AffineSubspace.toNormedAddTorsor {R : Type*} [Ring R] [Module R V] (s : AffineSubspace R P) [Nonempty s] : NormedAddTorsor s.direction s := { AffineSubspace.toAddTorsor s with dist_eq_norm' := fun x y => NormedAddTorsor.dist_eq_norm' x.val y.val } #align affine_subspace.to_normed_add_torsor AffineSubspace.toNormedAddTorsor section variable (V W) theorem dist_eq_norm_vsub (x y : P) : dist x y = ‖x -ᵥ y‖ := NormedAddTorsor.dist_eq_norm' x y #align dist_eq_norm_vsub dist_eq_norm_vsub theorem nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub (x y : P) : nndist x y = ‖x -ᵥ y‖₊ := NNReal.eq <| dist_eq_norm_vsub V x y #align nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub theorem dist_eq_norm_vsub' (x y : P) : dist x y = ‖y -ᵥ x‖ := (dist_comm _ _).trans (dist_eq_norm_vsub _ _ _) #align dist_eq_norm_vsub' dist_eq_norm_vsub' theorem nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub' (x y : P) : nndist x y = ‖y -ᵥ x‖₊ := NNReal.eq <| dist_eq_norm_vsub' V x y #align nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub' nndist_eq_nnnorm_vsub' end theorem dist_vadd_cancel_left (v : V) (x y : P) : dist (v +ᵥ x) (v +ᵥ y) = dist x y := dist_vadd _ _ _ #align dist_vadd_cancel_left dist_vadd_cancel_left -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem theorem nndist_vadd_cancel_left (v : V) (x y : P) : nndist (v +ᵥ x) (v +ᵥ y) = nndist x y := NNReal.eq <| dist_vadd_cancel_left _ _ _ @[simp] theorem dist_vadd_cancel_right (v₁ v₂ : V) (x : P) : dist (v₁ +ᵥ x) (v₂ +ᵥ x) = dist v₁ v₂ := by rw [dist_eq_norm_vsub V, dist_eq_norm, vadd_vsub_vadd_cancel_right] #align dist_vadd_cancel_right dist_vadd_cancel_right @[simp] theorem nndist_vadd_cancel_right (v₁ v₂ : V) (x : P) : nndist (v₁ +ᵥ x) (v₂ +ᵥ x) = nndist v₁ v₂ := NNReal.eq <| dist_vadd_cancel_right _ _ _ #align nndist_vadd_cancel_right nndist_vadd_cancel_right @[simp] theorem dist_vadd_left (v : V) (x : P) : dist (v +ᵥ x) x = ‖v‖ := by -- porting note (#10745): was `simp [dist_eq_norm_vsub V _ x]` rw [dist_eq_norm_vsub V _ x, vadd_vsub] #align dist_vadd_left dist_vadd_left @[simp] theorem nndist_vadd_left (v : V) (x : P) : nndist (v +ᵥ x) x = ‖v‖₊ := NNReal.eq <| dist_vadd_left _ _ #align nndist_vadd_left nndist_vadd_left @[simp] theorem dist_vadd_right (v : V) (x : P) : dist x (v +ᵥ x) = ‖v‖ := by rw [dist_comm, dist_vadd_left] #align dist_vadd_right dist_vadd_right @[simp] theorem nndist_vadd_right (v : V) (x : P) : nndist x (v +ᵥ x) = ‖v‖₊ := NNReal.eq <| dist_vadd_right _ _ #align nndist_vadd_right nndist_vadd_right @[simps!] def IsometryEquiv.vaddConst (x : P) : V ≃ᵢ P where toEquiv := Equiv.vaddConst x isometry_toFun := Isometry.of_dist_eq fun _ _ => dist_vadd_cancel_right _ _ _ #align isometry_equiv.vadd_const IsometryEquiv.vaddConst @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/Normed/Group/AddTorsor.lean
142
143
theorem dist_vsub_cancel_left (x y z : P) : dist (x -ᵥ y) (x -ᵥ z) = dist y z := by
rw [dist_eq_norm, vsub_sub_vsub_cancel_left, dist_comm, dist_eq_norm_vsub V]
import Mathlib.Data.Finset.NatAntidiagonal import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Antidiagonal #align_import data.finsupp.antidiagonal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"0a0ec35061ed9960bf0e7ffb0335f44447b58977" namespace Finsupp open Finset universe u variable {α : Type u} [DecidableEq α] def antidiagonal' (f : α →₀ ℕ) : (α →₀ ℕ) × (α →₀ ℕ) →₀ ℕ := Multiset.toFinsupp ((Finsupp.toMultiset f).antidiagonal.map (Prod.map Multiset.toFinsupp Multiset.toFinsupp)) #align finsupp.antidiagonal' Finsupp.antidiagonal' instance instHasAntidiagonal : HasAntidiagonal (α →₀ ℕ) where antidiagonal f := f.antidiagonal'.support mem_antidiagonal {f} {p} := by rcases p with ⟨p₁, p₂⟩ simp [antidiagonal', ← and_assoc, Multiset.toFinsupp_eq_iff, ← Multiset.toFinsupp_eq_iff (f := f)] #align finsupp.antidiagonal_filter_fst_eq Finset.filter_fst_eq_antidiagonal #align finsupp.antidiagonal_filter_snd_eq Finset.filter_snd_eq_antidiagonal -- nolint as this is for dsimp @[simp, nolint simpNF] theorem antidiagonal_zero : antidiagonal (0 : α →₀ ℕ) = singleton (0, 0) := rfl #align finsupp.antidiagonal_zero Finsupp.antidiagonal_zero @[to_additive] theorem prod_antidiagonal_swap {M : Type*} [CommMonoid M] (n : α →₀ ℕ) (f : (α →₀ ℕ) → (α →₀ ℕ) → M) : ∏ p ∈ antidiagonal n, f p.1 p.2 = ∏ p ∈ antidiagonal n, f p.2 p.1 := prod_equiv (Equiv.prodComm _ _) (by simp [add_comm]) (by simp) #align finsupp.prod_antidiagonal_swap Finsupp.prod_antidiagonal_swap #align finsupp.sum_antidiagonal_swap Finsupp.sum_antidiagonal_swap @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Finsupp/Antidiagonal.lean
61
79
theorem antidiagonal_single (a : α) (n : ℕ) : antidiagonal (single a n) = (antidiagonal n).map (Function.Embedding.prodMap ⟨_, single_injective a⟩ ⟨_, single_injective a⟩) := by
ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp only [mem_antidiagonal, mem_map, mem_antidiagonal, Function.Embedding.coe_prodMap, Function.Embedding.coeFn_mk, Prod.map_apply, Prod.mk.injEq, Prod.exists] constructor · intro h refine ⟨x a, y a, DFunLike.congr_fun h a |>.trans single_eq_same, ?_⟩ simp_rw [DFunLike.ext_iff, ← forall_and] intro i replace h := DFunLike.congr_fun h i simp_rw [single_apply, Finsupp.add_apply] at h ⊢ obtain rfl | hai := Decidable.eq_or_ne a i · exact ⟨if_pos rfl, if_pos rfl⟩ · simp_rw [if_neg hai, _root_.add_eq_zero_iff] at h ⊢ exact h.imp Eq.symm Eq.symm · rintro ⟨a, b, rfl, rfl, rfl⟩ exact (single_add _ _ _).symm
import Mathlib.Algebra.GroupWithZero.NonZeroDivisors import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.AlgebraMap import Mathlib.RingTheory.Coprime.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.scale_roots from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"40ac1b258344e0c2b4568dc37bfad937ec35a727" variable {R S A K : Type*} namespace Polynomial open Polynomial section Semiring variable [Semiring R] [Semiring S] noncomputable def scaleRoots (p : R[X]) (s : R) : R[X] := ∑ i ∈ p.support, monomial i (p.coeff i * s ^ (p.natDegree - i)) #align polynomial.scale_roots Polynomial.scaleRoots @[simp] theorem coeff_scaleRoots (p : R[X]) (s : R) (i : ℕ) : (scaleRoots p s).coeff i = coeff p i * s ^ (p.natDegree - i) := by simp (config := { contextual := true }) [scaleRoots, coeff_monomial] #align polynomial.coeff_scale_roots Polynomial.coeff_scaleRoots theorem coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree (p : R[X]) (s : R) : (scaleRoots p s).coeff p.natDegree = p.leadingCoeff := by rw [leadingCoeff, coeff_scaleRoots, tsub_self, pow_zero, mul_one] #align polynomial.coeff_scale_roots_nat_degree Polynomial.coeff_scaleRoots_natDegree @[simp]
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/ScaleRoots.lean
48
50
theorem zero_scaleRoots (s : R) : scaleRoots 0 s = 0 := by
ext simp
import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Constructions import Mathlib.Topology.Bases import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Basic #align_import topology.uniform_space.cauchy from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"22131150f88a2d125713ffa0f4693e3355b1eb49" universe u v open scoped Classical open Filter TopologicalSpace Set UniformSpace Function open scoped Classical open Uniformity Topology Filter variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} [uniformSpace : UniformSpace α] def Cauchy (f : Filter α) := NeBot f ∧ f ×ˢ f ≤ 𝓤 α #align cauchy Cauchy def IsComplete (s : Set α) := ∀ f, Cauchy f → f ≤ 𝓟 s → ∃ x ∈ s, f ≤ 𝓝 x #align is_complete IsComplete theorem Filter.HasBasis.cauchy_iff {ι} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set (α × α)} (h : (𝓤 α).HasBasis p s) {f : Filter α} : Cauchy f ↔ NeBot f ∧ ∀ i, p i → ∃ t ∈ f, ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (x, y) ∈ s i := and_congr Iff.rfl <| (f.basis_sets.prod_self.le_basis_iff h).trans <| by simp only [subset_def, Prod.forall, mem_prod_eq, and_imp, id, forall_mem_comm] #align filter.has_basis.cauchy_iff Filter.HasBasis.cauchy_iff theorem cauchy_iff' {f : Filter α} : Cauchy f ↔ NeBot f ∧ ∀ s ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ t ∈ f, ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (x, y) ∈ s := (𝓤 α).basis_sets.cauchy_iff #align cauchy_iff' cauchy_iff' theorem cauchy_iff {f : Filter α} : Cauchy f ↔ NeBot f ∧ ∀ s ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ t ∈ f, t ×ˢ t ⊆ s := cauchy_iff'.trans <| by simp only [subset_def, Prod.forall, mem_prod_eq, and_imp, id, forall_mem_comm] #align cauchy_iff cauchy_iff lemma cauchy_iff_le {l : Filter α} [hl : l.NeBot] : Cauchy l ↔ l ×ˢ l ≤ 𝓤 α := by simp only [Cauchy, hl, true_and] theorem Cauchy.ultrafilter_of {l : Filter α} (h : Cauchy l) : Cauchy (@Ultrafilter.of _ l h.1 : Filter α) := by haveI := h.1 have := Ultrafilter.of_le l exact ⟨Ultrafilter.neBot _, (Filter.prod_mono this this).trans h.2⟩ #align cauchy.ultrafilter_of Cauchy.ultrafilter_of theorem cauchy_map_iff {l : Filter β} {f : β → α} : Cauchy (l.map f) ↔ NeBot l ∧ Tendsto (fun p : β × β => (f p.1, f p.2)) (l ×ˢ l) (𝓤 α) := by rw [Cauchy, map_neBot_iff, prod_map_map_eq, Tendsto] #align cauchy_map_iff cauchy_map_iff theorem cauchy_map_iff' {l : Filter β} [hl : NeBot l] {f : β → α} : Cauchy (l.map f) ↔ Tendsto (fun p : β × β => (f p.1, f p.2)) (l ×ˢ l) (𝓤 α) := cauchy_map_iff.trans <| and_iff_right hl #align cauchy_map_iff' cauchy_map_iff' theorem Cauchy.mono {f g : Filter α} [hg : NeBot g] (h_c : Cauchy f) (h_le : g ≤ f) : Cauchy g := ⟨hg, le_trans (Filter.prod_mono h_le h_le) h_c.right⟩ #align cauchy.mono Cauchy.mono theorem Cauchy.mono' {f g : Filter α} (h_c : Cauchy f) (_ : NeBot g) (h_le : g ≤ f) : Cauchy g := h_c.mono h_le #align cauchy.mono' Cauchy.mono' theorem cauchy_nhds {a : α} : Cauchy (𝓝 a) := ⟨nhds_neBot, nhds_prod_eq.symm.trans_le (nhds_le_uniformity a)⟩ #align cauchy_nhds cauchy_nhds theorem cauchy_pure {a : α} : Cauchy (pure a) := cauchy_nhds.mono (pure_le_nhds a) #align cauchy_pure cauchy_pure theorem Filter.Tendsto.cauchy_map {l : Filter β} [NeBot l] {f : β → α} {a : α} (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝 a)) : Cauchy (map f l) := cauchy_nhds.mono h #align filter.tendsto.cauchy_map Filter.Tendsto.cauchy_map lemma Cauchy.mono_uniformSpace {u v : UniformSpace β} {F : Filter β} (huv : u ≤ v) (hF : Cauchy (uniformSpace := u) F) : Cauchy (uniformSpace := v) F := ⟨hF.1, hF.2.trans huv⟩ lemma cauchy_inf_uniformSpace {u v : UniformSpace β} {F : Filter β} : Cauchy (uniformSpace := u ⊓ v) F ↔ Cauchy (uniformSpace := u) F ∧ Cauchy (uniformSpace := v) F := by unfold Cauchy rw [inf_uniformity (u := u), le_inf_iff, and_and_left] lemma cauchy_iInf_uniformSpace {ι : Sort*} [Nonempty ι] {u : ι → UniformSpace β} {l : Filter β} : Cauchy (uniformSpace := ⨅ i, u i) l ↔ ∀ i, Cauchy (uniformSpace := u i) l := by unfold Cauchy rw [iInf_uniformity, le_iInf_iff, forall_and, forall_const] lemma cauchy_iInf_uniformSpace' {ι : Sort*} {u : ι → UniformSpace β} {l : Filter β} [l.NeBot] : Cauchy (uniformSpace := ⨅ i, u i) l ↔ ∀ i, Cauchy (uniformSpace := u i) l := by simp_rw [cauchy_iff_le (uniformSpace := _), iInf_uniformity, le_iInf_iff] lemma cauchy_comap_uniformSpace {u : UniformSpace β} {f : α → β} {l : Filter α} : Cauchy (uniformSpace := comap f u) l ↔ Cauchy (map f l) := by simp only [Cauchy, map_neBot_iff, prod_map_map_eq, map_le_iff_le_comap] rfl lemma cauchy_prod_iff [UniformSpace β] {F : Filter (α × β)} : Cauchy F ↔ Cauchy (map Prod.fst F) ∧ Cauchy (map Prod.snd F) := by simp_rw [instUniformSpaceProd, ← cauchy_comap_uniformSpace, ← cauchy_inf_uniformSpace] theorem Cauchy.prod [UniformSpace β] {f : Filter α} {g : Filter β} (hf : Cauchy f) (hg : Cauchy g) : Cauchy (f ×ˢ g) := by have := hf.1; have := hg.1 simpa [cauchy_prod_iff, hf.1] using ⟨hf, hg⟩ #align cauchy.prod Cauchy.prod theorem le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp_aux {f : Filter α} {x : α} (adhs : ∀ s ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ t ∈ f, t ×ˢ t ⊆ s ∧ ∃ y, (x, y) ∈ s ∧ y ∈ t) : f ≤ 𝓝 x := by -- Consider a neighborhood `s` of `x` intro s hs -- Take an entourage twice smaller than `s` rcases comp_mem_uniformity_sets (mem_nhds_uniformity_iff_right.1 hs) with ⟨U, U_mem, hU⟩ -- Take a set `t ∈ f`, `t × t ⊆ U`, and a point `y ∈ t` such that `(x, y) ∈ U` rcases adhs U U_mem with ⟨t, t_mem, ht, y, hxy, hy⟩ apply mem_of_superset t_mem -- Given a point `z ∈ t`, we have `(x, y) ∈ U` and `(y, z) ∈ t × t ⊆ U`, hence `z ∈ s` exact fun z hz => hU (prod_mk_mem_compRel hxy (ht <| mk_mem_prod hy hz)) rfl #align le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp_aux le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp_aux theorem le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp {f : Filter α} {x : α} (hf : Cauchy f) (adhs : ClusterPt x f) : f ≤ 𝓝 x := le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp_aux (fun s hs => by obtain ⟨t, t_mem, ht⟩ : ∃ t ∈ f, t ×ˢ t ⊆ s := (cauchy_iff.1 hf).2 s hs use t, t_mem, ht exact forall_mem_nonempty_iff_neBot.2 adhs _ (inter_mem_inf (mem_nhds_left x hs) t_mem)) #align le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp theorem le_nhds_iff_adhp_of_cauchy {f : Filter α} {x : α} (hf : Cauchy f) : f ≤ 𝓝 x ↔ ClusterPt x f := ⟨fun h => ClusterPt.of_le_nhds' h hf.1, le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp hf⟩ #align le_nhds_iff_adhp_of_cauchy le_nhds_iff_adhp_of_cauchy nonrec theorem Cauchy.map [UniformSpace β] {f : Filter α} {m : α → β} (hf : Cauchy f) (hm : UniformContinuous m) : Cauchy (map m f) := ⟨hf.1.map _, calc map m f ×ˢ map m f = map (Prod.map m m) (f ×ˢ f) := Filter.prod_map_map_eq _ ≤ Filter.map (Prod.map m m) (𝓤 α) := map_mono hf.right _ ≤ 𝓤 β := hm⟩ #align cauchy.map Cauchy.map nonrec theorem Cauchy.comap [UniformSpace β] {f : Filter β} {m : α → β} (hf : Cauchy f) (hm : comap (fun p : α × α => (m p.1, m p.2)) (𝓤 β) ≤ 𝓤 α) [NeBot (comap m f)] : Cauchy (comap m f) := ⟨‹_›, calc comap m f ×ˢ comap m f = comap (Prod.map m m) (f ×ˢ f) := prod_comap_comap_eq _ ≤ comap (Prod.map m m) (𝓤 β) := comap_mono hf.right _ ≤ 𝓤 α := hm⟩ #align cauchy.comap Cauchy.comap theorem Cauchy.comap' [UniformSpace β] {f : Filter β} {m : α → β} (hf : Cauchy f) (hm : Filter.comap (fun p : α × α => (m p.1, m p.2)) (𝓤 β) ≤ 𝓤 α) (_ : NeBot (Filter.comap m f)) : Cauchy (Filter.comap m f) := hf.comap hm #align cauchy.comap' Cauchy.comap' def CauchySeq [Preorder β] (u : β → α) := Cauchy (atTop.map u) #align cauchy_seq CauchySeq theorem CauchySeq.tendsto_uniformity [Preorder β] {u : β → α} (h : CauchySeq u) : Tendsto (Prod.map u u) atTop (𝓤 α) := by simpa only [Tendsto, prod_map_map_eq', prod_atTop_atTop_eq] using h.right #align cauchy_seq.tendsto_uniformity CauchySeq.tendsto_uniformity theorem CauchySeq.nonempty [Preorder β] {u : β → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) : Nonempty β := @nonempty_of_neBot _ _ <| (map_neBot_iff _).1 hu.1 #align cauchy_seq.nonempty CauchySeq.nonempty theorem CauchySeq.mem_entourage {β : Type*} [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} (h : CauchySeq u) {V : Set (α × α)} (hV : V ∈ 𝓤 α) : ∃ k₀, ∀ i j, k₀ ≤ i → k₀ ≤ j → (u i, u j) ∈ V := by haveI := h.nonempty have := h.tendsto_uniformity; rw [← prod_atTop_atTop_eq] at this simpa [MapsTo] using atTop_basis.prod_self.tendsto_left_iff.1 this V hV #align cauchy_seq.mem_entourage CauchySeq.mem_entourage theorem Filter.Tendsto.cauchySeq [SemilatticeSup β] [Nonempty β] {f : β → α} {x} (hx : Tendsto f atTop (𝓝 x)) : CauchySeq f := hx.cauchy_map #align filter.tendsto.cauchy_seq Filter.Tendsto.cauchySeq theorem cauchySeq_const [SemilatticeSup β] [Nonempty β] (x : α) : CauchySeq fun _ : β => x := tendsto_const_nhds.cauchySeq #align cauchy_seq_const cauchySeq_const theorem cauchySeq_iff_tendsto [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ Tendsto (Prod.map u u) atTop (𝓤 α) := cauchy_map_iff'.trans <| by simp only [prod_atTop_atTop_eq, Prod.map_def] #align cauchy_seq_iff_tendsto cauchySeq_iff_tendsto theorem CauchySeq.comp_tendsto {γ} [Preorder β] [SemilatticeSup γ] [Nonempty γ] {f : β → α} (hf : CauchySeq f) {g : γ → β} (hg : Tendsto g atTop atTop) : CauchySeq (f ∘ g) := ⟨inferInstance, le_trans (prod_le_prod.mpr ⟨Tendsto.comp le_rfl hg, Tendsto.comp le_rfl hg⟩) hf.2⟩ #align cauchy_seq.comp_tendsto CauchySeq.comp_tendsto theorem CauchySeq.comp_injective [SemilatticeSup β] [NoMaxOrder β] [Nonempty β] {u : ℕ → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) {f : β → ℕ} (hf : Injective f) : CauchySeq (u ∘ f) := hu.comp_tendsto <| Nat.cofinite_eq_atTop ▸ hf.tendsto_cofinite.mono_left atTop_le_cofinite #align cauchy_seq.comp_injective CauchySeq.comp_injective theorem Function.Bijective.cauchySeq_comp_iff {f : ℕ → ℕ} (hf : Bijective f) (u : ℕ → α) : CauchySeq (u ∘ f) ↔ CauchySeq u := by refine ⟨fun H => ?_, fun H => H.comp_injective hf.injective⟩ lift f to ℕ ≃ ℕ using hf simpa only [(· ∘ ·), f.apply_symm_apply] using H.comp_injective f.symm.injective #align function.bijective.cauchy_seq_comp_iff Function.Bijective.cauchySeq_comp_iff theorem CauchySeq.subseq_subseq_mem {V : ℕ → Set (α × α)} (hV : ∀ n, V n ∈ 𝓤 α) {u : ℕ → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) {f g : ℕ → ℕ} (hf : Tendsto f atTop atTop) (hg : Tendsto g atTop atTop) : ∃ φ : ℕ → ℕ, StrictMono φ ∧ ∀ n, ((u ∘ f ∘ φ) n, (u ∘ g ∘ φ) n) ∈ V n := by rw [cauchySeq_iff_tendsto] at hu exact ((hu.comp <| hf.prod_atTop hg).comp tendsto_atTop_diagonal).subseq_mem hV #align cauchy_seq.subseq_subseq_mem CauchySeq.subseq_subseq_mem -- todo: generalize this and other lemmas to a nonempty semilattice theorem cauchySeq_iff' {u : ℕ → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ V ∈ 𝓤 α, ∀ᶠ k in atTop, k ∈ Prod.map u u ⁻¹' V := cauchySeq_iff_tendsto #align cauchy_seq_iff' cauchySeq_iff' theorem cauchySeq_iff {u : ℕ → α} : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ V ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ N, ∀ k ≥ N, ∀ l ≥ N, (u k, u l) ∈ V := by simp only [cauchySeq_iff', Filter.eventually_atTop_prod_self', mem_preimage, Prod.map_apply] #align cauchy_seq_iff cauchySeq_iff theorem CauchySeq.prod_map {γ δ} [UniformSpace β] [Preorder γ] [Preorder δ] {u : γ → α} {v : δ → β} (hu : CauchySeq u) (hv : CauchySeq v) : CauchySeq (Prod.map u v) := by simpa only [CauchySeq, prod_map_map_eq', prod_atTop_atTop_eq] using hu.prod hv #align cauchy_seq.prod_map CauchySeq.prod_map theorem CauchySeq.prod {γ} [UniformSpace β] [Preorder γ] {u : γ → α} {v : γ → β} (hu : CauchySeq u) (hv : CauchySeq v) : CauchySeq fun x => (u x, v x) := haveI := hu.1.of_map (Cauchy.prod hu hv).mono (Tendsto.prod_mk le_rfl le_rfl) #align cauchy_seq.prod CauchySeq.prod theorem CauchySeq.eventually_eventually [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) {V : Set (α × α)} (hV : V ∈ 𝓤 α) : ∀ᶠ k in atTop, ∀ᶠ l in atTop, (u k, u l) ∈ V := eventually_atTop_curry <| hu.tendsto_uniformity hV #align cauchy_seq.eventually_eventually CauchySeq.eventually_eventually theorem UniformContinuous.comp_cauchySeq {γ} [UniformSpace β] [Preorder γ] {f : α → β} (hf : UniformContinuous f) {u : γ → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) : CauchySeq (f ∘ u) := hu.map hf #align uniform_continuous.comp_cauchy_seq UniformContinuous.comp_cauchySeq theorem CauchySeq.subseq_mem {V : ℕ → Set (α × α)} (hV : ∀ n, V n ∈ 𝓤 α) {u : ℕ → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) : ∃ φ : ℕ → ℕ, StrictMono φ ∧ ∀ n, (u <| φ (n + 1), u <| φ n) ∈ V n := by have : ∀ n, ∃ N, ∀ k ≥ N, ∀ l ≥ k, (u l, u k) ∈ V n := fun n => by rw [cauchySeq_iff] at hu rcases hu _ (hV n) with ⟨N, H⟩ exact ⟨N, fun k hk l hl => H _ (le_trans hk hl) _ hk⟩ obtain ⟨φ : ℕ → ℕ, φ_extr : StrictMono φ, hφ : ∀ n, ∀ l ≥ φ n, (u l, u <| φ n) ∈ V n⟩ := extraction_forall_of_eventually' this exact ⟨φ, φ_extr, fun n => hφ _ _ (φ_extr <| lt_add_one n).le⟩ #align cauchy_seq.subseq_mem CauchySeq.subseq_mem theorem Filter.Tendsto.subseq_mem_entourage {V : ℕ → Set (α × α)} (hV : ∀ n, V n ∈ 𝓤 α) {u : ℕ → α} {a : α} (hu : Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 a)) : ∃ φ : ℕ → ℕ, StrictMono φ ∧ (u (φ 0), a) ∈ V 0 ∧ ∀ n, (u <| φ (n + 1), u <| φ n) ∈ V (n + 1) := by rcases mem_atTop_sets.1 (hu (ball_mem_nhds a (symm_le_uniformity <| hV 0))) with ⟨n, hn⟩ rcases (hu.comp (tendsto_add_atTop_nat n)).cauchySeq.subseq_mem fun n => hV (n + 1) with ⟨φ, φ_mono, hφV⟩ exact ⟨fun k => φ k + n, φ_mono.add_const _, hn _ le_add_self, hφV⟩ #align filter.tendsto.subseq_mem_entourage Filter.Tendsto.subseq_mem_entourage theorem tendsto_nhds_of_cauchySeq_of_subseq [Preorder β] {u : β → α} (hu : CauchySeq u) {ι : Type*} {f : ι → β} {p : Filter ι} [NeBot p] (hf : Tendsto f p atTop) {a : α} (ha : Tendsto (u ∘ f) p (𝓝 a)) : Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 a) := le_nhds_of_cauchy_adhp hu (mapClusterPt_of_comp hf ha) #align tendsto_nhds_of_cauchy_seq_of_subseq tendsto_nhds_of_cauchySeq_of_subseq theorem cauchySeq_shift {u : ℕ → α} (k : ℕ) : CauchySeq (fun n ↦ u (n + k)) ↔ CauchySeq u := by constructor <;> intro h · rw [cauchySeq_iff] at h ⊢ intro V mV obtain ⟨N, h⟩ := h V mV use N + k intro a ha b hb convert h (a - k) (Nat.le_sub_of_add_le ha) (b - k) (Nat.le_sub_of_add_le hb) <;> omega · exact h.comp_tendsto (tendsto_add_atTop_nat k) theorem Filter.HasBasis.cauchySeq_iff {γ} [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} {p : γ → Prop} {s : γ → Set (α × α)} (h : (𝓤 α).HasBasis p s) : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ i, p i → ∃ N, ∀ m, N ≤ m → ∀ n, N ≤ n → (u m, u n) ∈ s i := by rw [cauchySeq_iff_tendsto, ← prod_atTop_atTop_eq] refine (atTop_basis.prod_self.tendsto_iff h).trans ?_ simp only [exists_prop, true_and_iff, MapsTo, preimage, subset_def, Prod.forall, mem_prod_eq, mem_setOf_eq, mem_Ici, and_imp, Prod.map, ge_iff_le, @forall_swap (_ ≤ _) β] #align filter.has_basis.cauchy_seq_iff Filter.HasBasis.cauchySeq_iff theorem Filter.HasBasis.cauchySeq_iff' {γ} [Nonempty β] [SemilatticeSup β] {u : β → α} {p : γ → Prop} {s : γ → Set (α × α)} (H : (𝓤 α).HasBasis p s) : CauchySeq u ↔ ∀ i, p i → ∃ N, ∀ n ≥ N, (u n, u N) ∈ s i := by refine H.cauchySeq_iff.trans ⟨fun h i hi => ?_, fun h i hi => ?_⟩ · exact (h i hi).imp fun N hN n hn => hN n hn N le_rfl · rcases comp_symm_of_uniformity (H.mem_of_mem hi) with ⟨t, ht, ht', hts⟩ rcases H.mem_iff.1 ht with ⟨j, hj, hjt⟩ refine (h j hj).imp fun N hN m hm n hn => hts ⟨u N, hjt ?_, ht' <| hjt ?_⟩ exacts [hN m hm, hN n hn] #align filter.has_basis.cauchy_seq_iff' Filter.HasBasis.cauchySeq_iff' theorem cauchySeq_of_controlled [SemilatticeSup β] [Nonempty β] (U : β → Set (α × α)) (hU : ∀ s ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ n, U n ⊆ s) {f : β → α} (hf : ∀ ⦃N m n : β⦄, N ≤ m → N ≤ n → (f m, f n) ∈ U N) : CauchySeq f := -- Porting note: changed to semi-implicit arguments cauchySeq_iff_tendsto.2 (by intro s hs rw [mem_map, mem_atTop_sets] cases' hU s hs with N hN refine ⟨(N, N), fun mn hmn => ?_⟩ cases' mn with m n exact hN (hf hmn.1 hmn.2)) #align cauchy_seq_of_controlled cauchySeq_of_controlled theorem isComplete_iff_clusterPt {s : Set α} : IsComplete s ↔ ∀ l, Cauchy l → l ≤ 𝓟 s → ∃ x ∈ s, ClusterPt x l := forall₃_congr fun _ hl _ => exists_congr fun _ => and_congr_right fun _ => le_nhds_iff_adhp_of_cauchy hl #align is_complete_iff_cluster_pt isComplete_iff_clusterPt theorem isComplete_iff_ultrafilter {s : Set α} : IsComplete s ↔ ∀ l : Ultrafilter α, Cauchy (l : Filter α) → ↑l ≤ 𝓟 s → ∃ x ∈ s, ↑l ≤ 𝓝 x := by refine ⟨fun h l => h l, fun H => isComplete_iff_clusterPt.2 fun l hl hls => ?_⟩ haveI := hl.1 rcases H (Ultrafilter.of l) hl.ultrafilter_of ((Ultrafilter.of_le l).trans hls) with ⟨x, hxs, hxl⟩ exact ⟨x, hxs, (ClusterPt.of_le_nhds hxl).mono (Ultrafilter.of_le l)⟩ #align is_complete_iff_ultrafilter isComplete_iff_ultrafilter theorem isComplete_iff_ultrafilter' {s : Set α} : IsComplete s ↔ ∀ l : Ultrafilter α, Cauchy (l : Filter α) → s ∈ l → ∃ x ∈ s, ↑l ≤ 𝓝 x := isComplete_iff_ultrafilter.trans <| by simp only [le_principal_iff, Ultrafilter.mem_coe] #align is_complete_iff_ultrafilter' isComplete_iff_ultrafilter' protected theorem IsComplete.union {s t : Set α} (hs : IsComplete s) (ht : IsComplete t) : IsComplete (s ∪ t) := by simp only [isComplete_iff_ultrafilter', Ultrafilter.union_mem_iff, or_imp] at * exact fun l hl => ⟨fun hsl => (hs l hl hsl).imp fun x hx => ⟨Or.inl hx.1, hx.2⟩, fun htl => (ht l hl htl).imp fun x hx => ⟨Or.inr hx.1, hx.2⟩⟩ #align is_complete.union IsComplete.union theorem isComplete_iUnion_separated {ι : Sort*} {s : ι → Set α} (hs : ∀ i, IsComplete (s i)) {U : Set (α × α)} (hU : U ∈ 𝓤 α) (hd : ∀ (i j : ι), ∀ x ∈ s i, ∀ y ∈ s j, (x, y) ∈ U → i = j) : IsComplete (⋃ i, s i) := by set S := ⋃ i, s i intro l hl hls rw [le_principal_iff] at hls cases' cauchy_iff.1 hl with hl_ne hl' obtain ⟨t, htS, htl, htU⟩ : ∃ t, t ⊆ S ∧ t ∈ l ∧ t ×ˢ t ⊆ U := by rcases hl' U hU with ⟨t, htl, htU⟩ refine ⟨t ∩ S, inter_subset_right, inter_mem htl hls, Subset.trans ?_ htU⟩ gcongr <;> apply inter_subset_left obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ : ∃ i, t ⊆ s i := by rcases Filter.nonempty_of_mem htl with ⟨x, hx⟩ rcases mem_iUnion.1 (htS hx) with ⟨i, hi⟩ refine ⟨i, fun y hy => ?_⟩ rcases mem_iUnion.1 (htS hy) with ⟨j, hj⟩ rwa [hd i j x hi y hj (htU <| mk_mem_prod hx hy)] rcases hs i l hl (le_principal_iff.2 <| mem_of_superset htl hi) with ⟨x, hxs, hlx⟩ exact ⟨x, mem_iUnion.2 ⟨i, hxs⟩, hlx⟩ #align is_complete_Union_separated isComplete_iUnion_separated class CompleteSpace (α : Type u) [UniformSpace α] : Prop where complete : ∀ {f : Filter α}, Cauchy f → ∃ x, f ≤ 𝓝 x #align complete_space CompleteSpace theorem complete_univ {α : Type u} [UniformSpace α] [CompleteSpace α] : IsComplete (univ : Set α) := fun f hf _ => by rcases CompleteSpace.complete hf with ⟨x, hx⟩ exact ⟨x, mem_univ x, hx⟩ #align complete_univ complete_univ instance CompleteSpace.prod [UniformSpace β] [CompleteSpace α] [CompleteSpace β] : CompleteSpace (α × β) where complete hf := let ⟨x1, hx1⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete <| hf.map uniformContinuous_fst let ⟨x2, hx2⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete <| hf.map uniformContinuous_snd ⟨(x1, x2), by rw [nhds_prod_eq, le_prod]; constructor <;> assumption⟩ #align complete_space.prod CompleteSpace.prod lemma CompleteSpace.fst_of_prod [UniformSpace β] [CompleteSpace (α × β)] [h : Nonempty β] : CompleteSpace α where complete hf := let ⟨y⟩ := h let ⟨(a, b), hab⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete <| hf.prod <| cauchy_pure (a := y) ⟨a, by simpa only [map_fst_prod, nhds_prod_eq] using map_mono (m := Prod.fst) hab⟩ lemma CompleteSpace.snd_of_prod [UniformSpace β] [CompleteSpace (α × β)] [h : Nonempty α] : CompleteSpace β where complete hf := let ⟨x⟩ := h let ⟨(a, b), hab⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete <| (cauchy_pure (a := x)).prod hf ⟨b, by simpa only [map_snd_prod, nhds_prod_eq] using map_mono (m := Prod.snd) hab⟩ lemma completeSpace_prod_of_nonempty [UniformSpace β] [Nonempty α] [Nonempty β] : CompleteSpace (α × β) ↔ CompleteSpace α ∧ CompleteSpace β := ⟨fun _ ↦ ⟨.fst_of_prod (β := β), .snd_of_prod (α := α)⟩, fun ⟨_, _⟩ ↦ .prod⟩ @[to_additive] instance CompleteSpace.mulOpposite [CompleteSpace α] : CompleteSpace αᵐᵒᵖ where complete hf := MulOpposite.op_surjective.exists.mpr <| let ⟨x, hx⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete (hf.map MulOpposite.uniformContinuous_unop) ⟨x, (map_le_iff_le_comap.mp hx).trans_eq <| MulOpposite.comap_unop_nhds _⟩ #align complete_space.mul_opposite CompleteSpace.mulOpposite #align complete_space.add_opposite CompleteSpace.addOpposite theorem completeSpace_of_isComplete_univ (h : IsComplete (univ : Set α)) : CompleteSpace α := ⟨fun hf => let ⟨x, _, hx⟩ := h _ hf ((@principal_univ α).symm ▸ le_top); ⟨x, hx⟩⟩ #align complete_space_of_is_complete_univ completeSpace_of_isComplete_univ theorem completeSpace_iff_isComplete_univ : CompleteSpace α ↔ IsComplete (univ : Set α) := ⟨@complete_univ α _, completeSpace_of_isComplete_univ⟩ #align complete_space_iff_is_complete_univ completeSpace_iff_isComplete_univ theorem completeSpace_iff_ultrafilter : CompleteSpace α ↔ ∀ l : Ultrafilter α, Cauchy (l : Filter α) → ∃ x : α, ↑l ≤ 𝓝 x := by simp [completeSpace_iff_isComplete_univ, isComplete_iff_ultrafilter] #align complete_space_iff_ultrafilter completeSpace_iff_ultrafilter theorem cauchy_iff_exists_le_nhds [CompleteSpace α] {l : Filter α} [NeBot l] : Cauchy l ↔ ∃ x, l ≤ 𝓝 x := ⟨CompleteSpace.complete, fun ⟨_, hx⟩ => cauchy_nhds.mono hx⟩ #align cauchy_iff_exists_le_nhds cauchy_iff_exists_le_nhds theorem cauchy_map_iff_exists_tendsto [CompleteSpace α] {l : Filter β} {f : β → α} [NeBot l] : Cauchy (l.map f) ↔ ∃ x, Tendsto f l (𝓝 x) := cauchy_iff_exists_le_nhds #align cauchy_map_iff_exists_tendsto cauchy_map_iff_exists_tendsto theorem cauchySeq_tendsto_of_complete [Preorder β] [CompleteSpace α] {u : β → α} (H : CauchySeq u) : ∃ x, Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 x) := CompleteSpace.complete H #align cauchy_seq_tendsto_of_complete cauchySeq_tendsto_of_complete theorem cauchySeq_tendsto_of_isComplete [Preorder β] {K : Set α} (h₁ : IsComplete K) {u : β → α} (h₂ : ∀ n, u n ∈ K) (h₃ : CauchySeq u) : ∃ v ∈ K, Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 v) := h₁ _ h₃ <| le_principal_iff.2 <| mem_map_iff_exists_image.2 ⟨univ, univ_mem, by rwa [image_univ, range_subset_iff]⟩ #align cauchy_seq_tendsto_of_is_complete cauchySeq_tendsto_of_isComplete theorem Cauchy.le_nhds_lim [CompleteSpace α] {f : Filter α} (hf : Cauchy f) : haveI := hf.1.nonempty; f ≤ 𝓝 (lim f) := _root_.le_nhds_lim (CompleteSpace.complete hf) set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align cauchy.le_nhds_Lim Cauchy.le_nhds_lim theorem CauchySeq.tendsto_limUnder [Preorder β] [CompleteSpace α] {u : β → α} (h : CauchySeq u) : haveI := h.1.nonempty; Tendsto u atTop (𝓝 <| limUnder atTop u) := h.le_nhds_lim #align cauchy_seq.tendsto_lim CauchySeq.tendsto_limUnder theorem IsClosed.isComplete [CompleteSpace α] {s : Set α} (h : IsClosed s) : IsComplete s := fun _ cf fs => let ⟨x, hx⟩ := CompleteSpace.complete cf ⟨x, isClosed_iff_clusterPt.mp h x (cf.left.mono (le_inf hx fs)), hx⟩ #align is_closed.is_complete IsClosed.isComplete def TotallyBounded (s : Set α) : Prop := ∀ d ∈ 𝓤 α, ∃ t : Set α, t.Finite ∧ s ⊆ ⋃ y ∈ t, { x | (x, y) ∈ d } #align totally_bounded TotallyBounded
Mathlib/Topology/UniformSpace/Cauchy.lean
516
530
theorem TotallyBounded.exists_subset {s : Set α} (hs : TotallyBounded s) {U : Set (α × α)} (hU : U ∈ 𝓤 α) : ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ Set.Finite t ∧ s ⊆ ⋃ y ∈ t, { x | (x, y) ∈ U } := by
rcases comp_symm_of_uniformity hU with ⟨r, hr, rs, rU⟩ rcases hs r hr with ⟨k, fk, ks⟩ let u := k ∩ { y | ∃ x ∈ s, (x, y) ∈ r } choose f hfs hfr using fun x : u => x.coe_prop.2 refine ⟨range f, ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact range_subset_iff.2 hfs · haveI : Fintype u := (fk.inter_of_left _).fintype exact finite_range f · intro x xs obtain ⟨y, hy, xy⟩ := mem_iUnion₂.1 (ks xs) rw [biUnion_range, mem_iUnion] set z : ↥u := ⟨y, hy, ⟨x, xs, xy⟩⟩ exact ⟨z, rU <| mem_compRel.2 ⟨y, xy, rs (hfr z)⟩⟩
import Mathlib.Order.RelClasses import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Basic #align_import order.bounded from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"aba57d4d3dae35460225919dcd82fe91355162f9" namespace Set variable {α : Type*} {r : α → α → Prop} {s t : Set α} theorem Bounded.mono (hst : s ⊆ t) (hs : Bounded r t) : Bounded r s := hs.imp fun _ ha b hb => ha b (hst hb) #align set.bounded.mono Set.Bounded.mono theorem Unbounded.mono (hst : s ⊆ t) (hs : Unbounded r s) : Unbounded r t := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := hs a ⟨b, hst hb, hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded.mono Set.Unbounded.mono theorem unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a < b) : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => hba.not_lt hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt Set.unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt theorem unbounded_le_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a < b := by simp only [Unbounded, not_le] #align set.unbounded_le_iff Set.unbounded_le_iff theorem unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a ≤ b) : Unbounded (· < ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => hba.not_le hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le Set.unbounded_lt_of_forall_exists_le theorem unbounded_lt_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· < ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, a ≤ b := by simp only [Unbounded, not_lt] #align set.unbounded_lt_iff Set.unbounded_lt_iff theorem unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b < a) : Unbounded (· ≥ ·) s := @unbounded_le_of_forall_exists_lt αᵒᵈ _ _ h #align set.unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt Set.unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt theorem unbounded_ge_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· ≥ ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b < a := ⟨fun h a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, lt_of_not_ge hba⟩, unbounded_ge_of_forall_exists_gt⟩ #align set.unbounded_ge_iff Set.unbounded_ge_iff theorem unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge [Preorder α] (h : ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b ≤ a) : Unbounded (· > ·) s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba => not_le_of_gt hba hb'⟩ #align set.unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge Set.unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge theorem unbounded_gt_iff [LinearOrder α] : Unbounded (· > ·) s ↔ ∀ a, ∃ b ∈ s, b ≤ a := ⟨fun h a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, le_of_not_gt hba⟩, unbounded_gt_of_forall_exists_ge⟩ #align set.unbounded_gt_iff Set.unbounded_gt_iff theorem Bounded.rel_mono {r' : α → α → Prop} (h : Bounded r s) (hrr' : r ≤ r') : Bounded r' s := let ⟨a, ha⟩ := h ⟨a, fun b hb => hrr' b a (ha b hb)⟩ #align set.bounded.rel_mono Set.Bounded.rel_mono theorem bounded_le_of_bounded_lt [Preorder α] (h : Bounded (· < ·) s) : Bounded (· ≤ ·) s := h.rel_mono fun _ _ => le_of_lt #align set.bounded_le_of_bounded_lt Set.bounded_le_of_bounded_lt theorem Unbounded.rel_mono {r' : α → α → Prop} (hr : r' ≤ r) (h : Unbounded r s) : Unbounded r' s := fun a => let ⟨b, hb, hba⟩ := h a ⟨b, hb, fun hba' => hba (hr b a hba')⟩ #align set.unbounded.rel_mono Set.Unbounded.rel_mono theorem unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le [Preorder α] (h : Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s) : Unbounded (· < ·) s := h.rel_mono fun _ _ => le_of_lt #align set.unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le Set.unbounded_lt_of_unbounded_le theorem bounded_le_iff_bounded_lt [Preorder α] [NoMaxOrder α] : Bounded (· ≤ ·) s ↔ Bounded (· < ·) s := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, bounded_le_of_bounded_lt⟩ cases' h with a ha cases' exists_gt a with b hb exact ⟨b, fun c hc => lt_of_le_of_lt (ha c hc) hb⟩ #align set.bounded_le_iff_bounded_lt Set.bounded_le_iff_bounded_lt
Mathlib/Order/Bounded.lean
116
118
theorem unbounded_lt_iff_unbounded_le [Preorder α] [NoMaxOrder α] : Unbounded (· < ·) s ↔ Unbounded (· ≤ ·) s := by
simp_rw [← not_bounded_iff, bounded_le_iff_bounded_lt]
import Mathlib.AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.Homotopies import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring #align_import algebraic_topology.dold_kan.faces from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"32a7e535287f9c73f2e4d2aef306a39190f0b504" open CategoryTheory CategoryTheory.Limits CategoryTheory.Category CategoryTheory.Preadditive CategoryTheory.SimplicialObject Simplicial namespace AlgebraicTopology namespace DoldKan variable {C : Type*} [Category C] [Preadditive C] variable {X : SimplicialObject C} def HigherFacesVanish {Y : C} {n : ℕ} (q : ℕ) (φ : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1]) : Prop := ∀ j : Fin (n + 1), n + 1 ≤ (j : ℕ) + q → φ ≫ X.δ j.succ = 0 #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.higher_faces_vanish AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.HigherFacesVanish namespace HigherFacesVanish @[reassoc] theorem comp_δ_eq_zero {Y : C} {n : ℕ} {q : ℕ} {φ : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1]} (v : HigherFacesVanish q φ) (j : Fin (n + 2)) (hj₁ : j ≠ 0) (hj₂ : n + 2 ≤ (j : ℕ) + q) : φ ≫ X.δ j = 0 := by obtain ⟨i, rfl⟩ := Fin.eq_succ_of_ne_zero hj₁ apply v i simp only [Fin.val_succ] at hj₂ omega #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.higher_faces_vanish.comp_δ_eq_zero AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.HigherFacesVanish.comp_δ_eq_zero theorem of_succ {Y : C} {n q : ℕ} {φ : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1]} (v : HigherFacesVanish (q + 1) φ) : HigherFacesVanish q φ := fun j hj => v j (by simpa only [← add_assoc] using le_add_right hj) #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.higher_faces_vanish.of_succ AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.HigherFacesVanish.of_succ theorem of_comp {Y Z : C} {q n : ℕ} {φ : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1]} (v : HigherFacesVanish q φ) (f : Z ⟶ Y) : HigherFacesVanish q (f ≫ φ) := fun j hj => by rw [assoc, v j hj, comp_zero] #align algebraic_topology.dold_kan.higher_faces_vanish.of_comp AlgebraicTopology.DoldKan.HigherFacesVanish.of_comp
Mathlib/AlgebraicTopology/DoldKan/Faces.lean
69
139
theorem comp_Hσ_eq {Y : C} {n a q : ℕ} {φ : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1]} (v : HigherFacesVanish q φ) (hnaq : n = a + q) : φ ≫ (Hσ q).f (n + 1) = -φ ≫ X.δ ⟨a + 1, Nat.succ_lt_succ (Nat.lt_succ_iff.mpr (Nat.le.intro hnaq.symm))⟩ ≫ X.σ ⟨a, Nat.lt_succ_iff.mpr (Nat.le.intro hnaq.symm)⟩ := by
have hnaq_shift : ∀ d : ℕ, n + d = a + d + q := by intro d rw [add_assoc, add_comm d, ← add_assoc, hnaq] rw [Hσ, Homotopy.nullHomotopicMap'_f (c_mk (n + 2) (n + 1) rfl) (c_mk (n + 1) n rfl), hσ'_eq hnaq (c_mk (n + 1) n rfl), hσ'_eq (hnaq_shift 1) (c_mk (n + 2) (n + 1) rfl)] simp only [AlternatingFaceMapComplex.obj_d_eq, eqToHom_refl, comp_id, comp_sum, sum_comp, comp_add] simp only [comp_zsmul, zsmul_comp, ← assoc, ← mul_zsmul] -- cleaning up the first sum rw [← Fin.sum_congr' _ (hnaq_shift 2).symm, Fin.sum_trunc] swap · rintro ⟨k, hk⟩ suffices φ ≫ X.δ (⟨a + 2 + k, by omega⟩ : Fin (n + 2)) = 0 by simp only [this, Fin.natAdd_mk, Fin.cast_mk, zero_comp, smul_zero] convert v ⟨a + k + 1, by omega⟩ (by rw [Fin.val_mk]; omega) dsimp omega -- cleaning up the second sum rw [← Fin.sum_congr' _ (hnaq_shift 3).symm, @Fin.sum_trunc _ _ (a + 3)] swap · rintro ⟨k, hk⟩ rw [assoc, X.δ_comp_σ_of_gt', v.comp_δ_eq_zero_assoc, zero_comp, zsmul_zero] · simp only [Fin.lt_iff_val_lt_val] dsimp [Fin.natAdd, Fin.cast] omega · intro h rw [Fin.pred_eq_iff_eq_succ, Fin.ext_iff] at h dsimp [Fin.cast] at h omega · dsimp [Fin.cast, Fin.pred] rw [Nat.add_right_comm, Nat.add_sub_assoc (by norm_num : 1 ≤ 3)] omega simp only [assoc] conv_lhs => congr · rw [Fin.sum_univ_castSucc] · rw [Fin.sum_univ_castSucc, Fin.sum_univ_castSucc] dsimp [Fin.cast, Fin.castLE, Fin.castLT] /- the purpose of the following `simplif` is to create three subgoals in order to finish the proof -/ have simplif : ∀ a b c d e f : Y ⟶ X _[n + 1], b = f → d + e = 0 → c + a = 0 → a + b + (c + d + e) = f := by intro a b c d e f h1 h2 h3 rw [add_assoc c d e, h2, add_zero, add_comm a, add_assoc, add_comm a, h3, add_zero, h1] apply simplif · -- b = f rw [← pow_add, Odd.neg_one_pow, neg_smul, one_zsmul] exact ⟨a, by omega⟩ · -- d + e = 0 rw [X.δ_comp_σ_self' (Fin.castSucc_mk _ _ _).symm, X.δ_comp_σ_succ' (Fin.succ_mk _ _ _).symm] simp only [comp_id, pow_add _ (a + 1) 1, pow_one, mul_neg, mul_one, neg_mul, neg_smul, add_right_neg] · -- c + a = 0 rw [← Finset.sum_add_distrib] apply Finset.sum_eq_zero rintro ⟨i, hi⟩ _ simp only have hia : (⟨i, by omega⟩ : Fin (n + 2)) ≤ Fin.castSucc (⟨a, by omega⟩ : Fin (n + 1)) := by rw [Fin.le_iff_val_le_val] dsimp omega erw [δ_comp_σ_of_le X hia, add_eq_zero_iff_eq_neg, ← neg_zsmul] congr 2 ring
import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.Matrix import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Matrix.SesquilinearForm import Mathlib.Tactic.NoncommRing #align_import algebra.lie.skew_adjoint from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"075b3f7d19b9da85a0b54b3e33055a74fc388dec" universe u v w w₁ section SkewAdjointEndomorphisms open LinearMap (BilinForm) variable {R : Type u} {M : Type v} [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] variable (B : BilinForm R M) -- Porting note: Changed `(f g)` to `{f g}` for convenience in `skewAdjointLieSubalgebra` theorem LinearMap.BilinForm.isSkewAdjoint_bracket {f g : Module.End R M} (hf : f ∈ B.skewAdjointSubmodule) (hg : g ∈ B.skewAdjointSubmodule) : ⁅f, g⁆ ∈ B.skewAdjointSubmodule := by rw [mem_skewAdjointSubmodule] at * have hfg : IsAdjointPair B B (f * g) (g * f) := by rw [← neg_mul_neg g f]; exact hf.mul hg have hgf : IsAdjointPair B B (g * f) (f * g) := by rw [← neg_mul_neg f g]; exact hg.mul hf change IsAdjointPair B B (f * g - g * f) (-(f * g - g * f)); rw [neg_sub] exact hfg.sub hgf #align bilin_form.is_skew_adjoint_bracket LinearMap.BilinForm.isSkewAdjoint_bracket def skewAdjointLieSubalgebra : LieSubalgebra R (Module.End R M) := { B.skewAdjointSubmodule with lie_mem' := B.isSkewAdjoint_bracket } #align skew_adjoint_lie_subalgebra skewAdjointLieSubalgebra variable {N : Type w} [AddCommGroup N] [Module R N] (e : N ≃ₗ[R] M) def skewAdjointLieSubalgebraEquiv : skewAdjointLieSubalgebra (B.compl₁₂ (↑e : N →ₗ[R] M) ↑e) ≃ₗ⁅R⁆ skewAdjointLieSubalgebra B := by apply LieEquiv.ofSubalgebras _ _ e.lieConj ext f simp only [LieSubalgebra.mem_coe, Submodule.mem_map_equiv, LieSubalgebra.mem_map_submodule, LinearEquiv.coe_coe] exact (LinearMap.isPairSelfAdjoint_equiv (B := -B) (F := B) e f).symm #align skew_adjoint_lie_subalgebra_equiv skewAdjointLieSubalgebraEquiv @[simp]
Mathlib/Algebra/Lie/SkewAdjoint.lean
77
80
theorem skewAdjointLieSubalgebraEquiv_apply (f : skewAdjointLieSubalgebra (B.compl₁₂ (Qₗ := N) (Qₗ' := N) ↑e ↑e)) : ↑(skewAdjointLieSubalgebraEquiv B e f) = e.lieConj f := by
simp [skewAdjointLieSubalgebraEquiv]
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.ModularForms.SlashInvariantForms import Mathlib.NumberTheory.ModularForms.CongruenceSubgroups noncomputable section open ModularForm UpperHalfPlane Matrix namespace SlashInvariantForm
Mathlib/NumberTheory/ModularForms/Identities.lean
22
32
theorem vAdd_width_periodic (N : ℕ) (k n : ℤ) (f : SlashInvariantForm (Gamma N) k) (z : ℍ) : f (((N * n) : ℝ) +ᵥ z) = f z := by
norm_cast rw [← modular_T_zpow_smul z (N * n)] have Hn := (ModularGroup_T_pow_mem_Gamma N (N * n) (by simp)) simp only [zpow_natCast, Int.natAbs_ofNat] at Hn convert (SlashInvariantForm.slash_action_eqn' k (Gamma N) f ⟨((ModularGroup.T ^ (N * n))), Hn⟩ z) unfold SpecialLinearGroup.coeToGL simp only [Fin.isValue, ModularGroup.coe_T_zpow (N * n), of_apply, cons_val', cons_val_zero, empty_val', cons_val_fin_one, cons_val_one, head_fin_const, Int.cast_zero, zero_mul, head_cons, Int.cast_one, zero_add, one_zpow, one_mul]
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.EqToHom import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Pi.Basic import Mathlib.Data.ULift #align_import category_theory.discrete_category from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"369525b73f229ccd76a6ec0e0e0bf2be57599768" namespace CategoryTheory -- morphism levels before object levels. See note [CategoryTheory universes]. universe v₁ v₂ v₃ u₁ u₁' u₂ u₃ -- This is intentionally a structure rather than a type synonym -- to enforce using `DiscreteEquiv` (or `Discrete.mk` and `Discrete.as`) to move between -- `Discrete α` and `α`. Otherwise there is too much API leakage. @[ext, aesop safe cases (rule_sets := [CategoryTheory])] structure Discrete (α : Type u₁) where as : α #align category_theory.discrete CategoryTheory.Discrete @[simp]
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/DiscreteCategory.lean
56
57
theorem Discrete.mk_as {α : Type u₁} (X : Discrete α) : Discrete.mk X.as = X := by
rfl
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Ring.Int import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.Order import Mathlib.Order.UpperLower.Basic open Set namespace Nat @[simp] theorem range_cast_int : range ((↑) : ℕ → ℤ) = Ici 0 := Subset.antisymm (range_subset_iff.2 Int.ofNat_nonneg) CanLift.prf theorem image_cast_int_Icc (a b : ℕ) : (↑) '' Icc a b = Icc (a : ℤ) b := (castOrderEmbedding (α := ℤ)).image_Icc (by simp [ordConnected_Ici]) a b theorem image_cast_int_Ico (a b : ℕ) : (↑) '' Ico a b = Ico (a : ℤ) b := (castOrderEmbedding (α := ℤ)).image_Ico (by simp [ordConnected_Ici]) a b theorem image_cast_int_Ioc (a b : ℕ) : (↑) '' Ioc a b = Ioc (a : ℤ) b := (castOrderEmbedding (α := ℤ)).image_Ioc (by simp [ordConnected_Ici]) a b theorem image_cast_int_Ioo (a b : ℕ) : (↑) '' Ioo a b = Ioo (a : ℤ) b := (castOrderEmbedding (α := ℤ)).image_Ioo (by simp [ordConnected_Ici]) a b
Mathlib/Data/Nat/Cast/SetInterval.lean
37
38
theorem image_cast_int_Iic (a : ℕ) : (↑) '' Iic a = Icc (0 : ℤ) a := by
rw [← Icc_bot, image_cast_int_Icc]; rfl
import Mathlib.Algebra.Star.Order import Mathlib.Data.Matrix.Basic import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.StdBasis #align_import linear_algebra.matrix.dot_product from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"31c24aa72e7b3e5ed97a8412470e904f82b81004" variable {m n p R : Type*} namespace Matrix section Semiring variable [Semiring R] [Fintype n] @[simp]
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Matrix/DotProduct.lean
41
45
theorem dotProduct_stdBasis_eq_mul [DecidableEq n] (v : n → R) (c : R) (i : n) : dotProduct v (LinearMap.stdBasis R (fun _ => R) i c) = v i * c := by
rw [dotProduct, Finset.sum_eq_single i, LinearMap.stdBasis_same] · exact fun _ _ hb => by rw [LinearMap.stdBasis_ne _ _ _ _ hb, mul_zero] · exact fun hi => False.elim (hi <| Finset.mem_univ _)
import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Order.Bounded import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.PartENat import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.Principal import Mathlib.Tactic.Linarith #align_import set_theory.cardinal.ordinal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7c2ce0c2da15516b4e65d0c9e254bb6dc93abd1f" noncomputable section open Function Set Cardinal Equiv Order Ordinal open scoped Classical universe u v w namespace Cardinal section UsingOrdinals theorem ord_isLimit {c} (co : ℵ₀ ≤ c) : (ord c).IsLimit := by refine ⟨fun h => aleph0_ne_zero ?_, fun a => lt_imp_lt_of_le_imp_le fun h => ?_⟩ · rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, ord_le] at h simpa only [card_zero, nonpos_iff_eq_zero] using co.trans h · rw [ord_le] at h ⊢ rwa [← @add_one_of_aleph0_le (card a), ← card_succ] rw [← ord_le, ← le_succ_of_isLimit, ord_le] · exact co.trans h · rw [ord_aleph0] exact omega_isLimit #align cardinal.ord_is_limit Cardinal.ord_isLimit theorem noMaxOrder {c} (h : ℵ₀ ≤ c) : NoMaxOrder c.ord.out.α := Ordinal.out_no_max_of_succ_lt (ord_isLimit h).2 section aleph def alephIdx.initialSeg : @InitialSeg Cardinal Ordinal (· < ·) (· < ·) := @RelEmbedding.collapse Cardinal Ordinal (· < ·) (· < ·) _ Cardinal.ord.orderEmbedding.ltEmbedding #align cardinal.aleph_idx.initial_seg Cardinal.alephIdx.initialSeg def alephIdx : Cardinal → Ordinal := alephIdx.initialSeg #align cardinal.aleph_idx Cardinal.alephIdx @[simp] theorem alephIdx.initialSeg_coe : (alephIdx.initialSeg : Cardinal → Ordinal) = alephIdx := rfl #align cardinal.aleph_idx.initial_seg_coe Cardinal.alephIdx.initialSeg_coe @[simp] theorem alephIdx_lt {a b} : alephIdx a < alephIdx b ↔ a < b := alephIdx.initialSeg.toRelEmbedding.map_rel_iff #align cardinal.aleph_idx_lt Cardinal.alephIdx_lt @[simp] theorem alephIdx_le {a b} : alephIdx a ≤ alephIdx b ↔ a ≤ b := by rw [← not_lt, ← not_lt, alephIdx_lt] #align cardinal.aleph_idx_le Cardinal.alephIdx_le theorem alephIdx.init {a b} : b < alephIdx a → ∃ c, alephIdx c = b := alephIdx.initialSeg.init #align cardinal.aleph_idx.init Cardinal.alephIdx.init def alephIdx.relIso : @RelIso Cardinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· < ·) (· < ·) := @RelIso.ofSurjective Cardinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· < ·) (· < ·) alephIdx.initialSeg.{u} <| (InitialSeg.eq_or_principal alephIdx.initialSeg.{u}).resolve_right fun ⟨o, e⟩ => by have : ∀ c, alephIdx c < o := fun c => (e _).2 ⟨_, rfl⟩ refine Ordinal.inductionOn o ?_ this; intro α r _ h let s := ⨆ a, invFun alephIdx (Ordinal.typein r a) apply (lt_succ s).not_le have I : Injective.{u+2, u+2} alephIdx := alephIdx.initialSeg.toEmbedding.injective simpa only [typein_enum, leftInverse_invFun I (succ s)] using le_ciSup (Cardinal.bddAbove_range.{u, u} fun a : α => invFun alephIdx (Ordinal.typein r a)) (Ordinal.enum r _ (h (succ s))) #align cardinal.aleph_idx.rel_iso Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso @[simp] theorem alephIdx.relIso_coe : (alephIdx.relIso : Cardinal → Ordinal) = alephIdx := rfl #align cardinal.aleph_idx.rel_iso_coe Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso_coe @[simp] theorem type_cardinal : @type Cardinal (· < ·) _ = Ordinal.univ.{u, u + 1} := by rw [Ordinal.univ_id]; exact Quotient.sound ⟨alephIdx.relIso⟩ #align cardinal.type_cardinal Cardinal.type_cardinal @[simp] theorem mk_cardinal : #Cardinal = univ.{u, u + 1} := by simpa only [card_type, card_univ] using congr_arg card type_cardinal #align cardinal.mk_cardinal Cardinal.mk_cardinal def Aleph'.relIso := Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso.symm #align cardinal.aleph'.rel_iso Cardinal.Aleph'.relIso def aleph' : Ordinal → Cardinal := Aleph'.relIso #align cardinal.aleph' Cardinal.aleph' @[simp] theorem aleph'.relIso_coe : (Aleph'.relIso : Ordinal → Cardinal) = aleph' := rfl #align cardinal.aleph'.rel_iso_coe Cardinal.aleph'.relIso_coe @[simp] theorem aleph'_lt {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal} : aleph' o₁ < aleph' o₂ ↔ o₁ < o₂ := Aleph'.relIso.map_rel_iff #align cardinal.aleph'_lt Cardinal.aleph'_lt @[simp] theorem aleph'_le {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal} : aleph' o₁ ≤ aleph' o₂ ↔ o₁ ≤ o₂ := le_iff_le_iff_lt_iff_lt.2 aleph'_lt #align cardinal.aleph'_le Cardinal.aleph'_le @[simp] theorem aleph'_alephIdx (c : Cardinal) : aleph' c.alephIdx = c := Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso.toEquiv.symm_apply_apply c #align cardinal.aleph'_aleph_idx Cardinal.aleph'_alephIdx @[simp] theorem alephIdx_aleph' (o : Ordinal) : (aleph' o).alephIdx = o := Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso.toEquiv.apply_symm_apply o #align cardinal.aleph_idx_aleph' Cardinal.alephIdx_aleph' @[simp] theorem aleph'_zero : aleph' 0 = 0 := by rw [← nonpos_iff_eq_zero, ← aleph'_alephIdx 0, aleph'_le] apply Ordinal.zero_le #align cardinal.aleph'_zero Cardinal.aleph'_zero @[simp] theorem aleph'_succ {o : Ordinal} : aleph' (succ o) = succ (aleph' o) := by apply (succ_le_of_lt <| aleph'_lt.2 <| lt_succ o).antisymm' (Cardinal.alephIdx_le.1 <| _) rw [alephIdx_aleph', succ_le_iff, ← aleph'_lt, aleph'_alephIdx] apply lt_succ #align cardinal.aleph'_succ Cardinal.aleph'_succ @[simp] theorem aleph'_nat : ∀ n : ℕ, aleph' n = n | 0 => aleph'_zero | n + 1 => show aleph' (succ n) = n.succ by rw [aleph'_succ, aleph'_nat n, nat_succ] #align cardinal.aleph'_nat Cardinal.aleph'_nat theorem aleph'_le_of_limit {o : Ordinal} (l : o.IsLimit) {c} : aleph' o ≤ c ↔ ∀ o' < o, aleph' o' ≤ c := ⟨fun h o' h' => (aleph'_le.2 <| h'.le).trans h, fun h => by rw [← aleph'_alephIdx c, aleph'_le, limit_le l] intro x h' rw [← aleph'_le, aleph'_alephIdx] exact h _ h'⟩ #align cardinal.aleph'_le_of_limit Cardinal.aleph'_le_of_limit theorem aleph'_limit {o : Ordinal} (ho : o.IsLimit) : aleph' o = ⨆ a : Iio o, aleph' a := by refine le_antisymm ?_ (ciSup_le' fun i => aleph'_le.2 (le_of_lt i.2)) rw [aleph'_le_of_limit ho] exact fun a ha => le_ciSup (bddAbove_of_small _) (⟨a, ha⟩ : Iio o) #align cardinal.aleph'_limit Cardinal.aleph'_limit @[simp] theorem aleph'_omega : aleph' ω = ℵ₀ := eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun c => by simp only [aleph'_le_of_limit omega_isLimit, lt_omega, exists_imp, aleph0_le] exact forall_swap.trans (forall_congr' fun n => by simp only [forall_eq, aleph'_nat]) #align cardinal.aleph'_omega Cardinal.aleph'_omega @[simp] def aleph'Equiv : Ordinal ≃ Cardinal := ⟨aleph', alephIdx, alephIdx_aleph', aleph'_alephIdx⟩ #align cardinal.aleph'_equiv Cardinal.aleph'Equiv def aleph (o : Ordinal) : Cardinal := aleph' (ω + o) #align cardinal.aleph Cardinal.aleph @[simp] theorem aleph_lt {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal} : aleph o₁ < aleph o₂ ↔ o₁ < o₂ := aleph'_lt.trans (add_lt_add_iff_left _) #align cardinal.aleph_lt Cardinal.aleph_lt @[simp] theorem aleph_le {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal} : aleph o₁ ≤ aleph o₂ ↔ o₁ ≤ o₂ := le_iff_le_iff_lt_iff_lt.2 aleph_lt #align cardinal.aleph_le Cardinal.aleph_le @[simp] theorem max_aleph_eq (o₁ o₂ : Ordinal) : max (aleph o₁) (aleph o₂) = aleph (max o₁ o₂) := by rcases le_total (aleph o₁) (aleph o₂) with h | h · rw [max_eq_right h, max_eq_right (aleph_le.1 h)] · rw [max_eq_left h, max_eq_left (aleph_le.1 h)] #align cardinal.max_aleph_eq Cardinal.max_aleph_eq @[simp] theorem aleph_succ {o : Ordinal} : aleph (succ o) = succ (aleph o) := by rw [aleph, add_succ, aleph'_succ, aleph] #align cardinal.aleph_succ Cardinal.aleph_succ @[simp] theorem aleph_zero : aleph 0 = ℵ₀ := by rw [aleph, add_zero, aleph'_omega] #align cardinal.aleph_zero Cardinal.aleph_zero theorem aleph_limit {o : Ordinal} (ho : o.IsLimit) : aleph o = ⨆ a : Iio o, aleph a := by apply le_antisymm _ (ciSup_le' _) · rw [aleph, aleph'_limit (ho.add _)] refine ciSup_mono' (bddAbove_of_small _) ?_ rintro ⟨i, hi⟩ cases' lt_or_le i ω with h h · rcases lt_omega.1 h with ⟨n, rfl⟩ use ⟨0, ho.pos⟩ simpa using (nat_lt_aleph0 n).le · exact ⟨⟨_, (sub_lt_of_le h).2 hi⟩, aleph'_le.2 (le_add_sub _ _)⟩ · exact fun i => aleph_le.2 (le_of_lt i.2) #align cardinal.aleph_limit Cardinal.aleph_limit theorem aleph0_le_aleph' {o : Ordinal} : ℵ₀ ≤ aleph' o ↔ ω ≤ o := by rw [← aleph'_omega, aleph'_le] #align cardinal.aleph_0_le_aleph' Cardinal.aleph0_le_aleph' theorem aleph0_le_aleph (o : Ordinal) : ℵ₀ ≤ aleph o := by rw [aleph, aleph0_le_aleph'] apply Ordinal.le_add_right #align cardinal.aleph_0_le_aleph Cardinal.aleph0_le_aleph
Mathlib/SetTheory/Cardinal/Ordinal.lean
298
298
theorem aleph'_pos {o : Ordinal} (ho : 0 < o) : 0 < aleph' o := by
rwa [← aleph'_zero, aleph'_lt]
import Mathlib.Data.List.Infix #align_import data.list.rdrop from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"26f081a2fb920140ed5bc5cc5344e84bcc7cb2b2" -- Make sure we don't import algebra assert_not_exists Monoid variable {α : Type*} (p : α → Bool) (l : List α) (n : ℕ) namespace List def rdrop : List α := l.take (l.length - n) #align list.rdrop List.rdrop @[simp] theorem rdrop_nil : rdrop ([] : List α) n = [] := by simp [rdrop] #align list.rdrop_nil List.rdrop_nil @[simp] theorem rdrop_zero : rdrop l 0 = l := by simp [rdrop] #align list.rdrop_zero List.rdrop_zero
Mathlib/Data/List/DropRight.lean
54
60
theorem rdrop_eq_reverse_drop_reverse : l.rdrop n = reverse (l.reverse.drop n) := by
rw [rdrop] induction' l using List.reverseRecOn with xs x IH generalizing n · simp · cases n · simp [take_append] · simp [take_append_eq_append_take, IH]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Angle import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Inverse #align_import analysis.special_functions.complex.arg from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2c1d8ca2812b64f88992a5294ea3dba144755cd1" open Filter Metric Set open scoped ComplexConjugate Real Topology namespace Complex variable {a x z : ℂ} noncomputable def arg (x : ℂ) : ℝ := if 0 ≤ x.re then Real.arcsin (x.im / abs x) else if 0 ≤ x.im then Real.arcsin ((-x).im / abs x) + π else Real.arcsin ((-x).im / abs x) - π #align complex.arg Complex.arg theorem sin_arg (x : ℂ) : Real.sin (arg x) = x.im / abs x := by unfold arg; split_ifs <;> simp [sub_eq_add_neg, arg, Real.sin_arcsin (abs_le.1 (abs_im_div_abs_le_one x)).1 (abs_le.1 (abs_im_div_abs_le_one x)).2, Real.sin_add, neg_div, Real.arcsin_neg, Real.sin_neg] #align complex.sin_arg Complex.sin_arg theorem cos_arg {x : ℂ} (hx : x ≠ 0) : Real.cos (arg x) = x.re / abs x := by rw [arg] split_ifs with h₁ h₂ · rw [Real.cos_arcsin] field_simp [Real.sqrt_sq, (abs.pos hx).le, *] · rw [Real.cos_add_pi, Real.cos_arcsin] field_simp [Real.sqrt_div (sq_nonneg _), Real.sqrt_sq_eq_abs, _root_.abs_of_neg (not_le.1 h₁), *] · rw [Real.cos_sub_pi, Real.cos_arcsin] field_simp [Real.sqrt_div (sq_nonneg _), Real.sqrt_sq_eq_abs, _root_.abs_of_neg (not_le.1 h₁), *] #align complex.cos_arg Complex.cos_arg @[simp] theorem abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I (x : ℂ) : ↑(abs x) * exp (arg x * I) = x := by rcases eq_or_ne x 0 with (rfl | hx) · simp · have : abs x ≠ 0 := abs.ne_zero hx apply Complex.ext <;> field_simp [sin_arg, cos_arg hx, this, mul_comm (abs x)] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I Complex.abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I @[simp] theorem abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I (x : ℂ) : (abs x * (cos (arg x) + sin (arg x) * I) : ℂ) = x := by rw [← exp_mul_I, abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I Complex.abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I @[simp] lemma abs_mul_cos_arg (x : ℂ) : abs x * Real.cos (arg x) = x.re := by simpa [-abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I] using congr_arg re (abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I x) @[simp] lemma abs_mul_sin_arg (x : ℂ) : abs x * Real.sin (arg x) = x.im := by simpa [-abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I] using congr_arg im (abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I x) theorem abs_eq_one_iff (z : ℂ) : abs z = 1 ↔ ∃ θ : ℝ, exp (θ * I) = z := by refine ⟨fun hz => ⟨arg z, ?_⟩, ?_⟩ · calc exp (arg z * I) = abs z * exp (arg z * I) := by rw [hz, ofReal_one, one_mul] _ = z := abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I z · rintro ⟨θ, rfl⟩ exact Complex.abs_exp_ofReal_mul_I θ #align complex.abs_eq_one_iff Complex.abs_eq_one_iff @[simp] theorem range_exp_mul_I : (Set.range fun x : ℝ => exp (x * I)) = Metric.sphere 0 1 := by ext x simp only [mem_sphere_zero_iff_norm, norm_eq_abs, abs_eq_one_iff, Set.mem_range] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.range_exp_mul_I Complex.range_exp_mul_I theorem arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) {θ : ℝ} (hθ : θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π) : arg (r * (cos θ + sin θ * I)) = θ := by simp only [arg, map_mul, abs_cos_add_sin_mul_I, abs_of_nonneg hr.le, mul_one] simp only [re_ofReal_mul, im_ofReal_mul, neg_im, ← ofReal_cos, ← ofReal_sin, ← mk_eq_add_mul_I, neg_div, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ hr.ne', mul_nonneg_iff_right_nonneg_of_pos hr] by_cases h₁ : θ ∈ Set.Icc (-(π / 2)) (π / 2) · rw [if_pos] exacts [Real.arcsin_sin' h₁, Real.cos_nonneg_of_mem_Icc h₁] · rw [Set.mem_Icc, not_and_or, not_le, not_le] at h₁ cases' h₁ with h₁ h₁ · replace hθ := hθ.1 have hcos : Real.cos θ < 0 := by rw [← neg_pos, ← Real.cos_add_pi] refine Real.cos_pos_of_mem_Ioo ⟨?_, ?_⟩ <;> linarith have hsin : Real.sin θ < 0 := Real.sin_neg_of_neg_of_neg_pi_lt (by linarith) hθ rw [if_neg, if_neg, ← Real.sin_add_pi, Real.arcsin_sin, add_sub_cancel_right] <;> [linarith; linarith; exact hsin.not_le; exact hcos.not_le] · replace hθ := hθ.2 have hcos : Real.cos θ < 0 := Real.cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt h₁ (by linarith) have hsin : 0 ≤ Real.sin θ := Real.sin_nonneg_of_mem_Icc ⟨by linarith, hθ⟩ rw [if_neg, if_pos, ← Real.sin_sub_pi, Real.arcsin_sin, sub_add_cancel] <;> [linarith; linarith; exact hsin; exact hcos.not_le] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I Complex.arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I theorem arg_cos_add_sin_mul_I {θ : ℝ} (hθ : θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π) : arg (cos θ + sin θ * I) = θ := by rw [← one_mul (_ + _), ← ofReal_one, arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I zero_lt_one hθ] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align complex.arg_cos_add_sin_mul_I Complex.arg_cos_add_sin_mul_I lemma arg_exp_mul_I (θ : ℝ) : arg (exp (θ * I)) = toIocMod (mul_pos two_pos Real.pi_pos) (-π) θ := by convert arg_cos_add_sin_mul_I (θ := toIocMod (mul_pos two_pos Real.pi_pos) (-π) θ) _ using 2 · rw [← exp_mul_I, eq_sub_of_add_eq $ toIocMod_add_toIocDiv_zsmul _ _ θ, ofReal_sub, ofReal_zsmul, ofReal_mul, ofReal_ofNat, exp_mul_I_periodic.sub_zsmul_eq] · convert toIocMod_mem_Ioc _ _ _ ring @[simp] theorem arg_zero : arg 0 = 0 := by simp [arg, le_refl] #align complex.arg_zero Complex.arg_zero theorem ext_abs_arg {x y : ℂ} (h₁ : abs x = abs y) (h₂ : x.arg = y.arg) : x = y := by rw [← abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I x, ← abs_mul_exp_arg_mul_I y, h₁, h₂] #align complex.ext_abs_arg Complex.ext_abs_arg theorem ext_abs_arg_iff {x y : ℂ} : x = y ↔ abs x = abs y ∧ arg x = arg y := ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨rfl, rfl⟩, and_imp.2 ext_abs_arg⟩ #align complex.ext_abs_arg_iff Complex.ext_abs_arg_iff theorem arg_mem_Ioc (z : ℂ) : arg z ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := by have hπ : 0 < π := Real.pi_pos rcases eq_or_ne z 0 with (rfl | hz) · simp [hπ, hπ.le] rcases existsUnique_add_zsmul_mem_Ioc Real.two_pi_pos (arg z) (-π) with ⟨N, hN, -⟩ rw [two_mul, neg_add_cancel_left, ← two_mul, zsmul_eq_mul] at hN rw [← abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I z, ← cos_add_int_mul_two_pi _ N, ← sin_add_int_mul_two_pi _ N] have := arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I (abs.pos hz) hN push_cast at this rwa [this] #align complex.arg_mem_Ioc Complex.arg_mem_Ioc @[simp] theorem range_arg : Set.range arg = Set.Ioc (-π) π := (Set.range_subset_iff.2 arg_mem_Ioc).antisymm fun _ hx => ⟨_, arg_cos_add_sin_mul_I hx⟩ #align complex.range_arg Complex.range_arg theorem arg_le_pi (x : ℂ) : arg x ≤ π := (arg_mem_Ioc x).2 #align complex.arg_le_pi Complex.arg_le_pi theorem neg_pi_lt_arg (x : ℂ) : -π < arg x := (arg_mem_Ioc x).1 #align complex.neg_pi_lt_arg Complex.neg_pi_lt_arg theorem abs_arg_le_pi (z : ℂ) : |arg z| ≤ π := abs_le.2 ⟨(neg_pi_lt_arg z).le, arg_le_pi z⟩ #align complex.abs_arg_le_pi Complex.abs_arg_le_pi @[simp] theorem arg_nonneg_iff {z : ℂ} : 0 ≤ arg z ↔ 0 ≤ z.im := by rcases eq_or_ne z 0 with (rfl | h₀); · simp calc 0 ≤ arg z ↔ 0 ≤ Real.sin (arg z) := ⟨fun h => Real.sin_nonneg_of_mem_Icc ⟨h, arg_le_pi z⟩, by contrapose! intro h exact Real.sin_neg_of_neg_of_neg_pi_lt h (neg_pi_lt_arg _)⟩ _ ↔ _ := by rw [sin_arg, le_div_iff (abs.pos h₀), zero_mul] #align complex.arg_nonneg_iff Complex.arg_nonneg_iff @[simp] theorem arg_neg_iff {z : ℂ} : arg z < 0 ↔ z.im < 0 := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le arg_nonneg_iff #align complex.arg_neg_iff Complex.arg_neg_iff theorem arg_real_mul (x : ℂ) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) : arg (r * x) = arg x := by rcases eq_or_ne x 0 with (rfl | hx); · rw [mul_zero] conv_lhs => rw [← abs_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I x, ← mul_assoc, ← ofReal_mul, arg_mul_cos_add_sin_mul_I (mul_pos hr (abs.pos hx)) x.arg_mem_Ioc] #align complex.arg_real_mul Complex.arg_real_mul theorem arg_mul_real {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) (x : ℂ) : arg (x * r) = arg x := mul_comm x r ▸ arg_real_mul x hr
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Complex/Arg.lean
200
205
theorem arg_eq_arg_iff {x y : ℂ} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : arg x = arg y ↔ (abs y / abs x : ℂ) * x = y := by
simp only [ext_abs_arg_iff, map_mul, map_div₀, abs_ofReal, abs_abs, div_mul_cancel₀ _ (abs.ne_zero hx), eq_self_iff_true, true_and_iff] rw [← ofReal_div, arg_real_mul] exact div_pos (abs.pos hy) (abs.pos hx)
import Mathlib.Topology.Category.TopCat.EpiMono import Mathlib.Topology.Category.TopCat.Limits.Basic import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Shapes.Products import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.ConcreteCategory import Mathlib.Data.Set.Subsingleton import Mathlib.Tactic.CategoryTheory.Elementwise #align_import topology.category.Top.limits.products from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"178a32653e369dce2da68dc6b2694e385d484ef1" -- Porting note: every ML3 decl has an uppercase letter set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false open TopologicalSpace open CategoryTheory open CategoryTheory.Limits universe v u w noncomputable section namespace TopCat variable {J : Type v} [SmallCategory J] abbrev piπ {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) : TopCat.of (∀ i, α i) ⟶ α i := ⟨fun f => f i, continuous_apply i⟩ #align Top.pi_π TopCat.piπ @[simps! pt π_app] def piFan {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : Fan α := Fan.mk (TopCat.of (∀ i, α i)) (piπ.{v,u} α) #align Top.pi_fan TopCat.piFan def piFanIsLimit {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : IsLimit (piFan α) where lift S := { toFun := fun s i => S.π.app ⟨i⟩ s continuous_toFun := continuous_pi (fun i => (S.π.app ⟨i⟩).2) } uniq := by intro S m h apply ContinuousMap.ext; intro x funext i set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in dsimp rw [ContinuousMap.coe_mk, ← h ⟨i⟩] rfl fac s j := rfl #align Top.pi_fan_is_limit TopCat.piFanIsLimit def piIsoPi {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : ∏ᶜ α ≅ TopCat.of (∀ i, α i) := (limit.isLimit _).conePointUniqueUpToIso (piFanIsLimit.{v, u} α) -- Specifying the universes in `piFanIsLimit` wasn't necessary when we had `TopCatMax`  #align Top.pi_iso_pi TopCat.piIsoPi @[reassoc (attr := simp)] theorem piIsoPi_inv_π {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) : (piIsoPi α).inv ≫ Pi.π α i = piπ α i := by simp [piIsoPi] #align Top.pi_iso_pi_inv_π TopCat.piIsoPi_inv_π theorem piIsoPi_inv_π_apply {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) (x : ∀ i, α i) : (Pi.π α i : _) ((piIsoPi α).inv x) = x i := ConcreteCategory.congr_hom (piIsoPi_inv_π α i) x #align Top.pi_iso_pi_inv_π_apply TopCat.piIsoPi_inv_π_apply -- Porting note: needing the type ascription on `∏ᶜ α : TopCat.{max v u}` is unfortunate. theorem piIsoPi_hom_apply {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) (x : (∏ᶜ α : TopCat.{max v u})) : (piIsoPi α).hom x i = (Pi.π α i : _) x := by have := piIsoPi_inv_π α i rw [Iso.inv_comp_eq] at this exact ConcreteCategory.congr_hom this x #align Top.pi_iso_pi_hom_apply TopCat.piIsoPi_hom_apply -- Porting note: Lean doesn't automatically reduce TopCat.of X|>.α to X now abbrev sigmaι {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) : α i ⟶ TopCat.of (Σi, α i) := by refine ContinuousMap.mk ?_ ?_ · dsimp apply Sigma.mk i · dsimp; continuity #align Top.sigma_ι TopCat.sigmaι @[simps! pt ι_app] def sigmaCofan {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : Cofan α := Cofan.mk (TopCat.of (Σi, α i)) (sigmaι α) #align Top.sigma_cofan TopCat.sigmaCofan def sigmaCofanIsColimit {ι : Type v} (β : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : IsColimit (sigmaCofan β) where desc S := { toFun := fun (s : of (Σ i, β i)) => S.ι.app ⟨s.1⟩ s.2 continuous_toFun := continuous_sigma fun i => (S.ι.app ⟨i⟩).continuous_toFun } uniq := by intro S m h ext ⟨i, x⟩ simp only [hom_apply, ← h] congr fac s j := by cases j aesop_cat #align Top.sigma_cofan_is_colimit TopCat.sigmaCofanIsColimit def sigmaIsoSigma {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) : ∐ α ≅ TopCat.of (Σi, α i) := (colimit.isColimit _).coconePointUniqueUpToIso (sigmaCofanIsColimit.{v, u} α) -- Specifying the universes in `sigmaCofanIsColimit` wasn't necessary when we had `TopCatMax`  #align Top.sigma_iso_sigma TopCat.sigmaIsoSigma @[reassoc (attr := simp)] theorem sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) : Sigma.ι α i ≫ (sigmaIsoSigma α).hom = sigmaι α i := by simp [sigmaIsoSigma] #align Top.sigma_iso_sigma_hom_ι TopCat.sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι theorem sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι_apply {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) (x : α i) : (sigmaIsoSigma α).hom ((Sigma.ι α i : _) x) = Sigma.mk i x := ConcreteCategory.congr_hom (sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι α i) x #align Top.sigma_iso_sigma_hom_ι_apply TopCat.sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι_apply theorem sigmaIsoSigma_inv_apply {ι : Type v} (α : ι → TopCat.{max v u}) (i : ι) (x : α i) : (sigmaIsoSigma α).inv ⟨i, x⟩ = (Sigma.ι α i : _) x := by rw [← sigmaIsoSigma_hom_ι_apply, ← comp_app, ← comp_app, Iso.hom_inv_id, Category.comp_id] #align Top.sigma_iso_sigma_inv_apply TopCat.sigmaIsoSigma_inv_apply -- Porting note: cannot use .topologicalSpace in place .str
Mathlib/Topology/Category/TopCat/Limits/Products.lean
143
149
theorem induced_of_isLimit {F : J ⥤ TopCat.{max v u}} (C : Cone F) (hC : IsLimit C) : C.pt.str = ⨅ j, (F.obj j).str.induced (C.π.app j) := by
let homeo := homeoOfIso (hC.conePointUniqueUpToIso (limitConeInfiIsLimit F)) refine homeo.inducing.induced.trans ?_ change induced homeo (⨅ j : J, _) = _ simp [induced_iInf, induced_compose] rfl
import Mathlib.FieldTheory.SeparableDegree import Mathlib.FieldTheory.IsSepClosed open scoped Classical Polynomial open FiniteDimensional Polynomial IntermediateField Field noncomputable section universe u v w variable (F : Type u) (E : Type v) [Field F] [Field E] [Algebra F E] variable (K : Type w) [Field K] [Algebra F K] section separableClosure def separableClosure : IntermediateField F E where carrier := {x | (minpoly F x).Separable} mul_mem' := separable_mul add_mem' := separable_add algebraMap_mem' := separable_algebraMap E inv_mem' := separable_inv variable {F E K} theorem mem_separableClosure_iff {x : E} : x ∈ separableClosure F E ↔ (minpoly F x).Separable := Iff.rfl theorem map_mem_separableClosure_iff (i : E →ₐ[F] K) {x : E} : i x ∈ separableClosure F K ↔ x ∈ separableClosure F E := by simp_rw [mem_separableClosure_iff, minpoly.algHom_eq i i.injective] theorem separableClosure.comap_eq_of_algHom (i : E →ₐ[F] K) : (separableClosure F K).comap i = separableClosure F E := by ext x exact map_mem_separableClosure_iff i theorem separableClosure.map_le_of_algHom (i : E →ₐ[F] K) : (separableClosure F E).map i ≤ separableClosure F K := map_le_iff_le_comap.2 (comap_eq_of_algHom i).ge variable (F) in theorem separableClosure.map_eq_of_separableClosure_eq_bot [Algebra E K] [IsScalarTower F E K] (h : separableClosure E K = ⊥) : (separableClosure F E).map (IsScalarTower.toAlgHom F E K) = separableClosure F K := by refine le_antisymm (map_le_of_algHom _) (fun x hx ↦ ?_) obtain ⟨y, rfl⟩ := mem_bot.1 <| h ▸ mem_separableClosure_iff.2 (mem_separableClosure_iff.1 hx |>.map_minpoly E) exact ⟨y, (map_mem_separableClosure_iff <| IsScalarTower.toAlgHom F E K).mp hx, rfl⟩ theorem separableClosure.map_eq_of_algEquiv (i : E ≃ₐ[F] K) : (separableClosure F E).map i = separableClosure F K := (map_le_of_algHom i.toAlgHom).antisymm (fun x h ↦ ⟨_, (map_mem_separableClosure_iff i.symm).2 h, by simp⟩) def separableClosure.algEquivOfAlgEquiv (i : E ≃ₐ[F] K) : separableClosure F E ≃ₐ[F] separableClosure F K := (intermediateFieldMap i _).trans (equivOfEq (map_eq_of_algEquiv i)) alias AlgEquiv.separableClosure := separableClosure.algEquivOfAlgEquiv variable (F E K) instance separableClosure.isAlgebraic : Algebra.IsAlgebraic F (separableClosure F E) := ⟨fun x ↦ isAlgebraic_iff.2 x.2.isIntegral.isAlgebraic⟩ instance separableClosure.isSeparable : IsSeparable F (separableClosure F E) := ⟨fun x ↦ by simpa only [minpoly_eq] using x.2⟩ theorem le_separableClosure' {L : IntermediateField F E} (hs : ∀ x : L, (minpoly F x).Separable) : L ≤ separableClosure F E := fun x h ↦ by simpa only [minpoly_eq] using hs ⟨x, h⟩ theorem le_separableClosure (L : IntermediateField F E) [IsSeparable F L] : L ≤ separableClosure F E := le_separableClosure' F E (IsSeparable.separable F) theorem le_separableClosure_iff (L : IntermediateField F E) : L ≤ separableClosure F E ↔ IsSeparable F L := ⟨fun h ↦ ⟨fun x ↦ by simpa only [minpoly_eq] using h x.2⟩, fun _ ↦ le_separableClosure _ _ _⟩ theorem separableClosure.separableClosure_eq_bot : separableClosure (separableClosure F E) E = ⊥ := bot_unique fun x hx ↦ mem_bot.2 ⟨⟨x, mem_separableClosure_iff.1 hx |>.comap_minpoly_of_isSeparable F⟩, rfl⟩ theorem separableClosure.normalClosure_eq_self : normalClosure F (separableClosure F E) E = separableClosure F E := le_antisymm (normalClosure_le_iff.2 fun i ↦ haveI : IsSeparable F i.fieldRange := (AlgEquiv.ofInjectiveField i).isSeparable le_separableClosure F E _) (le_normalClosure _) instance separableClosure.isGalois [Normal F E] : IsGalois F (separableClosure F E) where to_isSeparable := separableClosure.isSeparable F E to_normal := by rw [← separableClosure.normalClosure_eq_self] exact normalClosure.normal F _ E
Mathlib/FieldTheory/SeparableClosure.lean
186
192
theorem IsSepClosed.separableClosure_eq_bot_iff [IsSepClosed E] : separableClosure F E = ⊥ ↔ IsSepClosed F := by
refine ⟨fun h ↦ IsSepClosed.of_exists_root _ fun p _ hirr hsep ↦ ?_, fun _ ↦ IntermediateField.eq_bot_of_isSepClosed_of_isSeparable _⟩ obtain ⟨x, hx⟩ := IsSepClosed.exists_aeval_eq_zero E p (degree_pos_of_irreducible hirr).ne' hsep obtain ⟨x, rfl⟩ := h ▸ mem_separableClosure_iff.2 (hsep.of_dvd <| minpoly.dvd _ x hx) exact ⟨x, by simpa [Algebra.ofId_apply] using hx⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.MonoidAlgebra.Degree import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Coeff import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Monomial import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Nat.WithBot import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.WithTop import Mathlib.Data.Nat.SuccPred #align_import data.polynomial.degree.definitions from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"808ea4ebfabeb599f21ec4ae87d6dc969597887f" -- Porting note: `Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.WithTop` should be imported for `Nat.cast_withBot`. set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false noncomputable section open Finsupp Finset open Polynomial namespace Polynomial universe u v variable {R : Type u} {S : Type v} {a b c d : R} {n m : ℕ} section Semiring variable [Semiring R] {p q r : R[X]} def degree (p : R[X]) : WithBot ℕ := p.support.max #align polynomial.degree Polynomial.degree theorem supDegree_eq_degree (p : R[X]) : p.toFinsupp.supDegree WithBot.some = p.degree := max_eq_sup_coe theorem degree_lt_wf : WellFounded fun p q : R[X] => degree p < degree q := InvImage.wf degree wellFounded_lt #align polynomial.degree_lt_wf Polynomial.degree_lt_wf instance : WellFoundedRelation R[X] := ⟨_, degree_lt_wf⟩ def natDegree (p : R[X]) : ℕ := (degree p).unbot' 0 #align polynomial.nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree def leadingCoeff (p : R[X]) : R := coeff p (natDegree p) #align polynomial.leading_coeff Polynomial.leadingCoeff def Monic (p : R[X]) := leadingCoeff p = (1 : R) #align polynomial.monic Polynomial.Monic @[nontriviality] theorem monic_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] (p : R[X]) : Monic p := Subsingleton.elim _ _ #align polynomial.monic_of_subsingleton Polynomial.monic_of_subsingleton theorem Monic.def : Monic p ↔ leadingCoeff p = 1 := Iff.rfl #align polynomial.monic.def Polynomial.Monic.def instance Monic.decidable [DecidableEq R] : Decidable (Monic p) := by unfold Monic; infer_instance #align polynomial.monic.decidable Polynomial.Monic.decidable @[simp] theorem Monic.leadingCoeff {p : R[X]} (hp : p.Monic) : leadingCoeff p = 1 := hp #align polynomial.monic.leading_coeff Polynomial.Monic.leadingCoeff theorem Monic.coeff_natDegree {p : R[X]} (hp : p.Monic) : p.coeff p.natDegree = 1 := hp #align polynomial.monic.coeff_nat_degree Polynomial.Monic.coeff_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_zero : degree (0 : R[X]) = ⊥ := rfl #align polynomial.degree_zero Polynomial.degree_zero @[simp] theorem natDegree_zero : natDegree (0 : R[X]) = 0 := rfl #align polynomial.nat_degree_zero Polynomial.natDegree_zero @[simp] theorem coeff_natDegree : coeff p (natDegree p) = leadingCoeff p := rfl #align polynomial.coeff_nat_degree Polynomial.coeff_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_eq_bot : degree p = ⊥ ↔ p = 0 := ⟨fun h => support_eq_empty.1 (Finset.max_eq_bot.1 h), fun h => h.symm ▸ rfl⟩ #align polynomial.degree_eq_bot Polynomial.degree_eq_bot @[nontriviality] theorem degree_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] : degree p = ⊥ := by rw [Subsingleton.elim p 0, degree_zero] #align polynomial.degree_of_subsingleton Polynomial.degree_of_subsingleton @[nontriviality] theorem natDegree_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] : natDegree p = 0 := by rw [Subsingleton.elim p 0, natDegree_zero] #align polynomial.nat_degree_of_subsingleton Polynomial.natDegree_of_subsingleton theorem degree_eq_natDegree (hp : p ≠ 0) : degree p = (natDegree p : WithBot ℕ) := by let ⟨n, hn⟩ := not_forall.1 (mt Option.eq_none_iff_forall_not_mem.2 (mt degree_eq_bot.1 hp)) have hn : degree p = some n := Classical.not_not.1 hn rw [natDegree, hn]; rfl #align polynomial.degree_eq_nat_degree Polynomial.degree_eq_natDegree theorem supDegree_eq_natDegree (p : R[X]) : p.toFinsupp.supDegree id = p.natDegree := by obtain rfl|h := eq_or_ne p 0 · simp apply WithBot.coe_injective rw [← AddMonoidAlgebra.supDegree_withBot_some_comp, Function.comp_id, supDegree_eq_degree, degree_eq_natDegree h, Nat.cast_withBot] rwa [support_toFinsupp, nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, support_eq_empty] theorem degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hp : p ≠ 0) : p.degree = n ↔ p.natDegree = n := by rw [degree_eq_natDegree hp]; exact WithBot.coe_eq_coe #align polynomial.degree_eq_iff_nat_degree_eq Polynomial.degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq theorem degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq_of_pos {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hn : 0 < n) : p.degree = n ↔ p.natDegree = n := by obtain rfl|h := eq_or_ne p 0 · simp [hn.ne] · exact degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq h #align polynomial.degree_eq_iff_nat_degree_eq_of_pos Polynomial.degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq_of_pos theorem natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (h : degree p = n) : natDegree p = n := by -- Porting note: `Nat.cast_withBot` is required. rw [natDegree, h, Nat.cast_withBot, WithBot.unbot'_coe] #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_degree_eq_some Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some theorem degree_ne_of_natDegree_ne {n : ℕ} : p.natDegree ≠ n → degree p ≠ n := mt natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some #align polynomial.degree_ne_of_nat_degree_ne Polynomial.degree_ne_of_natDegree_ne @[simp] theorem degree_le_natDegree : degree p ≤ natDegree p := WithBot.giUnbot'Bot.gc.le_u_l _ #align polynomial.degree_le_nat_degree Polynomial.degree_le_natDegree theorem natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq [Semiring S] {q : S[X]} (h : degree p = degree q) : natDegree p = natDegree q := by unfold natDegree; rw [h] #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_degree_eq Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq theorem le_degree_of_ne_zero (h : coeff p n ≠ 0) : (n : WithBot ℕ) ≤ degree p := by rw [Nat.cast_withBot] exact Finset.le_sup (mem_support_iff.2 h) #align polynomial.le_degree_of_ne_zero Polynomial.le_degree_of_ne_zero theorem le_natDegree_of_ne_zero (h : coeff p n ≠ 0) : n ≤ natDegree p := by rw [← Nat.cast_le (α := WithBot ℕ), ← degree_eq_natDegree] · exact le_degree_of_ne_zero h · rintro rfl exact h rfl #align polynomial.le_nat_degree_of_ne_zero Polynomial.le_natDegree_of_ne_zero theorem le_natDegree_of_mem_supp (a : ℕ) : a ∈ p.support → a ≤ natDegree p := le_natDegree_of_ne_zero ∘ mem_support_iff.mp #align polynomial.le_nat_degree_of_mem_supp Polynomial.le_natDegree_of_mem_supp theorem degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero (pn : p.degree ≤ n) (p1 : p.coeff n ≠ 0) : p.degree = n := pn.antisymm (le_degree_of_ne_zero p1) #align polynomial.degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero Polynomial.degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero theorem natDegree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero (pn : p.natDegree ≤ n) (p1 : p.coeff n ≠ 0) : p.natDegree = n := pn.antisymm (le_natDegree_of_ne_zero p1) #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero theorem degree_mono [Semiring S] {f : R[X]} {g : S[X]} (h : f.support ⊆ g.support) : f.degree ≤ g.degree := Finset.sup_mono h #align polynomial.degree_mono Polynomial.degree_mono theorem supp_subset_range (h : natDegree p < m) : p.support ⊆ Finset.range m := fun _n hn => mem_range.2 <| (le_natDegree_of_mem_supp _ hn).trans_lt h #align polynomial.supp_subset_range Polynomial.supp_subset_range theorem supp_subset_range_natDegree_succ : p.support ⊆ Finset.range (natDegree p + 1) := supp_subset_range (Nat.lt_succ_self _) #align polynomial.supp_subset_range_nat_degree_succ Polynomial.supp_subset_range_natDegree_succ theorem degree_le_degree (h : coeff q (natDegree p) ≠ 0) : degree p ≤ degree q := by by_cases hp : p = 0 · rw [hp, degree_zero] exact bot_le · rw [degree_eq_natDegree hp] exact le_degree_of_ne_zero h #align polynomial.degree_le_degree Polynomial.degree_le_degree theorem natDegree_le_iff_degree_le {n : ℕ} : natDegree p ≤ n ↔ degree p ≤ n := WithBot.unbot'_le_iff (fun _ ↦ bot_le) #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_iff_degree_le Polynomial.natDegree_le_iff_degree_le theorem natDegree_lt_iff_degree_lt (hp : p ≠ 0) : p.natDegree < n ↔ p.degree < ↑n := WithBot.unbot'_lt_iff (absurd · (degree_eq_bot.not.mpr hp)) #align polynomial.nat_degree_lt_iff_degree_lt Polynomial.natDegree_lt_iff_degree_lt alias ⟨degree_le_of_natDegree_le, natDegree_le_of_degree_le⟩ := natDegree_le_iff_degree_le #align polynomial.degree_le_of_nat_degree_le Polynomial.degree_le_of_natDegree_le #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_of_degree_le Polynomial.natDegree_le_of_degree_le theorem natDegree_le_natDegree [Semiring S] {q : S[X]} (hpq : p.degree ≤ q.degree) : p.natDegree ≤ q.natDegree := WithBot.giUnbot'Bot.gc.monotone_l hpq #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree_le_natDegree theorem natDegree_lt_natDegree {p q : R[X]} (hp : p ≠ 0) (hpq : p.degree < q.degree) : p.natDegree < q.natDegree := by by_cases hq : q = 0 · exact (not_lt_bot <| hq ▸ hpq).elim rwa [degree_eq_natDegree hp, degree_eq_natDegree hq, Nat.cast_lt] at hpq #align polynomial.nat_degree_lt_nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree_lt_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_C (ha : a ≠ 0) : degree (C a) = (0 : WithBot ℕ) := by rw [degree, ← monomial_zero_left, support_monomial 0 ha, max_eq_sup_coe, sup_singleton, WithBot.coe_zero] #align polynomial.degree_C Polynomial.degree_C theorem degree_C_le : degree (C a) ≤ 0 := by by_cases h : a = 0 · rw [h, C_0] exact bot_le · rw [degree_C h] #align polynomial.degree_C_le Polynomial.degree_C_le theorem degree_C_lt : degree (C a) < 1 := degree_C_le.trans_lt <| WithBot.coe_lt_coe.mpr zero_lt_one #align polynomial.degree_C_lt Polynomial.degree_C_lt theorem degree_one_le : degree (1 : R[X]) ≤ (0 : WithBot ℕ) := by rw [← C_1]; exact degree_C_le #align polynomial.degree_one_le Polynomial.degree_one_le @[simp]
Mathlib/Algebra/Polynomial/Degree/Definitions.lean
266
270
theorem natDegree_C (a : R) : natDegree (C a) = 0 := by
by_cases ha : a = 0 · have : C a = 0 := by rw [ha, C_0] rw [natDegree, degree_eq_bot.2 this, WithBot.unbot'_bot] · rw [natDegree, degree_C ha, WithBot.unbot_zero']
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.GeneralLinearGroup import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Matrix.ToLin import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Matrix.NonsingularInverse import Mathlib.Algebra.Star.Unitary #align_import linear_algebra.unitary_group from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2705404e701abc6b3127da906f40bae062a169c9" universe u v namespace Matrix open LinearMap Matrix section variable (n : Type u) [DecidableEq n] [Fintype n] variable (α : Type v) [CommRing α] [StarRing α] abbrev unitaryGroup := unitary (Matrix n n α) #align matrix.unitary_group Matrix.unitaryGroup end variable {n : Type u} [DecidableEq n] [Fintype n] variable {α : Type v} [CommRing α] [StarRing α] {A : Matrix n n α} theorem mem_unitaryGroup_iff : A ∈ Matrix.unitaryGroup n α ↔ A * star A = 1 := by refine ⟨And.right, fun hA => ⟨?_, hA⟩⟩ simpa only [mul_eq_one_comm] using hA #align matrix.mem_unitary_group_iff Matrix.mem_unitaryGroup_iff theorem mem_unitaryGroup_iff' : A ∈ Matrix.unitaryGroup n α ↔ star A * A = 1 := by refine ⟨And.left, fun hA => ⟨hA, ?_⟩⟩ rwa [mul_eq_one_comm] at hA #align matrix.mem_unitary_group_iff' Matrix.mem_unitaryGroup_iff'
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/UnitaryGroup.lean
76
80
theorem det_of_mem_unitary {A : Matrix n n α} (hA : A ∈ Matrix.unitaryGroup n α) : A.det ∈ unitary α := by
constructor · simpa [star, det_transpose] using congr_arg det hA.1 · simpa [star, det_transpose] using congr_arg det hA.2
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Finite #align_import data.set.ncard from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"74c2af38a828107941029b03839882c5c6f87a04" namespace Set variable {α β : Type*} {s t : Set α} noncomputable def encard (s : Set α) : ℕ∞ := PartENat.withTopEquiv (PartENat.card s) @[simp] theorem encard_univ_coe (s : Set α) : encard (univ : Set s) = encard s := by rw [encard, encard, PartENat.card_congr (Equiv.Set.univ ↑s)] theorem encard_univ (α : Type*) : encard (univ : Set α) = PartENat.withTopEquiv (PartENat.card α) := by rw [encard, PartENat.card_congr (Equiv.Set.univ α)] theorem Finite.encard_eq_coe_toFinset_card (h : s.Finite) : s.encard = h.toFinset.card := by have := h.fintype rw [encard, PartENat.card_eq_coe_fintype_card, PartENat.withTopEquiv_natCast, toFinite_toFinset, toFinset_card] theorem encard_eq_coe_toFinset_card (s : Set α) [Fintype s] : encard s = s.toFinset.card := by have h := toFinite s rw [h.encard_eq_coe_toFinset_card, toFinite_toFinset] theorem encard_coe_eq_coe_finsetCard (s : Finset α) : encard (s : Set α) = s.card := by rw [Finite.encard_eq_coe_toFinset_card (Finset.finite_toSet s)]; simp theorem Infinite.encard_eq {s : Set α} (h : s.Infinite) : s.encard = ⊤ := by have := h.to_subtype rw [encard, ← PartENat.withTopEquiv.symm.injective.eq_iff, Equiv.symm_apply_apply, PartENat.withTopEquiv_symm_top, PartENat.card_eq_top_of_infinite] @[simp] theorem encard_eq_zero : s.encard = 0 ↔ s = ∅ := by rw [encard, ← PartENat.withTopEquiv.symm.injective.eq_iff, Equiv.symm_apply_apply, PartENat.withTopEquiv_symm_zero, PartENat.card_eq_zero_iff_empty, isEmpty_subtype, eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem] @[simp] theorem encard_empty : (∅ : Set α).encard = 0 := by rw [encard_eq_zero] theorem nonempty_of_encard_ne_zero (h : s.encard ≠ 0) : s.Nonempty := by rwa [nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, ← encard_eq_zero] theorem encard_ne_zero : s.encard ≠ 0 ↔ s.Nonempty := by rw [ne_eq, encard_eq_zero, nonempty_iff_ne_empty] @[simp] theorem encard_pos : 0 < s.encard ↔ s.Nonempty := by rw [pos_iff_ne_zero, encard_ne_zero] @[simp] theorem encard_singleton (e : α) : ({e} : Set α).encard = 1 := by rw [encard, ← PartENat.withTopEquiv.symm.injective.eq_iff, Equiv.symm_apply_apply, PartENat.card_eq_coe_fintype_card, Fintype.card_ofSubsingleton, Nat.cast_one]; rfl theorem encard_union_eq (h : Disjoint s t) : (s ∪ t).encard = s.encard + t.encard := by classical have e := (Equiv.Set.union (by rwa [subset_empty_iff, ← disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty])).symm simp [encard, ← PartENat.card_congr e, PartENat.card_sum, PartENat.withTopEquiv] theorem encard_insert_of_not_mem {a : α} (has : a ∉ s) : (insert a s).encard = s.encard + 1 := by rw [← union_singleton, encard_union_eq (by simpa), encard_singleton]
Mathlib/Data/Set/Card.lean
119
123
theorem Finite.encard_lt_top (h : s.Finite) : s.encard < ⊤ := by
refine h.induction_on (by simp) ?_ rintro a t hat _ ht' rw [encard_insert_of_not_mem hat] exact lt_tsub_iff_right.1 ht'
import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Coxeter.Length import Mathlib.Data.ZMod.Parity namespace CoxeterSystem open List Matrix Function variable {B : Type*} variable {W : Type*} [Group W] variable {M : CoxeterMatrix B} (cs : CoxeterSystem M W) local prefix:100 "s" => cs.simple local prefix:100 "π" => cs.wordProd local prefix:100 "ℓ" => cs.length def IsReflection (t : W) : Prop := ∃ w i, t = w * s i * w⁻¹ theorem isReflection_simple (i : B) : cs.IsReflection (s i) := by use 1, i; simp namespace IsReflection variable {cs} variable {t : W} (ht : cs.IsReflection t) theorem pow_two : t ^ 2 = 1 := by rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp theorem mul_self : t * t = 1 := by rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp theorem inv : t⁻¹ = t := by rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp [mul_assoc] theorem isReflection_inv : cs.IsReflection t⁻¹ := by rwa [ht.inv] theorem odd_length : Odd (ℓ t) := by suffices cs.lengthParity t = Multiplicative.ofAdd 1 by simpa [lengthParity_eq_ofAdd_length, ZMod.eq_one_iff_odd] rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp [lengthParity_simple] theorem length_mul_left_ne (w : W) : ℓ (w * t) ≠ ℓ w := by suffices cs.lengthParity (w * t) ≠ cs.lengthParity w by contrapose! this simp only [lengthParity_eq_ofAdd_length, this] rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp [lengthParity_simple] theorem length_mul_right_ne (w : W) : ℓ (t * w) ≠ ℓ w := by suffices cs.lengthParity (t * w) ≠ cs.lengthParity w by contrapose! this simp only [lengthParity_eq_ofAdd_length, this] rcases ht with ⟨w, i, rfl⟩ simp [lengthParity_simple]
Mathlib/GroupTheory/Coxeter/Inversion.lean
102
105
theorem conj (w : W) : cs.IsReflection (w * t * w⁻¹) := by
obtain ⟨u, i, rfl⟩ := ht use w * u, i group
import Mathlib.Topology.ContinuousOn import Mathlib.Order.Minimal open Set Classical variable {X : Type*} {Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {s t : Set X} section Preirreducible def IsPreirreducible (s : Set X) : Prop := ∀ u v : Set X, IsOpen u → IsOpen v → (s ∩ u).Nonempty → (s ∩ v).Nonempty → (s ∩ (u ∩ v)).Nonempty #align is_preirreducible IsPreirreducible def IsIrreducible (s : Set X) : Prop := s.Nonempty ∧ IsPreirreducible s #align is_irreducible IsIrreducible theorem IsIrreducible.nonempty (h : IsIrreducible s) : s.Nonempty := h.1 #align is_irreducible.nonempty IsIrreducible.nonempty theorem IsIrreducible.isPreirreducible (h : IsIrreducible s) : IsPreirreducible s := h.2 #align is_irreducible.is_preirreducible IsIrreducible.isPreirreducible theorem isPreirreducible_empty : IsPreirreducible (∅ : Set X) := fun _ _ _ _ _ ⟨_, h1, _⟩ => h1.elim #align is_preirreducible_empty isPreirreducible_empty theorem Set.Subsingleton.isPreirreducible (hs : s.Subsingleton) : IsPreirreducible s := fun _u _v _ _ ⟨_x, hxs, hxu⟩ ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩ => ⟨y, hys, hs hxs hys ▸ hxu, hyv⟩ #align set.subsingleton.is_preirreducible Set.Subsingleton.isPreirreducible -- Porting note (#10756): new lemma theorem isPreirreducible_singleton {x} : IsPreirreducible ({x} : Set X) := subsingleton_singleton.isPreirreducible theorem isIrreducible_singleton {x} : IsIrreducible ({x} : Set X) := ⟨singleton_nonempty x, isPreirreducible_singleton⟩ #align is_irreducible_singleton isIrreducible_singleton theorem isPreirreducible_iff_closure : IsPreirreducible (closure s) ↔ IsPreirreducible s := forall₄_congr fun u v hu hv => by iterate 3 rw [closure_inter_open_nonempty_iff] exacts [hu.inter hv, hv, hu] #align is_preirreducible_iff_closure isPreirreducible_iff_closure theorem isIrreducible_iff_closure : IsIrreducible (closure s) ↔ IsIrreducible s := and_congr closure_nonempty_iff isPreirreducible_iff_closure #align is_irreducible_iff_closure isIrreducible_iff_closure protected alias ⟨_, IsPreirreducible.closure⟩ := isPreirreducible_iff_closure #align is_preirreducible.closure IsPreirreducible.closure protected alias ⟨_, IsIrreducible.closure⟩ := isIrreducible_iff_closure #align is_irreducible.closure IsIrreducible.closure theorem exists_preirreducible (s : Set X) (H : IsPreirreducible s) : ∃ t : Set X, IsPreirreducible t ∧ s ⊆ t ∧ ∀ u, IsPreirreducible u → t ⊆ u → u = t := let ⟨m, hm, hsm, hmm⟩ := zorn_subset_nonempty { t : Set X | IsPreirreducible t } (fun c hc hcc _ => ⟨⋃₀ c, fun u v hu hv ⟨y, hy, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hx, hxv⟩ => let ⟨p, hpc, hyp⟩ := mem_sUnion.1 hy let ⟨q, hqc, hxq⟩ := mem_sUnion.1 hx Or.casesOn (hcc.total hpc hqc) (fun hpq : p ⊆ q => let ⟨x, hxp, hxuv⟩ := hc hqc u v hu hv ⟨y, hpq hyp, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hxq, hxv⟩ ⟨x, mem_sUnion_of_mem hxp hqc, hxuv⟩) fun hqp : q ⊆ p => let ⟨x, hxp, hxuv⟩ := hc hpc u v hu hv ⟨y, hyp, hyu⟩ ⟨x, hqp hxq, hxv⟩ ⟨x, mem_sUnion_of_mem hxp hpc, hxuv⟩, fun _ hxc => subset_sUnion_of_mem hxc⟩) s H ⟨m, hm, hsm, fun _u hu hmu => hmm _ hu hmu⟩ #align exists_preirreducible exists_preirreducible def irreducibleComponents (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : Set (Set X) := maximals (· ≤ ·) { s : Set X | IsIrreducible s } #align irreducible_components irreducibleComponents theorem isClosed_of_mem_irreducibleComponents (s) (H : s ∈ irreducibleComponents X) : IsClosed s := by rw [← closure_eq_iff_isClosed, eq_comm] exact subset_closure.antisymm (H.2 H.1.closure subset_closure) #align is_closed_of_mem_irreducible_components isClosed_of_mem_irreducibleComponents theorem irreducibleComponents_eq_maximals_closed (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : irreducibleComponents X = maximals (· ≤ ·) { s : Set X | IsClosed s ∧ IsIrreducible s } := by ext s constructor · intro H exact ⟨⟨isClosed_of_mem_irreducibleComponents _ H, H.1⟩, fun x h e => H.2 h.2 e⟩ · intro H refine ⟨H.1.2, fun x h e => ?_⟩ have : closure x ≤ s := H.2 ⟨isClosed_closure, h.closure⟩ (e.trans subset_closure) exact le_trans subset_closure this #align irreducible_components_eq_maximals_closed irreducibleComponents_eq_maximals_closed def irreducibleComponent (x : X) : Set X := Classical.choose (exists_preirreducible {x} isPreirreducible_singleton) #align irreducible_component irreducibleComponent theorem irreducibleComponent_property (x : X) : IsPreirreducible (irreducibleComponent x) ∧ {x} ⊆ irreducibleComponent x ∧ ∀ u, IsPreirreducible u → irreducibleComponent x ⊆ u → u = irreducibleComponent x := Classical.choose_spec (exists_preirreducible {x} isPreirreducible_singleton) #align irreducible_component_property irreducibleComponent_property theorem mem_irreducibleComponent {x : X} : x ∈ irreducibleComponent x := singleton_subset_iff.1 (irreducibleComponent_property x).2.1 #align mem_irreducible_component mem_irreducibleComponent theorem isIrreducible_irreducibleComponent {x : X} : IsIrreducible (irreducibleComponent x) := ⟨⟨x, mem_irreducibleComponent⟩, (irreducibleComponent_property x).1⟩ #align is_irreducible_irreducible_component isIrreducible_irreducibleComponent theorem eq_irreducibleComponent {x : X} : IsPreirreducible s → irreducibleComponent x ⊆ s → s = irreducibleComponent x := (irreducibleComponent_property x).2.2 _ #align eq_irreducible_component eq_irreducibleComponent theorem irreducibleComponent_mem_irreducibleComponents (x : X) : irreducibleComponent x ∈ irreducibleComponents X := ⟨isIrreducible_irreducibleComponent, fun _ h₁ h₂ => (eq_irreducibleComponent h₁.2 h₂).le⟩ #align irreducible_component_mem_irreducible_components irreducibleComponent_mem_irreducibleComponents theorem isClosed_irreducibleComponent {x : X} : IsClosed (irreducibleComponent x) := isClosed_of_mem_irreducibleComponents _ (irreducibleComponent_mem_irreducibleComponents x) #align is_closed_irreducible_component isClosed_irreducibleComponent class PreirreducibleSpace (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where isPreirreducible_univ : IsPreirreducible (univ : Set X) #align preirreducible_space PreirreducibleSpace class IrreducibleSpace (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] extends PreirreducibleSpace X : Prop where toNonempty : Nonempty X #align irreducible_space IrreducibleSpace -- see Note [lower instance priority] attribute [instance 50] IrreducibleSpace.toNonempty theorem IrreducibleSpace.isIrreducible_univ (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] [IrreducibleSpace X] : IsIrreducible (univ : Set X) := ⟨univ_nonempty, PreirreducibleSpace.isPreirreducible_univ⟩ #align irreducible_space.is_irreducible_univ IrreducibleSpace.isIrreducible_univ theorem irreducibleSpace_def (X : Type*) [TopologicalSpace X] : IrreducibleSpace X ↔ IsIrreducible (⊤ : Set X) := ⟨@IrreducibleSpace.isIrreducible_univ X _, fun h => haveI : PreirreducibleSpace X := ⟨h.2⟩ ⟨⟨h.1.some⟩⟩⟩ #align irreducible_space_def irreducibleSpace_def theorem nonempty_preirreducible_inter [PreirreducibleSpace X] : IsOpen s → IsOpen t → s.Nonempty → t.Nonempty → (s ∩ t).Nonempty := by simpa only [univ_inter, univ_subset_iff] using @PreirreducibleSpace.isPreirreducible_univ X _ _ s t #align nonempty_preirreducible_inter nonempty_preirreducible_inter protected theorem IsOpen.dense [PreirreducibleSpace X] (ho : IsOpen s) (hne : s.Nonempty) : Dense s := dense_iff_inter_open.2 fun _t hto htne => nonempty_preirreducible_inter hto ho htne hne #align is_open.dense IsOpen.dense theorem IsPreirreducible.image (H : IsPreirreducible s) (f : X → Y) (hf : ContinuousOn f s) : IsPreirreducible (f '' s) := by rintro u v hu hv ⟨_, ⟨⟨x, hx, rfl⟩, hxu⟩⟩ ⟨_, ⟨⟨y, hy, rfl⟩, hyv⟩⟩ rw [← mem_preimage] at hxu hyv rcases continuousOn_iff'.1 hf u hu with ⟨u', hu', u'_eq⟩ rcases continuousOn_iff'.1 hf v hv with ⟨v', hv', v'_eq⟩ have := H u' v' hu' hv' rw [inter_comm s u', ← u'_eq] at this rw [inter_comm s v', ← v'_eq] at this rcases this ⟨x, hxu, hx⟩ ⟨y, hyv, hy⟩ with ⟨x, hxs, hxu', hxv'⟩ refine ⟨f x, mem_image_of_mem f hxs, ?_, ?_⟩ all_goals rw [← mem_preimage] apply mem_of_mem_inter_left show x ∈ _ ∩ s simp [*] #align is_preirreducible.image IsPreirreducible.image theorem IsIrreducible.image (H : IsIrreducible s) (f : X → Y) (hf : ContinuousOn f s) : IsIrreducible (f '' s) := ⟨H.nonempty.image _, H.isPreirreducible.image f hf⟩ #align is_irreducible.image IsIrreducible.image theorem Subtype.preirreducibleSpace (h : IsPreirreducible s) : PreirreducibleSpace s where isPreirreducible_univ := by rintro _ _ ⟨u, hu, rfl⟩ ⟨v, hv, rfl⟩ ⟨⟨x, hxs⟩, -, hxu⟩ ⟨⟨y, hys⟩, -, hyv⟩ rcases h u v hu hv ⟨x, hxs, hxu⟩ ⟨y, hys, hyv⟩ with ⟨x, hxs, ⟨hxu, hxv⟩⟩ exact ⟨⟨x, hxs⟩, ⟨Set.mem_univ _, ⟨hxu, hxv⟩⟩⟩ #align subtype.preirreducible_space Subtype.preirreducibleSpace theorem Subtype.irreducibleSpace (h : IsIrreducible s) : IrreducibleSpace s where isPreirreducible_univ := (Subtype.preirreducibleSpace h.isPreirreducible).isPreirreducible_univ toNonempty := h.nonempty.to_subtype #align subtype.irreducible_space Subtype.irreducibleSpace instance (priority := 100) {X} [Infinite X] : IrreducibleSpace (CofiniteTopology X) where isPreirreducible_univ u v := by haveI : Infinite (CofiniteTopology X) := ‹_› simp only [CofiniteTopology.isOpen_iff, univ_inter] intro hu hv hu' hv' simpa only [compl_union, compl_compl] using ((hu hu').union (hv hv')).infinite_compl.nonempty toNonempty := (inferInstance : Nonempty X) theorem isIrreducible_iff_sInter : IsIrreducible s ↔ ∀ (U : Finset (Set X)), (∀ u ∈ U, IsOpen u) → (∀ u ∈ U, (s ∩ u).Nonempty) → (s ∩ ⋂₀ ↑U).Nonempty := by refine ⟨fun h U hu hU => ?_, fun h => ⟨?_, ?_⟩⟩ · induction U using Finset.induction_on with | empty => simpa using h.nonempty | @insert u U _ IH => rw [Finset.coe_insert, sInter_insert] rw [Finset.forall_mem_insert] at hu hU exact h.2 _ _ hu.1 (U.finite_toSet.isOpen_sInter hu.2) hU.1 (IH hu.2 hU.2) · simpa using h ∅ · intro u v hu hv hu' hv' simpa [*] using h {u, v} #align is_irreducible_iff_sInter isIrreducible_iff_sInter theorem isPreirreducible_iff_closed_union_closed : IsPreirreducible s ↔ ∀ z₁ z₂ : Set X, IsClosed z₁ → IsClosed z₂ → s ⊆ z₁ ∪ z₂ → s ⊆ z₁ ∨ s ⊆ z₂ := by refine compl_surjective.forall.trans <| forall_congr' fun z₁ => compl_surjective.forall.trans <| forall_congr' fun z₂ => ?_ simp only [isOpen_compl_iff, ← compl_union, inter_compl_nonempty_iff] refine forall₂_congr fun _ _ => ?_ rw [← and_imp, ← not_or, not_imp_not] #align is_preirreducible_iff_closed_union_closed isPreirreducible_iff_closed_union_closed theorem isIrreducible_iff_sUnion_closed : IsIrreducible s ↔ ∀ t : Finset (Set X), (∀ z ∈ t, IsClosed z) → (s ⊆ ⋃₀ ↑t) → ∃ z ∈ t, s ⊆ z := by simp only [isIrreducible_iff_sInter] refine ((@compl_involutive (Set X) _).toPerm _).finsetCongr.forall_congr fun {t} => ?_ simp_rw [Equiv.finsetCongr_apply, Finset.forall_mem_map, Finset.mem_map, Finset.coe_map, sUnion_image, Equiv.coe_toEmbedding, Function.Involutive.coe_toPerm, isClosed_compl_iff, exists_exists_and_eq_and] refine forall_congr' fun _ => Iff.trans ?_ not_imp_not simp only [not_exists, not_and, ← compl_iInter₂, ← sInter_eq_biInter, subset_compl_iff_disjoint_right, not_disjoint_iff_nonempty_inter] #align is_irreducible_iff_sUnion_closed isIrreducible_iff_sUnion_closed theorem subset_closure_inter_of_isPreirreducible_of_isOpen {S U : Set X} (hS : IsPreirreducible S) (hU : IsOpen U) (h : (S ∩ U).Nonempty) : S ⊆ closure (S ∩ U) := by by_contra h' obtain ⟨x, h₁, h₂, h₃⟩ := hS _ (closure (S ∩ U))ᶜ hU isClosed_closure.isOpen_compl h (inter_compl_nonempty_iff.mpr h') exact h₃ (subset_closure ⟨h₁, h₂⟩) #align subset_closure_inter_of_is_preirreducible_of_is_open subset_closure_inter_of_isPreirreducible_of_isOpen theorem IsPreirreducible.subset_irreducible {S U : Set X} (ht : IsPreirreducible t) (hU : U.Nonempty) (hU' : IsOpen U) (h₁ : U ⊆ S) (h₂ : S ⊆ t) : IsIrreducible S := by obtain ⟨z, hz⟩ := hU replace ht : IsIrreducible t := ⟨⟨z, h₂ (h₁ hz)⟩, ht⟩ refine ⟨⟨z, h₁ hz⟩, ?_⟩ rintro u v hu hv ⟨x, hx, hx'⟩ ⟨y, hy, hy'⟩ obtain ⟨x, -, hx'⟩ : Set.Nonempty (t ∩ ⋂₀ ↑({U, u, v} : Finset (Set X))) := by refine isIrreducible_iff_sInter.mp ht {U, u, v} ?_ ?_ · simp [*] · intro U H simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at H rcases H with (rfl | rfl | rfl) exacts [⟨z, h₂ (h₁ hz), hz⟩, ⟨x, h₂ hx, hx'⟩, ⟨y, h₂ hy, hy'⟩] replace hx' : x ∈ U ∧ x ∈ u ∧ x ∈ v := by simpa using hx' exact ⟨x, h₁ hx'.1, hx'.2⟩ #align is_preirreducible.subset_irreducible IsPreirreducible.subset_irreducible theorem IsPreirreducible.open_subset {U : Set X} (ht : IsPreirreducible t) (hU : IsOpen U) (hU' : U ⊆ t) : IsPreirreducible U := U.eq_empty_or_nonempty.elim (fun h => h.symm ▸ isPreirreducible_empty) fun h => (ht.subset_irreducible h hU (fun _ => id) hU').2 #align is_preirreducible.open_subset IsPreirreducible.open_subset theorem IsPreirreducible.interior (ht : IsPreirreducible t) : IsPreirreducible (interior t) := ht.open_subset isOpen_interior interior_subset #align is_preirreducible.interior IsPreirreducible.interior
Mathlib/Topology/Irreducible.lean
332
339
theorem IsPreirreducible.preimage (ht : IsPreirreducible t) {f : Y → X} (hf : OpenEmbedding f) : IsPreirreducible (f ⁻¹' t) := by
rintro U V hU hV ⟨x, hx, hx'⟩ ⟨y, hy, hy'⟩ obtain ⟨_, h₁, ⟨y, h₂, rfl⟩, ⟨y', h₃, h₄⟩⟩ := ht _ _ (hf.isOpenMap _ hU) (hf.isOpenMap _ hV) ⟨f x, hx, Set.mem_image_of_mem f hx'⟩ ⟨f y, hy, Set.mem_image_of_mem f hy'⟩ cases hf.inj h₄ exact ⟨y, h₁, h₂, h₃⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Ring.Defs import Mathlib.Combinatorics.SimpleGraph.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Sym.Card open Finset Function namespace SimpleGraph variable {V : Type*} (G : SimpleGraph V) {e : Sym2 V} section EdgeFinset variable {G₁ G₂ : SimpleGraph V} [Fintype G.edgeSet] [Fintype G₁.edgeSet] [Fintype G₂.edgeSet] abbrev edgeFinset : Finset (Sym2 V) := Set.toFinset G.edgeSet #align simple_graph.edge_finset SimpleGraph.edgeFinset @[norm_cast] theorem coe_edgeFinset : (G.edgeFinset : Set (Sym2 V)) = G.edgeSet := Set.coe_toFinset _ #align simple_graph.coe_edge_finset SimpleGraph.coe_edgeFinset variable {G} theorem mem_edgeFinset : e ∈ G.edgeFinset ↔ e ∈ G.edgeSet := Set.mem_toFinset #align simple_graph.mem_edge_finset SimpleGraph.mem_edgeFinset theorem not_isDiag_of_mem_edgeFinset : e ∈ G.edgeFinset → ¬e.IsDiag := not_isDiag_of_mem_edgeSet _ ∘ mem_edgeFinset.1 #align simple_graph.not_is_diag_of_mem_edge_finset SimpleGraph.not_isDiag_of_mem_edgeFinset theorem edgeFinset_inj : G₁.edgeFinset = G₂.edgeFinset ↔ G₁ = G₂ := by simp #align simple_graph.edge_finset_inj SimpleGraph.edgeFinset_inj theorem edgeFinset_subset_edgeFinset : G₁.edgeFinset ⊆ G₂.edgeFinset ↔ G₁ ≤ G₂ := by simp #align simple_graph.edge_finset_subset_edge_finset SimpleGraph.edgeFinset_subset_edgeFinset
Mathlib/Combinatorics/SimpleGraph/Finite.lean
78
78
theorem edgeFinset_ssubset_edgeFinset : G₁.edgeFinset ⊂ G₂.edgeFinset ↔ G₁ < G₂ := by
simp
import Mathlib.Topology.Constructions #align_import topology.continuous_on from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d4f691b9e5f94cfc64639973f3544c95f8d5d494" open Set Filter Function Topology Filter variable {α : Type*} {β : Type*} {γ : Type*} {δ : Type*} variable [TopologicalSpace α] @[simp] theorem nhds_bind_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} : ((𝓝 a).bind fun x => 𝓝[s] x) = 𝓝[s] a := bind_inf_principal.trans <| congr_arg₂ _ nhds_bind_nhds rfl #align nhds_bind_nhds_within nhds_bind_nhdsWithin @[simp] theorem eventually_nhds_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} {p : α → Prop} : (∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 a, ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] y, p x) ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, p x := Filter.ext_iff.1 nhds_bind_nhdsWithin { x | p x } #align eventually_nhds_nhds_within eventually_nhds_nhdsWithin theorem eventually_nhdsWithin_iff {a : α} {s : Set α} {p : α → Prop} : (∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, p x) ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 a, x ∈ s → p x := eventually_inf_principal #align eventually_nhds_within_iff eventually_nhdsWithin_iff theorem frequently_nhdsWithin_iff {z : α} {s : Set α} {p : α → Prop} : (∃ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] z, p x) ↔ ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝 z, p x ∧ x ∈ s := frequently_inf_principal.trans <| by simp only [and_comm] #align frequently_nhds_within_iff frequently_nhdsWithin_iff theorem mem_closure_ne_iff_frequently_within {z : α} {s : Set α} : z ∈ closure (s \ {z}) ↔ ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝[≠] z, x ∈ s := by simp [mem_closure_iff_frequently, frequently_nhdsWithin_iff] #align mem_closure_ne_iff_frequently_within mem_closure_ne_iff_frequently_within @[simp] theorem eventually_nhdsWithin_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} {p : α → Prop} : (∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] a, ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] y, p x) ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, p x := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun h => (eventually_nhds_nhdsWithin.2 h).filter_mono inf_le_left⟩ simp only [eventually_nhdsWithin_iff] at h ⊢ exact h.mono fun x hx hxs => (hx hxs).self_of_nhds hxs #align eventually_nhds_within_nhds_within eventually_nhdsWithin_nhdsWithin theorem nhdsWithin_eq (a : α) (s : Set α) : 𝓝[s] a = ⨅ t ∈ { t : Set α | a ∈ t ∧ IsOpen t }, 𝓟 (t ∩ s) := ((nhds_basis_opens a).inf_principal s).eq_biInf #align nhds_within_eq nhdsWithin_eq theorem nhdsWithin_univ (a : α) : 𝓝[Set.univ] a = 𝓝 a := by rw [nhdsWithin, principal_univ, inf_top_eq] #align nhds_within_univ nhdsWithin_univ theorem nhdsWithin_hasBasis {p : β → Prop} {s : β → Set α} {a : α} (h : (𝓝 a).HasBasis p s) (t : Set α) : (𝓝[t] a).HasBasis p fun i => s i ∩ t := h.inf_principal t #align nhds_within_has_basis nhdsWithin_hasBasis theorem nhdsWithin_basis_open (a : α) (t : Set α) : (𝓝[t] a).HasBasis (fun u => a ∈ u ∧ IsOpen u) fun u => u ∩ t := nhdsWithin_hasBasis (nhds_basis_opens a) t #align nhds_within_basis_open nhdsWithin_basis_open theorem mem_nhdsWithin {t : Set α} {a : α} {s : Set α} : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a ↔ ∃ u, IsOpen u ∧ a ∈ u ∧ u ∩ s ⊆ t := by simpa only [and_assoc, and_left_comm] using (nhdsWithin_basis_open a s).mem_iff #align mem_nhds_within mem_nhdsWithin theorem mem_nhdsWithin_iff_exists_mem_nhds_inter {t : Set α} {a : α} {s : Set α} : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a ↔ ∃ u ∈ 𝓝 a, u ∩ s ⊆ t := (nhdsWithin_hasBasis (𝓝 a).basis_sets s).mem_iff #align mem_nhds_within_iff_exists_mem_nhds_inter mem_nhdsWithin_iff_exists_mem_nhds_inter theorem diff_mem_nhdsWithin_compl {x : α} {s : Set α} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 x) (t : Set α) : s \ t ∈ 𝓝[tᶜ] x := diff_mem_inf_principal_compl hs t #align diff_mem_nhds_within_compl diff_mem_nhdsWithin_compl theorem diff_mem_nhdsWithin_diff {x : α} {s t : Set α} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝[t] x) (t' : Set α) : s \ t' ∈ 𝓝[t \ t'] x := by rw [nhdsWithin, diff_eq, diff_eq, ← inf_principal, ← inf_assoc] exact inter_mem_inf hs (mem_principal_self _) #align diff_mem_nhds_within_diff diff_mem_nhdsWithin_diff theorem nhds_of_nhdsWithin_of_nhds {s t : Set α} {a : α} (h1 : s ∈ 𝓝 a) (h2 : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a) : t ∈ 𝓝 a := by rcases mem_nhdsWithin_iff_exists_mem_nhds_inter.mp h2 with ⟨_, Hw, hw⟩ exact (𝓝 a).sets_of_superset ((𝓝 a).inter_sets Hw h1) hw #align nhds_of_nhds_within_of_nhds nhds_of_nhdsWithin_of_nhds theorem mem_nhdsWithin_iff_eventually {s t : Set α} {x : α} : t ∈ 𝓝[s] x ↔ ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝 x, y ∈ s → y ∈ t := eventually_inf_principal #align mem_nhds_within_iff_eventually mem_nhdsWithin_iff_eventually theorem mem_nhdsWithin_iff_eventuallyEq {s t : Set α} {x : α} : t ∈ 𝓝[s] x ↔ s =ᶠ[𝓝 x] (s ∩ t : Set α) := by simp_rw [mem_nhdsWithin_iff_eventually, eventuallyEq_set, mem_inter_iff, iff_self_and] #align mem_nhds_within_iff_eventually_eq mem_nhdsWithin_iff_eventuallyEq theorem nhdsWithin_eq_iff_eventuallyEq {s t : Set α} {x : α} : 𝓝[s] x = 𝓝[t] x ↔ s =ᶠ[𝓝 x] t := set_eventuallyEq_iff_inf_principal.symm #align nhds_within_eq_iff_eventually_eq nhdsWithin_eq_iff_eventuallyEq theorem nhdsWithin_le_iff {s t : Set α} {x : α} : 𝓝[s] x ≤ 𝓝[t] x ↔ t ∈ 𝓝[s] x := set_eventuallyLE_iff_inf_principal_le.symm.trans set_eventuallyLE_iff_mem_inf_principal #align nhds_within_le_iff nhdsWithin_le_iff -- Porting note: golfed, dropped an unneeded assumption theorem preimage_nhdsWithin_coinduced' {π : α → β} {s : Set β} {t : Set α} {a : α} (h : a ∈ t) (hs : s ∈ @nhds β (.coinduced (fun x : t => π x) inferInstance) (π a)) : π ⁻¹' s ∈ 𝓝[t] a := by lift a to t using h replace hs : (fun x : t => π x) ⁻¹' s ∈ 𝓝 a := preimage_nhds_coinduced hs rwa [← map_nhds_subtype_val, mem_map] #align preimage_nhds_within_coinduced' preimage_nhdsWithin_coinduced'ₓ theorem mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds {s t : Set α} {a : α} (h : s ∈ 𝓝 a) : s ∈ 𝓝[t] a := mem_inf_of_left h #align mem_nhds_within_of_mem_nhds mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds theorem self_mem_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} : s ∈ 𝓝[s] a := mem_inf_of_right (mem_principal_self s) #align self_mem_nhds_within self_mem_nhdsWithin theorem eventually_mem_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, x ∈ s := self_mem_nhdsWithin #align eventually_mem_nhds_within eventually_mem_nhdsWithin theorem inter_mem_nhdsWithin (s : Set α) {t : Set α} {a : α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝 a) : s ∩ t ∈ 𝓝[s] a := inter_mem self_mem_nhdsWithin (mem_inf_of_left h) #align inter_mem_nhds_within inter_mem_nhdsWithin theorem nhdsWithin_mono (a : α) {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊆ t) : 𝓝[s] a ≤ 𝓝[t] a := inf_le_inf_left _ (principal_mono.mpr h) #align nhds_within_mono nhdsWithin_mono theorem pure_le_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s : Set α} (ha : a ∈ s) : pure a ≤ 𝓝[s] a := le_inf (pure_le_nhds a) (le_principal_iff.2 ha) #align pure_le_nhds_within pure_le_nhdsWithin theorem mem_of_mem_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s t : Set α} (ha : a ∈ s) (ht : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a) : a ∈ t := pure_le_nhdsWithin ha ht #align mem_of_mem_nhds_within mem_of_mem_nhdsWithin theorem Filter.Eventually.self_of_nhdsWithin {p : α → Prop} {s : Set α} {x : α} (h : ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[s] x, p y) (hx : x ∈ s) : p x := mem_of_mem_nhdsWithin hx h #align filter.eventually.self_of_nhds_within Filter.Eventually.self_of_nhdsWithin theorem tendsto_const_nhdsWithin {l : Filter β} {s : Set α} {a : α} (ha : a ∈ s) : Tendsto (fun _ : β => a) l (𝓝[s] a) := tendsto_const_pure.mono_right <| pure_le_nhdsWithin ha #align tendsto_const_nhds_within tendsto_const_nhdsWithin theorem nhdsWithin_restrict'' {a : α} (s : Set α) {t : Set α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a) : 𝓝[s] a = 𝓝[s ∩ t] a := le_antisymm (le_inf inf_le_left (le_principal_iff.mpr (inter_mem self_mem_nhdsWithin h))) (inf_le_inf_left _ (principal_mono.mpr Set.inter_subset_left)) #align nhds_within_restrict'' nhdsWithin_restrict'' theorem nhdsWithin_restrict' {a : α} (s : Set α) {t : Set α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝 a) : 𝓝[s] a = 𝓝[s ∩ t] a := nhdsWithin_restrict'' s <| mem_inf_of_left h #align nhds_within_restrict' nhdsWithin_restrict' theorem nhdsWithin_restrict {a : α} (s : Set α) {t : Set α} (h₀ : a ∈ t) (h₁ : IsOpen t) : 𝓝[s] a = 𝓝[s ∩ t] a := nhdsWithin_restrict' s (IsOpen.mem_nhds h₁ h₀) #align nhds_within_restrict nhdsWithin_restrict theorem nhdsWithin_le_of_mem {a : α} {s t : Set α} (h : s ∈ 𝓝[t] a) : 𝓝[t] a ≤ 𝓝[s] a := nhdsWithin_le_iff.mpr h #align nhds_within_le_of_mem nhdsWithin_le_of_mem theorem nhdsWithin_le_nhds {a : α} {s : Set α} : 𝓝[s] a ≤ 𝓝 a := by rw [← nhdsWithin_univ] apply nhdsWithin_le_of_mem exact univ_mem #align nhds_within_le_nhds nhdsWithin_le_nhds theorem nhdsWithin_eq_nhdsWithin' {a : α} {s t u : Set α} (hs : s ∈ 𝓝 a) (h₂ : t ∩ s = u ∩ s) : 𝓝[t] a = 𝓝[u] a := by rw [nhdsWithin_restrict' t hs, nhdsWithin_restrict' u hs, h₂] #align nhds_within_eq_nhds_within' nhdsWithin_eq_nhdsWithin' theorem nhdsWithin_eq_nhdsWithin {a : α} {s t u : Set α} (h₀ : a ∈ s) (h₁ : IsOpen s) (h₂ : t ∩ s = u ∩ s) : 𝓝[t] a = 𝓝[u] a := by rw [nhdsWithin_restrict t h₀ h₁, nhdsWithin_restrict u h₀ h₁, h₂] #align nhds_within_eq_nhds_within nhdsWithin_eq_nhdsWithin @[simp] theorem nhdsWithin_eq_nhds {a : α} {s : Set α} : 𝓝[s] a = 𝓝 a ↔ s ∈ 𝓝 a := inf_eq_left.trans le_principal_iff #align nhds_within_eq_nhds nhdsWithin_eq_nhds theorem IsOpen.nhdsWithin_eq {a : α} {s : Set α} (h : IsOpen s) (ha : a ∈ s) : 𝓝[s] a = 𝓝 a := nhdsWithin_eq_nhds.2 <| h.mem_nhds ha #align is_open.nhds_within_eq IsOpen.nhdsWithin_eq theorem preimage_nhds_within_coinduced {π : α → β} {s : Set β} {t : Set α} {a : α} (h : a ∈ t) (ht : IsOpen t) (hs : s ∈ @nhds β (.coinduced (fun x : t => π x) inferInstance) (π a)) : π ⁻¹' s ∈ 𝓝 a := by rw [← ht.nhdsWithin_eq h] exact preimage_nhdsWithin_coinduced' h hs #align preimage_nhds_within_coinduced preimage_nhds_within_coinduced @[simp] theorem nhdsWithin_empty (a : α) : 𝓝[∅] a = ⊥ := by rw [nhdsWithin, principal_empty, inf_bot_eq] #align nhds_within_empty nhdsWithin_empty theorem nhdsWithin_union (a : α) (s t : Set α) : 𝓝[s ∪ t] a = 𝓝[s] a ⊔ 𝓝[t] a := by delta nhdsWithin rw [← inf_sup_left, sup_principal] #align nhds_within_union nhdsWithin_union theorem nhdsWithin_biUnion {ι} {I : Set ι} (hI : I.Finite) (s : ι → Set α) (a : α) : 𝓝[⋃ i ∈ I, s i] a = ⨆ i ∈ I, 𝓝[s i] a := Set.Finite.induction_on hI (by simp) fun _ _ hT ↦ by simp only [hT, nhdsWithin_union, iSup_insert, biUnion_insert] #align nhds_within_bUnion nhdsWithin_biUnion theorem nhdsWithin_sUnion {S : Set (Set α)} (hS : S.Finite) (a : α) : 𝓝[⋃₀ S] a = ⨆ s ∈ S, 𝓝[s] a := by rw [sUnion_eq_biUnion, nhdsWithin_biUnion hS] #align nhds_within_sUnion nhdsWithin_sUnion theorem nhdsWithin_iUnion {ι} [Finite ι] (s : ι → Set α) (a : α) : 𝓝[⋃ i, s i] a = ⨆ i, 𝓝[s i] a := by rw [← sUnion_range, nhdsWithin_sUnion (finite_range s), iSup_range] #align nhds_within_Union nhdsWithin_iUnion theorem nhdsWithin_inter (a : α) (s t : Set α) : 𝓝[s ∩ t] a = 𝓝[s] a ⊓ 𝓝[t] a := by delta nhdsWithin rw [inf_left_comm, inf_assoc, inf_principal, ← inf_assoc, inf_idem] #align nhds_within_inter nhdsWithin_inter theorem nhdsWithin_inter' (a : α) (s t : Set α) : 𝓝[s ∩ t] a = 𝓝[s] a ⊓ 𝓟 t := by delta nhdsWithin rw [← inf_principal, inf_assoc] #align nhds_within_inter' nhdsWithin_inter' theorem nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem {a : α} {s t : Set α} (h : s ∈ 𝓝[t] a) : 𝓝[s ∩ t] a = 𝓝[t] a := by rw [nhdsWithin_inter, inf_eq_right] exact nhdsWithin_le_of_mem h #align nhds_within_inter_of_mem nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem theorem nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem' {a : α} {s t : Set α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a) : 𝓝[s ∩ t] a = 𝓝[s] a := by rw [inter_comm, nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem h] #align nhds_within_inter_of_mem' nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem' @[simp] theorem nhdsWithin_singleton (a : α) : 𝓝[{a}] a = pure a := by rw [nhdsWithin, principal_singleton, inf_eq_right.2 (pure_le_nhds a)] #align nhds_within_singleton nhdsWithin_singleton @[simp] theorem nhdsWithin_insert (a : α) (s : Set α) : 𝓝[insert a s] a = pure a ⊔ 𝓝[s] a := by rw [← singleton_union, nhdsWithin_union, nhdsWithin_singleton] #align nhds_within_insert nhdsWithin_insert theorem mem_nhdsWithin_insert {a : α} {s t : Set α} : t ∈ 𝓝[insert a s] a ↔ a ∈ t ∧ t ∈ 𝓝[s] a := by simp #align mem_nhds_within_insert mem_nhdsWithin_insert theorem insert_mem_nhdsWithin_insert {a : α} {s t : Set α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝[s] a) : insert a t ∈ 𝓝[insert a s] a := by simp [mem_of_superset h] #align insert_mem_nhds_within_insert insert_mem_nhdsWithin_insert theorem insert_mem_nhds_iff {a : α} {s : Set α} : insert a s ∈ 𝓝 a ↔ s ∈ 𝓝[≠] a := by simp only [nhdsWithin, mem_inf_principal, mem_compl_iff, mem_singleton_iff, or_iff_not_imp_left, insert_def] #align insert_mem_nhds_iff insert_mem_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem nhdsWithin_compl_singleton_sup_pure (a : α) : 𝓝[≠] a ⊔ pure a = 𝓝 a := by rw [← nhdsWithin_singleton, ← nhdsWithin_union, compl_union_self, nhdsWithin_univ] #align nhds_within_compl_singleton_sup_pure nhdsWithin_compl_singleton_sup_pure theorem nhdsWithin_prod {α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {β : Type*} [TopologicalSpace β] {s u : Set α} {t v : Set β} {a : α} {b : β} (hu : u ∈ 𝓝[s] a) (hv : v ∈ 𝓝[t] b) : u ×ˢ v ∈ 𝓝[s ×ˢ t] (a, b) := by rw [nhdsWithin_prod_eq] exact prod_mem_prod hu hv #align nhds_within_prod nhdsWithin_prod theorem nhdsWithin_pi_eq' {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {I : Set ι} (hI : I.Finite) (s : ∀ i, Set (α i)) (x : ∀ i, α i) : 𝓝[pi I s] x = ⨅ i, comap (fun x => x i) (𝓝 (x i) ⊓ ⨅ (_ : i ∈ I), 𝓟 (s i)) := by simp only [nhdsWithin, nhds_pi, Filter.pi, comap_inf, comap_iInf, pi_def, comap_principal, ← iInf_principal_finite hI, ← iInf_inf_eq] #align nhds_within_pi_eq' nhdsWithin_pi_eq' theorem nhdsWithin_pi_eq {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {I : Set ι} (hI : I.Finite) (s : ∀ i, Set (α i)) (x : ∀ i, α i) : 𝓝[pi I s] x = (⨅ i ∈ I, comap (fun x => x i) (𝓝[s i] x i)) ⊓ ⨅ (i) (_ : i ∉ I), comap (fun x => x i) (𝓝 (x i)) := by simp only [nhdsWithin, nhds_pi, Filter.pi, pi_def, ← iInf_principal_finite hI, comap_inf, comap_principal, eval] rw [iInf_split _ fun i => i ∈ I, inf_right_comm] simp only [iInf_inf_eq] #align nhds_within_pi_eq nhdsWithin_pi_eq theorem nhdsWithin_pi_univ_eq {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [Finite ι] [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] (s : ∀ i, Set (α i)) (x : ∀ i, α i) : 𝓝[pi univ s] x = ⨅ i, comap (fun x => x i) (𝓝[s i] x i) := by simpa [nhdsWithin] using nhdsWithin_pi_eq finite_univ s x #align nhds_within_pi_univ_eq nhdsWithin_pi_univ_eq theorem nhdsWithin_pi_eq_bot {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {I : Set ι} {s : ∀ i, Set (α i)} {x : ∀ i, α i} : 𝓝[pi I s] x = ⊥ ↔ ∃ i ∈ I, 𝓝[s i] x i = ⊥ := by simp only [nhdsWithin, nhds_pi, pi_inf_principal_pi_eq_bot] #align nhds_within_pi_eq_bot nhdsWithin_pi_eq_bot theorem nhdsWithin_pi_neBot {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {I : Set ι} {s : ∀ i, Set (α i)} {x : ∀ i, α i} : (𝓝[pi I s] x).NeBot ↔ ∀ i ∈ I, (𝓝[s i] x i).NeBot := by simp [neBot_iff, nhdsWithin_pi_eq_bot] #align nhds_within_pi_ne_bot nhdsWithin_pi_neBot theorem Filter.Tendsto.piecewise_nhdsWithin {f g : α → β} {t : Set α} [∀ x, Decidable (x ∈ t)] {a : α} {s : Set α} {l : Filter β} (h₀ : Tendsto f (𝓝[s ∩ t] a) l) (h₁ : Tendsto g (𝓝[s ∩ tᶜ] a) l) : Tendsto (piecewise t f g) (𝓝[s] a) l := by apply Tendsto.piecewise <;> rwa [← nhdsWithin_inter'] #align filter.tendsto.piecewise_nhds_within Filter.Tendsto.piecewise_nhdsWithin theorem Filter.Tendsto.if_nhdsWithin {f g : α → β} {p : α → Prop} [DecidablePred p] {a : α} {s : Set α} {l : Filter β} (h₀ : Tendsto f (𝓝[s ∩ { x | p x }] a) l) (h₁ : Tendsto g (𝓝[s ∩ { x | ¬p x }] a) l) : Tendsto (fun x => if p x then f x else g x) (𝓝[s] a) l := h₀.piecewise_nhdsWithin h₁ #align filter.tendsto.if_nhds_within Filter.Tendsto.if_nhdsWithin theorem map_nhdsWithin (f : α → β) (a : α) (s : Set α) : map f (𝓝[s] a) = ⨅ t ∈ { t : Set α | a ∈ t ∧ IsOpen t }, 𝓟 (f '' (t ∩ s)) := ((nhdsWithin_basis_open a s).map f).eq_biInf #align map_nhds_within map_nhdsWithin theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_mono_left {f : α → β} {a : α} {s t : Set α} {l : Filter β} (hst : s ⊆ t) (h : Tendsto f (𝓝[t] a) l) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) l := h.mono_left <| nhdsWithin_mono a hst #align tendsto_nhds_within_mono_left tendsto_nhdsWithin_mono_left theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_mono_right {f : β → α} {l : Filter β} {a : α} {s t : Set α} (hst : s ⊆ t) (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝[s] a)) : Tendsto f l (𝓝[t] a) := h.mono_right (nhdsWithin_mono a hst) #align tendsto_nhds_within_mono_right tendsto_nhdsWithin_mono_right theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_of_tendsto_nhds {f : α → β} {a : α} {s : Set α} {l : Filter β} (h : Tendsto f (𝓝 a) l) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) l := h.mono_left inf_le_left #align tendsto_nhds_within_of_tendsto_nhds tendsto_nhdsWithin_of_tendsto_nhds theorem eventually_mem_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin {f : β → α} {a : α} {s : Set α} {l : Filter β} (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝[s] a)) : ∀ᶠ i in l, f i ∈ s := by simp_rw [nhdsWithin_eq, tendsto_iInf, mem_setOf_eq, tendsto_principal, mem_inter_iff, eventually_and] at h exact (h univ ⟨mem_univ a, isOpen_univ⟩).2 #align eventually_mem_of_tendsto_nhds_within eventually_mem_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin theorem tendsto_nhds_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin {f : β → α} {a : α} {s : Set α} {l : Filter β} (h : Tendsto f l (𝓝[s] a)) : Tendsto f l (𝓝 a) := h.mono_right nhdsWithin_le_nhds #align tendsto_nhds_of_tendsto_nhds_within tendsto_nhds_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin theorem nhdsWithin_neBot_of_mem {s : Set α} {x : α} (hx : x ∈ s) : NeBot (𝓝[s] x) := mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot.1 <| subset_closure hx #align nhds_within_ne_bot_of_mem nhdsWithin_neBot_of_mem theorem IsClosed.mem_of_nhdsWithin_neBot {s : Set α} (hs : IsClosed s) {x : α} (hx : NeBot <| 𝓝[s] x) : x ∈ s := hs.closure_eq ▸ mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot.2 hx #align is_closed.mem_of_nhds_within_ne_bot IsClosed.mem_of_nhdsWithin_neBot theorem DenseRange.nhdsWithin_neBot {ι : Type*} {f : ι → α} (h : DenseRange f) (x : α) : NeBot (𝓝[range f] x) := mem_closure_iff_clusterPt.1 (h x) #align dense_range.nhds_within_ne_bot DenseRange.nhdsWithin_neBot theorem mem_closure_pi {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {I : Set ι} {s : ∀ i, Set (α i)} {x : ∀ i, α i} : x ∈ closure (pi I s) ↔ ∀ i ∈ I, x i ∈ closure (s i) := by simp only [mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot, nhdsWithin_pi_neBot] #align mem_closure_pi mem_closure_pi theorem closure_pi_set {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] (I : Set ι) (s : ∀ i, Set (α i)) : closure (pi I s) = pi I fun i => closure (s i) := Set.ext fun _ => mem_closure_pi #align closure_pi_set closure_pi_set theorem dense_pi {ι : Type*} {α : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (α i)] {s : ∀ i, Set (α i)} (I : Set ι) (hs : ∀ i ∈ I, Dense (s i)) : Dense (pi I s) := by simp only [dense_iff_closure_eq, closure_pi_set, pi_congr rfl fun i hi => (hs i hi).closure_eq, pi_univ] #align dense_pi dense_pi theorem eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_iff {f g : α → β} {s : Set α} {a : α} : f =ᶠ[𝓝[s] a] g ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 a, x ∈ s → f x = g x := mem_inf_principal #align eventually_eq_nhds_within_iff eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_iff theorem eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_of_eqOn {f g : α → β} {s : Set α} {a : α} (h : EqOn f g s) : f =ᶠ[𝓝[s] a] g := mem_inf_of_right h #align eventually_eq_nhds_within_of_eq_on eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_of_eqOn theorem Set.EqOn.eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin {f g : α → β} {s : Set α} {a : α} (h : EqOn f g s) : f =ᶠ[𝓝[s] a] g := eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_of_eqOn h #align set.eq_on.eventually_eq_nhds_within Set.EqOn.eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_congr {f g : α → β} {s : Set α} {a : α} {l : Filter β} (hfg : ∀ x ∈ s, f x = g x) (hf : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) l) : Tendsto g (𝓝[s] a) l := (tendsto_congr' <| eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin_of_eqOn hfg).1 hf #align tendsto_nhds_within_congr tendsto_nhdsWithin_congr theorem eventually_nhdsWithin_of_forall {s : Set α} {a : α} {p : α → Prop} (h : ∀ x ∈ s, p x) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, p x := mem_inf_of_right h #align eventually_nhds_within_of_forall eventually_nhdsWithin_of_forall theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_of_tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_within {a : α} {l : Filter β} {s : Set α} (f : β → α) (h1 : Tendsto f l (𝓝 a)) (h2 : ∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ s) : Tendsto f l (𝓝[s] a) := tendsto_inf.2 ⟨h1, tendsto_principal.2 h2⟩ #align tendsto_nhds_within_of_tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_within tendsto_nhdsWithin_of_tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_within theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff {a : α} {l : Filter β} {s : Set α} {f : β → α} : Tendsto f l (𝓝[s] a) ↔ Tendsto f l (𝓝 a) ∧ ∀ᶠ n in l, f n ∈ s := ⟨fun h => ⟨tendsto_nhds_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin h, eventually_mem_of_tendsto_nhdsWithin h⟩, fun h => tendsto_nhdsWithin_of_tendsto_nhds_of_eventually_within _ h.1 h.2⟩ #align tendsto_nhds_within_iff tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff @[simp] theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_range {a : α} {l : Filter β} {f : β → α} : Tendsto f l (𝓝[range f] a) ↔ Tendsto f l (𝓝 a) := ⟨fun h => h.mono_right inf_le_left, fun h => tendsto_inf.2 ⟨h, tendsto_principal.2 <| eventually_of_forall mem_range_self⟩⟩ #align tendsto_nhds_within_range tendsto_nhdsWithin_range theorem Filter.EventuallyEq.eq_of_nhdsWithin {s : Set α} {f g : α → β} {a : α} (h : f =ᶠ[𝓝[s] a] g) (hmem : a ∈ s) : f a = g a := h.self_of_nhdsWithin hmem #align filter.eventually_eq.eq_of_nhds_within Filter.EventuallyEq.eq_of_nhdsWithin theorem eventually_nhdsWithin_of_eventually_nhds {α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace α] {s : Set α} {a : α} {p : α → Prop} (h : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 a, p x) : ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, p x := mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds h #align eventually_nhds_within_of_eventually_nhds eventually_nhdsWithin_of_eventually_nhds theorem mem_nhdsWithin_subtype {s : Set α} {a : { x // x ∈ s }} {t u : Set { x // x ∈ s }} : t ∈ 𝓝[u] a ↔ t ∈ comap ((↑) : s → α) (𝓝[(↑) '' u] a) := by rw [nhdsWithin, nhds_subtype, principal_subtype, ← comap_inf, ← nhdsWithin] #align mem_nhds_within_subtype mem_nhdsWithin_subtype theorem nhdsWithin_subtype (s : Set α) (a : { x // x ∈ s }) (t : Set { x // x ∈ s }) : 𝓝[t] a = comap ((↑) : s → α) (𝓝[(↑) '' t] a) := Filter.ext fun _ => mem_nhdsWithin_subtype #align nhds_within_subtype nhdsWithin_subtype theorem nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe {s : Set α} {a : α} (h : a ∈ s) : 𝓝[s] a = map ((↑) : s → α) (𝓝 ⟨a, h⟩) := (map_nhds_subtype_val ⟨a, h⟩).symm #align nhds_within_eq_map_subtype_coe nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe theorem mem_nhds_subtype_iff_nhdsWithin {s : Set α} {a : s} {t : Set s} : t ∈ 𝓝 a ↔ (↑) '' t ∈ 𝓝[s] (a : α) := by rw [← map_nhds_subtype_val, image_mem_map_iff Subtype.val_injective] #align mem_nhds_subtype_iff_nhds_within mem_nhds_subtype_iff_nhdsWithin theorem preimage_coe_mem_nhds_subtype {s t : Set α} {a : s} : (↑) ⁻¹' t ∈ 𝓝 a ↔ t ∈ 𝓝[s] ↑a := by rw [← map_nhds_subtype_val, mem_map] #align preimage_coe_mem_nhds_subtype preimage_coe_mem_nhds_subtype theorem eventually_nhds_subtype_iff (s : Set α) (a : s) (P : α → Prop) : (∀ᶠ x : s in 𝓝 a, P x) ↔ ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, P x := preimage_coe_mem_nhds_subtype theorem frequently_nhds_subtype_iff (s : Set α) (a : s) (P : α → Prop) : (∃ᶠ x : s in 𝓝 a, P x) ↔ ∃ᶠ x in 𝓝[s] a, P x := eventually_nhds_subtype_iff s a (¬ P ·) |>.not theorem tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff_subtype {s : Set α} {a : α} (h : a ∈ s) (f : α → β) (l : Filter β) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] a) l ↔ Tendsto (s.restrict f) (𝓝 ⟨a, h⟩) l := by rw [nhdsWithin_eq_map_subtype_coe h, tendsto_map'_iff]; rfl #align tendsto_nhds_within_iff_subtype tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff_subtype variable [TopologicalSpace β] [TopologicalSpace γ] [TopologicalSpace δ] theorem ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] x) (𝓝 (f x)) := h #align continuous_within_at.tendsto ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto theorem ContinuousOn.continuousWithinAt {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} (hf : ContinuousOn f s) (hx : x ∈ s) : ContinuousWithinAt f s x := hf x hx #align continuous_on.continuous_within_at ContinuousOn.continuousWithinAt theorem continuousWithinAt_univ (f : α → β) (x : α) : ContinuousWithinAt f Set.univ x ↔ ContinuousAt f x := by rw [ContinuousAt, ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_univ] #align continuous_within_at_univ continuousWithinAt_univ theorem continuous_iff_continuousOn_univ {f : α → β} : Continuous f ↔ ContinuousOn f univ := by simp [continuous_iff_continuousAt, ContinuousOn, ContinuousAt, ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_univ] #align continuous_iff_continuous_on_univ continuous_iff_continuousOn_univ theorem continuousWithinAt_iff_continuousAt_restrict (f : α → β) {x : α} {s : Set α} (h : x ∈ s) : ContinuousWithinAt f s x ↔ ContinuousAt (s.restrict f) ⟨x, h⟩ := tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff_subtype h f _ #align continuous_within_at_iff_continuous_at_restrict continuousWithinAt_iff_continuousAt_restrict theorem ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto_nhdsWithin {f : α → β} {x : α} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) (ht : MapsTo f s t) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] x) (𝓝[t] f x) := tendsto_inf.2 ⟨h, tendsto_principal.2 <| mem_inf_of_right <| mem_principal.2 <| ht⟩ #align continuous_within_at.tendsto_nhds_within ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto_nhdsWithin theorem ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto_nhdsWithin_image {f : α → β} {x : α} {s : Set α} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) : Tendsto f (𝓝[s] x) (𝓝[f '' s] f x) := h.tendsto_nhdsWithin (mapsTo_image _ _) #align continuous_within_at.tendsto_nhds_within_image ContinuousWithinAt.tendsto_nhdsWithin_image theorem ContinuousWithinAt.prod_map {f : α → γ} {g : β → δ} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} {x : α} {y : β} (hf : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) (hg : ContinuousWithinAt g t y) : ContinuousWithinAt (Prod.map f g) (s ×ˢ t) (x, y) := by unfold ContinuousWithinAt at * rw [nhdsWithin_prod_eq, Prod.map, nhds_prod_eq] exact hf.prod_map hg #align continuous_within_at.prod_map ContinuousWithinAt.prod_map theorem continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_left [DiscreteTopology α] {f : α × β → γ} {s : Set (α × β)} {x : α × β} : ContinuousWithinAt f s x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt (f ⟨x.1, ·⟩) {b | (x.1, b) ∈ s} x.2 := by rw [← x.eta]; simp_rw [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin, nhds_prod_eq, nhds_discrete, pure_prod, ← map_inf_principal_preimage]; rfl theorem continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_right [DiscreteTopology β] {f : α × β → γ} {s : Set (α × β)} {x : α × β} : ContinuousWithinAt f s x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt (f ⟨·, x.2⟩) {a | (a, x.2) ∈ s} x.1 := by rw [← x.eta]; simp_rw [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin, nhds_prod_eq, nhds_discrete, prod_pure, ← map_inf_principal_preimage]; rfl theorem continuousAt_prod_of_discrete_left [DiscreteTopology α] {f : α × β → γ} {x : α × β} : ContinuousAt f x ↔ ContinuousAt (f ⟨x.1, ·⟩) x.2 := by simp_rw [← continuousWithinAt_univ]; exact continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_left theorem continuousAt_prod_of_discrete_right [DiscreteTopology β] {f : α × β → γ} {x : α × β} : ContinuousAt f x ↔ ContinuousAt (f ⟨·, x.2⟩) x.1 := by simp_rw [← continuousWithinAt_univ]; exact continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_right theorem continuousOn_prod_of_discrete_left [DiscreteTopology α] {f : α × β → γ} {s : Set (α × β)} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ a, ContinuousOn (f ⟨a, ·⟩) {b | (a, b) ∈ s} := by simp_rw [ContinuousOn, Prod.forall, continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_left]; rfl theorem continuousOn_prod_of_discrete_right [DiscreteTopology β] {f : α × β → γ} {s : Set (α × β)} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ b, ContinuousOn (f ⟨·, b⟩) {a | (a, b) ∈ s} := by simp_rw [ContinuousOn, Prod.forall, continuousWithinAt_prod_of_discrete_right]; apply forall_swap theorem continuous_prod_of_discrete_left [DiscreteTopology α] {f : α × β → γ} : Continuous f ↔ ∀ a, Continuous (f ⟨a, ·⟩) := by simp_rw [continuous_iff_continuousOn_univ]; exact continuousOn_prod_of_discrete_left theorem continuous_prod_of_discrete_right [DiscreteTopology β] {f : α × β → γ} : Continuous f ↔ ∀ b, Continuous (f ⟨·, b⟩) := by simp_rw [continuous_iff_continuousOn_univ]; exact continuousOn_prod_of_discrete_right theorem isOpenMap_prod_of_discrete_left [DiscreteTopology α] {f : α × β → γ} : IsOpenMap f ↔ ∀ a, IsOpenMap (f ⟨a, ·⟩) := by simp_rw [isOpenMap_iff_nhds_le, Prod.forall, nhds_prod_eq, nhds_discrete, pure_prod, map_map] rfl theorem isOpenMap_prod_of_discrete_right [DiscreteTopology β] {f : α × β → γ} : IsOpenMap f ↔ ∀ b, IsOpenMap (f ⟨·, b⟩) := by simp_rw [isOpenMap_iff_nhds_le, Prod.forall, forall_swap (α := α) (β := β), nhds_prod_eq, nhds_discrete, prod_pure, map_map]; rfl theorem continuousWithinAt_pi {ι : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {f : α → ∀ i, π i} {s : Set α} {x : α} : ContinuousWithinAt f s x ↔ ∀ i, ContinuousWithinAt (fun y => f y i) s x := tendsto_pi_nhds #align continuous_within_at_pi continuousWithinAt_pi theorem continuousOn_pi {ι : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {f : α → ∀ i, π i} {s : Set α} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ i, ContinuousOn (fun y => f y i) s := ⟨fun h i x hx => tendsto_pi_nhds.1 (h x hx) i, fun h x hx => tendsto_pi_nhds.2 fun i => h i x hx⟩ #align continuous_on_pi continuousOn_pi @[fun_prop] theorem continuousOn_pi' {ι : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] {f : α → ∀ i, π i} {s : Set α} (hf : ∀ i, ContinuousOn (fun y => f y i) s) : ContinuousOn f s := continuousOn_pi.2 hf theorem ContinuousWithinAt.fin_insertNth {n} {π : Fin (n + 1) → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] (i : Fin (n + 1)) {f : α → π i} {a : α} {s : Set α} (hf : ContinuousWithinAt f s a) {g : α → ∀ j : Fin n, π (i.succAbove j)} (hg : ContinuousWithinAt g s a) : ContinuousWithinAt (fun a => i.insertNth (f a) (g a)) s a := hf.tendsto.fin_insertNth i hg #align continuous_within_at.fin_insert_nth ContinuousWithinAt.fin_insertNth nonrec theorem ContinuousOn.fin_insertNth {n} {π : Fin (n + 1) → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (π i)] (i : Fin (n + 1)) {f : α → π i} {s : Set α} (hf : ContinuousOn f s) {g : α → ∀ j : Fin n, π (i.succAbove j)} (hg : ContinuousOn g s) : ContinuousOn (fun a => i.insertNth (f a) (g a)) s := fun a ha => (hf a ha).fin_insertNth i (hg a ha) #align continuous_on.fin_insert_nth ContinuousOn.fin_insertNth theorem continuousOn_iff {f : α → β} {s : Set α} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ t : Set β, IsOpen t → f x ∈ t → ∃ u, IsOpen u ∧ x ∈ u ∧ u ∩ s ⊆ f ⁻¹' t := by simp only [ContinuousOn, ContinuousWithinAt, tendsto_nhds, mem_nhdsWithin] #align continuous_on_iff continuousOn_iff theorem continuousOn_iff_continuous_restrict {f : α → β} {s : Set α} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ Continuous (s.restrict f) := by rw [ContinuousOn, continuous_iff_continuousAt]; constructor · rintro h ⟨x, xs⟩ exact (continuousWithinAt_iff_continuousAt_restrict f xs).mp (h x xs) intro h x xs exact (continuousWithinAt_iff_continuousAt_restrict f xs).mpr (h ⟨x, xs⟩) #align continuous_on_iff_continuous_restrict continuousOn_iff_continuous_restrict -- Porting note: 2 new lemmas alias ⟨ContinuousOn.restrict, _⟩ := continuousOn_iff_continuous_restrict theorem ContinuousOn.restrict_mapsTo {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (hf : ContinuousOn f s) (ht : MapsTo f s t) : Continuous (ht.restrict f s t) := hf.restrict.codRestrict _ theorem continuousOn_iff' {f : α → β} {s : Set α} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ t : Set β, IsOpen t → ∃ u, IsOpen u ∧ f ⁻¹' t ∩ s = u ∩ s := by have : ∀ t, IsOpen (s.restrict f ⁻¹' t) ↔ ∃ u : Set α, IsOpen u ∧ f ⁻¹' t ∩ s = u ∩ s := by intro t rw [isOpen_induced_iff, Set.restrict_eq, Set.preimage_comp] simp only [Subtype.preimage_coe_eq_preimage_coe_iff] constructor <;> · rintro ⟨u, ou, useq⟩ exact ⟨u, ou, by simpa only [Set.inter_comm, eq_comm] using useq⟩ rw [continuousOn_iff_continuous_restrict, continuous_def]; simp only [this] #align continuous_on_iff' continuousOn_iff' theorem ContinuousOn.mono_dom {α β : Type*} {t₁ t₂ : TopologicalSpace α} {t₃ : TopologicalSpace β} (h₁ : t₂ ≤ t₁) {s : Set α} {f : α → β} (h₂ : @ContinuousOn α β t₁ t₃ f s) : @ContinuousOn α β t₂ t₃ f s := fun x hx _u hu => map_mono (inf_le_inf_right _ <| nhds_mono h₁) (h₂ x hx hu) #align continuous_on.mono_dom ContinuousOn.mono_dom theorem ContinuousOn.mono_rng {α β : Type*} {t₁ : TopologicalSpace α} {t₂ t₃ : TopologicalSpace β} (h₁ : t₂ ≤ t₃) {s : Set α} {f : α → β} (h₂ : @ContinuousOn α β t₁ t₂ f s) : @ContinuousOn α β t₁ t₃ f s := fun x hx _u hu => h₂ x hx <| nhds_mono h₁ hu #align continuous_on.mono_rng ContinuousOn.mono_rng theorem continuousOn_iff_isClosed {f : α → β} {s : Set α} : ContinuousOn f s ↔ ∀ t : Set β, IsClosed t → ∃ u, IsClosed u ∧ f ⁻¹' t ∩ s = u ∩ s := by have : ∀ t, IsClosed (s.restrict f ⁻¹' t) ↔ ∃ u : Set α, IsClosed u ∧ f ⁻¹' t ∩ s = u ∩ s := by intro t rw [isClosed_induced_iff, Set.restrict_eq, Set.preimage_comp] simp only [Subtype.preimage_coe_eq_preimage_coe_iff, eq_comm, Set.inter_comm s] rw [continuousOn_iff_continuous_restrict, continuous_iff_isClosed]; simp only [this] #align continuous_on_iff_is_closed continuousOn_iff_isClosed theorem ContinuousOn.prod_map {f : α → γ} {g : β → δ} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (hf : ContinuousOn f s) (hg : ContinuousOn g t) : ContinuousOn (Prod.map f g) (s ×ˢ t) := fun ⟨x, y⟩ ⟨hx, hy⟩ => ContinuousWithinAt.prod_map (hf x hx) (hg y hy) #align continuous_on.prod_map ContinuousOn.prod_map theorem continuous_of_cover_nhds {ι : Sort*} {f : α → β} {s : ι → Set α} (hs : ∀ x : α, ∃ i, s i ∈ 𝓝 x) (hf : ∀ i, ContinuousOn f (s i)) : Continuous f := continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr fun x ↦ let ⟨i, hi⟩ := hs x; by rw [ContinuousAt, ← nhdsWithin_eq_nhds.2 hi] exact hf _ _ (mem_of_mem_nhds hi) #align continuous_of_cover_nhds continuous_of_cover_nhds theorem continuousOn_empty (f : α → β) : ContinuousOn f ∅ := fun _ => False.elim #align continuous_on_empty continuousOn_empty @[simp] theorem continuousOn_singleton (f : α → β) (a : α) : ContinuousOn f {a} := forall_eq.2 <| by simpa only [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_singleton, tendsto_pure_left] using fun s => mem_of_mem_nhds #align continuous_on_singleton continuousOn_singleton theorem Set.Subsingleton.continuousOn {s : Set α} (hs : s.Subsingleton) (f : α → β) : ContinuousOn f s := hs.induction_on (continuousOn_empty f) (continuousOn_singleton f) #align set.subsingleton.continuous_on Set.Subsingleton.continuousOn theorem nhdsWithin_le_comap {x : α} {s : Set α} {f : α → β} (ctsf : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) : 𝓝[s] x ≤ comap f (𝓝[f '' s] f x) := ctsf.tendsto_nhdsWithin_image.le_comap #align nhds_within_le_comap nhdsWithin_le_comap @[simp] theorem comap_nhdsWithin_range {α} (f : α → β) (y : β) : comap f (𝓝[range f] y) = comap f (𝓝 y) := comap_inf_principal_range #align comap_nhds_within_range comap_nhdsWithin_range theorem ContinuousWithinAt.mono {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f t x) (hs : s ⊆ t) : ContinuousWithinAt f s x := h.mono_left (nhdsWithin_mono x hs) #align continuous_within_at.mono ContinuousWithinAt.mono theorem ContinuousWithinAt.mono_of_mem {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f t x) (hs : t ∈ 𝓝[s] x) : ContinuousWithinAt f s x := h.mono_left (nhdsWithin_le_of_mem hs) #align continuous_within_at.mono_of_mem ContinuousWithinAt.mono_of_mem theorem continuousWithinAt_congr_nhds {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (h : 𝓝[s] x = 𝓝[t] x) : ContinuousWithinAt f s x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f t x := by simp only [ContinuousWithinAt, h] theorem continuousWithinAt_inter' {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝[s] x) : ContinuousWithinAt f (s ∩ t) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x := by simp [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_restrict'' s h] #align continuous_within_at_inter' continuousWithinAt_inter' theorem continuousWithinAt_inter {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (h : t ∈ 𝓝 x) : ContinuousWithinAt f (s ∩ t) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x := by simp [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_restrict' s h] #align continuous_within_at_inter continuousWithinAt_inter theorem continuousWithinAt_union {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} : ContinuousWithinAt f (s ∪ t) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x ∧ ContinuousWithinAt f t x := by simp only [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_union, tendsto_sup] #align continuous_within_at_union continuousWithinAt_union theorem ContinuousWithinAt.union {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (hs : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) (ht : ContinuousWithinAt f t x) : ContinuousWithinAt f (s ∪ t) x := continuousWithinAt_union.2 ⟨hs, ht⟩ #align continuous_within_at.union ContinuousWithinAt.union theorem ContinuousWithinAt.mem_closure_image {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) (hx : x ∈ closure s) : f x ∈ closure (f '' s) := haveI := mem_closure_iff_nhdsWithin_neBot.1 hx mem_closure_of_tendsto h <| mem_of_superset self_mem_nhdsWithin (subset_preimage_image f s) #align continuous_within_at.mem_closure_image ContinuousWithinAt.mem_closure_image theorem ContinuousWithinAt.mem_closure {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} {A : Set β} (h : ContinuousWithinAt f s x) (hx : x ∈ closure s) (hA : MapsTo f s A) : f x ∈ closure A := closure_mono (image_subset_iff.2 hA) (h.mem_closure_image hx) #align continuous_within_at.mem_closure ContinuousWithinAt.mem_closure theorem Set.MapsTo.closure_of_continuousWithinAt {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (h : MapsTo f s t) (hc : ∀ x ∈ closure s, ContinuousWithinAt f s x) : MapsTo f (closure s) (closure t) := fun x hx => (hc x hx).mem_closure hx h #align set.maps_to.closure_of_continuous_within_at Set.MapsTo.closure_of_continuousWithinAt theorem Set.MapsTo.closure_of_continuousOn {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {t : Set β} (h : MapsTo f s t) (hc : ContinuousOn f (closure s)) : MapsTo f (closure s) (closure t) := h.closure_of_continuousWithinAt fun x hx => (hc x hx).mono subset_closure #align set.maps_to.closure_of_continuous_on Set.MapsTo.closure_of_continuousOn theorem ContinuousWithinAt.image_closure {f : α → β} {s : Set α} (hf : ∀ x ∈ closure s, ContinuousWithinAt f s x) : f '' closure s ⊆ closure (f '' s) := ((mapsTo_image f s).closure_of_continuousWithinAt hf).image_subset #align continuous_within_at.image_closure ContinuousWithinAt.image_closure theorem ContinuousOn.image_closure {f : α → β} {s : Set α} (hf : ContinuousOn f (closure s)) : f '' closure s ⊆ closure (f '' s) := ContinuousWithinAt.image_closure fun x hx => (hf x hx).mono subset_closure #align continuous_on.image_closure ContinuousOn.image_closure @[simp] theorem continuousWithinAt_singleton {f : α → β} {x : α} : ContinuousWithinAt f {x} x := by simp only [ContinuousWithinAt, nhdsWithin_singleton, tendsto_pure_nhds] #align continuous_within_at_singleton continuousWithinAt_singleton @[simp] theorem continuousWithinAt_insert_self {f : α → β} {x : α} {s : Set α} : ContinuousWithinAt f (insert x s) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x := by simp only [← singleton_union, continuousWithinAt_union, continuousWithinAt_singleton, true_and_iff] #align continuous_within_at_insert_self continuousWithinAt_insert_self alias ⟨_, ContinuousWithinAt.insert_self⟩ := continuousWithinAt_insert_self #align continuous_within_at.insert_self ContinuousWithinAt.insert_self theorem ContinuousWithinAt.diff_iff {f : α → β} {s t : Set α} {x : α} (ht : ContinuousWithinAt f t x) : ContinuousWithinAt f (s \ t) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x := ⟨fun h => (h.union ht).mono <| by simp only [diff_union_self, subset_union_left], fun h => h.mono diff_subset⟩ #align continuous_within_at.diff_iff ContinuousWithinAt.diff_iff @[simp] theorem continuousWithinAt_diff_self {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} : ContinuousWithinAt f (s \ {x}) x ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x := continuousWithinAt_singleton.diff_iff #align continuous_within_at_diff_self continuousWithinAt_diff_self @[simp] theorem continuousWithinAt_compl_self {f : α → β} {a : α} : ContinuousWithinAt f {a}ᶜ a ↔ ContinuousAt f a := by rw [compl_eq_univ_diff, continuousWithinAt_diff_self, continuousWithinAt_univ] #align continuous_within_at_compl_self continuousWithinAt_compl_self @[simp] theorem continuousWithinAt_update_same [DecidableEq α] {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {x : α} {y : β} : ContinuousWithinAt (update f x y) s x ↔ Tendsto f (𝓝[s \ {x}] x) (𝓝 y) := calc ContinuousWithinAt (update f x y) s x ↔ Tendsto (update f x y) (𝓝[s \ {x}] x) (𝓝 y) := by { rw [← continuousWithinAt_diff_self, ContinuousWithinAt, update_same] } _ ↔ Tendsto f (𝓝[s \ {x}] x) (𝓝 y) := tendsto_congr' <| eventually_nhdsWithin_iff.2 <| eventually_of_forall fun z hz => update_noteq hz.2 _ _ #align continuous_within_at_update_same continuousWithinAt_update_same @[simp] theorem continuousAt_update_same [DecidableEq α] {f : α → β} {x : α} {y : β} : ContinuousAt (Function.update f x y) x ↔ Tendsto f (𝓝[≠] x) (𝓝 y) := by rw [← continuousWithinAt_univ, continuousWithinAt_update_same, compl_eq_univ_diff] #align continuous_at_update_same continuousAt_update_same theorem IsOpenMap.continuousOn_image_of_leftInvOn {f : α → β} {s : Set α} (h : IsOpenMap (s.restrict f)) {finv : β → α} (hleft : LeftInvOn finv f s) : ContinuousOn finv (f '' s) := by refine continuousOn_iff'.2 fun t ht => ⟨f '' (t ∩ s), ?_, ?_⟩ · rw [← image_restrict] exact h _ (ht.preimage continuous_subtype_val) · rw [inter_eq_self_of_subset_left (image_subset f inter_subset_right), hleft.image_inter'] #align is_open_map.continuous_on_image_of_left_inv_on IsOpenMap.continuousOn_image_of_leftInvOn theorem IsOpenMap.continuousOn_range_of_leftInverse {f : α → β} (hf : IsOpenMap f) {finv : β → α} (hleft : Function.LeftInverse finv f) : ContinuousOn finv (range f) := by rw [← image_univ] exact (hf.restrict isOpen_univ).continuousOn_image_of_leftInvOn fun x _ => hleft x #align is_open_map.continuous_on_range_of_left_inverse IsOpenMap.continuousOn_range_of_leftInverse
Mathlib/Topology/ContinuousOn.lean
867
874
theorem ContinuousOn.congr_mono {f g : α → β} {s s₁ : Set α} (h : ContinuousOn f s) (h' : EqOn g f s₁) (h₁ : s₁ ⊆ s) : ContinuousOn g s₁ := by
intro x hx unfold ContinuousWithinAt have A := (h x (h₁ hx)).mono h₁ unfold ContinuousWithinAt at A rw [← h' hx] at A exact A.congr' h'.eventuallyEq_nhdsWithin.symm
import Mathlib.Order.BooleanAlgebra import Mathlib.Logic.Equiv.Basic #align_import order.symm_diff from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"6eb334bd8f3433d5b08ba156b8ec3e6af47e1904" open Function OrderDual variable {ι α β : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} def symmDiff [Sup α] [SDiff α] (a b : α) : α := a \ b ⊔ b \ a #align symm_diff symmDiff def bihimp [Inf α] [HImp α] (a b : α) : α := (b ⇨ a) ⊓ (a ⇨ b) #align bihimp bihimp scoped[symmDiff] infixl:100 " ∆ " => symmDiff scoped[symmDiff] infixl:100 " ⇔ " => bihimp open scoped symmDiff theorem symmDiff_def [Sup α] [SDiff α] (a b : α) : a ∆ b = a \ b ⊔ b \ a := rfl #align symm_diff_def symmDiff_def theorem bihimp_def [Inf α] [HImp α] (a b : α) : a ⇔ b = (b ⇨ a) ⊓ (a ⇨ b) := rfl #align bihimp_def bihimp_def theorem symmDiff_eq_Xor' (p q : Prop) : p ∆ q = Xor' p q := rfl #align symm_diff_eq_xor symmDiff_eq_Xor' @[simp] theorem bihimp_iff_iff {p q : Prop} : p ⇔ q ↔ (p ↔ q) := (iff_iff_implies_and_implies _ _).symm.trans Iff.comm #align bihimp_iff_iff bihimp_iff_iff @[simp] theorem Bool.symmDiff_eq_xor : ∀ p q : Bool, p ∆ q = xor p q := by decide #align bool.symm_diff_eq_bxor Bool.symmDiff_eq_xor section GeneralizedCoheytingAlgebra variable [GeneralizedCoheytingAlgebra α] (a b c d : α) @[simp] theorem toDual_symmDiff : toDual (a ∆ b) = toDual a ⇔ toDual b := rfl #align to_dual_symm_diff toDual_symmDiff @[simp] theorem ofDual_bihimp (a b : αᵒᵈ) : ofDual (a ⇔ b) = ofDual a ∆ ofDual b := rfl #align of_dual_bihimp ofDual_bihimp theorem symmDiff_comm : a ∆ b = b ∆ a := by simp only [symmDiff, sup_comm] #align symm_diff_comm symmDiff_comm instance symmDiff_isCommutative : Std.Commutative (α := α) (· ∆ ·) := ⟨symmDiff_comm⟩ #align symm_diff_is_comm symmDiff_isCommutative @[simp] theorem symmDiff_self : a ∆ a = ⊥ := by rw [symmDiff, sup_idem, sdiff_self] #align symm_diff_self symmDiff_self @[simp] theorem symmDiff_bot : a ∆ ⊥ = a := by rw [symmDiff, sdiff_bot, bot_sdiff, sup_bot_eq] #align symm_diff_bot symmDiff_bot @[simp] theorem bot_symmDiff : ⊥ ∆ a = a := by rw [symmDiff_comm, symmDiff_bot] #align bot_symm_diff bot_symmDiff @[simp] theorem symmDiff_eq_bot {a b : α} : a ∆ b = ⊥ ↔ a = b := by simp_rw [symmDiff, sup_eq_bot_iff, sdiff_eq_bot_iff, le_antisymm_iff] #align symm_diff_eq_bot symmDiff_eq_bot theorem symmDiff_of_le {a b : α} (h : a ≤ b) : a ∆ b = b \ a := by rw [symmDiff, sdiff_eq_bot_iff.2 h, bot_sup_eq] #align symm_diff_of_le symmDiff_of_le theorem symmDiff_of_ge {a b : α} (h : b ≤ a) : a ∆ b = a \ b := by rw [symmDiff, sdiff_eq_bot_iff.2 h, sup_bot_eq] #align symm_diff_of_ge symmDiff_of_ge theorem symmDiff_le {a b c : α} (ha : a ≤ b ⊔ c) (hb : b ≤ a ⊔ c) : a ∆ b ≤ c := sup_le (sdiff_le_iff.2 ha) <| sdiff_le_iff.2 hb #align symm_diff_le symmDiff_le theorem symmDiff_le_iff {a b c : α} : a ∆ b ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b ⊔ c ∧ b ≤ a ⊔ c := by simp_rw [symmDiff, sup_le_iff, sdiff_le_iff] #align symm_diff_le_iff symmDiff_le_iff @[simp] theorem symmDiff_le_sup {a b : α} : a ∆ b ≤ a ⊔ b := sup_le_sup sdiff_le sdiff_le #align symm_diff_le_sup symmDiff_le_sup theorem symmDiff_eq_sup_sdiff_inf : a ∆ b = (a ⊔ b) \ (a ⊓ b) := by simp [sup_sdiff, symmDiff] #align symm_diff_eq_sup_sdiff_inf symmDiff_eq_sup_sdiff_inf theorem Disjoint.symmDiff_eq_sup {a b : α} (h : Disjoint a b) : a ∆ b = a ⊔ b := by rw [symmDiff, h.sdiff_eq_left, h.sdiff_eq_right] #align disjoint.symm_diff_eq_sup Disjoint.symmDiff_eq_sup theorem symmDiff_sdiff : a ∆ b \ c = a \ (b ⊔ c) ⊔ b \ (a ⊔ c) := by rw [symmDiff, sup_sdiff_distrib, sdiff_sdiff_left, sdiff_sdiff_left] #align symm_diff_sdiff symmDiff_sdiff @[simp] theorem symmDiff_sdiff_inf : a ∆ b \ (a ⊓ b) = a ∆ b := by rw [symmDiff_sdiff] simp [symmDiff] #align symm_diff_sdiff_inf symmDiff_sdiff_inf @[simp] theorem symmDiff_sdiff_eq_sup : a ∆ (b \ a) = a ⊔ b := by rw [symmDiff, sdiff_idem] exact le_antisymm (sup_le_sup sdiff_le sdiff_le) (sup_le le_sdiff_sup <| le_sdiff_sup.trans <| sup_le le_sup_right le_sdiff_sup) #align symm_diff_sdiff_eq_sup symmDiff_sdiff_eq_sup @[simp]
Mathlib/Order/SymmDiff.lean
184
185
theorem sdiff_symmDiff_eq_sup : (a \ b) ∆ b = a ⊔ b := by
rw [symmDiff_comm, symmDiff_sdiff_eq_sup, sup_comm]
import Mathlib.Topology.Order.ProjIcc import Mathlib.Topology.CompactOpen import Mathlib.Topology.UnitInterval #align_import topology.path_connected from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Topology Filter unitInterval Set Function variable {X Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {x y z : X} {ι : Type*} -- porting note (#5171): removed @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] structure Path (x y : X) extends C(I, X) where source' : toFun 0 = x target' : toFun 1 = y #align path Path instance Path.funLike : FunLike (Path x y) I X where coe := fun γ ↦ ⇑γ.toContinuousMap coe_injective' := fun γ₁ γ₂ h => by simp only [DFunLike.coe_fn_eq] at h cases γ₁; cases γ₂; congr -- Porting note (#10754): added this instance so that we can use `FunLike.coe` for `CoeFun` -- this also fixed very strange `simp` timeout issues instance Path.continuousMapClass : ContinuousMapClass (Path x y) I X where map_continuous := fun γ => show Continuous γ.toContinuousMap by continuity -- Porting note: not necessary in light of the instance above @[ext] protected theorem Path.ext : ∀ {γ₁ γ₂ : Path x y}, (γ₁ : I → X) = γ₂ → γ₁ = γ₂ := by rintro ⟨⟨x, h11⟩, h12, h13⟩ ⟨⟨x, h21⟩, h22, h23⟩ rfl rfl #align path.ext Path.ext namespace Path @[simp] theorem coe_mk_mk (f : I → X) (h₁) (h₂ : f 0 = x) (h₃ : f 1 = y) : ⇑(mk ⟨f, h₁⟩ h₂ h₃ : Path x y) = f := rfl #align path.coe_mk Path.coe_mk_mk -- Porting note: the name `Path.coe_mk` better refers to a new lemma below variable (γ : Path x y) @[continuity] protected theorem continuous : Continuous γ := γ.continuous_toFun #align path.continuous Path.continuous @[simp] protected theorem source : γ 0 = x := γ.source' #align path.source Path.source @[simp] protected theorem target : γ 1 = y := γ.target' #align path.target Path.target def simps.apply : I → X := γ #align path.simps.apply Path.simps.apply initialize_simps_projections Path (toFun → simps.apply, -toContinuousMap) @[simp] theorem coe_toContinuousMap : ⇑γ.toContinuousMap = γ := rfl #align path.coe_to_continuous_map Path.coe_toContinuousMap -- Porting note: this is needed because of the `Path.continuousMapClass` instance @[simp] theorem coe_mk : ⇑(γ : C(I, X)) = γ := rfl instance hasUncurryPath {X α : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] {x y : α → X} : HasUncurry (∀ a : α, Path (x a) (y a)) (α × I) X := ⟨fun φ p => φ p.1 p.2⟩ #align path.has_uncurry_path Path.hasUncurryPath @[refl, simps] def refl (x : X) : Path x x where toFun _t := x continuous_toFun := continuous_const source' := rfl target' := rfl #align path.refl Path.refl @[simp] theorem refl_range {a : X} : range (Path.refl a) = {a} := by simp [Path.refl, CoeFun.coe] #align path.refl_range Path.refl_range @[symm, simps] def symm (γ : Path x y) : Path y x where toFun := γ ∘ σ continuous_toFun := by continuity source' := by simpa [-Path.target] using γ.target target' := by simpa [-Path.source] using γ.source #align path.symm Path.symm @[simp] theorem symm_symm (γ : Path x y) : γ.symm.symm = γ := by ext t show γ (σ (σ t)) = γ t rw [unitInterval.symm_symm] #align path.symm_symm Path.symm_symm theorem symm_bijective : Function.Bijective (Path.symm : Path x y → Path y x) := Function.bijective_iff_has_inverse.mpr ⟨_, symm_symm, symm_symm⟩ @[simp] theorem refl_symm {a : X} : (Path.refl a).symm = Path.refl a := by ext rfl #align path.refl_symm Path.refl_symm @[simp] theorem symm_range {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) : range γ.symm = range γ := by ext x simp only [mem_range, Path.symm, DFunLike.coe, unitInterval.symm, SetCoe.exists, comp_apply, Subtype.coe_mk] constructor <;> rintro ⟨y, hy, hxy⟩ <;> refine ⟨1 - y, mem_iff_one_sub_mem.mp hy, ?_⟩ <;> convert hxy simp #align path.symm_range Path.symm_range open ContinuousMap instance topologicalSpace : TopologicalSpace (Path x y) := TopologicalSpace.induced ((↑) : _ → C(I, X)) ContinuousMap.compactOpen theorem continuous_eval : Continuous fun p : Path x y × I => p.1 p.2 := continuous_eval.comp <| (continuous_induced_dom (α := Path x y)).prod_map continuous_id #align path.continuous_eval Path.continuous_eval @[continuity] theorem _root_.Continuous.path_eval {Y} [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : Y → Path x y} {g : Y → I} (hf : Continuous f) (hg : Continuous g) : Continuous fun y => f y (g y) := Continuous.comp continuous_eval (hf.prod_mk hg) #align continuous.path_eval Continuous.path_eval theorem continuous_uncurry_iff {Y} [TopologicalSpace Y] {g : Y → Path x y} : Continuous ↿g ↔ Continuous g := Iff.symm <| continuous_induced_rng.trans ⟨fun h => continuous_uncurry_of_continuous ⟨_, h⟩, continuous_of_continuous_uncurry (fun (y : Y) ↦ ContinuousMap.mk (g y))⟩ #align path.continuous_uncurry_iff Path.continuous_uncurry_iff def extend : ℝ → X := IccExtend zero_le_one γ #align path.extend Path.extend theorem _root_.Continuous.path_extend {γ : Y → Path x y} {f : Y → ℝ} (hγ : Continuous ↿γ) (hf : Continuous f) : Continuous fun t => (γ t).extend (f t) := Continuous.IccExtend hγ hf #align continuous.path_extend Continuous.path_extend @[continuity] theorem continuous_extend : Continuous γ.extend := γ.continuous.Icc_extend' #align path.continuous_extend Path.continuous_extend theorem _root_.Filter.Tendsto.path_extend {l r : Y → X} {y : Y} {l₁ : Filter ℝ} {l₂ : Filter X} {γ : ∀ y, Path (l y) (r y)} (hγ : Tendsto (↿γ) (𝓝 y ×ˢ l₁.map (projIcc 0 1 zero_le_one)) l₂) : Tendsto (↿fun x => (γ x).extend) (𝓝 y ×ˢ l₁) l₂ := Filter.Tendsto.IccExtend _ hγ #align filter.tendsto.path_extend Filter.Tendsto.path_extend theorem _root_.ContinuousAt.path_extend {g : Y → ℝ} {l r : Y → X} (γ : ∀ y, Path (l y) (r y)) {y : Y} (hγ : ContinuousAt (↿γ) (y, projIcc 0 1 zero_le_one (g y))) (hg : ContinuousAt g y) : ContinuousAt (fun i => (γ i).extend (g i)) y := hγ.IccExtend (fun x => γ x) hg #align continuous_at.path_extend ContinuousAt.path_extend @[simp] theorem extend_extends {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) {t : ℝ} (ht : t ∈ (Icc 0 1 : Set ℝ)) : γ.extend t = γ ⟨t, ht⟩ := IccExtend_of_mem _ γ ht #align path.extend_extends Path.extend_extends theorem extend_zero : γ.extend 0 = x := by simp #align path.extend_zero Path.extend_zero theorem extend_one : γ.extend 1 = y := by simp #align path.extend_one Path.extend_one @[simp] theorem extend_extends' {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) (t : (Icc 0 1 : Set ℝ)) : γ.extend t = γ t := IccExtend_val _ γ t #align path.extend_extends' Path.extend_extends' @[simp] theorem extend_range {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) : range γ.extend = range γ := IccExtend_range _ γ #align path.extend_range Path.extend_range theorem extend_of_le_zero {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) {t : ℝ} (ht : t ≤ 0) : γ.extend t = a := (IccExtend_of_le_left _ _ ht).trans γ.source #align path.extend_of_le_zero Path.extend_of_le_zero theorem extend_of_one_le {a b : X} (γ : Path a b) {t : ℝ} (ht : 1 ≤ t) : γ.extend t = b := (IccExtend_of_right_le _ _ ht).trans γ.target #align path.extend_of_one_le Path.extend_of_one_le @[simp] theorem refl_extend {a : X} : (Path.refl a).extend = fun _ => a := rfl #align path.refl_extend Path.refl_extend def ofLine {f : ℝ → X} (hf : ContinuousOn f I) (h₀ : f 0 = x) (h₁ : f 1 = y) : Path x y where toFun := f ∘ ((↑) : unitInterval → ℝ) continuous_toFun := hf.comp_continuous continuous_subtype_val Subtype.prop source' := h₀ target' := h₁ #align path.of_line Path.ofLine theorem ofLine_mem {f : ℝ → X} (hf : ContinuousOn f I) (h₀ : f 0 = x) (h₁ : f 1 = y) : ∀ t, ofLine hf h₀ h₁ t ∈ f '' I := fun ⟨t, t_in⟩ => ⟨t, t_in, rfl⟩ #align path.of_line_mem Path.ofLine_mem attribute [local simp] Iic_def set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in @[trans] def trans (γ : Path x y) (γ' : Path y z) : Path x z where toFun := (fun t : ℝ => if t ≤ 1 / 2 then γ.extend (2 * t) else γ'.extend (2 * t - 1)) ∘ (↑) continuous_toFun := by refine (Continuous.if_le ?_ ?_ continuous_id continuous_const (by norm_num)).comp continuous_subtype_val <;> continuity source' := by norm_num target' := by norm_num #align path.trans Path.trans theorem trans_apply (γ : Path x y) (γ' : Path y z) (t : I) : (γ.trans γ') t = if h : (t : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2 then γ ⟨2 * t, (mul_pos_mem_iff zero_lt_two).2 ⟨t.2.1, h⟩⟩ else γ' ⟨2 * t - 1, two_mul_sub_one_mem_iff.2 ⟨(not_le.1 h).le, t.2.2⟩⟩ := show ite _ _ _ = _ by split_ifs <;> rw [extend_extends] #align path.trans_apply Path.trans_apply @[simp]
Mathlib/Topology/Connected/PathConnected.lean
342
354
theorem trans_symm (γ : Path x y) (γ' : Path y z) : (γ.trans γ').symm = γ'.symm.trans γ.symm := by
ext t simp only [trans_apply, ← one_div, symm_apply, not_le, Function.comp_apply] split_ifs with h h₁ h₂ <;> rw [coe_symm_eq] at h · have ht : (t : ℝ) = 1 / 2 := by linarith norm_num [ht] · refine congr_arg _ (Subtype.ext ?_) norm_num [sub_sub_eq_add_sub, mul_sub] · refine congr_arg _ (Subtype.ext ?_) norm_num [mul_sub, h] ring -- TODO norm_num should really do this · exfalso linarith
import Mathlib.Order.Filter.Bases import Mathlib.Order.ConditionallyCompleteLattice.Basic #align_import order.filter.lift from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"8631e2d5ea77f6c13054d9151d82b83069680cb1" open Set Classical Filter Function namespace Filter variable {α β γ : Type*} {ι : Sort*} section lift protected def lift (f : Filter α) (g : Set α → Filter β) := ⨅ s ∈ f, g s #align filter.lift Filter.lift variable {f f₁ f₂ : Filter α} {g g₁ g₂ : Set α → Filter β} @[simp]
Mathlib/Order/Filter/Lift.lean
32
32
theorem lift_top (g : Set α → Filter β) : (⊤ : Filter α).lift g = g univ := by
simp [Filter.lift]
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Dual import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Orientation import Mathlib.Data.Complex.Orientation import Mathlib.Tactic.LinearCombination #align_import analysis.inner_product_space.two_dim from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"cd8fafa2fac98e1a67097e8a91ad9901cfde48af" noncomputable section open scoped RealInnerProductSpace ComplexConjugate open FiniteDimensional lemma FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two {K V : Type*} [DivisionRing K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] [Fact (finrank K V = 2)] : FiniteDimensional K V := .of_fact_finrank_eq_succ 1 attribute [local instance] FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-02")] alias FiniteDimensional.finiteDimensional_of_fact_finrank_eq_two := FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [InnerProductSpace ℝ E] [Fact (finrank ℝ E = 2)] (o : Orientation ℝ E (Fin 2)) namespace Orientation irreducible_def areaForm : E →ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := by let z : E [⋀^Fin 0]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ ≃ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := AlternatingMap.constLinearEquivOfIsEmpty.symm let y : E [⋀^Fin 1]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ →ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := LinearMap.llcomp ℝ E (E [⋀^Fin 0]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ) ℝ z ∘ₗ AlternatingMap.curryLeftLinearMap exact y ∘ₗ AlternatingMap.curryLeftLinearMap (R' := ℝ) o.volumeForm #align orientation.area_form Orientation.areaForm local notation "ω" => o.areaForm theorem areaForm_to_volumeForm (x y : E) : ω x y = o.volumeForm ![x, y] := by simp [areaForm] #align orientation.area_form_to_volume_form Orientation.areaForm_to_volumeForm @[simp] theorem areaForm_apply_self (x : E) : ω x x = 0 := by rw [areaForm_to_volumeForm] refine o.volumeForm.map_eq_zero_of_eq ![x, x] ?_ (?_ : (0 : Fin 2) ≠ 1) · simp · norm_num #align orientation.area_form_apply_self Orientation.areaForm_apply_self theorem areaForm_swap (x y : E) : ω x y = -ω y x := by simp only [areaForm_to_volumeForm] convert o.volumeForm.map_swap ![y, x] (_ : (0 : Fin 2) ≠ 1) · ext i fin_cases i <;> rfl · norm_num #align orientation.area_form_swap Orientation.areaForm_swap @[simp] theorem areaForm_neg_orientation : (-o).areaForm = -o.areaForm := by ext x y simp [areaForm_to_volumeForm] #align orientation.area_form_neg_orientation Orientation.areaForm_neg_orientation def areaForm' : E →L[ℝ] E →L[ℝ] ℝ := LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap (↑(LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap : (E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ) ≃ₗ[ℝ] E →L[ℝ] ℝ) ∘ₗ o.areaForm) #align orientation.area_form' Orientation.areaForm' @[simp] theorem areaForm'_apply (x : E) : o.areaForm' x = LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap (o.areaForm x) := rfl #align orientation.area_form'_apply Orientation.areaForm'_apply theorem abs_areaForm_le (x y : E) : |ω x y| ≤ ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by simpa [areaForm_to_volumeForm, Fin.prod_univ_succ] using o.abs_volumeForm_apply_le ![x, y] #align orientation.abs_area_form_le Orientation.abs_areaForm_le theorem areaForm_le (x y : E) : ω x y ≤ ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by simpa [areaForm_to_volumeForm, Fin.prod_univ_succ] using o.volumeForm_apply_le ![x, y] #align orientation.area_form_le Orientation.areaForm_le theorem abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal {x y : E} (h : ⟪x, y⟫ = 0) : |ω x y| = ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by rw [o.areaForm_to_volumeForm, o.abs_volumeForm_apply_of_pairwise_orthogonal] · simp [Fin.prod_univ_succ] intro i j hij fin_cases i <;> fin_cases j · simp_all · simpa using h · simpa [real_inner_comm] using h · simp_all #align orientation.abs_area_form_of_orthogonal Orientation.abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal theorem areaForm_map {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [InnerProductSpace ℝ F] [hF : Fact (finrank ℝ F = 2)] (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] F) (x y : F) : (Orientation.map (Fin 2) φ.toLinearEquiv o).areaForm x y = o.areaForm (φ.symm x) (φ.symm y) := by have : φ.symm ∘ ![x, y] = ![φ.symm x, φ.symm y] := by ext i fin_cases i <;> rfl simp [areaForm_to_volumeForm, volumeForm_map, this] #align orientation.area_form_map Orientation.areaForm_map theorem areaForm_comp_linearIsometryEquiv (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] E) (hφ : 0 < LinearMap.det (φ.toLinearEquiv : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)) (x y : E) : o.areaForm (φ x) (φ y) = o.areaForm x y := by convert o.areaForm_map φ (φ x) (φ y) · symm rwa [← o.map_eq_iff_det_pos φ.toLinearEquiv] at hφ rw [@Fact.out (finrank ℝ E = 2), Fintype.card_fin] · simp · simp #align orientation.area_form_comp_linear_isometry_equiv Orientation.areaForm_comp_linearIsometryEquiv irreducible_def rightAngleRotationAux₁ : E →ₗ[ℝ] E := let to_dual : E ≃ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := (InnerProductSpace.toDual ℝ E).toLinearEquiv ≪≫ₗ LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap.symm ↑to_dual.symm ∘ₗ ω #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₁ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₁ @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left (x y : E) : ⟪o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x, y⟫ = ω x y := by -- Porting note: split `simp only` for greater proof control simp only [rightAngleRotationAux₁, LinearEquiv.trans_symm, LinearIsometryEquiv.toLinearEquiv_symm, LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply, LinearEquiv.trans_apply, LinearIsometryEquiv.coe_toLinearEquiv] rw [InnerProductSpace.toDual_symm_apply] norm_cast #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_aux₁_left Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right (x y : E) : ⟪x, o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ y⟫ = -ω x y := by rw [real_inner_comm] simp [o.areaForm_swap y x] #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_aux₁_right Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right def rightAngleRotationAux₂ : E →ₗᵢ[ℝ] E := { o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ with norm_map' := fun x => by dsimp refine le_antisymm ?_ ?_ · cases' eq_or_lt_of_le (norm_nonneg (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x)) with h h · rw [← h] positivity refine le_of_mul_le_mul_right ?_ h rw [← real_inner_self_eq_norm_mul_norm, o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left] exact o.areaForm_le x (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) · let K : Submodule ℝ E := ℝ ∙ x have : Nontrivial Kᗮ := by apply @FiniteDimensional.nontrivial_of_finrank_pos ℝ have : finrank ℝ K ≤ Finset.card {x} := by rw [← Set.toFinset_singleton] exact finrank_span_le_card ({x} : Set E) have : Finset.card {x} = 1 := Finset.card_singleton x have : finrank ℝ K + finrank ℝ Kᗮ = finrank ℝ E := K.finrank_add_finrank_orthogonal have : finrank ℝ E = 2 := Fact.out linarith obtain ⟨w, hw₀⟩ : ∃ w : Kᗮ, w ≠ 0 := exists_ne 0 have hw' : ⟪x, (w : E)⟫ = 0 := Submodule.mem_orthogonal_singleton_iff_inner_right.mp w.2 have hw : (w : E) ≠ 0 := fun h => hw₀ (Submodule.coe_eq_zero.mp h) refine le_of_mul_le_mul_right ?_ (by rwa [norm_pos_iff] : 0 < ‖(w : E)‖) rw [← o.abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal hw'] rw [← o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left x w] exact abs_real_inner_le_norm (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) w } #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₂ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₂ @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ (x : E) : o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) = -x := by apply ext_inner_left ℝ intro y have : ⟪o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ y, o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x⟫ = ⟪y, x⟫ := LinearIsometry.inner_map_map o.rightAngleRotationAux₂ y x rw [o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right, ← o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left, this, inner_neg_right] #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₁_right_angle_rotation_aux₁ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ irreducible_def rightAngleRotation : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] E := LinearIsometryEquiv.ofLinearIsometry o.rightAngleRotationAux₂ (-o.rightAngleRotationAux₁) (by ext; simp [rightAngleRotationAux₂]) (by ext; simp [rightAngleRotationAux₂]) #align orientation.right_angle_rotation Orientation.rightAngleRotation local notation "J" => o.rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_left (x y : E) : ⟪J x, y⟫ = ω x y := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left x y #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_left Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_left @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_right (x y : E) : ⟪x, J y⟫ = -ω x y := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right x y #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_right Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_right @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_rightAngleRotation (x : E) : J (J x) = -x := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ x #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_right_angle_rotation Orientation.rightAngleRotation_rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_symm : LinearIsometryEquiv.symm J = LinearIsometryEquiv.trans J (LinearIsometryEquiv.neg ℝ) := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact LinearIsometryEquiv.toLinearIsometry_injective rfl #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_symm Orientation.rightAngleRotation_symm -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp already proves this theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_self (x : E) : ⟪J x, x⟫ = 0 := by simp #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_self Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_self theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_swap (x y : E) : ⟪x, J y⟫ = -⟪J x, y⟫ := by simp #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_swap Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_swap' (x y : E) : ⟪J x, y⟫ = -⟪x, J y⟫ := by simp [o.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap x y] #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_swap' Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap' theorem inner_comp_rightAngleRotation (x y : E) : ⟪J x, J y⟫ = ⟪x, y⟫ := LinearIsometryEquiv.inner_map_map J x y #align orientation.inner_comp_right_angle_rotation Orientation.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem areaForm_rightAngleRotation_left (x y : E) : ω (J x) y = -⟪x, y⟫ := by rw [← o.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation, o.inner_rightAngleRotation_right, neg_neg] #align orientation.area_form_right_angle_rotation_left Orientation.areaForm_rightAngleRotation_left @[simp] theorem areaForm_rightAngleRotation_right (x y : E) : ω x (J y) = ⟪x, y⟫ := by rw [← o.inner_rightAngleRotation_left, o.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation] #align orientation.area_form_right_angle_rotation_right Orientation.areaForm_rightAngleRotation_right -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp already proves this theorem areaForm_comp_rightAngleRotation (x y : E) : ω (J x) (J y) = ω x y := by simp #align orientation.area_form_comp_right_angle_rotation Orientation.areaForm_comp_rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_trans_rightAngleRotation : LinearIsometryEquiv.trans J J = LinearIsometryEquiv.neg ℝ := by ext; simp #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_trans_right_angle_rotation Orientation.rightAngleRotation_trans_rightAngleRotation theorem rightAngleRotation_neg_orientation (x : E) : (-o).rightAngleRotation x = -o.rightAngleRotation x := by apply ext_inner_right ℝ intro y rw [inner_rightAngleRotation_left] simp #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_neg_orientation Orientation.rightAngleRotation_neg_orientation @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_trans_neg_orientation : (-o).rightAngleRotation = o.rightAngleRotation.trans (LinearIsometryEquiv.neg ℝ) := LinearIsometryEquiv.ext <| o.rightAngleRotation_neg_orientation #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_trans_neg_orientation Orientation.rightAngleRotation_trans_neg_orientation theorem rightAngleRotation_map {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [InnerProductSpace ℝ F] [hF : Fact (finrank ℝ F = 2)] (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] F) (x : F) : (Orientation.map (Fin 2) φ.toLinearEquiv o).rightAngleRotation x = φ (o.rightAngleRotation (φ.symm x)) := by apply ext_inner_right ℝ intro y rw [inner_rightAngleRotation_left] trans ⟪J (φ.symm x), φ.symm y⟫ · simp [o.areaForm_map] trans ⟪φ (J (φ.symm x)), φ (φ.symm y)⟫ · rw [φ.inner_map_map] · simp #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_map Orientation.rightAngleRotation_map
Mathlib/Analysis/InnerProductSpace/TwoDim.lean
349
355
theorem linearIsometryEquiv_comp_rightAngleRotation (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] E) (hφ : 0 < LinearMap.det (φ.toLinearEquiv : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)) (x : E) : φ (J x) = J (φ x) := by
convert (o.rightAngleRotation_map φ (φ x)).symm · simp · symm rwa [← o.map_eq_iff_det_pos φ.toLinearEquiv] at hφ rw [@Fact.out (finrank ℝ E = 2), Fintype.card_fin]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Group.AddCircle import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Quotient import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.Sign #align_import analysis.special_functions.trigonometric.angle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"213b0cff7bc5ab6696ee07cceec80829ce42efec" open Real noncomputable section namespace Real -- Porting note: can't derive `NormedAddCommGroup, Inhabited` def Angle : Type := AddCircle (2 * π) #align real.angle Real.Angle namespace Angle -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : NormedAddCommGroup Angle := inferInstanceAs (NormedAddCommGroup (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : Inhabited Angle := inferInstanceAs (Inhabited (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving -- also, without this, a plain `QuotientAddGroup.mk` -- causes coerced terms to be of type `ℝ ⧸ AddSubgroup.zmultiples (2 * π)` @[coe] protected def coe (r : ℝ) : Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk r instance : Coe ℝ Angle := ⟨Angle.coe⟩ instance : CircularOrder Real.Angle := QuotientAddGroup.circularOrder (hp' := ⟨by norm_num [pi_pos]⟩) @[continuity] theorem continuous_coe : Continuous ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := continuous_quotient_mk' #align real.angle.continuous_coe Real.Angle.continuous_coe def coeHom : ℝ →+ Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk' _ #align real.angle.coe_hom Real.Angle.coeHom @[simp] theorem coe_coeHom : (coeHom : ℝ → Angle) = ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_coe_hom Real.Angle.coe_coeHom @[elab_as_elim] protected theorem induction_on {p : Angle → Prop} (θ : Angle) (h : ∀ x : ℝ, p x) : p θ := Quotient.inductionOn' θ h #align real.angle.induction_on Real.Angle.induction_on @[simp] theorem coe_zero : ↑(0 : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zero Real.Angle.coe_zero @[simp] theorem coe_add (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x + y : ℝ) = (↑x + ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_add Real.Angle.coe_add @[simp] theorem coe_neg (x : ℝ) : ↑(-x : ℝ) = -(↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_neg Real.Angle.coe_neg @[simp] theorem coe_sub (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x - y : ℝ) = (↑x - ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_sub Real.Angle.coe_sub theorem coe_nsmul (n : ℕ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(n • x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_nsmul Real.Angle.coe_nsmul theorem coe_zsmul (z : ℤ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(z • x : ℝ) = z • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zsmul Real.Angle.coe_zsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem natCast_mul_eq_nsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℕ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [nsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_nsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul Real.Angle.natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem intCast_mul_eq_zsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℤ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [zsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_zsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul Real.Angle.intCast_mul_eq_zsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul := natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul := intCast_mul_eq_zsmul theorem angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub {ψ θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle) = ψ ↔ ∃ k : ℤ, θ - ψ = 2 * π * k := by simp only [QuotientAddGroup.eq, AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] -- Porting note: added `rw`, `simp [Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq]` doesn't fire otherwise rw [Angle.coe, Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq] simp only [AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] #align real.angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub Real.Angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub @[simp] theorem coe_two_pi : ↑(2 * π : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub.2 ⟨1, by rw [sub_zero, Int.cast_one, mul_one]⟩ #align real.angle.coe_two_pi Real.Angle.coe_two_pi @[simp] theorem neg_coe_pi : -(π : Angle) = π := by rw [← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] use -1 simp [two_mul, sub_eq_add_neg] #align real.angle.neg_coe_pi Real.Angle.neg_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_zsmul, two_zsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_nsmul_coe_div_two, coe_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two theorem sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi (θ : Angle) : θ - π = θ + π := by rw [sub_eq_add_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℕ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← natCast_mul_eq_nsmul] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℤ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← intCast_mul_eq_zsmul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem coe_pi_add_coe_pi : (π : Real.Angle) + π = 0 := by rw [← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_coe_pi] #align real.angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi theorem zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {z : ℤ} (hz : z ≠ 0) : z • ψ = z • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin z.natAbs, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / z : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_zsmul_eq_zsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.zsmul_eq_iff theorem nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {n : ℕ} (hz : n ≠ 0) : n • ψ = n • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin n, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / n : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_nsmul_eq_nsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • ψ = (2 : ℤ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by -- Porting note: no `Int.natAbs_bit0` anymore have : Int.natAbs 2 = 2 := rfl rw [zsmul_eq_iff two_ne_zero, this, Fin.exists_fin_two, Fin.val_zero, Fin.val_one, zero_smul, add_zero, one_smul, Int.cast_two, mul_div_cancel_left₀ (_ : ℝ) two_ne_zero] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • ψ = (2 : ℕ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by simp_rw [← natCast_zsmul, Nat.cast_ofNat, two_zsmul_eq_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by convert two_nsmul_eq_iff <;> simp #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem eq_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ = -θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [← add_eq_zero_iff_eq_neg, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.eq_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.eq_neg_self_iff theorem ne_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ ≠ -θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← eq_neg_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.ne_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.ne_neg_self_iff theorem neg_eq_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ = θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [eq_comm, eq_neg_self_iff] #align real.angle.neg_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_eq_self_iff theorem neg_ne_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ ≠ θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← neg_eq_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.neg_ne_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_ne_self_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by have h : (π : Angle) = ((2 : ℕ) • (π / 2 : ℝ) :) := by rw [two_nsmul, add_halves] nth_rw 1 [h] rw [coe_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_iff] -- Porting note: `congr` didn't simplify the goal of iff of `Or`s convert Iff.rfl rw [add_comm, ← coe_add, ← sub_eq_zero, ← coe_sub, neg_div, ← neg_sub, sub_neg_eq_add, add_assoc, add_halves, ← two_mul, coe_neg, coe_two_pi, neg_zero] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) = -ψ := by constructor · intro Hcos rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, mul_eq_zero, mul_eq_zero, neg_eq_zero, eq_false (two_ne_zero' ℝ), false_or_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff] at Hcos rcases Hcos with (⟨n, hn⟩ | ⟨n, hn⟩) · right rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), ← sub_eq_iff_eq_add] at hn rw [← hn, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, sub_add_cancel, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero] · left rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), eq_sub_iff_add_eq] at hn rw [← hn, coe_add, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero, zero_add] · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero] rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, ← sub_neg_eq_add, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) + ψ = π := by constructor · intro Hsin rw [← cos_pi_div_two_sub, ← cos_pi_div_two_sub] at Hsin cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hsin with h h · left rw [coe_sub, coe_sub] at h exact sub_right_inj.1 h right rw [coe_sub, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, add_sub, sub_add_eq_add_sub, ← coe_add, add_halves, sub_sub, sub_eq_zero] at h exact h.symm · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← coe_sub, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] have H' : θ + ψ = 2 * k * π + π := by rwa [← sub_add, sub_add_eq_add_sub, sub_eq_iff_eq_add, mul_assoc, mul_comm π _, ← mul_assoc] at H rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H', add_div, mul_assoc 2 _ π, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), cos_add_pi_div_two, sin_int_mul_pi, neg_zero, mul_zero] #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem cos_sin_inj {θ ψ : ℝ} (Hcos : cos θ = cos ψ) (Hsin : sin θ = sin ψ) : (θ : Angle) = ψ := by cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hcos with hc hc; · exact hc cases' sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi.mp Hsin with hs hs; · exact hs rw [eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, hs] at hc obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ : ∃ n, n • _ = _ := QuotientAddGroup.leftRel_apply.mp (Quotient.exact' hc) rw [← neg_one_mul, add_zero, ← sub_eq_zero, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, ← sub_mul, mul_eq_zero, eq_false (ne_of_gt pi_pos), or_false_iff, sub_neg_eq_add, ← Int.cast_zero, ← Int.cast_one, ← Int.cast_ofNat, ← Int.cast_mul, ← Int.cast_add, Int.cast_inj] at hn have : (n * 2 + 1) % (2 : ℤ) = 0 % (2 : ℤ) := congr_arg (· % (2 : ℤ)) hn rw [add_comm, Int.add_mul_emod_self] at this exact absurd this one_ne_zero #align real.angle.cos_sin_inj Real.Angle.cos_sin_inj def sin (θ : Angle) : ℝ := sin_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.sin Real.Angle.sin @[simp] theorem sin_coe (x : ℝ) : sin (x : Angle) = Real.sin x := rfl #align real.angle.sin_coe Real.Angle.sin_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_sin : Continuous sin := Real.continuous_sin.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_sin Real.Angle.continuous_sin def cos (θ : Angle) : ℝ := cos_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.cos Real.Angle.cos @[simp] theorem cos_coe (x : ℝ) : cos (x : Angle) = Real.cos x := rfl #align real.angle.cos_coe Real.Angle.cos_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_cos : Continuous cos := Real.continuous_cos.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_cos Real.Angle.continuous_cos theorem cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = Real.cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : Angle} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = Real.sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi @[simp] theorem sin_zero : sin (0 : Angle) = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, sin_coe, Real.sin_zero] #align real.angle.sin_zero Real.Angle.sin_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem sin_coe_pi : sin (π : Angle) = 0 := by rw [sin_coe, Real.sin_pi] #align real.angle.sin_coe_pi Real.Angle.sin_coe_pi theorem sin_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by nth_rw 1 [← sin_zero] rw [sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi] simp #align real.angle.sin_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← sin_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.sin_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_ne_zero_iff @[simp] theorem sin_neg (θ : Angle) : sin (-θ) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_neg _ #align real.angle.sin_neg Real.Angle.sin_neg theorem sin_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic sin (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.sin_antiperiodic Real.Angle.sin_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem sin_add_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi Real.Angle.sin_add_pi @[simp] theorem sin_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi @[simp] theorem cos_zero : cos (0 : Angle) = 1 := by rw [← coe_zero, cos_coe, Real.cos_zero] #align real.angle.cos_zero Real.Angle.cos_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem cos_coe_pi : cos (π : Angle) = -1 := by rw [cos_coe, Real.cos_pi] #align real.angle.cos_coe_pi Real.Angle.cos_coe_pi @[simp] theorem cos_neg (θ : Angle) : cos (-θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_neg _ #align real.angle.cos_neg Real.Angle.cos_neg theorem cos_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic cos (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.cos_antiperiodic Real.Angle.cos_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem cos_add_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi Real.Angle.cos_add_pi @[simp] theorem cos_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi theorem cos_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : cos θ = 0 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← cos_pi_div_two, ← cos_coe, cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg, ← coe_neg, ← neg_div] #align real.angle.cos_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.cos_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : sin (θ₁ + θ₂) = sin θ₁ * cos θ₂ + cos θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add _ _ #align real.angle.sin_add Real.Angle.sin_add theorem cos_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : cos (θ₁ + θ₂) = cos θ₁ * cos θ₂ - sin θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add _ _ #align real.angle.cos_add Real.Angle.cos_add @[simp] theorem cos_sq_add_sin_sq (θ : Real.Angle) : cos θ ^ 2 + sin θ ^ 2 = 1 := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sq_add_sin_sq _ #align real.angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq Real.Angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq theorem sin_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_add_pi_div_two theorem sin_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = -cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two theorem sin_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : sin (↑(π / 2) - θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub theorem cos_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_add_pi_div_two theorem cos_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two theorem cos_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : cos (↑(π / 2) - θ) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [sin_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [cos_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq @[simp] theorem coe_toIcoMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIcoMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIcoDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIcoMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ico_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIcoMod @[simp] theorem coe_toIocMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIocMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIocDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIocMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ioc_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIocMod def toReal (θ : Angle) : ℝ := (toIocMod_periodic two_pi_pos (-π)).lift θ #align real.angle.to_real Real.Angle.toReal theorem toReal_coe (θ : ℝ) : (θ : Angle).toReal = toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ := rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe Real.Angle.toReal_coe theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ -π < θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by rw [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_self two_pi_pos] ring_nf rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, ← Set.mem_Ioc] #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc theorem toReal_injective : Function.Injective toReal := by intro θ ψ h induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on simpa [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_toIocMod, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm _ (2 * π), ← angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, eq_comm] using h #align real.angle.to_real_injective Real.Angle.toReal_injective @[simp] theorem toReal_inj {θ ψ : Angle} : θ.toReal = ψ.toReal ↔ θ = ψ := toReal_injective.eq_iff #align real.angle.to_real_inj Real.Angle.toReal_inj @[simp] theorem coe_toReal (θ : Angle) : (θ.toReal : Angle) = θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact coe_toIocMod _ _ #align real.angle.coe_to_real Real.Angle.coe_toReal theorem neg_pi_lt_toReal (θ : Angle) : -π < θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact left_lt_toIocMod _ _ _ #align real.angle.neg_pi_lt_to_real Real.Angle.neg_pi_lt_toReal theorem toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ≤ π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on convert toIocMod_le_right two_pi_pos _ _ ring #align real.angle.to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.toReal_le_pi theorem abs_toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : |θ.toReal| ≤ π := abs_le.2 ⟨(neg_pi_lt_toReal _).le, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.abs_toReal_le_pi theorem toReal_mem_Ioc (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := ⟨neg_pi_lt_toReal _, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_mem_Ioc @[simp] theorem toIocMod_toReal (θ : Angle) : toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ.toReal = θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [toReal_coe] exact toIocMod_toIocMod _ _ _ _ #align real.angle.to_Ioc_mod_to_real Real.Angle.toIocMod_toReal @[simp] theorem toReal_zero : (0 : Angle).toReal = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos, Real.pi_pos.le⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_zero Real.Angle.toReal_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = 0 ↔ θ = 0 := by nth_rw 1 [← toReal_zero] exact toReal_inj #align real.angle.to_real_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_pi : (π : Angle).toReal = π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_lt_self Real.pi_pos, le_refl _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_pi Real.Angle.toReal_pi @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π ↔ θ = π := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_iff theorem pi_ne_zero : (π : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi, toReal_zero] exact Real.pi_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_pi_div_two : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_neg_pi_div_two : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = -π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_neg_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = -π / 2 ↔ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff theorem pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero Real.pi_ne_zero two_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_neg_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero (neg_ne_zero.2 Real.pi_ne_zero) two_ne_zero #align real.angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => (toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨(Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos).trans_le h.1, h.2⟩).symm ▸ abs_eq_self.2 h.1⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(-θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by refine ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => ?_⟩ by_cases hnegpi : θ = π; · simp [hnegpi, Real.pi_pos.le] rw [← coe_neg, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨neg_lt_neg (lt_of_le_of_ne h.2 hnegpi), (neg_nonpos.2 h.1).trans Real.pi_pos.le⟩, abs_neg, abs_eq_self.2 h.1] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_neg_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : |θ.toReal| = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [abs_eq (div_nonneg Real.pi_pos.le two_pos.le), ← neg_div, toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff theorem nsmul_toReal_eq_mul {n : ℕ} (h : n ≠ 0) {θ : Angle} : (n • θ).toReal = n * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / n) (π / n) := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] have h' : 0 < (n : ℝ) := mod_cast Nat.pos_of_ne_zero h rw [← coe_nsmul, nsmul_eq_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc, div_lt_iff' h', le_div_iff' h'] #align real.angle.nsmul_to_real_eq_mul Real.Angle.nsmul_toReal_eq_mul theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := mod_cast nsmul_toReal_eq_mul two_ne_zero #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} {k : ℤ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * k * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc ((2 * k - 1 : ℝ) * π) ((2 * k + 1) * π) := by rw [← sub_zero (θ : Angle), ← zsmul_zero k, ← coe_two_pi, ← coe_zsmul, ← coe_sub, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, mul_comm (k : ℝ), toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩, fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc π (3 * π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ 1 <;> norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ + 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-3 * π) (-π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ (-1) using 2 <;> set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨(div_lt_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h, by linarith [pi_pos, toReal_le_pi θ]⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] refine ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨by linarith [pi_pos, neg_pi_lt_toReal θ], (le_div_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi @[simp] theorem sin_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.sin θ.toReal = sin θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, sin_coe] #align real.angle.sin_to_real Real.Angle.sin_toReal @[simp] theorem cos_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.cos θ.toReal = cos θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, cos_coe] #align real.angle.cos_to_real Real.Angle.cos_toReal theorem cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 ≤ cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| ≤ π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [abs_le, cos_coe] refine ⟨fun h => ?_, cos_nonneg_of_mem_Icc⟩ by_contra hn rw [not_and_or, not_le, not_le] at hn refine (not_lt.2 h) ?_ rcases hn with (hn | hn) · rw [← Real.cos_neg] refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt (by linarith) ?_ linarith [neg_pi_lt_toReal θ] · refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt hn ?_ linarith [toReal_le_pi θ] #align real.angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_to_real_le_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two theorem cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 < cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| < π / 2 := by rw [lt_iff_le_and_ne, lt_iff_le_and_ne, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two, ← and_congr_right] rintro - rw [Ne, Ne, not_iff_not, @eq_comm ℝ 0, abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, cos_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_to_real_lt_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two theorem cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal {θ : Angle} : cos θ < 0 ↔ π / 2 < |θ.toReal| := by rw [← not_le, ← not_le, not_iff_not, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_to_real Real.Angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ + (2 : ℕ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← two_nsmul_coe_div_two, ← nsmul_sub, two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) <;> simp [cos_pi_div_two_sub] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ + (2 : ℤ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi h #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi def tan (θ : Angle) : ℝ := sin θ / cos θ #align real.angle.tan Real.Angle.tan theorem tan_eq_sin_div_cos (θ : Angle) : tan θ = sin θ / cos θ := rfl #align real.angle.tan_eq_sin_div_cos Real.Angle.tan_eq_sin_div_cos @[simp] theorem tan_coe (x : ℝ) : tan (x : Angle) = Real.tan x := by rw [tan, sin_coe, cos_coe, Real.tan_eq_sin_div_cos] #align real.angle.tan_coe Real.Angle.tan_coe @[simp] theorem tan_zero : tan (0 : Angle) = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, tan_coe, Real.tan_zero] #align real.angle.tan_zero Real.Angle.tan_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can now prove it theorem tan_coe_pi : tan (π : Angle) = 0 := by rw [tan_coe, Real.tan_pi] #align real.angle.tan_coe_pi Real.Angle.tan_coe_pi theorem tan_periodic : Function.Periodic tan (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [← coe_add, tan_coe, tan_coe] exact Real.tan_periodic _ #align real.angle.tan_periodic Real.Angle.tan_periodic @[simp] theorem tan_add_pi (θ : Angle) : tan (θ + π) = tan θ := tan_periodic θ #align real.angle.tan_add_pi Real.Angle.tan_add_pi @[simp] theorem tan_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : tan (θ - π) = tan θ := tan_periodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.tan_sub_pi Real.Angle.tan_sub_pi @[simp] theorem tan_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.tan θ.toReal = tan θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, tan_coe] #align real.angle.tan_to_real Real.Angle.tan_toReal theorem tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : tan θ = tan ψ := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · exact tan_add_pi _ #align real.angle.tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : tan θ = tan ψ := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq theorem tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ + (2 : ℕ) • ψ = π) : tan ψ = (tan θ)⁻¹ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [← smul_add, ← coe_add, ← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] at h rcases h with ⟨k, h⟩ rw [sub_eq_iff_eq_add, ← mul_inv_cancel_left₀ two_ne_zero π, mul_assoc, ← mul_add, mul_right_inj' (two_ne_zero' ℝ), ← eq_sub_iff_add_eq', mul_inv_cancel_left₀ two_ne_zero π, inv_mul_eq_div, mul_comm] at h rw [tan_coe, tan_coe, ← tan_pi_div_two_sub, h, add_sub_assoc, add_comm] exact Real.tan_periodic.int_mul _ _ #align real.angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi theorem tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ + (2 : ℤ) • ψ = π) : tan ψ = (tan θ)⁻¹ := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi h #align real.angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi def sign (θ : Angle) : SignType := SignType.sign (sin θ) #align real.angle.sign Real.Angle.sign @[simp] theorem sign_zero : (0 : Angle).sign = 0 := by rw [sign, sin_zero, _root_.sign_zero] #align real.angle.sign_zero Real.Angle.sign_zero @[simp] theorem sign_coe_pi : (π : Angle).sign = 0 := by rw [sign, sin_coe_pi, _root_.sign_zero] #align real.angle.sign_coe_pi Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi @[simp] theorem sign_neg (θ : Angle) : (-θ).sign = -θ.sign := by simp_rw [sign, sin_neg, Left.sign_neg] #align real.angle.sign_neg Real.Angle.sign_neg theorem sign_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic sign (π : Angle) := fun θ => by rw [sign, sign, sin_add_pi, Left.sign_neg] #align real.angle.sign_antiperiodic Real.Angle.sign_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem sign_add_pi (θ : Angle) : (θ + π).sign = -θ.sign := sign_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.sign_add_pi Real.Angle.sign_add_pi @[simp] theorem sign_pi_add (θ : Angle) : ((π : Angle) + θ).sign = -θ.sign := by rw [add_comm, sign_add_pi] #align real.angle.sign_pi_add Real.Angle.sign_pi_add @[simp] theorem sign_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : (θ - π).sign = -θ.sign := sign_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.sign_sub_pi Real.Angle.sign_sub_pi @[simp] theorem sign_pi_sub (θ : Angle) : ((π : Angle) - θ).sign = θ.sign := by simp [sign_antiperiodic.sub_eq'] #align real.angle.sign_pi_sub Real.Angle.sign_pi_sub theorem sign_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.sign = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [sign, _root_.sign_eq_zero_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.sign_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.sign_eq_zero_iff
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Trigonometric/Angle.lean
898
899
theorem sign_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.sign ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by
rw [← not_or, ← sign_eq_zero_iff]
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Lebesgue.EqHaar import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Covering.Besicovitch import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import measure_theory.covering.besicovitch_vector_space from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fd5edc43dc4f10b85abfe544b88f82cf13c5f844" universe u open Metric Set FiniteDimensional MeasureTheory Filter Fin open scoped ENNReal Topology noncomputable section namespace Besicovitch variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] def multiplicity (E : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup E] := sSup {N | ∃ s : Finset E, s.card = N ∧ (∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2) ∧ ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 ≤ ‖c - d‖} #align besicovitch.multiplicity Besicovitch.multiplicity section variable [NormedSpace ℝ E] [FiniteDimensional ℝ E] theorem card_le_of_separated (s : Finset E) (hs : ∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2) (h : ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 ≤ ‖c - d‖) : s.card ≤ 5 ^ finrank ℝ E := by borelize E let μ : Measure E := Measure.addHaar let δ : ℝ := (1 : ℝ) / 2 let ρ : ℝ := (5 : ℝ) / 2 have ρpos : 0 < ρ := by norm_num set A := ⋃ c ∈ s, ball (c : E) δ with hA have D : Set.Pairwise (s : Set E) (Disjoint on fun c => ball (c : E) δ) := by rintro c hc d hd hcd apply ball_disjoint_ball rw [dist_eq_norm] convert h c hc d hd hcd norm_num have A_subset : A ⊆ ball (0 : E) ρ := by refine iUnion₂_subset fun x hx => ?_ apply ball_subset_ball' calc δ + dist x 0 ≤ δ + 2 := by rw [dist_zero_right]; exact add_le_add le_rfl (hs x hx) _ = 5 / 2 := by norm_num have I : (s.card : ℝ≥0∞) * ENNReal.ofReal (δ ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) ≤ ENNReal.ofReal (ρ ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) := calc (s.card : ℝ≥0∞) * ENNReal.ofReal (δ ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) = μ A := by rw [hA, measure_biUnion_finset D fun c _ => measurableSet_ball] have I : 0 < δ := by norm_num simp only [div_pow, μ.addHaar_ball_of_pos _ I] simp only [one_div, one_pow, Finset.sum_const, nsmul_eq_mul, mul_assoc] _ ≤ μ (ball (0 : E) ρ) := measure_mono A_subset _ = ENNReal.ofReal (ρ ^ finrank ℝ E) * μ (ball 0 1) := by simp only [μ.addHaar_ball_of_pos _ ρpos] have J : (s.card : ℝ≥0∞) * ENNReal.ofReal (δ ^ finrank ℝ E) ≤ ENNReal.ofReal (ρ ^ finrank ℝ E) := (ENNReal.mul_le_mul_right (measure_ball_pos _ _ zero_lt_one).ne' measure_ball_lt_top.ne).1 I have K : (s.card : ℝ) ≤ (5 : ℝ) ^ finrank ℝ E := by have := ENNReal.toReal_le_of_le_ofReal (pow_nonneg ρpos.le _) J simpa [ρ, δ, div_eq_mul_inv, mul_pow] using this exact mod_cast K #align besicovitch.card_le_of_separated Besicovitch.card_le_of_separated theorem multiplicity_le : multiplicity E ≤ 5 ^ finrank ℝ E := by apply csSup_le · refine ⟨0, ⟨∅, by simp⟩⟩ · rintro _ ⟨s, ⟨rfl, h⟩⟩ exact Besicovitch.card_le_of_separated s h.1 h.2 #align besicovitch.multiplicity_le Besicovitch.multiplicity_le theorem card_le_multiplicity {s : Finset E} (hs : ∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2) (h's : ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 ≤ ‖c - d‖) : s.card ≤ multiplicity E := by apply le_csSup · refine ⟨5 ^ finrank ℝ E, ?_⟩ rintro _ ⟨s, ⟨rfl, h⟩⟩ exact Besicovitch.card_le_of_separated s h.1 h.2 · simp only [mem_setOf_eq, Ne] exact ⟨s, rfl, hs, h's⟩ #align besicovitch.card_le_multiplicity Besicovitch.card_le_multiplicity variable (E) theorem exists_goodδ : ∃ δ : ℝ, 0 < δ ∧ δ < 1 ∧ ∀ s : Finset E, (∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2) → (∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 - δ ≤ ‖c - d‖) → s.card ≤ multiplicity E := by classical by_contra! h set N := multiplicity E + 1 with hN have : ∀ δ : ℝ, 0 < δ → ∃ f : Fin N → E, (∀ i : Fin N, ‖f i‖ ≤ 2) ∧ Pairwise fun i j => 1 - δ ≤ ‖f i - f j‖ := by intro δ hδ rcases lt_or_le δ 1 with (hδ' | hδ') · rcases h δ hδ hδ' with ⟨s, hs, h's, s_card⟩ obtain ⟨f, f_inj, hfs⟩ : ∃ f : Fin N → E, Function.Injective f ∧ range f ⊆ ↑s := by have : Fintype.card (Fin N) ≤ s.card := by simp only [Fintype.card_fin]; exact s_card rcases Function.Embedding.exists_of_card_le_finset this with ⟨f, hf⟩ exact ⟨f, f.injective, hf⟩ simp only [range_subset_iff, Finset.mem_coe] at hfs exact ⟨f, fun i => hs _ (hfs i), fun i j hij => h's _ (hfs i) _ (hfs j) (f_inj.ne hij)⟩ · exact ⟨fun _ => 0, by simp, fun i j _ => by simpa only [norm_zero, sub_nonpos, sub_self]⟩ -- For `δ > 0`, `F δ` is a function from `fin N` to the ball of radius `2` for which two points -- in the image are separated by `1 - δ`. choose! F hF using this -- Choose a converging subsequence when `δ → 0`. have : ∃ f : Fin N → E, (∀ i : Fin N, ‖f i‖ ≤ 2) ∧ Pairwise fun i j => 1 ≤ ‖f i - f j‖ := by obtain ⟨u, _, zero_lt_u, hu⟩ : ∃ u : ℕ → ℝ, (∀ m n : ℕ, m < n → u n < u m) ∧ (∀ n : ℕ, 0 < u n) ∧ Filter.Tendsto u Filter.atTop (𝓝 0) := exists_seq_strictAnti_tendsto (0 : ℝ) have A : ∀ n, F (u n) ∈ closedBall (0 : Fin N → E) 2 := by intro n simp only [pi_norm_le_iff_of_nonneg zero_le_two, mem_closedBall, dist_zero_right, (hF (u n) (zero_lt_u n)).left, forall_const] obtain ⟨f, fmem, φ, φ_mono, hf⟩ : ∃ f ∈ closedBall (0 : Fin N → E) 2, ∃ φ : ℕ → ℕ, StrictMono φ ∧ Tendsto ((F ∘ u) ∘ φ) atTop (𝓝 f) := IsCompact.tendsto_subseq (isCompact_closedBall _ _) A refine ⟨f, fun i => ?_, fun i j hij => ?_⟩ · simp only [pi_norm_le_iff_of_nonneg zero_le_two, mem_closedBall, dist_zero_right] at fmem exact fmem i · have A : Tendsto (fun n => ‖F (u (φ n)) i - F (u (φ n)) j‖) atTop (𝓝 ‖f i - f j‖) := ((hf.apply_nhds i).sub (hf.apply_nhds j)).norm have B : Tendsto (fun n => 1 - u (φ n)) atTop (𝓝 (1 - 0)) := tendsto_const_nhds.sub (hu.comp φ_mono.tendsto_atTop) rw [sub_zero] at B exact le_of_tendsto_of_tendsto' B A fun n => (hF (u (φ n)) (zero_lt_u _)).2 hij rcases this with ⟨f, hf, h'f⟩ -- the range of `f` contradicts the definition of `multiplicity E`. have finj : Function.Injective f := by intro i j hij by_contra h have : 1 ≤ ‖f i - f j‖ := h'f h simp only [hij, norm_zero, sub_self] at this exact lt_irrefl _ (this.trans_lt zero_lt_one) let s := Finset.image f Finset.univ have s_card : s.card = N := by rw [Finset.card_image_of_injective _ finj]; exact Finset.card_fin N have hs : ∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2 := by simp only [s, hf, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_const, forall_exists_index, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.mem_image, true_and] have h's : ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 ≤ ‖c - d‖ := by simp only [s, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_exists_index, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.mem_image, Ne, exists_true_left, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_true_left, true_and] intro i j hij have : i ≠ j := fun h => by rw [h] at hij; exact hij rfl exact h'f this have : s.card ≤ multiplicity E := card_le_multiplicity hs h's rw [s_card, hN] at this exact lt_irrefl _ ((Nat.lt_succ_self (multiplicity E)).trans_le this) #align besicovitch.exists_good_δ Besicovitch.exists_goodδ def goodδ : ℝ := (exists_goodδ E).choose #align besicovitch.good_δ Besicovitch.goodδ theorem goodδ_lt_one : goodδ E < 1 := (exists_goodδ E).choose_spec.2.1 #align besicovitch.good_δ_lt_one Besicovitch.goodδ_lt_one def goodτ : ℝ := 1 + goodδ E / 4 #align besicovitch.good_τ Besicovitch.goodτ theorem one_lt_goodτ : 1 < goodτ E := by dsimp [goodτ, goodδ]; linarith [(exists_goodδ E).choose_spec.1] #align besicovitch.one_lt_good_τ Besicovitch.one_lt_goodτ variable {E} theorem card_le_multiplicity_of_δ {s : Finset E} (hs : ∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2) (h's : ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 - goodδ E ≤ ‖c - d‖) : s.card ≤ multiplicity E := (Classical.choose_spec (exists_goodδ E)).2.2 s hs h's #align besicovitch.card_le_multiplicity_of_δ Besicovitch.card_le_multiplicity_of_δ
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Covering/BesicovitchVectorSpace.lean
277
298
theorem le_multiplicity_of_δ_of_fin {n : ℕ} (f : Fin n → E) (h : ∀ i, ‖f i‖ ≤ 2) (h' : Pairwise fun i j => 1 - goodδ E ≤ ‖f i - f j‖) : n ≤ multiplicity E := by
classical have finj : Function.Injective f := by intro i j hij by_contra h have : 1 - goodδ E ≤ ‖f i - f j‖ := h' h simp only [hij, norm_zero, sub_self] at this linarith [goodδ_lt_one E] let s := Finset.image f Finset.univ have s_card : s.card = n := by rw [Finset.card_image_of_injective _ finj]; exact Finset.card_fin n have hs : ∀ c ∈ s, ‖c‖ ≤ 2 := by simp only [s, h, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_const, forall_exists_index, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.mem_image, imp_true_iff, true_and] have h's : ∀ c ∈ s, ∀ d ∈ s, c ≠ d → 1 - goodδ E ≤ ‖c - d‖ := by simp only [s, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_exists_index, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.mem_image, Ne, exists_true_left, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff, forall_true_left, true_and] intro i j hij have : i ≠ j := fun h => by rw [h] at hij; exact hij rfl exact h' this have : s.card ≤ multiplicity E := card_le_multiplicity_of_δ hs h's rwa [s_card] at this
import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Combination import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Extreme #align_import analysis.convex.independent from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fefd8a38be7811574cd2ec2f77d3a393a407f112" open scoped Classical open Affine open Finset Function variable {𝕜 E ι : Type*} section OrderedSemiring variable (𝕜) [OrderedSemiring 𝕜] [AddCommGroup E] [Module 𝕜 E] {s t : Set E} def ConvexIndependent (p : ι → E) : Prop := ∀ (s : Set ι) (x : ι), p x ∈ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s) → x ∈ s #align convex_independent ConvexIndependent variable {𝕜} theorem Subsingleton.convexIndependent [Subsingleton ι] (p : ι → E) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p := by intro s x hx have : (convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s)).Nonempty := ⟨p x, hx⟩ rw [convexHull_nonempty_iff, Set.image_nonempty] at this rwa [Subsingleton.mem_iff_nonempty] #align subsingleton.convex_independent Subsingleton.convexIndependent protected theorem ConvexIndependent.injective {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : Function.Injective p := by refine fun i j hij => hc {j} i ?_ rw [hij, Set.image_singleton, convexHull_singleton] exact Set.mem_singleton _ #align convex_independent.injective ConvexIndependent.injective theorem ConvexIndependent.comp_embedding {ι' : Type*} (f : ι' ↪ ι) {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 (p ∘ f) := by intro s x hx rw [← f.injective.mem_set_image] exact hc _ _ (by rwa [Set.image_image]) #align convex_independent.comp_embedding ConvexIndependent.comp_embedding protected theorem ConvexIndependent.subtype {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) (s : Set ι) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 fun i : s => p i := hc.comp_embedding (Embedding.subtype _) #align convex_independent.subtype ConvexIndependent.subtype protected theorem ConvexIndependent.range {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : Set.range p → E) := by let f : Set.range p → ι := fun x => x.property.choose have hf : ∀ x, p (f x) = x := fun x => x.property.choose_spec let fe : Set.range p ↪ ι := ⟨f, fun x₁ x₂ he => Subtype.ext (hf x₁ ▸ hf x₂ ▸ he ▸ rfl)⟩ convert hc.comp_embedding fe ext rw [Embedding.coeFn_mk, comp_apply, hf] #align convex_independent.range ConvexIndependent.range protected theorem ConvexIndependent.mono {s t : Set E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : t → E)) (hs : s ⊆ t) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : s → E) := hc.comp_embedding (s.embeddingOfSubset t hs) #align convex_independent.mono ConvexIndependent.mono theorem Function.Injective.convexIndependent_iff_set {p : ι → E} (hi : Function.Injective p) : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 ((↑) : Set.range p → E) ↔ ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p := ⟨fun hc => hc.comp_embedding (⟨fun i => ⟨p i, Set.mem_range_self _⟩, fun _ _ h => hi (Subtype.mk_eq_mk.1 h)⟩ : ι ↪ Set.range p), ConvexIndependent.range⟩ #align function.injective.convex_independent_iff_set Function.Injective.convexIndependent_iff_set @[simp] protected theorem ConvexIndependent.mem_convexHull_iff {p : ι → E} (hc : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p) (s : Set ι) (i : ι) : p i ∈ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' s) ↔ i ∈ s := ⟨hc _ _, fun hi => subset_convexHull 𝕜 _ (Set.mem_image_of_mem p hi)⟩ #align convex_independent.mem_convex_hull_iff ConvexIndependent.mem_convexHull_iff
Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Independent.lean
133
141
theorem convexIndependent_iff_not_mem_convexHull_diff {p : ι → E} : ConvexIndependent 𝕜 p ↔ ∀ i s, p i ∉ convexHull 𝕜 (p '' (s \ {i})) := by
refine ⟨fun hc i s h => ?_, fun h s i hi => ?_⟩ · rw [hc.mem_convexHull_iff] at h exact h.2 (Set.mem_singleton _) · by_contra H refine h i s ?_ rw [Set.diff_singleton_eq_self H] exact hi
import Mathlib.Algebra.Field.Opposite import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Subgroup.ZPowers import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Submonoid.Membership import Mathlib.Algebra.Ring.NegOnePow import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Archimedean import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Coset #align_import algebra.periodic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"30413fc89f202a090a54d78e540963ed3de0056e" variable {α β γ : Type*} {f g : α → β} {c c₁ c₂ x : α} open Set namespace Function @[simp] def Periodic [Add α] (f : α → β) (c : α) : Prop := ∀ x : α, f (x + c) = f x #align function.periodic Function.Periodic protected theorem Periodic.funext [Add α] (h : Periodic f c) : (fun x => f (x + c)) = f := funext h #align function.periodic.funext Function.Periodic.funext protected theorem Periodic.comp [Add α] (h : Periodic f c) (g : β → γ) : Periodic (g ∘ f) c := by simp_all #align function.periodic.comp Function.Periodic.comp theorem Periodic.comp_addHom [Add α] [Add γ] (h : Periodic f c) (g : AddHom γ α) (g_inv : α → γ) (hg : RightInverse g_inv g) : Periodic (f ∘ g) (g_inv c) := fun x => by simp only [hg c, h (g x), map_add, comp_apply] #align function.periodic.comp_add_hom Function.Periodic.comp_addHom @[to_additive] protected theorem Periodic.mul [Add α] [Mul β] (hf : Periodic f c) (hg : Periodic g c) : Periodic (f * g) c := by simp_all #align function.periodic.mul Function.Periodic.mul #align function.periodic.add Function.Periodic.add @[to_additive] protected theorem Periodic.div [Add α] [Div β] (hf : Periodic f c) (hg : Periodic g c) : Periodic (f / g) c := by simp_all #align function.periodic.div Function.Periodic.div #align function.periodic.sub Function.Periodic.sub @[to_additive] theorem _root_.List.periodic_prod [Add α] [Monoid β] (l : List (α → β)) (hl : ∀ f ∈ l, Periodic f c) : Periodic l.prod c := by induction' l with g l ih hl · simp · rw [List.forall_mem_cons] at hl simpa only [List.prod_cons] using hl.1.mul (ih hl.2) #align list.periodic_prod List.periodic_prod #align list.periodic_sum List.periodic_sum @[to_additive] theorem _root_.Multiset.periodic_prod [Add α] [CommMonoid β] (s : Multiset (α → β)) (hs : ∀ f ∈ s, Periodic f c) : Periodic s.prod c := (s.prod_toList ▸ s.toList.periodic_prod) fun f hf => hs f <| Multiset.mem_toList.mp hf #align multiset.periodic_prod Multiset.periodic_prod #align multiset.periodic_sum Multiset.periodic_sum @[to_additive] theorem _root_.Finset.periodic_prod [Add α] [CommMonoid β] {ι : Type*} {f : ι → α → β} (s : Finset ι) (hs : ∀ i ∈ s, Periodic (f i) c) : Periodic (∏ i ∈ s, f i) c := s.prod_to_list f ▸ (s.toList.map f).periodic_prod (by simpa [-Periodic] ) #align finset.periodic_prod Finset.periodic_prod #align finset.periodic_sum Finset.periodic_sum @[to_additive] protected theorem Periodic.smul [Add α] [SMul γ β] (h : Periodic f c) (a : γ) : Periodic (a • f) c := by simp_all #align function.periodic.smul Function.Periodic.smul #align function.periodic.vadd Function.Periodic.vadd protected theorem Periodic.const_smul [AddMonoid α] [Group γ] [DistribMulAction γ α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : γ) : Periodic (fun x => f (a • x)) (a⁻¹ • c) := fun x => by simpa only [smul_add, smul_inv_smul] using h (a • x) #align function.periodic.const_smul Function.Periodic.const_smul protected theorem Periodic.const_smul₀ [AddCommMonoid α] [DivisionSemiring γ] [Module γ α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : γ) : Periodic (fun x => f (a • x)) (a⁻¹ • c) := fun x => by by_cases ha : a = 0 · simp only [ha, zero_smul] · simpa only [smul_add, smul_inv_smul₀ ha] using h (a • x) #align function.periodic.const_smul₀ Function.Periodic.const_smul₀ protected theorem Periodic.const_mul [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (a * x)) (a⁻¹ * c) := Periodic.const_smul₀ h a #align function.periodic.const_mul Function.Periodic.const_mul theorem Periodic.const_inv_smul [AddMonoid α] [Group γ] [DistribMulAction γ α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : γ) : Periodic (fun x => f (a⁻¹ • x)) (a • c) := by simpa only [inv_inv] using h.const_smul a⁻¹ #align function.periodic.const_inv_smul Function.Periodic.const_inv_smul theorem Periodic.const_inv_smul₀ [AddCommMonoid α] [DivisionSemiring γ] [Module γ α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : γ) : Periodic (fun x => f (a⁻¹ • x)) (a • c) := by simpa only [inv_inv] using h.const_smul₀ a⁻¹ #align function.periodic.const_inv_smul₀ Function.Periodic.const_inv_smul₀ theorem Periodic.const_inv_mul [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (a⁻¹ * x)) (a * c) := h.const_inv_smul₀ a #align function.periodic.const_inv_mul Function.Periodic.const_inv_mul theorem Periodic.mul_const [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x * a)) (c * a⁻¹) := h.const_smul₀ (MulOpposite.op a) #align function.periodic.mul_const Function.Periodic.mul_const theorem Periodic.mul_const' [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x * a)) (c / a) := by simpa only [div_eq_mul_inv] using h.mul_const a #align function.periodic.mul_const' Function.Periodic.mul_const' theorem Periodic.mul_const_inv [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x * a⁻¹)) (c * a) := h.const_inv_smul₀ (MulOpposite.op a) #align function.periodic.mul_const_inv Function.Periodic.mul_const_inv theorem Periodic.div_const [DivisionSemiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x / a)) (c * a) := by simpa only [div_eq_mul_inv] using h.mul_const_inv a #align function.periodic.div_const Function.Periodic.div_const theorem Periodic.add_period [AddSemigroup α] (h1 : Periodic f c₁) (h2 : Periodic f c₂) : Periodic f (c₁ + c₂) := by simp_all [← add_assoc] #align function.periodic.add_period Function.Periodic.add_period theorem Periodic.sub_eq [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (x : α) : f (x - c) = f x := by simpa only [sub_add_cancel] using (h (x - c)).symm #align function.periodic.sub_eq Function.Periodic.sub_eq theorem Periodic.sub_eq' [AddCommGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) : f (c - x) = f (-x) := by simpa only [sub_eq_neg_add] using h (-x) #align function.periodic.sub_eq' Function.Periodic.sub_eq' protected theorem Periodic.neg [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) : Periodic f (-c) := by simpa only [sub_eq_add_neg, Periodic] using h.sub_eq #align function.periodic.neg Function.Periodic.neg theorem Periodic.sub_period [AddGroup α] (h1 : Periodic f c₁) (h2 : Periodic f c₂) : Periodic f (c₁ - c₂) := fun x => by rw [sub_eq_add_neg, ← add_assoc, h2.neg, h1] #align function.periodic.sub_period Function.Periodic.sub_period theorem Periodic.const_add [AddSemigroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (a + x)) c := fun x => by simpa [add_assoc] using h (a + x) #align function.periodic.const_add Function.Periodic.const_add theorem Periodic.add_const [AddCommSemigroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x + a)) c := fun x => by simpa only [add_right_comm] using h (x + a) #align function.periodic.add_const Function.Periodic.add_const theorem Periodic.const_sub [AddCommGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (a - x)) c := fun x => by simp only [← sub_sub, h.sub_eq] #align function.periodic.const_sub Function.Periodic.const_sub theorem Periodic.sub_const [AddCommGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : Periodic (fun x => f (x - a)) c := by simpa only [sub_eq_add_neg] using h.add_const (-a) #align function.periodic.sub_const Function.Periodic.sub_const theorem Periodic.nsmul [AddMonoid α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f (n • c) := by induction n <;> simp_all [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, add_nsmul, ← add_assoc, zero_nsmul] #align function.periodic.nsmul Function.Periodic.nsmul theorem Periodic.nat_mul [Semiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f (n * c) := by simpa only [nsmul_eq_mul] using h.nsmul n #align function.periodic.nat_mul Function.Periodic.nat_mul theorem Periodic.neg_nsmul [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f (-(n • c)) := (h.nsmul n).neg #align function.periodic.neg_nsmul Function.Periodic.neg_nsmul theorem Periodic.neg_nat_mul [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f (-(n * c)) := (h.nat_mul n).neg #align function.periodic.neg_nat_mul Function.Periodic.neg_nat_mul theorem Periodic.sub_nsmul_eq [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (x - n • c) = f x := by simpa only [sub_eq_add_neg] using h.neg_nsmul n x #align function.periodic.sub_nsmul_eq Function.Periodic.sub_nsmul_eq theorem Periodic.sub_nat_mul_eq [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (x - n * c) = f x := by simpa only [nsmul_eq_mul] using h.sub_nsmul_eq n #align function.periodic.sub_nat_mul_eq Function.Periodic.sub_nat_mul_eq theorem Periodic.nsmul_sub_eq [AddCommGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (n • c - x) = f (-x) := (h.nsmul n).sub_eq' #align function.periodic.nsmul_sub_eq Function.Periodic.nsmul_sub_eq theorem Periodic.nat_mul_sub_eq [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (n * c - x) = f (-x) := by simpa only [sub_eq_neg_add] using h.nat_mul n (-x) #align function.periodic.nat_mul_sub_eq Function.Periodic.nat_mul_sub_eq protected theorem Periodic.zsmul [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Periodic f (n • c) := by cases' n with n n · simpa only [Int.ofNat_eq_coe, natCast_zsmul] using h.nsmul n · simpa only [negSucc_zsmul] using (h.nsmul (n + 1)).neg #align function.periodic.zsmul Function.Periodic.zsmul protected theorem Periodic.int_mul [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Periodic f (n * c) := by simpa only [zsmul_eq_mul] using h.zsmul n #align function.periodic.int_mul Function.Periodic.int_mul theorem Periodic.sub_zsmul_eq [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (x - n • c) = f x := (h.zsmul n).sub_eq x #align function.periodic.sub_zsmul_eq Function.Periodic.sub_zsmul_eq theorem Periodic.sub_int_mul_eq [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (x - n * c) = f x := (h.int_mul n).sub_eq x #align function.periodic.sub_int_mul_eq Function.Periodic.sub_int_mul_eq theorem Periodic.zsmul_sub_eq [AddCommGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (n • c - x) = f (-x) := (h.zsmul _).sub_eq' #align function.periodic.zsmul_sub_eq Function.Periodic.zsmul_sub_eq theorem Periodic.int_mul_sub_eq [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (n * c - x) = f (-x) := (h.int_mul _).sub_eq' #align function.periodic.int_mul_sub_eq Function.Periodic.int_mul_sub_eq protected theorem Periodic.eq [AddZeroClass α] (h : Periodic f c) : f c = f 0 := by simpa only [zero_add] using h 0 #align function.periodic.eq Function.Periodic.eq protected theorem Periodic.neg_eq [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) : f (-c) = f 0 := h.neg.eq #align function.periodic.neg_eq Function.Periodic.neg_eq protected theorem Periodic.nsmul_eq [AddMonoid α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (n • c) = f 0 := (h.nsmul n).eq #align function.periodic.nsmul_eq Function.Periodic.nsmul_eq theorem Periodic.nat_mul_eq [Semiring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℕ) : f (n * c) = f 0 := (h.nat_mul n).eq #align function.periodic.nat_mul_eq Function.Periodic.nat_mul_eq theorem Periodic.zsmul_eq [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (n • c) = f 0 := (h.zsmul n).eq #align function.periodic.zsmul_eq Function.Periodic.zsmul_eq theorem Periodic.int_mul_eq [Ring α] (h : Periodic f c) (n : ℤ) : f (n * c) = f 0 := (h.int_mul n).eq #align function.periodic.int_mul_eq Function.Periodic.int_mul_eq theorem Periodic.exists_mem_Ico₀ [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : 0 < c) (x) : ∃ y ∈ Ico 0 c, f x = f y := let ⟨n, H, _⟩ := existsUnique_zsmul_near_of_pos' hc x ⟨x - n • c, H, (h.sub_zsmul_eq n).symm⟩ #align function.periodic.exists_mem_Ico₀ Function.Periodic.exists_mem_Ico₀ theorem Periodic.exists_mem_Ico [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : 0 < c) (x a) : ∃ y ∈ Ico a (a + c), f x = f y := let ⟨n, H, _⟩ := existsUnique_add_zsmul_mem_Ico hc x a ⟨x + n • c, H, (h.zsmul n x).symm⟩ #align function.periodic.exists_mem_Ico Function.Periodic.exists_mem_Ico theorem Periodic.exists_mem_Ioc [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : 0 < c) (x a) : ∃ y ∈ Ioc a (a + c), f x = f y := let ⟨n, H, _⟩ := existsUnique_add_zsmul_mem_Ioc hc x a ⟨x + n • c, H, (h.zsmul n x).symm⟩ #align function.periodic.exists_mem_Ioc Function.Periodic.exists_mem_Ioc theorem Periodic.image_Ioc [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : 0 < c) (a : α) : f '' Ioc a (a + c) = range f := (image_subset_range _ _).antisymm <| range_subset_iff.2 fun x => let ⟨y, hy, hyx⟩ := h.exists_mem_Ioc hc x a ⟨y, hy, hyx.symm⟩ #align function.periodic.image_Ioc Function.Periodic.image_Ioc theorem Periodic.image_Icc [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : 0 < c) (a : α) : f '' Icc a (a + c) = range f := (image_subset_range _ _).antisymm <| h.image_Ioc hc a ▸ image_subset _ Ioc_subset_Icc_self theorem Periodic.image_uIcc [LinearOrderedAddCommGroup α] [Archimedean α] (h : Periodic f c) (hc : c ≠ 0) (a : α) : f '' uIcc a (a + c) = range f := by cases hc.lt_or_lt with | inl hc => rw [uIcc_of_ge (add_le_of_nonpos_right hc.le), ← h.neg.image_Icc (neg_pos.2 hc) (a + c), add_neg_cancel_right] | inr hc => rw [uIcc_of_le (le_add_of_nonneg_right hc.le), h.image_Icc hc] theorem periodic_with_period_zero [AddZeroClass α] (f : α → β) : Periodic f 0 := fun x => by rw [add_zero] #align function.periodic_with_period_zero Function.periodic_with_period_zero theorem Periodic.map_vadd_zmultiples [AddCommGroup α] (hf : Periodic f c) (a : AddSubgroup.zmultiples c) (x : α) : f (a +ᵥ x) = f x := by rcases a with ⟨_, m, rfl⟩ simp [AddSubgroup.vadd_def, add_comm _ x, hf.zsmul m x] #align function.periodic.map_vadd_zmultiples Function.Periodic.map_vadd_zmultiples theorem Periodic.map_vadd_multiples [AddCommMonoid α] (hf : Periodic f c) (a : AddSubmonoid.multiples c) (x : α) : f (a +ᵥ x) = f x := by rcases a with ⟨_, m, rfl⟩ simp [AddSubmonoid.vadd_def, add_comm _ x, hf.nsmul m x] #align function.periodic.map_vadd_multiples Function.Periodic.map_vadd_multiples def Periodic.lift [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (x : α ⧸ AddSubgroup.zmultiples c) : β := Quotient.liftOn' x f fun a b h' => by rw [QuotientAddGroup.leftRel_apply] at h' obtain ⟨k, hk⟩ := h' exact (h.zsmul k _).symm.trans (congr_arg f (add_eq_of_eq_neg_add hk)) #align function.periodic.lift Function.Periodic.lift @[simp] theorem Periodic.lift_coe [AddGroup α] (h : Periodic f c) (a : α) : h.lift (a : α ⧸ AddSubgroup.zmultiples c) = f a := rfl #align function.periodic.lift_coe Function.Periodic.lift_coe lemma Periodic.not_injective {R X : Type*} [AddZeroClass R] {f : R → X} {c : R} (hf : Periodic f c) (hc : c ≠ 0) : ¬ Injective f := fun h ↦ hc <| h hf.eq @[simp] def Antiperiodic [Add α] [Neg β] (f : α → β) (c : α) : Prop := ∀ x : α, f (x + c) = -f x #align function.antiperiodic Function.Antiperiodic protected theorem Antiperiodic.funext [Add α] [Neg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) : (fun x => f (x + c)) = -f := funext h #align function.antiperiodic.funext Function.Antiperiodic.funext protected theorem Antiperiodic.funext' [Add α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) : (fun x => -f (x + c)) = f := neg_eq_iff_eq_neg.mpr h.funext #align function.antiperiodic.funext' Function.Antiperiodic.funext' protected theorem Antiperiodic.periodic [AddMonoid α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) : Periodic f (2 • c) := by simp [two_nsmul, ← add_assoc, h _] protected theorem Antiperiodic.periodic_two_mul [Semiring α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) : Periodic f (2 * c) := nsmul_eq_mul 2 c ▸ h.periodic #align function.antiperiodic.periodic Function.Antiperiodic.periodic_two_mul protected theorem Antiperiodic.eq [AddZeroClass α] [Neg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) : f c = -f 0 := by simpa only [zero_add] using h 0 #align function.antiperiodic.eq Function.Antiperiodic.eq theorem Antiperiodic.even_nsmul_periodic [AddMonoid α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f ((2 * n) • c) := mul_nsmul c 2 n ▸ h.periodic.nsmul n theorem Antiperiodic.nat_even_mul_periodic [Semiring α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Periodic f (n * (2 * c)) := h.periodic_two_mul.nat_mul n #align function.antiperiodic.nat_even_mul_periodic Function.Antiperiodic.nat_even_mul_periodic theorem Antiperiodic.odd_nsmul_antiperiodic [AddMonoid α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Antiperiodic f ((2 * n + 1) • c) := fun x => by rw [add_nsmul, one_nsmul, ← add_assoc, h, h.even_nsmul_periodic] theorem Antiperiodic.nat_odd_mul_antiperiodic [Semiring α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℕ) : Antiperiodic f (n * (2 * c) + c) := fun x => by rw [← add_assoc, h, h.nat_even_mul_periodic] #align function.antiperiodic.nat_odd_mul_antiperiodic Function.Antiperiodic.nat_odd_mul_antiperiodic theorem Antiperiodic.even_zsmul_periodic [AddGroup α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Periodic f ((2 * n) • c) := by rw [mul_comm, mul_zsmul, two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] exact h.periodic.zsmul n theorem Antiperiodic.int_even_mul_periodic [Ring α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Periodic f (n * (2 * c)) := h.periodic_two_mul.int_mul n #align function.antiperiodic.int_even_mul_periodic Function.Antiperiodic.int_even_mul_periodic theorem Antiperiodic.odd_zsmul_antiperiodic [AddGroup α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Antiperiodic f ((2 * n + 1) • c) := by intro x rw [add_zsmul, one_zsmul, ← add_assoc, h, h.even_zsmul_periodic] theorem Antiperiodic.int_odd_mul_antiperiodic [Ring α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (n : ℤ) : Antiperiodic f (n * (2 * c) + c) := fun x => by rw [← add_assoc, h, h.int_even_mul_periodic] #align function.antiperiodic.int_odd_mul_antiperiodic Function.Antiperiodic.int_odd_mul_antiperiodic
Mathlib/Algebra/Periodic.lean
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theorem Antiperiodic.sub_eq [AddGroup α] [InvolutiveNeg β] (h : Antiperiodic f c) (x : α) : f (x - c) = -f x := by
simp only [← neg_eq_iff_eq_neg, ← h (x - c), sub_add_cancel]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.Submodule #align_import algebra.lie.ideal_operations from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"8983bec7cdf6cb2dd1f21315c8a34ab00d7b2f6d" universe u v w w₁ w₂ namespace LieSubmodule variable {R : Type u} {L : Type v} {M : Type w} {M₂ : Type w₁} variable [CommRing R] [LieRing L] [LieAlgebra R L] variable [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] [LieRingModule L M] [LieModule R L M] variable [AddCommGroup M₂] [Module R M₂] [LieRingModule L M₂] [LieModule R L M₂] variable (N N' : LieSubmodule R L M) (I J : LieIdeal R L) (N₂ : LieSubmodule R L M₂) section LieIdealOperations instance hasBracket : Bracket (LieIdeal R L) (LieSubmodule R L M) := ⟨fun I N => lieSpan R L { m | ∃ (x : I) (n : N), ⁅(x : L), (n : M)⁆ = m }⟩ #align lie_submodule.has_bracket LieSubmodule.hasBracket theorem lieIdeal_oper_eq_span : ⁅I, N⁆ = lieSpan R L { m | ∃ (x : I) (n : N), ⁅(x : L), (n : M)⁆ = m } := rfl #align lie_submodule.lie_ideal_oper_eq_span LieSubmodule.lieIdeal_oper_eq_span theorem lieIdeal_oper_eq_linear_span : (↑⁅I, N⁆ : Submodule R M) = Submodule.span R { m | ∃ (x : I) (n : N), ⁅(x : L), (n : M)⁆ = m } := by apply le_antisymm · let s := { m : M | ∃ (x : ↥I) (n : ↥N), ⁅(x : L), (n : M)⁆ = m } have aux : ∀ (y : L), ∀ m' ∈ Submodule.span R s, ⁅y, m'⁆ ∈ Submodule.span R s := by intro y m' hm' refine Submodule.span_induction (R := R) (M := M) (s := s) (p := fun m' ↦ ⁅y, m'⁆ ∈ Submodule.span R s) hm' ?_ ?_ ?_ ?_ · rintro m'' ⟨x, n, hm''⟩; rw [← hm'', leibniz_lie] refine Submodule.add_mem _ ?_ ?_ <;> apply Submodule.subset_span · use ⟨⁅y, ↑x⁆, I.lie_mem x.property⟩, n · use x, ⟨⁅y, ↑n⁆, N.lie_mem n.property⟩ · simp only [lie_zero, Submodule.zero_mem] · intro m₁ m₂ hm₁ hm₂; rw [lie_add]; exact Submodule.add_mem _ hm₁ hm₂ · intro t m'' hm''; rw [lie_smul]; exact Submodule.smul_mem _ t hm'' change _ ≤ ({ Submodule.span R s with lie_mem := fun hm' => aux _ _ hm' } : LieSubmodule R L M) rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span, lieSpan_le] exact Submodule.subset_span · rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span]; apply submodule_span_le_lieSpan #align lie_submodule.lie_ideal_oper_eq_linear_span LieSubmodule.lieIdeal_oper_eq_linear_span theorem lieIdeal_oper_eq_linear_span' : (↑⁅I, N⁆ : Submodule R M) = Submodule.span R { m | ∃ x ∈ I, ∃ n ∈ N, ⁅x, n⁆ = m } := by rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_linear_span] congr ext m constructor · rintro ⟨⟨x, hx⟩, ⟨n, hn⟩, rfl⟩ exact ⟨x, hx, n, hn, rfl⟩ · rintro ⟨x, hx, n, hn, rfl⟩ exact ⟨⟨x, hx⟩, ⟨n, hn⟩, rfl⟩ #align lie_submodule.lie_ideal_oper_eq_linear_span' LieSubmodule.lieIdeal_oper_eq_linear_span' theorem lie_le_iff : ⁅I, N⁆ ≤ N' ↔ ∀ x ∈ I, ∀ m ∈ N, ⁅x, m⁆ ∈ N' := by rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span, LieSubmodule.lieSpan_le] refine ⟨fun h x hx m hm => h ⟨⟨x, hx⟩, ⟨m, hm⟩, rfl⟩, ?_⟩ rintro h _ ⟨⟨x, hx⟩, ⟨m, hm⟩, rfl⟩ exact h x hx m hm #align lie_submodule.lie_le_iff LieSubmodule.lie_le_iff theorem lie_coe_mem_lie (x : I) (m : N) : ⁅(x : L), (m : M)⁆ ∈ ⁅I, N⁆ := by rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span]; apply subset_lieSpan; use x, m #align lie_submodule.lie_coe_mem_lie LieSubmodule.lie_coe_mem_lie theorem lie_mem_lie {x : L} {m : M} (hx : x ∈ I) (hm : m ∈ N) : ⁅x, m⁆ ∈ ⁅I, N⁆ := N.lie_coe_mem_lie I ⟨x, hx⟩ ⟨m, hm⟩ #align lie_submodule.lie_mem_lie LieSubmodule.lie_mem_lie theorem lie_comm : ⁅I, J⁆ = ⁅J, I⁆ := by suffices ∀ I J : LieIdeal R L, ⁅I, J⁆ ≤ ⁅J, I⁆ by exact le_antisymm (this I J) (this J I) clear! I J; intro I J rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span, lieSpan_le]; rintro x ⟨y, z, h⟩; rw [← h] rw [← lie_skew, ← lie_neg, ← LieSubmodule.coe_neg] apply lie_coe_mem_lie #align lie_submodule.lie_comm LieSubmodule.lie_comm theorem lie_le_right : ⁅I, N⁆ ≤ N := by rw [lieIdeal_oper_eq_span, lieSpan_le]; rintro m ⟨x, n, hn⟩; rw [← hn] exact N.lie_mem n.property #align lie_submodule.lie_le_right LieSubmodule.lie_le_right
Mathlib/Algebra/Lie/IdealOperations.lean
124
124
theorem lie_le_left : ⁅I, J⁆ ≤ I := by
rw [lie_comm]; exact lie_le_right I J
import Mathlib.Data.Fin.VecNotation import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Basic #align_import model_theory.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"369525b73f229ccd76a6ec0e0e0bf2be57599768" set_option autoImplicit true universe u v u' v' w w' open Cardinal open Cardinal namespace FirstOrder -- intended to be used with explicit universe parameters @[nolint checkUnivs] structure Language where Functions : ℕ → Type u Relations : ℕ → Type v #align first_order.language FirstOrder.Language --@[simp] def Sequence₂ (a₀ a₁ a₂ : Type u) : ℕ → Type u | 0 => a₀ | 1 => a₁ | 2 => a₂ | _ => PEmpty #align first_order.sequence₂ FirstOrder.Sequence₂ namespace Language @[simps] protected def mk₂ (c f₁ f₂ : Type u) (r₁ r₂ : Type v) : Language := ⟨Sequence₂ c f₁ f₂, Sequence₂ PEmpty r₁ r₂⟩ #align first_order.language.mk₂ FirstOrder.Language.mk₂ protected def empty : Language := ⟨fun _ => Empty, fun _ => Empty⟩ #align first_order.language.empty FirstOrder.Language.empty instance : Inhabited Language := ⟨Language.empty⟩ protected def sum (L : Language.{u, v}) (L' : Language.{u', v'}) : Language := ⟨fun n => Sum (L.Functions n) (L'.Functions n), fun n => Sum (L.Relations n) (L'.Relations n)⟩ #align first_order.language.sum FirstOrder.Language.sum variable (L : Language.{u, v}) -- Porting note(#5171): this linter isn't ported yet. -- @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] protected def Constants := L.Functions 0 #align first_order.language.constants FirstOrder.Language.Constants @[simp] theorem constants_mk₂ (c f₁ f₂ : Type u) (r₁ r₂ : Type v) : (Language.mk₂ c f₁ f₂ r₁ r₂).Constants = c := rfl #align first_order.language.constants_mk₂ FirstOrder.Language.constants_mk₂ -- Porting note(#5171): this linter isn't ported yet. -- @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] def Symbols := Sum (Σl, L.Functions l) (Σl, L.Relations l) #align first_order.language.symbols FirstOrder.Language.Symbols def card : Cardinal := #L.Symbols #align first_order.language.card FirstOrder.Language.card class IsRelational : Prop where empty_functions : ∀ n, IsEmpty (L.Functions n) #align first_order.language.is_relational FirstOrder.Language.IsRelational class IsAlgebraic : Prop where empty_relations : ∀ n, IsEmpty (L.Relations n) #align first_order.language.is_algebraic FirstOrder.Language.IsAlgebraic variable {L} {L' : Language.{u', v'}} theorem card_eq_card_functions_add_card_relations : L.card = (Cardinal.sum fun l => Cardinal.lift.{v} #(L.Functions l)) + Cardinal.sum fun l => Cardinal.lift.{u} #(L.Relations l) := by simp [card, Symbols] #align first_order.language.card_eq_card_functions_add_card_relations FirstOrder.Language.card_eq_card_functions_add_card_relations instance [L.IsRelational] {n : ℕ} : IsEmpty (L.Functions n) := IsRelational.empty_functions n instance [L.IsAlgebraic] {n : ℕ} : IsEmpty (L.Relations n) := IsAlgebraic.empty_relations n instance isRelational_of_empty_functions {symb : ℕ → Type*} : IsRelational ⟨fun _ => Empty, symb⟩ := ⟨fun _ => instIsEmptyEmpty⟩ #align first_order.language.is_relational_of_empty_functions FirstOrder.Language.isRelational_of_empty_functions instance isAlgebraic_of_empty_relations {symb : ℕ → Type*} : IsAlgebraic ⟨symb, fun _ => Empty⟩ := ⟨fun _ => instIsEmptyEmpty⟩ #align first_order.language.is_algebraic_of_empty_relations FirstOrder.Language.isAlgebraic_of_empty_relations instance isRelational_empty : IsRelational Language.empty := Language.isRelational_of_empty_functions #align first_order.language.is_relational_empty FirstOrder.Language.isRelational_empty instance isAlgebraic_empty : IsAlgebraic Language.empty := Language.isAlgebraic_of_empty_relations #align first_order.language.is_algebraic_empty FirstOrder.Language.isAlgebraic_empty instance isRelational_sum [L.IsRelational] [L'.IsRelational] : IsRelational (L.sum L') := ⟨fun _ => instIsEmptySum⟩ #align first_order.language.is_relational_sum FirstOrder.Language.isRelational_sum instance isAlgebraic_sum [L.IsAlgebraic] [L'.IsAlgebraic] : IsAlgebraic (L.sum L') := ⟨fun _ => instIsEmptySum⟩ #align first_order.language.is_algebraic_sum FirstOrder.Language.isAlgebraic_sum instance isRelational_mk₂ {c f₁ f₂ : Type u} {r₁ r₂ : Type v} [h0 : IsEmpty c] [h1 : IsEmpty f₁] [h2 : IsEmpty f₂] : IsRelational (Language.mk₂ c f₁ f₂ r₁ r₂) := ⟨fun n => Nat.casesOn n h0 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h1 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h2 fun _ => inferInstanceAs (IsEmpty PEmpty)⟩ #align first_order.language.is_relational_mk₂ FirstOrder.Language.isRelational_mk₂ instance isAlgebraic_mk₂ {c f₁ f₂ : Type u} {r₁ r₂ : Type v} [h1 : IsEmpty r₁] [h2 : IsEmpty r₂] : IsAlgebraic (Language.mk₂ c f₁ f₂ r₁ r₂) := ⟨fun n => Nat.casesOn n (inferInstanceAs (IsEmpty PEmpty)) fun n => Nat.casesOn n h1 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h2 fun _ => inferInstanceAs (IsEmpty PEmpty)⟩ #align first_order.language.is_algebraic_mk₂ FirstOrder.Language.isAlgebraic_mk₂ instance subsingleton_mk₂_functions {c f₁ f₂ : Type u} {r₁ r₂ : Type v} [h0 : Subsingleton c] [h1 : Subsingleton f₁] [h2 : Subsingleton f₂] {n : ℕ} : Subsingleton ((Language.mk₂ c f₁ f₂ r₁ r₂).Functions n) := Nat.casesOn n h0 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h1 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h2 fun _ => ⟨fun x => PEmpty.elim x⟩ #align first_order.language.subsingleton_mk₂_functions FirstOrder.Language.subsingleton_mk₂_functions instance subsingleton_mk₂_relations {c f₁ f₂ : Type u} {r₁ r₂ : Type v} [h1 : Subsingleton r₁] [h2 : Subsingleton r₂] {n : ℕ} : Subsingleton ((Language.mk₂ c f₁ f₂ r₁ r₂).Relations n) := Nat.casesOn n ⟨fun x => PEmpty.elim x⟩ fun n => Nat.casesOn n h1 fun n => Nat.casesOn n h2 fun _ => ⟨fun x => PEmpty.elim x⟩ #align first_order.language.subsingleton_mk₂_relations FirstOrder.Language.subsingleton_mk₂_relations @[simp] theorem empty_card : Language.empty.card = 0 := by simp [card_eq_card_functions_add_card_relations] #align first_order.language.empty_card FirstOrder.Language.empty_card instance isEmpty_empty : IsEmpty Language.empty.Symbols := by simp only [Language.Symbols, isEmpty_sum, isEmpty_sigma] exact ⟨fun _ => inferInstance, fun _ => inferInstance⟩ #align first_order.language.is_empty_empty FirstOrder.Language.isEmpty_empty instance Countable.countable_functions [h : Countable L.Symbols] : Countable (Σl, L.Functions l) := @Function.Injective.countable _ _ h _ Sum.inl_injective #align first_order.language.countable.countable_functions FirstOrder.Language.Countable.countable_functions @[simp]
Mathlib/ModelTheory/Basic.lean
253
256
theorem card_functions_sum (i : ℕ) : #((L.sum L').Functions i) = (Cardinal.lift.{u'} #(L.Functions i) + Cardinal.lift.{u} #(L'.Functions i) : Cardinal) := by
simp [Language.sum]
import Mathlib.Data.Finset.Lattice import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.Vector import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Sym #align_import data.finset.sym from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"02ba8949f486ebecf93fe7460f1ed0564b5e442c" namespace Finset variable {α : Type*} @[simps] protected def sym2 (s : Finset α) : Finset (Sym2 α) := ⟨s.1.sym2, s.2.sym2⟩ #align finset.sym2 Finset.sym2 section variable {s t : Finset α} {a b : α} theorem mk_mem_sym2_iff : s(a, b) ∈ s.sym2 ↔ a ∈ s ∧ b ∈ s := by rw [mem_mk, sym2_val, Multiset.mk_mem_sym2_iff, mem_mk, mem_mk] #align finset.mk_mem_sym2_iff Finset.mk_mem_sym2_iff @[simp] theorem mem_sym2_iff {m : Sym2 α} : m ∈ s.sym2 ↔ ∀ a ∈ m, a ∈ s := by rw [mem_mk, sym2_val, Multiset.mem_sym2_iff] simp only [mem_val] #align finset.mem_sym2_iff Finset.mem_sym2_iff instance _root_.Sym2.instFintype [Fintype α] : Fintype (Sym2 α) where elems := Finset.univ.sym2 complete := fun x ↦ by rw [mem_sym2_iff]; exact (fun a _ ↦ mem_univ a) -- Note(kmill): Using a default argument to make this simp lemma more general. @[simp] theorem sym2_univ [Fintype α] (inst : Fintype (Sym2 α) := Sym2.instFintype) : (univ : Finset α).sym2 = univ := by ext simp only [mem_sym2_iff, mem_univ, implies_true] #align finset.sym2_univ Finset.sym2_univ @[simp, mono] theorem sym2_mono (h : s ⊆ t) : s.sym2 ⊆ t.sym2 := by rw [← val_le_iff, sym2_val, sym2_val] apply Multiset.sym2_mono rwa [val_le_iff] #align finset.sym2_mono Finset.sym2_mono theorem monotone_sym2 : Monotone (Finset.sym2 : Finset α → _) := fun _ _ => sym2_mono theorem injective_sym2 : Function.Injective (Finset.sym2 : Finset α → _) := by intro s t h ext x simpa using congr(s(x, x) ∈ $h) theorem strictMono_sym2 : StrictMono (Finset.sym2 : Finset α → _) := monotone_sym2.strictMono_of_injective injective_sym2 theorem sym2_toFinset [DecidableEq α] (m : Multiset α) : m.toFinset.sym2 = m.sym2.toFinset := by ext z refine z.ind fun x y ↦ ?_ simp only [mk_mem_sym2_iff, Multiset.mem_toFinset, Multiset.mk_mem_sym2_iff] @[simp] theorem sym2_empty : (∅ : Finset α).sym2 = ∅ := rfl #align finset.sym2_empty Finset.sym2_empty @[simp] theorem sym2_eq_empty : s.sym2 = ∅ ↔ s = ∅ := by rw [← val_eq_zero, sym2_val, Multiset.sym2_eq_zero_iff, val_eq_zero] #align finset.sym2_eq_empty Finset.sym2_eq_empty @[simp, aesop safe apply (rule_sets := [finsetNonempty])] theorem sym2_nonempty : s.sym2.Nonempty ↔ s.Nonempty := by rw [← not_iff_not] simp_rw [not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty, sym2_eq_empty] #align finset.sym2_nonempty Finset.sym2_nonempty protected alias ⟨_, Nonempty.sym2⟩ := sym2_nonempty #align finset.nonempty.sym2 Finset.Nonempty.sym2 @[simp] theorem sym2_singleton (a : α) : ({a} : Finset α).sym2 = {Sym2.diag a} := rfl #align finset.sym2_singleton Finset.sym2_singleton theorem card_sym2 (s : Finset α) : s.sym2.card = Nat.choose (s.card + 1) 2 := by rw [card_def, sym2_val, Multiset.card_sym2, ← card_def] #align finset.card_sym2 Finset.card_sym2 end variable [DecidableEq α] {s t : Finset α} {a b : α} theorem sym2_eq_image : s.sym2 = (s ×ˢ s).image Sym2.mk := by ext z refine z.ind fun x y ↦ ?_ rw [mk_mem_sym2_iff, mem_image] constructor · intro h use (x, y) simp only [mem_product, h, and_self, true_and] · rintro ⟨⟨a, b⟩, h⟩ simp only [mem_product, Sym2.eq_iff] at h obtain ⟨h, (⟨rfl, rfl⟩ | ⟨rfl, rfl⟩)⟩ := h <;> simp [h] theorem isDiag_mk_of_mem_diag {a : α × α} (h : a ∈ s.diag) : (Sym2.mk a).IsDiag := (Sym2.isDiag_iff_proj_eq _).2 (mem_diag.1 h).2 #align finset.is_diag_mk_of_mem_diag Finset.isDiag_mk_of_mem_diag theorem not_isDiag_mk_of_mem_offDiag {a : α × α} (h : a ∈ s.offDiag) : ¬ (Sym2.mk a).IsDiag := by rw [Sym2.isDiag_iff_proj_eq] exact (mem_offDiag.1 h).2.2 #align finset.not_is_diag_mk_of_mem_off_diag Finset.not_isDiag_mk_of_mem_offDiag section Sym variable {n : ℕ} -- Porting note: instance needed instance : DecidableEq (Sym α n) := inferInstanceAs <| DecidableEq <| Subtype _ protected def sym (s : Finset α) : ∀ n, Finset (Sym α n) | 0 => {∅} | n + 1 => s.sup fun a ↦ Finset.image (Sym.cons a) (s.sym n) #align finset.sym Finset.sym @[simp] theorem sym_zero : s.sym 0 = {∅} := rfl #align finset.sym_zero Finset.sym_zero @[simp] theorem sym_succ : s.sym (n + 1) = s.sup fun a ↦ (s.sym n).image <| Sym.cons a := rfl #align finset.sym_succ Finset.sym_succ @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Finset/Sym.lean
190
206
theorem mem_sym_iff {m : Sym α n} : m ∈ s.sym n ↔ ∀ a ∈ m, a ∈ s := by
induction' n with n ih · refine mem_singleton.trans ⟨?_, fun _ ↦ Sym.eq_nil_of_card_zero _⟩ rintro rfl exact fun a ha ↦ (Finset.not_mem_empty _ ha).elim refine mem_sup.trans ⟨?_, fun h ↦ ?_⟩ · rintro ⟨a, ha, he⟩ b hb rw [mem_image] at he obtain ⟨m, he, rfl⟩ := he rw [Sym.mem_cons] at hb obtain rfl | hb := hb · exact ha · exact ih.1 he _ hb · obtain ⟨a, m, rfl⟩ := m.exists_eq_cons_of_succ exact ⟨a, h _ <| Sym.mem_cons_self _ _, mem_image_of_mem _ <| ih.2 fun b hb ↦ h _ <| Sym.mem_cons_of_mem hb⟩
import Mathlib.Analysis.PSeries import Mathlib.Data.Real.Pi.Wallis import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import analysis.special_functions.stirling from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2c1d8ca2812b64f88992a5294ea3dba144755cd1" open scoped Topology Real Nat Asymptotics open Finset Filter Nat Real namespace Stirling noncomputable def stirlingSeq (n : ℕ) : ℝ := n ! / (√(2 * n : ℝ) * (n / exp 1) ^ n) #align stirling.stirling_seq Stirling.stirlingSeq @[simp] theorem stirlingSeq_zero : stirlingSeq 0 = 0 := by rw [stirlingSeq, cast_zero, mul_zero, Real.sqrt_zero, zero_mul, div_zero] #align stirling.stirling_seq_zero Stirling.stirlingSeq_zero @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Stirling.lean
61
62
theorem stirlingSeq_one : stirlingSeq 1 = exp 1 / √2 := by
rw [stirlingSeq, pow_one, factorial_one, cast_one, mul_one, mul_one_div, one_div_div]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Group.AddCircle import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Quotient import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.Sign #align_import analysis.special_functions.trigonometric.angle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"213b0cff7bc5ab6696ee07cceec80829ce42efec" open Real noncomputable section namespace Real -- Porting note: can't derive `NormedAddCommGroup, Inhabited` def Angle : Type := AddCircle (2 * π) #align real.angle Real.Angle namespace Angle -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : NormedAddCommGroup Angle := inferInstanceAs (NormedAddCommGroup (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : Inhabited Angle := inferInstanceAs (Inhabited (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving -- also, without this, a plain `QuotientAddGroup.mk` -- causes coerced terms to be of type `ℝ ⧸ AddSubgroup.zmultiples (2 * π)` @[coe] protected def coe (r : ℝ) : Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk r instance : Coe ℝ Angle := ⟨Angle.coe⟩ instance : CircularOrder Real.Angle := QuotientAddGroup.circularOrder (hp' := ⟨by norm_num [pi_pos]⟩) @[continuity] theorem continuous_coe : Continuous ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := continuous_quotient_mk' #align real.angle.continuous_coe Real.Angle.continuous_coe def coeHom : ℝ →+ Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk' _ #align real.angle.coe_hom Real.Angle.coeHom @[simp] theorem coe_coeHom : (coeHom : ℝ → Angle) = ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_coe_hom Real.Angle.coe_coeHom @[elab_as_elim] protected theorem induction_on {p : Angle → Prop} (θ : Angle) (h : ∀ x : ℝ, p x) : p θ := Quotient.inductionOn' θ h #align real.angle.induction_on Real.Angle.induction_on @[simp] theorem coe_zero : ↑(0 : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zero Real.Angle.coe_zero @[simp] theorem coe_add (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x + y : ℝ) = (↑x + ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_add Real.Angle.coe_add @[simp] theorem coe_neg (x : ℝ) : ↑(-x : ℝ) = -(↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_neg Real.Angle.coe_neg @[simp] theorem coe_sub (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x - y : ℝ) = (↑x - ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_sub Real.Angle.coe_sub theorem coe_nsmul (n : ℕ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(n • x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_nsmul Real.Angle.coe_nsmul theorem coe_zsmul (z : ℤ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(z • x : ℝ) = z • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zsmul Real.Angle.coe_zsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem natCast_mul_eq_nsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℕ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [nsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_nsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul Real.Angle.natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem intCast_mul_eq_zsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℤ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [zsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_zsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul Real.Angle.intCast_mul_eq_zsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul := natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul := intCast_mul_eq_zsmul theorem angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub {ψ θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle) = ψ ↔ ∃ k : ℤ, θ - ψ = 2 * π * k := by simp only [QuotientAddGroup.eq, AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] -- Porting note: added `rw`, `simp [Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq]` doesn't fire otherwise rw [Angle.coe, Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq] simp only [AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] #align real.angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub Real.Angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub @[simp] theorem coe_two_pi : ↑(2 * π : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub.2 ⟨1, by rw [sub_zero, Int.cast_one, mul_one]⟩ #align real.angle.coe_two_pi Real.Angle.coe_two_pi @[simp] theorem neg_coe_pi : -(π : Angle) = π := by rw [← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] use -1 simp [two_mul, sub_eq_add_neg] #align real.angle.neg_coe_pi Real.Angle.neg_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_zsmul, two_zsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_nsmul_coe_div_two, coe_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two theorem sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi (θ : Angle) : θ - π = θ + π := by rw [sub_eq_add_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℕ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← natCast_mul_eq_nsmul] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℤ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← intCast_mul_eq_zsmul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem coe_pi_add_coe_pi : (π : Real.Angle) + π = 0 := by rw [← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_coe_pi] #align real.angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi theorem zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {z : ℤ} (hz : z ≠ 0) : z • ψ = z • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin z.natAbs, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / z : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_zsmul_eq_zsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.zsmul_eq_iff theorem nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {n : ℕ} (hz : n ≠ 0) : n • ψ = n • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin n, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / n : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_nsmul_eq_nsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • ψ = (2 : ℤ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by -- Porting note: no `Int.natAbs_bit0` anymore have : Int.natAbs 2 = 2 := rfl rw [zsmul_eq_iff two_ne_zero, this, Fin.exists_fin_two, Fin.val_zero, Fin.val_one, zero_smul, add_zero, one_smul, Int.cast_two, mul_div_cancel_left₀ (_ : ℝ) two_ne_zero] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • ψ = (2 : ℕ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by simp_rw [← natCast_zsmul, Nat.cast_ofNat, two_zsmul_eq_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by convert two_nsmul_eq_iff <;> simp #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem eq_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ = -θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [← add_eq_zero_iff_eq_neg, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.eq_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.eq_neg_self_iff theorem ne_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ ≠ -θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← eq_neg_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.ne_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.ne_neg_self_iff theorem neg_eq_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ = θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [eq_comm, eq_neg_self_iff] #align real.angle.neg_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_eq_self_iff theorem neg_ne_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ ≠ θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← neg_eq_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.neg_ne_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_ne_self_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by have h : (π : Angle) = ((2 : ℕ) • (π / 2 : ℝ) :) := by rw [two_nsmul, add_halves] nth_rw 1 [h] rw [coe_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_iff] -- Porting note: `congr` didn't simplify the goal of iff of `Or`s convert Iff.rfl rw [add_comm, ← coe_add, ← sub_eq_zero, ← coe_sub, neg_div, ← neg_sub, sub_neg_eq_add, add_assoc, add_halves, ← two_mul, coe_neg, coe_two_pi, neg_zero] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) = -ψ := by constructor · intro Hcos rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, mul_eq_zero, mul_eq_zero, neg_eq_zero, eq_false (two_ne_zero' ℝ), false_or_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff] at Hcos rcases Hcos with (⟨n, hn⟩ | ⟨n, hn⟩) · right rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), ← sub_eq_iff_eq_add] at hn rw [← hn, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, sub_add_cancel, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero] · left rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), eq_sub_iff_add_eq] at hn rw [← hn, coe_add, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero, zero_add] · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero] rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, ← sub_neg_eq_add, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) + ψ = π := by constructor · intro Hsin rw [← cos_pi_div_two_sub, ← cos_pi_div_two_sub] at Hsin cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hsin with h h · left rw [coe_sub, coe_sub] at h exact sub_right_inj.1 h right rw [coe_sub, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, add_sub, sub_add_eq_add_sub, ← coe_add, add_halves, sub_sub, sub_eq_zero] at h exact h.symm · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← coe_sub, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] have H' : θ + ψ = 2 * k * π + π := by rwa [← sub_add, sub_add_eq_add_sub, sub_eq_iff_eq_add, mul_assoc, mul_comm π _, ← mul_assoc] at H rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H', add_div, mul_assoc 2 _ π, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), cos_add_pi_div_two, sin_int_mul_pi, neg_zero, mul_zero] #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem cos_sin_inj {θ ψ : ℝ} (Hcos : cos θ = cos ψ) (Hsin : sin θ = sin ψ) : (θ : Angle) = ψ := by cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hcos with hc hc; · exact hc cases' sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi.mp Hsin with hs hs; · exact hs rw [eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, hs] at hc obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ : ∃ n, n • _ = _ := QuotientAddGroup.leftRel_apply.mp (Quotient.exact' hc) rw [← neg_one_mul, add_zero, ← sub_eq_zero, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, ← sub_mul, mul_eq_zero, eq_false (ne_of_gt pi_pos), or_false_iff, sub_neg_eq_add, ← Int.cast_zero, ← Int.cast_one, ← Int.cast_ofNat, ← Int.cast_mul, ← Int.cast_add, Int.cast_inj] at hn have : (n * 2 + 1) % (2 : ℤ) = 0 % (2 : ℤ) := congr_arg (· % (2 : ℤ)) hn rw [add_comm, Int.add_mul_emod_self] at this exact absurd this one_ne_zero #align real.angle.cos_sin_inj Real.Angle.cos_sin_inj def sin (θ : Angle) : ℝ := sin_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.sin Real.Angle.sin @[simp] theorem sin_coe (x : ℝ) : sin (x : Angle) = Real.sin x := rfl #align real.angle.sin_coe Real.Angle.sin_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_sin : Continuous sin := Real.continuous_sin.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_sin Real.Angle.continuous_sin def cos (θ : Angle) : ℝ := cos_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.cos Real.Angle.cos @[simp] theorem cos_coe (x : ℝ) : cos (x : Angle) = Real.cos x := rfl #align real.angle.cos_coe Real.Angle.cos_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_cos : Continuous cos := Real.continuous_cos.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_cos Real.Angle.continuous_cos theorem cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = Real.cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : Angle} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = Real.sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi @[simp] theorem sin_zero : sin (0 : Angle) = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, sin_coe, Real.sin_zero] #align real.angle.sin_zero Real.Angle.sin_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem sin_coe_pi : sin (π : Angle) = 0 := by rw [sin_coe, Real.sin_pi] #align real.angle.sin_coe_pi Real.Angle.sin_coe_pi theorem sin_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by nth_rw 1 [← sin_zero] rw [sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi] simp #align real.angle.sin_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← sin_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.sin_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_ne_zero_iff @[simp] theorem sin_neg (θ : Angle) : sin (-θ) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_neg _ #align real.angle.sin_neg Real.Angle.sin_neg theorem sin_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic sin (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.sin_antiperiodic Real.Angle.sin_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem sin_add_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi Real.Angle.sin_add_pi @[simp] theorem sin_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi @[simp] theorem cos_zero : cos (0 : Angle) = 1 := by rw [← coe_zero, cos_coe, Real.cos_zero] #align real.angle.cos_zero Real.Angle.cos_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem cos_coe_pi : cos (π : Angle) = -1 := by rw [cos_coe, Real.cos_pi] #align real.angle.cos_coe_pi Real.Angle.cos_coe_pi @[simp] theorem cos_neg (θ : Angle) : cos (-θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_neg _ #align real.angle.cos_neg Real.Angle.cos_neg theorem cos_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic cos (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.cos_antiperiodic Real.Angle.cos_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem cos_add_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi Real.Angle.cos_add_pi @[simp] theorem cos_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi theorem cos_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : cos θ = 0 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← cos_pi_div_two, ← cos_coe, cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg, ← coe_neg, ← neg_div] #align real.angle.cos_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.cos_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : sin (θ₁ + θ₂) = sin θ₁ * cos θ₂ + cos θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add _ _ #align real.angle.sin_add Real.Angle.sin_add theorem cos_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : cos (θ₁ + θ₂) = cos θ₁ * cos θ₂ - sin θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add _ _ #align real.angle.cos_add Real.Angle.cos_add @[simp] theorem cos_sq_add_sin_sq (θ : Real.Angle) : cos θ ^ 2 + sin θ ^ 2 = 1 := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sq_add_sin_sq _ #align real.angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq Real.Angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq theorem sin_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_add_pi_div_two theorem sin_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = -cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two theorem sin_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : sin (↑(π / 2) - θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub theorem cos_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_add_pi_div_two theorem cos_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two theorem cos_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : cos (↑(π / 2) - θ) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [sin_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [cos_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq @[simp] theorem coe_toIcoMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIcoMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIcoDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIcoMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ico_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIcoMod @[simp] theorem coe_toIocMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIocMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIocDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIocMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ioc_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIocMod def toReal (θ : Angle) : ℝ := (toIocMod_periodic two_pi_pos (-π)).lift θ #align real.angle.to_real Real.Angle.toReal theorem toReal_coe (θ : ℝ) : (θ : Angle).toReal = toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ := rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe Real.Angle.toReal_coe theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ -π < θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by rw [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_self two_pi_pos] ring_nf rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, ← Set.mem_Ioc] #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc theorem toReal_injective : Function.Injective toReal := by intro θ ψ h induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on simpa [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_toIocMod, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm _ (2 * π), ← angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, eq_comm] using h #align real.angle.to_real_injective Real.Angle.toReal_injective @[simp] theorem toReal_inj {θ ψ : Angle} : θ.toReal = ψ.toReal ↔ θ = ψ := toReal_injective.eq_iff #align real.angle.to_real_inj Real.Angle.toReal_inj @[simp] theorem coe_toReal (θ : Angle) : (θ.toReal : Angle) = θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact coe_toIocMod _ _ #align real.angle.coe_to_real Real.Angle.coe_toReal theorem neg_pi_lt_toReal (θ : Angle) : -π < θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact left_lt_toIocMod _ _ _ #align real.angle.neg_pi_lt_to_real Real.Angle.neg_pi_lt_toReal theorem toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ≤ π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on convert toIocMod_le_right two_pi_pos _ _ ring #align real.angle.to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.toReal_le_pi theorem abs_toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : |θ.toReal| ≤ π := abs_le.2 ⟨(neg_pi_lt_toReal _).le, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.abs_toReal_le_pi theorem toReal_mem_Ioc (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := ⟨neg_pi_lt_toReal _, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_mem_Ioc @[simp] theorem toIocMod_toReal (θ : Angle) : toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ.toReal = θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [toReal_coe] exact toIocMod_toIocMod _ _ _ _ #align real.angle.to_Ioc_mod_to_real Real.Angle.toIocMod_toReal @[simp] theorem toReal_zero : (0 : Angle).toReal = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos, Real.pi_pos.le⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_zero Real.Angle.toReal_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = 0 ↔ θ = 0 := by nth_rw 1 [← toReal_zero] exact toReal_inj #align real.angle.to_real_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_pi : (π : Angle).toReal = π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_lt_self Real.pi_pos, le_refl _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_pi Real.Angle.toReal_pi @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π ↔ θ = π := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_iff theorem pi_ne_zero : (π : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi, toReal_zero] exact Real.pi_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_pi_div_two : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_neg_pi_div_two : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = -π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_neg_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = -π / 2 ↔ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff theorem pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero Real.pi_ne_zero two_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_neg_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero (neg_ne_zero.2 Real.pi_ne_zero) two_ne_zero #align real.angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => (toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨(Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos).trans_le h.1, h.2⟩).symm ▸ abs_eq_self.2 h.1⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(-θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by refine ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => ?_⟩ by_cases hnegpi : θ = π; · simp [hnegpi, Real.pi_pos.le] rw [← coe_neg, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨neg_lt_neg (lt_of_le_of_ne h.2 hnegpi), (neg_nonpos.2 h.1).trans Real.pi_pos.le⟩, abs_neg, abs_eq_self.2 h.1] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_neg_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : |θ.toReal| = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [abs_eq (div_nonneg Real.pi_pos.le two_pos.le), ← neg_div, toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff theorem nsmul_toReal_eq_mul {n : ℕ} (h : n ≠ 0) {θ : Angle} : (n • θ).toReal = n * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / n) (π / n) := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] have h' : 0 < (n : ℝ) := mod_cast Nat.pos_of_ne_zero h rw [← coe_nsmul, nsmul_eq_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc, div_lt_iff' h', le_div_iff' h'] #align real.angle.nsmul_to_real_eq_mul Real.Angle.nsmul_toReal_eq_mul theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := mod_cast nsmul_toReal_eq_mul two_ne_zero #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} {k : ℤ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * k * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc ((2 * k - 1 : ℝ) * π) ((2 * k + 1) * π) := by rw [← sub_zero (θ : Angle), ← zsmul_zero k, ← coe_two_pi, ← coe_zsmul, ← coe_sub, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, mul_comm (k : ℝ), toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩, fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc π (3 * π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ 1 <;> norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ + 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-3 * π) (-π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ (-1) using 2 <;> set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨(div_lt_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h, by linarith [pi_pos, toReal_le_pi θ]⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] refine ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨by linarith [pi_pos, neg_pi_lt_toReal θ], (le_div_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi @[simp] theorem sin_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.sin θ.toReal = sin θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, sin_coe] #align real.angle.sin_to_real Real.Angle.sin_toReal @[simp] theorem cos_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.cos θ.toReal = cos θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, cos_coe] #align real.angle.cos_to_real Real.Angle.cos_toReal theorem cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 ≤ cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| ≤ π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [abs_le, cos_coe] refine ⟨fun h => ?_, cos_nonneg_of_mem_Icc⟩ by_contra hn rw [not_and_or, not_le, not_le] at hn refine (not_lt.2 h) ?_ rcases hn with (hn | hn) · rw [← Real.cos_neg] refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt (by linarith) ?_ linarith [neg_pi_lt_toReal θ] · refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt hn ?_ linarith [toReal_le_pi θ] #align real.angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_to_real_le_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two theorem cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 < cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| < π / 2 := by rw [lt_iff_le_and_ne, lt_iff_le_and_ne, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two, ← and_congr_right] rintro - rw [Ne, Ne, not_iff_not, @eq_comm ℝ 0, abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, cos_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_to_real_lt_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two theorem cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal {θ : Angle} : cos θ < 0 ↔ π / 2 < |θ.toReal| := by rw [← not_le, ← not_le, not_iff_not, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_to_real Real.Angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ + (2 : ℕ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← two_nsmul_coe_div_two, ← nsmul_sub, two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) <;> simp [cos_pi_div_two_sub] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ + (2 : ℤ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi h #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi def tan (θ : Angle) : ℝ := sin θ / cos θ #align real.angle.tan Real.Angle.tan theorem tan_eq_sin_div_cos (θ : Angle) : tan θ = sin θ / cos θ := rfl #align real.angle.tan_eq_sin_div_cos Real.Angle.tan_eq_sin_div_cos @[simp] theorem tan_coe (x : ℝ) : tan (x : Angle) = Real.tan x := by rw [tan, sin_coe, cos_coe, Real.tan_eq_sin_div_cos] #align real.angle.tan_coe Real.Angle.tan_coe @[simp] theorem tan_zero : tan (0 : Angle) = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, tan_coe, Real.tan_zero] #align real.angle.tan_zero Real.Angle.tan_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can now prove it theorem tan_coe_pi : tan (π : Angle) = 0 := by rw [tan_coe, Real.tan_pi] #align real.angle.tan_coe_pi Real.Angle.tan_coe_pi theorem tan_periodic : Function.Periodic tan (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [← coe_add, tan_coe, tan_coe] exact Real.tan_periodic _ #align real.angle.tan_periodic Real.Angle.tan_periodic @[simp] theorem tan_add_pi (θ : Angle) : tan (θ + π) = tan θ := tan_periodic θ #align real.angle.tan_add_pi Real.Angle.tan_add_pi @[simp] theorem tan_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : tan (θ - π) = tan θ := tan_periodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.tan_sub_pi Real.Angle.tan_sub_pi @[simp] theorem tan_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.tan θ.toReal = tan θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, tan_coe] #align real.angle.tan_to_real Real.Angle.tan_toReal theorem tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : tan θ = tan ψ := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · exact tan_add_pi _ #align real.angle.tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : tan θ = tan ψ := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact tan_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.tan_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq theorem tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ + (2 : ℕ) • ψ = π) : tan ψ = (tan θ)⁻¹ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [← smul_add, ← coe_add, ← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] at h rcases h with ⟨k, h⟩ rw [sub_eq_iff_eq_add, ← mul_inv_cancel_left₀ two_ne_zero π, mul_assoc, ← mul_add, mul_right_inj' (two_ne_zero' ℝ), ← eq_sub_iff_add_eq', mul_inv_cancel_left₀ two_ne_zero π, inv_mul_eq_div, mul_comm] at h rw [tan_coe, tan_coe, ← tan_pi_div_two_sub, h, add_sub_assoc, add_comm] exact Real.tan_periodic.int_mul _ _ #align real.angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi theorem tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ + (2 : ℤ) • ψ = π) : tan ψ = (tan θ)⁻¹ := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact tan_eq_inv_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi h #align real.angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.tan_eq_inv_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi def sign (θ : Angle) : SignType := SignType.sign (sin θ) #align real.angle.sign Real.Angle.sign @[simp] theorem sign_zero : (0 : Angle).sign = 0 := by rw [sign, sin_zero, _root_.sign_zero] #align real.angle.sign_zero Real.Angle.sign_zero @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Trigonometric/Angle.lean
863
863
theorem sign_coe_pi : (π : Angle).sign = 0 := by
rw [sign, sin_coe_pi, _root_.sign_zero]
import Mathlib.Topology.Compactness.SigmaCompact import Mathlib.Topology.Connected.TotallyDisconnected import Mathlib.Topology.Inseparable #align_import topology.separation from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d91e7f7a7f1c7e9f0e18fdb6bde4f652004c735d" open Function Set Filter Topology TopologicalSpace open scoped Classical universe u v variable {X : Type*} {Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] section Separation def SeparatedNhds : Set X → Set X → Prop := fun s t : Set X => ∃ U V : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ IsOpen V ∧ s ⊆ U ∧ t ⊆ V ∧ Disjoint U V #align separated_nhds SeparatedNhds theorem separatedNhds_iff_disjoint {s t : Set X} : SeparatedNhds s t ↔ Disjoint (𝓝ˢ s) (𝓝ˢ t) := by simp only [(hasBasis_nhdsSet s).disjoint_iff (hasBasis_nhdsSet t), SeparatedNhds, exists_prop, ← exists_and_left, and_assoc, and_comm, and_left_comm] #align separated_nhds_iff_disjoint separatedNhds_iff_disjoint alias ⟨SeparatedNhds.disjoint_nhdsSet, _⟩ := separatedNhds_iff_disjoint class T0Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where t0 : ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, Inseparable x y → x = y #align t0_space T0Space theorem t0Space_iff_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ ∀ x y : X, Inseparable x y → x = y := ⟨fun ⟨h⟩ => h, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ #align t0_space_iff_inseparable t0Space_iff_inseparable theorem t0Space_iff_not_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y : X => ¬Inseparable x y := by simp only [t0Space_iff_inseparable, Ne, not_imp_not, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_not_inseparable t0Space_iff_not_inseparable theorem Inseparable.eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : Inseparable x y) : x = y := T0Space.t0 h #align inseparable.eq Inseparable.eq protected theorem Inducing.injective [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Injective f := fun _ _ h => (hf.inseparable_iff.1 <| .of_eq h).eq #align inducing.injective Inducing.injective protected theorem Inducing.embedding [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Embedding f := ⟨hf, hf.injective⟩ #align inducing.embedding Inducing.embedding lemma embedding_iff_inducing [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} : Embedding f ↔ Inducing f := ⟨Embedding.toInducing, Inducing.embedding⟩ #align embedding_iff_inducing embedding_iff_inducing theorem t0Space_iff_nhds_injective (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := t0Space_iff_inseparable X #align t0_space_iff_nhds_injective t0Space_iff_nhds_injective theorem nhds_injective [T0Space X] : Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := (t0Space_iff_nhds_injective X).1 ‹_› #align nhds_injective nhds_injective theorem inseparable_iff_eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ x = y := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align inseparable_iff_eq inseparable_iff_eq @[simp] theorem nhds_eq_nhds_iff [T0Space X] {a b : X} : 𝓝 a = 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align nhds_eq_nhds_iff nhds_eq_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem inseparable_eq_eq [T0Space X] : Inseparable = @Eq X := funext₂ fun _ _ => propext inseparable_iff_eq #align inseparable_eq_eq inseparable_eq_eq theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.inseparable_iff {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := ⟨fun h s hs ↦ inseparable_iff_forall_open.1 h _ (hb.isOpen hs), fun h ↦ hb.nhds_hasBasis.eq_of_same_basis <| by convert hb.nhds_hasBasis using 2 exact and_congr_right (h _)⟩ theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.eq_iff [T0Space X] {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : x = y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := inseparable_iff_eq.symm.trans hb.inseparable_iff theorem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y => ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := by simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, xor_iff_not_iff, not_forall, exists_prop, inseparable_iff_forall_open, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_exists_is_open_xor_mem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem theorem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := (t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem X).1 ‹_› h #align exists_is_open_xor_mem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem def specializationOrder (X) [TopologicalSpace X] [T0Space X] : PartialOrder X := { specializationPreorder X, PartialOrder.lift (OrderDual.toDual ∘ 𝓝) nhds_injective with } #align specialization_order specializationOrder instance SeparationQuotient.instT0Space : T0Space (SeparationQuotient X) := ⟨fun x y => Quotient.inductionOn₂' x y fun _ _ h => SeparationQuotient.mk_eq_mk.2 <| SeparationQuotient.inducing_mk.inseparable_iff.1 h⟩ theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · refine this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s \ U = s := hmin (s \ U) diff_subset ⟨y, hy, hyU⟩ (hs.sdiff hUo) exact (this.symm.subset hx).2 hxU #align minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton theorem IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton [T0Space X] [CompactSpace X] {S : Set X} (hS : IsClosed S) (hne : S.Nonempty) : ∃ x : X, x ∈ S ∧ IsClosed ({x} : Set X) := by obtain ⟨V, Vsub, Vne, Vcls, hV⟩ := hS.exists_minimal_nonempty_closed_subset hne rcases minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton Vcls Vne hV with ⟨x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨x, Vsub (mem_singleton x), Vcls⟩ #align is_closed.exists_closed_singleton IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · exact this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s ∩ U = s := hmin (s ∩ U) inter_subset_left ⟨x, hx, hxU⟩ (hs.inter hUo) exact hyU (this.symm.subset hy).2 #align minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton theorem exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hfin : s.Finite) (hne : s.Nonempty) (ho : IsOpen s) : ∃ x ∈ s, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := by lift s to Finset X using hfin induction' s using Finset.strongInductionOn with s ihs rcases em (∃ t, t ⊂ s ∧ t.Nonempty ∧ IsOpen (t : Set X)) with (⟨t, hts, htne, hto⟩ | ht) · rcases ihs t hts htne hto with ⟨x, hxt, hxo⟩ exact ⟨x, hts.1 hxt, hxo⟩ · -- Porting note: was `rcases minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne _ with ⟨x, hx⟩` -- https://github.com/leanprover/std4/issues/116 rsuffices ⟨x, hx⟩ : ∃ x, s.toSet = {x} · exact ⟨x, hx.symm ▸ rfl, hx ▸ ho⟩ refine minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne ?_ refine fun t hts htne hto => of_not_not fun hts' => ht ?_ lift t to Finset X using s.finite_toSet.subset hts exact ⟨t, ssubset_iff_subset_ne.2 ⟨hts, mt Finset.coe_inj.2 hts'⟩, htne, hto⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_open_finite exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite theorem exists_open_singleton_of_finite [T0Space X] [Finite X] [Nonempty X] : ∃ x : X, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := let ⟨x, _, h⟩ := exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite (Set.toFinite _) univ_nonempty isOpen_univ ⟨x, h⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_fintype exists_open_singleton_of_finite theorem t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Function.Injective f) (hf' : Continuous f) [T0Space Y] : T0Space X := ⟨fun _ _ h => hf <| (h.map hf').eq⟩ #align t0_space_of_injective_of_continuous t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous protected theorem Embedding.t0Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Embedding f) : T0Space X := t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous hf.inj hf.continuous #align embedding.t0_space Embedding.t0Space instance Subtype.t0Space [T0Space X] {p : X → Prop} : T0Space (Subtype p) := embedding_subtype_val.t0Space #align subtype.t0_space Subtype.t0Space
Mathlib/Topology/Separation.lean
364
366
theorem t0Space_iff_or_not_mem_closure (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun a b : X => a ∉ closure ({b} : Set X) ∨ b ∉ closure ({a} : Set X) := by
simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, inseparable_iff_mem_closure, not_and_or]
import Mathlib.Analysis.Convolution import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.EulerSineProd import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Gamma.BohrMollerup import Mathlib.Analysis.Analytic.IsolatedZeros import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.CauchyIntegral #align_import analysis.special_functions.gamma.beta from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a3209ddf94136d36e5e5c624b10b2a347cc9d090" noncomputable section set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false open Filter intervalIntegral Set Real MeasureTheory open scoped Nat Topology Real section BetaIntegral namespace Complex noncomputable def betaIntegral (u v : ℂ) : ℂ := ∫ x : ℝ in (0)..1, (x : ℂ) ^ (u - 1) * (1 - (x : ℂ)) ^ (v - 1) #align complex.beta_integral Complex.betaIntegral theorem betaIntegral_convergent_left {u : ℂ} (hu : 0 < re u) (v : ℂ) : IntervalIntegrable (fun x => (x : ℂ) ^ (u - 1) * (1 - (x : ℂ)) ^ (v - 1) : ℝ → ℂ) volume 0 (1 / 2) := by apply IntervalIntegrable.mul_continuousOn · refine intervalIntegral.intervalIntegrable_cpow' ?_ rwa [sub_re, one_re, ← zero_sub, sub_lt_sub_iff_right] · apply ContinuousAt.continuousOn intro x hx rw [uIcc_of_le (by positivity : (0 : ℝ) ≤ 1 / 2)] at hx apply ContinuousAt.cpow · exact (continuous_const.sub continuous_ofReal).continuousAt · exact continuousAt_const · norm_cast exact ofReal_mem_slitPlane.2 <| by linarith only [hx.2] #align complex.beta_integral_convergent_left Complex.betaIntegral_convergent_left theorem betaIntegral_convergent {u v : ℂ} (hu : 0 < re u) (hv : 0 < re v) : IntervalIntegrable (fun x => (x : ℂ) ^ (u - 1) * (1 - (x : ℂ)) ^ (v - 1) : ℝ → ℂ) volume 0 1 := by refine (betaIntegral_convergent_left hu v).trans ?_ rw [IntervalIntegrable.iff_comp_neg] convert ((betaIntegral_convergent_left hv u).comp_add_right 1).symm using 1 · ext1 x conv_lhs => rw [mul_comm] congr 2 <;> · push_cast; ring · norm_num · norm_num #align complex.beta_integral_convergent Complex.betaIntegral_convergent theorem betaIntegral_symm (u v : ℂ) : betaIntegral v u = betaIntegral u v := by rw [betaIntegral, betaIntegral] have := intervalIntegral.integral_comp_mul_add (a := 0) (b := 1) (c := -1) (fun x : ℝ => (x : ℂ) ^ (u - 1) * (1 - (x : ℂ)) ^ (v - 1)) neg_one_lt_zero.ne 1 rw [inv_neg, inv_one, neg_one_smul, ← intervalIntegral.integral_symm] at this simp? at this says simp only [neg_mul, one_mul, ofReal_add, ofReal_neg, ofReal_one, sub_add_cancel_right, neg_neg, mul_one, add_left_neg, mul_zero, zero_add] at this conv_lhs at this => arg 1; intro x; rw [add_comm, ← sub_eq_add_neg, mul_comm] exact this #align complex.beta_integral_symm Complex.betaIntegral_symm theorem betaIntegral_eval_one_right {u : ℂ} (hu : 0 < re u) : betaIntegral u 1 = 1 / u := by simp_rw [betaIntegral, sub_self, cpow_zero, mul_one] rw [integral_cpow (Or.inl _)] · rw [ofReal_zero, ofReal_one, one_cpow, zero_cpow, sub_zero, sub_add_cancel] rw [sub_add_cancel] contrapose! hu; rw [hu, zero_re] · rwa [sub_re, one_re, ← sub_pos, sub_neg_eq_add, sub_add_cancel] #align complex.beta_integral_eval_one_right Complex.betaIntegral_eval_one_right
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Gamma/Beta.lean
114
132
theorem betaIntegral_scaled (s t : ℂ) {a : ℝ} (ha : 0 < a) : ∫ x in (0)..a, (x : ℂ) ^ (s - 1) * ((a : ℂ) - x) ^ (t - 1) = (a : ℂ) ^ (s + t - 1) * betaIntegral s t := by
have ha' : (a : ℂ) ≠ 0 := ofReal_ne_zero.mpr ha.ne' rw [betaIntegral] have A : (a : ℂ) ^ (s + t - 1) = a * ((a : ℂ) ^ (s - 1) * (a : ℂ) ^ (t - 1)) := by rw [(by abel : s + t - 1 = 1 + (s - 1) + (t - 1)), cpow_add _ _ ha', cpow_add 1 _ ha', cpow_one, mul_assoc] rw [A, mul_assoc, ← intervalIntegral.integral_const_mul, ← real_smul, ← zero_div a, ← div_self ha.ne', ← intervalIntegral.integral_comp_div _ ha.ne', zero_div] simp_rw [intervalIntegral.integral_of_le ha.le] refine setIntegral_congr measurableSet_Ioc fun x hx => ?_ rw [mul_mul_mul_comm] congr 1 · rw [← mul_cpow_ofReal_nonneg ha.le (div_pos hx.1 ha).le, ofReal_div, mul_div_cancel₀ _ ha'] · rw [(by norm_cast : (1 : ℂ) - ↑(x / a) = ↑(1 - x / a)), ← mul_cpow_ofReal_nonneg ha.le (sub_nonneg.mpr <| (div_le_one ha).mpr hx.2)] push_cast rw [mul_sub, mul_one, mul_div_cancel₀ _ ha']
import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Angle.Oriented.Affine import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Angle.Unoriented.RightAngle #align_import geometry.euclidean.angle.oriented.right_angle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"46b633fd842bef9469441c0209906f6dddd2b4f5" noncomputable section open scoped EuclideanGeometry open scoped Real open scoped RealInnerProductSpace namespace Orientation open FiniteDimensional variable {V : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] variable [hd2 : Fact (finrank ℝ V = 2)] (o : Orientation ℝ V (Fin 2)) theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arccos (‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arccos_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arccos (‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arcsin (‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arcsin_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arcsin (‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle x (x + y) = Real.arctan (‖y‖ / ‖x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_add_eq_arctan_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x + y) y = Real.arctan (‖x‖ / ‖y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).oangle_add_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_add_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖y‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x‖ / ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖y‖ / ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x‖ / ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).cos_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖x + y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).sin_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) * ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_add_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) * ‖y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).tan_oangle_add_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_add_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_cos_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_cos_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x + y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_sin_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_sin_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle x (x + y)) = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle x (x + y)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_add_right, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_tan_angle_add_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x + y) y) = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ rw [add_comm] exact (-o).norm_div_tan_oangle_add_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_add_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arccos (‖y‖ / ‖y - x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arccos_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arccos (‖x‖ / ‖x - y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arccos_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arcsin (‖x‖ / ‖y - x‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arcsin_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arcsin (‖y‖ / ‖x - y‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arcsin_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle y (y - x) = Real.arctan (‖x‖ / ‖y‖) := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, InnerProductGeometry.angle_sub_eq_arctan_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : o.oangle (x - y) x = Real.arctan (‖y‖ / ‖x‖) := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).oangle_sub_right_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.oangle_sub_left_eq_arctan_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y‖ / ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x‖ / ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖x‖ / ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖y‖ / ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖x‖ / ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖y‖ / ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y - x‖ = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x - y‖ = ‖x‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).cos_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.cos_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y - x‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.sin_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h)] #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x - y‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).sin_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.sin_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle y (y - x)) * ‖y‖ = ‖x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.tan_angle_sub_mul_norm_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x - y) x) * ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).tan_oangle_sub_right_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.tan_oangle_sub_left_mul_norm_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.cos_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_cos_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inl (o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_cos_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y - x‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.sin_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_sin_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.sin (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h #align orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_sin_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖x‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle y (y - x)) = ‖y‖ := by have hs : (o.oangle y (y - x)).sign = 1 := by rw [oangle_sign_sub_right_swap, h, Real.Angle.sign_coe_pi_div_two] rw [o.oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one hs, Real.Angle.tan_coe, InnerProductGeometry.norm_div_tan_angle_sub_of_inner_eq_zero (o.inner_rev_eq_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h) (Or.inr (o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h))] #align orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.norm_div_tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two
Mathlib/Geometry/Euclidean/Angle/Oriented/RightAngle.lean
488
491
theorem norm_div_tan_oangle_sub_left_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = ↑(π / 2)) : ‖y‖ / Real.Angle.tan (o.oangle (x - y) x) = ‖x‖ := by
rw [← neg_inj, oangle_rev, ← oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg, neg_inj] at h ⊢ exact (-o).norm_div_tan_oangle_sub_right_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two h
import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Basic import Mathlib.Order.Hom.Set #align_import data.set.intervals.order_iso from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d012cd09a9b256d870751284dd6a29882b0be105" open Set namespace OrderIso section Preorder variable {α β : Type*} [Preorder α] [Preorder β] @[simp] theorem preimage_Iic (e : α ≃o β) (b : β) : e ⁻¹' Iic b = Iic (e.symm b) := by ext x simp [← e.le_iff_le] #align order_iso.preimage_Iic OrderIso.preimage_Iic @[simp] theorem preimage_Ici (e : α ≃o β) (b : β) : e ⁻¹' Ici b = Ici (e.symm b) := by ext x simp [← e.le_iff_le] #align order_iso.preimage_Ici OrderIso.preimage_Ici @[simp] theorem preimage_Iio (e : α ≃o β) (b : β) : e ⁻¹' Iio b = Iio (e.symm b) := by ext x simp [← e.lt_iff_lt] #align order_iso.preimage_Iio OrderIso.preimage_Iio @[simp]
Mathlib/Order/Interval/Set/OrderIso.lean
42
44
theorem preimage_Ioi (e : α ≃o β) (b : β) : e ⁻¹' Ioi b = Ioi (e.symm b) := by
ext x simp [← e.lt_iff_lt]
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Opposites #align_import category_theory.eq_to_hom from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"dc6c365e751e34d100e80fe6e314c3c3e0fd2988" universe v₁ v₂ v₃ u₁ u₂ u₃ -- morphism levels before object levels. See note [CategoryTheory universes]. namespace CategoryTheory open Opposite variable {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁} C] def eqToHom {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : X ⟶ Y := by rw [p]; exact 𝟙 _ #align category_theory.eq_to_hom CategoryTheory.eqToHom @[simp] theorem eqToHom_refl (X : C) (p : X = X) : eqToHom p = 𝟙 X := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_refl CategoryTheory.eqToHom_refl @[reassoc (attr := simp)] theorem eqToHom_trans {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y = Z) : eqToHom p ≫ eqToHom q = eqToHom (p.trans q) := by cases p cases q simp #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_trans CategoryTheory.eqToHom_trans theorem comp_eqToHom_iff {X Y Y' : C} (p : Y = Y') (f : X ⟶ Y) (g : X ⟶ Y') : f ≫ eqToHom p = g ↔ f = g ≫ eqToHom p.symm := { mp := fun h => h ▸ by simp mpr := fun h => by simp [eq_whisker h (eqToHom p)] } #align category_theory.comp_eq_to_hom_iff CategoryTheory.comp_eqToHom_iff theorem eqToHom_comp_iff {X X' Y : C} (p : X = X') (f : X ⟶ Y) (g : X' ⟶ Y) : eqToHom p ≫ g = f ↔ g = eqToHom p.symm ≫ f := { mp := fun h => h ▸ by simp mpr := fun h => h ▸ by simp [whisker_eq _ h] } #align category_theory.eq_to_hom_comp_iff CategoryTheory.eqToHom_comp_iff variable {β : Sort*} -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ⟶ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : z j ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ z j' := by cases w simp -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_iso_hom_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ≅ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : (z j).hom ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ (z j').hom := by cases w simp -- The simpNF linter incorrectly claims that this will never apply. -- https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5049 @[reassoc (attr := simp, nolint simpNF)] theorem eqToHom_iso_inv_naturality {f g : β → C} (z : ∀ b, f b ≅ g b) {j j' : β} (w : j = j') : (z j).inv ≫ eqToHom (by simp [w]) = eqToHom (by simp [w]) ≫ (z j').inv := by cases w simp @[simp, nolint simpNF] theorem congrArg_cast_hom_left {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y ⟶ Z) : cast (congrArg (fun W : C => W ⟶ Z) p.symm) q = eqToHom p ≫ q := by cases p simp theorem congrArg_mpr_hom_left {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y ⟶ Z) : (congrArg (fun W : C => W ⟶ Z) p).mpr q = eqToHom p ≫ q := by cases p simp #align category_theory.congr_arg_mpr_hom_left CategoryTheory.congrArg_mpr_hom_left @[simp, nolint simpNF] theorem congrArg_cast_hom_right {X Y Z : C} (p : X ⟶ Y) (q : Z = Y) : cast (congrArg (fun W : C => X ⟶ W) q.symm) p = p ≫ eqToHom q.symm := by cases q simp theorem congrArg_mpr_hom_right {X Y Z : C} (p : X ⟶ Y) (q : Z = Y) : (congrArg (fun W : C => X ⟶ W) q).mpr p = p ≫ eqToHom q.symm := by cases q simp #align category_theory.congr_arg_mpr_hom_right CategoryTheory.congrArg_mpr_hom_right def eqToIso {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : X ≅ Y := ⟨eqToHom p, eqToHom p.symm, by simp, by simp⟩ #align category_theory.eq_to_iso CategoryTheory.eqToIso @[simp] theorem eqToIso.hom {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : (eqToIso p).hom = eqToHom p := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso.hom CategoryTheory.eqToIso.hom @[simp] theorem eqToIso.inv {X Y : C} (p : X = Y) : (eqToIso p).inv = eqToHom p.symm := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso.inv CategoryTheory.eqToIso.inv @[simp] theorem eqToIso_refl {X : C} (p : X = X) : eqToIso p = Iso.refl X := rfl #align category_theory.eq_to_iso_refl CategoryTheory.eqToIso_refl @[simp]
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/EqToHom.lean
169
170
theorem eqToIso_trans {X Y Z : C} (p : X = Y) (q : Y = Z) : eqToIso p ≪≫ eqToIso q = eqToIso (p.trans q) := by
ext; simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Monoid.Unbundled.Basic #align_import algebra.order.monoid.min_max from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"de87d5053a9fe5cbde723172c0fb7e27e7436473" open Function variable {α β : Type*} section CovariantClassMulLe variable [LinearOrder α] section Mul variable [Mul α] @[to_additive] theorem lt_or_lt_of_mul_lt_mul [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· ≤ ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· ≤ ·)] {a₁ a₂ b₁ b₂ : α} : a₁ * b₁ < a₂ * b₂ → a₁ < a₂ ∨ b₁ < b₂ := by contrapose! exact fun h => mul_le_mul' h.1 h.2 #align lt_or_lt_of_mul_lt_mul lt_or_lt_of_mul_lt_mul #align lt_or_lt_of_add_lt_add lt_or_lt_of_add_lt_add @[to_additive] theorem le_or_lt_of_mul_le_mul [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· ≤ ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· < ·)] {a₁ a₂ b₁ b₂ : α} : a₁ * b₁ ≤ a₂ * b₂ → a₁ ≤ a₂ ∨ b₁ < b₂ := by contrapose! exact fun h => mul_lt_mul_of_lt_of_le h.1 h.2 #align le_or_lt_of_mul_le_mul le_or_lt_of_mul_le_mul #align le_or_lt_of_add_le_add le_or_lt_of_add_le_add @[to_additive] theorem lt_or_le_of_mul_le_mul [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· < ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· ≤ ·)] {a₁ a₂ b₁ b₂ : α} : a₁ * b₁ ≤ a₂ * b₂ → a₁ < a₂ ∨ b₁ ≤ b₂ := by contrapose! exact fun h => mul_lt_mul_of_le_of_lt h.1 h.2 #align lt_or_le_of_mul_le_mul lt_or_le_of_mul_le_mul #align lt_or_le_of_add_le_add lt_or_le_of_add_le_add @[to_additive] theorem le_or_le_of_mul_le_mul [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· < ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· < ·)] {a₁ a₂ b₁ b₂ : α} : a₁ * b₁ ≤ a₂ * b₂ → a₁ ≤ a₂ ∨ b₁ ≤ b₂ := by contrapose! exact fun h => mul_lt_mul_of_lt_of_lt h.1 h.2 #align le_or_le_of_mul_le_mul le_or_le_of_mul_le_mul #align le_or_le_of_add_le_add le_or_le_of_add_le_add @[to_additive]
Mathlib/Algebra/Order/Monoid/Unbundled/MinMax.lean
126
133
theorem mul_lt_mul_iff_of_le_of_le [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· ≤ ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· ≤ ·)] [CovariantClass α α (· * ·) (· < ·)] [CovariantClass α α (Function.swap (· * ·)) (· < ·)] {a₁ a₂ b₁ b₂ : α} (ha : a₁ ≤ a₂) (hb : b₁ ≤ b₂) : a₁ * b₁ < a₂ * b₂ ↔ a₁ < a₂ ∨ b₁ < b₂ := by
refine ⟨lt_or_lt_of_mul_lt_mul, fun h => ?_⟩ cases' h with ha' hb' · exact mul_lt_mul_of_lt_of_le ha' hb · exact mul_lt_mul_of_le_of_lt ha hb'
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Defs #align_import analysis.calculus.iterated_deriv from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3bce8d800a6f2b8f63fe1e588fd76a9ff4adcebe" noncomputable section open scoped Classical Topology open Filter Asymptotics Set variable {𝕜 : Type*} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] variable {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] def iteratedDeriv (n : ℕ) (f : 𝕜 → F) (x : 𝕜) : F := (iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) fun _ : Fin n => 1 #align iterated_deriv iteratedDeriv def iteratedDerivWithin (n : ℕ) (f : 𝕜 → F) (s : Set 𝕜) (x : 𝕜) : F := (iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) fun _ : Fin n => 1 #align iterated_deriv_within iteratedDerivWithin variable {n : ℕ} {f : 𝕜 → F} {s : Set 𝕜} {x : 𝕜} theorem iteratedDerivWithin_univ : iteratedDerivWithin n f univ = iteratedDeriv n f := by ext x rw [iteratedDerivWithin, iteratedDeriv, iteratedFDerivWithin_univ] #align iterated_deriv_within_univ iteratedDerivWithin_univ theorem iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iteratedFDerivWithin : iteratedDerivWithin n f s x = (iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) fun _ : Fin n => 1 := rfl #align iterated_deriv_within_eq_iterated_fderiv_within iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iteratedFDerivWithin theorem iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp : iteratedDerivWithin n f s = (ContinuousMultilinearMap.piFieldEquiv 𝕜 (Fin n) F).symm ∘ iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s := by ext x; rfl #align iterated_deriv_within_eq_equiv_comp iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp theorem iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp : iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s = ContinuousMultilinearMap.piFieldEquiv 𝕜 (Fin n) F ∘ iteratedDerivWithin n f s := by rw [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, ← Function.comp.assoc, LinearIsometryEquiv.self_comp_symm, Function.id_comp] #align iterated_fderiv_within_eq_equiv_comp iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp theorem iteratedFDerivWithin_apply_eq_iteratedDerivWithin_mul_prod {m : Fin n → 𝕜} : (iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) m = (∏ i, m i) • iteratedDerivWithin n f s x := by rw [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iteratedFDerivWithin, ← ContinuousMultilinearMap.map_smul_univ] simp #align iterated_fderiv_within_apply_eq_iterated_deriv_within_mul_prod iteratedFDerivWithin_apply_eq_iteratedDerivWithin_mul_prod theorem norm_iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_norm_iteratedDerivWithin : ‖iteratedFDerivWithin 𝕜 n f s x‖ = ‖iteratedDerivWithin n f s x‖ := by rw [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, Function.comp_apply, LinearIsometryEquiv.norm_map] #align norm_iterated_fderiv_within_eq_norm_iterated_deriv_within norm_iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_norm_iteratedDerivWithin @[simp] theorem iteratedDerivWithin_zero : iteratedDerivWithin 0 f s = f := by ext x simp [iteratedDerivWithin] #align iterated_deriv_within_zero iteratedDerivWithin_zero @[simp] theorem iteratedDerivWithin_one {x : 𝕜} (h : UniqueDiffWithinAt 𝕜 s x) : iteratedDerivWithin 1 f s x = derivWithin f s x := by simp only [iteratedDerivWithin, iteratedFDerivWithin_one_apply h]; rfl #align iterated_deriv_within_one iteratedDerivWithin_one theorem contDiffOn_of_continuousOn_differentiableOn_deriv {n : ℕ∞} (Hcont : ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n → ContinuousOn (fun x => iteratedDerivWithin m f s x) s) (Hdiff : ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) < n → DifferentiableOn 𝕜 (fun x => iteratedDerivWithin m f s x) s) : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s := by apply contDiffOn_of_continuousOn_differentiableOn · simpa only [iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_continuousOn_iff] · simpa only [iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_differentiableOn_iff] #align cont_diff_on_of_continuous_on_differentiable_on_deriv contDiffOn_of_continuousOn_differentiableOn_deriv theorem contDiffOn_of_differentiableOn_deriv {n : ℕ∞} (h : ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n → DifferentiableOn 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s) : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s := by apply contDiffOn_of_differentiableOn simpa only [iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_differentiableOn_iff] #align cont_diff_on_of_differentiable_on_deriv contDiffOn_of_differentiableOn_deriv theorem ContDiffOn.continuousOn_iteratedDerivWithin {n : ℕ∞} {m : ℕ} (h : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s) (hmn : (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n) (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) : ContinuousOn (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s := by simpa only [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_continuousOn_iff] using h.continuousOn_iteratedFDerivWithin hmn hs #align cont_diff_on.continuous_on_iterated_deriv_within ContDiffOn.continuousOn_iteratedDerivWithin theorem ContDiffWithinAt.differentiableWithinAt_iteratedDerivWithin {n : ℕ∞} {m : ℕ} (h : ContDiffWithinAt 𝕜 n f s x) (hmn : (m : ℕ∞) < n) (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 (insert x s)) : DifferentiableWithinAt 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s x := by simpa only [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_differentiableWithinAt_iff] using h.differentiableWithinAt_iteratedFDerivWithin hmn hs #align cont_diff_within_at.differentiable_within_at_iterated_deriv_within ContDiffWithinAt.differentiableWithinAt_iteratedDerivWithin theorem ContDiffOn.differentiableOn_iteratedDerivWithin {n : ℕ∞} {m : ℕ} (h : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s) (hmn : (m : ℕ∞) < n) (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) : DifferentiableOn 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s := fun x hx => (h x hx).differentiableWithinAt_iteratedDerivWithin hmn <| by rwa [insert_eq_of_mem hx] #align cont_diff_on.differentiable_on_iterated_deriv_within ContDiffOn.differentiableOn_iteratedDerivWithin theorem contDiffOn_iff_continuousOn_differentiableOn_deriv {n : ℕ∞} (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) : ContDiffOn 𝕜 n f s ↔ (∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n → ContinuousOn (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s) ∧ ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) < n → DifferentiableOn 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin m f s) s := by simp only [contDiffOn_iff_continuousOn_differentiableOn hs, iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_continuousOn_iff, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_differentiableOn_iff] #align cont_diff_on_iff_continuous_on_differentiable_on_deriv contDiffOn_iff_continuousOn_differentiableOn_deriv theorem iteratedDerivWithin_succ {x : 𝕜} (hxs : UniqueDiffWithinAt 𝕜 s x) : iteratedDerivWithin (n + 1) f s x = derivWithin (iteratedDerivWithin n f s) s x := by rw [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iteratedFDerivWithin, iteratedFDerivWithin_succ_apply_left, iteratedFDerivWithin_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_fderivWithin _ hxs, derivWithin] change ((ContinuousMultilinearMap.mkPiRing 𝕜 (Fin n) ((fderivWithin 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin n f s) s x : 𝕜 → F) 1) : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) fun i : Fin n => 1) = (fderivWithin 𝕜 (iteratedDerivWithin n f s) s x : 𝕜 → F) 1 simp #align iterated_deriv_within_succ iteratedDerivWithin_succ theorem iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iterate {x : 𝕜} (hs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) (hx : x ∈ s) : iteratedDerivWithin n f s x = (fun g : 𝕜 → F => derivWithin g s)^[n] f x := by induction' n with n IH generalizing x · simp · rw [iteratedDerivWithin_succ (hs x hx), Function.iterate_succ'] exact derivWithin_congr (fun y hy => IH hy) (IH hx) #align iterated_deriv_within_eq_iterate iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iterate theorem iteratedDerivWithin_succ' {x : 𝕜} (hxs : UniqueDiffOn 𝕜 s) (hx : x ∈ s) : iteratedDerivWithin (n + 1) f s x = (iteratedDerivWithin n (derivWithin f s) s) x := by rw [iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iterate hxs hx, iteratedDerivWithin_eq_iterate hxs hx]; rfl #align iterated_deriv_within_succ' iteratedDerivWithin_succ' theorem iteratedDeriv_eq_iteratedFDeriv : iteratedDeriv n f x = (iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) fun _ : Fin n => 1 := rfl #align iterated_deriv_eq_iterated_fderiv iteratedDeriv_eq_iteratedFDeriv theorem iteratedDeriv_eq_equiv_comp : iteratedDeriv n f = (ContinuousMultilinearMap.piFieldEquiv 𝕜 (Fin n) F).symm ∘ iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f := by ext x; rfl #align iterated_deriv_eq_equiv_comp iteratedDeriv_eq_equiv_comp theorem iteratedFDeriv_eq_equiv_comp : iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f = ContinuousMultilinearMap.piFieldEquiv 𝕜 (Fin n) F ∘ iteratedDeriv n f := by rw [iteratedDeriv_eq_equiv_comp, ← Function.comp.assoc, LinearIsometryEquiv.self_comp_symm, Function.id_comp] #align iterated_fderiv_eq_equiv_comp iteratedFDeriv_eq_equiv_comp theorem iteratedFDeriv_apply_eq_iteratedDeriv_mul_prod {m : Fin n → 𝕜} : (iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f x : (Fin n → 𝕜) → F) m = (∏ i, m i) • iteratedDeriv n f x := by rw [iteratedDeriv_eq_iteratedFDeriv, ← ContinuousMultilinearMap.map_smul_univ]; simp #align iterated_fderiv_apply_eq_iterated_deriv_mul_prod iteratedFDeriv_apply_eq_iteratedDeriv_mul_prod theorem norm_iteratedFDeriv_eq_norm_iteratedDeriv : ‖iteratedFDeriv 𝕜 n f x‖ = ‖iteratedDeriv n f x‖ := by rw [iteratedDeriv_eq_equiv_comp, Function.comp_apply, LinearIsometryEquiv.norm_map] #align norm_iterated_fderiv_eq_norm_iterated_deriv norm_iteratedFDeriv_eq_norm_iteratedDeriv @[simp] theorem iteratedDeriv_zero : iteratedDeriv 0 f = f := by ext x; simp [iteratedDeriv] #align iterated_deriv_zero iteratedDeriv_zero @[simp] theorem iteratedDeriv_one : iteratedDeriv 1 f = deriv f := by ext x; simp [iteratedDeriv]; rfl #align iterated_deriv_one iteratedDeriv_one theorem contDiff_iff_iteratedDeriv {n : ℕ∞} : ContDiff 𝕜 n f ↔ (∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n → Continuous (iteratedDeriv m f)) ∧ ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) < n → Differentiable 𝕜 (iteratedDeriv m f) := by simp only [contDiff_iff_continuous_differentiable, iteratedFDeriv_eq_equiv_comp, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_continuous_iff, LinearIsometryEquiv.comp_differentiable_iff] #align cont_diff_iff_iterated_deriv contDiff_iff_iteratedDeriv theorem contDiff_of_differentiable_iteratedDeriv {n : ℕ∞} (h : ∀ m : ℕ, (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n → Differentiable 𝕜 (iteratedDeriv m f)) : ContDiff 𝕜 n f := contDiff_iff_iteratedDeriv.2 ⟨fun m hm => (h m hm).continuous, fun m hm => h m (le_of_lt hm)⟩ #align cont_diff_of_differentiable_iterated_deriv contDiff_of_differentiable_iteratedDeriv theorem ContDiff.continuous_iteratedDeriv {n : ℕ∞} (m : ℕ) (h : ContDiff 𝕜 n f) (hmn : (m : ℕ∞) ≤ n) : Continuous (iteratedDeriv m f) := (contDiff_iff_iteratedDeriv.1 h).1 m hmn #align cont_diff.continuous_iterated_deriv ContDiff.continuous_iteratedDeriv theorem ContDiff.differentiable_iteratedDeriv {n : ℕ∞} (m : ℕ) (h : ContDiff 𝕜 n f) (hmn : (m : ℕ∞) < n) : Differentiable 𝕜 (iteratedDeriv m f) := (contDiff_iff_iteratedDeriv.1 h).2 m hmn #align cont_diff.differentiable_iterated_deriv ContDiff.differentiable_iteratedDeriv
Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/IteratedDeriv/Defs.lean
285
288
theorem iteratedDeriv_succ : iteratedDeriv (n + 1) f = deriv (iteratedDeriv n f) := by
ext x rw [← iteratedDerivWithin_univ, ← iteratedDerivWithin_univ, ← derivWithin_univ] exact iteratedDerivWithin_succ uniqueDiffWithinAt_univ
import Mathlib.Init.Data.List.Lemmas import Mathlib.Tactic.Common #align_import data.vector from "leanprover-community/lean"@"855e5b74e3a52a40552e8f067169d747d48743fd" assert_not_exists Monoid universe u v w def Vector (α : Type u) (n : ℕ) := { l : List α // l.length = n } #align vector Vector namespace Vector variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {φ : Type w} variable {n : ℕ} instance [DecidableEq α] : DecidableEq (Vector α n) := inferInstanceAs (DecidableEq {l : List α // l.length = n}) @[match_pattern] def nil : Vector α 0 := ⟨[], rfl⟩ #align vector.nil Vector.nil @[match_pattern] def cons : α → Vector α n → Vector α (Nat.succ n) | a, ⟨v, h⟩ => ⟨a :: v, congrArg Nat.succ h⟩ #align vector.cons Vector.cons @[reducible, nolint unusedArguments] def length (_ : Vector α n) : ℕ := n #align vector.length Vector.length open Nat def head : Vector α (Nat.succ n) → α | ⟨a :: _, _⟩ => a #align vector.head Vector.head theorem head_cons (a : α) : ∀ v : Vector α n, head (cons a v) = a | ⟨_, _⟩ => rfl #align vector.head_cons Vector.head_cons def tail : Vector α n → Vector α (n - 1) | ⟨[], h⟩ => ⟨[], congrArg pred h⟩ | ⟨_ :: v, h⟩ => ⟨v, congrArg pred h⟩ #align vector.tail Vector.tail theorem tail_cons (a : α) : ∀ v : Vector α n, tail (cons a v) = v | ⟨_, _⟩ => rfl #align vector.tail_cons Vector.tail_cons @[simp] theorem cons_head_tail : ∀ v : Vector α (succ n), cons (head v) (tail v) = v | ⟨[], h⟩ => by contradiction | ⟨a :: v, h⟩ => rfl #align vector.cons_head_tail Vector.cons_head_tail def toList (v : Vector α n) : List α := v.1 #align vector.to_list Vector.toList def get (l : Vector α n) (i : Fin n) : α := l.1.get <| i.cast l.2.symm #align vector.nth Vector.get def append {n m : Nat} : Vector α n → Vector α m → Vector α (n + m) | ⟨l₁, h₁⟩, ⟨l₂, h₂⟩ => ⟨l₁ ++ l₂, by simp [*]⟩ #align vector.append Vector.append @[elab_as_elim] def elim {α} {C : ∀ {n}, Vector α n → Sort u} (H : ∀ l : List α, C ⟨l, rfl⟩) {n : ℕ} : ∀ v : Vector α n, C v | ⟨l, h⟩ => match n, h with | _, rfl => H l #align vector.elim Vector.elim def map (f : α → β) : Vector α n → Vector β n | ⟨l, h⟩ => ⟨List.map f l, by simp [*]⟩ #align vector.map Vector.map @[simp] theorem map_nil (f : α → β) : map f nil = nil := rfl #align vector.map_nil Vector.map_nil @[simp] theorem map_cons (f : α → β) (a : α) : ∀ v : Vector α n, map f (cons a v) = cons (f a) (map f v) | ⟨_, _⟩ => rfl #align vector.map_cons Vector.map_cons def map₂ (f : α → β → φ) : Vector α n → Vector β n → Vector φ n | ⟨x, _⟩, ⟨y, _⟩ => ⟨List.zipWith f x y, by simp [*]⟩ #align vector.map₂ Vector.map₂ def replicate (n : ℕ) (a : α) : Vector α n := ⟨List.replicate n a, List.length_replicate n a⟩ #align vector.replicate Vector.replicate def drop (i : ℕ) : Vector α n → Vector α (n - i) | ⟨l, p⟩ => ⟨List.drop i l, by simp [*]⟩ #align vector.drop Vector.drop def take (i : ℕ) : Vector α n → Vector α (min i n) | ⟨l, p⟩ => ⟨List.take i l, by simp [*]⟩ #align vector.take Vector.take def eraseIdx (i : Fin n) : Vector α n → Vector α (n - 1) | ⟨l, p⟩ => ⟨List.eraseIdx l i.1, by rw [l.length_eraseIdx] <;> rw [p]; exact i.2⟩ #align vector.remove_nth Vector.eraseIdx @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-04")] alias removeNth := eraseIdx def ofFn : ∀ {n}, (Fin n → α) → Vector α n | 0, _ => nil | _ + 1, f => cons (f 0) (ofFn fun i ↦ f i.succ) protected def congr {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) : Vector α n → Vector α m | ⟨x, p⟩ => ⟨x, h ▸ p⟩ #align vector.of_fn Vector.ofFn protected theorem eq {n : ℕ} : ∀ a1 a2 : Vector α n, toList a1 = toList a2 → a1 = a2 | ⟨_, _⟩, ⟨_, _⟩, rfl => rfl #align vector.eq Vector.eq protected theorem eq_nil (v : Vector α 0) : v = nil := v.eq nil (List.eq_nil_of_length_eq_zero v.2) #align vector.eq_nil Vector.eq_nil @[simp] theorem toList_mk (v : List α) (P : List.length v = n) : toList (Subtype.mk v P) = v := rfl #align vector.to_list_mk Vector.toList_mk @[simp, nolint simpNF] -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this in the future theorem toList_nil : toList nil = @List.nil α := rfl #align vector.to_list_nil Vector.toList_nil @[simp] theorem toList_length (v : Vector α n) : (toList v).length = n := v.2 #align vector.to_list_length Vector.toList_length @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Vector/Defs.lean
253
254
theorem toList_cons (a : α) (v : Vector α n) : toList (cons a v) = a :: toList v := by
cases v; rfl
import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.HausdorffDistance #align_import topology.metric_space.hausdorff_distance from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"bc91ed7093bf098d253401e69df601fc33dde156" noncomputable section open NNReal ENNReal Topology Set Filter Bornology universe u v w variable {ι : Sort*} {α : Type u} {β : Type v} namespace Metric section Cthickening variable [PseudoEMetricSpace α] {δ ε : ℝ} {s t : Set α} {x : α} open EMetric def cthickening (δ : ℝ) (E : Set α) : Set α := { x : α | infEdist x E ≤ ENNReal.ofReal δ } #align metric.cthickening Metric.cthickening @[simp] theorem mem_cthickening_iff : x ∈ cthickening δ s ↔ infEdist x s ≤ ENNReal.ofReal δ := Iff.rfl #align metric.mem_cthickening_iff Metric.mem_cthickening_iff lemma eventually_not_mem_cthickening_of_infEdist_pos {E : Set α} {x : α} (h : x ∉ closure E) : ∀ᶠ δ in 𝓝 (0 : ℝ), x ∉ Metric.cthickening δ E := by obtain ⟨ε, ⟨ε_pos, ε_lt⟩⟩ := exists_real_pos_lt_infEdist_of_not_mem_closure h filter_upwards [eventually_lt_nhds ε_pos] with δ hδ simp only [cthickening, mem_setOf_eq, not_le] exact ((ofReal_lt_ofReal_iff ε_pos).mpr hδ).trans ε_lt theorem mem_cthickening_of_edist_le (x y : α) (δ : ℝ) (E : Set α) (h : y ∈ E) (h' : edist x y ≤ ENNReal.ofReal δ) : x ∈ cthickening δ E := (infEdist_le_edist_of_mem h).trans h' #align metric.mem_cthickening_of_edist_le Metric.mem_cthickening_of_edist_le theorem mem_cthickening_of_dist_le {α : Type*} [PseudoMetricSpace α] (x y : α) (δ : ℝ) (E : Set α) (h : y ∈ E) (h' : dist x y ≤ δ) : x ∈ cthickening δ E := by apply mem_cthickening_of_edist_le x y δ E h rw [edist_dist] exact ENNReal.ofReal_le_ofReal h' #align metric.mem_cthickening_of_dist_le Metric.mem_cthickening_of_dist_le theorem cthickening_eq_preimage_infEdist (δ : ℝ) (E : Set α) : cthickening δ E = (fun x => infEdist x E) ⁻¹' Iic (ENNReal.ofReal δ) := rfl #align metric.cthickening_eq_preimage_inf_edist Metric.cthickening_eq_preimage_infEdist theorem isClosed_cthickening {δ : ℝ} {E : Set α} : IsClosed (cthickening δ E) := IsClosed.preimage continuous_infEdist isClosed_Iic #align metric.is_closed_cthickening Metric.isClosed_cthickening @[simp] theorem cthickening_empty (δ : ℝ) : cthickening δ (∅ : Set α) = ∅ := by simp only [cthickening, ENNReal.ofReal_ne_top, setOf_false, infEdist_empty, top_le_iff] #align metric.cthickening_empty Metric.cthickening_empty
Mathlib/Topology/MetricSpace/Thickening.lean
242
244
theorem cthickening_of_nonpos {δ : ℝ} (hδ : δ ≤ 0) (E : Set α) : cthickening δ E = closure E := by
ext x simp [mem_closure_iff_infEdist_zero, cthickening, ENNReal.ofReal_eq_zero.2 hδ]
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Nat.SuccPred #align_import set_theory.ordinal.arithmetic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"31b269b60935483943542d547a6dd83a66b37dc7" assert_not_exists Field assert_not_exists Module noncomputable section open Function Cardinal Set Equiv Order open scoped Classical open Cardinal Ordinal universe u v w namespace Ordinal variable {α : Type*} {β : Type*} {γ : Type*} {r : α → α → Prop} {s : β → β → Prop} {t : γ → γ → Prop} @[simp] theorem lift_add (a b : Ordinal.{v}) : lift.{u} (a + b) = lift.{u} a + lift.{u} b := Quotient.inductionOn₂ a b fun ⟨_α, _r, _⟩ ⟨_β, _s, _⟩ => Quotient.sound ⟨(RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _).trans (RelIso.sumLexCongr (RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _) (RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _)).symm⟩ #align ordinal.lift_add Ordinal.lift_add @[simp] theorem lift_succ (a : Ordinal.{v}) : lift.{u} (succ a) = succ (lift.{u} a) := by rw [← add_one_eq_succ, lift_add, lift_one] rfl #align ordinal.lift_succ Ordinal.lift_succ instance add_contravariantClass_le : ContravariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· + ·) (· ≤ ·) := ⟨fun a b c => inductionOn a fun α r hr => inductionOn b fun β₁ s₁ hs₁ => inductionOn c fun β₂ s₂ hs₂ ⟨f⟩ => ⟨have fl : ∀ a, f (Sum.inl a) = Sum.inl a := fun a => by simpa only [InitialSeg.trans_apply, InitialSeg.leAdd_apply] using @InitialSeg.eq _ _ _ _ _ ((InitialSeg.leAdd r s₁).trans f) (InitialSeg.leAdd r s₂) a have : ∀ b, { b' // f (Sum.inr b) = Sum.inr b' } := by intro b; cases e : f (Sum.inr b) · rw [← fl] at e have := f.inj' e contradiction · exact ⟨_, rfl⟩ let g (b) := (this b).1 have fr : ∀ b, f (Sum.inr b) = Sum.inr (g b) := fun b => (this b).2 ⟨⟨⟨g, fun x y h => by injection f.inj' (by rw [fr, fr, h] : f (Sum.inr x) = f (Sum.inr y))⟩, @fun a b => by -- Porting note: -- `relEmbedding.coe_fn_to_embedding` & `initial_seg.coe_fn_to_rel_embedding` -- → `InitialSeg.coe_coe_fn` simpa only [Sum.lex_inr_inr, fr, InitialSeg.coe_coe_fn, Embedding.coeFn_mk] using @RelEmbedding.map_rel_iff _ _ _ _ f.toRelEmbedding (Sum.inr a) (Sum.inr b)⟩, fun a b H => by rcases f.init (by rw [fr] <;> exact Sum.lex_inr_inr.2 H) with ⟨a' | a', h⟩ · rw [fl] at h cases h · rw [fr] at h exact ⟨a', Sum.inr.inj h⟩⟩⟩⟩ #align ordinal.add_contravariant_class_le Ordinal.add_contravariantClass_le theorem add_left_cancel (a) {b c : Ordinal} : a + b = a + c ↔ b = c := by simp only [le_antisymm_iff, add_le_add_iff_left] #align ordinal.add_left_cancel Ordinal.add_left_cancel private theorem add_lt_add_iff_left' (a) {b c : Ordinal} : a + b < a + c ↔ b < c := by rw [← not_le, ← not_le, add_le_add_iff_left] instance add_covariantClass_lt : CovariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· + ·) (· < ·) := ⟨fun a _b _c => (add_lt_add_iff_left' a).2⟩ #align ordinal.add_covariant_class_lt Ordinal.add_covariantClass_lt instance add_contravariantClass_lt : ContravariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· + ·) (· < ·) := ⟨fun a _b _c => (add_lt_add_iff_left' a).1⟩ #align ordinal.add_contravariant_class_lt Ordinal.add_contravariantClass_lt instance add_swap_contravariantClass_lt : ContravariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (swap (· + ·)) (· < ·) := ⟨fun _a _b _c => lt_imp_lt_of_le_imp_le fun h => add_le_add_right h _⟩ #align ordinal.add_swap_contravariant_class_lt Ordinal.add_swap_contravariantClass_lt theorem add_le_add_iff_right {a b : Ordinal} : ∀ n : ℕ, a + n ≤ b + n ↔ a ≤ b | 0 => by simp | n + 1 => by simp only [natCast_succ, add_succ, add_succ, succ_le_succ_iff, add_le_add_iff_right] #align ordinal.add_le_add_iff_right Ordinal.add_le_add_iff_right theorem add_right_cancel {a b : Ordinal} (n : ℕ) : a + n = b + n ↔ a = b := by simp only [le_antisymm_iff, add_le_add_iff_right] #align ordinal.add_right_cancel Ordinal.add_right_cancel theorem add_eq_zero_iff {a b : Ordinal} : a + b = 0 ↔ a = 0 ∧ b = 0 := inductionOn a fun α r _ => inductionOn b fun β s _ => by simp_rw [← type_sum_lex, type_eq_zero_iff_isEmpty] exact isEmpty_sum #align ordinal.add_eq_zero_iff Ordinal.add_eq_zero_iff theorem left_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero {a b : Ordinal} (h : a + b = 0) : a = 0 := (add_eq_zero_iff.1 h).1 #align ordinal.left_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero Ordinal.left_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero theorem right_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero {a b : Ordinal} (h : a + b = 0) : b = 0 := (add_eq_zero_iff.1 h).2 #align ordinal.right_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero Ordinal.right_eq_zero_of_add_eq_zero def pred (o : Ordinal) : Ordinal := if h : ∃ a, o = succ a then Classical.choose h else o #align ordinal.pred Ordinal.pred @[simp] theorem pred_succ (o) : pred (succ o) = o := by have h : ∃ a, succ o = succ a := ⟨_, rfl⟩; simpa only [pred, dif_pos h] using (succ_injective <| Classical.choose_spec h).symm #align ordinal.pred_succ Ordinal.pred_succ theorem pred_le_self (o) : pred o ≤ o := if h : ∃ a, o = succ a then by let ⟨a, e⟩ := h rw [e, pred_succ]; exact le_succ a else by rw [pred, dif_neg h] #align ordinal.pred_le_self Ordinal.pred_le_self theorem pred_eq_iff_not_succ {o} : pred o = o ↔ ¬∃ a, o = succ a := ⟨fun e ⟨a, e'⟩ => by rw [e', pred_succ] at e; exact (lt_succ a).ne e, fun h => dif_neg h⟩ #align ordinal.pred_eq_iff_not_succ Ordinal.pred_eq_iff_not_succ theorem pred_eq_iff_not_succ' {o} : pred o = o ↔ ∀ a, o ≠ succ a := by simpa using pred_eq_iff_not_succ #align ordinal.pred_eq_iff_not_succ' Ordinal.pred_eq_iff_not_succ' theorem pred_lt_iff_is_succ {o} : pred o < o ↔ ∃ a, o = succ a := Iff.trans (by simp only [le_antisymm_iff, pred_le_self, true_and_iff, not_le]) (iff_not_comm.1 pred_eq_iff_not_succ).symm #align ordinal.pred_lt_iff_is_succ Ordinal.pred_lt_iff_is_succ @[simp] theorem pred_zero : pred 0 = 0 := pred_eq_iff_not_succ'.2 fun a => (succ_ne_zero a).symm #align ordinal.pred_zero Ordinal.pred_zero theorem succ_pred_iff_is_succ {o} : succ (pred o) = o ↔ ∃ a, o = succ a := ⟨fun e => ⟨_, e.symm⟩, fun ⟨a, e⟩ => by simp only [e, pred_succ]⟩ #align ordinal.succ_pred_iff_is_succ Ordinal.succ_pred_iff_is_succ theorem succ_lt_of_not_succ {o b : Ordinal} (h : ¬∃ a, o = succ a) : succ b < o ↔ b < o := ⟨(lt_succ b).trans, fun l => lt_of_le_of_ne (succ_le_of_lt l) fun e => h ⟨_, e.symm⟩⟩ #align ordinal.succ_lt_of_not_succ Ordinal.succ_lt_of_not_succ theorem lt_pred {a b} : a < pred b ↔ succ a < b := if h : ∃ a, b = succ a then by let ⟨c, e⟩ := h rw [e, pred_succ, succ_lt_succ_iff] else by simp only [pred, dif_neg h, succ_lt_of_not_succ h] #align ordinal.lt_pred Ordinal.lt_pred theorem pred_le {a b} : pred a ≤ b ↔ a ≤ succ b := le_iff_le_iff_lt_iff_lt.2 lt_pred #align ordinal.pred_le Ordinal.pred_le @[simp] theorem lift_is_succ {o : Ordinal.{v}} : (∃ a, lift.{u} o = succ a) ↔ ∃ a, o = succ a := ⟨fun ⟨a, h⟩ => let ⟨b, e⟩ := lift_down <| show a ≤ lift.{u} o from le_of_lt <| h.symm ▸ lt_succ a ⟨b, lift_inj.1 <| by rw [h, ← e, lift_succ]⟩, fun ⟨a, h⟩ => ⟨lift.{u} a, by simp only [h, lift_succ]⟩⟩ #align ordinal.lift_is_succ Ordinal.lift_is_succ @[simp] theorem lift_pred (o : Ordinal.{v}) : lift.{u} (pred o) = pred (lift.{u} o) := if h : ∃ a, o = succ a then by cases' h with a e; simp only [e, pred_succ, lift_succ] else by rw [pred_eq_iff_not_succ.2 h, pred_eq_iff_not_succ.2 (mt lift_is_succ.1 h)] #align ordinal.lift_pred Ordinal.lift_pred def IsLimit (o : Ordinal) : Prop := o ≠ 0 ∧ ∀ a < o, succ a < o #align ordinal.is_limit Ordinal.IsLimit theorem IsLimit.isSuccLimit {o} (h : IsLimit o) : IsSuccLimit o := isSuccLimit_iff_succ_lt.mpr h.2 theorem IsLimit.succ_lt {o a : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit o) : a < o → succ a < o := h.2 a #align ordinal.is_limit.succ_lt Ordinal.IsLimit.succ_lt theorem isSuccLimit_zero : IsSuccLimit (0 : Ordinal) := isSuccLimit_bot theorem not_zero_isLimit : ¬IsLimit 0 | ⟨h, _⟩ => h rfl #align ordinal.not_zero_is_limit Ordinal.not_zero_isLimit theorem not_succ_isLimit (o) : ¬IsLimit (succ o) | ⟨_, h⟩ => lt_irrefl _ (h _ (lt_succ o)) #align ordinal.not_succ_is_limit Ordinal.not_succ_isLimit theorem not_succ_of_isLimit {o} (h : IsLimit o) : ¬∃ a, o = succ a | ⟨a, e⟩ => not_succ_isLimit a (e ▸ h) #align ordinal.not_succ_of_is_limit Ordinal.not_succ_of_isLimit theorem succ_lt_of_isLimit {o a : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit o) : succ a < o ↔ a < o := ⟨(lt_succ a).trans, h.2 _⟩ #align ordinal.succ_lt_of_is_limit Ordinal.succ_lt_of_isLimit theorem le_succ_of_isLimit {o} (h : IsLimit o) {a} : o ≤ succ a ↔ o ≤ a := le_iff_le_iff_lt_iff_lt.2 <| succ_lt_of_isLimit h #align ordinal.le_succ_of_is_limit Ordinal.le_succ_of_isLimit theorem limit_le {o} (h : IsLimit o) {a} : o ≤ a ↔ ∀ x < o, x ≤ a := ⟨fun h _x l => l.le.trans h, fun H => (le_succ_of_isLimit h).1 <| le_of_not_lt fun hn => not_lt_of_le (H _ hn) (lt_succ a)⟩ #align ordinal.limit_le Ordinal.limit_le theorem lt_limit {o} (h : IsLimit o) {a} : a < o ↔ ∃ x < o, a < x := by -- Porting note: `bex_def` is required. simpa only [not_forall₂, not_le, bex_def] using not_congr (@limit_le _ h a) #align ordinal.lt_limit Ordinal.lt_limit @[simp] theorem lift_isLimit (o) : IsLimit (lift o) ↔ IsLimit o := and_congr (not_congr <| by simpa only [lift_zero] using @lift_inj o 0) ⟨fun H a h => lift_lt.1 <| by simpa only [lift_succ] using H _ (lift_lt.2 h), fun H a h => by obtain ⟨a', rfl⟩ := lift_down h.le rw [← lift_succ, lift_lt] exact H a' (lift_lt.1 h)⟩ #align ordinal.lift_is_limit Ordinal.lift_isLimit theorem IsLimit.pos {o : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit o) : 0 < o := lt_of_le_of_ne (Ordinal.zero_le _) h.1.symm #align ordinal.is_limit.pos Ordinal.IsLimit.pos theorem IsLimit.one_lt {o : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit o) : 1 < o := by simpa only [succ_zero] using h.2 _ h.pos #align ordinal.is_limit.one_lt Ordinal.IsLimit.one_lt theorem IsLimit.nat_lt {o : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit o) : ∀ n : ℕ, (n : Ordinal) < o | 0 => h.pos | n + 1 => h.2 _ (IsLimit.nat_lt h n) #align ordinal.is_limit.nat_lt Ordinal.IsLimit.nat_lt theorem zero_or_succ_or_limit (o : Ordinal) : o = 0 ∨ (∃ a, o = succ a) ∨ IsLimit o := if o0 : o = 0 then Or.inl o0 else if h : ∃ a, o = succ a then Or.inr (Or.inl h) else Or.inr <| Or.inr ⟨o0, fun _a => (succ_lt_of_not_succ h).2⟩ #align ordinal.zero_or_succ_or_limit Ordinal.zero_or_succ_or_limit @[elab_as_elim] def limitRecOn {C : Ordinal → Sort*} (o : Ordinal) (H₁ : C 0) (H₂ : ∀ o, C o → C (succ o)) (H₃ : ∀ o, IsLimit o → (∀ o' < o, C o') → C o) : C o := SuccOrder.limitRecOn o (fun o _ ↦ H₂ o) fun o hl ↦ if h : o = 0 then fun _ ↦ h ▸ H₁ else H₃ o ⟨h, fun _ ↦ hl.succ_lt⟩ #align ordinal.limit_rec_on Ordinal.limitRecOn @[simp] theorem limitRecOn_zero {C} (H₁ H₂ H₃) : @limitRecOn C 0 H₁ H₂ H₃ = H₁ := by rw [limitRecOn, SuccOrder.limitRecOn_limit _ _ isSuccLimit_zero, dif_pos rfl] #align ordinal.limit_rec_on_zero Ordinal.limitRecOn_zero @[simp] theorem limitRecOn_succ {C} (o H₁ H₂ H₃) : @limitRecOn C (succ o) H₁ H₂ H₃ = H₂ o (@limitRecOn C o H₁ H₂ H₃) := by simp_rw [limitRecOn, SuccOrder.limitRecOn_succ _ _ (not_isMax _)] #align ordinal.limit_rec_on_succ Ordinal.limitRecOn_succ @[simp] theorem limitRecOn_limit {C} (o H₁ H₂ H₃ h) : @limitRecOn C o H₁ H₂ H₃ = H₃ o h fun x _h => @limitRecOn C x H₁ H₂ H₃ := by simp_rw [limitRecOn, SuccOrder.limitRecOn_limit _ _ h.isSuccLimit, dif_neg h.1] #align ordinal.limit_rec_on_limit Ordinal.limitRecOn_limit instance orderTopOutSucc (o : Ordinal) : OrderTop (succ o).out.α := @OrderTop.mk _ _ (Top.mk _) le_enum_succ #align ordinal.order_top_out_succ Ordinal.orderTopOutSucc theorem enum_succ_eq_top {o : Ordinal} : enum (· < ·) o (by rw [type_lt] exact lt_succ o) = (⊤ : (succ o).out.α) := rfl #align ordinal.enum_succ_eq_top Ordinal.enum_succ_eq_top theorem has_succ_of_type_succ_lt {α} {r : α → α → Prop} [wo : IsWellOrder α r] (h : ∀ a < type r, succ a < type r) (x : α) : ∃ y, r x y := by use enum r (succ (typein r x)) (h _ (typein_lt_type r x)) convert (enum_lt_enum (typein_lt_type r x) (h _ (typein_lt_type r x))).mpr (lt_succ _); rw [enum_typein] #align ordinal.has_succ_of_type_succ_lt Ordinal.has_succ_of_type_succ_lt theorem out_no_max_of_succ_lt {o : Ordinal} (ho : ∀ a < o, succ a < o) : NoMaxOrder o.out.α := ⟨has_succ_of_type_succ_lt (by rwa [type_lt])⟩ #align ordinal.out_no_max_of_succ_lt Ordinal.out_no_max_of_succ_lt theorem bounded_singleton {r : α → α → Prop} [IsWellOrder α r] (hr : (type r).IsLimit) (x) : Bounded r {x} := by refine ⟨enum r (succ (typein r x)) (hr.2 _ (typein_lt_type r x)), ?_⟩ intro b hb rw [mem_singleton_iff.1 hb] nth_rw 1 [← enum_typein r x] rw [@enum_lt_enum _ r] apply lt_succ #align ordinal.bounded_singleton Ordinal.bounded_singleton -- Porting note: `· < ·` requires a type ascription for an `IsWellOrder` instance. theorem type_subrel_lt (o : Ordinal.{u}) : type (Subrel ((· < ·) : Ordinal → Ordinal → Prop) { o' : Ordinal | o' < o }) = Ordinal.lift.{u + 1} o := by refine Quotient.inductionOn o ?_ rintro ⟨α, r, wo⟩; apply Quotient.sound -- Porting note: `symm; refine' [term]` → `refine' [term].symm` constructor; refine ((RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift r).trans (enumIso r).symm).symm #align ordinal.type_subrel_lt Ordinal.type_subrel_lt theorem mk_initialSeg (o : Ordinal.{u}) : #{ o' : Ordinal | o' < o } = Cardinal.lift.{u + 1} o.card := by rw [lift_card, ← type_subrel_lt, card_type] #align ordinal.mk_initial_seg Ordinal.mk_initialSeg def IsNormal (f : Ordinal → Ordinal) : Prop := (∀ o, f o < f (succ o)) ∧ ∀ o, IsLimit o → ∀ a, f o ≤ a ↔ ∀ b < o, f b ≤ a #align ordinal.is_normal Ordinal.IsNormal theorem IsNormal.limit_le {f} (H : IsNormal f) : ∀ {o}, IsLimit o → ∀ {a}, f o ≤ a ↔ ∀ b < o, f b ≤ a := @H.2 #align ordinal.is_normal.limit_le Ordinal.IsNormal.limit_le theorem IsNormal.limit_lt {f} (H : IsNormal f) {o} (h : IsLimit o) {a} : a < f o ↔ ∃ b < o, a < f b := not_iff_not.1 <| by simpa only [exists_prop, not_exists, not_and, not_lt] using H.2 _ h a #align ordinal.is_normal.limit_lt Ordinal.IsNormal.limit_lt theorem IsNormal.strictMono {f} (H : IsNormal f) : StrictMono f := fun a b => limitRecOn b (Not.elim (not_lt_of_le <| Ordinal.zero_le _)) (fun _b IH h => (lt_or_eq_of_le (le_of_lt_succ h)).elim (fun h => (IH h).trans (H.1 _)) fun e => e ▸ H.1 _) fun _b l _IH h => lt_of_lt_of_le (H.1 a) ((H.2 _ l _).1 le_rfl _ (l.2 _ h)) #align ordinal.is_normal.strict_mono Ordinal.IsNormal.strictMono theorem IsNormal.monotone {f} (H : IsNormal f) : Monotone f := H.strictMono.monotone #align ordinal.is_normal.monotone Ordinal.IsNormal.monotone theorem isNormal_iff_strictMono_limit (f : Ordinal → Ordinal) : IsNormal f ↔ StrictMono f ∧ ∀ o, IsLimit o → ∀ a, (∀ b < o, f b ≤ a) → f o ≤ a := ⟨fun hf => ⟨hf.strictMono, fun a ha c => (hf.2 a ha c).2⟩, fun ⟨hs, hl⟩ => ⟨fun a => hs (lt_succ a), fun a ha c => ⟨fun hac _b hba => ((hs hba).trans_le hac).le, hl a ha c⟩⟩⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal_iff_strict_mono_limit Ordinal.isNormal_iff_strictMono_limit theorem IsNormal.lt_iff {f} (H : IsNormal f) {a b} : f a < f b ↔ a < b := StrictMono.lt_iff_lt <| H.strictMono #align ordinal.is_normal.lt_iff Ordinal.IsNormal.lt_iff theorem IsNormal.le_iff {f} (H : IsNormal f) {a b} : f a ≤ f b ↔ a ≤ b := le_iff_le_iff_lt_iff_lt.2 H.lt_iff #align ordinal.is_normal.le_iff Ordinal.IsNormal.le_iff theorem IsNormal.inj {f} (H : IsNormal f) {a b} : f a = f b ↔ a = b := by simp only [le_antisymm_iff, H.le_iff] #align ordinal.is_normal.inj Ordinal.IsNormal.inj theorem IsNormal.self_le {f} (H : IsNormal f) (a) : a ≤ f a := lt_wf.self_le_of_strictMono H.strictMono a #align ordinal.is_normal.self_le Ordinal.IsNormal.self_le theorem IsNormal.le_set {f o} (H : IsNormal f) (p : Set Ordinal) (p0 : p.Nonempty) (b) (H₂ : ∀ o, b ≤ o ↔ ∀ a ∈ p, a ≤ o) : f b ≤ o ↔ ∀ a ∈ p, f a ≤ o := ⟨fun h a pa => (H.le_iff.2 ((H₂ _).1 le_rfl _ pa)).trans h, fun h => by -- Porting note: `refine'` didn't work well so `induction` is used induction b using limitRecOn with | H₁ => cases' p0 with x px have := Ordinal.le_zero.1 ((H₂ _).1 (Ordinal.zero_le _) _ px) rw [this] at px exact h _ px | H₂ S _ => rcases not_forall₂.1 (mt (H₂ S).2 <| (lt_succ S).not_le) with ⟨a, h₁, h₂⟩ exact (H.le_iff.2 <| succ_le_of_lt <| not_le.1 h₂).trans (h _ h₁) | H₃ S L _ => refine (H.2 _ L _).2 fun a h' => ?_ rcases not_forall₂.1 (mt (H₂ a).2 h'.not_le) with ⟨b, h₁, h₂⟩ exact (H.le_iff.2 <| (not_le.1 h₂).le).trans (h _ h₁)⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal.le_set Ordinal.IsNormal.le_set theorem IsNormal.le_set' {f o} (H : IsNormal f) (p : Set α) (p0 : p.Nonempty) (g : α → Ordinal) (b) (H₂ : ∀ o, b ≤ o ↔ ∀ a ∈ p, g a ≤ o) : f b ≤ o ↔ ∀ a ∈ p, f (g a) ≤ o := by simpa [H₂] using H.le_set (g '' p) (p0.image g) b #align ordinal.is_normal.le_set' Ordinal.IsNormal.le_set' theorem IsNormal.refl : IsNormal id := ⟨lt_succ, fun _o l _a => Ordinal.limit_le l⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal.refl Ordinal.IsNormal.refl theorem IsNormal.trans {f g} (H₁ : IsNormal f) (H₂ : IsNormal g) : IsNormal (f ∘ g) := ⟨fun _x => H₁.lt_iff.2 (H₂.1 _), fun o l _a => H₁.le_set' (· < o) ⟨0, l.pos⟩ g _ fun _c => H₂.2 _ l _⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal.trans Ordinal.IsNormal.trans theorem IsNormal.isLimit {f} (H : IsNormal f) {o} (l : IsLimit o) : IsLimit (f o) := ⟨ne_of_gt <| (Ordinal.zero_le _).trans_lt <| H.lt_iff.2 l.pos, fun _ h => let ⟨_b, h₁, h₂⟩ := (H.limit_lt l).1 h (succ_le_of_lt h₂).trans_lt (H.lt_iff.2 h₁)⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal.is_limit Ordinal.IsNormal.isLimit theorem IsNormal.le_iff_eq {f} (H : IsNormal f) {a} : f a ≤ a ↔ f a = a := (H.self_le a).le_iff_eq #align ordinal.is_normal.le_iff_eq Ordinal.IsNormal.le_iff_eq theorem add_le_of_limit {a b c : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit b) : a + b ≤ c ↔ ∀ b' < b, a + b' ≤ c := ⟨fun h b' l => (add_le_add_left l.le _).trans h, fun H => le_of_not_lt <| by -- Porting note: `induction` tactics are required because of the parser bug. induction a using inductionOn with | H α r => induction b using inductionOn with | H β s => intro l suffices ∀ x : β, Sum.Lex r s (Sum.inr x) (enum _ _ l) by -- Porting note: `revert` & `intro` is required because `cases'` doesn't replace -- `enum _ _ l` in `this`. revert this; cases' enum _ _ l with x x <;> intro this · cases this (enum s 0 h.pos) · exact irrefl _ (this _) intro x rw [← typein_lt_typein (Sum.Lex r s), typein_enum] have := H _ (h.2 _ (typein_lt_type s x)) rw [add_succ, succ_le_iff] at this refine (RelEmbedding.ofMonotone (fun a => ?_) fun a b => ?_).ordinal_type_le.trans_lt this · rcases a with ⟨a | b, h⟩ · exact Sum.inl a · exact Sum.inr ⟨b, by cases h; assumption⟩ · rcases a with ⟨a | a, h₁⟩ <;> rcases b with ⟨b | b, h₂⟩ <;> cases h₁ <;> cases h₂ <;> rintro ⟨⟩ <;> constructor <;> assumption⟩ #align ordinal.add_le_of_limit Ordinal.add_le_of_limit theorem add_isNormal (a : Ordinal) : IsNormal (a + ·) := ⟨fun b => (add_lt_add_iff_left a).2 (lt_succ b), fun _b l _c => add_le_of_limit l⟩ #align ordinal.add_is_normal Ordinal.add_isNormal theorem add_isLimit (a) {b} : IsLimit b → IsLimit (a + b) := (add_isNormal a).isLimit #align ordinal.add_is_limit Ordinal.add_isLimit alias IsLimit.add := add_isLimit #align ordinal.is_limit.add Ordinal.IsLimit.add theorem sub_nonempty {a b : Ordinal} : { o | a ≤ b + o }.Nonempty := ⟨a, le_add_left _ _⟩ #align ordinal.sub_nonempty Ordinal.sub_nonempty instance sub : Sub Ordinal := ⟨fun a b => sInf { o | a ≤ b + o }⟩ theorem le_add_sub (a b : Ordinal) : a ≤ b + (a - b) := csInf_mem sub_nonempty #align ordinal.le_add_sub Ordinal.le_add_sub theorem sub_le {a b c : Ordinal} : a - b ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b + c := ⟨fun h => (le_add_sub a b).trans (add_le_add_left h _), fun h => csInf_le' h⟩ #align ordinal.sub_le Ordinal.sub_le theorem lt_sub {a b c : Ordinal} : a < b - c ↔ c + a < b := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le sub_le #align ordinal.lt_sub Ordinal.lt_sub theorem add_sub_cancel (a b : Ordinal) : a + b - a = b := le_antisymm (sub_le.2 <| le_rfl) ((add_le_add_iff_left a).1 <| le_add_sub _ _) #align ordinal.add_sub_cancel Ordinal.add_sub_cancel theorem sub_eq_of_add_eq {a b c : Ordinal} (h : a + b = c) : c - a = b := h ▸ add_sub_cancel _ _ #align ordinal.sub_eq_of_add_eq Ordinal.sub_eq_of_add_eq theorem sub_le_self (a b : Ordinal) : a - b ≤ a := sub_le.2 <| le_add_left _ _ #align ordinal.sub_le_self Ordinal.sub_le_self protected theorem add_sub_cancel_of_le {a b : Ordinal} (h : b ≤ a) : b + (a - b) = a := (le_add_sub a b).antisymm' (by rcases zero_or_succ_or_limit (a - b) with (e | ⟨c, e⟩ | l) · simp only [e, add_zero, h] · rw [e, add_succ, succ_le_iff, ← lt_sub, e] exact lt_succ c · exact (add_le_of_limit l).2 fun c l => (lt_sub.1 l).le) #align ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le theorem le_sub_of_le {a b c : Ordinal} (h : b ≤ a) : c ≤ a - b ↔ b + c ≤ a := by rw [← add_le_add_iff_left b, Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le h] #align ordinal.le_sub_of_le Ordinal.le_sub_of_le theorem sub_lt_of_le {a b c : Ordinal} (h : b ≤ a) : a - b < c ↔ a < b + c := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le (le_sub_of_le h) #align ordinal.sub_lt_of_le Ordinal.sub_lt_of_le instance existsAddOfLE : ExistsAddOfLE Ordinal := ⟨fun h => ⟨_, (Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le h).symm⟩⟩ @[simp] theorem sub_zero (a : Ordinal) : a - 0 = a := by simpa only [zero_add] using add_sub_cancel 0 a #align ordinal.sub_zero Ordinal.sub_zero @[simp] theorem zero_sub (a : Ordinal) : 0 - a = 0 := by rw [← Ordinal.le_zero]; apply sub_le_self #align ordinal.zero_sub Ordinal.zero_sub @[simp] theorem sub_self (a : Ordinal) : a - a = 0 := by simpa only [add_zero] using add_sub_cancel a 0 #align ordinal.sub_self Ordinal.sub_self protected theorem sub_eq_zero_iff_le {a b : Ordinal} : a - b = 0 ↔ a ≤ b := ⟨fun h => by simpa only [h, add_zero] using le_add_sub a b, fun h => by rwa [← Ordinal.le_zero, sub_le, add_zero]⟩ #align ordinal.sub_eq_zero_iff_le Ordinal.sub_eq_zero_iff_le theorem sub_sub (a b c : Ordinal) : a - b - c = a - (b + c) := eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun d => by rw [sub_le, sub_le, sub_le, add_assoc] #align ordinal.sub_sub Ordinal.sub_sub @[simp] theorem add_sub_add_cancel (a b c : Ordinal) : a + b - (a + c) = b - c := by rw [← sub_sub, add_sub_cancel] #align ordinal.add_sub_add_cancel Ordinal.add_sub_add_cancel theorem sub_isLimit {a b} (l : IsLimit a) (h : b < a) : IsLimit (a - b) := ⟨ne_of_gt <| lt_sub.2 <| by rwa [add_zero], fun c h => by rw [lt_sub, add_succ]; exact l.2 _ (lt_sub.1 h)⟩ #align ordinal.sub_is_limit Ordinal.sub_isLimit -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this theorem one_add_omega : 1 + ω = ω := by refine le_antisymm ?_ (le_add_left _ _) rw [omega, ← lift_one.{_, 0}, ← lift_add, lift_le, ← type_unit, ← type_sum_lex] refine ⟨RelEmbedding.collapse (RelEmbedding.ofMonotone ?_ ?_)⟩ · apply Sum.rec · exact fun _ => 0 · exact Nat.succ · intro a b cases a <;> cases b <;> intro H <;> cases' H with _ _ H _ _ H <;> [exact H.elim; exact Nat.succ_pos _; exact Nat.succ_lt_succ H] #align ordinal.one_add_omega Ordinal.one_add_omega @[simp] theorem one_add_of_omega_le {o} (h : ω ≤ o) : 1 + o = o := by rw [← Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le h, ← add_assoc, one_add_omega] #align ordinal.one_add_of_omega_le Ordinal.one_add_of_omega_le instance monoid : Monoid Ordinal.{u} where mul a b := Quotient.liftOn₂ a b (fun ⟨α, r, wo⟩ ⟨β, s, wo'⟩ => ⟦⟨β × α, Prod.Lex s r, inferInstance⟩⟧ : WellOrder → WellOrder → Ordinal) fun ⟨α₁, r₁, o₁⟩ ⟨α₂, r₂, o₂⟩ ⟨β₁, s₁, p₁⟩ ⟨β₂, s₂, p₂⟩ ⟨f⟩ ⟨g⟩ => Quot.sound ⟨RelIso.prodLexCongr g f⟩ one := 1 mul_assoc a b c := Quotient.inductionOn₃ a b c fun ⟨α, r, _⟩ ⟨β, s, _⟩ ⟨γ, t, _⟩ => Eq.symm <| Quotient.sound ⟨⟨prodAssoc _ _ _, @fun a b => by rcases a with ⟨⟨a₁, a₂⟩, a₃⟩ rcases b with ⟨⟨b₁, b₂⟩, b₃⟩ simp [Prod.lex_def, and_or_left, or_assoc, and_assoc]⟩⟩ mul_one a := inductionOn a fun α r _ => Quotient.sound ⟨⟨punitProd _, @fun a b => by rcases a with ⟨⟨⟨⟩⟩, a⟩; rcases b with ⟨⟨⟨⟩⟩, b⟩ simp only [Prod.lex_def, EmptyRelation, false_or_iff] simp only [eq_self_iff_true, true_and_iff] rfl⟩⟩ one_mul a := inductionOn a fun α r _ => Quotient.sound ⟨⟨prodPUnit _, @fun a b => by rcases a with ⟨a, ⟨⟨⟩⟩⟩; rcases b with ⟨b, ⟨⟨⟩⟩⟩ simp only [Prod.lex_def, EmptyRelation, and_false_iff, or_false_iff] rfl⟩⟩ @[simp] theorem type_prod_lex {α β : Type u} (r : α → α → Prop) (s : β → β → Prop) [IsWellOrder α r] [IsWellOrder β s] : type (Prod.Lex s r) = type r * type s := rfl #align ordinal.type_prod_lex Ordinal.type_prod_lex private theorem mul_eq_zero' {a b : Ordinal} : a * b = 0 ↔ a = 0 ∨ b = 0 := inductionOn a fun α _ _ => inductionOn b fun β _ _ => by simp_rw [← type_prod_lex, type_eq_zero_iff_isEmpty] rw [or_comm] exact isEmpty_prod instance monoidWithZero : MonoidWithZero Ordinal := { Ordinal.monoid with zero := 0 mul_zero := fun _a => mul_eq_zero'.2 <| Or.inr rfl zero_mul := fun _a => mul_eq_zero'.2 <| Or.inl rfl } instance noZeroDivisors : NoZeroDivisors Ordinal := ⟨fun {_ _} => mul_eq_zero'.1⟩ @[simp] theorem lift_mul (a b : Ordinal.{v}) : lift.{u} (a * b) = lift.{u} a * lift.{u} b := Quotient.inductionOn₂ a b fun ⟨_α, _r, _⟩ ⟨_β, _s, _⟩ => Quotient.sound ⟨(RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _).trans (RelIso.prodLexCongr (RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _) (RelIso.preimage Equiv.ulift _)).symm⟩ #align ordinal.lift_mul Ordinal.lift_mul @[simp] theorem card_mul (a b) : card (a * b) = card a * card b := Quotient.inductionOn₂ a b fun ⟨α, _r, _⟩ ⟨β, _s, _⟩ => mul_comm #β #α #align ordinal.card_mul Ordinal.card_mul instance leftDistribClass : LeftDistribClass Ordinal.{u} := ⟨fun a b c => Quotient.inductionOn₃ a b c fun ⟨α, r, _⟩ ⟨β, s, _⟩ ⟨γ, t, _⟩ => Quotient.sound ⟨⟨sumProdDistrib _ _ _, by rintro ⟨a₁ | a₁, a₂⟩ ⟨b₁ | b₁, b₂⟩ <;> simp only [Prod.lex_def, Sum.lex_inl_inl, Sum.Lex.sep, Sum.lex_inr_inl, Sum.lex_inr_inr, sumProdDistrib_apply_left, sumProdDistrib_apply_right] <;> -- Porting note: `Sum.inr.inj_iff` is required. simp only [Sum.inl.inj_iff, Sum.inr.inj_iff, true_or_iff, false_and_iff, false_or_iff]⟩⟩⟩ theorem mul_succ (a b : Ordinal) : a * succ b = a * b + a := mul_add_one a b #align ordinal.mul_succ Ordinal.mul_succ instance mul_covariantClass_le : CovariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· * ·) (· ≤ ·) := ⟨fun c a b => Quotient.inductionOn₃ a b c fun ⟨α, r, _⟩ ⟨β, s, _⟩ ⟨γ, t, _⟩ ⟨f⟩ => by refine (RelEmbedding.ofMonotone (fun a : α × γ => (f a.1, a.2)) fun a b h => ?_).ordinal_type_le cases' h with a₁ b₁ a₂ b₂ h' a b₁ b₂ h' · exact Prod.Lex.left _ _ (f.toRelEmbedding.map_rel_iff.2 h') · exact Prod.Lex.right _ h'⟩ #align ordinal.mul_covariant_class_le Ordinal.mul_covariantClass_le instance mul_swap_covariantClass_le : CovariantClass Ordinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (swap (· * ·)) (· ≤ ·) := ⟨fun c a b => Quotient.inductionOn₃ a b c fun ⟨α, r, _⟩ ⟨β, s, _⟩ ⟨γ, t, _⟩ ⟨f⟩ => by refine (RelEmbedding.ofMonotone (fun a : γ × α => (a.1, f a.2)) fun a b h => ?_).ordinal_type_le cases' h with a₁ b₁ a₂ b₂ h' a b₁ b₂ h' · exact Prod.Lex.left _ _ h' · exact Prod.Lex.right _ (f.toRelEmbedding.map_rel_iff.2 h')⟩ #align ordinal.mul_swap_covariant_class_le Ordinal.mul_swap_covariantClass_le theorem le_mul_left (a : Ordinal) {b : Ordinal} (hb : 0 < b) : a ≤ a * b := by convert mul_le_mul_left' (one_le_iff_pos.2 hb) a rw [mul_one a] #align ordinal.le_mul_left Ordinal.le_mul_left theorem le_mul_right (a : Ordinal) {b : Ordinal} (hb : 0 < b) : a ≤ b * a := by convert mul_le_mul_right' (one_le_iff_pos.2 hb) a rw [one_mul a] #align ordinal.le_mul_right Ordinal.le_mul_right private theorem mul_le_of_limit_aux {α β r s} [IsWellOrder α r] [IsWellOrder β s] {c} (h : IsLimit (type s)) (H : ∀ b' < type s, type r * b' ≤ c) (l : c < type r * type s) : False := by suffices ∀ a b, Prod.Lex s r (b, a) (enum _ _ l) by cases' enum _ _ l with b a exact irrefl _ (this _ _) intro a b rw [← typein_lt_typein (Prod.Lex s r), typein_enum] have := H _ (h.2 _ (typein_lt_type s b)) rw [mul_succ] at this have := ((add_lt_add_iff_left _).2 (typein_lt_type _ a)).trans_le this refine (RelEmbedding.ofMonotone (fun a => ?_) fun a b => ?_).ordinal_type_le.trans_lt this · rcases a with ⟨⟨b', a'⟩, h⟩ by_cases e : b = b' · refine Sum.inr ⟨a', ?_⟩ subst e cases' h with _ _ _ _ h _ _ _ h · exact (irrefl _ h).elim · exact h · refine Sum.inl (⟨b', ?_⟩, a') cases' h with _ _ _ _ h _ _ _ h · exact h · exact (e rfl).elim · rcases a with ⟨⟨b₁, a₁⟩, h₁⟩ rcases b with ⟨⟨b₂, a₂⟩, h₂⟩ intro h by_cases e₁ : b = b₁ <;> by_cases e₂ : b = b₂ · substs b₁ b₂ simpa only [subrel_val, Prod.lex_def, @irrefl _ s _ b, true_and_iff, false_or_iff, eq_self_iff_true, dif_pos, Sum.lex_inr_inr] using h · subst b₁ simp only [subrel_val, Prod.lex_def, e₂, Prod.lex_def, dif_pos, subrel_val, eq_self_iff_true, or_false_iff, dif_neg, not_false_iff, Sum.lex_inr_inl, false_and_iff] at h ⊢ cases' h₂ with _ _ _ _ h₂_h h₂_h <;> [exact asymm h h₂_h; exact e₂ rfl] -- Porting note: `cc` hadn't ported yet. · simp [e₂, dif_neg e₁, show b₂ ≠ b₁ from e₂ ▸ e₁] · simpa only [dif_neg e₁, dif_neg e₂, Prod.lex_def, subrel_val, Subtype.mk_eq_mk, Sum.lex_inl_inl] using h theorem mul_le_of_limit {a b c : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit b) : a * b ≤ c ↔ ∀ b' < b, a * b' ≤ c := ⟨fun h b' l => (mul_le_mul_left' l.le _).trans h, fun H => -- Porting note: `induction` tactics are required because of the parser bug. le_of_not_lt <| by induction a using inductionOn with | H α r => induction b using inductionOn with | H β s => exact mul_le_of_limit_aux h H⟩ #align ordinal.mul_le_of_limit Ordinal.mul_le_of_limit theorem mul_isNormal {a : Ordinal} (h : 0 < a) : IsNormal (a * ·) := -- Porting note(#12129): additional beta reduction needed ⟨fun b => by beta_reduce rw [mul_succ] simpa only [add_zero] using (add_lt_add_iff_left (a * b)).2 h, fun b l c => mul_le_of_limit l⟩ #align ordinal.mul_is_normal Ordinal.mul_isNormal theorem lt_mul_of_limit {a b c : Ordinal} (h : IsLimit c) : a < b * c ↔ ∃ c' < c, a < b * c' := by -- Porting note: `bex_def` is required. simpa only [not_forall₂, not_le, bex_def] using not_congr (@mul_le_of_limit b c a h) #align ordinal.lt_mul_of_limit Ordinal.lt_mul_of_limit theorem mul_lt_mul_iff_left {a b c : Ordinal} (a0 : 0 < a) : a * b < a * c ↔ b < c := (mul_isNormal a0).lt_iff #align ordinal.mul_lt_mul_iff_left Ordinal.mul_lt_mul_iff_left theorem mul_le_mul_iff_left {a b c : Ordinal} (a0 : 0 < a) : a * b ≤ a * c ↔ b ≤ c := (mul_isNormal a0).le_iff #align ordinal.mul_le_mul_iff_left Ordinal.mul_le_mul_iff_left theorem mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left {a b c : Ordinal} (h : a < b) (c0 : 0 < c) : c * a < c * b := (mul_lt_mul_iff_left c0).2 h #align ordinal.mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left Ordinal.mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left theorem mul_pos {a b : Ordinal} (h₁ : 0 < a) (h₂ : 0 < b) : 0 < a * b := by simpa only [mul_zero] using mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left h₂ h₁ #align ordinal.mul_pos Ordinal.mul_pos theorem mul_ne_zero {a b : Ordinal} : a ≠ 0 → b ≠ 0 → a * b ≠ 0 := by simpa only [Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero] using mul_pos #align ordinal.mul_ne_zero Ordinal.mul_ne_zero theorem le_of_mul_le_mul_left {a b c : Ordinal} (h : c * a ≤ c * b) (h0 : 0 < c) : a ≤ b := le_imp_le_of_lt_imp_lt (fun h' => mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left h' h0) h #align ordinal.le_of_mul_le_mul_left Ordinal.le_of_mul_le_mul_left theorem mul_right_inj {a b c : Ordinal} (a0 : 0 < a) : a * b = a * c ↔ b = c := (mul_isNormal a0).inj #align ordinal.mul_right_inj Ordinal.mul_right_inj theorem mul_isLimit {a b : Ordinal} (a0 : 0 < a) : IsLimit b → IsLimit (a * b) := (mul_isNormal a0).isLimit #align ordinal.mul_is_limit Ordinal.mul_isLimit theorem mul_isLimit_left {a b : Ordinal} (l : IsLimit a) (b0 : 0 < b) : IsLimit (a * b) := by rcases zero_or_succ_or_limit b with (rfl | ⟨b, rfl⟩ | lb) · exact b0.false.elim · rw [mul_succ] exact add_isLimit _ l · exact mul_isLimit l.pos lb #align ordinal.mul_is_limit_left Ordinal.mul_isLimit_left theorem smul_eq_mul : ∀ (n : ℕ) (a : Ordinal), n • a = a * n | 0, a => by rw [zero_nsmul, Nat.cast_zero, mul_zero] | n + 1, a => by rw [succ_nsmul, Nat.cast_add, mul_add, Nat.cast_one, mul_one, smul_eq_mul n] #align ordinal.smul_eq_mul Ordinal.smul_eq_mul theorem div_nonempty {a b : Ordinal} (h : b ≠ 0) : { o | a < b * succ o }.Nonempty := ⟨a, (succ_le_iff (a := a) (b := b * succ a)).1 <| by simpa only [succ_zero, one_mul] using mul_le_mul_right' (succ_le_of_lt (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 h)) (succ a)⟩ #align ordinal.div_nonempty Ordinal.div_nonempty instance div : Div Ordinal := ⟨fun a b => if _h : b = 0 then 0 else sInf { o | a < b * succ o }⟩ @[simp] theorem div_zero (a : Ordinal) : a / 0 = 0 := dif_pos rfl #align ordinal.div_zero Ordinal.div_zero theorem div_def (a) {b : Ordinal} (h : b ≠ 0) : a / b = sInf { o | a < b * succ o } := dif_neg h #align ordinal.div_def Ordinal.div_def theorem lt_mul_succ_div (a) {b : Ordinal} (h : b ≠ 0) : a < b * succ (a / b) := by rw [div_def a h]; exact csInf_mem (div_nonempty h) #align ordinal.lt_mul_succ_div Ordinal.lt_mul_succ_div theorem lt_mul_div_add (a) {b : Ordinal} (h : b ≠ 0) : a < b * (a / b) + b := by simpa only [mul_succ] using lt_mul_succ_div a h #align ordinal.lt_mul_div_add Ordinal.lt_mul_div_add theorem div_le {a b c : Ordinal} (b0 : b ≠ 0) : a / b ≤ c ↔ a < b * succ c := ⟨fun h => (lt_mul_succ_div a b0).trans_le (mul_le_mul_left' (succ_le_succ_iff.2 h) _), fun h => by rw [div_def a b0]; exact csInf_le' h⟩ #align ordinal.div_le Ordinal.div_le theorem lt_div {a b c : Ordinal} (h : c ≠ 0) : a < b / c ↔ c * succ a ≤ b := by rw [← not_le, div_le h, not_lt] #align ordinal.lt_div Ordinal.lt_div theorem div_pos {b c : Ordinal} (h : c ≠ 0) : 0 < b / c ↔ c ≤ b := by simp [lt_div h] #align ordinal.div_pos Ordinal.div_pos theorem le_div {a b c : Ordinal} (c0 : c ≠ 0) : a ≤ b / c ↔ c * a ≤ b := by induction a using limitRecOn with | H₁ => simp only [mul_zero, Ordinal.zero_le] | H₂ _ _ => rw [succ_le_iff, lt_div c0] | H₃ _ h₁ h₂ => revert h₁ h₂ simp (config := { contextual := true }) only [mul_le_of_limit, limit_le, iff_self_iff, forall_true_iff] #align ordinal.le_div Ordinal.le_div theorem div_lt {a b c : Ordinal} (b0 : b ≠ 0) : a / b < c ↔ a < b * c := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le <| le_div b0 #align ordinal.div_lt Ordinal.div_lt theorem div_le_of_le_mul {a b c : Ordinal} (h : a ≤ b * c) : a / b ≤ c := if b0 : b = 0 then by simp only [b0, div_zero, Ordinal.zero_le] else (div_le b0).2 <| h.trans_lt <| mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left (lt_succ c) (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 b0) #align ordinal.div_le_of_le_mul Ordinal.div_le_of_le_mul theorem mul_lt_of_lt_div {a b c : Ordinal} : a < b / c → c * a < b := lt_imp_lt_of_le_imp_le div_le_of_le_mul #align ordinal.mul_lt_of_lt_div Ordinal.mul_lt_of_lt_div @[simp] theorem zero_div (a : Ordinal) : 0 / a = 0 := Ordinal.le_zero.1 <| div_le_of_le_mul <| Ordinal.zero_le _ #align ordinal.zero_div Ordinal.zero_div theorem mul_div_le (a b : Ordinal) : b * (a / b) ≤ a := if b0 : b = 0 then by simp only [b0, zero_mul, Ordinal.zero_le] else (le_div b0).1 le_rfl #align ordinal.mul_div_le Ordinal.mul_div_le theorem mul_add_div (a) {b : Ordinal} (b0 : b ≠ 0) (c) : (b * a + c) / b = a + c / b := by apply le_antisymm · apply (div_le b0).2 rw [mul_succ, mul_add, add_assoc, add_lt_add_iff_left] apply lt_mul_div_add _ b0 · rw [le_div b0, mul_add, add_le_add_iff_left] apply mul_div_le #align ordinal.mul_add_div Ordinal.mul_add_div theorem div_eq_zero_of_lt {a b : Ordinal} (h : a < b) : a / b = 0 := by rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, div_le <| Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.1 <| (Ordinal.zero_le _).trans_lt h] simpa only [succ_zero, mul_one] using h #align ordinal.div_eq_zero_of_lt Ordinal.div_eq_zero_of_lt @[simp] theorem mul_div_cancel (a) {b : Ordinal} (b0 : b ≠ 0) : b * a / b = a := by simpa only [add_zero, zero_div] using mul_add_div a b0 0 #align ordinal.mul_div_cancel Ordinal.mul_div_cancel @[simp] theorem div_one (a : Ordinal) : a / 1 = a := by simpa only [one_mul] using mul_div_cancel a Ordinal.one_ne_zero #align ordinal.div_one Ordinal.div_one @[simp] theorem div_self {a : Ordinal} (h : a ≠ 0) : a / a = 1 := by simpa only [mul_one] using mul_div_cancel 1 h #align ordinal.div_self Ordinal.div_self theorem mul_sub (a b c : Ordinal) : a * (b - c) = a * b - a * c := if a0 : a = 0 then by simp only [a0, zero_mul, sub_self] else eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun d => by rw [sub_le, ← le_div a0, sub_le, ← le_div a0, mul_add_div _ a0] #align ordinal.mul_sub Ordinal.mul_sub theorem isLimit_add_iff {a b} : IsLimit (a + b) ↔ IsLimit b ∨ b = 0 ∧ IsLimit a := by constructor <;> intro h · by_cases h' : b = 0 · rw [h', add_zero] at h right exact ⟨h', h⟩ left rw [← add_sub_cancel a b] apply sub_isLimit h suffices a + 0 < a + b by simpa only [add_zero] using this rwa [add_lt_add_iff_left, Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero] rcases h with (h | ⟨rfl, h⟩) · exact add_isLimit a h · simpa only [add_zero] #align ordinal.is_limit_add_iff Ordinal.isLimit_add_iff theorem dvd_add_iff : ∀ {a b c : Ordinal}, a ∣ b → (a ∣ b + c ↔ a ∣ c) | a, _, c, ⟨b, rfl⟩ => ⟨fun ⟨d, e⟩ => ⟨d - b, by rw [mul_sub, ← e, add_sub_cancel]⟩, fun ⟨d, e⟩ => by rw [e, ← mul_add] apply dvd_mul_right⟩ #align ordinal.dvd_add_iff Ordinal.dvd_add_iff theorem div_mul_cancel : ∀ {a b : Ordinal}, a ≠ 0 → a ∣ b → a * (b / a) = b | a, _, a0, ⟨b, rfl⟩ => by rw [mul_div_cancel _ a0] #align ordinal.div_mul_cancel Ordinal.div_mul_cancel theorem le_of_dvd : ∀ {a b : Ordinal}, b ≠ 0 → a ∣ b → a ≤ b -- Porting note: `⟨b, rfl⟩ => by` → `⟨b, e⟩ => by subst e` | a, _, b0, ⟨b, e⟩ => by subst e -- Porting note: `Ne` is required. simpa only [mul_one] using mul_le_mul_left' (one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 fun h : b = 0 => by simp only [h, mul_zero, Ne, not_true_eq_false] at b0) a #align ordinal.le_of_dvd Ordinal.le_of_dvd theorem dvd_antisymm {a b : Ordinal} (h₁ : a ∣ b) (h₂ : b ∣ a) : a = b := if a0 : a = 0 then by subst a; exact (eq_zero_of_zero_dvd h₁).symm else if b0 : b = 0 then by subst b; exact eq_zero_of_zero_dvd h₂ else (le_of_dvd b0 h₁).antisymm (le_of_dvd a0 h₂) #align ordinal.dvd_antisymm Ordinal.dvd_antisymm instance isAntisymm : IsAntisymm Ordinal (· ∣ ·) := ⟨@dvd_antisymm⟩ instance mod : Mod Ordinal := ⟨fun a b => a - b * (a / b)⟩ theorem mod_def (a b : Ordinal) : a % b = a - b * (a / b) := rfl #align ordinal.mod_def Ordinal.mod_def theorem mod_le (a b : Ordinal) : a % b ≤ a := sub_le_self a _ #align ordinal.mod_le Ordinal.mod_le @[simp] theorem mod_zero (a : Ordinal) : a % 0 = a := by simp only [mod_def, div_zero, zero_mul, sub_zero] #align ordinal.mod_zero Ordinal.mod_zero theorem mod_eq_of_lt {a b : Ordinal} (h : a < b) : a % b = a := by simp only [mod_def, div_eq_zero_of_lt h, mul_zero, sub_zero] #align ordinal.mod_eq_of_lt Ordinal.mod_eq_of_lt @[simp] theorem zero_mod (b : Ordinal) : 0 % b = 0 := by simp only [mod_def, zero_div, mul_zero, sub_self] #align ordinal.zero_mod Ordinal.zero_mod theorem div_add_mod (a b : Ordinal) : b * (a / b) + a % b = a := Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le <| mul_div_le _ _ #align ordinal.div_add_mod Ordinal.div_add_mod theorem mod_lt (a) {b : Ordinal} (h : b ≠ 0) : a % b < b := (add_lt_add_iff_left (b * (a / b))).1 <| by rw [div_add_mod]; exact lt_mul_div_add a h #align ordinal.mod_lt Ordinal.mod_lt @[simp] theorem mod_self (a : Ordinal) : a % a = 0 := if a0 : a = 0 then by simp only [a0, zero_mod] else by simp only [mod_def, div_self a0, mul_one, sub_self] #align ordinal.mod_self Ordinal.mod_self @[simp] theorem mod_one (a : Ordinal) : a % 1 = 0 := by simp only [mod_def, div_one, one_mul, sub_self] #align ordinal.mod_one Ordinal.mod_one theorem dvd_of_mod_eq_zero {a b : Ordinal} (H : a % b = 0) : b ∣ a := ⟨a / b, by simpa [H] using (div_add_mod a b).symm⟩ #align ordinal.dvd_of_mod_eq_zero Ordinal.dvd_of_mod_eq_zero theorem mod_eq_zero_of_dvd {a b : Ordinal} (H : b ∣ a) : a % b = 0 := by rcases H with ⟨c, rfl⟩ rcases eq_or_ne b 0 with (rfl | hb) · simp · simp [mod_def, hb] #align ordinal.mod_eq_zero_of_dvd Ordinal.mod_eq_zero_of_dvd theorem dvd_iff_mod_eq_zero {a b : Ordinal} : b ∣ a ↔ a % b = 0 := ⟨mod_eq_zero_of_dvd, dvd_of_mod_eq_zero⟩ #align ordinal.dvd_iff_mod_eq_zero Ordinal.dvd_iff_mod_eq_zero @[simp] theorem mul_add_mod_self (x y z : Ordinal) : (x * y + z) % x = z % x := by rcases eq_or_ne x 0 with rfl | hx · simp · rwa [mod_def, mul_add_div, mul_add, ← sub_sub, add_sub_cancel, mod_def] #align ordinal.mul_add_mod_self Ordinal.mul_add_mod_self @[simp] theorem mul_mod (x y : Ordinal) : x * y % x = 0 := by simpa using mul_add_mod_self x y 0 #align ordinal.mul_mod Ordinal.mul_mod theorem mod_mod_of_dvd (a : Ordinal) {b c : Ordinal} (h : c ∣ b) : a % b % c = a % c := by nth_rw 2 [← div_add_mod a b] rcases h with ⟨d, rfl⟩ rw [mul_assoc, mul_add_mod_self] #align ordinal.mod_mod_of_dvd Ordinal.mod_mod_of_dvd @[simp] theorem mod_mod (a b : Ordinal) : a % b % b = a % b := mod_mod_of_dvd a dvd_rfl #align ordinal.mod_mod Ordinal.mod_mod def bfamilyOfFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → α) : ∀ a < type r, α := fun a ha => f (enum r a ha) #align ordinal.bfamily_of_family' Ordinal.bfamilyOfFamily' def bfamilyOfFamily {ι : Type u} : (ι → α) → ∀ a < type (@WellOrderingRel ι), α := bfamilyOfFamily' WellOrderingRel #align ordinal.bfamily_of_family Ordinal.bfamilyOfFamily def familyOfBFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] {o} (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, α) : ι → α := fun i => f (typein r i) (by rw [← ho] exact typein_lt_type r i) #align ordinal.family_of_bfamily' Ordinal.familyOfBFamily' def familyOfBFamily (o : Ordinal) (f : ∀ a < o, α) : o.out.α → α := familyOfBFamily' (· < ·) (type_lt o) f #align ordinal.family_of_bfamily Ordinal.familyOfBFamily @[simp] theorem bfamilyOfFamily'_typein {ι} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → α) (i) : bfamilyOfFamily' r f (typein r i) (typein_lt_type r i) = f i := by simp only [bfamilyOfFamily', enum_typein] #align ordinal.bfamily_of_family'_typein Ordinal.bfamilyOfFamily'_typein @[simp] theorem bfamilyOfFamily_typein {ι} (f : ι → α) (i) : bfamilyOfFamily f (typein _ i) (typein_lt_type _ i) = f i := bfamilyOfFamily'_typein _ f i #align ordinal.bfamily_of_family_typein Ordinal.bfamilyOfFamily_typein @[simp, nolint simpNF] -- Porting note (#10959): simp cannot prove this theorem familyOfBFamily'_enum {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] {o} (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, α) (i hi) : familyOfBFamily' r ho f (enum r i (by rwa [ho])) = f i hi := by simp only [familyOfBFamily', typein_enum] #align ordinal.family_of_bfamily'_enum Ordinal.familyOfBFamily'_enum @[simp, nolint simpNF] -- Porting note (#10959): simp cannot prove this theorem familyOfBFamily_enum (o : Ordinal) (f : ∀ a < o, α) (i hi) : familyOfBFamily o f (enum (· < ·) i (by convert hi exact type_lt _)) = f i hi := familyOfBFamily'_enum _ (type_lt o) f _ _ #align ordinal.family_of_bfamily_enum Ordinal.familyOfBFamily_enum def brange (o : Ordinal) (f : ∀ a < o, α) : Set α := { a | ∃ i hi, f i hi = a } #align ordinal.brange Ordinal.brange theorem mem_brange {o : Ordinal} {f : ∀ a < o, α} {a} : a ∈ brange o f ↔ ∃ i hi, f i hi = a := Iff.rfl #align ordinal.mem_brange Ordinal.mem_brange theorem mem_brange_self {o} (f : ∀ a < o, α) (i hi) : f i hi ∈ brange o f := ⟨i, hi, rfl⟩ #align ordinal.mem_brange_self Ordinal.mem_brange_self @[simp] theorem range_familyOfBFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] {o} (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, α) : range (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) = brange o f := by refine Set.ext fun a => ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · rintro ⟨b, rfl⟩ apply mem_brange_self · rintro ⟨i, hi, rfl⟩ exact ⟨_, familyOfBFamily'_enum _ _ _ _ _⟩ #align ordinal.range_family_of_bfamily' Ordinal.range_familyOfBFamily' @[simp] theorem range_familyOfBFamily {o} (f : ∀ a < o, α) : range (familyOfBFamily o f) = brange o f := range_familyOfBFamily' _ _ f #align ordinal.range_family_of_bfamily Ordinal.range_familyOfBFamily @[simp] theorem brange_bfamilyOfFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → α) : brange _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r f) = range f := by refine Set.ext fun a => ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · rintro ⟨i, hi, rfl⟩ apply mem_range_self · rintro ⟨b, rfl⟩ exact ⟨_, _, bfamilyOfFamily'_typein _ _ _⟩ #align ordinal.brange_bfamily_of_family' Ordinal.brange_bfamilyOfFamily' @[simp] theorem brange_bfamilyOfFamily {ι : Type u} (f : ι → α) : brange _ (bfamilyOfFamily f) = range f := brange_bfamilyOfFamily' _ _ #align ordinal.brange_bfamily_of_family Ordinal.brange_bfamilyOfFamily @[simp] theorem brange_const {o : Ordinal} (ho : o ≠ 0) {c : α} : (brange o fun _ _ => c) = {c} := by rw [← range_familyOfBFamily] exact @Set.range_const _ o.out.α (out_nonempty_iff_ne_zero.2 ho) c #align ordinal.brange_const Ordinal.brange_const theorem comp_bfamilyOfFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → α) (g : α → β) : (fun i hi => g (bfamilyOfFamily' r f i hi)) = bfamilyOfFamily' r (g ∘ f) := rfl #align ordinal.comp_bfamily_of_family' Ordinal.comp_bfamilyOfFamily' theorem comp_bfamilyOfFamily {ι : Type u} (f : ι → α) (g : α → β) : (fun i hi => g (bfamilyOfFamily f i hi)) = bfamilyOfFamily (g ∘ f) := rfl #align ordinal.comp_bfamily_of_family Ordinal.comp_bfamilyOfFamily theorem comp_familyOfBFamily' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] {o} (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, α) (g : α → β) : g ∘ familyOfBFamily' r ho f = familyOfBFamily' r ho fun i hi => g (f i hi) := rfl #align ordinal.comp_family_of_bfamily' Ordinal.comp_familyOfBFamily' theorem comp_familyOfBFamily {o} (f : ∀ a < o, α) (g : α → β) : g ∘ familyOfBFamily o f = familyOfBFamily o fun i hi => g (f i hi) := rfl #align ordinal.comp_family_of_bfamily Ordinal.comp_familyOfBFamily -- Porting note: Universes should be specified in `sup`s. def sup {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : Ordinal.{max u v} := iSup f #align ordinal.sup Ordinal.sup @[simp] theorem sSup_eq_sup {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sSup (Set.range f) = sup.{_, v} f := rfl #align ordinal.Sup_eq_sup Ordinal.sSup_eq_sup theorem bddAbove_range {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : BddAbove (Set.range f) := ⟨(iSup (succ ∘ card ∘ f)).ord, by rintro a ⟨i, rfl⟩ exact le_of_lt (Cardinal.lt_ord.2 ((lt_succ _).trans_le (le_ciSup (Cardinal.bddAbove_range.{_, v} _) _)))⟩ #align ordinal.bdd_above_range Ordinal.bddAbove_range theorem le_sup {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : ∀ i, f i ≤ sup.{_, v} f := fun i => le_csSup (bddAbove_range.{_, v} f) (mem_range_self i) #align ordinal.le_sup Ordinal.le_sup theorem sup_le_iff {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : sup.{_, v} f ≤ a ↔ ∀ i, f i ≤ a := (csSup_le_iff' (bddAbove_range.{_, v} f)).trans (by simp) #align ordinal.sup_le_iff Ordinal.sup_le_iff theorem sup_le {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : (∀ i, f i ≤ a) → sup.{_, v} f ≤ a := sup_le_iff.2 #align ordinal.sup_le Ordinal.sup_le theorem lt_sup {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : a < sup.{_, v} f ↔ ∃ i, a < f i := by simpa only [not_forall, not_le] using not_congr (@sup_le_iff.{_, v} _ f a) #align ordinal.lt_sup Ordinal.lt_sup theorem ne_sup_iff_lt_sup {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} : (∀ i, f i ≠ sup.{_, v} f) ↔ ∀ i, f i < sup.{_, v} f := ⟨fun hf _ => lt_of_le_of_ne (le_sup _ _) (hf _), fun hf _ => ne_of_lt (hf _)⟩ #align ordinal.ne_sup_iff_lt_sup Ordinal.ne_sup_iff_lt_sup theorem sup_not_succ_of_ne_sup {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} (hf : ∀ i, f i ≠ sup.{_, v} f) {a} (hao : a < sup.{_, v} f) : succ a < sup.{_, v} f := by by_contra! hoa exact hao.not_le (sup_le fun i => le_of_lt_succ <| (lt_of_le_of_ne (le_sup _ _) (hf i)).trans_le hoa) #align ordinal.sup_not_succ_of_ne_sup Ordinal.sup_not_succ_of_ne_sup @[simp] theorem sup_eq_zero_iff {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} : sup.{_, v} f = 0 ↔ ∀ i, f i = 0 := by refine ⟨fun h i => ?_, fun h => le_antisymm (sup_le fun i => Ordinal.le_zero.2 (h i)) (Ordinal.zero_le _)⟩ rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, ← h] exact le_sup f i #align ordinal.sup_eq_zero_iff Ordinal.sup_eq_zero_iff theorem IsNormal.sup {f : Ordinal.{max u v} → Ordinal.{max u w}} (H : IsNormal f) {ι : Type u} (g : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) [Nonempty ι] : f (sup.{_, v} g) = sup.{_, w} (f ∘ g) := eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun a => by rw [sup_le_iff]; simp only [comp]; rw [H.le_set' Set.univ Set.univ_nonempty g] <;> simp [sup_le_iff] #align ordinal.is_normal.sup Ordinal.IsNormal.sup @[simp] theorem sup_empty {ι} [IsEmpty ι] (f : ι → Ordinal) : sup f = 0 := ciSup_of_empty f #align ordinal.sup_empty Ordinal.sup_empty @[simp] theorem sup_const {ι} [_hι : Nonempty ι] (o : Ordinal) : (sup fun _ : ι => o) = o := ciSup_const #align ordinal.sup_const Ordinal.sup_const @[simp] theorem sup_unique {ι} [Unique ι] (f : ι → Ordinal) : sup f = f default := ciSup_unique #align ordinal.sup_unique Ordinal.sup_unique theorem sup_le_of_range_subset {ι ι'} {f : ι → Ordinal} {g : ι' → Ordinal} (h : Set.range f ⊆ Set.range g) : sup.{u, max v w} f ≤ sup.{v, max u w} g := sup_le fun i => match h (mem_range_self i) with | ⟨_j, hj⟩ => hj ▸ le_sup _ _ #align ordinal.sup_le_of_range_subset Ordinal.sup_le_of_range_subset theorem sup_eq_of_range_eq {ι ι'} {f : ι → Ordinal} {g : ι' → Ordinal} (h : Set.range f = Set.range g) : sup.{u, max v w} f = sup.{v, max u w} g := (sup_le_of_range_subset.{u, v, w} h.le).antisymm (sup_le_of_range_subset.{v, u, w} h.ge) #align ordinal.sup_eq_of_range_eq Ordinal.sup_eq_of_range_eq @[simp] theorem sup_sum {α : Type u} {β : Type v} (f : Sum α β → Ordinal) : sup.{max u v, w} f = max (sup.{u, max v w} fun a => f (Sum.inl a)) (sup.{v, max u w} fun b => f (Sum.inr b)) := by apply (sup_le_iff.2 _).antisymm (max_le_iff.2 ⟨_, _⟩) · rintro (i | i) · exact le_max_of_le_left (le_sup _ i) · exact le_max_of_le_right (le_sup _ i) all_goals apply sup_le_of_range_subset.{_, max u v, w} rintro i ⟨a, rfl⟩ apply mem_range_self #align ordinal.sup_sum Ordinal.sup_sum theorem unbounded_range_of_sup_ge {α β : Type u} (r : α → α → Prop) [IsWellOrder α r] (f : β → α) (h : type r ≤ sup.{u, u} (typein r ∘ f)) : Unbounded r (range f) := (not_bounded_iff _).1 fun ⟨x, hx⟩ => not_lt_of_le h <| lt_of_le_of_lt (sup_le fun y => le_of_lt <| (typein_lt_typein r).2 <| hx _ <| mem_range_self y) (typein_lt_type r x) #align ordinal.unbounded_range_of_sup_ge Ordinal.unbounded_range_of_sup_ge theorem le_sup_shrink_equiv {s : Set Ordinal.{u}} (hs : Small.{u} s) (a) (ha : a ∈ s) : a ≤ sup.{u, u} fun x => ((@equivShrink s hs).symm x).val := by convert le_sup.{u, u} (fun x => ((@equivShrink s hs).symm x).val) ((@equivShrink s hs) ⟨a, ha⟩) rw [symm_apply_apply] #align ordinal.le_sup_shrink_equiv Ordinal.le_sup_shrink_equiv instance small_Iio (o : Ordinal.{u}) : Small.{u} (Set.Iio o) := let f : o.out.α → Set.Iio o := fun x => ⟨typein ((· < ·) : o.out.α → o.out.α → Prop) x, typein_lt_self x⟩ let hf : Surjective f := fun b => ⟨enum (· < ·) b.val (by rw [type_lt] exact b.prop), Subtype.ext (typein_enum _ _)⟩ small_of_surjective hf #align ordinal.small_Iio Ordinal.small_Iio instance small_Iic (o : Ordinal.{u}) : Small.{u} (Set.Iic o) := by rw [← Iio_succ] infer_instance #align ordinal.small_Iic Ordinal.small_Iic theorem bddAbove_iff_small {s : Set Ordinal.{u}} : BddAbove s ↔ Small.{u} s := ⟨fun ⟨a, h⟩ => small_subset <| show s ⊆ Iic a from fun _x hx => h hx, fun h => ⟨sup.{u, u} fun x => ((@equivShrink s h).symm x).val, le_sup_shrink_equiv h⟩⟩ #align ordinal.bdd_above_iff_small Ordinal.bddAbove_iff_small theorem bddAbove_of_small (s : Set Ordinal.{u}) [h : Small.{u} s] : BddAbove s := bddAbove_iff_small.2 h #align ordinal.bdd_above_of_small Ordinal.bddAbove_of_small theorem sup_eq_sSup {s : Set Ordinal.{u}} (hs : Small.{u} s) : (sup.{u, u} fun x => (@equivShrink s hs).symm x) = sSup s := let hs' := bddAbove_iff_small.2 hs ((csSup_le_iff' hs').2 (le_sup_shrink_equiv hs)).antisymm' (sup_le fun _x => le_csSup hs' (Subtype.mem _)) #align ordinal.sup_eq_Sup Ordinal.sup_eq_sSup theorem sSup_ord {s : Set Cardinal.{u}} (hs : BddAbove s) : (sSup s).ord = sSup (ord '' s) := eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun a => by rw [csSup_le_iff' (bddAbove_iff_small.2 (@small_image _ _ _ s (Cardinal.bddAbove_iff_small.1 hs))), ord_le, csSup_le_iff' hs] simp [ord_le] #align ordinal.Sup_ord Ordinal.sSup_ord theorem iSup_ord {ι} {f : ι → Cardinal} (hf : BddAbove (range f)) : (iSup f).ord = ⨆ i, (f i).ord := by unfold iSup convert sSup_ord hf -- Porting note: `change` is required. conv_lhs => change range (ord ∘ f) rw [range_comp] #align ordinal.supr_ord Ordinal.iSup_ord private theorem sup_le_sup {ι ι' : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) (r' : ι' → ι' → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] [IsWellOrder ι' r'] {o} (ho : type r = o) (ho' : type r' = o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) ≤ sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r' ho' f) := sup_le fun i => by cases' typein_surj r' (by rw [ho', ← ho] exact typein_lt_type r i) with j hj simp_rw [familyOfBFamily', ← hj] apply le_sup theorem sup_eq_sup {ι ι' : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) (r' : ι' → ι' → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] [IsWellOrder ι' r'] {o : Ordinal.{u}} (ho : type r = o) (ho' : type r' = o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) = sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r' ho' f) := sup_eq_of_range_eq.{u, u, v} (by simp) #align ordinal.sup_eq_sup Ordinal.sup_eq_sup def bsup (o : Ordinal.{u}) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : Ordinal.{max u v} := sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily o f) #align ordinal.bsup Ordinal.bsup @[simp] theorem sup_eq_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily o f) = bsup.{_, v} o f := rfl #align ordinal.sup_eq_bsup Ordinal.sup_eq_bsup @[simp] theorem sup_eq_bsup' {o : Ordinal.{u}} {ι} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) = bsup.{_, v} o f := sup_eq_sup r _ ho _ f #align ordinal.sup_eq_bsup' Ordinal.sup_eq_bsup' @[simp, nolint simpNF] -- Porting note (#10959): simp cannot prove this theorem sSup_eq_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : sSup (brange o f) = bsup.{_, v} o f := by congr rw [range_familyOfBFamily] #align ordinal.Sup_eq_bsup Ordinal.sSup_eq_bsup @[simp] theorem bsup_eq_sup' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r f) = sup.{_, v} f := by simp (config := { unfoldPartialApp := true }) only [← sup_eq_bsup' r, enum_typein, familyOfBFamily', bfamilyOfFamily'] #align ordinal.bsup_eq_sup' Ordinal.bsup_eq_sup' theorem bsup_eq_bsup {ι : Type u} (r r' : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] [IsWellOrder ι r'] (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r f) = bsup.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r' f) := by rw [bsup_eq_sup', bsup_eq_sup'] #align ordinal.bsup_eq_bsup Ordinal.bsup_eq_bsup @[simp] theorem bsup_eq_sup {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily f) = sup.{_, v} f := bsup_eq_sup' _ f #align ordinal.bsup_eq_sup Ordinal.bsup_eq_sup @[congr] theorem bsup_congr {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o₁, Ordinal.{max u v}) (ho : o₁ = o₂) : bsup.{_, v} o₁ f = bsup.{_, v} o₂ fun a h => f a (h.trans_eq ho.symm) := by subst ho -- Porting note: `rfl` is required. rfl #align ordinal.bsup_congr Ordinal.bsup_congr theorem bsup_le_iff {o f a} : bsup.{u, v} o f ≤ a ↔ ∀ i h, f i h ≤ a := sup_le_iff.trans ⟨fun h i hi => by rw [← familyOfBFamily_enum o f] exact h _, fun h i => h _ _⟩ #align ordinal.bsup_le_iff Ordinal.bsup_le_iff theorem bsup_le {o : Ordinal} {f : ∀ b < o, Ordinal} {a} : (∀ i h, f i h ≤ a) → bsup.{u, v} o f ≤ a := bsup_le_iff.2 #align ordinal.bsup_le Ordinal.bsup_le theorem le_bsup {o} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal) (i h) : f i h ≤ bsup o f := bsup_le_iff.1 le_rfl _ _ #align ordinal.le_bsup Ordinal.le_bsup theorem lt_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) {a} : a < bsup.{_, v} o f ↔ ∃ i hi, a < f i hi := by simpa only [not_forall, not_le] using not_congr (@bsup_le_iff.{_, v} _ f a) #align ordinal.lt_bsup Ordinal.lt_bsup theorem IsNormal.bsup {f : Ordinal.{max u v} → Ordinal.{max u w}} (H : IsNormal f) {o : Ordinal.{u}} : ∀ (g : ∀ a < o, Ordinal), o ≠ 0 → f (bsup.{_, v} o g) = bsup.{_, w} o fun a h => f (g a h) := inductionOn o fun α r _ g h => by haveI := type_ne_zero_iff_nonempty.1 h rw [← sup_eq_bsup' r, IsNormal.sup.{_, v, w} H, ← sup_eq_bsup' r] <;> rfl #align ordinal.is_normal.bsup Ordinal.IsNormal.bsup theorem lt_bsup_of_ne_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}} : (∀ i h, f i h ≠ bsup.{_, v} o f) ↔ ∀ i h, f i h < bsup.{_, v} o f := ⟨fun hf _ _ => lt_of_le_of_ne (le_bsup _ _ _) (hf _ _), fun hf _ _ => ne_of_lt (hf _ _)⟩ #align ordinal.lt_bsup_of_ne_bsup Ordinal.lt_bsup_of_ne_bsup theorem bsup_not_succ_of_ne_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}} (hf : ∀ {i : Ordinal} (h : i < o), f i h ≠ bsup.{_, v} o f) (a) : a < bsup.{_, v} o f → succ a < bsup.{_, v} o f := by rw [← sup_eq_bsup] at * exact sup_not_succ_of_ne_sup fun i => hf _ #align ordinal.bsup_not_succ_of_ne_bsup Ordinal.bsup_not_succ_of_ne_bsup @[simp] theorem bsup_eq_zero_iff {o} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} : bsup o f = 0 ↔ ∀ i hi, f i hi = 0 := by refine ⟨fun h i hi => ?_, fun h => le_antisymm (bsup_le fun i hi => Ordinal.le_zero.2 (h i hi)) (Ordinal.zero_le _)⟩ rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, ← h] exact le_bsup f i hi #align ordinal.bsup_eq_zero_iff Ordinal.bsup_eq_zero_iff theorem lt_bsup_of_limit {o : Ordinal} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} (hf : ∀ {a a'} (ha : a < o) (ha' : a' < o), a < a' → f a ha < f a' ha') (ho : ∀ a < o, succ a < o) (i h) : f i h < bsup o f := (hf _ _ <| lt_succ i).trans_le (le_bsup f (succ i) <| ho _ h) #align ordinal.lt_bsup_of_limit Ordinal.lt_bsup_of_limit theorem bsup_succ_of_mono {o : Ordinal} {f : ∀ a < succ o, Ordinal} (hf : ∀ {i j} (hi hj), i ≤ j → f i hi ≤ f j hj) : bsup _ f = f o (lt_succ o) := le_antisymm (bsup_le fun _i hi => hf _ _ <| le_of_lt_succ hi) (le_bsup _ _ _) #align ordinal.bsup_succ_of_mono Ordinal.bsup_succ_of_mono @[simp] theorem bsup_zero (f : ∀ a < (0 : Ordinal), Ordinal) : bsup 0 f = 0 := bsup_eq_zero_iff.2 fun i hi => (Ordinal.not_lt_zero i hi).elim #align ordinal.bsup_zero Ordinal.bsup_zero theorem bsup_const {o : Ordinal.{u}} (ho : o ≠ 0) (a : Ordinal.{max u v}) : (bsup.{_, v} o fun _ _ => a) = a := le_antisymm (bsup_le fun _ _ => le_rfl) (le_bsup _ 0 (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 ho)) #align ordinal.bsup_const Ordinal.bsup_const @[simp] theorem bsup_one (f : ∀ a < (1 : Ordinal), Ordinal) : bsup 1 f = f 0 zero_lt_one := by simp_rw [← sup_eq_bsup, sup_unique, familyOfBFamily, familyOfBFamily', typein_one_out] #align ordinal.bsup_one Ordinal.bsup_one theorem bsup_le_of_brange_subset {o o'} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal} (h : brange o f ⊆ brange o' g) : bsup.{u, max v w} o f ≤ bsup.{v, max u w} o' g := bsup_le fun i hi => by obtain ⟨j, hj, hj'⟩ := h ⟨i, hi, rfl⟩ rw [← hj'] apply le_bsup #align ordinal.bsup_le_of_brange_subset Ordinal.bsup_le_of_brange_subset theorem bsup_eq_of_brange_eq {o o'} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal} (h : brange o f = brange o' g) : bsup.{u, max v w} o f = bsup.{v, max u w} o' g := (bsup_le_of_brange_subset.{u, v, w} h.le).antisymm (bsup_le_of_brange_subset.{v, u, w} h.ge) #align ordinal.bsup_eq_of_brange_eq Ordinal.bsup_eq_of_brange_eq def lsub {ι} (f : ι → Ordinal) : Ordinal := sup (succ ∘ f) #align ordinal.lsub Ordinal.lsub @[simp] theorem sup_eq_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} (succ ∘ f) = lsub.{_, v} f := rfl #align ordinal.sup_eq_lsub Ordinal.sup_eq_lsub theorem lsub_le_iff {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : lsub.{_, v} f ≤ a ↔ ∀ i, f i < a := by convert sup_le_iff.{_, v} (f := succ ∘ f) (a := a) using 2 -- Porting note: `comp_apply` is required. simp only [comp_apply, succ_le_iff] #align ordinal.lsub_le_iff Ordinal.lsub_le_iff theorem lsub_le {ι} {f : ι → Ordinal} {a} : (∀ i, f i < a) → lsub f ≤ a := lsub_le_iff.2 #align ordinal.lsub_le Ordinal.lsub_le theorem lt_lsub {ι} (f : ι → Ordinal) (i) : f i < lsub f := succ_le_iff.1 (le_sup _ i) #align ordinal.lt_lsub Ordinal.lt_lsub theorem lt_lsub_iff {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : a < lsub.{_, v} f ↔ ∃ i, a ≤ f i := by simpa only [not_forall, not_lt, not_le] using not_congr (@lsub_le_iff.{_, v} _ f a) #align ordinal.lt_lsub_iff Ordinal.lt_lsub_iff theorem sup_le_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} f ≤ lsub.{_, v} f := sup_le fun i => (lt_lsub f i).le #align ordinal.sup_le_lsub Ordinal.sup_le_lsub theorem lsub_le_sup_succ {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} f ≤ succ (sup.{_, v} f) := lsub_le fun i => lt_succ_iff.2 (le_sup f i) #align ordinal.lsub_le_sup_succ Ordinal.lsub_le_sup_succ theorem sup_eq_lsub_or_sup_succ_eq_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} f = lsub.{_, v} f ∨ succ (sup.{_, v} f) = lsub.{_, v} f := by cases' eq_or_lt_of_le (sup_le_lsub.{_, v} f) with h h · exact Or.inl h · exact Or.inr ((succ_le_of_lt h).antisymm (lsub_le_sup_succ f)) #align ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_or_sup_succ_eq_lsub Ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_or_sup_succ_eq_lsub theorem sup_succ_le_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : succ (sup.{_, v} f) ≤ lsub.{_, v} f ↔ ∃ i, f i = sup.{_, v} f := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, ?_⟩ · by_contra! hf exact (succ_le_iff.1 h).ne ((sup_le_lsub f).antisymm (lsub_le (ne_sup_iff_lt_sup.1 hf))) rintro ⟨_, hf⟩ rw [succ_le_iff, ← hf] exact lt_lsub _ _ #align ordinal.sup_succ_le_lsub Ordinal.sup_succ_le_lsub theorem sup_succ_eq_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : succ (sup.{_, v} f) = lsub.{_, v} f ↔ ∃ i, f i = sup.{_, v} f := (lsub_le_sup_succ f).le_iff_eq.symm.trans (sup_succ_le_lsub f) #align ordinal.sup_succ_eq_lsub Ordinal.sup_succ_eq_lsub theorem sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} f = lsub.{_, v} f ↔ ∀ a < lsub.{_, v} f, succ a < lsub.{_, v} f := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun hf => le_antisymm (sup_le_lsub f) (lsub_le fun i => ?_)⟩ · rw [← h] exact fun a => sup_not_succ_of_ne_sup fun i => (lsub_le_iff.1 (le_of_eq h.symm) i).ne by_contra! hle have heq := (sup_succ_eq_lsub f).2 ⟨i, le_antisymm (le_sup _ _) hle⟩ have := hf _ (by rw [← heq] exact lt_succ (sup f)) rw [heq] at this exact this.false #align ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ Ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ theorem sup_eq_lsub_iff_lt_sup {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : sup.{_, v} f = lsub.{_, v} f ↔ ∀ i, f i < sup.{_, v} f := ⟨fun h i => by rw [h] apply lt_lsub, fun h => le_antisymm (sup_le_lsub f) (lsub_le h)⟩ #align ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_iff_lt_sup Ordinal.sup_eq_lsub_iff_lt_sup @[simp] theorem lsub_empty {ι} [h : IsEmpty ι] (f : ι → Ordinal) : lsub f = 0 := by rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, lsub_le_iff] exact h.elim #align ordinal.lsub_empty Ordinal.lsub_empty theorem lsub_pos {ι : Type u} [h : Nonempty ι] (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : 0 < lsub.{_, v} f := h.elim fun i => (Ordinal.zero_le _).trans_lt (lt_lsub f i) #align ordinal.lsub_pos Ordinal.lsub_pos @[simp] theorem lsub_eq_zero_iff {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} f = 0 ↔ IsEmpty ι := by refine ⟨fun h => ⟨fun i => ?_⟩, fun h => @lsub_empty _ h _⟩ have := @lsub_pos.{_, v} _ ⟨i⟩ f rw [h] at this exact this.false #align ordinal.lsub_eq_zero_iff Ordinal.lsub_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem lsub_const {ι} [Nonempty ι] (o : Ordinal) : (lsub fun _ : ι => o) = succ o := sup_const (succ o) #align ordinal.lsub_const Ordinal.lsub_const @[simp] theorem lsub_unique {ι} [Unique ι] (f : ι → Ordinal) : lsub f = succ (f default) := sup_unique _ #align ordinal.lsub_unique Ordinal.lsub_unique theorem lsub_le_of_range_subset {ι ι'} {f : ι → Ordinal} {g : ι' → Ordinal} (h : Set.range f ⊆ Set.range g) : lsub.{u, max v w} f ≤ lsub.{v, max u w} g := sup_le_of_range_subset.{u, v, w} (by convert Set.image_subset succ h <;> apply Set.range_comp) #align ordinal.lsub_le_of_range_subset Ordinal.lsub_le_of_range_subset theorem lsub_eq_of_range_eq {ι ι'} {f : ι → Ordinal} {g : ι' → Ordinal} (h : Set.range f = Set.range g) : lsub.{u, max v w} f = lsub.{v, max u w} g := (lsub_le_of_range_subset.{u, v, w} h.le).antisymm (lsub_le_of_range_subset.{v, u, w} h.ge) #align ordinal.lsub_eq_of_range_eq Ordinal.lsub_eq_of_range_eq @[simp] theorem lsub_sum {α : Type u} {β : Type v} (f : Sum α β → Ordinal) : lsub.{max u v, w} f = max (lsub.{u, max v w} fun a => f (Sum.inl a)) (lsub.{v, max u w} fun b => f (Sum.inr b)) := sup_sum _ #align ordinal.lsub_sum Ordinal.lsub_sum theorem lsub_not_mem_range {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} f ∉ Set.range f := fun ⟨i, h⟩ => h.not_lt (lt_lsub f i) #align ordinal.lsub_not_mem_range Ordinal.lsub_not_mem_range theorem nonempty_compl_range {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : (Set.range f)ᶜ.Nonempty := ⟨_, lsub_not_mem_range.{_, v} f⟩ #align ordinal.nonempty_compl_range Ordinal.nonempty_compl_range @[simp] theorem lsub_typein (o : Ordinal) : lsub.{u, u} (typein ((· < ·) : o.out.α → o.out.α → Prop)) = o := (lsub_le.{u, u} typein_lt_self).antisymm (by by_contra! h -- Porting note: `nth_rw` → `conv_rhs` & `rw` conv_rhs at h => rw [← type_lt o] simpa [typein_enum] using lt_lsub.{u, u} (typein (· < ·)) (enum (· < ·) _ h)) #align ordinal.lsub_typein Ordinal.lsub_typein theorem sup_typein_limit {o : Ordinal} (ho : ∀ a, a < o → succ a < o) : sup.{u, u} (typein ((· < ·) : o.out.α → o.out.α → Prop)) = o := by -- Porting note: `rwa` → `rw` & `assumption` rw [(sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ.{u, u} (typein (· < ·))).2] <;> rw [lsub_typein o]; assumption #align ordinal.sup_typein_limit Ordinal.sup_typein_limit @[simp] theorem sup_typein_succ {o : Ordinal} : sup.{u, u} (typein ((· < ·) : (succ o).out.α → (succ o).out.α → Prop)) = o := by cases' sup_eq_lsub_or_sup_succ_eq_lsub.{u, u} (typein ((· < ·) : (succ o).out.α → (succ o).out.α → Prop)) with h h · rw [sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ] at h simp only [lsub_typein] at h exact (h o (lt_succ o)).false.elim rw [← succ_eq_succ_iff, h] apply lsub_typein #align ordinal.sup_typein_succ Ordinal.sup_typein_succ def blsub (o : Ordinal.{u}) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : Ordinal.{max u v} := bsup.{_, v} o fun a ha => succ (f a ha) #align ordinal.blsub Ordinal.blsub @[simp] theorem bsup_eq_blsub (o : Ordinal.{u}) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : (bsup.{_, v} o fun a ha => succ (f a ha)) = blsub.{_, v} o f := rfl #align ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub Ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub theorem lsub_eq_blsub' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] {o} (ho : type r = o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) = blsub.{_, v} o f := sup_eq_bsup'.{_, v} r ho fun a ha => succ (f a ha) #align ordinal.lsub_eq_blsub' Ordinal.lsub_eq_blsub' theorem lsub_eq_lsub {ι ι' : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) (r' : ι' → ι' → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] [IsWellOrder ι' r'] {o} (ho : type r = o) (ho' : type r' = o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r ho f) = lsub.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily' r' ho' f) := by rw [lsub_eq_blsub', lsub_eq_blsub'] #align ordinal.lsub_eq_lsub Ordinal.lsub_eq_lsub @[simp] theorem lsub_eq_blsub {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : lsub.{_, v} (familyOfBFamily o f) = blsub.{_, v} o f := lsub_eq_blsub' _ _ _ #align ordinal.lsub_eq_blsub Ordinal.lsub_eq_blsub @[simp] theorem blsub_eq_lsub' {ι : Type u} (r : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : blsub.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r f) = lsub.{_, v} f := bsup_eq_sup'.{_, v} r (succ ∘ f) #align ordinal.blsub_eq_lsub' Ordinal.blsub_eq_lsub' theorem blsub_eq_blsub {ι : Type u} (r r' : ι → ι → Prop) [IsWellOrder ι r] [IsWellOrder ι r'] (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : blsub.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r f) = blsub.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily' r' f) := by rw [blsub_eq_lsub', blsub_eq_lsub'] #align ordinal.blsub_eq_blsub Ordinal.blsub_eq_blsub @[simp] theorem blsub_eq_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : blsub.{_, v} _ (bfamilyOfFamily f) = lsub.{_, v} f := blsub_eq_lsub' _ _ #align ordinal.blsub_eq_lsub Ordinal.blsub_eq_lsub @[congr] theorem blsub_congr {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o₁, Ordinal.{max u v}) (ho : o₁ = o₂) : blsub.{_, v} o₁ f = blsub.{_, v} o₂ fun a h => f a (h.trans_eq ho.symm) := by subst ho -- Porting note: `rfl` is required. rfl #align ordinal.blsub_congr Ordinal.blsub_congr theorem blsub_le_iff {o : Ordinal.{u}} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : blsub.{_, v} o f ≤ a ↔ ∀ i h, f i h < a := by convert bsup_le_iff.{_, v} (f := fun a ha => succ (f a ha)) (a := a) using 2 simp_rw [succ_le_iff] #align ordinal.blsub_le_iff Ordinal.blsub_le_iff theorem blsub_le {o : Ordinal} {f : ∀ b < o, Ordinal} {a} : (∀ i h, f i h < a) → blsub o f ≤ a := blsub_le_iff.2 #align ordinal.blsub_le Ordinal.blsub_le theorem lt_blsub {o} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal) (i h) : f i h < blsub o f := blsub_le_iff.1 le_rfl _ _ #align ordinal.lt_blsub Ordinal.lt_blsub theorem lt_blsub_iff {o : Ordinal.{u}} {f : ∀ b < o, Ordinal.{max u v}} {a} : a < blsub.{_, v} o f ↔ ∃ i hi, a ≤ f i hi := by simpa only [not_forall, not_lt, not_le] using not_congr (@blsub_le_iff.{_, v} _ f a) #align ordinal.lt_blsub_iff Ordinal.lt_blsub_iff theorem bsup_le_blsub {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} o f ≤ blsub.{_, v} o f := bsup_le fun i h => (lt_blsub f i h).le #align ordinal.bsup_le_blsub Ordinal.bsup_le_blsub theorem blsub_le_bsup_succ {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : blsub.{_, v} o f ≤ succ (bsup.{_, v} o f) := blsub_le fun i h => lt_succ_iff.2 (le_bsup f i h) #align ordinal.blsub_le_bsup_succ Ordinal.blsub_le_bsup_succ theorem bsup_eq_blsub_or_succ_bsup_eq_blsub {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} o f = blsub.{_, v} o f ∨ succ (bsup.{_, v} o f) = blsub.{_, v} o f := by rw [← sup_eq_bsup, ← lsub_eq_blsub] exact sup_eq_lsub_or_sup_succ_eq_lsub _ #align ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_or_succ_bsup_eq_blsub Ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_or_succ_bsup_eq_blsub theorem bsup_succ_le_blsub {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : succ (bsup.{_, v} o f) ≤ blsub.{_, v} o f ↔ ∃ i hi, f i hi = bsup.{_, v} o f := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, ?_⟩ · by_contra! hf exact ne_of_lt (succ_le_iff.1 h) (le_antisymm (bsup_le_blsub f) (blsub_le (lt_bsup_of_ne_bsup.1 hf))) rintro ⟨_, _, hf⟩ rw [succ_le_iff, ← hf] exact lt_blsub _ _ _ #align ordinal.bsup_succ_le_blsub Ordinal.bsup_succ_le_blsub theorem bsup_succ_eq_blsub {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : succ (bsup.{_, v} o f) = blsub.{_, v} o f ↔ ∃ i hi, f i hi = bsup.{_, v} o f := (blsub_le_bsup_succ f).le_iff_eq.symm.trans (bsup_succ_le_blsub f) #align ordinal.bsup_succ_eq_blsub Ordinal.bsup_succ_eq_blsub theorem bsup_eq_blsub_iff_succ {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} o f = blsub.{_, v} o f ↔ ∀ a < blsub.{_, v} o f, succ a < blsub.{_, v} o f := by rw [← sup_eq_bsup, ← lsub_eq_blsub] apply sup_eq_lsub_iff_succ #align ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_iff_succ Ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_iff_succ theorem bsup_eq_blsub_iff_lt_bsup {o : Ordinal.{u}} (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}) : bsup.{_, v} o f = blsub.{_, v} o f ↔ ∀ i hi, f i hi < bsup.{_, v} o f := ⟨fun h i => by rw [h] apply lt_blsub, fun h => le_antisymm (bsup_le_blsub f) (blsub_le h)⟩ #align ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_iff_lt_bsup Ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_iff_lt_bsup theorem bsup_eq_blsub_of_lt_succ_limit {o : Ordinal.{u}} (ho : IsLimit o) {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v}} (hf : ∀ a ha, f a ha < f (succ a) (ho.2 a ha)) : bsup.{_, v} o f = blsub.{_, v} o f := by rw [bsup_eq_blsub_iff_lt_bsup] exact fun i hi => (hf i hi).trans_le (le_bsup f _ _) #align ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_of_lt_succ_limit Ordinal.bsup_eq_blsub_of_lt_succ_limit theorem blsub_succ_of_mono {o : Ordinal.{u}} {f : ∀ a < succ o, Ordinal.{max u v}} (hf : ∀ {i j} (hi hj), i ≤ j → f i hi ≤ f j hj) : blsub.{_, v} _ f = succ (f o (lt_succ o)) := bsup_succ_of_mono fun {_ _} hi hj h => succ_le_succ (hf hi hj h) #align ordinal.blsub_succ_of_mono Ordinal.blsub_succ_of_mono @[simp] theorem blsub_eq_zero_iff {o} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} : blsub o f = 0 ↔ o = 0 := by rw [← lsub_eq_blsub, lsub_eq_zero_iff] exact out_empty_iff_eq_zero #align ordinal.blsub_eq_zero_iff Ordinal.blsub_eq_zero_iff -- Porting note: `rwa` → `rw` @[simp] theorem blsub_zero (f : ∀ a < (0 : Ordinal), Ordinal) : blsub 0 f = 0 := by rw [blsub_eq_zero_iff] #align ordinal.blsub_zero Ordinal.blsub_zero theorem blsub_pos {o : Ordinal} (ho : 0 < o) (f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal) : 0 < blsub o f := (Ordinal.zero_le _).trans_lt (lt_blsub f 0 ho) #align ordinal.blsub_pos Ordinal.blsub_pos theorem blsub_type {α : Type u} (r : α → α → Prop) [IsWellOrder α r] (f : ∀ a < type r, Ordinal.{max u v}) : blsub.{_, v} (type r) f = lsub.{_, v} fun a => f (typein r a) (typein_lt_type _ _) := eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun o => by rw [blsub_le_iff, lsub_le_iff]; exact ⟨fun H b => H _ _, fun H i h => by simpa only [typein_enum] using H (enum r i h)⟩ #align ordinal.blsub_type Ordinal.blsub_type theorem blsub_const {o : Ordinal} (ho : o ≠ 0) (a : Ordinal) : (blsub.{u, v} o fun _ _ => a) = succ a := bsup_const.{u, v} ho (succ a) #align ordinal.blsub_const Ordinal.blsub_const @[simp] theorem blsub_one (f : ∀ a < (1 : Ordinal), Ordinal) : blsub 1 f = succ (f 0 zero_lt_one) := bsup_one _ #align ordinal.blsub_one Ordinal.blsub_one @[simp] theorem blsub_id : ∀ o, (blsub.{u, u} o fun x _ => x) = o := lsub_typein #align ordinal.blsub_id Ordinal.blsub_id theorem bsup_id_limit {o : Ordinal} : (∀ a < o, succ a < o) → (bsup.{u, u} o fun x _ => x) = o := sup_typein_limit #align ordinal.bsup_id_limit Ordinal.bsup_id_limit @[simp] theorem bsup_id_succ (o) : (bsup.{u, u} (succ o) fun x _ => x) = o := sup_typein_succ #align ordinal.bsup_id_succ Ordinal.bsup_id_succ theorem blsub_le_of_brange_subset {o o'} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal} (h : brange o f ⊆ brange o' g) : blsub.{u, max v w} o f ≤ blsub.{v, max u w} o' g := bsup_le_of_brange_subset.{u, v, w} fun a ⟨b, hb, hb'⟩ => by obtain ⟨c, hc, hc'⟩ := h ⟨b, hb, rfl⟩ simp_rw [← hc'] at hb' exact ⟨c, hc, hb'⟩ #align ordinal.blsub_le_of_brange_subset Ordinal.blsub_le_of_brange_subset theorem blsub_eq_of_brange_eq {o o'} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal} {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal} (h : { o | ∃ i hi, f i hi = o } = { o | ∃ i hi, g i hi = o }) : blsub.{u, max v w} o f = blsub.{v, max u w} o' g := (blsub_le_of_brange_subset.{u, v, w} h.le).antisymm (blsub_le_of_brange_subset.{v, u, w} h.ge) #align ordinal.blsub_eq_of_brange_eq Ordinal.blsub_eq_of_brange_eq theorem bsup_comp {o o' : Ordinal.{max u v}} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v w}} (hf : ∀ {i j} (hi) (hj), i ≤ j → f i hi ≤ f j hj) {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal.{max u v}} (hg : blsub.{_, u} o' g = o) : (bsup.{_, w} o' fun a ha => f (g a ha) (by rw [← hg]; apply lt_blsub)) = bsup.{_, w} o f := by apply le_antisymm <;> refine bsup_le fun i hi => ?_ · apply le_bsup · rw [← hg, lt_blsub_iff] at hi rcases hi with ⟨j, hj, hj'⟩ exact (hf _ _ hj').trans (le_bsup _ _ _) #align ordinal.bsup_comp Ordinal.bsup_comp theorem blsub_comp {o o' : Ordinal.{max u v}} {f : ∀ a < o, Ordinal.{max u v w}} (hf : ∀ {i j} (hi) (hj), i ≤ j → f i hi ≤ f j hj) {g : ∀ a < o', Ordinal.{max u v}} (hg : blsub.{_, u} o' g = o) : (blsub.{_, w} o' fun a ha => f (g a ha) (by rw [← hg]; apply lt_blsub)) = blsub.{_, w} o f := @bsup_comp.{u, v, w} o _ (fun a ha => succ (f a ha)) (fun {_ _} _ _ h => succ_le_succ_iff.2 (hf _ _ h)) g hg #align ordinal.blsub_comp Ordinal.blsub_comp theorem IsNormal.bsup_eq {f : Ordinal.{u} → Ordinal.{max u v}} (H : IsNormal f) {o : Ordinal.{u}} (h : IsLimit o) : (Ordinal.bsup.{_, v} o fun x _ => f x) = f o := by rw [← IsNormal.bsup.{u, u, v} H (fun x _ => x) h.1, bsup_id_limit h.2] #align ordinal.is_normal.bsup_eq Ordinal.IsNormal.bsup_eq theorem IsNormal.blsub_eq {f : Ordinal.{u} → Ordinal.{max u v}} (H : IsNormal f) {o : Ordinal.{u}} (h : IsLimit o) : (blsub.{_, v} o fun x _ => f x) = f o := by rw [← IsNormal.bsup_eq.{u, v} H h, bsup_eq_blsub_of_lt_succ_limit h] exact fun a _ => H.1 a #align ordinal.is_normal.blsub_eq Ordinal.IsNormal.blsub_eq theorem isNormal_iff_lt_succ_and_bsup_eq {f : Ordinal.{u} → Ordinal.{max u v}} : IsNormal f ↔ (∀ a, f a < f (succ a)) ∧ ∀ o, IsLimit o → (bsup.{_, v} o fun x _ => f x) = f o := ⟨fun h => ⟨h.1, @IsNormal.bsup_eq f h⟩, fun ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => ⟨h₁, fun o ho a => by rw [← h₂ o ho] exact bsup_le_iff⟩⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal_iff_lt_succ_and_bsup_eq Ordinal.isNormal_iff_lt_succ_and_bsup_eq theorem isNormal_iff_lt_succ_and_blsub_eq {f : Ordinal.{u} → Ordinal.{max u v}} : IsNormal f ↔ (∀ a, f a < f (succ a)) ∧ ∀ o, IsLimit o → (blsub.{_, v} o fun x _ => f x) = f o := by rw [isNormal_iff_lt_succ_and_bsup_eq.{u, v}, and_congr_right_iff] intro h constructor <;> intro H o ho <;> have := H o ho <;> rwa [← bsup_eq_blsub_of_lt_succ_limit ho fun a _ => h a] at * #align ordinal.is_normal_iff_lt_succ_and_blsub_eq Ordinal.isNormal_iff_lt_succ_and_blsub_eq theorem IsNormal.eq_iff_zero_and_succ {f g : Ordinal.{u} → Ordinal.{u}} (hf : IsNormal f) (hg : IsNormal g) : f = g ↔ f 0 = g 0 ∧ ∀ a, f a = g a → f (succ a) = g (succ a) := ⟨fun h => by simp [h], fun ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => funext fun a => by induction' a using limitRecOn with _ _ _ ho H any_goals solve_by_elim rw [← IsNormal.bsup_eq.{u, u} hf ho, ← IsNormal.bsup_eq.{u, u} hg ho] congr ext b hb exact H b hb⟩ #align ordinal.is_normal.eq_iff_zero_and_succ Ordinal.IsNormal.eq_iff_zero_and_succ def blsub₂ (o₁ o₂ : Ordinal) (op : {a : Ordinal} → (a < o₁) → {b : Ordinal} → (b < o₂) → Ordinal) : Ordinal := lsub (fun x : o₁.out.α × o₂.out.α => op (typein_lt_self x.1) (typein_lt_self x.2)) #align ordinal.blsub₂ Ordinal.blsub₂ theorem lt_blsub₂ {o₁ o₂ : Ordinal} (op : {a : Ordinal} → (a < o₁) → {b : Ordinal} → (b < o₂) → Ordinal) {a b : Ordinal} (ha : a < o₁) (hb : b < o₂) : op ha hb < blsub₂ o₁ o₂ op := by convert lt_lsub _ (Prod.mk (enum (· < ·) a (by rwa [type_lt])) (enum (· < ·) b (by rwa [type_lt]))) simp only [typein_enum] #align ordinal.lt_blsub₂ Ordinal.lt_blsub₂ def mex {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : Ordinal := sInf (Set.range f)ᶜ #align ordinal.mex Ordinal.mex theorem mex_not_mem_range {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : mex.{_, v} f ∉ Set.range f := csInf_mem (nonempty_compl_range.{_, v} f) #align ordinal.mex_not_mem_range Ordinal.mex_not_mem_range theorem le_mex_of_forall {ι : Type u} {f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}} {a : Ordinal} (H : ∀ b < a, ∃ i, f i = b) : a ≤ mex.{_, v} f := by by_contra! h exact mex_not_mem_range f (H _ h) #align ordinal.le_mex_of_forall Ordinal.le_mex_of_forall theorem ne_mex {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : ∀ i, f i ≠ mex.{_, v} f := by simpa using mex_not_mem_range.{_, v} f #align ordinal.ne_mex Ordinal.ne_mex theorem mex_le_of_ne {ι} {f : ι → Ordinal} {a} (ha : ∀ i, f i ≠ a) : mex f ≤ a := csInf_le' (by simp [ha]) #align ordinal.mex_le_of_ne Ordinal.mex_le_of_ne theorem exists_of_lt_mex {ι} {f : ι → Ordinal} {a} (ha : a < mex f) : ∃ i, f i = a := by by_contra! ha' exact ha.not_le (mex_le_of_ne ha') #align ordinal.exists_of_lt_mex Ordinal.exists_of_lt_mex theorem mex_le_lsub {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{max u v}) : mex.{_, v} f ≤ lsub.{_, v} f := csInf_le' (lsub_not_mem_range f) #align ordinal.mex_le_lsub Ordinal.mex_le_lsub theorem mex_monotone {α β : Type u} {f : α → Ordinal.{max u v}} {g : β → Ordinal.{max u v}} (h : Set.range f ⊆ Set.range g) : mex.{_, v} f ≤ mex.{_, v} g := by refine mex_le_of_ne fun i hi => ?_ cases' h ⟨i, rfl⟩ with j hj rw [← hj] at hi exact ne_mex g j hi #align ordinal.mex_monotone Ordinal.mex_monotone
Mathlib/SetTheory/Ordinal/Arithmetic.lean
2,056
2,069
theorem mex_lt_ord_succ_mk {ι : Type u} (f : ι → Ordinal.{u}) : mex.{_, u} f < (succ #ι).ord := by
by_contra! h apply (lt_succ #ι).not_le have H := fun a => exists_of_lt_mex ((typein_lt_self a).trans_le h) let g : (succ #ι).ord.out.α → ι := fun a => Classical.choose (H a) have hg : Injective g := fun a b h' => by have Hf : ∀ x, f (g x) = typein ((· < ·) : (succ #ι).ord.out.α → (succ #ι).ord.out.α → Prop) x := fun a => Classical.choose_spec (H a) apply_fun f at h' rwa [Hf, Hf, typein_inj] at h' convert Cardinal.mk_le_of_injective hg rw [Cardinal.mk_ord_out (succ #ι)]
import Mathlib.Data.List.Sublists import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Bind #align_import data.multiset.powerset from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"9003f28797c0664a49e4179487267c494477d853" namespace Multiset open List variable {α : Type*} -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: Write a more efficient version def powersetAux (l : List α) : List (Multiset α) := (sublists l).map (↑) #align multiset.powerset_aux Multiset.powersetAux theorem powersetAux_eq_map_coe {l : List α} : powersetAux l = (sublists l).map (↑) := rfl #align multiset.powerset_aux_eq_map_coe Multiset.powersetAux_eq_map_coe @[simp] theorem mem_powersetAux {l : List α} {s} : s ∈ powersetAux l ↔ s ≤ ↑l := Quotient.inductionOn s <| by simp [powersetAux_eq_map_coe, Subperm, and_comm] #align multiset.mem_powerset_aux Multiset.mem_powersetAux def powersetAux' (l : List α) : List (Multiset α) := (sublists' l).map (↑) #align multiset.powerset_aux' Multiset.powersetAux' theorem powersetAux_perm_powersetAux' {l : List α} : powersetAux l ~ powersetAux' l := by rw [powersetAux_eq_map_coe]; exact (sublists_perm_sublists' _).map _ #align multiset.powerset_aux_perm_powerset_aux' Multiset.powersetAux_perm_powersetAux' @[simp] theorem powersetAux'_nil : powersetAux' (@nil α) = [0] := rfl #align multiset.powerset_aux'_nil Multiset.powersetAux'_nil @[simp] theorem powersetAux'_cons (a : α) (l : List α) : powersetAux' (a :: l) = powersetAux' l ++ List.map (cons a) (powersetAux' l) := by simp only [powersetAux', sublists'_cons, map_append, List.map_map, append_cancel_left_eq]; rfl #align multiset.powerset_aux'_cons Multiset.powersetAux'_cons theorem powerset_aux'_perm {l₁ l₂ : List α} (p : l₁ ~ l₂) : powersetAux' l₁ ~ powersetAux' l₂ := by induction' p with a l₁ l₂ p IH a b l l₁ l₂ l₃ _ _ IH₁ IH₂ · simp · simp only [powersetAux'_cons] exact IH.append (IH.map _) · simp only [powersetAux'_cons, map_append, List.map_map, append_assoc] apply Perm.append_left rw [← append_assoc, ← append_assoc, (by funext s; simp [cons_swap] : cons b ∘ cons a = cons a ∘ cons b)] exact perm_append_comm.append_right _ · exact IH₁.trans IH₂ #align multiset.powerset_aux'_perm Multiset.powerset_aux'_perm theorem powersetAux_perm {l₁ l₂ : List α} (p : l₁ ~ l₂) : powersetAux l₁ ~ powersetAux l₂ := powersetAux_perm_powersetAux'.trans <| (powerset_aux'_perm p).trans powersetAux_perm_powersetAux'.symm #align multiset.powerset_aux_perm Multiset.powersetAux_perm --Porting note (#11083): slightly slower implementation due to `map ofList` def powerset (s : Multiset α) : Multiset (Multiset α) := Quot.liftOn s (fun l => (powersetAux l : Multiset (Multiset α))) (fun _ _ h => Quot.sound (powersetAux_perm h)) #align multiset.powerset Multiset.powerset theorem powerset_coe (l : List α) : @powerset α l = ((sublists l).map (↑) : List (Multiset α)) := congr_arg ((↑) : List (Multiset α) → Multiset (Multiset α)) powersetAux_eq_map_coe #align multiset.powerset_coe Multiset.powerset_coe @[simp] theorem powerset_coe' (l : List α) : @powerset α l = ((sublists' l).map (↑) : List (Multiset α)) := Quot.sound powersetAux_perm_powersetAux' #align multiset.powerset_coe' Multiset.powerset_coe' @[simp] theorem powerset_zero : @powerset α 0 = {0} := rfl #align multiset.powerset_zero Multiset.powerset_zero @[simp] theorem powerset_cons (a : α) (s) : powerset (a ::ₘ s) = powerset s + map (cons a) (powerset s) := Quotient.inductionOn s fun l => by simp only [quot_mk_to_coe, cons_coe, powerset_coe', sublists'_cons, map_append, List.map_map, map_coe, coe_add, coe_eq_coe]; rfl #align multiset.powerset_cons Multiset.powerset_cons @[simp] theorem mem_powerset {s t : Multiset α} : s ∈ powerset t ↔ s ≤ t := Quotient.inductionOn₂ s t <| by simp [Subperm, and_comm] #align multiset.mem_powerset Multiset.mem_powerset theorem map_single_le_powerset (s : Multiset α) : s.map singleton ≤ powerset s := Quotient.inductionOn s fun l => by simp only [powerset_coe, quot_mk_to_coe, coe_le, map_coe] show l.map (((↑) : List α → Multiset α) ∘ pure) <+~ (sublists l).map (↑) rw [← List.map_map] exact ((map_pure_sublist_sublists _).map _).subperm #align multiset.map_single_le_powerset Multiset.map_single_le_powerset @[simp] theorem card_powerset (s : Multiset α) : card (powerset s) = 2 ^ card s := Quotient.inductionOn s <| by simp #align multiset.card_powerset Multiset.card_powerset
Mathlib/Data/Multiset/Powerset.lean
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theorem revzip_powersetAux {l : List α} ⦃x⦄ (h : x ∈ revzip (powersetAux l)) : x.1 + x.2 = ↑l := by
rw [revzip, powersetAux_eq_map_coe, ← map_reverse, zip_map, ← revzip, List.mem_map] at h simp only [Prod.map_apply, Prod.exists] at h rcases h with ⟨l₁, l₂, h, rfl, rfl⟩ exact Quot.sound (revzip_sublists _ _ _ h)