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import Mathlib.Data.Matrix.Basic variable {l m n o : Type*} universe u v w variable {R : Type*} {α : Type v} {β : Type w} namespace Matrix def col (w : m → α) : Matrix m Unit α := of fun x _ => w x #align matrix.col Matrix.col -- TODO: set as an equation lemma for `col`, see mathlib4#3024 @[simp] theorem col_apply (w : m → α) (i j) : col w i j = w i := rfl #align matrix.col_apply Matrix.col_apply def row (v : n → α) : Matrix Unit n α := of fun _ y => v y #align matrix.row Matrix.row -- TODO: set as an equation lemma for `row`, see mathlib4#3024 @[simp] theorem row_apply (v : n → α) (i j) : row v i j = v j := rfl #align matrix.row_apply Matrix.row_apply theorem col_injective : Function.Injective (col : (m → α) → _) := fun _x _y h => funext fun i => congr_fun₂ h i () @[simp] theorem col_inj {v w : m → α} : col v = col w ↔ v = w := col_injective.eq_iff @[simp] theorem col_zero [Zero α] : col (0 : m → α) = 0 := rfl @[simp] theorem col_eq_zero [Zero α] (v : m → α) : col v = 0 ↔ v = 0 := col_inj @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Matrix/RowCol.lean
61
63
theorem col_add [Add α] (v w : m → α) : col (v + w) = col v + col w := by
ext rfl
import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Invertible import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.LinearIsometry import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Group.AddTorsor import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Basic import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.AffineSpace.Restrict import Mathlib.Tactic.FailIfNoProgress #align_import analysis.normed_space.affine_isometry from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f0c8bf9245297a541f468be517f1bde6195105e9" open Function Set variable (𝕜 : Type*) {V V₁ V₁' V₂ V₃ V₄ : Type*} {P₁ P₁' : Type*} (P P₂ : Type*) {P₃ P₄ : Type*} [NormedField 𝕜] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V] [PseudoMetricSpace P] [NormedAddTorsor V P] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V₁] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V₁] [PseudoMetricSpace P₁] [NormedAddTorsor V₁ P₁] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V₁'] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V₁'] [MetricSpace P₁'] [NormedAddTorsor V₁' P₁'] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V₂] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V₂] [PseudoMetricSpace P₂] [NormedAddTorsor V₂ P₂] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V₃] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V₃] [PseudoMetricSpace P₃] [NormedAddTorsor V₃ P₃] [SeminormedAddCommGroup V₄] [NormedSpace 𝕜 V₄] [PseudoMetricSpace P₄] [NormedAddTorsor V₄ P₄] structure AffineIsometry extends P →ᵃ[𝕜] P₂ where norm_map : ∀ x : V, ‖linear x‖ = ‖x‖ #align affine_isometry AffineIsometry variable {𝕜 P P₂} @[inherit_doc] notation:25 -- `→ᵃᵢ` would be more consistent with the linear isometry notation, but it is uglier P " →ᵃⁱ[" 𝕜:25 "] " P₂:0 => AffineIsometry 𝕜 P P₂ namespace AffineIsometry variable (f : P →ᵃⁱ[𝕜] P₂) protected def linearIsometry : V →ₗᵢ[𝕜] V₂ := { f.linear with norm_map' := f.norm_map } #align affine_isometry.linear_isometry AffineIsometry.linearIsometry @[simp] theorem linear_eq_linearIsometry : f.linear = f.linearIsometry.toLinearMap := by ext rfl #align affine_isometry.linear_eq_linear_isometry AffineIsometry.linear_eq_linearIsometry instance : FunLike (P →ᵃⁱ[𝕜] P₂) P P₂ := { coe := fun f => f.toFun, coe_injective' := fun f g => by cases f; cases g; simp } @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/NormedSpace/AffineIsometry.lean
82
83
theorem coe_toAffineMap : ⇑f.toAffineMap = f := by
rfl
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Shapes.Pullbacks import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Shapes.BinaryProducts import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Preserves.Shapes.Pullbacks #align_import category_theory.limits.constructions.epi_mono from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f7baecbb54bd0f24f228576f97b1752fc3c9b318" universe v₁ v₂ u₁ u₂ namespace CategoryTheory open Category Limits variable {C : Type u₁} {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₁} C] [Category.{v₂} D] variable (F : C ⥤ D) theorem preserves_mono_of_preservesLimit {X Y : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) [PreservesLimit (cospan f f) F] [Mono f] : Mono (F.map f) := by have := isLimitPullbackConeMapOfIsLimit F _ (PullbackCone.isLimitMkIdId f) simp_rw [F.map_id] at this apply PullbackCone.mono_of_isLimitMkIdId _ this #align category_theory.preserves_mono_of_preserves_limit CategoryTheory.preserves_mono_of_preservesLimit instance (priority := 100) preservesMonomorphisms_of_preservesLimitsOfShape [PreservesLimitsOfShape WalkingCospan F] : F.PreservesMonomorphisms where preserves f _ := preserves_mono_of_preservesLimit F f #align category_theory.preserves_monomorphisms_of_preserves_limits_of_shape CategoryTheory.preservesMonomorphisms_of_preservesLimitsOfShape theorem reflects_mono_of_reflectsLimit {X Y : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) [ReflectsLimit (cospan f f) F] [Mono (F.map f)] : Mono f := by have := PullbackCone.isLimitMkIdId (F.map f) simp_rw [← F.map_id] at this apply PullbackCone.mono_of_isLimitMkIdId _ (isLimitOfIsLimitPullbackConeMap F _ this) #align category_theory.reflects_mono_of_reflects_limit CategoryTheory.reflects_mono_of_reflectsLimit instance (priority := 100) reflectsMonomorphisms_of_reflectsLimitsOfShape [ReflectsLimitsOfShape WalkingCospan F] : F.ReflectsMonomorphisms where reflects f _ := reflects_mono_of_reflectsLimit F f #align category_theory.reflects_monomorphisms_of_reflects_limits_of_shape CategoryTheory.reflectsMonomorphisms_of_reflectsLimitsOfShape theorem preserves_epi_of_preservesColimit {X Y : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) [PreservesColimit (span f f) F] [Epi f] : Epi (F.map f) := by have := isColimitPushoutCoconeMapOfIsColimit F _ (PushoutCocone.isColimitMkIdId f) simp_rw [F.map_id] at this apply PushoutCocone.epi_of_isColimitMkIdId _ this #align category_theory.preserves_epi_of_preserves_colimit CategoryTheory.preserves_epi_of_preservesColimit instance (priority := 100) preservesEpimorphisms_of_preservesColimitsOfShape [PreservesColimitsOfShape WalkingSpan F] : F.PreservesEpimorphisms where preserves f _ := preserves_epi_of_preservesColimit F f #align category_theory.preserves_epimorphisms_of_preserves_colimits_of_shape CategoryTheory.preservesEpimorphisms_of_preservesColimitsOfShape
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Limits/Constructions/EpiMono.lean
71
77
theorem reflects_epi_of_reflectsColimit {X Y : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) [ReflectsColimit (span f f) F] [Epi (F.map f)] : Epi f := by
have := PushoutCocone.isColimitMkIdId (F.map f) simp_rw [← F.map_id] at this apply PushoutCocone.epi_of_isColimitMkIdId _ (isColimitOfIsColimitPushoutCoconeMap F _ this)
import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Rename import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Variables #align_import data.mv_polynomial.monad from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2f5b500a507264de86d666a5f87ddb976e2d8de4" noncomputable section namespace MvPolynomial open Finsupp variable {σ : Type*} {τ : Type*} variable {R S T : Type*} [CommSemiring R] [CommSemiring S] [CommSemiring T] def bind₁ (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) : MvPolynomial σ R →ₐ[R] MvPolynomial τ R := aeval f #align mv_polynomial.bind₁ MvPolynomial.bind₁ def bind₂ (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) : MvPolynomial σ R →+* MvPolynomial σ S := eval₂Hom f X #align mv_polynomial.bind₂ MvPolynomial.bind₂ def join₁ : MvPolynomial (MvPolynomial σ R) R →ₐ[R] MvPolynomial σ R := aeval id #align mv_polynomial.join₁ MvPolynomial.join₁ def join₂ : MvPolynomial σ (MvPolynomial σ R) →+* MvPolynomial σ R := eval₂Hom (RingHom.id _) X #align mv_polynomial.join₂ MvPolynomial.join₂ @[simp] theorem aeval_eq_bind₁ (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) : aeval f = bind₁ f := rfl #align mv_polynomial.aeval_eq_bind₁ MvPolynomial.aeval_eq_bind₁ @[simp] theorem eval₂Hom_C_eq_bind₁ (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) : eval₂Hom C f = bind₁ f := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.eval₂_hom_C_eq_bind₁ MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_C_eq_bind₁ @[simp] theorem eval₂Hom_eq_bind₂ (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) : eval₂Hom f X = bind₂ f := rfl #align mv_polynomial.eval₂_hom_eq_bind₂ MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_eq_bind₂ section variable (σ R) @[simp] theorem aeval_id_eq_join₁ : aeval id = @join₁ σ R _ := rfl #align mv_polynomial.aeval_id_eq_join₁ MvPolynomial.aeval_id_eq_join₁ theorem eval₂Hom_C_id_eq_join₁ (φ : MvPolynomial (MvPolynomial σ R) R) : eval₂Hom C id φ = join₁ φ := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.eval₂_hom_C_id_eq_join₁ MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_C_id_eq_join₁ @[simp] theorem eval₂Hom_id_X_eq_join₂ : eval₂Hom (RingHom.id _) X = @join₂ σ R _ := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.eval₂_hom_id_X_eq_join₂ MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_id_X_eq_join₂ end -- In this file, we don't want to use these simp lemmas, -- because we first need to show how these new definitions interact -- and the proofs fall back on unfolding the definitions and call simp afterwards attribute [-simp] aeval_eq_bind₁ eval₂Hom_C_eq_bind₁ eval₂Hom_eq_bind₂ aeval_id_eq_join₁ eval₂Hom_id_X_eq_join₂ @[simp] theorem bind₁_X_right (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (i : σ) : bind₁ f (X i) = f i := aeval_X f i set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_X_right MvPolynomial.bind₁_X_right @[simp] theorem bind₂_X_right (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (i : σ) : bind₂ f (X i) = X i := eval₂Hom_X' f X i set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_X_right MvPolynomial.bind₂_X_right @[simp] theorem bind₁_X_left : bind₁ (X : σ → MvPolynomial σ R) = AlgHom.id R _ := by ext1 i simp set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_X_left MvPolynomial.bind₁_X_left variable (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) theorem bind₁_C_right (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (x) : bind₁ f (C x) = C x := algHom_C _ _ set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_C_right MvPolynomial.bind₁_C_right @[simp] theorem bind₂_C_right (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (r : R) : bind₂ f (C r) = f r := eval₂Hom_C f X r set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_C_right MvPolynomial.bind₂_C_right @[simp] theorem bind₂_C_left : bind₂ (C : R →+* MvPolynomial σ R) = RingHom.id _ := by ext : 2 <;> simp set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_C_left MvPolynomial.bind₂_C_left @[simp] theorem bind₂_comp_C (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) : (bind₂ f).comp C = f := RingHom.ext <| bind₂_C_right _ set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_comp_C MvPolynomial.bind₂_comp_C @[simp] theorem join₂_map (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : join₂ (map f φ) = bind₂ f φ := by simp only [join₂, bind₂, eval₂Hom_map_hom, RingHom.id_comp] #align mv_polynomial.join₂_map MvPolynomial.join₂_map @[simp] theorem join₂_comp_map (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) : join₂.comp (map f) = bind₂ f := RingHom.ext <| join₂_map _ #align mv_polynomial.join₂_comp_map MvPolynomial.join₂_comp_map theorem aeval_id_rename (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (p : MvPolynomial σ R) : aeval id (rename f p) = aeval f p := by rw [aeval_rename, Function.id_comp] #align mv_polynomial.aeval_id_rename MvPolynomial.aeval_id_rename @[simp] theorem join₁_rename (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : join₁ (rename f φ) = bind₁ f φ := aeval_id_rename _ _ #align mv_polynomial.join₁_rename MvPolynomial.join₁_rename @[simp] theorem bind₁_id : bind₁ (@id (MvPolynomial σ R)) = join₁ := rfl #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_id MvPolynomial.bind₁_id @[simp] theorem bind₂_id : bind₂ (RingHom.id (MvPolynomial σ R)) = join₂ := rfl #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_id MvPolynomial.bind₂_id theorem bind₁_bind₁ {υ : Type*} (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (g : τ → MvPolynomial υ R) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : (bind₁ g) (bind₁ f φ) = bind₁ (fun i => bind₁ g (f i)) φ := by simp [bind₁, ← comp_aeval] #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_bind₁ MvPolynomial.bind₁_bind₁ theorem bind₁_comp_bind₁ {υ : Type*} (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (g : τ → MvPolynomial υ R) : (bind₁ g).comp (bind₁ f) = bind₁ fun i => bind₁ g (f i) := by ext1 apply bind₁_bind₁ #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_comp_bind₁ MvPolynomial.bind₁_comp_bind₁ theorem bind₂_comp_bind₂ (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (g : S →+* MvPolynomial σ T) : (bind₂ g).comp (bind₂ f) = bind₂ ((bind₂ g).comp f) := by ext : 2 <;> simp #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_comp_bind₂ MvPolynomial.bind₂_comp_bind₂ theorem bind₂_bind₂ (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (g : S →+* MvPolynomial σ T) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : (bind₂ g) (bind₂ f φ) = bind₂ ((bind₂ g).comp f) φ := RingHom.congr_fun (bind₂_comp_bind₂ f g) φ #align mv_polynomial.bind₂_bind₂ MvPolynomial.bind₂_bind₂ theorem rename_comp_bind₁ {υ : Type*} (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (g : τ → υ) : (rename g).comp (bind₁ f) = bind₁ fun i => rename g <| f i := by ext1 i simp #align mv_polynomial.rename_comp_bind₁ MvPolynomial.rename_comp_bind₁ theorem rename_bind₁ {υ : Type*} (f : σ → MvPolynomial τ R) (g : τ → υ) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : rename g (bind₁ f φ) = bind₁ (fun i => rename g <| f i) φ := AlgHom.congr_fun (rename_comp_bind₁ f g) φ #align mv_polynomial.rename_bind₁ MvPolynomial.rename_bind₁ theorem map_bind₂ (f : R →+* MvPolynomial σ S) (g : S →+* T) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : map g (bind₂ f φ) = bind₂ ((map g).comp f) φ := by simp only [bind₂, eval₂_comp_right, coe_eval₂Hom, eval₂_map] congr 1 with : 1 simp only [Function.comp_apply, map_X] #align mv_polynomial.map_bind₂ MvPolynomial.map_bind₂ theorem bind₁_comp_rename {υ : Type*} (f : τ → MvPolynomial υ R) (g : σ → τ) : (bind₁ f).comp (rename g) = bind₁ (f ∘ g) := by ext1 i simp #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_comp_rename MvPolynomial.bind₁_comp_rename theorem bind₁_rename {υ : Type*} (f : τ → MvPolynomial υ R) (g : σ → τ) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : bind₁ f (rename g φ) = bind₁ (f ∘ g) φ := AlgHom.congr_fun (bind₁_comp_rename f g) φ #align mv_polynomial.bind₁_rename MvPolynomial.bind₁_rename
Mathlib/Algebra/MvPolynomial/Monad.lean
268
269
theorem bind₂_map (f : S →+* MvPolynomial σ T) (g : R →+* S) (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : bind₂ f (map g φ) = bind₂ (f.comp g) φ := by
simp [bind₂]
import Mathlib.Order.Filter.CountableInter set_option autoImplicit true open Function Set Filter class HasCountableSeparatingOn (α : Type*) (p : Set α → Prop) (t : Set α) : Prop where exists_countable_separating : ∃ S : Set (Set α), S.Countable ∧ (∀ s ∈ S, p s) ∧ ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (∀ s ∈ S, x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) → x = y theorem exists_countable_separating (α : Type*) (p : Set α → Prop) (t : Set α) [h : HasCountableSeparatingOn α p t] : ∃ S : Set (Set α), S.Countable ∧ (∀ s ∈ S, p s) ∧ ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (∀ s ∈ S, x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) → x = y := h.1 theorem exists_nonempty_countable_separating (α : Type*) {p : Set α → Prop} {s₀} (hp : p s₀) (t : Set α) [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p t] : ∃ S : Set (Set α), S.Nonempty ∧ S.Countable ∧ (∀ s ∈ S, p s) ∧ ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (∀ s ∈ S, x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) → x = y := let ⟨S, hSc, hSp, hSt⟩ := exists_countable_separating α p t ⟨insert s₀ S, insert_nonempty _ _, hSc.insert _, forall_insert_of_forall hSp hp, fun x hx y hy hxy ↦ hSt x hx y hy <| forall_of_forall_insert hxy⟩ theorem exists_seq_separating (α : Type*) {p : Set α → Prop} {s₀} (hp : p s₀) (t : Set α) [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p t] : ∃ S : ℕ → Set α, (∀ n, p (S n)) ∧ ∀ x ∈ t, ∀ y ∈ t, (∀ n, x ∈ S n ↔ y ∈ S n) → x = y := by rcases exists_nonempty_countable_separating α hp t with ⟨S, hSne, hSc, hS⟩ rcases hSc.exists_eq_range hSne with ⟨S, rfl⟩ use S simpa only [forall_mem_range] using hS theorem HasCountableSeparatingOn.mono {α} {p₁ p₂ : Set α → Prop} {t₁ t₂ : Set α} [h : HasCountableSeparatingOn α p₁ t₁] (hp : ∀ s, p₁ s → p₂ s) (ht : t₂ ⊆ t₁) : HasCountableSeparatingOn α p₂ t₂ where exists_countable_separating := let ⟨S, hSc, hSp, hSt⟩ := h.1 ⟨S, hSc, fun s hs ↦ hp s (hSp s hs), fun x hx y hy ↦ hSt x (ht hx) y (ht hy)⟩ theorem HasCountableSeparatingOn.of_subtype {α : Type*} {p : Set α → Prop} {t : Set α} {q : Set t → Prop} [h : HasCountableSeparatingOn t q univ] (hpq : ∀ U, q U → ∃ V, p V ∧ (↑) ⁻¹' V = U) : HasCountableSeparatingOn α p t := by rcases h.1 with ⟨S, hSc, hSq, hS⟩ choose! V hpV hV using fun s hs ↦ hpq s (hSq s hs) refine ⟨⟨V '' S, hSc.image _, forall_mem_image.2 hpV, fun x hx y hy h ↦ ?_⟩⟩ refine congr_arg Subtype.val (hS ⟨x, hx⟩ trivial ⟨y, hy⟩ trivial fun U hU ↦ ?_) rw [← hV U hU] exact h _ (mem_image_of_mem _ hU) theorem HasCountableSeparatingOn.subtype_iff {α : Type*} {p : Set α → Prop} {t : Set α} : HasCountableSeparatingOn t (fun u ↦ ∃ v, p v ∧ (↑) ⁻¹' v = u) univ ↔ HasCountableSeparatingOn α p t := by constructor <;> intro h · exact h.of_subtype $ fun s ↦ id rcases h with ⟨S, Sct, Sp, hS⟩ use {Subtype.val ⁻¹' s | s ∈ S}, Sct.image _, ?_, ?_ · rintro u ⟨t, tS, rfl⟩ exact ⟨t, Sp _ tS, rfl⟩ rintro x - y - hxy exact Subtype.val_injective $ hS _ (Subtype.coe_prop _) _ (Subtype.coe_prop _) fun s hs ↦ hxy (Subtype.val ⁻¹' s) ⟨s, hs, rfl⟩ namespace Filter variable {l : Filter α} [CountableInterFilter l] {f g : α → β} theorem exists_subset_subsingleton_mem_of_forall_separating (p : Set α → Prop) {s : Set α} [h : HasCountableSeparatingOn α p s] (hs : s ∈ l) (hl : ∀ U, p U → U ∈ l ∨ Uᶜ ∈ l) : ∃ t, t ⊆ s ∧ t.Subsingleton ∧ t ∈ l := by rcases h.1 with ⟨S, hSc, hSp, hS⟩ refine ⟨s ∩ ⋂₀ (S ∩ l.sets) ∩ ⋂ (U ∈ S) (_ : Uᶜ ∈ l), Uᶜ, ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ · exact fun _ h ↦ h.1.1 · intro x hx y hy simp only [mem_sInter, mem_inter_iff, mem_iInter, mem_compl_iff] at hx hy refine hS x hx.1.1 y hy.1.1 (fun s hsS ↦ ?_) cases hl s (hSp s hsS) with | inl hsl => simp only [hx.1.2 s ⟨hsS, hsl⟩, hy.1.2 s ⟨hsS, hsl⟩] | inr hsl => simp only [hx.2 s hsS hsl, hy.2 s hsS hsl] · exact inter_mem (inter_mem hs ((countable_sInter_mem (hSc.mono inter_subset_left)).2 fun _ h ↦ h.2)) ((countable_bInter_mem hSc).2 fun U hU ↦ iInter_mem.2 id) theorem exists_mem_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_nonempty_of_forall_separating (p : Set α → Prop) {s : Set α} [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p s] (hs : s ∈ l) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hl : ∀ U, p U → U ∈ l ∨ Uᶜ ∈ l) : ∃ a ∈ s, {a} ∈ l := by rcases exists_subset_subsingleton_mem_of_forall_separating p hs hl with ⟨t, hts, ht, htl⟩ rcases ht.eq_empty_or_singleton with rfl | ⟨x, rfl⟩ · exact hne.imp fun a ha ↦ ⟨ha, mem_of_superset htl (empty_subset _)⟩ · exact ⟨x, hts rfl, htl⟩ theorem exists_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_forall_separating [Nonempty α] (p : Set α → Prop) {s : Set α} [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p s] (hs : s ∈ l) (hl : ∀ U, p U → U ∈ l ∨ Uᶜ ∈ l) : ∃ a, {a} ∈ l := by rcases s.eq_empty_or_nonempty with rfl | hne · exact ‹Nonempty α›.elim fun a ↦ ⟨a, mem_of_superset hs (empty_subset _)⟩ · exact (exists_mem_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_nonempty_of_forall_separating p hs hne hl).imp fun _ ↦ And.right theorem exists_subsingleton_mem_of_forall_separating (p : Set α → Prop) [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p univ] (hl : ∀ U, p U → U ∈ l ∨ Uᶜ ∈ l) : ∃ s : Set α, s.Subsingleton ∧ s ∈ l := let ⟨t, _, hts, htl⟩ := exists_subset_subsingleton_mem_of_forall_separating p univ_mem hl ⟨t, hts, htl⟩ theorem exists_singleton_mem_of_forall_separating [Nonempty α] (p : Set α → Prop) [HasCountableSeparatingOn α p univ] (hl : ∀ U, p U → U ∈ l ∨ Uᶜ ∈ l) : ∃ x : α, {x} ∈ l := exists_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_forall_separating p univ_mem hl theorem exists_mem_eventuallyEq_const_of_eventually_mem_of_forall_separating (p : Set β → Prop) {s : Set β} [HasCountableSeparatingOn β p s] (hs : ∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (h : ∀ U, p U → (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ U) ∨ (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∉ U)) : ∃ a ∈ s, f =ᶠ[l] const α a := exists_mem_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_nonempty_of_forall_separating p (l := map f l) hs hne h theorem exists_eventuallyEq_const_of_eventually_mem_of_forall_separating [Nonempty β] (p : Set β → Prop) {s : Set β} [HasCountableSeparatingOn β p s] (hs : ∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ s) (h : ∀ U, p U → (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ U) ∨ (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∉ U)) : ∃ a, f =ᶠ[l] const α a := exists_singleton_mem_of_mem_of_forall_separating (l := map f l) p hs h theorem exists_eventuallyEq_const_of_forall_separating [Nonempty β] (p : Set β → Prop) [HasCountableSeparatingOn β p univ] (h : ∀ U, p U → (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ U) ∨ (∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∉ U)) : ∃ a, f =ᶠ[l] const α a := exists_singleton_mem_of_forall_separating (l := map f l) p h namespace EventuallyEq
Mathlib/Order/Filter/CountableSeparatingOn.lean
237
243
theorem of_eventually_mem_of_forall_separating_mem_iff (p : Set β → Prop) {s : Set β} [h' : HasCountableSeparatingOn β p s] (hf : ∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ s) (hg : ∀ᶠ x in l, g x ∈ s) (h : ∀ U : Set β, p U → ∀ᶠ x in l, f x ∈ U ↔ g x ∈ U) : f =ᶠ[l] g := by
rcases h'.1 with ⟨S, hSc, hSp, hS⟩ have H : ∀ᶠ x in l, ∀ s ∈ S, f x ∈ s ↔ g x ∈ s := (eventually_countable_ball hSc).2 fun s hs ↦ (h _ (hSp _ hs)) filter_upwards [H, hf, hg] with x hx hxf hxg using hS _ hxf _ hxg hx
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Trim import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.MeasurableSpace.CountablyGenerated #align_import measure_theory.measure.ae_measurable from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3310acfa9787aa171db6d4cba3945f6f275fe9f2" open scoped Classical open MeasureTheory MeasureTheory.Measure Filter Set Function ENNReal variable {ι α β γ δ R : Type*} {m0 : MeasurableSpace α} [MeasurableSpace β] [MeasurableSpace γ] [MeasurableSpace δ] {f g : α → β} {μ ν : Measure α} section @[nontriviality, measurability] theorem Subsingleton.aemeasurable [Subsingleton α] : AEMeasurable f μ := Subsingleton.measurable.aemeasurable #align subsingleton.ae_measurable Subsingleton.aemeasurable @[nontriviality, measurability] theorem aemeasurable_of_subsingleton_codomain [Subsingleton β] : AEMeasurable f μ := (measurable_of_subsingleton_codomain f).aemeasurable #align ae_measurable_of_subsingleton_codomain aemeasurable_of_subsingleton_codomain @[simp, measurability] theorem aemeasurable_zero_measure : AEMeasurable f (0 : Measure α) := by nontriviality α; inhabit α exact ⟨fun _ => f default, measurable_const, rfl⟩ #align ae_measurable_zero_measure aemeasurable_zero_measure theorem aemeasurable_id'' (μ : Measure α) {m : MeasurableSpace α} (hm : m ≤ m0) : @AEMeasurable α α m m0 id μ := @Measurable.aemeasurable α α m0 m id μ (measurable_id'' hm) #align probability_theory.ae_measurable_id'' aemeasurable_id'' lemma aemeasurable_of_map_neZero {mβ : MeasurableSpace β} {μ : Measure α} {f : α → β} (h : NeZero (μ.map f)) : AEMeasurable f μ := by by_contra h' simp [h'] at h namespace AEMeasurable lemma mono_ac (hf : AEMeasurable f ν) (hμν : μ ≪ ν) : AEMeasurable f μ := ⟨hf.mk f, hf.measurable_mk, hμν.ae_le hf.ae_eq_mk⟩ theorem mono_measure (h : AEMeasurable f μ) (h' : ν ≤ μ) : AEMeasurable f ν := mono_ac h h'.absolutelyContinuous #align ae_measurable.mono_measure AEMeasurable.mono_measure theorem mono_set {s t} (h : s ⊆ t) (ht : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict t)) : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict s) := ht.mono_measure (restrict_mono h le_rfl) #align ae_measurable.mono_set AEMeasurable.mono_set protected theorem mono' (h : AEMeasurable f μ) (h' : ν ≪ μ) : AEMeasurable f ν := ⟨h.mk f, h.measurable_mk, h' h.ae_eq_mk⟩ #align ae_measurable.mono' AEMeasurable.mono' theorem ae_mem_imp_eq_mk {s} (h : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict s)) : ∀ᵐ x ∂μ, x ∈ s → f x = h.mk f x := ae_imp_of_ae_restrict h.ae_eq_mk #align ae_measurable.ae_mem_imp_eq_mk AEMeasurable.ae_mem_imp_eq_mk theorem ae_inf_principal_eq_mk {s} (h : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict s)) : f =ᶠ[ae μ ⊓ 𝓟 s] h.mk f := le_ae_restrict h.ae_eq_mk #align ae_measurable.ae_inf_principal_eq_mk AEMeasurable.ae_inf_principal_eq_mk @[measurability] theorem sum_measure [Countable ι] {μ : ι → Measure α} (h : ∀ i, AEMeasurable f (μ i)) : AEMeasurable f (sum μ) := by nontriviality β inhabit β set s : ι → Set α := fun i => toMeasurable (μ i) { x | f x ≠ (h i).mk f x } have hsμ : ∀ i, μ i (s i) = 0 := by intro i rw [measure_toMeasurable] exact (h i).ae_eq_mk have hsm : MeasurableSet (⋂ i, s i) := MeasurableSet.iInter fun i => measurableSet_toMeasurable _ _ have hs : ∀ i x, x ∉ s i → f x = (h i).mk f x := by intro i x hx contrapose! hx exact subset_toMeasurable _ _ hx set g : α → β := (⋂ i, s i).piecewise (const α default) f refine ⟨g, measurable_of_restrict_of_restrict_compl hsm ?_ ?_, ae_sum_iff.mpr fun i => ?_⟩ · rw [restrict_piecewise] simp only [s, Set.restrict, const] exact measurable_const · rw [restrict_piecewise_compl, compl_iInter] intro t ht refine ⟨⋃ i, (h i).mk f ⁻¹' t ∩ (s i)ᶜ, MeasurableSet.iUnion fun i ↦ (measurable_mk _ ht).inter (measurableSet_toMeasurable _ _).compl, ?_⟩ ext ⟨x, hx⟩ simp only [mem_preimage, mem_iUnion, Subtype.coe_mk, Set.restrict, mem_inter_iff, mem_compl_iff] at hx ⊢ constructor · rintro ⟨i, hxt, hxs⟩ rwa [hs _ _ hxs] · rcases hx with ⟨i, hi⟩ rw [hs _ _ hi] exact fun h => ⟨i, h, hi⟩ · refine measure_mono_null (fun x (hx : f x ≠ g x) => ?_) (hsμ i) contrapose! hx refine (piecewise_eq_of_not_mem _ _ _ ?_).symm exact fun h => hx (mem_iInter.1 h i) #align ae_measurable.sum_measure AEMeasurable.sum_measure @[simp] theorem _root_.aemeasurable_sum_measure_iff [Countable ι] {μ : ι → Measure α} : AEMeasurable f (sum μ) ↔ ∀ i, AEMeasurable f (μ i) := ⟨fun h _ => h.mono_measure (le_sum _ _), sum_measure⟩ #align ae_measurable_sum_measure_iff aemeasurable_sum_measure_iff @[simp] theorem _root_.aemeasurable_add_measure_iff : AEMeasurable f (μ + ν) ↔ AEMeasurable f μ ∧ AEMeasurable f ν := by rw [← sum_cond, aemeasurable_sum_measure_iff, Bool.forall_bool, and_comm] rfl #align ae_measurable_add_measure_iff aemeasurable_add_measure_iff @[measurability] theorem add_measure {f : α → β} (hμ : AEMeasurable f μ) (hν : AEMeasurable f ν) : AEMeasurable f (μ + ν) := aemeasurable_add_measure_iff.2 ⟨hμ, hν⟩ #align ae_measurable.add_measure AEMeasurable.add_measure @[measurability] protected theorem iUnion [Countable ι] {s : ι → Set α} (h : ∀ i, AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict (s i))) : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict (⋃ i, s i)) := (sum_measure h).mono_measure <| restrict_iUnion_le #align ae_measurable.Union AEMeasurable.iUnion @[simp] theorem _root_.aemeasurable_iUnion_iff [Countable ι] {s : ι → Set α} : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict (⋃ i, s i)) ↔ ∀ i, AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict (s i)) := ⟨fun h _ => h.mono_measure <| restrict_mono (subset_iUnion _ _) le_rfl, AEMeasurable.iUnion⟩ #align ae_measurable_Union_iff aemeasurable_iUnion_iff @[simp] theorem _root_.aemeasurable_union_iff {s t : Set α} : AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict (s ∪ t)) ↔ AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict s) ∧ AEMeasurable f (μ.restrict t) := by simp only [union_eq_iUnion, aemeasurable_iUnion_iff, Bool.forall_bool, cond, and_comm] #align ae_measurable_union_iff aemeasurable_union_iff @[measurability] theorem smul_measure [Monoid R] [DistribMulAction R ℝ≥0∞] [IsScalarTower R ℝ≥0∞ ℝ≥0∞] (h : AEMeasurable f μ) (c : R) : AEMeasurable f (c • μ) := ⟨h.mk f, h.measurable_mk, ae_smul_measure h.ae_eq_mk c⟩ #align ae_measurable.smul_measure AEMeasurable.smul_measure theorem comp_aemeasurable {f : α → δ} {g : δ → β} (hg : AEMeasurable g (μ.map f)) (hf : AEMeasurable f μ) : AEMeasurable (g ∘ f) μ := ⟨hg.mk g ∘ hf.mk f, hg.measurable_mk.comp hf.measurable_mk, (ae_eq_comp hf hg.ae_eq_mk).trans (hf.ae_eq_mk.fun_comp (mk g hg))⟩ #align ae_measurable.comp_ae_measurable AEMeasurable.comp_aemeasurable theorem comp_measurable {f : α → δ} {g : δ → β} (hg : AEMeasurable g (μ.map f)) (hf : Measurable f) : AEMeasurable (g ∘ f) μ := hg.comp_aemeasurable hf.aemeasurable #align ae_measurable.comp_measurable AEMeasurable.comp_measurable theorem comp_quasiMeasurePreserving {ν : Measure δ} {f : α → δ} {g : δ → β} (hg : AEMeasurable g ν) (hf : QuasiMeasurePreserving f μ ν) : AEMeasurable (g ∘ f) μ := (hg.mono' hf.absolutelyContinuous).comp_measurable hf.measurable #align ae_measurable.comp_quasi_measure_preserving AEMeasurable.comp_quasiMeasurePreserving
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Measure/AEMeasurable.lean
181
185
theorem map_map_of_aemeasurable {g : β → γ} {f : α → β} (hg : AEMeasurable g (Measure.map f μ)) (hf : AEMeasurable f μ) : (μ.map f).map g = μ.map (g ∘ f) := by
ext1 s hs rw [map_apply_of_aemeasurable hg hs, map_apply₀ hf (hg.nullMeasurable hs), map_apply_of_aemeasurable (hg.comp_aemeasurable hf) hs, preimage_comp]
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.Finite import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.Constructions open Cardinal Submodule Set FiniteDimensional universe u v namespace Subalgebra variable {F E : Type*} [CommRing F] [StrongRankCondition F] [Ring E] [Algebra F E] {S : Subalgebra F E} theorem eq_bot_of_rank_le_one (h : Module.rank F S ≤ 1) [Module.Free F S] : S = ⊥ := by nontriviality E obtain ⟨κ, b⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := F) (M := S) by_cases h1 : Module.rank F S = 1 · refine bot_unique fun x hx ↦ Algebra.mem_bot.2 ?_ rw [← b.mk_eq_rank'', eq_one_iff_unique, ← unique_iff_subsingleton_and_nonempty] at h1 obtain ⟨h1⟩ := h1 obtain ⟨y, hy⟩ := (bijective_algebraMap_of_linearEquiv (b.repr ≪≫ₗ Finsupp.LinearEquiv.finsuppUnique _ _ _).symm).surjective ⟨x, hx⟩ exact ⟨y, congr(Subtype.val $(hy))⟩ haveI := mk_eq_zero_iff.1 (b.mk_eq_rank''.symm ▸ lt_one_iff_zero.1 (h.lt_of_ne h1)) haveI := b.repr.toEquiv.subsingleton exact False.elim <| one_ne_zero congr(S.val $(Subsingleton.elim 1 0)) #align subalgebra.eq_bot_of_rank_le_one Subalgebra.eq_bot_of_rank_le_one theorem eq_bot_of_finrank_one (h : finrank F S = 1) [Module.Free F S] : S = ⊥ := by refine Subalgebra.eq_bot_of_rank_le_one ?_ rw [finrank, toNat_eq_one] at h rw [h] #align subalgebra.eq_bot_of_finrank_one Subalgebra.eq_bot_of_finrank_one @[simp] theorem rank_eq_one_iff [Nontrivial E] [Module.Free F S] : Module.rank F S = 1 ↔ S = ⊥ := by refine ⟨fun h ↦ Subalgebra.eq_bot_of_rank_le_one h.le, ?_⟩ rintro rfl obtain ⟨κ, b⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := F) (M := (⊥ : Subalgebra F E)) refine le_antisymm ?_ ?_ · have := lift_rank_range_le (Algebra.linearMap F E) rwa [← one_eq_range, rank_self, lift_one, lift_le_one_iff] at this · by_contra H rw [not_le, lt_one_iff_zero] at H haveI := mk_eq_zero_iff.1 (H ▸ b.mk_eq_rank'') haveI := b.repr.toEquiv.subsingleton exact one_ne_zero congr((⊥ : Subalgebra F E).val $(Subsingleton.elim 1 0)) #align subalgebra.rank_eq_one_iff Subalgebra.rank_eq_one_iff @[simp]
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Dimension/FreeAndStrongRankCondition.lean
299
301
theorem finrank_eq_one_iff [Nontrivial E] [Module.Free F S] : finrank F S = 1 ↔ S = ⊥ := by
rw [← Subalgebra.rank_eq_one_iff] exact toNat_eq_iff one_ne_zero
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Image import Mathlib.Data.SProd #align_import data.set.prod from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"48fb5b5280e7c81672afc9524185ae994553ebf4" open Function namespace Set section Prod variable {α β γ δ : Type*} {s s₁ s₂ : Set α} {t t₁ t₂ : Set β} {a : α} {b : β} theorem Subsingleton.prod (hs : s.Subsingleton) (ht : t.Subsingleton) : (s ×ˢ t).Subsingleton := fun _x hx _y hy ↦ Prod.ext (hs hx.1 hy.1) (ht hx.2 hy.2) noncomputable instance decidableMemProd [DecidablePred (· ∈ s)] [DecidablePred (· ∈ t)] : DecidablePred (· ∈ s ×ˢ t) := fun _ => And.decidable #align set.decidable_mem_prod Set.decidableMemProd @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s₁ ×ˢ t₁ ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ t₂ := fun _ ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => ⟨hs h₁, ht h₂⟩ #align set.prod_mono Set.prod_mono @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono_left (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : s₁ ×ˢ t ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ t := prod_mono hs Subset.rfl #align set.prod_mono_left Set.prod_mono_left @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono_right (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s ×ˢ t₁ ⊆ s ×ˢ t₂ := prod_mono Subset.rfl ht #align set.prod_mono_right Set.prod_mono_right @[simp] theorem prod_self_subset_prod_self : s₁ ×ˢ s₁ ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ s₂ ↔ s₁ ⊆ s₂ := ⟨fun h _ hx => (h (mk_mem_prod hx hx)).1, fun h _ hx => ⟨h hx.1, h hx.2⟩⟩ #align set.prod_self_subset_prod_self Set.prod_self_subset_prod_self @[simp] theorem prod_self_ssubset_prod_self : s₁ ×ˢ s₁ ⊂ s₂ ×ˢ s₂ ↔ s₁ ⊂ s₂ := and_congr prod_self_subset_prod_self <| not_congr prod_self_subset_prod_self #align set.prod_self_ssubset_prod_self Set.prod_self_ssubset_prod_self theorem prod_subset_iff {P : Set (α × β)} : s ×ˢ t ⊆ P ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ t, (x, y) ∈ P := ⟨fun h _ hx _ hy => h (mk_mem_prod hx hy), fun h ⟨_, _⟩ hp => h _ hp.1 _ hp.2⟩ #align set.prod_subset_iff Set.prod_subset_iff theorem forall_prod_set {p : α × β → Prop} : (∀ x ∈ s ×ˢ t, p x) ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ t, p (x, y) := prod_subset_iff #align set.forall_prod_set Set.forall_prod_set theorem exists_prod_set {p : α × β → Prop} : (∃ x ∈ s ×ˢ t, p x) ↔ ∃ x ∈ s, ∃ y ∈ t, p (x, y) := by simp [and_assoc] #align set.exists_prod_set Set.exists_prod_set @[simp] theorem prod_empty : s ×ˢ (∅ : Set β) = ∅ := by ext exact and_false_iff _ #align set.prod_empty Set.prod_empty @[simp] theorem empty_prod : (∅ : Set α) ×ˢ t = ∅ := by ext exact false_and_iff _ #align set.empty_prod Set.empty_prod @[simp, mfld_simps] theorem univ_prod_univ : @univ α ×ˢ @univ β = univ := by ext exact true_and_iff _ #align set.univ_prod_univ Set.univ_prod_univ theorem univ_prod {t : Set β} : (univ : Set α) ×ˢ t = Prod.snd ⁻¹' t := by simp [prod_eq] #align set.univ_prod Set.univ_prod theorem prod_univ {s : Set α} : s ×ˢ (univ : Set β) = Prod.fst ⁻¹' s := by simp [prod_eq] #align set.prod_univ Set.prod_univ @[simp] lemma prod_eq_univ [Nonempty α] [Nonempty β] : s ×ˢ t = univ ↔ s = univ ∧ t = univ := by simp [eq_univ_iff_forall, forall_and] @[simp] theorem singleton_prod : ({a} : Set α) ×ˢ t = Prod.mk a '' t := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp [and_left_comm, eq_comm] #align set.singleton_prod Set.singleton_prod @[simp] theorem prod_singleton : s ×ˢ ({b} : Set β) = (fun a => (a, b)) '' s := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp [and_left_comm, eq_comm] #align set.prod_singleton Set.prod_singleton theorem singleton_prod_singleton : ({a} : Set α) ×ˢ ({b} : Set β) = {(a, b)} := by simp #align set.singleton_prod_singleton Set.singleton_prod_singleton @[simp] theorem union_prod : (s₁ ∪ s₂) ×ˢ t = s₁ ×ˢ t ∪ s₂ ×ˢ t := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp [or_and_right] #align set.union_prod Set.union_prod @[simp] theorem prod_union : s ×ˢ (t₁ ∪ t₂) = s ×ˢ t₁ ∪ s ×ˢ t₂ := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp [and_or_left] #align set.prod_union Set.prod_union theorem inter_prod : (s₁ ∩ s₂) ×ˢ t = s₁ ×ˢ t ∩ s₂ ×ˢ t := by ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp only [← and_and_right, mem_inter_iff, mem_prod] #align set.inter_prod Set.inter_prod
Mathlib/Data/Set/Prod.lean
142
144
theorem prod_inter : s ×ˢ (t₁ ∩ t₂) = s ×ˢ t₁ ∩ s ×ˢ t₂ := by
ext ⟨x, y⟩ simp only [← and_and_left, mem_inter_iff, mem_prod]
import Mathlib.Init.ZeroOne import Mathlib.Data.Set.Defs import Mathlib.Order.Basic import Mathlib.Order.SymmDiff import Mathlib.Tactic.Tauto import Mathlib.Tactic.ByContra import Mathlib.Util.Delaborators #align_import data.set.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"001ffdc42920050657fd45bd2b8bfbec8eaaeb29" open Function universe u v w x namespace Set variable {α : Type u} {s t : Set α} instance instBooleanAlgebraSet : BooleanAlgebra (Set α) := { (inferInstance : BooleanAlgebra (α → Prop)) with sup := (· ∪ ·), le := (· ≤ ·), lt := fun s t => s ⊆ t ∧ ¬t ⊆ s, inf := (· ∩ ·), bot := ∅, compl := (·ᶜ), top := univ, sdiff := (· \ ·) } instance : HasSSubset (Set α) := ⟨(· < ·)⟩ @[simp] theorem top_eq_univ : (⊤ : Set α) = univ := rfl #align set.top_eq_univ Set.top_eq_univ @[simp] theorem bot_eq_empty : (⊥ : Set α) = ∅ := rfl #align set.bot_eq_empty Set.bot_eq_empty @[simp] theorem sup_eq_union : ((· ⊔ ·) : Set α → Set α → Set α) = (· ∪ ·) := rfl #align set.sup_eq_union Set.sup_eq_union @[simp] theorem inf_eq_inter : ((· ⊓ ·) : Set α → Set α → Set α) = (· ∩ ·) := rfl #align set.inf_eq_inter Set.inf_eq_inter @[simp] theorem le_eq_subset : ((· ≤ ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) = (· ⊆ ·) := rfl #align set.le_eq_subset Set.le_eq_subset @[simp] theorem lt_eq_ssubset : ((· < ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) = (· ⊂ ·) := rfl #align set.lt_eq_ssubset Set.lt_eq_ssubset theorem le_iff_subset : s ≤ t ↔ s ⊆ t := Iff.rfl #align set.le_iff_subset Set.le_iff_subset theorem lt_iff_ssubset : s < t ↔ s ⊂ t := Iff.rfl #align set.lt_iff_ssubset Set.lt_iff_ssubset alias ⟨_root_.LE.le.subset, _root_.HasSubset.Subset.le⟩ := le_iff_subset #align has_subset.subset.le HasSubset.Subset.le alias ⟨_root_.LT.lt.ssubset, _root_.HasSSubset.SSubset.lt⟩ := lt_iff_ssubset #align has_ssubset.ssubset.lt HasSSubset.SSubset.lt instance PiSetCoe.canLift (ι : Type u) (α : ι → Type v) [∀ i, Nonempty (α i)] (s : Set ι) : CanLift (∀ i : s, α i) (∀ i, α i) (fun f i => f i) fun _ => True := PiSubtype.canLift ι α s #align set.pi_set_coe.can_lift Set.PiSetCoe.canLift instance PiSetCoe.canLift' (ι : Type u) (α : Type v) [Nonempty α] (s : Set ι) : CanLift (s → α) (ι → α) (fun f i => f i) fun _ => True := PiSetCoe.canLift ι (fun _ => α) s #align set.pi_set_coe.can_lift' Set.PiSetCoe.canLift' end Set theorem Subtype.mem {α : Type*} {s : Set α} (p : s) : (p : α) ∈ s := p.prop #align subtype.mem Subtype.mem theorem Eq.subset {α} {s t : Set α} : s = t → s ⊆ t := fun h₁ _ h₂ => by rw [← h₁]; exact h₂ #align eq.subset Eq.subset namespace Set variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {γ : Type w} {ι : Sort x} {a b : α} {s s₁ s₂ t t₁ t₂ u : Set α} instance : Inhabited (Set α) := ⟨∅⟩ theorem ext_iff {s t : Set α} : s = t ↔ ∀ x, x ∈ s ↔ x ∈ t := ⟨fun h x => by rw [h], ext⟩ #align set.ext_iff Set.ext_iff @[trans] theorem mem_of_mem_of_subset {x : α} {s t : Set α} (hx : x ∈ s) (h : s ⊆ t) : x ∈ t := h hx #align set.mem_of_mem_of_subset Set.mem_of_mem_of_subset theorem forall_in_swap {p : α → β → Prop} : (∀ a ∈ s, ∀ (b), p a b) ↔ ∀ (b), ∀ a ∈ s, p a b := by tauto #align set.forall_in_swap Set.forall_in_swap theorem mem_setOf {a : α} {p : α → Prop} : a ∈ { x | p x } ↔ p a := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_set_of Set.mem_setOf theorem _root_.Membership.mem.out {p : α → Prop} {a : α} (h : a ∈ { x | p x }) : p a := h #align has_mem.mem.out Membership.mem.out theorem nmem_setOf_iff {a : α} {p : α → Prop} : a ∉ { x | p x } ↔ ¬p a := Iff.rfl #align set.nmem_set_of_iff Set.nmem_setOf_iff @[simp] theorem setOf_mem_eq {s : Set α} : { x | x ∈ s } = s := rfl #align set.set_of_mem_eq Set.setOf_mem_eq theorem setOf_set {s : Set α} : setOf s = s := rfl #align set.set_of_set Set.setOf_set theorem setOf_app_iff {p : α → Prop} {x : α} : { x | p x } x ↔ p x := Iff.rfl #align set.set_of_app_iff Set.setOf_app_iff theorem mem_def {a : α} {s : Set α} : a ∈ s ↔ s a := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_def Set.mem_def theorem setOf_bijective : Bijective (setOf : (α → Prop) → Set α) := bijective_id #align set.set_of_bijective Set.setOf_bijective theorem subset_setOf {p : α → Prop} {s : Set α} : s ⊆ setOf p ↔ ∀ x, x ∈ s → p x := Iff.rfl theorem setOf_subset {p : α → Prop} {s : Set α} : setOf p ⊆ s ↔ ∀ x, p x → x ∈ s := Iff.rfl @[simp] theorem setOf_subset_setOf {p q : α → Prop} : { a | p a } ⊆ { a | q a } ↔ ∀ a, p a → q a := Iff.rfl #align set.set_of_subset_set_of Set.setOf_subset_setOf theorem setOf_and {p q : α → Prop} : { a | p a ∧ q a } = { a | p a } ∩ { a | q a } := rfl #align set.set_of_and Set.setOf_and theorem setOf_or {p q : α → Prop} : { a | p a ∨ q a } = { a | p a } ∪ { a | q a } := rfl #align set.set_of_or Set.setOf_or instance : IsRefl (Set α) (· ⊆ ·) := show IsRefl (Set α) (· ≤ ·) by infer_instance instance : IsTrans (Set α) (· ⊆ ·) := show IsTrans (Set α) (· ≤ ·) by infer_instance instance : Trans ((· ⊆ ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) (· ⊆ ·) (· ⊆ ·) := show Trans (· ≤ ·) (· ≤ ·) (· ≤ ·) by infer_instance instance : IsAntisymm (Set α) (· ⊆ ·) := show IsAntisymm (Set α) (· ≤ ·) by infer_instance instance : IsIrrefl (Set α) (· ⊂ ·) := show IsIrrefl (Set α) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : IsTrans (Set α) (· ⊂ ·) := show IsTrans (Set α) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : Trans ((· ⊂ ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) (· ⊂ ·) (· ⊂ ·) := show Trans (· < ·) (· < ·) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : Trans ((· ⊂ ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) (· ⊆ ·) (· ⊂ ·) := show Trans (· < ·) (· ≤ ·) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : Trans ((· ⊆ ·) : Set α → Set α → Prop) (· ⊂ ·) (· ⊂ ·) := show Trans (· ≤ ·) (· < ·) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : IsAsymm (Set α) (· ⊂ ·) := show IsAsymm (Set α) (· < ·) by infer_instance instance : IsNonstrictStrictOrder (Set α) (· ⊆ ·) (· ⊂ ·) := ⟨fun _ _ => Iff.rfl⟩ -- TODO(Jeremy): write a tactic to unfold specific instances of generic notation? theorem subset_def : (s ⊆ t) = ∀ x, x ∈ s → x ∈ t := rfl #align set.subset_def Set.subset_def theorem ssubset_def : (s ⊂ t) = (s ⊆ t ∧ ¬t ⊆ s) := rfl #align set.ssubset_def Set.ssubset_def @[refl] theorem Subset.refl (a : Set α) : a ⊆ a := fun _ => id #align set.subset.refl Set.Subset.refl theorem Subset.rfl {s : Set α} : s ⊆ s := Subset.refl s #align set.subset.rfl Set.Subset.rfl @[trans] theorem Subset.trans {a b c : Set α} (ab : a ⊆ b) (bc : b ⊆ c) : a ⊆ c := fun _ h => bc <| ab h #align set.subset.trans Set.Subset.trans @[trans] theorem mem_of_eq_of_mem {x y : α} {s : Set α} (hx : x = y) (h : y ∈ s) : x ∈ s := hx.symm ▸ h #align set.mem_of_eq_of_mem Set.mem_of_eq_of_mem theorem Subset.antisymm {a b : Set α} (h₁ : a ⊆ b) (h₂ : b ⊆ a) : a = b := Set.ext fun _ => ⟨@h₁ _, @h₂ _⟩ #align set.subset.antisymm Set.Subset.antisymm theorem Subset.antisymm_iff {a b : Set α} : a = b ↔ a ⊆ b ∧ b ⊆ a := ⟨fun e => ⟨e.subset, e.symm.subset⟩, fun ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => Subset.antisymm h₁ h₂⟩ #align set.subset.antisymm_iff Set.Subset.antisymm_iff -- an alternative name theorem eq_of_subset_of_subset {a b : Set α} : a ⊆ b → b ⊆ a → a = b := Subset.antisymm #align set.eq_of_subset_of_subset Set.eq_of_subset_of_subset theorem mem_of_subset_of_mem {s₁ s₂ : Set α} {a : α} (h : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : a ∈ s₁ → a ∈ s₂ := @h _ #align set.mem_of_subset_of_mem Set.mem_of_subset_of_mem theorem not_mem_subset (h : s ⊆ t) : a ∉ t → a ∉ s := mt <| mem_of_subset_of_mem h #align set.not_mem_subset Set.not_mem_subset theorem not_subset : ¬s ⊆ t ↔ ∃ a ∈ s, a ∉ t := by simp only [subset_def, not_forall, exists_prop] #align set.not_subset Set.not_subset lemma eq_of_forall_subset_iff (h : ∀ u, s ⊆ u ↔ t ⊆ u) : s = t := eq_of_forall_ge_iff h protected theorem eq_or_ssubset_of_subset (h : s ⊆ t) : s = t ∨ s ⊂ t := eq_or_lt_of_le h #align set.eq_or_ssubset_of_subset Set.eq_or_ssubset_of_subset theorem exists_of_ssubset {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊂ t) : ∃ x ∈ t, x ∉ s := not_subset.1 h.2 #align set.exists_of_ssubset Set.exists_of_ssubset protected theorem ssubset_iff_subset_ne {s t : Set α} : s ⊂ t ↔ s ⊆ t ∧ s ≠ t := @lt_iff_le_and_ne (Set α) _ s t #align set.ssubset_iff_subset_ne Set.ssubset_iff_subset_ne theorem ssubset_iff_of_subset {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊆ t) : s ⊂ t ↔ ∃ x ∈ t, x ∉ s := ⟨exists_of_ssubset, fun ⟨_, hxt, hxs⟩ => ⟨h, fun h => hxs <| h hxt⟩⟩ #align set.ssubset_iff_of_subset Set.ssubset_iff_of_subset protected theorem ssubset_of_ssubset_of_subset {s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α} (hs₁s₂ : s₁ ⊂ s₂) (hs₂s₃ : s₂ ⊆ s₃) : s₁ ⊂ s₃ := ⟨Subset.trans hs₁s₂.1 hs₂s₃, fun hs₃s₁ => hs₁s₂.2 (Subset.trans hs₂s₃ hs₃s₁)⟩ #align set.ssubset_of_ssubset_of_subset Set.ssubset_of_ssubset_of_subset protected theorem ssubset_of_subset_of_ssubset {s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α} (hs₁s₂ : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (hs₂s₃ : s₂ ⊂ s₃) : s₁ ⊂ s₃ := ⟨Subset.trans hs₁s₂ hs₂s₃.1, fun hs₃s₁ => hs₂s₃.2 (Subset.trans hs₃s₁ hs₁s₂)⟩ #align set.ssubset_of_subset_of_ssubset Set.ssubset_of_subset_of_ssubset theorem not_mem_empty (x : α) : ¬x ∈ (∅ : Set α) := id #align set.not_mem_empty Set.not_mem_empty -- Porting note (#10618): removed `simp` because `simp` can prove it theorem not_not_mem : ¬a ∉ s ↔ a ∈ s := not_not #align set.not_not_mem Set.not_not_mem -- Porting note: we seem to need parentheses at `(↥s)`, -- even if we increase the right precedence of `↥` in `Mathlib.Tactic.Coe`. -- Porting note: removed `simp` as it is competing with `nonempty_subtype`. -- @[simp] theorem nonempty_coe_sort {s : Set α} : Nonempty (↥s) ↔ s.Nonempty := nonempty_subtype #align set.nonempty_coe_sort Set.nonempty_coe_sort alias ⟨_, Nonempty.coe_sort⟩ := nonempty_coe_sort #align set.nonempty.coe_sort Set.Nonempty.coe_sort theorem nonempty_def : s.Nonempty ↔ ∃ x, x ∈ s := Iff.rfl #align set.nonempty_def Set.nonempty_def theorem nonempty_of_mem {x} (h : x ∈ s) : s.Nonempty := ⟨x, h⟩ #align set.nonempty_of_mem Set.nonempty_of_mem theorem Nonempty.not_subset_empty : s.Nonempty → ¬s ⊆ ∅ | ⟨_, hx⟩, hs => hs hx #align set.nonempty.not_subset_empty Set.Nonempty.not_subset_empty protected noncomputable def Nonempty.some (h : s.Nonempty) : α := Classical.choose h #align set.nonempty.some Set.Nonempty.some protected theorem Nonempty.some_mem (h : s.Nonempty) : h.some ∈ s := Classical.choose_spec h #align set.nonempty.some_mem Set.Nonempty.some_mem theorem Nonempty.mono (ht : s ⊆ t) (hs : s.Nonempty) : t.Nonempty := hs.imp ht #align set.nonempty.mono Set.Nonempty.mono theorem nonempty_of_not_subset (h : ¬s ⊆ t) : (s \ t).Nonempty := let ⟨x, xs, xt⟩ := not_subset.1 h ⟨x, xs, xt⟩ #align set.nonempty_of_not_subset Set.nonempty_of_not_subset theorem nonempty_of_ssubset (ht : s ⊂ t) : (t \ s).Nonempty := nonempty_of_not_subset ht.2 #align set.nonempty_of_ssubset Set.nonempty_of_ssubset theorem Nonempty.of_diff (h : (s \ t).Nonempty) : s.Nonempty := h.imp fun _ => And.left #align set.nonempty.of_diff Set.Nonempty.of_diff theorem nonempty_of_ssubset' (ht : s ⊂ t) : t.Nonempty := (nonempty_of_ssubset ht).of_diff #align set.nonempty_of_ssubset' Set.nonempty_of_ssubset' theorem Nonempty.inl (hs : s.Nonempty) : (s ∪ t).Nonempty := hs.imp fun _ => Or.inl #align set.nonempty.inl Set.Nonempty.inl theorem Nonempty.inr (ht : t.Nonempty) : (s ∪ t).Nonempty := ht.imp fun _ => Or.inr #align set.nonempty.inr Set.Nonempty.inr @[simp] theorem union_nonempty : (s ∪ t).Nonempty ↔ s.Nonempty ∨ t.Nonempty := exists_or #align set.union_nonempty Set.union_nonempty theorem Nonempty.left (h : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) : s.Nonempty := h.imp fun _ => And.left #align set.nonempty.left Set.Nonempty.left theorem Nonempty.right (h : (s ∩ t).Nonempty) : t.Nonempty := h.imp fun _ => And.right #align set.nonempty.right Set.Nonempty.right theorem inter_nonempty : (s ∩ t).Nonempty ↔ ∃ x, x ∈ s ∧ x ∈ t := Iff.rfl #align set.inter_nonempty Set.inter_nonempty theorem inter_nonempty_iff_exists_left : (s ∩ t).Nonempty ↔ ∃ x ∈ s, x ∈ t := by simp_rw [inter_nonempty] #align set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_left Set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_left theorem inter_nonempty_iff_exists_right : (s ∩ t).Nonempty ↔ ∃ x ∈ t, x ∈ s := by simp_rw [inter_nonempty, and_comm] #align set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_right Set.inter_nonempty_iff_exists_right theorem nonempty_iff_univ_nonempty : Nonempty α ↔ (univ : Set α).Nonempty := ⟨fun ⟨x⟩ => ⟨x, trivial⟩, fun ⟨x, _⟩ => ⟨x⟩⟩ #align set.nonempty_iff_univ_nonempty Set.nonempty_iff_univ_nonempty @[simp] theorem univ_nonempty : ∀ [Nonempty α], (univ : Set α).Nonempty | ⟨x⟩ => ⟨x, trivial⟩ #align set.univ_nonempty Set.univ_nonempty theorem Nonempty.to_subtype : s.Nonempty → Nonempty (↥s) := nonempty_subtype.2 #align set.nonempty.to_subtype Set.Nonempty.to_subtype theorem Nonempty.to_type : s.Nonempty → Nonempty α := fun ⟨x, _⟩ => ⟨x⟩ #align set.nonempty.to_type Set.Nonempty.to_type instance univ.nonempty [Nonempty α] : Nonempty (↥(Set.univ : Set α)) := Set.univ_nonempty.to_subtype #align set.univ.nonempty Set.univ.nonempty theorem nonempty_of_nonempty_subtype [Nonempty (↥s)] : s.Nonempty := nonempty_subtype.mp ‹_› #align set.nonempty_of_nonempty_subtype Set.nonempty_of_nonempty_subtype theorem empty_def : (∅ : Set α) = { _x : α | False } := rfl #align set.empty_def Set.empty_def @[simp] theorem mem_empty_iff_false (x : α) : x ∈ (∅ : Set α) ↔ False := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_empty_iff_false Set.mem_empty_iff_false @[simp] theorem setOf_false : { _a : α | False } = ∅ := rfl #align set.set_of_false Set.setOf_false @[simp] theorem setOf_bot : { _x : α | ⊥ } = ∅ := rfl @[simp] theorem empty_subset (s : Set α) : ∅ ⊆ s := nofun #align set.empty_subset Set.empty_subset theorem subset_empty_iff {s : Set α} : s ⊆ ∅ ↔ s = ∅ := (Subset.antisymm_iff.trans <| and_iff_left (empty_subset _)).symm #align set.subset_empty_iff Set.subset_empty_iff theorem eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem {s : Set α} : s = ∅ ↔ ∀ x, x ∉ s := subset_empty_iff.symm #align set.eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem Set.eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem theorem eq_empty_of_forall_not_mem (h : ∀ x, x ∉ s) : s = ∅ := subset_empty_iff.1 h #align set.eq_empty_of_forall_not_mem Set.eq_empty_of_forall_not_mem theorem eq_empty_of_subset_empty {s : Set α} : s ⊆ ∅ → s = ∅ := subset_empty_iff.1 #align set.eq_empty_of_subset_empty Set.eq_empty_of_subset_empty theorem eq_empty_of_isEmpty [IsEmpty α] (s : Set α) : s = ∅ := eq_empty_of_subset_empty fun x _ => isEmptyElim x #align set.eq_empty_of_is_empty Set.eq_empty_of_isEmpty instance uniqueEmpty [IsEmpty α] : Unique (Set α) where default := ∅ uniq := eq_empty_of_isEmpty #align set.unique_empty Set.uniqueEmpty theorem not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty {s : Set α} : ¬s.Nonempty ↔ s = ∅ := by simp only [Set.Nonempty, not_exists, eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem] #align set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty Set.not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty theorem nonempty_iff_ne_empty : s.Nonempty ↔ s ≠ ∅ := not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty.not_right #align set.nonempty_iff_ne_empty Set.nonempty_iff_ne_empty theorem not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty' : ¬Nonempty s ↔ s = ∅ := by rw [nonempty_subtype, not_exists, eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem] theorem nonempty_iff_ne_empty' : Nonempty s ↔ s ≠ ∅ := not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty'.not_right alias ⟨Nonempty.ne_empty, _⟩ := nonempty_iff_ne_empty #align set.nonempty.ne_empty Set.Nonempty.ne_empty @[simp] theorem not_nonempty_empty : ¬(∅ : Set α).Nonempty := fun ⟨_, hx⟩ => hx #align set.not_nonempty_empty Set.not_nonempty_empty -- Porting note: removing `@[simp]` as it is competing with `isEmpty_subtype`. -- @[simp] theorem isEmpty_coe_sort {s : Set α} : IsEmpty (↥s) ↔ s = ∅ := not_iff_not.1 <| by simpa using nonempty_iff_ne_empty #align set.is_empty_coe_sort Set.isEmpty_coe_sort theorem eq_empty_or_nonempty (s : Set α) : s = ∅ ∨ s.Nonempty := or_iff_not_imp_left.2 nonempty_iff_ne_empty.2 #align set.eq_empty_or_nonempty Set.eq_empty_or_nonempty theorem subset_eq_empty {s t : Set α} (h : t ⊆ s) (e : s = ∅) : t = ∅ := subset_empty_iff.1 <| e ▸ h #align set.subset_eq_empty Set.subset_eq_empty theorem forall_mem_empty {p : α → Prop} : (∀ x ∈ (∅ : Set α), p x) ↔ True := iff_true_intro fun _ => False.elim #align set.ball_empty_iff Set.forall_mem_empty @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-23")] alias ball_empty_iff := forall_mem_empty instance (α : Type u) : IsEmpty.{u + 1} (↥(∅ : Set α)) := ⟨fun x => x.2⟩ @[simp] theorem empty_ssubset : ∅ ⊂ s ↔ s.Nonempty := (@bot_lt_iff_ne_bot (Set α) _ _ _).trans nonempty_iff_ne_empty.symm #align set.empty_ssubset Set.empty_ssubset alias ⟨_, Nonempty.empty_ssubset⟩ := empty_ssubset #align set.nonempty.empty_ssubset Set.Nonempty.empty_ssubset @[simp] theorem setOf_true : { _x : α | True } = univ := rfl #align set.set_of_true Set.setOf_true @[simp] theorem setOf_top : { _x : α | ⊤ } = univ := rfl @[simp] theorem univ_eq_empty_iff : (univ : Set α) = ∅ ↔ IsEmpty α := eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem.trans ⟨fun H => ⟨fun x => H x trivial⟩, fun H x _ => @IsEmpty.false α H x⟩ #align set.univ_eq_empty_iff Set.univ_eq_empty_iff theorem empty_ne_univ [Nonempty α] : (∅ : Set α) ≠ univ := fun e => not_isEmpty_of_nonempty α <| univ_eq_empty_iff.1 e.symm #align set.empty_ne_univ Set.empty_ne_univ @[simp] theorem subset_univ (s : Set α) : s ⊆ univ := fun _ _ => trivial #align set.subset_univ Set.subset_univ @[simp] theorem univ_subset_iff {s : Set α} : univ ⊆ s ↔ s = univ := @top_le_iff _ _ _ s #align set.univ_subset_iff Set.univ_subset_iff alias ⟨eq_univ_of_univ_subset, _⟩ := univ_subset_iff #align set.eq_univ_of_univ_subset Set.eq_univ_of_univ_subset theorem eq_univ_iff_forall {s : Set α} : s = univ ↔ ∀ x, x ∈ s := univ_subset_iff.symm.trans <| forall_congr' fun _ => imp_iff_right trivial #align set.eq_univ_iff_forall Set.eq_univ_iff_forall theorem eq_univ_of_forall {s : Set α} : (∀ x, x ∈ s) → s = univ := eq_univ_iff_forall.2 #align set.eq_univ_of_forall Set.eq_univ_of_forall theorem Nonempty.eq_univ [Subsingleton α] : s.Nonempty → s = univ := by rintro ⟨x, hx⟩ exact eq_univ_of_forall fun y => by rwa [Subsingleton.elim y x] #align set.nonempty.eq_univ Set.Nonempty.eq_univ theorem eq_univ_of_subset {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊆ t) (hs : s = univ) : t = univ := eq_univ_of_univ_subset <| (hs ▸ h : univ ⊆ t) #align set.eq_univ_of_subset Set.eq_univ_of_subset theorem exists_mem_of_nonempty (α) : ∀ [Nonempty α], ∃ x : α, x ∈ (univ : Set α) | ⟨x⟩ => ⟨x, trivial⟩ #align set.exists_mem_of_nonempty Set.exists_mem_of_nonempty theorem ne_univ_iff_exists_not_mem {α : Type*} (s : Set α) : s ≠ univ ↔ ∃ a, a ∉ s := by rw [← not_forall, ← eq_univ_iff_forall] #align set.ne_univ_iff_exists_not_mem Set.ne_univ_iff_exists_not_mem theorem not_subset_iff_exists_mem_not_mem {α : Type*} {s t : Set α} : ¬s ⊆ t ↔ ∃ x, x ∈ s ∧ x ∉ t := by simp [subset_def] #align set.not_subset_iff_exists_mem_not_mem Set.not_subset_iff_exists_mem_not_mem theorem univ_unique [Unique α] : @Set.univ α = {default} := Set.ext fun x => iff_of_true trivial <| Subsingleton.elim x default #align set.univ_unique Set.univ_unique theorem ssubset_univ_iff : s ⊂ univ ↔ s ≠ univ := lt_top_iff_ne_top #align set.ssubset_univ_iff Set.ssubset_univ_iff instance nontrivial_of_nonempty [Nonempty α] : Nontrivial (Set α) := ⟨⟨∅, univ, empty_ne_univ⟩⟩ #align set.nontrivial_of_nonempty Set.nontrivial_of_nonempty theorem union_def {s₁ s₂ : Set α} : s₁ ∪ s₂ = { a | a ∈ s₁ ∨ a ∈ s₂ } := rfl #align set.union_def Set.union_def theorem mem_union_left {x : α} {a : Set α} (b : Set α) : x ∈ a → x ∈ a ∪ b := Or.inl #align set.mem_union_left Set.mem_union_left theorem mem_union_right {x : α} {b : Set α} (a : Set α) : x ∈ b → x ∈ a ∪ b := Or.inr #align set.mem_union_right Set.mem_union_right theorem mem_or_mem_of_mem_union {x : α} {a b : Set α} (H : x ∈ a ∪ b) : x ∈ a ∨ x ∈ b := H #align set.mem_or_mem_of_mem_union Set.mem_or_mem_of_mem_union theorem MemUnion.elim {x : α} {a b : Set α} {P : Prop} (H₁ : x ∈ a ∪ b) (H₂ : x ∈ a → P) (H₃ : x ∈ b → P) : P := Or.elim H₁ H₂ H₃ #align set.mem_union.elim Set.MemUnion.elim @[simp] theorem mem_union (x : α) (a b : Set α) : x ∈ a ∪ b ↔ x ∈ a ∨ x ∈ b := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_union Set.mem_union @[simp] theorem union_self (a : Set α) : a ∪ a = a := ext fun _ => or_self_iff #align set.union_self Set.union_self @[simp] theorem union_empty (a : Set α) : a ∪ ∅ = a := ext fun _ => or_false_iff _ #align set.union_empty Set.union_empty @[simp] theorem empty_union (a : Set α) : ∅ ∪ a = a := ext fun _ => false_or_iff _ #align set.empty_union Set.empty_union theorem union_comm (a b : Set α) : a ∪ b = b ∪ a := ext fun _ => or_comm #align set.union_comm Set.union_comm theorem union_assoc (a b c : Set α) : a ∪ b ∪ c = a ∪ (b ∪ c) := ext fun _ => or_assoc #align set.union_assoc Set.union_assoc instance union_isAssoc : Std.Associative (α := Set α) (· ∪ ·) := ⟨union_assoc⟩ #align set.union_is_assoc Set.union_isAssoc instance union_isComm : Std.Commutative (α := Set α) (· ∪ ·) := ⟨union_comm⟩ #align set.union_is_comm Set.union_isComm theorem union_left_comm (s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α) : s₁ ∪ (s₂ ∪ s₃) = s₂ ∪ (s₁ ∪ s₃) := ext fun _ => or_left_comm #align set.union_left_comm Set.union_left_comm theorem union_right_comm (s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α) : s₁ ∪ s₂ ∪ s₃ = s₁ ∪ s₃ ∪ s₂ := ext fun _ => or_right_comm #align set.union_right_comm Set.union_right_comm @[simp] theorem union_eq_left {s t : Set α} : s ∪ t = s ↔ t ⊆ s := sup_eq_left #align set.union_eq_left_iff_subset Set.union_eq_left @[simp] theorem union_eq_right {s t : Set α} : s ∪ t = t ↔ s ⊆ t := sup_eq_right #align set.union_eq_right_iff_subset Set.union_eq_right theorem union_eq_self_of_subset_left {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊆ t) : s ∪ t = t := union_eq_right.mpr h #align set.union_eq_self_of_subset_left Set.union_eq_self_of_subset_left theorem union_eq_self_of_subset_right {s t : Set α} (h : t ⊆ s) : s ∪ t = s := union_eq_left.mpr h #align set.union_eq_self_of_subset_right Set.union_eq_self_of_subset_right @[simp] theorem subset_union_left {s t : Set α} : s ⊆ s ∪ t := fun _ => Or.inl #align set.subset_union_left Set.subset_union_left @[simp] theorem subset_union_right {s t : Set α} : t ⊆ s ∪ t := fun _ => Or.inr #align set.subset_union_right Set.subset_union_right theorem union_subset {s t r : Set α} (sr : s ⊆ r) (tr : t ⊆ r) : s ∪ t ⊆ r := fun _ => Or.rec (@sr _) (@tr _) #align set.union_subset Set.union_subset @[simp] theorem union_subset_iff {s t u : Set α} : s ∪ t ⊆ u ↔ s ⊆ u ∧ t ⊆ u := (forall_congr' fun _ => or_imp).trans forall_and #align set.union_subset_iff Set.union_subset_iff @[gcongr] theorem union_subset_union {s₁ s₂ t₁ t₂ : Set α} (h₁ : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (h₂ : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s₁ ∪ t₁ ⊆ s₂ ∪ t₂ := fun _ => Or.imp (@h₁ _) (@h₂ _) #align set.union_subset_union Set.union_subset_union @[gcongr] theorem union_subset_union_left {s₁ s₂ : Set α} (t) (h : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : s₁ ∪ t ⊆ s₂ ∪ t := union_subset_union h Subset.rfl #align set.union_subset_union_left Set.union_subset_union_left @[gcongr] theorem union_subset_union_right (s) {t₁ t₂ : Set α} (h : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s ∪ t₁ ⊆ s ∪ t₂ := union_subset_union Subset.rfl h #align set.union_subset_union_right Set.union_subset_union_right theorem subset_union_of_subset_left {s t : Set α} (h : s ⊆ t) (u : Set α) : s ⊆ t ∪ u := h.trans subset_union_left #align set.subset_union_of_subset_left Set.subset_union_of_subset_left theorem subset_union_of_subset_right {s u : Set α} (h : s ⊆ u) (t : Set α) : s ⊆ t ∪ u := h.trans subset_union_right #align set.subset_union_of_subset_right Set.subset_union_of_subset_right -- Porting note: replaced `⊔` in RHS theorem union_congr_left (ht : t ⊆ s ∪ u) (hu : u ⊆ s ∪ t) : s ∪ t = s ∪ u := sup_congr_left ht hu #align set.union_congr_left Set.union_congr_left theorem union_congr_right (hs : s ⊆ t ∪ u) (ht : t ⊆ s ∪ u) : s ∪ u = t ∪ u := sup_congr_right hs ht #align set.union_congr_right Set.union_congr_right theorem union_eq_union_iff_left : s ∪ t = s ∪ u ↔ t ⊆ s ∪ u ∧ u ⊆ s ∪ t := sup_eq_sup_iff_left #align set.union_eq_union_iff_left Set.union_eq_union_iff_left theorem union_eq_union_iff_right : s ∪ u = t ∪ u ↔ s ⊆ t ∪ u ∧ t ⊆ s ∪ u := sup_eq_sup_iff_right #align set.union_eq_union_iff_right Set.union_eq_union_iff_right @[simp] theorem union_empty_iff {s t : Set α} : s ∪ t = ∅ ↔ s = ∅ ∧ t = ∅ := by simp only [← subset_empty_iff] exact union_subset_iff #align set.union_empty_iff Set.union_empty_iff @[simp] theorem union_univ (s : Set α) : s ∪ univ = univ := sup_top_eq _ #align set.union_univ Set.union_univ @[simp] theorem univ_union (s : Set α) : univ ∪ s = univ := top_sup_eq _ #align set.univ_union Set.univ_union theorem inter_def {s₁ s₂ : Set α} : s₁ ∩ s₂ = { a | a ∈ s₁ ∧ a ∈ s₂ } := rfl #align set.inter_def Set.inter_def @[simp, mfld_simps] theorem mem_inter_iff (x : α) (a b : Set α) : x ∈ a ∩ b ↔ x ∈ a ∧ x ∈ b := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_inter_iff Set.mem_inter_iff theorem mem_inter {x : α} {a b : Set α} (ha : x ∈ a) (hb : x ∈ b) : x ∈ a ∩ b := ⟨ha, hb⟩ #align set.mem_inter Set.mem_inter theorem mem_of_mem_inter_left {x : α} {a b : Set α} (h : x ∈ a ∩ b) : x ∈ a := h.left #align set.mem_of_mem_inter_left Set.mem_of_mem_inter_left theorem mem_of_mem_inter_right {x : α} {a b : Set α} (h : x ∈ a ∩ b) : x ∈ b := h.right #align set.mem_of_mem_inter_right Set.mem_of_mem_inter_right @[simp] theorem inter_self (a : Set α) : a ∩ a = a := ext fun _ => and_self_iff #align set.inter_self Set.inter_self @[simp] theorem inter_empty (a : Set α) : a ∩ ∅ = ∅ := ext fun _ => and_false_iff _ #align set.inter_empty Set.inter_empty @[simp] theorem empty_inter (a : Set α) : ∅ ∩ a = ∅ := ext fun _ => false_and_iff _ #align set.empty_inter Set.empty_inter theorem inter_comm (a b : Set α) : a ∩ b = b ∩ a := ext fun _ => and_comm #align set.inter_comm Set.inter_comm theorem inter_assoc (a b c : Set α) : a ∩ b ∩ c = a ∩ (b ∩ c) := ext fun _ => and_assoc #align set.inter_assoc Set.inter_assoc instance inter_isAssoc : Std.Associative (α := Set α) (· ∩ ·) := ⟨inter_assoc⟩ #align set.inter_is_assoc Set.inter_isAssoc instance inter_isComm : Std.Commutative (α := Set α) (· ∩ ·) := ⟨inter_comm⟩ #align set.inter_is_comm Set.inter_isComm theorem inter_left_comm (s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α) : s₁ ∩ (s₂ ∩ s₃) = s₂ ∩ (s₁ ∩ s₃) := ext fun _ => and_left_comm #align set.inter_left_comm Set.inter_left_comm theorem inter_right_comm (s₁ s₂ s₃ : Set α) : s₁ ∩ s₂ ∩ s₃ = s₁ ∩ s₃ ∩ s₂ := ext fun _ => and_right_comm #align set.inter_right_comm Set.inter_right_comm @[simp, mfld_simps] theorem inter_subset_left {s t : Set α} : s ∩ t ⊆ s := fun _ => And.left #align set.inter_subset_left Set.inter_subset_left @[simp] theorem inter_subset_right {s t : Set α} : s ∩ t ⊆ t := fun _ => And.right #align set.inter_subset_right Set.inter_subset_right theorem subset_inter {s t r : Set α} (rs : r ⊆ s) (rt : r ⊆ t) : r ⊆ s ∩ t := fun _ h => ⟨rs h, rt h⟩ #align set.subset_inter Set.subset_inter @[simp] theorem subset_inter_iff {s t r : Set α} : r ⊆ s ∩ t ↔ r ⊆ s ∧ r ⊆ t := (forall_congr' fun _ => imp_and).trans forall_and #align set.subset_inter_iff Set.subset_inter_iff @[simp] lemma inter_eq_left : s ∩ t = s ↔ s ⊆ t := inf_eq_left #align set.inter_eq_left_iff_subset Set.inter_eq_left @[simp] lemma inter_eq_right : s ∩ t = t ↔ t ⊆ s := inf_eq_right #align set.inter_eq_right_iff_subset Set.inter_eq_right @[simp] lemma left_eq_inter : s = s ∩ t ↔ s ⊆ t := left_eq_inf @[simp] lemma right_eq_inter : t = s ∩ t ↔ t ⊆ s := right_eq_inf theorem inter_eq_self_of_subset_left {s t : Set α} : s ⊆ t → s ∩ t = s := inter_eq_left.mpr #align set.inter_eq_self_of_subset_left Set.inter_eq_self_of_subset_left theorem inter_eq_self_of_subset_right {s t : Set α} : t ⊆ s → s ∩ t = t := inter_eq_right.mpr #align set.inter_eq_self_of_subset_right Set.inter_eq_self_of_subset_right theorem inter_congr_left (ht : s ∩ u ⊆ t) (hu : s ∩ t ⊆ u) : s ∩ t = s ∩ u := inf_congr_left ht hu #align set.inter_congr_left Set.inter_congr_left theorem inter_congr_right (hs : t ∩ u ⊆ s) (ht : s ∩ u ⊆ t) : s ∩ u = t ∩ u := inf_congr_right hs ht #align set.inter_congr_right Set.inter_congr_right theorem inter_eq_inter_iff_left : s ∩ t = s ∩ u ↔ s ∩ u ⊆ t ∧ s ∩ t ⊆ u := inf_eq_inf_iff_left #align set.inter_eq_inter_iff_left Set.inter_eq_inter_iff_left theorem inter_eq_inter_iff_right : s ∩ u = t ∩ u ↔ t ∩ u ⊆ s ∧ s ∩ u ⊆ t := inf_eq_inf_iff_right #align set.inter_eq_inter_iff_right Set.inter_eq_inter_iff_right @[simp, mfld_simps] theorem inter_univ (a : Set α) : a ∩ univ = a := inf_top_eq _ #align set.inter_univ Set.inter_univ @[simp, mfld_simps] theorem univ_inter (a : Set α) : univ ∩ a = a := top_inf_eq _ #align set.univ_inter Set.univ_inter @[gcongr] theorem inter_subset_inter {s₁ s₂ t₁ t₂ : Set α} (h₁ : s₁ ⊆ t₁) (h₂ : s₂ ⊆ t₂) : s₁ ∩ s₂ ⊆ t₁ ∩ t₂ := fun _ => And.imp (@h₁ _) (@h₂ _) #align set.inter_subset_inter Set.inter_subset_inter @[gcongr] theorem inter_subset_inter_left {s t : Set α} (u : Set α) (H : s ⊆ t) : s ∩ u ⊆ t ∩ u := inter_subset_inter H Subset.rfl #align set.inter_subset_inter_left Set.inter_subset_inter_left @[gcongr] theorem inter_subset_inter_right {s t : Set α} (u : Set α) (H : s ⊆ t) : u ∩ s ⊆ u ∩ t := inter_subset_inter Subset.rfl H #align set.inter_subset_inter_right Set.inter_subset_inter_right theorem union_inter_cancel_left {s t : Set α} : (s ∪ t) ∩ s = s := inter_eq_self_of_subset_right subset_union_left #align set.union_inter_cancel_left Set.union_inter_cancel_left theorem union_inter_cancel_right {s t : Set α} : (s ∪ t) ∩ t = t := inter_eq_self_of_subset_right subset_union_right #align set.union_inter_cancel_right Set.union_inter_cancel_right theorem inter_setOf_eq_sep (s : Set α) (p : α → Prop) : s ∩ {a | p a} = {a ∈ s | p a} := rfl #align set.inter_set_of_eq_sep Set.inter_setOf_eq_sep theorem setOf_inter_eq_sep (p : α → Prop) (s : Set α) : {a | p a} ∩ s = {a ∈ s | p a} := inter_comm _ _ #align set.set_of_inter_eq_sep Set.setOf_inter_eq_sep theorem inter_union_distrib_left (s t u : Set α) : s ∩ (t ∪ u) = s ∩ t ∪ s ∩ u := inf_sup_left _ _ _ #align set.inter_distrib_left Set.inter_union_distrib_left theorem union_inter_distrib_right (s t u : Set α) : (s ∪ t) ∩ u = s ∩ u ∪ t ∩ u := inf_sup_right _ _ _ #align set.inter_distrib_right Set.union_inter_distrib_right theorem union_inter_distrib_left (s t u : Set α) : s ∪ t ∩ u = (s ∪ t) ∩ (s ∪ u) := sup_inf_left _ _ _ #align set.union_distrib_left Set.union_inter_distrib_left theorem inter_union_distrib_right (s t u : Set α) : s ∩ t ∪ u = (s ∪ u) ∩ (t ∪ u) := sup_inf_right _ _ _ #align set.union_distrib_right Set.inter_union_distrib_right -- 2024-03-22 @[deprecated] alias inter_distrib_left := inter_union_distrib_left @[deprecated] alias inter_distrib_right := union_inter_distrib_right @[deprecated] alias union_distrib_left := union_inter_distrib_left @[deprecated] alias union_distrib_right := inter_union_distrib_right theorem union_union_distrib_left (s t u : Set α) : s ∪ (t ∪ u) = s ∪ t ∪ (s ∪ u) := sup_sup_distrib_left _ _ _ #align set.union_union_distrib_left Set.union_union_distrib_left theorem union_union_distrib_right (s t u : Set α) : s ∪ t ∪ u = s ∪ u ∪ (t ∪ u) := sup_sup_distrib_right _ _ _ #align set.union_union_distrib_right Set.union_union_distrib_right theorem inter_inter_distrib_left (s t u : Set α) : s ∩ (t ∩ u) = s ∩ t ∩ (s ∩ u) := inf_inf_distrib_left _ _ _ #align set.inter_inter_distrib_left Set.inter_inter_distrib_left theorem inter_inter_distrib_right (s t u : Set α) : s ∩ t ∩ u = s ∩ u ∩ (t ∩ u) := inf_inf_distrib_right _ _ _ #align set.inter_inter_distrib_right Set.inter_inter_distrib_right theorem union_union_union_comm (s t u v : Set α) : s ∪ t ∪ (u ∪ v) = s ∪ u ∪ (t ∪ v) := sup_sup_sup_comm _ _ _ _ #align set.union_union_union_comm Set.union_union_union_comm theorem inter_inter_inter_comm (s t u v : Set α) : s ∩ t ∩ (u ∩ v) = s ∩ u ∩ (t ∩ v) := inf_inf_inf_comm _ _ _ _ #align set.inter_inter_inter_comm Set.inter_inter_inter_comm theorem insert_def (x : α) (s : Set α) : insert x s = { y | y = x ∨ y ∈ s } := rfl #align set.insert_def Set.insert_def @[simp] theorem subset_insert (x : α) (s : Set α) : s ⊆ insert x s := fun _ => Or.inr #align set.subset_insert Set.subset_insert theorem mem_insert (x : α) (s : Set α) : x ∈ insert x s := Or.inl rfl #align set.mem_insert Set.mem_insert theorem mem_insert_of_mem {x : α} {s : Set α} (y : α) : x ∈ s → x ∈ insert y s := Or.inr #align set.mem_insert_of_mem Set.mem_insert_of_mem theorem eq_or_mem_of_mem_insert {x a : α} {s : Set α} : x ∈ insert a s → x = a ∨ x ∈ s := id #align set.eq_or_mem_of_mem_insert Set.eq_or_mem_of_mem_insert theorem mem_of_mem_insert_of_ne : b ∈ insert a s → b ≠ a → b ∈ s := Or.resolve_left #align set.mem_of_mem_insert_of_ne Set.mem_of_mem_insert_of_ne theorem eq_of_not_mem_of_mem_insert : b ∈ insert a s → b ∉ s → b = a := Or.resolve_right #align set.eq_of_not_mem_of_mem_insert Set.eq_of_not_mem_of_mem_insert @[simp] theorem mem_insert_iff {x a : α} {s : Set α} : x ∈ insert a s ↔ x = a ∨ x ∈ s := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_insert_iff Set.mem_insert_iff @[simp] theorem insert_eq_of_mem {a : α} {s : Set α} (h : a ∈ s) : insert a s = s := ext fun _ => or_iff_right_of_imp fun e => e.symm ▸ h #align set.insert_eq_of_mem Set.insert_eq_of_mem theorem ne_insert_of_not_mem {s : Set α} (t : Set α) {a : α} : a ∉ s → s ≠ insert a t := mt fun e => e.symm ▸ mem_insert _ _ #align set.ne_insert_of_not_mem Set.ne_insert_of_not_mem @[simp] theorem insert_eq_self : insert a s = s ↔ a ∈ s := ⟨fun h => h ▸ mem_insert _ _, insert_eq_of_mem⟩ #align set.insert_eq_self Set.insert_eq_self theorem insert_ne_self : insert a s ≠ s ↔ a ∉ s := insert_eq_self.not #align set.insert_ne_self Set.insert_ne_self theorem insert_subset_iff : insert a s ⊆ t ↔ a ∈ t ∧ s ⊆ t := by simp only [subset_def, mem_insert_iff, or_imp, forall_and, forall_eq] #align set.insert_subset Set.insert_subset_iff theorem insert_subset (ha : a ∈ t) (hs : s ⊆ t) : insert a s ⊆ t := insert_subset_iff.mpr ⟨ha, hs⟩ theorem insert_subset_insert (h : s ⊆ t) : insert a s ⊆ insert a t := fun _ => Or.imp_right (@h _) #align set.insert_subset_insert Set.insert_subset_insert @[simp] theorem insert_subset_insert_iff (ha : a ∉ s) : insert a s ⊆ insert a t ↔ s ⊆ t := by refine ⟨fun h x hx => ?_, insert_subset_insert⟩ rcases h (subset_insert _ _ hx) with (rfl | hxt) exacts [(ha hx).elim, hxt] #align set.insert_subset_insert_iff Set.insert_subset_insert_iff theorem subset_insert_iff_of_not_mem (ha : a ∉ s) : s ⊆ insert a t ↔ s ⊆ t := forall₂_congr fun _ hb => or_iff_right <| ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hb ha #align set.subset_insert_iff_of_not_mem Set.subset_insert_iff_of_not_mem theorem ssubset_iff_insert {s t : Set α} : s ⊂ t ↔ ∃ a ∉ s, insert a s ⊆ t := by simp only [insert_subset_iff, exists_and_right, ssubset_def, not_subset] aesop #align set.ssubset_iff_insert Set.ssubset_iff_insert theorem ssubset_insert {s : Set α} {a : α} (h : a ∉ s) : s ⊂ insert a s := ssubset_iff_insert.2 ⟨a, h, Subset.rfl⟩ #align set.ssubset_insert Set.ssubset_insert theorem insert_comm (a b : α) (s : Set α) : insert a (insert b s) = insert b (insert a s) := ext fun _ => or_left_comm #align set.insert_comm Set.insert_comm -- Porting note (#10618): removing `simp` attribute because `simp` can prove it theorem insert_idem (a : α) (s : Set α) : insert a (insert a s) = insert a s := insert_eq_of_mem <| mem_insert _ _ #align set.insert_idem Set.insert_idem theorem insert_union : insert a s ∪ t = insert a (s ∪ t) := ext fun _ => or_assoc #align set.insert_union Set.insert_union @[simp] theorem union_insert : s ∪ insert a t = insert a (s ∪ t) := ext fun _ => or_left_comm #align set.union_insert Set.union_insert @[simp] theorem insert_nonempty (a : α) (s : Set α) : (insert a s).Nonempty := ⟨a, mem_insert a s⟩ #align set.insert_nonempty Set.insert_nonempty instance (a : α) (s : Set α) : Nonempty (insert a s : Set α) := (insert_nonempty a s).to_subtype theorem insert_inter_distrib (a : α) (s t : Set α) : insert a (s ∩ t) = insert a s ∩ insert a t := ext fun _ => or_and_left #align set.insert_inter_distrib Set.insert_inter_distrib theorem insert_union_distrib (a : α) (s t : Set α) : insert a (s ∪ t) = insert a s ∪ insert a t := ext fun _ => or_or_distrib_left #align set.insert_union_distrib Set.insert_union_distrib theorem insert_inj (ha : a ∉ s) : insert a s = insert b s ↔ a = b := ⟨fun h => eq_of_not_mem_of_mem_insert (h.subst <| mem_insert a s) ha, congr_arg (fun x => insert x s)⟩ #align set.insert_inj Set.insert_inj -- useful in proofs by induction theorem forall_of_forall_insert {P : α → Prop} {a : α} {s : Set α} (H : ∀ x, x ∈ insert a s → P x) (x) (h : x ∈ s) : P x := H _ (Or.inr h) #align set.forall_of_forall_insert Set.forall_of_forall_insert theorem forall_insert_of_forall {P : α → Prop} {a : α} {s : Set α} (H : ∀ x, x ∈ s → P x) (ha : P a) (x) (h : x ∈ insert a s) : P x := h.elim (fun e => e.symm ▸ ha) (H _) #align set.forall_insert_of_forall Set.forall_insert_of_forall theorem exists_mem_insert {P : α → Prop} {a : α} {s : Set α} : (∃ x ∈ insert a s, P x) ↔ (P a ∨ ∃ x ∈ s, P x) := by simp [mem_insert_iff, or_and_right, exists_and_left, exists_or] #align set.bex_insert_iff Set.exists_mem_insert @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-23")] alias bex_insert_iff := exists_mem_insert theorem forall_mem_insert {P : α → Prop} {a : α} {s : Set α} : (∀ x ∈ insert a s, P x) ↔ P a ∧ ∀ x ∈ s, P x := forall₂_or_left.trans <| and_congr_left' forall_eq #align set.ball_insert_iff Set.forall_mem_insert @[deprecated (since := "2024-03-23")] alias ball_insert_iff := forall_mem_insert instance : LawfulSingleton α (Set α) := ⟨fun x => Set.ext fun a => by simp only [mem_empty_iff_false, mem_insert_iff, or_false] exact Iff.rfl⟩ theorem singleton_def (a : α) : ({a} : Set α) = insert a ∅ := (insert_emptyc_eq a).symm #align set.singleton_def Set.singleton_def @[simp] theorem mem_singleton_iff {a b : α} : a ∈ ({b} : Set α) ↔ a = b := Iff.rfl #align set.mem_singleton_iff Set.mem_singleton_iff @[simp] theorem setOf_eq_eq_singleton {a : α} : { n | n = a } = {a} := rfl #align set.set_of_eq_eq_singleton Set.setOf_eq_eq_singleton @[simp] theorem setOf_eq_eq_singleton' {a : α} : { x | a = x } = {a} := ext fun _ => eq_comm #align set.set_of_eq_eq_singleton' Set.setOf_eq_eq_singleton' -- TODO: again, annotation needed --Porting note (#11119): removed `simp` attribute theorem mem_singleton (a : α) : a ∈ ({a} : Set α) := @rfl _ _ #align set.mem_singleton Set.mem_singleton theorem eq_of_mem_singleton {x y : α} (h : x ∈ ({y} : Set α)) : x = y := h #align set.eq_of_mem_singleton Set.eq_of_mem_singleton @[simp] theorem singleton_eq_singleton_iff {x y : α} : {x} = ({y} : Set α) ↔ x = y := ext_iff.trans eq_iff_eq_cancel_left #align set.singleton_eq_singleton_iff Set.singleton_eq_singleton_iff theorem singleton_injective : Injective (singleton : α → Set α) := fun _ _ => singleton_eq_singleton_iff.mp #align set.singleton_injective Set.singleton_injective theorem mem_singleton_of_eq {x y : α} (H : x = y) : x ∈ ({y} : Set α) := H #align set.mem_singleton_of_eq Set.mem_singleton_of_eq theorem insert_eq (x : α) (s : Set α) : insert x s = ({x} : Set α) ∪ s := rfl #align set.insert_eq Set.insert_eq @[simp] theorem singleton_nonempty (a : α) : ({a} : Set α).Nonempty := ⟨a, rfl⟩ #align set.singleton_nonempty Set.singleton_nonempty @[simp] theorem singleton_ne_empty (a : α) : ({a} : Set α) ≠ ∅ := (singleton_nonempty _).ne_empty #align set.singleton_ne_empty Set.singleton_ne_empty --Porting note (#10618): removed `simp` attribute because `simp` can prove it theorem empty_ssubset_singleton : (∅ : Set α) ⊂ {a} := (singleton_nonempty _).empty_ssubset #align set.empty_ssubset_singleton Set.empty_ssubset_singleton @[simp] theorem singleton_subset_iff {a : α} {s : Set α} : {a} ⊆ s ↔ a ∈ s := forall_eq #align set.singleton_subset_iff Set.singleton_subset_iff theorem singleton_subset_singleton : ({a} : Set α) ⊆ {b} ↔ a = b := by simp #align set.singleton_subset_singleton Set.singleton_subset_singleton theorem set_compr_eq_eq_singleton {a : α} : { b | b = a } = {a} := rfl #align set.set_compr_eq_eq_singleton Set.set_compr_eq_eq_singleton @[simp] theorem singleton_union : {a} ∪ s = insert a s := rfl #align set.singleton_union Set.singleton_union @[simp] theorem union_singleton : s ∪ {a} = insert a s := union_comm _ _ #align set.union_singleton Set.union_singleton @[simp] theorem singleton_inter_nonempty : ({a} ∩ s).Nonempty ↔ a ∈ s := by simp only [Set.Nonempty, mem_inter_iff, mem_singleton_iff, exists_eq_left] #align set.singleton_inter_nonempty Set.singleton_inter_nonempty @[simp] theorem inter_singleton_nonempty : (s ∩ {a}).Nonempty ↔ a ∈ s := by rw [inter_comm, singleton_inter_nonempty] #align set.inter_singleton_nonempty Set.inter_singleton_nonempty @[simp] theorem singleton_inter_eq_empty : {a} ∩ s = ∅ ↔ a ∉ s := not_nonempty_iff_eq_empty.symm.trans singleton_inter_nonempty.not #align set.singleton_inter_eq_empty Set.singleton_inter_eq_empty @[simp] theorem inter_singleton_eq_empty : s ∩ {a} = ∅ ↔ a ∉ s := by rw [inter_comm, singleton_inter_eq_empty] #align set.inter_singleton_eq_empty Set.inter_singleton_eq_empty theorem nmem_singleton_empty {s : Set α} : s ∉ ({∅} : Set (Set α)) ↔ s.Nonempty := nonempty_iff_ne_empty.symm #align set.nmem_singleton_empty Set.nmem_singleton_empty instance uniqueSingleton (a : α) : Unique (↥({a} : Set α)) := ⟨⟨⟨a, mem_singleton a⟩⟩, fun ⟨_, h⟩ => Subtype.eq h⟩ #align set.unique_singleton Set.uniqueSingleton theorem eq_singleton_iff_unique_mem : s = {a} ↔ a ∈ s ∧ ∀ x ∈ s, x = a := Subset.antisymm_iff.trans <| and_comm.trans <| and_congr_left' singleton_subset_iff #align set.eq_singleton_iff_unique_mem Set.eq_singleton_iff_unique_mem theorem eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_unique_mem : s = {a} ↔ s.Nonempty ∧ ∀ x ∈ s, x = a := eq_singleton_iff_unique_mem.trans <| and_congr_left fun H => ⟨fun h' => ⟨_, h'⟩, fun ⟨x, h⟩ => H x h ▸ h⟩ #align set.eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_unique_mem Set.eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_unique_mem set_option backward.synthInstance.canonInstances false in -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/12532 -- while `simp` is capable of proving this, it is not capable of turning the LHS into the RHS. @[simp] theorem default_coe_singleton (x : α) : (default : ({x} : Set α)) = ⟨x, rfl⟩ := rfl #align set.default_coe_singleton Set.default_coe_singleton @[simp] theorem subset_singleton_iff {α : Type*} {s : Set α} {x : α} : s ⊆ {x} ↔ ∀ y ∈ s, y = x := Iff.rfl #align set.subset_singleton_iff Set.subset_singleton_iff
Mathlib/Data/Set/Basic.lean
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1,451
theorem subset_singleton_iff_eq {s : Set α} {x : α} : s ⊆ {x} ↔ s = ∅ ∨ s = {x} := by
obtain rfl | hs := s.eq_empty_or_nonempty · exact ⟨fun _ => Or.inl rfl, fun _ => empty_subset _⟩ · simp [eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_unique_mem, hs, hs.ne_empty]
import Mathlib.Data.Real.Basic import Mathlib.Data.ENNReal.Real import Mathlib.Data.Sign #align_import data.real.ereal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2196ab363eb097c008d4497125e0dde23fb36db2" open Function ENNReal NNReal Set noncomputable section def EReal := WithBot (WithTop ℝ) deriving Bot, Zero, One, Nontrivial, AddMonoid, PartialOrder #align ereal EReal instance : ZeroLEOneClass EReal := inferInstanceAs (ZeroLEOneClass (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : SupSet EReal := inferInstanceAs (SupSet (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : InfSet EReal := inferInstanceAs (InfSet (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : CompleteLinearOrder EReal := inferInstanceAs (CompleteLinearOrder (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : LinearOrderedAddCommMonoid EReal := inferInstanceAs (LinearOrderedAddCommMonoid (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : AddCommMonoidWithOne EReal := inferInstanceAs (AddCommMonoidWithOne (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) instance : DenselyOrdered EReal := inferInstanceAs (DenselyOrdered (WithBot (WithTop ℝ))) @[coe] def Real.toEReal : ℝ → EReal := some ∘ some #align real.to_ereal Real.toEReal namespace EReal -- things unify with `WithBot.decidableLT` later if we don't provide this explicitly. instance decidableLT : DecidableRel ((· < ·) : EReal → EReal → Prop) := WithBot.decidableLT #align ereal.decidable_lt EReal.decidableLT -- TODO: Provide explicitly, otherwise it is inferred noncomputably from `CompleteLinearOrder` instance : Top EReal := ⟨some ⊤⟩ instance : Coe ℝ EReal := ⟨Real.toEReal⟩ theorem coe_strictMono : StrictMono Real.toEReal := WithBot.coe_strictMono.comp WithTop.coe_strictMono #align ereal.coe_strict_mono EReal.coe_strictMono theorem coe_injective : Injective Real.toEReal := coe_strictMono.injective #align ereal.coe_injective EReal.coe_injective @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_le_coe_iff {x y : ℝ} : (x : EReal) ≤ (y : EReal) ↔ x ≤ y := coe_strictMono.le_iff_le #align ereal.coe_le_coe_iff EReal.coe_le_coe_iff @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_lt_coe_iff {x y : ℝ} : (x : EReal) < (y : EReal) ↔ x < y := coe_strictMono.lt_iff_lt #align ereal.coe_lt_coe_iff EReal.coe_lt_coe_iff @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_eq_coe_iff {x y : ℝ} : (x : EReal) = (y : EReal) ↔ x = y := coe_injective.eq_iff #align ereal.coe_eq_coe_iff EReal.coe_eq_coe_iff protected theorem coe_ne_coe_iff {x y : ℝ} : (x : EReal) ≠ (y : EReal) ↔ x ≠ y := coe_injective.ne_iff #align ereal.coe_ne_coe_iff EReal.coe_ne_coe_iff @[coe] def _root_.ENNReal.toEReal : ℝ≥0∞ → EReal | ⊤ => ⊤ | .some x => x.1 #align ennreal.to_ereal ENNReal.toEReal instance hasCoeENNReal : Coe ℝ≥0∞ EReal := ⟨ENNReal.toEReal⟩ #align ereal.has_coe_ennreal EReal.hasCoeENNReal instance : Inhabited EReal := ⟨0⟩ @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_zero : ((0 : ℝ) : EReal) = 0 := rfl #align ereal.coe_zero EReal.coe_zero @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_one : ((1 : ℝ) : EReal) = 1 := rfl #align ereal.coe_one EReal.coe_one @[elab_as_elim, induction_eliminator, cases_eliminator] protected def rec {C : EReal → Sort*} (h_bot : C ⊥) (h_real : ∀ a : ℝ, C a) (h_top : C ⊤) : ∀ a : EReal, C a | ⊥ => h_bot | (a : ℝ) => h_real a | ⊤ => h_top #align ereal.rec EReal.rec protected def mul : EReal → EReal → EReal | ⊥, ⊥ => ⊤ | ⊥, ⊤ => ⊥ | ⊥, (y : ℝ) => if 0 < y then ⊥ else if y = 0 then 0 else ⊤ | ⊤, ⊥ => ⊥ | ⊤, ⊤ => ⊤ | ⊤, (y : ℝ) => if 0 < y then ⊤ else if y = 0 then 0 else ⊥ | (x : ℝ), ⊤ => if 0 < x then ⊤ else if x = 0 then 0 else ⊥ | (x : ℝ), ⊥ => if 0 < x then ⊥ else if x = 0 then 0 else ⊤ | (x : ℝ), (y : ℝ) => (x * y : ℝ) #align ereal.mul EReal.mul instance : Mul EReal := ⟨EReal.mul⟩ @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_mul (x y : ℝ) : (↑(x * y) : EReal) = x * y := rfl #align ereal.coe_mul EReal.coe_mul @[elab_as_elim] theorem induction₂ {P : EReal → EReal → Prop} (top_top : P ⊤ ⊤) (top_pos : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P ⊤ x) (top_zero : P ⊤ 0) (top_neg : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P ⊤ x) (top_bot : P ⊤ ⊥) (pos_top : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P x ⊤) (pos_bot : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P x ⊥) (zero_top : P 0 ⊤) (coe_coe : ∀ x y : ℝ, P x y) (zero_bot : P 0 ⊥) (neg_top : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P x ⊤) (neg_bot : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P x ⊥) (bot_top : P ⊥ ⊤) (bot_pos : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P ⊥ x) (bot_zero : P ⊥ 0) (bot_neg : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P ⊥ x) (bot_bot : P ⊥ ⊥) : ∀ x y, P x y | ⊥, ⊥ => bot_bot | ⊥, (y : ℝ) => by rcases lt_trichotomy y 0 with (hy | rfl | hy) exacts [bot_neg y hy, bot_zero, bot_pos y hy] | ⊥, ⊤ => bot_top | (x : ℝ), ⊥ => by rcases lt_trichotomy x 0 with (hx | rfl | hx) exacts [neg_bot x hx, zero_bot, pos_bot x hx] | (x : ℝ), (y : ℝ) => coe_coe _ _ | (x : ℝ), ⊤ => by rcases lt_trichotomy x 0 with (hx | rfl | hx) exacts [neg_top x hx, zero_top, pos_top x hx] | ⊤, ⊥ => top_bot | ⊤, (y : ℝ) => by rcases lt_trichotomy y 0 with (hy | rfl | hy) exacts [top_neg y hy, top_zero, top_pos y hy] | ⊤, ⊤ => top_top #align ereal.induction₂ EReal.induction₂ @[elab_as_elim] theorem induction₂_symm {P : EReal → EReal → Prop} (symm : ∀ {x y}, P x y → P y x) (top_top : P ⊤ ⊤) (top_pos : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P ⊤ x) (top_zero : P ⊤ 0) (top_neg : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P ⊤ x) (top_bot : P ⊤ ⊥) (pos_bot : ∀ x : ℝ, 0 < x → P x ⊥) (coe_coe : ∀ x y : ℝ, P x y) (zero_bot : P 0 ⊥) (neg_bot : ∀ x : ℝ, x < 0 → P x ⊥) (bot_bot : P ⊥ ⊥) : ∀ x y, P x y := @induction₂ P top_top top_pos top_zero top_neg top_bot (fun _ h => symm <| top_pos _ h) pos_bot (symm top_zero) coe_coe zero_bot (fun _ h => symm <| top_neg _ h) neg_bot (symm top_bot) (fun _ h => symm <| pos_bot _ h) (symm zero_bot) (fun _ h => symm <| neg_bot _ h) bot_bot protected theorem mul_comm (x y : EReal) : x * y = y * x := by induction' x with x <;> induction' y with y <;> try { rfl } rw [← coe_mul, ← coe_mul, mul_comm] #align ereal.mul_comm EReal.mul_comm protected theorem one_mul : ∀ x : EReal, 1 * x = x | ⊤ => if_pos one_pos | ⊥ => if_pos one_pos | (x : ℝ) => congr_arg Real.toEReal (one_mul x) protected theorem zero_mul : ∀ x : EReal, 0 * x = 0 | ⊤ => (if_neg (lt_irrefl _)).trans (if_pos rfl) | ⊥ => (if_neg (lt_irrefl _)).trans (if_pos rfl) | (x : ℝ) => congr_arg Real.toEReal (zero_mul x) instance : MulZeroOneClass EReal where one_mul := EReal.one_mul mul_one := fun x => by rw [EReal.mul_comm, EReal.one_mul] zero_mul := EReal.zero_mul mul_zero := fun x => by rw [EReal.mul_comm, EReal.zero_mul] instance canLift : CanLift EReal ℝ (↑) fun r => r ≠ ⊤ ∧ r ≠ ⊥ where prf x hx := by induction x · simp at hx · simp · simp at hx #align ereal.can_lift EReal.canLift def toReal : EReal → ℝ | ⊥ => 0 | ⊤ => 0 | (x : ℝ) => x #align ereal.to_real EReal.toReal @[simp] theorem toReal_top : toReal ⊤ = 0 := rfl #align ereal.to_real_top EReal.toReal_top @[simp] theorem toReal_bot : toReal ⊥ = 0 := rfl #align ereal.to_real_bot EReal.toReal_bot @[simp] theorem toReal_zero : toReal 0 = 0 := rfl #align ereal.to_real_zero EReal.toReal_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_one : toReal 1 = 1 := rfl #align ereal.to_real_one EReal.toReal_one @[simp] theorem toReal_coe (x : ℝ) : toReal (x : EReal) = x := rfl #align ereal.to_real_coe EReal.toReal_coe @[simp] theorem bot_lt_coe (x : ℝ) : (⊥ : EReal) < x := WithBot.bot_lt_coe _ #align ereal.bot_lt_coe EReal.bot_lt_coe @[simp] theorem coe_ne_bot (x : ℝ) : (x : EReal) ≠ ⊥ := (bot_lt_coe x).ne' #align ereal.coe_ne_bot EReal.coe_ne_bot @[simp] theorem bot_ne_coe (x : ℝ) : (⊥ : EReal) ≠ x := (bot_lt_coe x).ne #align ereal.bot_ne_coe EReal.bot_ne_coe @[simp] theorem coe_lt_top (x : ℝ) : (x : EReal) < ⊤ := WithBot.coe_lt_coe.2 <| WithTop.coe_lt_top _ #align ereal.coe_lt_top EReal.coe_lt_top @[simp] theorem coe_ne_top (x : ℝ) : (x : EReal) ≠ ⊤ := (coe_lt_top x).ne #align ereal.coe_ne_top EReal.coe_ne_top @[simp] theorem top_ne_coe (x : ℝ) : (⊤ : EReal) ≠ x := (coe_lt_top x).ne' #align ereal.top_ne_coe EReal.top_ne_coe @[simp] theorem bot_lt_zero : (⊥ : EReal) < 0 := bot_lt_coe 0 #align ereal.bot_lt_zero EReal.bot_lt_zero @[simp] theorem bot_ne_zero : (⊥ : EReal) ≠ 0 := (coe_ne_bot 0).symm #align ereal.bot_ne_zero EReal.bot_ne_zero @[simp] theorem zero_ne_bot : (0 : EReal) ≠ ⊥ := coe_ne_bot 0 #align ereal.zero_ne_bot EReal.zero_ne_bot @[simp] theorem zero_lt_top : (0 : EReal) < ⊤ := coe_lt_top 0 #align ereal.zero_lt_top EReal.zero_lt_top @[simp] theorem zero_ne_top : (0 : EReal) ≠ ⊤ := coe_ne_top 0 #align ereal.zero_ne_top EReal.zero_ne_top @[simp] theorem top_ne_zero : (⊤ : EReal) ≠ 0 := (coe_ne_top 0).symm #align ereal.top_ne_zero EReal.top_ne_zero theorem range_coe : range Real.toEReal = {⊥, ⊤}ᶜ := by ext x induction x <;> simp theorem range_coe_eq_Ioo : range Real.toEReal = Ioo ⊥ ⊤ := by ext x induction x <;> simp @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_add (x y : ℝ) : (↑(x + y) : EReal) = x + y := rfl #align ereal.coe_add EReal.coe_add -- `coe_mul` moved up @[norm_cast] theorem coe_nsmul (n : ℕ) (x : ℝ) : (↑(n • x) : EReal) = n • (x : EReal) := map_nsmul (⟨⟨Real.toEReal, coe_zero⟩, coe_add⟩ : ℝ →+ EReal) _ _ #align ereal.coe_nsmul EReal.coe_nsmul #noalign ereal.coe_bit0 #noalign ereal.coe_bit1 @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_eq_zero {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) = 0 ↔ x = 0 := EReal.coe_eq_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_eq_zero EReal.coe_eq_zero @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_eq_one {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) = 1 ↔ x = 1 := EReal.coe_eq_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_eq_one EReal.coe_eq_one theorem coe_ne_zero {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) ≠ 0 ↔ x ≠ 0 := EReal.coe_ne_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_ne_zero EReal.coe_ne_zero theorem coe_ne_one {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) ≠ 1 ↔ x ≠ 1 := EReal.coe_ne_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_ne_one EReal.coe_ne_one @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_nonneg {x : ℝ} : (0 : EReal) ≤ x ↔ 0 ≤ x := EReal.coe_le_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_nonneg EReal.coe_nonneg @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_nonpos {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) ≤ 0 ↔ x ≤ 0 := EReal.coe_le_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_nonpos EReal.coe_nonpos @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_pos {x : ℝ} : (0 : EReal) < x ↔ 0 < x := EReal.coe_lt_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_pos EReal.coe_pos @[simp, norm_cast] protected theorem coe_neg' {x : ℝ} : (x : EReal) < 0 ↔ x < 0 := EReal.coe_lt_coe_iff #align ereal.coe_neg' EReal.coe_neg' theorem toReal_le_toReal {x y : EReal} (h : x ≤ y) (hx : x ≠ ⊥) (hy : y ≠ ⊤) : x.toReal ≤ y.toReal := by lift x to ℝ using ⟨ne_top_of_le_ne_top hy h, hx⟩ lift y to ℝ using ⟨hy, ne_bot_of_le_ne_bot hx h⟩ simpa using h #align ereal.to_real_le_to_real EReal.toReal_le_toReal theorem coe_toReal {x : EReal} (hx : x ≠ ⊤) (h'x : x ≠ ⊥) : (x.toReal : EReal) = x := by lift x to ℝ using ⟨hx, h'x⟩ rfl #align ereal.coe_to_real EReal.coe_toReal theorem le_coe_toReal {x : EReal} (h : x ≠ ⊤) : x ≤ x.toReal := by by_cases h' : x = ⊥ · simp only [h', bot_le] · simp only [le_refl, coe_toReal h h'] #align ereal.le_coe_to_real EReal.le_coe_toReal theorem coe_toReal_le {x : EReal} (h : x ≠ ⊥) : ↑x.toReal ≤ x := by by_cases h' : x = ⊤ · simp only [h', le_top] · simp only [le_refl, coe_toReal h' h] #align ereal.coe_to_real_le EReal.coe_toReal_le theorem eq_top_iff_forall_lt (x : EReal) : x = ⊤ ↔ ∀ y : ℝ, (y : EReal) < x := by constructor · rintro rfl exact EReal.coe_lt_top · contrapose! intro h exact ⟨x.toReal, le_coe_toReal h⟩ #align ereal.eq_top_iff_forall_lt EReal.eq_top_iff_forall_lt theorem eq_bot_iff_forall_lt (x : EReal) : x = ⊥ ↔ ∀ y : ℝ, x < (y : EReal) := by constructor · rintro rfl exact bot_lt_coe · contrapose! intro h exact ⟨x.toReal, coe_toReal_le h⟩ #align ereal.eq_bot_iff_forall_lt EReal.eq_bot_iff_forall_lt lemma exists_between_coe_real {x z : EReal} (h : x < z) : ∃ y : ℝ, x < y ∧ y < z := by obtain ⟨a, ha₁, ha₂⟩ := exists_between h induction a with | h_bot => exact (not_lt_bot ha₁).elim | h_real a₀ => exact ⟨a₀, ha₁, ha₂⟩ | h_top => exact (not_top_lt ha₂).elim @[simp] lemma image_coe_Icc (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Icc x y = Icc ↑x ↑y := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Icc, WithBot.image_coe_Icc] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Ico (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Ico x y = Ico ↑x ↑y := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Ico, WithBot.image_coe_Ico] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Ici (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Ici x = Ico ↑x ⊤ := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Ici, WithBot.image_coe_Ico] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Ioc (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Ioc x y = Ioc ↑x ↑y := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Ioc, WithBot.image_coe_Ioc] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Ioo (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Ioo x y = Ioo ↑x ↑y := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Ioo, WithBot.image_coe_Ioo] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Ioi (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Ioi x = Ioo ↑x ⊤ := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Ioi, WithBot.image_coe_Ioo] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Iic (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Iic x = Ioc ⊥ ↑x := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Iic, WithBot.image_coe_Iic] rfl @[simp] lemma image_coe_Iio (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal '' Iio x = Ioo ⊥ ↑x := by refine (image_comp WithBot.some WithTop.some _).trans ?_ rw [WithTop.image_coe_Iio, WithBot.image_coe_Iio] rfl @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ici (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ici x = Ici x := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Ici (WithBot.some (WithTop.some x))) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Ici, WithTop.preimage_coe_Ici] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioi (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioi x = Ioi x := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Ioi (WithBot.some (WithTop.some x))) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Ioi, WithTop.preimage_coe_Ioi] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioi_bot : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioi ⊥ = univ := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Ioi ⊥) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Ioi_bot, preimage_univ] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Iic (y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Iic y = Iic y := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Iic (WithBot.some (WithTop.some y))) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Iic, WithTop.preimage_coe_Iic] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Iio (y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Iio y = Iio y := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Iio (WithBot.some (WithTop.some y))) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Iio, WithTop.preimage_coe_Iio] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Iio_top : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Iio ⊤ = univ := by change (WithBot.some ∘ WithTop.some) ⁻¹' (Iio (WithBot.some ⊤)) = _ refine preimage_comp.trans ?_ simp only [WithBot.preimage_coe_Iio, WithTop.preimage_coe_Iio_top] @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Icc (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Icc x y = Icc x y := by simp_rw [← Ici_inter_Iic] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ico (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ico x y = Ico x y := by simp_rw [← Ici_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioc (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioc x y = Ioc x y := by simp_rw [← Ioi_inter_Iic] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioo (x y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioo x y = Ioo x y := by simp_rw [← Ioi_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ico_top (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ico x ⊤ = Ici x := by rw [← Ici_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioo_top (x : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioo x ⊤ = Ioi x := by rw [← Ioi_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioc_bot (y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioc ⊥ y = Iic y := by rw [← Ioi_inter_Iic] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioo_bot (y : ℝ) : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioo ⊥ y = Iio y := by rw [← Ioi_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] lemma preimage_coe_Ioo_bot_top : Real.toEReal ⁻¹' Ioo ⊥ ⊤ = univ := by rw [← Ioi_inter_Iio] simp @[simp] theorem toReal_coe_ennreal : ∀ {x : ℝ≥0∞}, toReal (x : EReal) = ENNReal.toReal x | ⊤ => rfl | .some _ => rfl #align ereal.to_real_coe_ennreal EReal.toReal_coe_ennreal @[simp] theorem coe_ennreal_ofReal {x : ℝ} : (ENNReal.ofReal x : EReal) = max x 0 := rfl #align ereal.coe_ennreal_of_real EReal.coe_ennreal_ofReal theorem coe_nnreal_eq_coe_real (x : ℝ≥0) : ((x : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) = (x : ℝ) := rfl #align ereal.coe_nnreal_eq_coe_real EReal.coe_nnreal_eq_coe_real @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_zero : ((0 : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) = 0 := rfl #align ereal.coe_ennreal_zero EReal.coe_ennreal_zero @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_one : ((1 : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) = 1 := rfl #align ereal.coe_ennreal_one EReal.coe_ennreal_one @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_top : ((⊤ : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) = ⊤ := rfl #align ereal.coe_ennreal_top EReal.coe_ennreal_top theorem coe_ennreal_strictMono : StrictMono ((↑) : ℝ≥0∞ → EReal) := WithTop.strictMono_iff.2 ⟨fun _ _ => EReal.coe_lt_coe_iff.2, fun _ => coe_lt_top _⟩ #align ereal.coe_ennreal_strict_mono EReal.coe_ennreal_strictMono theorem coe_ennreal_injective : Injective ((↑) : ℝ≥0∞ → EReal) := coe_ennreal_strictMono.injective #align ereal.coe_ennreal_injective EReal.coe_ennreal_injective @[simp] theorem coe_ennreal_eq_top_iff {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) = ⊤ ↔ x = ⊤ := coe_ennreal_injective.eq_iff' rfl #align ereal.coe_ennreal_eq_top_iff EReal.coe_ennreal_eq_top_iff theorem coe_nnreal_ne_top (x : ℝ≥0) : ((x : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) ≠ ⊤ := coe_ne_top x #align ereal.coe_nnreal_ne_top EReal.coe_nnreal_ne_top @[simp] theorem coe_nnreal_lt_top (x : ℝ≥0) : ((x : ℝ≥0∞) : EReal) < ⊤ := coe_lt_top x #align ereal.coe_nnreal_lt_top EReal.coe_nnreal_lt_top @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_le_coe_ennreal_iff {x y : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) ≤ (y : EReal) ↔ x ≤ y := coe_ennreal_strictMono.le_iff_le #align ereal.coe_ennreal_le_coe_ennreal_iff EReal.coe_ennreal_le_coe_ennreal_iff @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_lt_coe_ennreal_iff {x y : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) < (y : EReal) ↔ x < y := coe_ennreal_strictMono.lt_iff_lt #align ereal.coe_ennreal_lt_coe_ennreal_iff EReal.coe_ennreal_lt_coe_ennreal_iff @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_eq_coe_ennreal_iff {x y : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) = (y : EReal) ↔ x = y := coe_ennreal_injective.eq_iff #align ereal.coe_ennreal_eq_coe_ennreal_iff EReal.coe_ennreal_eq_coe_ennreal_iff theorem coe_ennreal_ne_coe_ennreal_iff {x y : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) ≠ (y : EReal) ↔ x ≠ y := coe_ennreal_injective.ne_iff #align ereal.coe_ennreal_ne_coe_ennreal_iff EReal.coe_ennreal_ne_coe_ennreal_iff @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_eq_zero {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) = 0 ↔ x = 0 := by rw [← coe_ennreal_eq_coe_ennreal_iff, coe_ennreal_zero] #align ereal.coe_ennreal_eq_zero EReal.coe_ennreal_eq_zero @[simp, norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_eq_one {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) = 1 ↔ x = 1 := by rw [← coe_ennreal_eq_coe_ennreal_iff, coe_ennreal_one] #align ereal.coe_ennreal_eq_one EReal.coe_ennreal_eq_one @[norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_ne_zero {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) ≠ 0 ↔ x ≠ 0 := coe_ennreal_eq_zero.not #align ereal.coe_ennreal_ne_zero EReal.coe_ennreal_ne_zero @[norm_cast] theorem coe_ennreal_ne_one {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (x : EReal) ≠ 1 ↔ x ≠ 1 := coe_ennreal_eq_one.not #align ereal.coe_ennreal_ne_one EReal.coe_ennreal_ne_one theorem coe_ennreal_nonneg (x : ℝ≥0∞) : (0 : EReal) ≤ x := coe_ennreal_le_coe_ennreal_iff.2 (zero_le x) #align ereal.coe_ennreal_nonneg EReal.coe_ennreal_nonneg @[simp] theorem range_coe_ennreal : range ((↑) : ℝ≥0∞ → EReal) = Set.Ici 0 := Subset.antisymm (range_subset_iff.2 coe_ennreal_nonneg) fun x => match x with | ⊥ => fun h => absurd h bot_lt_zero.not_le | ⊤ => fun _ => ⟨⊤, rfl⟩ | (x : ℝ) => fun h => ⟨.some ⟨x, EReal.coe_nonneg.1 h⟩, rfl⟩ instance : CanLift EReal ℝ≥0∞ (↑) (0 ≤ ·) := ⟨range_coe_ennreal.ge⟩ @[simp, norm_cast]
Mathlib/Data/Real/EReal.lean
688
689
theorem coe_ennreal_pos {x : ℝ≥0∞} : (0 : EReal) < x ↔ 0 < x := by
rw [← coe_ennreal_zero, coe_ennreal_lt_coe_ennreal_iff]
import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.List #align_import data.list.cycle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7413128c3bcb3b0818e3e18720abc9ea3100fb49" assert_not_exists MonoidWithZero namespace List variable {α : Type*} [DecidableEq α] def nextOr : ∀ (_ : List α) (_ _ : α), α | [], _, default => default | [_], _, default => default -- Handles the not-found and the wraparound case | y :: z :: xs, x, default => if x = y then z else nextOr (z :: xs) x default #align list.next_or List.nextOr @[simp] theorem nextOr_nil (x d : α) : nextOr [] x d = d := rfl #align list.next_or_nil List.nextOr_nil @[simp] theorem nextOr_singleton (x y d : α) : nextOr [y] x d = d := rfl #align list.next_or_singleton List.nextOr_singleton @[simp] theorem nextOr_self_cons_cons (xs : List α) (x y d : α) : nextOr (x :: y :: xs) x d = y := if_pos rfl #align list.next_or_self_cons_cons List.nextOr_self_cons_cons theorem nextOr_cons_of_ne (xs : List α) (y x d : α) (h : x ≠ y) : nextOr (y :: xs) x d = nextOr xs x d := by cases' xs with z zs · rfl · exact if_neg h #align list.next_or_cons_of_ne List.nextOr_cons_of_ne theorem nextOr_eq_nextOr_of_mem_of_ne (xs : List α) (x d d' : α) (x_mem : x ∈ xs) (x_ne : x ≠ xs.getLast (ne_nil_of_mem x_mem)) : nextOr xs x d = nextOr xs x d' := by induction' xs with y ys IH · cases x_mem cases' ys with z zs · simp at x_mem x_ne contradiction by_cases h : x = y · rw [h, nextOr_self_cons_cons, nextOr_self_cons_cons] · rw [nextOr, nextOr, IH] · simpa [h] using x_mem · simpa using x_ne #align list.next_or_eq_next_or_of_mem_of_ne List.nextOr_eq_nextOr_of_mem_of_ne theorem mem_of_nextOr_ne {xs : List α} {x d : α} (h : nextOr xs x d ≠ d) : x ∈ xs := by induction' xs with y ys IH · simp at h cases' ys with z zs · simp at h · by_cases hx : x = y · simp [hx] · rw [nextOr_cons_of_ne _ _ _ _ hx] at h simpa [hx] using IH h #align list.mem_of_next_or_ne List.mem_of_nextOr_ne theorem nextOr_concat {xs : List α} {x : α} (d : α) (h : x ∉ xs) : nextOr (xs ++ [x]) x d = d := by induction' xs with z zs IH · simp · obtain ⟨hz, hzs⟩ := not_or.mp (mt mem_cons.2 h) rw [cons_append, nextOr_cons_of_ne _ _ _ _ hz, IH hzs] #align list.next_or_concat List.nextOr_concat theorem nextOr_mem {xs : List α} {x d : α} (hd : d ∈ xs) : nextOr xs x d ∈ xs := by revert hd suffices ∀ xs' : List α, (∀ x ∈ xs, x ∈ xs') → d ∈ xs' → nextOr xs x d ∈ xs' by exact this xs fun _ => id intro xs' hxs' hd induction' xs with y ys ih · exact hd cases' ys with z zs · exact hd rw [nextOr] split_ifs with h · exact hxs' _ (mem_cons_of_mem _ (mem_cons_self _ _)) · exact ih fun _ h => hxs' _ (mem_cons_of_mem _ h) #align list.next_or_mem List.nextOr_mem def next (l : List α) (x : α) (h : x ∈ l) : α := nextOr l x (l.get ⟨0, length_pos_of_mem h⟩) #align list.next List.next def prev : ∀ l : List α, ∀ x ∈ l, α | [], _, h => by simp at h | [y], _, _ => y | y :: z :: xs, x, h => if hx : x = y then getLast (z :: xs) (cons_ne_nil _ _) else if x = z then y else prev (z :: xs) x (by simpa [hx] using h) #align list.prev List.prev variable (l : List α) (x : α) @[simp] theorem next_singleton (x y : α) (h : x ∈ [y]) : next [y] x h = y := rfl #align list.next_singleton List.next_singleton @[simp] theorem prev_singleton (x y : α) (h : x ∈ [y]) : prev [y] x h = y := rfl #align list.prev_singleton List.prev_singleton theorem next_cons_cons_eq' (y z : α) (h : x ∈ y :: z :: l) (hx : x = y) : next (y :: z :: l) x h = z := by rw [next, nextOr, if_pos hx] #align list.next_cons_cons_eq' List.next_cons_cons_eq' @[simp] theorem next_cons_cons_eq (z : α) (h : x ∈ x :: z :: l) : next (x :: z :: l) x h = z := next_cons_cons_eq' l x x z h rfl #align list.next_cons_cons_eq List.next_cons_cons_eq theorem next_ne_head_ne_getLast (h : x ∈ l) (y : α) (h : x ∈ y :: l) (hy : x ≠ y) (hx : x ≠ getLast (y :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _)) : next (y :: l) x h = next l x (by simpa [hy] using h) := by rw [next, next, nextOr_cons_of_ne _ _ _ _ hy, nextOr_eq_nextOr_of_mem_of_ne] · rwa [getLast_cons] at hx exact ne_nil_of_mem (by assumption) · rwa [getLast_cons] at hx #align list.next_ne_head_ne_last List.next_ne_head_ne_getLast theorem next_cons_concat (y : α) (hy : x ≠ y) (hx : x ∉ l) (h : x ∈ y :: l ++ [x] := mem_append_right _ (mem_singleton_self x)) : next (y :: l ++ [x]) x h = y := by rw [next, nextOr_concat] · rfl · simp [hy, hx] #align list.next_cons_concat List.next_cons_concat theorem next_getLast_cons (h : x ∈ l) (y : α) (h : x ∈ y :: l) (hy : x ≠ y) (hx : x = getLast (y :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _)) (hl : Nodup l) : next (y :: l) x h = y := by rw [next, get, ← dropLast_append_getLast (cons_ne_nil y l), hx, nextOr_concat] subst hx intro H obtain ⟨⟨_ | k, hk⟩, hk'⟩ := get_of_mem H · rw [← Option.some_inj] at hk' rw [← get?_eq_get, dropLast_eq_take, get?_take, get?_zero, head?_cons, Option.some_inj] at hk' · exact hy (Eq.symm hk') rw [length_cons, Nat.pred_succ] exact length_pos_of_mem (by assumption) suffices k + 1 = l.length by simp [this] at hk cases' l with hd tl · simp at hk · rw [nodup_iff_injective_get] at hl rw [length, Nat.succ_inj'] refine Fin.val_eq_of_eq <| @hl ⟨k, Nat.lt_of_succ_lt <| by simpa using hk⟩ ⟨tl.length, by simp⟩ ?_ rw [← Option.some_inj] at hk' rw [← get?_eq_get, dropLast_eq_take, get?_take, get?, get?_eq_get, Option.some_inj] at hk' · rw [hk'] simp only [getLast_eq_get, length_cons, ge_iff_le, Nat.succ_sub_succ_eq_sub, nonpos_iff_eq_zero, add_eq_zero_iff, and_false, Nat.sub_zero, get_cons_succ] simpa using hk #align list.next_last_cons List.next_getLast_cons theorem prev_getLast_cons' (y : α) (hxy : x ∈ y :: l) (hx : x = y) : prev (y :: l) x hxy = getLast (y :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) := by cases l <;> simp [prev, hx] #align list.prev_last_cons' List.prev_getLast_cons' @[simp] theorem prev_getLast_cons (h : x ∈ x :: l) : prev (x :: l) x h = getLast (x :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) := prev_getLast_cons' l x x h rfl #align list.prev_last_cons List.prev_getLast_cons theorem prev_cons_cons_eq' (y z : α) (h : x ∈ y :: z :: l) (hx : x = y) : prev (y :: z :: l) x h = getLast (z :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) := by rw [prev, dif_pos hx] #align list.prev_cons_cons_eq' List.prev_cons_cons_eq' --@[simp] Porting note (#10618): `simp` can prove it theorem prev_cons_cons_eq (z : α) (h : x ∈ x :: z :: l) : prev (x :: z :: l) x h = getLast (z :: l) (cons_ne_nil _ _) := prev_cons_cons_eq' l x x z h rfl #align list.prev_cons_cons_eq List.prev_cons_cons_eq theorem prev_cons_cons_of_ne' (y z : α) (h : x ∈ y :: z :: l) (hy : x ≠ y) (hz : x = z) : prev (y :: z :: l) x h = y := by cases l · simp [prev, hy, hz] · rw [prev, dif_neg hy, if_pos hz] #align list.prev_cons_cons_of_ne' List.prev_cons_cons_of_ne' theorem prev_cons_cons_of_ne (y : α) (h : x ∈ y :: x :: l) (hy : x ≠ y) : prev (y :: x :: l) x h = y := prev_cons_cons_of_ne' _ _ _ _ _ hy rfl #align list.prev_cons_cons_of_ne List.prev_cons_cons_of_ne theorem prev_ne_cons_cons (y z : α) (h : x ∈ y :: z :: l) (hy : x ≠ y) (hz : x ≠ z) : prev (y :: z :: l) x h = prev (z :: l) x (by simpa [hy] using h) := by cases l · simp [hy, hz] at h · rw [prev, dif_neg hy, if_neg hz] #align list.prev_ne_cons_cons List.prev_ne_cons_cons theorem next_mem (h : x ∈ l) : l.next x h ∈ l := nextOr_mem (get_mem _ _ _) #align list.next_mem List.next_mem theorem prev_mem (h : x ∈ l) : l.prev x h ∈ l := by cases' l with hd tl · simp at h induction' tl with hd' tl hl generalizing hd · simp · by_cases hx : x = hd · simp only [hx, prev_cons_cons_eq] exact mem_cons_of_mem _ (getLast_mem _) · rw [prev, dif_neg hx] split_ifs with hm · exact mem_cons_self _ _ · exact mem_cons_of_mem _ (hl _ _) #align list.prev_mem List.prev_mem -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem theorem next_get : ∀ (l : List α) (_h : Nodup l) (i : Fin l.length), next l (l.get i) (get_mem _ _ _) = l.get ⟨(i + 1) % l.length, Nat.mod_lt _ (i.1.zero_le.trans_lt i.2)⟩ | [], _, i => by simpa using i.2 | [_], _, _ => by simp | x::y::l, _h, ⟨0, h0⟩ => by have h₁ : get (x :: y :: l) { val := 0, isLt := h0 } = x := by simp rw [next_cons_cons_eq' _ _ _ _ _ h₁] simp | x::y::l, hn, ⟨i+1, hi⟩ => by have hx' : (x :: y :: l).get ⟨i+1, hi⟩ ≠ x := by intro H suffices (i + 1 : ℕ) = 0 by simpa rw [nodup_iff_injective_get] at hn refine Fin.val_eq_of_eq (@hn ⟨i + 1, hi⟩ ⟨0, by simp⟩ ?_) simpa using H have hi' : i ≤ l.length := Nat.le_of_lt_succ (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.1 hi) rcases hi'.eq_or_lt with (hi' | hi') · subst hi' rw [next_getLast_cons] · simp [hi', get] · rw [get_cons_succ]; exact get_mem _ _ _ · exact hx' · simp [getLast_eq_get] · exact hn.of_cons · rw [next_ne_head_ne_getLast _ _ _ _ _ hx'] · simp only [get_cons_succ] rw [next_get (y::l), ← get_cons_succ (a := x)] · congr dsimp rw [Nat.mod_eq_of_lt (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.2 hi'), Nat.mod_eq_of_lt (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.2 (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.2 hi'))] · simp [Nat.mod_eq_of_lt (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.2 hi'), Nat.succ_eq_add_one, hi'] · exact hn.of_cons · rw [getLast_eq_get] intro h have := nodup_iff_injective_get.1 hn h simp at this; simp [this] at hi' · rw [get_cons_succ]; exact get_mem _ _ _ set_option linter.deprecated false in @[deprecated next_get (since := "2023-01-27")] theorem next_nthLe (l : List α) (h : Nodup l) (n : ℕ) (hn : n < l.length) : next l (l.nthLe n hn) (nthLe_mem _ _ _) = l.nthLe ((n + 1) % l.length) (Nat.mod_lt _ (n.zero_le.trans_lt hn)) := next_get l h ⟨n, hn⟩ #align list.next_nth_le List.next_nthLe set_option linter.deprecated false in theorem prev_nthLe (l : List α) (h : Nodup l) (n : ℕ) (hn : n < l.length) : prev l (l.nthLe n hn) (nthLe_mem _ _ _) = l.nthLe ((n + (l.length - 1)) % l.length) (Nat.mod_lt _ (n.zero_le.trans_lt hn)) := by cases' l with x l · simp at hn induction' l with y l hl generalizing n x · simp · rcases n with (_ | _ | n) · simp [Nat.add_succ_sub_one, add_zero, List.prev_cons_cons_eq, Nat.zero_eq, List.length, List.nthLe, Nat.succ_add_sub_one, zero_add, getLast_eq_get, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt (Nat.succ_lt_succ l.length.lt_succ_self)] · simp only [mem_cons, nodup_cons] at h push_neg at h simp only [List.prev_cons_cons_of_ne _ _ _ _ h.left.left.symm, Nat.zero_eq, List.length, List.nthLe, add_comm, eq_self_iff_true, Nat.succ_add_sub_one, Nat.mod_self, zero_add, List.get] · rw [prev_ne_cons_cons] · convert hl n.succ y h.of_cons (Nat.le_of_succ_le_succ hn) using 1 have : ∀ k hk, (y :: l).nthLe k hk = (x :: y :: l).nthLe (k + 1) (Nat.succ_lt_succ hk) := by intros simp [List.nthLe] rw [this] congr simp only [Nat.add_succ_sub_one, add_zero, length] simp only [length, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff] at hn set k := l.length rw [Nat.succ_add, ← Nat.add_succ, Nat.add_mod_right, Nat.succ_add, ← Nat.add_succ _ k, Nat.add_mod_right, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt] · exact Nat.lt_succ_of_lt hn · exact Nat.succ_lt_succ (Nat.lt_succ_of_lt hn) · intro H suffices n.succ.succ = 0 by simpa rw [nodup_iff_nthLe_inj] at h refine h _ _ hn Nat.succ_pos' ?_ simpa using H · intro H suffices n.succ.succ = 1 by simpa rw [nodup_iff_nthLe_inj] at h refine h _ _ hn (Nat.succ_lt_succ Nat.succ_pos') ?_ simpa using H #align list.prev_nth_le List.prev_nthLe set_option linter.deprecated false in theorem pmap_next_eq_rotate_one (h : Nodup l) : (l.pmap l.next fun _ h => h) = l.rotate 1 := by apply List.ext_nthLe · simp · intros rw [nthLe_pmap, nthLe_rotate, next_nthLe _ h] #align list.pmap_next_eq_rotate_one List.pmap_next_eq_rotate_one set_option linter.deprecated false in theorem pmap_prev_eq_rotate_length_sub_one (h : Nodup l) : (l.pmap l.prev fun _ h => h) = l.rotate (l.length - 1) := by apply List.ext_nthLe · simp · intro n hn hn' rw [nthLe_rotate, nthLe_pmap, prev_nthLe _ h] #align list.pmap_prev_eq_rotate_length_sub_one List.pmap_prev_eq_rotate_length_sub_one set_option linter.deprecated false in theorem prev_next (l : List α) (h : Nodup l) (x : α) (hx : x ∈ l) : prev l (next l x hx) (next_mem _ _ _) = x := by obtain ⟨n, hn, rfl⟩ := nthLe_of_mem hx simp only [next_nthLe, prev_nthLe, h, Nat.mod_add_mod] cases' l with hd tl · simp at hx · have : (n + 1 + length tl) % (length tl + 1) = n := by rw [length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one] at hn rw [add_assoc, add_comm 1, Nat.add_mod_right, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt hn] simp only [length_cons, Nat.succ_sub_succ_eq_sub, Nat.sub_zero, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, this] #align list.prev_next List.prev_next set_option linter.deprecated false in
Mathlib/Data/List/Cycle.lean
387
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theorem next_prev (l : List α) (h : Nodup l) (x : α) (hx : x ∈ l) : next l (prev l x hx) (prev_mem _ _ _) = x := by
obtain ⟨n, hn, rfl⟩ := nthLe_of_mem hx simp only [next_nthLe, prev_nthLe, h, Nat.mod_add_mod] cases' l with hd tl · simp at hx · have : (n + length tl + 1) % (length tl + 1) = n := by rw [length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one] at hn rw [add_assoc, Nat.add_mod_right, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt hn] simp [this]
import Mathlib.Logic.Relation import Mathlib.Data.Option.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Seq.Seq #align_import data.seq.wseq from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a7e36e48519ab281320c4d192da6a7b348ce40ad" namespace Stream' open Function universe u v w def WSeq (α) := Seq (Option α) #align stream.wseq Stream'.WSeq namespace WSeq variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} {γ : Type w} @[coe] def ofSeq : Seq α → WSeq α := (· <$> ·) some #align stream.wseq.of_seq Stream'.WSeq.ofSeq @[coe] def ofList (l : List α) : WSeq α := ofSeq l #align stream.wseq.of_list Stream'.WSeq.ofList @[coe] def ofStream (l : Stream' α) : WSeq α := ofSeq l #align stream.wseq.of_stream Stream'.WSeq.ofStream instance coeSeq : Coe (Seq α) (WSeq α) := ⟨ofSeq⟩ #align stream.wseq.coe_seq Stream'.WSeq.coeSeq instance coeList : Coe (List α) (WSeq α) := ⟨ofList⟩ #align stream.wseq.coe_list Stream'.WSeq.coeList instance coeStream : Coe (Stream' α) (WSeq α) := ⟨ofStream⟩ #align stream.wseq.coe_stream Stream'.WSeq.coeStream def nil : WSeq α := Seq.nil #align stream.wseq.nil Stream'.WSeq.nil instance inhabited : Inhabited (WSeq α) := ⟨nil⟩ #align stream.wseq.inhabited Stream'.WSeq.inhabited def cons (a : α) : WSeq α → WSeq α := Seq.cons (some a) #align stream.wseq.cons Stream'.WSeq.cons def think : WSeq α → WSeq α := Seq.cons none #align stream.wseq.think Stream'.WSeq.think def destruct : WSeq α → Computation (Option (α × WSeq α)) := Computation.corec fun s => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl none | some (none, s') => Sum.inr s' | some (some a, s') => Sum.inl (some (a, s')) #align stream.wseq.destruct Stream'.WSeq.destruct def recOn {C : WSeq α → Sort v} (s : WSeq α) (h1 : C nil) (h2 : ∀ x s, C (cons x s)) (h3 : ∀ s, C (think s)) : C s := Seq.recOn s h1 fun o => Option.recOn o h3 h2 #align stream.wseq.rec_on Stream'.WSeq.recOn protected def Mem (a : α) (s : WSeq α) := Seq.Mem (some a) s #align stream.wseq.mem Stream'.WSeq.Mem instance membership : Membership α (WSeq α) := ⟨WSeq.Mem⟩ #align stream.wseq.has_mem Stream'.WSeq.membership theorem not_mem_nil (a : α) : a ∉ @nil α := Seq.not_mem_nil (some a) #align stream.wseq.not_mem_nil Stream'.WSeq.not_mem_nil def head (s : WSeq α) : Computation (Option α) := Computation.map (Prod.fst <$> ·) (destruct s) #align stream.wseq.head Stream'.WSeq.head def flatten : Computation (WSeq α) → WSeq α := Seq.corec fun c => match Computation.destruct c with | Sum.inl s => Seq.omap (return ·) (Seq.destruct s) | Sum.inr c' => some (none, c') #align stream.wseq.flatten Stream'.WSeq.flatten def tail (s : WSeq α) : WSeq α := flatten <| (fun o => Option.recOn o nil Prod.snd) <$> destruct s #align stream.wseq.tail Stream'.WSeq.tail def drop (s : WSeq α) : ℕ → WSeq α | 0 => s | n + 1 => tail (drop s n) #align stream.wseq.drop Stream'.WSeq.drop def get? (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) : Computation (Option α) := head (drop s n) #align stream.wseq.nth Stream'.WSeq.get? def toList (s : WSeq α) : Computation (List α) := @Computation.corec (List α) (List α × WSeq α) (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) ([], s) #align stream.wseq.to_list Stream'.WSeq.toList def length (s : WSeq α) : Computation ℕ := @Computation.corec ℕ (ℕ × WSeq α) (fun ⟨n, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl n | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (n, s') | some (some _, s') => Sum.inr (n + 1, s')) (0, s) #align stream.wseq.length Stream'.WSeq.length class IsFinite (s : WSeq α) : Prop where out : (toList s).Terminates #align stream.wseq.is_finite Stream'.WSeq.IsFinite instance toList_terminates (s : WSeq α) [h : IsFinite s] : (toList s).Terminates := h.out #align stream.wseq.to_list_terminates Stream'.WSeq.toList_terminates def get (s : WSeq α) [IsFinite s] : List α := (toList s).get #align stream.wseq.get Stream'.WSeq.get class Productive (s : WSeq α) : Prop where get?_terminates : ∀ n, (get? s n).Terminates #align stream.wseq.productive Stream'.WSeq.Productive #align stream.wseq.productive.nth_terminates Stream'.WSeq.Productive.get?_terminates theorem productive_iff (s : WSeq α) : Productive s ↔ ∀ n, (get? s n).Terminates := ⟨fun h => h.1, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ #align stream.wseq.productive_iff Stream'.WSeq.productive_iff instance get?_terminates (s : WSeq α) [h : Productive s] : ∀ n, (get? s n).Terminates := h.get?_terminates #align stream.wseq.nth_terminates Stream'.WSeq.get?_terminates instance head_terminates (s : WSeq α) [Productive s] : (head s).Terminates := s.get?_terminates 0 #align stream.wseq.head_terminates Stream'.WSeq.head_terminates def updateNth (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) (a : α) : WSeq α := @Seq.corec (Option α) (ℕ × WSeq α) (fun ⟨n, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s, n with | none, _ => none | some (none, s'), n => some (none, n, s') | some (some a', s'), 0 => some (some a', 0, s') | some (some _, s'), 1 => some (some a, 0, s') | some (some a', s'), n + 2 => some (some a', n + 1, s')) (n + 1, s) #align stream.wseq.update_nth Stream'.WSeq.updateNth def removeNth (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) : WSeq α := @Seq.corec (Option α) (ℕ × WSeq α) (fun ⟨n, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s, n with | none, _ => none | some (none, s'), n => some (none, n, s') | some (some a', s'), 0 => some (some a', 0, s') | some (some _, s'), 1 => some (none, 0, s') | some (some a', s'), n + 2 => some (some a', n + 1, s')) (n + 1, s) #align stream.wseq.remove_nth Stream'.WSeq.removeNth def filterMap (f : α → Option β) : WSeq α → WSeq β := Seq.corec fun s => match Seq.destruct s with | none => none | some (none, s') => some (none, s') | some (some a, s') => some (f a, s') #align stream.wseq.filter_map Stream'.WSeq.filterMap def filter (p : α → Prop) [DecidablePred p] : WSeq α → WSeq α := filterMap fun a => if p a then some a else none #align stream.wseq.filter Stream'.WSeq.filter -- example of infinite list manipulations def find (p : α → Prop) [DecidablePred p] (s : WSeq α) : Computation (Option α) := head <| filter p s #align stream.wseq.find Stream'.WSeq.find def zipWith (f : α → β → γ) (s1 : WSeq α) (s2 : WSeq β) : WSeq γ := @Seq.corec (Option γ) (WSeq α × WSeq β) (fun ⟨s1, s2⟩ => match Seq.destruct s1, Seq.destruct s2 with | some (none, s1'), some (none, s2') => some (none, s1', s2') | some (some _, _), some (none, s2') => some (none, s1, s2') | some (none, s1'), some (some _, _) => some (none, s1', s2) | some (some a1, s1'), some (some a2, s2') => some (some (f a1 a2), s1', s2') | _, _ => none) (s1, s2) #align stream.wseq.zip_with Stream'.WSeq.zipWith def zip : WSeq α → WSeq β → WSeq (α × β) := zipWith Prod.mk #align stream.wseq.zip Stream'.WSeq.zip def findIndexes (p : α → Prop) [DecidablePred p] (s : WSeq α) : WSeq ℕ := (zip s (Stream'.nats : WSeq ℕ)).filterMap fun ⟨a, n⟩ => if p a then some n else none #align stream.wseq.find_indexes Stream'.WSeq.findIndexes def findIndex (p : α → Prop) [DecidablePred p] (s : WSeq α) : Computation ℕ := (fun o => Option.getD o 0) <$> head (findIndexes p s) #align stream.wseq.find_index Stream'.WSeq.findIndex def indexOf [DecidableEq α] (a : α) : WSeq α → Computation ℕ := findIndex (Eq a) #align stream.wseq.index_of Stream'.WSeq.indexOf def indexesOf [DecidableEq α] (a : α) : WSeq α → WSeq ℕ := findIndexes (Eq a) #align stream.wseq.indexes_of Stream'.WSeq.indexesOf def union (s1 s2 : WSeq α) : WSeq α := @Seq.corec (Option α) (WSeq α × WSeq α) (fun ⟨s1, s2⟩ => match Seq.destruct s1, Seq.destruct s2 with | none, none => none | some (a1, s1'), none => some (a1, s1', nil) | none, some (a2, s2') => some (a2, nil, s2') | some (none, s1'), some (none, s2') => some (none, s1', s2') | some (some a1, s1'), some (none, s2') => some (some a1, s1', s2') | some (none, s1'), some (some a2, s2') => some (some a2, s1', s2') | some (some a1, s1'), some (some a2, s2') => some (some a1, cons a2 s1', s2')) (s1, s2) #align stream.wseq.union Stream'.WSeq.union def isEmpty (s : WSeq α) : Computation Bool := Computation.map Option.isNone <| head s #align stream.wseq.is_empty Stream'.WSeq.isEmpty def compute (s : WSeq α) : WSeq α := match Seq.destruct s with | some (none, s') => s' | _ => s #align stream.wseq.compute Stream'.WSeq.compute def take (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) : WSeq α := @Seq.corec (Option α) (ℕ × WSeq α) (fun ⟨n, s⟩ => match n, Seq.destruct s with | 0, _ => none | _ + 1, none => none | m + 1, some (none, s') => some (none, m + 1, s') | m + 1, some (some a, s') => some (some a, m, s')) (n, s) #align stream.wseq.take Stream'.WSeq.take def splitAt (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) : Computation (List α × WSeq α) := @Computation.corec (List α × WSeq α) (ℕ × List α × WSeq α) (fun ⟨n, l, s⟩ => match n, Seq.destruct s with | 0, _ => Sum.inl (l.reverse, s) | _ + 1, none => Sum.inl (l.reverse, s) | _ + 1, some (none, s') => Sum.inr (n, l, s') | m + 1, some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (m, a::l, s')) (n, [], s) #align stream.wseq.split_at Stream'.WSeq.splitAt def any (s : WSeq α) (p : α → Bool) : Computation Bool := Computation.corec (fun s : WSeq α => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl false | some (none, s') => Sum.inr s' | some (some a, s') => if p a then Sum.inl true else Sum.inr s') s #align stream.wseq.any Stream'.WSeq.any def all (s : WSeq α) (p : α → Bool) : Computation Bool := Computation.corec (fun s : WSeq α => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl true | some (none, s') => Sum.inr s' | some (some a, s') => if p a then Sum.inr s' else Sum.inl false) s #align stream.wseq.all Stream'.WSeq.all def scanl (f : α → β → α) (a : α) (s : WSeq β) : WSeq α := cons a <| @Seq.corec (Option α) (α × WSeq β) (fun ⟨a, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => none | some (none, s') => some (none, a, s') | some (some b, s') => let a' := f a b some (some a', a', s')) (a, s) #align stream.wseq.scanl Stream'.WSeq.scanl def inits (s : WSeq α) : WSeq (List α) := cons [] <| @Seq.corec (Option (List α)) (Batteries.DList α × WSeq α) (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => none | some (none, s') => some (none, l, s') | some (some a, s') => let l' := l.push a some (some l'.toList, l', s')) (Batteries.DList.empty, s) #align stream.wseq.inits Stream'.WSeq.inits def collect (s : WSeq α) (n : ℕ) : List α := (Seq.take n s).filterMap id #align stream.wseq.collect Stream'.WSeq.collect def append : WSeq α → WSeq α → WSeq α := Seq.append #align stream.wseq.append Stream'.WSeq.append def map (f : α → β) : WSeq α → WSeq β := Seq.map (Option.map f) #align stream.wseq.map Stream'.WSeq.map def join (S : WSeq (WSeq α)) : WSeq α := Seq.join ((fun o : Option (WSeq α) => match o with | none => Seq1.ret none | some s => (none, s)) <$> S) #align stream.wseq.join Stream'.WSeq.join def bind (s : WSeq α) (f : α → WSeq β) : WSeq β := join (map f s) #align stream.wseq.bind Stream'.WSeq.bind @[simp] def LiftRelO (R : α → β → Prop) (C : WSeq α → WSeq β → Prop) : Option (α × WSeq α) → Option (β × WSeq β) → Prop | none, none => True | some (a, s), some (b, t) => R a b ∧ C s t | _, _ => False #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_o Stream'.WSeq.LiftRelO theorem LiftRelO.imp {R S : α → β → Prop} {C D : WSeq α → WSeq β → Prop} (H1 : ∀ a b, R a b → S a b) (H2 : ∀ s t, C s t → D s t) : ∀ {o p}, LiftRelO R C o p → LiftRelO S D o p | none, none, _ => trivial | some (_, _), some (_, _), h => And.imp (H1 _ _) (H2 _ _) h | none, some _, h => False.elim h | some (_, _), none, h => False.elim h #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_o.imp Stream'.WSeq.LiftRelO.imp theorem LiftRelO.imp_right (R : α → β → Prop) {C D : WSeq α → WSeq β → Prop} (H : ∀ s t, C s t → D s t) {o p} : LiftRelO R C o p → LiftRelO R D o p := LiftRelO.imp (fun _ _ => id) H #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_o.imp_right Stream'.WSeq.LiftRelO.imp_right @[simp] def BisimO (R : WSeq α → WSeq α → Prop) : Option (α × WSeq α) → Option (α × WSeq α) → Prop := LiftRelO (· = ·) R #align stream.wseq.bisim_o Stream'.WSeq.BisimO theorem BisimO.imp {R S : WSeq α → WSeq α → Prop} (H : ∀ s t, R s t → S s t) {o p} : BisimO R o p → BisimO S o p := LiftRelO.imp_right _ H #align stream.wseq.bisim_o.imp Stream'.WSeq.BisimO.imp def LiftRel (R : α → β → Prop) (s : WSeq α) (t : WSeq β) : Prop := ∃ C : WSeq α → WSeq β → Prop, C s t ∧ ∀ {s t}, C s t → Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R C) (destruct s) (destruct t) #align stream.wseq.lift_rel Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel def Equiv : WSeq α → WSeq α → Prop := LiftRel (· = ·) #align stream.wseq.equiv Stream'.WSeq.Equiv theorem liftRel_destruct {R : α → β → Prop} {s : WSeq α} {t : WSeq β} : LiftRel R s t → Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R (LiftRel R)) (destruct s) (destruct t) | ⟨R, h1, h2⟩ => by refine Computation.LiftRel.imp ?_ _ _ (h2 h1) apply LiftRelO.imp_right exact fun s' t' h' => ⟨R, h', @h2⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_destruct Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_destruct theorem liftRel_destruct_iff {R : α → β → Prop} {s : WSeq α} {t : WSeq β} : LiftRel R s t ↔ Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R (LiftRel R)) (destruct s) (destruct t) := ⟨liftRel_destruct, fun h => ⟨fun s t => LiftRel R s t ∨ Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R (LiftRel R)) (destruct s) (destruct t), Or.inr h, fun {s t} h => by have h : Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R (LiftRel R)) (destruct s) (destruct t) := by cases' h with h h · exact liftRel_destruct h · assumption apply Computation.LiftRel.imp _ _ _ h intro a b apply LiftRelO.imp_right intro s t apply Or.inl⟩⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_destruct_iff Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_destruct_iff -- Porting note: To avoid ambiguous notation, `~` became `~ʷ`. infixl:50 " ~ʷ " => Equiv theorem destruct_congr {s t : WSeq α} : s ~ʷ t → Computation.LiftRel (BisimO (· ~ʷ ·)) (destruct s) (destruct t) := liftRel_destruct #align stream.wseq.destruct_congr Stream'.WSeq.destruct_congr theorem destruct_congr_iff {s t : WSeq α} : s ~ʷ t ↔ Computation.LiftRel (BisimO (· ~ʷ ·)) (destruct s) (destruct t) := liftRel_destruct_iff #align stream.wseq.destruct_congr_iff Stream'.WSeq.destruct_congr_iff theorem LiftRel.refl (R : α → α → Prop) (H : Reflexive R) : Reflexive (LiftRel R) := fun s => by refine ⟨(· = ·), rfl, fun {s t} (h : s = t) => ?_⟩ rw [← h] apply Computation.LiftRel.refl intro a cases' a with a · simp · cases a simp only [LiftRelO, and_true] apply H #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.refl Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.refl theorem LiftRelO.swap (R : α → β → Prop) (C) : swap (LiftRelO R C) = LiftRelO (swap R) (swap C) := by funext x y rcases x with ⟨⟩ | ⟨hx, jx⟩ <;> rcases y with ⟨⟩ | ⟨hy, jy⟩ <;> rfl #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_o.swap Stream'.WSeq.LiftRelO.swap theorem LiftRel.swap_lem {R : α → β → Prop} {s1 s2} (h : LiftRel R s1 s2) : LiftRel (swap R) s2 s1 := by refine ⟨swap (LiftRel R), h, fun {s t} (h : LiftRel R t s) => ?_⟩ rw [← LiftRelO.swap, Computation.LiftRel.swap] apply liftRel_destruct h #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.swap_lem Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.swap_lem theorem LiftRel.swap (R : α → β → Prop) : swap (LiftRel R) = LiftRel (swap R) := funext fun _ => funext fun _ => propext ⟨LiftRel.swap_lem, LiftRel.swap_lem⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.swap Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.swap theorem LiftRel.symm (R : α → α → Prop) (H : Symmetric R) : Symmetric (LiftRel R) := fun s1 s2 (h : Function.swap (LiftRel R) s2 s1) => by rwa [LiftRel.swap, H.swap_eq] at h #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.symm Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.symm theorem LiftRel.trans (R : α → α → Prop) (H : Transitive R) : Transitive (LiftRel R) := fun s t u h1 h2 => by refine ⟨fun s u => ∃ t, LiftRel R s t ∧ LiftRel R t u, ⟨t, h1, h2⟩, fun {s u} h => ?_⟩ rcases h with ⟨t, h1, h2⟩ have h1 := liftRel_destruct h1 have h2 := liftRel_destruct h2 refine Computation.liftRel_def.2 ⟨(Computation.terminates_of_liftRel h1).trans (Computation.terminates_of_liftRel h2), fun {a c} ha hc => ?_⟩ rcases h1.left ha with ⟨b, hb, t1⟩ have t2 := Computation.rel_of_liftRel h2 hb hc cases' a with a <;> cases' c with c · trivial · cases b · cases t2 · cases t1 · cases a cases' b with b · cases t1 · cases b cases t2 · cases' a with a s cases' b with b · cases t1 cases' b with b t cases' c with c u cases' t1 with ab st cases' t2 with bc tu exact ⟨H ab bc, t, st, tu⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.trans Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.trans theorem LiftRel.equiv (R : α → α → Prop) : Equivalence R → Equivalence (LiftRel R) | ⟨refl, symm, trans⟩ => ⟨LiftRel.refl R refl, @(LiftRel.symm R @symm), @(LiftRel.trans R @trans)⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel.equiv Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel.equiv @[refl] theorem Equiv.refl : ∀ s : WSeq α, s ~ʷ s := LiftRel.refl (· = ·) Eq.refl #align stream.wseq.equiv.refl Stream'.WSeq.Equiv.refl @[symm] theorem Equiv.symm : ∀ {s t : WSeq α}, s ~ʷ t → t ~ʷ s := @(LiftRel.symm (· = ·) (@Eq.symm _)) #align stream.wseq.equiv.symm Stream'.WSeq.Equiv.symm @[trans] theorem Equiv.trans : ∀ {s t u : WSeq α}, s ~ʷ t → t ~ʷ u → s ~ʷ u := @(LiftRel.trans (· = ·) (@Eq.trans _)) #align stream.wseq.equiv.trans Stream'.WSeq.Equiv.trans theorem Equiv.equivalence : Equivalence (@Equiv α) := ⟨@Equiv.refl _, @Equiv.symm _, @Equiv.trans _⟩ #align stream.wseq.equiv.equivalence Stream'.WSeq.Equiv.equivalence open Computation @[simp] theorem destruct_nil : destruct (nil : WSeq α) = Computation.pure none := Computation.destruct_eq_pure rfl #align stream.wseq.destruct_nil Stream'.WSeq.destruct_nil @[simp] theorem destruct_cons (a : α) (s) : destruct (cons a s) = Computation.pure (some (a, s)) := Computation.destruct_eq_pure <| by simp [destruct, cons, Computation.rmap] #align stream.wseq.destruct_cons Stream'.WSeq.destruct_cons @[simp] theorem destruct_think (s : WSeq α) : destruct (think s) = (destruct s).think := Computation.destruct_eq_think <| by simp [destruct, think, Computation.rmap] #align stream.wseq.destruct_think Stream'.WSeq.destruct_think @[simp] theorem seq_destruct_nil : Seq.destruct (nil : WSeq α) = none := Seq.destruct_nil #align stream.wseq.seq_destruct_nil Stream'.WSeq.seq_destruct_nil @[simp] theorem seq_destruct_cons (a : α) (s) : Seq.destruct (cons a s) = some (some a, s) := Seq.destruct_cons _ _ #align stream.wseq.seq_destruct_cons Stream'.WSeq.seq_destruct_cons @[simp] theorem seq_destruct_think (s : WSeq α) : Seq.destruct (think s) = some (none, s) := Seq.destruct_cons _ _ #align stream.wseq.seq_destruct_think Stream'.WSeq.seq_destruct_think @[simp] theorem head_nil : head (nil : WSeq α) = Computation.pure none := by simp [head] #align stream.wseq.head_nil Stream'.WSeq.head_nil @[simp] theorem head_cons (a : α) (s) : head (cons a s) = Computation.pure (some a) := by simp [head] #align stream.wseq.head_cons Stream'.WSeq.head_cons @[simp] theorem head_think (s : WSeq α) : head (think s) = (head s).think := by simp [head] #align stream.wseq.head_think Stream'.WSeq.head_think @[simp] theorem flatten_pure (s : WSeq α) : flatten (Computation.pure s) = s := by refine Seq.eq_of_bisim (fun s1 s2 => flatten (Computation.pure s2) = s1) ?_ rfl intro s' s h rw [← h] simp only [Seq.BisimO, flatten, Seq.omap, pure_def, Seq.corec_eq, destruct_pure] cases Seq.destruct s with | none => simp | some val => cases' val with o s' simp #align stream.wseq.flatten_ret Stream'.WSeq.flatten_pure @[simp] theorem flatten_think (c : Computation (WSeq α)) : flatten c.think = think (flatten c) := Seq.destruct_eq_cons <| by simp [flatten, think] #align stream.wseq.flatten_think Stream'.WSeq.flatten_think @[simp] theorem destruct_flatten (c : Computation (WSeq α)) : destruct (flatten c) = c >>= destruct := by refine Computation.eq_of_bisim (fun c1 c2 => c1 = c2 ∨ ∃ c, c1 = destruct (flatten c) ∧ c2 = Computation.bind c destruct) ?_ (Or.inr ⟨c, rfl, rfl⟩) intro c1 c2 h exact match c1, c2, h with | c, _, Or.inl rfl => by cases c.destruct <;> simp | _, _, Or.inr ⟨c, rfl, rfl⟩ => by induction' c using Computation.recOn with a c' <;> simp · cases (destruct a).destruct <;> simp · exact Or.inr ⟨c', rfl, rfl⟩ #align stream.wseq.destruct_flatten Stream'.WSeq.destruct_flatten theorem head_terminates_iff (s : WSeq α) : Terminates (head s) ↔ Terminates (destruct s) := terminates_map_iff _ (destruct s) #align stream.wseq.head_terminates_iff Stream'.WSeq.head_terminates_iff @[simp] theorem tail_nil : tail (nil : WSeq α) = nil := by simp [tail] #align stream.wseq.tail_nil Stream'.WSeq.tail_nil @[simp] theorem tail_cons (a : α) (s) : tail (cons a s) = s := by simp [tail] #align stream.wseq.tail_cons Stream'.WSeq.tail_cons @[simp] theorem tail_think (s : WSeq α) : tail (think s) = (tail s).think := by simp [tail] #align stream.wseq.tail_think Stream'.WSeq.tail_think @[simp] theorem dropn_nil (n) : drop (nil : WSeq α) n = nil := by induction n <;> simp [*, drop] #align stream.wseq.dropn_nil Stream'.WSeq.dropn_nil @[simp] theorem dropn_cons (a : α) (s) (n) : drop (cons a s) (n + 1) = drop s n := by induction n with | zero => simp [drop] | succ n n_ih => -- porting note (#10745): was `simp [*, drop]`. simp [drop, ← n_ih] #align stream.wseq.dropn_cons Stream'.WSeq.dropn_cons @[simp] theorem dropn_think (s : WSeq α) (n) : drop (think s) n = (drop s n).think := by induction n <;> simp [*, drop] #align stream.wseq.dropn_think Stream'.WSeq.dropn_think theorem dropn_add (s : WSeq α) (m) : ∀ n, drop s (m + n) = drop (drop s m) n | 0 => rfl | n + 1 => congr_arg tail (dropn_add s m n) #align stream.wseq.dropn_add Stream'.WSeq.dropn_add theorem dropn_tail (s : WSeq α) (n) : drop (tail s) n = drop s (n + 1) := by rw [Nat.add_comm] symm apply dropn_add #align stream.wseq.dropn_tail Stream'.WSeq.dropn_tail theorem get?_add (s : WSeq α) (m n) : get? s (m + n) = get? (drop s m) n := congr_arg head (dropn_add _ _ _) #align stream.wseq.nth_add Stream'.WSeq.get?_add theorem get?_tail (s : WSeq α) (n) : get? (tail s) n = get? s (n + 1) := congr_arg head (dropn_tail _ _) #align stream.wseq.nth_tail Stream'.WSeq.get?_tail @[simp] theorem join_nil : join nil = (nil : WSeq α) := Seq.join_nil #align stream.wseq.join_nil Stream'.WSeq.join_nil @[simp] theorem join_think (S : WSeq (WSeq α)) : join (think S) = think (join S) := by simp only [join, think] dsimp only [(· <$> ·)] simp [join, Seq1.ret] #align stream.wseq.join_think Stream'.WSeq.join_think @[simp] theorem join_cons (s : WSeq α) (S) : join (cons s S) = think (append s (join S)) := by simp only [join, think] dsimp only [(· <$> ·)] simp [join, cons, append] #align stream.wseq.join_cons Stream'.WSeq.join_cons @[simp] theorem nil_append (s : WSeq α) : append nil s = s := Seq.nil_append _ #align stream.wseq.nil_append Stream'.WSeq.nil_append @[simp] theorem cons_append (a : α) (s t) : append (cons a s) t = cons a (append s t) := Seq.cons_append _ _ _ #align stream.wseq.cons_append Stream'.WSeq.cons_append @[simp] theorem think_append (s t : WSeq α) : append (think s) t = think (append s t) := Seq.cons_append _ _ _ #align stream.wseq.think_append Stream'.WSeq.think_append @[simp] theorem append_nil (s : WSeq α) : append s nil = s := Seq.append_nil _ #align stream.wseq.append_nil Stream'.WSeq.append_nil @[simp] theorem append_assoc (s t u : WSeq α) : append (append s t) u = append s (append t u) := Seq.append_assoc _ _ _ #align stream.wseq.append_assoc Stream'.WSeq.append_assoc @[simp] def tail.aux : Option (α × WSeq α) → Computation (Option (α × WSeq α)) | none => Computation.pure none | some (_, s) => destruct s #align stream.wseq.tail.aux Stream'.WSeq.tail.aux theorem destruct_tail (s : WSeq α) : destruct (tail s) = destruct s >>= tail.aux := by simp only [tail, destruct_flatten, tail.aux]; rw [← bind_pure_comp, LawfulMonad.bind_assoc] apply congr_arg; ext1 (_ | ⟨a, s⟩) <;> apply (@pure_bind Computation _ _ _ _ _ _).trans _ <;> simp #align stream.wseq.destruct_tail Stream'.WSeq.destruct_tail @[simp] def drop.aux : ℕ → Option (α × WSeq α) → Computation (Option (α × WSeq α)) | 0 => Computation.pure | n + 1 => fun a => tail.aux a >>= drop.aux n #align stream.wseq.drop.aux Stream'.WSeq.drop.aux theorem drop.aux_none : ∀ n, @drop.aux α n none = Computation.pure none | 0 => rfl | n + 1 => show Computation.bind (Computation.pure none) (drop.aux n) = Computation.pure none by rw [ret_bind, drop.aux_none n] #align stream.wseq.drop.aux_none Stream'.WSeq.drop.aux_none theorem destruct_dropn : ∀ (s : WSeq α) (n), destruct (drop s n) = destruct s >>= drop.aux n | s, 0 => (bind_pure' _).symm | s, n + 1 => by rw [← dropn_tail, destruct_dropn _ n, destruct_tail, LawfulMonad.bind_assoc] rfl #align stream.wseq.destruct_dropn Stream'.WSeq.destruct_dropn theorem head_terminates_of_head_tail_terminates (s : WSeq α) [T : Terminates (head (tail s))] : Terminates (head s) := (head_terminates_iff _).2 <| by rcases (head_terminates_iff _).1 T with ⟨⟨a, h⟩⟩ simp? [tail] at h says simp only [tail, destruct_flatten] at h rcases exists_of_mem_bind h with ⟨s', h1, _⟩ unfold Functor.map at h1 exact let ⟨t, h3, _⟩ := Computation.exists_of_mem_map h1 Computation.terminates_of_mem h3 #align stream.wseq.head_terminates_of_head_tail_terminates Stream'.WSeq.head_terminates_of_head_tail_terminates theorem destruct_some_of_destruct_tail_some {s : WSeq α} {a} (h : some a ∈ destruct (tail s)) : ∃ a', some a' ∈ destruct s := by unfold tail Functor.map at h; simp only [destruct_flatten] at h rcases exists_of_mem_bind h with ⟨t, tm, td⟩; clear h rcases Computation.exists_of_mem_map tm with ⟨t', ht', ht2⟩; clear tm cases' t' with t' <;> rw [← ht2] at td <;> simp only [destruct_nil] at td · have := mem_unique td (ret_mem _) contradiction · exact ⟨_, ht'⟩ #align stream.wseq.destruct_some_of_destruct_tail_some Stream'.WSeq.destruct_some_of_destruct_tail_some theorem head_some_of_head_tail_some {s : WSeq α} {a} (h : some a ∈ head (tail s)) : ∃ a', some a' ∈ head s := by unfold head at h rcases Computation.exists_of_mem_map h with ⟨o, md, e⟩; clear h cases' o with o <;> [injection e; injection e with h']; clear h' cases' destruct_some_of_destruct_tail_some md with a am exact ⟨_, Computation.mem_map (@Prod.fst α (WSeq α) <$> ·) am⟩ #align stream.wseq.head_some_of_head_tail_some Stream'.WSeq.head_some_of_head_tail_some theorem head_some_of_get?_some {s : WSeq α} {a n} (h : some a ∈ get? s n) : ∃ a', some a' ∈ head s := by induction n generalizing a with | zero => exact ⟨_, h⟩ | succ n IH => let ⟨a', h'⟩ := head_some_of_head_tail_some h exact IH h' #align stream.wseq.head_some_of_nth_some Stream'.WSeq.head_some_of_get?_some instance productive_tail (s : WSeq α) [Productive s] : Productive (tail s) := ⟨fun n => by rw [get?_tail]; infer_instance⟩ #align stream.wseq.productive_tail Stream'.WSeq.productive_tail instance productive_dropn (s : WSeq α) [Productive s] (n) : Productive (drop s n) := ⟨fun m => by rw [← get?_add]; infer_instance⟩ #align stream.wseq.productive_dropn Stream'.WSeq.productive_dropn def toSeq (s : WSeq α) [Productive s] : Seq α := ⟨fun n => (get? s n).get, fun {n} h => by cases e : Computation.get (get? s (n + 1)) · assumption have := Computation.mem_of_get_eq _ e simp? [get?] at this h says simp only [get?] at this h cases' head_some_of_head_tail_some this with a' h' have := mem_unique h' (@Computation.mem_of_get_eq _ _ _ _ h) contradiction⟩ #align stream.wseq.to_seq Stream'.WSeq.toSeq theorem get?_terminates_le {s : WSeq α} {m n} (h : m ≤ n) : Terminates (get? s n) → Terminates (get? s m) := by induction' h with m' _ IH exacts [id, fun T => IH (@head_terminates_of_head_tail_terminates _ _ T)] #align stream.wseq.nth_terminates_le Stream'.WSeq.get?_terminates_le theorem head_terminates_of_get?_terminates {s : WSeq α} {n} : Terminates (get? s n) → Terminates (head s) := get?_terminates_le (Nat.zero_le n) #align stream.wseq.head_terminates_of_nth_terminates Stream'.WSeq.head_terminates_of_get?_terminates theorem destruct_terminates_of_get?_terminates {s : WSeq α} {n} (T : Terminates (get? s n)) : Terminates (destruct s) := (head_terminates_iff _).1 <| head_terminates_of_get?_terminates T #align stream.wseq.destruct_terminates_of_nth_terminates Stream'.WSeq.destruct_terminates_of_get?_terminates theorem mem_rec_on {C : WSeq α → Prop} {a s} (M : a ∈ s) (h1 : ∀ b s', a = b ∨ C s' → C (cons b s')) (h2 : ∀ s, C s → C (think s)) : C s := by apply Seq.mem_rec_on M intro o s' h; cases' o with b · apply h2 cases h · contradiction · assumption · apply h1 apply Or.imp_left _ h intro h injection h #align stream.wseq.mem_rec_on Stream'.WSeq.mem_rec_on @[simp] theorem mem_think (s : WSeq α) (a) : a ∈ think s ↔ a ∈ s := by cases' s with f al change (some (some a) ∈ some none::f) ↔ some (some a) ∈ f constructor <;> intro h · apply (Stream'.eq_or_mem_of_mem_cons h).resolve_left intro injections · apply Stream'.mem_cons_of_mem _ h #align stream.wseq.mem_think Stream'.WSeq.mem_think theorem eq_or_mem_iff_mem {s : WSeq α} {a a' s'} : some (a', s') ∈ destruct s → (a ∈ s ↔ a = a' ∨ a ∈ s') := by generalize e : destruct s = c; intro h revert s apply Computation.memRecOn h <;> [skip; intro c IH] <;> intro s <;> induction' s using WSeq.recOn with x s s <;> intro m <;> have := congr_arg Computation.destruct m <;> simp at this · cases' this with i1 i2 rw [i1, i2] cases' s' with f al dsimp only [cons, (· ∈ ·), WSeq.Mem, Seq.Mem, Seq.cons] have h_a_eq_a' : a = a' ↔ some (some a) = some (some a') := by simp rw [h_a_eq_a'] refine ⟨Stream'.eq_or_mem_of_mem_cons, fun o => ?_⟩ · cases' o with e m · rw [e] apply Stream'.mem_cons · exact Stream'.mem_cons_of_mem _ m · simp [IH this] #align stream.wseq.eq_or_mem_iff_mem Stream'.WSeq.eq_or_mem_iff_mem @[simp] theorem mem_cons_iff (s : WSeq α) (b) {a} : a ∈ cons b s ↔ a = b ∨ a ∈ s := eq_or_mem_iff_mem <| by simp [ret_mem] #align stream.wseq.mem_cons_iff Stream'.WSeq.mem_cons_iff theorem mem_cons_of_mem {s : WSeq α} (b) {a} (h : a ∈ s) : a ∈ cons b s := (mem_cons_iff _ _).2 (Or.inr h) #align stream.wseq.mem_cons_of_mem Stream'.WSeq.mem_cons_of_mem theorem mem_cons (s : WSeq α) (a) : a ∈ cons a s := (mem_cons_iff _ _).2 (Or.inl rfl) #align stream.wseq.mem_cons Stream'.WSeq.mem_cons theorem mem_of_mem_tail {s : WSeq α} {a} : a ∈ tail s → a ∈ s := by intro h; have := h; cases' h with n e; revert s; simp only [Stream'.get] induction' n with n IH <;> intro s <;> induction' s using WSeq.recOn with x s s <;> simp <;> intro m e <;> injections · exact Or.inr m · exact Or.inr m · apply IH m rw [e] cases tail s rfl #align stream.wseq.mem_of_mem_tail Stream'.WSeq.mem_of_mem_tail theorem mem_of_mem_dropn {s : WSeq α} {a} : ∀ {n}, a ∈ drop s n → a ∈ s | 0, h => h | n + 1, h => @mem_of_mem_dropn s a n (mem_of_mem_tail h) #align stream.wseq.mem_of_mem_dropn Stream'.WSeq.mem_of_mem_dropn theorem get?_mem {s : WSeq α} {a n} : some a ∈ get? s n → a ∈ s := by revert s; induction' n with n IH <;> intro s h · -- Porting note: This line is required to infer metavariables in -- `Computation.exists_of_mem_map`. dsimp only [get?, head] at h rcases Computation.exists_of_mem_map h with ⟨o, h1, h2⟩ cases' o with o · injection h2 injection h2 with h' cases' o with a' s' exact (eq_or_mem_iff_mem h1).2 (Or.inl h'.symm) · have := @IH (tail s) rw [get?_tail] at this exact mem_of_mem_tail (this h) #align stream.wseq.nth_mem Stream'.WSeq.get?_mem theorem exists_get?_of_mem {s : WSeq α} {a} (h : a ∈ s) : ∃ n, some a ∈ get? s n := by apply mem_rec_on h · intro a' s' h cases' h with h h · exists 0 simp only [get?, drop, head_cons] rw [h] apply ret_mem · cases' h with n h exists n + 1 -- porting note (#10745): was `simp [get?]`. simpa [get?] · intro s' h cases' h with n h exists n simp only [get?, dropn_think, head_think] apply think_mem h #align stream.wseq.exists_nth_of_mem Stream'.WSeq.exists_get?_of_mem theorem exists_dropn_of_mem {s : WSeq α} {a} (h : a ∈ s) : ∃ n s', some (a, s') ∈ destruct (drop s n) := let ⟨n, h⟩ := exists_get?_of_mem h ⟨n, by rcases (head_terminates_iff _).1 ⟨⟨_, h⟩⟩ with ⟨⟨o, om⟩⟩ have := Computation.mem_unique (Computation.mem_map _ om) h cases' o with o · injection this injection this with i cases' o with a' s' dsimp at i rw [i] at om exact ⟨_, om⟩⟩ #align stream.wseq.exists_dropn_of_mem Stream'.WSeq.exists_dropn_of_mem theorem liftRel_dropn_destruct {R : α → β → Prop} {s t} (H : LiftRel R s t) : ∀ n, Computation.LiftRel (LiftRelO R (LiftRel R)) (destruct (drop s n)) (destruct (drop t n)) | 0 => liftRel_destruct H | n + 1 => by simp only [LiftRelO, drop, Nat.add_eq, Nat.add_zero, destruct_tail, tail.aux] apply liftRel_bind · apply liftRel_dropn_destruct H n exact fun {a b} o => match a, b, o with | none, none, _ => by -- Porting note: These 2 theorems should be excluded. simp [-liftRel_pure_left, -liftRel_pure_right] | some (a, s), some (b, t), ⟨_, h2⟩ => by simpa [tail.aux] using liftRel_destruct h2 #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_dropn_destruct Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_dropn_destruct theorem exists_of_liftRel_left {R : α → β → Prop} {s t} (H : LiftRel R s t) {a} (h : a ∈ s) : ∃ b, b ∈ t ∧ R a b := by let ⟨n, h⟩ := exists_get?_of_mem h -- Porting note: This line is required to infer metavariables in -- `Computation.exists_of_mem_map`. dsimp only [get?, head] at h let ⟨some (_, s'), sd, rfl⟩ := Computation.exists_of_mem_map h let ⟨some (b, t'), td, ⟨ab, _⟩⟩ := (liftRel_dropn_destruct H n).left sd exact ⟨b, get?_mem (Computation.mem_map (Prod.fst.{v, v} <$> ·) td), ab⟩ #align stream.wseq.exists_of_lift_rel_left Stream'.WSeq.exists_of_liftRel_left theorem exists_of_liftRel_right {R : α → β → Prop} {s t} (H : LiftRel R s t) {b} (h : b ∈ t) : ∃ a, a ∈ s ∧ R a b := by rw [← LiftRel.swap] at H; exact exists_of_liftRel_left H h #align stream.wseq.exists_of_lift_rel_right Stream'.WSeq.exists_of_liftRel_right theorem head_terminates_of_mem {s : WSeq α} {a} (h : a ∈ s) : Terminates (head s) := let ⟨_, h⟩ := exists_get?_of_mem h head_terminates_of_get?_terminates ⟨⟨_, h⟩⟩ #align stream.wseq.head_terminates_of_mem Stream'.WSeq.head_terminates_of_mem theorem of_mem_append {s₁ s₂ : WSeq α} {a : α} : a ∈ append s₁ s₂ → a ∈ s₁ ∨ a ∈ s₂ := Seq.of_mem_append #align stream.wseq.of_mem_append Stream'.WSeq.of_mem_append theorem mem_append_left {s₁ s₂ : WSeq α} {a : α} : a ∈ s₁ → a ∈ append s₁ s₂ := Seq.mem_append_left #align stream.wseq.mem_append_left Stream'.WSeq.mem_append_left theorem exists_of_mem_map {f} {b : β} : ∀ {s : WSeq α}, b ∈ map f s → ∃ a, a ∈ s ∧ f a = b | ⟨g, al⟩, h => by let ⟨o, om, oe⟩ := Seq.exists_of_mem_map h cases' o with a · injection oe injection oe with h' exact ⟨a, om, h'⟩ #align stream.wseq.exists_of_mem_map Stream'.WSeq.exists_of_mem_map @[simp] theorem liftRel_nil (R : α → β → Prop) : LiftRel R nil nil := by rw [liftRel_destruct_iff] -- Porting note: These 2 theorems should be excluded. simp [-liftRel_pure_left, -liftRel_pure_right] #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_nil Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_nil @[simp] theorem liftRel_cons (R : α → β → Prop) (a b s t) : LiftRel R (cons a s) (cons b t) ↔ R a b ∧ LiftRel R s t := by rw [liftRel_destruct_iff] -- Porting note: These 2 theorems should be excluded. simp [-liftRel_pure_left, -liftRel_pure_right] #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_cons Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_cons @[simp] theorem liftRel_think_left (R : α → β → Prop) (s t) : LiftRel R (think s) t ↔ LiftRel R s t := by rw [liftRel_destruct_iff, liftRel_destruct_iff]; simp #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_think_left Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_think_left @[simp] theorem liftRel_think_right (R : α → β → Prop) (s t) : LiftRel R s (think t) ↔ LiftRel R s t := by rw [liftRel_destruct_iff, liftRel_destruct_iff]; simp #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_think_right Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_think_right theorem cons_congr {s t : WSeq α} (a : α) (h : s ~ʷ t) : cons a s ~ʷ cons a t := by unfold Equiv; simpa using h #align stream.wseq.cons_congr Stream'.WSeq.cons_congr theorem think_equiv (s : WSeq α) : think s ~ʷ s := by unfold Equiv; simpa using Equiv.refl _ #align stream.wseq.think_equiv Stream'.WSeq.think_equiv theorem think_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) : think s ~ʷ think t := by unfold Equiv; simpa using h #align stream.wseq.think_congr Stream'.WSeq.think_congr theorem head_congr : ∀ {s t : WSeq α}, s ~ʷ t → head s ~ head t := by suffices ∀ {s t : WSeq α}, s ~ʷ t → ∀ {o}, o ∈ head s → o ∈ head t from fun s t h o => ⟨this h, this h.symm⟩ intro s t h o ho rcases @Computation.exists_of_mem_map _ _ _ _ (destruct s) ho with ⟨ds, dsm, dse⟩ rw [← dse] cases' destruct_congr h with l r rcases l dsm with ⟨dt, dtm, dst⟩ cases' ds with a <;> cases' dt with b · apply Computation.mem_map _ dtm · cases b cases dst · cases a cases dst · cases' a with a s' cases' b with b t' rw [dst.left] exact @Computation.mem_map _ _ (@Functor.map _ _ (α × WSeq α) _ Prod.fst) (some (b, t')) (destruct t) dtm #align stream.wseq.head_congr Stream'.WSeq.head_congr theorem flatten_equiv {c : Computation (WSeq α)} {s} (h : s ∈ c) : flatten c ~ʷ s := by apply Computation.memRecOn h · simp [Equiv.refl] · intro s' apply Equiv.trans simp [think_equiv] #align stream.wseq.flatten_equiv Stream'.WSeq.flatten_equiv theorem liftRel_flatten {R : α → β → Prop} {c1 : Computation (WSeq α)} {c2 : Computation (WSeq β)} (h : c1.LiftRel (LiftRel R) c2) : LiftRel R (flatten c1) (flatten c2) := let S s t := ∃ c1 c2, s = flatten c1 ∧ t = flatten c2 ∧ Computation.LiftRel (LiftRel R) c1 c2 ⟨S, ⟨c1, c2, rfl, rfl, h⟩, fun {s t} h => match s, t, h with | _, _, ⟨c1, c2, rfl, rfl, h⟩ => by simp only [destruct_flatten]; apply liftRel_bind _ _ h intro a b ab; apply Computation.LiftRel.imp _ _ _ (liftRel_destruct ab) intro a b; apply LiftRelO.imp_right intro s t h; refine ⟨Computation.pure s, Computation.pure t, ?_, ?_, ?_⟩ <;> -- Porting note: These 2 theorems should be excluded. simp [h, -liftRel_pure_left, -liftRel_pure_right]⟩ #align stream.wseq.lift_rel_flatten Stream'.WSeq.liftRel_flatten theorem flatten_congr {c1 c2 : Computation (WSeq α)} : Computation.LiftRel Equiv c1 c2 → flatten c1 ~ʷ flatten c2 := liftRel_flatten #align stream.wseq.flatten_congr Stream'.WSeq.flatten_congr theorem tail_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) : tail s ~ʷ tail t := by apply flatten_congr dsimp only [(· <$> ·)]; rw [← Computation.bind_pure, ← Computation.bind_pure] apply liftRel_bind _ _ (destruct_congr h) intro a b h; simp only [comp_apply, liftRel_pure] cases' a with a <;> cases' b with b · trivial · cases h · cases a cases h · cases' a with a s' cases' b with b t' exact h.right #align stream.wseq.tail_congr Stream'.WSeq.tail_congr theorem dropn_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) (n) : drop s n ~ʷ drop t n := by induction n <;> simp [*, tail_congr, drop] #align stream.wseq.dropn_congr Stream'.WSeq.dropn_congr theorem get?_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) (n) : get? s n ~ get? t n := head_congr (dropn_congr h _) #align stream.wseq.nth_congr Stream'.WSeq.get?_congr theorem mem_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) (a) : a ∈ s ↔ a ∈ t := suffices ∀ {s t : WSeq α}, s ~ʷ t → a ∈ s → a ∈ t from ⟨this h, this h.symm⟩ fun {_ _} h as => let ⟨_, hn⟩ := exists_get?_of_mem as get?_mem ((get?_congr h _ _).1 hn) #align stream.wseq.mem_congr Stream'.WSeq.mem_congr theorem productive_congr {s t : WSeq α} (h : s ~ʷ t) : Productive s ↔ Productive t := by simp only [productive_iff]; exact forall_congr' fun n => terminates_congr <| get?_congr h _ #align stream.wseq.productive_congr Stream'.WSeq.productive_congr theorem Equiv.ext {s t : WSeq α} (h : ∀ n, get? s n ~ get? t n) : s ~ʷ t := ⟨fun s t => ∀ n, get? s n ~ get? t n, h, fun {s t} h => by refine liftRel_def.2 ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · rw [← head_terminates_iff, ← head_terminates_iff] exact terminates_congr (h 0) · intro a b ma mb cases' a with a <;> cases' b with b · trivial · injection mem_unique (Computation.mem_map _ ma) ((h 0 _).2 (Computation.mem_map _ mb)) · injection mem_unique (Computation.mem_map _ ma) ((h 0 _).2 (Computation.mem_map _ mb)) · cases' a with a s' cases' b with b t' injection mem_unique (Computation.mem_map _ ma) ((h 0 _).2 (Computation.mem_map _ mb)) with ab refine ⟨ab, fun n => ?_⟩ refine (get?_congr (flatten_equiv (Computation.mem_map _ ma)) n).symm.trans ((?_ : get? (tail s) n ~ get? (tail t) n).trans (get?_congr (flatten_equiv (Computation.mem_map _ mb)) n)) rw [get?_tail, get?_tail] apply h⟩ #align stream.wseq.equiv.ext Stream'.WSeq.Equiv.ext theorem length_eq_map (s : WSeq α) : length s = Computation.map List.length (toList s) := by refine Computation.eq_of_bisim (fun c1 c2 => ∃ (l : List α) (s : WSeq α), c1 = Computation.corec (fun ⟨n, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl n | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (n, s') | some (some _, s') => Sum.inr (n + 1, s')) (l.length, s) ∧ c2 = Computation.map List.length (Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l, s))) ?_ ⟨[], s, rfl, rfl⟩ intro s1 s2 h; rcases h with ⟨l, s, h⟩; rw [h.left, h.right] induction' s using WSeq.recOn with a s s <;> simp [toList, nil, cons, think, length] · refine ⟨a::l, s, ?_, ?_⟩ <;> simp · refine ⟨l, s, ?_, ?_⟩ <;> simp #align stream.wseq.length_eq_map Stream'.WSeq.length_eq_map @[simp] theorem ofList_nil : ofList [] = (nil : WSeq α) := rfl #align stream.wseq.of_list_nil Stream'.WSeq.ofList_nil @[simp] theorem ofList_cons (a : α) (l) : ofList (a::l) = cons a (ofList l) := show Seq.map some (Seq.ofList (a::l)) = Seq.cons (some a) (Seq.map some (Seq.ofList l)) by simp #align stream.wseq.of_list_cons Stream'.WSeq.ofList_cons @[simp] theorem toList'_nil (l : List α) : Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l, nil) = Computation.pure l.reverse := destruct_eq_pure rfl #align stream.wseq.to_list'_nil Stream'.WSeq.toList'_nil @[simp] theorem toList'_cons (l : List α) (s : WSeq α) (a : α) : Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l, cons a s) = (Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (a::l, s)).think := destruct_eq_think <| by simp [toList, cons] #align stream.wseq.to_list'_cons Stream'.WSeq.toList'_cons @[simp] theorem toList'_think (l : List α) (s : WSeq α) : Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l, think s) = (Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l, s)).think := destruct_eq_think <| by simp [toList, think] #align stream.wseq.to_list'_think Stream'.WSeq.toList'_think theorem toList'_map (l : List α) (s : WSeq α) : Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a :: l, s')) (l, s) = (l.reverse ++ ·) <$> toList s := by refine Computation.eq_of_bisim (fun c1 c2 => ∃ (l' : List α) (s : WSeq α), c1 = Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l' ++ l, s) ∧ c2 = Computation.map (l.reverse ++ ·) (Computation.corec (fun ⟨l, s⟩ => match Seq.destruct s with | none => Sum.inl l.reverse | some (none, s') => Sum.inr (l, s') | some (some a, s') => Sum.inr (a::l, s')) (l', s))) ?_ ⟨[], s, rfl, rfl⟩ intro s1 s2 h; rcases h with ⟨l', s, h⟩; rw [h.left, h.right] induction' s using WSeq.recOn with a s s <;> simp [toList, nil, cons, think, length] · refine ⟨a::l', s, ?_, ?_⟩ <;> simp · refine ⟨l', s, ?_, ?_⟩ <;> simp #align stream.wseq.to_list'_map Stream'.WSeq.toList'_map @[simp] theorem toList_cons (a : α) (s) : toList (cons a s) = (List.cons a <$> toList s).think := destruct_eq_think <| by unfold toList simp only [toList'_cons, Computation.destruct_think, Sum.inr.injEq] rw [toList'_map] simp only [List.reverse_cons, List.reverse_nil, List.nil_append, List.singleton_append] rfl #align stream.wseq.to_list_cons Stream'.WSeq.toList_cons @[simp] theorem toList_nil : toList (nil : WSeq α) = Computation.pure [] := destruct_eq_pure rfl #align stream.wseq.to_list_nil Stream'.WSeq.toList_nil theorem toList_ofList (l : List α) : l ∈ toList (ofList l) := by induction' l with a l IH <;> simp [ret_mem]; exact think_mem (Computation.mem_map _ IH) #align stream.wseq.to_list_of_list Stream'.WSeq.toList_ofList @[simp] theorem destruct_ofSeq (s : Seq α) : destruct (ofSeq s) = Computation.pure (s.head.map fun a => (a, ofSeq s.tail)) := destruct_eq_pure <| by simp only [destruct, Seq.destruct, Option.map_eq_map, ofSeq, Computation.corec_eq, rmap, Seq.head] rw [show Seq.get? (some <$> s) 0 = some <$> Seq.get? s 0 by apply Seq.map_get?] cases' Seq.get? s 0 with a · rfl dsimp only [(· <$> ·)] simp [destruct] #align stream.wseq.destruct_of_seq Stream'.WSeq.destruct_ofSeq @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Seq/WSeq.lean
1,363
1,365
theorem head_ofSeq (s : Seq α) : head (ofSeq s) = Computation.pure s.head := by
simp only [head, Option.map_eq_map, destruct_ofSeq, Computation.map_pure, Option.map_map] cases Seq.head s <;> rfl
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Bernstein import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Algebra #align_import topology.continuous_function.weierstrass from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"17ef379e997badd73e5eabb4d38f11919ab3c4b3" open ContinuousMap Filter open scoped unitInterval theorem polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top' : (polynomialFunctions I).topologicalClosure = ⊤ := by rw [eq_top_iff] rintro f - refine Filter.Frequently.mem_closure ?_ refine Filter.Tendsto.frequently (bernsteinApproximation_uniform f) ?_ apply frequently_of_forall intro n simp only [SetLike.mem_coe] apply Subalgebra.sum_mem rintro n - apply Subalgebra.smul_mem dsimp [bernstein, polynomialFunctions] simp #align polynomial_functions_closure_eq_top' polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top' theorem polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top (a b : ℝ) : (polynomialFunctions (Set.Icc a b)).topologicalClosure = ⊤ := by cases' lt_or_le a b with h h -- (Otherwise it's easy; we'll deal with that later.) · -- We can pullback continuous functions on `[a,b]` to continuous functions on `[0,1]`, -- by precomposing with an affine map. let W : C(Set.Icc a b, ℝ) →ₐ[ℝ] C(I, ℝ) := compRightAlgHom ℝ ℝ (iccHomeoI a b h).symm.toContinuousMap -- This operation is itself a homeomorphism -- (with respect to the norm topologies on continuous functions). let W' : C(Set.Icc a b, ℝ) ≃ₜ C(I, ℝ) := compRightHomeomorph ℝ (iccHomeoI a b h).symm have w : (W : C(Set.Icc a b, ℝ) → C(I, ℝ)) = W' := rfl -- Thus we take the statement of the Weierstrass approximation theorem for `[0,1]`, have p := polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top' -- and pullback both sides, obtaining an equation between subalgebras of `C([a,b], ℝ)`. apply_fun fun s => s.comap W at p simp only [Algebra.comap_top] at p -- Since the pullback operation is continuous, it commutes with taking `topologicalClosure`, rw [Subalgebra.topologicalClosure_comap_homeomorph _ W W' w] at p -- and precomposing with an affine map takes polynomial functions to polynomial functions. rw [polynomialFunctions.comap_compRightAlgHom_iccHomeoI] at p -- 🎉 exact p · -- Otherwise, `b ≤ a`, and the interval is a subsingleton, have : Subsingleton (Set.Icc a b) := (Set.subsingleton_Icc_of_ge h).coe_sort apply Subsingleton.elim #align polynomial_functions_closure_eq_top polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top
Mathlib/Topology/ContinuousFunction/Weierstrass.lean
86
89
theorem continuousMap_mem_polynomialFunctions_closure (a b : ℝ) (f : C(Set.Icc a b, ℝ)) : f ∈ (polynomialFunctions (Set.Icc a b)).topologicalClosure := by
rw [polynomialFunctions_closure_eq_top _ _] simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Module.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.Ring.Idempotents import Mathlib.RingTheory.Ideal.LocalRing import Mathlib.RingTheory.Noetherian import Mathlib.RingTheory.ReesAlgebra import Mathlib.RingTheory.Finiteness import Mathlib.Order.Basic import Mathlib.Order.Hom.Lattice #align_import ring_theory.filtration from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" universe u v variable {R M : Type u} [CommRing R] [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] (I : Ideal R) open Polynomial open scoped Polynomial @[ext] structure Ideal.Filtration (M : Type u) [AddCommGroup M] [Module R M] where N : ℕ → Submodule R M mono : ∀ i, N (i + 1) ≤ N i smul_le : ∀ i, I • N i ≤ N (i + 1) #align ideal.filtration Ideal.Filtration variable (F F' : I.Filtration M) {I} namespace Ideal.Filtration theorem pow_smul_le (i j : ℕ) : I ^ i • F.N j ≤ F.N (i + j) := by induction' i with _ ih · simp · rw [pow_succ', mul_smul, add_assoc, add_comm 1, ← add_assoc] exact (smul_mono_right _ ih).trans (F.smul_le _) #align ideal.filtration.pow_smul_le Ideal.Filtration.pow_smul_le theorem pow_smul_le_pow_smul (i j k : ℕ) : I ^ (i + k) • F.N j ≤ I ^ k • F.N (i + j) := by rw [add_comm, pow_add, mul_smul] exact smul_mono_right _ (F.pow_smul_le i j) #align ideal.filtration.pow_smul_le_pow_smul Ideal.Filtration.pow_smul_le_pow_smul protected theorem antitone : Antitone F.N := antitone_nat_of_succ_le F.mono #align ideal.filtration.antitone Ideal.Filtration.antitone @[simps] def _root_.Ideal.trivialFiltration (I : Ideal R) (N : Submodule R M) : I.Filtration M where N _ := N mono _ := le_rfl smul_le _ := Submodule.smul_le_right #align ideal.trivial_filtration Ideal.trivialFiltration instance : Sup (I.Filtration M) := ⟨fun F F' => ⟨F.N ⊔ F'.N, fun i => sup_le_sup (F.mono i) (F'.mono i), fun i => (Submodule.smul_sup _ _ _).trans_le <| sup_le_sup (F.smul_le i) (F'.smul_le i)⟩⟩ instance : SupSet (I.Filtration M) := ⟨fun S => { N := sSup (Ideal.Filtration.N '' S) mono := fun i => by apply sSup_le_sSup_of_forall_exists_le _ rintro _ ⟨⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩, rfl⟩ exact ⟨_, ⟨⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩, rfl⟩, F.mono i⟩ smul_le := fun i => by rw [sSup_eq_iSup', iSup_apply, Submodule.smul_iSup, iSup_apply] apply iSup_mono _ rintro ⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩ exact F.smul_le i }⟩ instance : Inf (I.Filtration M) := ⟨fun F F' => ⟨F.N ⊓ F'.N, fun i => inf_le_inf (F.mono i) (F'.mono i), fun i => (smul_inf_le _ _ _).trans <| inf_le_inf (F.smul_le i) (F'.smul_le i)⟩⟩ instance : InfSet (I.Filtration M) := ⟨fun S => { N := sInf (Ideal.Filtration.N '' S) mono := fun i => by apply sInf_le_sInf_of_forall_exists_le _ rintro _ ⟨⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩, rfl⟩ exact ⟨_, ⟨⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩, rfl⟩, F.mono i⟩ smul_le := fun i => by rw [sInf_eq_iInf', iInf_apply, iInf_apply] refine smul_iInf_le.trans ?_ apply iInf_mono _ rintro ⟨_, F, hF, rfl⟩ exact F.smul_le i }⟩ instance : Top (I.Filtration M) := ⟨I.trivialFiltration ⊤⟩ instance : Bot (I.Filtration M) := ⟨I.trivialFiltration ⊥⟩ @[simp] theorem sup_N : (F ⊔ F').N = F.N ⊔ F'.N := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.sup_N Ideal.Filtration.sup_N @[simp] theorem sSup_N (S : Set (I.Filtration M)) : (sSup S).N = sSup (Ideal.Filtration.N '' S) := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.Sup_N Ideal.Filtration.sSup_N @[simp] theorem inf_N : (F ⊓ F').N = F.N ⊓ F'.N := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.inf_N Ideal.Filtration.inf_N @[simp] theorem sInf_N (S : Set (I.Filtration M)) : (sInf S).N = sInf (Ideal.Filtration.N '' S) := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.Inf_N Ideal.Filtration.sInf_N @[simp] theorem top_N : (⊤ : I.Filtration M).N = ⊤ := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.top_N Ideal.Filtration.top_N @[simp] theorem bot_N : (⊥ : I.Filtration M).N = ⊥ := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.bot_N Ideal.Filtration.bot_N @[simp] theorem iSup_N {ι : Sort*} (f : ι → I.Filtration M) : (iSup f).N = ⨆ i, (f i).N := congr_arg sSup (Set.range_comp _ _).symm set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.supr_N Ideal.Filtration.iSup_N @[simp] theorem iInf_N {ι : Sort*} (f : ι → I.Filtration M) : (iInf f).N = ⨅ i, (f i).N := congr_arg sInf (Set.range_comp _ _).symm set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align ideal.filtration.infi_N Ideal.Filtration.iInf_N instance : CompleteLattice (I.Filtration M) := Function.Injective.completeLattice Ideal.Filtration.N Ideal.Filtration.ext sup_N inf_N (fun _ => sSup_image) (fun _ => sInf_image) top_N bot_N instance : Inhabited (I.Filtration M) := ⟨⊥⟩ def Stable : Prop := ∃ n₀, ∀ n ≥ n₀, I • F.N n = F.N (n + 1) #align ideal.filtration.stable Ideal.Filtration.Stable @[simps] def _root_.Ideal.stableFiltration (I : Ideal R) (N : Submodule R M) : I.Filtration M where N i := I ^ i • N mono i := by dsimp only; rw [add_comm, pow_add, mul_smul]; exact Submodule.smul_le_right smul_le i := by dsimp only; rw [add_comm, pow_add, mul_smul, pow_one] #align ideal.stable_filtration Ideal.stableFiltration theorem _root_.Ideal.stableFiltration_stable (I : Ideal R) (N : Submodule R M) : (I.stableFiltration N).Stable := by use 0 intro n _ dsimp rw [add_comm, pow_add, mul_smul, pow_one] #align ideal.stable_filtration_stable Ideal.stableFiltration_stable variable {F F'} (h : F.Stable) theorem Stable.exists_pow_smul_eq : ∃ n₀, ∀ k, F.N (n₀ + k) = I ^ k • F.N n₀ := by obtain ⟨n₀, hn⟩ := h use n₀ intro k induction' k with _ ih · simp · rw [← add_assoc, ← hn, ih, add_comm, pow_add, mul_smul, pow_one] omega #align ideal.filtration.stable.exists_pow_smul_eq Ideal.Filtration.Stable.exists_pow_smul_eq theorem Stable.exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge : ∃ n₀, ∀ n ≥ n₀, F.N n = I ^ (n - n₀) • F.N n₀ := by obtain ⟨n₀, hn₀⟩ := h.exists_pow_smul_eq use n₀ intro n hn convert hn₀ (n - n₀) rw [add_comm, tsub_add_cancel_of_le hn] #align ideal.filtration.stable.exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge Ideal.Filtration.Stable.exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge theorem stable_iff_exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge : F.Stable ↔ ∃ n₀, ∀ n ≥ n₀, F.N n = I ^ (n - n₀) • F.N n₀ := by refine ⟨Stable.exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge, fun h => ⟨h.choose, fun n hn => ?_⟩⟩ rw [h.choose_spec n hn, h.choose_spec (n + 1) (by omega), smul_smul, ← pow_succ', tsub_add_eq_add_tsub hn] #align ideal.filtration.stable_iff_exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge Ideal.Filtration.stable_iff_exists_pow_smul_eq_of_ge theorem Stable.exists_forall_le (h : F.Stable) (e : F.N 0 ≤ F'.N 0) : ∃ n₀, ∀ n, F.N (n + n₀) ≤ F'.N n := by obtain ⟨n₀, hF⟩ := h use n₀ intro n induction' n with n hn · refine (F.antitone ?_).trans e; simp · rw [add_right_comm, ← hF] · exact (smul_mono_right _ hn).trans (F'.smul_le _) simp #align ideal.filtration.stable.exists_forall_le Ideal.Filtration.Stable.exists_forall_le theorem Stable.bounded_difference (h : F.Stable) (h' : F'.Stable) (e : F.N 0 = F'.N 0) : ∃ n₀, ∀ n, F.N (n + n₀) ≤ F'.N n ∧ F'.N (n + n₀) ≤ F.N n := by obtain ⟨n₁, h₁⟩ := h.exists_forall_le (le_of_eq e) obtain ⟨n₂, h₂⟩ := h'.exists_forall_le (le_of_eq e.symm) use max n₁ n₂ intro n refine ⟨(F.antitone ?_).trans (h₁ n), (F'.antitone ?_).trans (h₂ n)⟩ <;> simp #align ideal.filtration.stable.bounded_difference Ideal.Filtration.Stable.bounded_difference open PolynomialModule variable (F F') protected def submodule : Submodule (reesAlgebra I) (PolynomialModule R M) where carrier := { f | ∀ i, f i ∈ F.N i } add_mem' hf hg i := Submodule.add_mem _ (hf i) (hg i) zero_mem' i := Submodule.zero_mem _ smul_mem' r f hf i := by rw [Subalgebra.smul_def, PolynomialModule.smul_apply] apply Submodule.sum_mem rintro ⟨j, k⟩ e rw [Finset.mem_antidiagonal] at e subst e exact F.pow_smul_le j k (Submodule.smul_mem_smul (r.2 j) (hf k)) #align ideal.filtration.submodule Ideal.Filtration.submodule @[simp] theorem mem_submodule (f : PolynomialModule R M) : f ∈ F.submodule ↔ ∀ i, f i ∈ F.N i := Iff.rfl #align ideal.filtration.mem_submodule Ideal.Filtration.mem_submodule theorem inf_submodule : (F ⊓ F').submodule = F.submodule ⊓ F'.submodule := by ext exact forall_and #align ideal.filtration.inf_submodule Ideal.Filtration.inf_submodule variable (I M) def submoduleInfHom : InfHom (I.Filtration M) (Submodule (reesAlgebra I) (PolynomialModule R M)) where toFun := Ideal.Filtration.submodule map_inf' := inf_submodule #align ideal.filtration.submodule_inf_hom Ideal.Filtration.submoduleInfHom variable {I M}
Mathlib/RingTheory/Filtration.lean
301
314
theorem submodule_closure_single : AddSubmonoid.closure (⋃ i, single R i '' (F.N i : Set M)) = F.submodule.toAddSubmonoid := by
apply le_antisymm · rw [AddSubmonoid.closure_le, Set.iUnion_subset_iff] rintro i _ ⟨m, hm, rfl⟩ j rw [single_apply] split_ifs with h · rwa [← h] · exact (F.N j).zero_mem · intro f hf rw [← f.sum_single] apply AddSubmonoid.sum_mem _ _ rintro c - exact AddSubmonoid.subset_closure (Set.subset_iUnion _ c <| Set.mem_image_of_mem _ (hf c))
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.Arithmetic #align_import set_theory.ordinal.exponential from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"b67044ba53af18680e1dd246861d9584e968495d" noncomputable section open Function Cardinal Set Equiv Order open scoped Classical open Cardinal Ordinal universe u v w namespace Ordinal instance pow : Pow Ordinal Ordinal := ⟨fun a b => if a = 0 then 1 - b else limitRecOn b 1 (fun _ IH => IH * a) fun b _ => bsup.{u, u} b⟩ -- Porting note: Ambiguous notations. -- local infixr:0 "^" => @Pow.pow Ordinal Ordinal Ordinal.instPowOrdinalOrdinal theorem opow_def (a b : Ordinal) : a ^ b = if a = 0 then 1 - b else limitRecOn b 1 (fun _ IH => IH * a) fun b _ => bsup.{u, u} b := rfl #align ordinal.opow_def Ordinal.opow_def -- Porting note: `if_pos rfl` → `if_true` theorem zero_opow' (a : Ordinal) : 0 ^ a = 1 - a := by simp only [opow_def, if_true] #align ordinal.zero_opow' Ordinal.zero_opow' @[simp] theorem zero_opow {a : Ordinal} (a0 : a ≠ 0) : (0 : Ordinal) ^ a = 0 := by rwa [zero_opow', Ordinal.sub_eq_zero_iff_le, one_le_iff_ne_zero] #align ordinal.zero_opow Ordinal.zero_opow @[simp] theorem opow_zero (a : Ordinal) : a ^ (0 : Ordinal) = 1 := by by_cases h : a = 0 · simp only [opow_def, if_pos h, sub_zero] · simp only [opow_def, if_neg h, limitRecOn_zero] #align ordinal.opow_zero Ordinal.opow_zero @[simp] theorem opow_succ (a b : Ordinal) : a ^ succ b = a ^ b * a := if h : a = 0 then by subst a; simp only [zero_opow (succ_ne_zero _), mul_zero] else by simp only [opow_def, limitRecOn_succ, if_neg h] #align ordinal.opow_succ Ordinal.opow_succ theorem opow_limit {a b : Ordinal} (a0 : a ≠ 0) (h : IsLimit b) : a ^ b = bsup.{u, u} b fun c _ => a ^ c := by simp only [opow_def, if_neg a0]; rw [limitRecOn_limit _ _ _ _ h] #align ordinal.opow_limit Ordinal.opow_limit theorem opow_le_of_limit {a b c : Ordinal} (a0 : a ≠ 0) (h : IsLimit b) : a ^ b ≤ c ↔ ∀ b' < b, a ^ b' ≤ c := by rw [opow_limit a0 h, bsup_le_iff] #align ordinal.opow_le_of_limit Ordinal.opow_le_of_limit theorem lt_opow_of_limit {a b c : Ordinal} (b0 : b ≠ 0) (h : IsLimit c) : a < b ^ c ↔ ∃ c' < c, a < b ^ c' := by rw [← not_iff_not, not_exists]; simp only [not_lt, opow_le_of_limit b0 h, exists_prop, not_and] #align ordinal.lt_opow_of_limit Ordinal.lt_opow_of_limit @[simp] theorem opow_one (a : Ordinal) : a ^ (1 : Ordinal) = a := by rw [← succ_zero, opow_succ]; simp only [opow_zero, one_mul] #align ordinal.opow_one Ordinal.opow_one @[simp] theorem one_opow (a : Ordinal) : (1 : Ordinal) ^ a = 1 := by induction a using limitRecOn with | H₁ => simp only [opow_zero] | H₂ _ ih => simp only [opow_succ, ih, mul_one] | H₃ b l IH => refine eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun c => ?_ rw [opow_le_of_limit Ordinal.one_ne_zero l] exact ⟨fun H => by simpa only [opow_zero] using H 0 l.pos, fun H b' h => by rwa [IH _ h]⟩ #align ordinal.one_opow Ordinal.one_opow theorem opow_pos {a : Ordinal} (b : Ordinal) (a0 : 0 < a) : 0 < a ^ b := by have h0 : 0 < a ^ (0 : Ordinal) := by simp only [opow_zero, zero_lt_one] induction b using limitRecOn with | H₁ => exact h0 | H₂ b IH => rw [opow_succ] exact mul_pos IH a0 | H₃ b l _ => exact (lt_opow_of_limit (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.1 a0) l).2 ⟨0, l.pos, h0⟩ #align ordinal.opow_pos Ordinal.opow_pos theorem opow_ne_zero {a : Ordinal} (b : Ordinal) (a0 : a ≠ 0) : a ^ b ≠ 0 := Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.1 <| opow_pos b <| Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 a0 #align ordinal.opow_ne_zero Ordinal.opow_ne_zero theorem opow_isNormal {a : Ordinal} (h : 1 < a) : IsNormal (a ^ ·) := have a0 : 0 < a := zero_lt_one.trans h ⟨fun b => by simpa only [mul_one, opow_succ] using (mul_lt_mul_iff_left (opow_pos b a0)).2 h, fun b l c => opow_le_of_limit (ne_of_gt a0) l⟩ #align ordinal.opow_is_normal Ordinal.opow_isNormal theorem opow_lt_opow_iff_right {a b c : Ordinal} (a1 : 1 < a) : a ^ b < a ^ c ↔ b < c := (opow_isNormal a1).lt_iff #align ordinal.opow_lt_opow_iff_right Ordinal.opow_lt_opow_iff_right theorem opow_le_opow_iff_right {a b c : Ordinal} (a1 : 1 < a) : a ^ b ≤ a ^ c ↔ b ≤ c := (opow_isNormal a1).le_iff #align ordinal.opow_le_opow_iff_right Ordinal.opow_le_opow_iff_right theorem opow_right_inj {a b c : Ordinal} (a1 : 1 < a) : a ^ b = a ^ c ↔ b = c := (opow_isNormal a1).inj #align ordinal.opow_right_inj Ordinal.opow_right_inj theorem opow_isLimit {a b : Ordinal} (a1 : 1 < a) : IsLimit b → IsLimit (a ^ b) := (opow_isNormal a1).isLimit #align ordinal.opow_is_limit Ordinal.opow_isLimit theorem opow_isLimit_left {a b : Ordinal} (l : IsLimit a) (hb : b ≠ 0) : IsLimit (a ^ b) := by rcases zero_or_succ_or_limit b with (e | ⟨b, rfl⟩ | l') · exact absurd e hb · rw [opow_succ] exact mul_isLimit (opow_pos _ l.pos) l · exact opow_isLimit l.one_lt l' #align ordinal.opow_is_limit_left Ordinal.opow_isLimit_left theorem opow_le_opow_right {a b c : Ordinal} (h₁ : 0 < a) (h₂ : b ≤ c) : a ^ b ≤ a ^ c := by rcases lt_or_eq_of_le (one_le_iff_pos.2 h₁) with h₁ | h₁ · exact (opow_le_opow_iff_right h₁).2 h₂ · subst a -- Porting note: `le_refl` is required. simp only [one_opow, le_refl] #align ordinal.opow_le_opow_right Ordinal.opow_le_opow_right theorem opow_le_opow_left {a b : Ordinal} (c : Ordinal) (ab : a ≤ b) : a ^ c ≤ b ^ c := by by_cases a0 : a = 0 -- Porting note: `le_refl` is required. · subst a by_cases c0 : c = 0 · subst c simp only [opow_zero, le_refl] · simp only [zero_opow c0, Ordinal.zero_le] · induction c using limitRecOn with | H₁ => simp only [opow_zero, le_refl] | H₂ c IH => simpa only [opow_succ] using mul_le_mul' IH ab | H₃ c l IH => exact (opow_le_of_limit a0 l).2 fun b' h => (IH _ h).trans (opow_le_opow_right ((Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 a0).trans_le ab) h.le) #align ordinal.opow_le_opow_left Ordinal.opow_le_opow_left theorem left_le_opow (a : Ordinal) {b : Ordinal} (b1 : 0 < b) : a ≤ a ^ b := by nth_rw 1 [← opow_one a] cases' le_or_gt a 1 with a1 a1 · rcases lt_or_eq_of_le a1 with a0 | a1 · rw [lt_one_iff_zero] at a0 rw [a0, zero_opow Ordinal.one_ne_zero] exact Ordinal.zero_le _ rw [a1, one_opow, one_opow] rwa [opow_le_opow_iff_right a1, one_le_iff_pos] #align ordinal.left_le_opow Ordinal.left_le_opow theorem right_le_opow {a : Ordinal} (b : Ordinal) (a1 : 1 < a) : b ≤ a ^ b := (opow_isNormal a1).self_le _ #align ordinal.right_le_opow Ordinal.right_le_opow theorem opow_lt_opow_left_of_succ {a b c : Ordinal} (ab : a < b) : a ^ succ c < b ^ succ c := by rw [opow_succ, opow_succ] exact (mul_le_mul_right' (opow_le_opow_left c ab.le) a).trans_lt (mul_lt_mul_of_pos_left ab (opow_pos c ((Ordinal.zero_le a).trans_lt ab))) #align ordinal.opow_lt_opow_left_of_succ Ordinal.opow_lt_opow_left_of_succ theorem opow_add (a b c : Ordinal) : a ^ (b + c) = a ^ b * a ^ c := by rcases eq_or_ne a 0 with (rfl | a0) · rcases eq_or_ne c 0 with (rfl | c0) · simp have : b + c ≠ 0 := ((Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 c0).trans_le (le_add_left _ _)).ne' simp only [zero_opow c0, zero_opow this, mul_zero] rcases eq_or_lt_of_le (one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 a0) with (rfl | a1) · simp only [one_opow, mul_one] induction c using limitRecOn with | H₁ => simp | H₂ c IH => rw [add_succ, opow_succ, IH, opow_succ, mul_assoc] | H₃ c l IH => refine eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun d => (((opow_isNormal a1).trans (add_isNormal b)).limit_le l).trans ?_ dsimp only [Function.comp_def] simp (config := { contextual := true }) only [IH] exact (((mul_isNormal <| opow_pos b (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 a0)).trans (opow_isNormal a1)).limit_le l).symm #align ordinal.opow_add Ordinal.opow_add theorem opow_one_add (a b : Ordinal) : a ^ (1 + b) = a * a ^ b := by rw [opow_add, opow_one] #align ordinal.opow_one_add Ordinal.opow_one_add theorem opow_dvd_opow (a : Ordinal) {b c : Ordinal} (h : b ≤ c) : a ^ b ∣ a ^ c := ⟨a ^ (c - b), by rw [← opow_add, Ordinal.add_sub_cancel_of_le h]⟩ #align ordinal.opow_dvd_opow Ordinal.opow_dvd_opow theorem opow_dvd_opow_iff {a b c : Ordinal} (a1 : 1 < a) : a ^ b ∣ a ^ c ↔ b ≤ c := ⟨fun h => le_of_not_lt fun hn => not_le_of_lt ((opow_lt_opow_iff_right a1).2 hn) <| le_of_dvd (opow_ne_zero _ <| one_le_iff_ne_zero.1 <| a1.le) h, opow_dvd_opow _⟩ #align ordinal.opow_dvd_opow_iff Ordinal.opow_dvd_opow_iff theorem opow_mul (a b c : Ordinal) : a ^ (b * c) = (a ^ b) ^ c := by by_cases b0 : b = 0; · simp only [b0, zero_mul, opow_zero, one_opow] by_cases a0 : a = 0 · subst a by_cases c0 : c = 0 · simp only [c0, mul_zero, opow_zero] simp only [zero_opow b0, zero_opow c0, zero_opow (mul_ne_zero b0 c0)] cases' eq_or_lt_of_le (one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 a0) with a1 a1 · subst a1 simp only [one_opow] induction c using limitRecOn with | H₁ => simp only [mul_zero, opow_zero] | H₂ c IH => rw [mul_succ, opow_add, IH, opow_succ] | H₃ c l IH => refine eq_of_forall_ge_iff fun d => (((opow_isNormal a1).trans (mul_isNormal (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 b0))).limit_le l).trans ?_ dsimp only [Function.comp_def] simp (config := { contextual := true }) only [IH] exact (opow_le_of_limit (opow_ne_zero _ a0) l).symm #align ordinal.opow_mul Ordinal.opow_mul -- @[pp_nodot] -- Porting note: Unknown attribute. def log (b : Ordinal) (x : Ordinal) : Ordinal := if _h : 1 < b then pred (sInf { o | x < b ^ o }) else 0 #align ordinal.log Ordinal.log theorem log_nonempty {b x : Ordinal} (h : 1 < b) : { o : Ordinal | x < b ^ o }.Nonempty := ⟨_, succ_le_iff.1 (right_le_opow _ h)⟩ #align ordinal.log_nonempty Ordinal.log_nonempty theorem log_def {b : Ordinal} (h : 1 < b) (x : Ordinal) : log b x = pred (sInf { o | x < b ^ o }) := by simp only [log, dif_pos h] #align ordinal.log_def Ordinal.log_def theorem log_of_not_one_lt_left {b : Ordinal} (h : ¬1 < b) (x : Ordinal) : log b x = 0 := by simp only [log, dif_neg h] #align ordinal.log_of_not_one_lt_left Ordinal.log_of_not_one_lt_left theorem log_of_left_le_one {b : Ordinal} (h : b ≤ 1) : ∀ x, log b x = 0 := log_of_not_one_lt_left h.not_lt #align ordinal.log_of_left_le_one Ordinal.log_of_left_le_one @[simp] theorem log_zero_left : ∀ b, log 0 b = 0 := log_of_left_le_one zero_le_one #align ordinal.log_zero_left Ordinal.log_zero_left @[simp] theorem log_zero_right (b : Ordinal) : log b 0 = 0 := if b1 : 1 < b then by rw [log_def b1, ← Ordinal.le_zero, pred_le] apply csInf_le' dsimp rw [succ_zero, opow_one] exact zero_lt_one.trans b1 else by simp only [log_of_not_one_lt_left b1] #align ordinal.log_zero_right Ordinal.log_zero_right @[simp] theorem log_one_left : ∀ b, log 1 b = 0 := log_of_left_le_one le_rfl #align ordinal.log_one_left Ordinal.log_one_left theorem succ_log_def {b x : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (hx : x ≠ 0) : succ (log b x) = sInf { o : Ordinal | x < b ^ o } := by let t := sInf { o : Ordinal | x < b ^ o } have : x < (b^t) := csInf_mem (log_nonempty hb) rcases zero_or_succ_or_limit t with (h | h | h) · refine ((one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 hx).not_lt ?_).elim simpa only [h, opow_zero] using this · rw [show log b x = pred t from log_def hb x, succ_pred_iff_is_succ.2 h] · rcases (lt_opow_of_limit (zero_lt_one.trans hb).ne' h).1 this with ⟨a, h₁, h₂⟩ exact h₁.not_le.elim ((le_csInf_iff'' (log_nonempty hb)).1 le_rfl a h₂) #align ordinal.succ_log_def Ordinal.succ_log_def theorem lt_opow_succ_log_self {b : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (x : Ordinal) : x < b ^ succ (log b x) := by rcases eq_or_ne x 0 with (rfl | hx) · apply opow_pos _ (zero_lt_one.trans hb) · rw [succ_log_def hb hx] exact csInf_mem (log_nonempty hb) #align ordinal.lt_opow_succ_log_self Ordinal.lt_opow_succ_log_self theorem opow_log_le_self (b : Ordinal) {x : Ordinal} (hx : x ≠ 0) : b ^ log b x ≤ x := by rcases eq_or_ne b 0 with (rfl | b0) · rw [zero_opow'] exact (sub_le_self _ _).trans (one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 hx) rcases lt_or_eq_of_le (one_le_iff_ne_zero.2 b0) with (hb | rfl) · refine le_of_not_lt fun h => (lt_succ (log b x)).not_le ?_ have := @csInf_le' _ _ { o | x < b ^ o } _ h rwa [← succ_log_def hb hx] at this · rwa [one_opow, one_le_iff_ne_zero] #align ordinal.opow_log_le_self Ordinal.opow_log_le_self theorem opow_le_iff_le_log {b x c : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (hx : x ≠ 0) : b ^ c ≤ x ↔ c ≤ log b x := ⟨fun h => le_of_not_lt fun hn => (lt_opow_succ_log_self hb x).not_le <| ((opow_le_opow_iff_right hb).2 (succ_le_of_lt hn)).trans h, fun h => ((opow_le_opow_iff_right hb).2 h).trans (opow_log_le_self b hx)⟩ #align ordinal.opow_le_iff_le_log Ordinal.opow_le_iff_le_log theorem lt_opow_iff_log_lt {b x c : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (hx : x ≠ 0) : x < b ^ c ↔ log b x < c := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le (opow_le_iff_le_log hb hx) #align ordinal.lt_opow_iff_log_lt Ordinal.lt_opow_iff_log_lt theorem log_pos {b o : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (ho : o ≠ 0) (hbo : b ≤ o) : 0 < log b o := by rwa [← succ_le_iff, succ_zero, ← opow_le_iff_le_log hb ho, opow_one] #align ordinal.log_pos Ordinal.log_pos theorem log_eq_zero {b o : Ordinal} (hbo : o < b) : log b o = 0 := by rcases eq_or_ne o 0 with (rfl | ho) · exact log_zero_right b rcases le_or_lt b 1 with hb | hb · rcases le_one_iff.1 hb with (rfl | rfl) · exact log_zero_left o · exact log_one_left o · rwa [← Ordinal.le_zero, ← lt_succ_iff, succ_zero, ← lt_opow_iff_log_lt hb ho, opow_one] #align ordinal.log_eq_zero Ordinal.log_eq_zero @[mono] theorem log_mono_right (b : Ordinal) {x y : Ordinal} (xy : x ≤ y) : log b x ≤ log b y := if hx : x = 0 then by simp only [hx, log_zero_right, Ordinal.zero_le] else if hb : 1 < b then (opow_le_iff_le_log hb (lt_of_lt_of_le (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 hx) xy).ne').1 <| (opow_log_le_self _ hx).trans xy else by simp only [log_of_not_one_lt_left hb, Ordinal.zero_le] #align ordinal.log_mono_right Ordinal.log_mono_right theorem log_le_self (b x : Ordinal) : log b x ≤ x := if hx : x = 0 then by simp only [hx, log_zero_right, Ordinal.zero_le] else if hb : 1 < b then (right_le_opow _ hb).trans (opow_log_le_self b hx) else by simp only [log_of_not_one_lt_left hb, Ordinal.zero_le] #align ordinal.log_le_self Ordinal.log_le_self @[simp] theorem log_one_right (b : Ordinal) : log b 1 = 0 := if hb : 1 < b then log_eq_zero hb else log_of_not_one_lt_left hb 1 #align ordinal.log_one_right Ordinal.log_one_right theorem mod_opow_log_lt_self (b : Ordinal) {o : Ordinal} (ho : o ≠ 0) : o % (b ^ log b o) < o := by rcases eq_or_ne b 0 with (rfl | hb) · simpa using Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 ho · exact (mod_lt _ <| opow_ne_zero _ hb).trans_le (opow_log_le_self _ ho) #align ordinal.mod_opow_log_lt_self Ordinal.mod_opow_log_lt_self theorem log_mod_opow_log_lt_log_self {b o : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (ho : o ≠ 0) (hbo : b ≤ o) : log b (o % (b ^ log b o)) < log b o := by rcases eq_or_ne (o % (b ^ log b o)) 0 with h | h · rw [h, log_zero_right] apply log_pos hb ho hbo · rw [← succ_le_iff, succ_log_def hb h] apply csInf_le' apply mod_lt rw [← Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero] exact opow_pos _ (zero_lt_one.trans hb) #align ordinal.log_mod_opow_log_lt_log_self Ordinal.log_mod_opow_log_lt_log_self theorem opow_mul_add_pos {b v : Ordinal} (hb : b ≠ 0) (u : Ordinal) (hv : v ≠ 0) (w : Ordinal) : 0 < b ^ u * v + w := (opow_pos u <| Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 hb).trans_le <| (le_mul_left _ <| Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 hv).trans <| le_add_right _ _ #align ordinal.opow_mul_add_pos Ordinal.opow_mul_add_pos theorem opow_mul_add_lt_opow_mul_succ {b u w : Ordinal} (v : Ordinal) (hw : w < b ^ u) : b ^ u * v + w < b ^ u * succ v := by rwa [mul_succ, add_lt_add_iff_left] #align ordinal.opow_mul_add_lt_opow_mul_succ Ordinal.opow_mul_add_lt_opow_mul_succ theorem opow_mul_add_lt_opow_succ {b u v w : Ordinal} (hvb : v < b) (hw : w < b ^ u) : b ^ u * v + w < b ^ succ u := by convert (opow_mul_add_lt_opow_mul_succ v hw).trans_le (mul_le_mul_left' (succ_le_of_lt hvb) _) using 1 exact opow_succ b u #align ordinal.opow_mul_add_lt_opow_succ Ordinal.opow_mul_add_lt_opow_succ theorem log_opow_mul_add {b u v w : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (hv : v ≠ 0) (hvb : v < b) (hw : w < b ^ u) : log b (b ^ u * v + w) = u := by have hne' := (opow_mul_add_pos (zero_lt_one.trans hb).ne' u hv w).ne' by_contra! hne cases' lt_or_gt_of_ne hne with h h · rw [← lt_opow_iff_log_lt hb hne'] at h exact h.not_le ((le_mul_left _ (Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 hv)).trans (le_add_right _ _)) · conv at h => change u < log b (b ^ u * v + w) rw [← succ_le_iff, ← opow_le_iff_le_log hb hne'] at h exact (not_lt_of_le h) (opow_mul_add_lt_opow_succ hvb hw) #align ordinal.log_opow_mul_add Ordinal.log_opow_mul_add theorem log_opow {b : Ordinal} (hb : 1 < b) (x : Ordinal) : log b (b ^ x) = x := by convert log_opow_mul_add hb zero_ne_one.symm hb (opow_pos x (zero_lt_one.trans hb)) using 1 rw [add_zero, mul_one] #align ordinal.log_opow Ordinal.log_opow
Mathlib/SetTheory/Ordinal/Exponential.lean
432
436
theorem div_opow_log_pos (b : Ordinal) {o : Ordinal} (ho : o ≠ 0) : 0 < o / (b ^ log b o) := by
rcases eq_zero_or_pos b with (rfl | hb) · simpa using Ordinal.pos_iff_ne_zero.2 ho · rw [div_pos (opow_ne_zero _ hb.ne')] exact opow_log_le_self b ho
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Constructions.BorelSpace.Order #align_import measure_theory.function.simple_func from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"bf6a01357ff5684b1ebcd0f1a13be314fc82c0bf" noncomputable section open Set hiding restrict restrict_apply open Filter ENNReal open Function (support) open scoped Classical open Topology NNReal ENNReal MeasureTheory namespace MeasureTheory variable {α β γ δ : Type*} structure SimpleFunc.{u, v} (α : Type u) [MeasurableSpace α] (β : Type v) where toFun : α → β measurableSet_fiber' : ∀ x, MeasurableSet (toFun ⁻¹' {x}) finite_range' : (Set.range toFun).Finite #align measure_theory.simple_func MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc #align measure_theory.simple_func.to_fun MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.toFun #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable_set_fiber' MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurableSet_fiber' #align measure_theory.simple_func.finite_range' MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.finite_range' local infixr:25 " →ₛ " => SimpleFunc namespace SimpleFunc section Measurable variable [MeasurableSpace α] attribute [coe] toFun instance instCoeFun : CoeFun (α →ₛ β) fun _ => α → β := ⟨toFun⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.has_coe_to_fun MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.instCoeFun theorem coe_injective ⦃f g : α →ₛ β⦄ (H : (f : α → β) = g) : f = g := by cases f; cases g; congr #align measure_theory.simple_func.coe_injective MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.coe_injective @[ext] theorem ext {f g : α →ₛ β} (H : ∀ a, f a = g a) : f = g := coe_injective <| funext H #align measure_theory.simple_func.ext MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.ext theorem finite_range (f : α →ₛ β) : (Set.range f).Finite := f.finite_range' #align measure_theory.simple_func.finite_range MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.finite_range theorem measurableSet_fiber (f : α →ₛ β) (x : β) : MeasurableSet (f ⁻¹' {x}) := f.measurableSet_fiber' x #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable_set_fiber MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurableSet_fiber -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this theorem apply_mk (f : α → β) (h h') (x : α) : SimpleFunc.mk f h h' x = f x := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.apply_mk MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.apply_mk def ofFinite [Finite α] [MeasurableSingletonClass α] (f : α → β) : α →ₛ β where toFun := f measurableSet_fiber' x := (toFinite (f ⁻¹' {x})).measurableSet finite_range' := Set.finite_range f @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-05")] alias ofFintype := ofFinite def ofIsEmpty [IsEmpty α] : α →ₛ β := ofFinite isEmptyElim #align measure_theory.simple_func.of_is_empty MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.ofIsEmpty protected def range (f : α →ₛ β) : Finset β := f.finite_range.toFinset #align measure_theory.simple_func.range MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.range @[simp] theorem mem_range {f : α →ₛ β} {b} : b ∈ f.range ↔ b ∈ range f := Finite.mem_toFinset _ #align measure_theory.simple_func.mem_range MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.mem_range theorem mem_range_self (f : α →ₛ β) (x : α) : f x ∈ f.range := mem_range.2 ⟨x, rfl⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.mem_range_self MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.mem_range_self @[simp] theorem coe_range (f : α →ₛ β) : (↑f.range : Set β) = Set.range f := f.finite_range.coe_toFinset #align measure_theory.simple_func.coe_range MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.coe_range theorem mem_range_of_measure_ne_zero {f : α →ₛ β} {x : β} {μ : Measure α} (H : μ (f ⁻¹' {x}) ≠ 0) : x ∈ f.range := let ⟨a, ha⟩ := nonempty_of_measure_ne_zero H mem_range.2 ⟨a, ha⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.mem_range_of_measure_ne_zero MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.mem_range_of_measure_ne_zero theorem forall_mem_range {f : α →ₛ β} {p : β → Prop} : (∀ y ∈ f.range, p y) ↔ ∀ x, p (f x) := by simp only [mem_range, Set.forall_mem_range] #align measure_theory.simple_func.forall_mem_range MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.forall_mem_range theorem exists_range_iff {f : α →ₛ β} {p : β → Prop} : (∃ y ∈ f.range, p y) ↔ ∃ x, p (f x) := by simpa only [mem_range, exists_prop] using Set.exists_range_iff #align measure_theory.simple_func.exists_range_iff MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.exists_range_iff theorem preimage_eq_empty_iff (f : α →ₛ β) (b : β) : f ⁻¹' {b} = ∅ ↔ b ∉ f.range := preimage_singleton_eq_empty.trans <| not_congr mem_range.symm #align measure_theory.simple_func.preimage_eq_empty_iff MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.preimage_eq_empty_iff theorem exists_forall_le [Nonempty β] [Preorder β] [IsDirected β (· ≤ ·)] (f : α →ₛ β) : ∃ C, ∀ x, f x ≤ C := f.range.exists_le.imp fun _ => forall_mem_range.1 #align measure_theory.simple_func.exists_forall_le MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.exists_forall_le def const (α) {β} [MeasurableSpace α] (b : β) : α →ₛ β := ⟨fun _ => b, fun _ => MeasurableSet.const _, finite_range_const⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.const MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.const instance instInhabited [Inhabited β] : Inhabited (α →ₛ β) := ⟨const _ default⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.inhabited MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.instInhabited theorem const_apply (a : α) (b : β) : (const α b) a = b := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.const_apply MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.const_apply @[simp] theorem coe_const (b : β) : ⇑(const α b) = Function.const α b := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.coe_const MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.coe_const @[simp] theorem range_const (α) [MeasurableSpace α] [Nonempty α] (b : β) : (const α b).range = {b} := Finset.coe_injective <| by simp (config := { unfoldPartialApp := true }) [Function.const] #align measure_theory.simple_func.range_const MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.range_const theorem range_const_subset (α) [MeasurableSpace α] (b : β) : (const α b).range ⊆ {b} := Finset.coe_subset.1 <| by simp #align measure_theory.simple_func.range_const_subset MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.range_const_subset theorem simpleFunc_bot {α} (f : @SimpleFunc α ⊥ β) [Nonempty β] : ∃ c, ∀ x, f x = c := by have hf_meas := @SimpleFunc.measurableSet_fiber α _ ⊥ f simp_rw [MeasurableSpace.measurableSet_bot_iff] at hf_meas exact (exists_eq_const_of_preimage_singleton hf_meas).imp fun c hc ↦ congr_fun hc #align measure_theory.simple_func.simple_func_bot MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.simpleFunc_bot theorem simpleFunc_bot' {α} [Nonempty β] (f : @SimpleFunc α ⊥ β) : ∃ c, f = @SimpleFunc.const α _ ⊥ c := letI : MeasurableSpace α := ⊥; (simpleFunc_bot f).imp fun _ ↦ ext #align measure_theory.simple_func.simple_func_bot' MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.simpleFunc_bot' theorem measurableSet_cut (r : α → β → Prop) (f : α →ₛ β) (h : ∀ b, MeasurableSet { a | r a b }) : MeasurableSet { a | r a (f a) } := by have : { a | r a (f a) } = ⋃ b ∈ range f, { a | r a b } ∩ f ⁻¹' {b} := by ext a suffices r a (f a) ↔ ∃ i, r a (f i) ∧ f a = f i by simpa exact ⟨fun h => ⟨a, ⟨h, rfl⟩⟩, fun ⟨a', ⟨h', e⟩⟩ => e.symm ▸ h'⟩ rw [this] exact MeasurableSet.biUnion f.finite_range.countable fun b _ => MeasurableSet.inter (h b) (f.measurableSet_fiber _) #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable_set_cut MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurableSet_cut @[measurability] theorem measurableSet_preimage (f : α →ₛ β) (s) : MeasurableSet (f ⁻¹' s) := measurableSet_cut (fun _ b => b ∈ s) f fun b => MeasurableSet.const (b ∈ s) #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable_set_preimage MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurableSet_preimage @[measurability] protected theorem measurable [MeasurableSpace β] (f : α →ₛ β) : Measurable f := fun s _ => measurableSet_preimage f s #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurable @[measurability] protected theorem aemeasurable [MeasurableSpace β] {μ : Measure α} (f : α →ₛ β) : AEMeasurable f μ := f.measurable.aemeasurable #align measure_theory.simple_func.ae_measurable MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.aemeasurable protected theorem sum_measure_preimage_singleton (f : α →ₛ β) {μ : Measure α} (s : Finset β) : (∑ y ∈ s, μ (f ⁻¹' {y})) = μ (f ⁻¹' ↑s) := sum_measure_preimage_singleton _ fun _ _ => f.measurableSet_fiber _ #align measure_theory.simple_func.sum_measure_preimage_singleton MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.sum_measure_preimage_singleton theorem sum_range_measure_preimage_singleton (f : α →ₛ β) (μ : Measure α) : (∑ y ∈ f.range, μ (f ⁻¹' {y})) = μ univ := by rw [f.sum_measure_preimage_singleton, coe_range, preimage_range] #align measure_theory.simple_func.sum_range_measure_preimage_singleton MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.sum_range_measure_preimage_singleton def piecewise (s : Set α) (hs : MeasurableSet s) (f g : α →ₛ β) : α →ₛ β := ⟨s.piecewise f g, fun _ => letI : MeasurableSpace β := ⊤ f.measurable.piecewise hs g.measurable trivial, (f.finite_range.union g.finite_range).subset range_ite_subset⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.piecewise MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.piecewise @[simp] theorem coe_piecewise {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (f g : α →ₛ β) : ⇑(piecewise s hs f g) = s.piecewise f g := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.coe_piecewise MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.coe_piecewise theorem piecewise_apply {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (f g : α →ₛ β) (a) : piecewise s hs f g a = if a ∈ s then f a else g a := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.piecewise_apply MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.piecewise_apply @[simp] theorem piecewise_compl {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet sᶜ) (f g : α →ₛ β) : piecewise sᶜ hs f g = piecewise s hs.of_compl g f := coe_injective <| by set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in simp [hs]; convert Set.piecewise_compl s f g #align measure_theory.simple_func.piecewise_compl MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.piecewise_compl @[simp] theorem piecewise_univ (f g : α →ₛ β) : piecewise univ MeasurableSet.univ f g = f := coe_injective <| by set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in simp; convert Set.piecewise_univ f g #align measure_theory.simple_func.piecewise_univ MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.piecewise_univ @[simp] theorem piecewise_empty (f g : α →ₛ β) : piecewise ∅ MeasurableSet.empty f g = g := coe_injective <| by set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in simp; convert Set.piecewise_empty f g #align measure_theory.simple_func.piecewise_empty MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.piecewise_empty @[simp] theorem piecewise_same (f : α →ₛ β) {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet s) : piecewise s hs f f = f := coe_injective <| Set.piecewise_same _ _ theorem support_indicator [Zero β] {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (f : α →ₛ β) : Function.support (f.piecewise s hs (SimpleFunc.const α 0)) = s ∩ Function.support f := Set.support_indicator #align measure_theory.simple_func.support_indicator MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.support_indicator theorem range_indicator {s : Set α} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (hs_nonempty : s.Nonempty) (hs_ne_univ : s ≠ univ) (x y : β) : (piecewise s hs (const α x) (const α y)).range = {x, y} := by simp only [← Finset.coe_inj, coe_range, coe_piecewise, range_piecewise, coe_const, Finset.coe_insert, Finset.coe_singleton, hs_nonempty.image_const, (nonempty_compl.2 hs_ne_univ).image_const, singleton_union, Function.const] #align measure_theory.simple_func.range_indicator MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.range_indicator theorem measurable_bind [MeasurableSpace γ] (f : α →ₛ β) (g : β → α → γ) (hg : ∀ b, Measurable (g b)) : Measurable fun a => g (f a) a := fun s hs => f.measurableSet_cut (fun a b => g b a ∈ s) fun b => hg b hs #align measure_theory.simple_func.measurable_bind MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.measurable_bind def bind (f : α →ₛ β) (g : β → α →ₛ γ) : α →ₛ γ := ⟨fun a => g (f a) a, fun c => f.measurableSet_cut (fun a b => g b a = c) fun b => (g b).measurableSet_preimage {c}, (f.finite_range.biUnion fun b _ => (g b).finite_range).subset <| by rintro _ ⟨a, rfl⟩; simp⟩ #align measure_theory.simple_func.bind MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.bind @[simp] theorem bind_apply (f : α →ₛ β) (g : β → α →ₛ γ) (a) : f.bind g a = g (f a) a := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.bind_apply MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.bind_apply def map (g : β → γ) (f : α →ₛ β) : α →ₛ γ := bind f (const α ∘ g) #align measure_theory.simple_func.map MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.map theorem map_apply (g : β → γ) (f : α →ₛ β) (a) : f.map g a = g (f a) := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.map_apply MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.map_apply theorem map_map (g : β → γ) (h : γ → δ) (f : α →ₛ β) : (f.map g).map h = f.map (h ∘ g) := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.map_map MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.map_map @[simp] theorem coe_map (g : β → γ) (f : α →ₛ β) : (f.map g : α → γ) = g ∘ f := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.coe_map MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.coe_map @[simp] theorem range_map [DecidableEq γ] (g : β → γ) (f : α →ₛ β) : (f.map g).range = f.range.image g := Finset.coe_injective <| by simp only [coe_range, coe_map, Finset.coe_image, range_comp] #align measure_theory.simple_func.range_map MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.range_map @[simp] theorem map_const (g : β → γ) (b : β) : (const α b).map g = const α (g b) := rfl #align measure_theory.simple_func.map_const MeasureTheory.SimpleFunc.map_const
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Function/SimpleFunc.lean
326
330
theorem map_preimage (f : α →ₛ β) (g : β → γ) (s : Set γ) : f.map g ⁻¹' s = f ⁻¹' ↑(f.range.filter fun b => g b ∈ s) := by
simp only [coe_range, sep_mem_eq, coe_map, Finset.coe_filter, ← mem_preimage, inter_comm, preimage_inter_range, ← Finset.mem_coe] exact preimage_comp
import Mathlib.Algebra.ContinuedFractions.Computation.Translations import Mathlib.Algebra.ContinuedFractions.TerminatedStable import Mathlib.Algebra.ContinuedFractions.ContinuantsRecurrence import Mathlib.Order.Filter.AtTopBot import Mathlib.Tactic.FieldSimp import Mathlib.Tactic.Ring #align_import algebra.continued_fractions.computation.correctness_terminating from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d6814c584384ddf2825ff038e868451a7c956f31" namespace GeneralizedContinuedFraction open GeneralizedContinuedFraction (of) variable {K : Type*} [LinearOrderedField K] {v : K} {n : ℕ} protected def compExactValue (pconts conts : Pair K) (fr : K) : K := -- if the fractional part is zero, we exactly approximated the value by the last continuants if fr = 0 then conts.a / conts.b else -- otherwise, we have to include the fractional part in a final continuants step. let exact_conts := nextContinuants 1 fr⁻¹ pconts conts exact_conts.a / exact_conts.b #align generalized_continued_fraction.comp_exact_value GeneralizedContinuedFraction.compExactValue variable [FloorRing K] protected theorem compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp {a : K} (b c : K) (fract_a_ne_zero : Int.fract a ≠ 0) : ((⌊a⌋ : K) * b + c) / Int.fract a + b = (b * a + c) / Int.fract a := by field_simp [fract_a_ne_zero] rw [Int.fract] ring #align generalized_continued_fraction.comp_exact_value_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp GeneralizedContinuedFraction.compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp open GeneralizedContinuedFraction (compExactValue compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp)
Mathlib/Algebra/ContinuedFractions/Computation/CorrectnessTerminating.lean
104
212
theorem compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some : ∀ {ifp_n : IntFractPair K}, IntFractPair.stream v n = some ifp_n → v = compExactValue ((of v).continuantsAux n) ((of v).continuantsAux <| n + 1) ifp_n.fr := by
let g := of v induction' n with n IH · intro ifp_zero stream_zero_eq -- Nat.zero have : IntFractPair.of v = ifp_zero := by have : IntFractPair.stream v 0 = some (IntFractPair.of v) := rfl simpa only [Nat.zero_eq, this, Option.some.injEq] using stream_zero_eq cases this cases' Decidable.em (Int.fract v = 0) with fract_eq_zero fract_ne_zero -- Int.fract v = 0; we must then have `v = ⌊v⌋` · suffices v = ⌊v⌋ by -- Porting note: was `simpa [continuantsAux, fract_eq_zero, compExactValue]` field_simp [nextContinuants, nextNumerator, nextDenominator, compExactValue] have : (IntFractPair.of v).fr = Int.fract v := rfl rwa [this, if_pos fract_eq_zero] calc v = Int.fract v + ⌊v⌋ := by rw [Int.fract_add_floor] _ = ⌊v⌋ := by simp [fract_eq_zero] -- Int.fract v ≠ 0; the claim then easily follows by unfolding a single computation step · field_simp [continuantsAux, nextContinuants, nextNumerator, nextDenominator, of_h_eq_floor, compExactValue] -- Porting note: this and the if_neg rewrite are needed have : (IntFractPair.of v).fr = Int.fract v := rfl rw [this, if_neg fract_ne_zero, Int.floor_add_fract] · intro ifp_succ_n succ_nth_stream_eq -- Nat.succ obtain ⟨ifp_n, nth_stream_eq, nth_fract_ne_zero, -⟩ : ∃ ifp_n, IntFractPair.stream v n = some ifp_n ∧ ifp_n.fr ≠ 0 ∧ IntFractPair.of ifp_n.fr⁻¹ = ifp_succ_n := IntFractPair.succ_nth_stream_eq_some_iff.1 succ_nth_stream_eq -- introduce some notation let conts := g.continuantsAux (n + 2) set pconts := g.continuantsAux (n + 1) with pconts_eq set ppconts := g.continuantsAux n with ppconts_eq cases' Decidable.em (ifp_succ_n.fr = 0) with ifp_succ_n_fr_eq_zero ifp_succ_n_fr_ne_zero -- ifp_succ_n.fr = 0 · suffices v = conts.a / conts.b by simpa [compExactValue, ifp_succ_n_fr_eq_zero] -- use the IH and the fact that ifp_n.fr⁻¹ = ⌊ifp_n.fr⁻¹⌋ to prove this case obtain ⟨ifp_n', nth_stream_eq', ifp_n_fract_inv_eq_floor⟩ : ∃ ifp_n, IntFractPair.stream v n = some ifp_n ∧ ifp_n.fr⁻¹ = ⌊ifp_n.fr⁻¹⌋ := IntFractPair.exists_succ_nth_stream_of_fr_zero succ_nth_stream_eq ifp_succ_n_fr_eq_zero have : ifp_n' = ifp_n := by injection Eq.trans nth_stream_eq'.symm nth_stream_eq cases this have s_nth_eq : g.s.get? n = some ⟨1, ⌊ifp_n.fr⁻¹⌋⟩ := get?_of_eq_some_of_get?_intFractPair_stream_fr_ne_zero nth_stream_eq nth_fract_ne_zero rw [← ifp_n_fract_inv_eq_floor] at s_nth_eq suffices v = compExactValue ppconts pconts ifp_n.fr by simpa [conts, continuantsAux, s_nth_eq, compExactValue, nth_fract_ne_zero] using this exact IH nth_stream_eq -- ifp_succ_n.fr ≠ 0 · -- use the IH to show that the following equality suffices suffices compExactValue ppconts pconts ifp_n.fr = compExactValue pconts conts ifp_succ_n.fr by have : v = compExactValue ppconts pconts ifp_n.fr := IH nth_stream_eq conv_lhs => rw [this] assumption -- get the correspondence between ifp_n and ifp_succ_n obtain ⟨ifp_n', nth_stream_eq', ifp_n_fract_ne_zero, ⟨refl⟩⟩ : ∃ ifp_n, IntFractPair.stream v n = some ifp_n ∧ ifp_n.fr ≠ 0 ∧ IntFractPair.of ifp_n.fr⁻¹ = ifp_succ_n := IntFractPair.succ_nth_stream_eq_some_iff.1 succ_nth_stream_eq have : ifp_n' = ifp_n := by injection Eq.trans nth_stream_eq'.symm nth_stream_eq cases this -- get the correspondence between ifp_n and g.s.nth n have s_nth_eq : g.s.get? n = some ⟨1, (⌊ifp_n.fr⁻¹⌋ : K)⟩ := get?_of_eq_some_of_get?_intFractPair_stream_fr_ne_zero nth_stream_eq ifp_n_fract_ne_zero -- the claim now follows by unfolding the definitions and tedious calculations -- some shorthand notation let ppA := ppconts.a let ppB := ppconts.b let pA := pconts.a let pB := pconts.b have : compExactValue ppconts pconts ifp_n.fr = (ppA + ifp_n.fr⁻¹ * pA) / (ppB + ifp_n.fr⁻¹ * pB) := by -- unfold compExactValue and the convergent computation once field_simp [ifp_n_fract_ne_zero, compExactValue, nextContinuants, nextNumerator, nextDenominator, ppA, ppB] ac_rfl rw [this] -- two calculations needed to show the claim have tmp_calc := compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp pA ppA ifp_succ_n_fr_ne_zero have tmp_calc' := compExactValue_correctness_of_stream_eq_some_aux_comp pB ppB ifp_succ_n_fr_ne_zero let f := Int.fract (1 / ifp_n.fr) have f_ne_zero : f ≠ 0 := by simpa [f] using ifp_succ_n_fr_ne_zero rw [inv_eq_one_div] at tmp_calc tmp_calc' -- Porting note: the `tmp_calc`s need to be massaged, and some processing after `ac_rfl` done, -- because `field_simp` is not as powerful have hA : (↑⌊1 / ifp_n.fr⌋ * pA + ppA) + pA * f = pA * (1 / ifp_n.fr) + ppA := by have := congrFun (congrArg HMul.hMul tmp_calc) f rwa [right_distrib, div_mul_cancel₀ (h := f_ne_zero), div_mul_cancel₀ (h := f_ne_zero)] at this have hB : (↑⌊1 / ifp_n.fr⌋ * pB + ppB) + pB * f = pB * (1 / ifp_n.fr) + ppB := by have := congrFun (congrArg HMul.hMul tmp_calc') f rwa [right_distrib, div_mul_cancel₀ (h := f_ne_zero), div_mul_cancel₀ (h := f_ne_zero)] at this -- now unfold the recurrence one step and simplify both sides to arrive at the conclusion dsimp only [conts, pconts, ppconts] field_simp [compExactValue, continuantsAux_recurrence s_nth_eq ppconts_eq pconts_eq, nextContinuants, nextNumerator, nextDenominator] have hfr : (IntFractPair.of (1 / ifp_n.fr)).fr = f := rfl rw [one_div, if_neg _, ← one_div, hfr] · field_simp [hA, hB] ac_rfl · rwa [inv_eq_one_div, hfr]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Degree.CardPowDegree import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.Real import Mathlib.NumberTheory.ClassNumber.AdmissibleAbsoluteValue import Mathlib.RingTheory.Ideal.LocalRing #align_import number_theory.class_number.admissible_card_pow_degree from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"0b9eaaa7686280fad8cce467f5c3c57ee6ce77f8" namespace Polynomial open Polynomial open AbsoluteValue Real variable {Fq : Type*} [Fintype Fq]
Mathlib/NumberTheory/ClassNumber/AdmissibleCardPowDegree.lean
36
57
theorem exists_eq_polynomial [Semiring Fq] {d : ℕ} {m : ℕ} (hm : Fintype.card Fq ^ d ≤ m) (b : Fq[X]) (hb : natDegree b ≤ d) (A : Fin m.succ → Fq[X]) (hA : ∀ i, degree (A i) < degree b) : ∃ i₀ i₁, i₀ ≠ i₁ ∧ A i₁ = A i₀ := by
-- Since there are > q^d elements of A, and only q^d choices for the highest `d` coefficients, -- there must be two elements of A with the same coefficients at -- `0`, ... `degree b - 1` ≤ `d - 1`. -- In other words, the following map is not injective: set f : Fin m.succ → Fin d → Fq := fun i j => (A i).coeff j have : Fintype.card (Fin d → Fq) < Fintype.card (Fin m.succ) := by simpa using lt_of_le_of_lt hm (Nat.lt_succ_self m) -- Therefore, the differences have all coefficients higher than `deg b - d` equal. obtain ⟨i₀, i₁, i_ne, i_eq⟩ := Fintype.exists_ne_map_eq_of_card_lt f this use i₀, i₁, i_ne ext j -- The coefficients higher than `deg b` are the same because they are equal to 0. by_cases hbj : degree b ≤ j · rw [coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt (lt_of_lt_of_le (hA _) hbj), coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt (lt_of_lt_of_le (hA _) hbj)] -- So we only need to look for the coefficients between `0` and `deg b`. rw [not_le] at hbj apply congr_fun i_eq.symm ⟨j, _⟩ exact lt_of_lt_of_le (coe_lt_degree.mp hbj) hb
import Mathlib.Topology.Category.TopCat.Limits.Pullbacks import Mathlib.Geometry.RingedSpace.LocallyRingedSpace #align_import algebraic_geometry.open_immersion.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"533f62f4dd62a5aad24a04326e6e787c8f7e98b1" -- Porting note: due to `PresheafedSpace`, `SheafedSpace` and `LocallyRingedSpace` set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false open TopologicalSpace CategoryTheory Opposite open CategoryTheory.Limits namespace AlgebraicGeometry universe v v₁ v₂ u variable {C : Type u} [Category.{v} C] class PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion {X Y : PresheafedSpace C} (f : X ⟶ Y) : Prop where base_open : OpenEmbedding f.base c_iso : ∀ U : Opens X, IsIso (f.c.app (op (base_open.isOpenMap.functor.obj U))) #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion abbrev SheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion {X Y : SheafedSpace C} (f : X ⟶ Y) : Prop := PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion f #align algebraic_geometry.SheafedSpace.is_open_immersion AlgebraicGeometry.SheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion abbrev LocallyRingedSpace.IsOpenImmersion {X Y : LocallyRingedSpace} (f : X ⟶ Y) : Prop := SheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion f.1 #align algebraic_geometry.LocallyRingedSpace.is_open_immersion AlgebraicGeometry.LocallyRingedSpace.IsOpenImmersion namespace PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion open PresheafedSpace local notation "IsOpenImmersion" => PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion attribute [instance] IsOpenImmersion.c_iso section variable {X Y : PresheafedSpace C} {f : X ⟶ Y} (H : IsOpenImmersion f) abbrev openFunctor := H.base_open.isOpenMap.functor #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.open_functor AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.openFunctor @[simps! hom_c_app] noncomputable def isoRestrict : X ≅ Y.restrict H.base_open := PresheafedSpace.isoOfComponents (Iso.refl _) <| by symm fapply NatIso.ofComponents · intro U refine asIso (f.c.app (op (H.openFunctor.obj (unop U)))) ≪≫ X.presheaf.mapIso (eqToIso ?_) induction U using Opposite.rec' with | h U => ?_ cases U dsimp only [IsOpenMap.functor, Functor.op, Opens.map] congr 2 erw [Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj] rfl · intro U V i simp only [CategoryTheory.eqToIso.hom, TopCat.Presheaf.pushforwardObj_map, Category.assoc, Functor.op_map, Iso.trans_hom, asIso_hom, Functor.mapIso_hom, ← X.presheaf.map_comp] erw [f.c.naturality_assoc, ← X.presheaf.map_comp] congr 1 #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.iso_restrict AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.isoRestrict @[simp] theorem isoRestrict_hom_ofRestrict : H.isoRestrict.hom ≫ Y.ofRestrict _ = f := by -- Porting note: `ext` did not pick up `NatTrans.ext` refine PresheafedSpace.Hom.ext _ _ rfl <| NatTrans.ext _ _ <| funext fun x => ?_ simp only [isoRestrict_hom_c_app, NatTrans.comp_app, eqToHom_refl, ofRestrict_c_app, Category.assoc, whiskerRight_id'] erw [Category.comp_id, comp_c_app, f.c.naturality_assoc, ← X.presheaf.map_comp] trans f.c.app x ≫ X.presheaf.map (𝟙 _) · congr 1 · erw [X.presheaf.map_id, Category.comp_id] #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.iso_restrict_hom_of_restrict AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.isoRestrict_hom_ofRestrict @[simp] theorem isoRestrict_inv_ofRestrict : H.isoRestrict.inv ≫ f = Y.ofRestrict _ := by rw [Iso.inv_comp_eq, isoRestrict_hom_ofRestrict] #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.iso_restrict_inv_of_restrict AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.isoRestrict_inv_ofRestrict instance mono [H : IsOpenImmersion f] : Mono f := by rw [← H.isoRestrict_hom_ofRestrict]; apply mono_comp #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.mono AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.mono instance comp {Z : PresheafedSpace C} (f : X ⟶ Y) [hf : IsOpenImmersion f] (g : Y ⟶ Z) [hg : IsOpenImmersion g] : IsOpenImmersion (f ≫ g) where base_open := hg.base_open.comp hf.base_open c_iso U := by generalize_proofs h dsimp only [AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.comp_c_app, unop_op, Functor.op, comp_base, TopCat.Presheaf.pushforwardObj_obj, Opens.map_comp_obj] -- Porting note: was `apply (config := { instances := False }) ...` -- See https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/issues/2273 have : IsIso (g.c.app (op <| (h.functor).obj U)) := by have : h.functor.obj U = hg.openFunctor.obj (hf.openFunctor.obj U) := by ext1 dsimp only [IsOpenMap.functor_obj_coe] -- Porting note: slightly more hand holding here: `g ∘ f` and `fun x => g (f x)` erw [comp_base, coe_comp, show g.base ∘ f.base = fun x => g.base (f.base x) from rfl, ← Set.image_image] -- now `erw` after #13170 rw [this] infer_instance have : IsIso (f.c.app (op <| (Opens.map g.base).obj ((IsOpenMap.functor h).obj U))) := by have : (Opens.map g.base).obj (h.functor.obj U) = hf.openFunctor.obj U := by ext1 dsimp only [Opens.map_coe, IsOpenMap.functor_obj_coe, comp_base] -- Porting note: slightly more hand holding here: `g ∘ f` and `fun x => g (f x)` erw [coe_comp, show g.base ∘ f.base = fun x => g.base (f.base x) from rfl, ← Set.image_image g.base f.base, Set.preimage_image_eq _ hg.base_open.inj] -- now `erw` after #13170 rw [this] infer_instance apply IsIso.comp_isIso #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.comp AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.comp noncomputable def invApp (U : Opens X) : X.presheaf.obj (op U) ⟶ Y.presheaf.obj (op (H.openFunctor.obj U)) := X.presheaf.map (eqToHom (by -- Porting note: was just `simp [opens.map, Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj]` -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5026 -- I think this is because `Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj` can't see through a -- structure congr; ext dsimp [openFunctor, IsOpenMap.functor] rw [Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj])) ≫ inv (f.c.app (op (H.openFunctor.obj U))) #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.inv_app AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.invApp @[simp, reassoc] theorem inv_naturality {U V : (Opens X)ᵒᵖ} (i : U ⟶ V) : X.presheaf.map i ≫ H.invApp (unop V) = H.invApp (unop U) ≫ Y.presheaf.map (H.openFunctor.op.map i) := by simp only [invApp, ← Category.assoc] rw [IsIso.comp_inv_eq] -- Porting note: `simp` can't pick up `f.c.naturality` -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5026 simp only [Category.assoc, ← X.presheaf.map_comp] erw [f.c.naturality] simp only [IsIso.inv_hom_id_assoc, ← X.presheaf.map_comp] erw [← X.presheaf.map_comp] congr 1 #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.inv_naturality AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.inv_naturality instance (U : Opens X) : IsIso (H.invApp U) := by delta invApp; infer_instance theorem inv_invApp (U : Opens X) : inv (H.invApp U) = f.c.app (op (H.openFunctor.obj U)) ≫ X.presheaf.map (eqToHom (by -- Porting note: was just `simp [opens.map, Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj]` -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5026 -- I think this is because `Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj` can't see through a -- structure apply congr_arg (op ·); ext dsimp [openFunctor, IsOpenMap.functor] rw [Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj])) := by rw [← cancel_epi (H.invApp U), IsIso.hom_inv_id] delta invApp simp [← Functor.map_comp] #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.inv_inv_app AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.inv_invApp @[simp, reassoc, elementwise] theorem invApp_app (U : Opens X) : H.invApp U ≫ f.c.app (op (H.openFunctor.obj U)) = X.presheaf.map (eqToHom (by -- Porting note: was just `simp [opens.map, Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj]` -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5026 -- I think this is because `Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj` can't see through a -- structure apply congr_arg (op ·); ext dsimp [openFunctor, IsOpenMap.functor] rw [Set.preimage_image_eq _ H.base_open.inj])) := by rw [invApp, Category.assoc, IsIso.inv_hom_id, Category.comp_id] #align algebraic_geometry.PresheafedSpace.is_open_immersion.inv_app_app AlgebraicGeometry.PresheafedSpace.IsOpenImmersion.invApp_app @[simp, reassoc]
Mathlib/Geometry/RingedSpace/OpenImmersion.lean
247
252
theorem app_invApp (U : Opens Y) : f.c.app (op U) ≫ H.invApp ((Opens.map f.base).obj U) = Y.presheaf.map ((homOfLE (Set.image_preimage_subset f.base U.1)).op : op U ⟶ op (H.openFunctor.obj ((Opens.map f.base).obj U))) := by
erw [← Category.assoc]; rw [IsIso.comp_inv_eq, f.c.naturality]; congr
import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Choose.Dvd import Mathlib.RingTheory.IntegrallyClosed import Mathlib.RingTheory.Norm import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Cyclotomic.Expand #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.eisenstein.is_integral from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"5bfbcca0a7ffdd21cf1682e59106d6c942434a32" universe u v w z variable {R : Type u} open Ideal Algebra Finset open scoped Polynomial section IsIntegral variable {K : Type v} {L : Type z} {p : R} [CommRing R] [Field K] [Field L] variable [Algebra K L] [Algebra R L] [Algebra R K] [IsScalarTower R K L] [IsSeparable K L] variable [IsDomain R] [IsFractionRing R K] [IsIntegrallyClosed R] local notation "𝓟" => Submodule.span R {(p : R)} open IsIntegrallyClosed PowerBasis Nat Polynomial IsScalarTower theorem dvd_coeff_zero_of_aeval_eq_prime_smul_of_minpoly_isEisensteinAt {B : PowerBasis K L} (hp : Prime p) (hBint : IsIntegral R B.gen) {z : L} {Q : R[X]} (hQ : aeval B.gen Q = p • z) (hzint : IsIntegral R z) (hei : (minpoly R B.gen).IsEisensteinAt 𝓟) : p ∣ Q.coeff 0 := by -- First define some abbreviations. letI := B.finite let P := minpoly R B.gen obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ := Nat.exists_eq_succ_of_ne_zero B.dim_pos.ne' have finrank_K_L : FiniteDimensional.finrank K L = B.dim := B.finrank have deg_K_P : (minpoly K B.gen).natDegree = B.dim := B.natDegree_minpoly have deg_R_P : P.natDegree = B.dim := by rw [← deg_K_P, minpoly.isIntegrallyClosed_eq_field_fractions' K hBint, (minpoly.monic hBint).natDegree_map (algebraMap R K)] choose! f hf using hei.isWeaklyEisensteinAt.exists_mem_adjoin_mul_eq_pow_natDegree_le (minpoly.aeval R B.gen) (minpoly.monic hBint) simp only [(minpoly.monic hBint).natDegree_map, deg_R_P] at hf -- The Eisenstein condition shows that `p` divides `Q.coeff 0` -- if `p^n.succ` divides the following multiple of `Q.coeff 0^n.succ`: suffices p ^ n.succ ∣ Q.coeff 0 ^ n.succ * ((-1) ^ (n.succ * n) * (minpoly R B.gen).coeff 0 ^ n) by have hndiv : ¬p ^ 2 ∣ (minpoly R B.gen).coeff 0 := fun h => hei.not_mem ((span_singleton_pow p 2).symm ▸ Ideal.mem_span_singleton.2 h) refine @Prime.dvd_of_pow_dvd_pow_mul_pow_of_square_not_dvd R _ _ _ _ n hp (?_ : _ ∣ _) hndiv convert (IsUnit.dvd_mul_right ⟨(-1) ^ (n.succ * n), rfl⟩).mpr this using 1 push_cast ring_nf rw [mul_comm _ 2, pow_mul, neg_one_sq, one_pow, mul_one] -- We claim the quotient of `Q^n * _` by `p^n` is the following `r`: have aux : ∀ i ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, B.dim ≤ i + n := by intro i hi simp only [mem_range, mem_erase] at hi rw [hn] exact le_add_pred_of_pos _ hi.1 have hintsum : IsIntegral R (z * B.gen ^ n - ∑ x ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, Q.coeff x • f (x + n)) := by refine (hzint.mul (hBint.pow _)).sub (.sum _ fun i hi => .smul _ ?_) exact adjoin_le_integralClosure hBint (hf _ (aux i hi)).1 obtain ⟨r, hr⟩ := isIntegral_iff.1 (isIntegral_norm K hintsum) use r -- Do the computation in `K` so we can work in terms of `z` instead of `r`. apply IsFractionRing.injective R K simp only [_root_.map_mul, _root_.map_pow, _root_.map_neg, _root_.map_one] -- Both sides are actually norms: calc _ = norm K (Q.coeff 0 • B.gen ^ n) := ?_ _ = norm K (p • (z * B.gen ^ n) - ∑ x ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, p • Q.coeff x • f (x + n)) := (congr_arg (norm K) (eq_sub_of_add_eq ?_)) _ = _ := ?_ · simp only [Algebra.smul_def, algebraMap_apply R K L, Algebra.norm_algebraMap, _root_.map_mul, _root_.map_pow, finrank_K_L, PowerBasis.norm_gen_eq_coeff_zero_minpoly, minpoly.isIntegrallyClosed_eq_field_fractions' K hBint, coeff_map, ← hn] ring swap · simp_rw [← smul_sum, ← smul_sub, Algebra.smul_def p, algebraMap_apply R K L, _root_.map_mul, Algebra.norm_algebraMap, finrank_K_L, hr, ← hn] calc _ = (Q.coeff 0 • ↑1 + ∑ x ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, Q.coeff x • B.gen ^ x) * B.gen ^ n := ?_ _ = (Q.coeff 0 • B.gen ^ 0 + ∑ x ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, Q.coeff x • B.gen ^ x) * B.gen ^ n := by rw [_root_.pow_zero] _ = aeval B.gen Q * B.gen ^ n := ?_ _ = _ := by rw [hQ, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc] · have : ∀ i ∈ (range (Q.natDegree + 1)).erase 0, Q.coeff i • (B.gen ^ i * B.gen ^ n) = p • Q.coeff i • f (i + n) := by intro i hi rw [← pow_add, ← (hf _ (aux i hi)).2, ← Algebra.smul_def, smul_smul, mul_comm _ p, smul_smul] simp only [add_mul, smul_mul_assoc, one_mul, sum_mul, sum_congr rfl this] · rw [aeval_eq_sum_range, Finset.add_sum_erase (range (Q.natDegree + 1)) fun i => Q.coeff i • B.gen ^ i] simp #align dvd_coeff_zero_of_aeval_eq_prime_smul_of_minpoly_is_eiseinstein_at dvd_coeff_zero_of_aeval_eq_prime_smul_of_minpoly_isEisensteinAt
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Eisenstein/IsIntegral.lean
215
230
theorem mem_adjoin_of_dvd_coeff_of_dvd_aeval {A B : Type*} [CommSemiring A] [CommRing B] [Algebra A B] [NoZeroSMulDivisors A B] {Q : A[X]} {p : A} {x z : B} (hp : p ≠ 0) (hQ : ∀ i ∈ range (Q.natDegree + 1), p ∣ Q.coeff i) (hz : aeval x Q = p • z) : z ∈ adjoin A ({x} : Set B) := by
choose! f hf using hQ rw [aeval_eq_sum_range, sum_range] at hz conv_lhs at hz => congr next => skip ext i rw [hf i (mem_range.2 (Fin.is_lt i)), ← smul_smul] rw [← smul_sum] at hz rw [← smul_right_injective _ hp hz] exact Subalgebra.sum_mem _ fun _ _ => Subalgebra.smul_mem _ (Subalgebra.pow_mem _ (subset_adjoin (Set.mem_singleton _)) _) _
import Mathlib.Probability.Kernel.MeasurableIntegral #align_import probability.kernel.composition from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3b92d54a05ee592aa2c6181a4e76b1bb7cc45d0b" open MeasureTheory open scoped ENNReal namespace ProbabilityTheory namespace kernel variable {α β ι : Type*} {mα : MeasurableSpace α} {mβ : MeasurableSpace β} section CompositionProduct variable {γ : Type*} {mγ : MeasurableSpace γ} {s : Set (β × γ)} noncomputable def compProdFun (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) (a : α) (s : Set (β × γ)) : ℝ≥0∞ := ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun theorem compProdFun_empty (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) (a : α) : compProdFun κ η a ∅ = 0 := by simp only [compProdFun, Set.mem_empty_iff_false, Set.setOf_false, measure_empty, MeasureTheory.lintegral_const, zero_mul] #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun_empty ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun_empty theorem compProdFun_iUnion (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (f : ℕ → Set (β × γ)) (hf_meas : ∀ i, MeasurableSet (f i)) (hf_disj : Pairwise (Disjoint on f)) : compProdFun κ η a (⋃ i, f i) = ∑' i, compProdFun κ η a (f i) := by have h_Union : (fun b => η (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ ⋃ i, f i}) = fun b => η (a, b) (⋃ i, {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ f i}) := by ext1 b congr with c simp only [Set.mem_iUnion, Set.iSup_eq_iUnion, Set.mem_setOf_eq] rw [compProdFun, h_Union] have h_tsum : (fun b => η (a, b) (⋃ i, {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ f i})) = fun b => ∑' i, η (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ f i} := by ext1 b rw [measure_iUnion] · intro i j hij s hsi hsj c hcs have hbci : {(b, c)} ⊆ f i := by rw [Set.singleton_subset_iff]; exact hsi hcs have hbcj : {(b, c)} ⊆ f j := by rw [Set.singleton_subset_iff]; exact hsj hcs simpa only [Set.bot_eq_empty, Set.le_eq_subset, Set.singleton_subset_iff, Set.mem_empty_iff_false] using hf_disj hij hbci hbcj · -- Porting note: behavior of `@` changed relative to lean 3, was -- exact fun i => (@measurable_prod_mk_left β γ _ _ b) _ (hf_meas i) exact fun i => (@measurable_prod_mk_left β γ _ _ b) (hf_meas i) rw [h_tsum, lintegral_tsum] · rfl · intro i have hm : MeasurableSet {p : (α × β) × γ | (p.1.2, p.2) ∈ f i} := measurable_fst.snd.prod_mk measurable_snd (hf_meas i) exact ((measurable_kernel_prod_mk_left hm).comp measurable_prod_mk_left).aemeasurable #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun_Union ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun_iUnion theorem compProdFun_tsum_right (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (hs : MeasurableSet s) : compProdFun κ η a s = ∑' n, compProdFun κ (seq η n) a s := by simp_rw [compProdFun, (measure_sum_seq η _).symm] have : ∫⁻ b, Measure.sum (fun n => seq η n (a, b)) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a = ∫⁻ b, ∑' n, seq η n (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a := by congr ext1 b rw [Measure.sum_apply] exact measurable_prod_mk_left hs rw [this, lintegral_tsum] exact fun n => ((measurable_kernel_prod_mk_left (κ := (seq η n)) ((measurable_fst.snd.prod_mk measurable_snd) hs)).comp measurable_prod_mk_left).aemeasurable #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun_tsum_right ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun_tsum_right theorem compProdFun_tsum_left (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (a : α) (s : Set (β × γ)) : compProdFun κ η a s = ∑' n, compProdFun (seq κ n) η a s := by simp_rw [compProdFun, (measure_sum_seq κ _).symm, lintegral_sum_measure] #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun_tsum_left ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun_tsum_left theorem compProdFun_eq_tsum (κ : kernel α β) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (hs : MeasurableSet s) : compProdFun κ η a s = ∑' (n) (m), compProdFun (seq κ n) (seq η m) a s := by simp_rw [compProdFun_tsum_left κ η a s, compProdFun_tsum_right _ η a hs] #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_fun_eq_tsum ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProdFun_eq_tsum theorem measurable_compProdFun_of_finite (κ : kernel α β) [IsFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsFiniteKernel η] (hs : MeasurableSet s) : Measurable fun a => compProdFun κ η a s := by simp only [compProdFun] have h_meas : Measurable (Function.uncurry fun a b => η (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s}) := by have : (Function.uncurry fun a b => η (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s}) = fun p => η p {c : γ | (p.2, c) ∈ s} := by ext1 p rw [Function.uncurry_apply_pair] rw [this] exact measurable_kernel_prod_mk_left (measurable_fst.snd.prod_mk measurable_snd hs) exact h_meas.lintegral_kernel_prod_right #align probability_theory.kernel.measurable_comp_prod_fun_of_finite ProbabilityTheory.kernel.measurable_compProdFun_of_finite theorem measurable_compProdFun (κ : kernel α β) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (hs : MeasurableSet s) : Measurable fun a => compProdFun κ η a s := by simp_rw [compProdFun_tsum_right κ η _ hs] refine Measurable.ennreal_tsum fun n => ?_ simp only [compProdFun] have h_meas : Measurable (Function.uncurry fun a b => seq η n (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s}) := by have : (Function.uncurry fun a b => seq η n (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ s}) = fun p => seq η n p {c : γ | (p.2, c) ∈ s} := by ext1 p rw [Function.uncurry_apply_pair] rw [this] exact measurable_kernel_prod_mk_left (measurable_fst.snd.prod_mk measurable_snd hs) exact h_meas.lintegral_kernel_prod_right #align probability_theory.kernel.measurable_comp_prod_fun ProbabilityTheory.kernel.measurable_compProdFun open scoped Classical noncomputable def compProd (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) : kernel α (β × γ) := if h : IsSFiniteKernel κ ∧ IsSFiniteKernel η then { val := fun a ↦ Measure.ofMeasurable (fun s _ => compProdFun κ η a s) (compProdFun_empty κ η a) (@compProdFun_iUnion _ _ _ _ _ _ κ η h.2 a) property := by have : IsSFiniteKernel κ := h.1 have : IsSFiniteKernel η := h.2 refine Measure.measurable_of_measurable_coe _ fun s hs => ?_ have : (fun a => Measure.ofMeasurable (fun s _ => compProdFun κ η a s) (compProdFun_empty κ η a) (compProdFun_iUnion κ η a) s) = fun a => compProdFun κ η a s := by ext1 a; rwa [Measure.ofMeasurable_apply] rw [this] exact measurable_compProdFun κ η hs } else 0 #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProd scoped[ProbabilityTheory] infixl:100 " ⊗ₖ " => ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProd theorem compProd_apply_eq_compProdFun (κ : kernel α β) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (hs : MeasurableSet s) : (κ ⊗ₖ η) a s = compProdFun κ η a s := by rw [compProd, dif_pos] swap · constructor <;> infer_instance change Measure.ofMeasurable (fun s _ => compProdFun κ η a s) (compProdFun_empty κ η a) (compProdFun_iUnion κ η a) s = ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a rw [Measure.ofMeasurable_apply _ hs] rfl #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_apply_eq_comp_prod_fun ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProd_apply_eq_compProdFun theorem compProd_of_not_isSFiniteKernel_left (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) (h : ¬ IsSFiniteKernel κ) : κ ⊗ₖ η = 0 := by rw [compProd, dif_neg] simp [h] theorem compProd_of_not_isSFiniteKernel_right (κ : kernel α β) (η : kernel (α × β) γ) (h : ¬ IsSFiniteKernel η) : κ ⊗ₖ η = 0 := by rw [compProd, dif_neg] simp [h] theorem compProd_apply (κ : kernel α β) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (hs : MeasurableSet s) : (κ ⊗ₖ η) a s = ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a := compProd_apply_eq_compProdFun κ η a hs #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_apply ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProd_apply theorem le_compProd_apply (κ : kernel α β) [IsSFiniteKernel κ] (η : kernel (α × β) γ) [IsSFiniteKernel η] (a : α) (s : Set (β × γ)) : ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a ≤ (κ ⊗ₖ η) a s := calc ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ s} ∂κ a ≤ ∫⁻ b, η (a, b) {c | (b, c) ∈ toMeasurable ((κ ⊗ₖ η) a) s} ∂κ a := lintegral_mono fun _ => measure_mono fun _ h_mem => subset_toMeasurable _ _ h_mem _ = (κ ⊗ₖ η) a (toMeasurable ((κ ⊗ₖ η) a) s) := (kernel.compProd_apply_eq_compProdFun κ η a (measurableSet_toMeasurable _ _)).symm _ = (κ ⊗ₖ η) a s := measure_toMeasurable s #align probability_theory.kernel.le_comp_prod_apply ProbabilityTheory.kernel.le_compProd_apply @[simp] lemma compProd_zero_left (κ : kernel (α × β) γ) : (0 : kernel α β) ⊗ₖ κ = 0 := by by_cases h : IsSFiniteKernel κ · ext a s hs rw [kernel.compProd_apply _ _ _ hs] simp · rw [kernel.compProd_of_not_isSFiniteKernel_right _ _ h] @[simp] lemma compProd_zero_right (κ : kernel α β) (γ : Type*) [MeasurableSpace γ] : κ ⊗ₖ (0 : kernel (α × β) γ) = 0 := by by_cases h : IsSFiniteKernel κ · ext a s hs rw [kernel.compProd_apply _ _ _ hs] simp · rw [kernel.compProd_of_not_isSFiniteKernel_left _ _ h] section Restrict variable {κ : kernel α β} [IsSFiniteKernel κ] {η : kernel (α × β) γ} [IsSFiniteKernel η] {a : α} theorem compProd_restrict {s : Set β} {t : Set γ} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (ht : MeasurableSet t) : kernel.restrict κ hs ⊗ₖ kernel.restrict η ht = kernel.restrict (κ ⊗ₖ η) (hs.prod ht) := by ext a u hu rw [compProd_apply _ _ _ hu, restrict_apply' _ _ _ hu, compProd_apply _ _ _ (hu.inter (hs.prod ht))] simp only [kernel.restrict_apply, Measure.restrict_apply' ht, Set.mem_inter_iff, Set.prod_mk_mem_set_prod_eq] have : ∀ b, η (a, b) {c : γ | (b, c) ∈ u ∧ b ∈ s ∧ c ∈ t} = s.indicator (fun b => η (a, b) ({c : γ | (b, c) ∈ u} ∩ t)) b := by intro b classical rw [Set.indicator_apply] split_ifs with h · simp only [h, true_and_iff] rfl · simp only [h, false_and_iff, and_false_iff, Set.setOf_false, measure_empty] simp_rw [this] rw [lintegral_indicator _ hs] #align probability_theory.kernel.comp_prod_restrict ProbabilityTheory.kernel.compProd_restrict
Mathlib/Probability/Kernel/Composition.lean
362
365
theorem compProd_restrict_left {s : Set β} (hs : MeasurableSet s) : kernel.restrict κ hs ⊗ₖ η = kernel.restrict (κ ⊗ₖ η) (hs.prod MeasurableSet.univ) := by
rw [← compProd_restrict] · congr; exact kernel.restrict_univ.symm
import Mathlib.Topology.Compactness.SigmaCompact import Mathlib.Topology.Connected.TotallyDisconnected import Mathlib.Topology.Inseparable #align_import topology.separation from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d91e7f7a7f1c7e9f0e18fdb6bde4f652004c735d" open Function Set Filter Topology TopologicalSpace open scoped Classical universe u v variable {X : Type*} {Y : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] section Separation def SeparatedNhds : Set X → Set X → Prop := fun s t : Set X => ∃ U V : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ IsOpen V ∧ s ⊆ U ∧ t ⊆ V ∧ Disjoint U V #align separated_nhds SeparatedNhds theorem separatedNhds_iff_disjoint {s t : Set X} : SeparatedNhds s t ↔ Disjoint (𝓝ˢ s) (𝓝ˢ t) := by simp only [(hasBasis_nhdsSet s).disjoint_iff (hasBasis_nhdsSet t), SeparatedNhds, exists_prop, ← exists_and_left, and_assoc, and_comm, and_left_comm] #align separated_nhds_iff_disjoint separatedNhds_iff_disjoint alias ⟨SeparatedNhds.disjoint_nhdsSet, _⟩ := separatedNhds_iff_disjoint class T0Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where t0 : ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, Inseparable x y → x = y #align t0_space T0Space theorem t0Space_iff_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ ∀ x y : X, Inseparable x y → x = y := ⟨fun ⟨h⟩ => h, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ #align t0_space_iff_inseparable t0Space_iff_inseparable theorem t0Space_iff_not_inseparable (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y : X => ¬Inseparable x y := by simp only [t0Space_iff_inseparable, Ne, not_imp_not, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_not_inseparable t0Space_iff_not_inseparable theorem Inseparable.eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : Inseparable x y) : x = y := T0Space.t0 h #align inseparable.eq Inseparable.eq protected theorem Inducing.injective [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Injective f := fun _ _ h => (hf.inseparable_iff.1 <| .of_eq h).eq #align inducing.injective Inducing.injective protected theorem Inducing.embedding [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} (hf : Inducing f) : Embedding f := ⟨hf, hf.injective⟩ #align inducing.embedding Inducing.embedding lemma embedding_iff_inducing [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] {f : X → Y} : Embedding f ↔ Inducing f := ⟨Embedding.toInducing, Inducing.embedding⟩ #align embedding_iff_inducing embedding_iff_inducing theorem t0Space_iff_nhds_injective (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := t0Space_iff_inseparable X #align t0_space_iff_nhds_injective t0Space_iff_nhds_injective theorem nhds_injective [T0Space X] : Injective (𝓝 : X → Filter X) := (t0Space_iff_nhds_injective X).1 ‹_› #align nhds_injective nhds_injective theorem inseparable_iff_eq [T0Space X] {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ x = y := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align inseparable_iff_eq inseparable_iff_eq @[simp] theorem nhds_eq_nhds_iff [T0Space X] {a b : X} : 𝓝 a = 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := nhds_injective.eq_iff #align nhds_eq_nhds_iff nhds_eq_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem inseparable_eq_eq [T0Space X] : Inseparable = @Eq X := funext₂ fun _ _ => propext inseparable_iff_eq #align inseparable_eq_eq inseparable_eq_eq theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.inseparable_iff {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : Inseparable x y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := ⟨fun h s hs ↦ inseparable_iff_forall_open.1 h _ (hb.isOpen hs), fun h ↦ hb.nhds_hasBasis.eq_of_same_basis <| by convert hb.nhds_hasBasis using 2 exact and_congr_right (h _)⟩ theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.eq_iff [T0Space X] {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} : x = y ↔ ∀ s ∈ b, (x ∈ s ↔ y ∈ s) := inseparable_iff_eq.symm.trans hb.inseparable_iff theorem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y => ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := by simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, xor_iff_not_iff, not_forall, exists_prop, inseparable_iff_forall_open, Pairwise] #align t0_space_iff_exists_is_open_xor_mem t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem theorem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem [T0Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ Xor' (x ∈ U) (y ∈ U) := (t0Space_iff_exists_isOpen_xor'_mem X).1 ‹_› h #align exists_is_open_xor_mem exists_isOpen_xor'_mem def specializationOrder (X) [TopologicalSpace X] [T0Space X] : PartialOrder X := { specializationPreorder X, PartialOrder.lift (OrderDual.toDual ∘ 𝓝) nhds_injective with } #align specialization_order specializationOrder instance SeparationQuotient.instT0Space : T0Space (SeparationQuotient X) := ⟨fun x y => Quotient.inductionOn₂' x y fun _ _ h => SeparationQuotient.mk_eq_mk.2 <| SeparationQuotient.inducing_mk.inseparable_iff.1 h⟩ theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · refine this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s \ U = s := hmin (s \ U) diff_subset ⟨y, hy, hyU⟩ (hs.sdiff hUo) exact (this.symm.subset hx).2 hxU #align minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsClosed s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsClosed t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_closed_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton theorem IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton [T0Space X] [CompactSpace X] {S : Set X} (hS : IsClosed S) (hne : S.Nonempty) : ∃ x : X, x ∈ S ∧ IsClosed ({x} : Set X) := by obtain ⟨V, Vsub, Vne, Vcls, hV⟩ := hS.exists_minimal_nonempty_closed_subset hne rcases minimal_nonempty_closed_eq_singleton Vcls Vne hV with ⟨x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨x, Vsub (mem_singleton x), Vcls⟩ #align is_closed.exists_closed_singleton IsClosed.exists_closed_singleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : s.Subsingleton := by clear Y -- Porting note: added refine fun x hx y hy => of_not_not fun hxy => ?_ rcases exists_isOpen_xor'_mem hxy with ⟨U, hUo, hU⟩ wlog h : x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U · exact this hs hmin y hy x hx (Ne.symm hxy) U hUo hU.symm (hU.resolve_left h) cases' h with hxU hyU have : s ∩ U = s := hmin (s ∩ U) inter_subset_left ⟨x, hx, hxU⟩ (hs.inter hUo) exact hyU (this.symm.subset hy).2 #align minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton theorem minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : IsOpen s) (hne : s.Nonempty) (hmin : ∀ t, t ⊆ s → t.Nonempty → IsOpen t → t = s) : ∃ x, s = {x} := exists_eq_singleton_iff_nonempty_subsingleton.2 ⟨hne, minimal_nonempty_open_subsingleton hs hmin⟩ #align minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton theorem exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite [T0Space X] {s : Set X} (hfin : s.Finite) (hne : s.Nonempty) (ho : IsOpen s) : ∃ x ∈ s, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := by lift s to Finset X using hfin induction' s using Finset.strongInductionOn with s ihs rcases em (∃ t, t ⊂ s ∧ t.Nonempty ∧ IsOpen (t : Set X)) with (⟨t, hts, htne, hto⟩ | ht) · rcases ihs t hts htne hto with ⟨x, hxt, hxo⟩ exact ⟨x, hts.1 hxt, hxo⟩ · -- Porting note: was `rcases minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne _ with ⟨x, hx⟩` -- https://github.com/leanprover/std4/issues/116 rsuffices ⟨x, hx⟩ : ∃ x, s.toSet = {x} · exact ⟨x, hx.symm ▸ rfl, hx ▸ ho⟩ refine minimal_nonempty_open_eq_singleton ho hne ?_ refine fun t hts htne hto => of_not_not fun hts' => ht ?_ lift t to Finset X using s.finite_toSet.subset hts exact ⟨t, ssubset_iff_subset_ne.2 ⟨hts, mt Finset.coe_inj.2 hts'⟩, htne, hto⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_open_finite exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite theorem exists_open_singleton_of_finite [T0Space X] [Finite X] [Nonempty X] : ∃ x : X, IsOpen ({x} : Set X) := let ⟨x, _, h⟩ := exists_isOpen_singleton_of_isOpen_finite (Set.toFinite _) univ_nonempty isOpen_univ ⟨x, h⟩ #align exists_open_singleton_of_fintype exists_open_singleton_of_finite theorem t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Function.Injective f) (hf' : Continuous f) [T0Space Y] : T0Space X := ⟨fun _ _ h => hf <| (h.map hf').eq⟩ #align t0_space_of_injective_of_continuous t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous protected theorem Embedding.t0Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Embedding f) : T0Space X := t0Space_of_injective_of_continuous hf.inj hf.continuous #align embedding.t0_space Embedding.t0Space instance Subtype.t0Space [T0Space X] {p : X → Prop} : T0Space (Subtype p) := embedding_subtype_val.t0Space #align subtype.t0_space Subtype.t0Space theorem t0Space_iff_or_not_mem_closure (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : T0Space X ↔ Pairwise fun a b : X => a ∉ closure ({b} : Set X) ∨ b ∉ closure ({a} : Set X) := by simp only [t0Space_iff_not_inseparable, inseparable_iff_mem_closure, not_and_or] #align t0_space_iff_or_not_mem_closure t0Space_iff_or_not_mem_closure instance Prod.instT0Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T0Space X] [T0Space Y] : T0Space (X × Y) := ⟨fun _ _ h => Prod.ext (h.map continuous_fst).eq (h.map continuous_snd).eq⟩ instance Pi.instT0Space {ι : Type*} {X : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] [∀ i, T0Space (X i)] : T0Space (∀ i, X i) := ⟨fun _ _ h => funext fun i => (h.map (continuous_apply i)).eq⟩ #align pi.t0_space Pi.instT0Space instance ULift.instT0Space [T0Space X] : T0Space (ULift X) := embedding_uLift_down.t0Space theorem T0Space.of_cover (h : ∀ x y, Inseparable x y → ∃ s : Set X, x ∈ s ∧ y ∈ s ∧ T0Space s) : T0Space X := by refine ⟨fun x y hxy => ?_⟩ rcases h x y hxy with ⟨s, hxs, hys, hs⟩ lift x to s using hxs; lift y to s using hys rw [← subtype_inseparable_iff] at hxy exact congr_arg Subtype.val hxy.eq #align t0_space.of_cover T0Space.of_cover theorem T0Space.of_open_cover (h : ∀ x, ∃ s : Set X, x ∈ s ∧ IsOpen s ∧ T0Space s) : T0Space X := T0Space.of_cover fun x _ hxy => let ⟨s, hxs, hso, hs⟩ := h x ⟨s, hxs, (hxy.mem_open_iff hso).1 hxs, hs⟩ #align t0_space.of_open_cover T0Space.of_open_cover @[mk_iff] class R0Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where specializes_symmetric : Symmetric (Specializes : X → X → Prop) export R0Space (specializes_symmetric) class T1Space (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : Prop where t1 : ∀ x, IsClosed ({x} : Set X) #align t1_space T1Space theorem isClosed_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsClosed ({x} : Set X) := T1Space.t1 x #align is_closed_singleton isClosed_singleton theorem isOpen_compl_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsOpen ({x}ᶜ : Set X) := isClosed_singleton.isOpen_compl #align is_open_compl_singleton isOpen_compl_singleton theorem isOpen_ne [T1Space X] {x : X} : IsOpen { y | y ≠ x } := isOpen_compl_singleton #align is_open_ne isOpen_ne @[to_additive] theorem Continuous.isOpen_mulSupport [T1Space X] [One X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : Y → X} (hf : Continuous f) : IsOpen (mulSupport f) := isOpen_ne.preimage hf #align continuous.is_open_mul_support Continuous.isOpen_mulSupport #align continuous.is_open_support Continuous.isOpen_support theorem Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : 𝓝[{y}ᶜ] x = 𝓝 x := isOpen_ne.nhdsWithin_eq h #align ne.nhds_within_compl_singleton Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton theorem Ne.nhdsWithin_diff_singleton [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) (s : Set X) : 𝓝[s \ {y}] x = 𝓝[s] x := by rw [diff_eq, inter_comm, nhdsWithin_inter_of_mem] exact mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds (isOpen_ne.mem_nhds h) #align ne.nhds_within_diff_singleton Ne.nhdsWithin_diff_singleton lemma nhdsWithin_compl_singleton_le [T1Space X] (x y : X) : 𝓝[{x}ᶜ] x ≤ 𝓝[{y}ᶜ] x := by rcases eq_or_ne x y with rfl|hy · exact Eq.le rfl · rw [Ne.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton hy] exact nhdsWithin_le_nhds theorem isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhdsWithin [T1Space X] {p : X → Prop} : IsOpen { x | ∀ᶠ y in 𝓝[≠] x, p y } := by refine isOpen_iff_mem_nhds.mpr fun a ha => ?_ filter_upwards [eventually_nhds_nhdsWithin.mpr ha] with b hb rcases eq_or_ne a b with rfl | h · exact hb · rw [h.symm.nhdsWithin_compl_singleton] at hb exact hb.filter_mono nhdsWithin_le_nhds #align is_open_set_of_eventually_nhds_within isOpen_setOf_eventually_nhdsWithin protected theorem Set.Finite.isClosed [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : Set.Finite s) : IsClosed s := by rw [← biUnion_of_singleton s] exact hs.isClosed_biUnion fun i _ => isClosed_singleton #align set.finite.is_closed Set.Finite.isClosed theorem TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.exists_mem_of_ne [T1Space X] {b : Set (Set X)} (hb : IsTopologicalBasis b) {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : ∃ a ∈ b, x ∈ a ∧ y ∉ a := by rcases hb.isOpen_iff.1 isOpen_ne x h with ⟨a, ab, xa, ha⟩ exact ⟨a, ab, xa, fun h => ha h rfl⟩ #align topological_space.is_topological_basis.exists_mem_of_ne TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.exists_mem_of_ne protected theorem Finset.isClosed [T1Space X] (s : Finset X) : IsClosed (s : Set X) := s.finite_toSet.isClosed #align finset.is_closed Finset.isClosed theorem t1Space_TFAE (X : Type u) [TopologicalSpace X] : List.TFAE [T1Space X, ∀ x, IsClosed ({ x } : Set X), ∀ x, IsOpen ({ x }ᶜ : Set X), Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → {y}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 x, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → ∃ s ∈ 𝓝 x, y ∉ s, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U, ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y), ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ⤳ y → x = y] := by tfae_have 1 ↔ 2 · exact ⟨fun h => h.1, fun h => ⟨h⟩⟩ tfae_have 2 ↔ 3 · simp only [isOpen_compl_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 3 · refine forall_swap.trans ?_ simp only [isOpen_iff_mem_nhds, mem_compl_iff, mem_singleton_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 6 · simp only [← subset_compl_singleton_iff, exists_mem_subset_iff] tfae_have 5 ↔ 7 · simp only [(nhds_basis_opens _).mem_iff, subset_compl_singleton_iff, exists_prop, and_assoc, and_left_comm] tfae_have 5 ↔ 8 · simp only [← principal_singleton, disjoint_principal_right] tfae_have 8 ↔ 9 · exact forall_swap.trans (by simp only [disjoint_comm, ne_comm]) tfae_have 1 → 4 · simp only [continuous_def, CofiniteTopology.isOpen_iff'] rintro H s (rfl | hs) exacts [isOpen_empty, compl_compl s ▸ (@Set.Finite.isClosed _ _ H _ hs).isOpen_compl] tfae_have 4 → 2 · exact fun h x => (CofiniteTopology.isClosed_iff.2 <| Or.inr (finite_singleton _)).preimage h tfae_have 2 ↔ 10 · simp only [← closure_subset_iff_isClosed, specializes_iff_mem_closure, subset_def, mem_singleton_iff, eq_comm] tfae_finish #align t1_space_tfae t1Space_TFAE theorem t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of : T1Space X ↔ Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 3 #align t1_space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of theorem CofiniteTopology.continuous_of [T1Space X] : Continuous (@CofiniteTopology.of X) := t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of.mp ‹_› #align cofinite_topology.continuous_of CofiniteTopology.continuous_of theorem t1Space_iff_exists_open : T1Space X ↔ Pairwise fun x y => ∃ U : Set X, IsOpen U ∧ x ∈ U ∧ y ∉ U := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 6 #align t1_space_iff_exists_open t1Space_iff_exists_open theorem t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 8 #align t1_space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds theorem t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ≠ y → Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y) := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 7 #align t1_space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure theorem t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq : T1Space X ↔ ∀ ⦃x y : X⦄, x ⤳ y → x = y := (t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 9 #align t1_space_iff_specializes_imp_eq t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq theorem disjoint_pure_nhds [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : Disjoint (pure x) (𝓝 y) := t1Space_iff_disjoint_pure_nhds.mp ‹_› h #align disjoint_pure_nhds disjoint_pure_nhds theorem disjoint_nhds_pure [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ≠ y) : Disjoint (𝓝 x) (pure y) := t1Space_iff_disjoint_nhds_pure.mp ‹_› h #align disjoint_nhds_pure disjoint_nhds_pure theorem Specializes.eq [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : x ⤳ y) : x = y := t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq.1 ‹_› h #align specializes.eq Specializes.eq theorem specializes_iff_eq [T1Space X] {x y : X} : x ⤳ y ↔ x = y := ⟨Specializes.eq, fun h => h ▸ specializes_rfl⟩ #align specializes_iff_eq specializes_iff_eq @[simp] theorem specializes_eq_eq [T1Space X] : (· ⤳ ·) = @Eq X := funext₂ fun _ _ => propext specializes_iff_eq #align specializes_eq_eq specializes_eq_eq @[simp] theorem pure_le_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {a b : X} : pure a ≤ 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := specializes_iff_pure.symm.trans specializes_iff_eq #align pure_le_nhds_iff pure_le_nhds_iff @[simp] theorem nhds_le_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {a b : X} : 𝓝 a ≤ 𝓝 b ↔ a = b := specializes_iff_eq #align nhds_le_nhds_iff nhds_le_nhds_iff instance (priority := 100) [T1Space X] : R0Space X where specializes_symmetric _ _ := by rw [specializes_iff_eq, specializes_iff_eq]; exact Eq.symm instance : T1Space (CofiniteTopology X) := t1Space_iff_continuous_cofinite_of.mpr continuous_id theorem t1Space_antitone : Antitone (@T1Space X) := fun a _ h _ => @T1Space.mk _ a fun x => (T1Space.t1 x).mono h #align t1_space_antitone t1Space_antitone theorem continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {s : Set X} {x x' : X} {y : Y} (hne : x' ≠ x) : ContinuousWithinAt (Function.update f x y) s x' ↔ ContinuousWithinAt f s x' := EventuallyEq.congr_continuousWithinAt (mem_nhdsWithin_of_mem_nhds <| mem_of_superset (isOpen_ne.mem_nhds hne) fun _y' hy' => Function.update_noteq hy' _ _) (Function.update_noteq hne _ _) #align continuous_within_at_update_of_ne continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne theorem continuousAt_update_of_ne [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {x x' : X} {y : Y} (hne : x' ≠ x) : ContinuousAt (Function.update f x y) x' ↔ ContinuousAt f x' := by simp only [← continuousWithinAt_univ, continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hne] #align continuous_at_update_of_ne continuousAt_update_of_ne theorem continuousOn_update_iff [T1Space X] [DecidableEq X] [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} {s : Set X} {x : X} {y : Y} : ContinuousOn (Function.update f x y) s ↔ ContinuousOn f (s \ {x}) ∧ (x ∈ s → Tendsto f (𝓝[s \ {x}] x) (𝓝 y)) := by rw [ContinuousOn, ← and_forall_ne x, and_comm] refine and_congr ⟨fun H z hz => ?_, fun H z hzx hzs => ?_⟩ (forall_congr' fun _ => ?_) · specialize H z hz.2 hz.1 rw [continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hz.2] at H exact H.mono diff_subset · rw [continuousWithinAt_update_of_ne hzx] refine (H z ⟨hzs, hzx⟩).mono_of_mem (inter_mem_nhdsWithin _ ?_) exact isOpen_ne.mem_nhds hzx · exact continuousWithinAt_update_same #align continuous_on_update_iff continuousOn_update_iff theorem t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous [TopologicalSpace Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Function.Injective f) (hf' : Continuous f) [T1Space Y] : T1Space X := t1Space_iff_specializes_imp_eq.2 fun _ _ h => hf (h.map hf').eq #align t1_space_of_injective_of_continuous t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous protected theorem Embedding.t1Space [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {f : X → Y} (hf : Embedding f) : T1Space X := t1Space_of_injective_of_continuous hf.inj hf.continuous #align embedding.t1_space Embedding.t1Space instance Subtype.t1Space {X : Type u} [TopologicalSpace X] [T1Space X] {p : X → Prop} : T1Space (Subtype p) := embedding_subtype_val.t1Space #align subtype.t1_space Subtype.t1Space instance [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space X] [T1Space Y] : T1Space (X × Y) := ⟨fun ⟨a, b⟩ => @singleton_prod_singleton _ _ a b ▸ isClosed_singleton.prod isClosed_singleton⟩ instance {ι : Type*} {X : ι → Type*} [∀ i, TopologicalSpace (X i)] [∀ i, T1Space (X i)] : T1Space (∀ i, X i) := ⟨fun f => univ_pi_singleton f ▸ isClosed_set_pi fun _ _ => isClosed_singleton⟩ instance ULift.instT1Space [T1Space X] : T1Space (ULift X) := embedding_uLift_down.t1Space -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) TotallyDisconnectedSpace.t1Space [h: TotallyDisconnectedSpace X] : T1Space X := by rw [((t1Space_TFAE X).out 0 1 :)] intro x rw [← totallyDisconnectedSpace_iff_connectedComponent_singleton.mp h x] exact isClosed_connectedComponent -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) T1Space.t0Space [T1Space X] : T0Space X := ⟨fun _ _ h => h.specializes.eq⟩ #align t1_space.t0_space T1Space.t0Space @[simp] theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff [T1Space X] {x y : X} : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 y ↔ y ≠ x := isOpen_compl_singleton.mem_nhds_iff #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhds [T1Space X] {x y : X} (h : y ≠ x) : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝 y := compl_singleton_mem_nhds_iff.mpr h #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds compl_singleton_mem_nhds @[simp] theorem closure_singleton [T1Space X] {x : X} : closure ({x} : Set X) = {x} := isClosed_singleton.closure_eq #align closure_singleton closure_singleton -- Porting note (#11215): TODO: the proof was `hs.induction_on (by simp) fun x => by simp` theorem Set.Subsingleton.closure [T1Space X] {s : Set X} (hs : s.Subsingleton) : (closure s).Subsingleton := by rcases hs.eq_empty_or_singleton with (rfl | ⟨x, rfl⟩) <;> simp #align set.subsingleton.closure Set.Subsingleton.closure @[simp] theorem subsingleton_closure [T1Space X] {s : Set X} : (closure s).Subsingleton ↔ s.Subsingleton := ⟨fun h => h.anti subset_closure, fun h => h.closure⟩ #align subsingleton_closure subsingleton_closure theorem isClosedMap_const {X Y} [TopologicalSpace X] [TopologicalSpace Y] [T1Space Y] {y : Y} : IsClosedMap (Function.const X y) := IsClosedMap.of_nonempty fun s _ h2s => by simp_rw [const, h2s.image_const, isClosed_singleton] #align is_closed_map_const isClosedMap_const theorem nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne [T1Space X] {x y : X} {s : Set X} (hxy : x ≠ y) : 𝓝[insert y s] x = 𝓝[s] x := by refine le_antisymm (Filter.le_def.2 fun t ht => ?_) (nhdsWithin_mono x <| subset_insert y s) obtain ⟨o, ho, hxo, host⟩ := mem_nhdsWithin.mp ht refine mem_nhdsWithin.mpr ⟨o \ {y}, ho.sdiff isClosed_singleton, ⟨hxo, hxy⟩, ?_⟩ rw [inter_insert_of_not_mem <| not_mem_diff_of_mem (mem_singleton y)] exact (inter_subset_inter diff_subset Subset.rfl).trans host #align nhds_within_insert_of_ne nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne theorem insert_mem_nhdsWithin_of_subset_insert [T1Space X] {x y : X} {s t : Set X} (hu : t ⊆ insert y s) : insert x s ∈ 𝓝[t] x := by rcases eq_or_ne x y with (rfl | h) · exact mem_of_superset self_mem_nhdsWithin hu refine nhdsWithin_mono x hu ?_ rw [nhdsWithin_insert_of_ne h] exact mem_of_superset self_mem_nhdsWithin (subset_insert x s) #align insert_mem_nhds_within_of_subset_insert insert_mem_nhdsWithin_of_subset_insert @[simp] theorem ker_nhds [T1Space X] (x : X) : (𝓝 x).ker = {x} := by simp [ker_nhds_eq_specializes] theorem biInter_basis_nhds [T1Space X] {ι : Sort*} {p : ι → Prop} {s : ι → Set X} {x : X} (h : (𝓝 x).HasBasis p s) : ⋂ (i) (_ : p i), s i = {x} := by rw [← h.ker, ker_nhds] #align bInter_basis_nhds biInter_basis_nhds @[simp] theorem compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff [T1Space X] {x : X} {s : Set X} : {x}ᶜ ∈ 𝓝ˢ s ↔ x ∉ s := by rw [isOpen_compl_singleton.mem_nhdsSet, subset_compl_singleton_iff] #align compl_singleton_mem_nhds_set_iff compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff @[simp] theorem nhdsSet_le_iff [T1Space X] {s t : Set X} : 𝓝ˢ s ≤ 𝓝ˢ t ↔ s ⊆ t := by refine ⟨?_, fun h => monotone_nhdsSet h⟩ simp_rw [Filter.le_def]; intro h x hx specialize h {x}ᶜ simp_rw [compl_singleton_mem_nhdsSet_iff] at h by_contra hxt exact h hxt hx #align nhds_set_le_iff nhdsSet_le_iff @[simp] theorem nhdsSet_inj_iff [T1Space X] {s t : Set X} : 𝓝ˢ s = 𝓝ˢ t ↔ s = t := by simp_rw [le_antisymm_iff] exact and_congr nhdsSet_le_iff nhdsSet_le_iff #align nhds_set_inj_iff nhdsSet_inj_iff theorem injective_nhdsSet [T1Space X] : Function.Injective (𝓝ˢ : Set X → Filter X) := fun _ _ hst => nhdsSet_inj_iff.mp hst #align injective_nhds_set injective_nhdsSet theorem strictMono_nhdsSet [T1Space X] : StrictMono (𝓝ˢ : Set X → Filter X) := monotone_nhdsSet.strictMono_of_injective injective_nhdsSet #align strict_mono_nhds_set strictMono_nhdsSet @[simp]
Mathlib/Topology/Separation.lean
806
807
theorem nhds_le_nhdsSet_iff [T1Space X] {s : Set X} {x : X} : 𝓝 x ≤ 𝓝ˢ s ↔ x ∈ s := by
rw [← nhdsSet_singleton, nhdsSet_le_iff, singleton_subset_iff]
import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Monotone import Mathlib.Probability.Process.HittingTime import Mathlib.Probability.Martingale.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.AdaptationNote #align_import probability.martingale.upcrossing from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2c1d8ca2812b64f88992a5294ea3dba144755cd1" open TopologicalSpace Filter open scoped NNReal ENNReal MeasureTheory ProbabilityTheory Topology namespace MeasureTheory variable {Ω ι : Type*} {m0 : MeasurableSpace Ω} {μ : Measure Ω} noncomputable def lowerCrossingTimeAux [Preorder ι] [InfSet ι] (a : ℝ) (f : ι → Ω → ℝ) (c N : ι) : Ω → ι := hitting f (Set.Iic a) c N #align measure_theory.lower_crossing_time_aux MeasureTheory.lowerCrossingTimeAux noncomputable def upperCrossingTime [Preorder ι] [OrderBot ι] [InfSet ι] (a b : ℝ) (f : ι → Ω → ℝ) (N : ι) : ℕ → Ω → ι | 0 => ⊥ | n + 1 => fun ω => hitting f (Set.Ici b) (lowerCrossingTimeAux a f (upperCrossingTime a b f N n ω) N ω) N ω #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime noncomputable def lowerCrossingTime [Preorder ι] [OrderBot ι] [InfSet ι] (a b : ℝ) (f : ι → Ω → ℝ) (N : ι) (n : ℕ) : Ω → ι := fun ω => hitting f (Set.Iic a) (upperCrossingTime a b f N n ω) N ω #align measure_theory.lower_crossing_time MeasureTheory.lowerCrossingTime section variable [Preorder ι] [OrderBot ι] [InfSet ι] variable {a b : ℝ} {f : ι → Ω → ℝ} {N : ι} {n m : ℕ} {ω : Ω} @[simp] theorem upperCrossingTime_zero : upperCrossingTime a b f N 0 = ⊥ := rfl #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_zero MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_zero @[simp] theorem lowerCrossingTime_zero : lowerCrossingTime a b f N 0 = hitting f (Set.Iic a) ⊥ N := rfl #align measure_theory.lower_crossing_time_zero MeasureTheory.lowerCrossingTime_zero theorem upperCrossingTime_succ : upperCrossingTime a b f N (n + 1) ω = hitting f (Set.Ici b) (lowerCrossingTimeAux a f (upperCrossingTime a b f N n ω) N ω) N ω := by rw [upperCrossingTime] #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_succ MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_succ theorem upperCrossingTime_succ_eq (ω : Ω) : upperCrossingTime a b f N (n + 1) ω = hitting f (Set.Ici b) (lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω) N ω := by simp only [upperCrossingTime_succ] rfl #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_succ_eq MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_succ_eq end section ConditionallyCompleteLinearOrderBot variable [ConditionallyCompleteLinearOrderBot ι] variable {a b : ℝ} {f : ι → Ω → ℝ} {N : ι} {n m : ℕ} {ω : Ω} theorem upperCrossingTime_le : upperCrossingTime a b f N n ω ≤ N := by cases n · simp only [upperCrossingTime_zero, Pi.bot_apply, bot_le, Nat.zero_eq] · simp only [upperCrossingTime_succ, hitting_le] #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_le MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_le @[simp] theorem upperCrossingTime_zero' : upperCrossingTime a b f ⊥ n ω = ⊥ := eq_bot_iff.2 upperCrossingTime_le #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_zero' MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_zero' theorem lowerCrossingTime_le : lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω ≤ N := by simp only [lowerCrossingTime, hitting_le ω] #align measure_theory.lower_crossing_time_le MeasureTheory.lowerCrossingTime_le theorem upperCrossingTime_le_lowerCrossingTime : upperCrossingTime a b f N n ω ≤ lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω := by simp only [lowerCrossingTime, le_hitting upperCrossingTime_le ω] #align measure_theory.upper_crossing_time_le_lower_crossing_time MeasureTheory.upperCrossingTime_le_lowerCrossingTime theorem lowerCrossingTime_le_upperCrossingTime_succ : lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω ≤ upperCrossingTime a b f N (n + 1) ω := by rw [upperCrossingTime_succ] exact le_hitting lowerCrossingTime_le ω #align measure_theory.lower_crossing_time_le_upper_crossing_time_succ MeasureTheory.lowerCrossingTime_le_upperCrossingTime_succ
Mathlib/Probability/Martingale/Upcrossing.lean
212
216
theorem lowerCrossingTime_mono (hnm : n ≤ m) : lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω ≤ lowerCrossingTime a b f N m ω := by
suffices Monotone fun n => lowerCrossingTime a b f N n ω by exact this hnm exact monotone_nat_of_le_succ fun n => le_trans lowerCrossingTime_le_upperCrossingTime_succ upperCrossingTime_le_lowerCrossingTime
import Mathlib.Algebra.MonoidAlgebra.Degree import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Coeff import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Monomial import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Nat.WithBot import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.WithTop import Mathlib.Data.Nat.SuccPred #align_import data.polynomial.degree.definitions from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"808ea4ebfabeb599f21ec4ae87d6dc969597887f" -- Porting note: `Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.WithTop` should be imported for `Nat.cast_withBot`. set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false noncomputable section open Finsupp Finset open Polynomial namespace Polynomial universe u v variable {R : Type u} {S : Type v} {a b c d : R} {n m : ℕ} section Semiring variable [Semiring R] {p q r : R[X]} def degree (p : R[X]) : WithBot ℕ := p.support.max #align polynomial.degree Polynomial.degree theorem supDegree_eq_degree (p : R[X]) : p.toFinsupp.supDegree WithBot.some = p.degree := max_eq_sup_coe theorem degree_lt_wf : WellFounded fun p q : R[X] => degree p < degree q := InvImage.wf degree wellFounded_lt #align polynomial.degree_lt_wf Polynomial.degree_lt_wf instance : WellFoundedRelation R[X] := ⟨_, degree_lt_wf⟩ def natDegree (p : R[X]) : ℕ := (degree p).unbot' 0 #align polynomial.nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree def leadingCoeff (p : R[X]) : R := coeff p (natDegree p) #align polynomial.leading_coeff Polynomial.leadingCoeff def Monic (p : R[X]) := leadingCoeff p = (1 : R) #align polynomial.monic Polynomial.Monic @[nontriviality] theorem monic_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] (p : R[X]) : Monic p := Subsingleton.elim _ _ #align polynomial.monic_of_subsingleton Polynomial.monic_of_subsingleton theorem Monic.def : Monic p ↔ leadingCoeff p = 1 := Iff.rfl #align polynomial.monic.def Polynomial.Monic.def instance Monic.decidable [DecidableEq R] : Decidable (Monic p) := by unfold Monic; infer_instance #align polynomial.monic.decidable Polynomial.Monic.decidable @[simp] theorem Monic.leadingCoeff {p : R[X]} (hp : p.Monic) : leadingCoeff p = 1 := hp #align polynomial.monic.leading_coeff Polynomial.Monic.leadingCoeff theorem Monic.coeff_natDegree {p : R[X]} (hp : p.Monic) : p.coeff p.natDegree = 1 := hp #align polynomial.monic.coeff_nat_degree Polynomial.Monic.coeff_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_zero : degree (0 : R[X]) = ⊥ := rfl #align polynomial.degree_zero Polynomial.degree_zero @[simp] theorem natDegree_zero : natDegree (0 : R[X]) = 0 := rfl #align polynomial.nat_degree_zero Polynomial.natDegree_zero @[simp] theorem coeff_natDegree : coeff p (natDegree p) = leadingCoeff p := rfl #align polynomial.coeff_nat_degree Polynomial.coeff_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_eq_bot : degree p = ⊥ ↔ p = 0 := ⟨fun h => support_eq_empty.1 (Finset.max_eq_bot.1 h), fun h => h.symm ▸ rfl⟩ #align polynomial.degree_eq_bot Polynomial.degree_eq_bot @[nontriviality] theorem degree_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] : degree p = ⊥ := by rw [Subsingleton.elim p 0, degree_zero] #align polynomial.degree_of_subsingleton Polynomial.degree_of_subsingleton @[nontriviality] theorem natDegree_of_subsingleton [Subsingleton R] : natDegree p = 0 := by rw [Subsingleton.elim p 0, natDegree_zero] #align polynomial.nat_degree_of_subsingleton Polynomial.natDegree_of_subsingleton theorem degree_eq_natDegree (hp : p ≠ 0) : degree p = (natDegree p : WithBot ℕ) := by let ⟨n, hn⟩ := not_forall.1 (mt Option.eq_none_iff_forall_not_mem.2 (mt degree_eq_bot.1 hp)) have hn : degree p = some n := Classical.not_not.1 hn rw [natDegree, hn]; rfl #align polynomial.degree_eq_nat_degree Polynomial.degree_eq_natDegree theorem supDegree_eq_natDegree (p : R[X]) : p.toFinsupp.supDegree id = p.natDegree := by obtain rfl|h := eq_or_ne p 0 · simp apply WithBot.coe_injective rw [← AddMonoidAlgebra.supDegree_withBot_some_comp, Function.comp_id, supDegree_eq_degree, degree_eq_natDegree h, Nat.cast_withBot] rwa [support_toFinsupp, nonempty_iff_ne_empty, Ne, support_eq_empty] theorem degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hp : p ≠ 0) : p.degree = n ↔ p.natDegree = n := by rw [degree_eq_natDegree hp]; exact WithBot.coe_eq_coe #align polynomial.degree_eq_iff_nat_degree_eq Polynomial.degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq theorem degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq_of_pos {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hn : 0 < n) : p.degree = n ↔ p.natDegree = n := by obtain rfl|h := eq_or_ne p 0 · simp [hn.ne] · exact degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq h #align polynomial.degree_eq_iff_nat_degree_eq_of_pos Polynomial.degree_eq_iff_natDegree_eq_of_pos theorem natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (h : degree p = n) : natDegree p = n := by -- Porting note: `Nat.cast_withBot` is required. rw [natDegree, h, Nat.cast_withBot, WithBot.unbot'_coe] #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_degree_eq_some Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some theorem degree_ne_of_natDegree_ne {n : ℕ} : p.natDegree ≠ n → degree p ≠ n := mt natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some #align polynomial.degree_ne_of_nat_degree_ne Polynomial.degree_ne_of_natDegree_ne @[simp] theorem degree_le_natDegree : degree p ≤ natDegree p := WithBot.giUnbot'Bot.gc.le_u_l _ #align polynomial.degree_le_nat_degree Polynomial.degree_le_natDegree theorem natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq [Semiring S] {q : S[X]} (h : degree p = degree q) : natDegree p = natDegree q := by unfold natDegree; rw [h] #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_degree_eq Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq theorem le_degree_of_ne_zero (h : coeff p n ≠ 0) : (n : WithBot ℕ) ≤ degree p := by rw [Nat.cast_withBot] exact Finset.le_sup (mem_support_iff.2 h) #align polynomial.le_degree_of_ne_zero Polynomial.le_degree_of_ne_zero theorem le_natDegree_of_ne_zero (h : coeff p n ≠ 0) : n ≤ natDegree p := by rw [← Nat.cast_le (α := WithBot ℕ), ← degree_eq_natDegree] · exact le_degree_of_ne_zero h · rintro rfl exact h rfl #align polynomial.le_nat_degree_of_ne_zero Polynomial.le_natDegree_of_ne_zero theorem le_natDegree_of_mem_supp (a : ℕ) : a ∈ p.support → a ≤ natDegree p := le_natDegree_of_ne_zero ∘ mem_support_iff.mp #align polynomial.le_nat_degree_of_mem_supp Polynomial.le_natDegree_of_mem_supp theorem degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero (pn : p.degree ≤ n) (p1 : p.coeff n ≠ 0) : p.degree = n := pn.antisymm (le_degree_of_ne_zero p1) #align polynomial.degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero Polynomial.degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero theorem natDegree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero (pn : p.natDegree ≤ n) (p1 : p.coeff n ≠ 0) : p.natDegree = n := pn.antisymm (le_natDegree_of_ne_zero p1) #align polynomial.nat_degree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero Polynomial.natDegree_eq_of_le_of_coeff_ne_zero theorem degree_mono [Semiring S] {f : R[X]} {g : S[X]} (h : f.support ⊆ g.support) : f.degree ≤ g.degree := Finset.sup_mono h #align polynomial.degree_mono Polynomial.degree_mono theorem supp_subset_range (h : natDegree p < m) : p.support ⊆ Finset.range m := fun _n hn => mem_range.2 <| (le_natDegree_of_mem_supp _ hn).trans_lt h #align polynomial.supp_subset_range Polynomial.supp_subset_range theorem supp_subset_range_natDegree_succ : p.support ⊆ Finset.range (natDegree p + 1) := supp_subset_range (Nat.lt_succ_self _) #align polynomial.supp_subset_range_nat_degree_succ Polynomial.supp_subset_range_natDegree_succ theorem degree_le_degree (h : coeff q (natDegree p) ≠ 0) : degree p ≤ degree q := by by_cases hp : p = 0 · rw [hp, degree_zero] exact bot_le · rw [degree_eq_natDegree hp] exact le_degree_of_ne_zero h #align polynomial.degree_le_degree Polynomial.degree_le_degree theorem natDegree_le_iff_degree_le {n : ℕ} : natDegree p ≤ n ↔ degree p ≤ n := WithBot.unbot'_le_iff (fun _ ↦ bot_le) #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_iff_degree_le Polynomial.natDegree_le_iff_degree_le theorem natDegree_lt_iff_degree_lt (hp : p ≠ 0) : p.natDegree < n ↔ p.degree < ↑n := WithBot.unbot'_lt_iff (absurd · (degree_eq_bot.not.mpr hp)) #align polynomial.nat_degree_lt_iff_degree_lt Polynomial.natDegree_lt_iff_degree_lt alias ⟨degree_le_of_natDegree_le, natDegree_le_of_degree_le⟩ := natDegree_le_iff_degree_le #align polynomial.degree_le_of_nat_degree_le Polynomial.degree_le_of_natDegree_le #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_of_degree_le Polynomial.natDegree_le_of_degree_le theorem natDegree_le_natDegree [Semiring S] {q : S[X]} (hpq : p.degree ≤ q.degree) : p.natDegree ≤ q.natDegree := WithBot.giUnbot'Bot.gc.monotone_l hpq #align polynomial.nat_degree_le_nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree_le_natDegree theorem natDegree_lt_natDegree {p q : R[X]} (hp : p ≠ 0) (hpq : p.degree < q.degree) : p.natDegree < q.natDegree := by by_cases hq : q = 0 · exact (not_lt_bot <| hq ▸ hpq).elim rwa [degree_eq_natDegree hp, degree_eq_natDegree hq, Nat.cast_lt] at hpq #align polynomial.nat_degree_lt_nat_degree Polynomial.natDegree_lt_natDegree @[simp] theorem degree_C (ha : a ≠ 0) : degree (C a) = (0 : WithBot ℕ) := by rw [degree, ← monomial_zero_left, support_monomial 0 ha, max_eq_sup_coe, sup_singleton, WithBot.coe_zero] #align polynomial.degree_C Polynomial.degree_C theorem degree_C_le : degree (C a) ≤ 0 := by by_cases h : a = 0 · rw [h, C_0] exact bot_le · rw [degree_C h] #align polynomial.degree_C_le Polynomial.degree_C_le theorem degree_C_lt : degree (C a) < 1 := degree_C_le.trans_lt <| WithBot.coe_lt_coe.mpr zero_lt_one #align polynomial.degree_C_lt Polynomial.degree_C_lt theorem degree_one_le : degree (1 : R[X]) ≤ (0 : WithBot ℕ) := by rw [← C_1]; exact degree_C_le #align polynomial.degree_one_le Polynomial.degree_one_le @[simp] theorem natDegree_C (a : R) : natDegree (C a) = 0 := by by_cases ha : a = 0 · have : C a = 0 := by rw [ha, C_0] rw [natDegree, degree_eq_bot.2 this, WithBot.unbot'_bot] · rw [natDegree, degree_C ha, WithBot.unbot_zero'] #align polynomial.nat_degree_C Polynomial.natDegree_C @[simp] theorem natDegree_one : natDegree (1 : R[X]) = 0 := natDegree_C 1 #align polynomial.nat_degree_one Polynomial.natDegree_one @[simp] theorem natDegree_natCast (n : ℕ) : natDegree (n : R[X]) = 0 := by simp only [← C_eq_natCast, natDegree_C] #align polynomial.nat_degree_nat_cast Polynomial.natDegree_natCast @[deprecated (since := "2024-04-17")] alias natDegree_nat_cast := natDegree_natCast theorem degree_natCast_le (n : ℕ) : degree (n : R[X]) ≤ 0 := degree_le_of_natDegree_le (by simp) @[deprecated (since := "2024-04-17")] alias degree_nat_cast_le := degree_natCast_le @[simp] theorem degree_monomial (n : ℕ) (ha : a ≠ 0) : degree (monomial n a) = n := by rw [degree, support_monomial n ha, max_singleton, Nat.cast_withBot] #align polynomial.degree_monomial Polynomial.degree_monomial @[simp] theorem degree_C_mul_X_pow (n : ℕ) (ha : a ≠ 0) : degree (C a * X ^ n) = n := by rw [C_mul_X_pow_eq_monomial, degree_monomial n ha] #align polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_pow Polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_pow theorem degree_C_mul_X (ha : a ≠ 0) : degree (C a * X) = 1 := by simpa only [pow_one] using degree_C_mul_X_pow 1 ha #align polynomial.degree_C_mul_X Polynomial.degree_C_mul_X theorem degree_monomial_le (n : ℕ) (a : R) : degree (monomial n a) ≤ n := letI := Classical.decEq R if h : a = 0 then by rw [h, (monomial n).map_zero, degree_zero]; exact bot_le else le_of_eq (degree_monomial n h) #align polynomial.degree_monomial_le Polynomial.degree_monomial_le theorem degree_C_mul_X_pow_le (n : ℕ) (a : R) : degree (C a * X ^ n) ≤ n := by rw [C_mul_X_pow_eq_monomial] apply degree_monomial_le #align polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_pow_le Polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_pow_le theorem degree_C_mul_X_le (a : R) : degree (C a * X) ≤ 1 := by simpa only [pow_one] using degree_C_mul_X_pow_le 1 a #align polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_le Polynomial.degree_C_mul_X_le @[simp] theorem natDegree_C_mul_X_pow (n : ℕ) (a : R) (ha : a ≠ 0) : natDegree (C a * X ^ n) = n := natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some (degree_C_mul_X_pow n ha) #align polynomial.nat_degree_C_mul_X_pow Polynomial.natDegree_C_mul_X_pow @[simp] theorem natDegree_C_mul_X (a : R) (ha : a ≠ 0) : natDegree (C a * X) = 1 := by simpa only [pow_one] using natDegree_C_mul_X_pow 1 a ha #align polynomial.nat_degree_C_mul_X Polynomial.natDegree_C_mul_X @[simp] theorem natDegree_monomial [DecidableEq R] (i : ℕ) (r : R) : natDegree (monomial i r) = if r = 0 then 0 else i := by split_ifs with hr · simp [hr] · rw [← C_mul_X_pow_eq_monomial, natDegree_C_mul_X_pow i r hr] #align polynomial.nat_degree_monomial Polynomial.natDegree_monomial theorem natDegree_monomial_le (a : R) {m : ℕ} : (monomial m a).natDegree ≤ m := by classical rw [Polynomial.natDegree_monomial] split_ifs exacts [Nat.zero_le _, le_rfl] #align polynomial.nat_degree_monomial_le Polynomial.natDegree_monomial_le theorem natDegree_monomial_eq (i : ℕ) {r : R} (r0 : r ≠ 0) : (monomial i r).natDegree = i := letI := Classical.decEq R Eq.trans (natDegree_monomial _ _) (if_neg r0) #align polynomial.nat_degree_monomial_eq Polynomial.natDegree_monomial_eq theorem coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt (h : degree p < n) : coeff p n = 0 := Classical.not_not.1 (mt le_degree_of_ne_zero (not_le_of_gt h)) #align polynomial.coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt Polynomial.coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt theorem coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt {p : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (h : p.natDegree < n) : p.coeff n = 0 := by apply coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt by_cases hp : p = 0 · subst hp exact WithBot.bot_lt_coe n · rwa [degree_eq_natDegree hp, Nat.cast_lt] #align polynomial.coeff_eq_zero_of_nat_degree_lt Polynomial.coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt theorem ext_iff_natDegree_le {p q : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hp : p.natDegree ≤ n) (hq : q.natDegree ≤ n) : p = q ↔ ∀ i ≤ n, p.coeff i = q.coeff i := by refine Iff.trans Polynomial.ext_iff ?_ refine forall_congr' fun i => ⟨fun h _ => h, fun h => ?_⟩ refine (le_or_lt i n).elim h fun k => ?_ exact (coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt (hp.trans_lt k)).trans (coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt (hq.trans_lt k)).symm #align polynomial.ext_iff_nat_degree_le Polynomial.ext_iff_natDegree_le theorem ext_iff_degree_le {p q : R[X]} {n : ℕ} (hp : p.degree ≤ n) (hq : q.degree ≤ n) : p = q ↔ ∀ i ≤ n, p.coeff i = q.coeff i := ext_iff_natDegree_le (natDegree_le_of_degree_le hp) (natDegree_le_of_degree_le hq) #align polynomial.ext_iff_degree_le Polynomial.ext_iff_degree_le @[simp] theorem coeff_natDegree_succ_eq_zero {p : R[X]} : p.coeff (p.natDegree + 1) = 0 := coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt (lt_add_one _) #align polynomial.coeff_nat_degree_succ_eq_zero Polynomial.coeff_natDegree_succ_eq_zero -- We need the explicit `Decidable` argument here because an exotic one shows up in a moment! theorem ite_le_natDegree_coeff (p : R[X]) (n : ℕ) (I : Decidable (n < 1 + natDegree p)) : @ite _ (n < 1 + natDegree p) I (coeff p n) 0 = coeff p n := by split_ifs with h · rfl · exact (coeff_eq_zero_of_natDegree_lt (not_le.1 fun w => h (Nat.lt_one_add_iff.2 w))).symm #align polynomial.ite_le_nat_degree_coeff Polynomial.ite_le_natDegree_coeff theorem as_sum_support (p : R[X]) : p = ∑ i ∈ p.support, monomial i (p.coeff i) := (sum_monomial_eq p).symm #align polynomial.as_sum_support Polynomial.as_sum_support theorem as_sum_support_C_mul_X_pow (p : R[X]) : p = ∑ i ∈ p.support, C (p.coeff i) * X ^ i := _root_.trans p.as_sum_support <| by simp only [C_mul_X_pow_eq_monomial] #align polynomial.as_sum_support_C_mul_X_pow Polynomial.as_sum_support_C_mul_X_pow theorem sum_over_range' [AddCommMonoid S] (p : R[X]) {f : ℕ → R → S} (h : ∀ n, f n 0 = 0) (n : ℕ) (w : p.natDegree < n) : p.sum f = ∑ a ∈ range n, f a (coeff p a) := by rcases p with ⟨⟩ have := supp_subset_range w simp only [Polynomial.sum, support, coeff, natDegree, degree] at this ⊢ exact Finsupp.sum_of_support_subset _ this _ fun n _hn => h n #align polynomial.sum_over_range' Polynomial.sum_over_range' theorem sum_over_range [AddCommMonoid S] (p : R[X]) {f : ℕ → R → S} (h : ∀ n, f n 0 = 0) : p.sum f = ∑ a ∈ range (p.natDegree + 1), f a (coeff p a) := sum_over_range' p h (p.natDegree + 1) (lt_add_one _) #align polynomial.sum_over_range Polynomial.sum_over_range -- TODO this is essentially a duplicate of `sum_over_range`, and should be removed. theorem sum_fin [AddCommMonoid S] (f : ℕ → R → S) (hf : ∀ i, f i 0 = 0) {n : ℕ} {p : R[X]} (hn : p.degree < n) : (∑ i : Fin n, f i (p.coeff i)) = p.sum f := by by_cases hp : p = 0 · rw [hp, sum_zero_index, Finset.sum_eq_zero] intro i _ exact hf i rw [sum_over_range' _ hf n ((natDegree_lt_iff_degree_lt hp).mpr hn), Fin.sum_univ_eq_sum_range fun i => f i (p.coeff i)] #align polynomial.sum_fin Polynomial.sum_fin theorem as_sum_range' (p : R[X]) (n : ℕ) (w : p.natDegree < n) : p = ∑ i ∈ range n, monomial i (coeff p i) := p.sum_monomial_eq.symm.trans <| p.sum_over_range' monomial_zero_right _ w #align polynomial.as_sum_range' Polynomial.as_sum_range' theorem as_sum_range (p : R[X]) : p = ∑ i ∈ range (p.natDegree + 1), monomial i (coeff p i) := p.sum_monomial_eq.symm.trans <| p.sum_over_range <| monomial_zero_right #align polynomial.as_sum_range Polynomial.as_sum_range theorem as_sum_range_C_mul_X_pow (p : R[X]) : p = ∑ i ∈ range (p.natDegree + 1), C (coeff p i) * X ^ i := p.as_sum_range.trans <| by simp only [C_mul_X_pow_eq_monomial] #align polynomial.as_sum_range_C_mul_X_pow Polynomial.as_sum_range_C_mul_X_pow theorem coeff_ne_zero_of_eq_degree (hn : degree p = n) : coeff p n ≠ 0 := fun h => mem_support_iff.mp (mem_of_max hn) h #align polynomial.coeff_ne_zero_of_eq_degree Polynomial.coeff_ne_zero_of_eq_degree theorem eq_X_add_C_of_degree_le_one (h : degree p ≤ 1) : p = C (p.coeff 1) * X + C (p.coeff 0) := ext fun n => Nat.casesOn n (by simp) fun n => Nat.casesOn n (by simp [coeff_C]) fun m => by -- Porting note: `by decide` → `Iff.mpr ..` have : degree p < m.succ.succ := lt_of_le_of_lt h (Iff.mpr WithBot.coe_lt_coe <| Nat.succ_lt_succ <| Nat.zero_lt_succ m) simp [coeff_eq_zero_of_degree_lt this, coeff_C, Nat.succ_ne_zero, coeff_X, Nat.succ_inj', @eq_comm ℕ 0] #align polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_degree_le_one Polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_degree_le_one theorem eq_X_add_C_of_degree_eq_one (h : degree p = 1) : p = C p.leadingCoeff * X + C (p.coeff 0) := (eq_X_add_C_of_degree_le_one h.le).trans (by rw [← Nat.cast_one] at h; rw [leadingCoeff, natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some h]) #align polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_degree_eq_one Polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_degree_eq_one theorem eq_X_add_C_of_natDegree_le_one (h : natDegree p ≤ 1) : p = C (p.coeff 1) * X + C (p.coeff 0) := eq_X_add_C_of_degree_le_one <| degree_le_of_natDegree_le h #align polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_nat_degree_le_one Polynomial.eq_X_add_C_of_natDegree_le_one
Mathlib/Algebra/Polynomial/Degree/Definitions.lean
468
469
theorem Monic.eq_X_add_C (hm : p.Monic) (hnd : p.natDegree = 1) : p = X + C (p.coeff 0) := by
rw [← one_mul X, ← C_1, ← hm.coeff_natDegree, hnd, ← eq_X_add_C_of_natDegree_le_one hnd.le]
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.TwoDim import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Angle.Unoriented.Basic #align_import geometry.euclidean.angle.oriented.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f0c8bf9245297a541f468be517f1bde6195105e9" noncomputable section open FiniteDimensional Complex open scoped Real RealInnerProductSpace ComplexConjugate namespace Orientation attribute [local instance] Complex.finrank_real_complex_fact variable {V V' : Type*} variable [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedAddCommGroup V'] variable [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V'] variable [Fact (finrank ℝ V = 2)] [Fact (finrank ℝ V' = 2)] (o : Orientation ℝ V (Fin 2)) local notation "ω" => o.areaForm def oangle (x y : V) : Real.Angle := Complex.arg (o.kahler x y) #align orientation.oangle Orientation.oangle theorem continuousAt_oangle {x : V × V} (hx1 : x.1 ≠ 0) (hx2 : x.2 ≠ 0) : ContinuousAt (fun y : V × V => o.oangle y.1 y.2) x := by refine (Complex.continuousAt_arg_coe_angle ?_).comp ?_ · exact o.kahler_ne_zero hx1 hx2 exact ((continuous_ofReal.comp continuous_inner).add ((continuous_ofReal.comp o.areaForm'.continuous₂).mul continuous_const)).continuousAt #align orientation.continuous_at_oangle Orientation.continuousAt_oangle @[simp] theorem oangle_zero_left (x : V) : o.oangle 0 x = 0 := by simp [oangle] #align orientation.oangle_zero_left Orientation.oangle_zero_left @[simp] theorem oangle_zero_right (x : V) : o.oangle x 0 = 0 := by simp [oangle] #align orientation.oangle_zero_right Orientation.oangle_zero_right @[simp] theorem oangle_self (x : V) : o.oangle x x = 0 := by rw [oangle, kahler_apply_self, ← ofReal_pow] convert QuotientAddGroup.mk_zero (AddSubgroup.zmultiples (2 * π)) apply arg_ofReal_of_nonneg positivity #align orientation.oangle_self Orientation.oangle_self theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) : x ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl; simp at h #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) : y ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl; simp at h #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero theorem ne_of_oangle_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) : x ≠ y := by rintro rfl; simp at h #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero Orientation.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = π) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = π) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi theorem ne_of_oangle_eq_pi {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = π) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_pi Orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_pi theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (π / 2 : ℝ)) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (π / 2 : ℝ)) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem ne_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (π / 2 : ℝ)) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two Orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_pi_div_two theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (-π / 2 : ℝ)) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (-π / 2 : ℝ)) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two theorem ne_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = (-π / 2 : ℝ)) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : o.oangle x y ≠ 0) #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two Orientation.ne_of_oangle_eq_neg_pi_div_two theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (Real.Angle.sign_ne_zero_iff.1 h).1 #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_ne_zero (Real.Angle.sign_ne_zero_iff.1 h).1 #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero theorem ne_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_ne_zero (Real.Angle.sign_ne_zero_iff.1 h).1 #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero Orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = 1) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = 1) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_one theorem ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = 1) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_one Orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_one theorem left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = -1) : x ≠ 0 := o.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one Orientation.left_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one theorem right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = -1) : y ≠ 0 := o.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one Orientation.right_ne_zero_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one theorem ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = -1) : x ≠ y := o.ne_of_oangle_sign_ne_zero (h.symm ▸ by decide : (o.oangle x y).sign ≠ 0) #align orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one Orientation.ne_of_oangle_sign_eq_neg_one theorem oangle_rev (x y : V) : o.oangle y x = -o.oangle x y := by simp only [oangle, o.kahler_swap y x, Complex.arg_conj_coe_angle] #align orientation.oangle_rev Orientation.oangle_rev @[simp] theorem oangle_add_oangle_rev (x y : V) : o.oangle x y + o.oangle y x = 0 := by simp [o.oangle_rev y x] #align orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev Orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev theorem oangle_neg_left {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : o.oangle (-x) y = o.oangle x y + π := by simp only [oangle, map_neg] convert Complex.arg_neg_coe_angle _ exact o.kahler_ne_zero hx hy #align orientation.oangle_neg_left Orientation.oangle_neg_left theorem oangle_neg_right {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : o.oangle x (-y) = o.oangle x y + π := by simp only [oangle, map_neg] convert Complex.arg_neg_coe_angle _ exact o.kahler_ne_zero hx hy #align orientation.oangle_neg_right Orientation.oangle_neg_right @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_neg_left (x y : V) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (-x) y = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x y := by by_cases hx : x = 0 · simp [hx] · by_cases hy : y = 0 · simp [hy] · simp [o.oangle_neg_left hx hy] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_left Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_left @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_neg_right (x y : V) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x (-y) = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x y := by by_cases hx : x = 0 · simp [hx] · by_cases hy : y = 0 · simp [hy] · simp [o.oangle_neg_right hx hy] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_right Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_right @[simp] theorem oangle_neg_neg (x y : V) : o.oangle (-x) (-y) = o.oangle x y := by simp [oangle] #align orientation.oangle_neg_neg Orientation.oangle_neg_neg theorem oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right (x y : V) : o.oangle (-x) y = o.oangle x (-y) := by rw [← neg_neg y, oangle_neg_neg, neg_neg] #align orientation.oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right Orientation.oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right @[simp] theorem oangle_neg_self_left {x : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) : o.oangle (-x) x = π := by simp [oangle_neg_left, hx] #align orientation.oangle_neg_self_left Orientation.oangle_neg_self_left @[simp] theorem oangle_neg_self_right {x : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) : o.oangle x (-x) = π := by simp [oangle_neg_right, hx] #align orientation.oangle_neg_self_right Orientation.oangle_neg_self_right -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this theorem two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_left (x : V) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (-x) x = 0 := by by_cases hx : x = 0 <;> simp [hx] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_left Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_left -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this theorem two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_right (x : V) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x (-x) = 0 := by by_cases hx : x = 0 <;> simp [hx] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_right Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_neg_self_right @[simp] theorem oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_left (x y : V) : o.oangle (-x) y + o.oangle (-y) x = 0 := by rw [oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right, oangle_rev, add_left_neg] #align orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_left Orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_left @[simp] theorem oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_right (x y : V) : o.oangle x (-y) + o.oangle y (-x) = 0 := by rw [o.oangle_rev (-x), oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right, add_neg_self] #align orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_right Orientation.oangle_add_oangle_rev_neg_right @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_left_of_pos (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) : o.oangle (r • x) y = o.oangle x y := by simp [oangle, Complex.arg_real_mul _ hr] #align orientation.oangle_smul_left_of_pos Orientation.oangle_smul_left_of_pos @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_right_of_pos (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 < r) : o.oangle x (r • y) = o.oangle x y := by simp [oangle, Complex.arg_real_mul _ hr] #align orientation.oangle_smul_right_of_pos Orientation.oangle_smul_right_of_pos @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_left_of_neg (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : r < 0) : o.oangle (r • x) y = o.oangle (-x) y := by rw [← neg_neg r, neg_smul, ← smul_neg, o.oangle_smul_left_of_pos _ _ (neg_pos_of_neg hr)] #align orientation.oangle_smul_left_of_neg Orientation.oangle_smul_left_of_neg @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_right_of_neg (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : r < 0) : o.oangle x (r • y) = o.oangle x (-y) := by rw [← neg_neg r, neg_smul, ← smul_neg, o.oangle_smul_right_of_pos _ _ (neg_pos_of_neg hr)] #align orientation.oangle_smul_right_of_neg Orientation.oangle_smul_right_of_neg @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_left_self_of_nonneg (x : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) : o.oangle (r • x) x = 0 := by rcases hr.lt_or_eq with (h | h) · simp [h] · simp [h.symm] #align orientation.oangle_smul_left_self_of_nonneg Orientation.oangle_smul_left_self_of_nonneg @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_right_self_of_nonneg (x : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : 0 ≤ r) : o.oangle x (r • x) = 0 := by rcases hr.lt_or_eq with (h | h) · simp [h] · simp [h.symm] #align orientation.oangle_smul_right_self_of_nonneg Orientation.oangle_smul_right_self_of_nonneg @[simp] theorem oangle_smul_smul_self_of_nonneg (x : V) {r₁ r₂ : ℝ} (hr₁ : 0 ≤ r₁) (hr₂ : 0 ≤ r₂) : o.oangle (r₁ • x) (r₂ • x) = 0 := by rcases hr₁.lt_or_eq with (h | h) · simp [h, hr₂] · simp [h.symm] #align orientation.oangle_smul_smul_self_of_nonneg Orientation.oangle_smul_smul_self_of_nonneg @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_of_ne_zero (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (r • x) y = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x y := by rcases hr.lt_or_lt with (h | h) <;> simp [h] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_of_ne_zero Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_of_ne_zero @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_of_ne_zero (x y : V) {r : ℝ} (hr : r ≠ 0) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x (r • y) = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x y := by rcases hr.lt_or_lt with (h | h) <;> simp [h] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_of_ne_zero Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_of_ne_zero @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_self (x : V) {r : ℝ} : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (r • x) x = 0 := by rcases lt_or_le r 0 with (h | h) <;> simp [h] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_self Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_self @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_self (x : V) {r : ℝ} : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x (r • x) = 0 := by rcases lt_or_le r 0 with (h | h) <;> simp [h] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_self Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_self @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_oangle_smul_smul_self (x : V) {r₁ r₂ : ℝ} : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (r₁ • x) (r₂ • x) = 0 := by by_cases h : r₁ = 0 <;> simp [h] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_smul_self Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_smul_self theorem two_zsmul_oangle_left_of_span_eq {x y : V} (z : V) (h : (ℝ ∙ x) = ℝ ∙ y) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x z = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle y z := by rw [Submodule.span_singleton_eq_span_singleton] at h rcases h with ⟨r, rfl⟩ exact (o.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_left_of_ne_zero _ _ (Units.ne_zero _)).symm #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_left_of_span_eq Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_left_of_span_eq theorem two_zsmul_oangle_right_of_span_eq (x : V) {y z : V} (h : (ℝ ∙ y) = ℝ ∙ z) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x y = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x z := by rw [Submodule.span_singleton_eq_span_singleton] at h rcases h with ⟨r, rfl⟩ exact (o.two_zsmul_oangle_smul_right_of_ne_zero _ _ (Units.ne_zero _)).symm #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_right_of_span_eq Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_right_of_span_eq theorem two_zsmul_oangle_of_span_eq_of_span_eq {w x y z : V} (hwx : (ℝ ∙ w) = ℝ ∙ x) (hyz : (ℝ ∙ y) = ℝ ∙ z) : (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle w y = (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle x z := by rw [o.two_zsmul_oangle_left_of_span_eq y hwx, o.two_zsmul_oangle_right_of_span_eq x hyz] #align orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_of_span_eq_of_span_eq Orientation.two_zsmul_oangle_of_span_eq_of_span_eq theorem oangle_eq_zero_iff_oangle_rev_eq_zero {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = 0 ↔ o.oangle y x = 0 := by rw [oangle_rev, neg_eq_zero] #align orientation.oangle_eq_zero_iff_oangle_rev_eq_zero Orientation.oangle_eq_zero_iff_oangle_rev_eq_zero theorem oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = 0 ↔ SameRay ℝ x y := by rw [oangle, kahler_apply_apply, Complex.arg_coe_angle_eq_iff_eq_toReal, Real.Angle.toReal_zero, Complex.arg_eq_zero_iff] simpa using o.nonneg_inner_and_areaForm_eq_zero_iff_sameRay x y #align orientation.oangle_eq_zero_iff_same_ray Orientation.oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay theorem oangle_eq_pi_iff_oangle_rev_eq_pi {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = π ↔ o.oangle y x = π := by rw [oangle_rev, neg_eq_iff_eq_neg, Real.Angle.neg_coe_pi] #align orientation.oangle_eq_pi_iff_oangle_rev_eq_pi Orientation.oangle_eq_pi_iff_oangle_rev_eq_pi theorem oangle_eq_pi_iff_sameRay_neg {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = π ↔ x ≠ 0 ∧ y ≠ 0 ∧ SameRay ℝ x (-y) := by rw [← o.oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay] constructor · intro h by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx, Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero.symm] at h by_cases hy : y = 0; · simp [hy, Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero.symm] at h refine ⟨hx, hy, ?_⟩ rw [o.oangle_neg_right hx hy, h, Real.Angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi] · rintro ⟨hx, hy, h⟩ rwa [o.oangle_neg_right hx hy, ← Real.Angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi, sub_eq_zero] at h #align orientation.oangle_eq_pi_iff_same_ray_neg Orientation.oangle_eq_pi_iff_sameRay_neg theorem oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_not_linearIndependent {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = 0 ∨ o.oangle x y = π ↔ ¬LinearIndependent ℝ ![x, y] := by rw [oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay, oangle_eq_pi_iff_sameRay_neg, sameRay_or_ne_zero_and_sameRay_neg_iff_not_linearIndependent] #align orientation.oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_not_linear_independent Orientation.oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_not_linearIndependent theorem oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_right_eq_smul {x y : V} : o.oangle x y = 0 ∨ o.oangle x y = π ↔ x = 0 ∨ ∃ r : ℝ, y = r • x := by rw [oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay, oangle_eq_pi_iff_sameRay_neg] refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun h => ?_⟩ · rcases h with (h | ⟨-, -, h⟩) · by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] obtain ⟨r, -, rfl⟩ := h.exists_nonneg_left hx exact Or.inr ⟨r, rfl⟩ · by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] obtain ⟨r, -, hy⟩ := h.exists_nonneg_left hx refine Or.inr ⟨-r, ?_⟩ simp [hy] · rcases h with (rfl | ⟨r, rfl⟩); · simp by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] rcases lt_trichotomy r 0 with (hr | hr | hr) · rw [← neg_smul] exact Or.inr ⟨hx, smul_ne_zero hr.ne hx, SameRay.sameRay_pos_smul_right x (Left.neg_pos_iff.2 hr)⟩ · simp [hr] · exact Or.inl (SameRay.sameRay_pos_smul_right x hr) #align orientation.oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_right_eq_smul Orientation.oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_right_eq_smul theorem oangle_ne_zero_and_ne_pi_iff_linearIndependent {x y : V} : o.oangle x y ≠ 0 ∧ o.oangle x y ≠ π ↔ LinearIndependent ℝ ![x, y] := by rw [← not_or, ← not_iff_not, Classical.not_not, oangle_eq_zero_or_eq_pi_iff_not_linearIndependent] #align orientation.oangle_ne_zero_and_ne_pi_iff_linear_independent Orientation.oangle_ne_zero_and_ne_pi_iff_linearIndependent theorem eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero (x y : V) : x = y ↔ ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ ∧ o.oangle x y = 0 := by rw [oangle_eq_zero_iff_sameRay] constructor · rintro rfl simp; rfl · rcases eq_or_ne y 0 with (rfl | hy) · simp rintro ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ obtain ⟨r, hr, rfl⟩ := h₂.exists_nonneg_right hy have : ‖y‖ ≠ 0 := by simpa using hy obtain rfl : r = 1 := by apply mul_right_cancel₀ this simpa [norm_smul, _root_.abs_of_nonneg hr] using h₁ simp #align orientation.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero Orientation.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero theorem eq_iff_oangle_eq_zero_of_norm_eq {x y : V} (h : ‖x‖ = ‖y‖) : x = y ↔ o.oangle x y = 0 := ⟨fun he => ((o.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero x y).1 he).2, fun ha => (o.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero x y).2 ⟨h, ha⟩⟩ #align orientation.eq_iff_oangle_eq_zero_of_norm_eq Orientation.eq_iff_oangle_eq_zero_of_norm_eq theorem eq_iff_norm_eq_of_oangle_eq_zero {x y : V} (h : o.oangle x y = 0) : x = y ↔ ‖x‖ = ‖y‖ := ⟨fun he => ((o.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero x y).1 he).1, fun hn => (o.eq_iff_norm_eq_and_oangle_eq_zero x y).2 ⟨hn, h⟩⟩ #align orientation.eq_iff_norm_eq_of_oangle_eq_zero Orientation.eq_iff_norm_eq_of_oangle_eq_zero @[simp] theorem oangle_add {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle x y + o.oangle y z = o.oangle x z := by simp_rw [oangle] rw [← Complex.arg_mul_coe_angle, o.kahler_mul y x z] · congr 1 convert Complex.arg_real_mul _ (_ : 0 < ‖y‖ ^ 2) using 2 · norm_cast · have : 0 < ‖y‖ := by simpa using hy positivity · exact o.kahler_ne_zero hx hy · exact o.kahler_ne_zero hy hz #align orientation.oangle_add Orientation.oangle_add @[simp] theorem oangle_add_swap {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle y z + o.oangle x y = o.oangle x z := by rw [add_comm, o.oangle_add hx hy hz] #align orientation.oangle_add_swap Orientation.oangle_add_swap @[simp] theorem oangle_sub_left {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle x z - o.oangle x y = o.oangle y z := by rw [sub_eq_iff_eq_add, o.oangle_add_swap hx hy hz] #align orientation.oangle_sub_left Orientation.oangle_sub_left @[simp] theorem oangle_sub_right {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle x z - o.oangle y z = o.oangle x y := by rw [sub_eq_iff_eq_add, o.oangle_add hx hy hz] #align orientation.oangle_sub_right Orientation.oangle_sub_right @[simp] theorem oangle_add_cyc3 {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle x y + o.oangle y z + o.oangle z x = 0 := by simp [hx, hy, hz] #align orientation.oangle_add_cyc3 Orientation.oangle_add_cyc3 @[simp] theorem oangle_add_cyc3_neg_left {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle (-x) y + o.oangle (-y) z + o.oangle (-z) x = π := by rw [o.oangle_neg_left hx hy, o.oangle_neg_left hy hz, o.oangle_neg_left hz hx, show o.oangle x y + π + (o.oangle y z + π) + (o.oangle z x + π) = o.oangle x y + o.oangle y z + o.oangle z x + (π + π + π : Real.Angle) by abel, o.oangle_add_cyc3 hx hy hz, Real.Angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi, zero_add, zero_add] #align orientation.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_left Orientation.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_left @[simp] theorem oangle_add_cyc3_neg_right {x y z : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) : o.oangle x (-y) + o.oangle y (-z) + o.oangle z (-x) = π := by simp_rw [← oangle_neg_left_eq_neg_right, o.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_left hx hy hz] #align orientation.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_right Orientation.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_right theorem oangle_sub_eq_oangle_sub_rev_of_norm_eq {x y : V} (h : ‖x‖ = ‖y‖) : o.oangle x (x - y) = o.oangle (y - x) y := by simp [oangle, h] #align orientation.oangle_sub_eq_oangle_sub_rev_of_norm_eq Orientation.oangle_sub_eq_oangle_sub_rev_of_norm_eq theorem oangle_eq_pi_sub_two_zsmul_oangle_sub_of_norm_eq {x y : V} (hn : x ≠ y) (h : ‖x‖ = ‖y‖) : o.oangle y x = π - (2 : ℤ) • o.oangle (y - x) y := by rw [two_zsmul] nth_rw 1 [← o.oangle_sub_eq_oangle_sub_rev_of_norm_eq h] rw [eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← oangle_neg_neg, ← add_assoc] have hy : y ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl rw [norm_zero, norm_eq_zero] at h exact hn h have hx : x ≠ 0 := norm_ne_zero_iff.1 (h.symm ▸ norm_ne_zero_iff.2 hy) convert o.oangle_add_cyc3_neg_right (neg_ne_zero.2 hy) hx (sub_ne_zero_of_ne hn.symm) using 1 simp #align orientation.oangle_eq_pi_sub_two_zsmul_oangle_sub_of_norm_eq Orientation.oangle_eq_pi_sub_two_zsmul_oangle_sub_of_norm_eq @[simp] theorem oangle_map (x y : V') (f : V ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] V') : (Orientation.map (Fin 2) f.toLinearEquiv o).oangle x y = o.oangle (f.symm x) (f.symm y) := by simp [oangle, o.kahler_map] #align orientation.oangle_map Orientation.oangle_map @[simp] protected theorem _root_.Complex.oangle (w z : ℂ) : Complex.orientation.oangle w z = Complex.arg (conj w * z) := by simp [oangle] #align complex.oangle Complex.oangle theorem oangle_map_complex (f : V ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] ℂ) (hf : Orientation.map (Fin 2) f.toLinearEquiv o = Complex.orientation) (x y : V) : o.oangle x y = Complex.arg (conj (f x) * f y) := by rw [← Complex.oangle, ← hf, o.oangle_map] iterate 2 rw [LinearIsometryEquiv.symm_apply_apply] #align orientation.oangle_map_complex Orientation.oangle_map_complex theorem oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg (x y : V) : (-o).oangle x y = -o.oangle x y := by simp [oangle] #align orientation.oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg Orientation.oangle_neg_orientation_eq_neg theorem inner_eq_norm_mul_norm_mul_cos_oangle (x y : V) : ⟪x, y⟫ = ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ * Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x y) := by by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] by_cases hy : y = 0; · simp [hy] have : ‖x‖ ≠ 0 := by simpa using hx have : ‖y‖ ≠ 0 := by simpa using hy rw [oangle, Real.Angle.cos_coe, Complex.cos_arg, o.abs_kahler] · simp only [kahler_apply_apply, real_smul, add_re, ofReal_re, mul_re, I_re, ofReal_im] field_simp · exact o.kahler_ne_zero hx hy #align orientation.inner_eq_norm_mul_norm_mul_cos_oangle Orientation.inner_eq_norm_mul_norm_mul_cos_oangle theorem cos_oangle_eq_inner_div_norm_mul_norm {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x y) = ⟪x, y⟫ / (‖x‖ * ‖y‖) := by rw [o.inner_eq_norm_mul_norm_mul_cos_oangle] field_simp [norm_ne_zero_iff.2 hx, norm_ne_zero_iff.2 hy] #align orientation.cos_oangle_eq_inner_div_norm_mul_norm Orientation.cos_oangle_eq_inner_div_norm_mul_norm theorem cos_oangle_eq_cos_angle {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : Real.Angle.cos (o.oangle x y) = Real.cos (InnerProductGeometry.angle x y) := by rw [o.cos_oangle_eq_inner_div_norm_mul_norm hx hy, InnerProductGeometry.cos_angle] #align orientation.cos_oangle_eq_cos_angle Orientation.cos_oangle_eq_cos_angle theorem oangle_eq_angle_or_eq_neg_angle {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : o.oangle x y = InnerProductGeometry.angle x y ∨ o.oangle x y = -InnerProductGeometry.angle x y := Real.Angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg.1 <| o.cos_oangle_eq_cos_angle hx hy #align orientation.oangle_eq_angle_or_eq_neg_angle Orientation.oangle_eq_angle_or_eq_neg_angle theorem angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal {x y : V} (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : InnerProductGeometry.angle x y = |(o.oangle x y).toReal| := by have h0 := InnerProductGeometry.angle_nonneg x y have hpi := InnerProductGeometry.angle_le_pi x y rcases o.oangle_eq_angle_or_eq_neg_angle hx hy with (h | h) · rw [h, eq_comm, Real.Angle.abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨h0, hpi⟩ · rw [h, eq_comm, Real.Angle.abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨h0, hpi⟩ #align orientation.angle_eq_abs_oangle_to_real Orientation.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal theorem eq_zero_or_angle_eq_zero_or_pi_of_sign_oangle_eq_zero {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = 0) : x = 0 ∨ y = 0 ∨ InnerProductGeometry.angle x y = 0 ∨ InnerProductGeometry.angle x y = π := by by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] by_cases hy : y = 0; · simp [hy] rw [o.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal hx hy] rw [Real.Angle.sign_eq_zero_iff] at h rcases h with (h | h) <;> simp [h, Real.pi_pos.le] #align orientation.eq_zero_or_angle_eq_zero_or_pi_of_sign_oangle_eq_zero Orientation.eq_zero_or_angle_eq_zero_or_pi_of_sign_oangle_eq_zero theorem oangle_eq_of_angle_eq_of_sign_eq {w x y z : V} (h : InnerProductGeometry.angle w x = InnerProductGeometry.angle y z) (hs : (o.oangle w x).sign = (o.oangle y z).sign) : o.oangle w x = o.oangle y z := by by_cases h0 : (w = 0 ∨ x = 0) ∨ y = 0 ∨ z = 0 · have hs' : (o.oangle w x).sign = 0 ∧ (o.oangle y z).sign = 0 := by rcases h0 with ((rfl | rfl) | rfl | rfl) · simpa using hs.symm · simpa using hs.symm · simpa using hs · simpa using hs rcases hs' with ⟨hswx, hsyz⟩ have h' : InnerProductGeometry.angle w x = π / 2 ∧ InnerProductGeometry.angle y z = π / 2 := by rcases h0 with ((rfl | rfl) | rfl | rfl) · simpa using h.symm · simpa using h.symm · simpa using h · simpa using h rcases h' with ⟨hwx, hyz⟩ have hpi : π / 2 ≠ π := by intro hpi rw [div_eq_iff, eq_comm, ← sub_eq_zero, mul_two, add_sub_cancel_right] at hpi · exact Real.pi_pos.ne.symm hpi · exact two_ne_zero have h0wx : w = 0 ∨ x = 0 := by have h0' := o.eq_zero_or_angle_eq_zero_or_pi_of_sign_oangle_eq_zero hswx simpa [hwx, Real.pi_pos.ne.symm, hpi] using h0' have h0yz : y = 0 ∨ z = 0 := by have h0' := o.eq_zero_or_angle_eq_zero_or_pi_of_sign_oangle_eq_zero hsyz simpa [hyz, Real.pi_pos.ne.symm, hpi] using h0' rcases h0wx with (h0wx | h0wx) <;> rcases h0yz with (h0yz | h0yz) <;> simp [h0wx, h0yz] · push_neg at h0 rw [Real.Angle.eq_iff_abs_toReal_eq_of_sign_eq hs] rwa [o.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal h0.1.1 h0.1.2, o.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal h0.2.1 h0.2.2] at h #align orientation.oangle_eq_of_angle_eq_of_sign_eq Orientation.oangle_eq_of_angle_eq_of_sign_eq theorem angle_eq_iff_oangle_eq_of_sign_eq {w x y z : V} (hw : w ≠ 0) (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) (hz : z ≠ 0) (hs : (o.oangle w x).sign = (o.oangle y z).sign) : InnerProductGeometry.angle w x = InnerProductGeometry.angle y z ↔ o.oangle w x = o.oangle y z := by refine ⟨fun h => o.oangle_eq_of_angle_eq_of_sign_eq h hs, fun h => ?_⟩ rw [o.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal hw hx, o.angle_eq_abs_oangle_toReal hy hz, h] #align orientation.angle_eq_iff_oangle_eq_of_sign_eq Orientation.angle_eq_iff_oangle_eq_of_sign_eq
Mathlib/Geometry/Euclidean/Angle/Oriented/Basic.lean
730
738
theorem oangle_eq_angle_of_sign_eq_one {x y : V} (h : (o.oangle x y).sign = 1) : o.oangle x y = InnerProductGeometry.angle x y := by
by_cases hx : x = 0; · exfalso; simp [hx] at h by_cases hy : y = 0; · exfalso; simp [hy] at h refine (o.oangle_eq_angle_or_eq_neg_angle hx hy).resolve_right ?_ intro hxy rw [hxy, Real.Angle.sign_neg, neg_eq_iff_eq_neg, ← SignType.neg_iff, ← not_le] at h exact h (Real.Angle.sign_coe_nonneg_of_nonneg_of_le_pi (InnerProductGeometry.angle_nonneg _ _) (InnerProductGeometry.angle_le_pi _ _))
import Mathlib.Data.ZMod.Quotient import Mathlib.GroupTheory.NoncommPiCoprod import Mathlib.GroupTheory.OrderOfElement import Mathlib.Algebra.GCDMonoid.Finset import Mathlib.Algebra.GCDMonoid.Nat import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Factorization.Basic import Mathlib.Tactic.ByContra import Mathlib.Tactic.Peel #align_import group_theory.exponent from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"52fa514ec337dd970d71d8de8d0fd68b455a1e54" universe u variable {G : Type u} open scoped Classical namespace Monoid section Monoid variable (G) [Monoid G] @[to_additive "A predicate on an additive monoid saying that there is a positive integer `n` such\n that `n • g = 0` for all `g`."] def ExponentExists := ∃ n, 0 < n ∧ ∀ g : G, g ^ n = 1 #align monoid.exponent_exists Monoid.ExponentExists #align add_monoid.exponent_exists AddMonoid.ExponentExists @[to_additive "The exponent of an additive group is the smallest positive integer `n` such that\n `n • g = 0` for all `g ∈ G` if it exists, otherwise it is zero by convention."] noncomputable def exponent := if h : ExponentExists G then Nat.find h else 0 #align monoid.exponent Monoid.exponent #align add_monoid.exponent AddMonoid.exponent variable {G} @[simp] theorem _root_.AddMonoid.exponent_additive : AddMonoid.exponent (Additive G) = exponent G := rfl @[simp] theorem exponent_multiplicative {G : Type*} [AddMonoid G] : exponent (Multiplicative G) = AddMonoid.exponent G := rfl open MulOpposite in @[to_additive (attr := simp)] theorem _root_.MulOpposite.exponent : exponent (MulOpposite G) = exponent G := by simp only [Monoid.exponent, ExponentExists] congr! all_goals exact ⟨(op_injective <| · <| op ·), (unop_injective <| · <| unop ·)⟩ @[to_additive] theorem ExponentExists.isOfFinOrder (h : ExponentExists G) {g : G} : IsOfFinOrder g := isOfFinOrder_iff_pow_eq_one.mpr <| by peel 2 h; exact this g @[to_additive] theorem ExponentExists.orderOf_pos (h : ExponentExists G) (g : G) : 0 < orderOf g := h.isOfFinOrder.orderOf_pos @[to_additive]
Mathlib/GroupTheory/Exponent.lean
108
113
theorem exponent_ne_zero : exponent G ≠ 0 ↔ ExponentExists G := by
rw [exponent] split_ifs with h · simp [h, @not_lt_zero' ℕ] --if this isn't done this way, `to_additive` freaks · tauto
import Mathlib.Algebra.DirectSum.Internal import Mathlib.Algebra.GradedMonoid import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.CommRing import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Equiv import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.Variables import Mathlib.RingTheory.MvPolynomial.WeightedHomogeneous import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Roots #align_import ring_theory.mv_polynomial.homogeneous from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2f5b500a507264de86d666a5f87ddb976e2d8de4" namespace MvPolynomial variable {σ : Type*} {τ : Type*} {R : Type*} {S : Type*} def degree (d : σ →₀ ℕ) := ∑ i ∈ d.support, d i theorem weightedDegree_one (d : σ →₀ ℕ) : weightedDegree 1 d = degree d := by simp [weightedDegree, degree, Finsupp.total, Finsupp.sum] def IsHomogeneous [CommSemiring R] (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) (n : ℕ) := IsWeightedHomogeneous 1 φ n #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous variable [CommSemiring R] theorem weightedTotalDegree_one (φ : MvPolynomial σ R) : weightedTotalDegree (1 : σ → ℕ) φ = φ.totalDegree := by simp only [totalDegree, weightedTotalDegree, weightedDegree, LinearMap.toAddMonoidHom_coe, Finsupp.total, Pi.one_apply, Finsupp.coe_lsum, LinearMap.coe_smulRight, LinearMap.id_coe, id, Algebra.id.smul_eq_mul, mul_one] variable (σ R) def homogeneousSubmodule (n : ℕ) : Submodule R (MvPolynomial σ R) where carrier := { x | x.IsHomogeneous n } smul_mem' r a ha c hc := by rw [coeff_smul] at hc apply ha intro h apply hc rw [h] exact smul_zero r zero_mem' d hd := False.elim (hd <| coeff_zero _) add_mem' {a b} ha hb c hc := by rw [coeff_add] at hc obtain h | h : coeff c a ≠ 0 ∨ coeff c b ≠ 0 := by contrapose! hc simp only [hc, add_zero] · exact ha h · exact hb h #align mv_polynomial.homogeneous_submodule MvPolynomial.homogeneousSubmodule @[simp] lemma weightedHomogeneousSubmodule_one (n : ℕ) : weightedHomogeneousSubmodule R 1 n = homogeneousSubmodule σ R n := rfl variable {σ R} @[simp] theorem mem_homogeneousSubmodule [CommSemiring R] (n : ℕ) (p : MvPolynomial σ R) : p ∈ homogeneousSubmodule σ R n ↔ p.IsHomogeneous n := Iff.rfl #align mv_polynomial.mem_homogeneous_submodule MvPolynomial.mem_homogeneousSubmodule variable (σ R) theorem homogeneousSubmodule_eq_finsupp_supported [CommSemiring R] (n : ℕ) : homogeneousSubmodule σ R n = Finsupp.supported _ R { d | degree d = n } := by simp_rw [← weightedDegree_one] exact weightedHomogeneousSubmodule_eq_finsupp_supported R 1 n #align mv_polynomial.homogeneous_submodule_eq_finsupp_supported MvPolynomial.homogeneousSubmodule_eq_finsupp_supported variable {σ R} theorem homogeneousSubmodule_mul [CommSemiring R] (m n : ℕ) : homogeneousSubmodule σ R m * homogeneousSubmodule σ R n ≤ homogeneousSubmodule σ R (m + n) := weightedHomogeneousSubmodule_mul 1 m n #align mv_polynomial.homogeneous_submodule_mul MvPolynomial.homogeneousSubmodule_mul section variable [CommSemiring R] theorem isHomogeneous_monomial {d : σ →₀ ℕ} (r : R) {n : ℕ} (hn : degree d = n) : IsHomogeneous (monomial d r) n := by simp_rw [← weightedDegree_one] at hn exact isWeightedHomogeneous_monomial 1 d r hn #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_monomial MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_monomial variable (σ) theorem totalDegree_zero_iff_isHomogeneous {p : MvPolynomial σ R} : p.totalDegree = 0 ↔ IsHomogeneous p 0 := by rw [← weightedTotalDegree_one, ← isWeightedHomogeneous_zero_iff_weightedTotalDegree_eq_zero, IsHomogeneous] alias ⟨isHomogeneous_of_totalDegree_zero, _⟩ := totalDegree_zero_iff_isHomogeneous #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_of_total_degree_zero MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_of_totalDegree_zero theorem isHomogeneous_C (r : R) : IsHomogeneous (C r : MvPolynomial σ R) 0 := by apply isHomogeneous_monomial simp only [degree, Finsupp.zero_apply, Finset.sum_const_zero] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_C MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_C variable (R) theorem isHomogeneous_zero (n : ℕ) : IsHomogeneous (0 : MvPolynomial σ R) n := (homogeneousSubmodule σ R n).zero_mem #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_zero MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_zero theorem isHomogeneous_one : IsHomogeneous (1 : MvPolynomial σ R) 0 := isHomogeneous_C _ _ #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_one MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_one variable {σ} theorem isHomogeneous_X (i : σ) : IsHomogeneous (X i : MvPolynomial σ R) 1 := by apply isHomogeneous_monomial rw [degree, Finsupp.support_single_ne_zero _ one_ne_zero, Finset.sum_singleton] exact Finsupp.single_eq_same set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous_X MvPolynomial.isHomogeneous_X end namespace IsHomogeneous variable [CommSemiring R] [CommSemiring S] {φ ψ : MvPolynomial σ R} {m n : ℕ} theorem coeff_eq_zero (hφ : IsHomogeneous φ n) {d : σ →₀ ℕ} (hd : degree d ≠ n) : coeff d φ = 0 := by simp_rw [← weightedDegree_one] at hd exact IsWeightedHomogeneous.coeff_eq_zero hφ d hd #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous.coeff_eq_zero MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous.coeff_eq_zero theorem inj_right (hm : IsHomogeneous φ m) (hn : IsHomogeneous φ n) (hφ : φ ≠ 0) : m = n := by obtain ⟨d, hd⟩ : ∃ d, coeff d φ ≠ 0 := exists_coeff_ne_zero hφ rw [← hm hd, ← hn hd] #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous.inj_right MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous.inj_right theorem add (hφ : IsHomogeneous φ n) (hψ : IsHomogeneous ψ n) : IsHomogeneous (φ + ψ) n := (homogeneousSubmodule σ R n).add_mem hφ hψ #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous.add MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous.add theorem sum {ι : Type*} (s : Finset ι) (φ : ι → MvPolynomial σ R) (n : ℕ) (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsHomogeneous (φ i) n) : IsHomogeneous (∑ i ∈ s, φ i) n := (homogeneousSubmodule σ R n).sum_mem h #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous.sum MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous.sum theorem mul (hφ : IsHomogeneous φ m) (hψ : IsHomogeneous ψ n) : IsHomogeneous (φ * ψ) (m + n) := homogeneousSubmodule_mul m n <| Submodule.mul_mem_mul hφ hψ #align mv_polynomial.is_homogeneous.mul MvPolynomial.IsHomogeneous.mul
Mathlib/RingTheory/MvPolynomial/Homogeneous.lean
187
198
theorem prod {ι : Type*} (s : Finset ι) (φ : ι → MvPolynomial σ R) (n : ι → ℕ) (h : ∀ i ∈ s, IsHomogeneous (φ i) (n i)) : IsHomogeneous (∏ i ∈ s, φ i) (∑ i ∈ s, n i) := by
classical revert h refine Finset.induction_on s ?_ ?_ · intro simp only [isHomogeneous_one, Finset.sum_empty, Finset.prod_empty] · intro i s his IH h simp only [his, Finset.prod_insert, Finset.sum_insert, not_false_iff] apply (h i (Finset.mem_insert_self _ _)).mul (IH _) intro j hjs exact h j (Finset.mem_insert_of_mem hjs)
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.MeasureSpace import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Regular import Mathlib.Topology.Sets.Compacts #align_import measure_theory.measure.content from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d39590fc8728fbf6743249802486f8c91ffe07bc" universe u v w noncomputable section open Set TopologicalSpace open NNReal ENNReal MeasureTheory namespace MeasureTheory variable {G : Type w} [TopologicalSpace G] structure Content (G : Type w) [TopologicalSpace G] where toFun : Compacts G → ℝ≥0 mono' : ∀ K₁ K₂ : Compacts G, (K₁ : Set G) ⊆ K₂ → toFun K₁ ≤ toFun K₂ sup_disjoint' : ∀ K₁ K₂ : Compacts G, Disjoint (K₁ : Set G) K₂ → IsClosed (K₁ : Set G) → IsClosed (K₂ : Set G) → toFun (K₁ ⊔ K₂) = toFun K₁ + toFun K₂ sup_le' : ∀ K₁ K₂ : Compacts G, toFun (K₁ ⊔ K₂) ≤ toFun K₁ + toFun K₂ #align measure_theory.content MeasureTheory.Content instance : Inhabited (Content G) := ⟨{ toFun := fun _ => 0 mono' := by simp sup_disjoint' := by simp sup_le' := by simp }⟩ instance : CoeFun (Content G) fun _ => Compacts G → ℝ≥0∞ := ⟨fun μ s => μ.toFun s⟩ namespace Content variable (μ : Content G) theorem apply_eq_coe_toFun (K : Compacts G) : μ K = μ.toFun K := rfl #align measure_theory.content.apply_eq_coe_to_fun MeasureTheory.Content.apply_eq_coe_toFun
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Measure/Content.lean
98
99
theorem mono (K₁ K₂ : Compacts G) (h : (K₁ : Set G) ⊆ K₂) : μ K₁ ≤ μ K₂ := by
simp [apply_eq_coe_toFun, μ.mono' _ _ h]
import Mathlib.FieldTheory.SplittingField.IsSplittingField import Mathlib.Algebra.CharP.Algebra #align_import field_theory.splitting_field.construction from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e3f4be1fcb5376c4948d7f095bec45350bfb9d1a" noncomputable section open scoped Classical Polynomial universe u v w variable {F : Type u} {K : Type v} {L : Type w} namespace Polynomial variable [Field K] [Field L] [Field F] open Polynomial section SplittingField def factor (f : K[X]) : K[X] := if H : ∃ g, Irreducible g ∧ g ∣ f then Classical.choose H else X #align polynomial.factor Polynomial.factor theorem irreducible_factor (f : K[X]) : Irreducible (factor f) := by rw [factor] split_ifs with H · exact (Classical.choose_spec H).1 · exact irreducible_X #align polynomial.irreducible_factor Polynomial.irreducible_factor theorem fact_irreducible_factor (f : K[X]) : Fact (Irreducible (factor f)) := ⟨irreducible_factor f⟩ #align polynomial.fact_irreducible_factor Polynomial.fact_irreducible_factor attribute [local instance] fact_irreducible_factor theorem factor_dvd_of_not_isUnit {f : K[X]} (hf1 : ¬IsUnit f) : factor f ∣ f := by by_cases hf2 : f = 0; · rw [hf2]; exact dvd_zero _ rw [factor, dif_pos (WfDvdMonoid.exists_irreducible_factor hf1 hf2)] exact (Classical.choose_spec <| WfDvdMonoid.exists_irreducible_factor hf1 hf2).2 #align polynomial.factor_dvd_of_not_is_unit Polynomial.factor_dvd_of_not_isUnit theorem factor_dvd_of_degree_ne_zero {f : K[X]} (hf : f.degree ≠ 0) : factor f ∣ f := factor_dvd_of_not_isUnit (mt degree_eq_zero_of_isUnit hf) #align polynomial.factor_dvd_of_degree_ne_zero Polynomial.factor_dvd_of_degree_ne_zero theorem factor_dvd_of_natDegree_ne_zero {f : K[X]} (hf : f.natDegree ≠ 0) : factor f ∣ f := factor_dvd_of_degree_ne_zero (mt natDegree_eq_of_degree_eq_some hf) #align polynomial.factor_dvd_of_nat_degree_ne_zero Polynomial.factor_dvd_of_natDegree_ne_zero def removeFactor (f : K[X]) : Polynomial (AdjoinRoot <| factor f) := map (AdjoinRoot.of f.factor) f /ₘ (X - C (AdjoinRoot.root f.factor)) #align polynomial.remove_factor Polynomial.removeFactor
Mathlib/FieldTheory/SplittingField/Construction.lean
88
93
theorem X_sub_C_mul_removeFactor (f : K[X]) (hf : f.natDegree ≠ 0) : (X - C (AdjoinRoot.root f.factor)) * f.removeFactor = map (AdjoinRoot.of f.factor) f := by
let ⟨g, hg⟩ := factor_dvd_of_natDegree_ne_zero hf apply (mul_divByMonic_eq_iff_isRoot (R := AdjoinRoot f.factor) (a := AdjoinRoot.root f.factor)).mpr rw [IsRoot.def, eval_map, hg, eval₂_mul, ← hg, AdjoinRoot.eval₂_root, zero_mul]
namespace Nat @[reducible] def Coprime (m n : Nat) : Prop := gcd m n = 1 instance (m n : Nat) : Decidable (Coprime m n) := inferInstanceAs (Decidable (_ = 1)) theorem coprime_iff_gcd_eq_one : Coprime m n ↔ gcd m n = 1 := .rfl theorem Coprime.gcd_eq_one : Coprime m n → gcd m n = 1 := id theorem Coprime.symm : Coprime n m → Coprime m n := (gcd_comm m n).trans theorem coprime_comm : Coprime n m ↔ Coprime m n := ⟨Coprime.symm, Coprime.symm⟩ theorem Coprime.dvd_of_dvd_mul_right (H1 : Coprime k n) (H2 : k ∣ m * n) : k ∣ m := by let t := dvd_gcd (Nat.dvd_mul_left k m) H2 rwa [gcd_mul_left, H1.gcd_eq_one, Nat.mul_one] at t theorem Coprime.dvd_of_dvd_mul_left (H1 : Coprime k m) (H2 : k ∣ m * n) : k ∣ n := H1.dvd_of_dvd_mul_right (by rwa [Nat.mul_comm]) theorem Coprime.gcd_mul_left_cancel (m : Nat) (H : Coprime k n) : gcd (k * m) n = gcd m n := have H1 : Coprime (gcd (k * m) n) k := by rw [Coprime, Nat.gcd_assoc, H.symm.gcd_eq_one, gcd_one_right] Nat.dvd_antisymm (dvd_gcd (H1.dvd_of_dvd_mul_left (gcd_dvd_left _ _)) (gcd_dvd_right _ _)) (gcd_dvd_gcd_mul_left _ _ _) theorem Coprime.gcd_mul_right_cancel (m : Nat) (H : Coprime k n) : gcd (m * k) n = gcd m n := by rw [Nat.mul_comm m k, H.gcd_mul_left_cancel m] theorem Coprime.gcd_mul_left_cancel_right (n : Nat) (H : Coprime k m) : gcd m (k * n) = gcd m n := by rw [gcd_comm m n, gcd_comm m (k * n), H.gcd_mul_left_cancel n]
.lake/packages/batteries/Batteries/Data/Nat/Gcd.lean
53
55
theorem Coprime.gcd_mul_right_cancel_right (n : Nat) (H : Coprime k m) : gcd m (n * k) = gcd m n := by
rw [Nat.mul_comm n k, H.gcd_mul_left_cancel_right n]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Equiv.Basic import Mathlib.Data.ENat.Lattice import Mathlib.Data.Part import Mathlib.Tactic.NormNum #align_import data.nat.part_enat from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3ff3f2d6a3118b8711063de7111a0d77a53219a8" open Part hiding some def PartENat : Type := Part ℕ #align part_enat PartENat namespace PartENat @[coe] def some : ℕ → PartENat := Part.some #align part_enat.some PartENat.some instance : Zero PartENat := ⟨some 0⟩ instance : Inhabited PartENat := ⟨0⟩ instance : One PartENat := ⟨some 1⟩ instance : Add PartENat := ⟨fun x y => ⟨x.Dom ∧ y.Dom, fun h => get x h.1 + get y h.2⟩⟩ instance (n : ℕ) : Decidable (some n).Dom := isTrue trivial @[simp] theorem dom_some (x : ℕ) : (some x).Dom := trivial #align part_enat.dom_some PartENat.dom_some instance addCommMonoid : AddCommMonoid PartENat where add := (· + ·) zero := 0 add_comm x y := Part.ext' and_comm fun _ _ => add_comm _ _ zero_add x := Part.ext' (true_and_iff _) fun _ _ => zero_add _ add_zero x := Part.ext' (and_true_iff _) fun _ _ => add_zero _ add_assoc x y z := Part.ext' and_assoc fun _ _ => add_assoc _ _ _ nsmul := nsmulRec instance : AddCommMonoidWithOne PartENat := { PartENat.addCommMonoid with one := 1 natCast := some natCast_zero := rfl natCast_succ := fun _ => Part.ext' (true_and_iff _).symm fun _ _ => rfl } theorem some_eq_natCast (n : ℕ) : some n = n := rfl #align part_enat.some_eq_coe PartENat.some_eq_natCast instance : CharZero PartENat where cast_injective := Part.some_injective theorem natCast_inj {x y : ℕ} : (x : PartENat) = y ↔ x = y := Nat.cast_inj #align part_enat.coe_inj PartENat.natCast_inj @[simp] theorem dom_natCast (x : ℕ) : (x : PartENat).Dom := trivial #align part_enat.dom_coe PartENat.dom_natCast -- See note [no_index around OfNat.ofNat] @[simp] theorem dom_ofNat (x : ℕ) [x.AtLeastTwo] : (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x : PartENat)).Dom := trivial @[simp] theorem dom_zero : (0 : PartENat).Dom := trivial @[simp] theorem dom_one : (1 : PartENat).Dom := trivial instance : CanLift PartENat ℕ (↑) Dom := ⟨fun n hn => ⟨n.get hn, Part.some_get _⟩⟩ instance : LE PartENat := ⟨fun x y => ∃ h : y.Dom → x.Dom, ∀ hy : y.Dom, x.get (h hy) ≤ y.get hy⟩ instance : Top PartENat := ⟨none⟩ instance : Bot PartENat := ⟨0⟩ instance : Sup PartENat := ⟨fun x y => ⟨x.Dom ∧ y.Dom, fun h => x.get h.1 ⊔ y.get h.2⟩⟩ theorem le_def (x y : PartENat) : x ≤ y ↔ ∃ h : y.Dom → x.Dom, ∀ hy : y.Dom, x.get (h hy) ≤ y.get hy := Iff.rfl #align part_enat.le_def PartENat.le_def @[elab_as_elim] protected theorem casesOn' {P : PartENat → Prop} : ∀ a : PartENat, P ⊤ → (∀ n : ℕ, P (some n)) → P a := Part.induction_on #align part_enat.cases_on' PartENat.casesOn' @[elab_as_elim] protected theorem casesOn {P : PartENat → Prop} : ∀ a : PartENat, P ⊤ → (∀ n : ℕ, P n) → P a := by exact PartENat.casesOn' #align part_enat.cases_on PartENat.casesOn -- not a simp lemma as we will provide a `LinearOrderedAddCommMonoidWithTop` instance later theorem top_add (x : PartENat) : ⊤ + x = ⊤ := Part.ext' (false_and_iff _) fun h => h.left.elim #align part_enat.top_add PartENat.top_add -- not a simp lemma as we will provide a `LinearOrderedAddCommMonoidWithTop` instance later theorem add_top (x : PartENat) : x + ⊤ = ⊤ := by rw [add_comm, top_add] #align part_enat.add_top PartENat.add_top @[simp] theorem natCast_get {x : PartENat} (h : x.Dom) : (x.get h : PartENat) = x := by exact Part.ext' (iff_of_true trivial h) fun _ _ => rfl #align part_enat.coe_get PartENat.natCast_get @[simp, norm_cast] theorem get_natCast' (x : ℕ) (h : (x : PartENat).Dom) : get (x : PartENat) h = x := by rw [← natCast_inj, natCast_get] #align part_enat.get_coe' PartENat.get_natCast' theorem get_natCast {x : ℕ} : get (x : PartENat) (dom_natCast x) = x := get_natCast' _ _ #align part_enat.get_coe PartENat.get_natCast theorem coe_add_get {x : ℕ} {y : PartENat} (h : ((x : PartENat) + y).Dom) : get ((x : PartENat) + y) h = x + get y h.2 := by rfl #align part_enat.coe_add_get PartENat.coe_add_get @[simp] theorem get_add {x y : PartENat} (h : (x + y).Dom) : get (x + y) h = x.get h.1 + y.get h.2 := rfl #align part_enat.get_add PartENat.get_add @[simp] theorem get_zero (h : (0 : PartENat).Dom) : (0 : PartENat).get h = 0 := rfl #align part_enat.get_zero PartENat.get_zero @[simp] theorem get_one (h : (1 : PartENat).Dom) : (1 : PartENat).get h = 1 := rfl #align part_enat.get_one PartENat.get_one -- See note [no_index around OfNat.ofNat] @[simp] theorem get_ofNat' (x : ℕ) [x.AtLeastTwo] (h : (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x : PartENat)).Dom) : Part.get (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x : PartENat)) h = (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x)) := get_natCast' x h nonrec theorem get_eq_iff_eq_some {a : PartENat} {ha : a.Dom} {b : ℕ} : a.get ha = b ↔ a = some b := get_eq_iff_eq_some #align part_enat.get_eq_iff_eq_some PartENat.get_eq_iff_eq_some theorem get_eq_iff_eq_coe {a : PartENat} {ha : a.Dom} {b : ℕ} : a.get ha = b ↔ a = b := by rw [get_eq_iff_eq_some] rfl #align part_enat.get_eq_iff_eq_coe PartENat.get_eq_iff_eq_coe theorem dom_of_le_of_dom {x y : PartENat} : x ≤ y → y.Dom → x.Dom := fun ⟨h, _⟩ => h #align part_enat.dom_of_le_of_dom PartENat.dom_of_le_of_dom theorem dom_of_le_some {x : PartENat} {y : ℕ} (h : x ≤ some y) : x.Dom := dom_of_le_of_dom h trivial #align part_enat.dom_of_le_some PartENat.dom_of_le_some theorem dom_of_le_natCast {x : PartENat} {y : ℕ} (h : x ≤ y) : x.Dom := by exact dom_of_le_some h #align part_enat.dom_of_le_coe PartENat.dom_of_le_natCast instance decidableLe (x y : PartENat) [Decidable x.Dom] [Decidable y.Dom] : Decidable (x ≤ y) := if hx : x.Dom then decidable_of_decidable_of_iff (by rw [le_def]) else if hy : y.Dom then isFalse fun h => hx <| dom_of_le_of_dom h hy else isTrue ⟨fun h => (hy h).elim, fun h => (hy h).elim⟩ #align part_enat.decidable_le PartENat.decidableLe -- Porting note: Removed. Use `Nat.castAddMonoidHom` instead. #noalign part_enat.coe_hom #noalign part_enat.coe_coe_hom instance partialOrder : PartialOrder PartENat where le := (· ≤ ·) le_refl _ := ⟨id, fun _ => le_rfl⟩ le_trans := fun _ _ _ ⟨hxy₁, hxy₂⟩ ⟨hyz₁, hyz₂⟩ => ⟨hxy₁ ∘ hyz₁, fun _ => le_trans (hxy₂ _) (hyz₂ _)⟩ lt_iff_le_not_le _ _ := Iff.rfl le_antisymm := fun _ _ ⟨hxy₁, hxy₂⟩ ⟨hyx₁, hyx₂⟩ => Part.ext' ⟨hyx₁, hxy₁⟩ fun _ _ => le_antisymm (hxy₂ _) (hyx₂ _) theorem lt_def (x y : PartENat) : x < y ↔ ∃ hx : x.Dom, ∀ hy : y.Dom, x.get hx < y.get hy := by rw [lt_iff_le_not_le, le_def, le_def, not_exists] constructor · rintro ⟨⟨hyx, H⟩, h⟩ by_cases hx : x.Dom · use hx intro hy specialize H hy specialize h fun _ => hy rw [not_forall] at h cases' h with hx' h rw [not_le] at h exact h · specialize h fun hx' => (hx hx').elim rw [not_forall] at h cases' h with hx' h exact (hx hx').elim · rintro ⟨hx, H⟩ exact ⟨⟨fun _ => hx, fun hy => (H hy).le⟩, fun hxy h => not_lt_of_le (h _) (H _)⟩ #align part_enat.lt_def PartENat.lt_def noncomputable instance orderedAddCommMonoid : OrderedAddCommMonoid PartENat := { PartENat.partialOrder, PartENat.addCommMonoid with add_le_add_left := fun a b ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ c => PartENat.casesOn c (by simp [top_add]) fun c => ⟨fun h => And.intro (dom_natCast _) (h₁ h.2), fun h => by simpa only [coe_add_get] using add_le_add_left (h₂ _) c⟩ } instance semilatticeSup : SemilatticeSup PartENat := { PartENat.partialOrder with sup := (· ⊔ ·) le_sup_left := fun _ _ => ⟨And.left, fun _ => le_sup_left⟩ le_sup_right := fun _ _ => ⟨And.right, fun _ => le_sup_right⟩ sup_le := fun _ _ _ ⟨hx₁, hx₂⟩ ⟨hy₁, hy₂⟩ => ⟨fun hz => ⟨hx₁ hz, hy₁ hz⟩, fun _ => sup_le (hx₂ _) (hy₂ _)⟩ } #align part_enat.semilattice_sup PartENat.semilatticeSup instance orderBot : OrderBot PartENat where bot := ⊥ bot_le _ := ⟨fun _ => trivial, fun _ => Nat.zero_le _⟩ #align part_enat.order_bot PartENat.orderBot instance orderTop : OrderTop PartENat where top := ⊤ le_top _ := ⟨fun h => False.elim h, fun hy => False.elim hy⟩ #align part_enat.order_top PartENat.orderTop instance : ZeroLEOneClass PartENat where zero_le_one := bot_le theorem coe_le_coe {x y : ℕ} : (x : PartENat) ≤ y ↔ x ≤ y := Nat.cast_le #align part_enat.coe_le_coe PartENat.coe_le_coe theorem coe_lt_coe {x y : ℕ} : (x : PartENat) < y ↔ x < y := Nat.cast_lt #align part_enat.coe_lt_coe PartENat.coe_lt_coe @[simp] theorem get_le_get {x y : PartENat} {hx : x.Dom} {hy : y.Dom} : x.get hx ≤ y.get hy ↔ x ≤ y := by conv => lhs rw [← coe_le_coe, natCast_get, natCast_get] #align part_enat.get_le_get PartENat.get_le_get theorem le_coe_iff (x : PartENat) (n : ℕ) : x ≤ n ↔ ∃ h : x.Dom, x.get h ≤ n := by show (∃ h : True → x.Dom, _) ↔ ∃ h : x.Dom, x.get h ≤ n simp only [forall_prop_of_true, dom_natCast, get_natCast'] #align part_enat.le_coe_iff PartENat.le_coe_iff theorem lt_coe_iff (x : PartENat) (n : ℕ) : x < n ↔ ∃ h : x.Dom, x.get h < n := by simp only [lt_def, forall_prop_of_true, get_natCast', dom_natCast] #align part_enat.lt_coe_iff PartENat.lt_coe_iff theorem coe_le_iff (n : ℕ) (x : PartENat) : (n : PartENat) ≤ x ↔ ∀ h : x.Dom, n ≤ x.get h := by rw [← some_eq_natCast] simp only [le_def, exists_prop_of_true, dom_some, forall_true_iff] rfl #align part_enat.coe_le_iff PartENat.coe_le_iff theorem coe_lt_iff (n : ℕ) (x : PartENat) : (n : PartENat) < x ↔ ∀ h : x.Dom, n < x.get h := by rw [← some_eq_natCast] simp only [lt_def, exists_prop_of_true, dom_some, forall_true_iff] rfl #align part_enat.coe_lt_iff PartENat.coe_lt_iff nonrec theorem eq_zero_iff {x : PartENat} : x = 0 ↔ x ≤ 0 := eq_bot_iff #align part_enat.eq_zero_iff PartENat.eq_zero_iff theorem ne_zero_iff {x : PartENat} : x ≠ 0 ↔ ⊥ < x := bot_lt_iff_ne_bot.symm #align part_enat.ne_zero_iff PartENat.ne_zero_iff theorem dom_of_lt {x y : PartENat} : x < y → x.Dom := PartENat.casesOn x not_top_lt fun _ _ => dom_natCast _ #align part_enat.dom_of_lt PartENat.dom_of_lt theorem top_eq_none : (⊤ : PartENat) = Part.none := rfl #align part_enat.top_eq_none PartENat.top_eq_none @[simp] theorem natCast_lt_top (x : ℕ) : (x : PartENat) < ⊤ := Ne.lt_top fun h => absurd (congr_arg Dom h) <| by simp only [dom_natCast]; exact true_ne_false #align part_enat.coe_lt_top PartENat.natCast_lt_top @[simp] theorem zero_lt_top : (0 : PartENat) < ⊤ := natCast_lt_top 0 @[simp] theorem one_lt_top : (1 : PartENat) < ⊤ := natCast_lt_top 1 -- See note [no_index around OfNat.ofNat] @[simp] theorem ofNat_lt_top (x : ℕ) [x.AtLeastTwo] : (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x : PartENat)) < ⊤ := natCast_lt_top x @[simp] theorem natCast_ne_top (x : ℕ) : (x : PartENat) ≠ ⊤ := ne_of_lt (natCast_lt_top x) #align part_enat.coe_ne_top PartENat.natCast_ne_top @[simp] theorem zero_ne_top : (0 : PartENat) ≠ ⊤ := natCast_ne_top 0 @[simp] theorem one_ne_top : (1 : PartENat) ≠ ⊤ := natCast_ne_top 1 -- See note [no_index around OfNat.ofNat] @[simp] theorem ofNat_ne_top (x : ℕ) [x.AtLeastTwo] : (no_index (OfNat.ofNat x : PartENat)) ≠ ⊤ := natCast_ne_top x theorem not_isMax_natCast (x : ℕ) : ¬IsMax (x : PartENat) := not_isMax_of_lt (natCast_lt_top x) #align part_enat.not_is_max_coe PartENat.not_isMax_natCast
Mathlib/Data/Nat/PartENat.lean
401
402
theorem ne_top_iff {x : PartENat} : x ≠ ⊤ ↔ ∃ n : ℕ, x = n := by
simpa only [← some_eq_natCast] using Part.ne_none_iff
import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Cyclotomic.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.RootsOfUnity.Minpoly #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.cyclotomic.roots from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7fdeecc0d03cd40f7a165e6cf00a4d2286db599f" namespace Polynomial variable {R : Type*} [CommRing R] {n : ℕ} theorem isRoot_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic {ζ : R} {i : ℕ} (hi : i ∈ n.divisors) (h : (cyclotomic i R).IsRoot ζ) : ζ ^ n = 1 := by rcases n.eq_zero_or_pos with (rfl | hn) · exact pow_zero _ have := congr_arg (eval ζ) (prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one hn R).symm rw [eval_sub, eval_pow, eval_X, eval_one] at this convert eq_add_of_sub_eq' this convert (add_zero (M := R) _).symm apply eval_eq_zero_of_dvd_of_eval_eq_zero _ h exact Finset.dvd_prod_of_mem _ hi #align polynomial.is_root_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic Polynomial.isRoot_of_unity_of_root_cyclotomic section IsDomain variable [IsDomain R] theorem _root_.isRoot_of_unity_iff (h : 0 < n) (R : Type*) [CommRing R] [IsDomain R] {ζ : R} : ζ ^ n = 1 ↔ ∃ i ∈ n.divisors, (cyclotomic i R).IsRoot ζ := by rw [← mem_nthRoots h, nthRoots, mem_roots <| X_pow_sub_C_ne_zero h _, C_1, ← prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one h, isRoot_prod] #align is_root_of_unity_iff isRoot_of_unity_iff theorem _root_.IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic (hpos : 0 < n) {μ : R} (h : IsPrimitiveRoot μ n) : IsRoot (cyclotomic n R) μ := by rw [← mem_roots (cyclotomic_ne_zero n R), cyclotomic_eq_prod_X_sub_primitiveRoots h, roots_prod_X_sub_C, ← Finset.mem_def] rwa [← mem_primitiveRoots hpos] at h #align is_primitive_root.is_root_cyclotomic IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic private theorem isRoot_cyclotomic_iff' {n : ℕ} {K : Type*} [Field K] {μ : K} [NeZero (n : K)] : IsRoot (cyclotomic n K) μ ↔ IsPrimitiveRoot μ n := by -- in this proof, `o` stands for `orderOf μ` have hnpos : 0 < n := (NeZero.of_neZero_natCast K).out.bot_lt refine ⟨fun hμ => ?_, IsPrimitiveRoot.isRoot_cyclotomic hnpos⟩ have hμn : μ ^ n = 1 := by rw [isRoot_of_unity_iff hnpos _] exact ⟨n, n.mem_divisors_self hnpos.ne', hμ⟩ by_contra hnμ have ho : 0 < orderOf μ := (isOfFinOrder_iff_pow_eq_one.2 <| ⟨n, hnpos, hμn⟩).orderOf_pos have := pow_orderOf_eq_one μ rw [isRoot_of_unity_iff ho] at this obtain ⟨i, hio, hiμ⟩ := this replace hio := Nat.dvd_of_mem_divisors hio rw [IsPrimitiveRoot.not_iff] at hnμ rw [← orderOf_dvd_iff_pow_eq_one] at hμn have key : i < n := (Nat.le_of_dvd ho hio).trans_lt ((Nat.le_of_dvd hnpos hμn).lt_of_ne hnμ) have key' : i ∣ n := hio.trans hμn rw [← Polynomial.dvd_iff_isRoot] at hμ hiμ have hni : {i, n} ⊆ n.divisors := by simpa [Finset.insert_subset_iff, key'] using hnpos.ne' obtain ⟨k, hk⟩ := hiμ obtain ⟨j, hj⟩ := hμ have := prod_cyclotomic_eq_X_pow_sub_one hnpos K rw [← Finset.prod_sdiff hni, Finset.prod_pair key.ne, hk, hj] at this have hn := (X_pow_sub_one_separable_iff.mpr <| NeZero.natCast_ne n K).squarefree rw [← this, Squarefree] at hn specialize hn (X - C μ) ⟨(∏ x ∈ n.divisors \ {i, n}, cyclotomic x K) * k * j, by ring⟩ simp [Polynomial.isUnit_iff_degree_eq_zero] at hn theorem isRoot_cyclotomic_iff [NeZero (n : R)] {μ : R} : IsRoot (cyclotomic n R) μ ↔ IsPrimitiveRoot μ n := by have hf : Function.Injective _ := IsFractionRing.injective R (FractionRing R) haveI : NeZero (n : FractionRing R) := NeZero.nat_of_injective hf rw [← isRoot_map_iff hf, ← IsPrimitiveRoot.map_iff_of_injective hf, map_cyclotomic, ← isRoot_cyclotomic_iff'] #align polynomial.is_root_cyclotomic_iff Polynomial.isRoot_cyclotomic_iff theorem roots_cyclotomic_nodup [NeZero (n : R)] : (cyclotomic n R).roots.Nodup := by obtain h | ⟨ζ, hζ⟩ := (cyclotomic n R).roots.empty_or_exists_mem · exact h.symm ▸ Multiset.nodup_zero rw [mem_roots <| cyclotomic_ne_zero n R, isRoot_cyclotomic_iff] at hζ refine Multiset.nodup_of_le (roots.le_of_dvd (X_pow_sub_C_ne_zero (NeZero.pos_of_neZero_natCast R) 1) <| cyclotomic.dvd_X_pow_sub_one n R) hζ.nthRoots_one_nodup #align polynomial.roots_cyclotomic_nodup Polynomial.roots_cyclotomic_nodup
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Cyclotomic/Roots.lean
116
124
theorem cyclotomic.roots_to_finset_eq_primitiveRoots [NeZero (n : R)] : (⟨(cyclotomic n R).roots, roots_cyclotomic_nodup⟩ : Finset _) = primitiveRoots n R := by
ext a -- Porting note: was -- `simp [cyclotomic_ne_zero n R, isRoot_cyclotomic_iff, mem_primitiveRoots,` -- ` NeZero.pos_of_neZero_natCast R]` simp only [mem_primitiveRoots, NeZero.pos_of_neZero_natCast R] convert isRoot_cyclotomic_iff (n := n) (μ := a) simp [cyclotomic_ne_zero n R]
import Mathlib.FieldTheory.IsAlgClosed.AlgebraicClosure import Mathlib.RingTheory.IntegralDomain #align_import field_theory.primitive_element from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"df76f43357840485b9d04ed5dee5ab115d420e87" noncomputable section open scoped Classical Polynomial open FiniteDimensional Polynomial IntermediateField namespace Field section PrimitiveElementInf variable {F : Type*} [Field F] [Infinite F] {E : Type*} [Field E] (ϕ : F →+* E) (α β : E) theorem primitive_element_inf_aux_exists_c (f g : F[X]) : ∃ c : F, ∀ α' ∈ (f.map ϕ).roots, ∀ β' ∈ (g.map ϕ).roots, -(α' - α) / (β' - β) ≠ ϕ c := by let sf := (f.map ϕ).roots let sg := (g.map ϕ).roots let s := (sf.bind fun α' => sg.map fun β' => -(α' - α) / (β' - β)).toFinset let s' := s.preimage ϕ fun x _ y _ h => ϕ.injective h obtain ⟨c, hc⟩ := Infinite.exists_not_mem_finset s' simp_rw [s', s, Finset.mem_preimage, Multiset.mem_toFinset, Multiset.mem_bind, Multiset.mem_map] at hc push_neg at hc exact ⟨c, hc⟩ #align field.primitive_element_inf_aux_exists_c Field.primitive_element_inf_aux_exists_c variable (F) variable [Algebra F E]
Mathlib/FieldTheory/PrimitiveElement.lean
104
173
theorem primitive_element_inf_aux [IsSeparable F E] : ∃ γ : E, F⟮α, β⟯ = F⟮γ⟯ := by
have hα := IsSeparable.isIntegral F α have hβ := IsSeparable.isIntegral F β let f := minpoly F α let g := minpoly F β let ιFE := algebraMap F E let ιEE' := algebraMap E (SplittingField (g.map ιFE)) obtain ⟨c, hc⟩ := primitive_element_inf_aux_exists_c (ιEE'.comp ιFE) (ιEE' α) (ιEE' β) f g let γ := α + c • β suffices β_in_Fγ : β ∈ F⟮γ⟯ by use γ apply le_antisymm · rw [adjoin_le_iff] have α_in_Fγ : α ∈ F⟮γ⟯ := by rw [← add_sub_cancel_right α (c • β)] exact F⟮γ⟯.sub_mem (mem_adjoin_simple_self F γ) (F⟮γ⟯.toSubalgebra.smul_mem β_in_Fγ c) rintro x (rfl | rfl) <;> assumption · rw [adjoin_simple_le_iff] have α_in_Fαβ : α ∈ F⟮α, β⟯ := subset_adjoin F {α, β} (Set.mem_insert α {β}) have β_in_Fαβ : β ∈ F⟮α, β⟯ := subset_adjoin F {α, β} (Set.mem_insert_of_mem α rfl) exact F⟮α, β⟯.add_mem α_in_Fαβ (F⟮α, β⟯.smul_mem β_in_Fαβ) let p := EuclideanDomain.gcd ((f.map (algebraMap F F⟮γ⟯)).comp (C (AdjoinSimple.gen F γ) - (C ↑c : F⟮γ⟯[X]) * X)) (g.map (algebraMap F F⟮γ⟯)) let h := EuclideanDomain.gcd ((f.map ιFE).comp (C γ - C (ιFE c) * X)) (g.map ιFE) have map_g_ne_zero : g.map ιFE ≠ 0 := map_ne_zero (minpoly.ne_zero hβ) have h_ne_zero : h ≠ 0 := mt EuclideanDomain.gcd_eq_zero_iff.mp (not_and.mpr fun _ => map_g_ne_zero) suffices p_linear : p.map (algebraMap F⟮γ⟯ E) = C h.leadingCoeff * (X - C β) by have finale : β = algebraMap F⟮γ⟯ E (-p.coeff 0 / p.coeff 1) := by rw [map_div₀, RingHom.map_neg, ← coeff_map, ← coeff_map, p_linear] -- Porting note: had to add `-map_add` to avoid going in the wrong direction. simp [mul_sub, coeff_C, mul_div_cancel_left₀ β (mt leadingCoeff_eq_zero.mp h_ne_zero), -map_add] -- Porting note: an alternative solution is: -- simp_rw [Polynomial.coeff_C_mul, Polynomial.coeff_sub, mul_sub, -- Polynomial.coeff_X_zero, Polynomial.coeff_X_one, mul_zero, mul_one, zero_sub, neg_neg, -- Polynomial.coeff_C, eq_self_iff_true, Nat.one_ne_zero, if_true, if_false, mul_zero, -- sub_zero, mul_div_cancel_left β (mt leadingCoeff_eq_zero.mp h_ne_zero)] rw [finale] exact Subtype.mem (-p.coeff 0 / p.coeff 1) have h_sep : h.Separable := separable_gcd_right _ (IsSeparable.separable F β).map have h_root : h.eval β = 0 := by apply eval_gcd_eq_zero · rw [eval_comp, eval_sub, eval_mul, eval_C, eval_C, eval_X, eval_map, ← aeval_def, ← Algebra.smul_def, add_sub_cancel_right, minpoly.aeval] · rw [eval_map, ← aeval_def, minpoly.aeval] have h_splits : Splits ιEE' h := splits_of_splits_gcd_right ιEE' map_g_ne_zero (SplittingField.splits _) have h_roots : ∀ x ∈ (h.map ιEE').roots, x = ιEE' β := by intro x hx rw [mem_roots_map h_ne_zero] at hx specialize hc (ιEE' γ - ιEE' (ιFE c) * x) (by have f_root := root_left_of_root_gcd hx rw [eval₂_comp, eval₂_sub, eval₂_mul, eval₂_C, eval₂_C, eval₂_X, eval₂_map] at f_root exact (mem_roots_map (minpoly.ne_zero hα)).mpr f_root) specialize hc x (by rw [mem_roots_map (minpoly.ne_zero hβ), ← eval₂_map] exact root_right_of_root_gcd hx) by_contra a apply hc apply (div_eq_iff (sub_ne_zero.mpr a)).mpr simp only [γ, Algebra.smul_def, RingHom.map_add, RingHom.map_mul, RingHom.comp_apply] ring rw [← eq_X_sub_C_of_separable_of_root_eq h_sep h_root h_splits h_roots] trans EuclideanDomain.gcd (?_ : E[X]) (?_ : E[X]) · dsimp only [γ] convert (gcd_map (algebraMap F⟮γ⟯ E)).symm · simp only [map_comp, Polynomial.map_map, ← IsScalarTower.algebraMap_eq, Polynomial.map_sub, map_C, AdjoinSimple.algebraMap_gen, map_add, Polynomial.map_mul, map_X] congr
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Image import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Set.Basic #align_import data.set.intervals.with_bot_top from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d012cd09a9b256d870751284dd6a29882b0be105" open Set variable {α : Type*} namespace WithTop @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_top : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' {⊤} = (∅ : Set α) := eq_empty_of_subset_empty fun _ => coe_ne_top #align with_top.preimage_coe_top WithTop.preimage_coe_top variable [Preorder α] {a b : α} theorem range_coe : range (some : α → WithTop α) = Iio ⊤ := by ext x rw [mem_Iio, WithTop.lt_top_iff_ne_top, mem_range, ne_top_iff_exists] #align with_top.range_coe WithTop.range_coe @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Ioi : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Ioi a = Ioi a := ext fun _ => coe_lt_coe #align with_top.preimage_coe_Ioi WithTop.preimage_coe_Ioi @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Ici : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Ici a = Ici a := ext fun _ => coe_le_coe #align with_top.preimage_coe_Ici WithTop.preimage_coe_Ici @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Iio : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Iio a = Iio a := ext fun _ => coe_lt_coe #align with_top.preimage_coe_Iio WithTop.preimage_coe_Iio @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Iic : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Iic a = Iic a := ext fun _ => coe_le_coe #align with_top.preimage_coe_Iic WithTop.preimage_coe_Iic @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Icc : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Icc a b = Icc a b := by simp [← Ici_inter_Iic] #align with_top.preimage_coe_Icc WithTop.preimage_coe_Icc @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Ico : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Ico a b = Ico a b := by simp [← Ici_inter_Iio] #align with_top.preimage_coe_Ico WithTop.preimage_coe_Ico @[simp] theorem preimage_coe_Ioc : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Ioc a b = Ioc a b := by simp [← Ioi_inter_Iic] #align with_top.preimage_coe_Ioc WithTop.preimage_coe_Ioc @[simp]
Mathlib/Order/Interval/Set/WithBotTop.lean
71
71
theorem preimage_coe_Ioo : (some : α → WithTop α) ⁻¹' Ioo a b = Ioo a b := by
simp [← Ioi_inter_Iio]
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Function import Mathlib.Logic.Relation import Mathlib.Logic.Pairwise #align_import data.set.pairwise.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c4c2ed622f43768eff32608d4a0f8a6cec1c047d" open Function Order Set variable {α β γ ι ι' : Type*} {r p q : α → α → Prop} section Pairwise variable {f g : ι → α} {s t u : Set α} {a b : α} theorem pairwise_on_bool (hr : Symmetric r) {a b : α} : Pairwise (r on fun c => cond c a b) ↔ r a b := by simpa [Pairwise, Function.onFun] using @hr a b #align pairwise_on_bool pairwise_on_bool theorem pairwise_disjoint_on_bool [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] {a b : α} : Pairwise (Disjoint on fun c => cond c a b) ↔ Disjoint a b := pairwise_on_bool Disjoint.symm #align pairwise_disjoint_on_bool pairwise_disjoint_on_bool theorem Symmetric.pairwise_on [LinearOrder ι] (hr : Symmetric r) (f : ι → α) : Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∀ ⦃m n⦄, m < n → r (f m) (f n) := ⟨fun h _m _n hmn => h hmn.ne, fun h _m _n hmn => hmn.lt_or_lt.elim (@h _ _) fun h' => hr (h h')⟩ #align symmetric.pairwise_on Symmetric.pairwise_on theorem pairwise_disjoint_on [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] [LinearOrder ι] (f : ι → α) : Pairwise (Disjoint on f) ↔ ∀ ⦃m n⦄, m < n → Disjoint (f m) (f n) := Symmetric.pairwise_on Disjoint.symm f #align pairwise_disjoint_on pairwise_disjoint_on theorem pairwise_disjoint_mono [SemilatticeInf α] [OrderBot α] (hs : Pairwise (Disjoint on f)) (h : g ≤ f) : Pairwise (Disjoint on g) := hs.mono fun i j hij => Disjoint.mono (h i) (h j) hij #align pairwise_disjoint.mono pairwise_disjoint_mono namespace Set theorem Pairwise.mono (h : t ⊆ s) (hs : s.Pairwise r) : t.Pairwise r := fun _x xt _y yt => hs (h xt) (h yt) #align set.pairwise.mono Set.Pairwise.mono theorem Pairwise.mono' (H : r ≤ p) (hr : s.Pairwise r) : s.Pairwise p := hr.imp H #align set.pairwise.mono' Set.Pairwise.mono' theorem pairwise_top (s : Set α) : s.Pairwise ⊤ := pairwise_of_forall s _ fun _ _ => trivial #align set.pairwise_top Set.pairwise_top protected theorem Subsingleton.pairwise (h : s.Subsingleton) (r : α → α → Prop) : s.Pairwise r := fun _x hx _y hy hne => (hne (h hx hy)).elim #align set.subsingleton.pairwise Set.Subsingleton.pairwise @[simp] theorem pairwise_empty (r : α → α → Prop) : (∅ : Set α).Pairwise r := subsingleton_empty.pairwise r #align set.pairwise_empty Set.pairwise_empty @[simp] theorem pairwise_singleton (a : α) (r : α → α → Prop) : Set.Pairwise {a} r := subsingleton_singleton.pairwise r #align set.pairwise_singleton Set.pairwise_singleton theorem pairwise_iff_of_refl [IsRefl α r] : s.Pairwise r ↔ ∀ ⦃a⦄, a ∈ s → ∀ ⦃b⦄, b ∈ s → r a b := forall₄_congr fun _ _ _ _ => or_iff_not_imp_left.symm.trans <| or_iff_right_of_imp of_eq #align set.pairwise_iff_of_refl Set.pairwise_iff_of_refl alias ⟨Pairwise.of_refl, _⟩ := pairwise_iff_of_refl #align set.pairwise.of_refl Set.Pairwise.of_refl theorem Nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall [IsEquiv α r] {s : Set ι} (hs : s.Nonempty) : s.Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, r (f x) z := by constructor · rcases hs with ⟨y, hy⟩ refine fun H => ⟨f y, fun x hx => ?_⟩ rcases eq_or_ne x y with (rfl | hne) · apply IsRefl.refl · exact H hx hy hne · rintro ⟨z, hz⟩ x hx y hy _ exact @IsTrans.trans α r _ (f x) z (f y) (hz _ hx) (IsSymm.symm _ _ <| hz _ hy) #align set.nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall Set.Nonempty.pairwise_iff_exists_forall theorem Nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq {s : Set α} (hs : s.Nonempty) {f : α → ι} : (s.Pairwise fun x y => f x = f y) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, f x = z := hs.pairwise_iff_exists_forall #align set.nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq Set.Nonempty.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq theorem pairwise_iff_exists_forall [Nonempty ι] (s : Set α) (f : α → ι) {r : ι → ι → Prop} [IsEquiv ι r] : s.Pairwise (r on f) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, r (f x) z := by rcases s.eq_empty_or_nonempty with (rfl | hne) · simp · exact hne.pairwise_iff_exists_forall #align set.pairwise_iff_exists_forall Set.pairwise_iff_exists_forall theorem pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq [Nonempty ι] (s : Set α) (f : α → ι) : (s.Pairwise fun x y => f x = f y) ↔ ∃ z, ∀ x ∈ s, f x = z := pairwise_iff_exists_forall s f #align set.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq Set.pairwise_eq_iff_exists_eq theorem pairwise_union : (s ∪ t).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ t.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ a ∈ s, ∀ b ∈ t, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a := by simp only [Set.Pairwise, mem_union, or_imp, forall_and] exact ⟨fun H => ⟨H.1.1, H.2.2, H.1.2, fun x hx y hy hne => H.2.1 y hy x hx hne.symm⟩, fun H => ⟨⟨H.1, H.2.2.1⟩, fun x hx y hy hne => H.2.2.2 y hy x hx hne.symm, H.2.1⟩⟩ #align set.pairwise_union Set.pairwise_union theorem pairwise_union_of_symmetric (hr : Symmetric r) : (s ∪ t).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ t.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ a ∈ s, ∀ b ∈ t, a ≠ b → r a b := pairwise_union.trans <| by simp only [hr.iff, and_self_iff] #align set.pairwise_union_of_symmetric Set.pairwise_union_of_symmetric theorem pairwise_insert : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a := by simp only [insert_eq, pairwise_union, pairwise_singleton, true_and_iff, mem_singleton_iff, forall_eq] #align set.pairwise_insert Set.pairwise_insert theorem pairwise_insert_of_not_mem (ha : a ∉ s) : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, r a b ∧ r b a := pairwise_insert.trans <| and_congr_right' <| forall₂_congr fun b hb => by simp [(ne_of_mem_of_not_mem hb ha).symm] #align set.pairwise_insert_of_not_mem Set.pairwise_insert_of_not_mem protected theorem Pairwise.insert (hs : s.Pairwise r) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := pairwise_insert.2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert Set.Pairwise.insert theorem Pairwise.insert_of_not_mem (ha : a ∉ s) (hs : s.Pairwise r) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, r a b ∧ r b a) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := (pairwise_insert_of_not_mem ha).2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert_of_not_mem Set.Pairwise.insert_of_not_mem theorem pairwise_insert_of_symmetric (hr : Symmetric r) : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b := by simp only [pairwise_insert, hr.iff a, and_self_iff] #align set.pairwise_insert_of_symmetric Set.pairwise_insert_of_symmetric theorem pairwise_insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem (hr : Symmetric r) (ha : a ∉ s) : (insert a s).Pairwise r ↔ s.Pairwise r ∧ ∀ b ∈ s, r a b := by simp only [pairwise_insert_of_not_mem ha, hr.iff a, and_self_iff] #align set.pairwise_insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem Set.pairwise_insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem theorem Pairwise.insert_of_symmetric (hs : s.Pairwise r) (hr : Symmetric r) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, a ≠ b → r a b) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := (pairwise_insert_of_symmetric hr).2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert_of_symmetric Set.Pairwise.insert_of_symmetric theorem Pairwise.insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem (hs : s.Pairwise r) (hr : Symmetric r) (ha : a ∉ s) (h : ∀ b ∈ s, r a b) : (insert a s).Pairwise r := (pairwise_insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem hr ha).2 ⟨hs, h⟩ #align set.pairwise.insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem Set.Pairwise.insert_of_symmetric_of_not_mem
Mathlib/Data/Set/Pairwise/Basic.lean
193
193
theorem pairwise_pair : Set.Pairwise {a, b} r ↔ a ≠ b → r a b ∧ r b a := by
simp [pairwise_insert]
import Mathlib.Data.List.Lattice import Mathlib.Data.List.Range import Mathlib.Data.Bool.Basic #align_import data.list.intervals from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7b78d1776212a91ecc94cf601f83bdcc46b04213" open Nat namespace List def Ico (n m : ℕ) : List ℕ := range' n (m - n) #align list.Ico List.Ico namespace Ico theorem zero_bot (n : ℕ) : Ico 0 n = range n := by rw [Ico, Nat.sub_zero, range_eq_range'] #align list.Ico.zero_bot List.Ico.zero_bot @[simp] theorem length (n m : ℕ) : length (Ico n m) = m - n := by dsimp [Ico] simp [length_range', autoParam] #align list.Ico.length List.Ico.length theorem pairwise_lt (n m : ℕ) : Pairwise (· < ·) (Ico n m) := by dsimp [Ico] simp [pairwise_lt_range', autoParam] #align list.Ico.pairwise_lt List.Ico.pairwise_lt theorem nodup (n m : ℕ) : Nodup (Ico n m) := by dsimp [Ico] simp [nodup_range', autoParam] #align list.Ico.nodup List.Ico.nodup @[simp] theorem mem {n m l : ℕ} : l ∈ Ico n m ↔ n ≤ l ∧ l < m := by suffices n ≤ l ∧ l < n + (m - n) ↔ n ≤ l ∧ l < m by simp [Ico, this] rcases le_total n m with hnm | hmn · rw [Nat.add_sub_cancel' hnm] · rw [Nat.sub_eq_zero_iff_le.mpr hmn, Nat.add_zero] exact and_congr_right fun hnl => Iff.intro (fun hln => (not_le_of_gt hln hnl).elim) fun hlm => lt_of_lt_of_le hlm hmn #align list.Ico.mem List.Ico.mem theorem eq_nil_of_le {n m : ℕ} (h : m ≤ n) : Ico n m = [] := by simp [Ico, Nat.sub_eq_zero_iff_le.mpr h] #align list.Ico.eq_nil_of_le List.Ico.eq_nil_of_le theorem map_add (n m k : ℕ) : (Ico n m).map (k + ·) = Ico (n + k) (m + k) := by rw [Ico, Ico, map_add_range', Nat.add_sub_add_right m k, Nat.add_comm n k] #align list.Ico.map_add List.Ico.map_add theorem map_sub (n m k : ℕ) (h₁ : k ≤ n) : ((Ico n m).map fun x => x - k) = Ico (n - k) (m - k) := by rw [Ico, Ico, Nat.sub_sub_sub_cancel_right h₁, map_sub_range' _ _ _ h₁] #align list.Ico.map_sub List.Ico.map_sub @[simp] theorem self_empty {n : ℕ} : Ico n n = [] := eq_nil_of_le (le_refl n) #align list.Ico.self_empty List.Ico.self_empty @[simp] theorem eq_empty_iff {n m : ℕ} : Ico n m = [] ↔ m ≤ n := Iff.intro (fun h => Nat.sub_eq_zero_iff_le.mp <| by rw [← length, h, List.length]) eq_nil_of_le #align list.Ico.eq_empty_iff List.Ico.eq_empty_iff theorem append_consecutive {n m l : ℕ} (hnm : n ≤ m) (hml : m ≤ l) : Ico n m ++ Ico m l = Ico n l := by dsimp only [Ico] convert range'_append n (m-n) (l-m) 1 using 2 · rw [Nat.one_mul, Nat.add_sub_cancel' hnm] · rw [Nat.sub_add_sub_cancel hml hnm] #align list.Ico.append_consecutive List.Ico.append_consecutive @[simp] theorem inter_consecutive (n m l : ℕ) : Ico n m ∩ Ico m l = [] := by apply eq_nil_iff_forall_not_mem.2 intro a simp only [and_imp, not_and, not_lt, List.mem_inter_iff, List.Ico.mem] intro _ h₂ h₃ exfalso exact not_lt_of_ge h₃ h₂ #align list.Ico.inter_consecutive List.Ico.inter_consecutive @[simp] theorem bagInter_consecutive (n m l : Nat) : @List.bagInter ℕ instBEqOfDecidableEq (Ico n m) (Ico m l) = [] := (bagInter_nil_iff_inter_nil _ _).2 (by convert inter_consecutive n m l) #align list.Ico.bag_inter_consecutive List.Ico.bagInter_consecutive @[simp] theorem succ_singleton {n : ℕ} : Ico n (n + 1) = [n] := by dsimp [Ico] simp [range', Nat.add_sub_cancel_left] #align list.Ico.succ_singleton List.Ico.succ_singleton theorem succ_top {n m : ℕ} (h : n ≤ m) : Ico n (m + 1) = Ico n m ++ [m] := by rwa [← succ_singleton, append_consecutive] exact Nat.le_succ _ #align list.Ico.succ_top List.Ico.succ_top theorem eq_cons {n m : ℕ} (h : n < m) : Ico n m = n :: Ico (n + 1) m := by rw [← append_consecutive (Nat.le_succ n) h, succ_singleton] rfl #align list.Ico.eq_cons List.Ico.eq_cons @[simp] theorem pred_singleton {m : ℕ} (h : 0 < m) : Ico (m - 1) m = [m - 1] := by dsimp [Ico] rw [Nat.sub_sub_self (succ_le_of_lt h)] simp [← Nat.one_eq_succ_zero] #align list.Ico.pred_singleton List.Ico.pred_singleton theorem chain'_succ (n m : ℕ) : Chain' (fun a b => b = succ a) (Ico n m) := by by_cases h : n < m · rw [eq_cons h] exact chain_succ_range' _ _ 1 · rw [eq_nil_of_le (le_of_not_gt h)] trivial #align list.Ico.chain'_succ List.Ico.chain'_succ -- Porting note (#10618): simp can prove this -- @[simp] theorem not_mem_top {n m : ℕ} : m ∉ Ico n m := by simp #align list.Ico.not_mem_top List.Ico.not_mem_top theorem filter_lt_of_top_le {n m l : ℕ} (hml : m ≤ l) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x < l) = Ico n m := filter_eq_self.2 fun k hk => by simp only [(lt_of_lt_of_le (mem.1 hk).2 hml), decide_True] #align list.Ico.filter_lt_of_top_le List.Ico.filter_lt_of_top_le theorem filter_lt_of_le_bot {n m l : ℕ} (hln : l ≤ n) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x < l) = [] := filter_eq_nil.2 fun k hk => by simp only [decide_eq_true_eq, not_lt] apply le_trans hln exact (mem.1 hk).1 #align list.Ico.filter_lt_of_le_bot List.Ico.filter_lt_of_le_bot theorem filter_lt_of_ge {n m l : ℕ} (hlm : l ≤ m) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x < l) = Ico n l := by rcases le_total n l with hnl | hln · rw [← append_consecutive hnl hlm, filter_append, filter_lt_of_top_le (le_refl l), filter_lt_of_le_bot (le_refl l), append_nil] · rw [eq_nil_of_le hln, filter_lt_of_le_bot hln] #align list.Ico.filter_lt_of_ge List.Ico.filter_lt_of_ge @[simp] theorem filter_lt (n m l : ℕ) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x < l) = Ico n (min m l) := by rcases le_total m l with hml | hlm · rw [min_eq_left hml, filter_lt_of_top_le hml] · rw [min_eq_right hlm, filter_lt_of_ge hlm] #align list.Ico.filter_lt List.Ico.filter_lt theorem filter_le_of_le_bot {n m l : ℕ} (hln : l ≤ n) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => l ≤ x) = Ico n m := filter_eq_self.2 fun k hk => by rw [decide_eq_true_eq] exact le_trans hln (mem.1 hk).1 #align list.Ico.filter_le_of_le_bot List.Ico.filter_le_of_le_bot theorem filter_le_of_top_le {n m l : ℕ} (hml : m ≤ l) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => l ≤ x) = [] := filter_eq_nil.2 fun k hk => by rw [decide_eq_true_eq] exact not_le_of_gt (lt_of_lt_of_le (mem.1 hk).2 hml) #align list.Ico.filter_le_of_top_le List.Ico.filter_le_of_top_le theorem filter_le_of_le {n m l : ℕ} (hnl : n ≤ l) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => l ≤ x) = Ico l m := by rcases le_total l m with hlm | hml · rw [← append_consecutive hnl hlm, filter_append, filter_le_of_top_le (le_refl l), filter_le_of_le_bot (le_refl l), nil_append] · rw [eq_nil_of_le hml, filter_le_of_top_le hml] #align list.Ico.filter_le_of_le List.Ico.filter_le_of_le @[simp] theorem filter_le (n m l : ℕ) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => l ≤ x) = Ico (max n l) m := by rcases le_total n l with hnl | hln · rw [max_eq_right hnl, filter_le_of_le hnl] · rw [max_eq_left hln, filter_le_of_le_bot hln] #align list.Ico.filter_le List.Ico.filter_le theorem filter_lt_of_succ_bot {n m : ℕ} (hnm : n < m) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x < n + 1) = [n] := by have r : min m (n + 1) = n + 1 := (@inf_eq_right _ _ m (n + 1)).mpr hnm simp [filter_lt n m (n + 1), r] #align list.Ico.filter_lt_of_succ_bot List.Ico.filter_lt_of_succ_bot @[simp] theorem filter_le_of_bot {n m : ℕ} (hnm : n < m) : ((Ico n m).filter fun x => x ≤ n) = [n] := by rw [← filter_lt_of_succ_bot hnm] exact filter_congr' fun _ _ => by rw [decide_eq_true_eq, decide_eq_true_eq] exact Nat.lt_succ_iff.symm #align list.Ico.filter_le_of_bot List.Ico.filter_le_of_bot
Mathlib/Data/List/Intervals.lean
232
242
theorem trichotomy (n a b : ℕ) : n < a ∨ b ≤ n ∨ n ∈ Ico a b := by
by_cases h₁ : n < a · left exact h₁ · right by_cases h₂ : n ∈ Ico a b · right exact h₂ · left simp only [Ico.mem, not_and, not_lt] at * exact h₂ h₁
import Batteries.Data.Rat.Basic import Batteries.Tactic.SeqFocus namespace Rat theorem ext : {p q : Rat} → p.num = q.num → p.den = q.den → p = q | ⟨_,_,_,_⟩, ⟨_,_,_,_⟩, rfl, rfl => rfl @[simp] theorem mk_den_one {r : Int} : ⟨r, 1, Nat.one_ne_zero, (Nat.coprime_one_right _)⟩ = (r : Rat) := rfl @[simp] theorem zero_num : (0 : Rat).num = 0 := rfl @[simp] theorem zero_den : (0 : Rat).den = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem one_num : (1 : Rat).num = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem one_den : (1 : Rat).den = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem maybeNormalize_eq {num den g} (den_nz reduced) : maybeNormalize num den g den_nz reduced = { num := num.div g, den := den / g, den_nz, reduced } := by unfold maybeNormalize; split · subst g; simp · rfl theorem normalize.reduced' {num : Int} {den g : Nat} (den_nz : den ≠ 0) (e : g = num.natAbs.gcd den) : (num / g).natAbs.Coprime (den / g) := by rw [← Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd (e ▸ Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..))] exact normalize.reduced den_nz e theorem normalize_eq {num den} (den_nz) : normalize num den den_nz = { num := num / num.natAbs.gcd den den := den / num.natAbs.gcd den den_nz := normalize.den_nz den_nz rfl reduced := normalize.reduced' den_nz rfl } := by simp only [normalize, maybeNormalize_eq, Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd (Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..))] @[simp] theorem normalize_zero (nz) : normalize 0 d nz = 0 := by simp [normalize, Int.zero_div, Int.natAbs_zero, Nat.div_self (Nat.pos_of_ne_zero nz)]; rfl theorem mk_eq_normalize (num den nz c) : ⟨num, den, nz, c⟩ = normalize num den nz := by simp [normalize_eq, c.gcd_eq_one] theorem normalize_self (r : Rat) : normalize r.num r.den r.den_nz = r := (mk_eq_normalize ..).symm theorem normalize_mul_left {a : Nat} (d0 : d ≠ 0) (a0 : a ≠ 0) : normalize (↑a * n) (a * d) (Nat.mul_ne_zero a0 d0) = normalize n d d0 := by simp [normalize_eq, mk'.injEq, Int.natAbs_mul, Nat.gcd_mul_left, Nat.mul_div_mul_left _ _ (Nat.pos_of_ne_zero a0), Int.ofNat_mul, Int.mul_ediv_mul_of_pos _ _ (Int.ofNat_pos.2 <| Nat.pos_of_ne_zero a0)] theorem normalize_mul_right {a : Nat} (d0 : d ≠ 0) (a0 : a ≠ 0) : normalize (n * a) (d * a) (Nat.mul_ne_zero d0 a0) = normalize n d d0 := by rw [← normalize_mul_left (d0 := d0) a0]; congr 1 <;> [apply Int.mul_comm; apply Nat.mul_comm] theorem normalize_eq_iff (z₁ : d₁ ≠ 0) (z₂ : d₂ ≠ 0) : normalize n₁ d₁ z₁ = normalize n₂ d₂ z₂ ↔ n₁ * d₂ = n₂ * d₁ := by constructor <;> intro h · simp only [normalize_eq, mk'.injEq] at h have' hn₁ := Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left n₁.natAbs d₁ have' hn₂ := Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left n₂.natAbs d₂ have' hd₁ := Int.ofNat_dvd.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_right n₁.natAbs d₁ have' hd₂ := Int.ofNat_dvd.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_right n₂.natAbs d₂ rw [← Int.ediv_mul_cancel (Int.dvd_trans hd₂ (Int.dvd_mul_left ..)), Int.mul_ediv_assoc _ hd₂, ← Int.ofNat_ediv, ← h.2, Int.ofNat_ediv, ← Int.mul_ediv_assoc _ hd₁, Int.mul_ediv_assoc' _ hn₁, Int.mul_right_comm, h.1, Int.ediv_mul_cancel hn₂] · rw [← normalize_mul_right _ z₂, ← normalize_mul_left z₂ z₁, Int.mul_comm d₁, h] theorem maybeNormalize_eq_normalize {num : Int} {den g : Nat} (den_nz reduced) (hn : ↑g ∣ num) (hd : g ∣ den) : maybeNormalize num den g den_nz reduced = normalize num den (mt (by simp [·]) den_nz) := by simp only [maybeNormalize_eq, mk_eq_normalize, Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd hn] have : g ≠ 0 := mt (by simp [·]) den_nz rw [← normalize_mul_right _ this, Int.ediv_mul_cancel hn] congr 1; exact Nat.div_mul_cancel hd @[simp] theorem normalize_eq_zero (d0 : d ≠ 0) : normalize n d d0 = 0 ↔ n = 0 := by have' := normalize_eq_iff d0 Nat.one_ne_zero rw [normalize_zero (d := 1)] at this; rw [this]; simp theorem normalize_num_den' (num den nz) : ∃ d : Nat, d ≠ 0 ∧ num = (normalize num den nz).num * d ∧ den = (normalize num den nz).den * d := by refine ⟨num.natAbs.gcd den, Nat.gcd_ne_zero_right nz, ?_⟩ simp [normalize_eq, Int.ediv_mul_cancel (Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..), Nat.div_mul_cancel (Nat.gcd_dvd_right ..)] theorem normalize_num_den (h : normalize n d z = ⟨n', d', z', c⟩) : ∃ m : Nat, m ≠ 0 ∧ n = n' * m ∧ d = d' * m := by have := normalize_num_den' n d z; rwa [h] at this theorem normalize_eq_mkRat {num den} (den_nz) : normalize num den den_nz = mkRat num den := by simp [mkRat, den_nz] theorem mkRat_num_den (z : d ≠ 0) (h : mkRat n d = ⟨n', d', z', c⟩) : ∃ m : Nat, m ≠ 0 ∧ n = n' * m ∧ d = d' * m := normalize_num_den ((normalize_eq_mkRat z).symm ▸ h) theorem mkRat_def (n d) : mkRat n d = if d0 : d = 0 then 0 else normalize n d d0 := rfl theorem mkRat_self (a : Rat) : mkRat a.num a.den = a := by rw [← normalize_eq_mkRat a.den_nz, normalize_self] theorem mk_eq_mkRat (num den nz c) : ⟨num, den, nz, c⟩ = mkRat num den := by simp [mk_eq_normalize, normalize_eq_mkRat] @[simp] theorem zero_mkRat (n) : mkRat 0 n = 0 := by simp [mkRat_def] @[simp] theorem mkRat_zero (n) : mkRat n 0 = 0 := by simp [mkRat_def]
.lake/packages/batteries/Batteries/Data/Rat/Lemmas.lean
117
117
theorem mkRat_eq_zero (d0 : d ≠ 0) : mkRat n d = 0 ↔ n = 0 := by
simp [mkRat_def, d0]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Gamma.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.PolarCoord import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Complex #align_import analysis.special_functions.gaussian from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7982767093ae38cba236487f9c9dd9cd99f63c16" noncomputable section open Real Set MeasureTheory Filter Asymptotics open scoped Real Topology open Complex hiding exp abs_of_nonneg theorem exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg {p b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) (hp : 1 < p) : (fun x : ℝ => exp (- b * x ^ p)) =o[atTop] fun x : ℝ => exp (-x) := by rw [isLittleO_exp_comp_exp_comp] suffices Tendsto (fun x => x * (b * x ^ (p - 1) + -1)) atTop atTop by refine Tendsto.congr' ?_ this refine eventuallyEq_of_mem (Ioi_mem_atTop (0 : ℝ)) (fun x hx => ?_) rw [mem_Ioi] at hx rw [rpow_sub_one hx.ne'] field_simp [hx.ne'] ring apply Tendsto.atTop_mul_atTop tendsto_id refine tendsto_atTop_add_const_right atTop (-1 : ℝ) ?_ exact Tendsto.const_mul_atTop hb (tendsto_rpow_atTop (by linarith)) theorem exp_neg_mul_sq_isLittleO_exp_neg {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) : (fun x : ℝ => exp (-b * x ^ 2)) =o[atTop] fun x : ℝ => exp (-x) := by simp_rw [← rpow_two] exact exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg hb one_lt_two #align exp_neg_mul_sq_is_o_exp_neg exp_neg_mul_sq_isLittleO_exp_neg theorem rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg (s : ℝ) {b p : ℝ} (hp : 1 < p) (hb : 0 < b) : (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (- b * x ^ p)) =o[atTop] fun x : ℝ => exp (-(1 / 2) * x) := by apply ((isBigO_refl (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s) atTop).mul_isLittleO (exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg hb hp)).trans simpa only [mul_comm] using Real.Gamma_integrand_isLittleO s theorem rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq_isLittleO_exp_neg {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) (s : ℝ) : (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (-b * x ^ 2)) =o[atTop] fun x : ℝ => exp (-(1 / 2) * x) := by simp_rw [← rpow_two] exact rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg s one_lt_two hb #align rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq_is_o_exp_neg rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq_isLittleO_exp_neg theorem integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_rpow {p s : ℝ} (hs : -1 < s) (hp : 1 ≤ p) : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (- x ^ p)) (Ioi 0) := by obtain hp | hp := le_iff_lt_or_eq.mp hp · have h_exp : ∀ x, ContinuousAt (fun x => exp (- x)) x := fun x => continuousAt_neg.rexp rw [← Ioc_union_Ioi_eq_Ioi zero_le_one, integrableOn_union] constructor · rw [← integrableOn_Icc_iff_integrableOn_Ioc] refine IntegrableOn.mul_continuousOn ?_ ?_ isCompact_Icc · refine (intervalIntegrable_iff_integrableOn_Icc_of_le zero_le_one).mp ?_ exact intervalIntegral.intervalIntegrable_rpow' hs · intro x _ change ContinuousWithinAt ((fun x => exp (- x)) ∘ (fun x => x ^ p)) (Icc 0 1) x refine ContinuousAt.comp_continuousWithinAt (h_exp _) ?_ exact continuousWithinAt_id.rpow_const (Or.inr (le_of_lt (lt_trans zero_lt_one hp))) · have h_rpow : ∀ (x r : ℝ), x ∈ Ici 1 → ContinuousWithinAt (fun x => x ^ r) (Ici 1) x := by intro _ _ hx refine continuousWithinAt_id.rpow_const (Or.inl ?_) exact ne_of_gt (lt_of_lt_of_le zero_lt_one hx) refine integrable_of_isBigO_exp_neg (by norm_num : (0:ℝ) < 1 / 2) (ContinuousOn.mul (fun x hx => h_rpow x s hx) (fun x hx => ?_)) (IsLittleO.isBigO ?_) · change ContinuousWithinAt ((fun x => exp (- x)) ∘ (fun x => x ^ p)) (Ici 1) x exact ContinuousAt.comp_continuousWithinAt (h_exp _) (h_rpow x p hx) · convert rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_rpow_isLittleO_exp_neg s hp (by norm_num : (0:ℝ) < 1) using 3 rw [neg_mul, one_mul] · simp_rw [← hp, Real.rpow_one] convert Real.GammaIntegral_convergent (by linarith : 0 < s + 1) using 2 rw [add_sub_cancel_right, mul_comm] theorem integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_rpow {p s b : ℝ} (hs : -1 < s) (hp : 1 ≤ p) (hb : 0 < b) : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (- b * x ^ p)) (Ioi 0) := by have hib : 0 < b ^ (-p⁻¹) := rpow_pos_of_pos hb _ suffices IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ (b ^ (-p⁻¹)) ^ s * (x ^ s * exp (-x ^ p))) (Ioi 0) by rw [show 0 = b ^ (-p⁻¹) * 0 by rw [mul_zero], ← integrableOn_Ioi_comp_mul_left_iff _ _ hib] refine this.congr_fun (fun _ hx => ?_) measurableSet_Ioi rw [← mul_assoc, mul_rpow, mul_rpow, ← rpow_mul (z := p), neg_mul, neg_mul, inv_mul_cancel, rpow_neg_one, mul_inv_cancel_left₀] all_goals linarith [mem_Ioi.mp hx] refine Integrable.const_mul ?_ _ rw [← IntegrableOn] exact integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_rpow hs hp theorem integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) {s : ℝ} (hs : -1 < s) : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (-b * x ^ 2)) (Ioi 0) := by simp_rw [← rpow_two] exact integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_rpow hs one_le_two hb #align integrable_on_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq theorem integrable_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) {s : ℝ} (hs : -1 < s) : Integrable fun x : ℝ => x ^ s * exp (-b * x ^ 2) := by rw [← integrableOn_univ, ← @Iio_union_Ici _ _ (0 : ℝ), integrableOn_union, integrableOn_Ici_iff_integrableOn_Ioi] refine ⟨?_, integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq hb hs⟩ rw [← (Measure.measurePreserving_neg (volume : Measure ℝ)).integrableOn_comp_preimage (Homeomorph.neg ℝ).measurableEmbedding] simp only [Function.comp, neg_sq, neg_preimage, preimage_neg_Iio, neg_neg, neg_zero] apply Integrable.mono' (integrableOn_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq hb hs) · apply Measurable.aestronglyMeasurable exact (measurable_id'.neg.pow measurable_const).mul ((measurable_id'.pow measurable_const).const_mul (-b)).exp · have : MeasurableSet (Ioi (0 : ℝ)) := measurableSet_Ioi filter_upwards [ae_restrict_mem this] with x hx have h'x : 0 ≤ x := le_of_lt hx rw [Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_mul, abs_of_nonneg (exp_pos _).le] apply mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right _ (exp_pos _).le simpa [abs_of_nonneg h'x] using abs_rpow_le_abs_rpow (-x) s #align integrable_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq integrable_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq theorem integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) : Integrable fun x : ℝ => exp (-b * x ^ 2) := by simpa using integrable_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq hb (by norm_num : (-1 : ℝ) < 0) #align integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq theorem integrableOn_Ioi_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff {b : ℝ} : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ => exp (-b * x ^ 2)) (Ioi 0) ↔ 0 < b := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun h => (integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq h).integrableOn⟩ by_contra! hb have : ∫⁻ _ : ℝ in Ioi 0, 1 ≤ ∫⁻ x : ℝ in Ioi 0, ‖exp (-b * x ^ 2)‖₊ := by apply lintegral_mono (fun x ↦ _) simp only [neg_mul, ENNReal.one_le_coe_iff, ← toNNReal_one, toNNReal_le_iff_le_coe, Real.norm_of_nonneg (exp_pos _).le, coe_nnnorm, one_le_exp_iff, Right.nonneg_neg_iff] exact fun x ↦ mul_nonpos_of_nonpos_of_nonneg hb (sq_nonneg x) simpa using this.trans_lt h.2 #align integrable_on_Ioi_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff integrableOn_Ioi_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff theorem integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff {b : ℝ} : (Integrable fun x : ℝ => exp (-b * x ^ 2)) ↔ 0 < b := ⟨fun h => integrableOn_Ioi_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff.mp h.integrableOn, integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq⟩ #align integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq_iff theorem integrable_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℝ} (hb : 0 < b) : Integrable fun x : ℝ => x * exp (-b * x ^ 2) := by simpa using integrable_rpow_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq hb (by norm_num : (-1 : ℝ) < 1) #align integrable_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq integrable_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq theorem norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq (b : ℂ) (x : ℝ) : ‖Complex.exp (-b * (x : ℂ) ^ 2)‖ = exp (-b.re * x ^ 2) := by rw [Complex.norm_eq_abs, Complex.abs_exp, ← ofReal_pow, mul_comm (-b) _, re_ofReal_mul, neg_re, mul_comm] #align norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq theorem integrable_cexp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℂ} (hb : 0 < b.re) : Integrable fun x : ℝ => cexp (-b * (x : ℂ) ^ 2) := by refine ⟨(Complex.continuous_exp.comp (continuous_const.mul (continuous_ofReal.pow 2))).aestronglyMeasurable, ?_⟩ rw [← hasFiniteIntegral_norm_iff] simp_rw [norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq] exact (integrable_exp_neg_mul_sq hb).2 #align integrable_cexp_neg_mul_sq integrable_cexp_neg_mul_sq theorem integrable_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℂ} (hb : 0 < b.re) : Integrable fun x : ℝ => ↑x * cexp (-b * (x : ℂ) ^ 2) := by refine ⟨(continuous_ofReal.mul (Complex.continuous_exp.comp ?_)).aestronglyMeasurable, ?_⟩ · exact continuous_const.mul (continuous_ofReal.pow 2) have := (integrable_mul_exp_neg_mul_sq hb).hasFiniteIntegral rw [← hasFiniteIntegral_norm_iff] at this ⊢ convert this rw [norm_mul, norm_mul, norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq b, Complex.norm_eq_abs, abs_ofReal, Real.norm_eq_abs, norm_of_nonneg (exp_pos _).le] #align integrable_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq integrable_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq theorem integral_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq {b : ℂ} (hb : 0 < b.re) : ∫ r : ℝ in Ioi 0, (r : ℂ) * cexp (-b * (r : ℂ) ^ 2) = (2 * b)⁻¹ := by have hb' : b ≠ 0 := by contrapose! hb; rw [hb, zero_re] have A : ∀ x : ℂ, HasDerivAt (fun x => -(2 * b)⁻¹ * cexp (-b * x ^ 2)) (x * cexp (-b * x ^ 2)) x := by intro x convert ((hasDerivAt_pow 2 x).const_mul (-b)).cexp.const_mul (-(2 * b)⁻¹) using 1 field_simp [hb'] ring have B : Tendsto (fun y : ℝ ↦ -(2 * b)⁻¹ * cexp (-b * (y : ℂ) ^ 2)) atTop (𝓝 (-(2 * b)⁻¹ * 0)) := by refine Tendsto.const_mul _ (tendsto_zero_iff_norm_tendsto_zero.mpr ?_) simp_rw [norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq b] exact tendsto_exp_atBot.comp ((tendsto_pow_atTop two_ne_zero).const_mul_atTop_of_neg (neg_lt_zero.2 hb)) convert integral_Ioi_of_hasDerivAt_of_tendsto' (fun x _ => (A ↑x).comp_ofReal) (integrable_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq hb).integrableOn B using 1 simp only [mul_zero, ofReal_zero, zero_pow, Ne, bit0_eq_zero, Nat.one_ne_zero, not_false_iff, Complex.exp_zero, mul_one, sub_neg_eq_add, zero_add] #align integral_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq integral_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Gaussian/GaussianIntegral.lean
205
235
theorem integral_gaussian_sq_complex {b : ℂ} (hb : 0 < b.re) : (∫ x : ℝ, cexp (-b * (x : ℂ) ^ 2)) ^ 2 = π / b := by
/- We compute `(∫ exp (-b x^2))^2` as an integral over `ℝ^2`, and then make a polar change of coordinates. We are left with `∫ r * exp (-b r^2)`, which has been computed in `integral_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq` using the fact that this function has an obvious primitive. -/ calc (∫ x : ℝ, cexp (-b * (x : ℂ) ^ 2)) ^ 2 = ∫ p : ℝ × ℝ, cexp (-b * (p.1 : ℂ) ^ 2) * cexp (-b * (p.2 : ℂ) ^ 2) := by rw [pow_two, ← integral_prod_mul]; rfl _ = ∫ p : ℝ × ℝ, cexp (-b * ((p.1 : ℂ)^ 2 + (p.2 : ℂ) ^ 2)) := by congr ext1 p rw [← Complex.exp_add, mul_add] _ = ∫ p in polarCoord.target, p.1 • cexp (-b * ((p.1 * Complex.cos p.2) ^ 2 + (p.1 * Complex.sin p.2) ^ 2)) := by rw [← integral_comp_polarCoord_symm] simp only [polarCoord_symm_apply, ofReal_mul, ofReal_cos, ofReal_sin] _ = (∫ r in Ioi (0 : ℝ), r * cexp (-b * (r : ℂ) ^ 2)) * ∫ θ in Ioo (-π) π, 1 := by rw [← setIntegral_prod_mul] congr with p : 1 rw [mul_one] congr conv_rhs => rw [← one_mul ((p.1 : ℂ) ^ 2), ← sin_sq_add_cos_sq (p.2 : ℂ)] ring _ = ↑π / b := by have : 0 ≤ π + π := by linarith [Real.pi_pos] simp only [integral_const, Measure.restrict_apply', measurableSet_Ioo, univ_inter, volume_Ioo, sub_neg_eq_add, ENNReal.toReal_ofReal, this] rw [← two_mul, real_smul, mul_one, ofReal_mul, ofReal_ofNat, integral_mul_cexp_neg_mul_sq hb] field_simp [(by contrapose! hb; rw [hb, zero_re] : b ≠ 0)] ring
import Mathlib.Algebra.Algebra.Defs import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.FieldDivision import Mathlib.FieldTheory.Minpoly.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.Adjoin.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.FinitePresentation import Mathlib.RingTheory.FiniteType import Mathlib.RingTheory.PowerBasis import Mathlib.RingTheory.PrincipalIdealDomain import Mathlib.RingTheory.QuotientNoetherian #align_import ring_theory.adjoin_root from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"5c4b3d41a84bd2a1d79c7d9265e58a891e71be89" noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Polynomial universe u v w variable {R : Type u} {S : Type v} {K : Type w} open Polynomial Ideal def AdjoinRoot [CommRing R] (f : R[X]) : Type u := Polynomial R ⧸ (span {f} : Ideal R[X]) #align adjoin_root AdjoinRoot namespace AdjoinRoot section CommRing variable [CommRing R] (f : R[X]) instance instCommRing : CommRing (AdjoinRoot f) := Ideal.Quotient.commRing _ #align adjoin_root.comm_ring AdjoinRoot.instCommRing instance : Inhabited (AdjoinRoot f) := ⟨0⟩ instance : DecidableEq (AdjoinRoot f) := Classical.decEq _ protected theorem nontrivial [IsDomain R] (h : degree f ≠ 0) : Nontrivial (AdjoinRoot f) := Ideal.Quotient.nontrivial (by simp_rw [Ne, span_singleton_eq_top, Polynomial.isUnit_iff, not_exists, not_and] rintro x hx rfl exact h (degree_C hx.ne_zero)) #align adjoin_root.nontrivial AdjoinRoot.nontrivial def mk : R[X] →+* AdjoinRoot f := Ideal.Quotient.mk _ #align adjoin_root.mk AdjoinRoot.mk @[elab_as_elim] theorem induction_on {C : AdjoinRoot f → Prop} (x : AdjoinRoot f) (ih : ∀ p : R[X], C (mk f p)) : C x := Quotient.inductionOn' x ih #align adjoin_root.induction_on AdjoinRoot.induction_on def of : R →+* AdjoinRoot f := (mk f).comp C #align adjoin_root.of AdjoinRoot.of instance instSMulAdjoinRoot [DistribSMul S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] : SMul S (AdjoinRoot f) := Submodule.Quotient.instSMul' _ instance [DistribSMul S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] : DistribSMul S (AdjoinRoot f) := Submodule.Quotient.distribSMul' _ @[simp] theorem smul_mk [DistribSMul S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] (a : S) (x : R[X]) : a • mk f x = mk f (a • x) := rfl #align adjoin_root.smul_mk AdjoinRoot.smul_mk theorem smul_of [DistribSMul S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] (a : S) (x : R) : a • of f x = of f (a • x) := by rw [of, RingHom.comp_apply, RingHom.comp_apply, smul_mk, smul_C] #align adjoin_root.smul_of AdjoinRoot.smul_of instance (R₁ R₂ : Type*) [SMul R₁ R₂] [DistribSMul R₁ R] [DistribSMul R₂ R] [IsScalarTower R₁ R R] [IsScalarTower R₂ R R] [IsScalarTower R₁ R₂ R] (f : R[X]) : IsScalarTower R₁ R₂ (AdjoinRoot f) := Submodule.Quotient.isScalarTower _ _ instance (R₁ R₂ : Type*) [DistribSMul R₁ R] [DistribSMul R₂ R] [IsScalarTower R₁ R R] [IsScalarTower R₂ R R] [SMulCommClass R₁ R₂ R] (f : R[X]) : SMulCommClass R₁ R₂ (AdjoinRoot f) := Submodule.Quotient.smulCommClass _ _ instance isScalarTower_right [DistribSMul S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] : IsScalarTower S (AdjoinRoot f) (AdjoinRoot f) := Ideal.Quotient.isScalarTower_right #align adjoin_root.is_scalar_tower_right AdjoinRoot.isScalarTower_right instance [Monoid S] [DistribMulAction S R] [IsScalarTower S R R] (f : R[X]) : DistribMulAction S (AdjoinRoot f) := Submodule.Quotient.distribMulAction' _ instance [CommSemiring S] [Algebra S R] : Algebra S (AdjoinRoot f) := Ideal.Quotient.algebra S @[simp] theorem algebraMap_eq : algebraMap R (AdjoinRoot f) = of f := rfl #align adjoin_root.algebra_map_eq AdjoinRoot.algebraMap_eq variable (S) theorem algebraMap_eq' [CommSemiring S] [Algebra S R] : algebraMap S (AdjoinRoot f) = (of f).comp (algebraMap S R) := rfl #align adjoin_root.algebra_map_eq' AdjoinRoot.algebraMap_eq' variable {S} theorem finiteType : Algebra.FiniteType R (AdjoinRoot f) := (Algebra.FiniteType.polynomial R).of_surjective _ (Ideal.Quotient.mkₐ_surjective R _) #align adjoin_root.finite_type AdjoinRoot.finiteType theorem finitePresentation : Algebra.FinitePresentation R (AdjoinRoot f) := (Algebra.FinitePresentation.polynomial R).quotient (Submodule.fg_span_singleton f) #align adjoin_root.finite_presentation AdjoinRoot.finitePresentation def root : AdjoinRoot f := mk f X #align adjoin_root.root AdjoinRoot.root variable {f} instance hasCoeT : CoeTC R (AdjoinRoot f) := ⟨of f⟩ #align adjoin_root.has_coe_t AdjoinRoot.hasCoeT @[ext] theorem algHom_ext [Semiring S] [Algebra R S] {g₁ g₂ : AdjoinRoot f →ₐ[R] S} (h : g₁ (root f) = g₂ (root f)) : g₁ = g₂ := Ideal.Quotient.algHom_ext R <| Polynomial.algHom_ext h #align adjoin_root.alg_hom_ext AdjoinRoot.algHom_ext @[simp] theorem mk_eq_mk {g h : R[X]} : mk f g = mk f h ↔ f ∣ g - h := Ideal.Quotient.eq.trans Ideal.mem_span_singleton #align adjoin_root.mk_eq_mk AdjoinRoot.mk_eq_mk @[simp] theorem mk_eq_zero {g : R[X]} : mk f g = 0 ↔ f ∣ g := mk_eq_mk.trans <| by rw [sub_zero] #align adjoin_root.mk_eq_zero AdjoinRoot.mk_eq_zero @[simp] theorem mk_self : mk f f = 0 := Quotient.sound' <| QuotientAddGroup.leftRel_apply.mpr (mem_span_singleton.2 <| by simp) #align adjoin_root.mk_self AdjoinRoot.mk_self @[simp] theorem mk_C (x : R) : mk f (C x) = x := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align adjoin_root.mk_C AdjoinRoot.mk_C @[simp] theorem mk_X : mk f X = root f := rfl set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align adjoin_root.mk_X AdjoinRoot.mk_X theorem mk_ne_zero_of_degree_lt (hf : Monic f) {g : R[X]} (h0 : g ≠ 0) (hd : degree g < degree f) : mk f g ≠ 0 := mk_eq_zero.not.2 <| hf.not_dvd_of_degree_lt h0 hd #align adjoin_root.mk_ne_zero_of_degree_lt AdjoinRoot.mk_ne_zero_of_degree_lt theorem mk_ne_zero_of_natDegree_lt (hf : Monic f) {g : R[X]} (h0 : g ≠ 0) (hd : natDegree g < natDegree f) : mk f g ≠ 0 := mk_eq_zero.not.2 <| hf.not_dvd_of_natDegree_lt h0 hd #align adjoin_root.mk_ne_zero_of_nat_degree_lt AdjoinRoot.mk_ne_zero_of_natDegree_lt @[simp] theorem aeval_eq (p : R[X]) : aeval (root f) p = mk f p := Polynomial.induction_on p (fun x => by rw [aeval_C] rfl) (fun p q ihp ihq => by rw [AlgHom.map_add, RingHom.map_add, ihp, ihq]) fun n x _ => by rw [AlgHom.map_mul, aeval_C, AlgHom.map_pow, aeval_X, RingHom.map_mul, mk_C, RingHom.map_pow, mk_X] rfl #align adjoin_root.aeval_eq AdjoinRoot.aeval_eq -- Porting note: the following proof was partly in term-mode, but I was not able to fix it. theorem adjoinRoot_eq_top : Algebra.adjoin R ({root f} : Set (AdjoinRoot f)) = ⊤ := by refine Algebra.eq_top_iff.2 fun x => ?_ induction x using AdjoinRoot.induction_on with | ih p => exact (Algebra.adjoin_singleton_eq_range_aeval R (root f)).symm ▸ ⟨p, aeval_eq p⟩ #align adjoin_root.adjoin_root_eq_top AdjoinRoot.adjoinRoot_eq_top @[simp] theorem eval₂_root (f : R[X]) : f.eval₂ (of f) (root f) = 0 := by rw [← algebraMap_eq, ← aeval_def, aeval_eq, mk_self] #align adjoin_root.eval₂_root AdjoinRoot.eval₂_root theorem isRoot_root (f : R[X]) : IsRoot (f.map (of f)) (root f) := by rw [IsRoot, eval_map, eval₂_root] #align adjoin_root.is_root_root AdjoinRoot.isRoot_root theorem isAlgebraic_root (hf : f ≠ 0) : IsAlgebraic R (root f) := ⟨f, hf, eval₂_root f⟩ #align adjoin_root.is_algebraic_root AdjoinRoot.isAlgebraic_root theorem of.injective_of_degree_ne_zero [IsDomain R] (hf : f.degree ≠ 0) : Function.Injective (AdjoinRoot.of f) := by rw [injective_iff_map_eq_zero] intro p hp rw [AdjoinRoot.of, RingHom.comp_apply, AdjoinRoot.mk_eq_zero] at hp by_cases h : f = 0 · exact C_eq_zero.mp (eq_zero_of_zero_dvd (by rwa [h] at hp)) · contrapose! hf with h_contra rw [← degree_C h_contra] apply le_antisymm (degree_le_of_dvd hp (by rwa [Ne, C_eq_zero])) _ rwa [degree_C h_contra, zero_le_degree_iff] #align adjoin_root.of.injective_of_degree_ne_zero AdjoinRoot.of.injective_of_degree_ne_zero variable [CommRing S] def lift (i : R →+* S) (x : S) (h : f.eval₂ i x = 0) : AdjoinRoot f →+* S := by apply Ideal.Quotient.lift _ (eval₂RingHom i x) intro g H rcases mem_span_singleton.1 H with ⟨y, hy⟩ rw [hy, RingHom.map_mul, coe_eval₂RingHom, h, zero_mul] #align adjoin_root.lift AdjoinRoot.lift variable {i : R →+* S} {a : S} (h : f.eval₂ i a = 0) @[simp] theorem lift_mk (g : R[X]) : lift i a h (mk f g) = g.eval₂ i a := Ideal.Quotient.lift_mk _ _ _ #align adjoin_root.lift_mk AdjoinRoot.lift_mk @[simp] theorem lift_root : lift i a h (root f) = a := by rw [root, lift_mk, eval₂_X] #align adjoin_root.lift_root AdjoinRoot.lift_root @[simp] theorem lift_of {x : R} : lift i a h x = i x := by rw [← mk_C x, lift_mk, eval₂_C] #align adjoin_root.lift_of AdjoinRoot.lift_of @[simp] theorem lift_comp_of : (lift i a h).comp (of f) = i := RingHom.ext fun _ => @lift_of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h _ #align adjoin_root.lift_comp_of AdjoinRoot.lift_comp_of variable (f) [Algebra R S] def liftHom (x : S) (hfx : aeval x f = 0) : AdjoinRoot f →ₐ[R] S := { lift (algebraMap R S) x hfx with commutes' := fun r => show lift _ _ hfx r = _ from lift_of hfx } #align adjoin_root.lift_hom AdjoinRoot.liftHom @[simp] theorem coe_liftHom (x : S) (hfx : aeval x f = 0) : (liftHom f x hfx : AdjoinRoot f →+* S) = lift (algebraMap R S) x hfx := rfl #align adjoin_root.coe_lift_hom AdjoinRoot.coe_liftHom @[simp] theorem aeval_algHom_eq_zero (ϕ : AdjoinRoot f →ₐ[R] S) : aeval (ϕ (root f)) f = 0 := by have h : ϕ.toRingHom.comp (of f) = algebraMap R S := RingHom.ext_iff.mpr ϕ.commutes rw [aeval_def, ← h, ← RingHom.map_zero ϕ.toRingHom, ← eval₂_root f, hom_eval₂] rfl #align adjoin_root.aeval_alg_hom_eq_zero AdjoinRoot.aeval_algHom_eq_zero @[simp]
Mathlib/RingTheory/AdjoinRoot.lean
322
327
theorem liftHom_eq_algHom (f : R[X]) (ϕ : AdjoinRoot f →ₐ[R] S) : liftHom f (ϕ (root f)) (aeval_algHom_eq_zero f ϕ) = ϕ := by
suffices ϕ.equalizer (liftHom f (ϕ (root f)) (aeval_algHom_eq_zero f ϕ)) = ⊤ by exact (AlgHom.ext fun x => (SetLike.ext_iff.mp this x).mpr Algebra.mem_top).symm rw [eq_top_iff, ← adjoinRoot_eq_top, Algebra.adjoin_le_iff, Set.singleton_subset_iff] exact (@lift_root _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (aeval_algHom_eq_zero f ϕ)).symm
import Mathlib.Tactic.Qify import Mathlib.Data.ZMod.Basic import Mathlib.NumberTheory.DiophantineApproximation import Mathlib.NumberTheory.Zsqrtd.Basic #align_import number_theory.pell from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7ad820c4997738e2f542f8a20f32911f52020e26" namespace Pell open Zsqrtd theorem is_pell_solution_iff_mem_unitary {d : ℤ} {a : ℤ√d} : a.re ^ 2 - d * a.im ^ 2 = 1 ↔ a ∈ unitary (ℤ√d) := by rw [← norm_eq_one_iff_mem_unitary, norm_def, sq, sq, ← mul_assoc] #align pell.is_pell_solution_iff_mem_unitary Pell.is_pell_solution_iff_mem_unitary -- We use `solution₁ d` to allow for a more general structure `solution d m` that -- encodes solutions to `x^2 - d*y^2 = m` to be added later. def Solution₁ (d : ℤ) : Type := ↥(unitary (ℤ√d)) #align pell.solution₁ Pell.Solution₁ section Existence variable {d : ℤ} open Set Real
Mathlib/NumberTheory/Pell.lean
367
434
theorem exists_of_not_isSquare (h₀ : 0 < d) (hd : ¬IsSquare d) : ∃ x y : ℤ, x ^ 2 - d * y ^ 2 = 1 ∧ y ≠ 0 := by
let ξ : ℝ := √d have hξ : Irrational ξ := by refine irrational_nrt_of_notint_nrt 2 d (sq_sqrt <| Int.cast_nonneg.mpr h₀.le) ?_ two_pos rintro ⟨x, hx⟩ refine hd ⟨x, @Int.cast_injective ℝ _ _ d (x * x) ?_⟩ rw [← sq_sqrt <| Int.cast_nonneg.mpr h₀.le, Int.cast_mul, ← hx, sq] obtain ⟨M, hM₁⟩ := exists_int_gt (2 * |ξ| + 1) have hM : {q : ℚ | |q.1 ^ 2 - d * (q.2 : ℤ) ^ 2| < M}.Infinite := by refine Infinite.mono (fun q h => ?_) (infinite_rat_abs_sub_lt_one_div_den_sq_of_irrational hξ) have h0 : 0 < (q.2 : ℝ) ^ 2 := pow_pos (Nat.cast_pos.mpr q.pos) 2 have h1 : (q.num : ℝ) / (q.den : ℝ) = q := mod_cast q.num_div_den rw [mem_setOf, abs_sub_comm, ← @Int.cast_lt ℝ, ← div_lt_div_right (abs_pos_of_pos h0)] push_cast rw [← abs_div, abs_sq, sub_div, mul_div_cancel_right₀ _ h0.ne', ← div_pow, h1, ← sq_sqrt (Int.cast_pos.mpr h₀).le, sq_sub_sq, abs_mul, ← mul_one_div] refine mul_lt_mul'' (((abs_add ξ q).trans ?_).trans_lt hM₁) h (abs_nonneg _) (abs_nonneg _) rw [two_mul, add_assoc, add_le_add_iff_left, ← sub_le_iff_le_add'] rw [mem_setOf, abs_sub_comm] at h refine (abs_sub_abs_le_abs_sub (q : ℝ) ξ).trans (h.le.trans ?_) rw [div_le_one h0, one_le_sq_iff_one_le_abs, Nat.abs_cast, Nat.one_le_cast] exact q.pos obtain ⟨m, hm⟩ : ∃ m : ℤ, {q : ℚ | q.1 ^ 2 - d * (q.den : ℤ) ^ 2 = m}.Infinite := by contrapose! hM simp only [not_infinite] at hM ⊢ refine (congr_arg _ (ext fun x => ?_)).mp (Finite.biUnion (finite_Ioo (-M) M) fun m _ => hM m) simp only [abs_lt, mem_setOf, mem_Ioo, mem_iUnion, exists_prop, exists_eq_right'] have hm₀ : m ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl obtain ⟨q, hq⟩ := hm.nonempty rw [mem_setOf, sub_eq_zero, mul_comm] at hq obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := (Int.pow_dvd_pow_iff two_ne_zero).mp ⟨d, hq⟩ rw [ha, mul_pow, mul_right_inj' (pow_pos (Int.natCast_pos.mpr q.pos) 2).ne'] at hq exact hd ⟨a, sq a ▸ hq.symm⟩ haveI := neZero_iff.mpr (Int.natAbs_ne_zero.mpr hm₀) let f : ℚ → ZMod m.natAbs × ZMod m.natAbs := fun q => (q.num, q.den) obtain ⟨q₁, h₁ : q₁.num ^ 2 - d * (q₁.den : ℤ) ^ 2 = m, q₂, h₂ : q₂.num ^ 2 - d * (q₂.den : ℤ) ^ 2 = m, hne, hqf⟩ := hm.exists_ne_map_eq_of_mapsTo (mapsTo_univ f _) finite_univ obtain ⟨hq1 : (q₁.num : ZMod m.natAbs) = q₂.num, hq2 : (q₁.den : ZMod m.natAbs) = q₂.den⟩ := Prod.ext_iff.mp hqf have hd₁ : m ∣ q₁.num * q₂.num - d * (q₁.den * q₂.den) := by rw [← Int.natAbs_dvd, ← ZMod.intCast_zmod_eq_zero_iff_dvd] push_cast rw [hq1, hq2, ← sq, ← sq] norm_cast rw [ZMod.intCast_zmod_eq_zero_iff_dvd, Int.natAbs_dvd, Nat.cast_pow, ← h₂] have hd₂ : m ∣ q₁.num * q₂.den - q₂.num * q₁.den := by rw [← Int.natAbs_dvd, ← ZMod.intCast_eq_intCast_iff_dvd_sub] push_cast rw [hq1, hq2] replace hm₀ : (m : ℚ) ≠ 0 := Int.cast_ne_zero.mpr hm₀ refine ⟨(q₁.num * q₂.num - d * (q₁.den * q₂.den)) / m, (q₁.num * q₂.den - q₂.num * q₁.den) / m, ?_, ?_⟩ · qify [hd₁, hd₂] field_simp [hm₀] norm_cast conv_rhs => rw [sq] congr · rw [← h₁] · rw [← h₂] push_cast ring · qify [hd₂] refine div_ne_zero_iff.mpr ⟨?_, hm₀⟩ exact mod_cast mt sub_eq_zero.mp (mt Rat.eq_iff_mul_eq_mul.mpr hne)
import Mathlib.Data.Real.Sqrt import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Star.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.ContinuousLinearMap import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Basic #align_import data.is_R_or_C.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"baa88307f3e699fa7054ef04ec79fa4f056169cb" section local notation "𝓚" => algebraMap ℝ _ open ComplexConjugate class RCLike (K : semiOutParam Type*) extends DenselyNormedField K, StarRing K, NormedAlgebra ℝ K, CompleteSpace K where re : K →+ ℝ im : K →+ ℝ I : K I_re_ax : re I = 0 I_mul_I_ax : I = 0 ∨ I * I = -1 re_add_im_ax : ∀ z : K, 𝓚 (re z) + 𝓚 (im z) * I = z ofReal_re_ax : ∀ r : ℝ, re (𝓚 r) = r ofReal_im_ax : ∀ r : ℝ, im (𝓚 r) = 0 mul_re_ax : ∀ z w : K, re (z * w) = re z * re w - im z * im w mul_im_ax : ∀ z w : K, im (z * w) = re z * im w + im z * re w conj_re_ax : ∀ z : K, re (conj z) = re z conj_im_ax : ∀ z : K, im (conj z) = -im z conj_I_ax : conj I = -I norm_sq_eq_def_ax : ∀ z : K, ‖z‖ ^ 2 = re z * re z + im z * im z mul_im_I_ax : ∀ z : K, im z * im I = im z [toPartialOrder : PartialOrder K] le_iff_re_im {z w : K} : z ≤ w ↔ re z ≤ re w ∧ im z = im w -- note we cannot put this in the `extends` clause [toDecidableEq : DecidableEq K] #align is_R_or_C RCLike scoped[ComplexOrder] attribute [instance 100] RCLike.toPartialOrder attribute [instance 100] RCLike.toDecidableEq end variable {K E : Type*} [RCLike K] namespace RCLike open ComplexConjugate @[coe] abbrev ofReal : ℝ → K := Algebra.cast noncomputable instance (priority := 900) algebraMapCoe : CoeTC ℝ K := ⟨ofReal⟩ #align is_R_or_C.algebra_map_coe RCLike.algebraMapCoe theorem ofReal_alg (x : ℝ) : (x : K) = x • (1 : K) := Algebra.algebraMap_eq_smul_one x #align is_R_or_C.of_real_alg RCLike.ofReal_alg theorem real_smul_eq_coe_mul (r : ℝ) (z : K) : r • z = (r : K) * z := Algebra.smul_def r z #align is_R_or_C.real_smul_eq_coe_mul RCLike.real_smul_eq_coe_mul theorem real_smul_eq_coe_smul [AddCommGroup E] [Module K E] [Module ℝ E] [IsScalarTower ℝ K E] (r : ℝ) (x : E) : r • x = (r : K) • x := by rw [RCLike.ofReal_alg, smul_one_smul] #align is_R_or_C.real_smul_eq_coe_smul RCLike.real_smul_eq_coe_smul theorem algebraMap_eq_ofReal : ⇑(algebraMap ℝ K) = ofReal := rfl #align is_R_or_C.algebra_map_eq_of_real RCLike.algebraMap_eq_ofReal @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem re_add_im (z : K) : (re z : K) + im z * I = z := RCLike.re_add_im_ax z #align is_R_or_C.re_add_im RCLike.re_add_im @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_re : ∀ r : ℝ, re (r : K) = r := RCLike.ofReal_re_ax #align is_R_or_C.of_real_re RCLike.ofReal_re @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_im : ∀ r : ℝ, im (r : K) = 0 := RCLike.ofReal_im_ax #align is_R_or_C.of_real_im RCLike.ofReal_im @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem mul_re : ∀ z w : K, re (z * w) = re z * re w - im z * im w := RCLike.mul_re_ax #align is_R_or_C.mul_re RCLike.mul_re @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem mul_im : ∀ z w : K, im (z * w) = re z * im w + im z * re w := RCLike.mul_im_ax #align is_R_or_C.mul_im RCLike.mul_im theorem ext_iff {z w : K} : z = w ↔ re z = re w ∧ im z = im w := ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨rfl, rfl⟩, fun ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => re_add_im z ▸ re_add_im w ▸ h₁ ▸ h₂ ▸ rfl⟩ #align is_R_or_C.ext_iff RCLike.ext_iff theorem ext {z w : K} (hre : re z = re w) (him : im z = im w) : z = w := ext_iff.2 ⟨hre, him⟩ #align is_R_or_C.ext RCLike.ext @[norm_cast] theorem ofReal_zero : ((0 : ℝ) : K) = 0 := algebraMap.coe_zero #align is_R_or_C.of_real_zero RCLike.ofReal_zero @[rclike_simps] theorem zero_re' : re (0 : K) = (0 : ℝ) := map_zero re #align is_R_or_C.zero_re' RCLike.zero_re' @[norm_cast] theorem ofReal_one : ((1 : ℝ) : K) = 1 := map_one (algebraMap ℝ K) #align is_R_or_C.of_real_one RCLike.ofReal_one @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem one_re : re (1 : K) = 1 := by rw [← ofReal_one, ofReal_re] #align is_R_or_C.one_re RCLike.one_re @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem one_im : im (1 : K) = 0 := by rw [← ofReal_one, ofReal_im] #align is_R_or_C.one_im RCLike.one_im theorem ofReal_injective : Function.Injective ((↑) : ℝ → K) := (algebraMap ℝ K).injective #align is_R_or_C.of_real_injective RCLike.ofReal_injective @[norm_cast] theorem ofReal_inj {z w : ℝ} : (z : K) = (w : K) ↔ z = w := algebraMap.coe_inj #align is_R_or_C.of_real_inj RCLike.ofReal_inj -- replaced by `RCLike.ofNat_re` #noalign is_R_or_C.bit0_re #noalign is_R_or_C.bit1_re -- replaced by `RCLike.ofNat_im` #noalign is_R_or_C.bit0_im #noalign is_R_or_C.bit1_im theorem ofReal_eq_zero {x : ℝ} : (x : K) = 0 ↔ x = 0 := algebraMap.lift_map_eq_zero_iff x #align is_R_or_C.of_real_eq_zero RCLike.ofReal_eq_zero theorem ofReal_ne_zero {x : ℝ} : (x : K) ≠ 0 ↔ x ≠ 0 := ofReal_eq_zero.not #align is_R_or_C.of_real_ne_zero RCLike.ofReal_ne_zero @[simp, rclike_simps, norm_cast] theorem ofReal_add (r s : ℝ) : ((r + s : ℝ) : K) = r + s := algebraMap.coe_add _ _ #align is_R_or_C.of_real_add RCLike.ofReal_add -- replaced by `RCLike.ofReal_ofNat` #noalign is_R_or_C.of_real_bit0 #noalign is_R_or_C.of_real_bit1 @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_neg (r : ℝ) : ((-r : ℝ) : K) = -r := algebraMap.coe_neg r #align is_R_or_C.of_real_neg RCLike.ofReal_neg @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_sub (r s : ℝ) : ((r - s : ℝ) : K) = r - s := map_sub (algebraMap ℝ K) r s #align is_R_or_C.of_real_sub RCLike.ofReal_sub @[simp, rclike_simps, norm_cast] theorem ofReal_sum {α : Type*} (s : Finset α) (f : α → ℝ) : ((∑ i ∈ s, f i : ℝ) : K) = ∑ i ∈ s, (f i : K) := map_sum (algebraMap ℝ K) _ _ #align is_R_or_C.of_real_sum RCLike.ofReal_sum @[simp, rclike_simps, norm_cast] theorem ofReal_finsupp_sum {α M : Type*} [Zero M] (f : α →₀ M) (g : α → M → ℝ) : ((f.sum fun a b => g a b : ℝ) : K) = f.sum fun a b => (g a b : K) := map_finsupp_sum (algebraMap ℝ K) f g #align is_R_or_C.of_real_finsupp_sum RCLike.ofReal_finsupp_sum @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_mul (r s : ℝ) : ((r * s : ℝ) : K) = r * s := algebraMap.coe_mul _ _ #align is_R_or_C.of_real_mul RCLike.ofReal_mul @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem ofReal_pow (r : ℝ) (n : ℕ) : ((r ^ n : ℝ) : K) = (r : K) ^ n := map_pow (algebraMap ℝ K) r n #align is_R_or_C.of_real_pow RCLike.ofReal_pow @[simp, rclike_simps, norm_cast] theorem ofReal_prod {α : Type*} (s : Finset α) (f : α → ℝ) : ((∏ i ∈ s, f i : ℝ) : K) = ∏ i ∈ s, (f i : K) := map_prod (algebraMap ℝ K) _ _ #align is_R_or_C.of_real_prod RCLike.ofReal_prod @[simp, rclike_simps, norm_cast] theorem ofReal_finsupp_prod {α M : Type*} [Zero M] (f : α →₀ M) (g : α → M → ℝ) : ((f.prod fun a b => g a b : ℝ) : K) = f.prod fun a b => (g a b : K) := map_finsupp_prod _ f g #align is_R_or_C.of_real_finsupp_prod RCLike.ofReal_finsupp_prod @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem real_smul_ofReal (r x : ℝ) : r • (x : K) = (r : K) * (x : K) := real_smul_eq_coe_mul _ _ #align is_R_or_C.real_smul_of_real RCLike.real_smul_ofReal @[rclike_simps] theorem re_ofReal_mul (r : ℝ) (z : K) : re (↑r * z) = r * re z := by simp only [mul_re, ofReal_im, zero_mul, ofReal_re, sub_zero] #align is_R_or_C.of_real_mul_re RCLike.re_ofReal_mul @[rclike_simps] theorem im_ofReal_mul (r : ℝ) (z : K) : im (↑r * z) = r * im z := by simp only [add_zero, ofReal_im, zero_mul, ofReal_re, mul_im] #align is_R_or_C.of_real_mul_im RCLike.im_ofReal_mul @[rclike_simps] theorem smul_re (r : ℝ) (z : K) : re (r • z) = r * re z := by rw [real_smul_eq_coe_mul, re_ofReal_mul] #align is_R_or_C.smul_re RCLike.smul_re @[rclike_simps] theorem smul_im (r : ℝ) (z : K) : im (r • z) = r * im z := by rw [real_smul_eq_coe_mul, im_ofReal_mul] #align is_R_or_C.smul_im RCLike.smul_im @[simp, norm_cast, rclike_simps] theorem norm_ofReal (r : ℝ) : ‖(r : K)‖ = |r| := norm_algebraMap' K r #align is_R_or_C.norm_of_real RCLike.norm_ofReal -- see Note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) charZero_rclike : CharZero K := (RingHom.charZero_iff (algebraMap ℝ K).injective).1 inferInstance set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.char_zero_R_or_C RCLike.charZero_rclike @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem I_re : re (I : K) = 0 := I_re_ax set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.I_re RCLike.I_re @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem I_im (z : K) : im z * im (I : K) = im z := mul_im_I_ax z set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.I_im RCLike.I_im @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem I_im' (z : K) : im (I : K) * im z = im z := by rw [mul_comm, I_im] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.I_im' RCLike.I_im' @[rclike_simps] -- porting note (#10618): was `simp` theorem I_mul_re (z : K) : re (I * z) = -im z := by simp only [I_re, zero_sub, I_im', zero_mul, mul_re] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.I_mul_re RCLike.I_mul_re theorem I_mul_I : (I : K) = 0 ∨ (I : K) * I = -1 := I_mul_I_ax set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.I_mul_I RCLike.I_mul_I variable (𝕜) in lemma I_eq_zero_or_im_I_eq_one : (I : K) = 0 ∨ im (I : K) = 1 := I_mul_I (K := K) |>.imp_right fun h ↦ by simpa [h] using (I_mul_re (I : K)).symm @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem conj_re (z : K) : re (conj z) = re z := RCLike.conj_re_ax z #align is_R_or_C.conj_re RCLike.conj_re @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem conj_im (z : K) : im (conj z) = -im z := RCLike.conj_im_ax z #align is_R_or_C.conj_im RCLike.conj_im @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem conj_I : conj (I : K) = -I := RCLike.conj_I_ax set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.conj_I RCLike.conj_I @[simp, rclike_simps] theorem conj_ofReal (r : ℝ) : conj (r : K) = (r : K) := by rw [ext_iff] simp only [ofReal_im, conj_im, eq_self_iff_true, conj_re, and_self_iff, neg_zero] #align is_R_or_C.conj_of_real RCLike.conj_ofReal -- replaced by `RCLike.conj_ofNat` #noalign is_R_or_C.conj_bit0 #noalign is_R_or_C.conj_bit1 theorem conj_nat_cast (n : ℕ) : conj (n : K) = n := map_natCast _ _ -- See note [no_index around OfNat.ofNat] theorem conj_ofNat (n : ℕ) [n.AtLeastTwo] : conj (no_index (OfNat.ofNat n : K)) = OfNat.ofNat n := map_ofNat _ _ @[rclike_simps] -- Porting note (#10618): was a `simp` but `simp` can prove it theorem conj_neg_I : conj (-I) = (I : K) := by rw [map_neg, conj_I, neg_neg] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align is_R_or_C.conj_neg_I RCLike.conj_neg_I theorem conj_eq_re_sub_im (z : K) : conj z = re z - im z * I := (congr_arg conj (re_add_im z).symm).trans <| by rw [map_add, map_mul, conj_I, conj_ofReal, conj_ofReal, mul_neg, sub_eq_add_neg] #align is_R_or_C.conj_eq_re_sub_im RCLike.conj_eq_re_sub_im theorem sub_conj (z : K) : z - conj z = 2 * im z * I := calc z - conj z = re z + im z * I - (re z - im z * I) := by rw [re_add_im, ← conj_eq_re_sub_im] _ = 2 * im z * I := by rw [add_sub_sub_cancel, ← two_mul, mul_assoc] #align is_R_or_C.sub_conj RCLike.sub_conj @[rclike_simps] theorem conj_smul (r : ℝ) (z : K) : conj (r • z) = r • conj z := by rw [conj_eq_re_sub_im, conj_eq_re_sub_im, smul_re, smul_im, ofReal_mul, ofReal_mul, real_smul_eq_coe_mul r (_ - _), mul_sub, mul_assoc] #align is_R_or_C.conj_smul RCLike.conj_smul theorem add_conj (z : K) : z + conj z = 2 * re z := calc z + conj z = re z + im z * I + (re z - im z * I) := by rw [re_add_im, conj_eq_re_sub_im] _ = 2 * re z := by rw [add_add_sub_cancel, two_mul] #align is_R_or_C.add_conj RCLike.add_conj theorem re_eq_add_conj (z : K) : ↑(re z) = (z + conj z) / 2 := by rw [add_conj, mul_div_cancel_left₀ (re z : K) two_ne_zero] #align is_R_or_C.re_eq_add_conj RCLike.re_eq_add_conj
Mathlib/Analysis/RCLike/Basic.lean
384
386
theorem im_eq_conj_sub (z : K) : ↑(im z) = I * (conj z - z) / 2 := by
rw [← neg_inj, ← ofReal_neg, ← I_mul_re, re_eq_add_conj, map_mul, conj_I, ← neg_div, ← mul_neg, neg_sub, mul_sub, neg_mul, sub_eq_add_neg]
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.LinearIndependent #align_import linear_algebra.dimension from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"47a5f8186becdbc826190ced4312f8199f9db6a5" noncomputable section universe w w' u u' v v' variable {R : Type u} {R' : Type u'} {M M₁ : Type v} {M' : Type v'} open Cardinal Submodule Function Set section Module section variable [Semiring R] [AddCommMonoid M] [Module R M] variable (R M) protected irreducible_def Module.rank : Cardinal := ⨆ ι : { s : Set M // LinearIndependent R ((↑) : s → M) }, (#ι.1) #align module.rank Module.rank theorem rank_le_card : Module.rank R M ≤ #M := (Module.rank_def _ _).trans_le (ciSup_le' fun _ ↦ mk_set_le _) lemma nonempty_linearIndependent_set : Nonempty {s : Set M // LinearIndependent R ((↑) : s → M)} := ⟨⟨∅, linearIndependent_empty _ _⟩⟩ end variable [Ring R] [Ring R'] [AddCommGroup M] [AddCommGroup M'] [AddCommGroup M₁] variable [Module R M] [Module R M'] [Module R M₁] [Module R' M'] [Module R' M₁] namespace LinearIndependent variable [Nontrivial R]
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Dimension/Basic.lean
79
84
theorem cardinal_lift_le_rank {ι : Type w} {v : ι → M} (hv : LinearIndependent R v) : Cardinal.lift.{v} #ι ≤ Cardinal.lift.{w} (Module.rank R M) := by
rw [Module.rank] refine le_trans ?_ (lift_le.mpr <| le_ciSup (bddAbove_range.{v, v} _) ⟨_, hv.coe_range⟩) exact lift_mk_le'.mpr ⟨(Equiv.ofInjective _ hv.injective).toEmbedding⟩
import Mathlib.Algebra.Field.Basic import Mathlib.Algebra.GroupWithZero.Units.Equiv import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Field.Defs import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Ring.Abs import Mathlib.Order.Bounds.OrderIso import Mathlib.Tactic.Positivity.Core #align_import algebra.order.field.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"84771a9f5f0bd5e5d6218811556508ddf476dcbd" open Function OrderDual variable {ι α β : Type*} section LinearOrderedSemifield variable [LinearOrderedSemifield α] {a b c d e : α} {m n : ℤ} @[simps! (config := { simpRhs := true })] def OrderIso.mulLeft₀ (a : α) (ha : 0 < a) : α ≃o α := { Equiv.mulLeft₀ a ha.ne' with map_rel_iff' := @fun _ _ => mul_le_mul_left ha } #align order_iso.mul_left₀ OrderIso.mulLeft₀ #align order_iso.mul_left₀_symm_apply OrderIso.mulLeft₀_symm_apply #align order_iso.mul_left₀_apply OrderIso.mulLeft₀_apply @[simps! (config := { simpRhs := true })] def OrderIso.mulRight₀ (a : α) (ha : 0 < a) : α ≃o α := { Equiv.mulRight₀ a ha.ne' with map_rel_iff' := @fun _ _ => mul_le_mul_right ha } #align order_iso.mul_right₀ OrderIso.mulRight₀ #align order_iso.mul_right₀_symm_apply OrderIso.mulRight₀_symm_apply #align order_iso.mul_right₀_apply OrderIso.mulRight₀_apply theorem le_div_iff (hc : 0 < c) : a ≤ b / c ↔ a * c ≤ b := ⟨fun h => div_mul_cancel₀ b (ne_of_lt hc).symm ▸ mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right h hc.le, fun h => calc a = a * c * (1 / c) := mul_mul_div a (ne_of_lt hc).symm _ ≤ b * (1 / c) := mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right h (one_div_pos.2 hc).le _ = b / c := (div_eq_mul_one_div b c).symm ⟩ #align le_div_iff le_div_iff theorem le_div_iff' (hc : 0 < c) : a ≤ b / c ↔ c * a ≤ b := by rw [mul_comm, le_div_iff hc] #align le_div_iff' le_div_iff' theorem div_le_iff (hb : 0 < b) : a / b ≤ c ↔ a ≤ c * b := ⟨fun h => calc a = a / b * b := by rw [div_mul_cancel₀ _ (ne_of_lt hb).symm] _ ≤ c * b := mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right h hb.le , fun h => calc a / b = a * (1 / b) := div_eq_mul_one_div a b _ ≤ c * b * (1 / b) := mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right h (one_div_pos.2 hb).le _ = c * b / b := (div_eq_mul_one_div (c * b) b).symm _ = c := by refine (div_eq_iff (ne_of_gt hb)).mpr rfl ⟩ #align div_le_iff div_le_iff theorem div_le_iff' (hb : 0 < b) : a / b ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b * c := by rw [mul_comm, div_le_iff hb] #align div_le_iff' div_le_iff' lemma div_le_comm₀ (hb : 0 < b) (hc : 0 < c) : a / b ≤ c ↔ a / c ≤ b := by rw [div_le_iff hb, div_le_iff' hc] theorem lt_div_iff (hc : 0 < c) : a < b / c ↔ a * c < b := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le <| div_le_iff hc #align lt_div_iff lt_div_iff theorem lt_div_iff' (hc : 0 < c) : a < b / c ↔ c * a < b := by rw [mul_comm, lt_div_iff hc] #align lt_div_iff' lt_div_iff' theorem div_lt_iff (hc : 0 < c) : b / c < a ↔ b < a * c := lt_iff_lt_of_le_iff_le (le_div_iff hc) #align div_lt_iff div_lt_iff theorem div_lt_iff' (hc : 0 < c) : b / c < a ↔ b < c * a := by rw [mul_comm, div_lt_iff hc] #align div_lt_iff' div_lt_iff' lemma div_lt_comm₀ (hb : 0 < b) (hc : 0 < c) : a / b < c ↔ a / c < b := by rw [div_lt_iff hb, div_lt_iff' hc] theorem inv_mul_le_iff (h : 0 < b) : b⁻¹ * a ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b * c := by rw [inv_eq_one_div, mul_comm, ← div_eq_mul_one_div] exact div_le_iff' h #align inv_mul_le_iff inv_mul_le_iff theorem inv_mul_le_iff' (h : 0 < b) : b⁻¹ * a ≤ c ↔ a ≤ c * b := by rw [inv_mul_le_iff h, mul_comm] #align inv_mul_le_iff' inv_mul_le_iff' theorem mul_inv_le_iff (h : 0 < b) : a * b⁻¹ ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b * c := by rw [mul_comm, inv_mul_le_iff h] #align mul_inv_le_iff mul_inv_le_iff theorem mul_inv_le_iff' (h : 0 < b) : a * b⁻¹ ≤ c ↔ a ≤ c * b := by rw [mul_comm, inv_mul_le_iff' h] #align mul_inv_le_iff' mul_inv_le_iff' theorem div_self_le_one (a : α) : a / a ≤ 1 := if h : a = 0 then by simp [h] else by simp [h] #align div_self_le_one div_self_le_one theorem inv_mul_lt_iff (h : 0 < b) : b⁻¹ * a < c ↔ a < b * c := by rw [inv_eq_one_div, mul_comm, ← div_eq_mul_one_div] exact div_lt_iff' h #align inv_mul_lt_iff inv_mul_lt_iff theorem inv_mul_lt_iff' (h : 0 < b) : b⁻¹ * a < c ↔ a < c * b := by rw [inv_mul_lt_iff h, mul_comm] #align inv_mul_lt_iff' inv_mul_lt_iff' theorem mul_inv_lt_iff (h : 0 < b) : a * b⁻¹ < c ↔ a < b * c := by rw [mul_comm, inv_mul_lt_iff h] #align mul_inv_lt_iff mul_inv_lt_iff theorem mul_inv_lt_iff' (h : 0 < b) : a * b⁻¹ < c ↔ a < c * b := by rw [mul_comm, inv_mul_lt_iff' h] #align mul_inv_lt_iff' mul_inv_lt_iff' theorem inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul (ha : 0 < a) : a⁻¹ ≤ b ↔ 1 ≤ b * a := by rw [inv_eq_one_div] exact div_le_iff ha #align inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul theorem inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul' (ha : 0 < a) : a⁻¹ ≤ b ↔ 1 ≤ a * b := by rw [inv_eq_one_div] exact div_le_iff' ha #align inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul' inv_pos_le_iff_one_le_mul' theorem inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul (ha : 0 < a) : a⁻¹ < b ↔ 1 < b * a := by rw [inv_eq_one_div] exact div_lt_iff ha #align inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul theorem inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul' (ha : 0 < a) : a⁻¹ < b ↔ 1 < a * b := by rw [inv_eq_one_div] exact div_lt_iff' ha #align inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul' inv_pos_lt_iff_one_lt_mul' theorem div_le_of_nonneg_of_le_mul (hb : 0 ≤ b) (hc : 0 ≤ c) (h : a ≤ c * b) : a / b ≤ c := by rcases eq_or_lt_of_le hb with (rfl | hb') · simp only [div_zero, hc] · rwa [div_le_iff hb'] #align div_le_of_nonneg_of_le_mul div_le_of_nonneg_of_le_mul lemma mul_le_of_nonneg_of_le_div (hb : 0 ≤ b) (hc : 0 ≤ c) (h : a ≤ b / c) : a * c ≤ b := by obtain rfl | hc := hc.eq_or_lt · simpa using hb · rwa [le_div_iff hc] at h #align mul_le_of_nonneg_of_le_div mul_le_of_nonneg_of_le_div theorem div_le_one_of_le (h : a ≤ b) (hb : 0 ≤ b) : a / b ≤ 1 := div_le_of_nonneg_of_le_mul hb zero_le_one <| by rwa [one_mul] #align div_le_one_of_le div_le_one_of_le lemma mul_inv_le_one_of_le (h : a ≤ b) (hb : 0 ≤ b) : a * b⁻¹ ≤ 1 := by simpa only [← div_eq_mul_inv] using div_le_one_of_le h hb lemma inv_mul_le_one_of_le (h : a ≤ b) (hb : 0 ≤ b) : b⁻¹ * a ≤ 1 := by simpa only [← div_eq_inv_mul] using div_le_one_of_le h hb @[gcongr] theorem inv_le_inv_of_le (ha : 0 < a) (h : a ≤ b) : b⁻¹ ≤ a⁻¹ := by rwa [← one_div a, le_div_iff' ha, ← div_eq_mul_inv, div_le_iff (ha.trans_le h), one_mul] #align inv_le_inv_of_le inv_le_inv_of_le
Mathlib/Algebra/Order/Field/Basic.lean
185
186
theorem inv_le_inv (ha : 0 < a) (hb : 0 < b) : a⁻¹ ≤ b⁻¹ ↔ b ≤ a := by
rw [← one_div, div_le_iff ha, ← div_eq_inv_mul, le_div_iff hb, one_mul]
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Closeds import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Completion import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.GromovHausdorffRealized import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Kuratowski #align_import topology.metric_space.gromov_hausdorff from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"0c1f285a9f6e608ae2bdffa3f993eafb01eba829" noncomputable section open scoped Classical Topology ENNReal Cardinal set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false local notation "ℓ_infty_ℝ" => lp (fun n : ℕ => ℝ) ∞ universe u v w open scoped Classical open Set Function TopologicalSpace Filter Metric Quotient Bornology open BoundedContinuousFunction Nat Int kuratowskiEmbedding open Sum (inl inr) attribute [local instance] metricSpaceSum namespace GromovHausdorff section GHSpace private def IsometryRel (x : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ) (y : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ) : Prop := Nonempty (x ≃ᵢ y) private theorem equivalence_isometryRel : Equivalence IsometryRel := ⟨fun _ => Nonempty.intro (IsometryEquiv.refl _), fun ⟨e⟩ => ⟨e.symm⟩, fun ⟨e⟩ ⟨f⟩ => ⟨e.trans f⟩⟩ instance IsometryRel.setoid : Setoid (NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ) := Setoid.mk IsometryRel equivalence_isometryRel #align Gromov_Hausdorff.isometry_rel.setoid GromovHausdorff.IsometryRel.setoid def GHSpace : Type := Quotient IsometryRel.setoid #align Gromov_Hausdorff.GH_space GromovHausdorff.GHSpace def toGHSpace (X : Type u) [MetricSpace X] [CompactSpace X] [Nonempty X] : GHSpace := ⟦NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding X⟧ #align Gromov_Hausdorff.to_GH_space GromovHausdorff.toGHSpace instance : Inhabited GHSpace := ⟨Quot.mk _ ⟨⟨{0}, isCompact_singleton⟩, singleton_nonempty _⟩⟩ -- Porting note(#5171): linter not yet ported; removed @[nolint has_nonempty_instance]; why? def GHSpace.Rep (p : GHSpace) : Type := (Quotient.out p : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ) #align Gromov_Hausdorff.GH_space.rep GromovHausdorff.GHSpace.Rep theorem eq_toGHSpace_iff {X : Type u} [MetricSpace X] [CompactSpace X] [Nonempty X] {p : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ} : ⟦p⟧ = toGHSpace X ↔ ∃ Ψ : X → ℓ_infty_ℝ, Isometry Ψ ∧ range Ψ = p := by simp only [toGHSpace, Quotient.eq] refine ⟨fun h => ?_, ?_⟩ · rcases Setoid.symm h with ⟨e⟩ have f := (kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry X).isometryEquivOnRange.trans e use fun x => f x, isometry_subtype_coe.comp f.isometry erw [range_comp, f.range_eq_univ, Set.image_univ, Subtype.range_coe] · rintro ⟨Ψ, ⟨isomΨ, rangeΨ⟩⟩ have f := ((kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry X).isometryEquivOnRange.symm.trans isomΨ.isometryEquivOnRange).symm have E : (range Ψ ≃ᵢ NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding X) = (p ≃ᵢ range (kuratowskiEmbedding X)) := by dsimp only [NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding]; rw [rangeΨ]; rfl exact ⟨cast E f⟩ #align Gromov_Hausdorff.eq_to_GH_space_iff GromovHausdorff.eq_toGHSpace_iff theorem eq_toGHSpace {p : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ} : ⟦p⟧ = toGHSpace p := eq_toGHSpace_iff.2 ⟨fun x => x, isometry_subtype_coe, Subtype.range_coe⟩ #align Gromov_Hausdorff.eq_to_GH_space GromovHausdorff.eq_toGHSpace section instance repGHSpaceMetricSpace {p : GHSpace} : MetricSpace p.Rep := inferInstanceAs <| MetricSpace p.out #align Gromov_Hausdorff.rep_GH_space_metric_space GromovHausdorff.repGHSpaceMetricSpace instance rep_gHSpace_compactSpace {p : GHSpace} : CompactSpace p.Rep := inferInstanceAs <| CompactSpace p.out #align Gromov_Hausdorff.rep_GH_space_compact_space GromovHausdorff.rep_gHSpace_compactSpace instance rep_gHSpace_nonempty {p : GHSpace} : Nonempty p.Rep := inferInstanceAs <| Nonempty p.out #align Gromov_Hausdorff.rep_GH_space_nonempty GromovHausdorff.rep_gHSpace_nonempty end theorem GHSpace.toGHSpace_rep (p : GHSpace) : toGHSpace p.Rep = p := by change toGHSpace (Quot.out p : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ) = p rw [← eq_toGHSpace] exact Quot.out_eq p #align Gromov_Hausdorff.GH_space.to_GH_space_rep GromovHausdorff.GHSpace.toGHSpace_rep theorem toGHSpace_eq_toGHSpace_iff_isometryEquiv {X : Type u} [MetricSpace X] [CompactSpace X] [Nonempty X] {Y : Type v} [MetricSpace Y] [CompactSpace Y] [Nonempty Y] : toGHSpace X = toGHSpace Y ↔ Nonempty (X ≃ᵢ Y) := ⟨by simp only [toGHSpace] rw [Quotient.eq] rintro ⟨e⟩ have I : (NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding X ≃ᵢ NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding Y) = (range (kuratowskiEmbedding X) ≃ᵢ range (kuratowskiEmbedding Y)) := by dsimp only [NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding]; rfl have f := (kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry X).isometryEquivOnRange have g := (kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry Y).isometryEquivOnRange.symm exact ⟨f.trans <| (cast I e).trans g⟩, by rintro ⟨e⟩ simp only [toGHSpace, Quotient.eq'] have f := (kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry X).isometryEquivOnRange.symm have g := (kuratowskiEmbedding.isometry Y).isometryEquivOnRange have I : (range (kuratowskiEmbedding X) ≃ᵢ range (kuratowskiEmbedding Y)) = (NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding X ≃ᵢ NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding Y) := by dsimp only [NonemptyCompacts.kuratowskiEmbedding]; rfl rw [Quotient.eq] exact ⟨cast I ((f.trans e).trans g)⟩⟩ #align Gromov_Hausdorff.to_GH_space_eq_to_GH_space_iff_isometry_equiv GromovHausdorff.toGHSpace_eq_toGHSpace_iff_isometryEquiv instance : Dist GHSpace where dist x y := sInf <| (fun p : NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ × NonemptyCompacts ℓ_infty_ℝ => hausdorffDist (p.1 : Set ℓ_infty_ℝ) p.2) '' { a | ⟦a⟧ = x } ×ˢ { b | ⟦b⟧ = y } def ghDist (X : Type u) (Y : Type v) [MetricSpace X] [Nonempty X] [CompactSpace X] [MetricSpace Y] [Nonempty Y] [CompactSpace Y] : ℝ := dist (toGHSpace X) (toGHSpace Y) #align Gromov_Hausdorff.GH_dist GromovHausdorff.ghDist
Mathlib/Topology/MetricSpace/GromovHausdorff.lean
190
191
theorem dist_ghDist (p q : GHSpace) : dist p q = ghDist p.Rep q.Rep := by
rw [ghDist, p.toGHSpace_rep, q.toGHSpace_rep]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Group.Instances import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Segment import Mathlib.Tactic.GCongr #align_import analysis.convex.star from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"9003f28797c0664a49e4179487267c494477d853" open Set open Convex Pointwise variable {𝕜 E F : Type*} section OrderedSemiring variable [OrderedSemiring 𝕜] section AddCommMonoid variable [AddCommMonoid E] [AddCommMonoid F] section SMul variable (𝕜) [SMul 𝕜 E] [SMul 𝕜 F] (x : E) (s : Set E) def StarConvex : Prop := ∀ ⦃y : E⦄, y ∈ s → ∀ ⦃a b : 𝕜⦄, 0 ≤ a → 0 ≤ b → a + b = 1 → a • x + b • y ∈ s #align star_convex StarConvex variable {𝕜 x s} {t : Set E} theorem starConvex_iff_segment_subset : StarConvex 𝕜 x s ↔ ∀ ⦃y⦄, y ∈ s → [x -[𝕜] y] ⊆ s := by constructor · rintro h y hy z ⟨a, b, ha, hb, hab, rfl⟩ exact h hy ha hb hab · rintro h y hy a b ha hb hab exact h hy ⟨a, b, ha, hb, hab, rfl⟩ #align star_convex_iff_segment_subset starConvex_iff_segment_subset theorem StarConvex.segment_subset (h : StarConvex 𝕜 x s) {y : E} (hy : y ∈ s) : [x -[𝕜] y] ⊆ s := starConvex_iff_segment_subset.1 h hy #align star_convex.segment_subset StarConvex.segment_subset theorem StarConvex.openSegment_subset (h : StarConvex 𝕜 x s) {y : E} (hy : y ∈ s) : openSegment 𝕜 x y ⊆ s := (openSegment_subset_segment 𝕜 x y).trans (h.segment_subset hy) #align star_convex.open_segment_subset StarConvex.openSegment_subset theorem starConvex_iff_pointwise_add_subset : StarConvex 𝕜 x s ↔ ∀ ⦃a b : 𝕜⦄, 0 ≤ a → 0 ≤ b → a + b = 1 → a • {x} + b • s ⊆ s := by refine ⟨?_, fun h y hy a b ha hb hab => h ha hb hab (add_mem_add (smul_mem_smul_set <| mem_singleton _) ⟨_, hy, rfl⟩)⟩ rintro hA a b ha hb hab w ⟨au, ⟨u, rfl : u = x, rfl⟩, bv, ⟨v, hv, rfl⟩, rfl⟩ exact hA hv ha hb hab #align star_convex_iff_pointwise_add_subset starConvex_iff_pointwise_add_subset theorem starConvex_empty (x : E) : StarConvex 𝕜 x ∅ := fun _ hy => hy.elim #align star_convex_empty starConvex_empty theorem starConvex_univ (x : E) : StarConvex 𝕜 x univ := fun _ _ _ _ _ _ _ => trivial #align star_convex_univ starConvex_univ theorem StarConvex.inter (hs : StarConvex 𝕜 x s) (ht : StarConvex 𝕜 x t) : StarConvex 𝕜 x (s ∩ t) := fun _ hy _ _ ha hb hab => ⟨hs hy.left ha hb hab, ht hy.right ha hb hab⟩ #align star_convex.inter StarConvex.inter theorem starConvex_sInter {S : Set (Set E)} (h : ∀ s ∈ S, StarConvex 𝕜 x s) : StarConvex 𝕜 x (⋂₀ S) := fun _ hy _ _ ha hb hab s hs => h s hs (hy s hs) ha hb hab #align star_convex_sInter starConvex_sInter theorem starConvex_iInter {ι : Sort*} {s : ι → Set E} (h : ∀ i, StarConvex 𝕜 x (s i)) : StarConvex 𝕜 x (⋂ i, s i) := sInter_range s ▸ starConvex_sInter <| forall_mem_range.2 h #align star_convex_Inter starConvex_iInter theorem StarConvex.union (hs : StarConvex 𝕜 x s) (ht : StarConvex 𝕜 x t) : StarConvex 𝕜 x (s ∪ t) := by rintro y (hy | hy) a b ha hb hab · exact Or.inl (hs hy ha hb hab) · exact Or.inr (ht hy ha hb hab) #align star_convex.union StarConvex.union
Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Star.lean
128
133
theorem starConvex_iUnion {ι : Sort*} {s : ι → Set E} (hs : ∀ i, StarConvex 𝕜 x (s i)) : StarConvex 𝕜 x (⋃ i, s i) := by
rintro y hy a b ha hb hab rw [mem_iUnion] at hy ⊢ obtain ⟨i, hy⟩ := hy exact ⟨i, hs i hy ha hb hab⟩
import Mathlib.Topology.Algebra.Algebra import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Basic #align_import analysis.inner_product_space.of_norm from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"baa88307f3e699fa7054ef04ec79fa4f056169cb" open RCLike open scoped ComplexConjugate variable {𝕜 : Type*} [RCLike 𝕜] (E : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup E] class InnerProductSpaceable : Prop where parallelogram_identity : ∀ x y : E, ‖x + y‖ * ‖x + y‖ + ‖x - y‖ * ‖x - y‖ = 2 * (‖x‖ * ‖x‖ + ‖y‖ * ‖y‖) #align inner_product_spaceable InnerProductSpaceable variable (𝕜) {E} theorem InnerProductSpace.toInnerProductSpaceable [InnerProductSpace 𝕜 E] : InnerProductSpaceable E := ⟨parallelogram_law_with_norm 𝕜⟩ #align inner_product_space.to_inner_product_spaceable InnerProductSpace.toInnerProductSpaceable -- See note [lower instance priority] instance (priority := 100) InnerProductSpace.toInnerProductSpaceable_ofReal [InnerProductSpace ℝ E] : InnerProductSpaceable E := ⟨parallelogram_law_with_norm ℝ⟩ #align inner_product_space.to_inner_product_spaceable_of_real InnerProductSpace.toInnerProductSpaceable_ofReal variable [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] local notation "𝓚" => algebraMap ℝ 𝕜 private noncomputable def inner_ (x y : E) : 𝕜 := 4⁻¹ * (𝓚 ‖x + y‖ * 𝓚 ‖x + y‖ - 𝓚 ‖x - y‖ * 𝓚 ‖x - y‖ + (I : 𝕜) * 𝓚 ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + y‖ * 𝓚 ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + y‖ - (I : 𝕜) * 𝓚 ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - y‖ * 𝓚 ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - y‖) namespace InnerProductSpaceable variable {𝕜} (E) -- Porting note: prime added to avoid clashing with public `innerProp` private def innerProp' (r : 𝕜) : Prop := ∀ x y : E, inner_ 𝕜 (r • x) y = conj r * inner_ 𝕜 x y variable {E} theorem innerProp_neg_one : innerProp' E ((-1 : ℤ) : 𝕜) := by intro x y simp only [inner_, neg_mul_eq_neg_mul, one_mul, Int.cast_one, one_smul, RingHom.map_one, map_neg, Int.cast_neg, neg_smul, neg_one_mul] rw [neg_mul_comm] congr 1 have h₁ : ‖-x - y‖ = ‖x + y‖ := by rw [← neg_add', norm_neg] have h₂ : ‖-x + y‖ = ‖x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_sub, norm_neg, sub_eq_neg_add] have h₃ : ‖(I : 𝕜) • -x + y‖ = ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - y‖ := by rw [← neg_sub, norm_neg, sub_eq_neg_add, ← smul_neg] have h₄ : ‖(I : 𝕜) • -x - y‖ = ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + y‖ := by rw [smul_neg, ← neg_add', norm_neg] rw [h₁, h₂, h₃, h₄] ring #align inner_product_spaceable.inner_prop_neg_one InnerProductSpaceable.innerProp_neg_one theorem _root_.Continuous.inner_ {f g : ℝ → E} (hf : Continuous f) (hg : Continuous g) : Continuous fun x => inner_ 𝕜 (f x) (g x) := by unfold inner_ have := Continuous.const_smul (M := 𝕜) hf I continuity #align inner_product_spaceable.continuous.inner_ Continuous.inner_ theorem inner_.norm_sq (x : E) : ‖x‖ ^ 2 = re (inner_ 𝕜 x x) := by simp only [inner_] have h₁ : RCLike.normSq (4 : 𝕜) = 16 := by have : ((4 : ℝ) : 𝕜) = (4 : 𝕜) := by norm_cast rw [← this, normSq_eq_def', RCLike.norm_of_nonneg (by norm_num : (0 : ℝ) ≤ 4)] norm_num have h₂ : ‖x + x‖ = 2 * ‖x‖ := by rw [← two_smul 𝕜, norm_smul, RCLike.norm_two] simp only [h₁, h₂, algebraMap_eq_ofReal, sub_self, norm_zero, mul_re, inv_re, ofNat_re, map_sub, map_add, ofReal_re, ofNat_im, ofReal_im, mul_im, I_re, inv_im] ring #align inner_product_spaceable.inner_.norm_sq InnerProductSpaceable.inner_.norm_sq theorem inner_.conj_symm (x y : E) : conj (inner_ 𝕜 y x) = inner_ 𝕜 x y := by simp only [inner_] have h4 : conj (4⁻¹ : 𝕜) = 4⁻¹ := by norm_num rw [map_mul, h4] congr 1 simp only [map_sub, map_add, algebraMap_eq_ofReal, ← ofReal_mul, conj_ofReal, map_mul, conj_I] rw [add_comm y x, norm_sub_rev] by_cases hI : (I : 𝕜) = 0 · simp only [hI, neg_zero, zero_mul] -- Porting note: this replaces `norm_I_of_ne_zero` which does not exist in Lean 4 have : ‖(I : 𝕜)‖ = 1 := by rw [← mul_self_inj_of_nonneg (norm_nonneg I) zero_le_one, one_mul, ← norm_mul, I_mul_I_of_nonzero hI, norm_neg, norm_one] have h₁ : ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - x‖ = ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + y‖ := by trans ‖(I : 𝕜) • ((I : 𝕜) • y - x)‖ · rw [norm_smul, this, one_mul] · rw [smul_sub, smul_smul, I_mul_I_of_nonzero hI, neg_one_smul, ← neg_add', add_comm, norm_neg] have h₂ : ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + x‖ = ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - y‖ := by trans ‖(I : 𝕜) • ((I : 𝕜) • y + x)‖ · rw [norm_smul, this, one_mul] · rw [smul_add, smul_smul, I_mul_I_of_nonzero hI, neg_one_smul, ← neg_add_eq_sub] rw [h₁, h₂, ← sub_add_eq_add_sub] simp only [neg_mul, sub_eq_add_neg, neg_neg] #align inner_product_spaceable.inner_.conj_symm InnerProductSpaceable.inner_.conj_symm variable [InnerProductSpaceable E] private theorem add_left_aux1 (x y z : E) : ‖x + y + z‖ * ‖x + y + z‖ = (‖2 • x + y‖ * ‖2 • x + y‖ + ‖2 • z + y‖ * ‖2 • z + y‖) / 2 - ‖x - z‖ * ‖x - z‖ := by rw [eq_sub_iff_add_eq, eq_div_iff (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm _ (2 : ℝ), eq_comm] convert parallelogram_identity (x + y + z) (x - z) using 4 <;> · rw [two_smul]; abel private theorem add_left_aux2 (x y z : E) : ‖x + y - z‖ * ‖x + y - z‖ = (‖2 • x + y‖ * ‖2 • x + y‖ + ‖y - 2 • z‖ * ‖y - 2 • z‖) / 2 - ‖x + z‖ * ‖x + z‖ := by rw [eq_sub_iff_add_eq, eq_div_iff (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm _ (2 : ℝ), eq_comm] have h₀ := parallelogram_identity (x + y - z) (x + z) convert h₀ using 4 <;> · rw [two_smul]; abel private theorem add_left_aux2' (x y z : E) : ‖x + y + z‖ * ‖x + y + z‖ - ‖x + y - z‖ * ‖x + y - z‖ = ‖x + z‖ * ‖x + z‖ - ‖x - z‖ * ‖x - z‖ + (‖2 • z + y‖ * ‖2 • z + y‖ - ‖y - 2 • z‖ * ‖y - 2 • z‖) / 2 := by rw [add_left_aux1, add_left_aux2]; ring private theorem add_left_aux3 (y z : E) : ‖2 • z + y‖ * ‖2 • z + y‖ = 2 * (‖y + z‖ * ‖y + z‖ + ‖z‖ * ‖z‖) - ‖y‖ * ‖y‖ := by apply eq_sub_of_add_eq convert parallelogram_identity (y + z) z using 4 <;> (try rw [two_smul]) <;> abel private theorem add_left_aux4 (y z : E) : ‖y - 2 • z‖ * ‖y - 2 • z‖ = 2 * (‖y - z‖ * ‖y - z‖ + ‖z‖ * ‖z‖) - ‖y‖ * ‖y‖ := by apply eq_sub_of_add_eq' have h₀ := parallelogram_identity (y - z) z convert h₀ using 4 <;> (try rw [two_smul]) <;> abel private theorem add_left_aux4' (y z : E) : (‖2 • z + y‖ * ‖2 • z + y‖ - ‖y - 2 • z‖ * ‖y - 2 • z‖) / 2 = ‖y + z‖ * ‖y + z‖ - ‖y - z‖ * ‖y - z‖ := by rw [add_left_aux3, add_left_aux4]; ring private theorem add_left_aux5 (x y z : E) : ‖(I : 𝕜) • (x + y) + z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • (x + y) + z‖ = (‖(I : 𝕜) • (2 • x + y)‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • (2 • x + y)‖ + ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + 2 • z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + 2 • z‖) / 2 - ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • x - z‖ := by rw [eq_sub_iff_add_eq, eq_div_iff (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm _ (2 : ℝ), eq_comm] have h₀ := parallelogram_identity ((I : 𝕜) • (x + y) + z) ((I : 𝕜) • x - z) convert h₀ using 4 <;> · try simp only [two_smul, smul_add]; abel private theorem add_left_aux6 (x y z : E) : ‖(I : 𝕜) • (x + y) - z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • (x + y) - z‖ = (‖(I : 𝕜) • (2 • x + y)‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • (2 • x + y)‖ + ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - 2 • z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - 2 • z‖) / 2 - ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • x + z‖ := by rw [eq_sub_iff_add_eq, eq_div_iff (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm _ (2 : ℝ), eq_comm] have h₀ := parallelogram_identity ((I : 𝕜) • (x + y) - z) ((I : 𝕜) • x + z) convert h₀ using 4 <;> · try simp only [two_smul, smul_add]; abel private theorem add_left_aux7 (y z : E) : ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + 2 • z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + 2 • z‖ = 2 * (‖(I : 𝕜) • y + z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y + z‖ + ‖z‖ * ‖z‖) - ‖(I : 𝕜) • y‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y‖ := by apply eq_sub_of_add_eq have h₀ := parallelogram_identity ((I : 𝕜) • y + z) z convert h₀ using 4 <;> · (try simp only [two_smul, smul_add]); abel private theorem add_left_aux8 (y z : E) : ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - 2 • z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - 2 • z‖ = 2 * (‖(I : 𝕜) • y - z‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y - z‖ + ‖z‖ * ‖z‖) - ‖(I : 𝕜) • y‖ * ‖(I : 𝕜) • y‖ := by apply eq_sub_of_add_eq' have h₀ := parallelogram_identity ((I : 𝕜) • y - z) z convert h₀ using 4 <;> · (try simp only [two_smul, smul_add]); abel theorem add_left (x y z : E) : inner_ 𝕜 (x + y) z = inner_ 𝕜 x z + inner_ 𝕜 y z := by simp only [inner_, ← mul_add] congr simp only [mul_assoc, ← map_mul, add_sub_assoc, ← mul_sub, ← map_sub] rw [add_add_add_comm] simp only [← map_add, ← mul_add] congr · rw [← add_sub_assoc, add_left_aux2', add_left_aux4'] · rw [add_left_aux5, add_left_aux6, add_left_aux7, add_left_aux8] simp only [map_sub, map_mul, map_add, div_eq_mul_inv] ring #align inner_product_spaceable.add_left InnerProductSpaceable.add_left
Mathlib/Analysis/InnerProductSpace/OfNorm.lean
244
249
theorem nat (n : ℕ) (x y : E) : inner_ 𝕜 ((n : 𝕜) • x) y = (n : 𝕜) * inner_ 𝕜 x y := by
induction' n with n ih · simp only [inner_, Nat.zero_eq, zero_sub, Nat.cast_zero, zero_mul, eq_self_iff_true, zero_smul, zero_add, mul_zero, sub_self, norm_neg, smul_zero] · simp only [Nat.cast_succ, add_smul, one_smul] rw [add_left, ih, add_mul, one_mul]
import Batteries.Data.List.Lemmas import Batteries.Data.Array.Basic import Batteries.Tactic.SeqFocus import Batteries.Util.ProofWanted namespace Array theorem forIn_eq_data_forIn [Monad m] (as : Array α) (b : β) (f : α → β → m (ForInStep β)) : forIn as b f = forIn as.data b f := by let rec loop : ∀ {i h b j}, j + i = as.size → Array.forIn.loop as f i h b = forIn (as.data.drop j) b f | 0, _, _, _, rfl => by rw [List.drop_length]; rfl | i+1, _, _, j, ij => by simp only [forIn.loop, Nat.add] have j_eq : j = size as - 1 - i := by simp [← ij, ← Nat.add_assoc] have : as.size - 1 - i < as.size := j_eq ▸ ij ▸ Nat.lt_succ_of_le (Nat.le_add_right ..) have : as[size as - 1 - i] :: as.data.drop (j + 1) = as.data.drop j := by rw [j_eq]; exact List.get_cons_drop _ ⟨_, this⟩ simp only [← this, List.forIn_cons]; congr; funext x; congr; funext b rw [loop (i := i)]; rw [← ij, Nat.succ_add]; rfl conv => lhs; simp only [forIn, Array.forIn] rw [loop (Nat.zero_add _)]; rfl theorem zipWith_eq_zipWith_data (f : α → β → γ) (as : Array α) (bs : Array β) : (as.zipWith bs f).data = as.data.zipWith f bs.data := by let rec loop : ∀ (i : Nat) cs, i ≤ as.size → i ≤ bs.size → (zipWithAux f as bs i cs).data = cs.data ++ (as.data.drop i).zipWith f (bs.data.drop i) := by intro i cs hia hib unfold zipWithAux by_cases h : i = as.size ∨ i = bs.size case pos => have : ¬(i < as.size) ∨ ¬(i < bs.size) := by cases h <;> simp_all only [Nat.not_lt, Nat.le_refl, true_or, or_true] -- Cleaned up aesop output below simp_all only [Nat.not_lt] cases h <;> [(cases this); (cases this)] · simp_all only [Nat.le_refl, Nat.lt_irrefl, dite_false, List.drop_length, List.zipWith_nil_left, List.append_nil] · simp_all only [Nat.le_refl, Nat.lt_irrefl, dite_false, List.drop_length, List.zipWith_nil_left, List.append_nil] · simp_all only [Nat.le_refl, Nat.lt_irrefl, dite_false, List.drop_length, List.zipWith_nil_right, List.append_nil] split <;> simp_all only [Nat.not_lt] · simp_all only [Nat.le_refl, Nat.lt_irrefl, dite_false, List.drop_length, List.zipWith_nil_right, List.append_nil] split <;> simp_all only [Nat.not_lt] case neg => rw [not_or] at h have has : i < as.size := Nat.lt_of_le_of_ne hia h.1 have hbs : i < bs.size := Nat.lt_of_le_of_ne hib h.2 simp only [has, hbs, dite_true] rw [loop (i+1) _ has hbs, Array.push_data] have h₁ : [f as[i] bs[i]] = List.zipWith f [as[i]] [bs[i]] := rfl let i_as : Fin as.data.length := ⟨i, has⟩ let i_bs : Fin bs.data.length := ⟨i, hbs⟩ rw [h₁, List.append_assoc] congr rw [← List.zipWith_append (h := by simp), getElem_eq_data_get, getElem_eq_data_get] show List.zipWith f ((List.get as.data i_as) :: List.drop (i_as + 1) as.data) ((List.get bs.data i_bs) :: List.drop (i_bs + 1) bs.data) = List.zipWith f (List.drop i as.data) (List.drop i bs.data) simp only [List.get_cons_drop] termination_by as.size - i simp [zipWith, loop 0 #[] (by simp) (by simp)] theorem size_zipWith (as : Array α) (bs : Array β) (f : α → β → γ) : (as.zipWith bs f).size = min as.size bs.size := by rw [size_eq_length_data, zipWith_eq_zipWith_data, List.length_zipWith] theorem zip_eq_zip_data (as : Array α) (bs : Array β) : (as.zip bs).data = as.data.zip bs.data := zipWith_eq_zipWith_data Prod.mk as bs theorem size_zip (as : Array α) (bs : Array β) : (as.zip bs).size = min as.size bs.size := as.size_zipWith bs Prod.mk
.lake/packages/batteries/Batteries/Data/Array/Lemmas.lean
89
92
theorem size_filter_le (p : α → Bool) (l : Array α) : (l.filter p).size ≤ l.size := by
simp only [← data_length, filter_data] apply List.length_filter_le
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Group.Multiset import Mathlib.Data.PNat.Prime import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Factors import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Sort #align_import data.pnat.factors from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e3d9ab8faa9dea8f78155c6c27d62a621f4c152d" -- Porting note: `deriving` contained Inhabited, CanonicallyOrderedAddCommMonoid, DistribLattice, -- SemilatticeSup, OrderBot, Sub, OrderedSub def PrimeMultiset := Multiset Nat.Primes deriving Inhabited, CanonicallyOrderedAddCommMonoid, DistribLattice, SemilatticeSup, Sub #align prime_multiset PrimeMultiset instance : OrderBot PrimeMultiset where bot_le := by simp only [bot_le, forall_const] instance : OrderedSub PrimeMultiset where tsub_le_iff_right _ _ _ := Multiset.sub_le_iff_le_add namespace PrimeMultiset -- `@[derive]` doesn't work for `meta` instances unsafe instance : Repr PrimeMultiset := by delta PrimeMultiset; infer_instance def ofPrime (p : Nat.Primes) : PrimeMultiset := ({p} : Multiset Nat.Primes) #align prime_multiset.of_prime PrimeMultiset.ofPrime theorem card_ofPrime (p : Nat.Primes) : Multiset.card (ofPrime p) = 1 := rfl #align prime_multiset.card_of_prime PrimeMultiset.card_ofPrime def toNatMultiset : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ := fun v => v.map Coe.coe #align prime_multiset.to_nat_multiset PrimeMultiset.toNatMultiset instance coeNat : Coe PrimeMultiset (Multiset ℕ) := ⟨toNatMultiset⟩ #align prime_multiset.coe_nat PrimeMultiset.coeNat def coeNatMonoidHom : PrimeMultiset →+ Multiset ℕ := { Multiset.mapAddMonoidHom Coe.coe with toFun := Coe.coe } #align prime_multiset.coe_nat_monoid_hom PrimeMultiset.coeNatMonoidHom @[simp] theorem coe_coeNatMonoidHom : (coeNatMonoidHom : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ) = Coe.coe := rfl #align prime_multiset.coe_coe_nat_monoid_hom PrimeMultiset.coe_coeNatMonoidHom theorem coeNat_injective : Function.Injective (Coe.coe : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ) := Multiset.map_injective Nat.Primes.coe_nat_injective #align prime_multiset.coe_nat_injective PrimeMultiset.coeNat_injective theorem coeNat_ofPrime (p : Nat.Primes) : (ofPrime p : Multiset ℕ) = {(p : ℕ)} := rfl #align prime_multiset.coe_nat_of_prime PrimeMultiset.coeNat_ofPrime theorem coeNat_prime (v : PrimeMultiset) (p : ℕ) (h : p ∈ (v : Multiset ℕ)) : p.Prime := by rcases Multiset.mem_map.mp h with ⟨⟨_, hp'⟩, ⟨_, h_eq⟩⟩ exact h_eq ▸ hp' #align prime_multiset.coe_nat_prime PrimeMultiset.coeNat_prime def toPNatMultiset : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ+ := fun v => v.map Coe.coe #align prime_multiset.to_pnat_multiset PrimeMultiset.toPNatMultiset instance coePNat : Coe PrimeMultiset (Multiset ℕ+) := ⟨toPNatMultiset⟩ #align prime_multiset.coe_pnat PrimeMultiset.coePNat def coePNatMonoidHom : PrimeMultiset →+ Multiset ℕ+ := { Multiset.mapAddMonoidHom Coe.coe with toFun := Coe.coe } #align prime_multiset.coe_pnat_monoid_hom PrimeMultiset.coePNatMonoidHom @[simp] theorem coe_coePNatMonoidHom : (coePNatMonoidHom : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ+) = Coe.coe := rfl #align prime_multiset.coe_coe_pnat_monoid_hom PrimeMultiset.coe_coePNatMonoidHom theorem coePNat_injective : Function.Injective (Coe.coe : PrimeMultiset → Multiset ℕ+) := Multiset.map_injective Nat.Primes.coe_pnat_injective #align prime_multiset.coe_pnat_injective PrimeMultiset.coePNat_injective theorem coePNat_ofPrime (p : Nat.Primes) : (ofPrime p : Multiset ℕ+) = {(p : ℕ+)} := rfl #align prime_multiset.coe_pnat_of_prime PrimeMultiset.coePNat_ofPrime theorem coePNat_prime (v : PrimeMultiset) (p : ℕ+) (h : p ∈ (v : Multiset ℕ+)) : p.Prime := by rcases Multiset.mem_map.mp h with ⟨⟨_, hp'⟩, ⟨_, h_eq⟩⟩ exact h_eq ▸ hp' #align prime_multiset.coe_pnat_prime PrimeMultiset.coePNat_prime instance coeMultisetPNatNat : Coe (Multiset ℕ+) (Multiset ℕ) := ⟨fun v => v.map Coe.coe⟩ #align prime_multiset.coe_multiset_pnat_nat PrimeMultiset.coeMultisetPNatNat
Mathlib/Data/PNat/Factors.lean
130
133
theorem coePNat_nat (v : PrimeMultiset) : ((v : Multiset ℕ+) : Multiset ℕ) = (v : Multiset ℕ) := by
change (v.map (Coe.coe : Nat.Primes → ℕ+)).map Subtype.val = v.map Subtype.val rw [Multiset.map_map] congr
import Mathlib.Data.Set.Image import Mathlib.Data.SProd #align_import data.set.prod from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"48fb5b5280e7c81672afc9524185ae994553ebf4" open Function namespace Set section Prod variable {α β γ δ : Type*} {s s₁ s₂ : Set α} {t t₁ t₂ : Set β} {a : α} {b : β} theorem Subsingleton.prod (hs : s.Subsingleton) (ht : t.Subsingleton) : (s ×ˢ t).Subsingleton := fun _x hx _y hy ↦ Prod.ext (hs hx.1 hy.1) (ht hx.2 hy.2) noncomputable instance decidableMemProd [DecidablePred (· ∈ s)] [DecidablePred (· ∈ t)] : DecidablePred (· ∈ s ×ˢ t) := fun _ => And.decidable #align set.decidable_mem_prod Set.decidableMemProd @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s₁ ×ˢ t₁ ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ t₂ := fun _ ⟨h₁, h₂⟩ => ⟨hs h₁, ht h₂⟩ #align set.prod_mono Set.prod_mono @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono_left (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : s₁ ×ˢ t ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ t := prod_mono hs Subset.rfl #align set.prod_mono_left Set.prod_mono_left @[gcongr] theorem prod_mono_right (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : s ×ˢ t₁ ⊆ s ×ˢ t₂ := prod_mono Subset.rfl ht #align set.prod_mono_right Set.prod_mono_right @[simp] theorem prod_self_subset_prod_self : s₁ ×ˢ s₁ ⊆ s₂ ×ˢ s₂ ↔ s₁ ⊆ s₂ := ⟨fun h _ hx => (h (mk_mem_prod hx hx)).1, fun h _ hx => ⟨h hx.1, h hx.2⟩⟩ #align set.prod_self_subset_prod_self Set.prod_self_subset_prod_self @[simp] theorem prod_self_ssubset_prod_self : s₁ ×ˢ s₁ ⊂ s₂ ×ˢ s₂ ↔ s₁ ⊂ s₂ := and_congr prod_self_subset_prod_self <| not_congr prod_self_subset_prod_self #align set.prod_self_ssubset_prod_self Set.prod_self_ssubset_prod_self theorem prod_subset_iff {P : Set (α × β)} : s ×ˢ t ⊆ P ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ t, (x, y) ∈ P := ⟨fun h _ hx _ hy => h (mk_mem_prod hx hy), fun h ⟨_, _⟩ hp => h _ hp.1 _ hp.2⟩ #align set.prod_subset_iff Set.prod_subset_iff theorem forall_prod_set {p : α × β → Prop} : (∀ x ∈ s ×ˢ t, p x) ↔ ∀ x ∈ s, ∀ y ∈ t, p (x, y) := prod_subset_iff #align set.forall_prod_set Set.forall_prod_set
Mathlib/Data/Set/Prod.lean
79
80
theorem exists_prod_set {p : α × β → Prop} : (∃ x ∈ s ×ˢ t, p x) ↔ ∃ x ∈ s, ∃ y ∈ t, p (x, y) := by
simp [and_assoc]
import Mathlib.Data.Bool.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Option.Defs import Mathlib.Data.Prod.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Sigma.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Subtype import Mathlib.Data.Sum.Basic import Mathlib.Init.Data.Sigma.Basic import Mathlib.Logic.Equiv.Defs import Mathlib.Logic.Function.Conjugate import Mathlib.Tactic.Lift import Mathlib.Tactic.Convert import Mathlib.Tactic.Contrapose import Mathlib.Tactic.GeneralizeProofs import Mathlib.Tactic.SimpRw #align_import logic.equiv.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"cd391184c85986113f8c00844cfe6dda1d34be3d" set_option autoImplicit true universe u open Function namespace Equiv @[simps apply symm_apply] def pprodEquivProd : PProd α β ≃ α × β where toFun x := (x.1, x.2) invFun x := ⟨x.1, x.2⟩ left_inv := fun _ => rfl right_inv := fun _ => rfl #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod Equiv.pprodEquivProd #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod_apply Equiv.pprodEquivProd_apply #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod_symm_apply Equiv.pprodEquivProd_symm_apply -- Porting note: in Lean 3 this had `@[congr]` @[simps apply] def pprodCongr (e₁ : α ≃ β) (e₂ : γ ≃ δ) : PProd α γ ≃ PProd β δ where toFun x := ⟨e₁ x.1, e₂ x.2⟩ invFun x := ⟨e₁.symm x.1, e₂.symm x.2⟩ left_inv := fun ⟨x, y⟩ => by simp right_inv := fun ⟨x, y⟩ => by simp #align equiv.pprod_congr Equiv.pprodCongr #align equiv.pprod_congr_apply Equiv.pprodCongr_apply @[simps! apply symm_apply] def pprodProd (ea : α₁ ≃ α₂) (eb : β₁ ≃ β₂) : PProd α₁ β₁ ≃ α₂ × β₂ := (ea.pprodCongr eb).trans pprodEquivProd #align equiv.pprod_prod Equiv.pprodProd #align equiv.pprod_prod_apply Equiv.pprodProd_apply #align equiv.pprod_prod_symm_apply Equiv.pprodProd_symm_apply @[simps! apply symm_apply] def prodPProd (ea : α₁ ≃ α₂) (eb : β₁ ≃ β₂) : α₁ × β₁ ≃ PProd α₂ β₂ := (ea.symm.pprodProd eb.symm).symm #align equiv.prod_pprod Equiv.prodPProd #align equiv.prod_pprod_symm_apply Equiv.prodPProd_symm_apply #align equiv.prod_pprod_apply Equiv.prodPProd_apply @[simps! apply symm_apply] def pprodEquivProdPLift : PProd α β ≃ PLift α × PLift β := Equiv.plift.symm.pprodProd Equiv.plift.symm #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod_plift Equiv.pprodEquivProdPLift #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod_plift_symm_apply Equiv.pprodEquivProdPLift_symm_apply #align equiv.pprod_equiv_prod_plift_apply Equiv.pprodEquivProdPLift_apply -- Porting note: in Lean 3 there was also a @[congr] tag @[simps (config := .asFn) apply] def prodCongr (e₁ : α₁ ≃ α₂) (e₂ : β₁ ≃ β₂) : α₁ × β₁ ≃ α₂ × β₂ := ⟨Prod.map e₁ e₂, Prod.map e₁.symm e₂.symm, fun ⟨a, b⟩ => by simp, fun ⟨a, b⟩ => by simp⟩ #align equiv.prod_congr Equiv.prodCongr #align equiv.prod_congr_apply Equiv.prodCongr_apply @[simp] theorem prodCongr_symm (e₁ : α₁ ≃ α₂) (e₂ : β₁ ≃ β₂) : (prodCongr e₁ e₂).symm = prodCongr e₁.symm e₂.symm := rfl #align equiv.prod_congr_symm Equiv.prodCongr_symm def prodComm (α β) : α × β ≃ β × α := ⟨Prod.swap, Prod.swap, Prod.swap_swap, Prod.swap_swap⟩ #align equiv.prod_comm Equiv.prodComm @[simp] theorem coe_prodComm (α β) : (⇑(prodComm α β) : α × β → β × α) = Prod.swap := rfl #align equiv.coe_prod_comm Equiv.coe_prodComm @[simp] theorem prodComm_apply (x : α × β) : prodComm α β x = x.swap := rfl #align equiv.prod_comm_apply Equiv.prodComm_apply @[simp] theorem prodComm_symm (α β) : (prodComm α β).symm = prodComm β α := rfl #align equiv.prod_comm_symm Equiv.prodComm_symm @[simps] def prodAssoc (α β γ) : (α × β) × γ ≃ α × β × γ := ⟨fun p => (p.1.1, p.1.2, p.2), fun p => ((p.1, p.2.1), p.2.2), fun ⟨⟨_, _⟩, _⟩ => rfl, fun ⟨_, ⟨_, _⟩⟩ => rfl⟩ #align equiv.prod_assoc Equiv.prodAssoc #align equiv.prod_assoc_symm_apply Equiv.prodAssoc_symm_apply #align equiv.prod_assoc_apply Equiv.prodAssoc_apply @[simps apply] def prodProdProdComm (α β γ δ : Type*) : (α × β) × γ × δ ≃ (α × γ) × β × δ where toFun abcd := ((abcd.1.1, abcd.2.1), (abcd.1.2, abcd.2.2)) invFun acbd := ((acbd.1.1, acbd.2.1), (acbd.1.2, acbd.2.2)) left_inv := fun ⟨⟨_a, _b⟩, ⟨_c, _d⟩⟩ => rfl right_inv := fun ⟨⟨_a, _c⟩, ⟨_b, _d⟩⟩ => rfl #align equiv.prod_prod_prod_comm Equiv.prodProdProdComm @[simp] theorem prodProdProdComm_symm (α β γ δ : Type*) : (prodProdProdComm α β γ δ).symm = prodProdProdComm α γ β δ := rfl #align equiv.prod_prod_prod_comm_symm Equiv.prodProdProdComm_symm @[simps (config := .asFn)] def curry (α β γ) : (α × β → γ) ≃ (α → β → γ) where toFun := Function.curry invFun := uncurry left_inv := uncurry_curry right_inv := curry_uncurry #align equiv.curry Equiv.curry #align equiv.curry_symm_apply Equiv.curry_symm_apply #align equiv.curry_apply Equiv.curry_apply section @[simps] def prodPUnit (α) : α × PUnit ≃ α := ⟨fun p => p.1, fun a => (a, PUnit.unit), fun ⟨_, PUnit.unit⟩ => rfl, fun _ => rfl⟩ #align equiv.prod_punit Equiv.prodPUnit #align equiv.prod_punit_apply Equiv.prodPUnit_apply #align equiv.prod_punit_symm_apply Equiv.prodPUnit_symm_apply @[simps!] def punitProd (α) : PUnit × α ≃ α := calc PUnit × α ≃ α × PUnit := prodComm _ _ _ ≃ α := prodPUnit _ #align equiv.punit_prod Equiv.punitProd #align equiv.punit_prod_symm_apply Equiv.punitProd_symm_apply #align equiv.punit_prod_apply Equiv.punitProd_apply @[simps] def sigmaPUnit (α) : (_ : α) × PUnit ≃ α := ⟨fun p => p.1, fun a => ⟨a, PUnit.unit⟩, fun ⟨_, PUnit.unit⟩ => rfl, fun _ => rfl⟩ def prodUnique (α β) [Unique β] : α × β ≃ α := ((Equiv.refl α).prodCongr <| equivPUnit.{_,1} β).trans <| prodPUnit α #align equiv.prod_unique Equiv.prodUnique @[simp] theorem coe_prodUnique [Unique β] : (⇑(prodUnique α β) : α × β → α) = Prod.fst := rfl #align equiv.coe_prod_unique Equiv.coe_prodUnique theorem prodUnique_apply [Unique β] (x : α × β) : prodUnique α β x = x.1 := rfl #align equiv.prod_unique_apply Equiv.prodUnique_apply @[simp] theorem prodUnique_symm_apply [Unique β] (x : α) : (prodUnique α β).symm x = (x, default) := rfl #align equiv.prod_unique_symm_apply Equiv.prodUnique_symm_apply def uniqueProd (α β) [Unique β] : β × α ≃ α := ((equivPUnit.{_,1} β).prodCongr <| Equiv.refl α).trans <| punitProd α #align equiv.unique_prod Equiv.uniqueProd @[simp] theorem coe_uniqueProd [Unique β] : (⇑(uniqueProd α β) : β × α → α) = Prod.snd := rfl #align equiv.coe_unique_prod Equiv.coe_uniqueProd theorem uniqueProd_apply [Unique β] (x : β × α) : uniqueProd α β x = x.2 := rfl #align equiv.unique_prod_apply Equiv.uniqueProd_apply @[simp] theorem uniqueProd_symm_apply [Unique β] (x : α) : (uniqueProd α β).symm x = (default, x) := rfl #align equiv.unique_prod_symm_apply Equiv.uniqueProd_symm_apply def sigmaUnique (α) (β : α → Type*) [∀ a, Unique (β a)] : (a : α) × (β a) ≃ α := (Equiv.sigmaCongrRight fun a ↦ equivPUnit.{_,1} (β a)).trans <| sigmaPUnit α @[simp] theorem coe_sigmaUnique {β : α → Type*} [∀ a, Unique (β a)] : (⇑(sigmaUnique α β) : (a : α) × (β a) → α) = Sigma.fst := rfl theorem sigmaUnique_apply {β : α → Type*} [∀ a, Unique (β a)] (x : (a : α) × β a) : sigmaUnique α β x = x.1 := rfl @[simp] theorem sigmaUnique_symm_apply {β : α → Type*} [∀ a, Unique (β a)] (x : α) : (sigmaUnique α β).symm x = ⟨x, default⟩ := rfl def prodEmpty (α) : α × Empty ≃ Empty := equivEmpty _ #align equiv.prod_empty Equiv.prodEmpty def emptyProd (α) : Empty × α ≃ Empty := equivEmpty _ #align equiv.empty_prod Equiv.emptyProd def prodPEmpty (α) : α × PEmpty ≃ PEmpty := equivPEmpty _ #align equiv.prod_pempty Equiv.prodPEmpty def pemptyProd (α) : PEmpty × α ≃ PEmpty := equivPEmpty _ #align equiv.pempty_prod Equiv.pemptyProd end section open Sum def psumEquivSum (α β) : PSum α β ≃ Sum α β where toFun s := PSum.casesOn s inl inr invFun := Sum.elim PSum.inl PSum.inr left_inv s := by cases s <;> rfl right_inv s := by cases s <;> rfl #align equiv.psum_equiv_sum Equiv.psumEquivSum @[simps apply] def sumCongr (ea : α₁ ≃ α₂) (eb : β₁ ≃ β₂) : Sum α₁ β₁ ≃ Sum α₂ β₂ := ⟨Sum.map ea eb, Sum.map ea.symm eb.symm, fun x => by simp, fun x => by simp⟩ #align equiv.sum_congr Equiv.sumCongr #align equiv.sum_congr_apply Equiv.sumCongr_apply def psumCongr (e₁ : α ≃ β) (e₂ : γ ≃ δ) : PSum α γ ≃ PSum β δ where toFun x := PSum.casesOn x (PSum.inl ∘ e₁) (PSum.inr ∘ e₂) invFun x := PSum.casesOn x (PSum.inl ∘ e₁.symm) (PSum.inr ∘ e₂.symm) left_inv := by rintro (x | x) <;> simp right_inv := by rintro (x | x) <;> simp #align equiv.psum_congr Equiv.psumCongr def psumSum (ea : α₁ ≃ α₂) (eb : β₁ ≃ β₂) : PSum α₁ β₁ ≃ Sum α₂ β₂ := (ea.psumCongr eb).trans (psumEquivSum _ _) #align equiv.psum_sum Equiv.psumSum def sumPSum (ea : α₁ ≃ α₂) (eb : β₁ ≃ β₂) : Sum α₁ β₁ ≃ PSum α₂ β₂ := (ea.symm.psumSum eb.symm).symm #align equiv.sum_psum Equiv.sumPSum @[simp] theorem sumCongr_trans (e : α₁ ≃ β₁) (f : α₂ ≃ β₂) (g : β₁ ≃ γ₁) (h : β₂ ≃ γ₂) : (Equiv.sumCongr e f).trans (Equiv.sumCongr g h) = Equiv.sumCongr (e.trans g) (f.trans h) := by ext i cases i <;> rfl #align equiv.sum_congr_trans Equiv.sumCongr_trans @[simp] theorem sumCongr_symm (e : α ≃ β) (f : γ ≃ δ) : (Equiv.sumCongr e f).symm = Equiv.sumCongr e.symm f.symm := rfl #align equiv.sum_congr_symm Equiv.sumCongr_symm @[simp] theorem sumCongr_refl : Equiv.sumCongr (Equiv.refl α) (Equiv.refl β) = Equiv.refl (Sum α β) := by ext i cases i <;> rfl #align equiv.sum_congr_refl Equiv.sumCongr_refl def subtypeSum {p : α ⊕ β → Prop} : {c // p c} ≃ {a // p (Sum.inl a)} ⊕ {b // p (Sum.inr b)} where toFun c := match h : c.1 with | Sum.inl a => Sum.inl ⟨a, h ▸ c.2⟩ | Sum.inr b => Sum.inr ⟨b, h ▸ c.2⟩ invFun c := match c with | Sum.inl a => ⟨Sum.inl a, a.2⟩ | Sum.inr b => ⟨Sum.inr b, b.2⟩ left_inv := by rintro ⟨a | b, h⟩ <;> rfl right_inv := by rintro (a | b) <;> rfl def boolEquivPUnitSumPUnit : Bool ≃ Sum PUnit.{u + 1} PUnit.{v + 1} := ⟨fun b => b.casesOn (inl PUnit.unit) (inr PUnit.unit) , Sum.elim (fun _ => false) fun _ => true, fun b => by cases b <;> rfl, fun s => by rcases s with (⟨⟨⟩⟩ | ⟨⟨⟩⟩) <;> rfl⟩ #align equiv.bool_equiv_punit_sum_punit Equiv.boolEquivPUnitSumPUnit @[simps (config := .asFn) apply] def sumComm (α β) : Sum α β ≃ Sum β α := ⟨Sum.swap, Sum.swap, Sum.swap_swap, Sum.swap_swap⟩ #align equiv.sum_comm Equiv.sumComm #align equiv.sum_comm_apply Equiv.sumComm_apply @[simp] theorem sumComm_symm (α β) : (sumComm α β).symm = sumComm β α := rfl #align equiv.sum_comm_symm Equiv.sumComm_symm def sumAssoc (α β γ) : Sum (Sum α β) γ ≃ Sum α (Sum β γ) := ⟨Sum.elim (Sum.elim Sum.inl (Sum.inr ∘ Sum.inl)) (Sum.inr ∘ Sum.inr), Sum.elim (Sum.inl ∘ Sum.inl) <| Sum.elim (Sum.inl ∘ Sum.inr) Sum.inr, by rintro (⟨_ | _⟩ | _) <;> rfl, by rintro (_ | ⟨_ | _⟩) <;> rfl⟩ #align equiv.sum_assoc Equiv.sumAssoc @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_apply_inl_inl (a) : sumAssoc α β γ (inl (inl a)) = inl a := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_apply_inl_inl Equiv.sumAssoc_apply_inl_inl @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_apply_inl_inr (b) : sumAssoc α β γ (inl (inr b)) = inr (inl b) := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_apply_inl_inr Equiv.sumAssoc_apply_inl_inr @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_apply_inr (c) : sumAssoc α β γ (inr c) = inr (inr c) := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_apply_inr Equiv.sumAssoc_apply_inr @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_symm_apply_inl {α β γ} (a) : (sumAssoc α β γ).symm (inl a) = inl (inl a) := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_symm_apply_inl Equiv.sumAssoc_symm_apply_inl @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_symm_apply_inr_inl {α β γ} (b) : (sumAssoc α β γ).symm (inr (inl b)) = inl (inr b) := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_symm_apply_inr_inl Equiv.sumAssoc_symm_apply_inr_inl @[simp] theorem sumAssoc_symm_apply_inr_inr {α β γ} (c) : (sumAssoc α β γ).symm (inr (inr c)) = inr c := rfl #align equiv.sum_assoc_symm_apply_inr_inr Equiv.sumAssoc_symm_apply_inr_inr @[simps symm_apply] def sumEmpty (α β) [IsEmpty β] : Sum α β ≃ α where toFun := Sum.elim id isEmptyElim invFun := inl left_inv s := by rcases s with (_ | x) · rfl · exact isEmptyElim x right_inv _ := rfl #align equiv.sum_empty Equiv.sumEmpty #align equiv.sum_empty_symm_apply Equiv.sumEmpty_symm_apply @[simp] theorem sumEmpty_apply_inl [IsEmpty β] (a : α) : sumEmpty α β (Sum.inl a) = a := rfl #align equiv.sum_empty_apply_inl Equiv.sumEmpty_apply_inl @[simps! symm_apply] def emptySum (α β) [IsEmpty α] : Sum α β ≃ β := (sumComm _ _).trans <| sumEmpty _ _ #align equiv.empty_sum Equiv.emptySum #align equiv.empty_sum_symm_apply Equiv.emptySum_symm_apply @[simp] theorem emptySum_apply_inr [IsEmpty α] (b : β) : emptySum α β (Sum.inr b) = b := rfl #align equiv.empty_sum_apply_inr Equiv.emptySum_apply_inr def optionEquivSumPUnit (α) : Option α ≃ Sum α PUnit := ⟨fun o => o.elim (inr PUnit.unit) inl, fun s => s.elim some fun _ => none, fun o => by cases o <;> rfl, fun s => by rcases s with (_ | ⟨⟨⟩⟩) <;> rfl⟩ #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit @[simp] theorem optionEquivSumPUnit_none : optionEquivSumPUnit α none = Sum.inr PUnit.unit := rfl #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit_none Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit_none @[simp] theorem optionEquivSumPUnit_some (a) : optionEquivSumPUnit α (some a) = Sum.inl a := rfl #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit_some Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit_some @[simp] theorem optionEquivSumPUnit_coe (a : α) : optionEquivSumPUnit α a = Sum.inl a := rfl #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit_coe Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit_coe @[simp] theorem optionEquivSumPUnit_symm_inl (a) : (optionEquivSumPUnit α).symm (Sum.inl a) = a := rfl #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit_symm_inl Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit_symm_inl @[simp] theorem optionEquivSumPUnit_symm_inr (a) : (optionEquivSumPUnit α).symm (Sum.inr a) = none := rfl #align equiv.option_equiv_sum_punit_symm_inr Equiv.optionEquivSumPUnit_symm_inr @[simps] def optionIsSomeEquiv (α) : { x : Option α // x.isSome } ≃ α where toFun o := Option.get _ o.2 invFun x := ⟨some x, rfl⟩ left_inv _ := Subtype.eq <| Option.some_get _ right_inv _ := Option.get_some _ _ #align equiv.option_is_some_equiv Equiv.optionIsSomeEquiv #align equiv.option_is_some_equiv_apply Equiv.optionIsSomeEquiv_apply #align equiv.option_is_some_equiv_symm_apply_coe Equiv.optionIsSomeEquiv_symm_apply_coe @[simps] def piOptionEquivProd {β : Option α → Type*} : (∀ a : Option α, β a) ≃ β none × ∀ a : α, β (some a) where toFun f := (f none, fun a => f (some a)) invFun x a := Option.casesOn a x.fst x.snd left_inv f := funext fun a => by cases a <;> rfl right_inv x := by simp #align equiv.pi_option_equiv_prod Equiv.piOptionEquivProd #align equiv.pi_option_equiv_prod_symm_apply Equiv.piOptionEquivProd_symm_apply #align equiv.pi_option_equiv_prod_apply Equiv.piOptionEquivProd_apply def sumEquivSigmaBool (α β : Type u) : Sum α β ≃ Σ b : Bool, b.casesOn α β := ⟨fun s => s.elim (fun x => ⟨false, x⟩) fun x => ⟨true, x⟩, fun s => match s with | ⟨false, a⟩ => inl a | ⟨true, b⟩ => inr b, fun s => by cases s <;> rfl, fun s => by rcases s with ⟨_ | _, _⟩ <;> rfl⟩ #align equiv.sum_equiv_sigma_bool Equiv.sumEquivSigmaBool -- See also `Equiv.sigmaPreimageEquiv`. @[simps] def sigmaFiberEquiv {α β : Type*} (f : α → β) : (Σ y : β, { x // f x = y }) ≃ α := ⟨fun x => ↑x.2, fun x => ⟨f x, x, rfl⟩, fun ⟨_, _, rfl⟩ => rfl, fun _ => rfl⟩ #align equiv.sigma_fiber_equiv Equiv.sigmaFiberEquiv #align equiv.sigma_fiber_equiv_apply Equiv.sigmaFiberEquiv_apply #align equiv.sigma_fiber_equiv_symm_apply_fst Equiv.sigmaFiberEquiv_symm_apply_fst #align equiv.sigma_fiber_equiv_symm_apply_snd_coe Equiv.sigmaFiberEquiv_symm_apply_snd_coe def sigmaEquivOptionOfInhabited (α : Type u) [Inhabited α] [DecidableEq α] : Σ β : Type u, α ≃ Option β where fst := {a // a ≠ default} snd.toFun a := if h : a = default then none else some ⟨a, h⟩ snd.invFun := Option.elim' default (↑) snd.left_inv a := by dsimp only; split_ifs <;> simp [*] snd.right_inv | none => by simp | some ⟨a, ha⟩ => dif_neg ha #align equiv.sigma_equiv_option_of_inhabited Equiv.sigmaEquivOptionOfInhabited end section def piCongrRight {β₁ β₂ : α → Sort*} (F : ∀ a, β₁ a ≃ β₂ a) : (∀ a, β₁ a) ≃ (∀ a, β₂ a) := ⟨fun H a => F a (H a), fun H a => (F a).symm (H a), fun H => funext <| by simp, fun H => funext <| by simp⟩ #align equiv.Pi_congr_right Equiv.piCongrRight @[simps apply] def piComm (φ : α → β → Sort*) : (∀ a b, φ a b) ≃ ∀ b a, φ a b := ⟨swap, swap, fun _ => rfl, fun _ => rfl⟩ #align equiv.Pi_comm Equiv.piComm #align equiv.Pi_comm_apply Equiv.piComm_apply @[simp] theorem piComm_symm {φ : α → β → Sort*} : (piComm φ).symm = (piComm <| swap φ) := rfl #align equiv.Pi_comm_symm Equiv.piComm_symm def piCurry {β : α → Type*} (γ : ∀ a, β a → Type*) : (∀ x : Σ i, β i, γ x.1 x.2) ≃ ∀ a b, γ a b where toFun := Sigma.curry invFun := Sigma.uncurry left_inv := Sigma.uncurry_curry right_inv := Sigma.curry_uncurry #align equiv.Pi_curry Equiv.piCurry -- `simps` overapplies these but `simps (config := .asFn)` under-applies them @[simp] theorem piCurry_apply {β : α → Type*} (γ : ∀ a, β a → Type*) (f : ∀ x : Σ i, β i, γ x.1 x.2) : piCurry γ f = Sigma.curry f := rfl @[simp] theorem piCurry_symm_apply {β : α → Type*} (γ : ∀ a, β a → Type*) (f : ∀ a b, γ a b) : (piCurry γ).symm f = Sigma.uncurry f := rfl end section prodCongr variable (e : α₁ → β₁ ≃ β₂) def prodCongrLeft : β₁ × α₁ ≃ β₂ × α₁ where toFun ab := ⟨e ab.2 ab.1, ab.2⟩ invFun ab := ⟨(e ab.2).symm ab.1, ab.2⟩ left_inv := by rintro ⟨a, b⟩ simp right_inv := by rintro ⟨a, b⟩ simp #align equiv.prod_congr_left Equiv.prodCongrLeft @[simp] theorem prodCongrLeft_apply (b : β₁) (a : α₁) : prodCongrLeft e (b, a) = (e a b, a) := rfl #align equiv.prod_congr_left_apply Equiv.prodCongrLeft_apply theorem prodCongr_refl_right (e : β₁ ≃ β₂) : prodCongr e (Equiv.refl α₁) = prodCongrLeft fun _ => e := by ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp #align equiv.prod_congr_refl_right Equiv.prodCongr_refl_right def prodCongrRight : α₁ × β₁ ≃ α₁ × β₂ where toFun ab := ⟨ab.1, e ab.1 ab.2⟩ invFun ab := ⟨ab.1, (e ab.1).symm ab.2⟩ left_inv := by rintro ⟨a, b⟩ simp right_inv := by rintro ⟨a, b⟩ simp #align equiv.prod_congr_right Equiv.prodCongrRight @[simp] theorem prodCongrRight_apply (a : α₁) (b : β₁) : prodCongrRight e (a, b) = (a, e a b) := rfl #align equiv.prod_congr_right_apply Equiv.prodCongrRight_apply theorem prodCongr_refl_left (e : β₁ ≃ β₂) : prodCongr (Equiv.refl α₁) e = prodCongrRight fun _ => e := by ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp #align equiv.prod_congr_refl_left Equiv.prodCongr_refl_left @[simp] theorem prodCongrLeft_trans_prodComm : (prodCongrLeft e).trans (prodComm _ _) = (prodComm _ _).trans (prodCongrRight e) := by ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp #align equiv.prod_congr_left_trans_prod_comm Equiv.prodCongrLeft_trans_prodComm @[simp] theorem prodCongrRight_trans_prodComm : (prodCongrRight e).trans (prodComm _ _) = (prodComm _ _).trans (prodCongrLeft e) := by ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp #align equiv.prod_congr_right_trans_prod_comm Equiv.prodCongrRight_trans_prodComm theorem sigmaCongrRight_sigmaEquivProd : (sigmaCongrRight e).trans (sigmaEquivProd α₁ β₂) = (sigmaEquivProd α₁ β₁).trans (prodCongrRight e) := by ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp #align equiv.sigma_congr_right_sigma_equiv_prod Equiv.sigmaCongrRight_sigmaEquivProd
Mathlib/Logic/Equiv/Basic.lean
840
845
theorem sigmaEquivProd_sigmaCongrRight : (sigmaEquivProd α₁ β₁).symm.trans (sigmaCongrRight e) = (prodCongrRight e).trans (sigmaEquivProd α₁ β₂).symm := by
ext ⟨a, b⟩ : 1 simp only [trans_apply, sigmaCongrRight_apply, prodCongrRight_apply] rfl
import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Dual import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.Orientation import Mathlib.Data.Complex.Orientation import Mathlib.Tactic.LinearCombination #align_import analysis.inner_product_space.two_dim from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"cd8fafa2fac98e1a67097e8a91ad9901cfde48af" noncomputable section open scoped RealInnerProductSpace ComplexConjugate open FiniteDimensional lemma FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two {K V : Type*} [DivisionRing K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] [Fact (finrank K V = 2)] : FiniteDimensional K V := .of_fact_finrank_eq_succ 1 attribute [local instance] FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two @[deprecated (since := "2024-02-02")] alias FiniteDimensional.finiteDimensional_of_fact_finrank_eq_two := FiniteDimensional.of_fact_finrank_eq_two variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [InnerProductSpace ℝ E] [Fact (finrank ℝ E = 2)] (o : Orientation ℝ E (Fin 2)) namespace Orientation irreducible_def areaForm : E →ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := by let z : E [⋀^Fin 0]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ ≃ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := AlternatingMap.constLinearEquivOfIsEmpty.symm let y : E [⋀^Fin 1]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ →ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := LinearMap.llcomp ℝ E (E [⋀^Fin 0]→ₗ[ℝ] ℝ) ℝ z ∘ₗ AlternatingMap.curryLeftLinearMap exact y ∘ₗ AlternatingMap.curryLeftLinearMap (R' := ℝ) o.volumeForm #align orientation.area_form Orientation.areaForm local notation "ω" => o.areaForm theorem areaForm_to_volumeForm (x y : E) : ω x y = o.volumeForm ![x, y] := by simp [areaForm] #align orientation.area_form_to_volume_form Orientation.areaForm_to_volumeForm @[simp] theorem areaForm_apply_self (x : E) : ω x x = 0 := by rw [areaForm_to_volumeForm] refine o.volumeForm.map_eq_zero_of_eq ![x, x] ?_ (?_ : (0 : Fin 2) ≠ 1) · simp · norm_num #align orientation.area_form_apply_self Orientation.areaForm_apply_self theorem areaForm_swap (x y : E) : ω x y = -ω y x := by simp only [areaForm_to_volumeForm] convert o.volumeForm.map_swap ![y, x] (_ : (0 : Fin 2) ≠ 1) · ext i fin_cases i <;> rfl · norm_num #align orientation.area_form_swap Orientation.areaForm_swap @[simp] theorem areaForm_neg_orientation : (-o).areaForm = -o.areaForm := by ext x y simp [areaForm_to_volumeForm] #align orientation.area_form_neg_orientation Orientation.areaForm_neg_orientation def areaForm' : E →L[ℝ] E →L[ℝ] ℝ := LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap (↑(LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap : (E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ) ≃ₗ[ℝ] E →L[ℝ] ℝ) ∘ₗ o.areaForm) #align orientation.area_form' Orientation.areaForm' @[simp] theorem areaForm'_apply (x : E) : o.areaForm' x = LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap (o.areaForm x) := rfl #align orientation.area_form'_apply Orientation.areaForm'_apply theorem abs_areaForm_le (x y : E) : |ω x y| ≤ ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by simpa [areaForm_to_volumeForm, Fin.prod_univ_succ] using o.abs_volumeForm_apply_le ![x, y] #align orientation.abs_area_form_le Orientation.abs_areaForm_le theorem areaForm_le (x y : E) : ω x y ≤ ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by simpa [areaForm_to_volumeForm, Fin.prod_univ_succ] using o.volumeForm_apply_le ![x, y] #align orientation.area_form_le Orientation.areaForm_le theorem abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal {x y : E} (h : ⟪x, y⟫ = 0) : |ω x y| = ‖x‖ * ‖y‖ := by rw [o.areaForm_to_volumeForm, o.abs_volumeForm_apply_of_pairwise_orthogonal] · simp [Fin.prod_univ_succ] intro i j hij fin_cases i <;> fin_cases j · simp_all · simpa using h · simpa [real_inner_comm] using h · simp_all #align orientation.abs_area_form_of_orthogonal Orientation.abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal theorem areaForm_map {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [InnerProductSpace ℝ F] [hF : Fact (finrank ℝ F = 2)] (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] F) (x y : F) : (Orientation.map (Fin 2) φ.toLinearEquiv o).areaForm x y = o.areaForm (φ.symm x) (φ.symm y) := by have : φ.symm ∘ ![x, y] = ![φ.symm x, φ.symm y] := by ext i fin_cases i <;> rfl simp [areaForm_to_volumeForm, volumeForm_map, this] #align orientation.area_form_map Orientation.areaForm_map theorem areaForm_comp_linearIsometryEquiv (φ : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] E) (hφ : 0 < LinearMap.det (φ.toLinearEquiv : E →ₗ[ℝ] E)) (x y : E) : o.areaForm (φ x) (φ y) = o.areaForm x y := by convert o.areaForm_map φ (φ x) (φ y) · symm rwa [← o.map_eq_iff_det_pos φ.toLinearEquiv] at hφ rw [@Fact.out (finrank ℝ E = 2), Fintype.card_fin] · simp · simp #align orientation.area_form_comp_linear_isometry_equiv Orientation.areaForm_comp_linearIsometryEquiv irreducible_def rightAngleRotationAux₁ : E →ₗ[ℝ] E := let to_dual : E ≃ₗ[ℝ] E →ₗ[ℝ] ℝ := (InnerProductSpace.toDual ℝ E).toLinearEquiv ≪≫ₗ LinearMap.toContinuousLinearMap.symm ↑to_dual.symm ∘ₗ ω #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₁ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₁ @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left (x y : E) : ⟪o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x, y⟫ = ω x y := by -- Porting note: split `simp only` for greater proof control simp only [rightAngleRotationAux₁, LinearEquiv.trans_symm, LinearIsometryEquiv.toLinearEquiv_symm, LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply, LinearEquiv.trans_apply, LinearIsometryEquiv.coe_toLinearEquiv] rw [InnerProductSpace.toDual_symm_apply] norm_cast #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_aux₁_left Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right (x y : E) : ⟪x, o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ y⟫ = -ω x y := by rw [real_inner_comm] simp [o.areaForm_swap y x] #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_aux₁_right Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right def rightAngleRotationAux₂ : E →ₗᵢ[ℝ] E := { o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ with norm_map' := fun x => by dsimp refine le_antisymm ?_ ?_ · cases' eq_or_lt_of_le (norm_nonneg (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x)) with h h · rw [← h] positivity refine le_of_mul_le_mul_right ?_ h rw [← real_inner_self_eq_norm_mul_norm, o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left] exact o.areaForm_le x (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) · let K : Submodule ℝ E := ℝ ∙ x have : Nontrivial Kᗮ := by apply @FiniteDimensional.nontrivial_of_finrank_pos ℝ have : finrank ℝ K ≤ Finset.card {x} := by rw [← Set.toFinset_singleton] exact finrank_span_le_card ({x} : Set E) have : Finset.card {x} = 1 := Finset.card_singleton x have : finrank ℝ K + finrank ℝ Kᗮ = finrank ℝ E := K.finrank_add_finrank_orthogonal have : finrank ℝ E = 2 := Fact.out linarith obtain ⟨w, hw₀⟩ : ∃ w : Kᗮ, w ≠ 0 := exists_ne 0 have hw' : ⟪x, (w : E)⟫ = 0 := Submodule.mem_orthogonal_singleton_iff_inner_right.mp w.2 have hw : (w : E) ≠ 0 := fun h => hw₀ (Submodule.coe_eq_zero.mp h) refine le_of_mul_le_mul_right ?_ (by rwa [norm_pos_iff] : 0 < ‖(w : E)‖) rw [← o.abs_areaForm_of_orthogonal hw'] rw [← o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left x w] exact abs_real_inner_le_norm (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) w } #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₂ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₂ @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ (x : E) : o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ (o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x) = -x := by apply ext_inner_left ℝ intro y have : ⟪o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ y, o.rightAngleRotationAux₁ x⟫ = ⟪y, x⟫ := LinearIsometry.inner_map_map o.rightAngleRotationAux₂ y x rw [o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right, ← o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left, this, inner_neg_right] #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_aux₁_right_angle_rotation_aux₁ Orientation.rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ irreducible_def rightAngleRotation : E ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] E := LinearIsometryEquiv.ofLinearIsometry o.rightAngleRotationAux₂ (-o.rightAngleRotationAux₁) (by ext; simp [rightAngleRotationAux₂]) (by ext; simp [rightAngleRotationAux₂]) #align orientation.right_angle_rotation Orientation.rightAngleRotation local notation "J" => o.rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_left (x y : E) : ⟪J x, y⟫ = ω x y := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_left x y #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_left Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_left @[simp] theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_right (x y : E) : ⟪x, J y⟫ = -ω x y := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.inner_rightAngleRotationAux₁_right x y #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_right Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_right @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_rightAngleRotation (x : E) : J (J x) = -x := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact o.rightAngleRotationAux₁_rightAngleRotationAux₁ x #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_right_angle_rotation Orientation.rightAngleRotation_rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem rightAngleRotation_symm : LinearIsometryEquiv.symm J = LinearIsometryEquiv.trans J (LinearIsometryEquiv.neg ℝ) := by rw [rightAngleRotation] exact LinearIsometryEquiv.toLinearIsometry_injective rfl #align orientation.right_angle_rotation_symm Orientation.rightAngleRotation_symm -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp already proves this theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_self (x : E) : ⟪J x, x⟫ = 0 := by simp #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_self Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_self theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_swap (x y : E) : ⟪x, J y⟫ = -⟪J x, y⟫ := by simp #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_swap Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap theorem inner_rightAngleRotation_swap' (x y : E) : ⟪J x, y⟫ = -⟪x, J y⟫ := by simp [o.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap x y] #align orientation.inner_right_angle_rotation_swap' Orientation.inner_rightAngleRotation_swap' theorem inner_comp_rightAngleRotation (x y : E) : ⟪J x, J y⟫ = ⟪x, y⟫ := LinearIsometryEquiv.inner_map_map J x y #align orientation.inner_comp_right_angle_rotation Orientation.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation @[simp] theorem areaForm_rightAngleRotation_left (x y : E) : ω (J x) y = -⟪x, y⟫ := by rw [← o.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation, o.inner_rightAngleRotation_right, neg_neg] #align orientation.area_form_right_angle_rotation_left Orientation.areaForm_rightAngleRotation_left @[simp] theorem areaForm_rightAngleRotation_right (x y : E) : ω x (J y) = ⟪x, y⟫ := by rw [← o.inner_rightAngleRotation_left, o.inner_comp_rightAngleRotation] #align orientation.area_form_right_angle_rotation_right Orientation.areaForm_rightAngleRotation_right -- @[simp] -- Porting note (#10618): simp already proves this theorem areaForm_comp_rightAngleRotation (x y : E) : ω (J x) (J y) = ω x y := by simp #align orientation.area_form_comp_right_angle_rotation Orientation.areaForm_comp_rightAngleRotation @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/InnerProductSpace/TwoDim.lean
316
317
theorem rightAngleRotation_trans_rightAngleRotation : LinearIsometryEquiv.trans J J = LinearIsometryEquiv.neg ℝ := by
ext; simp
import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.PiLp import Mathlib.Analysis.InnerProductSpace.PiL2 #align_import analysis.matrix from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"46b633fd842bef9469441c0209906f6dddd2b4f5" noncomputable section open scoped NNReal Matrix namespace Matrix variable {R l m n α β : Type*} [Fintype l] [Fintype m] [Fintype n] section LinfLinf protected def normedAddCommGroup [NormedAddCommGroup α] : NormedAddCommGroup (Matrix m n α) := Pi.normedAddCommGroup #align matrix.normed_add_comm_group Matrix.normedAddCommGroup section LinftyOp @[local instance] protected def linftyOpSeminormedAddCommGroup [SeminormedAddCommGroup α] : SeminormedAddCommGroup (Matrix m n α) := (by infer_instance : SeminormedAddCommGroup (m → PiLp 1 fun j : n => α)) #align matrix.linfty_op_seminormed_add_comm_group Matrix.linftyOpSeminormedAddCommGroup @[local instance] protected def linftyOpNormedAddCommGroup [NormedAddCommGroup α] : NormedAddCommGroup (Matrix m n α) := (by infer_instance : NormedAddCommGroup (m → PiLp 1 fun j : n => α)) #align matrix.linfty_op_normed_add_comm_group Matrix.linftyOpNormedAddCommGroup @[local instance] protected theorem linftyOpBoundedSMul [SeminormedRing R] [SeminormedAddCommGroup α] [Module R α] [BoundedSMul R α] : BoundedSMul R (Matrix m n α) := (by infer_instance : BoundedSMul R (m → PiLp 1 fun j : n => α)) @[local instance] protected def linftyOpNormedSpace [NormedField R] [SeminormedAddCommGroup α] [NormedSpace R α] : NormedSpace R (Matrix m n α) := (by infer_instance : NormedSpace R (m → PiLp 1 fun j : n => α)) #align matrix.linfty_op_normed_space Matrix.linftyOpNormedSpace section SeminormedAddCommGroup variable [SeminormedAddCommGroup α]
Mathlib/Analysis/Matrix.lean
273
277
theorem linfty_opNorm_def (A : Matrix m n α) : ‖A‖ = ((Finset.univ : Finset m).sup fun i : m => ∑ j : n, ‖A i j‖₊ : ℝ≥0) := by
-- Porting note: added change ‖fun i => (WithLp.equiv 1 _).symm (A i)‖ = _ simp [Pi.norm_def, PiLp.nnnorm_eq_sum ENNReal.one_ne_top]
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Monoidal.Braided.Basic import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Monoidal.OfChosenFiniteProducts.Basic #align_import category_theory.monoidal.of_chosen_finite_products.symmetric from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"95a87616d63b3cb49d3fe678d416fbe9c4217bf4" universe v u namespace CategoryTheory variable {C : Type u} [Category.{v} C] {X Y : C} open CategoryTheory.Limits variable (𝒯 : LimitCone (Functor.empty.{0} C)) variable (ℬ : ∀ X Y : C, LimitCone (pair X Y)) open MonoidalOfChosenFiniteProducts namespace MonoidalOfChosenFiniteProducts open MonoidalCategory theorem braiding_naturality {X X' Y Y' : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) (g : X' ⟶ Y') : tensorHom ℬ f g ≫ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ Y Y').isLimit (ℬ Y' Y).isLimit).hom = (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X X').isLimit (ℬ X' X).isLimit).hom ≫ tensorHom ℬ g f := by dsimp [tensorHom, Limits.BinaryFan.braiding] apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ <;> · dsimp [Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso]; simp #align category_theory.monoidal_of_chosen_finite_products.braiding_naturality CategoryTheory.MonoidalOfChosenFiniteProducts.braiding_naturality theorem hexagon_forward (X Y Z : C) : (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ X Y Z).hom ≫ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X (tensorObj ℬ Y Z)).isLimit (ℬ (tensorObj ℬ Y Z) X).isLimit).hom ≫ (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ Y Z X).hom = tensorHom ℬ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X Y).isLimit (ℬ Y X).isLimit).hom (𝟙 Z) ≫ (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ Y X Z).hom ≫ tensorHom ℬ (𝟙 Y) (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X Z).isLimit (ℬ Z X).isLimit).hom := by dsimp [tensorHom, Limits.BinaryFan.braiding] apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext; rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ · dsimp [Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso]; simp · apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ <;> · dsimp [Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso]; simp #align category_theory.monoidal_of_chosen_finite_products.hexagon_forward CategoryTheory.MonoidalOfChosenFiniteProducts.hexagon_forward theorem hexagon_reverse (X Y Z : C) : (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ X Y Z).inv ≫ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ (tensorObj ℬ X Y) Z).isLimit (ℬ Z (tensorObj ℬ X Y)).isLimit).hom ≫ (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ Z X Y).inv = tensorHom ℬ (𝟙 X) (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ Y Z).isLimit (ℬ Z Y).isLimit).hom ≫ (BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone ℬ X Z Y).inv ≫ tensorHom ℬ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X Z).isLimit (ℬ Z X).isLimit).hom (𝟙 Y) := by dsimp [tensorHom, Limits.BinaryFan.braiding] apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext; rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ · apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ <;> · dsimp [BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone, BinaryFan.associator, Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso] simp · dsimp [BinaryFan.associatorOfLimitCone, BinaryFan.associator, Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso] simp #align category_theory.monoidal_of_chosen_finite_products.hexagon_reverse CategoryTheory.MonoidalOfChosenFiniteProducts.hexagon_reverse
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Monoidal/OfChosenFiniteProducts/Symmetric.lean
77
83
theorem symmetry (X Y : C) : (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ X Y).isLimit (ℬ Y X).isLimit).hom ≫ (Limits.BinaryFan.braiding (ℬ Y X).isLimit (ℬ X Y).isLimit).hom = 𝟙 (tensorObj ℬ X Y) := by
dsimp [tensorHom, Limits.BinaryFan.braiding] apply (ℬ _ _).isLimit.hom_ext; rintro ⟨⟨⟩⟩ <;> · dsimp [Limits.IsLimit.conePointUniqueUpToIso]; simp
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.AffineSpace.AffineEquiv #align_import linear_algebra.affine_space.affine_subspace from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e96bdfbd1e8c98a09ff75f7ac6204d142debc840" noncomputable section open Affine open Set section variable (k : Type*) {V : Type*} {P : Type*} [Ring k] [AddCommGroup V] [Module k V] variable [AffineSpace V P] def vectorSpan (s : Set P) : Submodule k V := Submodule.span k (s -ᵥ s) #align vector_span vectorSpan theorem vectorSpan_def (s : Set P) : vectorSpan k s = Submodule.span k (s -ᵥ s) := rfl #align vector_span_def vectorSpan_def theorem vectorSpan_mono {s₁ s₂ : Set P} (h : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : vectorSpan k s₁ ≤ vectorSpan k s₂ := Submodule.span_mono (vsub_self_mono h) #align vector_span_mono vectorSpan_mono variable (P) @[simp]
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/AffineSpace/AffineSubspace.lean
78
79
theorem vectorSpan_empty : vectorSpan k (∅ : Set P) = (⊥ : Submodule k V) := by
rw [vectorSpan_def, vsub_empty, Submodule.span_empty]
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Adjunction.Opposites import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Comma.Presheaf import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Elements import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.ConeCategory import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Final import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.KanExtension import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Over #align_import category_theory.limits.presheaf from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" namespace CategoryTheory open Category Limits universe v₁ v₂ u₁ u₂ section SmallCategory variable {C : Type u₁} [SmallCategory C] variable {ℰ : Type u₂} [Category.{u₁} ℰ] variable (A : C ⥤ ℰ) namespace ColimitAdj @[simps!] def restrictedYoneda : ℰ ⥤ Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁ := yoneda ⋙ (whiskeringLeft _ _ (Type u₁)).obj (Functor.op A) #align category_theory.colimit_adj.restricted_yoneda CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.restrictedYoneda def restrictedYonedaYoneda : restrictedYoneda (yoneda : C ⥤ Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁) ≅ 𝟭 _ := NatIso.ofComponents fun P => NatIso.ofComponents (fun X => Equiv.toIso yonedaEquiv) @ fun X Y f => funext fun x => by dsimp [yonedaEquiv] have : x.app X (CategoryStruct.id (Opposite.unop X)) = (x.app X (𝟙 (Opposite.unop X))) := rfl rw [this] rw [← FunctorToTypes.naturality _ _ x f (𝟙 _)] simp only [id_comp, Functor.op_obj, Opposite.unop_op, yoneda_obj_map, comp_id] #align category_theory.colimit_adj.restricted_yoneda_yoneda CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.restrictedYonedaYoneda def restrictYonedaHomEquiv (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁) (E : ℰ) {c : Cocone ((CategoryOfElements.π P).leftOp ⋙ A)} (t : IsColimit c) : (c.pt ⟶ E) ≃ (P ⟶ (restrictedYoneda A).obj E) := ((uliftTrivial _).symm ≪≫ t.homIso' E).toEquiv.trans { toFun := fun k => { app := fun c p => k.1 (Opposite.op ⟨_, p⟩) naturality := fun c c' f => funext fun p => (k.2 (Quiver.Hom.op ⟨f, rfl⟩ : (Opposite.op ⟨c', P.map f p⟩ : P.Elementsᵒᵖ) ⟶ Opposite.op ⟨c, p⟩)).symm } invFun := fun τ => { val := fun p => τ.app p.unop.1 p.unop.2 property := @fun p p' f => by simp_rw [← f.unop.2] apply (congr_fun (τ.naturality f.unop.1) p'.unop.2).symm } left_inv := by rintro ⟨k₁, k₂⟩ ext dsimp congr 1 right_inv := by rintro ⟨_, _⟩ rfl } #align category_theory.colimit_adj.restrict_yoneda_hom_equiv CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.restrictYonedaHomEquiv theorem restrictYonedaHomEquiv_natural (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁) (E₁ E₂ : ℰ) (g : E₁ ⟶ E₂) {c : Cocone _} (t : IsColimit c) (k : c.pt ⟶ E₁) : restrictYonedaHomEquiv A P E₂ t (k ≫ g) = restrictYonedaHomEquiv A P E₁ t k ≫ (restrictedYoneda A).map g := by ext x X apply (assoc _ _ _).symm #align category_theory.colimit_adj.restrict_yoneda_hom_equiv_natural CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.restrictYonedaHomEquiv_natural variable [HasColimits ℰ] noncomputable def extendAlongYoneda : (Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁) ⥤ ℰ := Adjunction.leftAdjointOfEquiv (fun P E => restrictYonedaHomEquiv A P E (colimit.isColimit _)) fun P E E' g => restrictYonedaHomEquiv_natural A P E E' g _ #align category_theory.colimit_adj.extend_along_yoneda CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.extendAlongYoneda @[simp] theorem extendAlongYoneda_obj (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁) : (extendAlongYoneda A).obj P = colimit ((CategoryOfElements.π P).leftOp ⋙ A) := rfl #align category_theory.colimit_adj.extend_along_yoneda_obj CategoryTheory.ColimitAdj.extendAlongYoneda_obj -- Porting note: adding this lemma because lean 4 ext no longer applies all ext lemmas when -- stuck (and hence can see through definitional equalities). The previous lemma shows that -- `(extendAlongYoneda A).obj P` is definitionally a colimit, and the ext lemma is just -- a special case of `CategoryTheory.Limits.colimit.hom_ext`. -- See https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5229 @[ext] lemma extendAlongYoneda_obj.hom_ext {X : ℰ} {P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁} {f f' : (extendAlongYoneda A).obj P ⟶ X} (w : ∀ j, colimit.ι ((CategoryOfElements.π P).leftOp ⋙ A) j ≫ f = colimit.ι ((CategoryOfElements.π P).leftOp ⋙ A) j ≫ f') : f = f' := CategoryTheory.Limits.colimit.hom_ext w
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Limits/Presheaf.lean
158
175
theorem extendAlongYoneda_map {X Y : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type u₁} (f : X ⟶ Y) : (extendAlongYoneda A).map f = colimit.pre ((CategoryOfElements.π Y).leftOp ⋙ A) (CategoryOfElements.map f).op := by
ext J erw [colimit.ι_pre ((CategoryOfElements.π Y).leftOp ⋙ A) (CategoryOfElements.map f).op] dsimp only [extendAlongYoneda, restrictYonedaHomEquiv, IsColimit.homIso', IsColimit.homIso, uliftTrivial] -- Porting note: in mathlib3 the rest of the proof was `simp, refl`; this is squeezed -- and appropriately reordered, presumably because of a non-confluence issue. simp only [Adjunction.leftAdjointOfEquiv_map, Iso.symm_mk, Iso.toEquiv_comp, Equiv.coe_trans, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Iso.toEquiv_fun, Equiv.symm_trans_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk, Iso.toEquiv_symm_fun, id, colimit.isColimit_desc, colimit.ι_desc, FunctorToTypes.comp, Cocone.extend_ι, Cocone.extensions_app, Functor.map_id, Category.comp_id, colimit.cocone_ι] simp only [Functor.comp_obj, Functor.leftOp_obj, CategoryOfElements.π_obj, colimit.cocone_x, Functor.comp_map, Functor.leftOp_map, CategoryOfElements.π_map, Opposite.unop_op, Adjunction.leftAdjointOfEquiv_obj, Function.comp_apply, Functor.map_id, comp_id, colimit.cocone_ι, Functor.op_obj] rfl
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Finsupp import Mathlib.Algebra.MonoidAlgebra.Support import Mathlib.Algebra.DirectSum.Internal import Mathlib.RingTheory.GradedAlgebra.Basic #align_import algebra.monoid_algebra.grading from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"feb99064803fd3108e37c18b0f77d0a8344677a3" noncomputable section namespace AddMonoidAlgebra variable {M : Type*} {ι : Type*} {R : Type*} section variable (R) [CommSemiring R] abbrev gradeBy (f : M → ι) (i : ι) : Submodule R R[M] where carrier := { a | ∀ m, m ∈ a.support → f m = i } zero_mem' m h := by cases h add_mem' {a b} ha hb m h := by classical exact (Finset.mem_union.mp (Finsupp.support_add h)).elim (ha m) (hb m) smul_mem' a m h := Set.Subset.trans Finsupp.support_smul h #align add_monoid_algebra.grade_by AddMonoidAlgebra.gradeBy abbrev grade (m : M) : Submodule R R[M] := gradeBy R id m #align add_monoid_algebra.grade AddMonoidAlgebra.grade theorem gradeBy_id : gradeBy R (id : M → M) = grade R := rfl #align add_monoid_algebra.grade_by_id AddMonoidAlgebra.gradeBy_id theorem mem_gradeBy_iff (f : M → ι) (i : ι) (a : R[M]) : a ∈ gradeBy R f i ↔ (a.support : Set M) ⊆ f ⁻¹' {i} := by rfl #align add_monoid_algebra.mem_grade_by_iff AddMonoidAlgebra.mem_gradeBy_iff theorem mem_grade_iff (m : M) (a : R[M]) : a ∈ grade R m ↔ a.support ⊆ {m} := by rw [← Finset.coe_subset, Finset.coe_singleton] rfl #align add_monoid_algebra.mem_grade_iff AddMonoidAlgebra.mem_grade_iff theorem mem_grade_iff' (m : M) (a : R[M]) : a ∈ grade R m ↔ a ∈ (LinearMap.range (Finsupp.lsingle m : R →ₗ[R] M →₀ R) : Submodule R R[M]) := by rw [mem_grade_iff, Finsupp.support_subset_singleton'] apply exists_congr intro r constructor <;> exact Eq.symm #align add_monoid_algebra.mem_grade_iff' AddMonoidAlgebra.mem_grade_iff' theorem grade_eq_lsingle_range (m : M) : grade R m = LinearMap.range (Finsupp.lsingle m : R →ₗ[R] M →₀ R) := Submodule.ext (mem_grade_iff' R m) #align add_monoid_algebra.grade_eq_lsingle_range AddMonoidAlgebra.grade_eq_lsingle_range theorem single_mem_gradeBy {R} [CommSemiring R] (f : M → ι) (m : M) (r : R) : Finsupp.single m r ∈ gradeBy R f (f m) := by intro x hx rw [Finset.mem_singleton.mp (Finsupp.support_single_subset hx)] #align add_monoid_algebra.single_mem_grade_by AddMonoidAlgebra.single_mem_gradeBy theorem single_mem_grade {R} [CommSemiring R] (i : M) (r : R) : Finsupp.single i r ∈ grade R i := single_mem_gradeBy _ _ _ #align add_monoid_algebra.single_mem_grade AddMonoidAlgebra.single_mem_grade end open DirectSum instance gradeBy.gradedMonoid [AddMonoid M] [AddMonoid ι] [CommSemiring R] (f : M →+ ι) : SetLike.GradedMonoid (gradeBy R f : ι → Submodule R R[M]) where one_mem m h := by rw [one_def] at h obtain rfl : m = 0 := Finset.mem_singleton.1 <| Finsupp.support_single_subset h apply map_zero mul_mem i j a b ha hb c hc := by classical obtain ⟨ma, hma, mb, hmb, rfl⟩ : ∃ y ∈ a.support, ∃ z ∈ b.support, y + z = c := Finset.mem_add.1 <| support_mul a b hc rw [map_add, ha ma hma, hb mb hmb] #align add_monoid_algebra.grade_by.graded_monoid AddMonoidAlgebra.gradeBy.gradedMonoid instance grade.gradedMonoid [AddMonoid M] [CommSemiring R] : SetLike.GradedMonoid (grade R : M → Submodule R R[M]) := by apply gradeBy.gradedMonoid (AddMonoidHom.id _) #align add_monoid_algebra.grade.graded_monoid AddMonoidAlgebra.grade.gradedMonoid variable [AddMonoid M] [DecidableEq ι] [AddMonoid ι] [CommSemiring R] (f : M →+ ι) def decomposeAux : R[M] →ₐ[R] ⨁ i : ι, gradeBy R f i := AddMonoidAlgebra.lift R M _ { toFun := fun m => DirectSum.of (fun i : ι => gradeBy R f i) (f (Multiplicative.toAdd m)) ⟨Finsupp.single (Multiplicative.toAdd m) 1, single_mem_gradeBy _ _ _⟩ map_one' := DirectSum.of_eq_of_gradedMonoid_eq (by congr 2 <;> simp) map_mul' := fun i j => by symm dsimp only [toAdd_one, Eq.ndrec, Set.mem_setOf_eq, ne_eq, OneHom.toFun_eq_coe, OneHom.coe_mk, toAdd_mul] convert DirectSum.of_mul_of (A := (fun i : ι => gradeBy R f i)) _ _ repeat { rw [ AddMonoidHom.map_add] } simp only [SetLike.coe_gMul] exact Eq.trans (by rw [one_mul]) single_mul_single.symm } #align add_monoid_algebra.decompose_aux AddMonoidAlgebra.decomposeAux
Mathlib/Algebra/MonoidAlgebra/Grading.lean
140
150
theorem decomposeAux_single (m : M) (r : R) : decomposeAux f (Finsupp.single m r) = DirectSum.of (fun i : ι => gradeBy R f i) (f m) ⟨Finsupp.single m r, single_mem_gradeBy _ _ _⟩ := by
refine (lift_single _ _ _).trans ?_ refine (DirectSum.of_smul R _ _ _).symm.trans ?_ apply DirectSum.of_eq_of_gradedMonoid_eq refine Sigma.subtype_ext rfl ?_ refine (Finsupp.smul_single' _ _ _).trans ?_ rw [mul_one] rfl
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Finite #align_import data.finite.card from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3ff3f2d6a3118b8711063de7111a0d77a53219a8" noncomputable section open scoped Classical variable {α β γ : Type*} def Finite.equivFin (α : Type*) [Finite α] : α ≃ Fin (Nat.card α) := by have := (Finite.exists_equiv_fin α).choose_spec.some rwa [Nat.card_eq_of_equiv_fin this] #align finite.equiv_fin Finite.equivFin def Finite.equivFinOfCardEq [Finite α] {n : ℕ} (h : Nat.card α = n) : α ≃ Fin n := by subst h apply Finite.equivFin #align finite.equiv_fin_of_card_eq Finite.equivFinOfCardEq theorem Nat.card_eq (α : Type*) : Nat.card α = if h : Finite α then @Fintype.card α (Fintype.ofFinite α) else 0 := by cases finite_or_infinite α · letI := Fintype.ofFinite α simp only [*, Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, dif_pos] · simp only [*, card_eq_zero_of_infinite, not_finite_iff_infinite.mpr, dite_false] #align nat.card_eq Nat.card_eq theorem Finite.card_pos_iff [Finite α] : 0 < Nat.card α ↔ Nonempty α := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α rw [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.card_pos_iff] #align finite.card_pos_iff Finite.card_pos_iff theorem Finite.card_pos [Finite α] [h : Nonempty α] : 0 < Nat.card α := Finite.card_pos_iff.mpr h #align finite.card_pos Finite.card_pos namespace Finite theorem cast_card_eq_mk {α : Type*} [Finite α] : ↑(Nat.card α) = Cardinal.mk α := Cardinal.cast_toNat_of_lt_aleph0 (Cardinal.lt_aleph0_of_finite α) #align finite.cast_card_eq_mk Finite.cast_card_eq_mk theorem card_eq [Finite α] [Finite β] : Nat.card α = Nat.card β ↔ Nonempty (α ≃ β) := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α haveI := Fintype.ofFinite β simp only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.card_eq] #align finite.card_eq Finite.card_eq theorem card_le_one_iff_subsingleton [Finite α] : Nat.card α ≤ 1 ↔ Subsingleton α := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α simp only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.card_le_one_iff_subsingleton] #align finite.card_le_one_iff_subsingleton Finite.card_le_one_iff_subsingleton theorem one_lt_card_iff_nontrivial [Finite α] : 1 < Nat.card α ↔ Nontrivial α := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α simp only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.one_lt_card_iff_nontrivial] #align finite.one_lt_card_iff_nontrivial Finite.one_lt_card_iff_nontrivial theorem one_lt_card [Finite α] [h : Nontrivial α] : 1 < Nat.card α := one_lt_card_iff_nontrivial.mpr h #align finite.one_lt_card Finite.one_lt_card @[simp] theorem card_option [Finite α] : Nat.card (Option α) = Nat.card α + 1 := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α simp only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.card_option] #align finite.card_option Finite.card_option theorem card_le_of_injective [Finite β] (f : α → β) (hf : Function.Injective f) : Nat.card α ≤ Nat.card β := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite β haveI := Fintype.ofInjective f hf simpa only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, ge_iff_le] using Fintype.card_le_of_injective f hf #align finite.card_le_of_injective Finite.card_le_of_injective theorem card_le_of_embedding [Finite β] (f : α ↪ β) : Nat.card α ≤ Nat.card β := card_le_of_injective _ f.injective #align finite.card_le_of_embedding Finite.card_le_of_embedding theorem card_le_of_surjective [Finite α] (f : α → β) (hf : Function.Surjective f) : Nat.card β ≤ Nat.card α := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α haveI := Fintype.ofSurjective f hf simpa only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, ge_iff_le] using Fintype.card_le_of_surjective f hf #align finite.card_le_of_surjective Finite.card_le_of_surjective theorem card_eq_zero_iff [Finite α] : Nat.card α = 0 ↔ IsEmpty α := by haveI := Fintype.ofFinite α simp only [Nat.card_eq_fintype_card, Fintype.card_eq_zero_iff] #align finite.card_eq_zero_iff Finite.card_eq_zero_iff theorem card_le_of_injective' {f : α → β} (hf : Function.Injective f) (h : Nat.card β = 0 → Nat.card α = 0) : Nat.card α ≤ Nat.card β := (or_not_of_imp h).casesOn (fun h => le_of_eq_of_le h zero_le') fun h => @card_le_of_injective α β (Nat.finite_of_card_ne_zero h) f hf #align finite.card_le_of_injective' Finite.card_le_of_injective' theorem card_le_of_embedding' (f : α ↪ β) (h : Nat.card β = 0 → Nat.card α = 0) : Nat.card α ≤ Nat.card β := card_le_of_injective' f.2 h #align finite.card_le_of_embedding' Finite.card_le_of_embedding' theorem card_le_of_surjective' {f : α → β} (hf : Function.Surjective f) (h : Nat.card α = 0 → Nat.card β = 0) : Nat.card β ≤ Nat.card α := (or_not_of_imp h).casesOn (fun h => le_of_eq_of_le h zero_le') fun h => @card_le_of_surjective α β (Nat.finite_of_card_ne_zero h) f hf #align finite.card_le_of_surjective' Finite.card_le_of_surjective'
Mathlib/Data/Finite/Card.lean
145
152
theorem card_eq_zero_of_surjective {f : α → β} (hf : Function.Surjective f) (h : Nat.card β = 0) : Nat.card α = 0 := by
cases finite_or_infinite β · haveI := card_eq_zero_iff.mp h haveI := Function.isEmpty f exact Nat.card_of_isEmpty · haveI := Infinite.of_surjective f hf exact Nat.card_eq_zero_of_infinite
import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.CompleteSeparated import Mathlib.Topology.EMetricSpace.Lipschitz import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Basic import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Bounded #align_import topology.metric_space.antilipschitz from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"c8f305514e0d47dfaa710f5a52f0d21b588e6328" variable {α β γ : Type*} open scoped NNReal ENNReal Uniformity Topology open Set Filter Bornology def AntilipschitzWith [PseudoEMetricSpace α] [PseudoEMetricSpace β] (K : ℝ≥0) (f : α → β) := ∀ x y, edist x y ≤ K * edist (f x) (f y) #align antilipschitz_with AntilipschitzWith theorem AntilipschitzWith.edist_lt_top [PseudoEMetricSpace α] [PseudoMetricSpace β] {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → β} (h : AntilipschitzWith K f) (x y : α) : edist x y < ⊤ := (h x y).trans_lt <| ENNReal.mul_lt_top ENNReal.coe_ne_top (edist_ne_top _ _) #align antilipschitz_with.edist_lt_top AntilipschitzWith.edist_lt_top theorem AntilipschitzWith.edist_ne_top [PseudoEMetricSpace α] [PseudoMetricSpace β] {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → β} (h : AntilipschitzWith K f) (x y : α) : edist x y ≠ ⊤ := (h.edist_lt_top x y).ne #align antilipschitz_with.edist_ne_top AntilipschitzWith.edist_ne_top section Metric variable [PseudoMetricSpace α] [PseudoMetricSpace β] {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → β} theorem antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_nndist : AntilipschitzWith K f ↔ ∀ x y, nndist x y ≤ K * nndist (f x) (f y) := by simp only [AntilipschitzWith, edist_nndist] norm_cast #align antilipschitz_with_iff_le_mul_nndist antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_nndist alias ⟨AntilipschitzWith.le_mul_nndist, AntilipschitzWith.of_le_mul_nndist⟩ := antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_nndist #align antilipschitz_with.le_mul_nndist AntilipschitzWith.le_mul_nndist #align antilipschitz_with.of_le_mul_nndist AntilipschitzWith.of_le_mul_nndist theorem antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_dist : AntilipschitzWith K f ↔ ∀ x y, dist x y ≤ K * dist (f x) (f y) := by simp only [antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_nndist, dist_nndist] norm_cast #align antilipschitz_with_iff_le_mul_dist antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_dist alias ⟨AntilipschitzWith.le_mul_dist, AntilipschitzWith.of_le_mul_dist⟩ := antilipschitzWith_iff_le_mul_dist #align antilipschitz_with.le_mul_dist AntilipschitzWith.le_mul_dist #align antilipschitz_with.of_le_mul_dist AntilipschitzWith.of_le_mul_dist namespace AntilipschitzWith variable [PseudoEMetricSpace α] [PseudoEMetricSpace β] [PseudoEMetricSpace γ] variable {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → β} open EMetric -- uses neither `f` nor `hf` @[nolint unusedArguments] protected def k (_hf : AntilipschitzWith K f) : ℝ≥0 := K set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align antilipschitz_with.K AntilipschitzWith.k protected theorem injective {α : Type*} {β : Type*} [EMetricSpace α] [PseudoEMetricSpace β] {K : ℝ≥0} {f : α → β} (hf : AntilipschitzWith K f) : Function.Injective f := fun x y h => by simpa only [h, edist_self, mul_zero, edist_le_zero] using hf x y #align antilipschitz_with.injective AntilipschitzWith.injective
Mathlib/Topology/MetricSpace/Antilipschitz.lean
110
113
theorem mul_le_edist (hf : AntilipschitzWith K f) (x y : α) : (K : ℝ≥0∞)⁻¹ * edist x y ≤ edist (f x) (f y) := by
rw [mul_comm, ← div_eq_mul_inv] exact ENNReal.div_le_of_le_mul' (hf x y)
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Trigonometric.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Group.AddCircle import Mathlib.Algebra.CharZero.Quotient import Mathlib.Topology.Instances.Sign #align_import analysis.special_functions.trigonometric.angle from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"213b0cff7bc5ab6696ee07cceec80829ce42efec" open Real noncomputable section namespace Real -- Porting note: can't derive `NormedAddCommGroup, Inhabited` def Angle : Type := AddCircle (2 * π) #align real.angle Real.Angle namespace Angle -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : NormedAddCommGroup Angle := inferInstanceAs (NormedAddCommGroup (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving instance : Inhabited Angle := inferInstanceAs (Inhabited (AddCircle (2 * π))) -- Porting note (#10754): added due to missing instances due to no deriving -- also, without this, a plain `QuotientAddGroup.mk` -- causes coerced terms to be of type `ℝ ⧸ AddSubgroup.zmultiples (2 * π)` @[coe] protected def coe (r : ℝ) : Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk r instance : Coe ℝ Angle := ⟨Angle.coe⟩ instance : CircularOrder Real.Angle := QuotientAddGroup.circularOrder (hp' := ⟨by norm_num [pi_pos]⟩) @[continuity] theorem continuous_coe : Continuous ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := continuous_quotient_mk' #align real.angle.continuous_coe Real.Angle.continuous_coe def coeHom : ℝ →+ Angle := QuotientAddGroup.mk' _ #align real.angle.coe_hom Real.Angle.coeHom @[simp] theorem coe_coeHom : (coeHom : ℝ → Angle) = ((↑) : ℝ → Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_coe_hom Real.Angle.coe_coeHom @[elab_as_elim] protected theorem induction_on {p : Angle → Prop} (θ : Angle) (h : ∀ x : ℝ, p x) : p θ := Quotient.inductionOn' θ h #align real.angle.induction_on Real.Angle.induction_on @[simp] theorem coe_zero : ↑(0 : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zero Real.Angle.coe_zero @[simp] theorem coe_add (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x + y : ℝ) = (↑x + ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_add Real.Angle.coe_add @[simp] theorem coe_neg (x : ℝ) : ↑(-x : ℝ) = -(↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_neg Real.Angle.coe_neg @[simp] theorem coe_sub (x y : ℝ) : ↑(x - y : ℝ) = (↑x - ↑y : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_sub Real.Angle.coe_sub theorem coe_nsmul (n : ℕ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(n • x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_nsmul Real.Angle.coe_nsmul theorem coe_zsmul (z : ℤ) (x : ℝ) : ↑(z • x : ℝ) = z • (↑x : Angle) := rfl #align real.angle.coe_zsmul Real.Angle.coe_zsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem natCast_mul_eq_nsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℕ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [nsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_nsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul Real.Angle.natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[simp, norm_cast] theorem intCast_mul_eq_zsmul (x : ℝ) (n : ℤ) : ↑((n : ℝ) * x : ℝ) = n • (↑x : Angle) := by simpa only [zsmul_eq_mul] using coeHom.map_zsmul x n #align real.angle.coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul Real.Angle.intCast_mul_eq_zsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_nat_mul_eq_nsmul := natCast_mul_eq_nsmul @[deprecated (since := "2024-05-25")] alias coe_int_mul_eq_zsmul := intCast_mul_eq_zsmul theorem angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub {ψ θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle) = ψ ↔ ∃ k : ℤ, θ - ψ = 2 * π * k := by simp only [QuotientAddGroup.eq, AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] -- Porting note: added `rw`, `simp [Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq]` doesn't fire otherwise rw [Angle.coe, Angle.coe, QuotientAddGroup.eq] simp only [AddSubgroup.zmultiples_eq_closure, AddSubgroup.mem_closure_singleton, zsmul_eq_mul', (sub_eq_neg_add _ _).symm, eq_comm] #align real.angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub Real.Angle.angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub @[simp] theorem coe_two_pi : ↑(2 * π : ℝ) = (0 : Angle) := angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub.2 ⟨1, by rw [sub_zero, Int.cast_one, mul_one]⟩ #align real.angle.coe_two_pi Real.Angle.coe_two_pi @[simp] theorem neg_coe_pi : -(π : Angle) = π := by rw [← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] use -1 simp [two_mul, sub_eq_add_neg] #align real.angle.neg_coe_pi Real.Angle.neg_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_div_two @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_div_two (θ : ℝ) : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(θ / 2) : Angle) = θ := by rw [← coe_zsmul, two_zsmul, add_halves] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℕ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_nsmul_coe_div_two, coe_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two : (2 : ℤ) • (↑(-π / 2) : Angle) = π := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.two_zsmul_neg_pi_div_two theorem sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi (θ : Angle) : θ - π = θ + π := by rw [sub_eq_add_neg, neg_coe_pi] #align real.angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.sub_coe_pi_eq_add_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_nsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℕ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← natCast_mul_eq_nsmul] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem two_zsmul_coe_pi : (2 : ℤ) • (π : Angle) = 0 := by simp [← intCast_mul_eq_zsmul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_coe_pi @[simp] theorem coe_pi_add_coe_pi : (π : Real.Angle) + π = 0 := by rw [← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_coe_pi] #align real.angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi Real.Angle.coe_pi_add_coe_pi theorem zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {z : ℤ} (hz : z ≠ 0) : z • ψ = z • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin z.natAbs, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / z : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_zsmul_eq_zsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.zsmul_eq_iff theorem nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} {n : ℕ} (hz : n ≠ 0) : n • ψ = n • θ ↔ ∃ k : Fin n, ψ = θ + (k : ℕ) • (2 * π / n : ℝ) := QuotientAddGroup.zmultiples_nsmul_eq_nsmul_iff hz #align real.angle.nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • ψ = (2 : ℤ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by -- Porting note: no `Int.natAbs_bit0` anymore have : Int.natAbs 2 = 2 := rfl rw [zsmul_eq_iff two_ne_zero, this, Fin.exists_fin_two, Fin.val_zero, Fin.val_one, zero_smul, add_zero, one_smul, Int.cast_two, mul_div_cancel_left₀ (_ : ℝ) two_ne_zero] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_iff {ψ θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • ψ = (2 : ℕ) • θ ↔ ψ = θ ∨ ψ = θ + ↑π := by simp_rw [← natCast_zsmul, Nat.cast_ofNat, two_zsmul_eq_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by convert two_nsmul_eq_iff <;> simp #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff theorem two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← two_zsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_ne_zero_iff theorem eq_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ = -θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [← add_eq_zero_iff_eq_neg, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.eq_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.eq_neg_self_iff theorem ne_neg_self_iff {θ : Angle} : θ ≠ -θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← eq_neg_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.ne_neg_self_iff Real.Angle.ne_neg_self_iff theorem neg_eq_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ = θ ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by rw [eq_comm, eq_neg_self_iff] #align real.angle.neg_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_eq_self_iff theorem neg_ne_self_iff {θ : Angle} : -θ ≠ θ ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← neg_eq_self_iff.not] #align real.angle.neg_ne_self_iff Real.Angle.neg_ne_self_iff theorem two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℕ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by have h : (π : Angle) = ((2 : ℕ) • (π / 2 : ℝ) :) := by rw [two_nsmul, add_halves] nth_rw 1 [h] rw [coe_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_iff] -- Porting note: `congr` didn't simplify the goal of iff of `Or`s convert Iff.rfl rw [add_comm, ← coe_add, ← sub_eq_zero, ← coe_sub, neg_div, ← neg_sub, sub_neg_eq_add, add_assoc, add_halves, ← two_mul, coe_neg, coe_two_pi, neg_zero] #align real.angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : (2 : ℤ) • θ = π ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_eq_pi_iff] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.two_zsmul_eq_pi_iff theorem cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) = -ψ := by constructor · intro Hcos rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, mul_eq_zero, mul_eq_zero, neg_eq_zero, eq_false (two_ne_zero' ℝ), false_or_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff, sin_eq_zero_iff] at Hcos rcases Hcos with (⟨n, hn⟩ | ⟨n, hn⟩) · right rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), ← sub_eq_iff_eq_add] at hn rw [← hn, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, sub_add_cancel, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero] · left rw [eq_div_iff_mul_eq (two_ne_zero' ℝ), eq_sub_iff_add_eq] at hn rw [← hn, coe_add, mul_assoc, intCast_mul_eq_zsmul, mul_comm, coe_two_pi, zsmul_zero, zero_add] · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← coe_neg, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero] rw [← sub_eq_zero, cos_sub_cos, ← sub_neg_eq_add, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ (θ : Angle) = ψ ∨ (θ : Angle) + ψ = π := by constructor · intro Hsin rw [← cos_pi_div_two_sub, ← cos_pi_div_two_sub] at Hsin cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hsin with h h · left rw [coe_sub, coe_sub] at h exact sub_right_inj.1 h right rw [coe_sub, coe_sub, eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, add_sub, sub_add_eq_add_sub, ← coe_add, add_halves, sub_sub, sub_eq_zero] at h exact h.symm · rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, ← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← coe_sub, angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] rintro (⟨k, H⟩ | ⟨k, H⟩) · rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H, mul_assoc 2 π k, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), mul_comm π _, sin_int_mul_pi, mul_zero, zero_mul] have H' : θ + ψ = 2 * k * π + π := by rwa [← sub_add, sub_add_eq_add_sub, sub_eq_iff_eq_add, mul_assoc, mul_comm π _, ← mul_assoc] at H rw [← sub_eq_zero, sin_sub_sin, H', add_div, mul_assoc 2 _ π, mul_div_cancel_left₀ _ (two_ne_zero' ℝ), cos_add_pi_div_two, sin_int_mul_pi, neg_zero, mul_zero] #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem cos_sin_inj {θ ψ : ℝ} (Hcos : cos θ = cos ψ) (Hsin : sin θ = sin ψ) : (θ : Angle) = ψ := by cases' cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg.mp Hcos with hc hc; · exact hc cases' sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi.mp Hsin with hs hs; · exact hs rw [eq_neg_iff_add_eq_zero, hs] at hc obtain ⟨n, hn⟩ : ∃ n, n • _ = _ := QuotientAddGroup.leftRel_apply.mp (Quotient.exact' hc) rw [← neg_one_mul, add_zero, ← sub_eq_zero, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, ← sub_mul, mul_eq_zero, eq_false (ne_of_gt pi_pos), or_false_iff, sub_neg_eq_add, ← Int.cast_zero, ← Int.cast_one, ← Int.cast_ofNat, ← Int.cast_mul, ← Int.cast_add, Int.cast_inj] at hn have : (n * 2 + 1) % (2 : ℤ) = 0 % (2 : ℤ) := congr_arg (· % (2 : ℤ)) hn rw [add_comm, Int.add_mul_emod_self] at this exact absurd this one_ne_zero #align real.angle.cos_sin_inj Real.Angle.cos_sin_inj def sin (θ : Angle) : ℝ := sin_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.sin Real.Angle.sin @[simp] theorem sin_coe (x : ℝ) : sin (x : Angle) = Real.sin x := rfl #align real.angle.sin_coe Real.Angle.sin_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_sin : Continuous sin := Real.continuous_sin.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_sin Real.Angle.continuous_sin def cos (θ : Angle) : ℝ := cos_periodic.lift θ #align real.angle.cos Real.Angle.cos @[simp] theorem cos_coe (x : ℝ) : cos (x : Angle) = Real.cos x := rfl #align real.angle.cos_coe Real.Angle.cos_coe @[continuity] theorem continuous_cos : Continuous cos := Real.continuous_cos.quotient_liftOn' _ #align real.angle.continuous_cos Real.Angle.continuous_cos theorem cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : cos θ = Real.cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg {θ ψ : Angle} : cos θ = cos ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ = -ψ := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact cos_eq_real_cos_iff_eq_or_eq_neg #align real.angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg Real.Angle.cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg theorem sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ : Angle} {ψ : ℝ} : sin θ = Real.sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_iff_coe_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi theorem sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} : sin θ = sin ψ ↔ θ = ψ ∨ θ + ψ = π := by induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact sin_eq_real_sin_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi #align real.angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi Real.Angle.sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi @[simp] theorem sin_zero : sin (0 : Angle) = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, sin_coe, Real.sin_zero] #align real.angle.sin_zero Real.Angle.sin_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem sin_coe_pi : sin (π : Angle) = 0 := by rw [sin_coe, Real.sin_pi] #align real.angle.sin_coe_pi Real.Angle.sin_coe_pi theorem sin_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ = 0 ↔ θ = 0 ∨ θ = π := by nth_rw 1 [← sin_zero] rw [sin_eq_iff_eq_or_add_eq_pi] simp #align real.angle.sin_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_ne_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : sin θ ≠ 0 ↔ θ ≠ 0 ∧ θ ≠ π := by rw [← not_or, ← sin_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.sin_ne_zero_iff Real.Angle.sin_ne_zero_iff @[simp] theorem sin_neg (θ : Angle) : sin (-θ) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_neg _ #align real.angle.sin_neg Real.Angle.sin_neg theorem sin_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic sin (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.sin_antiperiodic Real.Angle.sin_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem sin_add_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi Real.Angle.sin_add_pi @[simp] theorem sin_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - π) = -sin θ := sin_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi @[simp] theorem cos_zero : cos (0 : Angle) = 1 := by rw [← coe_zero, cos_coe, Real.cos_zero] #align real.angle.cos_zero Real.Angle.cos_zero -- Porting note (#10618): @[simp] can prove it theorem cos_coe_pi : cos (π : Angle) = -1 := by rw [cos_coe, Real.cos_pi] #align real.angle.cos_coe_pi Real.Angle.cos_coe_pi @[simp] theorem cos_neg (θ : Angle) : cos (-θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_neg _ #align real.angle.cos_neg Real.Angle.cos_neg theorem cos_antiperiodic : Function.Antiperiodic cos (π : Angle) := by intro θ induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_antiperiodic _ #align real.angle.cos_antiperiodic Real.Angle.cos_antiperiodic @[simp] theorem cos_add_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic θ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi Real.Angle.cos_add_pi @[simp] theorem cos_sub_pi (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - π) = -cos θ := cos_antiperiodic.sub_eq θ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi theorem cos_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : cos θ = 0 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← cos_pi_div_two, ← cos_coe, cos_eq_iff_eq_or_eq_neg, ← coe_neg, ← neg_div] #align real.angle.cos_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.cos_eq_zero_iff theorem sin_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : sin (θ₁ + θ₂) = sin θ₁ * cos θ₂ + cos θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add _ _ #align real.angle.sin_add Real.Angle.sin_add theorem cos_add (θ₁ θ₂ : Real.Angle) : cos (θ₁ + θ₂) = cos θ₁ * cos θ₂ - sin θ₁ * sin θ₂ := by induction θ₂ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction θ₁ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add _ _ #align real.angle.cos_add Real.Angle.cos_add @[simp] theorem cos_sq_add_sin_sq (θ : Real.Angle) : cos θ ^ 2 + sin θ ^ 2 = 1 := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sq_add_sin_sq _ #align real.angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq Real.Angle.cos_sq_add_sin_sq theorem sin_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_add_pi_div_two theorem sin_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : sin (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = -cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.sin_sub_pi_div_two theorem sin_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : sin (↑(π / 2) - θ) = cos θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.sin_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.sin_pi_div_two_sub theorem cos_add_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ + ↑(π / 2)) = -sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_add_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_add_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_add_pi_div_two theorem cos_sub_pi_div_two (θ : Angle) : cos (θ - ↑(π / 2)) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_sub_pi_div_two _ #align real.angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_sub_pi_div_two theorem cos_pi_div_two_sub (θ : Angle) : cos (↑(π / 2) - θ) = sin θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact Real.cos_pi_div_two_sub _ #align real.angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub Real.Angle.cos_pi_div_two_sub theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [sin_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |sin θ| = |sin ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_sin_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_sin_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ = (2 : ℕ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by rw [two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) · rfl · rw [cos_add_pi, abs_neg] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq theorem abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ = (2 : ℤ) • ψ) : |cos θ| = |cos ψ| := by simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_of_two_nsmul_eq h #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_of_two_zsmul_eq @[simp] theorem coe_toIcoMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIcoMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIcoDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIcoMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ico_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIcoMod @[simp] theorem coe_toIocMod (θ ψ : ℝ) : ↑(toIocMod two_pi_pos ψ θ) = (θ : Angle) := by rw [angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub] refine ⟨-toIocDiv two_pi_pos ψ θ, ?_⟩ rw [toIocMod_sub_self, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm] #align real.angle.coe_to_Ioc_mod Real.Angle.coe_toIocMod def toReal (θ : Angle) : ℝ := (toIocMod_periodic two_pi_pos (-π)).lift θ #align real.angle.to_real Real.Angle.toReal theorem toReal_coe (θ : ℝ) : (θ : Angle).toReal = toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ := rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe Real.Angle.toReal_coe theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ -π < θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by rw [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_self two_pi_pos] ring_nf rfl #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, ← Set.mem_Ioc] #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_iff_mem_Ioc theorem toReal_injective : Function.Injective toReal := by intro θ ψ h induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on induction ψ using Real.Angle.induction_on simpa [toReal_coe, toIocMod_eq_toIocMod, zsmul_eq_mul, mul_comm _ (2 * π), ← angle_eq_iff_two_pi_dvd_sub, eq_comm] using h #align real.angle.to_real_injective Real.Angle.toReal_injective @[simp] theorem toReal_inj {θ ψ : Angle} : θ.toReal = ψ.toReal ↔ θ = ψ := toReal_injective.eq_iff #align real.angle.to_real_inj Real.Angle.toReal_inj @[simp] theorem coe_toReal (θ : Angle) : (θ.toReal : Angle) = θ := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact coe_toIocMod _ _ #align real.angle.coe_to_real Real.Angle.coe_toReal theorem neg_pi_lt_toReal (θ : Angle) : -π < θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on exact left_lt_toIocMod _ _ _ #align real.angle.neg_pi_lt_to_real Real.Angle.neg_pi_lt_toReal theorem toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ≤ π := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on convert toIocMod_le_right two_pi_pos _ _ ring #align real.angle.to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.toReal_le_pi theorem abs_toReal_le_pi (θ : Angle) : |θ.toReal| ≤ π := abs_le.2 ⟨(neg_pi_lt_toReal _).le, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_le_pi Real.Angle.abs_toReal_le_pi theorem toReal_mem_Ioc (θ : Angle) : θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π) π := ⟨neg_pi_lt_toReal _, toReal_le_pi _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_mem_Ioc Real.Angle.toReal_mem_Ioc @[simp] theorem toIocMod_toReal (θ : Angle) : toIocMod two_pi_pos (-π) θ.toReal = θ.toReal := by induction θ using Real.Angle.induction_on rw [toReal_coe] exact toIocMod_toIocMod _ _ _ _ #align real.angle.to_Ioc_mod_to_real Real.Angle.toIocMod_toReal @[simp] theorem toReal_zero : (0 : Angle).toReal = 0 := by rw [← coe_zero, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos, Real.pi_pos.le⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_zero Real.Angle.toReal_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_zero_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = 0 ↔ θ = 0 := by nth_rw 1 [← toReal_zero] exact toReal_inj #align real.angle.to_real_eq_zero_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_pi : (π : Angle).toReal = π := by rw [toReal_coe_eq_self_iff] exact ⟨Left.neg_lt_self Real.pi_pos, le_refl _⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_pi Real.Angle.toReal_pi @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π ↔ θ = π := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_iff theorem pi_ne_zero : (π : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi, toReal_zero] exact Real.pi_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_ne_zero @[simp] theorem toReal_pi_div_two : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff @[simp] theorem toReal_neg_pi_div_two : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle).toReal = -π / 2 := toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 <| by constructor <;> linarith [pi_pos] #align real.angle.to_real_neg_pi_div_two Real.Angle.toReal_neg_pi_div_two @[simp] theorem toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : θ.toReal = -π / 2 ↔ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [← toReal_inj, toReal_neg_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.to_real_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff theorem pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero Real.pi_ne_zero two_ne_zero #align real.angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero : ((-π / 2 : ℝ) : Angle) ≠ 0 := by rw [← toReal_injective.ne_iff, toReal_neg_pi_div_two, toReal_zero] exact div_ne_zero (neg_ne_zero.2 Real.pi_ne_zero) two_ne_zero #align real.angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero Real.Angle.neg_pi_div_two_ne_zero theorem abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => (toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨(Left.neg_neg_iff.2 Real.pi_pos).trans_le h.1, h.2⟩).symm ▸ abs_eq_self.2 h.1⟩ #align real.angle.abs_to_real_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff {θ : ℝ} : |(-θ : Angle).toReal| = θ ↔ 0 ≤ θ ∧ θ ≤ π := by refine ⟨fun h => h ▸ ⟨abs_nonneg _, abs_toReal_le_pi _⟩, fun h => ?_⟩ by_cases hnegpi : θ = π; · simp [hnegpi, Real.pi_pos.le] rw [← coe_neg, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff.2 ⟨neg_lt_neg (lt_of_le_of_ne h.2 hnegpi), (neg_nonpos.2 h.1).trans Real.pi_pos.le⟩, abs_neg, abs_eq_self.2 h.1] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_neg_coe_eq_self_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_neg_coe_eq_self_iff theorem abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff {θ : Angle} : |θ.toReal| = π / 2 ↔ θ = (π / 2 : ℝ) ∨ θ = (-π / 2 : ℝ) := by rw [abs_eq (div_nonneg Real.pi_pos.le two_pos.le), ← neg_div, toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, toReal_eq_neg_pi_div_two_iff] #align real.angle.abs_to_real_eq_pi_div_two_iff Real.Angle.abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff theorem nsmul_toReal_eq_mul {n : ℕ} (h : n ≠ 0) {θ : Angle} : (n • θ).toReal = n * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / n) (π / n) := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] have h' : 0 < (n : ℝ) := mod_cast Nat.pos_of_ne_zero h rw [← coe_nsmul, nsmul_eq_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc, div_lt_iff' h', le_div_iff' h'] #align real.angle.nsmul_to_real_eq_mul Real.Angle.nsmul_toReal_eq_mul theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := mod_cast nsmul_toReal_eq_mul two_ne_zero #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal ↔ θ.toReal ∈ Set.Ioc (-π / 2) (π / 2) := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} {k : ℤ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * k * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc ((2 * k - 1 : ℝ) * π) ((2 * k + 1) * π) := by rw [← sub_zero (θ : Angle), ← zsmul_zero k, ← coe_two_pi, ← coe_zsmul, ← coe_sub, zsmul_eq_mul, ← mul_assoc, mul_comm (k : ℝ), toReal_coe_eq_self_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩, fun h => ⟨by linarith, by linarith⟩⟩ #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ - 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc π (3 * π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ 1 <;> norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff theorem toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff {θ : ℝ} : (θ : Angle).toReal = θ + 2 * π ↔ θ ∈ Set.Ioc (-3 * π) (-π) := by convert @toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_mul_int_mul_pi_iff θ (-1) using 2 <;> set_option tactic.skipAssignedInstances false in norm_num #align real.angle.to_real_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff Real.Angle.toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_sub_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] exact ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨(div_lt_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h, by linarith [pi_pos, toReal_le_pi θ]⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal - 2 * π ↔ π / 2 < θ.toReal := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_sub_two_pi theorem two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℕ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [← coe_nsmul, two_nsmul, ← two_mul, toReal_coe_eq_self_add_two_pi_iff, Set.mem_Ioc] refine ⟨fun h => by linarith, fun h => ⟨by linarith [pi_pos, neg_pi_lt_toReal θ], (le_div_iff' (zero_lt_two' ℝ)).1 h⟩⟩ #align real.angle.two_nsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi theorem two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi {θ : Angle} : ((2 : ℤ) • θ).toReal = 2 * θ.toReal + 2 * π ↔ θ.toReal ≤ -π / 2 := by rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul, two_nsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi] #align real.angle.two_zsmul_to_real_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi Real.Angle.two_zsmul_toReal_eq_two_mul_add_two_pi @[simp] theorem sin_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.sin θ.toReal = sin θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, sin_coe] #align real.angle.sin_to_real Real.Angle.sin_toReal @[simp] theorem cos_toReal (θ : Angle) : Real.cos θ.toReal = cos θ := by conv_rhs => rw [← coe_toReal θ, cos_coe] #align real.angle.cos_to_real Real.Angle.cos_toReal theorem cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 ≤ cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| ≤ π / 2 := by nth_rw 1 [← coe_toReal θ] rw [abs_le, cos_coe] refine ⟨fun h => ?_, cos_nonneg_of_mem_Icc⟩ by_contra hn rw [not_and_or, not_le, not_le] at hn refine (not_lt.2 h) ?_ rcases hn with (hn | hn) · rw [← Real.cos_neg] refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt (by linarith) ?_ linarith [neg_pi_lt_toReal θ] · refine cos_neg_of_pi_div_two_lt_of_lt hn ?_ linarith [toReal_le_pi θ] #align real.angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_to_real_le_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two theorem cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two {θ : Angle} : 0 < cos θ ↔ |θ.toReal| < π / 2 := by rw [lt_iff_le_and_ne, lt_iff_le_and_ne, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two, ← and_congr_right] rintro - rw [Ne, Ne, not_iff_not, @eq_comm ℝ 0, abs_toReal_eq_pi_div_two_iff, cos_eq_zero_iff] #align real.angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_to_real_lt_pi_div_two Real.Angle.cos_pos_iff_abs_toReal_lt_pi_div_two theorem cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal {θ : Angle} : cos θ < 0 ↔ π / 2 < |θ.toReal| := by rw [← not_le, ← not_le, not_iff_not, cos_nonneg_iff_abs_toReal_le_pi_div_two] #align real.angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_to_real Real.Angle.cos_neg_iff_pi_div_two_lt_abs_toReal theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℕ) • θ + (2 : ℕ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by rw [← eq_sub_iff_add_eq, ← two_nsmul_coe_div_two, ← nsmul_sub, two_nsmul_eq_iff] at h rcases h with (rfl | rfl) <;> simp [cos_pi_div_two_sub] #align real.angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi Real.Angle.abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Trigonometric/Angle.lean
769
772
theorem abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_zsmul_add_two_zsmul_eq_pi {θ ψ : Angle} (h : (2 : ℤ) • θ + (2 : ℤ) • ψ = π) : |cos θ| = |sin ψ| := by
simp_rw [two_zsmul, ← two_nsmul] at h exact abs_cos_eq_abs_sin_of_two_nsmul_add_two_nsmul_eq_pi h
import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.CompactConvergence import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Equicontinuity import Mathlib.Topology.UniformSpace.Equiv open Set Filter Uniformity Topology Function UniformConvergence variable {ι X Y α β : Type*} [TopologicalSpace X] [UniformSpace α] [UniformSpace β] variable {F : ι → X → α} {G : ι → β → α} theorem Equicontinuous.comap_uniformFun_eq [CompactSpace X] (F_eqcont : Equicontinuous F) : (UniformFun.uniformSpace X α).comap F = (Pi.uniformSpace _).comap F := by -- The `≤` inequality is trivial refine le_antisymm (UniformSpace.comap_mono UniformFun.uniformContinuous_toFun) ?_ -- A bit of rewriting to get a nice intermediate statement. change comap _ _ ≤ comap _ _ simp_rw [Pi.uniformity, Filter.comap_iInf, comap_comap, Function.comp] refine ((UniformFun.hasBasis_uniformity X α).comap (Prod.map F F)).ge_iff.mpr ?_ -- Core of the proof: we need to show that, for any entourage `U` in `α`, -- the set `𝐓(U) := {(i,j) : ι × ι | ∀ x : X, (F i x, F j x) ∈ U}` belongs to the filter -- `⨅ x, comap ((i,j) ↦ (F i x, F j x)) (𝓤 α)`. -- In other words, we have to show that it contains a finite intersection of -- sets of the form `𝐒(V, x) := {(i,j) : ι × ι | (F i x, F j x) ∈ V}` for some -- `x : X` and `V ∈ 𝓤 α`. intro U hU -- We will do an `ε/3` argument, so we start by choosing a symmetric entourage `V ∈ 𝓤 α` -- such that `V ○ V ○ V ⊆ U`. rcases comp_comp_symm_mem_uniformity_sets hU with ⟨V, hV, Vsymm, hVU⟩ -- Set `Ω x := {y | ∀ i, (F i x, F i y) ∈ V}`. The equicontinuity of `F` guarantees that -- each `Ω x` is a neighborhood of `x`. let Ω x : Set X := {y | ∀ i, (F i x, F i y) ∈ V} -- Hence, by compactness of `X`, we can find some `A ⊆ X` finite such that the `Ω a`s for `a ∈ A` -- still cover `X`. rcases CompactSpace.elim_nhds_subcover Ω (fun x ↦ F_eqcont x V hV) with ⟨A, Acover⟩ -- We now claim that `⋂ a ∈ A, 𝐒(V, a) ⊆ 𝐓(U)`. have : (⋂ a ∈ A, {ij : ι × ι | (F ij.1 a, F ij.2 a) ∈ V}) ⊆ (Prod.map F F) ⁻¹' UniformFun.gen X α U := by -- Given `(i, j) ∈ ⋂ a ∈ A, 𝐒(V, a)` and `x : X`, we have to prove that `(F i x, F j x) ∈ U`. rintro ⟨i, j⟩ hij x rw [mem_iInter₂] at hij -- We know that `x ∈ Ω a` for some `a ∈ A`, so that both `(F i x, F i a)` and `(F j a, F j x)` -- are in `V`. rcases mem_iUnion₂.mp (Acover.symm.subset <| mem_univ x) with ⟨a, ha, hax⟩ -- Since `(i, j) ∈ 𝐒(V, a)` we also have `(F i a, F j a) ∈ V`, and finally we get -- `(F i x, F j x) ∈ V ○ V ○ V ⊆ U`. exact hVU (prod_mk_mem_compRel (prod_mk_mem_compRel (Vsymm.mk_mem_comm.mp (hax i)) (hij a ha)) (hax j)) -- This completes the proof. exact mem_of_superset (A.iInter_mem_sets.mpr fun x _ ↦ mem_iInf_of_mem x <| preimage_mem_comap hV) this lemma Equicontinuous.uniformInducing_uniformFun_iff_pi [UniformSpace ι] [CompactSpace X] (F_eqcont : Equicontinuous F) : UniformInducing (UniformFun.ofFun ∘ F) ↔ UniformInducing F := by rw [uniformInducing_iff_uniformSpace, uniformInducing_iff_uniformSpace, ← F_eqcont.comap_uniformFun_eq] rfl lemma Equicontinuous.inducing_uniformFun_iff_pi [TopologicalSpace ι] [CompactSpace X] (F_eqcont : Equicontinuous F) : Inducing (UniformFun.ofFun ∘ F) ↔ Inducing F := by rw [inducing_iff, inducing_iff] change (_ = (UniformFun.uniformSpace X α |>.comap F |>.toTopologicalSpace)) ↔ (_ = (Pi.uniformSpace _ |>.comap F |>.toTopologicalSpace)) rw [F_eqcont.comap_uniformFun_eq] theorem Equicontinuous.tendsto_uniformFun_iff_pi [CompactSpace X] (F_eqcont : Equicontinuous F) (ℱ : Filter ι) (f : X → α) : Tendsto (UniformFun.ofFun ∘ F) ℱ (𝓝 <| UniformFun.ofFun f) ↔ Tendsto F ℱ (𝓝 f) := by -- Assume `ℱ` is non trivial. rcases ℱ.eq_or_neBot with rfl | ℱ_ne · simp constructor <;> intro H -- The forward direction is always true, the interesting part is the converse. · exact UniformFun.uniformContinuous_toFun.continuous.tendsto _|>.comp H -- To prove it, assume that `F` tends to `f` *pointwise* along `ℱ`. · set S : Set (X → α) := closure (range F) set 𝒢 : Filter S := comap (↑) (map F ℱ) -- We would like to use `Equicontinuous.comap_uniformFun_eq`, but applying it to `F` is not -- enough since `f` has no reason to be in the range of `F`. -- Instead, we will apply it to the inclusion `(↑) : S → (X → α)` where `S` is the closure of -- the range of `F` *for the product topology*. -- We know that `S` is still equicontinuous... have hS : S.Equicontinuous := closure' (by rwa [equicontinuous_iff_range] at F_eqcont) continuous_id -- ... hence, as announced, the product topology and uniform convergence topology -- coincide on `S`. have ind : Inducing (UniformFun.ofFun ∘ (↑) : S → X →ᵤ α) := hS.inducing_uniformFun_iff_pi.mpr ⟨rfl⟩ -- By construction, `f` is in `S`. have f_mem : f ∈ S := mem_closure_of_tendsto H range_mem_map -- To conclude, we just have to translate our hypothesis and goal as statements about -- `S`, on which we know the two topologies at play coincide. -- For this, we define a filter on `S` by `𝒢 := comap (↑) (map F ℱ)`, and note that -- it satisfies `map (↑) 𝒢 = map F ℱ`. Thus, both our hypothesis and our goal -- can be rewritten as `𝒢 ≤ 𝓝 f`, where the neighborhood filter in the RHS corresponds -- to one of the two topologies at play on `S`. Since they coincide, we are done. have h𝒢ℱ : map (↑) 𝒢 = map F ℱ := Filter.map_comap_of_mem (Subtype.range_coe ▸ mem_of_superset range_mem_map subset_closure) have H' : Tendsto id 𝒢 (𝓝 ⟨f, f_mem⟩) := by rwa [tendsto_id', nhds_induced, ← map_le_iff_le_comap, h𝒢ℱ] rwa [ind.tendsto_nhds_iff, comp_id, ← tendsto_map'_iff, h𝒢ℱ] at H' theorem EquicontinuousOn.comap_uniformOnFun_eq {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) : (UniformOnFun.uniformSpace X α 𝔖).comap F = (Pi.uniformSpace _).comap ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) := by -- Recall that the uniform structure on `X →ᵤ[𝔖] α` is the one induced by all the maps -- `K.restrict : (X →ᵤ[𝔖] α) → (K →ᵤ α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖`. Its pullback along `F`, which is -- the LHS of our goal, is thus the uniform structure induced by the maps -- `K.restrict ∘ F : ι → (K →ᵤ α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖`. have H1 : (UniformOnFun.uniformSpace X α 𝔖).comap F = ⨅ (K ∈ 𝔖), (UniformFun.uniformSpace _ _).comap (K.restrict ∘ F) := by simp_rw [UniformOnFun.uniformSpace, UniformSpace.comap_iInf, ← UniformSpace.comap_comap, UniformFun.ofFun, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, UniformOnFun.toFun, UniformOnFun.ofFun, Function.comp, UniformFun, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk] -- Now, note that a similar fact is true for the uniform structure on `X → α` induced by -- the map `(⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict : (X → α) → ((⋃₀ 𝔖) → α)`: it is equal to the one induced by -- all maps `K.restrict : (X → α) → (K → α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖`, which means that the RHS of our -- goal is the uniform structure induced by the maps `K.restrict ∘ F : ι → (K → α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖`. have H2 : (Pi.uniformSpace _).comap ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) = ⨅ (K ∈ 𝔖), (Pi.uniformSpace _).comap (K.restrict ∘ F) := by simp_rw [UniformSpace.comap_comap, Pi.uniformSpace_comap_restrict_sUnion (fun _ ↦ α) 𝔖, UniformSpace.comap_iInf] -- But, for `K ∈ 𝔖` fixed, we know that the uniform structures of `K →ᵤ α` and `K → α` -- induce, via the equicontinuous family `K.restrict ∘ F`, the same uniform structure on `ι`. have H3 : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, (UniformFun.uniformSpace K α).comap (K.restrict ∘ F) = (Pi.uniformSpace _).comap (K.restrict ∘ F) := fun K hK ↦ by have : CompactSpace K := isCompact_iff_compactSpace.mp (𝔖_compact K hK) exact (equicontinuous_restrict_iff _ |>.mpr <| F_eqcont K hK).comap_uniformFun_eq -- Combining these three facts completes the proof. simp_rw [H1, H2, iInf_congr fun K ↦ iInf_congr fun hK ↦ H3 K hK] lemma EquicontinuousOn.uniformInducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' [UniformSpace ι] {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) : UniformInducing (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ↔ UniformInducing ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) := by rw [uniformInducing_iff_uniformSpace, uniformInducing_iff_uniformSpace, ← EquicontinuousOn.comap_uniformOnFun_eq 𝔖_compact F_eqcont] rfl lemma EquicontinuousOn.uniformInducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi [UniformSpace ι] {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_covers : ⋃₀ 𝔖 = univ) (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) : UniformInducing (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ↔ UniformInducing F := by rw [eq_univ_iff_forall] at 𝔖_covers -- This obviously follows from the previous lemma, we formalize it by going through the -- isomorphism of uniform spaces between `(⋃₀ 𝔖) → α` and `X → α`. let φ : ((⋃₀ 𝔖) → α) ≃ᵤ (X → α) := UniformEquiv.piCongrLeft (β := fun _ ↦ α) (Equiv.subtypeUnivEquiv 𝔖_covers) rw [EquicontinuousOn.uniformInducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' 𝔖_compact F_eqcont, show restrict (⋃₀ 𝔖) ∘ F = φ.symm ∘ F by rfl] exact ⟨fun H ↦ φ.uniformInducing.comp H, fun H ↦ φ.symm.uniformInducing.comp H⟩ lemma EquicontinuousOn.inducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' [TopologicalSpace ι] {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) : Inducing (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ↔ Inducing ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) := by rw [inducing_iff, inducing_iff] change (_ = ((UniformOnFun.uniformSpace X α 𝔖).comap F).toTopologicalSpace) ↔ (_ = ((Pi.uniformSpace _).comap ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F)).toTopologicalSpace) rw [← EquicontinuousOn.comap_uniformOnFun_eq 𝔖_compact F_eqcont] lemma EquicontinuousOn.inducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi [TopologicalSpace ι] {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_covers : ⋃₀ 𝔖 = univ) (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) : Inducing (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ↔ Inducing F := by rw [eq_univ_iff_forall] at 𝔖_covers -- This obviously follows from the previous lemma, we formalize it by going through the -- homeomorphism between `(⋃₀ 𝔖) → α` and `X → α`. let φ : ((⋃₀ 𝔖) → α) ≃ₜ (X → α) := Homeomorph.piCongrLeft (Y := fun _ ↦ α) (Equiv.subtypeUnivEquiv 𝔖_covers) rw [EquicontinuousOn.inducing_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' 𝔖_compact F_eqcont, show restrict (⋃₀ 𝔖) ∘ F = φ.symm ∘ F by rfl] exact ⟨fun H ↦ φ.inducing.comp H, fun H ↦ φ.symm.inducing.comp H⟩ -- TODO: find a way to factor common elements of this proof and the proof of -- `EquicontinuousOn.comap_uniformOnFun_eq` theorem EquicontinuousOn.tendsto_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) (ℱ : Filter ι) (f : X → α) : Tendsto (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ℱ (𝓝 <| UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 f) ↔ Tendsto ((⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) ℱ (𝓝 <| (⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict f) := by -- Recall that the uniform structure on `X →ᵤ[𝔖] α` is the one induced by all the maps -- `K.restrict : (X →ᵤ[𝔖] α) → (K →ᵤ α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖`. -- Similarly, the uniform structure on `X → α` induced by the map -- `(⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict : (X → α) → ((⋃₀ 𝔖) → α)` is equal to the one induced by -- all maps `K.restrict : (X → α) → (K → α)` for `K ∈ 𝔖` -- Thus, we just have to compare the two sides of our goal when restricted to some -- `K ∈ 𝔖`, where we can apply `Equicontinuous.tendsto_uniformFun_iff_pi`. rw [← Filter.tendsto_comap_iff (g := (⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict), ← nhds_induced] simp_rw [UniformOnFun.topologicalSpace_eq, Pi.induced_restrict_sUnion 𝔖 (π := fun _ ↦ α), _root_.nhds_iInf, nhds_induced, tendsto_iInf, tendsto_comap_iff] congrm ∀ K (hK : K ∈ 𝔖), ?_ have : CompactSpace K := isCompact_iff_compactSpace.mp (𝔖_compact K hK) rw [← (equicontinuous_restrict_iff _ |>.mpr <| F_eqcont K hK).tendsto_uniformFun_iff_pi] rfl theorem EquicontinuousOn.tendsto_uniformOnFun_iff_pi {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (𝔖_covers : ⋃₀ 𝔖 = univ) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) (ℱ : Filter ι) (f : X → α) : Tendsto (UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F) ℱ (𝓝 <| UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 f) ↔ Tendsto F ℱ (𝓝 f) := by rw [eq_univ_iff_forall] at 𝔖_covers let φ : ((⋃₀ 𝔖) → α) ≃ₜ (X → α) := Homeomorph.piCongrLeft (Y := fun _ ↦ α) (Equiv.subtypeUnivEquiv 𝔖_covers) rw [EquicontinuousOn.tendsto_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' 𝔖_compact F_eqcont, show restrict (⋃₀ 𝔖) ∘ F = φ.symm ∘ F by rfl, show restrict (⋃₀ 𝔖) f = φ.symm f by rfl, φ.symm.inducing.tendsto_nhds_iff]
Mathlib/Topology/UniformSpace/Ascoli.lean
369
382
theorem EquicontinuousOn.isClosed_range_pi_of_uniformOnFun' {𝔖 : Set (Set X)} (𝔖_compact : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, IsCompact K) (F_eqcont : ∀ K ∈ 𝔖, EquicontinuousOn F K) (H : IsClosed (range <| UniformOnFun.ofFun 𝔖 ∘ F)) : IsClosed (range <| (⋃₀ 𝔖).restrict ∘ F) := by
-- Do we have no equivalent of `nontriviality`? rcases isEmpty_or_nonempty α with _ | _ · simp [isClosed_discrete] -- This follows from the previous lemmas and the characterization of the closure using filters. simp_rw [isClosed_iff_clusterPt, ← Filter.map_top, ← mapClusterPt_def, mapClusterPt_iff_ultrafilter, range_comp, Subtype.coe_injective.surjective_comp_right.forall, ← restrict_eq, ← EquicontinuousOn.tendsto_uniformOnFun_iff_pi' 𝔖_compact F_eqcont] exact fun f ⟨u, _, hu⟩ ↦ mem_image_of_mem _ <| H.mem_of_tendsto hu <| eventually_of_forall mem_range_self
import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.Deriv.Slope import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.FiniteDimension import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Constructions.BorelSpace.ContinuousLinearMap import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Function.StronglyMeasurable.Basic #align_import analysis.calculus.fderiv_measurable from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"3bce8d800a6f2b8f63fe1e588fd76a9ff4adcebe" set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false -- A B D noncomputable section open Set Metric Asymptotics Filter ContinuousLinearMap MeasureTheory TopologicalSpace open scoped Topology section fderiv variable {𝕜 : Type*} [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] variable {E : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup E] [NormedSpace 𝕜 E] variable {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace 𝕜 F] variable {f : E → F} (K : Set (E →L[𝕜] F)) section RightDeriv variable {F : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup F] [NormedSpace ℝ F] variable {f : ℝ → F} (K : Set F) namespace RightDerivMeasurableAux def A (f : ℝ → F) (L : F) (r ε : ℝ) : Set ℝ := { x | ∃ r' ∈ Ioc (r / 2) r, ∀ᵉ (y ∈ Icc x (x + r')) (z ∈ Icc x (x + r')), ‖f z - f y - (z - y) • L‖ ≤ ε * r } #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.A RightDerivMeasurableAux.A def B (f : ℝ → F) (K : Set F) (r s ε : ℝ) : Set ℝ := ⋃ L ∈ K, A f L r ε ∩ A f L s ε #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.B RightDerivMeasurableAux.B def D (f : ℝ → F) (K : Set F) : Set ℝ := ⋂ e : ℕ, ⋃ n : ℕ, ⋂ (p ≥ n) (q ≥ n), B f K ((1 / 2) ^ p) ((1 / 2) ^ q) ((1 / 2) ^ e) #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.D RightDerivMeasurableAux.D theorem A_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi {L : F} {r ε x : ℝ} (hx : x ∈ A f L r ε) : A f L r ε ∈ 𝓝[>] x := by rcases hx with ⟨r', rr', hr'⟩ rw [mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi_iff_exists_Ioo_subset] obtain ⟨s, s_gt, s_lt⟩ : ∃ s : ℝ, r / 2 < s ∧ s < r' := exists_between rr'.1 have : s ∈ Ioc (r / 2) r := ⟨s_gt, le_of_lt (s_lt.trans_le rr'.2)⟩ refine ⟨x + r' - s, by simp only [mem_Ioi]; linarith, fun x' hx' => ⟨s, this, ?_⟩⟩ have A : Icc x' (x' + s) ⊆ Icc x (x + r') := by apply Icc_subset_Icc hx'.1.le linarith [hx'.2] intro y hy z hz exact hr' y (A hy) z (A hz) #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.A_mem_nhds_within_Ioi RightDerivMeasurableAux.A_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi theorem B_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi {K : Set F} {r s ε x : ℝ} (hx : x ∈ B f K r s ε) : B f K r s ε ∈ 𝓝[>] x := by obtain ⟨L, LK, hL₁, hL₂⟩ : ∃ L : F, L ∈ K ∧ x ∈ A f L r ε ∧ x ∈ A f L s ε := by simpa only [B, mem_iUnion, mem_inter_iff, exists_prop] using hx filter_upwards [A_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi hL₁, A_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi hL₂] with y hy₁ hy₂ simp only [B, mem_iUnion, mem_inter_iff, exists_prop] exact ⟨L, LK, hy₁, hy₂⟩ #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.B_mem_nhds_within_Ioi RightDerivMeasurableAux.B_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi theorem measurableSet_B {K : Set F} {r s ε : ℝ} : MeasurableSet (B f K r s ε) := measurableSet_of_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi fun _ hx => B_mem_nhdsWithin_Ioi hx #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.measurable_set_B RightDerivMeasurableAux.measurableSet_B theorem A_mono (L : F) (r : ℝ) {ε δ : ℝ} (h : ε ≤ δ) : A f L r ε ⊆ A f L r δ := by rintro x ⟨r', r'r, hr'⟩ refine ⟨r', r'r, fun y hy z hz => (hr' y hy z hz).trans (mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right h ?_)⟩ linarith [hy.1, hy.2, r'r.2] #align right_deriv_measurable_aux.A_mono RightDerivMeasurableAux.A_mono
Mathlib/Analysis/Calculus/FDeriv/Measurable.lean
505
510
theorem le_of_mem_A {r ε : ℝ} {L : F} {x : ℝ} (hx : x ∈ A f L r ε) {y z : ℝ} (hy : y ∈ Icc x (x + r / 2)) (hz : z ∈ Icc x (x + r / 2)) : ‖f z - f y - (z - y) • L‖ ≤ ε * r := by
rcases hx with ⟨r', r'mem, hr'⟩ have A : x + r / 2 ≤ x + r' := by linarith [r'mem.1] exact hr' _ ((Icc_subset_Icc le_rfl A) hy) _ ((Icc_subset_Icc le_rfl A) hz)
import Mathlib.Algebra.MvPolynomial.PDeriv import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.AlgebraMap import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.Derivative import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Choose.Sum import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.LinearIndependent import Mathlib.RingTheory.Polynomial.Pochhammer #align_import ring_theory.polynomial.bernstein from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"bbeb185db4ccee8ed07dc48449414ebfa39cb821" noncomputable section open Nat (choose) open Polynomial (X) open scoped Polynomial variable (R : Type*) [CommRing R] def bernsteinPolynomial (n ν : ℕ) : R[X] := (choose n ν : R[X]) * X ^ ν * (1 - X) ^ (n - ν) #align bernstein_polynomial bernsteinPolynomial example : bernsteinPolynomial ℤ 3 2 = 3 * X ^ 2 - 3 * X ^ 3 := by norm_num [bernsteinPolynomial, choose] ring namespace bernsteinPolynomial theorem eq_zero_of_lt {n ν : ℕ} (h : n < ν) : bernsteinPolynomial R n ν = 0 := by simp [bernsteinPolynomial, Nat.choose_eq_zero_of_lt h] #align bernstein_polynomial.eq_zero_of_lt bernsteinPolynomial.eq_zero_of_lt section variable {R} {S : Type*} [CommRing S] @[simp] theorem map (f : R →+* S) (n ν : ℕ) : (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν).map f = bernsteinPolynomial S n ν := by simp [bernsteinPolynomial] #align bernstein_polynomial.map bernsteinPolynomial.map end theorem flip (n ν : ℕ) (h : ν ≤ n) : (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν).comp (1 - X) = bernsteinPolynomial R n (n - ν) := by simp [bernsteinPolynomial, h, tsub_tsub_assoc, mul_right_comm] #align bernstein_polynomial.flip bernsteinPolynomial.flip theorem flip' (n ν : ℕ) (h : ν ≤ n) : bernsteinPolynomial R n ν = (bernsteinPolynomial R n (n - ν)).comp (1 - X) := by simp [← flip _ _ _ h, Polynomial.comp_assoc] #align bernstein_polynomial.flip' bernsteinPolynomial.flip' theorem eval_at_0 (n ν : ℕ) : (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν).eval 0 = if ν = 0 then 1 else 0 := by rw [bernsteinPolynomial] split_ifs with h · subst h; simp · simp [zero_pow h] #align bernstein_polynomial.eval_at_0 bernsteinPolynomial.eval_at_0 theorem eval_at_1 (n ν : ℕ) : (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν).eval 1 = if ν = n then 1 else 0 := by rw [bernsteinPolynomial] split_ifs with h · subst h; simp · obtain hνn | hnν := Ne.lt_or_lt h · simp [zero_pow $ Nat.sub_ne_zero_of_lt hνn] · simp [Nat.choose_eq_zero_of_lt hnν] #align bernstein_polynomial.eval_at_1 bernsteinPolynomial.eval_at_1 theorem derivative_succ_aux (n ν : ℕ) : Polynomial.derivative (bernsteinPolynomial R (n + 1) (ν + 1)) = (n + 1) * (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν - bernsteinPolynomial R n (ν + 1)) := by rw [bernsteinPolynomial] suffices ((n + 1).choose (ν + 1) : R[X]) * ((↑(ν + 1 : ℕ) : R[X]) * X ^ ν) * (1 - X) ^ (n - ν) - ((n + 1).choose (ν + 1) : R[X]) * X ^ (ν + 1) * ((↑(n - ν) : R[X]) * (1 - X) ^ (n - ν - 1)) = (↑(n + 1) : R[X]) * ((n.choose ν : R[X]) * X ^ ν * (1 - X) ^ (n - ν) - (n.choose (ν + 1) : R[X]) * X ^ (ν + 1) * (1 - X) ^ (n - (ν + 1))) by simpa [Polynomial.derivative_pow, ← sub_eq_add_neg, Nat.succ_sub_succ_eq_sub, Polynomial.derivative_mul, Polynomial.derivative_natCast, zero_mul, Nat.cast_add, algebraMap.coe_one, Polynomial.derivative_X, mul_one, zero_add, Polynomial.derivative_sub, Polynomial.derivative_one, zero_sub, mul_neg, Nat.sub_zero, bernsteinPolynomial, map_add, map_natCast, Nat.cast_one] conv_rhs => rw [mul_sub] -- We'll prove the two terms match up separately. refine congr (congr_arg Sub.sub ?_) ?_ · simp only [← mul_assoc] apply congr (congr_arg (· * ·) (congr (congr_arg (· * ·) _) rfl)) rfl -- Now it's just about binomial coefficients exact mod_cast congr_arg (fun m : ℕ => (m : R[X])) (Nat.succ_mul_choose_eq n ν).symm · rw [← tsub_add_eq_tsub_tsub, ← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]; congr 1 rw [mul_comm, ← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]; congr 1 norm_cast congr 1 convert (Nat.choose_mul_succ_eq n (ν + 1)).symm using 1 · -- Porting note: was -- convert mul_comm _ _ using 2 -- simp rw [mul_comm, Nat.succ_sub_succ_eq_sub] · apply mul_comm #align bernstein_polynomial.derivative_succ_aux bernsteinPolynomial.derivative_succ_aux theorem derivative_succ (n ν : ℕ) : Polynomial.derivative (bernsteinPolynomial R n (ν + 1)) = n * (bernsteinPolynomial R (n - 1) ν - bernsteinPolynomial R (n - 1) (ν + 1)) := by cases n · simp [bernsteinPolynomial] · rw [Nat.cast_succ]; apply derivative_succ_aux #align bernstein_polynomial.derivative_succ bernsteinPolynomial.derivative_succ theorem derivative_zero (n : ℕ) : Polynomial.derivative (bernsteinPolynomial R n 0) = -n * bernsteinPolynomial R (n - 1) 0 := by simp [bernsteinPolynomial, Polynomial.derivative_pow] #align bernstein_polynomial.derivative_zero bernsteinPolynomial.derivative_zero theorem iterate_derivative_at_0_eq_zero_of_lt (n : ℕ) {ν k : ℕ} : k < ν → (Polynomial.derivative^[k] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 0 = 0 := by cases' ν with ν · rintro ⟨⟩ · rw [Nat.lt_succ_iff] induction' k with k ih generalizing n ν · simp [eval_at_0] · simp only [derivative_succ, Int.natCast_eq_zero, mul_eq_zero, Function.comp_apply, Function.iterate_succ, Polynomial.iterate_derivative_sub, Polynomial.iterate_derivative_natCast_mul, Polynomial.eval_mul, Polynomial.eval_natCast, Polynomial.eval_sub] intro h apply mul_eq_zero_of_right rw [ih _ _ (Nat.le_of_succ_le h), sub_zero] convert ih _ _ (Nat.pred_le_pred h) exact (Nat.succ_pred_eq_of_pos (k.succ_pos.trans_le h)).symm #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0_eq_zero_of_lt bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0_eq_zero_of_lt @[simp] theorem iterate_derivative_succ_at_0_eq_zero (n ν : ℕ) : (Polynomial.derivative^[ν] (bernsteinPolynomial R n (ν + 1))).eval 0 = 0 := iterate_derivative_at_0_eq_zero_of_lt R n (lt_add_one ν) #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_succ_at_0_eq_zero bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_succ_at_0_eq_zero open Polynomial @[simp] theorem iterate_derivative_at_0 (n ν : ℕ) : (Polynomial.derivative^[ν] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 0 = (ascPochhammer R ν).eval ((n - (ν - 1) : ℕ) : R) := by by_cases h : ν ≤ n · induction' ν with ν ih generalizing n · simp [eval_at_0] · have h' : ν ≤ n - 1 := le_tsub_of_add_le_right h simp only [derivative_succ, ih (n - 1) h', iterate_derivative_succ_at_0_eq_zero, Nat.succ_sub_succ_eq_sub, tsub_zero, sub_zero, iterate_derivative_sub, iterate_derivative_natCast_mul, eval_one, eval_mul, eval_add, eval_sub, eval_X, eval_comp, eval_natCast, Function.comp_apply, Function.iterate_succ, ascPochhammer_succ_left] obtain rfl | h'' := ν.eq_zero_or_pos · simp · have : n - 1 - (ν - 1) = n - ν := by rw [gt_iff_lt, ← Nat.succ_le_iff] at h'' rw [← tsub_add_eq_tsub_tsub, add_comm, tsub_add_cancel_of_le h''] rw [this, ascPochhammer_eval_succ] rw_mod_cast [tsub_add_cancel_of_le (h'.trans n.pred_le)] · simp only [not_le] at h rw [tsub_eq_zero_iff_le.mpr (Nat.le_sub_one_of_lt h), eq_zero_of_lt R h] simp [pos_iff_ne_zero.mp (pos_of_gt h)] #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0 bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0 theorem iterate_derivative_at_0_ne_zero [CharZero R] (n ν : ℕ) (h : ν ≤ n) : (Polynomial.derivative^[ν] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 0 ≠ 0 := by simp only [Int.natCast_eq_zero, bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0, Ne, Nat.cast_eq_zero] simp only [← ascPochhammer_eval_cast] norm_cast apply ne_of_gt obtain rfl | h' := Nat.eq_zero_or_pos ν · simp · rw [← Nat.succ_pred_eq_of_pos h'] at h exact ascPochhammer_pos _ _ (tsub_pos_of_lt (Nat.lt_of_succ_le h)) #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0_ne_zero bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_0_ne_zero theorem iterate_derivative_at_1_eq_zero_of_lt (n : ℕ) {ν k : ℕ} : k < n - ν → (Polynomial.derivative^[k] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 1 = 0 := by intro w rw [flip' _ _ _ (tsub_pos_iff_lt.mp (pos_of_gt w)).le] simp [Polynomial.eval_comp, iterate_derivative_at_0_eq_zero_of_lt R n w] #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1_eq_zero_of_lt bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1_eq_zero_of_lt @[simp] theorem iterate_derivative_at_1 (n ν : ℕ) (h : ν ≤ n) : (Polynomial.derivative^[n - ν] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 1 = (-1) ^ (n - ν) * (ascPochhammer R (n - ν)).eval (ν + 1 : R) := by rw [flip' _ _ _ h] simp [Polynomial.eval_comp, h] obtain rfl | h' := h.eq_or_lt · simp · norm_cast congr omega #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1 bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1 theorem iterate_derivative_at_1_ne_zero [CharZero R] (n ν : ℕ) (h : ν ≤ n) : (Polynomial.derivative^[n - ν] (bernsteinPolynomial R n ν)).eval 1 ≠ 0 := by rw [bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1 _ _ _ h, Ne, neg_one_pow_mul_eq_zero_iff, ← Nat.cast_succ, ← ascPochhammer_eval_cast, ← Nat.cast_zero, Nat.cast_inj] exact (ascPochhammer_pos _ _ (Nat.succ_pos ν)).ne' #align bernstein_polynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1_ne_zero bernsteinPolynomial.iterate_derivative_at_1_ne_zero open Submodule theorem linearIndependent_aux (n k : ℕ) (h : k ≤ n + 1) : LinearIndependent ℚ fun ν : Fin k => bernsteinPolynomial ℚ n ν := by induction' k with k ih · apply linearIndependent_empty_type · apply linearIndependent_fin_succ'.mpr fconstructor · exact ih (le_of_lt h) · -- The actual work! -- We show that the (n-k)-th derivative at 1 doesn't vanish, -- but vanishes for everything in the span. clear ih simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, add_le_add_iff_right] at h simp only [Fin.val_last, Fin.init_def] dsimp apply not_mem_span_of_apply_not_mem_span_image (@Polynomial.derivative ℚ _ ^ (n - k)) -- Note: #8386 had to change `span_image` into `span_image _` simp only [not_exists, not_and, Submodule.mem_map, Submodule.span_image _] intro p m apply_fun Polynomial.eval (1 : ℚ) simp only [LinearMap.pow_apply] -- The right hand side is nonzero, -- so it will suffice to show the left hand side is always zero. suffices (Polynomial.derivative^[n - k] p).eval 1 = 0 by rw [this] exact (iterate_derivative_at_1_ne_zero ℚ n k h).symm refine span_induction m ?_ ?_ ?_ ?_ · simp rintro ⟨a, w⟩; simp only [Fin.val_mk] rw [iterate_derivative_at_1_eq_zero_of_lt ℚ n ((tsub_lt_tsub_iff_left_of_le h).mpr w)] · simp · intro x y hx hy; simp [hx, hy] · intro a x h; simp [h] #align bernstein_polynomial.linear_independent_aux bernsteinPolynomial.linearIndependent_aux theorem linearIndependent (n : ℕ) : LinearIndependent ℚ fun ν : Fin (n + 1) => bernsteinPolynomial ℚ n ν := linearIndependent_aux n (n + 1) le_rfl #align bernstein_polynomial.linear_independent bernsteinPolynomial.linearIndependent theorem sum (n : ℕ) : (∑ ν ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), bernsteinPolynomial R n ν) = 1 := calc (∑ ν ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), bernsteinPolynomial R n ν) = (X + (1 - X)) ^ n := by rw [add_pow] simp only [bernsteinPolynomial, mul_comm, mul_assoc, mul_left_comm] _ = 1 := by simp #align bernstein_polynomial.sum bernsteinPolynomial.sum open Polynomial open MvPolynomial hiding X theorem sum_smul (n : ℕ) : (∑ ν ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), ν • bernsteinPolynomial R n ν) = n • X := by -- We calculate the `x`-derivative of `(x+y)^n`, evaluated at `y=(1-x)`, -- either directly or by using the binomial theorem. -- We'll work in `MvPolynomial Bool R`. let x : MvPolynomial Bool R := MvPolynomial.X true let y : MvPolynomial Bool R := MvPolynomial.X false have pderiv_true_x : pderiv true x = 1 := by rw [pderiv_X]; rfl have pderiv_true_y : pderiv true y = 0 := by rw [pderiv_X]; rfl let e : Bool → R[X] := fun i => cond i X (1 - X) -- Start with `(x+y)^n = (x+y)^n`, -- take the `x`-derivative, evaluate at `x=X, y=1-X`, and multiply by `X`: trans MvPolynomial.aeval e (pderiv true ((x + y) ^ n)) * X -- On the left hand side we'll use the binomial theorem, then simplify. · -- We first prepare a tedious rewrite: have w : ∀ k : ℕ, k • bernsteinPolynomial R n k = (k : R[X]) * Polynomial.X ^ (k - 1) * (1 - Polynomial.X) ^ (n - k) * (n.choose k : R[X]) * Polynomial.X := by rintro (_ | k) · simp · rw [bernsteinPolynomial] simp only [← natCast_mul, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Nat.add_succ_sub_one, add_zero, pow_succ] push_cast ring rw [add_pow, map_sum (pderiv true), map_sum (MvPolynomial.aeval e), Finset.sum_mul] -- Step inside the sum: refine Finset.sum_congr rfl fun k _ => (w k).trans ?_ simp only [x, y, e, pderiv_true_x, pderiv_true_y, Algebra.id.smul_eq_mul, nsmul_eq_mul, Bool.cond_true, Bool.cond_false, add_zero, mul_one, mul_zero, smul_zero, MvPolynomial.aeval_X, MvPolynomial.pderiv_mul, Derivation.leibniz_pow, Derivation.map_natCast, map_natCast, map_pow, map_mul] · rw [(pderiv true).leibniz_pow, (pderiv true).map_add, pderiv_true_x, pderiv_true_y] simp only [x, y, e, Algebra.id.smul_eq_mul, nsmul_eq_mul, map_natCast, map_pow, map_add, map_mul, Bool.cond_true, Bool.cond_false, MvPolynomial.aeval_X, add_sub_cancel, one_pow, add_zero, mul_one] #align bernstein_polynomial.sum_smul bernsteinPolynomial.sum_smul
Mathlib/RingTheory/Polynomial/Bernstein.lean
338
378
theorem sum_mul_smul (n : ℕ) : (∑ ν ∈ Finset.range (n + 1), (ν * (ν - 1)) • bernsteinPolynomial R n ν) = (n * (n - 1)) • X ^ 2 := by
-- We calculate the second `x`-derivative of `(x+y)^n`, evaluated at `y=(1-x)`, -- either directly or by using the binomial theorem. -- We'll work in `MvPolynomial Bool R`. let x : MvPolynomial Bool R := MvPolynomial.X true let y : MvPolynomial Bool R := MvPolynomial.X false have pderiv_true_x : pderiv true x = 1 := by rw [pderiv_X]; rfl have pderiv_true_y : pderiv true y = 0 := by rw [pderiv_X]; rfl let e : Bool → R[X] := fun i => cond i X (1 - X) -- Start with `(x+y)^n = (x+y)^n`, -- take the second `x`-derivative, evaluate at `x=X, y=1-X`, and multiply by `X`: trans MvPolynomial.aeval e (pderiv true (pderiv true ((x + y) ^ n))) * X ^ 2 -- On the left hand side we'll use the binomial theorem, then simplify. · -- We first prepare a tedious rewrite: have w : ∀ k : ℕ, (k * (k - 1)) • bernsteinPolynomial R n k = (n.choose k : R[X]) * ((1 - Polynomial.X) ^ (n - k) * ((k : R[X]) * ((↑(k - 1) : R[X]) * Polynomial.X ^ (k - 1 - 1)))) * Polynomial.X ^ 2 := by rintro (_ | _ | k) · simp · simp · rw [bernsteinPolynomial] simp only [← natCast_mul, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Nat.add_succ_sub_one, add_zero, pow_succ] push_cast ring rw [add_pow, map_sum (pderiv true), map_sum (pderiv true), map_sum (MvPolynomial.aeval e), Finset.sum_mul] -- Step inside the sum: refine Finset.sum_congr rfl fun k _ => (w k).trans ?_ simp only [x, y, e, pderiv_true_x, pderiv_true_y, Algebra.id.smul_eq_mul, nsmul_eq_mul, Bool.cond_true, Bool.cond_false, add_zero, zero_add, mul_zero, smul_zero, mul_one, MvPolynomial.aeval_X, MvPolynomial.pderiv_X_self, MvPolynomial.pderiv_X_of_ne, Derivation.leibniz_pow, Derivation.leibniz, Derivation.map_natCast, map_natCast, map_pow, map_mul, map_add] -- On the right hand side, we'll just simplify. · simp only [x, y, e, pderiv_one, pderiv_mul, (pderiv _).leibniz_pow, (pderiv _).map_natCast, (pderiv true).map_add, pderiv_true_x, pderiv_true_y, Algebra.id.smul_eq_mul, add_zero, mul_one, Derivation.map_smul_of_tower, map_nsmul, map_pow, map_add, Bool.cond_true, Bool.cond_false, MvPolynomial.aeval_X, add_sub_cancel, one_pow, smul_smul, smul_one_mul]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.ConjFinite import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Abelianization import Mathlib.GroupTheory.GroupAction.ConjAct import Mathlib.GroupTheory.GroupAction.Quotient import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Index import Mathlib.GroupTheory.SpecificGroups.Dihedral import Mathlib.Tactic.FieldSimp import Mathlib.Tactic.LinearCombination import Mathlib.Tactic.Qify #align_import group_theory.commuting_probability from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"dc6c365e751e34d100e80fe6e314c3c3e0fd2988" noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Fintype variable (M : Type*) [Mul M] def commProb : ℚ := Nat.card { p : M × M // Commute p.1 p.2 } / (Nat.card M : ℚ) ^ 2 #align comm_prob commProb theorem commProb_def : commProb M = Nat.card { p : M × M // Commute p.1 p.2 } / (Nat.card M : ℚ) ^ 2 := rfl #align comm_prob_def commProb_def theorem commProb_prod (M' : Type*) [Mul M'] : commProb (M × M') = commProb M * commProb M' := by simp_rw [commProb_def, div_mul_div_comm, Nat.card_prod, Nat.cast_mul, mul_pow, ← Nat.cast_mul, ← Nat.card_prod, Commute, SemiconjBy, Prod.ext_iff] congr 2 exact Nat.card_congr ⟨fun x => ⟨⟨⟨x.1.1.1, x.1.2.1⟩, x.2.1⟩, ⟨⟨x.1.1.2, x.1.2.2⟩, x.2.2⟩⟩, fun x => ⟨⟨⟨x.1.1.1, x.2.1.1⟩, ⟨x.1.1.2, x.2.1.2⟩⟩, ⟨x.1.2, x.2.2⟩⟩, fun x => rfl, fun x => rfl⟩ theorem commProb_pi {α : Type*} (i : α → Type*) [Fintype α] [∀ a, Mul (i a)] : commProb (∀ a, i a) = ∏ a, commProb (i a) := by simp_rw [commProb_def, Finset.prod_div_distrib, Finset.prod_pow, ← Nat.cast_prod, ← Nat.card_pi, Commute, SemiconjBy, Function.funext_iff] congr 2 exact Nat.card_congr ⟨fun x a => ⟨⟨x.1.1 a, x.1.2 a⟩, x.2 a⟩, fun x => ⟨⟨fun a => (x a).1.1, fun a => (x a).1.2⟩, fun a => (x a).2⟩, fun x => rfl, fun x => rfl⟩
Mathlib/GroupTheory/CommutingProbability.lean
62
64
theorem commProb_function {α β : Type*} [Fintype α] [Mul β] : commProb (α → β) = (commProb β) ^ Fintype.card α := by
rw [commProb_pi, Finset.prod_const, Finset.card_univ]
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Covering.DensityTheorem #align_import measure_theory.covering.liminf_limsup from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"5f6e827d81dfbeb6151d7016586ceeb0099b9655" open Set Filter Metric MeasureTheory TopologicalSpace open scoped NNReal ENNReal Topology variable {α : Type*} [MetricSpace α] [SecondCountableTopology α] [MeasurableSpace α] [BorelSpace α] variable (μ : Measure α) [IsLocallyFiniteMeasure μ] [IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure μ] theorem blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le_aux (p : ℕ → Prop) {s : ℕ → Set α} (hs : ∀ i, IsClosed (s i)) {r₁ r₂ : ℕ → ℝ} (hr : Tendsto r₁ atTop (𝓝[>] 0)) (hrp : 0 ≤ r₁) {M : ℝ} (hM : 0 < M) (hM' : M < 1) (hMr : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, M * r₁ i ≤ r₂ i) : (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r₁ i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) ≤ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r₂ i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by set Y₁ : ℕ → Set α := fun i => cthickening (r₁ i) (s i) set Y₂ : ℕ → Set α := fun i => cthickening (r₂ i) (s i) let Z : ℕ → Set α := fun i => ⋃ (j) (_ : p j ∧ i ≤ j), Y₂ j suffices ∀ i, μ (atTop.blimsup Y₁ p \ Z i) = 0 by rwa [ae_le_set, @blimsup_eq_iInf_biSup_of_nat _ _ _ Y₂, iInf_eq_iInter, diff_iInter, measure_iUnion_null_iff] intros i set W := atTop.blimsup Y₁ p \ Z i by_contra contra obtain ⟨d, hd, hd'⟩ : ∃ d, d ∈ W ∧ ∀ {ι : Type _} {l : Filter ι} (w : ι → α) (δ : ι → ℝ), Tendsto δ l (𝓝[>] 0) → (∀ᶠ j in l, d ∈ closedBall (w j) (2 * δ j)) → Tendsto (fun j => μ (W ∩ closedBall (w j) (δ j)) / μ (closedBall (w j) (δ j))) l (𝓝 1) := Measure.exists_mem_of_measure_ne_zero_of_ae contra (IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure.ae_tendsto_measure_inter_div μ W 2) replace hd : d ∈ blimsup Y₁ atTop p := ((mem_diff _).mp hd).1 obtain ⟨f : ℕ → ℕ, hf⟩ := exists_forall_mem_of_hasBasis_mem_blimsup' atTop_basis hd simp only [forall_and] at hf obtain ⟨hf₀ : ∀ j, d ∈ cthickening (r₁ (f j)) (s (f j)), hf₁, hf₂ : ∀ j, j ≤ f j⟩ := hf have hf₃ : Tendsto f atTop atTop := tendsto_atTop_atTop.mpr fun j => ⟨f j, fun i hi => (hf₂ j).trans (hi.trans <| hf₂ i)⟩ replace hr : Tendsto (r₁ ∘ f) atTop (𝓝[>] 0) := hr.comp hf₃ replace hMr : ∀ᶠ j in atTop, M * r₁ (f j) ≤ r₂ (f j) := hf₃.eventually hMr replace hf₀ : ∀ j, ∃ w ∈ s (f j), d ∈ closedBall w (2 * r₁ (f j)) := by intro j specialize hrp (f j) rw [Pi.zero_apply] at hrp rcases eq_or_lt_of_le hrp with (hr0 | hrp') · specialize hf₀ j rw [← hr0, cthickening_zero, (hs (f j)).closure_eq] at hf₀ exact ⟨d, hf₀, by simp [← hr0]⟩ · simpa using mem_iUnion₂.mp (cthickening_subset_iUnion_closedBall_of_lt (s (f j)) (by positivity) (lt_two_mul_self hrp') (hf₀ j)) choose w hw hw' using hf₀ let C := IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure.scalingConstantOf μ M⁻¹ have hC : 0 < C := lt_of_lt_of_le zero_lt_one (IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure.one_le_scalingConstantOf μ M⁻¹) suffices ∃ η < (1 : ℝ≥0), ∀ᶠ j in atTop, μ (W ∩ closedBall (w j) (r₁ (f j))) / μ (closedBall (w j) (r₁ (f j))) ≤ η by obtain ⟨η, hη, hη'⟩ := this replace hη' : 1 ≤ η := by simpa only [ENNReal.one_le_coe_iff] using le_of_tendsto (hd' w (fun j => r₁ (f j)) hr <| eventually_of_forall hw') hη' exact (lt_self_iff_false _).mp (lt_of_lt_of_le hη hη') refine ⟨1 - C⁻¹, tsub_lt_self zero_lt_one (inv_pos.mpr hC), ?_⟩ replace hC : C ≠ 0 := ne_of_gt hC let b : ℕ → Set α := fun j => closedBall (w j) (M * r₁ (f j)) let B : ℕ → Set α := fun j => closedBall (w j) (r₁ (f j)) have h₁ : ∀ j, b j ⊆ B j := fun j => closedBall_subset_closedBall (mul_le_of_le_one_left (hrp (f j)) hM'.le) have h₂ : ∀ j, W ∩ B j ⊆ B j := fun j => inter_subset_right have h₃ : ∀ᶠ j in atTop, Disjoint (b j) (W ∩ B j) := by apply hMr.mp rw [eventually_atTop] refine ⟨i, fun j hj hj' => Disjoint.inf_right (B j) <| Disjoint.inf_right' (blimsup Y₁ atTop p) ?_⟩ change Disjoint (b j) (Z i)ᶜ rw [disjoint_compl_right_iff_subset] refine (closedBall_subset_cthickening (hw j) (M * r₁ (f j))).trans ((cthickening_mono hj' _).trans fun a ha => ?_) simp only [Z, mem_iUnion, exists_prop] exact ⟨f j, ⟨hf₁ j, hj.le.trans (hf₂ j)⟩, ha⟩ have h₄ : ∀ᶠ j in atTop, μ (B j) ≤ C * μ (b j) := (hr.eventually (IsUnifLocDoublingMeasure.eventually_measure_le_scaling_constant_mul' μ M hM)).mono fun j hj => hj (w j) refine (h₃.and h₄).mono fun j hj₀ => ?_ change μ (W ∩ B j) / μ (B j) ≤ ↑(1 - C⁻¹) rcases eq_or_ne (μ (B j)) ∞ with (hB | hB); · simp [hB] apply ENNReal.div_le_of_le_mul rw [ENNReal.coe_sub, ENNReal.coe_one, ENNReal.sub_mul fun _ _ => hB, one_mul] replace hB : ↑C⁻¹ * μ (B j) ≠ ∞ := by refine ENNReal.mul_ne_top ?_ hB rwa [ENNReal.coe_inv hC, Ne, ENNReal.inv_eq_top, ENNReal.coe_eq_zero] obtain ⟨hj₁ : Disjoint (b j) (W ∩ B j), hj₂ : μ (B j) ≤ C * μ (b j)⟩ := hj₀ replace hj₂ : ↑C⁻¹ * μ (B j) ≤ μ (b j) := by rw [ENNReal.coe_inv hC, ← ENNReal.div_eq_inv_mul] exact ENNReal.div_le_of_le_mul' hj₂ have hj₃ : ↑C⁻¹ * μ (B j) + μ (W ∩ B j) ≤ μ (B j) := by refine le_trans (add_le_add_right hj₂ _) ?_ rw [← measure_union' hj₁ measurableSet_closedBall] exact measure_mono (union_subset (h₁ j) (h₂ j)) replace hj₃ := tsub_le_tsub_right hj₃ (↑C⁻¹ * μ (B j)) rwa [ENNReal.add_sub_cancel_left hB] at hj₃ #align blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le_aux blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le_aux theorem blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le (p : ℕ → Prop) {s : ℕ → Set α} {M : ℝ} (hM : 0 < M) {r₁ r₂ : ℕ → ℝ} (hr : Tendsto r₁ atTop (𝓝[>] 0)) (hMr : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, M * r₁ i ≤ r₂ i) : (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r₁ i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) ≤ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r₂ i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by let R₁ i := max 0 (r₁ i) let R₂ i := max 0 (r₂ i) have hRp : 0 ≤ R₁ := fun i => le_max_left 0 (r₁ i) replace hMr : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, M * R₁ i ≤ R₂ i := by refine hMr.mono fun i hi ↦ ?_ rw [mul_max_of_nonneg _ _ hM.le, mul_zero] exact max_le_max (le_refl 0) hi simp_rw [← cthickening_max_zero (r₁ _), ← cthickening_max_zero (r₂ _)] rcases le_or_lt 1 M with hM' | hM' · apply HasSubset.Subset.eventuallyLE change _ ≤ _ refine mono_blimsup' (hMr.mono fun i hi _ => cthickening_mono ?_ (s i)) exact (le_mul_of_one_le_left (hRp i) hM').trans hi · simp only [← @cthickening_closure _ _ _ (s _)] have hs : ∀ i, IsClosed (closure (s i)) := fun i => isClosed_closure exact blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le_aux μ p hs (tendsto_nhds_max_right hr) hRp hM hM' hMr #align blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le theorem blimsup_cthickening_mul_ae_eq (p : ℕ → Prop) (s : ℕ → Set α) {M : ℝ} (hM : 0 < M) (r : ℕ → ℝ) (hr : Tendsto r atTop (𝓝 0)) : (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) =ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by have : ∀ (p : ℕ → Prop) {r : ℕ → ℝ} (_ : Tendsto r atTop (𝓝[>] 0)), (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) =ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by clear p hr r; intro p r hr have hr' : Tendsto (fun i => M * r i) atTop (𝓝[>] 0) := by convert TendstoNhdsWithinIoi.const_mul hM hr <;> simp only [mul_zero] refine eventuallyLE_antisymm_iff.mpr ⟨?_, ?_⟩ · exact blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le μ p (inv_pos.mpr hM) hr' (eventually_of_forall fun i => by rw [inv_mul_cancel_left₀ hM.ne' (r i)]) · exact blimsup_cthickening_ae_le_of_eventually_mul_le μ p hM hr (eventually_of_forall fun i => le_refl _) let r' : ℕ → ℝ := fun i => if 0 < r i then r i else 1 / ((i : ℝ) + 1) have hr' : Tendsto r' atTop (𝓝[>] 0) := by refine tendsto_nhdsWithin_iff.mpr ⟨Tendsto.if' hr tendsto_one_div_add_atTop_nhds_zero_nat, eventually_of_forall fun i => ?_⟩ by_cases hi : 0 < r i · simp [r', hi] · simp only [r', hi, one_div, mem_Ioi, if_false, inv_pos]; positivity have h₀ : ∀ i, p i ∧ 0 < r i → cthickening (r i) (s i) = cthickening (r' i) (s i) := by rintro i ⟨-, hi⟩; congr! 1; change r i = ite (0 < r i) (r i) _; simp [hi] have h₁ : ∀ i, p i ∧ 0 < r i → cthickening (M * r i) (s i) = cthickening (M * r' i) (s i) := by rintro i ⟨-, hi⟩; simp only [r', hi, mul_ite, if_true] have h₂ : ∀ i, p i ∧ r i ≤ 0 → cthickening (M * r i) (s i) = cthickening (r i) (s i) := by rintro i ⟨-, hi⟩ have hi' : M * r i ≤ 0 := mul_nonpos_of_nonneg_of_nonpos hM.le hi rw [cthickening_of_nonpos hi, cthickening_of_nonpos hi'] have hp : p = fun i => p i ∧ 0 < r i ∨ p i ∧ r i ≤ 0 := by ext i; simp [← and_or_left, lt_or_le 0 (r i)] rw [hp, blimsup_or_eq_sup, blimsup_or_eq_sup] simp only [sup_eq_union] rw [blimsup_congr (eventually_of_forall h₀), blimsup_congr (eventually_of_forall h₁), blimsup_congr (eventually_of_forall h₂)] exact ae_eq_set_union (this (fun i => p i ∧ 0 < r i) hr') (ae_eq_refl _) #align blimsup_cthickening_mul_ae_eq blimsup_cthickening_mul_ae_eq theorem blimsup_cthickening_ae_eq_blimsup_thickening {p : ℕ → Prop} {s : ℕ → Set α} {r : ℕ → ℝ} (hr : Tendsto r atTop (𝓝 0)) (hr' : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, p i → 0 < r i) : (blimsup (fun i => cthickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) =ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => thickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by refine eventuallyLE_antisymm_iff.mpr ⟨?_, HasSubset.Subset.eventuallyLE (?_ : _ ≤ _)⟩ · rw [eventuallyLE_congr (blimsup_cthickening_mul_ae_eq μ p s (@one_half_pos ℝ _) r hr).symm EventuallyEq.rfl] apply HasSubset.Subset.eventuallyLE change _ ≤ _ refine mono_blimsup' (hr'.mono fun i hi pi => cthickening_subset_thickening' (hi pi) ?_ (s i)) nlinarith [hi pi] · exact mono_blimsup fun i _ => thickening_subset_cthickening _ _ #align blimsup_cthickening_ae_eq_blimsup_thickening blimsup_cthickening_ae_eq_blimsup_thickening theorem blimsup_thickening_mul_ae_eq_aux (p : ℕ → Prop) (s : ℕ → Set α) {M : ℝ} (hM : 0 < M) (r : ℕ → ℝ) (hr : Tendsto r atTop (𝓝 0)) (hr' : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, p i → 0 < r i) : (blimsup (fun i => thickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) =ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => thickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by have h₁ := blimsup_cthickening_ae_eq_blimsup_thickening (s := s) μ hr hr' have h₂ := blimsup_cthickening_mul_ae_eq μ p s hM r hr replace hr : Tendsto (fun i => M * r i) atTop (𝓝 0) := by convert hr.const_mul M; simp replace hr' : ∀ᶠ i in atTop, p i → 0 < M * r i := hr'.mono fun i hi hip ↦ mul_pos hM (hi hip) have h₃ := blimsup_cthickening_ae_eq_blimsup_thickening (s := s) μ hr hr' exact h₃.symm.trans (h₂.trans h₁) #align blimsup_thickening_mul_ae_eq_aux blimsup_thickening_mul_ae_eq_aux
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Covering/LiminfLimsup.lean
271
288
theorem blimsup_thickening_mul_ae_eq (p : ℕ → Prop) (s : ℕ → Set α) {M : ℝ} (hM : 0 < M) (r : ℕ → ℝ) (hr : Tendsto r atTop (𝓝 0)) : (blimsup (fun i => thickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) =ᵐ[μ] (blimsup (fun i => thickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p : Set α) := by
let q : ℕ → Prop := fun i => p i ∧ 0 < r i have h₁ : blimsup (fun i => thickening (r i) (s i)) atTop p = blimsup (fun i => thickening (r i) (s i)) atTop q := by refine blimsup_congr' (eventually_of_forall fun i h => ?_) replace hi : 0 < r i := by contrapose! h; apply thickening_of_nonpos h simp only [q, hi, iff_self_and, imp_true_iff] have h₂ : blimsup (fun i => thickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop p = blimsup (fun i => thickening (M * r i) (s i)) atTop q := by refine blimsup_congr' (eventually_of_forall fun i h ↦ ?_) replace h : 0 < r i := by rw [← mul_pos_iff_of_pos_left hM]; contrapose! h; apply thickening_of_nonpos h simp only [q, h, iff_self_and, imp_true_iff] rw [h₁, h₂] exact blimsup_thickening_mul_ae_eq_aux μ q s hM r hr (eventually_of_forall fun i hi => hi.2)
import Mathlib.RingTheory.Valuation.ValuationRing import Mathlib.RingTheory.Localization.AsSubring import Mathlib.Algebra.Ring.Subring.Pointwise import Mathlib.AlgebraicGeometry.PrimeSpectrum.Basic #align_import ring_theory.valuation.valuation_subring from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2196ab363eb097c008d4497125e0dde23fb36db2" universe u open scoped Classical noncomputable section variable (K : Type u) [Field K] structure ValuationSubring extends Subring K where mem_or_inv_mem' : ∀ x : K, x ∈ carrier ∨ x⁻¹ ∈ carrier #align valuation_subring ValuationSubring namespace ValuationSubring variable {K} variable (A : ValuationSubring K) instance : SetLike (ValuationSubring K) K where coe A := A.toSubring coe_injective' := by intro ⟨_, _⟩ ⟨_, _⟩ h replace h := SetLike.coe_injective' h congr @[simp, nolint simpNF] -- Porting note (#10959): simp cannot prove that theorem mem_carrier (x : K) : x ∈ A.carrier ↔ x ∈ A := Iff.refl _ #align valuation_subring.mem_carrier ValuationSubring.mem_carrier @[simp] theorem mem_toSubring (x : K) : x ∈ A.toSubring ↔ x ∈ A := Iff.refl _ #align valuation_subring.mem_to_subring ValuationSubring.mem_toSubring @[ext] theorem ext (A B : ValuationSubring K) (h : ∀ x, x ∈ A ↔ x ∈ B) : A = B := SetLike.ext h #align valuation_subring.ext ValuationSubring.ext theorem zero_mem : (0 : K) ∈ A := A.toSubring.zero_mem #align valuation_subring.zero_mem ValuationSubring.zero_mem theorem one_mem : (1 : K) ∈ A := A.toSubring.one_mem #align valuation_subring.one_mem ValuationSubring.one_mem theorem add_mem (x y : K) : x ∈ A → y ∈ A → x + y ∈ A := A.toSubring.add_mem #align valuation_subring.add_mem ValuationSubring.add_mem theorem mul_mem (x y : K) : x ∈ A → y ∈ A → x * y ∈ A := A.toSubring.mul_mem #align valuation_subring.mul_mem ValuationSubring.mul_mem theorem neg_mem (x : K) : x ∈ A → -x ∈ A := A.toSubring.neg_mem #align valuation_subring.neg_mem ValuationSubring.neg_mem theorem mem_or_inv_mem (x : K) : x ∈ A ∨ x⁻¹ ∈ A := A.mem_or_inv_mem' _ #align valuation_subring.mem_or_inv_mem ValuationSubring.mem_or_inv_mem instance : SubringClass (ValuationSubring K) K where zero_mem := zero_mem add_mem {_} a b := add_mem _ a b one_mem := one_mem mul_mem {_} a b := mul_mem _ a b neg_mem {_} x := neg_mem _ x theorem toSubring_injective : Function.Injective (toSubring : ValuationSubring K → Subring K) := fun x y h => by cases x; cases y; congr #align valuation_subring.to_subring_injective ValuationSubring.toSubring_injective instance : CommRing A := show CommRing A.toSubring by infer_instance instance : IsDomain A := show IsDomain A.toSubring by infer_instance instance : Top (ValuationSubring K) := Top.mk <| { (⊤ : Subring K) with mem_or_inv_mem' := fun _ => Or.inl trivial } theorem mem_top (x : K) : x ∈ (⊤ : ValuationSubring K) := trivial #align valuation_subring.mem_top ValuationSubring.mem_top theorem le_top : A ≤ ⊤ := fun _a _ha => mem_top _ #align valuation_subring.le_top ValuationSubring.le_top instance : OrderTop (ValuationSubring K) where top := ⊤ le_top := le_top instance : Inhabited (ValuationSubring K) := ⟨⊤⟩ instance : ValuationRing A where cond' a b := by by_cases h : (b : K) = 0 · use 0 left ext simp [h] by_cases h : (a : K) = 0 · use 0; right ext simp [h] cases' A.mem_or_inv_mem (a / b) with hh hh · use ⟨a / b, hh⟩ right ext field_simp · rw [show (a / b : K)⁻¹ = b / a by field_simp] at hh use ⟨b / a, hh⟩; left ext field_simp instance : Algebra A K := show Algebra A.toSubring K by infer_instance -- Porting note: Somehow it cannot find this instance and I'm too lazy to debug. wrong prio? instance localRing : LocalRing A := ValuationRing.localRing A @[simp] theorem algebraMap_apply (a : A) : algebraMap A K a = a := rfl #align valuation_subring.algebra_map_apply ValuationSubring.algebraMap_apply instance : IsFractionRing A K where map_units' := fun ⟨y, hy⟩ => (Units.mk0 (y : K) fun c => nonZeroDivisors.ne_zero hy <| Subtype.ext c).isUnit surj' z := by by_cases h : z = 0; · use (0, 1); simp [h] cases' A.mem_or_inv_mem z with hh hh · use (⟨z, hh⟩, 1); simp · refine ⟨⟨1, ⟨⟨_, hh⟩, ?_⟩⟩, mul_inv_cancel h⟩ exact mem_nonZeroDivisors_iff_ne_zero.2 fun c => h (inv_eq_zero.mp (congr_arg Subtype.val c)) exists_of_eq {a b} h := ⟨1, by ext; simpa using h⟩ def ValueGroup := ValuationRing.ValueGroup A K -- deriving LinearOrderedCommGroupWithZero #align valuation_subring.value_group ValuationSubring.ValueGroup -- Porting note: see https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/issues/5020 instance : LinearOrderedCommGroupWithZero (ValueGroup A) := by unfold ValueGroup infer_instance def valuation : Valuation K A.ValueGroup := ValuationRing.valuation A K #align valuation_subring.valuation ValuationSubring.valuation instance inhabitedValueGroup : Inhabited A.ValueGroup := ⟨A.valuation 0⟩ #align valuation_subring.inhabited_value_group ValuationSubring.inhabitedValueGroup theorem valuation_le_one (a : A) : A.valuation a ≤ 1 := (ValuationRing.mem_integer_iff A K _).2 ⟨a, rfl⟩ #align valuation_subring.valuation_le_one ValuationSubring.valuation_le_one theorem mem_of_valuation_le_one (x : K) (h : A.valuation x ≤ 1) : x ∈ A := let ⟨a, ha⟩ := (ValuationRing.mem_integer_iff A K x).1 h ha ▸ a.2 #align valuation_subring.mem_of_valuation_le_one ValuationSubring.mem_of_valuation_le_one theorem valuation_le_one_iff (x : K) : A.valuation x ≤ 1 ↔ x ∈ A := ⟨mem_of_valuation_le_one _ _, fun ha => A.valuation_le_one ⟨x, ha⟩⟩ #align valuation_subring.valuation_le_one_iff ValuationSubring.valuation_le_one_iff theorem valuation_eq_iff (x y : K) : A.valuation x = A.valuation y ↔ ∃ a : Aˣ, (a : K) * y = x := Quotient.eq'' #align valuation_subring.valuation_eq_iff ValuationSubring.valuation_eq_iff theorem valuation_le_iff (x y : K) : A.valuation x ≤ A.valuation y ↔ ∃ a : A, (a : K) * y = x := Iff.rfl #align valuation_subring.valuation_le_iff ValuationSubring.valuation_le_iff theorem valuation_surjective : Function.Surjective A.valuation := surjective_quot_mk _ #align valuation_subring.valuation_surjective ValuationSubring.valuation_surjective theorem valuation_unit (a : Aˣ) : A.valuation a = 1 := by rw [← A.valuation.map_one, valuation_eq_iff]; use a; simp #align valuation_subring.valuation_unit ValuationSubring.valuation_unit theorem valuation_eq_one_iff (a : A) : IsUnit a ↔ A.valuation a = 1 := ⟨fun h => A.valuation_unit h.unit, fun h => by have ha : (a : K) ≠ 0 := by intro c rw [c, A.valuation.map_zero] at h exact zero_ne_one h have ha' : (a : K)⁻¹ ∈ A := by rw [← valuation_le_one_iff, map_inv₀, h, inv_one] apply isUnit_of_mul_eq_one a ⟨a⁻¹, ha'⟩; ext; field_simp⟩ #align valuation_subring.valuation_eq_one_iff ValuationSubring.valuation_eq_one_iff theorem valuation_lt_one_or_eq_one (a : A) : A.valuation a < 1 ∨ A.valuation a = 1 := lt_or_eq_of_le (A.valuation_le_one a) #align valuation_subring.valuation_lt_one_or_eq_one ValuationSubring.valuation_lt_one_or_eq_one theorem valuation_lt_one_iff (a : A) : a ∈ LocalRing.maximalIdeal A ↔ A.valuation a < 1 := by rw [LocalRing.mem_maximalIdeal] dsimp [nonunits]; rw [valuation_eq_one_iff] exact (A.valuation_le_one a).lt_iff_ne.symm #align valuation_subring.valuation_lt_one_iff ValuationSubring.valuation_lt_one_iff def ofSubring (R : Subring K) (hR : ∀ x : K, x ∈ R ∨ x⁻¹ ∈ R) : ValuationSubring K := { R with mem_or_inv_mem' := hR } #align valuation_subring.of_subring ValuationSubring.ofSubring @[simp] theorem mem_ofSubring (R : Subring K) (hR : ∀ x : K, x ∈ R ∨ x⁻¹ ∈ R) (x : K) : x ∈ ofSubring R hR ↔ x ∈ R := Iff.refl _ #align valuation_subring.mem_of_subring ValuationSubring.mem_ofSubring def ofLE (R : ValuationSubring K) (S : Subring K) (h : R.toSubring ≤ S) : ValuationSubring K := { S with mem_or_inv_mem' := fun x => (R.mem_or_inv_mem x).imp (@h x) (@h _) } #align valuation_subring.of_le ValuationSubring.ofLE section Order instance : SemilatticeSup (ValuationSubring K) := { (inferInstance : PartialOrder (ValuationSubring K)) with sup := fun R S => ofLE R (R.toSubring ⊔ S.toSubring) <| le_sup_left le_sup_left := fun R S _ hx => (le_sup_left : R.toSubring ≤ R.toSubring ⊔ S.toSubring) hx le_sup_right := fun R S _ hx => (le_sup_right : S.toSubring ≤ R.toSubring ⊔ S.toSubring) hx sup_le := fun R S T hR hT _ hx => (sup_le hR hT : R.toSubring ⊔ S.toSubring ≤ T.toSubring) hx } def inclusion (R S : ValuationSubring K) (h : R ≤ S) : R →+* S := Subring.inclusion h #align valuation_subring.inclusion ValuationSubring.inclusion def subtype (R : ValuationSubring K) : R →+* K := Subring.subtype R.toSubring #align valuation_subring.subtype ValuationSubring.subtype def mapOfLE (R S : ValuationSubring K) (h : R ≤ S) : R.ValueGroup →*₀ S.ValueGroup where toFun := Quotient.map' id fun x y ⟨u, hu⟩ => ⟨Units.map (R.inclusion S h).toMonoidHom u, hu⟩ map_zero' := rfl map_one' := rfl map_mul' := by rintro ⟨⟩ ⟨⟩; rfl #align valuation_subring.map_of_le ValuationSubring.mapOfLE @[mono] theorem monotone_mapOfLE (R S : ValuationSubring K) (h : R ≤ S) : Monotone (R.mapOfLE S h) := by rintro ⟨⟩ ⟨⟩ ⟨a, ha⟩; exact ⟨R.inclusion S h a, ha⟩ #align valuation_subring.monotone_map_of_le ValuationSubring.monotone_mapOfLE @[simp]
Mathlib/RingTheory/Valuation/ValuationSubring.lean
274
275
theorem mapOfLE_comp_valuation (R S : ValuationSubring K) (h : R ≤ S) : R.mapOfLE S h ∘ R.valuation = S.valuation := by
ext; rfl
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Matrix.Gershgorin import Mathlib.NumberTheory.NumberField.CanonicalEmbedding.ConvexBody import Mathlib.NumberTheory.NumberField.Units.Basic import Mathlib.RingTheory.RootsOfUnity.Basic #align_import number_theory.number_field.units from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"00f91228655eecdcd3ac97a7fd8dbcb139fe990a" open scoped NumberField noncomputable section open NumberField NumberField.InfinitePlace NumberField.Units BigOperators variable (K : Type*) [Field K] [NumberField K] namespace NumberField.Units.dirichletUnitTheorem open scoped Classical open Finset variable {K} def w₀ : InfinitePlace K := (inferInstance : Nonempty (InfinitePlace K)).some variable (K) def logEmbedding : Additive ((𝓞 K)ˣ) →+ ({w : InfinitePlace K // w ≠ w₀} → ℝ) := { toFun := fun x w => mult w.val * Real.log (w.val ↑(Additive.toMul x)) map_zero' := by simp; rfl map_add' := fun _ _ => by simp [Real.log_mul, mul_add]; rfl } variable {K} @[simp] theorem logEmbedding_component (x : (𝓞 K)ˣ) (w : {w : InfinitePlace K // w ≠ w₀}) : (logEmbedding K x) w = mult w.val * Real.log (w.val x) := rfl
Mathlib/NumberTheory/NumberField/Units/DirichletTheorem.lean
86
98
theorem sum_logEmbedding_component (x : (𝓞 K)ˣ) : ∑ w, logEmbedding K x w = - mult (w₀ : InfinitePlace K) * Real.log (w₀ (x : K)) := by
have h := congr_arg Real.log (prod_eq_abs_norm (x : K)) rw [show |(Algebra.norm ℚ) (x : K)| = 1 from isUnit_iff_norm.mp x.isUnit, Rat.cast_one, Real.log_one, Real.log_prod] at h · simp_rw [Real.log_pow] at h rw [← insert_erase (mem_univ w₀), sum_insert (not_mem_erase w₀ univ), add_comm, add_eq_zero_iff_eq_neg] at h convert h using 1 · refine (sum_subtype _ (fun w => ?_) (fun w => (mult w) * (Real.log (w (x : K))))).symm exact ⟨ne_of_mem_erase, fun h => mem_erase_of_ne_of_mem h (mem_univ w)⟩ · norm_num · exact fun w _ => pow_ne_zero _ (AbsoluteValue.ne_zero _ (coe_ne_zero x))
import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Zlattice.Basic import Mathlib.NumberTheory.NumberField.Embeddings import Mathlib.NumberTheory.NumberField.FractionalIdeal #align_import number_theory.number_field.canonical_embedding from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"60da01b41bbe4206f05d34fd70c8dd7498717a30" variable (K : Type*) [Field K] namespace NumberField.canonicalEmbedding open NumberField def _root_.NumberField.canonicalEmbedding : K →+* ((K →+* ℂ) → ℂ) := Pi.ringHom fun φ => φ theorem _root_.NumberField.canonicalEmbedding_injective [NumberField K] : Function.Injective (NumberField.canonicalEmbedding K) := RingHom.injective _ variable {K} @[simp] theorem apply_at (φ : K →+* ℂ) (x : K) : (NumberField.canonicalEmbedding K x) φ = φ x := rfl open scoped ComplexConjugate theorem conj_apply {x : ((K →+* ℂ) → ℂ)} (φ : K →+* ℂ) (hx : x ∈ Submodule.span ℝ (Set.range (canonicalEmbedding K))) : conj (x φ) = x (ComplexEmbedding.conjugate φ) := by refine Submodule.span_induction hx ?_ ?_ (fun _ _ hx hy => ?_) (fun a _ hx => ?_) · rintro _ ⟨x, rfl⟩ rw [apply_at, apply_at, ComplexEmbedding.conjugate_coe_eq] · rw [Pi.zero_apply, Pi.zero_apply, map_zero] · rw [Pi.add_apply, Pi.add_apply, map_add, hx, hy] · rw [Pi.smul_apply, Complex.real_smul, map_mul, Complex.conj_ofReal] exact congrArg ((a : ℂ) * ·) hx
Mathlib/NumberTheory/NumberField/CanonicalEmbedding/Basic.lean
72
74
theorem nnnorm_eq [NumberField K] (x : K) : ‖canonicalEmbedding K x‖₊ = Finset.univ.sup (fun φ : K →+* ℂ => ‖φ x‖₊) := by
simp_rw [Pi.nnnorm_def, apply_at]
import Mathlib.Combinatorics.SimpleGraph.Subgraph import Mathlib.Data.List.Rotate #align_import combinatorics.simple_graph.connectivity from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"b99e2d58a5e6861833fa8de11e51a81144258db4" open Function universe u v w namespace SimpleGraph variable {V : Type u} {V' : Type v} {V'' : Type w} variable (G : SimpleGraph V) (G' : SimpleGraph V') (G'' : SimpleGraph V'') inductive Walk : V → V → Type u | nil {u : V} : Walk u u | cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : Walk v w) : Walk u w deriving DecidableEq #align simple_graph.walk SimpleGraph.Walk attribute [refl] Walk.nil @[simps] instance Walk.instInhabited (v : V) : Inhabited (G.Walk v v) := ⟨Walk.nil⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.inhabited SimpleGraph.Walk.instInhabited @[match_pattern, reducible] def Adj.toWalk {G : SimpleGraph V} {u v : V} (h : G.Adj u v) : G.Walk u v := Walk.cons h Walk.nil #align simple_graph.adj.to_walk SimpleGraph.Adj.toWalk namespace Walk variable {G} @[match_pattern] abbrev nil' (u : V) : G.Walk u u := Walk.nil #align simple_graph.walk.nil' SimpleGraph.Walk.nil' @[match_pattern] abbrev cons' (u v w : V) (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : G.Walk u w := Walk.cons h p #align simple_graph.walk.cons' SimpleGraph.Walk.cons' protected def copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : G.Walk u' v' := hu ▸ hv ▸ p #align simple_graph.walk.copy SimpleGraph.Walk.copy @[simp] theorem copy_rfl_rfl {u v} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.copy rfl rfl = p := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.copy_rfl_rfl SimpleGraph.Walk.copy_rfl_rfl @[simp] theorem copy_copy {u v u' v' u'' v''} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') (hu' : u' = u'') (hv' : v' = v'') : (p.copy hu hv).copy hu' hv' = p.copy (hu.trans hu') (hv.trans hv') := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.copy_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.copy_copy @[simp] theorem copy_nil {u u'} (hu : u = u') : (Walk.nil : G.Walk u u).copy hu hu = Walk.nil := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.copy_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.copy_nil theorem copy_cons {u v w u' w'} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) (hu : u = u') (hw : w = w') : (Walk.cons h p).copy hu hw = Walk.cons (hu ▸ h) (p.copy rfl hw) := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.copy_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.copy_cons @[simp] theorem cons_copy {u v w v' w'} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v' w') (hv : v' = v) (hw : w' = w) : Walk.cons h (p.copy hv hw) = (Walk.cons (hv ▸ h) p).copy rfl hw := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.cons_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_copy theorem exists_eq_cons_of_ne {u v : V} (hne : u ≠ v) : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v), ∃ (w : V) (h : G.Adj u w) (p' : G.Walk w v), p = cons h p' | nil => (hne rfl).elim | cons h p' => ⟨_, h, p', rfl⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.exists_eq_cons_of_ne SimpleGraph.Walk.exists_eq_cons_of_ne def length {u v : V} : G.Walk u v → ℕ | nil => 0 | cons _ q => q.length.succ #align simple_graph.walk.length SimpleGraph.Walk.length @[trans] def append {u v w : V} : G.Walk u v → G.Walk v w → G.Walk u w | nil, q => q | cons h p, q => cons h (p.append q) #align simple_graph.walk.append SimpleGraph.Walk.append def concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : G.Walk u w := p.append (cons h nil) #align simple_graph.walk.concat SimpleGraph.Walk.concat theorem concat_eq_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : p.concat h = p.append (cons h nil) := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.concat_eq_append SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_eq_append protected def reverseAux {u v w : V} : G.Walk u v → G.Walk u w → G.Walk v w | nil, q => q | cons h p, q => Walk.reverseAux p (cons (G.symm h) q) #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_aux SimpleGraph.Walk.reverseAux @[symm] def reverse {u v : V} (w : G.Walk u v) : G.Walk v u := w.reverseAux nil #align simple_graph.walk.reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse def getVert {u v : V} : G.Walk u v → ℕ → V | nil, _ => u | cons _ _, 0 => u | cons _ q, n + 1 => q.getVert n #align simple_graph.walk.get_vert SimpleGraph.Walk.getVert @[simp] theorem getVert_zero {u v} (w : G.Walk u v) : w.getVert 0 = u := by cases w <;> rfl #align simple_graph.walk.get_vert_zero SimpleGraph.Walk.getVert_zero theorem getVert_of_length_le {u v} (w : G.Walk u v) {i : ℕ} (hi : w.length ≤ i) : w.getVert i = v := by induction w generalizing i with | nil => rfl | cons _ _ ih => cases i · cases hi · exact ih (Nat.succ_le_succ_iff.1 hi) #align simple_graph.walk.get_vert_of_length_le SimpleGraph.Walk.getVert_of_length_le @[simp] theorem getVert_length {u v} (w : G.Walk u v) : w.getVert w.length = v := w.getVert_of_length_le rfl.le #align simple_graph.walk.get_vert_length SimpleGraph.Walk.getVert_length theorem adj_getVert_succ {u v} (w : G.Walk u v) {i : ℕ} (hi : i < w.length) : G.Adj (w.getVert i) (w.getVert (i + 1)) := by induction w generalizing i with | nil => cases hi | cons hxy _ ih => cases i · simp [getVert, hxy] · exact ih (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.1 hi) #align simple_graph.walk.adj_get_vert_succ SimpleGraph.Walk.adj_getVert_succ @[simp] theorem cons_append {u v w x : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) (q : G.Walk w x) : (cons h p).append q = cons h (p.append q) := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.cons_append SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_append @[simp] theorem cons_nil_append {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h nil).append p = cons h p := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.cons_nil_append SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_nil_append @[simp] theorem append_nil {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.append nil = p := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons _ _ ih => rw [cons_append, ih] #align simple_graph.walk.append_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.append_nil @[simp] theorem nil_append {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : nil.append p = p := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.nil_append SimpleGraph.Walk.nil_append theorem append_assoc {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) (r : G.Walk w x) : p.append (q.append r) = (p.append q).append r := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons h p' ih => dsimp only [append] rw [ih] #align simple_graph.walk.append_assoc SimpleGraph.Walk.append_assoc @[simp] theorem append_copy_copy {u v w u' v' w'} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') (hw : w = w') : (p.copy hu hv).append (q.copy hv hw) = (p.append q).copy hu hw := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.append_copy_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.append_copy_copy theorem concat_nil {u v : V} (h : G.Adj u v) : nil.concat h = cons h nil := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.concat_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_nil @[simp] theorem concat_cons {u v w x : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) (h' : G.Adj w x) : (cons h p).concat h' = cons h (p.concat h') := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.concat_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_cons theorem append_concat {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) (h : G.Adj w x) : p.append (q.concat h) = (p.append q).concat h := append_assoc _ _ _ #align simple_graph.walk.append_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.append_concat theorem concat_append {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) (q : G.Walk w x) : (p.concat h).append q = p.append (cons h q) := by rw [concat_eq_append, ← append_assoc, cons_nil_append] #align simple_graph.walk.concat_append SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_append theorem exists_cons_eq_concat {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : ∃ (x : V) (q : G.Walk u x) (h' : G.Adj x w), cons h p = q.concat h' := by induction p generalizing u with | nil => exact ⟨_, nil, h, rfl⟩ | cons h' p ih => obtain ⟨y, q, h'', hc⟩ := ih h' refine ⟨y, cons h q, h'', ?_⟩ rw [concat_cons, hc] #align simple_graph.walk.exists_cons_eq_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.exists_cons_eq_concat theorem exists_concat_eq_cons {u v w : V} : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w), ∃ (x : V) (h' : G.Adj u x) (q : G.Walk x w), p.concat h = cons h' q | nil, h => ⟨_, h, nil, rfl⟩ | cons h' p, h => ⟨_, h', Walk.concat p h, concat_cons _ _ _⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.exists_concat_eq_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.exists_concat_eq_cons @[simp] theorem reverse_nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).reverse = nil := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_nil theorem reverse_singleton {u v : V} (h : G.Adj u v) : (cons h nil).reverse = cons (G.symm h) nil := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_singleton SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_singleton @[simp] theorem cons_reverseAux {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk w x) (h : G.Adj w u) : (cons h p).reverseAux q = p.reverseAux (cons (G.symm h) q) := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.cons_reverse_aux SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_reverseAux @[simp] protected theorem append_reverseAux {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) (r : G.Walk u x) : (p.append q).reverseAux r = q.reverseAux (p.reverseAux r) := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons h _ ih => exact ih q (cons (G.symm h) r) #align simple_graph.walk.append_reverse_aux SimpleGraph.Walk.append_reverseAux @[simp] protected theorem reverseAux_append {u v w x : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk u w) (r : G.Walk w x) : (p.reverseAux q).append r = p.reverseAux (q.append r) := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons h _ ih => simp [ih (cons (G.symm h) q)] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_aux_append SimpleGraph.Walk.reverseAux_append protected theorem reverseAux_eq_reverse_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk u w) : p.reverseAux q = p.reverse.append q := by simp [reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_aux_eq_reverse_append SimpleGraph.Walk.reverseAux_eq_reverse_append @[simp] theorem reverse_cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).reverse = p.reverse.append (cons (G.symm h) nil) := by simp [reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_cons @[simp] theorem reverse_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).reverse = p.reverse.copy hv hu := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_copy @[simp] theorem reverse_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) : (p.append q).reverse = q.reverse.append p.reverse := by simp [reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_append SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_append @[simp] theorem reverse_concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : (p.concat h).reverse = cons (G.symm h) p.reverse := by simp [concat_eq_append] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_concat @[simp] theorem reverse_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.reverse = p := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons _ _ ih => simp [ih] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_reverse @[simp] theorem length_nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).length = 0 := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.length_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.length_nil @[simp] theorem length_cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).length = p.length + 1 := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.length_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.length_cons @[simp] theorem length_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).length = p.length := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.length_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.length_copy @[simp] theorem length_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) : (p.append q).length = p.length + q.length := by induction p with | nil => simp | cons _ _ ih => simp [ih, add_comm, add_left_comm, add_assoc] #align simple_graph.walk.length_append SimpleGraph.Walk.length_append @[simp] theorem length_concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : (p.concat h).length = p.length + 1 := length_append _ _ #align simple_graph.walk.length_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.length_concat @[simp] protected theorem length_reverseAux {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk u w) : (p.reverseAux q).length = p.length + q.length := by induction p with | nil => simp! | cons _ _ ih => simp [ih, Nat.succ_add, Nat.add_assoc] #align simple_graph.walk.length_reverse_aux SimpleGraph.Walk.length_reverseAux @[simp] theorem length_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.length = p.length := by simp [reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.length_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.length_reverse theorem eq_of_length_eq_zero {u v : V} : ∀ {p : G.Walk u v}, p.length = 0 → u = v | nil, _ => rfl #align simple_graph.walk.eq_of_length_eq_zero SimpleGraph.Walk.eq_of_length_eq_zero theorem adj_of_length_eq_one {u v : V} : ∀ {p : G.Walk u v}, p.length = 1 → G.Adj u v | cons h nil, _ => h @[simp] theorem exists_length_eq_zero_iff {u v : V} : (∃ p : G.Walk u v, p.length = 0) ↔ u = v := by constructor · rintro ⟨p, hp⟩ exact eq_of_length_eq_zero hp · rintro rfl exact ⟨nil, rfl⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.exists_length_eq_zero_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.exists_length_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem length_eq_zero_iff {u : V} {p : G.Walk u u} : p.length = 0 ↔ p = nil := by cases p <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.length_eq_zero_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.length_eq_zero_iff theorem getVert_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) (i : ℕ) : (p.append q).getVert i = if i < p.length then p.getVert i else q.getVert (i - p.length) := by induction p generalizing i with | nil => simp | cons h p ih => cases i <;> simp [getVert, ih, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff] theorem getVert_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (i : ℕ) : p.reverse.getVert i = p.getVert (p.length - i) := by induction p with | nil => rfl | cons h p ih => simp only [reverse_cons, getVert_append, length_reverse, ih, length_cons] split_ifs next hi => rw [Nat.succ_sub hi.le] simp [getVert] next hi => obtain rfl | hi' := Nat.eq_or_lt_of_not_lt hi · simp [getVert] · rw [Nat.eq_add_of_sub_eq (Nat.sub_pos_of_lt hi') rfl, Nat.sub_eq_zero_of_le hi'] simp [getVert] theorem concat_ne_nil {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v u) : p.concat h ≠ nil := by cases p <;> simp [concat] #align simple_graph.walk.concat_ne_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_ne_nil theorem concat_inj {u v v' w : V} {p : G.Walk u v} {h : G.Adj v w} {p' : G.Walk u v'} {h' : G.Adj v' w} (he : p.concat h = p'.concat h') : ∃ hv : v = v', p.copy rfl hv = p' := by induction p with | nil => cases p' · exact ⟨rfl, rfl⟩ · exfalso simp only [concat_nil, concat_cons, cons.injEq] at he obtain ⟨rfl, he⟩ := he simp only [heq_iff_eq] at he exact concat_ne_nil _ _ he.symm | cons _ _ ih => rw [concat_cons] at he cases p' · exfalso simp only [concat_nil, cons.injEq] at he obtain ⟨rfl, he⟩ := he rw [heq_iff_eq] at he exact concat_ne_nil _ _ he · rw [concat_cons, cons.injEq] at he obtain ⟨rfl, he⟩ := he rw [heq_iff_eq] at he obtain ⟨rfl, rfl⟩ := ih he exact ⟨rfl, rfl⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.concat_inj SimpleGraph.Walk.concat_inj def support {u v : V} : G.Walk u v → List V | nil => [u] | cons _ p => u :: p.support #align simple_graph.walk.support SimpleGraph.Walk.support def darts {u v : V} : G.Walk u v → List G.Dart | nil => [] | cons h p => ⟨(u, _), h⟩ :: p.darts #align simple_graph.walk.darts SimpleGraph.Walk.darts def edges {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : List (Sym2 V) := p.darts.map Dart.edge #align simple_graph.walk.edges SimpleGraph.Walk.edges @[simp] theorem support_nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).support = [u] := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.support_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.support_nil @[simp] theorem support_cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).support = u :: p.support := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.support_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.support_cons @[simp] theorem support_concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : (p.concat h).support = p.support.concat w := by induction p <;> simp [*, concat_nil] #align simple_graph.walk.support_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.support_concat @[simp] theorem support_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).support = p.support := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.support_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.support_copy theorem support_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : (p.append p').support = p.support ++ p'.support.tail := by induction p <;> cases p' <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.support_append SimpleGraph.Walk.support_append @[simp] theorem support_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.support = p.support.reverse := by induction p <;> simp [support_append, *] #align simple_graph.walk.support_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.support_reverse @[simp] theorem support_ne_nil {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.support ≠ [] := by cases p <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.support_ne_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.support_ne_nil theorem tail_support_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : (p.append p').support.tail = p.support.tail ++ p'.support.tail := by rw [support_append, List.tail_append_of_ne_nil _ _ (support_ne_nil _)] #align simple_graph.walk.tail_support_append SimpleGraph.Walk.tail_support_append theorem support_eq_cons {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.support = u :: p.support.tail := by cases p <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.support_eq_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.support_eq_cons @[simp] theorem start_mem_support {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : u ∈ p.support := by cases p <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.start_mem_support SimpleGraph.Walk.start_mem_support @[simp] theorem end_mem_support {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : v ∈ p.support := by induction p <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.end_mem_support SimpleGraph.Walk.end_mem_support @[simp] theorem support_nonempty {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : { w | w ∈ p.support }.Nonempty := ⟨u, by simp⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.support_nonempty SimpleGraph.Walk.support_nonempty theorem mem_support_iff {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : w ∈ p.support ↔ w = u ∨ w ∈ p.support.tail := by cases p <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.mem_support_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.mem_support_iff theorem mem_support_nil_iff {u v : V} : u ∈ (nil : G.Walk v v).support ↔ u = v := by simp #align simple_graph.walk.mem_support_nil_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.mem_support_nil_iff @[simp] theorem mem_tail_support_append_iff {t u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : t ∈ (p.append p').support.tail ↔ t ∈ p.support.tail ∨ t ∈ p'.support.tail := by rw [tail_support_append, List.mem_append] #align simple_graph.walk.mem_tail_support_append_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.mem_tail_support_append_iff @[simp] theorem end_mem_tail_support_of_ne {u v : V} (h : u ≠ v) (p : G.Walk u v) : v ∈ p.support.tail := by obtain ⟨_, _, _, rfl⟩ := exists_eq_cons_of_ne h p simp #align simple_graph.walk.end_mem_tail_support_of_ne SimpleGraph.Walk.end_mem_tail_support_of_ne @[simp, nolint unusedHavesSuffices] theorem mem_support_append_iff {t u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : t ∈ (p.append p').support ↔ t ∈ p.support ∨ t ∈ p'.support := by simp only [mem_support_iff, mem_tail_support_append_iff] obtain rfl | h := eq_or_ne t v <;> obtain rfl | h' := eq_or_ne t u <;> -- this `have` triggers the unusedHavesSuffices linter: (try have := h'.symm) <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.mem_support_append_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.mem_support_append_iff @[simp] theorem subset_support_append_left {V : Type u} {G : SimpleGraph V} {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) : p.support ⊆ (p.append q).support := by simp only [Walk.support_append, List.subset_append_left] #align simple_graph.walk.subset_support_append_left SimpleGraph.Walk.subset_support_append_left @[simp] theorem subset_support_append_right {V : Type u} {G : SimpleGraph V} {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (q : G.Walk v w) : q.support ⊆ (p.append q).support := by intro h simp (config := { contextual := true }) only [mem_support_append_iff, or_true_iff, imp_true_iff] #align simple_graph.walk.subset_support_append_right SimpleGraph.Walk.subset_support_append_right theorem coe_support {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : (p.support : Multiset V) = {u} + p.support.tail := by cases p <;> rfl #align simple_graph.walk.coe_support SimpleGraph.Walk.coe_support theorem coe_support_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : ((p.append p').support : Multiset V) = {u} + p.support.tail + p'.support.tail := by rw [support_append, ← Multiset.coe_add, coe_support] #align simple_graph.walk.coe_support_append SimpleGraph.Walk.coe_support_append theorem coe_support_append' [DecidableEq V] {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : ((p.append p').support : Multiset V) = p.support + p'.support - {v} := by rw [support_append, ← Multiset.coe_add] simp only [coe_support] rw [add_comm ({v} : Multiset V)] simp only [← add_assoc, add_tsub_cancel_right] #align simple_graph.walk.coe_support_append' SimpleGraph.Walk.coe_support_append' theorem chain_adj_support {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) : ∀ (p : G.Walk v w), List.Chain G.Adj u p.support | nil => List.Chain.cons h List.Chain.nil | cons h' p => List.Chain.cons h (chain_adj_support h' p) #align simple_graph.walk.chain_adj_support SimpleGraph.Walk.chain_adj_support theorem chain'_adj_support {u v : V} : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v), List.Chain' G.Adj p.support | nil => List.Chain.nil | cons h p => chain_adj_support h p #align simple_graph.walk.chain'_adj_support SimpleGraph.Walk.chain'_adj_support theorem chain_dartAdj_darts {d : G.Dart} {v w : V} (h : d.snd = v) (p : G.Walk v w) : List.Chain G.DartAdj d p.darts := by induction p generalizing d with | nil => exact List.Chain.nil -- Porting note: needed to defer `h` and `rfl` to help elaboration | cons h' p ih => exact List.Chain.cons (by exact h) (ih (by rfl)) #align simple_graph.walk.chain_dart_adj_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.chain_dartAdj_darts theorem chain'_dartAdj_darts {u v : V} : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v), List.Chain' G.DartAdj p.darts | nil => trivial -- Porting note: needed to defer `rfl` to help elaboration | cons h p => chain_dartAdj_darts (by rfl) p #align simple_graph.walk.chain'_dart_adj_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.chain'_dartAdj_darts theorem edges_subset_edgeSet {u v : V} : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v) ⦃e : Sym2 V⦄, e ∈ p.edges → e ∈ G.edgeSet | cons h' p', e, h => by cases h · exact h' next h' => exact edges_subset_edgeSet p' h' #align simple_graph.walk.edges_subset_edge_set SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_subset_edgeSet theorem adj_of_mem_edges {u v x y : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : s(x, y) ∈ p.edges) : G.Adj x y := edges_subset_edgeSet p h #align simple_graph.walk.adj_of_mem_edges SimpleGraph.Walk.adj_of_mem_edges @[simp] theorem darts_nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).darts = [] := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.darts_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_nil @[simp] theorem darts_cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).darts = ⟨(u, v), h⟩ :: p.darts := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.darts_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_cons @[simp] theorem darts_concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : (p.concat h).darts = p.darts.concat ⟨(v, w), h⟩ := by induction p <;> simp [*, concat_nil] #align simple_graph.walk.darts_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_concat @[simp] theorem darts_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).darts = p.darts := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.darts_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_copy @[simp] theorem darts_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : (p.append p').darts = p.darts ++ p'.darts := by induction p <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.darts_append SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_append @[simp] theorem darts_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.darts = (p.darts.map Dart.symm).reverse := by induction p <;> simp [*, Sym2.eq_swap] #align simple_graph.walk.darts_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_reverse theorem mem_darts_reverse {u v : V} {d : G.Dart} {p : G.Walk u v} : d ∈ p.reverse.darts ↔ d.symm ∈ p.darts := by simp #align simple_graph.walk.mem_darts_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.mem_darts_reverse theorem cons_map_snd_darts {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : (u :: p.darts.map (·.snd)) = p.support := by induction p <;> simp! [*] #align simple_graph.walk.cons_map_snd_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_map_snd_darts theorem map_snd_darts {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.darts.map (·.snd) = p.support.tail := by simpa using congr_arg List.tail (cons_map_snd_darts p) #align simple_graph.walk.map_snd_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.map_snd_darts theorem map_fst_darts_append {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.darts.map (·.fst) ++ [v] = p.support := by induction p <;> simp! [*] #align simple_graph.walk.map_fst_darts_append SimpleGraph.Walk.map_fst_darts_append theorem map_fst_darts {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.darts.map (·.fst) = p.support.dropLast := by simpa! using congr_arg List.dropLast (map_fst_darts_append p) #align simple_graph.walk.map_fst_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.map_fst_darts @[simp] theorem edges_nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).edges = [] := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.edges_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_nil @[simp] theorem edges_cons {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).edges = s(u, v) :: p.edges := rfl #align simple_graph.walk.edges_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_cons @[simp] theorem edges_concat {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : G.Adj v w) : (p.concat h).edges = p.edges.concat s(v, w) := by simp [edges] #align simple_graph.walk.edges_concat SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_concat @[simp] theorem edges_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).edges = p.edges := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.edges_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_copy @[simp] theorem edges_append {u v w : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (p' : G.Walk v w) : (p.append p').edges = p.edges ++ p'.edges := by simp [edges] #align simple_graph.walk.edges_append SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_append @[simp] theorem edges_reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.edges = p.edges.reverse := by simp [edges, List.map_reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.edges_reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_reverse @[simp] theorem length_support {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.support.length = p.length + 1 := by induction p <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.length_support SimpleGraph.Walk.length_support @[simp] theorem length_darts {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.darts.length = p.length := by induction p <;> simp [*] #align simple_graph.walk.length_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.length_darts @[simp] theorem length_edges {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.edges.length = p.length := by simp [edges] #align simple_graph.walk.length_edges SimpleGraph.Walk.length_edges theorem dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts {u v : V} : ∀ (p : G.Walk u v) {d : G.Dart}, d ∈ p.darts → d.fst ∈ p.support | cons h p', d, hd => by simp only [support_cons, darts_cons, List.mem_cons] at hd ⊢ rcases hd with (rfl | hd) · exact Or.inl rfl · exact Or.inr (dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts _ hd) #align simple_graph.walk.dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts theorem dart_snd_mem_support_of_mem_darts {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) {d : G.Dart} (h : d ∈ p.darts) : d.snd ∈ p.support := by simpa using p.reverse.dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts (by simp [h] : d.symm ∈ p.reverse.darts) #align simple_graph.walk.dart_snd_mem_support_of_mem_darts SimpleGraph.Walk.dart_snd_mem_support_of_mem_darts theorem fst_mem_support_of_mem_edges {t u v w : V} (p : G.Walk v w) (he : s(t, u) ∈ p.edges) : t ∈ p.support := by obtain ⟨d, hd, he⟩ := List.mem_map.mp he rw [dart_edge_eq_mk'_iff'] at he rcases he with (⟨rfl, rfl⟩ | ⟨rfl, rfl⟩) · exact dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts _ hd · exact dart_snd_mem_support_of_mem_darts _ hd #align simple_graph.walk.fst_mem_support_of_mem_edges SimpleGraph.Walk.fst_mem_support_of_mem_edges theorem snd_mem_support_of_mem_edges {t u v w : V} (p : G.Walk v w) (he : s(t, u) ∈ p.edges) : u ∈ p.support := by rw [Sym2.eq_swap] at he exact p.fst_mem_support_of_mem_edges he #align simple_graph.walk.snd_mem_support_of_mem_edges SimpleGraph.Walk.snd_mem_support_of_mem_edges theorem darts_nodup_of_support_nodup {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.support.Nodup) : p.darts.Nodup := by induction p with | nil => simp | cons _ p' ih => simp only [darts_cons, support_cons, List.nodup_cons] at h ⊢ exact ⟨fun h' => h.1 (dart_fst_mem_support_of_mem_darts p' h'), ih h.2⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.darts_nodup_of_support_nodup SimpleGraph.Walk.darts_nodup_of_support_nodup theorem edges_nodup_of_support_nodup {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.support.Nodup) : p.edges.Nodup := by induction p with | nil => simp | cons _ p' ih => simp only [edges_cons, support_cons, List.nodup_cons] at h ⊢ exact ⟨fun h' => h.1 (fst_mem_support_of_mem_edges p' h'), ih h.2⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.edges_nodup_of_support_nodup SimpleGraph.Walk.edges_nodup_of_support_nodup inductive Nil : {v w : V} → G.Walk v w → Prop | nil {u : V} : Nil (nil : G.Walk u u) variable {u v w : V} @[simp] lemma nil_nil : (nil : G.Walk u u).Nil := Nil.nil @[simp] lemma not_nil_cons {h : G.Adj u v} {p : G.Walk v w} : ¬ (cons h p).Nil := nofun instance (p : G.Walk v w) : Decidable p.Nil := match p with | nil => isTrue .nil | cons _ _ => isFalse nofun protected lemma Nil.eq {p : G.Walk v w} : p.Nil → v = w | .nil => rfl lemma not_nil_of_ne {p : G.Walk v w} : v ≠ w → ¬ p.Nil := mt Nil.eq lemma nil_iff_support_eq {p : G.Walk v w} : p.Nil ↔ p.support = [v] := by cases p <;> simp lemma nil_iff_length_eq {p : G.Walk v w} : p.Nil ↔ p.length = 0 := by cases p <;> simp lemma not_nil_iff {p : G.Walk v w} : ¬ p.Nil ↔ ∃ (u : V) (h : G.Adj v u) (q : G.Walk u w), p = cons h q := by cases p <;> simp [*] lemma nil_iff_eq_nil : ∀ {p : G.Walk v v}, p.Nil ↔ p = nil | .nil | .cons _ _ => by simp alias ⟨Nil.eq_nil, _⟩ := nil_iff_eq_nil @[elab_as_elim] def notNilRec {motive : {u w : V} → (p : G.Walk u w) → (h : ¬ p.Nil) → Sort*} (cons : {u v w : V} → (h : G.Adj u v) → (q : G.Walk v w) → motive (cons h q) not_nil_cons) (p : G.Walk u w) : (hp : ¬ p.Nil) → motive p hp := match p with | nil => fun hp => absurd .nil hp | .cons h q => fun _ => cons h q def sndOfNotNil (p : G.Walk v w) (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : V := p.notNilRec (@fun _ u _ _ _ => u) hp @[simp] lemma adj_sndOfNotNil {p : G.Walk v w} (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : G.Adj v (p.sndOfNotNil hp) := p.notNilRec (fun h _ => h) hp def tail (p : G.Walk u v) (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : G.Walk (p.sndOfNotNil hp) v := p.notNilRec (fun _ q => q) hp @[simps] def firstDart (p : G.Walk v w) (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : G.Dart where fst := v snd := p.sndOfNotNil hp adj := p.adj_sndOfNotNil hp lemma edge_firstDart (p : G.Walk v w) (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : (p.firstDart hp).edge = s(v, p.sndOfNotNil hp) := rfl variable {x y : V} -- TODO: rename to u, v, w instead? @[simp] lemma cons_tail_eq (p : G.Walk x y) (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : cons (p.adj_sndOfNotNil hp) (p.tail hp) = p := p.notNilRec (fun _ _ => rfl) hp @[simp] lemma cons_support_tail (p : G.Walk x y) (hp : ¬p.Nil) : x :: (p.tail hp).support = p.support := by rw [← support_cons, cons_tail_eq] @[simp] lemma length_tail_add_one {p : G.Walk x y} (hp : ¬ p.Nil) : (p.tail hp).length + 1 = p.length := by rw [← length_cons, cons_tail_eq] @[simp] lemma nil_copy {x' y' : V} {p : G.Walk x y} (hx : x = x') (hy : y = y') : (p.copy hx hy).Nil = p.Nil := by subst_vars; rfl @[simp] lemma support_tail (p : G.Walk v v) (hp) : (p.tail hp).support = p.support.tail := by rw [← cons_support_tail p hp, List.tail_cons] @[mk_iff isTrail_def] structure IsTrail {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : Prop where edges_nodup : p.edges.Nodup #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail_def SimpleGraph.Walk.isTrail_def structure IsPath {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) extends IsTrail p : Prop where support_nodup : p.support.Nodup #align simple_graph.walk.is_path SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath -- Porting note: used to use `extends to_trail : is_trail p` in structure protected lemma IsPath.isTrail {p : Walk G u v}(h : IsPath p) : IsTrail p := h.toIsTrail #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.to_trail SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.isTrail @[mk_iff isCircuit_def] structure IsCircuit {u : V} (p : G.Walk u u) extends IsTrail p : Prop where ne_nil : p ≠ nil #align simple_graph.walk.is_circuit SimpleGraph.Walk.IsCircuit #align simple_graph.walk.is_circuit_def SimpleGraph.Walk.isCircuit_def -- Porting note: used to use `extends to_trail : is_trail p` in structure protected lemma IsCircuit.isTrail {p : Walk G u u} (h : IsCircuit p) : IsTrail p := h.toIsTrail #align simple_graph.walk.is_circuit.to_trail SimpleGraph.Walk.IsCircuit.isTrail structure IsCycle {u : V} (p : G.Walk u u) extends IsCircuit p : Prop where support_nodup : p.support.tail.Nodup #align simple_graph.walk.is_cycle SimpleGraph.Walk.IsCycle -- Porting note: used to use `extends to_circuit : is_circuit p` in structure protected lemma IsCycle.isCircuit {p : Walk G u u} (h : IsCycle p) : IsCircuit p := h.toIsCircuit #align simple_graph.walk.is_cycle.to_circuit SimpleGraph.Walk.IsCycle.isCircuit @[simp] theorem isTrail_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).IsTrail ↔ p.IsTrail := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.isTrail_copy theorem IsPath.mk' {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.support.Nodup) : p.IsPath := ⟨⟨edges_nodup_of_support_nodup h⟩, h⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.mk' SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.mk' theorem isPath_def {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.IsPath ↔ p.support.Nodup := ⟨IsPath.support_nodup, IsPath.mk'⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_path_def SimpleGraph.Walk.isPath_def @[simp] theorem isPath_copy {u v u' v'} (p : G.Walk u v) (hu : u = u') (hv : v = v') : (p.copy hu hv).IsPath ↔ p.IsPath := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.is_path_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.isPath_copy @[simp] theorem isCircuit_copy {u u'} (p : G.Walk u u) (hu : u = u') : (p.copy hu hu).IsCircuit ↔ p.IsCircuit := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.is_circuit_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.isCircuit_copy lemma IsCircuit.not_nil {p : G.Walk v v} (hp : IsCircuit p) : ¬ p.Nil := (hp.ne_nil ·.eq_nil) theorem isCycle_def {u : V} (p : G.Walk u u) : p.IsCycle ↔ p.IsTrail ∧ p ≠ nil ∧ p.support.tail.Nodup := Iff.intro (fun h => ⟨h.1.1, h.1.2, h.2⟩) fun h => ⟨⟨h.1, h.2.1⟩, h.2.2⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_cycle_def SimpleGraph.Walk.isCycle_def @[simp] theorem isCycle_copy {u u'} (p : G.Walk u u) (hu : u = u') : (p.copy hu hu).IsCycle ↔ p.IsCycle := by subst_vars rfl #align simple_graph.walk.is_cycle_copy SimpleGraph.Walk.isCycle_copy lemma IsCycle.not_nil {p : G.Walk v v} (hp : IsCycle p) : ¬ p.Nil := (hp.ne_nil ·.eq_nil) @[simp] theorem IsTrail.nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).IsTrail := ⟨by simp [edges]⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.nil SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.nil theorem IsTrail.of_cons {u v w : V} {h : G.Adj u v} {p : G.Walk v w} : (cons h p).IsTrail → p.IsTrail := by simp [isTrail_def] #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.of_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.of_cons @[simp] theorem cons_isTrail_iff {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).IsTrail ↔ p.IsTrail ∧ s(u, v) ∉ p.edges := by simp [isTrail_def, and_comm] #align simple_graph.walk.cons_is_trail_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_isTrail_iff theorem IsTrail.reverse {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) (h : p.IsTrail) : p.reverse.IsTrail := by simpa [isTrail_def] using h #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.reverse @[simp] theorem reverse_isTrail_iff {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.IsTrail ↔ p.IsTrail := by constructor <;> · intro h convert h.reverse _ try rw [reverse_reverse] #align simple_graph.walk.reverse_is_trail_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.reverse_isTrail_iff theorem IsTrail.of_append_left {u v w : V} {p : G.Walk u v} {q : G.Walk v w} (h : (p.append q).IsTrail) : p.IsTrail := by rw [isTrail_def, edges_append, List.nodup_append] at h exact ⟨h.1⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.of_append_left SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.of_append_left theorem IsTrail.of_append_right {u v w : V} {p : G.Walk u v} {q : G.Walk v w} (h : (p.append q).IsTrail) : q.IsTrail := by rw [isTrail_def, edges_append, List.nodup_append] at h exact ⟨h.2.1⟩ #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.of_append_right SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.of_append_right theorem IsTrail.count_edges_le_one [DecidableEq V] {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.IsTrail) (e : Sym2 V) : p.edges.count e ≤ 1 := List.nodup_iff_count_le_one.mp h.edges_nodup e #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.count_edges_le_one SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.count_edges_le_one theorem IsTrail.count_edges_eq_one [DecidableEq V] {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.IsTrail) {e : Sym2 V} (he : e ∈ p.edges) : p.edges.count e = 1 := List.count_eq_one_of_mem h.edges_nodup he #align simple_graph.walk.is_trail.count_edges_eq_one SimpleGraph.Walk.IsTrail.count_edges_eq_one theorem IsPath.nil {u : V} : (nil : G.Walk u u).IsPath := by constructor <;> simp #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.nil SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.nil theorem IsPath.of_cons {u v w : V} {h : G.Adj u v} {p : G.Walk v w} : (cons h p).IsPath → p.IsPath := by simp [isPath_def] #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.of_cons SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.of_cons @[simp] theorem cons_isPath_iff {u v w : V} (h : G.Adj u v) (p : G.Walk v w) : (cons h p).IsPath ↔ p.IsPath ∧ u ∉ p.support := by constructor <;> simp (config := { contextual := true }) [isPath_def] #align simple_graph.walk.cons_is_path_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.cons_isPath_iff protected lemma IsPath.cons {p : Walk G v w} (hp : p.IsPath) (hu : u ∉ p.support) {h : G.Adj u v} : (cons h p).IsPath := (cons_isPath_iff _ _).2 ⟨hp, hu⟩ @[simp] theorem isPath_iff_eq_nil {u : V} (p : G.Walk u u) : p.IsPath ↔ p = nil := by cases p <;> simp [IsPath.nil] #align simple_graph.walk.is_path_iff_eq_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.isPath_iff_eq_nil theorem IsPath.reverse {u v : V} {p : G.Walk u v} (h : p.IsPath) : p.reverse.IsPath := by simpa [isPath_def] using h #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.reverse SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.reverse @[simp] theorem isPath_reverse_iff {u v : V} (p : G.Walk u v) : p.reverse.IsPath ↔ p.IsPath := by constructor <;> intro h <;> convert h.reverse; simp #align simple_graph.walk.is_path_reverse_iff SimpleGraph.Walk.isPath_reverse_iff theorem IsPath.of_append_left {u v w : V} {p : G.Walk u v} {q : G.Walk v w} : (p.append q).IsPath → p.IsPath := by simp only [isPath_def, support_append] exact List.Nodup.of_append_left #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.of_append_left SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.of_append_left theorem IsPath.of_append_right {u v w : V} {p : G.Walk u v} {q : G.Walk v w} (h : (p.append q).IsPath) : q.IsPath := by rw [← isPath_reverse_iff] at h ⊢ rw [reverse_append] at h apply h.of_append_left #align simple_graph.walk.is_path.of_append_right SimpleGraph.Walk.IsPath.of_append_right @[simp] theorem IsCycle.not_of_nil {u : V} : ¬(nil : G.Walk u u).IsCycle := fun h => h.ne_nil rfl #align simple_graph.walk.is_cycle.not_of_nil SimpleGraph.Walk.IsCycle.not_of_nil lemma IsCycle.ne_bot : ∀ {p : G.Walk u u}, p.IsCycle → G ≠ ⊥ | nil, hp => by cases hp.ne_nil rfl | cons h _, hp => by rintro rfl; exact h lemma IsCycle.three_le_length {v : V} {p : G.Walk v v} (hp : p.IsCycle) : 3 ≤ p.length := by have ⟨⟨hp, hp'⟩, _⟩ := hp match p with | .nil => simp at hp' | .cons h .nil => simp at h | .cons _ (.cons _ .nil) => simp at hp | .cons _ (.cons _ (.cons _ _)) => simp_rw [SimpleGraph.Walk.length_cons]; omega
Mathlib/Combinatorics/SimpleGraph/Connectivity.lean
1,131
1,136
theorem cons_isCycle_iff {u v : V} (p : G.Walk v u) (h : G.Adj u v) : (Walk.cons h p).IsCycle ↔ p.IsPath ∧ ¬s(u, v) ∈ p.edges := by
simp only [Walk.isCycle_def, Walk.isPath_def, Walk.isTrail_def, edges_cons, List.nodup_cons, support_cons, List.tail_cons] have : p.support.Nodup → p.edges.Nodup := edges_nodup_of_support_nodup tauto
import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Function.StronglyMeasurable.Lp import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.Bochner import Mathlib.Order.Filter.IndicatorFunction import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Function.StronglyMeasurable.Inner import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Function.LpSeminorm.Trim #align_import measure_theory.function.conditional_expectation.ae_measurable from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"d8bbb04e2d2a44596798a9207ceefc0fb236e41e" set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false open TopologicalSpace Filter open scoped ENNReal MeasureTheory namespace MeasureTheory def AEStronglyMeasurable' {α β} [TopologicalSpace β] (m : MeasurableSpace α) {_ : MeasurableSpace α} (f : α → β) (μ : Measure α) : Prop := ∃ g : α → β, StronglyMeasurable[m] g ∧ f =ᵐ[μ] g #align measure_theory.ae_strongly_measurable' MeasureTheory.AEStronglyMeasurable' namespace AEStronglyMeasurable' variable {α β 𝕜 : Type*} {m m0 : MeasurableSpace α} {μ : Measure α} [TopologicalSpace β] {f g : α → β} theorem congr (hf : AEStronglyMeasurable' m f μ) (hfg : f =ᵐ[μ] g) : AEStronglyMeasurable' m g μ := by obtain ⟨f', hf'_meas, hff'⟩ := hf; exact ⟨f', hf'_meas, hfg.symm.trans hff'⟩ #align measure_theory.ae_strongly_measurable'.congr MeasureTheory.AEStronglyMeasurable'.congr theorem mono {m'} (hf : AEStronglyMeasurable' m f μ) (hm : m ≤ m') : AEStronglyMeasurable' m' f μ := let ⟨f', hf'_meas, hff'⟩ := hf; ⟨f', hf'_meas.mono hm, hff'⟩
Mathlib/MeasureTheory/Function/ConditionalExpectation/AEMeasurable.lean
71
75
theorem add [Add β] [ContinuousAdd β] (hf : AEStronglyMeasurable' m f μ) (hg : AEStronglyMeasurable' m g μ) : AEStronglyMeasurable' m (f + g) μ := by
rcases hf with ⟨f', h_f'_meas, hff'⟩ rcases hg with ⟨g', h_g'_meas, hgg'⟩ exact ⟨f' + g', h_f'_meas.add h_g'_meas, hff'.add hgg'⟩
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Gaussian.GaussianIntegral import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.CauchyIntegral import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.Pi import Mathlib.Analysis.Fourier.FourierTransform open Real Set MeasureTheory Filter Asymptotics intervalIntegral open scoped Real Topology FourierTransform RealInnerProductSpace open Complex hiding exp continuous_exp abs_of_nonneg sq_abs noncomputable section namespace GaussianFourier variable {b : ℂ} def verticalIntegral (b : ℂ) (c T : ℝ) : ℂ := ∫ y : ℝ in (0 : ℝ)..c, I * (cexp (-b * (T + y * I) ^ 2) - cexp (-b * (T - y * I) ^ 2)) #align gaussian_fourier.vertical_integral GaussianFourier.verticalIntegral theorem norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I (b : ℂ) (c T : ℝ) : ‖cexp (-b * (T + c * I) ^ 2)‖ = exp (-(b.re * T ^ 2 - 2 * b.im * c * T - b.re * c ^ 2)) := by rw [Complex.norm_eq_abs, Complex.abs_exp, neg_mul, neg_re, ← re_add_im b] simp only [sq, re_add_im, mul_re, mul_im, add_re, add_im, ofReal_re, ofReal_im, I_re, I_im] ring_nf set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align gaussian_fourier.norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I GaussianFourier.norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I theorem norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I' (hb : b.re ≠ 0) (c T : ℝ) : ‖cexp (-b * (T + c * I) ^ 2)‖ = exp (-(b.re * (T - b.im * c / b.re) ^ 2 - c ^ 2 * (b.im ^ 2 / b.re + b.re))) := by have : b.re * T ^ 2 - 2 * b.im * c * T - b.re * c ^ 2 = b.re * (T - b.im * c / b.re) ^ 2 - c ^ 2 * (b.im ^ 2 / b.re + b.re) := by field_simp; ring rw [norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I, this] set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false in #align gaussian_fourier.norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I' GaussianFourier.norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I' theorem verticalIntegral_norm_le (hb : 0 < b.re) (c : ℝ) {T : ℝ} (hT : 0 ≤ T) : ‖verticalIntegral b c T‖ ≤ (2 : ℝ) * |c| * exp (-(b.re * T ^ 2 - (2 : ℝ) * |b.im| * |c| * T - b.re * c ^ 2)) := by -- first get uniform bound for integrand have vert_norm_bound : ∀ {T : ℝ}, 0 ≤ T → ∀ {c y : ℝ}, |y| ≤ |c| → ‖cexp (-b * (T + y * I) ^ 2)‖ ≤ exp (-(b.re * T ^ 2 - (2 : ℝ) * |b.im| * |c| * T - b.re * c ^ 2)) := by intro T hT c y hy rw [norm_cexp_neg_mul_sq_add_mul_I b] gcongr exp (- (_ - ?_ * _ - _ * ?_)) · (conv_lhs => rw [mul_assoc]); (conv_rhs => rw [mul_assoc]) gcongr _ * ?_ refine (le_abs_self _).trans ?_ rw [abs_mul] gcongr · rwa [sq_le_sq] -- now main proof apply (intervalIntegral.norm_integral_le_of_norm_le_const _).trans pick_goal 1 · rw [sub_zero] conv_lhs => simp only [mul_comm _ |c|] conv_rhs => conv => congr rw [mul_comm] rw [mul_assoc] · intro y hy have absy : |y| ≤ |c| := by rcases le_or_lt 0 c with (h | h) · rw [uIoc_of_le h] at hy rw [abs_of_nonneg h, abs_of_pos hy.1] exact hy.2 · rw [uIoc_of_lt h] at hy rw [abs_of_neg h, abs_of_nonpos hy.2, neg_le_neg_iff] exact hy.1.le rw [norm_mul, Complex.norm_eq_abs, abs_I, one_mul, two_mul] refine (norm_sub_le _ _).trans (add_le_add (vert_norm_bound hT absy) ?_) rw [← abs_neg y] at absy simpa only [neg_mul, ofReal_neg] using vert_norm_bound hT absy #align gaussian_fourier.vertical_integral_norm_le GaussianFourier.verticalIntegral_norm_le
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Gaussian/FourierTransform.lean
115
129
theorem tendsto_verticalIntegral (hb : 0 < b.re) (c : ℝ) : Tendsto (verticalIntegral b c) atTop (𝓝 0) := by
-- complete proof using squeeze theorem: rw [tendsto_zero_iff_norm_tendsto_zero] refine tendsto_of_tendsto_of_tendsto_of_le_of_le' tendsto_const_nhds ?_ (eventually_of_forall fun _ => norm_nonneg _) ((eventually_ge_atTop (0 : ℝ)).mp (eventually_of_forall fun T hT => verticalIntegral_norm_le hb c hT)) rw [(by ring : 0 = 2 * |c| * 0)] refine (tendsto_exp_atBot.comp (tendsto_neg_atTop_atBot.comp ?_)).const_mul _ apply tendsto_atTop_add_const_right simp_rw [sq, ← mul_assoc, ← sub_mul] refine Tendsto.atTop_mul_atTop (tendsto_atTop_add_const_right _ _ ?_) tendsto_id exact (tendsto_const_mul_atTop_of_pos hb).mpr tendsto_id
import Mathlib.Data.SetLike.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Finset.Preimage import Mathlib.ModelTheory.Semantics #align_import model_theory.definability from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" universe u v w u₁ namespace Set variable {M : Type w} (A : Set M) (L : FirstOrder.Language.{u, v}) [L.Structure M] open FirstOrder FirstOrder.Language FirstOrder.Language.Structure variable {α : Type u₁} {β : Type*} def Definable (s : Set (α → M)) : Prop := ∃ φ : L[[A]].Formula α, s = setOf φ.Realize #align set.definable Set.Definable variable {L} {A} {B : Set M} {s : Set (α → M)} theorem Definable.map_expansion {L' : FirstOrder.Language} [L'.Structure M] (h : A.Definable L s) (φ : L →ᴸ L') [φ.IsExpansionOn M] : A.Definable L' s := by obtain ⟨ψ, rfl⟩ := h refine ⟨(φ.addConstants A).onFormula ψ, ?_⟩ ext x simp only [mem_setOf_eq, LHom.realize_onFormula] #align set.definable.map_expansion Set.Definable.map_expansion theorem definable_iff_exists_formula_sum : A.Definable L s ↔ ∃ φ : L.Formula (A ⊕ α), s = {v | φ.Realize (Sum.elim (↑) v)} := by rw [Definable, Equiv.exists_congr_left (BoundedFormula.constantsVarsEquiv)] refine exists_congr (fun φ => iff_iff_eq.2 (congr_arg (s = ·) ?_)) ext simp only [Formula.Realize, BoundedFormula.constantsVarsEquiv, constantsOn, mk₂_Relations, BoundedFormula.mapTermRelEquiv_symm_apply, mem_setOf_eq] refine BoundedFormula.realize_mapTermRel_id ?_ (fun _ _ _ => rfl) intros simp only [Term.constantsVarsEquivLeft_symm_apply, Term.realize_varsToConstants, coe_con, Term.realize_relabel] congr ext a rcases a with (_ | _) | _ <;> rfl theorem empty_definable_iff : (∅ : Set M).Definable L s ↔ ∃ φ : L.Formula α, s = setOf φ.Realize := by rw [Definable, Equiv.exists_congr_left (LEquiv.addEmptyConstants L (∅ : Set M)).onFormula] simp [-constantsOn] #align set.empty_definable_iff Set.empty_definable_iff theorem definable_iff_empty_definable_with_params : A.Definable L s ↔ (∅ : Set M).Definable (L[[A]]) s := empty_definable_iff.symm #align set.definable_iff_empty_definable_with_params Set.definable_iff_empty_definable_with_params theorem Definable.mono (hAs : A.Definable L s) (hAB : A ⊆ B) : B.Definable L s := by rw [definable_iff_empty_definable_with_params] at * exact hAs.map_expansion (L.lhomWithConstantsMap (Set.inclusion hAB)) #align set.definable.mono Set.Definable.mono @[simp] theorem definable_empty : A.Definable L (∅ : Set (α → M)) := ⟨⊥, by ext simp⟩ #align set.definable_empty Set.definable_empty @[simp] theorem definable_univ : A.Definable L (univ : Set (α → M)) := ⟨⊤, by ext simp⟩ #align set.definable_univ Set.definable_univ @[simp] theorem Definable.inter {f g : Set (α → M)} (hf : A.Definable L f) (hg : A.Definable L g) : A.Definable L (f ∩ g) := by rcases hf with ⟨φ, rfl⟩ rcases hg with ⟨θ, rfl⟩ refine ⟨φ ⊓ θ, ?_⟩ ext simp #align set.definable.inter Set.Definable.inter @[simp] theorem Definable.union {f g : Set (α → M)} (hf : A.Definable L f) (hg : A.Definable L g) : A.Definable L (f ∪ g) := by rcases hf with ⟨φ, hφ⟩ rcases hg with ⟨θ, hθ⟩ refine ⟨φ ⊔ θ, ?_⟩ ext rw [hφ, hθ, mem_setOf_eq, Formula.realize_sup, mem_union, mem_setOf_eq, mem_setOf_eq] #align set.definable.union Set.Definable.union theorem definable_finset_inf {ι : Type*} {f : ι → Set (α → M)} (hf : ∀ i, A.Definable L (f i)) (s : Finset ι) : A.Definable L (s.inf f) := by classical refine Finset.induction definable_univ (fun i s _ h => ?_) s rw [Finset.inf_insert] exact (hf i).inter h #align set.definable_finset_inf Set.definable_finset_inf theorem definable_finset_sup {ι : Type*} {f : ι → Set (α → M)} (hf : ∀ i, A.Definable L (f i)) (s : Finset ι) : A.Definable L (s.sup f) := by classical refine Finset.induction definable_empty (fun i s _ h => ?_) s rw [Finset.sup_insert] exact (hf i).union h #align set.definable_finset_sup Set.definable_finset_sup theorem definable_finset_biInter {ι : Type*} {f : ι → Set (α → M)} (hf : ∀ i, A.Definable L (f i)) (s : Finset ι) : A.Definable L (⋂ i ∈ s, f i) := by rw [← Finset.inf_set_eq_iInter] exact definable_finset_inf hf s #align set.definable_finset_bInter Set.definable_finset_biInter theorem definable_finset_biUnion {ι : Type*} {f : ι → Set (α → M)} (hf : ∀ i, A.Definable L (f i)) (s : Finset ι) : A.Definable L (⋃ i ∈ s, f i) := by rw [← Finset.sup_set_eq_biUnion] exact definable_finset_sup hf s #align set.definable_finset_bUnion Set.definable_finset_biUnion @[simp]
Mathlib/ModelTheory/Definability.lean
154
158
theorem Definable.compl {s : Set (α → M)} (hf : A.Definable L s) : A.Definable L sᶜ := by
rcases hf with ⟨φ, hφ⟩ refine ⟨φ.not, ?_⟩ ext v rw [hφ, compl_setOf, mem_setOf, mem_setOf, Formula.realize_not]
import Mathlib.FieldTheory.IsAlgClosed.AlgebraicClosure import Mathlib.FieldTheory.Galois universe u v w open scoped Classical Polynomial open Polynomial variable (k : Type u) [Field k] (K : Type v) [Field K] class IsSepClosed : Prop where splits_of_separable : ∀ p : k[X], p.Separable → (p.Splits <| RingHom.id k) instance IsSepClosed.of_isAlgClosed [IsAlgClosed k] : IsSepClosed k := ⟨fun p _ ↦ IsAlgClosed.splits p⟩ variable {k} {K} theorem IsSepClosed.splits_codomain [IsSepClosed K] {f : k →+* K} (p : k[X]) (h : p.Separable) : p.Splits f := by convert IsSepClosed.splits_of_separable (p.map f) (Separable.map h); simp [splits_map_iff] theorem IsSepClosed.splits_domain [IsSepClosed k] {f : k →+* K} (p : k[X]) (h : p.Separable) : p.Splits f := Polynomial.splits_of_splits_id _ <| IsSepClosed.splits_of_separable _ h namespace IsSepClosed theorem exists_root [IsSepClosed k] (p : k[X]) (hp : p.degree ≠ 0) (hsep : p.Separable) : ∃ x, IsRoot p x := exists_root_of_splits _ (IsSepClosed.splits_of_separable p hsep) hp variable (k) in instance (priority := 100) isAlgClosed_of_perfectField [IsSepClosed k] [PerfectField k] : IsAlgClosed k := IsAlgClosed.of_exists_root k fun p _ h ↦ exists_root p ((degree_pos_of_irreducible h).ne') (PerfectField.separable_of_irreducible h) theorem exists_pow_nat_eq [IsSepClosed k] (x : k) (n : ℕ) [hn : NeZero (n : k)] : ∃ z, z ^ n = x := by have hn' : 0 < n := Nat.pos_of_ne_zero fun h => by rw [h, Nat.cast_zero] at hn exact hn.out rfl have : degree (X ^ n - C x) ≠ 0 := by rw [degree_X_pow_sub_C hn' x] exact (WithBot.coe_lt_coe.2 hn').ne' by_cases hx : x = 0 · exact ⟨0, by rw [hx, pow_eq_zero_iff hn'.ne']⟩ · obtain ⟨z, hz⟩ := exists_root _ this <| separable_X_pow_sub_C x hn.out hx use z simpa [eval_C, eval_X, eval_pow, eval_sub, IsRoot.def, sub_eq_zero] using hz theorem exists_eq_mul_self [IsSepClosed k] (x : k) [h2 : NeZero (2 : k)] : ∃ z, x = z * z := by rcases exists_pow_nat_eq x 2 with ⟨z, rfl⟩ exact ⟨z, sq z⟩ theorem roots_eq_zero_iff [IsSepClosed k] {p : k[X]} (hsep : p.Separable) : p.roots = 0 ↔ p = Polynomial.C (p.coeff 0) := by refine ⟨fun h => ?_, fun hp => by rw [hp, roots_C]⟩ rcases le_or_lt (degree p) 0 with hd | hd · exact eq_C_of_degree_le_zero hd · obtain ⟨z, hz⟩ := IsSepClosed.exists_root p hd.ne' hsep rw [← mem_roots (ne_zero_of_degree_gt hd), h] at hz simp at hz theorem exists_eval₂_eq_zero [IsSepClosed K] (f : k →+* K) (p : k[X]) (hp : p.degree ≠ 0) (hsep : p.Separable) : ∃ x, p.eval₂ f x = 0 := let ⟨x, hx⟩ := exists_root (p.map f) (by rwa [degree_map_eq_of_injective f.injective]) (Separable.map hsep) ⟨x, by rwa [eval₂_eq_eval_map, ← IsRoot]⟩ variable (K) theorem exists_aeval_eq_zero [IsSepClosed K] [Algebra k K] (p : k[X]) (hp : p.degree ≠ 0) (hsep : p.Separable) : ∃ x : K, aeval x p = 0 := exists_eval₂_eq_zero (algebraMap k K) p hp hsep variable (k) {K}
Mathlib/FieldTheory/IsSepClosed.lean
146
160
theorem of_exists_root (H : ∀ p : k[X], p.Monic → Irreducible p → Separable p → ∃ x, p.eval x = 0) : IsSepClosed k := by
refine ⟨fun p hsep ↦ Or.inr ?_⟩ intro q hq hdvd simp only [map_id] at hdvd have hlc : IsUnit (leadingCoeff q)⁻¹ := IsUnit.inv <| Ne.isUnit <| leadingCoeff_ne_zero.2 <| Irreducible.ne_zero hq have hsep' : Separable (q * C (leadingCoeff q)⁻¹) := Separable.mul (Separable.of_dvd hsep hdvd) ((separable_C _).2 hlc) (by simpa only [← isCoprime_mul_unit_right_right (isUnit_C.2 hlc) q 1, one_mul] using isCoprime_one_right (x := q)) have hirr' := hq rw [← irreducible_mul_isUnit (isUnit_C.2 hlc)] at hirr' obtain ⟨x, hx⟩ := H (q * C (leadingCoeff q)⁻¹) (monic_mul_leadingCoeff_inv hq.ne_zero) hirr' hsep' exact degree_mul_leadingCoeff_inv q hq.ne_zero ▸ degree_eq_one_of_irreducible_of_root hirr' hx
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Sites.Sieves #align_import category_theory.sites.sheaf_of_types from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"70fd9563a21e7b963887c9360bd29b2393e6225a" universe w v₁ v₂ u₁ u₂ namespace CategoryTheory open Opposite CategoryTheory Category Limits Sieve namespace Presieve variable {C : Type u₁} [Category.{v₁} C] variable {P Q U : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type w} variable {X Y : C} {S : Sieve X} {R : Presieve X} def FamilyOfElements (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type w) (R : Presieve X) := ∀ ⦃Y : C⦄ (f : Y ⟶ X), R f → P.obj (op Y) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements instance : Inhabited (FamilyOfElements P (⊥ : Presieve X)) := ⟨fun _ _ => False.elim⟩ def FamilyOfElements.restrict {R₁ R₂ : Presieve X} (h : R₁ ≤ R₂) : FamilyOfElements P R₂ → FamilyOfElements P R₁ := fun x _ f hf => x f (h _ hf) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.restrict CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.restrict def FamilyOfElements.map (p : FamilyOfElements P R) (φ : P ⟶ Q) : FamilyOfElements Q R := fun _ f hf => φ.app _ (p f hf) @[simp] lemma FamilyOfElements.map_apply (p : FamilyOfElements P R) (φ : P ⟶ Q) {Y : C} (f : Y ⟶ X) (hf : R f) : p.map φ f hf = φ.app _ (p f hf) := rfl lemma FamilyOfElements.restrict_map (p : FamilyOfElements P R) (φ : P ⟶ Q) {R' : Presieve X} (h : R' ≤ R) : (p.restrict h).map φ = (p.map φ).restrict h := rfl def FamilyOfElements.Compatible (x : FamilyOfElements P R) : Prop := ∀ ⦃Y₁ Y₂ Z⦄ (g₁ : Z ⟶ Y₁) (g₂ : Z ⟶ Y₂) ⦃f₁ : Y₁ ⟶ X⦄ ⦃f₂ : Y₂ ⟶ X⦄ (h₁ : R f₁) (h₂ : R f₂), g₁ ≫ f₁ = g₂ ≫ f₂ → P.map g₁.op (x f₁ h₁) = P.map g₂.op (x f₂ h₂) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.Compatible def FamilyOfElements.PullbackCompatible (x : FamilyOfElements P R) [R.hasPullbacks] : Prop := ∀ ⦃Y₁ Y₂⦄ ⦃f₁ : Y₁ ⟶ X⦄ ⦃f₂ : Y₂ ⟶ X⦄ (h₁ : R f₁) (h₂ : R f₂), haveI := hasPullbacks.has_pullbacks h₁ h₂ P.map (pullback.fst : Limits.pullback f₁ f₂ ⟶ _).op (x f₁ h₁) = P.map pullback.snd.op (x f₂ h₂) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.pullback_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.PullbackCompatible theorem pullbackCompatible_iff (x : FamilyOfElements P R) [R.hasPullbacks] : x.Compatible ↔ x.PullbackCompatible := by constructor · intro t Y₁ Y₂ f₁ f₂ hf₁ hf₂ apply t haveI := hasPullbacks.has_pullbacks hf₁ hf₂ apply pullback.condition · intro t Y₁ Y₂ Z g₁ g₂ f₁ f₂ hf₁ hf₂ comm haveI := hasPullbacks.has_pullbacks hf₁ hf₂ rw [← pullback.lift_fst _ _ comm, op_comp, FunctorToTypes.map_comp_apply, t hf₁ hf₂, ← FunctorToTypes.map_comp_apply, ← op_comp, pullback.lift_snd] #align category_theory.presieve.pullback_compatible_iff CategoryTheory.Presieve.pullbackCompatible_iff theorem FamilyOfElements.Compatible.restrict {R₁ R₂ : Presieve X} (h : R₁ ≤ R₂) {x : FamilyOfElements P R₂} : x.Compatible → (x.restrict h).Compatible := fun q _ _ _ g₁ g₂ _ _ h₁ h₂ comm => q g₁ g₂ (h _ h₁) (h _ h₂) comm #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.compatible.restrict CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.Compatible.restrict noncomputable def FamilyOfElements.sieveExtend (x : FamilyOfElements P R) : FamilyOfElements P (generate R : Presieve X) := fun _ _ hf => P.map hf.choose_spec.choose.op (x _ hf.choose_spec.choose_spec.choose_spec.1) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.sieve_extend CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.sieveExtend theorem FamilyOfElements.Compatible.sieveExtend {x : FamilyOfElements P R} (hx : x.Compatible) : x.sieveExtend.Compatible := by intro _ _ _ _ _ _ _ h₁ h₂ comm iterate 2 erw [← FunctorToTypes.map_comp_apply]; rw [← op_comp] apply hx simp [comm, h₁.choose_spec.choose_spec.choose_spec.2, h₂.choose_spec.choose_spec.choose_spec.2] #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.compatible.sieve_extend CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.Compatible.sieveExtend theorem extend_agrees {x : FamilyOfElements P R} (t : x.Compatible) {f : Y ⟶ X} (hf : R f) : x.sieveExtend f (le_generate R Y hf) = x f hf := by have h := (le_generate R Y hf).choose_spec unfold FamilyOfElements.sieveExtend rw [t h.choose (𝟙 _) _ hf _] · simp · rw [id_comp] exact h.choose_spec.choose_spec.2 #align category_theory.presieve.extend_agrees CategoryTheory.Presieve.extend_agrees @[simp] theorem restrict_extend {x : FamilyOfElements P R} (t : x.Compatible) : x.sieveExtend.restrict (le_generate R) = x := by funext Y f hf exact extend_agrees t hf #align category_theory.presieve.restrict_extend CategoryTheory.Presieve.restrict_extend def FamilyOfElements.SieveCompatible (x : FamilyOfElements P (S : Presieve X)) : Prop := ∀ ⦃Y Z⦄ (f : Y ⟶ X) (g : Z ⟶ Y) (hf), x (g ≫ f) (S.downward_closed hf g) = P.map g.op (x f hf) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.sieve_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.SieveCompatible theorem compatible_iff_sieveCompatible (x : FamilyOfElements P (S : Presieve X)) : x.Compatible ↔ x.SieveCompatible := by constructor · intro h Y Z f g hf simpa using h (𝟙 _) g (S.downward_closed hf g) hf (id_comp _) · intro h Y₁ Y₂ Z g₁ g₂ f₁ f₂ h₁ h₂ k simp_rw [← h f₁ g₁ h₁, ← h f₂ g₂ h₂] congr #align category_theory.presieve.compatible_iff_sieve_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.compatible_iff_sieveCompatible theorem FamilyOfElements.Compatible.to_sieveCompatible {x : FamilyOfElements P (S : Presieve X)} (t : x.Compatible) : x.SieveCompatible := (compatible_iff_sieveCompatible x).1 t #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.compatible.to_sieve_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.Compatible.to_sieveCompatible @[simp] theorem extend_restrict {x : FamilyOfElements P (generate R)} (t : x.Compatible) : (x.restrict (le_generate R)).sieveExtend = x := by rw [compatible_iff_sieveCompatible] at t funext _ _ h apply (t _ _ _).symm.trans congr exact h.choose_spec.choose_spec.choose_spec.2 #align category_theory.presieve.extend_restrict CategoryTheory.Presieve.extend_restrict theorem restrict_inj {x₁ x₂ : FamilyOfElements P (generate R)} (t₁ : x₁.Compatible) (t₂ : x₂.Compatible) : x₁.restrict (le_generate R) = x₂.restrict (le_generate R) → x₁ = x₂ := fun h => by rw [← extend_restrict t₁, ← extend_restrict t₂] -- Porting note: congr fails to make progress apply congr_arg exact h #align category_theory.presieve.restrict_inj CategoryTheory.Presieve.restrict_inj @[simps] noncomputable def compatibleEquivGenerateSieveCompatible : { x : FamilyOfElements P R // x.Compatible } ≃ { x : FamilyOfElements P (generate R : Presieve X) // x.Compatible } where toFun x := ⟨x.1.sieveExtend, x.2.sieveExtend⟩ invFun x := ⟨x.1.restrict (le_generate R), x.2.restrict _⟩ left_inv x := Subtype.ext (restrict_extend x.2) right_inv x := Subtype.ext (extend_restrict x.2) #align category_theory.presieve.compatible_equiv_generate_sieve_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.compatibleEquivGenerateSieveCompatible theorem FamilyOfElements.comp_of_compatible (S : Sieve X) {x : FamilyOfElements P S} (t : x.Compatible) {f : Y ⟶ X} (hf : S f) {Z} (g : Z ⟶ Y) : x (g ≫ f) (S.downward_closed hf g) = P.map g.op (x f hf) := by simpa using t (𝟙 _) g (S.downward_closed hf g) hf (id_comp _) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.comp_of_compatible CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.comp_of_compatible noncomputable def FamilyOfElements.functorPushforward {D : Type u₂} [Category.{v₂} D] (F : D ⥤ C) {X : D} {T : Presieve X} (x : FamilyOfElements (F.op ⋙ P) T) : FamilyOfElements P (T.functorPushforward F) := fun Y f h => by obtain ⟨Z, g, h, h₁, _⟩ := getFunctorPushforwardStructure h exact P.map h.op (x g h₁) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.functor_pushforward CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.functorPushforward def FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap (f : P ⟶ Q) (x : FamilyOfElements P R) : FamilyOfElements Q R := fun Y g hg => f.app (op Y) (x g hg) #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.comp_presheaf_map CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap @[simp] theorem FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap_id (x : FamilyOfElements P R) : x.compPresheafMap (𝟙 P) = x := rfl #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.comp_presheaf_map_id CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap_id @[simp] theorem FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap_comp (x : FamilyOfElements P R) (f : P ⟶ Q) (g : Q ⟶ U) : (x.compPresheafMap f).compPresheafMap g = x.compPresheafMap (f ≫ g) := rfl #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.comp_prersheaf_map_comp CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap_comp theorem FamilyOfElements.Compatible.compPresheafMap (f : P ⟶ Q) {x : FamilyOfElements P R} (h : x.Compatible) : (x.compPresheafMap f).Compatible := by intro Z₁ Z₂ W g₁ g₂ f₁ f₂ h₁ h₂ eq unfold FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap rwa [← FunctorToTypes.naturality, ← FunctorToTypes.naturality, h] #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.compatible.comp_presheaf_map CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.Compatible.compPresheafMap def FamilyOfElements.IsAmalgamation (x : FamilyOfElements P R) (t : P.obj (op X)) : Prop := ∀ ⦃Y : C⦄ (f : Y ⟶ X) (h : R f), P.map f.op t = x f h #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.is_amalgamation CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.IsAmalgamation theorem FamilyOfElements.IsAmalgamation.compPresheafMap {x : FamilyOfElements P R} {t} (f : P ⟶ Q) (h : x.IsAmalgamation t) : (x.compPresheafMap f).IsAmalgamation (f.app (op X) t) := by intro Y g hg dsimp [FamilyOfElements.compPresheafMap] change (f.app _ ≫ Q.map _) _ = _ rw [← f.naturality, types_comp_apply, h g hg] #align category_theory.presieve.family_of_elements.is_amalgamation.comp_presheaf_map CategoryTheory.Presieve.FamilyOfElements.IsAmalgamation.compPresheafMap theorem is_compatible_of_exists_amalgamation (x : FamilyOfElements P R) (h : ∃ t, x.IsAmalgamation t) : x.Compatible := by cases' h with t ht intro Y₁ Y₂ Z g₁ g₂ f₁ f₂ h₁ h₂ comm rw [← ht _ h₁, ← ht _ h₂, ← FunctorToTypes.map_comp_apply, ← op_comp, comm] simp #align category_theory.presieve.is_compatible_of_exists_amalgamation CategoryTheory.Presieve.is_compatible_of_exists_amalgamation theorem isAmalgamation_restrict {R₁ R₂ : Presieve X} (h : R₁ ≤ R₂) (x : FamilyOfElements P R₂) (t : P.obj (op X)) (ht : x.IsAmalgamation t) : (x.restrict h).IsAmalgamation t := fun Y f hf => ht f (h Y hf) #align category_theory.presieve.is_amalgamation_restrict CategoryTheory.Presieve.isAmalgamation_restrict theorem isAmalgamation_sieveExtend {R : Presieve X} (x : FamilyOfElements P R) (t : P.obj (op X)) (ht : x.IsAmalgamation t) : x.sieveExtend.IsAmalgamation t := by intro Y f hf dsimp [FamilyOfElements.sieveExtend] rw [← ht _, ← FunctorToTypes.map_comp_apply, ← op_comp, hf.choose_spec.choose_spec.choose_spec.2] #align category_theory.presieve.is_amalgamation_sieve_extend CategoryTheory.Presieve.isAmalgamation_sieveExtend def IsSeparatedFor (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type w) (R : Presieve X) : Prop := ∀ (x : FamilyOfElements P R) (t₁ t₂), x.IsAmalgamation t₁ → x.IsAmalgamation t₂ → t₁ = t₂ #align category_theory.presieve.is_separated_for CategoryTheory.Presieve.IsSeparatedFor theorem IsSeparatedFor.ext {R : Presieve X} (hR : IsSeparatedFor P R) {t₁ t₂ : P.obj (op X)} (h : ∀ ⦃Y⦄ ⦃f : Y ⟶ X⦄ (_ : R f), P.map f.op t₁ = P.map f.op t₂) : t₁ = t₂ := hR (fun _ f _ => P.map f.op t₂) t₁ t₂ (fun _ _ hf => h hf) fun _ _ _ => rfl #align category_theory.presieve.is_separated_for.ext CategoryTheory.Presieve.IsSeparatedFor.ext theorem isSeparatedFor_iff_generate : IsSeparatedFor P R ↔ IsSeparatedFor P (generate R : Presieve X) := by constructor · intro h x t₁ t₂ ht₁ ht₂ apply h (x.restrict (le_generate R)) t₁ t₂ _ _ · exact isAmalgamation_restrict _ x t₁ ht₁ · exact isAmalgamation_restrict _ x t₂ ht₂ · intro h x t₁ t₂ ht₁ ht₂ apply h x.sieveExtend · exact isAmalgamation_sieveExtend x t₁ ht₁ · exact isAmalgamation_sieveExtend x t₂ ht₂ #align category_theory.presieve.is_separated_for_iff_generate CategoryTheory.Presieve.isSeparatedFor_iff_generate theorem isSeparatedFor_top (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type w) : IsSeparatedFor P (⊤ : Presieve X) := fun x t₁ t₂ h₁ h₂ => by have q₁ := h₁ (𝟙 X) (by tauto) have q₂ := h₂ (𝟙 X) (by tauto) simp only [op_id, FunctorToTypes.map_id_apply] at q₁ q₂ rw [q₁, q₂] #align category_theory.presieve.is_separated_for_top CategoryTheory.Presieve.isSeparatedFor_top def IsSheafFor (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type w) (R : Presieve X) : Prop := ∀ x : FamilyOfElements P R, x.Compatible → ∃! t, x.IsAmalgamation t #align category_theory.presieve.is_sheaf_for CategoryTheory.Presieve.IsSheafFor def YonedaSheafCondition (P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type v₁) (S : Sieve X) : Prop := ∀ f : S.functor ⟶ P, ∃! g, S.functorInclusion ≫ g = f #align category_theory.presieve.yoneda_sheaf_condition CategoryTheory.Presieve.YonedaSheafCondition -- TODO: We can generalize the universe parameter v₁ above by composing with -- appropriate `ulift_functor`s. def natTransEquivCompatibleFamily {P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type v₁} : (S.functor ⟶ P) ≃ { x : FamilyOfElements P (S : Presieve X) // x.Compatible } where toFun α := by refine ⟨fun Y f hf => ?_, ?_⟩ · apply α.app (op Y) ⟨_, hf⟩ · rw [compatible_iff_sieveCompatible] intro Y Z f g hf dsimp rw [← FunctorToTypes.naturality _ _ α g.op] rfl invFun t := { app := fun Y f => t.1 _ f.2 naturality := fun Y Z g => by ext ⟨f, hf⟩ apply t.2.to_sieveCompatible _ } left_inv α := by ext X ⟨_, _⟩ rfl right_inv := by rintro ⟨x, hx⟩ rfl #align category_theory.presieve.nat_trans_equiv_compatible_family CategoryTheory.Presieve.natTransEquivCompatibleFamily theorem extension_iff_amalgamation {P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type v₁} (x : S.functor ⟶ P) (g : yoneda.obj X ⟶ P) : S.functorInclusion ≫ g = x ↔ (natTransEquivCompatibleFamily x).1.IsAmalgamation (yonedaEquiv g) := by change _ ↔ ∀ ⦃Y : C⦄ (f : Y ⟶ X) (h : S f), P.map f.op (yonedaEquiv g) = x.app (op Y) ⟨f, h⟩ constructor · rintro rfl Y f hf rw [yonedaEquiv_naturality] dsimp simp [yonedaEquiv_apply] -- See note [dsimp, simp]. · intro h ext Y ⟨f, hf⟩ convert h f hf rw [yonedaEquiv_naturality] dsimp [yonedaEquiv] simp #align category_theory.presieve.extension_iff_amalgamation CategoryTheory.Presieve.extension_iff_amalgamation
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Sites/IsSheafFor.lean
516
525
theorem isSheafFor_iff_yonedaSheafCondition {P : Cᵒᵖ ⥤ Type v₁} : IsSheafFor P (S : Presieve X) ↔ YonedaSheafCondition P S := by
rw [IsSheafFor, YonedaSheafCondition] simp_rw [extension_iff_amalgamation] rw [Equiv.forall_congr_left' natTransEquivCompatibleFamily] rw [Subtype.forall] apply forall₂_congr intro x hx rw [Equiv.exists_unique_congr_left _] simp
import Mathlib.Data.W.Basic import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Ordinal #align_import data.W.cardinal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"6eeb941cf39066417a09b1bbc6e74761cadfcb1a" universe u v variable {α : Type u} {β : α → Type v} noncomputable section namespace WType open Cardinal -- Porting note: `W` is a special name, exceptionally in upper case in Lean3 set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false theorem cardinal_mk_eq_sum' : #(WType β) = sum (fun a : α => #(WType β) ^ lift.{u} #(β a)) := (mk_congr <| equivSigma β).trans <| by simp_rw [mk_sigma, mk_arrow]; rw [lift_id'.{v, u}, lift_umax.{v, u}]
Mathlib/Data/W/Cardinal.lean
46
54
theorem cardinal_mk_le_of_le' {κ : Cardinal.{max u v}} (hκ : (sum fun a : α => κ ^ lift.{u} #(β a)) ≤ κ) : #(WType β) ≤ κ := by
induction' κ using Cardinal.inductionOn with γ simp_rw [← lift_umax.{v, u}] at hκ nth_rewrite 1 [← lift_id'.{v, u} #γ] at hκ simp_rw [← mk_arrow, ← mk_sigma, le_def] at hκ cases' hκ with hκ exact Cardinal.mk_le_of_injective (elim_injective _ hκ.1 hκ.2)
import Mathlib.Init.Data.Sigma.Lex import Mathlib.Data.Prod.Lex import Mathlib.Data.Sigma.Lex import Mathlib.Order.Antichain import Mathlib.Order.OrderIsoNat import Mathlib.Order.WellFounded import Mathlib.Tactic.TFAE #align_import order.well_founded_set from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"2c84c2c5496117349007d97104e7bbb471381592" variable {ι α β γ : Type*} {π : ι → Type*} namespace Set def WellFoundedOn (s : Set α) (r : α → α → Prop) : Prop := WellFounded fun a b : s => r a b #align set.well_founded_on Set.WellFoundedOn @[simp] theorem wellFoundedOn_empty (r : α → α → Prop) : WellFoundedOn ∅ r := wellFounded_of_isEmpty _ #align set.well_founded_on_empty Set.wellFoundedOn_empty def PartiallyWellOrderedOn (s : Set α) (r : α → α → Prop) : Prop := ∀ f : ℕ → α, (∀ n, f n ∈ s) → ∃ m n : ℕ, m < n ∧ r (f m) (f n) #align set.partially_well_ordered_on Set.PartiallyWellOrderedOn section PartiallyWellOrderedOn variable {r : α → α → Prop} {r' : β → β → Prop} {f : α → β} {s : Set α} {t : Set α} {a : α} theorem PartiallyWellOrderedOn.mono (ht : t.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) (h : s ⊆ t) : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r := fun f hf => ht f fun n => h <| hf n #align set.partially_well_ordered_on.mono Set.PartiallyWellOrderedOn.mono @[simp] theorem partiallyWellOrderedOn_empty (r : α → α → Prop) : PartiallyWellOrderedOn ∅ r := fun _ h => (h 0).elim #align set.partially_well_ordered_on_empty Set.partiallyWellOrderedOn_empty theorem PartiallyWellOrderedOn.union (hs : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) (ht : t.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) : (s ∪ t).PartiallyWellOrderedOn r := by rintro f hf rcases Nat.exists_subseq_of_forall_mem_union f hf with ⟨g, hgs | hgt⟩ · rcases hs _ hgs with ⟨m, n, hlt, hr⟩ exact ⟨g m, g n, g.strictMono hlt, hr⟩ · rcases ht _ hgt with ⟨m, n, hlt, hr⟩ exact ⟨g m, g n, g.strictMono hlt, hr⟩ #align set.partially_well_ordered_on.union Set.PartiallyWellOrderedOn.union @[simp] theorem partiallyWellOrderedOn_union : (s ∪ t).PartiallyWellOrderedOn r ↔ s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r ∧ t.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r := ⟨fun h => ⟨h.mono subset_union_left, h.mono subset_union_right⟩, fun h => h.1.union h.2⟩ #align set.partially_well_ordered_on_union Set.partiallyWellOrderedOn_union theorem PartiallyWellOrderedOn.image_of_monotone_on (hs : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) (hf : ∀ a₁ ∈ s, ∀ a₂ ∈ s, r a₁ a₂ → r' (f a₁) (f a₂)) : (f '' s).PartiallyWellOrderedOn r' := by intro g' hg' choose g hgs heq using hg' obtain rfl : f ∘ g = g' := funext heq obtain ⟨m, n, hlt, hmn⟩ := hs g hgs exact ⟨m, n, hlt, hf _ (hgs m) _ (hgs n) hmn⟩ #align set.partially_well_ordered_on.image_of_monotone_on Set.PartiallyWellOrderedOn.image_of_monotone_on theorem _root_.IsAntichain.finite_of_partiallyWellOrderedOn (ha : IsAntichain r s) (hp : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) : s.Finite := by refine not_infinite.1 fun hi => ?_ obtain ⟨m, n, hmn, h⟩ := hp (fun n => hi.natEmbedding _ n) fun n => (hi.natEmbedding _ n).2 exact hmn.ne ((hi.natEmbedding _).injective <| Subtype.val_injective <| ha.eq (hi.natEmbedding _ m).2 (hi.natEmbedding _ n).2 h) #align is_antichain.finite_of_partially_well_ordered_on IsAntichain.finite_of_partiallyWellOrderedOn section IsRefl variable [IsRefl α r] protected theorem Finite.partiallyWellOrderedOn (hs : s.Finite) : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r := by intro f hf obtain ⟨m, n, hmn, h⟩ := hs.exists_lt_map_eq_of_forall_mem hf exact ⟨m, n, hmn, h.subst <| refl (f m)⟩ #align set.finite.partially_well_ordered_on Set.Finite.partiallyWellOrderedOn theorem _root_.IsAntichain.partiallyWellOrderedOn_iff (hs : IsAntichain r s) : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r ↔ s.Finite := ⟨hs.finite_of_partiallyWellOrderedOn, Finite.partiallyWellOrderedOn⟩ #align is_antichain.partially_well_ordered_on_iff IsAntichain.partiallyWellOrderedOn_iff @[simp] theorem partiallyWellOrderedOn_singleton (a : α) : PartiallyWellOrderedOn {a} r := (finite_singleton a).partiallyWellOrderedOn #align set.partially_well_ordered_on_singleton Set.partiallyWellOrderedOn_singleton @[nontriviality] theorem Subsingleton.partiallyWellOrderedOn (hs : s.Subsingleton) : PartiallyWellOrderedOn s r := hs.finite.partiallyWellOrderedOn @[simp] theorem partiallyWellOrderedOn_insert : PartiallyWellOrderedOn (insert a s) r ↔ PartiallyWellOrderedOn s r := by simp only [← singleton_union, partiallyWellOrderedOn_union, partiallyWellOrderedOn_singleton, true_and_iff] #align set.partially_well_ordered_on_insert Set.partiallyWellOrderedOn_insert protected theorem PartiallyWellOrderedOn.insert (h : PartiallyWellOrderedOn s r) (a : α) : PartiallyWellOrderedOn (insert a s) r := partiallyWellOrderedOn_insert.2 h #align set.partially_well_ordered_on.insert Set.PartiallyWellOrderedOn.insert theorem partiallyWellOrderedOn_iff_finite_antichains [IsSymm α r] : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r ↔ ∀ t, t ⊆ s → IsAntichain r t → t.Finite := by refine ⟨fun h t ht hrt => hrt.finite_of_partiallyWellOrderedOn (h.mono ht), ?_⟩ rintro hs f hf by_contra! H refine infinite_range_of_injective (fun m n hmn => ?_) (hs _ (range_subset_iff.2 hf) ?_) · obtain h | h | h := lt_trichotomy m n · refine (H _ _ h ?_).elim rw [hmn] exact refl _ · exact h · refine (H _ _ h ?_).elim rw [hmn] exact refl _ rintro _ ⟨m, hm, rfl⟩ _ ⟨n, hn, rfl⟩ hmn obtain h | h := (ne_of_apply_ne _ hmn).lt_or_lt · exact H _ _ h · exact mt symm (H _ _ h) #align set.partially_well_ordered_on_iff_finite_antichains Set.partiallyWellOrderedOn_iff_finite_antichains variable [IsTrans α r]
Mathlib/Order/WellFoundedSet.lean
378
386
theorem PartiallyWellOrderedOn.exists_monotone_subseq (h : s.PartiallyWellOrderedOn r) (f : ℕ → α) (hf : ∀ n, f n ∈ s) : ∃ g : ℕ ↪o ℕ, ∀ m n : ℕ, m ≤ n → r (f (g m)) (f (g n)) := by
obtain ⟨g, h1 | h2⟩ := exists_increasing_or_nonincreasing_subseq r f · refine ⟨g, fun m n hle => ?_⟩ obtain hlt | rfl := hle.lt_or_eq exacts [h1 m n hlt, refl_of r _] · exfalso obtain ⟨m, n, hlt, hle⟩ := h (f ∘ g) fun n => hf _ exact h2 m n hlt hle
import Mathlib.NumberTheory.NumberField.Embeddings #align_import number_theory.number_field.units from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"00f91228655eecdcd3ac97a7fd8dbcb139fe990a" open scoped NumberField noncomputable section open NumberField Units section Rat
Mathlib/NumberTheory/NumberField/Units/Basic.lean
40
43
theorem Rat.RingOfIntegers.isUnit_iff {x : 𝓞 ℚ} : IsUnit x ↔ (x : ℚ) = 1 ∨ (x : ℚ) = -1 := by
simp_rw [(isUnit_map_iff (Rat.ringOfIntegersEquiv : 𝓞 ℚ →+* ℤ) x).symm, Int.isUnit_iff, RingEquiv.coe_toRingHom, RingEquiv.map_eq_one_iff, RingEquiv.map_eq_neg_one_iff, ← Subtype.coe_injective.eq_iff]; rfl
import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Order.Bounded import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.PartENat import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.Principal import Mathlib.Tactic.Linarith #align_import set_theory.cardinal.ordinal from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"7c2ce0c2da15516b4e65d0c9e254bb6dc93abd1f" noncomputable section open Function Set Cardinal Equiv Order Ordinal open scoped Classical universe u v w namespace Cardinal section UsingOrdinals theorem ord_isLimit {c} (co : ℵ₀ ≤ c) : (ord c).IsLimit := by refine ⟨fun h => aleph0_ne_zero ?_, fun a => lt_imp_lt_of_le_imp_le fun h => ?_⟩ · rw [← Ordinal.le_zero, ord_le] at h simpa only [card_zero, nonpos_iff_eq_zero] using co.trans h · rw [ord_le] at h ⊢ rwa [← @add_one_of_aleph0_le (card a), ← card_succ] rw [← ord_le, ← le_succ_of_isLimit, ord_le] · exact co.trans h · rw [ord_aleph0] exact omega_isLimit #align cardinal.ord_is_limit Cardinal.ord_isLimit theorem noMaxOrder {c} (h : ℵ₀ ≤ c) : NoMaxOrder c.ord.out.α := Ordinal.out_no_max_of_succ_lt (ord_isLimit h).2 section aleph def alephIdx.initialSeg : @InitialSeg Cardinal Ordinal (· < ·) (· < ·) := @RelEmbedding.collapse Cardinal Ordinal (· < ·) (· < ·) _ Cardinal.ord.orderEmbedding.ltEmbedding #align cardinal.aleph_idx.initial_seg Cardinal.alephIdx.initialSeg def alephIdx : Cardinal → Ordinal := alephIdx.initialSeg #align cardinal.aleph_idx Cardinal.alephIdx @[simp] theorem alephIdx.initialSeg_coe : (alephIdx.initialSeg : Cardinal → Ordinal) = alephIdx := rfl #align cardinal.aleph_idx.initial_seg_coe Cardinal.alephIdx.initialSeg_coe @[simp] theorem alephIdx_lt {a b} : alephIdx a < alephIdx b ↔ a < b := alephIdx.initialSeg.toRelEmbedding.map_rel_iff #align cardinal.aleph_idx_lt Cardinal.alephIdx_lt @[simp] theorem alephIdx_le {a b} : alephIdx a ≤ alephIdx b ↔ a ≤ b := by rw [← not_lt, ← not_lt, alephIdx_lt] #align cardinal.aleph_idx_le Cardinal.alephIdx_le theorem alephIdx.init {a b} : b < alephIdx a → ∃ c, alephIdx c = b := alephIdx.initialSeg.init #align cardinal.aleph_idx.init Cardinal.alephIdx.init def alephIdx.relIso : @RelIso Cardinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· < ·) (· < ·) := @RelIso.ofSurjective Cardinal.{u} Ordinal.{u} (· < ·) (· < ·) alephIdx.initialSeg.{u} <| (InitialSeg.eq_or_principal alephIdx.initialSeg.{u}).resolve_right fun ⟨o, e⟩ => by have : ∀ c, alephIdx c < o := fun c => (e _).2 ⟨_, rfl⟩ refine Ordinal.inductionOn o ?_ this; intro α r _ h let s := ⨆ a, invFun alephIdx (Ordinal.typein r a) apply (lt_succ s).not_le have I : Injective.{u+2, u+2} alephIdx := alephIdx.initialSeg.toEmbedding.injective simpa only [typein_enum, leftInverse_invFun I (succ s)] using le_ciSup (Cardinal.bddAbove_range.{u, u} fun a : α => invFun alephIdx (Ordinal.typein r a)) (Ordinal.enum r _ (h (succ s))) #align cardinal.aleph_idx.rel_iso Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso @[simp] theorem alephIdx.relIso_coe : (alephIdx.relIso : Cardinal → Ordinal) = alephIdx := rfl #align cardinal.aleph_idx.rel_iso_coe Cardinal.alephIdx.relIso_coe @[simp] theorem type_cardinal : @type Cardinal (· < ·) _ = Ordinal.univ.{u, u + 1} := by rw [Ordinal.univ_id]; exact Quotient.sound ⟨alephIdx.relIso⟩ #align cardinal.type_cardinal Cardinal.type_cardinal @[simp]
Mathlib/SetTheory/Cardinal/Ordinal.lean
151
152
theorem mk_cardinal : #Cardinal = univ.{u, u + 1} := by
simpa only [card_type, card_univ] using congr_arg card type_cardinal
import Mathlib.SetTheory.Game.Ordinal import Mathlib.SetTheory.Ordinal.NaturalOps #align_import set_theory.game.birthday from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a347076985674932c0e91da09b9961ed0a79508c" universe u open Ordinal namespace SetTheory open scoped NaturalOps PGame namespace PGame noncomputable def birthday : PGame.{u} → Ordinal.{u} | ⟨_, _, xL, xR⟩ => max (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (xL i)) (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (xR i)) #align pgame.birthday SetTheory.PGame.birthday theorem birthday_def (x : PGame) : birthday x = max (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (x.moveLeft i)) (lsub.{u, u} fun i => birthday (x.moveRight i)) := by cases x; rw [birthday]; rfl #align pgame.birthday_def SetTheory.PGame.birthday_def theorem birthday_moveLeft_lt {x : PGame} (i : x.LeftMoves) : (x.moveLeft i).birthday < x.birthday := by cases x; rw [birthday]; exact lt_max_of_lt_left (lt_lsub _ i) #align pgame.birthday_move_left_lt SetTheory.PGame.birthday_moveLeft_lt theorem birthday_moveRight_lt {x : PGame} (i : x.RightMoves) : (x.moveRight i).birthday < x.birthday := by cases x; rw [birthday]; exact lt_max_of_lt_right (lt_lsub _ i) #align pgame.birthday_move_right_lt SetTheory.PGame.birthday_moveRight_lt theorem lt_birthday_iff {x : PGame} {o : Ordinal} : o < x.birthday ↔ (∃ i : x.LeftMoves, o ≤ (x.moveLeft i).birthday) ∨ ∃ i : x.RightMoves, o ≤ (x.moveRight i).birthday := by constructor · rw [birthday_def] intro h cases' lt_max_iff.1 h with h' h' · left rwa [lt_lsub_iff] at h' · right rwa [lt_lsub_iff] at h' · rintro (⟨i, hi⟩ | ⟨i, hi⟩) · exact hi.trans_lt (birthday_moveLeft_lt i) · exact hi.trans_lt (birthday_moveRight_lt i) #align pgame.lt_birthday_iff SetTheory.PGame.lt_birthday_iff theorem Relabelling.birthday_congr : ∀ {x y : PGame.{u}}, x ≡r y → birthday x = birthday y | ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩, ⟨yl, yr, yL, yR⟩, r => by unfold birthday congr 1 all_goals apply lsub_eq_of_range_eq.{u, u, u} ext i; constructor all_goals rintro ⟨j, rfl⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveLeft j).birthday_congr.symm⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveLeftSymm j).birthday_congr⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveRight j).birthday_congr.symm⟩ · exact ⟨_, (r.moveRightSymm j).birthday_congr⟩ termination_by x y => (x, y) #align pgame.relabelling.birthday_congr SetTheory.PGame.Relabelling.birthday_congr @[simp] theorem birthday_eq_zero {x : PGame} : birthday x = 0 ↔ IsEmpty x.LeftMoves ∧ IsEmpty x.RightMoves := by rw [birthday_def, max_eq_zero, lsub_eq_zero_iff, lsub_eq_zero_iff] #align pgame.birthday_eq_zero SetTheory.PGame.birthday_eq_zero @[simp] theorem birthday_zero : birthday 0 = 0 := by simp [inferInstanceAs (IsEmpty PEmpty)] #align pgame.birthday_zero SetTheory.PGame.birthday_zero @[simp] theorem birthday_one : birthday 1 = 1 := by rw [birthday_def]; simp #align pgame.birthday_one SetTheory.PGame.birthday_one @[simp] theorem birthday_star : birthday star = 1 := by rw [birthday_def]; simp #align pgame.birthday_star SetTheory.PGame.birthday_star @[simp] theorem neg_birthday : ∀ x : PGame, (-x).birthday = x.birthday | ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩ => by rw [birthday_def, birthday_def, max_comm] congr <;> funext <;> apply neg_birthday #align pgame.neg_birthday SetTheory.PGame.neg_birthday @[simp] theorem toPGame_birthday (o : Ordinal) : o.toPGame.birthday = o := by induction' o using Ordinal.induction with o IH rw [toPGame_def, PGame.birthday] simp only [lsub_empty, max_zero_right] -- Porting note: was `nth_rw 1 [← lsub_typein o]` conv_rhs => rw [← lsub_typein o] congr with x exact IH _ (typein_lt_self x) #align pgame.to_pgame_birthday SetTheory.PGame.toPGame_birthday theorem le_birthday : ∀ x : PGame, x ≤ x.birthday.toPGame | ⟨xl, _, xL, _⟩ => le_def.2 ⟨fun i => Or.inl ⟨toLeftMovesToPGame ⟨_, birthday_moveLeft_lt i⟩, by simp [le_birthday (xL i)]⟩, isEmptyElim⟩ #align pgame.le_birthday SetTheory.PGame.le_birthday variable (a b x : PGame.{u}) theorem neg_birthday_le : -x.birthday.toPGame ≤ x := by simpa only [neg_birthday, ← neg_le_iff] using le_birthday (-x) #align pgame.neg_birthday_le SetTheory.PGame.neg_birthday_le @[simp] theorem birthday_add : ∀ x y : PGame.{u}, (x + y).birthday = x.birthday ♯ y.birthday | ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩, ⟨yl, yr, yL, yR⟩ => by rw [birthday_def, nadd_def] -- Porting note: `simp` doesn't apply erw [lsub_sum, lsub_sum] simp only [lsub_sum, mk_add_moveLeft_inl, moveLeft_mk, mk_add_moveLeft_inr, mk_add_moveRight_inl, moveRight_mk, mk_add_moveRight_inr] -- Porting note: Originally `simp only [birthday_add]`, but this causes an error in -- `termination_by`. Use a workaround. conv_lhs => left; left; right; intro a; rw [birthday_add (xL a) ⟨yl, yr, yL, yR⟩] conv_lhs => left; right; right; intro b; rw [birthday_add ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩ (yL b)] conv_lhs => right; left; right; intro a; rw [birthday_add (xR a) ⟨yl, yr, yL, yR⟩] conv_lhs => right; right; right; intro b; rw [birthday_add ⟨xl, xr, xL, xR⟩ (yR b)] rw [max_max_max_comm] congr <;> apply le_antisymm any_goals exact max_le_iff.2 ⟨lsub_le_iff.2 fun i => lt_blsub _ _ (birthday_moveLeft_lt _), lsub_le_iff.2 fun i => lt_blsub _ _ (birthday_moveRight_lt _)⟩ all_goals refine blsub_le_iff.2 fun i hi => ?_ rcases lt_birthday_iff.1 hi with (⟨j, hj⟩ | ⟨j, hj⟩) · exact lt_max_of_lt_left ((nadd_le_nadd_right hj _).trans_lt (lt_lsub _ _)) · exact lt_max_of_lt_right ((nadd_le_nadd_right hj _).trans_lt (lt_lsub _ _)) · exact lt_max_of_lt_left ((nadd_le_nadd_left hj _).trans_lt (lt_lsub _ _)) · exact lt_max_of_lt_right ((nadd_le_nadd_left hj _).trans_lt (lt_lsub _ _)) termination_by a b => (a, b) #align pgame.birthday_add SetTheory.PGame.birthday_add theorem birthday_add_zero : (a + 0).birthday = a.birthday := by simp #align pgame.birthday_add_zero SetTheory.PGame.birthday_add_zero theorem birthday_zero_add : (0 + a).birthday = a.birthday := by simp #align pgame.birthday_zero_add SetTheory.PGame.birthday_zero_add theorem birthday_add_one : (a + 1).birthday = Order.succ a.birthday := by simp #align pgame.birthday_add_one SetTheory.PGame.birthday_add_one
Mathlib/SetTheory/Game/Birthday.lean
186
186
theorem birthday_one_add : (1 + a).birthday = Order.succ a.birthday := by
simp
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Group.Multiset import Mathlib.Data.Multiset.Dedup #align_import data.multiset.bind from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f694c7dead66f5d4c80f446c796a5aad14707f0e" assert_not_exists MonoidWithZero assert_not_exists MulAction universe v variable {α : Type*} {β : Type v} {γ δ : Type*} namespace Multiset def join : Multiset (Multiset α) → Multiset α := sum #align multiset.join Multiset.join theorem coe_join : ∀ L : List (List α), join (L.map ((↑) : List α → Multiset α) : Multiset (Multiset α)) = L.join | [] => rfl | l :: L => by exact congr_arg (fun s : Multiset α => ↑l + s) (coe_join L) #align multiset.coe_join Multiset.coe_join @[simp] theorem join_zero : @join α 0 = 0 := rfl #align multiset.join_zero Multiset.join_zero @[simp] theorem join_cons (s S) : @join α (s ::ₘ S) = s + join S := sum_cons _ _ #align multiset.join_cons Multiset.join_cons @[simp] theorem join_add (S T) : @join α (S + T) = join S + join T := sum_add _ _ #align multiset.join_add Multiset.join_add @[simp] theorem singleton_join (a) : join ({a} : Multiset (Multiset α)) = a := sum_singleton _ #align multiset.singleton_join Multiset.singleton_join @[simp] theorem mem_join {a S} : a ∈ @join α S ↔ ∃ s ∈ S, a ∈ s := Multiset.induction_on S (by simp) <| by simp (config := { contextual := true }) [or_and_right, exists_or] #align multiset.mem_join Multiset.mem_join @[simp] theorem card_join (S) : card (@join α S) = sum (map card S) := Multiset.induction_on S (by simp) (by simp) #align multiset.card_join Multiset.card_join @[simp] theorem map_join (f : α → β) (S : Multiset (Multiset α)) : map f (join S) = join (map (map f) S) := by induction S using Multiset.induction with | empty => simp | cons _ _ ih => simp [ih] @[to_additive (attr := simp)] theorem prod_join [CommMonoid α] {S : Multiset (Multiset α)} : prod (join S) = prod (map prod S) := by induction S using Multiset.induction with | empty => simp | cons _ _ ih => simp [ih] theorem rel_join {r : α → β → Prop} {s t} (h : Rel (Rel r) s t) : Rel r s.join t.join := by induction h with | zero => simp | cons hab hst ih => simpa using hab.add ih #align multiset.rel_join Multiset.rel_join section Bind variable (a : α) (s t : Multiset α) (f g : α → Multiset β) def bind (s : Multiset α) (f : α → Multiset β) : Multiset β := (s.map f).join #align multiset.bind Multiset.bind @[simp] theorem coe_bind (l : List α) (f : α → List β) : (@bind α β l fun a => f a) = l.bind f := by rw [List.bind, ← coe_join, List.map_map] rfl #align multiset.coe_bind Multiset.coe_bind @[simp] theorem zero_bind : bind 0 f = 0 := rfl #align multiset.zero_bind Multiset.zero_bind @[simp] theorem cons_bind : (a ::ₘ s).bind f = f a + s.bind f := by simp [bind] #align multiset.cons_bind Multiset.cons_bind @[simp] theorem singleton_bind : bind {a} f = f a := by simp [bind] #align multiset.singleton_bind Multiset.singleton_bind @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/Multiset/Bind.lean
134
134
theorem add_bind : (s + t).bind f = s.bind f + t.bind f := by
simp [bind]
import Mathlib.Topology.Constructions import Mathlib.Topology.ContinuousOn #align_import topology.bases from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"bcfa726826abd57587355b4b5b7e78ad6527b7e4" open Set Filter Function Topology noncomputable section namespace TopologicalSpace universe u variable {α : Type u} {β : Type*} [t : TopologicalSpace α] {B : Set (Set α)} {s : Set α} structure IsTopologicalBasis (s : Set (Set α)) : Prop where exists_subset_inter : ∀ t₁ ∈ s, ∀ t₂ ∈ s, ∀ x ∈ t₁ ∩ t₂, ∃ t₃ ∈ s, x ∈ t₃ ∧ t₃ ⊆ t₁ ∩ t₂ sUnion_eq : ⋃₀ s = univ eq_generateFrom : t = generateFrom s #align topological_space.is_topological_basis TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis theorem IsTopologicalBasis.insert_empty {s : Set (Set α)} (h : IsTopologicalBasis s) : IsTopologicalBasis (insert ∅ s) := by refine ⟨?_, by rw [sUnion_insert, empty_union, h.sUnion_eq], ?_⟩ · rintro t₁ (rfl | h₁) t₂ (rfl | h₂) x ⟨hx₁, hx₂⟩ · cases hx₁ · cases hx₁ · cases hx₂ · obtain ⟨t₃, h₃, hs⟩ := h.exists_subset_inter _ h₁ _ h₂ x ⟨hx₁, hx₂⟩ exact ⟨t₃, .inr h₃, hs⟩ · rw [h.eq_generateFrom] refine le_antisymm (le_generateFrom fun t => ?_) (generateFrom_anti <| subset_insert ∅ s) rintro (rfl | ht) · exact @isOpen_empty _ (generateFrom s) · exact .basic t ht #align topological_space.is_topological_basis.insert_empty TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.insert_empty theorem IsTopologicalBasis.diff_empty {s : Set (Set α)} (h : IsTopologicalBasis s) : IsTopologicalBasis (s \ {∅}) := by refine ⟨?_, by rw [sUnion_diff_singleton_empty, h.sUnion_eq], ?_⟩ · rintro t₁ ⟨h₁, -⟩ t₂ ⟨h₂, -⟩ x hx obtain ⟨t₃, h₃, hs⟩ := h.exists_subset_inter _ h₁ _ h₂ x hx exact ⟨t₃, ⟨h₃, Nonempty.ne_empty ⟨x, hs.1⟩⟩, hs⟩ · rw [h.eq_generateFrom] refine le_antisymm (generateFrom_anti diff_subset) (le_generateFrom fun t ht => ?_) obtain rfl | he := eq_or_ne t ∅ · exact @isOpen_empty _ (generateFrom _) · exact .basic t ⟨ht, he⟩ #align topological_space.is_topological_basis.diff_empty TopologicalSpace.IsTopologicalBasis.diff_empty theorem isTopologicalBasis_of_subbasis {s : Set (Set α)} (hs : t = generateFrom s) : IsTopologicalBasis ((fun f => ⋂₀ f) '' { f : Set (Set α) | f.Finite ∧ f ⊆ s }) := by subst t; letI := generateFrom s refine ⟨?_, ?_, le_antisymm (le_generateFrom ?_) <| generateFrom_anti fun t ht => ?_⟩ · rintro _ ⟨t₁, ⟨hft₁, ht₁b⟩, rfl⟩ _ ⟨t₂, ⟨hft₂, ht₂b⟩, rfl⟩ x h exact ⟨_, ⟨_, ⟨hft₁.union hft₂, union_subset ht₁b ht₂b⟩, sInter_union t₁ t₂⟩, h, Subset.rfl⟩ · rw [sUnion_image, iUnion₂_eq_univ_iff] exact fun x => ⟨∅, ⟨finite_empty, empty_subset _⟩, sInter_empty.substr <| mem_univ x⟩ · rintro _ ⟨t, ⟨hft, htb⟩, rfl⟩ exact hft.isOpen_sInter fun s hs ↦ GenerateOpen.basic _ <| htb hs · rw [← sInter_singleton t] exact ⟨{t}, ⟨finite_singleton t, singleton_subset_iff.2 ht⟩, rfl⟩ #align topological_space.is_topological_basis_of_subbasis TopologicalSpace.isTopologicalBasis_of_subbasis
Mathlib/Topology/Bases.lean
122
129
theorem IsTopologicalBasis.of_hasBasis_nhds {s : Set (Set α)} (h_nhds : ∀ a, (𝓝 a).HasBasis (fun t ↦ t ∈ s ∧ a ∈ t) id) : IsTopologicalBasis s where exists_subset_inter t₁ ht₁ t₂ ht₂ x hx := by
simpa only [and_assoc, (h_nhds x).mem_iff] using (inter_mem ((h_nhds _).mem_of_mem ⟨ht₁, hx.1⟩) ((h_nhds _).mem_of_mem ⟨ht₂, hx.2⟩)) sUnion_eq := sUnion_eq_univ_iff.2 fun x ↦ (h_nhds x).ex_mem eq_generateFrom := ext_nhds fun x ↦ by simpa only [nhds_generateFrom, and_comm] using (h_nhds x).eq_biInf
import Mathlib.Data.DFinsupp.Interval import Mathlib.Data.DFinsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Finset.Nat #align_import data.multiset.interval from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"1d29de43a5ba4662dd33b5cfeecfc2a27a5a8a29" open Finset DFinsupp Function open Pointwise variable {α : Type*} namespace Multiset variable [DecidableEq α] (s t : Multiset α) instance instLocallyFiniteOrder : LocallyFiniteOrder (Multiset α) := LocallyFiniteOrder.ofIcc (Multiset α) (fun s t => (Finset.Icc (toDFinsupp s) (toDFinsupp t)).map Multiset.equivDFinsupp.toEquiv.symm.toEmbedding) fun s t x => by simp theorem Icc_eq : Finset.Icc s t = (Finset.Icc (toDFinsupp s) (toDFinsupp t)).map Multiset.equivDFinsupp.toEquiv.symm.toEmbedding := rfl #align multiset.Icc_eq Multiset.Icc_eq theorem uIcc_eq : uIcc s t = (uIcc (toDFinsupp s) (toDFinsupp t)).map Multiset.equivDFinsupp.toEquiv.symm.toEmbedding := (Icc_eq _ _).trans <| by simp [uIcc] #align multiset.uIcc_eq Multiset.uIcc_eq theorem card_Icc : (Finset.Icc s t).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset ∪ t.toFinset, (t.count i + 1 - s.count i) := by simp_rw [Icc_eq, Finset.card_map, DFinsupp.card_Icc, Nat.card_Icc, Multiset.toDFinsupp_apply, toDFinsupp_support] #align multiset.card_Icc Multiset.card_Icc theorem card_Ico : (Finset.Ico s t).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset ∪ t.toFinset, (t.count i + 1 - s.count i) - 1 := by rw [Finset.card_Ico_eq_card_Icc_sub_one, card_Icc] #align multiset.card_Ico Multiset.card_Ico theorem card_Ioc : (Finset.Ioc s t).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset ∪ t.toFinset, (t.count i + 1 - s.count i) - 1 := by rw [Finset.card_Ioc_eq_card_Icc_sub_one, card_Icc] #align multiset.card_Ioc Multiset.card_Ioc theorem card_Ioo : (Finset.Ioo s t).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset ∪ t.toFinset, (t.count i + 1 - s.count i) - 2 := by rw [Finset.card_Ioo_eq_card_Icc_sub_two, card_Icc] #align multiset.card_Ioo Multiset.card_Ioo theorem card_uIcc : (uIcc s t).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset ∪ t.toFinset, ((t.count i - s.count i : ℤ).natAbs + 1) := by simp_rw [uIcc_eq, Finset.card_map, DFinsupp.card_uIcc, Nat.card_uIcc, Multiset.toDFinsupp_apply, toDFinsupp_support] #align multiset.card_uIcc Multiset.card_uIcc
Mathlib/Data/Multiset/Interval.lean
83
84
theorem card_Iic : (Finset.Iic s).card = ∏ i ∈ s.toFinset, (s.count i + 1) := by
simp_rw [Iic_eq_Icc, card_Icc, bot_eq_zero, toFinset_zero, empty_union, count_zero, tsub_zero]
import Batteries.Data.Rat.Basic import Batteries.Tactic.SeqFocus namespace Rat theorem ext : {p q : Rat} → p.num = q.num → p.den = q.den → p = q | ⟨_,_,_,_⟩, ⟨_,_,_,_⟩, rfl, rfl => rfl @[simp] theorem mk_den_one {r : Int} : ⟨r, 1, Nat.one_ne_zero, (Nat.coprime_one_right _)⟩ = (r : Rat) := rfl @[simp] theorem zero_num : (0 : Rat).num = 0 := rfl @[simp] theorem zero_den : (0 : Rat).den = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem one_num : (1 : Rat).num = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem one_den : (1 : Rat).den = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem maybeNormalize_eq {num den g} (den_nz reduced) : maybeNormalize num den g den_nz reduced = { num := num.div g, den := den / g, den_nz, reduced } := by unfold maybeNormalize; split · subst g; simp · rfl theorem normalize.reduced' {num : Int} {den g : Nat} (den_nz : den ≠ 0) (e : g = num.natAbs.gcd den) : (num / g).natAbs.Coprime (den / g) := by rw [← Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd (e ▸ Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..))] exact normalize.reduced den_nz e theorem normalize_eq {num den} (den_nz) : normalize num den den_nz = { num := num / num.natAbs.gcd den den := den / num.natAbs.gcd den den_nz := normalize.den_nz den_nz rfl reduced := normalize.reduced' den_nz rfl } := by simp only [normalize, maybeNormalize_eq, Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd (Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..))] @[simp] theorem normalize_zero (nz) : normalize 0 d nz = 0 := by simp [normalize, Int.zero_div, Int.natAbs_zero, Nat.div_self (Nat.pos_of_ne_zero nz)]; rfl theorem mk_eq_normalize (num den nz c) : ⟨num, den, nz, c⟩ = normalize num den nz := by simp [normalize_eq, c.gcd_eq_one] theorem normalize_self (r : Rat) : normalize r.num r.den r.den_nz = r := (mk_eq_normalize ..).symm theorem normalize_mul_left {a : Nat} (d0 : d ≠ 0) (a0 : a ≠ 0) : normalize (↑a * n) (a * d) (Nat.mul_ne_zero a0 d0) = normalize n d d0 := by simp [normalize_eq, mk'.injEq, Int.natAbs_mul, Nat.gcd_mul_left, Nat.mul_div_mul_left _ _ (Nat.pos_of_ne_zero a0), Int.ofNat_mul, Int.mul_ediv_mul_of_pos _ _ (Int.ofNat_pos.2 <| Nat.pos_of_ne_zero a0)] theorem normalize_mul_right {a : Nat} (d0 : d ≠ 0) (a0 : a ≠ 0) : normalize (n * a) (d * a) (Nat.mul_ne_zero d0 a0) = normalize n d d0 := by rw [← normalize_mul_left (d0 := d0) a0]; congr 1 <;> [apply Int.mul_comm; apply Nat.mul_comm] theorem normalize_eq_iff (z₁ : d₁ ≠ 0) (z₂ : d₂ ≠ 0) : normalize n₁ d₁ z₁ = normalize n₂ d₂ z₂ ↔ n₁ * d₂ = n₂ * d₁ := by constructor <;> intro h · simp only [normalize_eq, mk'.injEq] at h have' hn₁ := Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left n₁.natAbs d₁ have' hn₂ := Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left n₂.natAbs d₂ have' hd₁ := Int.ofNat_dvd.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_right n₁.natAbs d₁ have' hd₂ := Int.ofNat_dvd.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_right n₂.natAbs d₂ rw [← Int.ediv_mul_cancel (Int.dvd_trans hd₂ (Int.dvd_mul_left ..)), Int.mul_ediv_assoc _ hd₂, ← Int.ofNat_ediv, ← h.2, Int.ofNat_ediv, ← Int.mul_ediv_assoc _ hd₁, Int.mul_ediv_assoc' _ hn₁, Int.mul_right_comm, h.1, Int.ediv_mul_cancel hn₂] · rw [← normalize_mul_right _ z₂, ← normalize_mul_left z₂ z₁, Int.mul_comm d₁, h] theorem maybeNormalize_eq_normalize {num : Int} {den g : Nat} (den_nz reduced) (hn : ↑g ∣ num) (hd : g ∣ den) : maybeNormalize num den g den_nz reduced = normalize num den (mt (by simp [·]) den_nz) := by simp only [maybeNormalize_eq, mk_eq_normalize, Int.div_eq_ediv_of_dvd hn] have : g ≠ 0 := mt (by simp [·]) den_nz rw [← normalize_mul_right _ this, Int.ediv_mul_cancel hn] congr 1; exact Nat.div_mul_cancel hd @[simp] theorem normalize_eq_zero (d0 : d ≠ 0) : normalize n d d0 = 0 ↔ n = 0 := by have' := normalize_eq_iff d0 Nat.one_ne_zero rw [normalize_zero (d := 1)] at this; rw [this]; simp theorem normalize_num_den' (num den nz) : ∃ d : Nat, d ≠ 0 ∧ num = (normalize num den nz).num * d ∧ den = (normalize num den nz).den * d := by refine ⟨num.natAbs.gcd den, Nat.gcd_ne_zero_right nz, ?_⟩ simp [normalize_eq, Int.ediv_mul_cancel (Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..), Nat.div_mul_cancel (Nat.gcd_dvd_right ..)] theorem normalize_num_den (h : normalize n d z = ⟨n', d', z', c⟩) : ∃ m : Nat, m ≠ 0 ∧ n = n' * m ∧ d = d' * m := by have := normalize_num_den' n d z; rwa [h] at this theorem normalize_eq_mkRat {num den} (den_nz) : normalize num den den_nz = mkRat num den := by simp [mkRat, den_nz] theorem mkRat_num_den (z : d ≠ 0) (h : mkRat n d = ⟨n', d', z', c⟩) : ∃ m : Nat, m ≠ 0 ∧ n = n' * m ∧ d = d' * m := normalize_num_den ((normalize_eq_mkRat z).symm ▸ h) theorem mkRat_def (n d) : mkRat n d = if d0 : d = 0 then 0 else normalize n d d0 := rfl theorem mkRat_self (a : Rat) : mkRat a.num a.den = a := by rw [← normalize_eq_mkRat a.den_nz, normalize_self] theorem mk_eq_mkRat (num den nz c) : ⟨num, den, nz, c⟩ = mkRat num den := by simp [mk_eq_normalize, normalize_eq_mkRat] @[simp] theorem zero_mkRat (n) : mkRat 0 n = 0 := by simp [mkRat_def] @[simp] theorem mkRat_zero (n) : mkRat n 0 = 0 := by simp [mkRat_def] theorem mkRat_eq_zero (d0 : d ≠ 0) : mkRat n d = 0 ↔ n = 0 := by simp [mkRat_def, d0] theorem mkRat_ne_zero (d0 : d ≠ 0) : mkRat n d ≠ 0 ↔ n ≠ 0 := not_congr (mkRat_eq_zero d0) theorem mkRat_mul_left {a : Nat} (a0 : a ≠ 0) : mkRat (↑a * n) (a * d) = mkRat n d := by if d0 : d = 0 then simp [d0] else rw [← normalize_eq_mkRat d0, ← normalize_mul_left d0 a0, normalize_eq_mkRat] theorem mkRat_mul_right {a : Nat} (a0 : a ≠ 0) : mkRat (n * a) (d * a) = mkRat n d := by rw [← mkRat_mul_left (d := d) a0]; congr 1 <;> [apply Int.mul_comm; apply Nat.mul_comm] theorem mkRat_eq_iff (z₁ : d₁ ≠ 0) (z₂ : d₂ ≠ 0) : mkRat n₁ d₁ = mkRat n₂ d₂ ↔ n₁ * d₂ = n₂ * d₁ := by rw [← normalize_eq_mkRat z₁, ← normalize_eq_mkRat z₂, normalize_eq_iff] @[simp] theorem divInt_ofNat (num den) : num /. (den : Nat) = mkRat num den := by simp [divInt, normalize_eq_mkRat] theorem mk_eq_divInt (num den nz c) : ⟨num, den, nz, c⟩ = num /. (den : Nat) := by simp [mk_eq_mkRat] theorem divInt_self (a : Rat) : a.num /. a.den = a := by rw [divInt_ofNat, mkRat_self] @[simp] theorem zero_divInt (n) : 0 /. n = 0 := by cases n <;> simp [divInt] @[simp] theorem divInt_zero (n) : n /. 0 = 0 := mkRat_zero n theorem neg_divInt_neg (num den) : -num /. -den = num /. den := by match den with | Nat.succ n => simp only [divInt, Int.neg_ofNat_succ] simp [normalize_eq_mkRat, Int.neg_neg] | 0 => rfl | Int.negSucc n => simp only [divInt, Int.neg_negSucc] simp [normalize_eq_mkRat, Int.neg_neg] theorem divInt_neg' (num den) : num /. -den = -num /. den := by rw [← neg_divInt_neg, Int.neg_neg] theorem divInt_eq_iff (z₁ : d₁ ≠ 0) (z₂ : d₂ ≠ 0) : n₁ /. d₁ = n₂ /. d₂ ↔ n₁ * d₂ = n₂ * d₁ := by rcases Int.eq_nat_or_neg d₁ with ⟨_, rfl | rfl⟩ <;> rcases Int.eq_nat_or_neg d₂ with ⟨_, rfl | rfl⟩ <;> simp_all [divInt_neg', Int.ofNat_eq_zero, Int.neg_eq_zero, mkRat_eq_iff, Int.neg_mul, Int.mul_neg, Int.eq_neg_comm, eq_comm] theorem divInt_mul_left {a : Int} (a0 : a ≠ 0) : (a * n) /. (a * d) = n /. d := by if d0 : d = 0 then simp [d0] else simp [divInt_eq_iff (Int.mul_ne_zero a0 d0) d0, Int.mul_assoc, Int.mul_left_comm] theorem divInt_mul_right {a : Int} (a0 : a ≠ 0) : (n * a) /. (d * a) = n /. d := by simp [← divInt_mul_left (d := d) a0, Int.mul_comm] theorem divInt_num_den (z : d ≠ 0) (h : n /. d = ⟨n', d', z', c⟩) : ∃ m, m ≠ 0 ∧ n = n' * m ∧ d = d' * m := by rcases Int.eq_nat_or_neg d with ⟨_, rfl | rfl⟩ <;> simp_all [divInt_neg', Int.ofNat_eq_zero, Int.neg_eq_zero] · have ⟨m, h₁, h₂⟩ := mkRat_num_den z h; exists m simp [Int.ofNat_eq_zero, Int.ofNat_mul, h₁, h₂] · have ⟨m, h₁, h₂⟩ := mkRat_num_den z h; exists -m rw [← Int.neg_inj, Int.neg_neg] at h₂ simp [Int.ofNat_eq_zero, Int.ofNat_mul, h₁, h₂, Int.mul_neg, Int.neg_eq_zero] @[simp] theorem ofInt_ofNat : ofInt (OfNat.ofNat n) = OfNat.ofNat n := rfl @[simp] theorem ofInt_num : (ofInt n : Rat).num = n := rfl @[simp] theorem ofInt_den : (ofInt n : Rat).den = 1 := rfl @[simp] theorem ofNat_num : (OfNat.ofNat n : Rat).num = OfNat.ofNat n := rfl @[simp] theorem ofNat_den : (OfNat.ofNat n : Rat).den = 1 := rfl theorem add_def (a b : Rat) : a + b = normalize (a.num * b.den + b.num * a.den) (a.den * b.den) (Nat.mul_ne_zero a.den_nz b.den_nz) := by show Rat.add .. = _; delta Rat.add; dsimp only; split · exact (normalize_self _).symm · have : a.den.gcd b.den ≠ 0 := Nat.gcd_ne_zero_left a.den_nz rw [maybeNormalize_eq_normalize _ _ (Int.ofNat_dvd_left.2 <| Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..) (Nat.dvd_trans (Nat.gcd_dvd_right ..) <| Nat.dvd_trans (Nat.gcd_dvd_right ..) (Nat.dvd_mul_left ..)), ← normalize_mul_right _ this]; congr 1 · simp only [Int.add_mul, Int.mul_assoc, Int.ofNat_mul_ofNat, Nat.div_mul_cancel (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..), Nat.div_mul_cancel (Nat.gcd_dvd_right ..)] · rw [Nat.mul_right_comm, Nat.div_mul_cancel (Nat.gcd_dvd_left ..)] theorem add_def' (a b : Rat) : a + b = mkRat (a.num * b.den + b.num * a.den) (a.den * b.den) := by rw [add_def, normalize_eq_mkRat]
.lake/packages/batteries/Batteries/Data/Rat/Lemmas.lean
206
213
theorem normalize_add_normalize (n₁ n₂) {d₁ d₂} (z₁ z₂) : normalize n₁ d₁ z₁ + normalize n₂ d₂ z₂ = normalize (n₁ * d₂ + n₂ * d₁) (d₁ * d₂) (Nat.mul_ne_zero z₁ z₂) := by
cases e₁ : normalize n₁ d₁ z₁; rcases normalize_num_den e₁ with ⟨g₁, zg₁, rfl, rfl⟩ cases e₂ : normalize n₂ d₂ z₂; rcases normalize_num_den e₂ with ⟨g₂, zg₂, rfl, rfl⟩ simp only [add_def]; rw [← normalize_mul_right _ (Nat.mul_ne_zero zg₁ zg₂)]; congr 1 · rw [Int.add_mul]; simp [Int.ofNat_mul, Int.mul_assoc, Int.mul_left_comm, Int.mul_comm] · simp [Nat.mul_left_comm, Nat.mul_comm]
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.DivisionRing import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.FreeAndStrongRankCondition noncomputable section universe u v v' v'' variable {K : Type u} {V V₁ : Type v} {V' V'₁ : Type v'} {V'' : Type v''} open Cardinal Basis Submodule Function Set namespace LinearMap section Ring variable [Ring K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] [AddCommGroup V₁] [Module K V₁] variable [AddCommGroup V'] [Module K V'] abbrev rank (f : V →ₗ[K] V') : Cardinal := Module.rank K (LinearMap.range f) #align linear_map.rank LinearMap.rank theorem rank_le_range (f : V →ₗ[K] V') : rank f ≤ Module.rank K V' := rank_submodule_le _ #align linear_map.rank_le_range LinearMap.rank_le_range theorem rank_le_domain (f : V →ₗ[K] V₁) : rank f ≤ Module.rank K V := rank_range_le _ #align linear_map.rank_le_domain LinearMap.rank_le_domain @[simp] theorem rank_zero [Nontrivial K] : rank (0 : V →ₗ[K] V') = 0 := by rw [rank, LinearMap.range_zero, rank_bot] #align linear_map.rank_zero LinearMap.rank_zero variable [AddCommGroup V''] [Module K V''] theorem rank_comp_le_left (g : V →ₗ[K] V') (f : V' →ₗ[K] V'') : rank (f.comp g) ≤ rank f := by refine rank_le_of_submodule _ _ ?_ rw [LinearMap.range_comp] exact LinearMap.map_le_range #align linear_map.rank_comp_le_left LinearMap.rank_comp_le_left theorem lift_rank_comp_le_right (g : V →ₗ[K] V') (f : V' →ₗ[K] V'') : Cardinal.lift.{v'} (rank (f.comp g)) ≤ Cardinal.lift.{v''} (rank g) := by rw [rank, rank, LinearMap.range_comp]; exact lift_rank_map_le _ _ #align linear_map.lift_rank_comp_le_right LinearMap.lift_rank_comp_le_right theorem lift_rank_comp_le (g : V →ₗ[K] V') (f : V' →ₗ[K] V'') : Cardinal.lift.{v'} (rank (f.comp g)) ≤ min (Cardinal.lift.{v'} (rank f)) (Cardinal.lift.{v''} (rank g)) := le_min (Cardinal.lift_le.mpr <| rank_comp_le_left _ _) (lift_rank_comp_le_right _ _) #align linear_map.lift_rank_comp_le LinearMap.lift_rank_comp_le variable [AddCommGroup V'₁] [Module K V'₁]
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Dimension/LinearMap.lean
72
73
theorem rank_comp_le_right (g : V →ₗ[K] V') (f : V' →ₗ[K] V'₁) : rank (f.comp g) ≤ rank g := by
simpa only [Cardinal.lift_id] using lift_rank_comp_le_right g f
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Exp import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Factorization.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.NormedSpace.Real #align_import analysis.special_functions.log.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f23a09ce6d3f367220dc3cecad6b7eb69eb01690" open Set Filter Function open Topology noncomputable section namespace Real variable {x y : ℝ} -- @[pp_nodot] -- Porting note: removed noncomputable def log (x : ℝ) : ℝ := if hx : x = 0 then 0 else expOrderIso.symm ⟨|x|, abs_pos.2 hx⟩ #align real.log Real.log theorem log_of_ne_zero (hx : x ≠ 0) : log x = expOrderIso.symm ⟨|x|, abs_pos.2 hx⟩ := dif_neg hx #align real.log_of_ne_zero Real.log_of_ne_zero theorem log_of_pos (hx : 0 < x) : log x = expOrderIso.symm ⟨x, hx⟩ := by rw [log_of_ne_zero hx.ne'] congr exact abs_of_pos hx #align real.log_of_pos Real.log_of_pos theorem exp_log_eq_abs (hx : x ≠ 0) : exp (log x) = |x| := by rw [log_of_ne_zero hx, ← coe_expOrderIso_apply, OrderIso.apply_symm_apply, Subtype.coe_mk] #align real.exp_log_eq_abs Real.exp_log_eq_abs theorem exp_log (hx : 0 < x) : exp (log x) = x := by rw [exp_log_eq_abs hx.ne'] exact abs_of_pos hx #align real.exp_log Real.exp_log theorem exp_log_of_neg (hx : x < 0) : exp (log x) = -x := by rw [exp_log_eq_abs (ne_of_lt hx)] exact abs_of_neg hx #align real.exp_log_of_neg Real.exp_log_of_neg theorem le_exp_log (x : ℝ) : x ≤ exp (log x) := by by_cases h_zero : x = 0 · rw [h_zero, log, dif_pos rfl, exp_zero] exact zero_le_one · rw [exp_log_eq_abs h_zero] exact le_abs_self _ #align real.le_exp_log Real.le_exp_log @[simp] theorem log_exp (x : ℝ) : log (exp x) = x := exp_injective <| exp_log (exp_pos x) #align real.log_exp Real.log_exp theorem surjOn_log : SurjOn log (Ioi 0) univ := fun x _ => ⟨exp x, exp_pos x, log_exp x⟩ #align real.surj_on_log Real.surjOn_log theorem log_surjective : Surjective log := fun x => ⟨exp x, log_exp x⟩ #align real.log_surjective Real.log_surjective @[simp] theorem range_log : range log = univ := log_surjective.range_eq #align real.range_log Real.range_log @[simp] theorem log_zero : log 0 = 0 := dif_pos rfl #align real.log_zero Real.log_zero @[simp] theorem log_one : log 1 = 0 := exp_injective <| by rw [exp_log zero_lt_one, exp_zero] #align real.log_one Real.log_one @[simp] theorem log_abs (x : ℝ) : log |x| = log x := by by_cases h : x = 0 · simp [h] · rw [← exp_eq_exp, exp_log_eq_abs h, exp_log_eq_abs (abs_pos.2 h).ne', abs_abs] #align real.log_abs Real.log_abs @[simp] theorem log_neg_eq_log (x : ℝ) : log (-x) = log x := by rw [← log_abs x, ← log_abs (-x), abs_neg] #align real.log_neg_eq_log Real.log_neg_eq_log theorem sinh_log {x : ℝ} (hx : 0 < x) : sinh (log x) = (x - x⁻¹) / 2 := by rw [sinh_eq, exp_neg, exp_log hx] #align real.sinh_log Real.sinh_log theorem cosh_log {x : ℝ} (hx : 0 < x) : cosh (log x) = (x + x⁻¹) / 2 := by rw [cosh_eq, exp_neg, exp_log hx] #align real.cosh_log Real.cosh_log theorem surjOn_log' : SurjOn log (Iio 0) univ := fun x _ => ⟨-exp x, neg_lt_zero.2 <| exp_pos x, by rw [log_neg_eq_log, log_exp]⟩ #align real.surj_on_log' Real.surjOn_log' theorem log_mul (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : log (x * y) = log x + log y := exp_injective <| by rw [exp_log_eq_abs (mul_ne_zero hx hy), exp_add, exp_log_eq_abs hx, exp_log_eq_abs hy, abs_mul] #align real.log_mul Real.log_mul theorem log_div (hx : x ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ 0) : log (x / y) = log x - log y := exp_injective <| by rw [exp_log_eq_abs (div_ne_zero hx hy), exp_sub, exp_log_eq_abs hx, exp_log_eq_abs hy, abs_div] #align real.log_div Real.log_div @[simp] theorem log_inv (x : ℝ) : log x⁻¹ = -log x := by by_cases hx : x = 0; · simp [hx] rw [← exp_eq_exp, exp_log_eq_abs (inv_ne_zero hx), exp_neg, exp_log_eq_abs hx, abs_inv] #align real.log_inv Real.log_inv theorem log_le_log_iff (h : 0 < x) (h₁ : 0 < y) : log x ≤ log y ↔ x ≤ y := by rw [← exp_le_exp, exp_log h, exp_log h₁] #align real.log_le_log Real.log_le_log_iff @[gcongr] lemma log_le_log (hx : 0 < x) (hxy : x ≤ y) : log x ≤ log y := (log_le_log_iff hx (hx.trans_le hxy)).2 hxy @[gcongr] theorem log_lt_log (hx : 0 < x) (h : x < y) : log x < log y := by rwa [← exp_lt_exp, exp_log hx, exp_log (lt_trans hx h)] #align real.log_lt_log Real.log_lt_log theorem log_lt_log_iff (hx : 0 < x) (hy : 0 < y) : log x < log y ↔ x < y := by rw [← exp_lt_exp, exp_log hx, exp_log hy] #align real.log_lt_log_iff Real.log_lt_log_iff
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Log/Basic.lean
159
159
theorem log_le_iff_le_exp (hx : 0 < x) : log x ≤ y ↔ x ≤ exp y := by
rw [← exp_le_exp, exp_log hx]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Polynomial.AlgebraMap import Mathlib.FieldTheory.Minpoly.IsIntegrallyClosed import Mathlib.RingTheory.PowerBasis #align_import ring_theory.is_adjoin_root from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f7fc89d5d5ff1db2d1242c7bb0e9062ce47ef47c" open scoped Polynomial open Polynomial noncomputable section universe u v -- Porting note: this looks like something that should not be here -- -- This class doesn't really make sense on a predicate -- Porting note(#5171): this linter isn't ported yet. -- @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] structure IsAdjoinRoot {R : Type u} (S : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring S] [Algebra R S] (f : R[X]) : Type max u v where map : R[X] →+* S map_surjective : Function.Surjective map ker_map : RingHom.ker map = Ideal.span {f} algebraMap_eq : algebraMap R S = map.comp Polynomial.C #align is_adjoin_root IsAdjoinRoot -- This class doesn't really make sense on a predicate -- @[nolint has_nonempty_instance] -- Porting note: This linter does not exist yet. structure IsAdjoinRootMonic {R : Type u} (S : Type v) [CommSemiring R] [Semiring S] [Algebra R S] (f : R[X]) extends IsAdjoinRoot S f where Monic : Monic f #align is_adjoin_root_monic IsAdjoinRootMonic section Ring variable {R : Type u} {S : Type v} [CommRing R] [Ring S] {f : R[X]} [Algebra R S] namespace IsAdjoinRoot def root (h : IsAdjoinRoot S f) : S := h.map X #align is_adjoin_root.root IsAdjoinRoot.root theorem subsingleton (h : IsAdjoinRoot S f) [Subsingleton R] : Subsingleton S := h.map_surjective.subsingleton #align is_adjoin_root.subsingleton IsAdjoinRoot.subsingleton
Mathlib/RingTheory/IsAdjoinRoot.lean
127
128
theorem algebraMap_apply (h : IsAdjoinRoot S f) (x : R) : algebraMap R S x = h.map (Polynomial.C x) := by
rw [h.algebraMap_eq, RingHom.comp_apply]
import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Basis.VectorSpace import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.Finite import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Subfield import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.RankNullity #align_import linear_algebra.dimension from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"47a5f8186becdbc826190ced4312f8199f9db6a5" noncomputable section universe u₀ u v v' v'' u₁' w w' variable {K R : Type u} {V V₁ V₂ V₃ : Type v} {V' V'₁ : Type v'} {V'' : Type v''} variable {ι : Type w} {ι' : Type w'} {η : Type u₁'} {φ : η → Type*} open Cardinal Basis Submodule Function Set section Module section Cardinal variable (K) variable [DivisionRing K] theorem max_aleph0_card_le_rank_fun_nat : max ℵ₀ #K ≤ Module.rank K (ℕ → K) := by have aleph0_le : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K (ℕ → K) := (rank_finsupp_self K ℕ).symm.trans_le (Finsupp.lcoeFun.rank_le_of_injective <| by exact DFunLike.coe_injective) refine max_le aleph0_le ?_ obtain card_K | card_K := le_or_lt #K ℵ₀ · exact card_K.trans aleph0_le by_contra! obtain ⟨⟨ιK, bK⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := K) (M := ℕ → K) let L := Subfield.closure (Set.range (fun i : ιK × ℕ ↦ bK i.1 i.2)) have hLK : #L < #K := by refine (Subfield.cardinal_mk_closure_le_max _).trans_lt (max_lt_iff.mpr ⟨mk_range_le.trans_lt ?_, card_K⟩) rwa [mk_prod, ← aleph0, lift_uzero, bK.mk_eq_rank'', mul_aleph0_eq aleph0_le] letI := Module.compHom K (RingHom.op L.subtype) obtain ⟨⟨ιL, bL⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := Lᵐᵒᵖ) (M := K) have card_ιL : ℵ₀ ≤ #ιL := by contrapose! hLK haveI := @Fintype.ofFinite _ (lt_aleph0_iff_finite.mp hLK) rw [bL.repr.toEquiv.cardinal_eq, mk_finsupp_of_fintype, ← MulOpposite.opEquiv.cardinal_eq] at card_K ⊢ apply power_nat_le contrapose! card_K exact (power_lt_aleph0 card_K <| nat_lt_aleph0 _).le obtain ⟨e⟩ := lift_mk_le'.mp (card_ιL.trans_eq (lift_uzero #ιL).symm) have rep_e := bK.total_repr (bL ∘ e) rw [Finsupp.total_apply, Finsupp.sum] at rep_e set c := bK.repr (bL ∘ e) set s := c.support let f i (j : s) : L := ⟨bK j i, Subfield.subset_closure ⟨(j, i), rfl⟩⟩ have : ¬LinearIndependent Lᵐᵒᵖ f := fun h ↦ by have := h.cardinal_lift_le_rank rw [lift_uzero, (LinearEquiv.piCongrRight fun _ ↦ MulOpposite.opLinearEquiv Lᵐᵒᵖ).rank_eq, rank_fun'] at this exact (nat_lt_aleph0 _).not_le this obtain ⟨t, g, eq0, i, hi, hgi⟩ := not_linearIndependent_iff.mp this refine hgi (linearIndependent_iff'.mp (bL.linearIndependent.comp e e.injective) t g ?_ i hi) clear_value c s simp_rw [← rep_e, Finset.sum_apply, Pi.smul_apply, Finset.smul_sum] rw [Finset.sum_comm] refine Finset.sum_eq_zero fun i hi ↦ ?_ replace eq0 := congr_arg L.subtype (congr_fun eq0 ⟨i, hi⟩) rw [Finset.sum_apply, map_sum] at eq0 have : SMulCommClass Lᵐᵒᵖ K K := ⟨fun _ _ _ ↦ mul_assoc _ _ _⟩ simp_rw [smul_comm _ (c i), ← Finset.smul_sum] erw [eq0, smul_zero] variable {K} open Function in theorem rank_fun_infinite {ι : Type v} [hι : Infinite ι] : Module.rank K (ι → K) = #(ι → K) := by obtain ⟨⟨ιK, bK⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := K) (M := ι → K) obtain ⟨e⟩ := lift_mk_le'.mp ((aleph0_le_mk_iff.mpr hι).trans_eq (lift_uzero #ι).symm) have := LinearMap.lift_rank_le_of_injective _ <| LinearMap.funLeft_injective_of_surjective K K _ (invFun_surjective e.injective) rw [lift_umax.{u,v}, lift_id'.{u,v}] at this have key := (lift_le.{v}.mpr <| max_aleph0_card_le_rank_fun_nat K).trans this rw [lift_max, lift_aleph0, max_le_iff] at key haveI : Infinite ιK := by rw [← aleph0_le_mk_iff, bK.mk_eq_rank'']; exact key.1 rw [bK.repr.toEquiv.cardinal_eq, mk_finsupp_lift_of_infinite, lift_umax.{u,v}, lift_id'.{u,v}, bK.mk_eq_rank'', eq_comm, max_eq_left] exact key.2 theorem rank_dual_eq_card_dual_of_aleph0_le_rank' {V : Type*} [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] (h : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K V) : Module.rank Kᵐᵒᵖ (V →ₗ[K] K) = #(V →ₗ[K] K) := by obtain ⟨⟨ι, b⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := K) (M := V) rw [← b.mk_eq_rank'', aleph0_le_mk_iff] at h have e := (b.constr Kᵐᵒᵖ (M' := K)).symm.trans (LinearEquiv.piCongrRight fun _ ↦ MulOpposite.opLinearEquiv Kᵐᵒᵖ) rw [e.rank_eq, e.toEquiv.cardinal_eq] apply rank_fun_infinite theorem rank_dual_eq_card_dual_of_aleph0_le_rank {K V} [Field K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] (h : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K V) : Module.rank K (V →ₗ[K] K) = #(V →ₗ[K] K) := by obtain ⟨⟨ι, b⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := K) (M := V) rw [← b.mk_eq_rank'', aleph0_le_mk_iff] at h have e := (b.constr K (M' := K)).symm rw [e.rank_eq, e.toEquiv.cardinal_eq] apply rank_fun_infinite theorem lift_rank_lt_rank_dual' {V : Type v} [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] (h : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K V) : Cardinal.lift.{u} (Module.rank K V) < Module.rank Kᵐᵒᵖ (V →ₗ[K] K) := by obtain ⟨⟨ι, b⟩⟩ := Module.Free.exists_basis (R := K) (M := V) rw [← b.mk_eq_rank'', rank_dual_eq_card_dual_of_aleph0_le_rank' h, ← (b.constr ℕ (M' := K)).toEquiv.cardinal_eq, mk_arrow] apply cantor' erw [nat_lt_lift_iff, one_lt_iff_nontrivial] infer_instance theorem lift_rank_lt_rank_dual {K : Type u} {V : Type v} [Field K] [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] (h : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K V) : Cardinal.lift.{u} (Module.rank K V) < Module.rank K (V →ₗ[K] K) := by rw [rank_dual_eq_card_dual_of_aleph0_le_rank h, ← rank_dual_eq_card_dual_of_aleph0_le_rank' h] exact lift_rank_lt_rank_dual' h
Mathlib/LinearAlgebra/Dimension/DivisionRing.lean
338
340
theorem rank_lt_rank_dual' {V : Type u} [AddCommGroup V] [Module K V] (h : ℵ₀ ≤ Module.rank K V) : Module.rank K V < Module.rank Kᵐᵒᵖ (V →ₗ[K] K) := by
convert lift_rank_lt_rank_dual' h; rw [lift_id]
import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Abelian.Basic import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Preadditive.Opposite import Mathlib.CategoryTheory.Limits.Opposites #align_import category_theory.abelian.opposite from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"a5ff45a1c92c278b03b52459a620cfd9c49ebc80" noncomputable section namespace CategoryTheory open CategoryTheory.Limits variable (C : Type*) [Category C] [Abelian C] -- Porting note: these local instances do not seem to be necessary --attribute [local instance] -- hasFiniteLimits_of_hasEqualizers_and_finite_products -- hasFiniteColimits_of_hasCoequalizers_and_finite_coproducts -- Abelian.hasFiniteBiproducts instance : Abelian Cᵒᵖ := by -- Porting note: priorities of `Abelian.has_kernels` and `Abelian.has_cokernels` have -- been set to 90 in `Abelian.Basic` in order to prevent a timeout here exact { normalMonoOfMono := fun f => normalMonoOfNormalEpiUnop _ (normalEpiOfEpi f.unop) normalEpiOfEpi := fun f => normalEpiOfNormalMonoUnop _ (normalMonoOfMono f.unop) } section variable {C} variable {X Y : C} (f : X ⟶ Y) {A B : Cᵒᵖ} (g : A ⟶ B) -- TODO: Generalize (this will work whenever f has a cokernel) -- (The abelian case is probably sufficient for most applications.) @[simps] def kernelOpUnop : (kernel f.op).unop ≅ cokernel f where hom := (kernel.lift f.op (cokernel.π f).op <| by simp [← op_comp]).unop inv := cokernel.desc f (kernel.ι f.op).unop <| by rw [← f.unop_op, ← unop_comp, f.unop_op] simp hom_inv_id := by rw [← unop_id, ← (cokernel.desc f _ _).unop_op, ← unop_comp] congr 1 ext simp [← op_comp] inv_hom_id := by ext simp [← unop_comp] #align category_theory.kernel_op_unop CategoryTheory.kernelOpUnop -- TODO: Generalize (this will work whenever f has a kernel) -- (The abelian case is probably sufficient for most applications.) @[simps] def cokernelOpUnop : (cokernel f.op).unop ≅ kernel f where hom := kernel.lift f (cokernel.π f.op).unop <| by rw [← f.unop_op, ← unop_comp, f.unop_op] simp inv := (cokernel.desc f.op (kernel.ι f).op <| by simp [← op_comp]).unop hom_inv_id := by rw [← unop_id, ← (kernel.lift f _ _).unop_op, ← unop_comp] congr 1 ext simp [← op_comp] inv_hom_id := by ext simp [← unop_comp] #align category_theory.cokernel_op_unop CategoryTheory.cokernelOpUnop @[simps!] def kernelUnopOp : Opposite.op (kernel g.unop) ≅ cokernel g := (cokernelOpUnop g.unop).op #align category_theory.kernel_unop_op CategoryTheory.kernelUnopOp @[simps!] def cokernelUnopOp : Opposite.op (cokernel g.unop) ≅ kernel g := (kernelOpUnop g.unop).op #align category_theory.cokernel_unop_op CategoryTheory.cokernelUnopOp theorem cokernel.π_op : (cokernel.π f.op).unop = (cokernelOpUnop f).hom ≫ kernel.ι f ≫ eqToHom (Opposite.unop_op _).symm := by simp [cokernelOpUnop] #align category_theory.cokernel.π_op CategoryTheory.cokernel.π_op theorem kernel.ι_op : (kernel.ι f.op).unop = eqToHom (Opposite.unop_op _) ≫ cokernel.π f ≫ (kernelOpUnop f).inv := by simp [kernelOpUnop] #align category_theory.kernel.ι_op CategoryTheory.kernel.ι_op @[simps!] def kernelOpOp : kernel f.op ≅ Opposite.op (cokernel f) := (kernelOpUnop f).op.symm #align category_theory.kernel_op_op CategoryTheory.kernelOpOp @[simps!] def cokernelOpOp : cokernel f.op ≅ Opposite.op (kernel f) := (cokernelOpUnop f).op.symm #align category_theory.cokernel_op_op CategoryTheory.cokernelOpOp @[simps!] def kernelUnopUnop : kernel g.unop ≅ (cokernel g).unop := (kernelUnopOp g).unop.symm #align category_theory.kernel_unop_unop CategoryTheory.kernelUnopUnop theorem kernel.ι_unop : (kernel.ι g.unop).op = eqToHom (Opposite.op_unop _) ≫ cokernel.π g ≫ (kernelUnopOp g).inv := by simp #align category_theory.kernel.ι_unop CategoryTheory.kernel.ι_unop
Mathlib/CategoryTheory/Abelian/Opposite.lean
129
132
theorem cokernel.π_unop : (cokernel.π g.unop).op = (cokernelUnopOp g).hom ≫ kernel.ι g ≫ eqToHom (Opposite.op_unop _).symm := by
simp
import Mathlib.Data.Fin.Tuple.Basic import Mathlib.Data.List.Join #align_import data.list.of_fn from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"bf27744463e9620ca4e4ebe951fe83530ae6949b" universe u variable {α : Type u} open Nat namespace List #noalign list.length_of_fn_aux @[simp] theorem length_ofFn_go {n} (f : Fin n → α) (i j h) : length (ofFn.go f i j h) = i := by induction i generalizing j <;> simp_all [ofFn.go] @[simp] theorem length_ofFn {n} (f : Fin n → α) : length (ofFn f) = n := by simp [ofFn, length_ofFn_go] #align list.length_of_fn List.length_ofFn #noalign list.nth_of_fn_aux theorem get_ofFn_go {n} (f : Fin n → α) (i j h) (k) (hk) : get (ofFn.go f i j h) ⟨k, hk⟩ = f ⟨j + k, by simp at hk; omega⟩ := by let i+1 := i cases k <;> simp [ofFn.go, get_ofFn_go (i := i)] congr 2; omega -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem @[simp] theorem get_ofFn {n} (f : Fin n → α) (i) : get (ofFn f) i = f (Fin.cast (by simp) i) := by cases i; simp [ofFn, get_ofFn_go] @[simp] theorem get?_ofFn {n} (f : Fin n → α) (i) : get? (ofFn f) i = ofFnNthVal f i := if h : i < (ofFn f).length then by rw [get?_eq_get h, get_ofFn] · simp only [length_ofFn] at h; simp [ofFnNthVal, h] else by rw [ofFnNthVal, dif_neg] <;> simpa using h #align list.nth_of_fn List.get?_ofFn set_option linter.deprecated false in @[deprecated get_ofFn (since := "2023-01-17")] theorem nthLe_ofFn {n} (f : Fin n → α) (i : Fin n) : nthLe (ofFn f) i ((length_ofFn f).symm ▸ i.2) = f i := by simp [nthLe] #align list.nth_le_of_fn List.nthLe_ofFn set_option linter.deprecated false in @[simp, deprecated get_ofFn (since := "2023-01-17")] theorem nthLe_ofFn' {n} (f : Fin n → α) {i : ℕ} (h : i < (ofFn f).length) : nthLe (ofFn f) i h = f ⟨i, length_ofFn f ▸ h⟩ := nthLe_ofFn f ⟨i, length_ofFn f ▸ h⟩ #align list.nth_le_of_fn' List.nthLe_ofFn' @[simp] theorem map_ofFn {β : Type*} {n : ℕ} (f : Fin n → α) (g : α → β) : map g (ofFn f) = ofFn (g ∘ f) := ext_get (by simp) fun i h h' => by simp #align list.map_of_fn List.map_ofFn -- Porting note: we don't have Array' in mathlib4 -- -- theorem array_eq_of_fn {n} (a : Array' n α) : a.toList = ofFn a.read := -- by -- suffices ∀ {m h l}, DArray.revIterateAux a (fun i => cons) m h l = -- ofFnAux (DArray.read a) m h l -- from this -- intros; induction' m with m IH generalizing l; · rfl -- simp only [DArray.revIterateAux, of_fn_aux, IH] -- #align list.array_eq_of_fn List.array_eq_of_fn @[congr] theorem ofFn_congr {m n : ℕ} (h : m = n) (f : Fin m → α) : ofFn f = ofFn fun i : Fin n => f (Fin.cast h.symm i) := by subst h simp_rw [Fin.cast_refl, id] #align list.of_fn_congr List.ofFn_congr @[simp] theorem ofFn_zero (f : Fin 0 → α) : ofFn f = [] := ext_get (by simp) (fun i hi₁ hi₂ => by contradiction) #align list.of_fn_zero List.ofFn_zero @[simp] theorem ofFn_succ {n} (f : Fin (succ n) → α) : ofFn f = f 0 :: ofFn fun i => f i.succ := ext_get (by simp) (fun i hi₁ hi₂ => by cases i · simp; rfl · simp) #align list.of_fn_succ List.ofFn_succ theorem ofFn_succ' {n} (f : Fin (succ n) → α) : ofFn f = (ofFn fun i => f (Fin.castSucc i)).concat (f (Fin.last _)) := by induction' n with n IH · rw [ofFn_zero, concat_nil, ofFn_succ, ofFn_zero] rfl · rw [ofFn_succ, IH, ofFn_succ, concat_cons, Fin.castSucc_zero] congr #align list.of_fn_succ' List.ofFn_succ' @[simp] theorem ofFn_eq_nil_iff {n : ℕ} {f : Fin n → α} : ofFn f = [] ↔ n = 0 := by cases n <;> simp only [ofFn_zero, ofFn_succ, eq_self_iff_true, Nat.succ_ne_zero] #align list.of_fn_eq_nil_iff List.ofFn_eq_nil_iff theorem last_ofFn {n : ℕ} (f : Fin n → α) (h : ofFn f ≠ []) (hn : n - 1 < n := Nat.pred_lt <| ofFn_eq_nil_iff.not.mp h) : getLast (ofFn f) h = f ⟨n - 1, hn⟩ := by simp [getLast_eq_get] #align list.last_of_fn List.last_ofFn theorem last_ofFn_succ {n : ℕ} (f : Fin n.succ → α) (h : ofFn f ≠ [] := mt ofFn_eq_nil_iff.mp (Nat.succ_ne_zero _)) : getLast (ofFn f) h = f (Fin.last _) := last_ofFn f h #align list.last_of_fn_succ List.last_ofFn_succ theorem ofFn_add {m n} (f : Fin (m + n) → α) : List.ofFn f = (List.ofFn fun i => f (Fin.castAdd n i)) ++ List.ofFn fun j => f (Fin.natAdd m j) := by induction' n with n IH · rw [ofFn_zero, append_nil, Fin.castAdd_zero, Fin.cast_refl] rfl · rw [ofFn_succ', ofFn_succ', IH, append_concat] rfl #align list.of_fn_add List.ofFn_add @[simp] theorem ofFn_fin_append {m n} (a : Fin m → α) (b : Fin n → α) : List.ofFn (Fin.append a b) = List.ofFn a ++ List.ofFn b := by simp_rw [ofFn_add, Fin.append_left, Fin.append_right] #align list.of_fn_fin_append List.ofFn_fin_append theorem ofFn_mul {m n} (f : Fin (m * n) → α) : List.ofFn f = List.join (List.ofFn fun i : Fin m => List.ofFn fun j : Fin n => f ⟨i * n + j, calc ↑i * n + j < (i + 1) * n := (Nat.add_lt_add_left j.prop _).trans_eq (by rw [Nat.add_mul, Nat.one_mul]) _ ≤ _ := Nat.mul_le_mul_right _ i.prop⟩) := by induction' m with m IH · simp [ofFn_zero, Nat.zero_mul, ofFn_zero, join] · simp_rw [ofFn_succ', succ_mul, join_concat, ofFn_add, IH] rfl #align list.of_fn_mul List.ofFn_mul theorem ofFn_mul' {m n} (f : Fin (m * n) → α) : List.ofFn f = List.join (List.ofFn fun i : Fin n => List.ofFn fun j : Fin m => f ⟨m * i + j, calc m * i + j < m * (i + 1) := (Nat.add_lt_add_left j.prop _).trans_eq (by rw [Nat.mul_add, Nat.mul_one]) _ ≤ _ := Nat.mul_le_mul_left _ i.prop⟩) := by simp_rw [m.mul_comm, ofFn_mul, Fin.cast_mk] #align list.of_fn_mul' List.ofFn_mul' @[simp] theorem ofFn_get : ∀ l : List α, (ofFn (get l)) = l | [] => by rw [ofFn_zero] | a :: l => by rw [ofFn_succ] congr exact ofFn_get l @[simp] theorem ofFn_get_eq_map {β : Type*} (l : List α) (f : α → β) : ofFn (f <| l.get ·) = l.map f := by rw [← Function.comp_def, ← map_ofFn, ofFn_get] set_option linter.deprecated false in @[deprecated ofFn_get (since := "2023-01-17")] theorem ofFn_nthLe : ∀ l : List α, (ofFn fun i => nthLe l i i.2) = l := ofFn_get #align list.of_fn_nth_le List.ofFn_nthLe -- not registered as a simp lemma, as otherwise it fires before `forall_mem_ofFn_iff` which -- is much more useful theorem mem_ofFn {n} (f : Fin n → α) (a : α) : a ∈ ofFn f ↔ a ∈ Set.range f := by simp only [mem_iff_get, Set.mem_range, get_ofFn] exact ⟨fun ⟨i, hi⟩ => ⟨Fin.cast (by simp) i, hi⟩, fun ⟨i, hi⟩ => ⟨Fin.cast (by simp) i, hi⟩⟩ #align list.mem_of_fn List.mem_ofFn @[simp] theorem forall_mem_ofFn_iff {n : ℕ} {f : Fin n → α} {P : α → Prop} : (∀ i ∈ ofFn f, P i) ↔ ∀ j : Fin n, P (f j) := by simp only [mem_ofFn, Set.forall_mem_range] #align list.forall_mem_of_fn_iff List.forall_mem_ofFn_iff @[simp] theorem ofFn_const : ∀ (n : ℕ) (c : α), (ofFn fun _ : Fin n => c) = replicate n c | 0, c => by rw [ofFn_zero, replicate_zero] | n+1, c => by rw [replicate, ← ofFn_const n]; simp #align list.of_fn_const List.ofFn_const @[simp] theorem ofFn_fin_repeat {m} (a : Fin m → α) (n : ℕ) : List.ofFn (Fin.repeat n a) = (List.replicate n (List.ofFn a)).join := by simp_rw [ofFn_mul, ← ofFn_const, Fin.repeat, Fin.modNat, Nat.add_comm, Nat.add_mul_mod_self_right, Nat.mod_eq_of_lt (Fin.is_lt _)] #align list.of_fn_fin_repeat List.ofFn_fin_repeat @[simp]
Mathlib/Data/List/OfFn.lean
233
236
theorem pairwise_ofFn {R : α → α → Prop} {n} {f : Fin n → α} : (ofFn f).Pairwise R ↔ ∀ ⦃i j⦄, i < j → R (f i) (f j) := by
simp only [pairwise_iff_get, (Fin.rightInverse_cast (length_ofFn f)).surjective.forall, get_ofFn, lt_iff_not_le, Fin.cast_le_cast]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.JapaneseBracket import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Integrals import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Group.Integral import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Integral.IntegralEqImproper import Mathlib.MeasureTheory.Measure.Lebesgue.Integral #align_import analysis.special_functions.improper_integrals from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"fd5edc43dc4f10b85abfe544b88f82cf13c5f844" open Real Set Filter MeasureTheory intervalIntegral open scoped Topology theorem integrableOn_exp_Iic (c : ℝ) : IntegrableOn exp (Iic c) := by refine integrableOn_Iic_of_intervalIntegral_norm_bounded (exp c) c (fun y => intervalIntegrable_exp.1) tendsto_id (eventually_of_mem (Iic_mem_atBot 0) fun y _ => ?_) simp_rw [norm_of_nonneg (exp_pos _).le, integral_exp, sub_le_self_iff] exact (exp_pos _).le #align integrable_on_exp_Iic integrableOn_exp_Iic theorem integral_exp_Iic (c : ℝ) : ∫ x : ℝ in Iic c, exp x = exp c := by refine tendsto_nhds_unique (intervalIntegral_tendsto_integral_Iic _ (integrableOn_exp_Iic _) tendsto_id) ?_ simp_rw [integral_exp, show 𝓝 (exp c) = 𝓝 (exp c - 0) by rw [sub_zero]] exact tendsto_exp_atBot.const_sub _ #align integral_exp_Iic integral_exp_Iic theorem integral_exp_Iic_zero : ∫ x : ℝ in Iic 0, exp x = 1 := exp_zero ▸ integral_exp_Iic 0 #align integral_exp_Iic_zero integral_exp_Iic_zero theorem integral_exp_neg_Ioi (c : ℝ) : (∫ x : ℝ in Ioi c, exp (-x)) = exp (-c) := by simpa only [integral_comp_neg_Ioi] using integral_exp_Iic (-c) #align integral_exp_neg_Ioi integral_exp_neg_Ioi theorem integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero : (∫ x : ℝ in Ioi 0, exp (-x)) = 1 := by simpa only [neg_zero, exp_zero] using integral_exp_neg_Ioi 0 #align integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero integral_exp_neg_Ioi_zero theorem integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt {a : ℝ} (ha : a < -1) {c : ℝ} (hc : 0 < c) : IntegrableOn (fun t : ℝ => t ^ a) (Ioi c) := by have hd : ∀ x ∈ Ici c, HasDerivAt (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) (x ^ a) x := by intro x hx -- Porting note: helped `convert` with explicit arguments convert (hasDerivAt_rpow_const (p := a + 1) (Or.inl (hc.trans_le hx).ne')).div_const _ using 1 field_simp [show a + 1 ≠ 0 from ne_of_lt (by linarith), mul_comm] have ht : Tendsto (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) atTop (𝓝 (0 / (a + 1))) := by apply Tendsto.div_const simpa only [neg_neg] using tendsto_rpow_neg_atTop (by linarith : 0 < -(a + 1)) exact integrableOn_Ioi_deriv_of_nonneg' hd (fun t ht => rpow_nonneg (hc.trans ht).le a) ht #align integrable_on_Ioi_rpow_of_lt integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt theorem integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_iff {s t : ℝ} (ht : 0 < t) : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi t) ↔ s < -1 := by refine ⟨fun h ↦ ?_, fun h ↦ integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt h ht⟩ contrapose! h intro H have H' : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi (max 1 t)) := H.mono (Set.Ioi_subset_Ioi (le_max_right _ _)) le_rfl have : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x⁻¹) (Ioi (max 1 t)) := by apply H'.mono' measurable_inv.aestronglyMeasurable filter_upwards [ae_restrict_mem measurableSet_Ioi] with x hx have x_one : 1 ≤ x := ((le_max_left _ _).trans_lt (mem_Ioi.1 hx)).le simp only [norm_inv, Real.norm_eq_abs, abs_of_nonneg (zero_le_one.trans x_one)] rw [← Real.rpow_neg_one x] exact Real.rpow_le_rpow_of_exponent_le x_one h exact not_IntegrableOn_Ioi_inv this theorem not_integrableOn_Ioi_rpow (s : ℝ) : ¬ IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi (0 : ℝ)) := by intro h rcases le_or_lt s (-1) with hs|hs · have : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioo (0 : ℝ) 1) := h.mono Ioo_subset_Ioi_self le_rfl rw [integrableOn_Ioo_rpow_iff zero_lt_one] at this exact hs.not_lt this · have : IntegrableOn (fun x ↦ x ^ s) (Ioi (1 : ℝ)) := h.mono (Ioi_subset_Ioi zero_le_one) le_rfl rw [integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_iff zero_lt_one] at this exact hs.not_lt this theorem setIntegral_Ioi_zero_rpow (s : ℝ) : ∫ x in Ioi (0 : ℝ), x ^ s = 0 := MeasureTheory.integral_undef (not_integrableOn_Ioi_rpow s) theorem integral_Ioi_rpow_of_lt {a : ℝ} (ha : a < -1) {c : ℝ} (hc : 0 < c) : ∫ t : ℝ in Ioi c, t ^ a = -c ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1) := by have hd : ∀ x ∈ Ici c, HasDerivAt (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) (x ^ a) x := by intro x hx convert (hasDerivAt_rpow_const (p := a + 1) (Or.inl (hc.trans_le hx).ne')).div_const _ using 1 field_simp [show a + 1 ≠ 0 from ne_of_lt (by linarith), mul_comm] have ht : Tendsto (fun t => t ^ (a + 1) / (a + 1)) atTop (𝓝 (0 / (a + 1))) := by apply Tendsto.div_const simpa only [neg_neg] using tendsto_rpow_neg_atTop (by linarith : 0 < -(a + 1)) convert integral_Ioi_of_hasDerivAt_of_tendsto' hd (integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt ha hc) ht using 1 simp only [neg_div, zero_div, zero_sub] #align integral_Ioi_rpow_of_lt integral_Ioi_rpow_of_lt theorem integrableOn_Ioi_cpow_of_lt {a : ℂ} (ha : a.re < -1) {c : ℝ} (hc : 0 < c) : IntegrableOn (fun t : ℝ => (t : ℂ) ^ a) (Ioi c) := by rw [IntegrableOn, ← integrable_norm_iff, ← IntegrableOn] · refine (integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_of_lt ha hc).congr_fun (fun x hx => ?_) measurableSet_Ioi · dsimp only rw [Complex.norm_eq_abs, Complex.abs_cpow_eq_rpow_re_of_pos (hc.trans hx)] · refine ContinuousOn.aestronglyMeasurable (fun t ht => ?_) measurableSet_Ioi exact (Complex.continuousAt_ofReal_cpow_const _ _ (Or.inr (hc.trans ht).ne')).continuousWithinAt #align integrable_on_Ioi_cpow_of_lt integrableOn_Ioi_cpow_of_lt theorem integrableOn_Ioi_cpow_iff {s : ℂ} {t : ℝ} (ht : 0 < t) : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ ↦ (x : ℂ) ^ s) (Ioi t) ↔ s.re < -1 := by refine ⟨fun h ↦ ?_, fun h ↦ integrableOn_Ioi_cpow_of_lt h ht⟩ have B : IntegrableOn (fun a ↦ a ^ s.re) (Ioi t) := by apply (integrableOn_congr_fun _ measurableSet_Ioi).1 h.norm intro a ha have : 0 < a := ht.trans ha simp [Complex.abs_cpow_eq_rpow_re_of_pos this] rwa [integrableOn_Ioi_rpow_iff ht] at B
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/ImproperIntegrals.lean
141
152
theorem not_integrableOn_Ioi_cpow (s : ℂ) : ¬ IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ ↦ (x : ℂ) ^ s) (Ioi (0 : ℝ)) := by
intro h rcases le_or_lt s.re (-1) with hs|hs · have : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ ↦ (x : ℂ) ^ s) (Ioo (0 : ℝ) 1) := h.mono Ioo_subset_Ioi_self le_rfl rw [integrableOn_Ioo_cpow_iff zero_lt_one] at this exact hs.not_lt this · have : IntegrableOn (fun x : ℝ ↦ (x : ℂ) ^ s) (Ioi 1) := h.mono (Ioi_subset_Ioi zero_le_one) le_rfl rw [integrableOn_Ioi_cpow_iff zero_lt_one] at this exact hs.not_lt this
import Mathlib.Analysis.Convex.Hull #align_import analysis.convex.join from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"951bf1d9e98a2042979ced62c0620bcfb3587cf8" open Set variable {ι : Sort*} {𝕜 E : Type*} section OrderedSemiring variable (𝕜) [OrderedSemiring 𝕜] [AddCommMonoid E] [Module 𝕜 E] {s t s₁ s₂ t₁ t₂ u : Set E} {x y : E} def convexJoin (s t : Set E) : Set E := ⋃ (x ∈ s) (y ∈ t), segment 𝕜 x y #align convex_join convexJoin variable {𝕜} theorem mem_convexJoin : x ∈ convexJoin 𝕜 s t ↔ ∃ a ∈ s, ∃ b ∈ t, x ∈ segment 𝕜 a b := by simp [convexJoin] #align mem_convex_join mem_convexJoin theorem convexJoin_comm (s t : Set E) : convexJoin 𝕜 s t = convexJoin 𝕜 t s := (iUnion₂_comm _).trans <| by simp_rw [convexJoin, segment_symm] #align convex_join_comm convexJoin_comm theorem convexJoin_mono (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : convexJoin 𝕜 s₁ t₁ ⊆ convexJoin 𝕜 s₂ t₂ := biUnion_mono hs fun _ _ => biUnion_subset_biUnion_left ht #align convex_join_mono convexJoin_mono theorem convexJoin_mono_left (hs : s₁ ⊆ s₂) : convexJoin 𝕜 s₁ t ⊆ convexJoin 𝕜 s₂ t := convexJoin_mono hs Subset.rfl #align convex_join_mono_left convexJoin_mono_left theorem convexJoin_mono_right (ht : t₁ ⊆ t₂) : convexJoin 𝕜 s t₁ ⊆ convexJoin 𝕜 s t₂ := convexJoin_mono Subset.rfl ht #align convex_join_mono_right convexJoin_mono_right @[simp]
Mathlib/Analysis/Convex/Join.lean
57
57
theorem convexJoin_empty_left (t : Set E) : convexJoin 𝕜 ∅ t = ∅ := by
simp [convexJoin]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.Perm import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Perm.Finite import Mathlib.GroupTheory.Perm.List #align_import group_theory.perm.cycle.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"e8638a0fcaf73e4500469f368ef9494e495099b3" open Equiv Function Finset variable {ι α β : Type*} namespace Equiv.Perm section SameCycle variable {f g : Perm α} {p : α → Prop} {x y z : α} def SameCycle (f : Perm α) (x y : α) : Prop := ∃ i : ℤ, (f ^ i) x = y #align equiv.perm.same_cycle Equiv.Perm.SameCycle @[refl] theorem SameCycle.refl (f : Perm α) (x : α) : SameCycle f x x := ⟨0, rfl⟩ #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.refl Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.refl theorem SameCycle.rfl : SameCycle f x x := SameCycle.refl _ _ #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.rfl Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.rfl protected theorem _root_.Eq.sameCycle (h : x = y) (f : Perm α) : f.SameCycle x y := by rw [h] #align eq.same_cycle Eq.sameCycle @[symm] theorem SameCycle.symm : SameCycle f x y → SameCycle f y x := fun ⟨i, hi⟩ => ⟨-i, by rw [zpow_neg, ← hi, inv_apply_self]⟩ #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.symm Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.symm theorem sameCycle_comm : SameCycle f x y ↔ SameCycle f y x := ⟨SameCycle.symm, SameCycle.symm⟩ #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_comm Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_comm @[trans] theorem SameCycle.trans : SameCycle f x y → SameCycle f y z → SameCycle f x z := fun ⟨i, hi⟩ ⟨j, hj⟩ => ⟨j + i, by rw [zpow_add, mul_apply, hi, hj]⟩ #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.trans Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.trans variable (f) in theorem SameCycle.equivalence : Equivalence (SameCycle f) := ⟨SameCycle.refl f, SameCycle.symm, SameCycle.trans⟩ def SameCycle.setoid (f : Perm α) : Setoid α where iseqv := SameCycle.equivalence f @[simp] theorem sameCycle_one : SameCycle 1 x y ↔ x = y := by simp [SameCycle] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_one Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_one @[simp] theorem sameCycle_inv : SameCycle f⁻¹ x y ↔ SameCycle f x y := (Equiv.neg _).exists_congr_left.trans <| by simp [SameCycle] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_inv Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_inv alias ⟨SameCycle.of_inv, SameCycle.inv⟩ := sameCycle_inv #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.of_inv Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.of_inv #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.inv Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.inv @[simp] theorem sameCycle_conj : SameCycle (g * f * g⁻¹) x y ↔ SameCycle f (g⁻¹ x) (g⁻¹ y) := exists_congr fun i => by simp [conj_zpow, eq_inv_iff_eq] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_conj Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_conj theorem SameCycle.conj : SameCycle f x y → SameCycle (g * f * g⁻¹) (g x) (g y) := by simp [sameCycle_conj] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.conj Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.conj theorem SameCycle.apply_eq_self_iff : SameCycle f x y → (f x = x ↔ f y = y) := fun ⟨i, hi⟩ => by rw [← hi, ← mul_apply, ← zpow_one_add, add_comm, zpow_add_one, mul_apply, (f ^ i).injective.eq_iff] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.apply_eq_self_iff Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.apply_eq_self_iff theorem SameCycle.eq_of_left (h : SameCycle f x y) (hx : IsFixedPt f x) : x = y := let ⟨_, hn⟩ := h (hx.perm_zpow _).eq.symm.trans hn #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.eq_of_left Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.eq_of_left theorem SameCycle.eq_of_right (h : SameCycle f x y) (hy : IsFixedPt f y) : x = y := h.eq_of_left <| h.apply_eq_self_iff.2 hy #align equiv.perm.same_cycle.eq_of_right Equiv.Perm.SameCycle.eq_of_right @[simp] theorem sameCycle_apply_left : SameCycle f (f x) y ↔ SameCycle f x y := (Equiv.addRight 1).exists_congr_left.trans <| by simp [zpow_sub, SameCycle, Int.add_neg_one, Function.comp] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_apply_left Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_apply_left @[simp] theorem sameCycle_apply_right : SameCycle f x (f y) ↔ SameCycle f x y := by rw [sameCycle_comm, sameCycle_apply_left, sameCycle_comm] #align equiv.perm.same_cycle_apply_right Equiv.Perm.sameCycle_apply_right @[simp]
Mathlib/GroupTheory/Perm/Cycle/Basic.lean
137
138
theorem sameCycle_inv_apply_left : SameCycle f (f⁻¹ x) y ↔ SameCycle f x y := by
rw [← sameCycle_apply_left, apply_inv_self]
import Mathlib.Data.Finsupp.Multiset import Mathlib.Data.Nat.GCD.BigOperators import Mathlib.Data.Nat.PrimeFin import Mathlib.NumberTheory.Padics.PadicVal import Mathlib.Order.Interval.Finset.Nat #align_import data.nat.factorization.basic from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f694c7dead66f5d4c80f446c796a5aad14707f0e" -- Workaround for lean4#2038 attribute [-instance] instBEqNat open Nat Finset List Finsupp namespace Nat variable {a b m n p : ℕ} def factorization (n : ℕ) : ℕ →₀ ℕ where support := n.primeFactors toFun p := if p.Prime then padicValNat p n else 0 mem_support_toFun := by simp [not_or]; aesop #align nat.factorization Nat.factorization @[simp] lemma support_factorization (n : ℕ) : (factorization n).support = n.primeFactors := rfl theorem factorization_def (n : ℕ) {p : ℕ} (pp : p.Prime) : n.factorization p = padicValNat p n := by simpa [factorization] using absurd pp #align nat.factorization_def Nat.factorization_def @[simp] theorem factors_count_eq {n p : ℕ} : n.factors.count p = n.factorization p := by rcases n.eq_zero_or_pos with (rfl | hn0) · simp [factorization, count] if pp : p.Prime then ?_ else rw [count_eq_zero_of_not_mem (mt prime_of_mem_factors pp)] simp [factorization, pp] simp only [factorization_def _ pp] apply _root_.le_antisymm · rw [le_padicValNat_iff_replicate_subperm_factors pp hn0.ne'] exact List.le_count_iff_replicate_sublist.mp le_rfl |>.subperm · rw [← lt_add_one_iff, lt_iff_not_ge, ge_iff_le, le_padicValNat_iff_replicate_subperm_factors pp hn0.ne'] intro h have := h.count_le p simp at this #align nat.factors_count_eq Nat.factors_count_eq theorem factorization_eq_factors_multiset (n : ℕ) : n.factorization = Multiset.toFinsupp (n.factors : Multiset ℕ) := by ext p simp #align nat.factorization_eq_factors_multiset Nat.factorization_eq_factors_multiset theorem multiplicity_eq_factorization {n p : ℕ} (pp : p.Prime) (hn : n ≠ 0) : multiplicity p n = n.factorization p := by simp [factorization, pp, padicValNat_def' pp.ne_one hn.bot_lt] #align nat.multiplicity_eq_factorization Nat.multiplicity_eq_factorization @[simp] theorem factorization_prod_pow_eq_self {n : ℕ} (hn : n ≠ 0) : n.factorization.prod (· ^ ·) = n := by rw [factorization_eq_factors_multiset n] simp only [← prod_toMultiset, factorization, Multiset.prod_coe, Multiset.toFinsupp_toMultiset] exact prod_factors hn #align nat.factorization_prod_pow_eq_self Nat.factorization_prod_pow_eq_self theorem eq_of_factorization_eq {a b : ℕ} (ha : a ≠ 0) (hb : b ≠ 0) (h : ∀ p : ℕ, a.factorization p = b.factorization p) : a = b := eq_of_perm_factors ha hb (by simpa only [List.perm_iff_count, factors_count_eq] using h) #align nat.eq_of_factorization_eq Nat.eq_of_factorization_eq theorem factorization_inj : Set.InjOn factorization { x : ℕ | x ≠ 0 } := fun a ha b hb h => eq_of_factorization_eq ha hb fun p => by simp [h] #align nat.factorization_inj Nat.factorization_inj @[simp] theorem factorization_zero : factorization 0 = 0 := by ext; simp [factorization] #align nat.factorization_zero Nat.factorization_zero @[simp] theorem factorization_one : factorization 1 = 0 := by ext; simp [factorization] #align nat.factorization_one Nat.factorization_one #noalign nat.support_factorization #align nat.factor_iff_mem_factorization Nat.mem_primeFactors_iff_mem_factors #align nat.prime_of_mem_factorization Nat.prime_of_mem_primeFactors #align nat.pos_of_mem_factorization Nat.pos_of_mem_primeFactors #align nat.le_of_mem_factorization Nat.le_of_mem_primeFactors theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff (n p : ℕ) : n.factorization p = 0 ↔ ¬p.Prime ∨ ¬p ∣ n ∨ n = 0 := by simp_rw [← not_mem_support_iff, support_factorization, mem_primeFactors, not_and_or, not_ne_iff] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff Nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff @[simp] theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime (n : ℕ) {p : ℕ} (hp : ¬p.Prime) : n.factorization p = 0 := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_iff, hp] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd {n p : ℕ} (h : ¬p ∣ n) : n.factorization p = 0 := by simp [factorization_eq_zero_iff, h] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_lt {n p : ℕ} (h : n < p) : n.factorization p = 0 := Finsupp.not_mem_support_iff.mp (mt le_of_mem_primeFactors (not_le_of_lt h)) #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_lt Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_lt @[simp] theorem factorization_zero_right (n : ℕ) : n.factorization 0 = 0 := factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime _ not_prime_zero #align nat.factorization_zero_right Nat.factorization_zero_right @[simp] theorem factorization_one_right (n : ℕ) : n.factorization 1 = 0 := factorization_eq_zero_of_non_prime _ not_prime_one #align nat.factorization_one_right Nat.factorization_one_right theorem dvd_of_factorization_pos {n p : ℕ} (hn : n.factorization p ≠ 0) : p ∣ n := dvd_of_mem_factors <| mem_primeFactors_iff_mem_factors.1 <| mem_support_iff.2 hn #align nat.dvd_of_factorization_pos Nat.dvd_of_factorization_pos theorem Prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd {n p : ℕ} (hp : p.Prime) (hn : n ≠ 0) (h : p ∣ n) : 0 < n.factorization p := by rwa [← factors_count_eq, count_pos_iff_mem, mem_factors_iff_dvd hn hp] #align nat.prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd Nat.Prime.factorization_pos_of_dvd theorem factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder {p r : ℕ} (i : ℕ) (hr : ¬p ∣ r) : (p * i + r).factorization p = 0 := by apply factorization_eq_zero_of_not_dvd rwa [← Nat.dvd_add_iff_right (Dvd.intro i rfl)] #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder Nat.factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder {p r : ℕ} (i : ℕ) (pp : p.Prime) (hr0 : r ≠ 0) : ¬p ∣ r ↔ (p * i + r).factorization p = 0 := by refine ⟨factorization_eq_zero_of_remainder i, fun h => ?_⟩ rw [factorization_eq_zero_iff] at h contrapose! h refine ⟨pp, ?_, ?_⟩ · rwa [← Nat.dvd_add_iff_right (dvd_mul_right p i)] · contrapose! hr0 exact (add_eq_zero_iff.mp hr0).2 #align nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder Nat.factorization_eq_zero_iff_remainder
Mathlib/Data/Nat/Factorization/Basic.lean
188
190
theorem factorization_eq_zero_iff' (n : ℕ) : n.factorization = 0 ↔ n = 0 ∨ n = 1 := by
rw [factorization_eq_factors_multiset n] simp [factorization, AddEquiv.map_eq_zero_iff, Multiset.coe_eq_zero]
import Mathlib.Algebra.Module.Card import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.CountableCover import Mathlib.SetTheory.Cardinal.Continuum import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecificLimits.Normed import Mathlib.Topology.MetricSpace.Perfect universe u v open Filter Pointwise Set Function Cardinal open scoped Cardinal Topology theorem continuum_le_cardinal_of_nontriviallyNormedField (𝕜 : Type*) [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] [CompleteSpace 𝕜] : 𝔠 ≤ #𝕜 := by suffices ∃ f : (ℕ → Bool) → 𝕜, range f ⊆ univ ∧ Continuous f ∧ Injective f by rcases this with ⟨f, -, -, f_inj⟩ simpa using lift_mk_le_lift_mk_of_injective f_inj apply Perfect.exists_nat_bool_injection _ univ_nonempty refine ⟨isClosed_univ, preperfect_iff_nhds.2 (fun x _ U hU ↦ ?_)⟩ rcases NormedField.exists_norm_lt_one 𝕜 with ⟨c, c_pos, hc⟩ have A : Tendsto (fun n ↦ x + c^n) atTop (𝓝 (x + 0)) := tendsto_const_nhds.add (tendsto_pow_atTop_nhds_zero_of_norm_lt_one hc) rw [add_zero] at A have B : ∀ᶠ n in atTop, x + c^n ∈ U := tendsto_def.1 A U hU rcases B.exists with ⟨n, hn⟩ refine ⟨x + c^n, by simpa using hn, ?_⟩ simp only [ne_eq, add_right_eq_self] apply pow_ne_zero simpa using c_pos
Mathlib/Topology/Algebra/Module/Cardinality.lean
49
54
theorem continuum_le_cardinal_of_module (𝕜 : Type u) (E : Type v) [NontriviallyNormedField 𝕜] [CompleteSpace 𝕜] [AddCommGroup E] [Module 𝕜 E] [Nontrivial E] : 𝔠 ≤ #E := by
have A : lift.{v} (𝔠 : Cardinal.{u}) ≤ lift.{v} (#𝕜) := by simpa using continuum_le_cardinal_of_nontriviallyNormedField 𝕜 simpa using A.trans (Cardinal.mk_le_of_module 𝕜 E)
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Field.Basic import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Cast.Order import Mathlib.Tactic.Common #align_import data.nat.cast.field from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"acee671f47b8e7972a1eb6f4eed74b4b3abce829" namespace Nat variable {α : Type*} @[simp] theorem cast_div [DivisionSemiring α] {m n : ℕ} (n_dvd : n ∣ m) (hn : (n : α) ≠ 0) : ((m / n : ℕ) : α) = m / n := by rcases n_dvd with ⟨k, rfl⟩ have : n ≠ 0 := by rintro rfl; simp at hn rw [Nat.mul_div_cancel_left _ this.bot_lt, mul_comm n, cast_mul, mul_div_cancel_right₀ _ hn] #align nat.cast_div Nat.cast_div theorem cast_div_div_div_cancel_right [DivisionSemiring α] [CharZero α] {m n d : ℕ} (hn : d ∣ n) (hm : d ∣ m) : (↑(m / d) : α) / (↑(n / d) : α) = (m : α) / n := by rcases eq_or_ne d 0 with (rfl | hd); · simp [Nat.zero_dvd.1 hm] replace hd : (d : α) ≠ 0 := by norm_cast rw [cast_div hm, cast_div hn, div_div_div_cancel_right _ hd] <;> exact hd #align nat.cast_div_div_div_cancel_right Nat.cast_div_div_div_cancel_right section LinearOrderedSemifield variable [LinearOrderedSemifield α] lemma cast_inv_le_one : ∀ n : ℕ, (n⁻¹ : α) ≤ 1 | 0 => by simp | n + 1 => inv_le_one $ by simp [Nat.cast_nonneg] theorem cast_div_le {m n : ℕ} : ((m / n : ℕ) : α) ≤ m / n := by cases n · rw [cast_zero, div_zero, Nat.div_zero, cast_zero] rw [le_div_iff, ← Nat.cast_mul, @Nat.cast_le] · exact Nat.div_mul_le_self m _ · exact Nat.cast_pos.2 (Nat.succ_pos _) #align nat.cast_div_le Nat.cast_div_le theorem inv_pos_of_nat {n : ℕ} : 0 < ((n : α) + 1)⁻¹ := inv_pos.2 <| add_pos_of_nonneg_of_pos n.cast_nonneg zero_lt_one #align nat.inv_pos_of_nat Nat.inv_pos_of_nat
Mathlib/Data/Nat/Cast/Field.lean
65
67
theorem one_div_pos_of_nat {n : ℕ} : 0 < 1 / ((n : α) + 1) := by
rw [one_div] exact inv_pos_of_nat
import Mathlib.Data.List.OfFn import Mathlib.Data.List.Range #align_import data.list.indexes from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"8631e2d5ea77f6c13054d9151d82b83069680cb1" assert_not_exists MonoidWithZero universe u v open Function namespace List variable {α : Type u} {β : Type v} section MapIdx -- Porting note: Add back old definition because it's easier for writing proofs. protected def oldMapIdxCore (f : ℕ → α → β) : ℕ → List α → List β | _, [] => [] | k, a :: as => f k a :: List.oldMapIdxCore f (k + 1) as protected def oldMapIdx (f : ℕ → α → β) (as : List α) : List β := List.oldMapIdxCore f 0 as @[simp] theorem mapIdx_nil {α β} (f : ℕ → α → β) : mapIdx f [] = [] := rfl #align list.map_with_index_nil List.mapIdx_nil -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. protected theorem oldMapIdxCore_eq (l : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) (n : ℕ) : l.oldMapIdxCore f n = l.oldMapIdx fun i a ↦ f (i + n) a := by induction' l with hd tl hl generalizing f n · rfl · rw [List.oldMapIdx] simp only [List.oldMapIdxCore, hl, Nat.add_left_comm, Nat.add_comm, Nat.add_zero] #noalign list.map_with_index_core_eq -- Porting note: convert new definition to old definition. -- A few new theorems are added to achieve this -- 1. Prove that `oldMapIdxCore f (l ++ [e]) = oldMapIdxCore f l ++ [f l.length e]` -- 2. Prove that `oldMapIdx f (l ++ [e]) = oldMapIdx f l ++ [f l.length e]` -- 3. Prove list induction using `∀ l e, p [] → (p l → p (l ++ [e])) → p l` -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. theorem list_reverse_induction (p : List α → Prop) (base : p []) (ind : ∀ (l : List α) (e : α), p l → p (l ++ [e])) : (∀ (l : List α), p l) := by let q := fun l ↦ p (reverse l) have pq : ∀ l, p (reverse l) → q l := by simp only [q, reverse_reverse]; intro; exact id have qp : ∀ l, q (reverse l) → p l := by simp only [q, reverse_reverse]; intro; exact id intro l apply qp generalize (reverse l) = l induction' l with head tail ih · apply pq; simp only [reverse_nil, base] · apply pq; simp only [reverse_cons]; apply ind; apply qp; rw [reverse_reverse]; exact ih -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. protected theorem oldMapIdxCore_append : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (n : ℕ) (l₁ l₂ : List α), List.oldMapIdxCore f n (l₁ ++ l₂) = List.oldMapIdxCore f n l₁ ++ List.oldMapIdxCore f (n + l₁.length) l₂ := by intros f n l₁ l₂ generalize e : (l₁ ++ l₂).length = len revert n l₁ l₂ induction' len with len ih <;> intros n l₁ l₂ h · have l₁_nil : l₁ = [] := by cases l₁ · rfl · contradiction have l₂_nil : l₂ = [] := by cases l₂ · rfl · rw [List.length_append] at h; contradiction simp only [l₁_nil, l₂_nil]; rfl · cases' l₁ with head tail · rfl · simp only [List.oldMapIdxCore, List.append_eq, length_cons, cons_append,cons.injEq, true_and] suffices n + Nat.succ (length tail) = n + 1 + tail.length by rw [this] apply ih (n + 1) _ _ _ simp only [cons_append, length_cons, length_append, Nat.succ.injEq] at h simp only [length_append, h] rw [Nat.add_assoc]; simp only [Nat.add_comm] -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. protected theorem oldMapIdx_append : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (l : List α) (e : α), List.oldMapIdx f (l ++ [e]) = List.oldMapIdx f l ++ [f l.length e] := by intros f l e unfold List.oldMapIdx rw [List.oldMapIdxCore_append f 0 l [e]] simp only [Nat.zero_add]; rfl -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. theorem mapIdxGo_append : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (l₁ l₂ : List α) (arr : Array β), mapIdx.go f (l₁ ++ l₂) arr = mapIdx.go f l₂ (List.toArray (mapIdx.go f l₁ arr)) := by intros f l₁ l₂ arr generalize e : (l₁ ++ l₂).length = len revert l₁ l₂ arr induction' len with len ih <;> intros l₁ l₂ arr h · have l₁_nil : l₁ = [] := by cases l₁ · rfl · contradiction have l₂_nil : l₂ = [] := by cases l₂ · rfl · rw [List.length_append] at h; contradiction rw [l₁_nil, l₂_nil]; simp only [mapIdx.go, Array.toList_eq, Array.toArray_data] · cases' l₁ with head tail <;> simp only [mapIdx.go] · simp only [nil_append, Array.toList_eq, Array.toArray_data] · simp only [List.append_eq] rw [ih] · simp only [cons_append, length_cons, length_append, Nat.succ.injEq] at h simp only [length_append, h] -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. theorem mapIdxGo_length : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (l : List α) (arr : Array β), length (mapIdx.go f l arr) = length l + arr.size := by intro f l induction' l with head tail ih · intro; simp only [mapIdx.go, Array.toList_eq, length_nil, Nat.zero_add] · intro; simp only [mapIdx.go]; rw [ih]; simp only [Array.size_push, length_cons]; simp only [Nat.add_succ, add_zero, Nat.add_comm] -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. theorem mapIdx_append_one : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (l : List α) (e : α), mapIdx f (l ++ [e]) = mapIdx f l ++ [f l.length e] := by intros f l e unfold mapIdx rw [mapIdxGo_append f l [e]] simp only [mapIdx.go, Array.size_toArray, mapIdxGo_length, length_nil, Nat.add_zero, Array.toList_eq, Array.push_data, Array.data_toArray] -- Porting note (#10756): new theorem. protected theorem new_def_eq_old_def : ∀ (f : ℕ → α → β) (l : List α), l.mapIdx f = List.oldMapIdx f l := by intro f apply list_reverse_induction · rfl · intro l e h rw [List.oldMapIdx_append, mapIdx_append_one, h] @[local simp] theorem map_enumFrom_eq_zipWith : ∀ (l : List α) (n : ℕ) (f : ℕ → α → β), map (uncurry f) (enumFrom n l) = zipWith (fun i ↦ f (i + n)) (range (length l)) l := by intro l generalize e : l.length = len revert l induction' len with len ih <;> intros l e n f · have : l = [] := by cases l · rfl · contradiction rw [this]; rfl · cases' l with head tail · contradiction · simp only [map, uncurry_apply_pair, range_succ_eq_map, zipWith, Nat.zero_add, zipWith_map_left] rw [ih] · suffices (fun i ↦ f (i + (n + 1))) = ((fun i ↦ f (i + n)) ∘ Nat.succ) by rw [this] rfl funext n' a simp only [comp, Nat.add_assoc, Nat.add_comm, Nat.add_succ] simp only [length_cons, Nat.succ.injEq] at e; exact e theorem mapIdx_eq_enum_map (l : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) : l.mapIdx f = l.enum.map (Function.uncurry f) := by rw [List.new_def_eq_old_def] induction' l with hd tl hl generalizing f · rfl · rw [List.oldMapIdx, List.oldMapIdxCore, List.oldMapIdxCore_eq, hl] simp [map, enum_eq_zip_range, map_uncurry_zip_eq_zipWith] #align list.map_with_index_eq_enum_map List.mapIdx_eq_enum_map @[simp] theorem mapIdx_cons (l : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) (a : α) : mapIdx f (a :: l) = f 0 a :: mapIdx (fun i ↦ f (i + 1)) l := by simp [mapIdx_eq_enum_map, enum_eq_zip_range, map_uncurry_zip_eq_zipWith, range_succ_eq_map, zipWith_map_left] #align list.map_with_index_cons List.mapIdx_cons theorem mapIdx_append (K L : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) : (K ++ L).mapIdx f = K.mapIdx f ++ L.mapIdx fun i a ↦ f (i + K.length) a := by induction' K with a J IH generalizing f · rfl · simp [IH fun i ↦ f (i + 1), Nat.add_assoc, Nat.succ_eq_add_one] #align list.map_with_index_append List.mapIdx_append @[simp] theorem length_mapIdx (l : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) : (l.mapIdx f).length = l.length := by induction' l with hd tl IH generalizing f · rfl · simp [IH] #align list.length_map_with_index List.length_mapIdx @[simp] theorem mapIdx_eq_nil {f : ℕ → α → β} {l : List α} : List.mapIdx f l = [] ↔ l = [] := by rw [List.mapIdx_eq_enum_map, List.map_eq_nil, List.enum_eq_nil] set_option linter.deprecated false in @[simp, deprecated (since := "2023-02-11")]
Mathlib/Data/List/Indexes.lean
218
221
theorem nthLe_mapIdx (l : List α) (f : ℕ → α → β) (i : ℕ) (h : i < l.length) (h' : i < (l.mapIdx f).length := h.trans_le (l.length_mapIdx f).ge) : (l.mapIdx f).nthLe i h' = f i (l.nthLe i h) := by
simp [mapIdx_eq_enum_map, enum_eq_zip_range]
import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Fin import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.BigOperators.Group.Finset import Mathlib.Data.Finset.Sort import Mathlib.Data.Set.Subsingleton #align_import combinatorics.composition from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"92ca63f0fb391a9ca5f22d2409a6080e786d99f7" open List variable {n : ℕ} @[ext] structure Composition (n : ℕ) where blocks : List ℕ blocks_pos : ∀ {i}, i ∈ blocks → 0 < i blocks_sum : blocks.sum = n #align composition Composition @[ext] structure CompositionAsSet (n : ℕ) where boundaries : Finset (Fin n.succ) zero_mem : (0 : Fin n.succ) ∈ boundaries getLast_mem : Fin.last n ∈ boundaries #align composition_as_set CompositionAsSet instance {n : ℕ} : Inhabited (CompositionAsSet n) := ⟨⟨Finset.univ, Finset.mem_univ _, Finset.mem_univ _⟩⟩ namespace Composition variable (c : Composition n) instance (n : ℕ) : ToString (Composition n) := ⟨fun c => toString c.blocks⟩ abbrev length : ℕ := c.blocks.length #align composition.length Composition.length theorem blocks_length : c.blocks.length = c.length := rfl #align composition.blocks_length Composition.blocks_length def blocksFun : Fin c.length → ℕ := c.blocks.get #align composition.blocks_fun Composition.blocksFun theorem ofFn_blocksFun : ofFn c.blocksFun = c.blocks := ofFn_get _ #align composition.of_fn_blocks_fun Composition.ofFn_blocksFun theorem sum_blocksFun : ∑ i, c.blocksFun i = n := by conv_rhs => rw [← c.blocks_sum, ← ofFn_blocksFun, sum_ofFn] #align composition.sum_blocks_fun Composition.sum_blocksFun theorem blocksFun_mem_blocks (i : Fin c.length) : c.blocksFun i ∈ c.blocks := get_mem _ _ _ #align composition.blocks_fun_mem_blocks Composition.blocksFun_mem_blocks @[simp] theorem one_le_blocks {i : ℕ} (h : i ∈ c.blocks) : 1 ≤ i := c.blocks_pos h #align composition.one_le_blocks Composition.one_le_blocks @[simp] theorem one_le_blocks' {i : ℕ} (h : i < c.length) : 1 ≤ c.blocks.get ⟨i, h⟩ := c.one_le_blocks (get_mem (blocks c) i h) #align composition.one_le_blocks' Composition.one_le_blocks' @[simp] theorem blocks_pos' (i : ℕ) (h : i < c.length) : 0 < c.blocks.get ⟨i, h⟩ := c.one_le_blocks' h #align composition.blocks_pos' Composition.blocks_pos' theorem one_le_blocksFun (i : Fin c.length) : 1 ≤ c.blocksFun i := c.one_le_blocks (c.blocksFun_mem_blocks i) #align composition.one_le_blocks_fun Composition.one_le_blocksFun theorem length_le : c.length ≤ n := by conv_rhs => rw [← c.blocks_sum] exact length_le_sum_of_one_le _ fun i hi => c.one_le_blocks hi #align composition.length_le Composition.length_le theorem length_pos_of_pos (h : 0 < n) : 0 < c.length := by apply length_pos_of_sum_pos convert h exact c.blocks_sum #align composition.length_pos_of_pos Composition.length_pos_of_pos def sizeUpTo (i : ℕ) : ℕ := (c.blocks.take i).sum #align composition.size_up_to Composition.sizeUpTo @[simp] theorem sizeUpTo_zero : c.sizeUpTo 0 = 0 := by simp [sizeUpTo] #align composition.size_up_to_zero Composition.sizeUpTo_zero theorem sizeUpTo_ofLength_le (i : ℕ) (h : c.length ≤ i) : c.sizeUpTo i = n := by dsimp [sizeUpTo] convert c.blocks_sum exact take_all_of_le h #align composition.size_up_to_of_length_le Composition.sizeUpTo_ofLength_le @[simp] theorem sizeUpTo_length : c.sizeUpTo c.length = n := c.sizeUpTo_ofLength_le c.length le_rfl #align composition.size_up_to_length Composition.sizeUpTo_length theorem sizeUpTo_le (i : ℕ) : c.sizeUpTo i ≤ n := by conv_rhs => rw [← c.blocks_sum, ← sum_take_add_sum_drop _ i] exact Nat.le_add_right _ _ #align composition.size_up_to_le Composition.sizeUpTo_le theorem sizeUpTo_succ {i : ℕ} (h : i < c.length) : c.sizeUpTo (i + 1) = c.sizeUpTo i + c.blocks.get ⟨i, h⟩ := by simp only [sizeUpTo] rw [sum_take_succ _ _ h] #align composition.size_up_to_succ Composition.sizeUpTo_succ theorem sizeUpTo_succ' (i : Fin c.length) : c.sizeUpTo ((i : ℕ) + 1) = c.sizeUpTo i + c.blocksFun i := c.sizeUpTo_succ i.2 #align composition.size_up_to_succ' Composition.sizeUpTo_succ' theorem sizeUpTo_strict_mono {i : ℕ} (h : i < c.length) : c.sizeUpTo i < c.sizeUpTo (i + 1) := by rw [c.sizeUpTo_succ h] simp #align composition.size_up_to_strict_mono Composition.sizeUpTo_strict_mono theorem monotone_sizeUpTo : Monotone c.sizeUpTo := monotone_sum_take _ #align composition.monotone_size_up_to Composition.monotone_sizeUpTo def boundary : Fin (c.length + 1) ↪o Fin (n + 1) := (OrderEmbedding.ofStrictMono fun i => ⟨c.sizeUpTo i, Nat.lt_succ_of_le (c.sizeUpTo_le i)⟩) <| Fin.strictMono_iff_lt_succ.2 fun ⟨_, hi⟩ => c.sizeUpTo_strict_mono hi #align composition.boundary Composition.boundary @[simp] theorem boundary_zero : c.boundary 0 = 0 := by simp [boundary, Fin.ext_iff] #align composition.boundary_zero Composition.boundary_zero @[simp] theorem boundary_last : c.boundary (Fin.last c.length) = Fin.last n := by simp [boundary, Fin.ext_iff] #align composition.boundary_last Composition.boundary_last def boundaries : Finset (Fin (n + 1)) := Finset.univ.map c.boundary.toEmbedding #align composition.boundaries Composition.boundaries theorem card_boundaries_eq_succ_length : c.boundaries.card = c.length + 1 := by simp [boundaries] #align composition.card_boundaries_eq_succ_length Composition.card_boundaries_eq_succ_length def toCompositionAsSet : CompositionAsSet n where boundaries := c.boundaries zero_mem := by simp only [boundaries, Finset.mem_univ, exists_prop_of_true, Finset.mem_map] exact ⟨0, And.intro True.intro rfl⟩ getLast_mem := by simp only [boundaries, Finset.mem_univ, exists_prop_of_true, Finset.mem_map] exact ⟨Fin.last c.length, And.intro True.intro c.boundary_last⟩ #align composition.to_composition_as_set Composition.toCompositionAsSet theorem orderEmbOfFin_boundaries : c.boundaries.orderEmbOfFin c.card_boundaries_eq_succ_length = c.boundary := by refine (Finset.orderEmbOfFin_unique' _ ?_).symm exact fun i => (Finset.mem_map' _).2 (Finset.mem_univ _) #align composition.order_emb_of_fin_boundaries Composition.orderEmbOfFin_boundaries def embedding (i : Fin c.length) : Fin (c.blocksFun i) ↪o Fin n := (Fin.natAddOrderEmb <| c.sizeUpTo i).trans <| Fin.castLEOrderEmb <| calc c.sizeUpTo i + c.blocksFun i = c.sizeUpTo (i + 1) := (c.sizeUpTo_succ _).symm _ ≤ c.sizeUpTo c.length := monotone_sum_take _ i.2 _ = n := c.sizeUpTo_length #align composition.embedding Composition.embedding @[simp] theorem coe_embedding (i : Fin c.length) (j : Fin (c.blocksFun i)) : (c.embedding i j : ℕ) = c.sizeUpTo i + j := rfl #align composition.coe_embedding Composition.coe_embedding theorem index_exists {j : ℕ} (h : j < n) : ∃ i : ℕ, j < c.sizeUpTo (i + 1) ∧ i < c.length := by have n_pos : 0 < n := lt_of_le_of_lt (zero_le j) h have : 0 < c.blocks.sum := by rwa [← c.blocks_sum] at n_pos have length_pos : 0 < c.blocks.length := length_pos_of_sum_pos (blocks c) this refine ⟨c.length - 1, ?_, Nat.pred_lt (ne_of_gt length_pos)⟩ have : c.length - 1 + 1 = c.length := Nat.succ_pred_eq_of_pos length_pos simp [this, h] #align composition.index_exists Composition.index_exists def index (j : Fin n) : Fin c.length := ⟨Nat.find (c.index_exists j.2), (Nat.find_spec (c.index_exists j.2)).2⟩ #align composition.index Composition.index theorem lt_sizeUpTo_index_succ (j : Fin n) : (j : ℕ) < c.sizeUpTo (c.index j).succ := (Nat.find_spec (c.index_exists j.2)).1 #align composition.lt_size_up_to_index_succ Composition.lt_sizeUpTo_index_succ theorem sizeUpTo_index_le (j : Fin n) : c.sizeUpTo (c.index j) ≤ j := by by_contra H set i := c.index j push_neg at H have i_pos : (0 : ℕ) < i := by by_contra! i_pos revert H simp [nonpos_iff_eq_zero.1 i_pos, c.sizeUpTo_zero] let i₁ := (i : ℕ).pred have i₁_lt_i : i₁ < i := Nat.pred_lt (ne_of_gt i_pos) have i₁_succ : i₁ + 1 = i := Nat.succ_pred_eq_of_pos i_pos have := Nat.find_min (c.index_exists j.2) i₁_lt_i simp [lt_trans i₁_lt_i (c.index j).2, i₁_succ] at this exact Nat.lt_le_asymm H this #align composition.size_up_to_index_le Composition.sizeUpTo_index_le def invEmbedding (j : Fin n) : Fin (c.blocksFun (c.index j)) := ⟨j - c.sizeUpTo (c.index j), by rw [tsub_lt_iff_right, add_comm, ← sizeUpTo_succ'] · exact lt_sizeUpTo_index_succ _ _ · exact sizeUpTo_index_le _ _⟩ #align composition.inv_embedding Composition.invEmbedding @[simp] theorem coe_invEmbedding (j : Fin n) : (c.invEmbedding j : ℕ) = j - c.sizeUpTo (c.index j) := rfl #align composition.coe_inv_embedding Composition.coe_invEmbedding theorem embedding_comp_inv (j : Fin n) : c.embedding (c.index j) (c.invEmbedding j) = j := by rw [Fin.ext_iff] apply add_tsub_cancel_of_le (c.sizeUpTo_index_le j) #align composition.embedding_comp_inv Composition.embedding_comp_inv theorem mem_range_embedding_iff {j : Fin n} {i : Fin c.length} : j ∈ Set.range (c.embedding i) ↔ c.sizeUpTo i ≤ j ∧ (j : ℕ) < c.sizeUpTo (i : ℕ).succ := by constructor · intro h rcases Set.mem_range.2 h with ⟨k, hk⟩ rw [Fin.ext_iff] at hk dsimp at hk rw [← hk] simp [sizeUpTo_succ', k.is_lt] · intro h apply Set.mem_range.2 refine ⟨⟨j - c.sizeUpTo i, ?_⟩, ?_⟩ · rw [tsub_lt_iff_left, ← sizeUpTo_succ'] · exact h.2 · exact h.1 · rw [Fin.ext_iff] exact add_tsub_cancel_of_le h.1 #align composition.mem_range_embedding_iff Composition.mem_range_embedding_iff
Mathlib/Combinatorics/Enumerative/Composition.lean
382
396
theorem disjoint_range {i₁ i₂ : Fin c.length} (h : i₁ ≠ i₂) : Disjoint (Set.range (c.embedding i₁)) (Set.range (c.embedding i₂)) := by
classical wlog h' : i₁ < i₂ · exact (this c h.symm (h.lt_or_lt.resolve_left h')).symm by_contra d obtain ⟨x, hx₁, hx₂⟩ : ∃ x : Fin n, x ∈ Set.range (c.embedding i₁) ∧ x ∈ Set.range (c.embedding i₂) := Set.not_disjoint_iff.1 d have A : (i₁ : ℕ).succ ≤ i₂ := Nat.succ_le_of_lt h' apply lt_irrefl (x : ℕ) calc (x : ℕ) < c.sizeUpTo (i₁ : ℕ).succ := (c.mem_range_embedding_iff.1 hx₁).2 _ ≤ c.sizeUpTo (i₂ : ℕ) := monotone_sum_take _ A _ ≤ x := (c.mem_range_embedding_iff.1 hx₂).1
import Mathlib.Algebra.Order.Ring.Defs import Mathlib.Algebra.Group.Int import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Dist import Mathlib.Data.Ordmap.Ordnode import Mathlib.Tactic.Abel import Mathlib.Tactic.Linarith #align_import data.ordmap.ordset from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"47b51515e69f59bca5cf34ef456e6000fe205a69" variable {α : Type*} namespace Ordnode theorem not_le_delta {s} (H : 1 ≤ s) : ¬s ≤ delta * 0 := not_le_of_gt H #align ordnode.not_le_delta Ordnode.not_le_delta theorem delta_lt_false {a b : ℕ} (h₁ : delta * a < b) (h₂ : delta * b < a) : False := not_le_of_lt (lt_trans ((mul_lt_mul_left (by decide)).2 h₁) h₂) <| by simpa [mul_assoc] using Nat.mul_le_mul_right a (by decide : 1 ≤ delta * delta) #align ordnode.delta_lt_false Ordnode.delta_lt_false def realSize : Ordnode α → ℕ | nil => 0 | node _ l _ r => realSize l + realSize r + 1 #align ordnode.real_size Ordnode.realSize def Sized : Ordnode α → Prop | nil => True | node s l _ r => s = size l + size r + 1 ∧ Sized l ∧ Sized r #align ordnode.sized Ordnode.Sized theorem Sized.node' {l x r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (node' l x r) := ⟨rfl, hl, hr⟩ #align ordnode.sized.node' Ordnode.Sized.node' theorem Sized.eq_node' {s l x r} (h : @Sized α (node s l x r)) : node s l x r = .node' l x r := by rw [h.1] #align ordnode.sized.eq_node' Ordnode.Sized.eq_node' theorem Sized.size_eq {s l x r} (H : Sized (@node α s l x r)) : size (@node α s l x r) = size l + size r + 1 := H.1 #align ordnode.sized.size_eq Ordnode.Sized.size_eq @[elab_as_elim] theorem Sized.induction {t} (hl : @Sized α t) {C : Ordnode α → Prop} (H0 : C nil) (H1 : ∀ l x r, C l → C r → C (.node' l x r)) : C t := by induction t with | nil => exact H0 | node _ _ _ _ t_ih_l t_ih_r => rw [hl.eq_node'] exact H1 _ _ _ (t_ih_l hl.2.1) (t_ih_r hl.2.2) #align ordnode.sized.induction Ordnode.Sized.induction theorem size_eq_realSize : ∀ {t : Ordnode α}, Sized t → size t = realSize t | nil, _ => rfl | node s l x r, ⟨h₁, h₂, h₃⟩ => by rw [size, h₁, size_eq_realSize h₂, size_eq_realSize h₃]; rfl #align ordnode.size_eq_real_size Ordnode.size_eq_realSize @[simp] theorem Sized.size_eq_zero {t : Ordnode α} (ht : Sized t) : size t = 0 ↔ t = nil := by cases t <;> [simp;simp [ht.1]] #align ordnode.sized.size_eq_zero Ordnode.Sized.size_eq_zero theorem Sized.pos {s l x r} (h : Sized (@node α s l x r)) : 0 < s := by rw [h.1]; apply Nat.le_add_left #align ordnode.sized.pos Ordnode.Sized.pos theorem dual_dual : ∀ t : Ordnode α, dual (dual t) = t | nil => rfl | node s l x r => by rw [dual, dual, dual_dual l, dual_dual r] #align ordnode.dual_dual Ordnode.dual_dual @[simp] theorem size_dual (t : Ordnode α) : size (dual t) = size t := by cases t <;> rfl #align ordnode.size_dual Ordnode.size_dual def BalancedSz (l r : ℕ) : Prop := l + r ≤ 1 ∨ l ≤ delta * r ∧ r ≤ delta * l #align ordnode.balanced_sz Ordnode.BalancedSz instance BalancedSz.dec : DecidableRel BalancedSz := fun _ _ => Or.decidable #align ordnode.balanced_sz.dec Ordnode.BalancedSz.dec def Balanced : Ordnode α → Prop | nil => True | node _ l _ r => BalancedSz (size l) (size r) ∧ Balanced l ∧ Balanced r #align ordnode.balanced Ordnode.Balanced instance Balanced.dec : DecidablePred (@Balanced α) | nil => by unfold Balanced infer_instance | node _ l _ r => by unfold Balanced haveI := Balanced.dec l haveI := Balanced.dec r infer_instance #align ordnode.balanced.dec Ordnode.Balanced.dec @[symm] theorem BalancedSz.symm {l r : ℕ} : BalancedSz l r → BalancedSz r l := Or.imp (by rw [add_comm]; exact id) And.symm #align ordnode.balanced_sz.symm Ordnode.BalancedSz.symm theorem balancedSz_zero {l : ℕ} : BalancedSz l 0 ↔ l ≤ 1 := by simp (config := { contextual := true }) [BalancedSz] #align ordnode.balanced_sz_zero Ordnode.balancedSz_zero theorem balancedSz_up {l r₁ r₂ : ℕ} (h₁ : r₁ ≤ r₂) (h₂ : l + r₂ ≤ 1 ∨ r₂ ≤ delta * l) (H : BalancedSz l r₁) : BalancedSz l r₂ := by refine or_iff_not_imp_left.2 fun h => ?_ refine ⟨?_, h₂.resolve_left h⟩ cases H with | inl H => cases r₂ · cases h (le_trans (Nat.add_le_add_left (Nat.zero_le _) _) H) · exact le_trans (le_trans (Nat.le_add_right _ _) H) (Nat.le_add_left 1 _) | inr H => exact le_trans H.1 (Nat.mul_le_mul_left _ h₁) #align ordnode.balanced_sz_up Ordnode.balancedSz_up theorem balancedSz_down {l r₁ r₂ : ℕ} (h₁ : r₁ ≤ r₂) (h₂ : l + r₂ ≤ 1 ∨ l ≤ delta * r₁) (H : BalancedSz l r₂) : BalancedSz l r₁ := have : l + r₂ ≤ 1 → BalancedSz l r₁ := fun H => Or.inl (le_trans (Nat.add_le_add_left h₁ _) H) Or.casesOn H this fun H => Or.casesOn h₂ this fun h₂ => Or.inr ⟨h₂, le_trans h₁ H.2⟩ #align ordnode.balanced_sz_down Ordnode.balancedSz_down theorem Balanced.dual : ∀ {t : Ordnode α}, Balanced t → Balanced (dual t) | nil, _ => ⟨⟩ | node _ l _ r, ⟨b, bl, br⟩ => ⟨by rw [size_dual, size_dual]; exact b.symm, br.dual, bl.dual⟩ #align ordnode.balanced.dual Ordnode.Balanced.dual def node3L (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : Ordnode α := node' (node' l x m) y r #align ordnode.node3_l Ordnode.node3L def node3R (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : Ordnode α := node' l x (node' m y r) #align ordnode.node3_r Ordnode.node3R def node4L : Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → Ordnode α | l, x, node _ ml y mr, z, r => node' (node' l x ml) y (node' mr z r) | l, x, nil, z, r => node3L l x nil z r #align ordnode.node4_l Ordnode.node4L -- should not happen def node4R : Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → Ordnode α | l, x, node _ ml y mr, z, r => node' (node' l x ml) y (node' mr z r) | l, x, nil, z, r => node3R l x nil z r #align ordnode.node4_r Ordnode.node4R -- should not happen def rotateL : Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → Ordnode α | l, x, node _ m y r => if size m < ratio * size r then node3L l x m y r else node4L l x m y r | l, x, nil => node' l x nil #align ordnode.rotate_l Ordnode.rotateL -- Porting note (#11467): during the port we marked these lemmas with `@[eqns]` -- to emulate the old Lean 3 behaviour. theorem rotateL_node (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (sz : ℕ) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : rotateL l x (node sz m y r) = if size m < ratio * size r then node3L l x m y r else node4L l x m y r := rfl theorem rotateL_nil (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) : rotateL l x nil = node' l x nil := rfl -- should not happen def rotateR : Ordnode α → α → Ordnode α → Ordnode α | node _ l x m, y, r => if size m < ratio * size l then node3R l x m y r else node4R l x m y r | nil, y, r => node' nil y r #align ordnode.rotate_r Ordnode.rotateR -- Porting note (#11467): during the port we marked these lemmas with `@[eqns]` -- to emulate the old Lean 3 behaviour. theorem rotateR_node (sz : ℕ) (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : rotateR (node sz l x m) y r = if size m < ratio * size l then node3R l x m y r else node4R l x m y r := rfl theorem rotateR_nil (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : rotateR nil y r = node' nil y r := rfl -- should not happen def balanceL' (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : Ordnode α := if size l + size r ≤ 1 then node' l x r else if size l > delta * size r then rotateR l x r else node' l x r #align ordnode.balance_l' Ordnode.balanceL' def balanceR' (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : Ordnode α := if size l + size r ≤ 1 then node' l x r else if size r > delta * size l then rotateL l x r else node' l x r #align ordnode.balance_r' Ordnode.balanceR' def balance' (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : Ordnode α := if size l + size r ≤ 1 then node' l x r else if size r > delta * size l then rotateL l x r else if size l > delta * size r then rotateR l x r else node' l x r #align ordnode.balance' Ordnode.balance' theorem dual_node' (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (node' l x r) = node' (dual r) x (dual l) := by simp [node', add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_node' Ordnode.dual_node' theorem dual_node3L (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (node3L l x m y r) = node3R (dual r) y (dual m) x (dual l) := by simp [node3L, node3R, dual_node', add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_node3_l Ordnode.dual_node3L theorem dual_node3R (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (node3R l x m y r) = node3L (dual r) y (dual m) x (dual l) := by simp [node3L, node3R, dual_node', add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_node3_r Ordnode.dual_node3R theorem dual_node4L (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (node4L l x m y r) = node4R (dual r) y (dual m) x (dual l) := by cases m <;> simp [node4L, node4R, node3R, dual_node3L, dual_node', add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_node4_l Ordnode.dual_node4L theorem dual_node4R (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (m : Ordnode α) (y : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (node4R l x m y r) = node4L (dual r) y (dual m) x (dual l) := by cases m <;> simp [node4L, node4R, node3L, dual_node3R, dual_node', add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_node4_r Ordnode.dual_node4R theorem dual_rotateL (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (rotateL l x r) = rotateR (dual r) x (dual l) := by cases r <;> simp [rotateL, rotateR, dual_node']; split_ifs <;> simp [dual_node3L, dual_node4L, node3R, add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_rotate_l Ordnode.dual_rotateL theorem dual_rotateR (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (rotateR l x r) = rotateL (dual r) x (dual l) := by rw [← dual_dual (rotateL _ _ _), dual_rotateL, dual_dual, dual_dual] #align ordnode.dual_rotate_r Ordnode.dual_rotateR theorem dual_balance' (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (balance' l x r) = balance' (dual r) x (dual l) := by simp [balance', add_comm]; split_ifs with h h_1 h_2 <;> simp [dual_node', dual_rotateL, dual_rotateR, add_comm] cases delta_lt_false h_1 h_2 #align ordnode.dual_balance' Ordnode.dual_balance' theorem dual_balanceL (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (balanceL l x r) = balanceR (dual r) x (dual l) := by unfold balanceL balanceR cases' r with rs rl rx rr · cases' l with ls ll lx lr; · rfl cases' ll with lls lll llx llr <;> cases' lr with lrs lrl lrx lrr <;> dsimp only [dual, id] <;> try rfl split_ifs with h <;> repeat simp [h, add_comm] · cases' l with ls ll lx lr; · rfl dsimp only [dual, id] split_ifs; swap; · simp [add_comm] cases' ll with lls lll llx llr <;> cases' lr with lrs lrl lrx lrr <;> try rfl dsimp only [dual, id] split_ifs with h <;> simp [h, add_comm] #align ordnode.dual_balance_l Ordnode.dual_balanceL theorem dual_balanceR (l : Ordnode α) (x : α) (r : Ordnode α) : dual (balanceR l x r) = balanceL (dual r) x (dual l) := by rw [← dual_dual (balanceL _ _ _), dual_balanceL, dual_dual, dual_dual] #align ordnode.dual_balance_r Ordnode.dual_balanceR theorem Sized.node3L {l x m y r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hm : Sized m) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (node3L l x m y r) := (hl.node' hm).node' hr #align ordnode.sized.node3_l Ordnode.Sized.node3L theorem Sized.node3R {l x m y r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hm : Sized m) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (node3R l x m y r) := hl.node' (hm.node' hr) #align ordnode.sized.node3_r Ordnode.Sized.node3R theorem Sized.node4L {l x m y r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hm : Sized m) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (node4L l x m y r) := by cases m <;> [exact (hl.node' hm).node' hr; exact (hl.node' hm.2.1).node' (hm.2.2.node' hr)] #align ordnode.sized.node4_l Ordnode.Sized.node4L theorem node3L_size {l x m y r} : size (@node3L α l x m y r) = size l + size m + size r + 2 := by dsimp [node3L, node', size]; rw [add_right_comm _ 1] #align ordnode.node3_l_size Ordnode.node3L_size theorem node3R_size {l x m y r} : size (@node3R α l x m y r) = size l + size m + size r + 2 := by dsimp [node3R, node', size]; rw [← add_assoc, ← add_assoc] #align ordnode.node3_r_size Ordnode.node3R_size theorem node4L_size {l x m y r} (hm : Sized m) : size (@node4L α l x m y r) = size l + size m + size r + 2 := by cases m <;> simp [node4L, node3L, node'] <;> [abel; (simp [size, hm.1]; abel)] #align ordnode.node4_l_size Ordnode.node4L_size theorem Sized.dual : ∀ {t : Ordnode α}, Sized t → Sized (dual t) | nil, _ => ⟨⟩ | node _ l _ r, ⟨rfl, sl, sr⟩ => ⟨by simp [size_dual, add_comm], Sized.dual sr, Sized.dual sl⟩ #align ordnode.sized.dual Ordnode.Sized.dual theorem Sized.dual_iff {t : Ordnode α} : Sized (.dual t) ↔ Sized t := ⟨fun h => by rw [← dual_dual t]; exact h.dual, Sized.dual⟩ #align ordnode.sized.dual_iff Ordnode.Sized.dual_iff theorem Sized.rotateL {l x r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (rotateL l x r) := by cases r; · exact hl.node' hr rw [Ordnode.rotateL_node]; split_ifs · exact hl.node3L hr.2.1 hr.2.2 · exact hl.node4L hr.2.1 hr.2.2 #align ordnode.sized.rotate_l Ordnode.Sized.rotateL theorem Sized.rotateR {l x r} (hl : @Sized α l) (hr : Sized r) : Sized (rotateR l x r) := Sized.dual_iff.1 <| by rw [dual_rotateR]; exact hr.dual.rotateL hl.dual #align ordnode.sized.rotate_r Ordnode.Sized.rotateR theorem Sized.rotateL_size {l x r} (hm : Sized r) : size (@Ordnode.rotateL α l x r) = size l + size r + 1 := by cases r <;> simp [Ordnode.rotateL] simp only [hm.1] split_ifs <;> simp [node3L_size, node4L_size hm.2.1] <;> abel #align ordnode.sized.rotate_l_size Ordnode.Sized.rotateL_size
Mathlib/Data/Ordmap/Ordset.lean
430
432
theorem Sized.rotateR_size {l x r} (hl : Sized l) : size (@Ordnode.rotateR α l x r) = size l + size r + 1 := by
rw [← size_dual, dual_rotateR, hl.dual.rotateL_size, size_dual, size_dual, add_comm (size l)]
import Mathlib.Analysis.SpecialFunctions.Pow.NNReal #align_import analysis.special_functions.pow.asymptotics from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"0b9eaaa7686280fad8cce467f5c3c57ee6ce77f8" set_option linter.uppercaseLean3 false noncomputable section open scoped Classical open Real Topology NNReal ENNReal Filter ComplexConjugate Finset Set namespace Complex section variable {α : Type*} {l : Filter α} {f g : α → ℂ} open Asymptotics
Mathlib/Analysis/SpecialFunctions/Pow/Asymptotics.lean
200
207
theorem isTheta_exp_arg_mul_im (hl : IsBoundedUnder (· ≤ ·) l fun x => |(g x).im|) : (fun x => Real.exp (arg (f x) * im (g x))) =Θ[l] fun _ => (1 : ℝ) := by
rcases hl with ⟨b, hb⟩ refine Real.isTheta_exp_comp_one.2 ⟨π * b, ?_⟩ rw [eventually_map] at hb ⊢ refine hb.mono fun x hx => ?_ erw [abs_mul] exact mul_le_mul (abs_arg_le_pi _) hx (abs_nonneg _) Real.pi_pos.le
import Mathlib.Analysis.LocallyConvex.Basic #align_import analysis.locally_convex.balanced_core_hull from "leanprover-community/mathlib"@"f2ce6086713c78a7f880485f7917ea547a215982" open Set Pointwise Topology Filter variable {𝕜 E ι : Type*} section balancedHull section SeminormedRing variable [SeminormedRing 𝕜] section SMul variable (𝕜) [SMul 𝕜 E] {s t : Set E} {x : E} def balancedCore (s : Set E) := ⋃₀ { t : Set E | Balanced 𝕜 t ∧ t ⊆ s } #align balanced_core balancedCore def balancedCoreAux (s : Set E) := ⋂ (r : 𝕜) (_ : 1 ≤ ‖r‖), r • s #align balanced_core_aux balancedCoreAux def balancedHull (s : Set E) := ⋃ (r : 𝕜) (_ : ‖r‖ ≤ 1), r • s #align balanced_hull balancedHull variable {𝕜} theorem balancedCore_subset (s : Set E) : balancedCore 𝕜 s ⊆ s := sUnion_subset fun _ ht => ht.2 #align balanced_core_subset balancedCore_subset theorem balancedCore_empty : balancedCore 𝕜 (∅ : Set E) = ∅ := eq_empty_of_subset_empty (balancedCore_subset _) #align balanced_core_empty balancedCore_empty theorem mem_balancedCore_iff : x ∈ balancedCore 𝕜 s ↔ ∃ t, Balanced 𝕜 t ∧ t ⊆ s ∧ x ∈ t := by simp_rw [balancedCore, mem_sUnion, mem_setOf_eq, and_assoc] #align mem_balanced_core_iff mem_balancedCore_iff theorem smul_balancedCore_subset (s : Set E) {a : 𝕜} (ha : ‖a‖ ≤ 1) : a • balancedCore 𝕜 s ⊆ balancedCore 𝕜 s := by rintro x ⟨y, hy, rfl⟩ rw [mem_balancedCore_iff] at hy rcases hy with ⟨t, ht1, ht2, hy⟩ exact ⟨t, ⟨ht1, ht2⟩, ht1 a ha (smul_mem_smul_set hy)⟩ #align smul_balanced_core_subset smul_balancedCore_subset theorem balancedCore_balanced (s : Set E) : Balanced 𝕜 (balancedCore 𝕜 s) := fun _ => smul_balancedCore_subset s #align balanced_core_balanced balancedCore_balanced theorem Balanced.subset_balancedCore_of_subset (hs : Balanced 𝕜 s) (h : s ⊆ t) : s ⊆ balancedCore 𝕜 t := subset_sUnion_of_mem ⟨hs, h⟩ #align balanced.subset_core_of_subset Balanced.subset_balancedCore_of_subset theorem mem_balancedCoreAux_iff : x ∈ balancedCoreAux 𝕜 s ↔ ∀ r : 𝕜, 1 ≤ ‖r‖ → x ∈ r • s := mem_iInter₂ #align mem_balanced_core_aux_iff mem_balancedCoreAux_iff
Mathlib/Analysis/LocallyConvex/BalancedCoreHull.lean
108
109
theorem mem_balancedHull_iff : x ∈ balancedHull 𝕜 s ↔ ∃ r : 𝕜, ‖r‖ ≤ 1 ∧ x ∈ r • s := by
simp [balancedHull]
import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.Inversion.Basic import Mathlib.Geometry.Euclidean.PerpBisector open Metric Function AffineMap Set AffineSubspace open scoped Topology variable {V P : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] [MetricSpace P] [NormedAddTorsor V P] {c x y : P} {R : ℝ} namespace EuclideanGeometry theorem inversion_mem_perpBisector_inversion_iff (hR : R ≠ 0) (hx : x ≠ c) (hy : y ≠ c) : inversion c R x ∈ perpBisector c (inversion c R y) ↔ dist x y = dist y c := by rw [mem_perpBisector_iff_dist_eq, dist_inversion_inversion hx hy, dist_inversion_center] have hx' := dist_ne_zero.2 hx have hy' := dist_ne_zero.2 hy field_simp [mul_assoc, mul_comm, hx, hx.symm, eq_comm] theorem inversion_mem_perpBisector_inversion_iff' (hR : R ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ c) : inversion c R x ∈ perpBisector c (inversion c R y) ↔ dist x y = dist y c ∧ x ≠ c := by rcases eq_or_ne x c with rfl | hx · simp [*] · simp [inversion_mem_perpBisector_inversion_iff hR hx hy, hx] theorem preimage_inversion_perpBisector_inversion (hR : R ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ c) : inversion c R ⁻¹' perpBisector c (inversion c R y) = sphere y (dist y c) \ {c} := Set.ext fun _ ↦ inversion_mem_perpBisector_inversion_iff' hR hy
Mathlib/Geometry/Euclidean/Inversion/ImageHyperplane.lean
56
59
theorem preimage_inversion_perpBisector (hR : R ≠ 0) (hy : y ≠ c) : inversion c R ⁻¹' perpBisector c y = sphere (inversion c R y) (R ^ 2 / dist y c) \ {c} := by
rw [← dist_inversion_center, ← preimage_inversion_perpBisector_inversion hR, inversion_inversion] <;> simp [*]