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<|im_start|>user ELI5: Is the amount of wealth which exists in the world a constant? If I gain more wealth, is someone else somewhere loosing money? I just want to know like if above is not the case if it is increasing or decreasing, is it possible that everyone will be rich or poor someday?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assis...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why do accidental notes in music have word accident in them?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant In old-school philosophy things were described as having an *essential nature*. Objects behaved according to their essential nature - rocks fell downwards, smoke rose upward, dogs barked, water flowed, o...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why is Disney allowed to merge with all of these other big companies, most recently 21st Century, and not suffer from monopoly laws? Just off the top of my head, they own Marvel, Lucasfilm, 21 Century, ESPN, ABC. How is this not considered monopolization in the eyes of the law?<|im_end|> <|im_sta...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How and when did we realize stock trading was something we needed? What prompted the first companies to issue stock for outsiders to buy shares in their company? Since the whole sector from the outside looks really silly (it isn't), how did the first few pioneers in the sector realize there was a...
<|im_start|>user Should I switch to Linux? Hey I just won a laptop in a coca cola prize contest (Lucky me). And I am studying programming (currently first year), so it will come in quite handy. Since I will be using it only for college work, i taught i should install Linux on it. I never used it before, so what do you ...
<|im_start|>user [WH40k] Chaos marines and death and other things. Does chaos marines truly die in battle, or are they reborn in the warp like demons? Or is that exclusive to people who have achived demonhood? If they premently die, how do they substain their numbers? I know that every leagion started at about 100 00...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: how are employees forced to sign non disclosure agreements? I always hear that former employees of corrupt companies were forced to sign NDA’s so they can’t speak about their time at their companies. Do they receive large settlements for these or what?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant It's usually...
<|im_start|>user CMV: It's a waste of money to buy protein powder. I like to workout, and protein powder has always seemed like a useful way to get a few extra grams of protein, especially if i'm busy. I have recently learned however that the FDA does not regulate the honesty of supplement labels, and only steps in whe...
<|im_start|>user ELI5:In Golf, how do they determine what the Par is for the hole?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Currently administering a college beginning golf class final exam. As stated above, par for the hole is based on yardage of the hole. Each hole, no matter the length, is appropriated 2 strokes for putts....
<|im_start|>user Does the moon have the proper nutrients in its surface "soil" to grow plants? If we dragged in a bunch of lunar dirt to a pressurized area and planted something like wheat grain into it, then added a bunch of earth soil bacteria into it, would the plant be able to healthily grow in the soil?<|im_end|> ...
<|im_start|>user Do we actually LEARN to walk, or do we ACQUIRE THE ABILITY to walk as our brains continue to develop? In most(?) species, newborns begin walking right away, so that's clearly not a learned behavior. I also know that humans are born with a LOT of neurological development still to occur. So... do human...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Labeling people as the "First African-American" or "First Woman" to do something does more to separate us than bring us together I think that all humans deserve the same amount of respect, all else being equal. In other words, if I don't know you at all, my respect for you won't change based on yo...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why do your eyelids get puffy after crying?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant There are a number of factors. Tears from strong emotions are less salty than regular tears which keep your eyeball moist. Since your eyelids are "more salty" than the tears, the water from your tears goes into your eye...
<|im_start|>user Can you explain 'Gödel Escher Bach - an Eternal Golden Braid' to me LI5?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant It tries to answer a question about mind: "Does mind follow rules?" and the related "Is Artificial intelligence possible?" While explaining this, Hofstadter references art, music and logic through ...
<|im_start|>user What should undergrad philosophy majors be doing to be successful in grad school? There are a couple of similar posts in the past, but it's always nice to hear from different/more people. Anything from study skills to networking is appreciated.<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant 1. Get good grades 2. Writ...
<|im_start|>user [MCU] Why Kangs from different timelines fight each other, but from another universes that exist in the multiverse don't?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Each universe has a timeline. There are multiple universes in the Multiverse. The Multiverse has its own timeline. He Who Remains was the Kang tha...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How do some mountains have an ecosystem around the peak? Wouldn't the nutrients from the soil of any wash down and make it difficult?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant "Life, uh, life finds a way" Extremophile bacteria can find ways to make energy/nutrients out of basically anything that'll react,...
<|im_start|>user Why is there such strong disdain towards non-physicalist theories of consciousness? I say disdain, cause I've read a few papers and articles recently and it seems like alongside regular criticisms of stuff like dualism, panpsychism, a lot of people really seem to have these really like....emotional rea...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How does a database handle 1 billion users? I'm really interested in how companies store such HUGE amounts of data but somehow retrieve and display the information in &lt;1s. I was looking at my Facebook activity for 2010 and it has the thousands upon thousands of posts I liked. You can't possib...
<|im_start|>user [General Sci-fi] How can a multi planet/multi system empire be governed in any effective way? Isn't there just too much to govern? And how does life really change much for the average person?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Technology is a major contributing factor. High tech settings like Star Trek ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why personal computers mostly use graphical user interfaces and mainframe/servers &amp; supercomputers are mostly controlled through command/text line? I know why PCs use GUI that is interactive for personal usage but for the sake of making a complete el5 question for others, I've included it.<|i...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why do animals like parrots and tortoises' live so long<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Most of the time, sexual organisms take one of two evolutionary paths to reproduction: either produce a ton of kids in a short life or fewer kids over a longer life. You usually don't see longer lived organism...
<|im_start|>user "The scandal of philosophy" - the unsolved problem of induction and its impact of rationality Before I start, let me state that I'm not trying to put forward an idea here rather just asking a question out of pure curiosity. Every time I read about the problem of induction and it's many proposed solut...
<|im_start|>user Is it more energy efficient to leave the heater on low when nobody is home, or to heat it up from cold when you get back? So this morning as I was the first to walk back into my freezing office after the holiday, I was reminded of an argument I used to have with my roommate when I lived in a drafty old...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: When and why does a company require a board of directors? How come it can sometimes overrule or even push out the owner?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant A board of directors is usually found at a public company. The board is elected by the shareholders (the owners) to run the company on their beh...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How does Velcro retain its strength through continuous use? Given the basic hook-loop mechanics, I would think it would become significantly less effective extremely quickly.<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant There are a couple factors that explain this. First, most loops don't find a hook each ti...
<|im_start|>user If an ant was the same size as a tiger, would still be able to lift 20 times its own weight?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant No. The problem starts when you scale up the length and all other measurements in equal proportion, then your volume (i.e. mass) grows with the third power of that length, while...
<|im_start|>user When citing a review in APA, do you cite the review, or the paper the review is citing? Usually if I'm reading a research paper and they cite something I want to cite, I read the original paper and cite it directly to make sure its correct and relevant, but I do not want to read 18 papers to write 2 se...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: why are humans so fragile and dependant to be successfully birthed but other animals are dropped onto the floor at birth and walk it off<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Other animals, such as the giraffe, have a much greater developmental focus in their legs and general musculature. Many of thes...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why is it uncomfortable to stand with both legs straight for extended periods of time?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Muscles in the legs massage the veins when you're walking. This helps the veins return blood back to the heart. If you're standing still all your muscles are tensed to keep you ...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Standardized testing should be abolished especially for children. Standardized testing is bad for a bunch of reasons: 1) It's stressful, you're under time pressure and what's on the test could be unexpected. 2) For many people it causes test anxiety 3) I don't believe it's an accurate ref...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why are multipack can and packets always "not to be sold separately"?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant There's laws involving how foodstuff must be labeled. They need nutrition information, ingredients and whatnot. Some products packed in multipacks don't have that info on them - it's on the out...
<|im_start|>user How did scientists measure the radius of atoms and other stuffs? They can seem to measure very accurate things at 10 decimal places. How do they do it?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant The most accurate measurements are spectroscopic measurements, in which the energy between states of e.g. atoms is meas...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How come my contact lenses are thin as paper, yet my glasses with same prescription have thick lenses<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant The contacts are closer to your eyes, so less refraction is necessary. There's a point when you can no longer where contacts because they'd be too big. There's als...
<|im_start|>user How does one respond to the assertion that because we haven't discovered the Higg's Boson, the entire field of particle physics is 'just a theory.' The person making this assertion disregarded my explanation that a Theory is the graduating point of an idea in the scientific community... They hold that ...
<|im_start|>user What does Foucault mean when he says “everything is a prison”? Does he even say that or is that just a meme?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Broadly, it's a perspective on power, where power is less directly possessed by people and groups than it is distributed through institutions and their logics of ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: What is a Markov chain? I keep hearing about them and after looking it up I'm not much closer to figuring it out.<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant A markov chain is simply a "path" of various destinations, where each direction you take has a certain probability of happening. For example, lets say...
<|im_start|>user CMV: People's weight is none of your goddamn business. Generally speaking, you have two sides on the "Fat Debate": the fat acceptance movement (Healthy At Every Size, etc.) and the fat shamers (who cajole fat people into losing weight, with either benign or malicious intentions. First of all, I don't ...
<|im_start|>user [Venture Bros/General] What is the difference between science and "super science?"<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Science is when you spend years of your life researching a single subject until you manage to make a slight advancement in your field. Super science is when you take a toaster and turn it ...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Spirituality or ways of living should not be considered a part of physical activities like Yoga or Sports. I was reading through the comments on [this post](https://www.reddit.com/r/gifs/comments/4xer5w/egyptian_judoka_refusing_to_shake_hands_with/?ref=share&amp;ref_source=link) on the Egyptian Ju...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: The Double-Slit Photon Experiment In the wise words of Bender, " Sweet photons. I don't know if you're waves or particles, but you go down smooth." Please help me understand why the results of this experiment were so counter what was predicted, and why the results impact our view of physics?<|im...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How can the unemployment rate increase when jobs are added? A CNN article (linked below) details how the U.S. economy gained 215,000 jobs in March. Yet the unemployment rate increased from 4.9% to 5%. The article says that this may be a result of people returning to the job market, but can that r...
<|im_start|>user What do philosophers from the analytic tradition think of Nietzsche? I originally read Nietzsche from a continental perspective (Foucault, Derrida etc) and I know his influence there has been massive. What I would like to know is what people who are more comfortable in the analytic tradition think of N...
<|im_start|>user What are some of the most major developments in philosophy of the last 20 years or so?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Here's some philosophy books that represent big developments: * Knowledge and its limits by Williamson * Every Thing Must Go by Ross and Ladyman * On What Matters by Parfit * What ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Humans have been around for roughly 100,000 years. Why have we advanced so much in the past 5000? I know that we have evolved to be more intelligent and capable, but why such a rapid increase lately?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Much of it is attributed to the Agricultural revolution. For some...
<|im_start|>user How is it that cable lines transmit real-time video for 100s of TV channels without a problem, but it takes hours to download that same amount of video data? I have a basic understanding of how a television receives a signal and displays its information. I understand how that it so fast. I just don't u...
<|im_start|>user How many times can I ask the same professor for a recommendation letter, and how to overcome intense discomfort of asking for these letters? Rec letters are always my least favorite part of any application, simply because I feel like an annoyance to my professors/recommenders every time I ask. I have o...
<|im_start|>user CMV: There's no issue with portraying fictional characters as different races. It's of my opinion that it's of no issue to change the race of a character if it has no effect on the overall story. This recently came to mind as there was a lot of backlash of the idea towards Idris Elba playing the part o...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How can casinos tell if you're counting cards playing blackjack? Unless you were actively illegally cheating aren't they just banning players based on a hunch?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant There are certain red flags that can alert them, including: - Players watching the cards more intently t...
<|im_start|>user Why don't humans eat one large meal and then not eat for a while, like some other predators? There are many predators that will hunt a large animal, eat a large amount of food, and then not eat for multiple days. What prevents human beings from doing the same thing? It seems our eating habits are ineff...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Federalism doesn't work in modern day populous countries and the founders of the U.S. would not have setup such a system had they known the implications at today's population levels. _____ During deliberations amongst the U.S. founding fathers, two contrary views emerged as potential models for a...
<|im_start|>user CMV: it's a good thing that birth rates are declining Declining birth rates have been in the news lately, and most of the reporting I've read has centered around the resulting demographic shift causing economic difficulties. While I'm sure there will be economic difficulties to overcome, I think it's n...
<|im_start|>user How to get "invited talks" as a postdoc? I am a postdoc in biomedical sciences and I am in the final stage of training. In preparation for the job application and to get my name and my research more exposed I have been going to conferences and giving short talks. However, I see in the tenure-track job ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: When saving a document on Microsoft Word "A file name can't contain any of the following characters: \ / : * ? " &lt; &gt; |". Why?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Windows uses these symbols for searches, command-line instructions, and the paths that define file locations. If you save using one o...
<|im_start|>user Is Plato's Republic a Serious Political Proposal? I was recently listening to the Partially Examined Life's episode on Plato's Republic and later on in the episode one of the hosts had mentioned that in academia, some treat Plato's Republic as a straightforward political proposal while others treat as ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5:What is the difference between Jews, Christians and Muslims when it comes to the soul and afterlife? If the goal is to be a good person and you get to live forever with god in heaven, don't they all agree? They all believe in a soul that lives forever don't they?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Th...
<|im_start|>user CMV: After a person has earned a certain amount of money in a year (say, north of £5,000,000), they should be charged at a tax rate of at least 80% About half of the world's wealth is currently held by the top 1% in society, a significantly higher tax rate for the very top earning members of society wi...
<|im_start|>user If I'm standing flat on a scale and swing my arms forcing my body down, where does the extra "weight" come from?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Newtons third law of motion, which basically says that for each action there is an equal and opposite reaction. So lifting your hands/arms up, pushes the rest...
<|im_start|>user Why is it difficult to see yellow on a white background? Assuming normal human vision, what is it about the human eye or the color yellow or both that makes yellow inherently more difficult to distinguish on a white background than other colors?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Perception of yellow and ...
<|im_start|>user During the carboniferous period, the oxygen level was ~35%. Now it is ~21%. There is less oxygen in atmosphere now. Where is that oxygen now? During the carboniferous period, the oxygen level was ~35%. Now,the level is ~21%. There was a 41.5% oxygen decrease in atmosphere. Considering the fact that the...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: We breath the through the lungs. The air goes in and out of our lungs. So why is it that most of the time it's our stomach that inflates rather than the chest?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Your body can expand the lungs 2 ways, the ribs can stretch out to expand your chest, or the diaphragm un...
<|im_start|>user Square-Cube Law? This law dictates that a titanic animal or creature could not exist because the bones could not support its weight, it would take longer for signals to reach the brain and other obvious problems, but this is confusing for me and the law seems really flimsy, wouldn't a creature of that ...
<|im_start|>user Why is the amount of work required to accelerate a body from 10m/s to 20m/s three times the work needed to accelerate a body from 0m/s to 10m/s? The kinetic energy of a body moving at 10m/s is 50\*mass and the kinetic energy of a body moving at 20m/s is 200\*mass. The work required to accelerate the bo...
<|im_start|>user I've recently heard about people who identify as "spiritual but not religious." Is there a philosophical sense to this (in essence, philosophers who would hold such a stance), and if so are there philosophers who identify as "religious but not spiritual."<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant This seems bett...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: How can eu countries have different inflation rates when they all use euros? Do euro have different value in each country? Edit: Thank you all for the answers.<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Inflation rate is based on what you can buy with a given amount of currency (or, equivalently, how much c...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why are there huge numbers of Africans and Asians living rough trying to sneak into the UK from France? Isn't France a similarly wealthy country?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant France has national ID cards which are necessary to do anything involved in living an ordinary life i.e. open a bank ac...
<|im_start|>user What's the difference between the vitamins you get from foods to those of supplements? Are the vitamins you get from food better than the ones you get from supplements? Say you have two clones, one who gets all of their vitamins from food and the other who gets all of their vitamins from supplements. H...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Nothing that requires action or work or money on the part of others can ever be a "right." A "right" is a legal claim of entitlement for something. In America, the Bill of Rights are very carefully worded as *negative* rights--meaning no one needs to do anything to secure them besides leave you al...
<|im_start|>user Changing your name after marriage? Hi folks, I'm in the first year of my MA psych program and I got hitched (yay!!) in October. Under my maiden name, I have been second/third author on two published chapters, and have presented about 5 posters at local &amp; international conferences. My question...
<|im_start|>user ELI5:Why can't fish that live in salt water survive in freshwater?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Osmosis is a process in cell membranes under which water goes from areas of low solute concentration to high solute concentration. Organisms generally can't live with lots of salt inside them, so saltwat...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why do some countries still struggle to make nuclear weapons? We hear pretty often than Iran is attempting to enrich uranium and make nuclear weapons. The same has been said of some other countries and there are countless other nations that would like nuclear weapons but can’t make them. How is ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why do bacteria build resistance to antibiotics, but not to things like alcohol, bleach, and boiling? Why is nobody worried that a new chlorine-resistant bacteria strain will show up?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Antibiotics work to stop a particular bacterial process - say making proteins or ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: When bacteria die, for example when boiling water, where do their corpses go?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant When you take a close look at a bacteria, it's just a little bag of chemicals with a protective skin around it, plus some other stuff like hairs that can help it move. The chemicals are m...
<|im_start|>user Why can we effectively fight off bacteria but it seems like modern medicine can't help at all against viruses. Why are we still helpless against viruses?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Viruses and bacteria are inherently different things. Bacteria are simple prokaryotic organisms and with that come wi...
<|im_start|>user proficiency of math required before starting philosophy of math hi everyone, im an undergraduate interested in philosophy of math. but im not sure what level of math i should be proficient in before being able to take phil of math classes. i know that set theory knowledge and how to write proofs are pr...
<|im_start|>user ELI5:Why is it that when flies land on our LCD/LED screens, they don't get affected when we move windows or make some rapid movement which results in some colour change in the screen?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Fly fear responses are based mostly on air currents and visual stimuli from above the f...
<|im_start|>user Life outside academia I am a graduate student, and I always thought I would like to pursue an academic career. However, throughout college, I met many phd student, post-docs and professors; I have some real doubt that I want to have the life they have, in particular because it means dedicating -almost-...
<|im_start|>user What is the benefit of using telescopes outside of the visible spectrum? What information can you gather by observing other celestial bodies in radio/microwave/xray etc. that you couldnt in the visible spectrum?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant All normal matter (ie not dark matter or dark energy) emits...
<|im_start|>user Why does squinting slightly improve vision?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Squinting limits the directions from which light enters your eyes, which limits the number of rods and cones that activate. It also limits the amount of light entering your eyes, which can be helpful if you are in a very bright...
<|im_start|>user Is it possible to come up with a scientifically perfect diet for optimum human function?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant No. There is too much genetic variation in the metabolism of certain compounds to develop a single perfect diet. It is possible to develop personalized diets once we have a firm gras...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why's there still a "share" button for internet porn videos despite there being zero demand for it?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Three possibilities: 1) Someone out there actually uses the porn sharing function, so websites continue to use it. 2) Its a default option in the web video program...
<|im_start|>user [Star Trek] How do Combadges work? sometimes someone presses them before talking but other times they just speak a name into the air and they reply?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Combadges can detect when someone intends to communicate with another officer, so speaking into the air will generally aut...
<|im_start|>user I believe that calling yourself a "feminist" implies that you only recognize socio-economic issues as they relate to women, and give no regard to issues regarding men, otherwise you would call yourself a Humanist before a Feminist. Please CMV I think this is a big reason that people like myself don't t...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Americans have high material wealth because of smart protectionism, not free market policies America often takes credit for being a prosperous nation. This stems from the intuition of it practicing free market fundamentalism. What many overlook is that America's success derives from smart protecti...
<|im_start|>user ELI5:Why Doesn't the government tax churches?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant The idea is that religious institutions (e.g. Buddist temples, Christian churches, Jewish organizations) benefit society, so they should be assisted (or at least not hindered with taxes). For example, people that attend Chri...
<|im_start|>user ELI5, what does junk food actually do to our bodies that’s so bad? For example Mc Donalds. I know can cause cardio vascular diseases, fatty liver disease and cancer, but why? What does it actually do to my body that’s so damaging? It’s easy to say it’s bad for you but without knowing how it’s also ea...
<|im_start|>user What factors cause/increase the chance of rain? I am a student studying software and im playing around with a simple machine learning library. I want to create a small program that can predict if it is raining or not by looking at a list of numerical attributes that may suggest rainfall. Im dont have m...
<|im_start|>user Why does it take so much longer for the eyes to adapt to darkness than to brightness?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant When going from dark to light, all your eyes have to do is constrict the pupils to restrict the incoming light to a range that allows proper vision. When going from light to dark, 2 th...
<|im_start|>user CMV: Your tip shouldn't change depending on the cost of the meal I don't really get why tips are typically thought of in terms of percentages rather than absolute dollar value. Like--it's not substantially more work for the server to bring you a sixty dollar bottle of wine than a five dollar shot, so w...
<|im_start|>user [MCU] What happens if Ant Man drops an enlargement disc into a pool of water and activates it? Does the volume of water increase, do the water molecules get bigger, or something else?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant It would increase the atomic distance between the atoms of Hydrogen and oxygen in the m...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: why even when you’re dehydrated, do you sometimes have to wake up to urinate in the middle of the night?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Dehydration is your body not having enough water, that doesn’t mean that your body does not have any water. So you can still drink water, have you body ingest t...
<|im_start|>user [Jojo's Bizzare Adventure] [Stone Ocean] So can Whitesnake only remove Stand abilities specifically, or can it remove any "Ability" In the Heavy Weather arc Pucci used Whitsnake to remove his eyesight. Does this mean he can remove more mundane and non-stand related abilities and implant them into other...
<|im_start|>user [40K] What happens to wounded Imperial Guardsmen? Hey there. So I was doing my Guardsman 'thing' and defending a Forge world from horrors so dark that to contemplate them shrivels my will to speak forwards. Anyways. My Lasgun literally exploded in my hands, and my arms required double-amputation. I am ...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: Why is so much food packaged in plastic? I understand it's probably cheaper than using wood or metal or other forms of packaging but it's just so wasteful. I think people would prefer more "premium" packaging materials as well.<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Not only is it lighter than metal and...
<|im_start|>user How seriously is the golden rule taken in modern philosophy? I ask as someone who's never quite been convinced by deontology, utilitarianism, or virtue ethics. All of them make ethics seem too abstract, as almost otherworldly Ideals pressing down on us and demanding our attention. Forgive me, but it al...
<|im_start|>user Essential texts on ethics Hi all, I have been tasked to create ethics rules of judicial conduct for my country (yes, I absolutely want to brag) and besides the rules I am to produce also a commentary. I have pretty good idea about the rules themselves and how to spin them off of some legal concepts, h...
<|im_start|>user ELI5: What is a think tank and what do they do? In political news stories you often see mentions of "think tanks" that lean either left or right. I'm curious what exactly a think tank is. How are they formed? How are they funded? What do they do?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Think tanks are a sp...
<|im_start|>user If a human were to have a blood transfusion with a blood type that was not their own, what would happen?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant Because of the way the body recognizes the proteins on the erythrocytes (red blood cells), it depends. A simplified way of looking at it is purely using blood types. ...
<|im_start|>user Is it normal to still make silly mistakes as a postdoc? Started my first postdoc position three weeks ago. It's a bit of a shift for me; my PhD was in protein-RNA interaction biochemistry and crystallography, very in vitro, and I'm now shifting to a cell culture and bioinformatics lab. Well, I was doin...
<|im_start|>user How often do cancer cells develop in our body that self-terminate or are caught by the immune system before doing any harm?<|im_end|> <|im_start|>assistant We can estimate each parent line experiences cancer cells within 10-100 generations, depending on the cell type and risk factors. With each variabl...