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The inverted pendulum is a mechanical system with a rapidly oscillating pivot point. Using techniques similar in spirit to the methodology of effective field theories, we derive an effective Lagrangian that allows for the systematic computation of corrections to the so-called Kapitza equation. The derivation of the eff...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.14441v2
Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generating many different kinds of data, including images, text, and videos. Despite their success, there has been limited research on how the underlying diffusion process and the final convergent prior can affect generative performance; this research has a...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.02957v2
Exterior Dirichlet problems for two-dimensional lattice waves on the semi-infinite triangular lattice are considered. Namely, we study Dirichlet problems for the two-dimensional discrete Helmholtz equation in a plane with a hole. New results are obtained for the existence and uniqueness of the solution in the case of t...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.07888v1
Consider a diffusion process X=(X_t), with t in [0,1], observed at discrete times and high frequency, solution of a stochastic differential equation whose drift and diffusion coefficients are assumed to be unknown. In this article, we focus on the nonparametric esstimation of the diffusion coefficient. We propose ridge...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03960v3
LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is an indispensable sensor for precise long- and wide-range 3D sensing, which directly benefited the recent rapid deployment of autonomous driving (AD). Meanwhile, such a safety-critical application strongly motivates its security research. A recent line of research finds that one ca...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10555v2
The bulk of solar flare energy is deposited in the chromosphere. Flare ribbons and footpoints in the chromosphere therefore offer great diagnostic potential of flare energy release and transport processes. High quality observations from the IRIS spacecraft have transformed our view of the Sun's atmospheric response to ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07111v1
This paper investigates the performance of diffusion models for video anomaly detection (VAD) within the most challenging but also the most operational scenario in which the data annotations are not used. As being sparse, diverse, contextual, and often ambiguous, detecting abnormal events precisely is a very ambitious ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.05841v2
Recently, large-scale pre-trained Vision and Language (VL) models have set a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) in zero-shot visual classification enabling open-vocabulary recognition of potentially unlimited set of categories defined as simple language prompts. However, despite these great advances, the performance of these ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.18287v2
Temperature sampling is a conventional approach to diversify large language model predictions. As temperature increases, the prediction becomes diverse but also vulnerable to hallucinations -- generating tokens that are sensible but not factual. One common approach to mitigate hallucinations is to provide source/ground...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01286v2
Preventing the performance decay of Transformers on inputs longer than those used for training has been an important challenge in extending the context length of these models. Though the Transformer architecture has fundamentally no limits on the input sequence lengths it can process, the choice of position encoding us...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.04418v2
The cosmic origin of the elements, the fundamental chemical building blocks of the Universe, is still uncertain. Binary interactions play a key role in the evolution of many massive stars, yet their impact on chemical yields is poorly understood. Using the MESA stellar evolution code we predict the chemical yields ejec...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04520v1
As the dawn of sixth-generation (6G) networking approaches, it promises unprecedented advancements in communication and automation. Among the leading innovations of 6G is the concept of Zero Touch Networks (ZTNs), aiming to achieve fully automated, self-optimizing networks with minimal human intervention. Despite the a...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09376v1
There is an increasing need to hold players responsible for negative or positive impact that take place elsewhere in a value chain or a network. For example, countries or companies are held more and more responsible for their indirect carbon emissions. We introduce a responsibility value that allocates the total impact...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.02728v1
Intuitive entropic interpretations of the thermoelectric effect in metals predict an isotropic Seebeck coefficient at high temperatures in the incoherent regime even in anisotropic metals since entropy is not directional. $\mathrm{Sr}_2\mathrm{Ru}\mathrm{O}_4$ is an enigmatic material known for a well characterised ani...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.01403v1
This whitepaper introduces an innovative mechanism for pricing perpetual contracts and quoting fees to traders based on current market conditions. The approach employs liquidity curves and on-chain oracles to establish a new adaptive pricing framework that considers various factors, ensuring pricing stability and predi...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.16256v1
Recent ubiquity and disruptive impacts of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about their potential to be misused (.i.e, generating large-scale harmful and misleading content). To combat this emerging risk of LLMs, we propose a novel "Fighting Fire with Fire" (F3) strategy that harnesses modern LLMs' gene...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15515v1
This paper studies the monotonicity of equilibrium costs and equilibrium loads in nonatomic congestion games, in response to variations of the demands. The main goal is to identify conditions under which a paradoxical non-monotone behavior can be excluded. In contrast to routing games with a single commodity, where the...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.00434v2
Biological cortical neurons are remarkably sophisticated computational devices, temporally integrating their vast synaptic input over an intricate dendritic tree, subject to complex, nonlinearly interacting internal biological processes. A recent study proposed to characterize this complexity by fitting accurate surrog...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.16922v3
The supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are ubiquitous in the center of galaxies, although the origin of their massive seeds is still unknown. In this paper, we investigate the SMBHs formation from the QCD axion bubbles. In this case, the primordial black holes (PBHs) are considered as the seeds of SMBHs, which are genera...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.00939v2
We propose a two-step Newton's method for refining an approximation of a singular zero whose deflation process terminates after one step, also known as a deflation-one singularity. Given an isolated singular zero of a square analytic system, our algorithm exploits an invertible linear operator obtained by combining the...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.10803v2
Relation Extraction (RE) is a task that identifies relationships between entities in a text, enabling the acquisition of relational facts and bridging the gap between natural language and structured knowledge. However, current RE models often rely on small datasets with low coverage of relation types, particularly when...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09802v2
We present in this paper the results of a research motivated by the need of a very fast solution of thermal flow in solar receivers. These receivers are composed by a large number of parallel pipes with the same geometry. We have introduced a reduced Schwarz algorithm that skips the computation in a large part of the p...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.19199v1
While Pancharatnam discovered the geometric phase in 1956, his work was not widely recognized until its endorsement by Berry in 1987, after which it received wide appreciation. However, because Pancharatnam's paper is unusually difficult to follow, his work has often been misinterpreted as referring to an evolution of ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.04359v1
6D pose estimation pipelines that rely on RGB-only or RGB-D data show limitations for photometrically challenging objects with e.g. textureless surfaces, reflections or transparency. A supervised learning-based method utilising complementary polarisation information as input modality is proposed to overcome such limita...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.10627v1
We present a novel human annotated dataset for evaluating the ability for visual-language models to generate both short and long descriptions for real-world video clips, termed DeVAn (Dense Video Annotation). The dataset contains 8.5K YouTube video clips of 20-60 seconds in duration and covers a wide range of topics an...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.05060v2
In this paper, we propose a CNN fine-tuning method which enables users to give simultaneous feedback on two outputs: the classification itself and the visual explanation for the classification. We present the effect of this feedback strategy in a skin lesion classification task and measure how CNNs react to the two typ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.01399v1
Remarkable progress has been made on automated problem solving through societies of agents based on large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based multi-agent systems can already solve simple dialogue tasks. Solutions to more complex tasks, however, are complicated through logic inconsistencies due to cascading hallu...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.00352v5
A classic inferential statistical problem is the goodness-of-fit (GOF) test. Such a test can be challenging when the hypothesized parametric model has an intractable likelihood and its distributional form is not available. Bayesian methods for GOF can be appealing due to their ability to incorporate expert knowledge th...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.02637v2
We have studied the general aspects of the dynamics of an ion trapped in an ideal multipolar radiofrequency trap while interacting with a dense cold atomic gas. In particular, we have explored the dynamical stability, the energy relaxation and the characteristic harmonic motion exhibited by a trapped Yb$^{+}$ ion in di...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.01811v1
In the field of Human Robot Interaction (HRI), socially assistive robots are being investigated to see if they can help combat challenges that can come with aging by providing different forms of support to older adults. As a result, it is imperative that the HRI community are aware of the potential pitfalls that can oc...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.14055v1
Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is the problem of identifying inputs which are unrelated to the in-distribution task. The OOD detection performance when the in-distribution (ID) is ImageNet-1K is commonly being tested on a small range of test OOD datasets. We find that most of the currently used test OOD datasets, ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00826v1
Musical large-scale form is investigated using an Electronic Dance Music (EDM) piece fed into a Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) physical model of the cochlear which again inputs into an Impulse-Pattern Formulation (IPF) brain model. In previous studies, experimental EEG data showed an enhanced correlation between ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03411v1
We present a generalization of Extended Lagrangian Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics [Phys. Rev. Lett. vol. 100, 123004 (2008); Eur. Phys. J. B vol. 94, 164 (2021)] that also includes the electronic spin-degrees of freedom as extended dynamical variables. To integrate the combined spin and charge degrees of freedom, ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03529v1
Transitions between quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are fundamental problems lying beyond the Landau paradigm and requiring a deep understanding of the entanglement structures of QSLs called topological orders. The novel concept of anyon condensation has been proposed as a theoretical mechanism, predicting various possible...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.05721v3
We propose a quantum approach to "electron-hole exchange", better named electron-hole pair exchange, that makes use of the second quantization formalism to describe the problem in terms of Bloch-state electron operators. This approach renders transparent the fact that such singular effect comes from interband Coulomb p...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09410v1
This paper develops efficient preconditioned iterative solvers for incompressible flow problems discretised by an enriched Taylor-Hood mixed approximation, in which the usual pressure space is augmented by a piecewise constant pressure to ensure local mass conservation. This enrichment process causes over-specification...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.10233v3
For multiple Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicles (UAVs) assisted Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) networks, we study the problem of combined computation and communication for user equipments deployed with multi-type tasks. Specifically, we consider that the MEC network encompasses both communication and computation uncertainties, wher...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.12756v1
We study the dispersion properties of electron plasma waves, or plasmons, which can be excited in quantum plasmas in the nonlinear regime. In order to describe nonlinear electron response to finite amplitude plasmons, we apply the Volkov approach to non-relativistic electrons. For that purpose, we use the Schr\"odinger...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08544v1
We present Position Interpolation (PI) that extends the context window sizes of RoPE-based pretrained LLMs such as LLaMA models to up to 32768 with minimal fine-tuning (within 1000 steps), while demonstrating strong empirical results on various tasks that require long context, including passkey retrieval, language mode...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.15595v2
Data management has traditionally relied on synthetic data generators to generate structured benchmarks, like the TPC suite, where we can control important parameters like data size and its distribution precisely. These benchmarks were central to the success and adoption of database management systems. But more and mor...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03883v1
Consider a pair of random variables $(X,Y)$ distributed according to a given joint distribution $p_{XY}$. A curator wishes to maximally disclose information about $Y$, while limiting the information leakage incurred on $X$. Adopting mutual information to measure both utility and privacy of this information disclosure, ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.11754v1
Histograms are among the most popular methods used in exploratory analysis to summarize univariate distributions. In particular, irregular histograms are good non-parametric density estimators that require very few parameters: the number of bins with their lengths and frequencies. Many approaches have been proposed in ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.05786v1
We explore the 21-cm signal in our Universe containing inhomogeneous matter distribution at considerably large scales. Employing Buchert's averaging procedure in the context of a model of spacetime with multiple inhomogeneous domains, we evaluate the effect of our model parameters on the observable 21-cm signal brightn...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.18757v2
Bilevel optimization has wide applications such as hyperparameter tuning, neural architecture search, and meta-learning. Designing efficient algorithms for bilevel optimization is challenging because the lower-level problem defines a feasibility set implicitly via another optimization problem. In this work, we consider...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.14853v2
We prove that all mod $p^m$ singular forms of level $N$, degree $n+r$, and $p$-rank $r$ with $n\ge r$ are congruent mod $p^m$ to linear combinations of theta series of degree $r$ attached to quadratic forms of some level. Moreover, we prove that, the levels of theta series are of the form ``$p\mbox{-power}\times N$''. ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.00309v1
We have studied the composition dependence of density of liquid water-DMSO mixtures at different temperatures by using the isobaric-isothermal (NPT) molecular dynamics computer simulations. The non-polarizable semi-flexible, P1 and P2 models for the DMSO molecule combined with the TIP4P-2005 water model are considered....
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.01547v1
Transient or permanent faults in hardware can render the output of Neural Networks (NN) incorrect without user-specific traces of the error, i.e. silent data errors (SDE). On the other hand, modern NNs also possess an inherent redundancy that can tolerate specific faults. To establish a safety case, it is necessary to ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19449v1
In recent years, there has been significant progress in 2D generative face models fueled by applications such as animation, synthetic data generation, and digital avatars. However, due to the absence of 3D information, these 2D models often struggle to accurately disentangle facial attributes like pose, expression, and...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12483v3
The CMS silicon tracking system measures the trajectories of charged particles with a hit resolution of the order of microns in the pixel detector and tens of microns in the strip detector. One of the most important inputs for track reconstruction is the precision with which the tracker geometry is known. Therefore the...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.16642v1
Let $\pi$ be a discrete group, and let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group. Then there is a map $\Theta\colon\mathrm{Hom}(\pi,G)_0\to\mathrm{map}_*(B\pi,BG)_0$ between the null-components of the spaces of homomorphism and based maps, which sends a homomorphism to the induced map between classifying spaces. Atiyah and ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01017v2
Modern 5G communication systems employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in conjunction with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to enhance data rates, particularly for wideband millimetre wave (mmW) applications. Since these systems use a large number of subcarriers, feeding back the estimated precod...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.11204v2
Dense micron-sized electron plasmas, such as those generated upon irradiation of nanostructured metallic surfaces by intense femtosecond laser pulses, constitute a rich playground to study light-matter interactions, many-body phenomena, and out-of-equilibrium charge dynamics. Besides their fundamental interest, laser-i...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.06451v1
Machine learning models have been trained to predict semantic information about user interfaces (UIs) to make apps more accessible, easier to test, and to automate. Currently, most models rely on datasets that are collected and labeled by human crowd-workers, a process that is costly and surprisingly error-prone for ce...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.08726v1
We introduce a novel point-particle effective description of ANO vortex solitons in the critical Abelian Higgs Model (AHM) in $d=2+1$ based on the small winding expansion. Identifying the effective vortices with the elementary quanta of a complex scalar field, relativistic vortex-vortex scattering amplitudes are calcul...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.08902v3
We present an experimental scanning-based tomography approach for near-term quantum devices. The underlying method has previously been introduced in an ensemble-based NMR setting. Here we provide a tutorial-style explanation along with suitable software tools to guide experimentalists in its adaptation to near-term pur...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12725v3
We present Semantify: a self-supervised method that utilizes the semantic power of CLIP language-vision foundation model to simplify the control of 3D morphable models. Given a parametric model, training data is created by randomly sampling the model's parameters, creating various shapes and rendering them. The similar...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.07415v1
In recent years, deep learning has made remarkable progress in a wide range of domains, with a particularly notable impact on natural language processing tasks. One of the challenges associated with training deep neural networks in the context of LLMs is the need for large amounts of computational resources and time. T...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.11903v3
We prove several new families of Bernstein inequalities of two types on the simplex. The first type consists of inequalities in $L^2$ norm for the Jacobi weight, some of which are sharp, and they are established via the spectral operator that has orthogonal polynomials as eigenfunctions. The second type consists of ine...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.01839v1
We studied how the cryogenic sapphire resonator responds to fast variations of the dissipated microwave power. The experiments were carried out with sapphire resonators cooled to 6 K at frequencies around 11 GHz. We found that the power-to-frequency conversion of the resonator depends on Fourier frequency as the transf...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.15363v2
Quantification of measurement uncertainty is crucial for robust scientific inference, yet accurate estimates of this uncertainty remain elusive for ecological measures of diversity. Here, we address this longstanding challenge by deriving a closed-form unbiased estimator for the sampling variance of Simpson's diversity...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03439v3
AI-driven chatbots have become an emerging solution to address psychological distress. Due to the lack of psychotherapeutic data, researchers use dialogues scraped from online peer support forums to train them. But since the responses in such platforms are not given by professionals, they contain both conforming and no...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.10195v1
Software startups are newly created companies with no operating history and oriented towards producing cutting-edge products. However, despite the increasing importance of startups in the economy, few scientific studies attempt to address software engineering issues, especially for early-stage startups. If anything, st...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09438v1
Motivated by the challenges of the Digital Ancient Near Eastern Studies (DANES) community, we develop digital tools for processing cuneiform script being a 3D script imprinted into clay tablets used for more than three millennia and at least eight major languages. It consists of thousands of characters that have change...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.11277v1
Measurement-induced phase transition arises from the competition between a deterministic quantum evolution and a repeated measurement process. We explore the measurement-induced phase transition through the Quantum Fisher Information in two different metrological scenarios. We demonstrate through the scaling behavior o...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.10132v4
As the core of artificial intelligence applications, the research of convolution has become a hot topic in high performance computing. With the rapid development of the emerging SW26010 processor in artificial intelligence, there is an urgent need for high-performance convolution algorithms on the processor. However, t...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.04941v1
Fourier transformations of pseudo-Boolean functions are popular tools for analyzing functions of binary sequences. Real-world functions often have structures that manifest in a sparse Fourier transform, and previous works have shown that under the assumption of sparsity the transform can be computed efficiently. But wh...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.06200v1
Ideally, dialogue systems should generate responses that are faithful to the knowledge contained in relevant documents. However, many models generate hallucinated responses instead that contradict it or contain unverifiable information. To mitigate such undesirable behaviour, it has been proposed to fine-tune a `negati...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.17574v1
In this article, we report the equilibrium and nonequilibrium features of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) Euler turbulence. To obtain a full range of equilibrium spectra, we perform pseudo-spectral simulations of Euler turbulence using $\delta$-correlated velocity field as an initial condition. These si...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.05487v1
Accurate analysis of microscopy images is hindered by the presence of noise. This noise is usually signal-dependent and often additionally correlated along rows or columns of pixels. Current self- and unsupervised denoisers can address signal-dependent noise, but none can reliably remove noise that is also row- or colu...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07887v2
Generating persona consistent dialogue response is important for developing an intelligent conversational agent. Recent works typically fine-tune large-scale pre-trained models on this task by concatenating persona texts and dialogue history as a single input sequence to generate the target response. While simple and e...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.12782v1
In a $1+2$D Carrollian conformal field theory, the Ward identities of the two local fields $S^+_0$ and $S^+_1$, entirely built out of the Carrollian conformal stress-tensor, contain respectively up to the leading and the subleading positive helicity soft graviton theorems in the $1+3$D asymptotically flat space-time. T...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.03673v3
There is a major lack of diversity in engineering, technology, and computing subjects in higher education. The resulting underrepresentation of some population groups contributes largely to gender and ethnicity pay gaps and social disadvantages. We aim to increase the diversity among students in such subjects by invest...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.01316v1
The recent development of artificial intelligence enables a machine to achieve a human level of intelligence. Problem-solving and decision-making are two mental abilities to measure human intelligence. Many scholars have proposed different models. However, there is a gap in establishing an AI-oriented hierarchical mode...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.09463v2
A phase proper orthogonal decomposition (Phase POD) method is demonstrated, utilizing phase averaging for the decomposition of spatio-temporal behaviour of statistically non-stationary turbulent flows in an optimized manner. The proposed Phase POD method is herein applied to a periodically forced statistically non-stat...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.10462v4
Nanocavities formed by ultrathin metallic gaps, such as the nanoparticle-on-mirror geometry, permit the reproducible engineering and enhancement of light-matter interaction thanks to mode volumes reaching the smallest values allowed by quantum mechanics. Although a large body of experimental data has confirmed theoreti...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.06750v1
Federated learning offers a privacy-preserving framework for medical image analysis but exposes the system to adversarial attacks. This paper aims to evaluate the vulnerabilities of federated learning networks in medical image analysis against such attacks. Employing domain-specific MRI tumor and pathology imaging data...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06227v1
The Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) is a public body responsible for capturing and curating cancer patient data histories to provide a unified access to research data and statistics for doctors, patients, and policymakers. For this purpose, CRN develops and operates a complex, constantly-evolving, and socio-technical s...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.13306v1
Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive performance in various image generation, editing, enhancement and translation tasks. In particular, the pre-trained text-to-image stable diffusion models provide a potential solution to the challenging realistic image super-resolution (Real-ISR) and image stylization proble...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.14469v4
In this letter, we show the Unruh temperature of the photon sphere for an AdS$_4$-Schwarzschild black hole can be determined holographically from the retarded Green's function and is proportional to its circumference according to a boundary observer. We then sharpen the conjecture that the photon sphere, as seen by a b...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.16034v2
We introduce a novel Region-based contrastive pretraining for Medical Image Retrieval (RegionMIR) that demonstrates the feasibility of medical image retrieval with similar anatomical regions. RegionMIR addresses two major challenges for medical image retrieval i) standardization of clinically relevant searching criteri...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.05598v1
Encoder-decoder based architecture has been widely used in the generator of generative adversarial networks for facial manipulation. However, we observe that the current architecture fails to recover the input image color, rich facial details such as skin color or texture and introduces artifacts as well. In this paper...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.17212v1
This manuscript introduces a novel holographic correspondence in $d$-dimensional de Sitter (dS$_d$) spacetime, connecting bulk dS$_d$ scalar unitary irreducible representations (UIRs) with their counterparts at the dS$_d$ boundary ${\cal{I}}^\pm$, all while preserving reflection positivity. The proposed approach, with ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.02122v4
We introduce strong congruence spaces, which are topological spaces that provide a useful concept of dimension for monoid schemes. We study their properties and show that, given a toric monoid scheme over an algebraically closed basis, its strong congruence space and the complex toric variety associated to its fan have...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.15953v3
According to Aistleitner and Weimar, there exist two-dimensional (double) infinite matrices whose star-discrepancy $D_N^{*s}$ of the first $N$ rows and $s$ columns, interpreted as $N$ points in $[0,1]^s$, satisfies an inequality of the form $$D_N^{*s} \leq \sqrt{\alpha} \sqrt{A+B\frac{\ln(\log_2(N))}{s}}\sqrt{\frac{s}{...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04686v1
Text and signs around roads provide crucial information for drivers, vital for safe navigation and situational awareness. Scene text recognition in motion is a challenging problem, while textual cues typically appear for a short time span, and early detection at a distance is necessary. Systems that exploit such inform...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.03948v1
We performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations on epitaxially strained hafnia. We demonstrate the stabilization of the ferroelectric ($Pca2_{1}$) phase from the antiferroelectric ($Pbcn$) in bulk hafnia in the presence of electric field. We found that the polar ($Pca2_{1}$) phase can be efficiently stabilize...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01981v1
Raman scattering of photons into phonons gives rise to entangled photon pairs when the phonon emitted in a Stokes process is coherently absorbed in antiStokes scattering, forming the photonic analog of Cooper pairs. We present a nonperturbative theory for the time evolution of photonic Cooper pairs that treats interact...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07139v3
Over the past decade, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have made tremendous advances, in part due to the increased availability of annotated data. However, ANNs typically require significant power and memory consumptions to reach their full potential. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have recently emerged as a low-power...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.07328v1
Differentially private SGD (DP-SGD) holds the promise of enabling the safe and responsible application of machine learning to sensitive datasets. However, DP-SGD only provides a biased, noisy estimate of a mini-batch gradient. This renders optimisation steps less effective and limits model utility as a result. With thi...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.12018v1
Aims. In astronomy, machine learning has been successful in various tasks such as source localisation, classification, anomaly detection, and segmentation. However, feature regression remains an area with room for improvement. We aim to design a network that can accurately estimate sources' features and their uncertain...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.14495v2
This paper introduces SAMAug, a novel visual point augmentation method for the Segment Anything Model (SAM) that enhances interactive image segmentation performance. SAMAug generates augmented point prompts to provide more information about the user's intention to SAM. Starting with an initial point prompt, SAM produce...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.01187v4
Chip-based optical frequency combs address the demand for compact, bright, coherent light sources of equidistant phase-locked lines. Traditionally, the Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTS) technique has been considered a suboptimal choice for resolving comb lines in chip-based sensing applications due to the requiremen...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13074v1
Machine learning has shown significant breakthroughs in quantum science, where in particular deep neural networks exhibited remarkable power in modeling quantum many-body systems. Here, we explore how the capacity of data-driven deep neural networks in learning the dynamics of physical observables is correlated with th...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.04621v2
The quantum nature of light enables potentially revolutionary communication technologies. Key to advancing this area of research is a clear understanding of the concepts of states, modes, fields, and photons. The concept of field modes carries over from classical optics, while the concept of state has to be considered ...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.07807v1
We introduce InFusionSurf, an innovative enhancement for neural radiance field (NeRF) frameworks in 3D surface reconstruction using RGB-D video frames. Building upon previous methods that have employed feature encoding to improve optimization speed, we further improve the reconstruction quality with minimal impact on o...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04508v3
In this paper, we present an iterative algorithm that detects and estimates the specular components and estimates the diffuse component of single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) ultra-wide-band (UWB) multipath channels. Specifically, the algorithm super-resolves the specular components in the delay-angle-of-arrival domain...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01702v3
This work revisits quantum algorithms for the well-known welded tree problem, proposing a very succinct quantum algorithm based on the simplest coined quantum walks. It simply iterates the naturally defined coined quantum walk operator for a predetermined time and finally measure, where the predetermined time can be ef...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08395v2
Fine-tuning is widely used as the default algorithm for transfer learning from pre-trained models. Parameter inefficiency can however arise when, during transfer learning, all the parameters of a large pre-trained model need to be updated for individual downstream tasks. As the number of parameters grows, fine-tuning i...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03267v1
While Chain-of-Thought prompting is popular in reasoning tasks, its application to Large Language Models (LLMs) in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is under-explored. Motivated by multi-step reasoning of LLMs, we propose Coarse-to-Fine Chain-of-Thought (CoF-CoT) approach that breaks down NLU tasks into multiple rea...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.14623v1
Superconducting stiffness $\rho_s$ and coherence length $\xi$ are usually determined by measuring the penetration depth $\lambda$ of a magnetic field and the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ of a superconductor (SC), respectively. However, in magnetic SC, e.g. some of the iron-based, this could lead to erroneous results s...
http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.01926v1