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9144928 | Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of LY309887 (thienyl-5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate) stereoisomers using beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive. | The separation of the four stereoisomers of LY309887 (thienyl-5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate) is studied here using commercially available high-performance liquid chromatography column technology. The selectivity needed to resolve the four stereoisomers is provided by an achiral reversed-phase column used with beta-cyclo... |
9144787 | NADP-dependent enzymes. I: Conserved stereochemistry of cofactor binding. | The ubiquitous redox cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides [NAD and NADP] are very similar molecules, despite their participation in substantially different biochemical processes. NADP differs from NAD in only the presence of an additional phosphate group esterified to the 2'-hydroxyl group of the ribose at the ... |
9144772 | Identification of a novel bond between a histidine and the essential tyrosine in catalase HPII of Escherichia coli. | A bond between the N delta of the imidazole ring of His 392 and the C beta of the essential Tyr 415 has been found in the refined crystal structure at 1.9 A resolution of catalase HPII of Escherichia coli. This novel type of covalent linkage is clearly defined in the electron density map of HPII and is confirmed by mat... |
9144770 | Template-based docking of a prolactin receptor proline-rich motif octapeptide to FKBP12: implications for cytokine receptor signaling. | A conserved proline-rich motif (PRM) in the cytoplasmic domain of cytokine receptors has been suggested to be a signaling switch regulated by the action of the FK506 binding protein (FKBP) family of peptidylprolyl isomerases (O'Neal KD, Yu-Lee LY, Shearer WT, 1995, Ann NY Acad Sci 766:282-284). We have docked the prola... |
9144766 | Interleukin-6: structure-function relationships. | Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in host defense due to its wide range of immune and hematopoietic activities and its potent ability to induce the acute phase response. Overexpression of IL-6 has been implicated in the pathology of a number of diseases including multiple myel... |
9144246 | Chaperonin filaments: the archaeal cytoskeleton? | Chaperonins are high molecular mass double-ring structures composed of 60-kDa protein subunits. In the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae the two chaperonin proteins represent approximately 4% of its total protein and have a combined intracellular concentration of >30 mg/ml. At concentrations >/= 0.5 mg/ml ... |
9144193 | Microtubule release from the centrosome. | Although microtubules (MTs) are generally thought to originate at the centrosome, a number of cell types have significant populations of MTs with no apparent centrosomal connection. The origin of these noncentrosomal MTs has been unclear. We applied kinetic analysis of MT formation in vivo to establish their mode of or... |
9144182 | Cross-validated maximum likelihood enhances crystallographic simulated annealing refinement. | Recently, the target function for crystallographic refinement has been improved through a maximum likelihood analysis, which makes proper allowance for the effects of data quality, model errors, and incompleteness. The maximum likelihood target reduces the significance of false local minima during the refinement proces... |
9144162 | Mechanism of protein remodeling by ClpA chaperone. | ClpA, a newly discovered ATP-dependent molecular chaperone, remodels bacteriophage P1 RepA dimers into monomers, thereby activating the latent specific DNA binding activity of RepA. We investigated the mechanism of the chaperone activity of ClpA by dissociating the reaction into several steps and determining the role o... |
9144477 | Apoptosis within spontaneously accepted mouse liver allografts: evidence for deletion of cytotoxic T cells and implications for tolerance induction. | MHC-mismatched liver grafts are accepted spontaneously between many mouse strains. The underlying mechanism(s) is unclear. In the B10 (H2(b)) to C3H (H2(k)) strain combination used in this study, donor T cells within the liver were rapidly replaced within 2 to 4 days of transplantation with those of the recipient. Fres... |
9139744 | Ferritin is a developmentally regulated nuclear protein of avian corneal epithelial cells. | Previously, we generated monoclonal antibodies against chicken corneal cells (Zak, N. B., and Linsenmayer, T. F. (1983) Dev. Biol. 99, 373). We have now observed that one group of these antibodies reacts with a developmentally regulated component of corneal epithelial cell nuclei. This component is the heavy chain of f... |
9139903 | Effect of lipoteichoic acid on thermotropic membrane properties. | Lipoteichoic acid, diglucosyldiacylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol isolated from Staphylococcus aureus were embedded in dipalmitoylglycerophosphoglycerol vesicles, and their thermotropic influence on this matrix was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The natural fatty acids of phosphatidylglycerol effecte... |
9139902 | Unbalanced membrane phospholipid compositions affect transcriptional expression of certain regulatory genes in Escherichia coli. | The amount of porin protein OmpF in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli was reduced to one-third by the pgsA3 mutation that diminishes the amount of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in the membrane, whereas a cls (cardiolipin synthase) null mutation had no effect. Osmoregulation of OmpF was functional in the pgs... |
9139894 | Cnr protein, the negative regulator of bacteriophage P4 replication, stimulates specific DNA binding of its initiator protein alpha. | Bacteriophage P4 DNA replication depends upon the phage-encoded alpha protein, which has DNA helicase and DNA primase activity and can specifically bind to the replication origin (ori) and to the cis replicating region (crr). The P4 Cnr protein functions as a negative regulator of P4 replication, and P4 does not replic... |
9139893 | Role of scaffolding protein CipC of Clostridium cellulolyticum in cellulose degradation. | The role of a miniscaffolding protein, miniCipC1, forming part of Clostridium cellulolyticum scaffolding protein CipC in insoluble cellulose degradation was investigated. The parameters of the binding of miniCipC1, which contains a family III cellulose-binding domain (CBD), a hydrophilic domain, and a cohesin domain, t... |
9139822 | Encapsulation of bilayer vesicles by self-assembly. | Vesicles of lipid bilayers have been investigated as drug-delivery vehicles for almost 20 years. The vesicles' interior space is separated from the surrounding solution because small molecules have only limited permeability through the bilayer. Single-walled (unilamellar) vesicles are made by a variety of non-equilibri... |
9136010 | A deficiency screen for zygotic loci required for establishment and patterning of the epidermis in Caenorhabditis elegans. | To identify genomic regions required for establishment and patterning of the epidermis, we screened 58 deficiencies that collectively delete at least approximately 67% of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. The epidermal pattern of deficiency homozygous embryos was analyzed by examining expression of a marker specific f... |
9133376 | Modulation of actin filament behavior by GAP-43 (neuromodulin) is dependent on the phosphorylation status of serine 41, the protein kinase C site. | Synthesis of GAP-43 (also known as neuromodulin) in neurons is induced during axon growth, and high concentrations (estimated between 50 and 100 microM) accumulate in the growth cone. GAP-43 is tightly associated with the growth cone membrane skeleton, the structure that transduces extracellular guidance cues into alte... |
9115249 | The mechanism of inhibition of ryanodine receptor channels by imperatoxin I, a heterodimeric protein from the scorpion Pandinus imperator. | We present an in-depth analysis of the structural and functional properties of Imperatoxin I (IpTxi), an approximately 15-kDa protein from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator that inhibits Ca2+ release channel/ryanodine receptor (RyR) activity (Valdivia, H. H., Kirby, M. S., Lederer, W. J., and Coronado, R. (1... |
9115247 | Scanning alanine mutagenesis and de-peptidization of a Candida albicans myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase octapeptide substrate reveals three elements critical for molecular recognition. | Candida albicans produces a single myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (Nmt) that is essential for its viability. An ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) is included among the few cellular protein substrates of this enzyme. An octapeptide (GLYASKLS-NH2) derived from a N-terminal Arf sequence was used as the starting ... |
9129841 | Influence of network topology on the elasticity of the red blood cell membrane skeleton. | A finite-element network model is used to investigate the influence of the topology of the red blood cell membrane skeleton on its macroscopic mechanical properties. Network topology is characterized by the number of spectrin oligomers per actin junction (phi a) and the number of spectrin dimers per self-association ju... |
9129833 | Volume and enthalpy changes after photoexcitation of bovine rhodopsin: laser-induced optoacoustic studies. | Laser-induced optoacoustic measurements were performed with bovine rhodopsin in the temperature range 5-32 degrees C in its natural environment (i.e., in washed membranes) as well as solubilized in dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside. A signal deconvolution procedure using a simple sequential kinetic scheme for the photobaric tim... |
9129832 | Adsorption of peptide nucleic acid and DNA decamers at electrically charged surfaces. | Adsorption behavior of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and DNA decamers (GTAGATCACT and the complementary sequence) on a mercury surface was studied by means of AC impedance measurements at a hanging mercury drop electrode. The nucleic acid was first attached to the electrode by adsorption from a 5-microliter drop of PNA (o... |
9129808 | How hormone receptor-DNA binding affects nucleosomal DNA: the role of symmetry. | Molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to determine the optimal conformation of an estrogen receptor DNA binding domain dimer bound to a consensus response element, ds(AGGTCACAGTGACCT), and to a nonconsensus response element, ds(AGAACACAGTGACCT). The structures simulated were derived from a crystallographic ... |
9129806 | Molecular dynamics simulations of Leu-enkephalin in water and DMSO. | The structure of Leu-enkephalin (L-Enk) and Met-enkephalin (M-Enk) have frequently been studied, in particular by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. After more than 20 years of research, it was concluded that enkephalins have no preferred structure in aqueous solution, but that they may have in other solvents. We... |
9129797 | Simulation of the diffusional association of barnase and barstar. | The rate of protein association places an upper limit on the response time due to protein interactions, which, under certain circumstances, can be diffusion-controlled. Simulations of model proteins show that diffusion-limited association rates are approximately 10(6)-10(7) M-1 s-1 in the absence of long-range forces (... |
9129766 | Glutamine and other amino acid losses during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. | Serum amino grams and daily losses of glutamine (Gln) and other amino acids (AAs) into diafiltrate were measured during the first 5 days of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) in 6 ICU patients with acute renal failure (ARF). Four patients had ARF as a part of multiple organ failure (MOF) of septic origin,... |
9169618 | Identification of critical residues in the colicin E9 DNase binding region of the Im9 protein. | 1H-15N NMR studies, in conjunction with mutagenesis experiments, have been used to delineate the DNase-binding surface of the colicin E9 inhibitor protein Im9 (where Im stands for immunity protein). Complexes were formed between the 15 kDa unlabelled E9 DNase domain and the 9.5 kDa Im9 protein uniformly labelled with 1... |
9169608 | Phosphorylation of tau by glycogen synthase kinase 3beta affects the ability of tau to promote microtubule self-assembly. | To study the effects of phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) on the ability of the microtubule-associated protein tau to promote microtubule self-assembly, tau isoform 1 (foetal tau) and three mutant forms of this tau isoform were investigated. The three mutant forms of tau had the following se... |
9111308 | POU domain factors of the Brn-3 class recognize functional DNA elements which are distinctive, symmetrical, and highly conserved in evolution. | To better understand the diversity of function within the POU domain class of transcriptional regulators, we have determined the optimal DNA recognition site of several proteins of the POU-IV (Brn-3) subclass by random oligonucleotide selection. The consensus recognition element derived in this study, ATAATTAAT, is cle... |
9096167 | Antipyretic role of endogenous melanocortins mediated by central melanocortin receptors during endotoxin-induced fever. | Bacterial infection causes fever, an adaptive but potentially self-destructive response, in the host. Also activated are counterregulatory systems such as the pituitary-adrenal axis. Antipyretic roles have also been postulated for certain endogenous central neuropeptides, including the melanocortins (alpha-MSH-related ... |
9094683 | Antigenic structure of the central conserved region of protein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | Epitopes were resolved at the amino acid level for nine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the central conserved region of protein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV-G). Peptide binding studies showed which amino acids in the epitope contributed to antibody binding. The details of the epitopes wer... |
9094619 | Structure-function studies of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein, p17. | The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) matrix protein, p17, plays important roles in both the early and late stages of the viral life cycle. Using our previously determined solution structure of p17, we have undertaken a rational mutagenesis program aimed at mapping structure-function relationships within the ... |
9094618 | RNA-protein interactions: involvement of NS3, NS5, and 3' noncoding regions of Japanese encephalitis virus genomic RNA. | The mechanism of replication of the flavivirus Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is not well known. The structures at the 3' end of the viral genome are highly conserved among divergent flaviviruses, suggesting that they may function as cis-acting signals for RNA replication and, as such, might specifically bind to cel... |
9049879 | Implantable biodegradable polymers for IUdR radiosensitization of experimental human malignant glioma. | <h4>Purpose</h4>The potential of halogenated pyrimidines for the radiosensitization of human malignant gliomas remains unrealized. To assess the role of local delivery for radiosensitization, we tested a synthetic, implantable biodegradable polymer for the controlled release of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR) both in vit... |
10451998 | [Invasive infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in burns]. | The article analysed the relationship between invasive infection and MODS in 158 burned cases. The characteristics in MODS following invasive infection are presented. 1. Morbidity of MODS is high, it reaches 81.6%. 2. MODS may become progressive MOF, the possibility is 50%. 3. Death is associated with MOF, rather than ... |
10225771 | Comparison of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation III and II for prediction of mortality in multiple organ failure patients treated by plasma exchange. | This study examined the efficacy of a different scoring system for multiple organ failure (MOF) patients treated by plasma exchange (PE). Twenty-five patients with MOF resulting from fulminant hepatitis who had been treated by PE for a total number of 91 PEs in a consecutive period of 22 months were included in our stu... |
18966769 | Properties and analytical application of room temperature phosphorescence of 1-bromonaphthalene induced by p-octylpolyethylene glycol phenylether in aqueous beta-cyclodextrin solution. | Intense room temperature phosphorescence of 1-bromonaphthalene (1-BrN) induced by p-octylpolyethylene glycol phenylether was studied in aqueous beta-cyclodextrin solution. The mode of inclusion complex formation was approached. The optimal conditions were obtained. Interferences of foreign substances with phosphorescen... |
16535573 | Determination of Binding of Bacillus thuringiensis (delta)-Endotoxin Receptors to Rice Stem Borer Midguts. | Insecticidal activity and receptor binding properties of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins to yellow and striped rice stem borers (Sciropophaga incertulas and Chilo suppresalis, respectively) were investigated. Yellow stem borer (YSB) was susceptible to Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac, Cry2A, and Cry1C toxins with similar toxicities. To st... |
9110973 | Nanoporous Molecular Sandwiches: Pillared Two-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonded Networks with Adjustable Porosity | Crystal engineering of molecular materials is commonly frustrated by the absence of reliable structural paradigms that are needed for systematic design of crystal lattices with predictable structure and desirable function. This problem can be attributed, at least partially, to the absence of robust supramolecular motif... |
9103190 | Supramolecular Materials: Self-Organized Nanostructures | Miniaturized triblock copolymers have been found to self-assemble into nanostructures that are highly regular in size and shape. Mushroom-shaped supramolecular structures of about 200 kilodaltons form by crystallization of the chemically identical blocks and self-organize into films containing 100 or more layers stacke... |
11671587 | Head-to-Head Linked Double Calix[4]arenes: Convenient Synthesis and Complexation Properties. | Combination of calix[4]arenes functionalized at the upper rim at the 5- and 17-positions with amino and formyl groups, respectively, gives a new series of "head-to-head" linked double calix[4]arenes in nearly quantitative yield. The X-ray structure of a modified double calix[4]arene is reported. The novel, highly preor... |
11671534 | Synthesis, Conformational Analysis, and Binding Properties of Molecular Clips with Two Different Side Walls. | A new general route toward the synthesis of diphenylglycoluril clips with two different side walls starting from the new precursor 6b and the known compound 2b is described. A variety of clips are accessible in this way, some of them containing metal binding ligand systems, viz. phenanthroline, pyridine, salophen, and ... |
11669805 | Synthesis and Cyclic Voltammetry Studies of Copper Complexes of Bromo- and Alkoxyphenyl-Substituted Derivatives of Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine: Influence of Cation-Alkoxy Interactions on Copper Redox Potentials. | A combination of host-guest chemistry and coordination chemistry in the design of electrochemical sensors for alkali metal and ammonium ions is described. The sensor molecules are coordination complexes between a copper ion and a functionalized tripodal ligand. Upon presentation of the ion to the sensor molecule, a shi... |
11669801 | Versatile Complexation Ability of Very Large Phosphino-Terminated Dendrimers. | The synthesis of phosphino-terminated dendrimers is described up to the tenth generation, which possess more than 3000 phosphino groups (3-[G'(10)()]). Several complexation reactions of these dendrimers toward various low oxidation states transition metal derivatives have been carried out, up to generation 5 for iron (... |
11669753 | Perpendicularly Arranged Ruthenium Porphyrin Dimers and Trimers. | A series of ruthenium(II) porphyrin dimers and trimers (carbonyl dimers, 1-4; carbonyl trimers, 5-7, bis(pyridyl) trimers, 8-10), having axial or bridging porphyrin ligands, were synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. An X-ray structural determination of Ru(II)(OEP)(CO)(H(2... |
11669747 | Self-Assembly of Homochiral Double Helix and Side-by-Side Helix Conformers of Double-Stranded Disilver(I)- and Digold(I)-Tetra(tertiary phosphine) Helicates. | The enantiomers of the (R,R)-(+/-) diastereomer of the chelating C(2)-tetra(tertiary phosphine) (R,R)-(+/-)-1,1,4,7,10,10-hexaphenyl-1,4,7,10-tetraphosphadecane, (R,R)-(+/-)/(R,S)-1, spontaneously self-assemble into homochiral double-stranded disilver(I) and digold(I) helicates of the type [M(2)(tetraphos)(2)]X(2) upon... |
11669743 | Tetracoordinated Manganese(III) Alkylcorrolates. Spectroscopic Studies and the Crystal and Molecular Structure of (7,13-Dimethyl-2,3,8,12,17,18-hexaethylcorrolato)manganese(III). | (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octamethylcorrolato)manganese(III), [Mn(OMC)], has been characterized by several physical measurements. In the presence of nitrogenous bases the complex exists as a valence tautomer [Mn(II)(OMC(*+))] as demonstrated by (1)H NMR and EPR. Complete resonance assignment in the NMR spectrum has been ach... |
11038611 | Chlorophyll a dimer: a possible primary electron donor for the photosystem II. | In the photosynthetic membrane, there is a particular aggregated state for the chlorophyll a (Chl a) molecules with a specific arrangement responsible for the high efficiency of energy conversion. Chl a monolayers, transferred onto solid substrates, are systems that potentially can mimic the packing of the in vivo syst... |
15810389 | [Spectroscopic study of Langmuir-Blodgett films of octa-4-(hexadecoxy) lanthanium bisphthalocyanine]. | The surface pressure/molecular area isotherms ( pi approximately A ) of lanthanium bisphthalocyanine were investigated, showing an edge-on molecular orientation of the macrocycle rings on the water subphase. Langmuir-Blodgett films of this compound were prepared and characterized using IR, UV-vis absorption spectroscop... |
15810382 | [The medium effects on fluorescence of coumarin-1 complexes]. | The fluorescence spectra of 4-methyl-7-diethylaminocoumarin (coumarin-1) in cyclohexane-alcohol, 1, 4-dioxane-water binary mixed solvents and cyclodextrin, surfactant aqueous solutions were studied in detail. The reasons that fluorescence spectrum of coumarin-1 is very sensitive to environmental polar change were discu... |
15810381 | [The synthesize of mono-( 6-S-DNS )- beta-CD and its molecular recognition ability]. | Mono- ( (6-S-DNS) - beta -CD is synthesized and characterized. The interaction between the luminescent derivative of beta-cyclodextrin and guest (cyclohexanol, cyclohexene, Bromocyclohexane, and p-phthalic acid, m-phthalic acid 3, 5-Dinitrobenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-animobenzoic acid)has been slutied. The b... |
9385555 | A molecular dynamics study of the inclusion of mono- and disubstituted benzenes in beta-cyclodextrin. | The interaction between beta-cyclodextrin and five mono- and disubstituted benzenes in water was investigated by means of molecular dynamics. The trajectories were calculated for each system, imposing a 1:1 host-guest stoichiometry with 512 water molecules. Periodic boundary conditions were adopted. The results account... |
9424628 | [Selection of Bvg- variants of Bordetella pertussis]. | Bordetella pertussis virulent strains (Bvg+) produce a wide array of virulence factors. The production of these factors is coordinately regulated by the locus bvg in response to environmental signals in a process known as antigenic modulation. Mutations in the bvg locus originate avirulent variants (Bvg-) that are unab... |
9232537 | Characterization of the influence of some cyclodextrins on the stratum corneum from the hairless mouse. | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to determine the influence of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD), hydroxypropyl-beta-CyD (HP-beta-CyD) and gamma-CyD on the structural properties of the stratum corneum from the ha... |
9231152 | CD44 and the adhesion of neoplastic cells. | CD44 is a family of transmembrane glycoproteins that act mainly as a receptor for hyaluronan. It can also bind some other extracellular matrix ligands (chondroitin sulphate, heparan sulphate, fibronectin, serglycin, osteopontin) with lower affinity. CD44 is encoded by a single gene containing 20 exons, 10 of which (v1-... |
9195870 | Pyranosyl-RNA: chiroselective self-assembly of base sequences by ligative oligomerization of tetranucleotide-2',3'-cyclophosphates (with a commentary concerning the origin of biomolecular homochirality). | <h4>Background</h4>Why did Nature choose furanosyl-RNA and not pyranosyl-RNA as her molecular genetic system? An experimental approach to this problem is the systematic comparison of the two isomeric oligonucleotide systems with respect to the chemical properties that are fundamental to the biological role of RNA, such... |
9195869 | Molecular recognition at the thrombin active site: structure-based design and synthesis of potent and selective thrombin inhibitors and the X-ray crystal structures of two thrombin-inhibitor complexes. | <h4>Background</h4>The serine protease thrombin is central in the processes of hemostasis and thrombosis. To be useful, thrombin inhibitors should combine potency towards thrombin with selectivity towards other related enzymes such as trypsin. We previously reported the structure-based design of thrombin inhibitors wit... |
9184944 | The role of the electrostatic coat in the formation of cholesteric liquid crystal spherulites from alpha-chitin. | The alpha-chitin used in the experiments came from crab shell waste. This was boiled in 3M HC1 to form a colloidal suspension of chitin crystallites. The electrostatic 'cost' surrounding the chitin was then manipulated in two ways. The first was the alteration of the pH of the chitin colloid (Chitin pKa = 6.1). This al... |
9176820 | Peptide synthesis on Sepharose beads. | NHS-activated Pharmacia HiTrap Sepharose was modified with 1, 3-diaminopropane to give an amino-functionalized support suitable for solid-phase peptide synthesis. The amide linker p-[(R1S)-alpha-[1-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)-methoxyformamido]- 2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl]phenoxyacetic acid was incorporated and the acyl carrier protein... |
9176119 | Sequence, specificity and crystallization of an oestrone-3-glucuronide antibody (3910). | We describe the specificity profile and V region sequences of a high-affinity monoclonal antibody (mAb), 3910, directed against oestrone-3-glucuronide (E3G). Inhibition studies show that the D-ring is critical for steroid specificity, while the glucuronic acid attached to the A ring is required for high binding affinit... |
9174285 | Investigation of the stereoselective in vitro metabolism of the chiral antiasthmatic/antiallergic drug flezelastine by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary zone electrophoresis. | An achiral HPLC method using a silica gel column as well as two independent chiral analytical methods by HPLC and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) were developed in order to investigate the in vitro metabolism of the racemic antiasthmatic/antiallergic drug flezelastine. The chiral HPLC analysis was performed on a C... |
9163893 | Isolation and characterization by NMR spectroscopy of three monosubstituted 4-sulfobutyl ether derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin). | The substitution profile of 4-sulfobutyl ether derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) (SBE-beta-CD) prepared in our laboratories has been previously described. However, in those studies, no attempt was made to characterize the positional or regional isomers of this material. SBE-beta-CD derivatives with ... |
9163892 | Fractionation and characterization of 4-sulfobutyl ether derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin). | 4-Sulfobutyl ether derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) (SBE-beta-CD) are being developed as parenterally safe solubilizing and stabilizing agents. SBE-beta-CDs are a mixture of positional and regional isomers containing from one to as many as twelve sulfobutyl ether (SBE) groups per cyclodextrin. Capi... |
9161031 | High mobility group proteins HMG-1 and HMG-I/Y bind to a positive regulatory region of the pea plastocyanin gene promoter. | A 268 bp region (P268) of the pea plastocyanin gene promoter responsible for high-level expression has been shown to interact with the high mobility group proteins HMG-1 and HMG-I/Y isolated from pea shoot chromatin. cDNAs encoding an HMG-1 protein of 154 amino acid residues containing a single HMG-box and a C-terminal... |
9155031 | mof, a putative acetyl transferase gene related to the Tip60 and MOZ human genes and to the SAS genes of yeast, is required for dosage compensation in Drosophila. | Dosage compensation is a regulatory process that insures that males and females have equal amounts of X-chromosome gene products. In Drosophila, this is achieved by a 2-fold enhancement of X-linked gene transcription in males, relative to females. The enhancement of transcription is mediated by the activity of a group ... |
9155030 | Linker length and composition influence the flexibility of Oct-1 DNA binding. | POU domain transcription factors have two separate helix-turn-helix DNA-binding subdomains, the POU homeodomain (POUhd) and the POU-specific domain (POUs). Each subdomain recognizes a specific subsite of 4 or 5 bp in the octamer recognition sequence. The Oct-1 POU subdomains are connected by a 23 amino acid unstructure... |
9154431 | Androgen-behavior correlations in hypogonadal men and eugonadal men. I. Mood and response to auditory sexual stimuli. | Mood and response to auditory sexual stimuli were assessed in 33 hypogonadal men receiving testosterone (T) replacement therapy, 10 eugonadal men receiving T in a male contraceptive clinical trial, and 19 eugonadal men not administered T. Prior to and after 6 weeks of hormone administration, men completed a mood questi... |
9150379 | PGE1-induced arterial thromboresistance is a vascular property as identified by cross-perfusion technique. | Prostaglandin (PG) E1 has been shown to improve thromboresistance. This experiment was designed to examine whether an effect on the arterial wall or the platelets is responsible for this phenomenon. Using a cross-perfusion model, the aortic and iliac artery endothelium of rabbits was removed by a balloon catheter befor... |
9146917 | Characterization of internal DNA-binding and C-terminal dimerization domains of human centromere/kinetochore autoantigen CENP-C in vitro: role of DNA-binding and self-associating activities in kinetochore organization. | Human centromere protein C (CENP-C), a chromosomal component of the inner plate of kinetochores, was originally identified as one of the centromere autoantigens. In a previous study, we showed that it possesses DNA-binding activity in vitro. Recently, centromere-binding activity was suggested at the C-terminal region i... |
9146916 | Nucleolar dominance in triticales: control by unlinked genes. | Hybrid plants and animals often show suppression of activity of ribosomal genes (rDNA) originating from one of the parental or ancestral species. In the wheat x rye amphiploid triticale, containing 28 chromosomes of wheat origin and 14 from rye, rDNA of rye origin (on chromosome 1R) is not normally expressed, while the... |
9146915 | Analysis of chromosome 6 deletions in lymphoid malignancies provides evidence for a region of minimal deletion within a 2-megabase segment of 6q21. | Fluorescence in situ hybridization has been used to define deletion breakpoints within chromosome bands 6q16-21 in cases of lymphoid malignancy. Previous evidence suggested that the region might contain a tumour-suppressor gene. Six yeast artificial chromosome probes, each selected using a single marker, were localized... |
9146914 | A reappraisal of the tandem fusion theory of karyotype evolution in Indian muntjac using chromosome painting. | We have tested the tandem fusion hypothesis of the origin of the Indian muntjac karyotype (2n = 6/7) by using reciprocal chromosome painting between the Indian muntjac, Chinese muntjac (n = 46) and brown brocket deer (2n = 70 + 3B) with chromosome-specific paint probes derived from flow-sorted chromosomes of these thre... |
9146913 | Isolation of chromosome-specific paints from high-resolution flow karyotypes of the sheep (Ovis aries). | High-resolution bivariate flow karyotypes were obtained using fibroblast cell lines from a sheep with a normal karyotype (2n = 54), from sheep carrying Robertsonian translocation chromosomes and from sheep-hamster somatic cell hybrids. By taking advantage of the presence of chromosome polymorphisms, translocation chrom... |
9146912 | Molecular characterization and cytological mapping of a non-repetitive DNA sequence region from the W chromosome of chicken and its use as a universal probe for sexing carinatae birds. | A non-repetitive genomic DNA region of about 25 kb was cloned from the W chromosome of chicken using a genomic library prepared from a single W chromosome of the chicken. This region was mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with mitotic and lampbrush chromosomes to a position between the major EcoRI fami... |
9146911 | Comparative analysis on the distribution of heterochromatin in Citrus, Poncirus and Fortunella chromosomes. | Double fluorochrome staining with chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to characterize and compare the distribution of constitutive heterochromatin along chromosomes of Citrus, Poncirus and Fortunella species. Only CMA-positive bands were distinguishable in metaphase chromosomes. Prefe... |
9146910 | Rapid detection of euchromatin by Alu-PRINS: use in clinical cytogenetics. | Alu-PRINS was successful in providing positive identification of euchromatin when oligoprimers were used at either extremity of the consensus Alu sequence. This technique was sensitive, as shown by the ability to detect small regions of euchromatin translocated to the short arm of an acrocentric chromosome. Since the A... |
9146858 | Stereoselective 4'-hydroxylation of phenytoin: relationship to (S)-mephenytoin polymorphism in Japanese. | <h4>Aims</h4>The aim of this study was to clarify whether phenytoin (PHT) stereoselective hydroxylation cosegregates with (S)-mephenytoin phenotype.<h4>Methods</h4>A single dose of PHT (100 mg) was administered orally to six healthy Japanese subjects in whom the genotype and phenotype of CYP2C19 had been determined pre... |
9144853 | Receptor imaging: competitive or complementary to antibody imaging? | Both radiolabeled ligands to specific receptors on cell surfaces and radiolabeled antibodies to specific cell surface epitopes provide new opportunities to scintigraphically identify tumors. Both radiolabeled ligands and antibodies are characterized by high orders of affinity for their respective binding sites and offe... |
9142943 | Most basal I(SC) in Calu-3 human airway cells is bicarbonate-dependent Cl- secretion. | Serous cells secrete antibiotic-rich fluid, but secretion is impaired in cystic fibrosis. We are investigating Calu-3 cells as a serous cell model. Basal short-circuit current (I[SC]) in Calu-3 cells grown at air interface had a basal I(SC) approximately six times larger than submerged cultures (69 +/- 22 vs. 11 +/- 10... |
9142565 | Reduced toxicity and enhanced antitumor efficacy of betacyclodextrin plumbagin inclusion complex in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. | Inclusion complex of plumbagin was prepared with betacyclodextrin employing neutralization method. The toxicity of the drug was reduced and the antitumor efficacy was enhanced on complexation with betacyclodextrin. |
9141663 | Regulation of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase synthesis in Bacillus ohbensis. | The production of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) by Bacillus ohbensis is dependent on the presence of starch and inhibited by glucose in the medium. Northern blot analysis revealed that the CGTase gene (cgt) was transcribed to almost the same level irrespective of the presence or absence of starch, but glucos... |
9137628 | Establishment of polarities in the oocyte of Xenopus laevis: the provisional axial symmetry of the full-grown oocyte of Xenopus laevis. | We aimed at understanding of formation and function of the "Nieuwkoop Centre" in embryonic pattern formation. Discussed are data on genesis of cytoplasmic localizations in ovarian oocytes, transient modifications of cytoskeletal structures creating cytoplasmic asymmetries in fertilized eggs, the axis determining "veget... |
9135118 | Phage P22 tailspike protein: crystal structure of the head-binding domain at 2.3 A, fully refined structure of the endorhamnosidase at 1.56 A resolution, and the molecular basis of O-antigen recognition and cleavage. | The tailspike protein of Salmonella phage P22 is a viral adhesion protein with both receptor binding and destroying activities. It recognises the O-antigenic repeating units of cell surface lipopolysaccharide of serogroup A, B and D1 as receptor, but also inactivates its receptor by endoglycosidase (endorhamnosidase) a... |
9115437 | Bovine beta-lactoglobulin at 1.8 A resolution--still an enigmatic lipocalin. | <h4>Background</h4>beta-Lactoglobulin (beta-Lg) is the major whey protein in the milk of ruminants and many other mammals. Its function is not known, but it undergoes at least two pH-dependent conformational changes which may be important. Bovine beta-Lg crystallizes in several different lattices, and medium-resolution... |
9114029 | Double mutagenesis of a positive charge cluster in the ligand-binding site of the ferric enterobactin receptor, FepA. | Siderophores and colicins enter bacterial cells through TonB-dependent outer membrane proteins. Using site-directed substitution mutagenesis, we studied ligand recognition by a prototypic Escherichia coli siderophore receptor, FepA, that binds the iron chelate ferric enterobactin and colicins B and D. These genetic exp... |
9114013 | A 60-kDa plant microtubule-associated protein promotes the growth and stabilization of neurotubules in vitro. | The search for microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) in plants is relatively recent. In particular, the "classical MAPs," which stimulate the polymerization and stabilization of microtubules, have only been examined in heterogeneous fractions. As a first step in dissecting the role of individual MAPs, we have chromato... |
9114010 | Cloning and characterization of human karyopherin beta3. | Nuclear import of classical nuclear localization sequence-bearing proteins is mediated by karyopherin alpha/beta1 heterodimers. A second nuclear import pathway, mediated by karyopherin beta2 (transportin), recently was described for mRNA-binding proteins. Here we report the cloning and characterization of human karyoph... |
9108079 | Polymorphism of murine Fas ligand that affects the biological activity. | Fas ligand (FasL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family and induces apoptosis in Fas (CD95)-bearing target cells. In this study, we generated several mAbs that react with mouse FasL (mFasL) and characterized their functional properties. One of these mAbs, K10, specifically reacted with mFasL derived from C57B... |
9108016 | Engineering unnatural nucleotide specificity for Rous sarcoma virus tyrosine kinase to uniquely label its direct substrates. | Protein phosphorylation plays a central role in controlling many diverse signal transduction pathways in all cells. Novel protein kinases are identified at a rapid rate using homology cloning methods and genetic screens or selections; however identification of the direct substrates of kinases has proven elusive to gene... |
9108013 | An inhibitor of the Tat/TAR RNA interaction that effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication. | One of the first steps in HIV gene expression is the recruitment of Tat protein to the transcription machinery after its binding to the RNA response element TAR. Starting from a pool of 3.2 x 10(6) individual chemical entities, we were able to select a hybrid peptoid/peptide oligomer of 9 residues (CGP64222) that was a... |
9109052 | Study of the influence of both cyclodextrins and L-lysine on the aqueous solubility of nimesulide; isolation and characterization of nimesulide-L-lysine-cyclodextrin complexes. | Nimesulide is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug that exhibits a very poor water solubility (0.01 mg.mL-1). A nimesulide-beta-cyclodextrin complex prepared according to patent application WO 94/ 02177 has an aqueous solubility of approximately 16 mg.mL-1 of nimesulide. A nimesulide-L-lysine salt has also been prepare... |
9108476 | The Tn10 synaptic complex can capture a target DNA only after transposon excision. | Tn10 transposes nonreplicatively. Staged in vitro reactions demonstrate that a Tn10 synaptic complex can become committed to a particular target DNA molecule via a noncovalent interaction in the absence of strand transfer. Commitment occurs only after double-strand cleavage at both transposon ends (in "double-end break... |
9108323 | Primary structure and synthesis of Imperatoxin A (IpTx(a)), a peptide activator of Ca2+ release channels/ryanodine receptors. | We present the complete amino acid sequence of Imperatoxin A (IpTx(a)), a 33-amino-acid peptide from the venom of the scorpion P. imperator which activates Ca2+ release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyR) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The amino acid sequence of IpTx(a) shows no homology to any scorpion toxin so far de... |
9106895 | Composition and functional properties of cholesterol reduced egg yolk. | The composition and functional properties of cholesterol reduced egg yolk (CREY) were compared to those of control egg yolk (EY). The CREY was prepared by absorbing cholesterol with beta-cyclodextrin after dilution and dissociation of granules at pH 10.5. The CREY contained less lipid and protein and more carbohydrate ... |
9106477 | Characterization of the sub-main-transition in distearoylphosphatidylcholine studied by simultaneous small- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. | Simultaneous small- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the structural conversions in the so-called sub-main-transition of fully hydrated multilamellar vesicles of distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC). The small-angle diffraction patterns show a modification in the supramolecular structure of the ... |
9104821 | Soluble domain 1 of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) is sufficient to block transendothelial migration in vitro and in vivo. | The inflammatory response involves sequential adhesive interactions between cell adhesion molecules of leukocytes and the endothelium. Unlike the several adhesive steps that precede it, transendothelial migration (diapedesis), the step in which leukocytes migrate between apposed endothelial cells, appears to involve pr... |
9098900 | Characterization and crystallization of a minimal catalytic core domain from mammalian type II adenylyl cyclase. | Adenylyl cyclases play a pivotal role in signal transduction by carrying out the regulated synthesis of cyclic AMP. The nine cloned mammalian adenylyl cyclases all share two conserved regions of sequence, C1 and C2, which are homologous to each other and are together responsible for catalytic activity. Recombinant C1 a... |
9098899 | Metal- and DNA-binding properties and mutational analysis of the transcription activating factor, B, of coliphage 186: a prokaryotic C4 zinc-finger protein. | Coliphage 186 B is a 72-amino acid protein belonging to the Ogr family of analogous transcription factors present in P2-like phage, which contain a Cys-X2-Cys-X22-Cys-X4-Cys presumptive zinc-finger motif. The molecular characterization of these proteins has been hampered by their insolubility, a difficulty overcome in ... |
9098892 | N-terminally tagged prion protein supports prion propagation in transgenic mice. | The eight amino acid sequence, Asp-Tyr-Lys-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys, representing the FLAG peptide, was inserted after codons 22 or 88 of the mouse (Mo) prion protein (PrP) gene. Inclusion of the FLAG sequence at these locations interfered neither with the cellular processing of PrPC nor its conversion into PrPSc. Inclusion... |
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