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14523941 | Novel daunorubicin-carrier peptide conjugates derived from human calcitonin segments. | Severe and often therapy-limiting side effects are a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. New delivery concepts reducing systemic side effects are needed in order to optimize anticancer therapies. Several approaches have been followed, most of them concentrating on macromolecular carriers like liposomes, monoclonal a... |
14523940 | Membrane translocation of penetratin and its derivatives in different cell lines. | The third helix of the homeodomain of the Antennapedia homeoprotein can translocate through the cell membrane into the nucleus and can be used as an intracellular vehicle for the delivery of oligopeptides and oligonucleotides. A 16-amino acid-long peptide fragment, called penetratin, is internalized by the cells in a s... |
14523939 | Cellular uptake [correction of utake] of the Tat peptide: an endocytosis mechanism following ionic interactions. | The cellular delivery of various biological compounds has recently been improved by conjugating them to short peptides known as protein transduction domains or cell penetrating peptides. These peptides include Tat, Antennapedia and arginine-rich peptides. The common feature of these peptides is their highly cationic na... |
14523938 | Membrane permeability commonly shared among arginine-rich peptides. | Delivery of proteins and other macromolecules using membrane-permeable carrier peptides is a recently developed novel technology, which enables us to modulate cellular functions for biological studies with therapeutic potential. One of the most often used carrier peptides is the arginine-rich basic peptide derived from... |
14523937 | Molecular tools for targeted imaging and therapy of cancer. | Here we review an approach to the design and production of antibody/ligand pairs for use in cell targeting procedures, to achieve functional affinity far greater than avidin/biotin. Using fundamental chemical principles, we have developed antibody/ligand pairs that retain the binding specificity of the antibody, but do... |
14523936 | Radiolabeled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogs for receptor-mediated targeting of melanoma: from tritium to indium. | Following the first synthesis of tritiated alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH, alpha-melanotropin) in 1974 by Medzihradszky et al., several alpha-MSH analogs were designed containing between 2 and 12 tritium atoms, the latter of which displayed a specific radioactivity of 12.21 GBq/micromol (330 Ci/mmol). ... |
14523935 | Synthesis and application of functional peptides as cell nucleus-directed molecules in the treatment of malignant diseases. | The unique functions of biomolecules, including transport across biological membranes (e.g. the cell membrane, the nuclear envelope), modulation of protein function, gene transcription, reconstitution of the malignant transformation, and viral, bacterial and fungal activities underlie a high pharmaceutical potential. T... |
14523934 | Lipid vector for the delivery of peptides towards intracellular pharmacological targets. | The ability of single-chain lipopeptides to gain access to cellular compartments other than those related to degradation/recycling was first deduced from their capacity to deliver peptide antigens into MHC-class I loading mechanisms. The ability of lipopeptides to escape complete endosome degradation was further illust... |
14523933 | A brief introduction to cell-penetrating peptides. | Cell membranes act as protective walls to exclude most molecules that are not actively imported by living cells. This is an efficient way for a cell to prevent uncontrolled influx or efflux of solutes, which otherwise would be harmful to it. Only compounds within a narrow range of molecular size, polarity and net charg... |
14523548 | Protein folding revisited. A polypeptide chain at the folding-misfolding-nonfolding cross-roads: which way to go? | The structure-function paradigm claims that a specific function of a protein is determined by its unique and rigid three-dimensional (3D) structure. Thus, following its biosynthesis on the ribosome, a protein must fold to be functional. This idea represents one of the cornerstones of modern biology. Numerous cases when... |
14523545 | Cbl signaling networks in the regulation of cell function. | Cbl proteins control multiple cellular processes by acting as ubiquitin ligases and multifunctional adaptor molecules. They are involved in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation and cell morphology, as well as in pathologies such as autoimmune diseases, inflammation and cancer. Here we review recent advanc... |
14518183 | Ab initio and DFT modelling of complex materials: towards the understanding of electronic and magnetic properties of polyoxometalates. | In this review we summarise the quantum chemistry studies carried out by several groups over the last ten years on polyoxometalates, or polyoxoanions. This is an immense family of compounds made up of transition metal ions in their highest oxidation state and oxo ligands. The continuous progress of computers in general... |
14518182 | Metal-free organocatalysis through explicit hydrogen bonding interactions. | The metal (ion)-free catalysis of organic reactions is a contemporary challenge that is just being taken up by chemists. Hence, this field is in its infancy and is briefly reviewed here, along with some rough guidelines and concepts for further catalyst development. Catalysis through explicit hydrogen bonding interacti... |
14518137 | ESI-MS in the study of the activity of alpha-chymotrypsin in aqueous surfactant media. | The catalytic activity of alpha-chymotrypsin on a model and a peptide substrate, in the supramolecular system "enzyme-surfactant" in water solution, has been studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L-phenylalanine p-nitroanilide as the model compound, catalysed by alpha-chymotryps... |
14518903 | Template polymerization of columnar architectures based on the salts of a carboxylic acid and 2-amino alcohols: application to the molecular recognition of 2-amino alcohols. | The salts of trialkoxybenzoic acids and 2-amino alcohols showed a columnar liquid crystalline phase; in the case of the salt of a polymerizable acid and norephedrine, the photopolymerization proceeded efficiently in the liquid crystalline state, and the resultant solid adsorbed 2-amino alcohols size, regio-, and enanti... |
14518887 | Supramolecular assembly of fluorescent phasmidic diacetylene and its photopolymerization. | The closed micellar triclinic structure of a fluorescent phasmidic diacetylene (PhDO) has been fixed by topochemical photopolymerization which induced fluorescence quenching to offer a novel method of image photopatterning. |
14518879 | Formation of pyrene nano-rods within a supramolecular framework. | The combination of trimesic acid and the tri-dentate linker 1,3,5-tri(4-pyridyl)-2,4,6-triazine leads to the assembly of a bilayer structure, which contains four pyrene molecules per cavity; adjacent tetrameric aggregates within the channels formed by the superimposed layers combine to yield pyrene nano-rods. |
14518871 | Copper-free, recoverable dendritic Pd catalysts for the Sonogashira reaction. | Three generations of bidentate phosphinated Pd(II) dendrimers are efficient catalysts in the absence of copper co-catalyst for the Sonogashira reaction and are, with two cyclohexyl substituents on the phosphorus atoms, recovered by precipitation and re-used. |
14518869 | Association and orientation of C70 on complexation with calix[5]arene. | Calix[5]arene and C70 in p-xylene form a ball-and-socket supramolecular complex with the C5 axis of the fullerene tilted 40 degrees relative to the symmetry axis of the calixarene, the extended structure is comprised of well-separated zigzag sheets of C70 molecules. |
14518868 | Molecular ferries: membrane carriers that promote phospholipid flip-flop and chloride transport. | The facilitated transport of ionic or polar solutes through biological membranes is an essential process for cellular life, and a major technical goal of the pharmaceutical industry. Synthetic receptors with affinities for anions are shown to act as molecular ferries and facilitate the movement of chloride ions and sal... |
14518776 | Capillary electrophoresis with laser induced-fluorescence detection of profens derivatized with the water-soluble fluorogenic reagent 4-N-(4-N'-aminoethyl)piperazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole. | Profens, including pranoprofen, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and ibuprofen (Ib), were derivatized by a water-soluble benzofurazan fluorescent reagent, 4-N-(4-N'-aminoethyl)piperazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and then were run on capillary electrophoresis in a NH4Ac-HAc buffer of pH 3.1 containing 2.4 mM bet... |
14518761 | Cyclodextrin-based liquid chromatographic enantiomeric separation of chiral dihydrofurocoumarins, an emerging class of medicinal compounds. | A set of 28 racemic dihydrofurocoumarins in which the stereogenic center is located in the furan ring have been synthesized. Currently no effective asymmetric synthesis of this class of compounds exists, although their enantiomers are produced biologically by certain plants. Their diverse medicinal properties are being... |
14517202 | Compartmentalization of integrin alpha6beta4 signaling in lipid rafts. | Integrin alpha6beta4 signaling proceeds through Src family kinase (SFK)-mediated phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail of beta4, recruitment of Shc, and activation of Ras and phosphoinositide-3 kinase. Upon cessation of signaling, alpha6beta4 mediates assembly of hemidesmosomes. Here, we report that part of alpha6bet... |
14517201 | Stored elastic energy powers the 60-microm extension of the Limulus polyphemus sperm actin bundle. | During the 5 s of the acrosome reaction of Limulus polyphemus sperm, a 60-microm-long bundle of scruin-decorated actin filaments straightens from a coiled conformation and extends from the cell. To identify the motive force for this movement, we examined the possible sources of chemical and mechanical energy and show t... |
14518050 | High-speed chiral separations on a microchip with UV detection. | Fast chiral separations of a variety of basic and acidic compounds could be realized on microfluidic quartz chips. A microchip electrophoresis instrument equipped with a linear imaging UV-detector was used. The usually applied but troublesome fluorescence tagging in order to enable fluorescence detection could be omitt... |
14518043 | In vivo simultaneous monitoring of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and L-aspartate using brain microdialysis and capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection: Analytical developments and in vitro/in vivo validations. | gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and L-aspartate (L-Asp) are three major amino acid neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. In this work, a method for the separation of these three neurotransmitters in brain microdialysis samples using a commercially available capillary electrophoresis (CE) sys... |
14518038 | Influence of pH on electrophoretic behavior of phenothiazines and determination of pKa values by capillary zone electrophoresis. | The influence of buffer pH on the electrophoretic behavior of 13 structurally related phenothiazines and determination of pK(a) values by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) were investigated. The results indicate that phenothiazines with a piperazine substituent behave quite differently from those with substituents h... |
14518036 | Enantioseparation of phenothiazines in cyclodextrin-modified capillary zone electrophoresis: reversal of migration order. | Enantioseparations of phenothiazines with gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) as a chiral selector were investigated using citrate and phosphate buffer electrolytes at pH 3.0. Reversal of the enantiomer migration order of promethazine, ethopropazine, and trimeprazine was observed by varying gamma-CD concentration in the rang... |
14513560 | Mobility-shift analysis with microfluidics chips. | Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA) is a well-characterized and widely used technique for the analysis of proten-DNA interaction and the analysis of transcription factor combinatorics. Currently implemented EMSA generally involves the time-consuming use of radiolabeled DNA and polyacrylamide gel electrophore... |
14510594 | Multitarget affinity/specificity screening of natural products: finding and characterizing high-affinity ligands from complex mixtures by using high-performance mass spectrometry. | In this work we describe a high-throughput screening approach based on electrospray ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR) that rapidly interrogates the noncovalent interaction between RNA-based drug targets and components derived from a bacterial natural product library. The... |
14508491 | A high-affinity conformation of Hsp90 confers tumour selectivity on Hsp90 inhibitors. | Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signalling proteins, including HER-2/ErbB2, Akt, Raf-1, Bcr-Abl and mutated p53. Hsp90 inhibitors bind to Hsp90, and induce the proteasomal degradation of Hsp90 client proteins. Although Hsp90 is h... |
14506168 | Radiolabeling of avidin with very high specific activity for internal radiation therapy of intraperitoneally disseminated tumors. | <h4>Purpose</h4>For the effective internal radiation therapy of i.p. disseminated tumors, we developed avidin (Av)-dendrimer-chelate complex, which can be labeled with indium-111, emitting Auger and conversion electrons, with very high specific activity, and we studied its internalization, biodistribution, and therapeu... |
14505881 | Helical structure of sugar-carrying polystyrene in aqueous solution by circular dichroism. | Radical polymerization of N-p-vinylbenzyl-D-lactonamide (VLA) gave an optically active helical polymer. The stereoregularity of poly(N-p-vinylbenzyl-D-lactonamide) (PVLA) measured by 13C NMR spectroscopy showed a well-resolved sharp-line width, which was assigned to the phenyl C-1 carbon of the isotactic polystyrene (P... |
14505876 | A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for the detection of methyl ether derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose. | We have raised antibodies against two methylated derivatives of beta-CD, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)cyclomaltoheptaose (Dimeb) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)cyclomaltoheptaose (Trimeb). These antibodies were used to develop two specific and sensitive enzyme immunoassays, presenting a detection limit close to 500 and 30... |
14505873 | Stereoselective phosphorylation of branched cyclodextrins with inorganic cyclo-triphosphate. | The phosphorylation by inorganic sodium cyclo-triphosphate (P(3m)) having a six-membered ring was examined for cyclomaltohexaose (alpha-cyclodextrin) and branched cyclodextrins (mono-6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosylcyclomaltohexaose, mono-6-O-alpha-D-maltosylcyclomaltohexaose, mono-6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosylcyclomaltoheptaos... |
14507012 | Functional properties of cholesterol-removed whipping cream treated by beta-cyclodextrin. | The present study was carried out to examine the changes in functional properties of cholesterol-removed whipping cream by beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) treatment. The cholesterol removal rate reached over 90% in cream before whipping in all conditions (different stirring time and speed) applied. The apparent viscosity o... |
14504893 | [Transcorneal-paracorneal penetration route for topical application of drugs to the eyt. Mycophenolate mofetil as a model substance]. | <h4>Purpose</h4>Topically applied drugs can penetrate transcorneally or paracorneally (transsclerally). There are only few studies to demonstrate the relationship of both penetration routes. The immuno-modulator mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), ester and pro-drug of mycophenolic acid (MPA), is a promising substance for suc... |
14504224 | The AF-6 homolog canoe acts as a Rap1 effector during dorsal closure of the Drosophila embryo. | Rap1 belongs to the highly conserved Ras subfamily of small GTPases. In Drosophila, Rap1 plays a critical role in many different morphogenetic processes, but the molecular mechanisms executing its function are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Canoe (Cno), the Drosophila homolog of mammalian junctional protein AF-6, a... |
14502642 | Guest-framework interaction in type I inorganic clathrates with promising thermoelectric properties: on the ionic versus neutral nature of the alkaline-earth metal guest A in A8Ga16Ge30 (A=Sr, Ba). | Periodic density functional calculations using pseudopotentials and a local basis set were performed on the type I clathrates A(8)Ga(16)Ge(30) (A=Sr, Ba). Both are known to show promising thermoelectric properties. Ab initio wave functions were analyzed within the framework of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. ... |
14502629 | Supramolecular spintronic devices: spin transitions and magnetostructural correlations in [Fe4IIL4]8+ [2x2]-grid-type complexes. | The magnetism of a series of tetranuclear complexes of the [Fe4IIL4]8+ [2x2]-grid-type was investigated, revealing the occurrence of spin transition behavior within this class of compounds. The phenomenon depends directly on the nature of the substituent R(1) in the 2-position on the central pyrimidine group of the lig... |
14502628 | Chiral pyrimidine metallacalixarenes: synthesis, structure and host-guest chemistry. | A set of enantiomerically pure cyclic multinuclear complexes with the formula cis-[a(2)PdL](n) (n+) [a(2)=(R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (R,R-dach), (S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (S,S-dach); n=4, 6; LH=2-hydroxypyrimidine (2-Hpymo), 4,6-dimethyl-2-hydroxypyrimidine (2-Hdmpymo) and 4-hydroxypyrimidine (4-Hpymo)] were obtai... |
14502623 | Synthesis of five generations of redox-stable pentamethylamidoferrocenyl dendrimers and comparison of amidoferrocenyl- and pentamethylamidoferrocenyl dendrimers as electrochemical exoreceptors for the selective recognition of H2PO4-, HSO4-, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) anions: stereoelectronic and hydrophobic ro... | A family of five metallodendrimers with pentamethylamidoferrocenyl termini were synthesized from the DSM dendrimers G(n)-DAB-dend-(NH(2))(x) (x=4, 8, 16, 32, 64) and characterized by standard techniques, including prominent molecular peaks (broad for x=64) in their MALDI-TOF mass spectra. Oxidation of G(4)-DAB-dend-(NH... |
14499577 | The crystal structure of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranose: observation of C-H...pi interaction as a surrogate to O-H...O interaction of a free sugar. | The crystal structure of the title compound was determined by X-ray crystallography. The compound crystallized in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with four molecules in the unit cell with a=9.170(2), b=9.873 (2), c=38.831(8) A. The structure was refined to a R index of 0.041 for 7907 independent reflections.... |
14499924 | Hemodextrin: a self-assembled cyclodextrin-porphyrin construct that binds dioxygen. | Synthetic hemoprotein model compounds are of great interest due to the vital roles and complexities of hemoproteins. This study reports a novel, self-assembled hemoprotein model, hemodextrin. The synthesis and characterization of py-PPCD (2(A)-monopyridylmethyl-perPEGylated-beta-cyclodextrin) (2) is described. The mole... |
13679416 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates dopamine transporter surface expression and dopamine transport capacity. | The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates the clearance of dopamine (DA) released into the extracellular space and is an important site on which psychostimulants act to produce their effects. Here, we show that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulates the transport capacity and intracellular trafficking of DAT.... |
13679162 | Docking experiments showing similar recognition patterns of paclitaxel when interacting with different macromolecular targets. | Using the Protein Data Bank crystallographic model of paclitaxel with tubulin as reference, a comparative interaction study of the antitumor drug with known macromolecular targets such as beta-cyclodextrin and Dickerson's DNA dodecamer was carried out by molecular modeling techniques. AMBER* united atoms was found to b... |
13678790 | Effects of the permeability enhancers, tetradecylmaltoside and dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, on insulin movement across human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o-). | The permeability of human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o(-)) to radiolabelled insulin ([125I]insulin) formulated in the absence or presence of two different saccharide-containing permeability enhancers was investigated. In the absence of either enhancer, mannitol permeability and transepithelial electrical resist... |
13680848 | Molecular characterization of two host-guest associating hyaluronan derivatives. | Molecular characteristics were determined of two high-molecular-weight water-soluble hyaluronan derivatives, namely beta-cyclodextrin (HA-beta-CD) and N-acylurea (EDC-HA). The weight-average molecular weight (M(w)) of HA-beta-CD and of EDC-HA, determined with a multi-angle light scattering detector connected on-line to... |
13678225 | A rotaxane synthesis based on stilbene photoisomerization. A photoswitchable catch and release process. | A [2]rotaxane, having (Z)-alpha-methylstilbene as a stopper, is (1) synthesized in good yield by using a (E)- to (Z)-stilbene photoisomerization process, and (2) dissociated by reverse photoisomerization from (Z)- to (E)-stilbene. |
13678214 | Ring-opening polymerization of gold macrocycles and self-assembly of a coordination polymer through hydrogen-bonding. | The equilibrium between digold and tetragold rings and a ring-opened oligomer and polymer is established by NMR and ESI-MS studies in solution and by structure determinations in the solid state; the polymer containing amide-derivatized ligands undergoes self-assembly through hydrogen bonding to give an ordered network. |
13678203 | Synthesis, characteristics and luminescence properties of oligo(phenylenevinylene) dimers with a biphenyl linkage center. | Building a new structual oligo(phenylenevinylene) by linking trimeric phenylenvinylene (TPV) through the phenylphenyl bond of a central phenylene ring was reported. The resultant TPV dimers exhibit weak intermolecular interactions and intense blue photoluminescence in the solid state as well as high phase transition te... |
13678188 | A stable cis-stilbene derivative encapsulated in cucurbit[7]uril. | cis-Diaminostilbene dihydrochloride encapsulated in cucurbit[7]uril does not spontaneously isomerize to the trans isomer at room temperature as a result of the strong host-guest interactions including strong hydrogen bonds between the two protonated amine termini of the C-shaped guest and the portal oxygen atoms of the... |
13678187 | Host-guest recognition of calcium by crown-ether substituted phthalocyanine array on Au(111): relationship between crown moieties and gold lattice. | High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy has revealed that, of the four crown-ether moieties of 15-crown-5-ed phthalocyanine array on Au(111) surface, only two crown-ether voids at diagonal positions, where the void centers and hollows surrounded by three gold atoms match exactly, trap two Ca2+ ions. |
13678180 | Highly selective recognition of lead ion in water by a podand fluoroionophore/gamma-cyclodextrin complex sensor. | We report herein a novel podand fluoroionophore/gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CyD) complex sensor that shows markedly high selectivity for lead (Pb2+) ion in water. |
13678161 | Water assisted formation of a pseudorotaxane and its dimer based on a supramolecular cryptand. | Water acts as a "molecular clip" to form a supramolecular cryptand structure that improves complexation of a diammonium salt by pseudorotaxane formation, and leads to a novel dimer in the solid state. |
13129366 | Nonplanar distortions of bis-base low-spin iron(II)-porphyrinates: absorption and resonance Raman investigations of cross-trans-linked iron(II)-basket-handle porphyrin complexes. | Electronic absorption and Soret-excited resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for bis-N-alkylimidazole and bis-pyridine complexes of various cross-trans-linked iron(II)-"basket-handle" porphyrins (Fe(II)-BHP) in methylene chloride. These compounds enable us to characterize the spectroscopic properties of ruffled si... |
13129344 | Triple-helix propensity of hydroxyproline and fluoroproline: comparison of host-guest and repeating tripeptide collagen models. | Peptide models have proved important in defining the structural features of the collagen triple-helix. Some models are based on multiple repeats of a given tripeptide unit, while a host-guest design includes an individual tripeptide unit substituted within a constant repeating Pro-Hyp-Gly framework. In the present stud... |
13129342 | Vapor phase self-assembly of electrooptic thin films via triple hydrogen bonds. | The donor-acceptor pi-electron chromophore 5-{4-[2-(4,6-diamino-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-vinyl]-benzylidene}-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione (DTPT) was designed and synthesized. Triple H-bonding interactions between neighboring molecules direct self-assembled chromophore alignment in a head-to-tail orientation using a straightforw... |
13129333 | Chemical activation of cytochrome c proteins via crown ether complexation: cold-active synzymes for enantiomer-selective sulfoxide oxidation in methanol. | Supramolecular complexation with 18-crown-6 significantly converted catalytically inactive cytochrome c (biological form) to catalytically active synzyme (artificial form). Although a family of cytochrome c proteins does not work as enzymes in nature, crown ether complexation modified their heme coordination structures... |
13130020 | Paenibacillus stellifer sp. nov., a cyclodextrin-producing species isolated from paperboard. | The microflora isolated from food-packaging board is dominated by paenibacilli; a number of these micro-organisms have been characterized using a polyphasic approach. The highest 16S rRNA gene similarity was found between these isolates and Paenibacillus azotofixans ATCC 35681(T) (97.7 %). The main fatty acid of the pa... |
13129743 | [Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage for acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis with multiple organ failure: report of 25 cases]. | <h4>Objective</h4>To explore the treatment of acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC) with multiple organ failure (MOF).<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty-five patients with AOSC complicated by MOF underwent non-surgical comprehensive therapies, including endoscopic naso biliary drainage (ENBD), flushing and antibiotic pe... |
13129410 | Activated clearance of a biotinylated macromolecular MRI contrast agent from the blood pool using an avidin chase. | The enhancement characteristics of a contrast agent are dependent on its pharmacokinetics within the body. In the case of macromolecular contrast agents, prolonged enhancement of the blood pool is seen after the first dose, limiting opportunities for repeated injection in the same session. If the enhancement within the... |
13129407 | Affinity capture-facilitated preparation of aequorin- oligonucleotide conjugates for rapid hybridization assays. | We report a general procedure for the preparation of biomolecular conjugates that combine the molecular recognition properties of oligonucleotides with the high detectability of the photoprotein aequorin. Central to the conjugation protocols is the use of recombinant aequorin fused to a hexahistidine tag. In one protoc... |
13129405 | Synthesis of linear, beta-cyclodextrin-based polymers and their camptothecin conjugates. | 6(A),6(D)-Bis-(2-amino-2-carboxylethylthio)-6(A),6(D)-dideoxy-beta-cyclodextrin 1, a diamino acid derivative of beta-cyclodextrin, is synthesized and condensed with difunctionalized PEG comonomers to give linear, high molecular weight (M(w) over 50 kDa) beta-cyclodextrin-based polymers (2-4) with pendant functionality ... |
13129393 | A fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensor based on maltose binding protein. | A fluorescence resonance energy-transfer (FRET) sensing system for maltose based on E. coli maltose binding protein (MBP) is demonstrated. The FRET donor portion of the sensing system consists of MBP modified with long wavelength-excitable cyanine dyes (Cy3 or Cy3.5). The novel acceptor portion of the sensor consists o... |
13129392 | Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of folate-cyclodextrin bioconjugate for active drug delivery. | beta-Cyclodextrin-poly(ethylene glycol)-folic acid conjugate (CD-PEG-FA) was synthesized according to a two-step procedure: (1). synthesis of CD-PEG-NH(2) by reaction of monotosyl-activated beta-cyclodextrin with excess of 700 Da diamino-PEG; (2). synthesis of CD-PEG-FA by reaction of CD-PEG-NH(2) with succinimidyl est... |
12974625 | Analysis of the sequence motifs responsible for the interactions of peroxins 14 and 5, which are involved in glycosome biogenesis in Trypanosoma brucei. | Glycosome biogenesis in trypanosomatids occurs via a process that is homologous to peroxisome biogenesis in other eukaryotes. Glycosomal matrix proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and imported posttranslationally. The import process involves a series of protein-protein interactions starting by recognition of glycos... |
12972091 | Stereospecific determination of citalopram and desmethylcitalopram by capillary electrophoresis and liquid-phase microextraction. | A chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) system allowing simultaneous enantiomer determination of citalopram (CIT) and its pharmacologically active metabolite desmethylcitalopram (DCIT) was developed. Excellent chiral separation was obtained using 1% sulfated-beta-cyclodextrin (S-beta-CD) as chiral selector in combinati... |
12972080 | Chiral separation of dioxopromethazine in eye drops by CZE with charged cyclodextrin. | Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with carboxyethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CE-beta-CD) dissolved in the operating buffer was used for the separation and determination of enantiomers of phenothiazine antihistaminic, dioxopromethazine, in commercial pharmaceutical preparation, eye drops. This chiral selector, negatively c... |
12971789 | Synthesis and characterization of two polymorphic crystalline phases and an amorphous powder of nickel(II) bisimidazolate. | Nickel(II) bisimidazolate is polymorphic. Depending on the synthetic strategy adopted, two crystalline phases (alpha- and beta-Ni(im)(2)) or an amorphous material of the same composition can be prepared. The thermodynamically stable alpha-Ni(im)(2) phase, which can be prepared in water at elevated temperatures, contain... |
12971769 | A phosphorus supported multisite coordinating tris hydrazone P(S)[N(Me)N=CH-C6H4-o-OH]3 as an efficient ligand for the assembly of trinuclear metal complexes: synthesis, structure, and magnetism. | A phosphorus supported multisite coordinating ligand P(S)[N(Me)N=CH-C(6)H(4)-o-OH](3) (2) was prepared by the condensation of the phosphorus tris hydrazide P(S)[N(Me)NH(2)](3) (1) with o-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The reaction of 2 with M(OAc)(2).xH(2)O (M = Mn, Co, Ni, x = 4; M = Zn, x = 2) afforded neutral trinuclear compl... |
12971757 | Equilibria between metallosupramolecular squares and triangles with the new rigid linker 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)tetrafluorobenzene. Experimental and theoretical study of the structural dependence of NMR data. | The new fluorinated rigid ligand L, 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)tetrafluorobenzene, was used in combination with different diphosphine Pd(II) and Pt(II) triflates to build metallosupramolecular assemblies. Complex equilibria between triangular and square entities were detected for all the cases. Characterization of the equilibri... |
12973814 | Large-volume sample stacking combined with separation by 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin for analysis of isoxyzolylpenicillins by capillary electrophoresis. | A simple, quick and sensitive capillary electrophoretic technique has been developed for the pharmaceutical analysis of isoxazolylpenicillins (oxacillin, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin) at trace levels for the first time. This method comprises large-volume sample stacking using the electroosmotic flow (EOF) pump (LVSEP)... |
12973800 | An insight into the phenomena involved in a multiple-function stationary phase for the capillary electrochromatographic separation of 2'-, 3'-, and 5'-monophosphorylated nucleoside isomers. | The electrochromatographic separations of 2'-, 3'- and 5'-monophosphates of adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, and uridine were carried out with an open-tubular capillary column which was wall-coated with a highly selective reagent, 28-membered macrocyclic polyamine, 4, 8, 12, 18, 22, 26-hexaaza-1,15-dioxacyclooctaeicosan... |
12973798 | A new micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method for separation of the components of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. | Aminoglycoside antibiotics are always a mixture of structurally related amino sugars, which do not have a chromophore or fluorophore. The aim of the study was to find one method for evaluation of the components and impurities of the antibiotics. Derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde and thioglycolic acid is found to b... |
12973795 | Recent developments in capillary electrokinetic chromatography with replaceable charged pseudostationary phases or additives. | Although electrochromatography in packed beds or monolithic columns has gained enormous interest, techniques based on charged pseudostationary phases like micelles are of high practical importance in electrically driven separation science. However, nonmicellar alternatives, e.g., using charged soluble polymers or small... |
12973822 | Three vehicle formulations for melagatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, evaluated in a vena cava thrombosis model in the rat. | <h4>Background</h4>The objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of a depot formulation would enhance the antithrombotic effect of the direct thrombin inhibitor melagatran.<h4>Methods and results</h4>In a rat venous thrombosis model, animals were openly randomized to receive subcutaneously (s.c.) eithe... |
12970916 | Clinical study on nutrition support in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. | <h4>Aim</h4>To investigate the effect of nutritional support therapy on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 96 patients with severe acute pancreatitis were divided randomly into control and treatment groups. The former group received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via central venous infusion, w... |
12969207 | Use of risperidone in a paediatric population: an observational study. | <h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the impact of risperidone on functional impairment in a paediatric sample and to document the range of adverse drug reactions.<h4>Methods</h4>Risperidone treatment in children and adolescents (n = 51) with severe behavioural disturbances was assessed retrospectively to determine clinical r... |
12968910 | Novel route to functionalized tetraaryltetra[2,3]naphthaloporphyrins via oxidative aromatization. | A novel general route to substituted meso-tetraaryltetra[2,3]naphthaloporphyrins (Ar(4)TNP) and meso-tetraaryloctamethoxytetra[2,3]naphthaloporphyrins (Ar(4)(MeO)(8)TNP) via oxidative aromatization of nonaromatically fused porphyrin precursors is described. Ar(4)(MeO)(8)TNPs exhibit more red-shifted absorption bands th... |
12968867 | Supramolecular chirogenesis in zinc porphyrins: interaction with bidentate ligands, formation of tweezer structures, and the origin of enhanced optical activity. | The complexation behavior, binding properties, and spectral parameters of supramolecular chirality induction in the achiral host molecule, syn (face-to-face conformation) ethane-bridged bis(zinc porphyrin), upon interaction with chiral bidentate guests (diamines and amino alcohols) have been studied by means of UV-vis,... |
12970214 | Midterm results after stentless mitral valve replacement. | <h4>Background</h4>To analyze the midterm clinical results after stentless mitral valve (SMV) replacement.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Fifty one patients (68.3+/-8.4 years, 35 female) with severe mitral valve disease (stenosis 25, incompetence 17, mixed lesion 9) received a chordally supported SMV (Quattro, St. Jude Med... |
12967317 | Core-modified hexaphyrins; characterization of two- and four-ring inverted 26 pi aromatic macrocycles. | [reaction: see text] Synthesis and structural characterization of aromatic core-modified 26 pi hexaphyrin analogues are reported. |
12967288 | An orthogonal approach to multifunctional molecularly imprinted polymers. | [structure: see text] An "orthogonal" approach to molecularly imprinted polymers has been demonstrated using a crown ether derived monomer that does not exhibit cross-reactivity with other functional monomers. This strategy provides multiple functional groups in the binding site of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs)... |
12967276 | Heme-protein active site models via self-assembly in water. | [structure: see text] Water-soluble models of heme-protein active sites are obtained via the self-assembly of cationic porphyrins 1 and tetrasulfonato calix[4]arene 2 (K(1.2)() = 10(5) M(-)(1)). Selective binding of ligands either outside or inside the cavity of assemblies 1.2 via coordination to the zinc center has be... |
12966139 | RNA binding protein sex-lethal (Sxl) and control of Drosophila sex determination and dosage compensation. | In the past two decades, scientists have elucidated the molecular mechanisms behind Drosophila sex determination and dosage compensation. These two processes are controlled essentially by two different sets of genes, which have in common a master regulatory gene, Sex-lethal (Sxl). Sxl encodes one of the best-characteri... |
12963455 | A fluorescence study of tetraphenylporphyrinatozinc(II)/imidazolyl-linked porphyrinatoiron(III) systems. | The fluorescence spectra of porphyrinatozinc(II)/iron(III) systems which consisted of tetraphenylporphyrinatozinc(II) and three kinds of imidazolyl-linked porphyrinatoiron(III) have been studied. An efficient fluorescence quenching of tetraphenylporphyrinatozinc(II) in the system was observed. Addition of a stronger or... |
12963447 | Synthesis and characterization of a novel cross-linking complex of beta-cyclodextrin-o-vanillin benzoylhydrazone and its selective spectrofluorimetric determination of trace amounts of zinc. | A novel host inclusion complex of beta-cyclodextrin-o-vanillin benzoylhydrazone (beta-CDP-OVBH) was prepared and characterized by IR and 1H-NMR spectra. A highly selective and sensitive fluorescent determination of trace amounts of zinc was proposed based on the reaction between Zn(2+) and beta-CDP-OVBH in sodium hydro... |
12963439 | The molecular recognition of tetra(p-t-butyl)tetrathiocalix[4]arene and its derivatives to heavy metal ions. | The molecular recognition of tetra(p-t-butyl)tetrathiocalix[4]arene (I)and its three derivatives to heavy metal ions has been investigated by UV spectroscopy and solvent extraction. These derivatives include 5,11,17,23,-tetra-t-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetrakis(acetylmethoxy)tetrathiocalix[4]arene (II), 5,11,17,23-tetra-t-but... |
12960351 | Lipid raft localization of cell surface E-selectin is required for ligation-induced activation of phospholipase C gamma. | E-selectin, an endothelial cell surface adhesion receptor for leukocytes, also acts as a signaling receptor. Upon multivalent ligation, E-selectin transduces outside-in signals into the endothelium leading to changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling ... |
12959616 | Effect of amino acid sequence and pH on nanofiber formation of self-assembling peptides EAK16-II and EAK16-IV. | Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and axisymmetric drop shape analysis-profile (ASDA-P) were used to investigate the mechanism of self-assembly of peptides. The peptides chosen consisted of 16 alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids, where the hydrophilic residues possess alternating negative and positive charg... |
12959590 | Synthesis of a chitosan-dendrimer hybrid and its biodegradation. | Chitosan-dendrimer hybrids having various functional groups such as carboxyl, ester, and poly(ethylene glycol) groups were prepared successfully using dendrimer acetal by reductive N-alkylation. The synthetic procedure could be accomplished by one-step reaction without organic solvent. The degree of substitution of den... |
12959579 | Site-selective lateral multilayer assembly of bienzyme with polyelectrolyte on ITO electrode based on electric field-induced directly layer-by-layer deposition. | We describe here a new approach to construct a multilayer enzyme/polyelectrolyte film on a structured transparent indium-tin oxide (ITO) covered glass electrode surface as micropattern, on which two different types of enzyme distributed laterally on one common substrate without interference. The multilayer film was pre... |
12960547 | Reversal of neuromuscular blockade and simultaneous increase in plasma rocuronium concentration after the intravenous infusion of the novel reversal agent Org 25969. | <h4>Background</h4>The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the plasma concentration of rocuronium and the reversal of its neuromuscular blockade after the intravenous infusion of Org 25969, the novel neuromuscular block-reversal agent, in anesthetized guinea pigs.<h4>Methods</h4>Rocuronium was infused... |
12957301 | Modelling self assembly of natural silk solutions. | We present a tentative interpretation of the origin of nematic liquid crystalline order exhibited by various natural silk fibroin solutions, notably those of orb-weaving spiders and the domestic silkworm Bombyx mori. It is thought that liquid crystalline rheology is exploited during the spinning process. We discuss in ... |
12957714 | An electrochemical investigation of ligand-binding abilities of film-entrapped myoglobin. | Film-entrapped myoglobin exhibits well-defined electrochemistry which, upon ligand binding, displays a titratable redox potential shift. This effect has been observed to be highly dependent on the charged state of involved films. We have demonstrated that this approach may act as a model system for studies of molecular... |
12957922 | Introduction of Culex toxicity into Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4Ba by protein engineering. | Bacillus thuringiensis mosquitocidal toxin Cry4Ba has no significant natural activity against Culex quinquefasciatus or Culex pipiens (50% lethal concentrations [LC(50)], >80,000 and >20,000 ng/ml, respectively). We introduced amino acid substitutions in three putative loops of domain II of Cry4Ba. The mutant proteins ... |
12954784 | Studies of temperature-dependent electronic transduction on DNA hairpin loop sensor. | A self-assembly monolayer (SAM) of hairpin DNA can be formed on a gold substrate in order to make special biosensors. Labeling the hairpin loop probes with electroactive compositions rather than a fluorophore illustrates interesting profiles of redox current versus temperature. For a biosensor interacting with perfectl... |
12954769 | Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation accelerates DNA repair in a pathway dependent on Cockayne syndrome B protein. | Activation of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and PARP-2) is one of the earliest responses of mammalian cells to DNA damage by numerous genotoxic agents. We have analysed the influence of PARP inhibition, either achieved by over-expression of the DNA binding domain of PARP-1 or by treatment with 3,4-dihydro... |
12955130 | Nanotube electronics: large-scale assembly of carbon nanotubes. | Nanoscale electronic devices made from carbon nanotubes, such as transistors and sensors, are much smaller and more versatile than those that rely on conventional microelectronic chips, but their development for mass production has been thwarted by difficulties in aligning and integrating the millions of nanotubes requ... |
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