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12971717 | Is DNA sequence sufficient to specify DNA replication origins in metazoan cells? | DNA replication occupies a central position in the cell cycle and, therefore, in the development and life of multicellular organisms. During the last 10 years, our comprehension of this important process has considerably improved. Although the mechanisms that coordinate DNA replication with the other moments of the cel... |
12971716 | The principles of nuclear structure. | In multicellular eukaryotes, chromatin function is regulated by numerous extremely sophisticated mechanisms. Recent developments in our ability to monitor the organization and dynamic properties of the components involved in processes such as gene expression and DNA synthesis have emphasised how both global nuclear arc... |
12968366 | Sugar arrays in microtiter plates. | Presented herein are a variety of methods for the attachment of saccharides to the surface of microtiter plates through long-chain hydrocarbons capable of binding to the polystyrene surface through noncovalent interaction. These glycolipids have the benefit of diverse and facile conjugation procedures and the ability t... |
12963303 | Assessment of spiking procedures for the introduction of a phenanthrene-LNAPL mixture into field-wet soil. | Laboratory based studies on the fate of organic contaminants in soil typically requires the test compound(s) to be spiked into the test medium. Consequently, such studies are inherently dependent on the homogeneity of the contaminant within the spiked soil. Three blending methods were compared for the addition of a phe... |
12952174 | Amelogenin self-assembly and the role of the proline located within the carboxyl-teleopeptide. | A hallmark of biological systems is a reliance on protein assemblies to perform complex functions. We have focused attention on mammalian enamel formation because it relies on a self-assembling protein complex to direct mineral habit. The principle protein of enamel is amelogenin that self-assembles to form nanospheres... |
12952173 | Amelogenin protein exhibits a modular design: implications for form and function. | The most abundant protein of forming enamel is amelogenin, a protein capable of self-assembly to form nanospheres. Naturally occurring mutations in the human amelogenin gene are responsible for at least some of the disease entities known collectively as amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), although it is clear that the AI phe... |
12945738 | Loading amplification of radiation grafted polymers (crowns and lanterns) and their application in the solid-phase synthesis of hydantoin libraries. | Solid-phase dendrimer chemistry using a symmetrical 1 --> 3 C-branched isocyanate monomer was used to prepare radiation-grafted polymers with enhanced loading. After evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of these new high-loading supports, they were tested in the multiple parallel synthesis of hydantoins. |
12942524 | Morphology of nerve fiber regeneration along a biodegradable poly (DLLA-epsilon-CL) nerve guide filled with fresh skeletal muscle. | Previous morphological and morphometrical studies showed that fresh-skeletal-muscle-enriched vein segments are good conduits for leading peripheral nerve regeneration. In the present study, we investigated the morphological features of peripheral nerve fibers regenerated along a 10-mm-long biodegradable poly (DLLA-epsi... |
12939498 | Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry studies of low molecular weight dendrimers. | We report the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry, with delayed extraction in the reflectron mode, for the characterization of low molecular weight dendrimers. 20 dendrimer samples were measured and 4 typical dendrimers, as examples, are discussed in d... |
12929441 | The selective functionalisation and difunctionalisation of p-substituted calix[6]arene and calix[8]arenes using hydrophilic moieties. | Methodologies to access water soluble large ringed calixarenes in good yield using efficient synthetic procedures have been investigated. Symmetrical partial functionalisations at the lower rim are described using activated [n]ethylene glycol chains and the addition behaviour contrasted with that of bromoalkanenitriles... |
12929419 | 2D-supramolecular arrangements of dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether and its inclusion complex with potassium ion by potential controlled adsorption. | The construction of self-organized adlayers of dibenzo-18-crown-6 and its inclusion complex with potassium ion on a Au(111) surface was independently achieved by potential-controlled adsorption. Highly-ordered adlayers both for the metal-free state and the complex were visualized by in-situ STM with sub-molecular visua... |
12929416 | Energy transfer in multichromophoric self-assembled molecular squares. | Metal-ion directed self-assembly afforded well-defined molecular squares with a mass of 12 kDa incorporating four perylene bisimide and sixteen pyrene chromophores organized in a circular way. Energy transfer from the pyrene to the perylene dye manifold is investigated by emission and excitation spectroscopy. |
12929413 | Dependence of selective enclathration on types of cholic acid crystals. | Competitive recrystallizations of cholic acid (CA) from 1:1 binary mixtures of seven mono-substituted benzenes are demonstrated. The order of preference for guests to be incorporated into the cholic acid crystals are as follows: benzene, toluene > n-amylbenzene, n-hexylbenzene > ethylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, n-butylbe... |
12929412 | Preferential precipitation of C70 over C60 with p-halohomooxacalix[3]arenes. | Preferential precipitation of C70 from a toluene solution of C60 and C70 was accomplished with p-trihalohomooxacalix[3]arenes (1(3).X.X.X) prepared by the reductive coupling of diformylphenols. Heavy halogens, Br and/or I, are essential at the para position of 1(3).X.X.X for obtaining good yields and selectivities. C70... |
12929411 | Singlet-energy transfer in quadruple hydrogen-bonded oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)perylene-diimide dyads. | The photophysical properties of a supramolecular donor-acceptor dyad consisting of an oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) unit and a perylene-diimide unit are described. The dyad is created by functionalising the two chromophores with quadruple hydrogen bonding 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone units, which provide a high association... |
12929391 | DNA recognition by the anthracycline antibiotic respinomycin D: NMR structure of the intercalation complex with d(AGACGTCT)2. | Respinomycin D is a member of the anthracycline family of antitumour antibiotics that interact with double stranded DNA through intercalation. The clinical agents daunomycin and doxorubicin are the most well-studied of this class but have a relatively simple molecular architecture in which the pendant daunosamine sugar... |
12927080 | Biological effect of varying peptide binding affinity to the BoLA-DRB3*2703 allele. | MHC class I and II molecules are immunoregulatory cell surface glycoproteins, which selectively bind to and present antigenic peptides to T-lymphocytes. Murine and human studies show that variable peptide binding affinity to MHC II molecules influences Th1/Th2 responses by inducing distinctive cytokine expression. To e... |
12926232 | Dendrimer-based macromolecular MRI contrast agents: characteristics and application. | Numerous macromolecular MRI contrast agents prepared employing relatively simple chemistry may be readily available that can provide sufficient enhancement for multiple applications. These agents operate using a approximately 100-fold lower concentration of gadolinium ions in comparison to the necessary concentration o... |
12916919 | Study of isopropyl myristate microemulsion systems containing cyclodextrins to improve the solubility of 2 model hydrophobic drugs. | The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effect of alkanols and cyclodextrins on the phase behavior of an isopropyl myristate microemulsion system and to examine the solubility of model drugs. Triangular phase diagrams were developed for the microemulsion systems using the water titration method, and the sol... |
12916912 | Physicochemical characterization and dissolution properties of nimesulide-cyclodextrin binary systems. | The objective of this work is physicochemical characterization of nimesulide-cyclodextrin binary systems both in solution and solid state and to improve the dissolution properties of nimesulide (N) via complexation with alpha-, beta, and gamma-cyclodextrins (CDs). Detection of inclusion complexation was done in solutio... |
12906134 | Population variation in the A chromosome distribution of satellite DNA and ribosomal DNA in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. | The double FISH analysis of two repetitive DNAs (a satellite DNA and ribosomal DNA) in 12 natural populations of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans collected at the south (Granada and Málaga provinces) and south-east (Albacete and Murcia provinces) of the Iberian Peninsula has shown their wide-spread presence throug... |
12906133 | Identification and characterization of U1 small nuclear RNA genes from two crustacean isopod species. | Four different units containing three variants of the U1 snRNA gene have been identified in the genome of Asellus aquaticus and only one unit has been identified in the genome of Proasellus coxalis. All four identified U1 snRNA genes can be folded according to the proper secondary structure and possess the functionally... |
12906132 | Pericentromeric euchromatin is conserved in minute human supernumerary chromosomes: a study using cross-species colour segmenting (RxFISH). | Investigation of marker chromosomes is one of the most challenging areas of clinical cytogenetics, especially in the prenatal scenario. A range of techniques including microdissection/reverse painting, SKY and M-FISH are available for the investigation of larger markers (>3 Mb). All these techniques rely on hybridizati... |
12906131 | Partially functional Cenpa-GFP fusion protein causes increased chromosome missegregation and apoptosis during mouse embryogenesis. | CENP-A is an essential histone H3-like protein that localizes to the centromeric region of eukaryotic chromosomes. Heterozygous and homozygous Cenpa-GFP fusion-protein mouse mutants, generated through targeted insertion of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into the mouse Cenpa gene locus, show specific localized... |
12906130 | Characterization of the atypical karyotype of the black-winged kite Elanus caeruleus (Falconiformes: Accipitridae) by means of classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques. | The karyotype of the black-winged kite (Elanus caeruleus), a small diurnal raptor living in Africa, Asia and southern Europe, was studied with classical (G-, C-, R-banding, and Ag-NOR staining) and molecular cytogenetic methods, including primed in-situ labelling (PRINS) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) wi... |
12906129 | Chromosomal studies in Callicebus donacophilus pallescens, with classic and molecular cytogenetic approaches: multicolour FISH using human and Saguinus oedipus painting probes. | This paper presents the karyotype of Callicebus donacophilus pallescens for the first time. The analysis included G-, C-, NOR-banding techniques and FISH with chromosome painting probes from Saguinus oedipus and Homo sapiens. The results were compared with the karyotypes of Callicebus moloch donacophilus and C. moloch ... |
12906128 | Human chromosome 16 conservation in primates. | A study was made of the organization of the chromosome orthologous to HSA16 in primates using a panel of 8 BAC probes spanning human chromosome 16. The probes were used in FISH experiments on great apes and on representatives of the Old World monkeys, New World monkeys, and lemurs. The domestic cat was used as an outgr... |
12906127 | Identification and chromosomal localization of mariner-like elements in the cabbage moth Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera). | A complete mariner-like element has been identified in the lepidopteran Mamestra brassicae. This element, called Mbmar, represents a new type of mariner transposon. It has a transposase similar to that of other insect mariner coding sequences but its inverted terminal repeats differ from typical mariner ones. This obse... |
12906126 | Molecular and cytogenetic organization of the 5S ribosomal DNA array in chicken (Gallus gallus). | The 5S ribosomal (r) RNA genes encode a small (approximately 120-bp) highly-conserved component of the large ribosomal subunit. The objective of the present research was to study the molecular and cytogenetic organization of the chicken 5S rDNA. A predominant 2.2-kb gene (5Salpha) consisting of a coding and intergenic ... |
15100467 | Unusual covalent bond-breaking reactions of beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of nucleobases/nucleosides and related guest molecules. | Host-guest complexes between nucleobases or nucleosides and beta-cyclodextrin can be observed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and their relative abundances appear to correlate with the condensed-phase binding order. Using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, the extent of t... |
15096708 | Near-infrared fluorescence optical imaging and tomography. | The advent of recent advances in near-infrared laser diodes and fast electro-optic detection has spawned a new research field of diagnostic spectroscopy and imaging based on targeting and reporting exogenous fluorescent agents. This review seeks to concisely address the physics, instrumentation, advancements in tomogra... |
12901438 | Preparation of porous hydrolyzable polyrotaxane hydrogels and their erosion behavior. | We have prepared porous polyrotaxane hydrogels by using the salt leaching technique. Porous hydrogels were found to have a uniform and highly porous structure. The size of pores in each hydrogel was directly proportional to the size of the sodium chloride particle used. Structural uniformity of the hydrogels is useful ... |
12891896 | [Capillary electrochromatography for chiral separation and purity testing of pharmaceutical drug substances]. | Chiral separation of D,L-Norgestrel was successfully performed by cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrochromatographic (CEC) method. Optimized CEC conditions for purity testing were achieved: Hypersil C-18 packed capillary and 10 mM 2-[N-morpholino]-ethanesulfonic acid buffer (MES) and 40 v/v % methanol as background... |
12884386 | Calix[4]arene, calix[4]resorcarene, and cyclodextrin derivatives and their lanthanide complexes as chiral NMR shift reagents. | Calix[4]arenes, calix[4]resorcarenes, and anionic cyclodextrin derivatives were examined as chiral NMR solvating agents. The calix[4]arenes were prepared by attachment of amino acids through the hydroxyl groups of the phenol rings. Chloroform-, methanol-, and water-soluble derivatives were prepared and tested with a ra... |
12884372 | Design and synthesis of fluorescent beta-cyclodextrins for the enantioselective sensing of alpha-amino acids. | Fluorescent monofunctionalized beta-cyclodextrins bearing a copper(II) binding side arm and a dansyl group (CD-NH-AA-CH(2)CH(2)NH-DNS) were designed as enantioselective sensors for unmodified alpha-amino acids. The side arm was derived from amino acid synthons (AA = L- and D-phenylalanine (1 and 2), L- and D-phenylglyc... |
12884371 | Novel cinchona carbamate selectors with complementary enantioseparation characteristics for N-acylated amino acids. | The synthesis and chromatographic evaluation of the enantiomer separation capabilities of covalently immobilized calix[4]arene-cinchona carbamate hybrid type receptors derived from quinine (QN) and its corresponding C9-epimer (eQN) in different solvents are reported. The receptors display complementary enantiomer separ... |
12884370 | Gas chromatographic separation of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon enantiomers on permethylated beta-cyclodextrin. | Enantiomers of chiral aliphatic hydrocarbons are generally difficult to separate because they lack functional groups to be derivatized in order to generate diastereomers. The systematic and quantitative separation of a series of branched hydrocarbon enantiomers using a chiral cyclodextrin stationary phase and a cryosta... |
12876869 | [Indications for continuous renal function replacement therapy]. | One of the most important achievements in the contemporary intensive care management is introduction of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The most common indications for CRRT are acute renal failure complicated with heart failure, volume overload, hypercatabolism, acute or chronic liver failure, and/or brain... |
12866939 | Influence of solvents on the variety of crystalline forms of erythromycin. | The influence of the organic solvents widely used in the pharmaceutical industry (acetone, methylethylketone, ethanol, and isopropanol) both in the presence and in the absence of water on the crystallization behavior of erythromycin (Em), a clinically relevant antibiotic of the macrolide group, was investigated. It was... |
12846374 | A straightforward synthesis in aqueous medium of enantiomerically. Enriched S(-)2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl. | Chiral, atropisomeric 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl has been extensively used to direct asymmetric processes. Its key role in asymmetric catalysis has spurred efforts to synthesize it in the optically pure form, but the reported synthetic routes have a significant environmental impact. In an aqueous peroxydase-cyclode... |
12838604 | Bacterial cold shock responses. | As a measure for molecular motion, temperature is one of the most important environmental factors for life as it directly influences structural and hence functional properties of cellular components. After a sudden increase in ambient temperature, which is termed heat shock, bacteria respond by expressing a specific se... |
12836121 | [Enhanced liposomal transfection through the application of sex steroids in gynecological cancer cells]. | <h4>Objective</h4>Liposomal transfection in gene therapeutic application against gynecological malignoma does not reach satisfying efficacy. A desirable goal would be the specific intensification of transfection in these kind of cells. Steroids have successfully been used in other systems to increase liposomal transfec... |
15011076 | From supramolecular polymersomes to stimuli-responsive nano-capsules based on poly(diene-b-peptide) diblock copolymers. | This paper discusses the self-assembly of block copolymers into vesicular morphology. After a brief state of art of the field, a system based on an amphiphilic poly(butadiene)- b-poly(-L-glutamic acid) (PB- b-PGA) diblock copolymer in aqueous solution is discussed in detail. The aggregation behavior of this block copol... |
12820659 | Expression of a unique drug-resistant Hsp90 ortholog by the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. | In all species studied to date, the function of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperone, is inhibited selectively by the natural product drugs geldanamycin (GA) and radicicol. Crystal structures of the N-terminal region of yeast and human Hsp90 have revealed that the... |
12820653 | Integrin alphavbeta3, requirement for VEGFR2-mediated activation of SAPK2/p38 and for Hsp90-dependent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase in endothelial cells activated by VEGF. | Endothelial cell migration, a key process in angiogenesis, requires the coordinated integration of motogenic signals elicited by the adhesion of endothelial cells to extracellular matrices and by angiogenic cytokines such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we found that addition of VEGF to... |
12820215 | Probing the mechanisms of the self ion-molecule reactions of dopamine in an ion trap mass spectrometer. | Our previous work was the first to report [M+CH](+) and [M+C(2)H(3)](+) ions in the self ion-molecule reactions (SIMR) of two aza-crown ethers in an ion trap mass spectrometer (ITMS). In this study, the CH and C(2)H(3) addition ions were also found in the SIMR of dopamine. The SIMR of dopamine lead to the formation of ... |
12813573 | The effect of the presence of crown ether on ion transport across the lipid bilayer. | We studied the electric properties of phosphatidylcholine bilayers modified with crown ether (dibenzo[18] crown-6). The studies were carried out for various crown ether concentrations in forming solutions and various potassium ion concentrations in electrolyte solutions. The presence of crown ether in the membrane infl... |
12803561 | Enhanced secretion of heterologous cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase by a mutant of Bacillus licheniformis defective in the D-alanylation of teichoic acids. | <h4>Aims</h4>To examine whether inactivation of the dlt operon and increased charge density of the wall enhances secretion of heterologous proteins in industrial strains of Bacillus licheniformis.<h4>Methods and results</h4>The dltA gene of B. licheniformis was cloned, sequenced and mutated by inserting a chloramphenic... |
14991676 | New tools for the control of peptide conformation and supramolecular chemistry: crown-carrier, C(alpha)-methyl L-DOPA amino acids. | The preferred conformation of five, terminally protected, model peptide series to the hexamer level, based on three novel crowned, C(alpha)-methyl L-DOPA amino acids combined with either L-Ala/Aib or Gly/Aib, were assessed in structure supporting solvents using FT-IR absorption, (1)H NMR, and CD techniques. The FT-IR a... |
12797446 | Infection of dendritic cells by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise the major antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the host, uniquely programmed to stimulate immunologically naïve T lymphocytes. Viruses that can target and disorder the function of these cells enjoy a selective advantage. The cellular receptor for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), L... |
14984061 | Stress-induced extracellular Hsp72 is a functionally significant danger signal to the immune system. | Extracellular heat-shock proteins (eHsp) such as those belonging to the 70-kDa family of Hsp (eg, Hsp72) have been hypothesized to act as a "danger signal" to immune cells, promote immune responses, and improve host defense. The current study tested this hypothesis. Adult male F344 rats were exposed to an acute laborat... |
12784261 | Analysis of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase using 2,4-dinitrophenyl-1-thio N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as the substrate. | 2,4-Dinitrophenyl-1-thio N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide was examined as a new substrate for analyzing the level of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in the urine of patients suffering from renal diseases. The analysis is based on the fact that the substrate, when hydrolyzed in the presence of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminida... |
14959789 | Polymeric micelles for delivery of poorly water-soluble compounds. | Amphiphilic polymers assemble into nanoscopic supramolecular core-shell structures, termed polymeric micelles, which are under extensive study for drug delivery. There are several reasons for this growing interest. Polymeric micelles maybe safe for parenteral administration relative to existing solubilizing agents (for... |
12769294 | Chromatin dynamics and Arabidopsis development. | The plant life cycle involves a series of developmental phase transitions. These transitions require the regulation and highly co-ordinated expression of many genes. Epigenetic controls have now been shown to be a key element of this mechanism of regulation. In the model plant Arabidopsis, recent genetic and molecular ... |
12769293 | Telomere structure, function and maintenance in Arabidopsis. | The stability of eukaryotic genomes is provided in part by the integrity of telomeres, the nucleoprotein caps on the ends of chromosome. Recent studies reveal that proper telomere architecture is required for long-term proliferation capacity. Here we describe molecular mechanisms that protect and maintain chromosome en... |
12769292 | Using Arabidopsis to understand centromere function: progress and prospects. | Arabidopsis thaliana has emerged in recent years as a leading model for understanding the structure and function of higher eukaryotic centromeres. Arabidopsis centromeres, like those of virtually all higher eukaryotes, encompass large DNA domains consisting of a complex combination of unique, dispersed middle repetitiv... |
12769291 | Tandemly repeated DNA sequences and centromeric chromosomal regions of Arabidopsis species. | Despite their common function, centromeric DNA sequences are not conserved between organisms. Most centromeres of animals and plants so far investigated have now been shown to consist of large blocks of tandemly repeated satellite sequences that are embedded in recombination-deficient heterochromatic regions. This cent... |
12769290 | Heterochromatin in interphase nuclei of Arabidopsis thaliana. | The eukaryotic nucleus represents a complex arrangement of heterochromatic and euchromatic domains, each with their specific nuclear functions. Somatic cells of a multicellular organism are genetically identical, yet they may differ completely in nuclear organization and gene expression patterns. Stable changes in gene... |
12769289 | FISH analysis of meiosis in Arabidopsis allopolyploids. | Although allopolyploids are common in nature and in agriculture, knowledge of their origin, evolution and genomic regulation is limited. We study synthetic allotetraploids of Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis arenosa as well as the natural allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica. To elucidate the composition and behavior... |
12769288 | Meiotic chromosome synapsis and recombination in Arabidopsis thaliana; an integration of cytological and molecular approaches. | Arabidopsis has emerged as an important model for the analysis of meiosis in Angiosperm plants, creating an interesting and useful parallel to other model organisms. This development has been underpinned by advances in the molecular biology and genetics of Arabidopsis, especially the determination of its entire genome ... |
12769287 | Recent progress in chromosome painting of Arabidopsis and related species. | This paper reports on state-of-the-art achievements of chromosome painting in Arabidopsis thaliana (2n = 10). Arabidopsis chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 were painted using chromosome-specific BAC contigs. We consider technical aspects of the painting approach and document major applications, such as the tracing of Arabidopsis ... |
12769286 | Cytogenetic tools for Arabidopsis thaliana. | Although the first description of chromosomes of Arabidopsis dates as far back as 1907, little attention was paid to its cytogenetics for a long time. The spectacular interest in chromosome research for this species that now is the model plant species by excellence came with the introduction of molecular cytogenetical ... |
12768603 | Subcellular proteomics. | The step from the analysis of the genome to the analysis of the proteome is not just a matter of numerical complexity in terms of variants of gene products that can arise from a single gene. A significant further level of complexity is introduced by the supramolecular organization of gene products because of protein-pr... |
14768903 | Comparative molecular surface analysis: a novel tool for drug design and molecular diversity studies. | The application of the SOM network in drug design and molecular diversity is discussed. In particular, examples of the applications of the Comparative Molecular Surface Analysis (CoMSA) are reviewed. Molecular surface is a fuzzy category, inspired by the macroscopic world, which has no unique equivalent in the molecula... |
14768899 | A reagent-based strategy for the design of large combinatorial libraries: a preliminary experimental validation. | Combinatorial library design can be carried out at either the reagent or the product level. Various reports in the literature have come to conflicting conclusions in favor of one over the other. In this paper a reagent-based screening library design strategy is presented. The method relies on analysis of scaffolds and ... |
14755999 | [A report of generalized secondary peritonitis]. | Acute peritonitis not treated within the first 24-48 hours leads to complications that have to be solved by the surgeon. These complications represent MOF and the prognosis of the case is reserved. Our case has the following features: young female of 29 years of age admitted into the hospital in the gynaecologic depart... |
18007509 | Self-organizing neural networks for modeling robust 3D and 4D QSAR: application to dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. | We have used SOM and grid 3D and 4D QSAR schemes for modeling the activity of a series of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. Careful analysis of the performance and external predictivities proves that this method can provide an efficient inhibition model. |
18007508 | Protein quadratic indices of the "macromolecular pseudograph's alpha-carbon atom adjacency matrix". 1. Prediction of Arc repressor alanine-mutant's stability. | This report describes a new set of macromolecular descriptors of relevance to protein QSAR/QSPR studies, protein's quadratic indices. These descriptors are calculated from the macromolecular pseudograph's alpha-carbon atom adjacency matrix. A study of the protein stability effects for a complete set of alanine substitu... |
15626735 | Hodgkin lymphoma therapy with interleukin-4 receptor-directed cytotoxin in an infiltrating animal model. | Hodgkin lymphoma represents unique clinicopathologic features because Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells produce a variety of cytokines, express a variety of cytokine receptors, and are surrounded by numerous nonmalignant immunoreactive cells. We found that receptors for interleukin-4 (IL-4R) are highly expressed ... |
15626715 | Adsorption of frog foam nest proteins at the air-water interface. | The surfactant properties of aqueous protein mixtures (ranaspumins) from the foam nests of the tropical frog Physalaemus pustulosus have been investigated by surface tension, two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy, specular neutron reflection, and related biophysical techniques. Ranaspumins lower the surface ten... |
15626706 | The cysteine residues of HIV-1 capsid regulate oligomerization and cyclophilin A-induced changes. | Assembly of the HIV-1 virus involves, in part, strong interactions between the capsid (CA) domains of the Gag polyprotein. During maturation, the core of HIV-1 virions undergoes profound morphological changes due primarily to proteolysis of the CA domain from other Gag domains which may allow for more efficient disasse... |
15626698 | Cooperativity and kinetics of phase transitions in nanopore-confined bilayers studied by differential scanning calorimetry. | The first-order nature of the gel-to-liquid crystal phase transition of phospholipid bilayers requires very slow temperature rates in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments to minimize any rate-dependent distortions. Proportionality of the DSC signal to the rate poses a problem for studies of substrate-sup... |
15637430 | Relationship of urine output to dialysis initiation and mortality in acute renal failure. | <h4>Background</h4>A non-oliguric state is considered a good prognostic indicator in acute renal failure (ARF), and may lead to withholding renal replacement therapy in anticipation of recovery. The present study explores the relationship between urine volume and the start of dialysis and hospital mortality in patients... |
15625108 | An agent-based approach for modeling molecular self-organization. | Agent-based modeling is a technique currently used to simulate complex systems in computer science and social science. Here, we propose its application to the problem of molecular self-assembly. A system is allowed to evolve from a separated to an aggregated state following a combination of stochastic, deterministic, a... |
15707726 | Preformulation study of the inclusion complex warfarin-beta-cyclodextrin. | Inclusion complex between warfarin and beta-cyclodextrin was obtained to improve the in vitro bioavailability of the drug in acidic media. Inclusion complexation in solution was studied by phase solubility technique. The apparent stability constant was influenced by the pH of the medium ranging from 633.26 M(-1) (at pH... |
15630477 | The structure of a rigorously conserved RNA element within the SARS virus genome. | We have solved the three-dimensional crystal structure of the stem-loop II motif (s2m) RNA element of the SARS virus genome to 2.7-A resolution. SARS and related coronaviruses and astroviruses all possess a motif at the 3' end of their RNA genomes, called the s2m, whose pathogenic importance is inferred from its rigoro... |
18970012 | Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the inclusion complexation of chloramphenicol with beta-cyclodextrin. | The interaction of chloramphenicol and beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) in aqueous solution was studied using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) technology. The molar ratio of the inclusion complex was 1:1 established by spectrophotometry. The RRS technology was first applied to the determination of the inclusion constant ... |
15652203 | A new scleroglucan/borax hydrogel: swelling and drug release studies. | The aim of the work was the characterization of a new polysaccharidic physical hydrogel, obtained from Scleroglucan (Sclg) and borax, following water uptake and dimension variations during the swelling process. Furthermore, the release of molecules of different size (Theophylline (TPH), Vitamin B12 (Vit. B12) and Myogl... |
16508114 | Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of human growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5). | Growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) belongs to the large TGF-beta superfamily of secreted signalling proteins and plays a pivotal role in skeletal development during embryogenesis. The gene for human GDF-5 was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Crystals were obtained that diffrac... |
16508080 | Mistletoe lectin I in complex with galactose and lactose reveals distinct sugar-binding properties. | The structures of mistletoe lectin I (ML-I) from Viscum album complexed with lactose and galactose have been determined at 2.3 A resolution and refined to R factors of 20.9% (Rfree = 23.6%) and 20.9 (Rfree = 24.6%), respectively. ML-I is a heterodimer and belongs to the class of ribosome-inactivating proteins of type I... |
15763617 | In vitro controlled release of vinpocetine-cyclodextrin-tartaric acid multicomponent complexes from HPMC swellable tablets. | The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of multicomponent complexation (MCC) of vinpocetine (VP), a poorly soluble base-type drug, with beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD), sulfobutylether beta-cyclodextrin (SBEbetaCD), tartaric acid (TA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), on ... |
15618543 | Molecular mechanisms underlying the proangiogenic effect of factor XIII. | <h4>Objective</h4>Coagulation Factor XIII (FXIII) was previously shown by us to induce angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular events underlying the proangiogenic effects of activated FXIII (FXIIIa) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).<h4>Methods and results</h4>As shown by coi... |
15722139 | Binding specificity of alpha-bilirubin-imprinted poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate) toward alpha-bilirubin. | alpha-Bilirubin is an important index to determine the liver's functions. Poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate) (poly(MAA-co-EGDMA)) imprinted with alpha-bilirubin was proposed and shown to be able to bind alpha-bilirubin specifically. The extraction condition was also discussed. Polymers prepared ... |
15685346 | Chemiluminescence in molecular recognition: base-induced decomposition of optically active dioxetanes bearing a bisnaphthol moiety with a complex of optically active crown ether-potassium tert-butoxide. | Four optically pure isomers of dioxetane (1) were decomposed by the action of the complex of an optically active crown ether with potassium tert-butoxide to afford light with lambda(max)CL and gave four different spectrum shapes. |
15616582 | Mechanistically distinct roles for Sgs1p in checkpoint activation and replication fork maintenance. | The RecQ helicase Sgs1p forms a complex with the type 1 DNA topoisomerase Top3p that resolves double Holliday junctions resulting from Rad51-mediated exchange. We find, however, that Sgs1p functions independently of both Top3p and Rad51p to stimulate the checkpoint kinase Rad53p when replication forks stall due to dNTP... |
15616574 | Structural insights into the EB1-APC interaction. | EB1 proteins bind to microtubule ends where they act in concert with other components, including the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor, to regulate the microtubule filament system. We find that EB1 is a stable dimer with a parallel coiled coil and show that dimerization is essential for the formation of... |
15665979 | Determination of the enantiomeric composition of phenylalanine samples by chemometric analysis of the fluorescence spectra of cyclodextrin guest-host complexes. | A novel strategy for determining the enantiomeric composition of phenylalanine samples that combines ordinary fluorescence spectroscopy, guest-host cyclodextrin chemistry, and multivariate regression modeling is investigated. Partial-least-squares regression (PLS-1) models were developed from fluorescence spectral data... |
15616832 | Magnetic resonance imaging visualization of targeted cells by the internalization of supramolecular adducts formed between avidin and biotinylated Gd3+ chelates. | The high binding affinity between avidin and biotin has been exploited to develop a procedure for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visualization of target cells. SHIN3 and PANC1 tumor cell lines have been used as target cells because they possess on their membranes galactosyl receptors able to bind avidin molecules. Av... |
15698030 | Molecular recognition in a lattice model: an enumeration study. | We investigate the mechanisms underlying selective molecular recognition of single heteropolymers at chemically structured planar surfaces. To this end, we study systems with two-letter (HP) lattice heteropolymers by exact enumeration techniques. Selectivity for a particular surface is defined by an adsorption energy c... |
15616195 | Novel role for Na,K-ATPase in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and suppression of cell motility. | The Na,K-ATPase, consisting of alpha- and beta-subunits, regulates intracellular ion homeostasis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Na,K-ATPase also regulates epithelial cell tight junction structure and functions. Consistent with an important role in the regulation of epithelial cell structure, both Na,K-ATPase en... |
15663944 | Dynamics in the unfolded state of beta2-microglobulin studied by NMR. | Many proteins form amyloid-like fibrils in vitro under conditions that favour the population of partially folded conformations or denatured state ensembles. Characterising the structural and dynamic properties of these states is crucial towards understanding the mechanisms of self-assembly in amyloidosis. The aggregati... |
15613497 | Increased cholesterol decreases uterine activity: functional effects of cholesterol alteration in pregnant rat myometrium. | Uterine quiescence is essential for successful pregnancy. Cholesterol and triglycerides are markedly increased in pregnancy. Cholesterol is enriched in microdomains of the plasma membrane known as rafts and caveolae. Both lipid rafts and caveolae have been implicated in cellular signaling cascades. The purpose of this ... |
15613636 | Polymorphism of pyridinium amphiphiles for gene delivery: influence of ionic strength, helper lipid content, and plasmid DNA complexation. | Two double-tailed pyridinium cationic amphiphiles, differing only in the degree of unsaturation of the alkyl chains, have been selected for a detailed study of their aggregation behavior, under conditions employed for transfection experiments. The transfection efficiencies of the two molecules are remarkably different,... |
15613628 | Concentration effects of volatile anesthetics on the properties of model membranes: a coarse-grain approach. | To gain insights into the molecular level mechanism of drug action at the membrane site, we have carried out extensive molecular dynamics simulations of a model membrane in the presence of a volatile anesthetic using a coarse-grain model. Six different anesthetic (halothane)/lipid (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine) ratio... |
15698028 | Semiflexible chain networks formed via self-assembly of beta-hairpin molecules. | We report experimental results from a de novo designed oligopeptide that intermolecularly self-assembles into rigid hydrogel networks after an intramolecular folding event. Microscopy and neutron scattering reveal a fibril local structure that is approximately 3 nm in diameter and over several hundred nanometers in len... |
15685316 | Encapsulation of oligoethylene glycols and perfluoro-n-alkanes in a cylindrical host molecule. | Oligoethylene glycols and perfluoro-n-alkanes are suitable guests for the synthetic cylindrical host molecule 1(2); an investigation of these host-guest systems is reported. |
15678178 | Hydrogen bond directed self-assembly of core-substituted naphthalene bisimides with melamines in solution and at the graphite interface. | A series of red and blue highly fluorescent core-substituted naphthalene bisimide dyes has been synthesized and they have been investigated as supramolecular building blocks. NMR and UV-Vis titration experiments of these dyes with complementary melamines revealed the formation of triple hydrogen bonds (DAD-ADA arrays) ... |
15613244 | MAB21L2, a vertebrate member of the Male-abnormal 21 family, modulates BMP signaling and interacts with SMAD1. | <h4>Background</h4>Through in vivo loss-of-function studies, vertebrate members of the Male abnormal 21 (mab-21) gene family have been implicated in gastrulation, neural tube formation and eye morphogenesis. Despite mounting evidence of their considerable importance in development, the biochemical properties and nature... |
15700074 | NiII1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane electrocatalytic films prepared on top of surface anchored PAMAM dendrimer layers. A new type of electrocatalytic material for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol. | Gold electrodes, previously prepared with surface anchored PAMAM dendrimers, were further modified with a Ni-containing tetraazamacrocycle resulting in a novel electrocatalytic material which proved to be particularly efficient for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol in basic aqueous medium. |
15608647 | Tectonic arrangement of BaCO3 nanocrystals into helices induced by a racemic block copolymer. | Morphosynthesis strategies inspired by biomineralization processes gives access to a wide range of fascinating and useful crystalline mesostructures. Biomimetic synthesis of inorganic materials with complex shapes can now be used to control the nucleation, tensorial growth, and alignment of inorganic crystals in a way ... |
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