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16287859 | Altered integration of matrilin-3 into cartilage extracellular matrix in the absence of collagen IX. | The matrilins are a family of four noncollagenous oligomeric extracellular matrix proteins with a modular structure. Matrilins can act as adapters which bridge different macromolecular networks. We therefore investigated the effect of collagen IX deficiency on matrilin-3 integration into cartilage tissues. Mice harbori... |
16282482 | Induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific T cells by a bluetongue virus tubule-vectored vaccine prime-recombinant modified virus Ankara boost regimen. | In the absence of strategies for reliable induction of antibodies broadly neutralizing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), vaccine efforts have shifted toward the induction of cell-mediated immunity. Here we describe the construction and immunogenicity of novel T-cell vaccine NS1.HIVA, which delivers the HIV-1... |
16282473 | A mutation in the first ligand-binding repeat of the human very-low-density lipoprotein receptor results in high-affinity binding of the single V1 module to human rhinovirus 2. | Minor group human rhinoviruses (HRVs) bind members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family for cell entry. The ligand-binding domains of these membrane proteins are composed of various numbers of direct repeats of about 40 amino acids in length. Residues involved in binding of module 3 (V3) of the very-low-densi... |
16278922 | Determination of vitamin C and preservatives in beverages by conventional capillary electrophoresis and microchip electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. | The separation and detection of commonly used preservatives (benzoate, sorbate) and vitamin C by both conventional CE and microchip electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection is presented. The separation was optimized by adjusting the pH-value of the buffer and the use of hydroxypropyl... |
16278920 | Chiral separations on multichannel microfluidic chips. | Chiral separations of FITC-labeled basic drugs on multichannel microfluidic chips with LIF detector were investigated. A preliminary screening procedure for seven neutral CDs was performed under optimized conditions for chiral separations of three FITC-labeled drugs (baclofen, norfenefrine, and tocainide) on a mono-cha... |
16271975 | The pathogen causing Dutch elm disease makes host trees attract insect vectors. | Dutch elm disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Ophiostoma novo-ulmi which is transmitted by the native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes. We have found that four semiochemicals (the monoterpene (-)-beta-pinene and the sesquiterpenes (-)-alpha-cubebene, (+)-spiroaxa-5,7-diene and (+)-delta-cadinene) from disease... |
16240319 | Liquid-crystalline supramolecular polymers formed through complementary nucleobase-pair interactions. | We report how the placement of nucleobase units, thymine, or N6-(4-methoxybenzoyl)adenine, onto the ends of a mesogenic core, bis-4-alkoxy-substituted bis(phenylethynyl)benzene, affects the properties of these materials. We show that addition of these bulky polar groups significantly reduces the range of liquid-crystal... |
16231293 | Non-covalent polyvalent ligands by self-assembly of small glycodendrimers: a novel concept for the inhibition of polyvalent carbohydrate-protein interactions in vitro and in vivo. | Polyvalent carbohydrate-protein interactions occur frequently in biology, particularly in recognition events on cellular membranes. Collectively, they can be much stronger than corresponding monovalent interactions, rendering it difficult to control them with individual small molecules. Artificial macromolecules have b... |
16231085 | Arginine-rich cell penetrating peptides: from endosomal uptake to nuclear delivery. | Delivery of macromolecules into living cells by arginine-rich cell penetrating peptides (AR-CPPs) is an important new avenue for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. However, to date the mechanism of this delivery remains elusive. Recent data implicate endocytosis in the internalization of AR-CPPs and their... |
16228856 | The final stage of cholinergic differentiation occurs below inner hair cells during development of the rodent cochlea. | To gain further insights into the cholinergic differentiation of presynaptic efferent terminals in the inner ear, we investigated the expression of the high-affinity choline transporter (ChT1) in comparison to other presynaptic and cholinergic markers. In the adult mammalian cochlea, cholinergic axons from medial olivo... |
16224806 | Host-guest interactions in the supramolecular incorporation of fullerenes into tailored holes on porphyrin-modified gold nanoparticles in molecular photovoltaics. | Novel gold nanoparticles modified with a mixed self-assembled monolayer of porphyrin alkanethiol and short-chain alkanethiol were prepared (first step) to examine the size and shape effects of surface holes (host) on porphyrin-modified gold nanoparticles. The porphyrin-modified gold nanoparticles with a size of about 1... |
16211539 | Integrated Modeling Program, Applied Chemical Theory (IMPACT). | We provide an overview of the IMPACT molecular mechanics program with an emphasis on recent developments and a description of its current functionality. With respect to core molecular mechanics technologies we include a status report for the fixed charge and polarizable force fields that can be used with the program an... |
16205720 | The crucial role of metal ions in neurodegeneration: the basis for a promising therapeutic strategy. | The variety of factors and events involved in neurodegeneration renders the subject a major challenge. Neurodegenerative disorders include a number of different pathological conditions, which share similar critical metabolic processes, such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress, both of which are associated with ... |
16196074 | Tunable N-substitution in zwitterionic benzoquinonemonoimine derivatives: metal coordination, tandemlike synthesis of zwitterionic metal complexes, and supramolecular structures. | Full details on a very efficient transamination reaction for the synthesis of zwitterionic N,N-dialkyl-2-amino-5-alcoholate-1,4-benzoquinonemonoiminium derivatives [C6H2(=NHR)2(=O)2] 5-16 are reported. The molecular structures of zwitterions 5 (R=CH3) in 5.H2O, 13 (R=CH2CH2OMe), 15 (R=CH2CH2NMe2), and of the parent, un... |
16196071 | Three distinct read-out modes for enzyme activity can operate in a semi-wet supramolecular hydrogel. | Assays of hydrolytic enzyme activity, such as of glycosidases and phosphatase, as well as several proteases, using a semi-wet supramolecular hydrogel array composed of a glycosylated amino acetate are described. It has been demonstrated that the microcavity formed by gel fibrils is suitable to immobilize native enzymes... |
16196002 | Peptide dendrimers. | Dendrimers are branched structures and represent a fast growing field covering many areas of chemistry. Various types of dendrimers differing in composition and structure are mentioned, together with their practical use spanning from catalysis, transport vehicles to synthetic vaccines. The main stress is given to pepti... |
16193483 | Unwinding the helical linker of calcium-loaded calmodulin: a molecular dynamics study. | The fold of calmodulin (CaM) consists of two globular domains connected by a helical segment (the linker), whose conformational properties play a crucial role for the protein's molecular recognition processes. Here we investigate the structural properties of the linker by performing a 11.5 ns molecular dynamics (MD) si... |
16187379 | Self-assembly of dialkyltin moieties and mercaptobenzoic acid into macrocyclic complexes with hydrophobic "pseudo-cage" or double-cavity structures: supramolecular infrastructures involving intermolecular C-H...S weak hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interactions. | Four novel organotin complexes of two types--[R2Sn(o-SC6H4CO2)]6 (R = Me, 1 x H2O; nBu, 2) and {[R2Sn(m-CO2C6H4S)R2Sn(m-SC6H4CO2)SnR2]O}2 (R = Me, 3; nBu, 4)--have been prepared by treatment of o- or m-mercaptobenzoic acid and the corresponding R2SnCl2 (R = Me, nBu) with sodium ethoxide in ethanol (95%). All the comple... |
16187371 | Synthesis, liquid-crystalline properties, and supramolecular nanostructures of dendronized poly(isocyanide)s and their precursors. | A series of novel dendronized pi-conjugated poly(isocyanide)s were synthesized successfully by using a Pd-Pt mu-ethynediyl dinuclear complex ([ClPt{P(C2H5)3}2C[triple bond]CPt{P(C2H5)3}2Cl]) as the initiator. The polymerizations of the dendronized monomers follow first-order kinetics, indicating that living polymerizat... |
16184187 | Subtype-specific actions of beta-amyloid peptides on recombinant human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7, alpha4beta2, alpha3beta4) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. | Two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology has been used to study the actions of two amyloid peptides (Abeta(1-42), Abeta(1-40)) on alpha7, alpha4beta2 and alpha3beta4 recombinant human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nicotinic AChRs), heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The application o... |
16136616 | Oligonuclear 3d-4f complexes as tectons in designing supramolecular solid-state architectures: impact of the nature of linkers on the structural diversity. | Heteronuclear cationic complexes, [LCuLn]3+ and [(LCu)2Ln]3+, were employed as nodes in designing high-nuclearity complexes and coordination polymers with a rich variety of network topologies (L is the dianion of the Schiff base resulting from the 2:1 condensation of 3-methoxysalycilaldehyde with 1,3-propanediamine). T... |
16127662 | Interaction of heme proteins with poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers in layer-by-layer assembly films under different pH conditions. | With the isoelectric point at pH 7.4, hemoglobin (Hb) has net positive surface charges at pH 5.0 and overall negative charges at pH 9.0, and is essentially neutral at pH 7.0. The fifth-generation poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimer is usually positively charged in aqueous solution. The {PPI/Hb}n films under different ... |
16108047 | Crosslinking of collagen with dendrimers. | Polypropyleneimine octaamine dendrimers were studied as an alternative means of generating highly crosslinked collagen. Crosslinking was effected by using the water-soluble carbodiimide 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). The multifunctional dendrimers were introduced as novel crosslink... |
16092919 | Tetravalent single-chain avidin: from subunits to protein domains via circularly permuted avidins. | scAvd (single-chain avidin, where two dcAvd are joined in a single polypeptide chain), having four biotin-binding domains, was constructed by fusion of topologically modified avidin units. scAvd showed similar biotin binding and thermal stability properties as chicken avidin. The DNA construct encoding scAvd contains f... |
16023193 | Helical rosette nanotubes: a biomimetic coating for orthopedics? | Helical rosette nanotubes (HRN) are obtained through an entropically driven self-assembly process of low-molecular-weight synthetic modules under physiological conditions. Counter-intuitively, these materials undergo extensive self-assembly under the effect of temperature, resulting in networks of very long nanotubes. ... |
15993485 | Sol-gel synthesis of a multifunctional, hierarchically porous silica/apatite composite. | In this study, a degradable, hierarchically porous silica/apatite composite material is developed from a simple low-temperature synthesis. Mesoporosity is induced in the silica portion by the use of supramolecular templating. The template is further removed by calcination. Firstly, hydroxyapatite is synthesized through... |
15962012 | Adeno-associated virus vectors: potential applications for cancer gene therapy. | Augmenting cancer treatment by protein and gene delivery continues to gain momentum based on success in animal models. The primary hurdle of fully exploiting the arsenal of molecular targets and therapeutic transgenes continues to be efficient delivery. Vectors based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) are of particular in... |
15942927 | Investigation of penetratin peptides. Part 2. In vitro uptake of penetratin and two of its derivatives. | As endocytic uptake of the Antennapedia homeodomain-derived penetratin peptide (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK) is finally being revealed, some of the early views about penetratin need to be reconsidered. Endocytic uptake seems to contradict the indispensability of tryptophans and also the minimum length of 16 amino acid residues fo... |
15919108 | Effect of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment of pig spermatozoa on in vitro fertilization and embryo development in the absence or presence of caffeine. | A series of experiments were carried out to develop a new method to reduce pig polyspermic fertilization and produce more normal embryos, in vitro. Experiment 1 determined the effect of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD) treatment during cryopreservation on sperm acrosome reaction and sperm fertilization. Compared to the n... |
15904947 | Removal and pre-concentration of phenolic species onto beta-cyclodextrin modified poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate-ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate) microbeads. | Poly(Hydroxyethylmethacrylate-Ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate), poly(HEMA-EGDMA), microbeads with 150-200 microm in size, was prepared by suspension polymerization. Beta-cyclodextrin was modified onto the polymeric microbeads using glutaraldahyde activation in an acidic medium at pH=2.5. FT-IR and TGA were used for the ch... |
15897004 | Spectroscopy, NMR and DFT studies on molecular recognition of crown ether bridged chiral heterotrinuclear salen Zn(II) complex. | A barium-containing crown ether bridged chiral heterotrinuclear salen Zn(II) complex BaZn2L(ClO4)2, where L is a folded dinuclear chiral (R,R)-salen ligand, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, UV-vis, IR, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and mass spectra. As a folded dinuclear chiral h... |
16358000 | Activity of synthetic ion channels is influenced by cation-pi interactions with phospholipid headgroups. | A suite of synthetic hydraphile ion channels has been used to probe the possibility of cation-pi interactions between the channel and the phospholipid bilayer. The hydraphiles selected for this study contained either no sidearm, aliphatic sidearms or aromatic sidearms that varied in electron-richness. An ion selective ... |
16330863 | Bis(nateglinide) hydronium chloride, and its unique self-assembly into extended polymeric arrays via O-H...O, N-H...Cl and O-H...Cl hydrogen bonds. | The title compound, bis[(-)-N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine] hydronium chloride, 2C19H27NO3.H3O+.Cl-, at 110 K contains four conformationally dissimilar moieties in the asymmetric unit, which are seemingly necessary in order to optimize the supramolecular association. The organic molecule forms... |
16319223 | Identification by mass spectrometry and functional characterization of two phosphorylation sites of KCNQ2/KCNQ3 channels. | Neuronal potassium channel subunits of the KCNQ (Kv7) family underlie M-current (I(M)), and may also underlie the slow potassium current at the node of Ranvier, I(Ks). I(M) and I(Ks) are outwardly rectifying currents that regulate excitability of neurons and myelinated axons, respectively. Studies of native I(M) and he... |
16482294 | Adsorption kinetics of L-glutathione on gold and structural changes during self-assembly: an in situ ATR-IR and QCM study. | The adsorption of L-glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly) from ethanol on gold surfaces was studied in situ by both attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The molecule is firmly anchored to the gold surface through the thiol group. Different IR signals of ads... |
16317046 | Histone acetylation increases chromatin accessibility. | In eukaryotes, the interaction of DNA with proteins and supramolecular complexes involved in gene expression is controlled by the dynamic organization of chromatin inasmuch as it defines the DNA accessibility. Here, the nuclear distribution of microinjected fluorescein-labeled dextrans of 42 kDa to 2.5 MDa molecular ma... |
16315013 | A microfluidic SELEX prototype. | Aptamers are nucleic acid binding species capable of recognizing a wide variety of targets ranging from small organic molecules to supramolecular structures, including organisms. They are isolated from combinatorial libraries of synthetic nucleic acid by an iterative process referred to as SELEX (Systematic Evolution o... |
18970599 | Fluorous ionic liquids as solvents for the liquid-liquid extraction of metal ions by macrocyclic polyethers. | The predominant mode of strontium ion transfer from aqueous nitrate media into a series of 1-fluoroalkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)]imides containing dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) is shown to shift from cation exchange to strontium nitrato-crown ether complex partitioning as the length of th... |
16395444 | Cucurbit[n]uril binding of platinum anticancer complexes. | The encapsulation of cisplatin by cucurbit[7]uril (Q[7]) and multinuclear platinum complexes linked via a 4,4'-dipyrazolylmethane (dpzm) ligand by Q[7] and cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) has been studied by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The NMR studies suggest that some cisplatin binds in the cucurbituril cavity, w... |
16337961 | The MTIP-myosin A complex in blood stage malaria parasites. | Parasites of the Apicomplexa phylum use an actomyosin motor to drive invasion of host cells. The motor complex is located at the parasite's periphery between the plasma membrane and an inner membrane complex. A crucial component of this complex is myosin tail domain interacting protein (MTIP) identified in the murine m... |
16329994 | The N-terminal octapeptide acts as a dimerization inhibitor of SARS coronavirus 3C-like proteinase. | The 3C-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus has been proposed to be a key target for structural-based drug design against SARS. Accurate determination of the dimer dissociation constant and the role of the N-finger (residues 1-7) will provide more insights into the enzyme catalytic me... |
16318907 | Rapid separation and determination of resibufogenin and cinobufagin in toad venom and Liushen tablet by beta-cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | A rapid cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CD-MEKC) method was proposed for the determination of resibufogenin and cinobufagin in the Chinese herbal extracts from toad venom and its medicinal preparation (Liushen tablet). The two components have the close structural similarity and similar hyd... |
16318871 | Advances in fluorescence imaging with quantum dot bio-probes. | After much effort in surface chemistry development and optimization by several groups, fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals probes, also known as quantum dots or qdots, are now entering the realm of biological applications with much to offer to biologists. The road to success has been paved with hurdles but from thes... |
16318846 | Caveolae modulate excitation-contraction coupling and beta2-adrenergic signalling in adult rat ventricular myocytes. | <h4>Objective</h4>Caveolae, flask shaped invaginations of the cell membrane, influence signalling cascades in many cell types. We have tested the hypothesis that caveolae modulate excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and beta-adrenergic stimulation in the adult cardiac myocyte.<h4>Methods</h4>Shortening, [Ca(2+)](i) a... |
16314439 | Structural basis for CD1d presentation of a sulfatide derived from myelin and its implications for autoimmunity. | Sulfatide derived from the myelin stimulates a distinct population of CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells. Cis-tetracosenoyl sulfatide is one of the immunodominant species in myelin as identified by proliferation, cytokine secretion, and CD1d tetramer staining. The crystal structure of mouse CD1d in complex wi... |
16310885 | Supramolecular structures from dendrons and dendrimers. | This paper reviews aspects of the association of dendrons and dendrimers into a variety of supramolecular structures. There is such a wide range of primary dendron and dendrimer chemistries that it is still difficult to predict behaviour in aqueous media, and there are few studies in non-aqueous media. The aggregation ... |
16310284 | Dendrimers in gene delivery. | Dendrimers have unique molecular architectures and properties that make them attractive materials for the development of nanomedicines. Key properties such as defined architecture and a high ratio of multivalent surface moieties to molecular volume also make these nanoscaled materials highly interesting for the develop... |
16310283 | Dendrimer-drug interactions. | The interaction between drugs and dendrimers is reviewed with particular reference to the entrapment of drugs within the dendrimer architecture and the electrostatic and covalent complexation of drugs to the dendrimer surface. The application of dendrimer-drug complexation in the enhancement of drug solubility and bioa... |
16310202 | Using of S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate as additive to the background electrolyte in capillary electrophoresis. | We synthesised and used new type of quaternary ammonium salt [S-(-)-2-hydroxymethyl-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate] as effective additive to acidic background electrolytes. We used this quaternary ammonium salt as effective agent for capillary zone electrophoresis separation of model mixture of five tricyc... |
16314322 | Rotation of DNA around intact strand in human topoisomerase I implies distinct mechanisms for positive and negative supercoil relaxation. | Topoisomerases are enzymes of quintessence to the upkeep of superhelical DNA, and are vital for replication, transcription and recombination. An atomic-resolution model for human topoisomerase I in covalent complex with DNA is simulated using molecular dynamics with external potentials that mimic torque and bias the DN... |
16314313 | Synthesis of novel poly(dG)-poly(dG)-poly(dC) triplex structure by Klenow exo- fragment of DNA polymerase I. | The extension of the G-strand of long (700 bp) poly(dG)-poly(dC) by the Klenow exo(-) fragment of DNA polymerase I yields a complete triplex structure of the H-DNA type. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrates that the length of the G-strand is doubled during the polymerase synthesis. Fluorescence ... |
16314308 | Bis-aptazyme sensors for hepatitis C virus replicase and helicase without blank signal. | The fusion molecule (i.e. aptazyme) of aptamer and hammerhead ribozyme was developed as in situ sensor. Previously, the hammerhead ribozyme conjugated with aptamer through its stem II module showed a significant blank signal by self-cleavage. To reduce or remove its self-cleavage activity in the absence of target molec... |
16880921 | Inductive tissue engineering with protein and DNA-releasing scaffolds. | Cellular differentiation, organization, proliferation and apoptosis are determined by a combination of an intrinsic genetic program, matrix/substrate interactions, and extracellular cues received from the local microenvironment. These molecular cues come in the form of soluble (e.g. cytokines) and insoluble (e.g. ECM p... |
16511241 | Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the WW4 domain of the Nedd4-2 ubiquitin-protein ligase. | Ubiquitin-mediated protein modification via covalent attachment of ubiquitin has emerged as one of the most common regulatory processes in all eukaryotes. Nedd4-2, closely related to neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (Nedd4), is a multimodular ubiquitin-protein ligase comprised of four ... |
16308569 | A promiscuous liaison between IL-15 receptor and Axl receptor tyrosine kinase in cell death control. | Discrimination between cytokine receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathways is a central paradigm in signal transduction research. Here, we report a 'promiscuous liaison' between both receptors that enables interleukin (IL)-15 to transactivate the signaling pathway of a tyrosine kinase. IL-15 protect... |
16482295 | Selectivity of bis(calix[4]diquinone) ionophores towards metal ions in solvent dimethylsulfoxide: a molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics study. | Molecular modelling studies have been carried out on two bis(calix[4]diquinone) ionophores, each created from two (calix[4]diquinone)arenes bridged at their bottom rims via alkyl chains (CH(2))(n), 1: n = 3, 2; n = 4, in order to understand the reported selectivity of these ligands towards different sized metal ions su... |
16353100 | Stabilisation of a paramagnetic BH(4-)-bridged dinickel(II) complex by a macrodinucleating hexaaza-dithiophenolate ligand. | The first paramagnetic borohydrido-bridged dinuclear nickel(II) complex, [(L)Ni(II)2(mu(1,3)-BH4)]+, stabilised by a sterically demanding hexaaza-dithiophenolate macrocycle, has been obtained by the reaction of [(L)Ni(II)2(micro-ClO4)]+ with N(n)Bu4BH4. |
16310302 | The effect of a novel silane blend system on resin bond strength to silica-coated Ti substrate. | <h4>Objectives</h4>The adhesive performance of 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and a silane blend consisting of 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane, adhering an experimental dendrimer-based resin to a silica-coated titanium surface, conditioned by CoJet method, was evaluated in vit... |
16308322 | Molecular structure of a 9-MDa icosahedral pyruvate dehydrogenase subcomplex containing the E2 and E3 enzymes using cryoelectron microscopy. | The pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes are among the largest multifunctional catalytic machines in cells, catalyzing the production of acetyl CoA from pyruvate. We have previously reported the molecular architecture of an 11-MDa subcomplex comprising the 60-mer icosahedral dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase (E2)... |
16306428 | Elevated plasma membrane cholesterol content alters macrophage signaling and function. | <h4>Objective</h4>During atherogenesis, macrophages migrate into the subendothelial space where they ingest deposited lipoproteins, accumulate lipids, and transform into foam cells. It is unclear why these macrophages do not remove their lipid loads from the region. This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that m... |
16306263 | Rerouting lipoprotein nanoparticles to selected alternate receptors for the targeted delivery of cancer diagnostic and therapeutic agents. | We report that a lipoprotein-based nanoplatform generated by conjugating tumor-homing molecules to the protein components of naturally occurring lipoproteins reroutes them from their normal lipoprotein receptors to other selected cancer-associated receptors. Multiple copies of these targeting moieties may be attached t... |
16306155 | Origin of ICU acquired paresis determined by direct muscle stimulation. | <h4>Background</h4>Acquired diffuse paresis in an intensive care unit (ICU) can result from critical illness myopathy or polyneuropathy. Clinical examination and conventional neurophysiological techniques may not distinguish between these entities.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the value of direct muscle stimulation (DMS)... |
16306086 | Estrogen dendrimer conjugates that preferentially activate extranuclear, nongenomic versus genomic pathways of estrogen action. | Estrogenic hormones are classically thought to exert their effects by binding to nuclear estrogen receptors and altering target gene transcription, but estrogens can also have nongenomic effects through rapid activation of membrane-initiated kinase cascades. The development of ligands that selectively activate only the... |
16395428 | Photodynamic inactivation of Escherichia coli by novel meso-substituted porphyrins by 4-(3-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumpropoxy)phenyl and 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups. | The photodynamic effect of novel cationic porphyrins, with different pattern of meso-substitution by 4-(3-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumpropoxy)phenyl (A) and 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (B) groups, have been studied in both solution bearing photooxidizable substrates and in vitro on a typical Gram-negative bacterium Escherichi... |
16391739 | Supramolecular shuttle and protective agent: a multiple role of methylated cyclodextrins in the chemoselective hydrogenation of benzene derivatives with ruthenium nanoparticles. | Efficient chemoselectivities have been obtained in the hydrogenation of benzene derivatives under biphasic liquid-liquid conditions using Ru(0) nanoparticles stabilized and controlled by the relevant choice of cavity and methylation degree of cyclodextrins. |
16309827 | Enhanced TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol E by beta-cyclodextrin in suspended solutions. | Enhancement of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) on TiO(2) photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol E (BPE, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane) was investigated under a 250 W metal halide lamp (lambda> or =365 nm) in this work. In the system of photocatalytic degradation of BPE, the photodegradation rate of BPE in aqueous solutions c... |
16307884 | Macrocyclic inhibitors of the malarial aspartic proteases plasmepsin I, II, and IV. | The first macrocyclic inhibitor of the Plasmodium falciparum aspartic proteases plasmepsin I, II, and IV with considerable selectivity over the human aspartic protease cathepsin D has been identified. A series of macrocyclic compounds were designed and synthesized. Cyclizations were accomplished using ring-closing meta... |
16482247 | Chlorofluoroiodomethane as a potential candidate for parity violation measurements. | CHFClI is among the more favorable molecules for parity violation (PV) measurements in molecules. Despite the fact that calculated PV effects are two orders of magnitude smaller than in some organometallic compounds, CHFClI displays interesting features which could make possible a new experimental PV test on this molec... |
16391747 | Synthesis, characterization, and electrical, electrochemical and gas sensing properties of a novel ball-type four t-butylcalix[4]arene bridged binuclear zinc(II) phthalocyanine. | 1,3 dimethoxy-4-t-butylcalix[4]arene has been used to synthesize a novel ball-type dimeric zinc(II) phthalocyanine, [Zn2Pc2(tbca)4] that exhibits mixed-valence behaviour and non-Arrhenius type dependence of conductivity. |
16328138 | Sequence motifs and prokaryotic expression of the reptilian paramyxovirus fusion protein. | Fourteen reptilian paramyxovirus isolates were chosen to represent the known extent of genetic diversity among this novel group of viruses. Selected regions of the fusion (F) gene were sequenced, analyzed and compared. The F gene of all isolates contained conserved motifs homologous to those described for other members... |
16325268 | Essentials of biorecognition: the (strept)avidin-biotin system as a model for protein-protein and protein-ligand interaction. | Molecular recognition or biorecognition is as the heart of all biological interactions. These interactions are characterized by a collection of noncovalent bonds, namely ionic, hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions. In addition, shape complementarity appears to play a pivotal role in the process of biorecogniti... |
16305813 | Dendrimers in biomedical applications--reflections on the field. | The formation of particulate systems with well-defined sizes and shapes is of eminent interest in certain medical applications such as drug delivery, gene transfection, and imaging. The high level of control possible over the architectural design of dendrimers; their size, shape, branching length/density, and their sur... |
16303333 | Simultaneous aberrations in Mphi and T cell function adversely affect trauma patients' clinical outcome: a possible faulty IL-13 feedback loop. | Possible defective trauma patients' Mphi-T-cell feedback interactions between T cell IL-13 production and IL-1beta and IL-18 Mphi secretion were assessed. Mphi produced IL-1 and IL-18 augment T cell IL-13, which in turn limits excessive macrophage activation. Immunodepressed patients' T cells (depressed proliferation t... |
16303275 | Method development for the enantiomeric purity determination of low concentrations of adrenaline in local anaesthetic solutions by capillary electrophoresis. | L-adrenaline is often included in local anaesthetic (LA) solutions for injection to improve the quality of the anaesthetic block. The concentration of the LA is between 2.5 and 20 mg/ml and the concentration of adrenaline is typically < or = 0.1% of the LA concentration. In order to follow the racemization into d-adren... |
16303211 | Structure-activity studies of new melanocortin peptides containing an aromatic amino acid at the N-terminal position. | Cyclic melanotropin peptides, designed with an aromatic amino acid substitution at the N-terminal position of the MT-II-type scaffold, were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis and evaluated for their ability to bind to and activate human melanocortin-1, -3, -4, and -5 receptors. The structure-activity studies of ... |
16303201 | Translational control by viral proteinases. | Most RNA viruses have evolved strategies to regulate cellular translation in order to promote preferential expression of the viral genome. Positive strand RNA viruses express large portions, or all of their proteome via translation of large polyproteins that are processed by embedded viral proteinases or host proteinas... |
16301604 | Effective inhibition of human cytomegalovirus gene expression and growth by intracellular expression of external guide sequence RNA. | RNase P complexed with external guide sequence (EGS) represents a novel nucleic-acid-based gene interference approach to modulate gene expression. In this study, a functional EGS RNA was constructed to target the overlapping mRNA region of two human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) capsid proteins, the capsid scaffolding protein... |
16301540 | Structure of a nonheme globin in environmental stress signaling. | RsbR is a regulator of sigma(B), the RNA polymerase sigma factor subunit responsible for transcribing the general stress response genes when environmental stress is imposed on Bacillus subtilis. The C-terminal domain of RsbR and its paralogues is a substrate for the kinase function of another sigma(B) regulator, RsbT, ... |
16301539 | Fcp1 directly recognizes the C-terminal domain (CTD) and interacts with a site on RNA polymerase II distinct from the CTD. | Fcp1 is an essential protein phosphatase that hydrolyzes phosphoserines within the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Fcp1 plays a major role in the regulation of CTD phosphorylation and, hence, critically influences the function of Pol II throughout the transcription cycle. T... |
16301535 | Light-switching excimer probes for rapid protein monitoring in complex biological fluids. | Quantitative protein bioanalysis in complex biological fluids presents considerable challenges in biological studies and disease diagnosis. The major obstacles are the background signals from both the probe and the biological fluids where the proteins reside. We have molecularly engineered light-switching excimer aptam... |
16301531 | Crosstalk in G protein-coupled receptors: changes at the transmembrane homodimer interface determine activation. | Functional crosstalk between G protein-coupled receptors in a homo- or heterodimeric assembly likely involves conformational changes at the dimer interface, but the nature of this interface is not yet established, and the dynamic changes have not yet been identified. We have mapped the homodimer interface in the dopami... |
16301216 | Scaffold protein harmonin (USH1C) provides molecular links between Usher syndrome type 1 and type 2. | Usher syndrome (USH) is the most frequent cause of combined deaf-blindness in man. USH is clinically and genetically heterogeneous with at least 11 chromosomal loci assigned to the three USH types (USH1A-G, USH2A-C, USH3A). Although the different USH types exhibit almost the same phenotype in human, the identified USH ... |
16300952 | Self-aggregation of synthetic zinc chlorophyll derivative possessing a perfluoroalkyl group in a fluorinated solvent. | Zinc 3(1)-hydroxy-13(1)-oxo-chlorin possessing a perfluoroheptyl group on the 17-propionate was prepared by modifying chlorophyll a. The synthetic compound self-aggregated in 0.1% (v/v) THF and HCFC225cb (CClF2CF2CHClF) to give similar large oligomers to natural light-harvesting antennae of green photosynthetic bacteri... |
16299510 | Light-induced gene transfer from packaged DNA enveloped in a dendrimeric photosensitizer. | The control of gene transfection in the body is a core issue in gene therapy. Photochemical internalization is a technology that allows light-induced delivery of DNA, drugs or other biological factors directly inside cells. Usually it requires that a photosensitizer be added to the drug-delivery system to photochemical... |
16330856 | 1,2,3-Trimethoxy-5,11-dihydroindolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline-5,11-dione. | The title compound, C15H19NO5, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with four molecules in the asymmetric unit, which differ from each other in the orientation of their methoxy groups. Of the three methoxy groups in each molecule, one lies close to the plane of the molecule and the other two have an out-o... |
16330854 | The methanol disolvate and the dihydrate of fexofenadine, an antihistamine drug. | Fexofenadine [systematic name: (+/-)-(4-[1-hydroxy-4-[4-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)piperidinium-1-yl]-butyl]phenyl)-2-methylpropionate], crystallizes in two forms, viz. as the methanol disolvate, C32H39NO4.2CH4O, and as the dihydrate, C32H39NO4.2H2O. It exists in the two structures as a zwitterion, which self-assembles as ... |
16330839 | Hydrogen bonding and pi-pi stacking in hexaaquairon(II) bis(4',7-dimethoxyisoflavone-3'-sulfonate) octahydrate. | In the structure of the title compound, [Fe(H2O)6](C17H13O7S)2.8H2O, 16 hydrogen bonds exist between the centrosymmetric [Fe(H2O)6]2+ cation, the isoflavone-3'-sulfonate anions and the coordinated and solvent water molecules. pi-pi stacking interactions between the isoflavone units, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic i... |
16328698 | Use of a spectrofluorimetric method to monitor changes of human serum albumin thermal stability in the presence of polyamidoamine dendrimers. | Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers' impact on human serum albumin thermal stability was investigated. Thermal denaturation profiles were determined from changes in the intrinsic fluorescence intensity. In the presence of dendrimers the shift of a denaturation temperature toward higher values was observed. It indicates a... |
16372092 | Porphyrin-carborane organometallic assemblies based on 1, 2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane (12) ligands. | The assembly of soluble, air-stable, supramolecular structures {(Zn-TPyP)[Cp*Ir{S2C2(B10H10)}]4(THF)2}(2), {(Cu-TPyP)[Cp*Ir{S2C2(B10H10)}]4(THF)2}(3) and {(Zn-TPyP)[Cp*Ir{S2C2(B10H10)}]2.6(CHCl3)}n (4), based on metal-containing moieties [Cp*Ir{S2C2(B10H10)}] (1) bridged by nitrogen-based organic spacers, are described... |
16330228 | Architecture of the native photosynthetic apparatus of Phaeospirillum molischianum. | The ubiquity and importance of photosynthetic organisms in nature has made the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis a widely studied subject at both structural and functional levels. A current challenge is to understand the supramolecular assembly of the proteins involved in photosynthesis in native membranes. We hav... |
16298408 | Identification and specificity of pilus adsorption proteins of filamentous bacteriophages infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | Filamentous bacteriophages Pf1 and Pf3 infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains K and O, respectively. We show here that the capsids of these bacteriophages each contain a few copies of a minor coat protein (designated g3p) of high molecular mass, which serves as a pilus adsorption protein, much like the protein g3p of th... |
16365667 | Pharmaceutical quality control of acid and neutral drugs based on competitive self-assembly in amphiphilic systems. | An aggregation parameter-based methodology for determining acid and neutral drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms is presented. The method is based on competitive self-assembly in ternary dye-surfactant-drug aqueous mixtures. Dyes bearing charge of opposite sign to that of surfactants bind to surfactant to form mixed dy... |
16372090 | Modular assembly of a preorganised, ditopic receptor for dicarboxylates. | Two types of calix[4]arene derived hosts for anions with, respectively, 1,3-alternate and cone conformations have been prepared; the 1,3-alternate system binds dicarboxylate anions in a ditopic manner while the cone compounds are deprotonated by carboxylates. |
16310169 | Influence of heparin and dendrimers on the aggregation of two amyloid peptides related to Alzheimer's and prion diseases. | Amyloid plaques composed of proteinaceous aggregates are commonly found in brains affected by Alzheimer's disease and spongiform encephalopaties. A structural homology has been recently described for the Alzheimer's peptide Abeta1-28 and the segment of the prion protein Prp185-208. In the present paper, further element... |
16298150 | Dromedary glycosaminoglycans: molecular characterization of camel lung and liver heparan sulfate. | Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are the portion of a proteoglycan that determine its final shape and function. The molecular structure of predominant GAG species in camel liver and lung is reported for the first time. The one-humped camel survives in an extreme, arid habitat and, thus, offers a good model to study the role o... |
16293604 | Patterns of expression, membrane localization, and effects of ectopic expression suggest a function for MS4a4B, a CD20 homolog in Th1 T cells. | The membrane-spanning 4A (MS4A) family of proteins includes CD20, Fc epsilonRIbeta, and HTm4, whose genes are grouped in a chromosomal location that is associated with increased susceptibility to allergy and atopic asthma. One family member, Chandra/MS4a4B, was reported to be expressed in T helper 1 (Th1) T cells but n... |
16482357 | Novel charge transfer supramolecular assemblies with Keggin anions and 2-amino-5-nitropyridine. | Several novel compounds with the non-linear optical chromophore 2-amino-5-nitropyridine (2A5NP) and Keggin polyoxoanions (alpha-isomers), having the general formula (2A5NP)(m)H(n)[XM12O40].xH2O, M = Mo, W, were synthesised. Compounds were obtained with X = P, n = 3, m = 3 and 4 and X = Si, n = m = 4 (x = 2-6). Thus, fo... |
16333495 | Roots: from carbenes to allenes and coordination polymers. Ever present never twice the same. | The purpose of this Feature Article is to demonstrate that recognizing the similarities in different areas of chemistry allows the prediction of potential results in related fields. For instance, during our investigations of 2,2-diethoxyvinylidene-triphenylphosphorane we became interested in 2,2-diethoxydiazoethene. In... |
16384187 | Coarse-grained model of proteins incorporating atomistic detail of the active site. | We present a novel approach to explore the conformational space of globular proteins near their native state. It combines the advantages of coarse-grained models with those of all-atoms simulations, required to treat molecular recognition processes. The comparison between calculated structural properties with those obt... |
16384156 | Direct observation of hydrogen adsorption sites and nanocage formation in metal-organic frameworks. | The hydrogen adsorption sites in MOF5 were determined using neutron powder diffraction along with first-principles calculations. The metal-oxide cluster is primarily responsible for the adsorption while the organic linker plays only a secondary role. Equally important, at low temperatures and high-concentration, molecu... |
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