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3365411 | Relationships between apparent binding energies measured in site-directed mutagenesis experiments and energetics of binding and catalysis. | The use of binding energy in molecular recognition and enzyme catalysis is currently being probed by experiments on engineered proteins. The interaction energy of an individual side chain with a substrate may be quantified by comparing the binding and rate constants for wild-type enzyme with those for a mutant in which... |
3363096 | [Effect of choline on the DNA supramolecular complex in rats and their survival following gamma irradiation]. | The injection of choline-chloride (200 mg/kg) to rats 15 min before 6 Gy irradiation was shown to increase their survival rate over a period of 30 days, to prolong their average life, and to promote the complete restoration of elastoviscosity of DNA supramolecular complexes in thymus, spleen, liver and brain. When admi... |
2451512 | Mouse protoporphyrinogen oxidase. Kinetic parameters and demonstration of inhibition by bilirubin. | The penultimate step of haem biosynthesis, the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen to protoporphyrin, was examined with purified murine hepatic protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) in detergent solution. The kinetic parameters for the two-substrate (protoporphyrinogen and oxygen) reaction were determined. The limiting K... |
2450787 | Regional distant sequence homology between amylases, alpha-glucosidases and transglucanosylases. | Amylases possess short, conserved regions near functional side chains. Sequence comparison extends this relationship to comprise a maltase and a cyclodextrin glucanotransferase. Similarity also exists with intestinal sucrase-isomaltase and fungal glucoamylase near identified essential carboxyl groups. Homology between ... |
3350073 | Detection of extracellular matrix molecules synthesized in vitro by monkey and human retinal pigment epithelium: influence of donor age and multiple passages. | The retinal pigment epithelium of various species, including man, can synthesize extracellular matrix components in vitro. We studied extracellular matrix molecule production by human, rhesus and cynomolgus monkey pigment epithelium in vitro, using a panel of specific antibodies to collagen types I-V, fibronectin, lami... |
3348630 | [Inhibition of pulmonary metastases in mice by beta-cyclodextrin-benzaldehyde]. | The effect of beta-cyclodextrin-benzaldehyde (CDBA) on the pulmonary metastasis in C3H/He mice was examined. When mice were treated daily with CDBA, 3 weeks later the number of lung nodules developed after i.v. inoculation of 1 X 10(6) RCT (+) cells was significantly decreased. The mean numbers of the lung nodules were... |
3346718 | Development and survival of neurons in dissociated fetal mesencephalic serum-free cell cultures: II. Modulatory effects of gangliosides. | This paper analyzes the effects of exogenously supplied GM1 on the development, i.e., specific neurotransmitter uptake capability and survival, of the dopaminergic neurons present in fetal mouse-dissociated mesencephalic cells. Exogenous GM1, but not asialo-GM1, sialic acid, or the oligosaccharide chain of GM1, enhance... |
3346334 | Collagen type I and type V are present in the same fibril in the avian corneal stroma. | The distribution, supramolecular form, and arrangement of collagen types I and V in the chicken embryo corneal stroma were studied using electron microscopy, collagen type-specific monoclonal antibodies, and a preembedding immunogold method. Double-label immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold-tagged monoclonal a... |
3346333 | D-periodic distribution of collagen type IX along cartilage fibrils. | It has recently become apparent that collagen fibrils may be composed of more than one kind of macromolecule. To explore this possibility, we developed a procedure to purify fibril fragments from 17-d embryonic chicken sternal cartilage. The fibril population obtained shows, after negative staining, a uniformity in the... |
3279050 | Kinetics of desmosome assembly in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells: temporal and spatial regulation of desmoplakin organization and stabilization upon cell-cell contact. II. Morphological analysis. | Biochemical analysis of the kinetics of assembly of two cytoplasmic plaque proteins of the desmosome, desmoplakins I (250,000 Mr) and II (215,000 Mr), in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells, demonstrated that these proteins exist in a soluble and insoluble pool, as defined by their extract ability in a Tr... |
3279048 | Posttranslational oligomerization and cooperative acid activation of mixed influenza hemagglutinin trimers. | The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a well-characterized integral membrane glycoprotein composed of three identical subunits. We have analyzed the formation of mixed trimers in cells expressing two different HA gene products. The results show efficient and essentially random assembly of functional hybrid trimers ... |
2964038 | Antiphagocytic activity of streptococcal M protein: selective binding of complement control protein factor H. | Isolated complement components were used to study the regulation of the alternative complement pathway C3 convertase (EC 3.4.21.47), also called C3b,Bb, on M protein-carrying (M+) and M protein-lacking (M-) streptococci. Neither M- nor M+ streptococci directly affected the formation or dissociation of the surface-bound... |
3278315 | Functional role of cysteine-146 in Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase. | Analysis of mutant Escherichia coli thymidylate synthases (EC 2.1.1.45) with various amino acids substituted for cysteine at position 146 revealed the cysteine to be involved in the binding of 2'-deoxyuridylate as well as initiating the catalytic process. The substitution of a serine or alanine residue at position 146 ... |
3125547 | Phosphorylation of synthetic random polypeptides by protein kinase P and other protein-serine (threonine) kinases and stimulation or inhibition of kinase activities by microbial toxins. | A synthetic random polymer of threonine and glutamate (1:4.4) is readily phosphorylated by protein kinase P but not by five other protein-serine (threonine) kinases. A synthetic random polymer of serine and arginine (1:3) is readily phosphorylated by protein kinase A and protein kinase C but not by protein kinase P. Al... |
3277951 | Importance of the C terminus of plasmid Rts1 RepA protein for replication and incompatibility of the plasmid. | RepA protein, essential for replication of plasmid Rts1, was found to bind in vivo immediately upstream of the repA promoter in studies with mini-Rts1 derivatives with deletions in the upstream region of repA. We constructed another series of repA mutants that would encode RepA derivatives containing oligopeptide subst... |
3341911 | The microbiology of multiple organ failure. The proximal gastrointestinal tract as an occult reservoir of pathogens. | The microbiology of infection acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU) was studied prospectively in 205 consecutive patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit. A multiple organ failure (MOF) score was calculated for each admission. Susceptibility to ICU-acquired infection increased with increasing MOF scores.... |
2828675 | Identification and characterization of a varicella-zoster virus DNA-binding protein by using antisera directed against a predicted synthetic oligopeptide. | We have identified, in varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected cells, the product of the gene predicted to code for the VZV analog of the herpes simplex virus major DNA-binding protein. The open reading frame of the VZV gene has the potential to code for a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 132,000 (a 132K prot... |
2828673 | Expression of the M gene of vesicular stomatitis virus cloned in various vaccinia virus vectors. | Initial attempts to clone the matrix (M) gene of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in a vaccinia virus expression vector failed, apparently because the expressed M protein, and particularly a carboxy-terminus-distal two-thirds fragment, was lethal for the virus recombinant. Therefore, a transient eucaryotic expression s... |
3276900 | Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy for rectal cancer: results from NSABP protocol R-01. | Information is presented from 555 patients with Dukes B and C rectal cancers treated by curative resection who were entered into the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) protocol R-01 between November 1977 and October 1986. Their average time on study was 64.1 months. The patients were randomized... |
3338515 | Kinetics of inhibition of CFU-C homing in long-term marrow culture. | We have previously shown that galactosyl- and mannosyl-BSA inhibit the binding of hemopoietic progenitor cells to their supporting stroma (homing) in long-term marrow culture, suggesting that the homing is mediated by a molecular recognition with galactosyl and mannosyl specificities. In the present work we studied the... |
16593913 | Electron spin resonance of charge carriers in chlorophyll a/water micelles. | Chlorophyll a/water micelles (P740) prepared in hydrocarbon media have been shown by small-angle neutron scattering to consist of hollow cylinders whose surface is formed of a monolayer of chlorophyll crosslinked by water. The micelles can be reversibly oxidized or reduced to generate highly mobile holes or electrons t... |
16350244 | Mechanism of bactericidal action of aminoglycosides. | [This corrects the article on p. 341 in vol. 51.]. |
3078840 | Monosized, magnetic polymer particles: their use in separation of cells and subcellular components, and in the study of lymphocyte function in vitro. | By employing the principles of "activated swelling", monosized, superparamagnetic polymer particles have been prepared ranging in size from 1-100 microns. Both during and after the swelling process, the particles can be modified to meet a series of specific demands making them potentially very interesting for many sepa... |
3078839 | T4 phage deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate synthetase: purification of an enzyme complex and identification of gene products required for integrity. | We have isolated a highly enriched preparation of the multienzyme complex which synthesizes deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) from bacteriophage T4-infected bacteria. By a combination of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and assays for specific enzyme activities, we have been able to identify in our final ... |
3273651 | A design approach to the structural analysis of interleukin-2. | A semi-synthetic protein design approach has been employed for the structural investigation of a putative helical region at the C-terminus of Interleukin-2. With crystallographic or NMR derived conformational data as yet unavailable, we have relied only on primary sequence information and computer-assisted modelling to... |
2483922 | Cognitive features of continuous antigenic determinants. | We sought to identify the features controlling the specificity of antibody recognition and thus gain insights into molecular recognition between proteins in general. A total of 103 epitopes within 63 well-defined antigenic peptides homologous with the relevant antigen sequence were identified. The contribution of each ... |
3078838 | Truncation of the ectodomain of the human insulin receptor results in secretion of a soluble insulin binding protein from transfected CHO cells. | The insulin receptor is an integral transmembrane glycoprotein comprised of two alpha-(approximately 135 kDa) and two beta-(approximately 95 kDa) subunits, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain precursor (alpha beta). The primary sequence of the human insulin receptor (hIR) protein, deduced from the nucleo... |
2856223 | Studies on a possible molecular basis for the structure of mitochondrial cristae. | We have investigated a possible molecular basis for mitochondrial cristae formation. Proteoliposomes containing electron transport proteins, cytochrome oxidase, or complex III in their proper orientation bind to pig heart mitoplasts but not pig heart mitochondria. Using Leydig tumor cells, we have confirmed earlier rep... |
3078837 | Molecular recognition: model studies with convergent functional groups. | Model studies of molecular recognition are reviewed with emphasis on contributions from macrocyclic chemistry. Recent developments concerning new molecular shapes are discussed. The advantages of a molecular cleft are presented. In these structures functional groups converge to create a microenvironment complementary t... |
3377597 | [Study of conformation structure and molecular interactions of rosamycin by infrared spectrum analysis]. | IR spectra of rosamycin and its solutions in inert (CCl4 and C2Cl4), proton acceptor (tetrahydrofuran, hexametapol and diethylamine) and proton donor (CHCl3 and CH3OD) solvents were studied at various concentrations (0.1 to 0.001 mol/l) and temperatures (20 to 100 degrees C) in the region of the vC = O and vOH absorpti... |
2836206 | Status epilepticus induced by pentylenetetrazole modulates in vivo [11C]Ro 15-1788 binding to benzodiazepine receptors. Effects of ligands acting at the supramolecular receptor complex. | Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to investigate, in the living baboon, the in vivo modulation of [11C]Ro 15-1788 binding to benzodiazepine receptors in brain and the changes with ligands acting at the supramolecular complex during status epilepticus induced by pentylenetetrazole. The central type benzodiazep... |
3366117 | Dynamics of the microtubule oscillator: role of nucleotides and tubulin-MAP interactions. | Microtubules can be induced to perform synchronous and periodic cycles of assembly and disassembly at constant temperature. The process depends on GTP hydrolysis. Time-resolved X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation shows a cyclic interconversion of tubulin subunits, microtubules and oligomers (= short protofilam... |
2835080 | Evidence for targeted gene delivery to Hep G2 hepatoma cells in vitro. | We have developed a system for targeting foreign DNA to hepatocytes in vitro using a soluble DNA carrier that takes advantage of receptor-mediated endocytosis to achieve internalization. The idea is based on the fact that hepatocytes possess a unique receptor that binds and internalizes galactose-terminal (asialo)glyco... |
3360882 | Resolution of chiral barbiturates into enantiomers by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using methylated beta-cyclodextrins. | The correlation between the capacity factors of enantiomers of chiral barbiturates and the concentrations of beta-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin dissolved in the mobile phase was studied using LiChrosorb RP-18 as the stationary phase. Owing t... |
3129041 | Bacterial surface proteins. Some structural, functional and evolutionary aspects. | The structure of several eubacterial and archaebacterial surface (glyco)proteins as determined by three-dimensional electron microscopy is described. Particular emphasis is placed on surface proteins which interact with membranes. Some structure-function relationships deduced from the structural information, such as sh... |
3355517 | Studies on the biotin-binding site of avidin. Tryptophan residues involved in the active site. | Egg-white avidin was modified with the tryptophan-specific reagent 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide. The complete loss of biotin-binding activity was achieved upon modification of an average of one tryptophan residue per avidin subunit. The identity of the modified residues was determined by isolating the relevant trypt... |
3355514 | Design and properties of a fluorescent indicator of intracellular free Na+ concentration. | We have recently described a cryptand structure, FCryp-1, with appropriate properties for an indicator of intracellular free Na+ concentration using the 19F-n.m.r. chemical shift of the incorporated 5FBAPTA [1,2-bis-(2-amino-5-fluorophenoxy)ethane-NNN'N'-tetra-acetic acid] reporter group to measure the free cytosolic N... |
3355505 | Specific interaction of ivermectin with retinol-binding protein from filarial parasites. | Specific cellular binding proteins for retinol and retinoic acid from mammalian and avian species may mediate the action of retinoids in the control of epithelial differentiation, growth and tumorigenesis. Parasite retinol-binding protein (PRBP) and parasite retinoic acid-binding protein (PRABP) isolated and characteri... |
3281311 | Degradation of connective tissue components by lung derived leucocytes in vitro: role of proteases and oxidants. | Inflammatory leucocytes are implicated in connective tissue damage during chronic inflammatory lung disease. In an investigation of the role of leucocytes in connective tissue derangements in the lung, inflammatory leucocytes were generated in rat lungs by intratracheal instillation of inflammatory agents and retrieved... |
2451126 | Dictyostelium discoideum myosin: isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding the essential light chain. | We used an antibody specific for Dictyostelium discoideum myosin to screen a lambda gt11 cDNA expression library to obtain cDNA clones which encode the Dictyostelium essential myosin light chain (EMLC). The amino acid sequence predicted from the sequence of the cDNA clone showed 31.5% identity with the amino acid seque... |
3258025 | Copper-67-labeled monoclonal antibody Lym-1, a potential radiopharmaceutical for cancer therapy: labeling and biodistribution in RAJI tumored mice. | Copper-67 (67Cu) is one of the most promising radiometals for radioimmunotherapy because of its 61.5 hr physical half-life, abundant beta particles, and gamma emissions suitable for imaging. However, 67Cu is readily transferred from the usual chelates of EDTA or DTPA to albumen. We developed a new macrocycle (6-p-nitro... |
3344204 | Sensitive non-radioactive dot-blot hybridization using DNA probes labelled with chelate group substituted psoralen and quantitative detection by europium ion fluorescence. | A new labelling method for cloned DNA probes used in hybridization assays is described. The DNA insert of recombinant plasmid DNA was made partially single-stranded for the labelling reaction by a restriction enzyme digest, followed by a controlled exonuclease III incubation. A thiol-containing psoralen derivative was ... |
2893876 | Could an endogenous benzodiazepine ligand contribute to hepatic encephalopathy? | High affinity recognition sites for benzodiazepines are part of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supramolecular complex on the plasma membrane of neurons in the mammalian brain. Synthetic agonist benzodiazepines promote GABA-ergic neurotransmission, and hence the hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of this class of drugs... |
3341450 | Immunocytochemical distribution of a breast carcinoma associated glycoprotein identified by monoclonal antibodies. | A glycoprotein, BCA-225 (Mr 225,000-250,000), has been identified in cells and spent medium of clone 11 T47D breast carcinoma cells by three murine monoclonal antibodies, CU18, CU26, and CU46. The antigen was localized in paraffin sections of 167/178 (94%) Bouin's-fixed human breast carcinoma tissues and few other carc... |
2963534 | Implementation of the group sequential methodology in a randomized trial in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. | A prospective randomized trial using the group sequential statistical method with frequent planned interim analyses was initiated in patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma comparing methotrexate and 5 fluorouracil (MTX-FU) to methyl CCNU, vincristine, FU, and streptozotocin (MOF-Strep). As a requirement of ... |
3276733 | Interactions of spectrin in hereditary elliptocytes containing truncated spectrin beta-chains. | An abnormal spectrin, in which one subunit is truncated, has been detected in a large German family. The inheritance is autosomal dominant. The affected members of the family suffer in widely varying degree from a microcytic hemolytic anemia. The red cell morphology varies correspondingly from smooth elliptocytes to pr... |
3339123 | High efficiency covalent radiolabeling of the human androgen receptor. Studies in cultured fibroblasts using dihydrotestosterone 17 beta-bromoacetate. | Analysis of mutations affecting the androgen receptor protein in human cells has been limited because of the low abundance and lability of these proteins in target tissues. All methods used to date have been based on the noncovalent interaction of radiolabeled androgens with the receptor's ligand binding site. We repor... |
2828426 | Aggregation-related association of lipid with the cytoskeleton of rabbit and human platelets prelabeled with [3H]palmitic acid. Similar effects of adenosine diphosphate- and thrombin-induced aggregation. | To investigate the association of lipid with the cytoskeleton of platelets during aggregation, rabbit and human platelets were isolated and labeled with [3H]palmitic acid; lipid extraction showed approximately 80% in phospholipid. Limited aggregation was induced with ADP or thrombin, and the cytoskeleton was isolated a... |
2828336 | Characterization of the genes for the hexagonally arranged surface layer proteins in protein-producing Bacillus brevis 47: complete nucleotide sequence of the middle wall protein gene. | Bacillus brevis 47 contains two surface (S)-layer proteins, termed the outer wall protein (OWP) and the middle wall protein (MWP), which form a hexagonal array in the cell wall. The MWP and OWP genes are contained in the 9-kilobase-pair (kbp) BclI fragment and constitute an operon under coordinate control of their expr... |
2828325 | Sequence analysis of the Streptococcus mutans fructosyltransferase gene and flanking regions. | The nucleotide sequence of the ftf gene from Streptococcus mutants GS-5 was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that the unprocessed fructosyltransferase gene product has a molecular weight of 87,600. A typical streptococcal signal sequence is present at the amino terminus of the protein. The processe... |
2828324 | Cloning and dependence pattern of the sporulation operon spoVH. | The spoVH locus, involved in the sporulation of Bacillus subtilis, was cloned in derivatives of the temperate bacteriophage luminal diameter 105. Two recombinant phages were obtained which contained 4.2 kilobases of chromosomal DNA. Both phages only partially complemented a mutation in the spoVH operon, spoVH516. Never... |
3275789 | Tumorigenicity of adenovirus-transformed cells: collagen interaction and cell surface laminin are controlled by the serotype origin of the E1A and E1B genes. | A library of cells transformed with recombinant adenoviruses was used to study tumorigenicity and interaction with extracellular matrix. Cells expressing the complete E1 region of highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) are tumorigenic, adhere preferentially to type IV collagen, and express cell surface laminin. Wea... |
2908528 | Characterization and clinical study on the acellular pertussis vaccine produced by a combination of column purified pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin. | Bordetella Pertussis Tohama phase I was cultured in a 300-liter fermentor using a medium containing 0.1% heptakis (2,5-0-dimethyl) beta-cyclodextrin (MeCD). Pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hamagglutinin (FHA) were purified using affinity and ion exchange gel column chromatographies. Endotoxin contents of these ant... |
3245499 | Serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) in seriously injured and septic patients. | Changes of serum PSTI in 49 patients with serious injury or sepsis were investigated. The patients were divided into three groups according to the maximum serum PSTI levels. The mean maximum PSTI was 14.3 +/- 5.7 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) in Group 1 (17 patients), 61.9 +/- 25.6 ng/ml in Group 2 (19 patients) and 678.6 +/- 40... |
3068007 | Expression of type I procollagen genes. | All of the type I collagen in connective tissue is the product of one structural gene for the pro alpha 1(I) chain and another for the pro alpha 2(I) chain of type I procollagen. An intriguing question therefore is how the expression of the two genes differs in mineralizing and non-mineralizing tissues. One approach th... |
3225740 | Characterization of a neurohypophyseal hormone-like activity isolated from ovine pineal glands. | The milk-ejecting response of lactating mouse mammary gland tissue to ovine pineal extracts indicated the presence of a neurohormone-like bioactivity in this tissue. After successive fractionation on gel permeation chromatography and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (HPLC) in conjunction with radioimmunoassays (RIA... |
2851856 | Electrophysiology of benzodiazepine receptor ligands: multiple mechanisms and sites of action. | Electrophysiology of BZR ligands has been reviewed from different points of view. A great effort was made to critically discuss the arguments for and against the temporarily leading hypothesis of the mechanism of action of BZR ligands, the GABA hypothesis. As has been discussed at length in the present article, an impr... |
2463821 | Structural proteins of bovine coronavirus strain L 9: effects of the host cell and trypsin treatment. | The polypeptide profile of the cell-adapted strain of bovine coronavirus (Mebus BCV-L 9) is remarkably affected by the host cell and trypsin. We compared the structural proteins of virus purified from different cell lines and found cell-dependent differences in the virus structure. BCV was purified from four clones of ... |
3213649 | The quality and extension of nerve fibre regeneration in the centrocentral anastomosis of the peripheral nerve. | Centro central anastomosis (CCA) is the connection created by means of a nerve autograft placed between the fascicles of the proximal stump of a sectioned nerve. We have used this technique in the laboratory and in the human to avoid the formation of a terminal neuroma after amputation of a limb. The aim of the present... |
3060069 | Structure and function of contractile proteins in muscle fibres. | The structural unit of muscle has long been defined as the myofibril, a supramolecular assembly of a dozen or more proteins of which two, actin and myosin, comprise more than 75%. In the past 40 years since Albert Szent-Gyorgyi first described the contractile response from the complex of actin and myosin, knowledge of ... |
2974175 | Cytostatic drug therapy in disseminated colorectal cancer. | 5-FU is the best available single drug in advanced colorectal disease. After systemic administration approximately 15% of the patients achieve a short-lived objective remission. Survival is not prolonged by therapy. Several chemotherapy combinations have in preliminary phase II studies given higher response rates (30-5... |
3181075 | [Action of khanerol on the superhelical DNA structure of S-37 cells]. | The damaging effects on the structure of a supramolecular DNA complex of sarcoma-37 cells in mice following the use of the therapeutic doses of khanerol were found. Capillary elastoviscosimetry and nucleoid sedimentation procedure showed that the damage of the supramolecular DNA complex structure becomes apparent alrea... |
3181043 | Enhancement of DMN-induced kidney tumors by 1,2-dichlorovinylcysteine in Swiss-Webster mice. | 1,2-Dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC) is known to cause enlarged nuclei in renal proximal tubule epithelium. This study further characterized the cellular changes induced by DCVC. Also a preliminary investigation of the initiator and promoter potential of DCVC was conducted. When given for 4 weeks in drinking water to Swiss... |
3180243 | Microtubule dynamics in the chromosomal spindle fiber: analysis by fluorescence and high-resolution polarization microscopy. | We describe preliminary results from two studies exploring the dynamics of microtubule assembly and organization within chromosomal spindle fibers. In the first study, we microinjected fluorescently labeled tubulin into mitotic PtK1 cells and measured fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching (FRAP) to determine... |
2459920 | Differentiation of activities within the GABAA-chloride ionophore complex by means of 35-S-TBPS binding. | From the above results, it is evident that both alpidem and zolpidem modulate the GABAA receptor linked chloride ionophore in an allosteric manner via omega 1 anxiolytic/hypnotic recognition sites. As both are highly specific for the omega 1 site, with little affinity for the omega 2 site, it appears that omega 1 site ... |
3420826 | [Structural differences of the supramolecular DNA complex from tumor strain cells]. | Elastoviscosimetric examination was carried out to study the structure of supramolecular DNA complexes obtained from transplantable tumor strain cells and those of the same strains showing pronounced growth in synthetic culture media. The supramolecular DNA complex was isolated as a nucleoid and examined by ethidium br... |
3414267 | [Anatomo-clinical aspects of traumatic spinal cord lesions]. | A comprehensive clinical (150 patients), pathological (6 autopsied spinal cords) and experimental (17 animals) investigation of the spinal cord posttraumatic affections was conducted. The afferent and efferent spinal nerve fibers degeneration was compared and its spatial distribution assessed. Transsynaptic and immedia... |
2900536 | The role of adenosine in the central actions of the benzodiazepines. | 1. Evidence is presented which indicates that the central actions of the benzodiazepines cannot be fully accounted for by assuming an action only at the GABAA-Cl- channel supramolecular complex. 2. The hypothesis is presented, together with supporting evidence, that inhibition of adenosine uptake can account for many o... |
3136416 | Infrared spectroscopy studies on the conformation of human hair. | 10 hair samples of healthy subjects and 8 hair samples of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis III A were examined by two techniques in the native state and hydrolyzed. For the hydrolyzed samples transmission spectroscopy was used, for the studies on native hair we applied the attenuated reflection technique. The main d... |
2841549 | Drug solubilizers to aid pharmacologists: amorphous cyclodextrin derivatives. | Conversion of crystalline alpha-, beta-, or gamma-cyclodextrins into amorphous mixtures of water soluble derivatives yields non-toxic solubilizers which dissolve drugs through the formation of inclusion complexes. From these types of compounds 2-hydroxypropyl ethers of cyclodextrins have presently been investigated and... |
3403105 | Pharmacokinetic study on piroxicam at the steady-state in elderly subjects and younger adults after administration of piroxicam beta-cyclodextrin. | The age effect on the kinetics of piroxicam at the steady-state after oral administration of piroxicam beta-cyclodextrin was evaluated. The mean plasma concentration of piroxicam at the steady-state was significantly higher in elderly subjects (9.30 +/- 0.69 micrograms/ml mean +/- s.e.) than in younger adults (6.24 +/-... |
3396025 | In vitro activation of tumoricidal properties in mouse macrophages using the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) incorporated in liposomes. | We investigated the ability of free or liposome-incorporated synthetic chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) to generate tumoricidal properties in mouse macrophages. As FMLP contains three hydrophobic amino acid residues, it can readily be incorporated into multilamellar vesicles (MLV) cons... |
2967046 | The erythroid membrane skeleton: expression and assembly during erythropoiesis. | One aspect of erythropoiesis entails the biogenesis of a membrane skeleton. Analysis of the expression and assembly of the various components of this multisubunit structure illustrates the problem of spatial and temporal regulation of cytoskeletal morphogenesis, departures from simple self-assembly, and the various lev... |
3366839 | Determination of drug enantiomers in biological samples by coupled column liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and coupled column chromatography can be used to overcome problems likely to occur in direct separation and determination of drug enantiomers in biological samples. This is exemplified here with the direct separation and determination of terbutaline in human plasma at the... |
2452594 | Modulation of ion channels in neurons and other cells. | The field of ion channel modulation has entered a stage of maturity. The development of powerful new molecular biological and biophysical approaches has provided important new insights into the structure and function of ion channels and has revealed them as dynamic entities whose activity can be regulated. The physiolo... |
2966597 | Ultrastructural identification of the primitive muscle spindle in the Xenopus laevis larvae. | The initial formation of muscle spindles was studied with electron microscopy using the toe muscle of Xenopus laevis. At the larval stage 57 (Nieuwkoop and Faber 1967), muscle spindles were first identified primarily by the presence of sensory endings associated with a thin bundle of myotubes, e.g. intrafusal (IF) myot... |
2834202 | A cis-acting element and associated binding factor required for CNS expression of the Drosophila melanogaster dopa decarboxylase gene. | A cis-acting sequence from the Drosophila melanogaster dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) gene is selectively required for Ddc expression in the central nervous system. We analyze several parameters influencing the function of the sequence element and describe a factor which interacts with it and mediates CNS expression of Ddc. ... |
2895543 | Effects of bile acids and endotoxin on the function and morphology of cultured hamster Kupffer cells. | The mechanisms of hepatic reticuloendothelial cell dysfunction in obstructive jaundice were investigated using cultured hamster Kupffer cells. The introduction of free bile acids, cholic acid (CA) at concentrations over 2 mM and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) over 1 mM inhibited colloidal carbon pinocytosis. CA and CDCA ... |
3344320 | [Radioprotective action of a GGS-10 gaseous hypoxic mixture on the DNA supramolecular complex of normal tissues and sarcoma 45 of rats]. | Gas hypoxic mixture (GHM-10) inhaled by rats during gamma-irradiation (2 to 20 Gy) effectively protects the supramolecular complex of DNA (SC DNA) in bone marrow and spleen, but fails to protect this complex in sarcoma 45. GHM-10 itself has been shown to induce rapid and prolonged, but irreversible, decrease in SC DNA ... |
3125214 | Identification of major slowly growing pathogenic mycobacteria and Mycobacterium gordonae by high-performance liquid chromatography of their mycolic acids. | A rapid, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was used to detect rho-bromophenacyl mycolic acid ester patterns for strains of four major pathogenic Mycobacterium species and for the most commonly encountered saprophytic species, Mycobacterium gordonae. Mycobacteria in low numbers (2.5 X 10(6) CFU... |
2830287 | Molecular and supramolecular structure of adsorbed fibrinogen and adsorption isotherms of fibrinogen at quartz surfaces. | The adsorption of fibrinogen to quartz surfaces was measured by ellipsometry, ELISA, and electron microscopy. The initial adsorption at low concentrations was diffusion rate limited as determined by the ELISA and by counting the number of adsorbed molecules at electron micrographs. From ellipsometry, ELISA, and electro... |
3124960 | Innervation of periodontal ligament and dental pulp in the rat incisor: an immunohistochemical investigation of neurofilament protein and glia-specific S-100 protein. | Nervous elements in the periodontal ligament and dental pulp of rat incisors were investigated by means of immunohistochemistry for neurofilament protein (NFP) and glia-specific S-100 protein. The periodontal ligament in the incisors was densely innervated by NFP-immunoreactive nerve fibers; the distribution of the ner... |
2829983 | Actin assembly by lithium ions. | The ability of Li+ to promote the assembly of actin has been compared with the more common cations used in actin assembly assays, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. The principal assay of actin assembly utilized was fluorescence photobleaching recovery (FPR), from which it is possible to determine the fraction of actin protomers inco... |
2449251 | Relationships of agonist properties to the single channel kinetics of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | The effects of the systematic variations of the acetylcholine molecule on the microscopic kinetics of channel activation were studied using the patch clamp technique. The modifications consisted of adding either halogens or a methyl group to the acetyl carbon of acetylcholine, which results in a change in both the ster... |
3342029 | Formaldehyde adducts of glutathione. Structure elucidation by two-dimensional n.m.r. spectroscopy and fast-atom-bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. | Aqueous mixtures of formaldehyde and glutathione react to form a variety of cyclized adducts in addition to S-hydroxymethylglutathione. The adducts are in labile equilibrium with each other and are not readily separated. The structures of two of the other major adducts were determined by concerted application of 13C-1H... |
3422407 | Automated laser-scanning-microbeam fluorescence/Raman image analysis of human lens with multichannel detection: evidence for metabolic production of a green fluorophor. | A laser-microprobe fluorescence/Raman spectrometer with a 700-channel detector has been constructed and applied to the collection of data on the distribution of a green fluorophor throughout the exposed area of a human lens sectioned along the visual axis. The area (approximately 6.5 X 9.5 mm) covering the lens section... |
2829134 | Sequence specific molecular recognition by a monocationic lexitropsin of the decadeoxyribonucleotide d-[CATGGCCATG]2: structural and dynamic aspects deduced from high field 1H-NMR studies. | All 1H-NMR resonances of d-[CATGGCCATG]2 and the 1:1 complex of lexitropsin 1 and the DNA were assigned by the NOE difference, COSY and NOESY methods. Addition of 1 causes the base and imino protons for the sequence 5'-CCAT to undergo the most marked drug-induced chemical shift changes, thereby indicating that 1 is loc... |
3339086 | The polarity and stability of microtubule capture by the kinetochore. | We have studied the capture of microtubules by isolated metaphase chromosomes, using microtubules stabilized with taxol and marked with biotin tubulin to distinguish their plus and minus ends. The capture reaction is reversible at both the plus and minus ends. The on rate of capture is the same for both polarities but ... |
3422098 | Identification of the human beta-actin enhancer and its binding factor. | An enhancer of the human beta-actin gene and a factor that specifically interacts with it were detected. A mobility shift assay showed that the factor bound to the 25-base-pair sequence (between +759 and +783 downstream from the cap site) with high specificity. This finding correlated with those of DNase I protection a... |
3336352 | Comparison of nonerythroid alpha-spectrin genes reveals strict homology among diverse species. | The spectrins are a family of widely distributed filamentous proteins. In association with actin, spectrins form a supporting and organizing scaffold for cell membranes. Using antibodies specific for human brain alpha-spectrin (alpha-fodrin), we have cloned a rat brain alpha-spectrin cDNA from an expression library. Se... |
3335519 | Quaternary interactions in hemoglobin beta subunit tetramers. Kinetics of ligand binding and self-assembly. | We have investigated the rates of monomer in equilibrium with tetramer self-association of oxygenated beta SH subunits of human hemoglobin A as well as the influence of self-association on the binding kinetics for O2 and CO. A 4 beta in equilibrium with 2 beta 2 in equilibrium with beta 4 assembly pathway can be used t... |
2447077 | p-Aminobenzoylpolyglutamates with hydrophobic end groups. A new class of inhibitors of hemoglobin S polymerization. | We have synthesized and tested a new series of compounds that inhibit the polymerization of deoxyhemoglobin S by noncovalent interaction. They consist of three structural elements: A p-aminobenzoyl residue to anchor the compound in the central cavity between the beta chains, a number of glutamates in gamma linkage to p... |
3334749 | Detection of phosphorylated forms of Moloney murine leukemia virus major capsid protein p30 by immunoprecipitation and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. | We detected phosphorylation of the major Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) capsid polypeptide, p30, by using 32Pi-labeled virions. This was observed both on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels directly or on one-dimensional gels of viral lysates that had been immunoprecipitated with monospecific goat anti-p30 seru... |
2446015 | Fine mapping two distinct antigenic sites on simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen reactive with SV40-specific cytotoxic T-cell clones by using SV40 deletion mutants. | The existence of two distinct antigenic sites at the surface of simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed H-2b cells has been previously demonstrated (A. E. Campbell, L. F. Foley, and S. S. Tevethia, J. Immunol. 130:490-492, 1983) by using two independently isolated SV40-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones, K11 and K... |
16867327 | Enantiomeric separations and their application in pharmaceutical analysis using chiral eluents. | The most important problems of enantiomeric separations using chiral eluents are discussed. The methods have been compared with respect to enantiomeric purity of reagents, reagent selection and separation variables. The most important considerations for methods based on inclusion-complexation with different CDs and on ... |
16867406 | Microcalorimetric and chromatographic investigations of the binding of some pyridine derivatives to cyclodextrins. | The binding of some pyridine derivatives to alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins has been investigated by microcalorimetry. The strongest binding is to beta-cyclodextrin, but the binding constants are of the order 10(2) M(-1). The binding to beta-cyclodextrin was also investigated by high performance liquid chromatogr... |
16867405 | Analysis of some dosage forms containing pyridine derivatives using a cyclodextrin bonded stationary phase in HPLC. | The high performance liquid chromatography of some pyridine derivatives using a silica column to which beta-cyclodextrin has been bonded, has been investigated. In spite of the low affinity constants of the drugs for cyclodextrin (of the order of 10(2) M(-1)) good separations can be achieved using a mobile phase of met... |
2637044 | Recognition in cell adhesion. A comparative study of the conformations of RGD-containing peptides by Monte Carlo and NMR methods. | Many of the proteins that mediate cell adhesion processes processes-fibronectin, fibrinogen, vitronectin, von Willebrand factor, osteopontin, laminin and various collagens--contain the amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Asp. Short peptides that include this sequence have been shown to inhibit the interactions of cell adhesion... |
2561548 | Agonist derived molecular probes for A2 adenosine receptors. | The adenosine agonist 2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenylethylamino)-5'-N- ethylcarboxamidoadenos ine (CGS21680) was recently reported to be selective for the A2 adenosine receptor subtype, which mediates its hypotensive action. To investigate structure/activity relationships at a distal site, CGS21680 was derivatized using a ... |
2637043 | Preparation of a functional, highly selective polymer by molecular imprinting. A demonstration with L-p-aminophenylalanine anilide as a template molecule allowing multiple points of attachment. | The technique of molecular imprinting was tested using various phenylalanine derivatives. It could be shown that polymers obtained by imprinting with L-p-aminophenylalanine anilide gave best recognition of the original L-form, with separation factors (alpha) above 8, on applying racemic mixtures to the polymer obtained... |
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