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2249838 | Role of elastic fiber degradation in emphysema-like lesions of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis. | To study the pulmonary structural remodeling in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis, electron microscopy and light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical observations for elastin and alpha 1-antitrypsin were performed on five open lung biopsy samples. Lung specimens showed emphysema-like changes in areas of abnormally... |
2249660 | Functional analysis of transcribed spacers of yeast ribosomal DNA. | Making use of an rDNA unit, containing oligonucleotide tags in both the 17S and 26S rRNA gene, we have analyzed the effect of various deletions in the External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) and in one of the Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 (ITS1) on the process of ribosome formation in yeast. By following the fate of the tag... |
1701018 | A uridylate tract mediates efficient heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein-RNA cross-linking and functionally substitutes for the downstream element of the polyadenylation signal. | Every RNA added to an in vitro polyadenylation extract became stably associated with both the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A and C proteins, as assayed by immunoprecipitation analysis using specific monoclonal antibodies. UV-cross-linking analysis, however, which assays the specific spatial relations... |
2173781 | Structural factors modulate the activity of antigenic poliovirus sequences expressed on hybrid hepatitis B surface antigen particles. | We have studied the functional expression of antigenic poliovirus fragments carried by various hybrid hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles. Several constructions were made by using two different insertion sites in the HBsAg molecule (amino acid positions 50 and 113) and two different sequences, one derived fro... |
2243375 | Identification of individual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 amino acids important for CD4 receptor binding. | The binding of the CD4 receptor by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein is important for virus entry and cytopathic effect. To investigate the CD4-binding region of the gp120 glycoprotein, we altered gp120 amino acids, excluding cysteines, that are conserved among the primate imm... |
24420580 | Green thoughts in a green shade. | The author gives an autobiographical sketch of his path to chlorophyll research, and describes some results. The discussion is largely focused on long wavelength forms of chlorophyll and how they might be generated by self-assembly. Dimers or oligomers, (Chl)n, result from coordination interactions between the central ... |
2151609 | The transmembrane anchor of the T-cell antigen receptor beta chain contains a structural determinant of pre-Golgi proteolysis. | Studies with the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) have shown that the endoplasmic reticulum, or an organelle closely associated with it, can retain and degrade membrane proteins selectively. The observation that only three (alpha, beta, and delta) of the six (alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta) subunits of the TCR are su... |
2087691 | The effect of heparin on multiple organ failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation in a sepsis model. | In order to elucidate a possible role of hypercoagulability leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure (MOF), unfractionated heparin and the related agents were administered to septic rabbits which manifest DIC and MOF. Administration of heparin resulted in pre... |
2086587 | High-performance liquid chromatographic method for direct resolution of the indobufen enantiomeric components. | A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-indobufen as diastereoisomeric derivatives has been applied and validated for stability control in tablet formulations. In order to obtain a less troublesome and more rapid method the direct resolution of the enantiomeric com... |
2081749 | Effects of mobile phase composition on the reversed-phase separation of dipeptides and tripeptides with cyclodextrin-bonded-phase columns. | The effects of mobile phase composition on the reversed-phase separation of several dipeptides and tripeptides with a gamma-cyclodextrin-bonded-phase column have been studied. The addition of organic modifier (i.e. methanol) into the aqueous buffer (pH 4.65) mobile phase causes a minimum capacity factor value to be obs... |
2074894 | [Tumor lectinology--status and perspectives of clinical application]. | A detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of molecular recognition is a prerequisite to rationally improved diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in diseases. In addition to sequences of amino acids, carbohydrate structures apparently store biological information that is thought to be relevant for physiologically importan... |
2293214 | Enhancement of the antiinflammatory effect of ethyl 4-biphenylyl acetate in ointment by beta-cyclodextrin derivatives: increased absorption and localized activation of the prodrug in rats. | Ethyl 4-biphenylyl acetate (EBA) is a prodrug of the antiinflammatory 4-biphenylyl acetic acid (BPAA). The inclusion complexes of EBA with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD), heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DM-beta-CyD), and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD) at a molar ratio of 1:2 (EBA:cyclodextri... |
2291944 | Immobilized proteins in buffer imaged at molecular resolution by atomic force microscopy. | Samples of supported planar lipid-protein membranes and actin filaments on mica were imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The samples were fully submerged in buffer at room temperature during imaging. Individual proteins bound to the reconstituted membrane were distinguishable; some structural details could be reso... |
1705448 | Ion-water and ion-polypeptide correlations in a gramicidin-like channel. A molecular dynamics study. | This work describes a molecular dynamics study of ion-water and ion-polypeptide correlation in a model gramicidin-like channel (the polyglycine analogue) based upon interaction between polarizable, multipolar groups. The model suggests that the vicinity of the dimer junction and of the ethanolamine tail are regions of ... |
1366841 | Intact chemoreceptor-based biosensors. | A receptrode biosensor is presented that uses intact chemoreceptor-based molecular recognition from antennular structures of the Hawaiian swimming crab species Portunis sanguinolentus. The sensor is coupled to a learning, pattern recognition calculation for performing analytical chemistry. Action potential waveforms ar... |
2289222 | Efficacy and gastrointestinal tolerability of beta-cyclodextrin-piroxicam and tenoxicam in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis. | Thirty patients aged 26 to 70 years with a history of chronic osteoarthritis of at least eight years were randomly assigned to receive 20 mg daily of beta-cyclodextrin-piroxicam (beta-CDP) or tenoxicam for eight weeks. Both drugs effectively reduced pain, inflammation, and functional limitations of the affected joints.... |
1980478 | The oct-1 homeo domain contacts only part of the octamer sequence and full oct-1 DNA-binding activity requires the POU-specific domain. | The ubiquitous octamer-binding protein oct-1 contains a POU domain required for DNA binding, which can be subdivided into a POU-specific domain and a POU homeo domain. We have overproduced the POU domain and the POU homeo domain in a vaccinia expression system, purified both polypeptides to near homogeneity, and compar... |
2274684 | Pulmonary function testing in the intensive care unit. | A number of tests of pulmonary function have been successfully developed for use in the intensive care unit. When performed in the ICU on critically ill patients, many of the traditional laboratory-based tests will have different clinical implications than when performed in ambulatory patients, for example vital capaci... |
2265202 | Polymeric structure of human respiratory mucin: studies on two protein components released upon reduction of disulfide bonds. | A major mucus glycoprotein (mucin) was purified from the tracheobronchial secretions of an asthmatic patient. Upon SDS-composite gel electrophoresis, the purified native (non-reduced) mucin gave a single band. SDS-gel electrophoresis on 6% polyacrylamide gels showed the absence of low molecular mass protein contaminant... |
2124804 | Evidence for Mössbauer spectroscopy for different forms of iron core in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial ferritin. | Mössbauer spectroscopic studies of whole cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, grown under different conditions, indicate that the predominant form of iron in the cells varies significantly. These differences are interpreted in terms of differences in the nature of the iron cores of the bacterial ferritin, which result from... |
2263856 | [Syndrome of multiple organ failure]. | The multiple organ failure syndrome (MOF) is a relatively new entity defined as the successive occurrence of respiratory (ARDS), hepatic, renal, myocardial, gastro-intestinal or neurological failure in patients with hyperkinetic haemodynamic and hypermetabolic states. The etiologies are: infection, septic and non-septi... |
2261693 | Interaction between endogenous circulating sulfated-glycosaminoglycans and plasma proteins. | Interaction between endogenous 35S-labelled plasma glycosaminoglycans and proteins in murine plasma was demonstrated by coelution from gel chromatography of circulating 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycans with a wide range of plasma proteins. Autoradiography of electrophoretic tracing of proteins from 35S-sulfate labelled ... |
1979147 | (Mg-ATP)-dependent self-assembly of molecular chaperone GroEL. | The important Escherichia coli heat-shock protein GroEL of relative molecular mass 57,259 is a typical molecular chaperone. It possesses ATPase activity and interacts in ATP-driven reactions with non-folded proteins to stimulate their correct folding and/or assembly by preventing the formation of improper protein struc... |
2249759 | Mutations affecting the meiotic and mitotic divisions of the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. | We describe interactions between maternal-effect lethal mutations in four genes of Caenorhabditis elegans whose products appear to be involved in the meiotic and mitotic divisions of the one-cell embryo. Mitosis is disrupted by two dominant temperature-sensitive gain-of-function maternal-effect lethal mutations, mei-1(... |
1978941 | Identification and structural analysis of residues in the V1 region of CD4 involved in interaction with human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. | The human CD4 molecule binds both human immunodeficiency virus envelope protein gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. We have studied a series of mutants in the region of amino acids 42-49 of CD4 for their ability to bind gp120, to interact with class II MHC, to enhance T-cell activation,... |
2247450 | Biosynthesis of vitamin B12: structure of precorrin-6x octamethyl ester. | 13C-labeled precorrin-6x is biosynthesized by cell-free protein preparations from Pseudomonas denitrificans in separate experiments using delta-amino[5-13C]levulinic acid and the corresponding delta-amino[4-13C]- and delta-amino[3-13C]levulinic acid-labeled forms in conjunction with S-[methyl-13C]adenosylmethionine for... |
2247449 | Biosynthesis of vitamin B12: isolation of precorrin-6x, a metal-free precursor of the corrin macrocycle retaining five S-adenosylmethionine-derived peripheral methyl groups. | delta-Aminolevulinic acid and trimethylisobacteriochlorin are converted by cell-free protein preparations from Pseudomonas denitrificans into a metal-free pigment, precorrin-6x. This pigment, which accumulates when the cell-free system lacks NADPH, can be enzymically converted in high yield (greater than 50%) into hydr... |
1978929 | The mitochondrial chaperonin hsp60 is required for its own assembly. | Heatshock protein 60 (hsp60) in the matrix of mitochondria is essential for the folding and assembly of newly imported proteins. Hsp60 belongs to a class of structurally related chaperonins found in organelles of endosymbiotic origin and in the bacterial cytosol. Hsp60 monomers form a complex arranged as two stacked 7-... |
2244876 | Effect of sodium chloride concentration on fluid-phase assembly and stability of the C3 convertase of the classical pathway of the complement system. | The assembly of the classical-pathway C3 convertase from C4 and I2-treated C2 by the action of C1s is an Mg2(+)-dependent reaction. The Mg2+ concentration necessary for the assembly of C3 convertase in the fluid phase was found to be dependent on NaCl concentration. In the absence of NaCl more than 5 mM-MgCl2 was found... |
2173755 | The activity of zolpidem and other hypnotics within the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor supramolecular complex, as determined by 35S-t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (35S-TBPS) binding to rat cerebral cortex membranes. | The present study compares the effects of different hypnotics acting at omega 1/omega 2 sites (zolpidem, zopiclone, flunitrazepam and triazolam) on 35S-t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (35S-TBPS) binding to well-washed rat cerebral membranes, in the presence of 1M NaCl. Under these conditions, all compounds enhanced 35S... |
2243125 | A mutation in the gene for type III procollagen (COL3A1) in a family with aortic aneurysms. | Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that familial aortic aneurysms, either thoracic or abdominal, are caused by mutations in the gene for type III procollagen (COL3A1) similar to mutations in the same gene that have been shown to cause rupture of aorta and other disastrous consequences in the rare genet... |
2243121 | Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase: a splice site mutation causes the deletion of exon 6 in multiple families with porphyria cutanea tarda. | Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D) is a cytosolic heme-biosynthetic enzyme that converts uroporphyrinogen to coproporphyrinogen. Defects at the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase locus cause the human genetic disease familial porphyria cutanea tarda. A splice site mutation has been found in a pedigree with familial por... |
2241184 | [A multicenter clinical study of oral topical administration of G-512 on chemotherapy-associated intraoral mucosal lesions of patients with hematological malignancies. G-512 Therapeutic Study Group for Intraoral Mucosal Lesions]. | We evaluated the usefulness of PGE2 on chemotherapy-associated oral mucosal lesions of the patients with hematological malignancies and compared the efficacy of the troche with that of the tablet. One hundred and fifty three patients were given 0.5 mg of these PGE2 topically three times daily. One hundred and fourty fi... |
1700617 | Inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth in the brain. Suppression of endothelial cell turnover by penicillamine and the depletion of copper, an angiogenic cofactor. | Microvascular proliferation, a hallmark of malignant brain tumors, represents an attractive target of anticancer research, especially because of the quiescent nonproliferative endothelium of the normal brain. Cerebral neoplasms sequester copper, a trace metal that modulates angiogenesis. Using a rabbit brain tumor mode... |
2237416 | Side chain contributions to the stability of alpha-helical structure in peptides. | Short peptides that contain significant alpha-helical structure in aqueous solution allow the investigation of the role of amino acid side chains in stabilizing or destabilizing alpha-helix structure. A host-guest system of soluble synthetic peptides was designed that consisted of chains with the block sequence TyrSerG... |
2230956 | Transfected rat high-molecular-weight neurofilament (NF-H) coassembles with vimentin in a predominantly nonphosphorylated form. | A fully encoding cDNA for the high-molecular-weight rat neurofilament protein (NF-H) has been isolated from a lambda gt11 library, sequenced and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vectors. Sequence analysis shows that rat NF-H has an overall homology of 72 and 88% with human and mouse NF-H, respectively. The head and... |
2229178 | Myosin mRNA accumulation and myofibrillogenesis at the myotendinous junction of stretched muscle fibers. | Myofiber growth and myofibril assembly at the myotendinous junction (MTJ) of stretch-hypertrophied rabbit skeletal muscle was studied by in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. In situ hybridization identified higher levels of myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA at the MTJ of fibers stretched for ... |
1977736 | Isolation and characterization of mutants with lesions affecting pellicle formation and erythrocyte agglutination by type 1 piliated Escherichia coli. | The product of the pilE (also called fimH) gene is a minor component of type 1 pili in Escherichia coli. Mutants that have insertions in the pilE gene are fully piliated but unable to bind to and agglutinate guinea pig erythrocytes, a characteristic of wild-type type 1 piliated E. coli. In this paper we describe the is... |
2172210 | Assay and purification of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:precorrin-2 methyltransferase from Pseudomonas denitrificans. | S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:precorrin-2 methyltransferase (SP2MT), which catalyzes the C-20 methylation of precorrin-2 to precorrin-3, was purified to homogeneity from extracts of a recombinant strain of Pseudomonas denitrificans derived from a cobalamin-overproducing strain. Ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by chro... |
2228250 | Fab fragments from a monoclonal antibody against a germ tube mannoprotein block the yeast-to-mycelium transition in Candida albicans. | Fab fragments prepared from the immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody (MAb) 4C12, which reacts with a determinant expressed on the hyphal extension of germ tubes of Candida albicans, inhibited germ tube formation, but intact MAb 4C12 did not. Indirect immunofluorescence showed a punctate binding pattern on cells incubat... |
2172167 | Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin: intoxication of host cells by bacterial invasion. | Bordetella pertussis produces extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase toxin (AC toxin) which penetrates target cells and, upon activation by host calmodulin, generates high levels of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP). As a result, bactericidal functions of immune effector cells are impaired. Since a considerable amount of AC ... |
2228237 | Engineering of genetically detoxified pertussis toxin analogs for development of a recombinant whooping cough vaccine. | Pertussis toxin (PT) is an important protective antigen in vaccines against whooping cough, and a genetically detoxified PT analog is the preferred form of the immunogen. Several amino acids of the S1 subunit were identified as functionally critical residues by site-directed mutagenesis, specifically, those at position... |
2214028 | Moloney murine leukemia virus integration protein produced in yeast binds specifically to viral att sites. | The integration protein (IN) of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV), purified after being produced in yeast cells, has been analyzed for its ability to bind its putative viral substrates, the att sites. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that the Moloney MuLV IN protein binds synthetic oligonucleotides c... |
2214023 | Transcription factors NFI and NFIII/oct-1 function independently, employing different mechanisms to enhance adenovirus DNA replication. | Initiation of adenovirus DNA replication is strongly enhanced by two transcription factors, nuclear factor I (NFI) and nuclear factor III (NFIII/oct-1). These proteins bind to two closely spaced recognition sequences in the origin. We produced NFI and NFIII/oct-1, as well as their biologically active, replication-compe... |
2208803 | Adhesion molecules on endothelial cells in the central nervous system: an emerging area in the neuroimmunology of multiple sclerosis. | The observation of lymphocyte adhesion/homing molecules with ligands (integrins and vascular addressins) on endothelial cells (EC) within target organs during a number of nonlymphoid chronic inflammatory conditions is occurring with increasing frequency. On the basis of evidence from the literature and pilot data on th... |
18965068 | Solution interactions and solid-matrix interactions in beta-cyclodextrin solid-matrix luminescence. | A variety of liquid chromatographic, solution fluorescence, and extraction data were obtained in an attempt to correlate solution interactions with solid-matrix interactions for solute-beta-cyclodextrin complexes. From the chromatographic data, dissociation constants were calculated for the complexes. Fluorescence spec... |
17746919 | Molecular chaperones: the plant connection. | Molecular chaperones are a family of unrelated proteins found in all types of cell. They mediate the correct assembly of other polypeptides, but are not components of the mature assembled structures. Chaperones function by binding specifically to interactive protein surfaces that are exposed transiently during many cel... |
17423691 | Nephrotoxicity in dogs associated with methoxyflurane anesthesia and flunixin meglumine analgesia. | Uremia unexpectedly developed in five dogs 24 hours after undergoing thoracotomy in a student laboratory. In all dogs general anesthesia had been maintained with methoxyflurane, muscle relaxation had been induced with gallamine, and each dog received a single intravenous dose of 1.0 mg/kg flunixin meglumine for analges... |
15374469 | Superoxide radical scavenging activity of idebenone in vitro studied by ESR spin trapping method and direct ESR measurement at liquid nitrogen temperature. | The radical scavenging activity of oxidized and reduced idebenone (ID-O and ID-H, respectively) against superoxide radical (O2(-*) was studied in vitro using two methods: (1) O2(-*) radicals were generated enzymatically in a hypoxanthine (HPX)-xanthine oxidase (XOD) system and detected by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxi... |
2132623 | Morphometrical evaluation of myocardium from rats flown on biosatellite Cosmos-1887. | The myocardium of rats kept on the biosatellite Cosmos-1887 for 13 days was morphometrically examined at the cellular and subcellular levels. It was found that weightlessness causes in the heart muscle cells atrophy of the muscle fibers, thinning of the sarcomeres a decrease in the relative volume and number, a change ... |
2129217 | Isoforms of tau protein from mammalian brain and avian erythrocytes: structure, self-assembly, and elasticity. | Previous studies on tau protein showed that the protein forms paracrystals which are unusually elastic. The paracrystals were obtained from a mixture of isoforms prepared from brain tissue, and the protein was in a mixed state of phosphorylation. Subsequently we showed that the structure and elasticity was related to t... |
2100144 | Phase diagram of lipid A from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli rough mutant lipopolysaccharide. | We have reported here on the structural polymorphism of lipid A, the "endotoxic principle" of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. For lipid A of rough mutant lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli, the three-dimensional supramolecular structures were determined with x-ray diffraction utilizing sync... |
2096889 | Characterization of specific interactions of coenzymes, regulatory nucleotides and cibacron blue with nucleotide binding domains of enzymes by analytical affinity chromatography. | The dissociation constant for the complex of rhodanese and Cibacron Blue, determined by analytical affinity chromatography using rhodanese immobilized on controlled-pore glass (CPG) beads (200 nm pore diameter) and aminohexyl-Cibacron Blue, was 44 microM which agreed well with the kinetic inhibition constant, suggestin... |
2096888 | Citrate synthase 1 interacts with the citrate transporter of yeast mitochondria. | We have previously shown that citrate synthase binds to an intrinsic protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane (D'Souza and Srere, 1983). In this paper we present evidence that this citrate synthase binding protein is the citrate transporter. We have used citrate synthase 1 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and tra... |
1710913 | Detection of antigen-antibody interactions by surface plasmon resonance. Application to epitope mapping. | Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection requires no labeling of antigen or antibodies and allows quantification of two or more interacting molecular species. The automated SPR instrument used here consists of an optical detection unit, an integrated liquid handling unit, and an autosampler. A first molecule is immobi... |
2096887 | Specific isolation by anhydrotrypsin-agarose chromatography of a recombinant protein tagged with an affinity tail arginine at the C-terminus. | A characteristic property of anhydrotrypsin, i.e., its ability to strongly bind C-terminal arginine, proved to be useful as a tool for specific enrichment of a recombinant protein. An arginine tail was introduced at the C-terminus, for example, of a human beta-galactoside-binding lectin by site-directed mutagenesis. Th... |
1965778 | Effect of modification of enkephalin C-terminal functions on affinity selection of opioid receptors. | Enkephalin analogs with various C-terminal modifications have been synthesized to evaluate the corresponding structural elements in the opioid receptors. The carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine5 or glycine5 was converted into the mercaptomethyl (-CH2SH) and hydroxymethyl (-CH2OH) groups, starting from leucinthiol ... |
2096886 | Binding of the soybean Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor and of its chymotrypsin and trypsin inhibiting fragments to bovine alpha-chymotrypsin and bovine beta-trypsin. A thermodynamic study. | The effect of pH and temperature on the apparent association equilibrium constant (Ka) for the binding of the soybean Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor (BBI) and of its chymotrypsin and trypsin inhibiting fragments (F-C(p), F-T(p) and F-T(t), respectively) to bovine alpha-chymotrypsin (alpha-chymotrypsin) and bovine bet... |
2096885 | Purification and characterization of Fab fragments from anti-mouse NGF polyclonal antibodies. | A functional role for Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in the peripheral nervous system is well-documented, but a similar case for NGF in the central nervous system remains to be established. One approach to answering this question would be the availability of high-affinity monospecific Fab fragments obtained against NGF. In ... |
2096884 | Enzymatic semisynthesis of human insulin: an update. | Peptide bond formation can be enzymatically catalysed by the reverse reaction of proteases. Application is seen in the industrial production of human insulin. Human insulin derivative can be enzymatically prepared using either porcine insulin or the single chain B(1-29)-A(1-21) insulin precursor as the starting materia... |
2128021 | Effect of diethyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the release of nitroglycerin from formulations. | The complex-forming abilities of 2,6-di-O-ethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DE-beta-CD), and its effect on the release of nitroglycerin (TNG) from formulations of the compound, were studied and compared with corresponding properties of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and 2,6-di-O-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DM-beta-CD). Complex forma... |
1368598 | Structure of di-O-alpha-maltosyl cyclodextrins produced from alpha-maltosylfluoride and cyclodextrins. | The structures of di-O-alpha-maltosyl beta-cyclodextrins ((G2)2-beta-CDs), which were produced from alpha-maltosylfluoride (alpha-G2F) and cyclodextrin (CD) by the transfer action of debranching enzymes, were examined by the enzymic method using Bacillus subtilis saccharifying alpha-amylase (BSA). (G2)2-beta-CD was con... |
2127638 | X-ray diffraction studies on melanins in lyophylized melanosomes. | A series of experiments was performed on lyophylized melanosomes in order to analyze the melanin in the natural state as polymerized into these organelles and to verify in such biological amorphous material the possibility of obtaining intensity scattering curves from which Bragg distances can be calculated. The result... |
2150201 | Direct separation of amino acid enantiomers using a chiral crown ether stationary phase. Application to 2-amino-omega-phosphonoalkanoic acids. | The resolution of a series of 2-amino-omega-phosphonoalkanoic acid enantiomers using a crown ether chiral stationary phase is described. The method is applicable to other primary amino acid and shows some advantages over chiral derivatization with fluorometric detection. Optical isomers of under 0.5% may be quantified. |
2077044 | Capillary electrophoretic separations of peptides using micelle-forming compounds and cyclodextrins as additives. | The value of electrokinetic capillary chromatography for separating structurally similar model peptides and tryptic digests is demonstrated. The behavior of model peptides in buffer systems containing dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate and two cyclodextrins as a... |
2150008 | Studies of the mechanism of the cyclisation reaction catalysed by the wildtype and a truncated alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Klebsiella pneumoniae strain M 5 al, and the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus circulans strain 8. | The actions of the wildtype and a truncated alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Klebsiella pneumoniae strain M 5 al on malto-oligosaccharides showed no significant differences, and there was marked dependence of the kinetic parameters on the chain lengths of the substrate. The action of the beta-cyclodextrin gl... |
2292579 | Physiological dynamic structures of nucleic acids in A. espejiana cells detected on 1H-31P cross-polarization NMR. | In order to obtain information of the supramolecular structures of nucleic acids in vivo, the 1H-31P cross-polarization NMR technique was applied to intact marine bacterial cells. An asymmetric powder pattern spectrum of nucleic acids in the cell was observed. The major contributor to the spectrum was ribosomes. Furthe... |
2291665 | Anti-human immunodeficiency virus effects of dextran sulfate are strain dependent and synergistic or antagonistic when dextran sulfate is given in combination with dideoxynucleosides. | The effects of three molecular weight ranges of dextran sulfate on five different human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates (from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), alone and in combination with dideoxynucleosides, were investigated in vitro. The higher the molecular weight range of dextran sulfate, t... |
2149760 | Engineering a heavy atom derivative for the X-ray structure analysis of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. | Based on a preliminary structural model of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus circulans (EC 2.4.1.19), Ser428 and Ser475 of the enzyme were mutated to cysteines in order to produce suitable heavy atom derivatives. Mutant Ser475----Cys could not be expressed as protein. Mutant Ser428----Cys was expressed in ... |
2285502 | The effect of amphiphilic polymers on growth of Bordetella pertussis and production of B. pertussis haemagglutinins. | The effect, upon addition to a culture medium of amphiphilic polymers such as partly hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) or partly methylated cellulose (MeCel) on growth and production of haemagglutinins--the filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and the pertussis toxin (PT)--has been investigated. As a result, an increase ... |
2281037 | Dose and time-course evaluation of a redox-based estradiol-chemical delivery system for the brain. I. Tissue distribution. | Brain-enhanced delivery and sustained release of estradiol (E2) may be potentially useful in the treatments of vasomotor hot flushes and prostatic adenocarcinoma and for fertility regulation. Therefore, we have evaluated a redox-based estradiol-chemical delivery system (E2-CDS) for the brain. The mechanism of this drug... |
2281029 | Growth hormone (GH) secretory dynamics in animals administered estradiol utilizing a chemical delivery system. | We have utilized a redox chemical delivery system (CDS) for the brain targeting of estradiol (E2) to ascertain its effects on GH secretory patterns in adult intact male rats. The E2-CDS (1.0 mg/kg) dissolved in 20% hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin (HPCD), E2 (1.0 mg/kg) alone in 20% HPCD, or 20% HPCD was administered intrave... |
2280352 | Effect of liposome and cyclodextrin entrapment on retardation of glutathione decomposition of nitroimidazolyl sulfones. | A new class of radiosensitizing pharmaceuticals derived from 4-nitro-5-imidazolyl sulfones has its clinical potential compromised by a metabolic reaction with plasma glutathione which leads to a much less active metabolite. Entrapment of two members of the class in three different liposomes, one polymerized liposome, a... |
2278376 | [Is TNF-alpha "ripe" for routine diagnosis in sepsis?]. | Mortality of the septic syndrome is around 40-60% and can rise to 100% if multiple organ failure (MOF) develops. It is generally assumed that the high mortality of sepsis can only be reduced by early diagnosis and prevention of subsequent MOF. The aim of our study was to investigate the validity of routine TNF-alpha de... |
2278375 | [Hemofiltration in acute kidney failure. Experiences of a surgical intensive care station]. | Until recently acute renal failure (ARF) in critically ill patients has been known to have a very poor prognosis, particularly when associated with multiple organ failure (MOF). Mortality rates for ARF in combination with at least two other failing organ systems have ranged over 90%. Despite the use of intermittent hem... |
2278373 | [Acute lung failure following thoracic trauma]. | Pulmonary failure is almost always present in the early or late phase of multiple organ failure (MOF). Acute lung failure (ALF) is a uniquely constant response to direct or indirect insults to the lung. Increased pulmonary microvascular permeability (PMVP) is associated with the onset of lung permeability edema, the ha... |
2271628 | Interaction of the EcoRV restriction endonuclease with the deoxyadenosine and thymidine bases in its recognition hexamer d(GATATC). | A set of dA and T analogues suitable for the study of protein DNA interactions have been incorporated into the central d(ATAT) sequence within d(GACGATATCGTC). The individual analogues have one potential protein contact (either a hydrogen-bonding group or a CH3 group capable of a van der Waals interaction) deleted. In ... |
2271627 | Incorporation of a complete set of deoxyadenosine and thymidine analogues suitable for the study of protein nucleic acid interactions into oligodeoxynucleotides. Application to the EcoRV restriction endonuclease and modification methylase. | A complete set of dA and T analogues designed for the study of protein DNA interactions has been prepared. These modified bases have been designed by considering the groups on the dA and T bases that are accessible to proteins when these bases are incorporated into double-helical B-DNA [Seeman, N. C., Rosenberg, J. M.,... |
1702637 | Sequence specific molecular recognition and binding by a GC recognizing Hoechst 33258 analogue to the decadeoxyribonucleotide d-[CATGGCCATG]2: structural and dynamic aspects deduced from high field 1H-NMR studies. | The non-exchangeable and imino proton NMR resonances have been assigned of the 1:1 complex of an analogue 2 of Hoechst 33258 1 bound to the decadeoxyribonuycleotide d-[CATGGCCATG]2 by a combination of NOE difference, COSY and NOESYPH techniques. In contrast to Hoechst 33258 which recognizes 5'-AATT sequences exclusivel... |
2268052 | Potentiometric biosensor employing catalytic antibodies as the molecular recognition element. | Catalytic antibodies are introduced as an important new class of biomolecules for molecular recognition in biosensors in which the binding sites are continually regenerated by the catalytic reaction of the substrate. Consequently, molecular recognition by catalytic antibodies can yield reversible immunoblosensors. In t... |
2265429 | Immunohistochemical study of neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers in the human clitoris and penis. | The occurrence and distribution of neuropeptide Y in the human clitoris and penis was investigated by light immunohistochemistry. Neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers were detected in the tunicae of arteries and veins as well as among trabecular smooth muscle. The distribution pattern of the peptide was similar in bo... |
2124257 | Arachidonic acid metabolites alter G protein-mediated signal transduction in heart. Effects on muscarinic K+ channels. | The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR)-stimulated, inwardly rectifying K+ current (IK [ACh]) was examined in single bullfrog atrial cells using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. IK[ACh] was activated either by bath addition of 1 microM ACh or via activation of the G protein, Gk, with guanosine-gamma-thiotrip... |
2249773 | Interferon-alpha regulates nuclear translocation and DNA-binding affinity of ISGF3, a multimeric transcriptional activator. | The interaction of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) with a specific cell-surface receptor elicits physiological changes that rely on rapid transcriptional activation of a group of IFN-alpha-stimulated genes (ISGs). The IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE), a conserved regulatory element of all ISGs, is the target for tra... |
2122889 | Investigation of putative active-site lysine residues in hydroxymethylbilane synthase. Preparation and characterization of mutants in which (a) Lys-55, (b) Lys-59 and (c) both Lys-55 and Lys-59 have been replaced by glutamine. | A new construct carrying the hemC gene was transformed into Escherichia coli, resulting in approx. 1000-fold over-expression of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS). This construct was used to generate HMBS in which (a) Lys-55, (b) Lys-59 and (c) both Lys-55 and Lys-59 were replaced by glutamine (K55Q, K59Q and K55Q-K59... |
2236010 | Parallel zippers formed by alpha-helical peptide columns in crystals of Boc-Aib-Glu(OBzl)-Leu-Aib-Ala-Leu-Aib-Ala-Lys(Z)-Aib-OMe. | The crystal structure of the decapeptide Boc-Aib-Glu(OBzl)-Leu-Aib-Ala-Leu-Aib-Ala-Lys(Z)-Aib-OMe (where Aib is alpha-aminoisobutyryl, Boc is t-butoxycarbonyl, OBzl is benzyl ester, and Z is benzyloxycarbonyl) illustrates a parallel zipper arrangement of interacting helical peptide columns. Head-to-tail NH...OC hydroge... |
2172648 | Endothelial cell motility, integrin receptor clustering, and microfilament organization are inhibited by agents that increase intracellular cAMP. | Adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs) to various extracellular matrix proteins is mostly mediated by receptors of the integrin family. The interaction of ECs with extracellular matrix proteins is accompanied by cell spreading, cytoskeletal organization, and clustering of the specific integrin recepto... |
2229357 | Bovine lactoferrin binding to six species of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. | Bovine lactoferrin (BLf), an acute-phase iron-binding secretory protein present in secretions of the bovine udder, was demonstrated to bind to the following staphylococcal species associated with bovine intramammary infections: S. epidermidis, S. warneri, S. hominis, S. xylosus, S. hyicus, and S. chromogenes. The degre... |
2226846 | A one-variable topographical descriptor for the beta-turns of peptides and proteins. | The beta-turn is a common secondary structure in biologically active peptides and globular proteins, where it is widely thought to serve as a molecular recognition site for many biological processes. Although the primary beta-turn recognition requirements are thought to be straightforward, relating mainly to the relati... |
2223820 | Purification and some properties of cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing enzyme from Bacillus sphaericus. | An intracellular cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing enzyme from Bacillus sphaericus E-244 isolated from soil was purified to a homogeneous state by means of Triton X-100 extraction, DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography, hydrophobic and molecular-sieve HPLC. The enzyme was estimated to have an Mr of 72,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfa... |
2220807 | Phenotypic heterogeneity in osteogenesis imperfecta: the mildly affected mother of a proband with a lethal variant has the same mutation substituting cysteine for alpha 1-glycine 904 in a type I procollagen gene (COL1A1). | A proband with a lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) has been shown to have, in one allele in a gene for type I procollagen (COL1A1), a single base mutation that converted the codon for alpha 1-glycine 904 to a codon for cysteine. The mutation caused the synthesis of type I procollagen that was posttranslati... |
2216754 | Structural and thermodynamic studies on the adenine.guanine mismatch in B-DNA. | The structure of the synthetic dodecamer d(CGCAAATTGGCG) has been shown by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods to be that of a B-DNA helix containing two A(anti).G(syn) base pairs. The refinement, based on data to a resolution of 2.25 A shows that the mismatch base pairs are held together by two hydrogen bonds. Th... |
1698857 | An idiotype shared by monoclonal antibodies to different peptides of human myelin basic protein. | A mAb of the IgG1/kappa isotype was raised against human myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide acetyl 1-9. This mAb, termed F23, reacted with human MBP and human MBP peptides acetyl 1-9, 1-14, and 1-44, but not with MBP peptides 10-19, 80-89, or 45-89. According to the guidelines of the molecular recognition theory, a com... |
1698791 | A Dictyostelium mutant lacking an F-actin cross-linking protein, the 120-kD gelation factor. | Actin-binding proteins are known to regulate in vitro the assembly of actin into supramolecular structures, but evidence for their activities in living nonmuscle cells is scarce. Amebae of Dictyostelium discoideum are nonmuscle cells in which mutants defective in several actin-binding proteins have been described. Here... |
1698770 | A pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein mediates some aspects of insulin action in BC3H-1 murine myocytes. | The involvement of G-proteins in the insulin signal transduction system has been studied in detail using the murine BC3H-1 myocyte system. Pertussis toxin (PT) treatment, previously shown to attenuate some of the metabolic effects of insulin in this cell line (Luttrell, L.M., Hewlett, E.L., Romero, G., and Rogol, A.D. ... |
2120199 | Functional expression of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent DNA photolyase from Anacystis nidulans in Streptomyces coelicolor. | The gene encoding Anacystis nidulans 5-deazaflavin-dependent photolyase (phr) was inserted into the Streptomyces vector pIJ385 to form a transcriptional fusion with the neomycin resistance (aph) gene. The resulting plasmid, pANPL, was introduced into Streptomyces coelicolor, a host which exhibits no detectable photolya... |
2211521 | Genetic and sequence analysis of an 8.7-kilobase Pseudomonas denitrificans fragment carrying eight genes involved in transformation of precorrin-2 to cobyrinic acid. | A 8.7-kilobase DNA fragment carrying Pseudomonas denitrificans cob genes has been sequenced. The nucleotide sequence and the genetic analysis revealed that this fragment carries eight different cob genes (cobF to cobM). Six of these genes have the characteristics of translationally coupled genes. cobI has been identifi... |
2211520 | Nucleotide sequence of a Pseudomonas denitrificans 5.4-kilobase DNA fragment containing five cob genes and identification of structural genes encoding S-adenosyl-L-methionine: uroporphyrinogen III methyltransferase and cobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthase. | A 5.4-kilobase DNA fragment carrying Pseudomonas denitrificans cob genes has been sequenced. The nucleotide sequence and genetic analysis revealed that this fragment carries five different cob genes (cobA to cobE). Four of these genes present the characteristics of translationally coupled genes. cobA has been identifie... |
2120191 | Involvement of the histidine protein (HPr) of the phosphotransferase system in chemotactic signaling of Escherichia coli K-12. | It is known that in mutants of Escherichia coli lacking the histidine protein (HPr) of the carbohydrate: phosphotransferase system, all substrates of the system can be taken up in the presence of the fructose-regulated HPr-like protein FPr (gene fruF). Although this protein fully substituted for HPr in transport and ph... |
1698613 | SV40 T antigen binds directly to the large subunit of purified DNA polymerase alpha. | Purified SV40 large T antigen and purified DNA polymerase alpha-primase form a complex detectable by ELISA and by a modified immunoblotting technique. The interaction is specific for the large catalytic subunit of polymerase alpha. The amino terminal 83 amino acids of T antigen are both necessary and sufficient for bin... |
2170021 | A single amino acid substitution within the matrix protein of a type D retrovirus converts its morphogenesis to that of a type C retrovirus. | Two different morphogenic processes of retroviral capsid assembly have been observed: the capsid is either assembled at the plasma membrane during the budding process (type C), or preassembled within the cytoplasm (types B and D). We describe here a gag mutant of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, a type D retrovirus, in which... |
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