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1931126 | Binding of the neuroleptic drug haloperidol to a monoclonal antibody: refinement of the binding site molecular model using canonical structures. | The ligand binding site of a monoclonal antibody (185), which binds the neuroleptic drug haloperidol, has been modelled using canonical structures and energy minimization techniques. This refined modelling protocol has allowed us to predict the variable region loop conformations. Three key residues, H:50(W), H:100a(D) ... |
1657067 | Cell interactions of enkephalin/polypeptide conjugates. | Enkephalin molecules were bound to poly(Lys) (poly-K) or poly(Ala-Lys-Ala-Leu) (poly-A) and their interactions with NG108-15 cells, platelets, erythrocytes and fibroblast cells were investigated. A fluorescent probe, rhodamine, also was bound to the conjugates for monitoring interactions with these cells. Observations ... |
1657066 | Ferredoxin electron transfer site on cytochrome c3. Structural hypothesis of an intramolecular electron transfer pathway within a tetra-heme cytochrome. | To specify electron exchanges involving Desulfovibrio desulfuricans Norway tetra-heme cytochrome c3, the chemical modification of arginine 73 residue, was performed. Biochemical and biophysical studies have shown that the modified cytochrome retains its ability to both interact and act as an electron carrier with its r... |
1718340 | Haplotype specific homology scanning algorithm to predict T-cell epitopes from protein sequences. | We present a homology scanning microcomputer program to predict functional T-cell epitopes within proteins. By taking into account particular human or mouse restriction elements the predictions are made haplotype-specific. The generality of this approach is confirmed by (i) identification of well-characterized immunoge... |
1931125 | Binding mode of azide to ferric Aplysia limacina myoglobin. Crystallographic analysis at 1.9 A resolution. | The binding mode of azide to the ferric form of Aplysia limacina myoglobin has been studied by X-ray crystallography. The three-dimensional structure of the complex has been refined at 1.9 A resolution to a crystallographic R-factor of 13.9%, including 126 ordered solvent molecules. Azide binds to the heme iron, at the... |
1714801 | [Effect of electroacupuncture on the contents of substance P in the nucleus of the solitary tract in rats]. | Six pairs of rats were used in the experiment. The sciatic nerve was stimulated in one of every pair with the electric needle. Then the substance P (SP-like immunoreactive nerve fibers in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) were showed with immunohistochemical technique (ABC METHOD). The other of every pair was as ... |
1872189 | Increasing the solubility characteristics of albendazole with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin. | Albendazole is a veterinary anthelminthic drug with excellent effect. Since it is only slightly soluble in water, it is processed in a suspension dosage form as a drench. The solubility and bioavailability of the pharmacon were successfully increased with cyclodextrin derivatives. |
1651260 | [Aging mechanisms of proteins]. | All the living molecules appear to suffer from the deleterious effects of aging, but the primary mechanisms of this inexorable evolution are still unknown. In the case of proteins, two major types of chemical reactions participate in the aging phenomena: 1) structural transformations induced by the addition of radicals... |
1863670 | [Problems of biochemical organization]. | Biological organization has been defined as a unity of structure, function and regulation. Biological organization of hierarchical multilevel biological systems is represented by a hierarchy of functioning controllable structures. The hierarchy of levels of material organization predetermines the existence of a hierarc... |
1713790 | Copper tetrapyridino 'phthalocyanin' (Cuprolinic blue) differs in shape from the palladium and platinum analogues, and this affects staining of polynucleotides. | Palladium and platinum homologues of the copper-containing tetrapyridinotetraazaporphin cationic dye Cuprolinic blue were prepared. The affinities of all three dyes for a series of polyanions, with and without nucleotide bases, were assessed using the CEC (critical electrolyte concentration) approach, and expressed as ... |
1858482 | Experimental serotonin myopathy as an animal model of muscle degeneration and regeneration in muscular dystrophy. | Degenerating and regenerating muscle fibers, in serotonin-induced myopathy (SM) of rats, were investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically and electron microscopically with polyclonal antibodies against dystrophin, type IV collagen and laminin. The myopathy produced was characterized by grouping of degenerating ... |
1649108 | On the reactions of superoxide with keto enols, aci-reductones and ascorbic acid derivatives. | The superoxide-mediated base catalyzed autoxidation of alpha-oxo enols is initiated by the deprotonation of the labile hydroxyl group. Thus, the reaction of O2-. (generated from KO2/crown ether in aprotic media) with 3-hydroxycoumarin (1), followed by a CH3I-workup, generates products 2-4 via a deprotonation-oxidation ... |
2065445 | [Molecular recognition between glycophorin A and Plasmodium falciparum merozoites]. | By using purified human erythrocyte membrane glycophorin A (GPA) and glycopeptide of GPA, antibodies against GPA and against GPA-glycopeptide, and SPA-colloidal gold, Plasmodium falciparum FCC-1/HN merozoites were immunolabeled. The labeled samples were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The TEM pic... |
2064293 | [Prevention of hepatic metastases in radically operated colonic cancers]. | The prognosis of colon cancer, after curative resection, is mainly related to the outcome of metastases, and especially of liver metastases. It is generally accepted that adjuvant medical therapy is important in order to prevent the incidence of metastatic recurrences. The aim of the present review is to analyse the co... |
2060497 | Halothane-induced membrane reorganization monitored by DSC, freeze fracture electron microscopy and 31P-NMR techniques. | The effect of the volatile anaesthetic halothane on the structure and dynamics of lipid multilayers (dimyristoyl- and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, DM- and DP-PC, aqueous dispersions) was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Freeze Fracture Electron Microscopy and solid state phosphorus-31 Nuclear M... |
1367253 | Development of a serum-free and heat-sterilizable medium and continuous high-density cell culture. | We tried to establish a new serum-free and heat-sterilizable medium, based on our serum-free medium in which many lymphoblastoid cells and hybridoma could grow as well as in a conventional serum-containing medium. As is well-known, L-glutamine (L-Gln) is one of the most heat-labile but essential components for cell gro... |
2056446 | [Effect of inclusion complexation of decanoic acid with alpha-cyclodextrin on rectal absorption of cefmetazole sodium suppository in rabbits]. | Inclusion complex of decanoic acid (DA) with alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CyD) was prepared as an additive of cefmetazole sodium (CMZ) suppository and rectally administered to rabbits. The resulting complexation was examined by the phase solubility method, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffractometry. ... |
2050547 | Lectin localization in human nerve by biochemically defined lectin-binding glycoproteins, neoglycoprotein and lectin-specific antibody. | Molecular recognition can be mediated by protein (lectin)-carbohydrate interaction, explaining the interest in this topic. Plant lectins and, more recently, chemically glycosylated neoglycoproteins principally allow to map the occurrence of components of this putative recognition system. Labelled endogenous lectins and... |
2048934 | Candida albicans mycelial wall structure: supramolecular complexes released by zymolyase, chitinase and beta-mercaptoethanol. | Different techniques released from the wall of Candida albicans mycelial cells high molecular weight mannoprotein materials with different levels of complexity. SDS solubilized among others one protein of 180 kDa which reacted with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific of a O-glycosylated protein secreted by regeneratin... |
1828005 | On the role of histidine residues in cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase: chemical modification with diethyl pyrocarbonate. | Ethoxyformylation with diethyl pyrocarbonate of approximately 1.5 His residues per molecule of enzyme reduced the cyclising activity of both the alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Klebsiella pneumoniae strain M 5 al and the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus circulans strain 8 by greater than ... |
2032020 | Determination of the enantiomeric purity of scopolamine isolated from plant extract using achiral/chiral coupled column chromatography. | The optical purity of scopolamine derived from Datura sanguinea was determined using coupled column chromatography. A C18 column was used to separate scopolamine from the additional alkaloids and other biological material present in the vegetal extract. The C18 column was coupled through a six-port switching valve to t... |
1851640 | Proteases and their inhibitors: today and tomorrow. | A major incentive in inhibitor research is that control of limited proteolysis constitutes a valuable pharmacological tool. Protease inhibitors have proved to be successful in influencing pathogenesis in many experimental models but a breakthrough to use in human therapy has mainly been restricted to aprotinin and angi... |
1851302 | In vitro photodynamic inactivation of herpes simplex virus with sapphyrins: 22 pi-electron porphyrin-like macrocycles. | The photodynamic inactivation of HSV-1, a virus having a membranous envelope, with both a decaalkyl sapphyrin and its dicarboxy-substituted analog was studied. The decaalkyl sapphyrin was as efficient in the inactivation of HSV-1 on a per macrocycle basis as DHE, whereas the efficiency of the dicarboxy-substituted sapp... |
2018359 | Erbulozole (P.I.N.N.) (R 55 104) encapsulated into cyclodextrins: has it a combined antitumoral and radioprotective potential? | The clinically applicable formulation of the microtubule inhibitor erbulozole (R 55 104), dissolved into an aqueous hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin solution (designated as R 55 104-CYCLO), exerts a similar effect on growth delay of subcutaneous MO4 fibrosarcomas in mice, with or without 10 Gy gamma-irradiation given lo... |
2015383 | Nanosecond fluorescence microscopy. Emission kinetics of fura-2 in single cells. | A microscope based time-correlated single photon counting instrument has been constructed to measure fluorescence intensity and emission anisotropy decays from fluorophores in single cells on a nanosecond time scale. The sample is excited and the emission collected using epi-illumination optics with frequency-doubled p... |
2015377 | Molecular areas of phospholipids as determined by 2H NMR spectroscopy. Comparison of phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines. | The role of lipid diversity in biomembranes is one of the major unsolved problems in biochemistry. One parameter of possible importance is the mean cross-sectional area occupied per lipid molecule, which may be related to formation of nonbilayer structures and membrane protein function. We have used 2H NMR spectroscopy... |
2014215 | The effect of parenterally administered cyclodextrins on cholesterol levels in the rat. | The inclusion complex formation of intravenously administered hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and beta-cyclodextrin with endogenous lipids was studied. We tested the hypothesis that complex formation of endogenous cholesterol with cyclodextrins in the bloodstream leads to extraction of cholesterol from the large lipopr... |
2014164 | Promoters with the octamer DNA motif (ATGCAAAT) can be ubiquitous or cell type-specific depending on binding affinity of the octamer site and Oct-factor concentration. | Immunoglobulin (Ig) gene promoters contain the octamer sequence motif ATGCAAAT which is recognized by cellular transcription factors (Oct factors). Besides the ubiquitous Oct-1 factor, there is also a group of related factors (Oct-2 factors) encoded by a separate gene. The Oct-2 gene is regulated in a cell-type specifi... |
1849574 | Inclusion complex of 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate with beta-cyclodextrin. | The interaction of 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate with beta-cyclodextrin was investigated in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Utilizing the fact that the fluorescence intensity of 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate increases in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin, the thermodynamic para... |
2013109 | Chromosome fiber dynamics and congression oscillations in metaphase PtK2 cells at 23 degrees C. | A bioriented chromosome is tethered to opposite spindle poles during congression by bundles of kinetochore microtubules (kMts). At room temperature, kinetochore fibers are a dominant component of mitotic spindles of PtK2 cells. PtK2 cells at room temperature were injected with purified tubulin covalently bound to DTAF ... |
2007609 | Augmentation of murine lymphokine-activated killer cell cytotoxicity by beta-cyclodextrin-benzaldehyde. | We investigated the effect of beta-cyclodextrin-benzaldehyde (CDBA) on lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity of spleen cells from normal or RCT(+)H-2(+)-sarcoma-bearing C3H/He mice. CDBA augmented the induction of LAK cytotoxicity in vitro against RCT(+)H-2+ tumor cells by IL-2, whereas the culture with CDBA ... |
1672507 | Potentiation of growth suppression and modulation of the antigenic phenotype in human melanoma cells by the combination of recombinant human fibroblast and immune interferons. | Administration of interferon as a single therapeutic regimen in cancer patients with various neoplasias has had only limited efficacy in ameliorating the negative clinical course of their disease. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of recombinant human fibroblast (IFN beta) and immune (IFN gamma) interf... |
1992169 | Is the hydrophobic effect stabilizing or destabilizing in proteins? The contribution of disulphide bonds to protein stability. | It has been recently concluded that the hydrophobic effect, hitherto regarded as a major driving force in the folding of proteins, destabilizes the folded state relative to the unfolded state. We summarize the properties of the hydrophobic effect obtained from solvent transfer experiments and show that the recent concl... |
1703620 | The utility of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin as a vehicle for the intracerebral and intrathecal administration of drugs. | The substituted glucopyranose ring structure 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CDEX) increases the solubility of molecules by inclusion of the agent in the lipophilic interior of the ring. This property is of particular use for the administration of molecules by the intracerebral (ICV) or intrathecal (IT) routes. In c... |
1989674 | Detection and characterization of intermediates in the folding of large proteins by the use of genetically inserted tryptophan probes. | L-Lactate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus was rebuilt by using site-directed mutagenesis to produce an enzymically active, tryptophan-less enzyme by replacing all the wild-type tryptophans (80, 150, and 203) by tyrosines. Nine single tryptophan-containing active enzymes were constructed from this enzyme ... |
1989669 | Photosensitising potency of structural analogues of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) in a mouse tumour model. | The in vivo characteristics of four analogues of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) have been investigated. Biodistribution data obtained in DBA/2J mice with BPD-MA (monoacid ring A analogue) which had been tritiated or internally labelled with 14C showed that both labelled materials acted in an essentially identical mann... |
1846552 | Aberrant DNA topoisomerase II activity, radioresistance and inherited susceptibility to cancer. | Inherited susceptibility to a wide variety of neoplasias (Li-Fraumeni syndrome), has been shown in studies of one cancer-prone family, to have an intriguing association with an aberrant c-raf-1 gene and inheritance of a radioresistant phenotype in their non-cancerous skin fibroblasts. This association together with obs... |
1989613 | P460 of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase of Nitrosomonas europaea: Soret resonance Raman evidence for a novel heme-like structure. | P460, an iron-containing chromophore at the active site of Hydroxylamine Oxidoreductase of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea, is a macrocycle of unknown structure with a Soret-like 460-nm absorption band in the ferrous form. The pigment can also be isolated in a peptide, "P460-Fragment". Resonance R... |
1899141 | Envelope glycoproteins from biologically diverse isolates of immunodeficiency viruses have widely different affinities for CD4. | The envelope glycoprotein gp120 of primate immunodeficiency viruses initiates viral attachment to CD4+ cells by binding to the CD4 antigen on host cell surfaces. However, among different CD4+ cell types, different viruses display distinct host cell ranges and cytopathicities. Determinants for both of these biological p... |
1988938 | Conversion of 6-substituted tetrahydropterins to 7-isomers via phenylalanine hydroxylase-generated intermediates. | A new variant form of hyperphenylalaninemia has recently been discovered in which the patients characteristically excrete 7-biopterin in their urines in addition to the natural 6-biopterin (Curtius, H. Ch., Kuster, T., Matasovic, A., Blau, N. & Dhondt, J.-L. (1988) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 153, 715-721). This iso... |
1988458 | Vaults. III. Vault ribonucleoprotein particles open into flower-like structures with octagonal symmetry. | The structure of rat liver vault ribonucleoprotein particles was examined using several different staining techniques in conjunction with EM and digestion with hydrolytic enzymes. Quantitative scanning transmission EM demonstrates that each vault particle has a total mass of 12.9 +/- 1 MD and contains two centers of ma... |
1846370 | Developmental regulation of Drosophila DNA topoisomerase II. | Affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies were used to quantitate steady-state levels of DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) throughout Drosophila development. Although wide fluctuations were recorded at different stages, these fluctuations were paralleled by changes in levels of the nuclear lamin, a nuclear structural protei... |
1988441 | Monomer-tetramer equilibrium of the Escherichia coli ssb-1 mutant single strand binding protein. | The Escherichia coli single strand binding (SSB) protein is an essential protein required for DNA replication and involved in recombination and a number of repair processes. It is a stable homotetramer in solution; however the ssb-1 mutation (His-55 to Tyr) destabilizes the tetramer with respect to monomers and this de... |
1824818 | Effects of phospholipids on the function of (Ca2(+)-Mg2+)-ATPase. | The ATPase activity for the (Ca2(+)-Mg2+)-ATPase purified from rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum is lower when reconstituted into bilayers of dimyristoleoylphosphatidylcholine [(C14:1)PC] than when it is reconstituted into dioleoylphosphatidylcholine [(C18:1)PC]. The rate of formation of phosphoenzyme on ad... |
1702904 | Chemistry and biology of the immunophilins and their immunosuppressive ligands. | Cyclosporin A, FK506, and rapamycin are inhibitors of specific signal transduction pathways that lead to T lymphocyte activation. These immunosuppressive agents bind with high affinity to cytoplasmic receptors termed immunophilins (immunosuppressant binding proteins). Studies in this area have focused on the structural... |
1846173 | t-[35S]butylbicyclophosphorothionate binding under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions: differential effects of barbiturates and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the long-sleep and short-sleep selected mouse lines. | Significant differences were demonstrated between the long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) selected mouse lines in the abilities of barbiturates and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to inhibit t-[35S]butylbicyclophosphorothionate [( 35S]TBPS) binding to well-washed cerebral cortical membranes. Thus, using phenobarbital t... |
1987295 | Oriented structure in human stratum corneum revealed by X-ray diffraction. | Various types of human stratum corneum (sheets or callus) were exposed, in parallel and perpendicular geometry, to the high flux of X rays produced by a synchrotron radiation source. Under these conditions, very clear and rich diffraction patterns, corresponding to the supramolecular organization of stratum corneum pro... |
1987134 | The binding of cyclic AMP receptor protein to two lactose promoter sites is not cooperative in vitro. | The lactose promoter-operator region of Escherichia coli contains two binding sites for cyclic AMP receptor protein (CAP), two for the lactose repressor, and two for RNA polymerase. The high density of binding sites makes cooperative interactions between these proteins likely. In this study, we used the gel electrophor... |
1987021 | Adherence of Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis to Streptococcus sanguis in vitro. | Intergeneric bacterial adherence is responsible for the complexity of the microbiota in human dental plaque and is believed to enable some extraneous bacteria to initially colonize the human oral cavity. Some current evidence indicates that Streptococcus sanguis, an early colonizer of teeth, enhances subsequent coloniz... |
1986368 | Enzymatic aminoacylation of single-stranded RNA with an RNA cofactor. | A chemically synthesized single-stranded ribonucleotide tridecamer derived from the 3' end of Escherichia coli alanine tRNA can be charged with alanine in the presence of short complementary RNA oligonucleotides that form duplexes with the 3' fragment. Complementary 5' oligomers of 9, 8, 6, and 4 nucleotides all confer... |
1986227 | Differential compartmentalization of plasmid DNA microinjected into Xenopus laevis embryos relates to replication efficiency. | Circular plasmid DNA molecules and linear concatemers formed from the same plasmid exhibit strikingly different fates following microinjection into Xenopus laevis embryos. In this report, we prove quantitatively that only a minority of small, circular DNA molecules were replicated (mean = 14%) from fertilization throug... |
1986215 | Tumor suppressor p53: analysis of wild-type and mutant p53 complexes. | It has been suggested that the dominant effect of mutant p53 on tumor progression may reflect the mutant protein binding to wild-type p53, with inactivation of suppressor function. To date, evidence for wild-type/mutant p53 complexes involves p53 from different species. To investigate wild-type/mutant p53 complexes in ... |
1986136 | Risk factors for multiorgan failure: a case-control study. | The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with Multiple Organ Failure (MOF), and assess possible interactions between the risk factors identified as such. We studied 40 MOF cases and 120 controls, out of all the surgery and trauma patients who needed intensive care at our institution in a 24-month period... |
1898724 | Purification and characterization of the glycogen-bound protein phosphatase from rat liver. | Glycogen-bound protein phosphatase G from rat liver was transferred from glycogen to beta-cyclodextrin (cycloheptaamylose) linked to Sepharose 6B. After removal of the catalytic subunit and of contaminating proteins with 2 M NaCl, elution with beta-cyclodextrin yielded a single protein on native polyacrylamide gel elec... |
1845898 | Determinants of retrovirus gene expression in embryonal carcinoma cells. | The expression of Moloney murine leukemia virus is restricted in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. To characterize specific mutations necessary for expression of retroviruses in EC cells, we analyzed the expression of retrovirus mutants and recombinants thereof in EC cell lines F9 and PCC4. DNA sequence comparison and fu... |
1845896 | A single-amino-acid substitution in polyomavirus VP1 correlates with plaque size and hemagglutination behavior. | The plaque size and hemagglutination characteristics of five cloned wild-type strains of polyomavirus were determined. The strains fell into two groups, those with large or small plaques, each with distinctive hemagglutination behavior at different temperatures and pHs. The nucleotide sequence of VP1, the major capsid ... |
1670638 | Polymorphic structure of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus: an NcoI polymorphism in the first intron of the human TNF-beta gene correlates with a variant amino acid in position 26 and a reduced level of TNF-beta production. | Since a dysregulated synthesis of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, it was of interest to precisely locate the recently reported NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the TNF-alpha region. However, by mapping of 56.8 kb of overlapping c... |
1702101 | Preferential expression of human Fc gamma RIIIPMN (CD16) in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Discordant expression of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-linked proteins. | The isoform of Fc gamma RIII (CD16) expressed on PMN has a GPI membrane anchor, and in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) there is a deficiency in Fc gamma RIII expression on PMN. Contrary to expectation, however, CD16 expression is preserved (albeit at reduced levels) in all affected PNH PMN that completely lac... |
8967771 | Purification and characterization of the extracellular alpha-amylase from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. | The extracellular alpha-amylase (1,4-alpha-D-glucanglucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.1) from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was purified to homogeneity by anion-exchange chromatography (mono Q) and gel filtration (Superose 12). The enzyme had an isoelectric point of 4.7 and a molecular weight of 84,000, as estimated by s... |
1726806 | Mechanisms of molecular recognition of tRNAs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. | Interactions of Escherichia coli isoleucyl- and glutamyl-tRNA synthetases and their cognate tRNAs were analyzed by phosphate-alkylation mapping with N-nitroso-N-ethylurea and/or by 1H-NMR analysis. When E. coli tRNA(Ile) was bound with isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, many of the phosphate groups in the anticodon loop and st... |
1726803 | The molecular recognition mechanism of DNA by bleomycin. | The interaction between the antibiotic bleomycin (BLM) and an oligonucleotide d(CCACCTAGGTGG) was studied by 1H NMR. The DNA oligomer was titrated with BLM-VO(III), which is an 'inactive analogue' of BLM-Fe(II). A marked upfield shift was observed for the T10N3H signal, but no other imino proton signals either shifted ... |
1842041 | Cooperation of Co(III) complex and cyclodextrin for prompt and regioselective hydrolysis of ribonucleoside 2',3'-cyclic monophosphates at pH 7. | 2',3'-Cyclic phosphates of guanosine and adenosine (G greater than p and A greater than p), the simplest intermediates in RNA hydrolysis, are regioselectively and promptly hydrolyzed at pH 7, 30 degrees C by combination of [Co(tme)2(H2O)2]3+ complex and cyclodextrins: tme (1,1,2,2-tetramethylethylenediamine). Both the ... |
1688107 | [The multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS) and septic states]. | The multiple organic failure syndrome (MOFS or MOF) is the result of a hyperergic and chaotic activation of the unspecific immune (inflammatory) system. It may be elicited, either as a consequence of hypodynamic shock phenomena with initial tissular lesions caused by a diseased peripheral vascular bed, characteristic o... |
1668300 | HPLC and 1H-NMR study of chiral recognition in some thromboxane antagonists induced by beta-cyclodextrin. | The interaction of beta-cyclodextrin with a series of structurally related chiral thromboxane antagonists was investigated using NMR and RP-HPLC. HPLC studies used both a cyclodextrin bonded phase (Cyclobond I), and beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive with an achiral C8 column. Many of the compounds exhibited ... |
1822185 | Microcalorimetric investigation of the complexation between 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and amine drugs with the diphenylmethyl functionality. | Solution calorimetry has been employed to evaluate the stability constants and standard-enthalpy changes (delta H degrees) associated with complex formation between 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) and a group of amine compounds having the diphenylmethyl functionality in aqueous solution at 298.15 K. Data... |
1822173 | Effect of cyclodextrins on the chemical stability of mitomycins in alkaline solution. | The effects of cyclodextrins on the chemical stability of several mitomycin antibiotics in an alkaline medium have been investigated. A stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic method was used to determine the overall degradation rate constants. The influence of various parameters such as structural... |
1821648 | Oligonucleotide-directed DNA triple-helix formation: an approach to artificial repressors? | Pyrimidine oligonucleotides exhibit sequence-specific binding to purine sequences in double-helical DNA. Molecular recognition occurs through triple-helix formation, mediated by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding of the pyrimidine strand parallel to the double-helical DNA purine strand. Oligonucleotide-directed DNA triple-heli... |
1820924 | Controlled release of hydrocortisone acetate from dermal bases. | The effect of the complexation with beta-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and polyvinylpyrrolidone on the diffusion kinetics of hydrocortisone acetate through a non porous lipidic membrane was analyzed starting from different dermal bases: a Carbopol gel and lanovaseline. A constant diffusive gradient was ... |
1819512 | Dynamic aspects of cytoskeletal and karyoskeletal intermediate filament systems during the cell cycle. | IF are major cytoskeletal and karyoskeletal components of eukaryotic cells (Steinert and Roop 1988). In numerous instances, their constituent protein subunits have been shown to be substrates for a variety of kinases such as A-kinase, C-kinase, and Ca++/calmodulin kinase (Geisler and Weber 1988; Inagaki et. 1988; Ando ... |
1813716 | [Supplemental infection therapy with i.v. immunoglobulins (polyvalent IgG and Pseudomonas IgG)--results of an observational case study with 163 patients]. | The impact of i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy on the survival of adult septic patients cannot yet be considered either proved or disproved. To define optimal criteria for a large multicenter placebo-controlled trial, a multicenter observational study was carried out in 163 medical and surgical patients exhibiting a ... |
1810525 | Clinical experience in the treatment of dental pain. | Good dental analgesia requires drugs that are endowed with strong and fast activity and that are well tolerated. In addition, optimal analgesia should essentially be of the peripheral type, thereby eliminating the risk of sedation that may cause unpleasant effects on the patient's daily life. Meclofenamic acid is among... |
1806546 | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin: effects on gastrointestinal blood loss and gastric mucosal appearance in healthy men. | Thirty-six healthy men aged 20-31 years took part in a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study to compare the effects of repeated doses of piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin, piroxicam and placebo on faecal blood loss and the endoscopic appearances of gastric and duodenal mucosa. After an initial endoscop... |
1805511 | [Separation of epimers of anisodamine (654-2) with HPLC using chiral additives in the mobile phase]. | The separation of epimers of anisodamine were studied with HPLC using a reversed phase ODS C18 column. Several chiral additives were tried in the mobile phases. d-Camphorsulfonic acid and L-(+)-dibutyl tartrate showed good resolution ability for the separation of the isomers, a pair of epimers of anisodamine were well ... |
1725086 | Short- and long-term effects of combined pre- and postnatal ethanol exposure (three trimester equivalency) on the development of myelin and axons in rat optic nerve. | This study evaluated the effects of a combined gestational and 10 day postnatal alcohol exposure (human three trimester equivalency) on the development of myelin and axons in rat optic nerve. Rats were exposed during gestation via liquid diet, then their artificially reared pups were further exposed for 10 postnatal da... |
1797890 | Theophylline and ethylenediamine pharmacokinetics following administration of aminophylline to septic patients with multiorgan failure. | The pharmacokinetics of theophylline and ethylenediamine were examined in 6 patients with septicaemia and multiorgan failure (MOF). The patients received a bolus injection of 4 mg/kg aminophylline. Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline. The clearance of theophylline was reduced in all our patients r... |
1723855 | The role of fibroblast growth factor in eye lens development. | In this review we have presented evidence that FGF plays an important role in inducing events in lens morphogenesis and growth. Our studies show that FGF stimulates lens epithelial cells in explants to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate into fibers at low, medium, and high concentrations, respectively. This has so... |
1723568 | Virus-host cell interactions in human immunodeficiency virus infections. | The isolate HTLV-IIIB is used by a large number of investigators for a variety of studies. The data shown here emphasize the uniqueness of this isolate with respect to certain biological behaviors, in particular, the ability to infect cells other than T lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes, and the ability to infect ... |
1779600 | Multiple organ failure (MOF) after intestinal operations--a clinical and statistical study of the past 5 years. | Multiple Organ Failure that occurred in 35 cases out of a total of 1498 cases after intestinal surgery were studied by an analysis of the clinical and statistical data from the past 5 years (1984-1988). 1. The incidence of MOF after intestinal surgery was 2.3%. 2. Twenty-eight of MOF resulted from severe infections. 3.... |
1778314 | Production of a safe, potent and immunogenic partially purified acellular pertussis vaccine using simple indigenous techniques. | Partially purified acellular pertussis vaccine was prepared from Bordetella pertussis strains 10536, 134, Tohama and 509 using simple indigenously available techniques. The Stainer-Scholte (SS) medium with methylated-beta-cyclodextrin was the most suitable for production of acellular pertussis vaccine. For preparation ... |
1778312 | Simple and efficient method for clinical isolation of Bordetella pertussis. | Commercially available Amies transport medium with charcoal and three isolation media were tested to assess their efficiency in the clinical isolation of B. pertussis. First, the isolation rates of B. pertussis were compared between direct inoculation of nasopharyngeal specimens and inoculation after being stored in Am... |
1775299 | Topical application of ciclosporin ophthalmic solution containing alpha-cyclodextrin in experimental uveitis. | Ciclosporin (CS) has been shown to be a potent immunosuppressive drug. However, systemic administration of CS has been limited because of its unfavourable side effects. Thus, our attention has been focused on a topical application of CS for ophthalmic diseases. In this study, we examined the influence of a topical appl... |
1768434 | The effects of insulin and basic fibroblast growth factor on fibre differentiation in rat lens epithelial explants. | We have shown that fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) induce epithelial cells throughout lens explants to progressively divide, migrate and differentiate into fibres as the concentration of FGF is increased. We now report the effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 on rat lens epithelial explants, alone or in... |
1766857 | The genetic disorders of the red cell skeleton. | The genetic disorders of the red cell skeleton encompass hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis and an array of ill-defined haemolytic anaemias. Protein chemistry and molecular genetics have illuminated the supramolecular arrangement of the skeleton, the sequence and three-dimensional structure of its prot... |
1722476 | Soluble forms of isobutylmethylxanthine enhance the ocular hypotension induced by catecholamines. | Isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) suspended in 0.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose has been shown to enhance the reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by epinephrine and norepinephrine in rabbits and beagles. In the present study, the effects of two soluble forms of IBMX, i.e. the ethylenediamine salt (IBMX-ED) an... |
1763095 | Diffusion of naproxen in presence of beta-cyclodextrin across a silicone rubber membrane. | The diffusion of Naproxen through a silicone rubber membrane has been studied for four different release systems: solution and suspension both of Naproxen and Naproxen beta-cyclodextrin coprecipitates. Differences in transport between the two forms indicate the existence of an interaction between the acid and beta-cycl... |
1760818 | An overview of radioimmunotherapy. | In reviewing the current state of affairs in radioimmunotherapy the paper focuses on the main difficulties thus far encountered and the procedures designed to avoid or circumvent these problems. The long range beta-emitters 90Y and 188Re have replaced 131I as the isotopes currently receiving most attention for use in r... |
1721873 | Patterns of reinnervation of denervated cerebral arteries by sympathetic nerve fibers after unilateral ganglionectomy in rats. | In order to clarify the manner in which previously denervated cerebral arteries become reinnervated after unilateral excision of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG), we observed directly the reinnervating sympathetic nerve fibers originating in the contralateral SCG by using anterograde labeling with wheat germ aggulu... |
28184103 | New Chemical and Stereochemical Applications of Organoiron Complexes. | The objective of this review is to provide a current overview of the rapidly developing chemistry of organometallic complexes and particularly organoiron complexes useful in asymmetric and stereoselective reactions. Also covered are stereoselective reactions of α, β-unsaturated acyl ligands bound to the chiral auxiliar... |
27867221 | Molecular Recognition by Circular Oligonucleotides. Strong Binding of Single-stranded DNA and RNA. | Pyrimidine-rich circular DNA oligonucleotides <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> display very high binding affinities for complementary DNA and RNA oligomers by forming bimolecular triple helical complexes. |
24424863 | Involvement of the cell wall ofNocardia restricta on the bioconversions of steroid sapogenins. | The bioconversion of tigogenin, (25R)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol byNocardia restricta to (25R)-4-spirosten-3-one and (25R)-1,4-spirostadien-3-one was strongly increased using protoplasts instead of intact cells. The same effect could be achieved by addingβ-cyclodextrin to the medium. Since 5β-steroid sapogenins pass through th... |
22451746 | Clinical significance and characterization of AZT-resistant strains of HIV-1. | A number of laboratories have now independently confirmed that zidovudine (AZT)-resistant strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be isolated from patients undergoing prolonged therapy with this drug. In certain instances, such drug-resistant viral isolates have been obtained from patients with clini... |
22359045 | Development of a serum-free and heat-sterilizable medium and continuous high-density cell culture. | We tried to establish a new serum-free and heat-sterilizable medium, based on our serum-free medium in which many lymphoblastoid cells and hybridoma could grow as well as in a conventional serum-containing medium.As is well-known, L-glutamine (L-Gln) is one of the most heat-labile but essential components for cell grow... |
1746221 | Are Ranvier's nodes artifacts by preparation? | To avoid artifacts, native nerve fibers were investigated by phase contrast light microscopy. It was shown that Ranvier's nodes cannot be seen. At the sites at which they can be produced by thermal and chemical effects, a tight joint of the tube ends of the 'internodes' inverted to the inside are to be found. Some stru... |
1743986 | Strategies for enhancement of radioimmunotherapy. | Two new strategies for increasing tumor uptake have been investigated. First the effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on tumor uptake of 125I-Lym-1 antibody in nude mice was investigated. Secondly, the use of 67Cu-labeled Lym-1 was evaluated in patients. In nude mice implanted with Raji human lymphoma, a greater than 2-fold ... |
1742166 | The asymmetric hydroformylation in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. | The asymmetric hydroformylation reaction represents a potential powerful synthetic tool for the preparation of large number of different chiral products to be used as precursors of several organic compounds endowed with therapeutic activity. Essential and nonessential amino acids, 2-arylpropanoic acids, aryloxypropyl- ... |
1959452 | Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of antibody-antigen interactions. | NMR is a useful method for studying antibody-antigen interactions in solution but the large size of the molecules makes interpretation of the data difficult. Multinuclear NMR and a family of switch variant antibodies and their proteolytic fragments are used to circumvent this problem and investigate the process of mole... |
1950791 | Tachykinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivities and mRNAs in the mammalian enteric nervous system and sensory ganglia. | Tachykinins and CGRP label two distinct populations of neurons innervating the digestive system: intrinsic and extrinsic, afferents. The bulk of SP/tachykinin innervation originates from intrinsic neurons, even though a minor component of this innervation derives from afferent neurons, which are mostly located in dorsa... |
1949053 | A new method for delivering alkanes to mammalian cells: preparation and preliminary characterization of an inclusion complex between beta-cyclodextrin and pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane). | Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) is an isoalkane which induces plasma cell tumorigenesis in genetically susceptible strains of mice. Attempts to study the biological activity of pristane on cells in vitro have been hindered by the extreme hydrophobicity and hence complete immiscibility of the compound in aqu... |
1657831 | A PAC study of the binding of 111In to a monoclonal antibody via the macrocyclic molecule 1,4,7-triazacyclononanetriacetic acid. | Time integral and time differential PAC measurements have been made from samples of 111In bound to the functionalized 9N3 macrocycle, and 111In bound to the monoclonal antibody AUA1 via the macrocycle, over the temperature range 80-350 K. Values obtained for the integrated perturbation coefficient G22 (infinity) clearl... |
1935429 | Clefts as receptor and enzyme analogues. | Synthetic receptors for small biological targets have become a popular research topic in molecular recognition. This paper discusses the optimal functional group complements and the scaffolds that are ideal for such purposes. Specifically, remote steric barriers are used to control the conformation of (that is, to preo... |
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