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Classifying biological entities in terms of species and taxa is an important endeavor in biology. But even though many statements within current biomedical ontologies are indeed taxon-dependent, no standard way exists to properly introduce taxon or species information into current ontological architectures. Therefore w... |
The Family History Ontology formalizes nursing conceptualization about family and family history. Traditional methods of instance testing were applied to evaluate the completeness of the ontology and demonstrated favorable domain coverage. Testing also revealed a need for a new category of instance test results, "by in... |
OWL, the Web Ontology Language, provides syntax and semantics for representing knowledge for the semantic web. Many of the constructs of OWL have a basis in the field of description logics. While the formal underpinnings of description logics have lead to a highly computable language, it has come at a cognitive cost. O... |
The semiotic web for translational medicine generalizes the concept of the semantic web. We present the functions of the semiotic web as a simple ontology with three dimensions, namely: (a) the four steps of semiotics, (b) the two processes in semiotics, and (c) the four types of research. The resulting 32 combinations... |
The broadly defined mission of the Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN, www.nbirn.net) is to better understand the causes human disease and the specific ways in which animal models inform that understanding. To construct the community-wide infrastructure for gathering, organizing and managing this knowledge, ... |
The Open Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry is a coordinated community-wide effort to develop ontologies that support the annotation and integration of scientific data. In work supported by the National Database of Autism Research (NDAR), we are developing an ontology of autism that extends the ontologies available in... |
The Empirical Proteomic Ontology Knowledge Base (EPO-KB) is an online database that represents current knowledge of biomarkers and contains associations between mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios of mass-spectrometry peaks to proteins. Such a database is a useful tool for identifying putative proteins associated with a m/z ra... |
The semantic web provides the possiblity of linking together large numbers of biomedical ontologies. Unfortunately, many of the biomedical ontologies that have been developed are domain-specific and do not share a common structure that will allow them to be easily combined. Reference ontologies provide the necessary on... |
Semantic-similarity measures quantify concept similarities in a given ontology. Potential applications for these measures include search, data mining, and knowledge discovery in database or decision-support systems that utilize ontologies. To date, there have not been comparisons of the different semantic-similarity ap... |
For many years, oxidative thiol modifications in cytosolic proteins were largely disregarded as in vitro artifacts, and considered unlikely to play significant roles within the reducing environment of the cell. Recent developments in in vivo thiol trapping technology combined with mass spectrometric analysis have now p... |
We recently reported that the antineoplastic thiodioxopiperazine natural product chaetocin potently induces cellular oxidative stress, thus selectively killing cancer cells. In pursuit of underlying molecular mechanisms, we now report that chaetocin is a competitive and selective substrate for the oxidative stress miti... |
In this study, we examined the levels of leptin and OB-Rb protein expression in the discrete areas of the porcine hypothalamus (mediobasal hypothalamus--MBH, pre-optic area--POA, stalk median eminence--SME) during mid- and late-luteal phases of the oestrous cycle (days 10-12 and 14-16) as well as two stages of pregnanc... |
To study the alteration in cortex protein fingerprinting of cerebral cortex after closed brain injury in rat. |
To investigate the protective effect on neurons and glial cells against hypoxia/ reoxygenation injury with recombinant heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) induced by adenovirus. |
In this perspective, I discuss the complex interplay between GC signaling and the kinome that ultimately determines the cell fate after GC treatment. Apoptosis ensues when the cell express sufficient levels of GR and Bim together with a kinome favoring GSK3 activation. Protein kinases that prevent Bim up-regulation and... |
The ovarian serous papillary adenocarcinoma cell line SKOV3 and its subclones SKOV3-pm2 and SKOV3-pm3 are cell models to investigate the molecular mechanism of invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancers. This study was to screen differentially expressed proteins between ovarian carcinoma cell lines with directional (SK... |
Invasion of erythrocytes is a prerequisite in the life history of the malaria parasite. Members of the reticulocyte-binding homologue family (PfRh) have been implicated in the invasion process and in some cases have been shown to act as adhesins, binding to specific receptors on the erythrocyte surface. We have identif... |
Sodium proton exchangers (NHEs) constitute a large family of polytopic membrane protein transporters found in organisms across all domains of life. They are responsible for the exchange of protons for sodium ions. In archaea, bacteria, yeast and plants they provide increased salt tolerance by removing sodium in exchang... |
The aim of the present study is to determine and correlate adiponectin, homocysteine, nitric oxide, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation levels in untreated patients with essential hypertension and healthy individuals. A total of 36 individuals, 23 untreated patients with essential hypertension and 13 healthy individua... |
Platinum emitted by automotive catalyst converters mainly exists in the metallic form, which is not bioavailable. Several investigations showed that finely dispersed metallic platinum is dissolved in organic matrices to a significantly high degree. In an exclusion experiment, observations were made as to whether the tr... |
Possible mechanisms to explain endocrine effects on reproduction and sex differentiation are presented for selected pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, industrial chemicals and plant sterols which are known to be present in the aquatic environment. Disruptions of the hormonal coordination can be induced by xenobiotics on v... |
We recently showed that estrogen withdrawal from the ERalpha(+), high Bcl-2-expressing breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7B) reduced Bcl-2 protein levels while increasing cell-cell adhesion, and junction formation. Here we compared these cells with the ERalpha(+) and low Bcl-2-expressing MCF-7 cells and with the normal mamma... |
A new type of automobile catalyst based on an active Pd/Rh-layer is presently being introduced into the European market. Accordingly, in order to establish baseline information, this work attempts to assess the magnitude of Pd emissions by automobile catalysts to date. Thus, a survey is presented on Pd and Pt levels de... |
Analysis of multidrug resistant cell lines has led to the identification of the P-glycoprotein multigene family. Two of the three classes of mammalian P-glycoproteins have the ability to confer cellular resistance to a broad range of structurally and functionally diverse cytotoxic agents. P-glycoproteins are integral m... |
Studies were conducted to examine the functional role of the nucleotide-binding domains of MRP in drug resistance and drug transport in isolated membrane vesicles. In vivo studies were conducted by preparing stable transfectants of HeLa cells with wild-type MRP cDNA or MRP cDNAs which had been mutated at certain nucleo... |
Inherent or acquired resistance of tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs represents a major limitation to the successful chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. During the past three decades dramatic progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular basis of this phenomenon. Analyses of drug-selected tumor cells whic... |
The biological function as well as gene expression of the MRP/GS-X pump is closely linked with cellular GSH metabolism. This article describes two important aspects, i.e., 1) a role of the MRP/GS-X pump in the modulation of cell cycle arrest induced by anticancer prostaglandins; 2) coordinated up-regulation of gamma-gl... |
DNA topoisomerase I is a nuclear enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of the DNA topology by introducing single-strand breaks into the DNA molecule. This enzyme represents a novel and distinct molecule target for cancer therapy by antitopoisomerase drugs belonging to the campthotecin series of antineoplastics. As many... |
Kinetic resistance plays a major role in the failure of chemotherapy towards many solid tumors. Kinetic resistance to cytotoxic drugs can be reproduced in vitro by growing the cells as multicellular spheroids (Multicellular Resistance) or as hyperconfluent cultures (Confluence-Dependent Resistance). Recent findings on ... |
The role of protein kinases in the multidrug resistance phenotype of cancer cell lines is discussed with an emphasis on protein kinase C and protein kinase A. Evidence that P-glycoprotein is phosphorylated by these kinases is summarised and the relationship between P-glycoprotein phosphorylation and the multidrug-resis... |
The occurrence of the multidrug resistance phenotype still represents a limiting factor for successful cancer chemotherapy. Numerous efforts have been made to develop strategies for reversal and/or modulation of this major therapy obstacle through targeting at different levels of intervention. The phenomenon of MDR is ... |
The emergence of resistance in a tumor population is most often associated with a disregulation of gene expression, usually at the level of transcription. A major goal in the field of cancer chemotherapy is to define the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of drug resistance genes in an effort to identify ... |
The extracellular domain of human parathyroid Ca(2+) receptor was needed in order to study itsstructure and clinical application. The Ca(2+)receptor is a unique member of the G protein-coupledreceptor super-family, expressed in parathyroid andkidney cells where it has been shown to play acritical role in extracellular ... |
Technical limitations and evolution of therapeuticapplications for cell culture-derived products haveaccelerated elimination of animal-derived constituentsto minimize inadvertent introduction of adventitiousviral or prion agents. Practical considerationsdemand adequate emphasis both on design of theserum-free/protein-f... |
ADG cell line was established from an abalonedigestive gland and previously characterized. ADGcells have the potential to grow in protein-freeculture and secrete l3 types of glycosidases. Inthis article, we determined the origin of ADG cell line,using electron microscopy, and purified a glycosidasesecreted by these cel... |
C2C12 is a myoblast cell line which is used to studydifferentiation into multinucleated cells in vitro. Addition of calpain inhibitors, calpeptin orE-64d, to the culture medium prevented the myoblasticfusion of C2C12 cells. Immunoblot studies usingaffinity-purified antibody, revealed that the expressedlevels of mouse c... |
Mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL), an extracellularglycolipid from yeast, induces the differentiation ofHL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells towardsgranulocytes. We show here that MEL is also a potentinhibitor of the proliferation of mouse melanoma B16cells. Flow-cytometric analysis of the cell cycle ofMEL-treated B16 cells... |
The use of the gadd153promoter to induce expression of a reporter geneunder heat stress conditions was investigated,since the results of previous studies have suggestedthat the gadd153promoter is likely to be activated by the indirecteffects of hyperthermia, that is, by DNA damage thatoccurs when reactive oxygen specie... |
We investigated the effect of cell adhesion on cellgrowth and productivity of recombinant protein inChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Cells cultured innormal tissue culture dishes attached to the dishsurfaces and grew as a monolayer, while cells culturedin non-treated dishes proliferated in suspension assingle cells w... |
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are able to self-replicate and differentiate into a variety of cell types including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and muscle cells. It was reported that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) increased the growth rate and multidifferentiation potentials of hM... |
Multiwall carbon nanotube templates formed on the surfaces of planar interdigitated microelectrode arrays by means of AC electric field-guided assembly are being explored as potential substrates for tissue engineering. The objective of the present study is to examine whether surface patterns of aligned multiwall carbon... |
We used DNA transfection and protein introduction techniques to investigate the pressure tolerance of cytoskeletal structures in pectoral fin cells derived from the deep-sea fish Simenchelys parasiticus (habitat depth, 366-2,630 m). The deep-sea fish cells have G418 resistance. The cell number increased until day 6 of ... |
Protein delivery represents a powerful tool for experiments in live cells including studies of protein-protein interactions, protein interference with blocking antibodies, intracellular trafficking and protein or peptide biological functions. Most available reagents dedicated to the protein delivery allow efficient cro... |
Tumor growth and metastasis depend on vessel formation, and inhibition of angiogenesis of tumor by production of anti-angiogenic drugs should be a promising approach for cancer therapy. Tumstatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor. The anti-angiogenic activity of tumstatin is localized to the 54-132 amino acids. The gene fra... |
We have developed a generic transient transfection process at 100 L scale, using HEK293-EBNA cells and PEI as the transfection reagent for the production of recombinant IgG. The process, including large-scale plasmid preparation, expression at bioreactor scale, capture, purification and, if necessary, endotoxin removal... |
Aim We studied the role of mini-TyrRS and mini-TrpRS in angiogenesis by using small interfering RNA-mediated mini-TyrRS/mini-TrpRS knockout in hypoxic culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods SiRNA was used as the main method to inhibited the gene function. Silencing efficiency was assayed by real-tim... |
Transient gene expression is frequently used in industry to rapidly generate usable quantities of a protein from cultured cells. In gene therapy applications it is used to express a therapeutic protein in vivo. A quantitative assessment of the expression kinetics is important because it enables optimization and control... |
The necessity to perform serum-free cultures to produce recombinant glycoproteins generally requires an adaptation procedure of the cell line to new environmental conditions, which may therefore induce quantitative and qualitative effects on the product, particularly on its glycosylation. In previous studies, desialyla... |
A Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO1-15(500), producing recombinant human tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) via the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) amplification system, was studied in batch culture. In this system both DHFR and tPA are under the control of the strong constitutive viral SV40 early promoter. Emp... |
Astrocytes constitute a major class of glial cells in the CNS, and play crucial roles in physiological functioning, performance and maintenance of the CNS, as well as promotion of neuronal migration and maturation. Astrocytes have also been directly and indirectly implicated in the pathophysiology of various trauma occ... |
The UFL-AG-286 cell line, established from embryonic tissue of the lepidopteran insect Anticarsia gemmatalis, has been identified as a good candidate to be used as a cellular substrate in the development of a process for in vitro production of the Anticarsia gemmatalis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, a baculovirus wi... |
Chicken lysozyme is highly expressed in the oviduct. The 5' regulatory region of this gene contains a negative element that represses transcription. To assess the molecular basis underlying the regulation of lysozyme gene expression, we investigated the binding protein to this region. Sequence motif analysis suggested ... |
We previously isolated an analog to chlorophyll-related compounds, pheophytin a, from the marine brown alga Sargassum fulvellum and demonstrated that it is a neurodifferentiation compound. In the current study, we investigated the effects of the pheophytin a analog vitamin B(12) on PC12 cell differentiation. In the pre... |
Recombinant adenoviruses (Ad) are being explored as promising delivery systems for gene therapy and vaccination. However, there is a concern about the possibility of generating replication-competent adenoviruses (RCA) using the human embryonic kidney 293 cell line. We have constructed a new cell line named the UR cell ... |
Recombinant CHO cell lines have integrated the expression vectors in various parts of the genome leading to different levels of gene amplification, productivity and stability of protein expression. Identification of insertion sites where gene amplification is possible and the transcription rate is high may lead to syst... |
To elucidate the metabolic characteristics of recombinant CHO cells expressing glutamine synthetase (GS) in the medium with or without glutamine, the concentrations of extra- and intracellular metabolites and the activities of key metabolic enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism pathway were determined. In the absenc... |
Insect cell lines have been widely used in recombinant baculovirus expression systems and transient gene expression studies. Critical to these applications have been the transfection of foreign DNA. This has been frequently done using labor intensive and cytotoxic liposome-based transfection reagents. In the current st... |
Although various gene delivery techniques are available, their application in zebrafish cell cultures has not been extensively studied. Here, we report that nucleofection of zebrafish primary embryonic fibroblasts results in higher transfection efficiency in comparison to other non-viral gene delivery methods. The tran... |
Preparation of isolated cells and microorganisms for ultrastructural examination always provides a challenge in terms of adequate immobilization of the cells and prevention of subsequent sample loss and damage during various steps of sample processing. Using a positively charged nylon membrane substrate we demonstrate ... |
We describe a carrier with some unusual properties."Cellrafts" increase yields from adherent cells in conventional static T150 flasks, by floating multilayer strips of transparent film at the oxygen-rich surface of unstirred medium. This new technique allowed microscopic inspection of cell growth inside the carriers du... |
The ectopic expression of several members of the Bcl-2 family of anti-apoptotic proteins is a promising strategy to improve the viability of hybridoma cells in culture. However, the impact of post-translational modifications on the function of these proteins in murine hybridomas is unknown. To address this issue, the a... |
Consistent perfusion culture production requires reliable cell retention and control of feed rates. An on-line cell probe based on capacitance was used to assay viable biomass concentrations. A constant cell specific perfusion rate controlled medium feed rates with a bioreactor cell concentration of approximately 5 x 1... |
A transient transfection process was established using a novel 'in-house' developed transfection reagent, Ro-1539. It allows rapid production of large quantities of various recombinant proteins. Here we describe the transient expression of the secreted human placental alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) by HEK293EBNA and CHO c... |
The Baculovirus Expression Vector System has become widely used for the production of recombinant proteins for research and diagnostics. Serum-free culture media able to support high cell densities have been developed for the large scale culture of insect cells. While serum elimination aims at avoiding the risks associ... |
We have isolated a cardiomyogenic cell line (CMG cell) from murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The cells showed a fibroblast-like morphology, but the morphology changed after 5-azacytidine exposure. They began spontaneous beating after 2 weeks, and expressed ANP and BNP. Electron microscopy revealed a cardiomyo... |
Glutamic acid was found to be growth inhibitory to a murinelymphocyte hybridoma in a concentration-dependent manner from 3to 12 mM glutamate. At 12 mM glutamate there was a 70% decreasein the specific growth rate of the cells. Attempts to alleviateinhibition or adapt cells to growth in glutamate-based mediawere unsucce... |
Using multicistronic expression technology we generated a stable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line (MG12) expressing a model secreted heterologous glycoprotein, the secreted form of the human placental alkaline phosphatase (SEAP), and bcl-2, best known as an apoptosis inhibitor, in a tetracycline-repressible dicist... |
The usefulness of host range expanded viruses as an expressionvector system was investigated by following the expression ofthe E. coli lacZ gene. The host range expanded recombinantviruses were obtained from Sf-21 or BmN-4 cells coinfected withAutographa californica and Bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosis viruses. Among th... |
Expression of c-jun gene induces apoptosis ofcells cultured in serum-free medium. It also promotescell-cycling in serum-containing medium, leading cellsto die by overgrowth. Previously, we established anapoptosis-suppressible, cell-cycle arrestable cellline, c-jun AS, by transfecting Friend murineerythroleukemia (F-MEL... |
Protein hydrolysates as substitutes for serum havebeen employed by many in cell culture mediumformulation, especially with the shift to low proteinor protein-free media. More recently, vegetablehydrolysates have also been added as nutritionalsupplements to fortify the amino acid content in smallpeptide form for batch a... |
The chicken is a useful animal for the development of the specificantibodies against the mammalian conserved proteins. We generated twotypes of recombinant chicken monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), using a phagedisplay technique from a chicken hybridoma HUC2-13 which secreted themAb to the N-terminal of the mammalian prion... |
The aim of this study was to improve the survival ofNIH3T3 cells in low serum or serum-free media by theendogenous expression of recombinant bFGF (basicfibroblast growth factor) and/or IGF (insulin-likegrowth factor) -I and II. Expression was detected byWestern blotting, and the growth characteristics ofdifferent trans... |
The expression of recombinant proteins with the Semliki Forest Virus (SFV) system has been scaled up to bioreactor scale. As a model protein for this study the human 5-HT(3) receptor was chosen. The gene for the receptor was subcloned into the SFV expression plasmid pSFV1. Virus production by in vivo packaging and prod... |
Batch and fed-batch cultures of a murine hybridomacell line (AFP-27) were performed in a stirred tankreactor to estimate the effect of feed rate on growthrate, macromolecular metabolism and antibodyproduction. Macromolecular composition was foundto change dynamically during batch culture ofhybridoma cells possibly due ... |
The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene ofNewcastle disease virus (NDV) strain AF2240, amplifiedfrom the viral genomic RNA ( approximately 1.8 kb) was directionallycloned and inserted into a baculovirus expressionvector system. The recombinant glycoprotein expressedin Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cellsshowed haemaggl... |
Rotating-wall vessels are beneficial to tissue engineering in that the reconstituted tissue formed in these low-shear bioreactors undergoes extensive three-dimensional growth and differentiation. In the present study, bovine corneal endothelial (BCE) cells were grown in a high-aspect rotating-wall vessel (HARV) attache... |
Catalyser-21(TM) is a mineral water derived from natural leaf soil containing various organic and inorganic substances. Previous reports suggested a possibility that Catalyser-21(TM) has antioxidative potential and could inhibit angiogenesis and cancer cell invasiveness. Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for cancer cells ... |
In this study, we report on an in situ monitoring system of living cultured cells using infrared absorption spectroscopy in the geometry of multiple internal reflections (MIR-IRAS). In order to observe living cultured cells, the temperature in the sample chamber of a FT-IR spectrometer was maintained at 37 degrees C an... |
Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells were co-transfected with plasmid vectors containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP), under the control of metallothionein promoter (pMt), and the hygromycin selection gene, in view of establishing parameters for optimized gene expression. A protocol of transfection wa... |
Infecting insect cells with a baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is an increasingly popular method for the production of recombinant proteins. Due to the lytic nature of the system, however, determining the optimal harvest time is critical for maximizing protein yield. We found that measuring the change in ave... |
Addition of stimulatory chemical such as glycerol was found to increase recombinant protein production in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, glycerol influenced cell mitosis and reduced cell growth rate. We developed a controlled proliferation strategy to utilize the stimulation of glycerol on recombinant prot... |
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; EC 1.13.11.42) is a rate-limiting enzyme involved in the catabolism of tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid. It is induced under pathological conditions, such as the presence of viral infections or tumour cells. This enzyme is induced by IFN-gamma in the mouse rectal carcinoma ... |
Recent evidence suggests that several unknown or ill-characterized factors strongly influence cell growth and function in culture. Isolating these factors is necessary in order to maximize culture productivities. Methylglyoxal (MG), a potent protein and nucleic acid modifying agent, has been identified as a player in t... |
An electronic nose (EN) device was used to detect microbial and viral contaminations in a variety of animal cell culture systems. The emission of volatile components from the cultures accumulated in the bioreactor headspace, was sampled and subsequently analysed by the EN device. The EN, which was equipped with an arra... |
Many procedures have been described for rat pancreatic islet isolation. Several factors contribute to the pancreatic islet isolation outcome. One of the main problems in islet isolation procedure is the formation of a viscouse, gellike structure during collagenase digestion which entraps the free islets and decrease is... |
In light of the recent detection of BSE in North America and its endemic nature in other regions of the world, there is a real need to employ cell culture conditions that do not require any animal-derived material. Here we report the use of an ultra-low protein serum-free medium (VP-SFM, Invitrogen) for the amplificati... |
The cell line D29, which was easily and rapidly established by the promoter-activated production and glutamine synthetase hybrid system, secreted recombinant human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) at a productivity rate of 39.5 mug 10(-6) cells day(-1), one of the highest reported levels worldwide. The productivity rate was about... |
The cationic vesicle composed of Span80 and cationic peptide lipid (CPL) was prepared. The cytotoxicity of the Span80-CPL cationic vesicle was very low compared with Span80 vesicle. Antibody was able to be immobilized on vesicle surface by mediation of protein A. The antigen targeting ability of the antibody-immobilize... |
Proteins of plasma membrane could be an index of purification of the plasma membrane of animal cells. A convenient method is proposed for determining the plasma membrane proteins by a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. Biotinylated proteins were observed only in the peripheral areas of MOLT-4 cells which were t... |
On the basis of transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements, we found that capsaicin (100 muM)-treated human intestinal Caco-2 cells show a momentary increase in tight-junction (TJ) permeability (decrease in TER) followed by a complete recovery. We used proteome analysis to search for proteins that are ass... |
Fucoidan is a uniquely-structured sulfated polysaccharide found in the cell walls of several types of brown seaweed that has recently, especially as enzyme-digested fucoidan extract, attracted a lot attention due to its anti-tumor potential. In this study, we evaluated the effects of enzyme-digested fucoidan extracts p... |
Cell culture technology has become a widely accepted method used to derive therapeutic and diagnostic protein products. Mammalian cells adapted to grow in bioreactors now play an integral role in the development of these biologicals. A major limiting factor determining the output efficiency of mammalian cell cultures h... |
Many biopharmaceuticals are now produced as secreted glycoproteins from mammalian cell culture. The glycosylation profile of these proteins is essential to ensure structural stability and biological and clinical activity. However, the ability to control the glycosylation is limited by our understanding of the parameter... |
As more genes are being identified through genomic techniques,the need to rapidly express recombinant proteins for functionalstudies has become increasingly acute. Transient expression ofrecombinant protein using COS-1, CV-1 and 293 cells is widelyused to address this need. To improve the robustness of hostcells for tr... |
This is the first report of two successful 100 l scale transienttransfections in a standard stirred bioreactor. More than half a gram of a monoclonal antibody (IgG) were produced in less than 10 days using a technology called large-scale transient gene expression(LS-TGE). Suspension adapted HEK 293 EBNA SF cells were t... |
Expression levels of reporter protein driven by Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Promoter system were improved by expressing its specific transcription factor (glucocorticoid receptor) from a different expression vector. The vector that expresses glucocorticoid receptor (GR) also contained dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene ... |
Baculovirus containing the mammalianCMV promoter, in place of the insect polyhedronpromoter (BacMam), has been used to transientlytransfect COS, CHO and CHOE1a (CHO cells expressing theE1a transcriptional activator). Using this system forthe expression of a cellular adhesion factor (SAF-3) Fcfusion protein in CHOE1a, w... |
UCOE vectors contain non-tissue specific chromatin-opening-elements that permit rapid expression of a protein in anintegration independent manner. Efficient expression can bederived from a single copy of an integrated gene site resulting ina higher percentage of cells expressing the marker gene in theselected pool in c... |
On inflamed endothelium the cell surface protein E-selectin isexpressed which supports the initial process of attachment -capturing and rolling of leukocytes. A recombinant CHO cell linesecreting a soluble E-selectin-IgG chimera was cultivated competitively under serum free conditions in three different bioreactor syst... |
There is a constant and growing interest in exploitingadenoviruses as vectors for gene therapy when transientexpression of a therapeutic protein is necessary. Therequirement for an increased viral titre has prompted asearch for techniques by which this virus may be assayedwith greater speed and simplicity. Conventional... |
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