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This is the first report of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on plant polytene chromosomes. Different protease pretreatments have been tested to improve fluorescence in situ hybridization FISH on polytene chromosomes of a plant, Phaseolus coccineus, with the aim to enable the detection of low-copy genes. The s... |
A genetic map of 92 RFLP loci and two storage protein loci was made using 94 doubled-haploid lines from a cross between the winter barley variety Igri and the spring variety Triumph. The markers were combined with data from two field experiments (one spring sown and one autumn (fall) sown) and a glasshouse experiment t... |
The karyotype of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, was reexamined and improved by restriction enzyme banding with HpaII. After this treatment, each of the 10 chromosomes were identified in spermatogonial metaphase cells and 3 of the 8 autosomal bivalents and the XY pair were identified in spermatocyte metaphas... |
Low-temperature response was measured at the whole plant and at the molecular level in wheat-rye amphiploids and in other interspecific combinations. Cold tolerance of interspecifics whose parents diverged widely in hardiness levels resembled the less hardy higher ploidy level wheat parent. Expression of the low-temper... |
A series of experiments was carried out to determine the most efficient methods for detecting incorporated nucleotides in the "in situ" restriction enzyme - nick translation technique. Different methods were tested on fixed human metaphase chromosomes using confocal microscopy for the demonstration of the patterns prod... |
To evaluate the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)ATCC 33277 and W83 invasion on the mRNA and protein expression of E-selectin in vascular endothelial cells. |
To investigate the molecular mechanism of cell apoptosis induced by tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor, genistein, in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line SACC-83. |
Activity and regulation of key enzymes of the lysine biosynthetic pathway were investigated inBrevibacterium linens, a natural excretor of lysine, its lysine-overproducing homoserine auxotroph (Hom(-1)) and its auxotrophic and multianalogue-resistant high-yielding mutant (AEC NV 20(r)50). The activity of aspartate kina... |
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy characterized clinically by dementia, myoclonus and, in some cases, periodic triphasic EEG-patterns. Neuropathologically the main features are spongiform change, astrocytosis, neuronal cell loss and, in a small percent of cases, amyloid plaques. Pri... |
Radiation is known to induce DNA damage resulting in the onset of apoptosis. The apoptosis is modulated by p53, Bcl2 and Bax proteins. High level of wild type p53 is required for radiation induced apoptosis. The p53 status, therefore, may be a crucial determinant of radiosensitivity of tumor cells. Overexpression of Bc... |
Three patients were enrolled, two as hemophiliacs, and one with acute EBV infection. Serial serum samples of each patient were tested with at least 3 different HIV antibody EIA tests, an immunofluo-rescent test and two western blots (WB). In the third case, PCR and reverse transcriptase enzyme activity measurement were... |
Cellular locomotion plays a critical role in such normal processes as embryonic development, tissue segregation, as well as the infiltration of fibroblasts and vascular cells during wound repair and the inflammatory responses of the adult immune system. During tumor invasion and metastasis the processes of cell migrati... |
One of the most spectacular advances in the history of scientific knowledge was the discovery of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by Watson and Crick in 1953. This enabled certain proteins to be prepared in this way for their therapeutic use in clinical practice. Today, in the first decade of the 21st century, hundreds of t... |
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is one process option for production of ethanol from lignocellulose. The principal benefits of performing the enzymatic hydrolysis together with the fermentation, instead of in a separate step after the hydrolysis, are the reduced end-product inhibition of the enzyma... |
The cellulase producing ascomycete, Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina), is known to secrete a range of enzymes important for ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. It is also widely used for the commercial scale production of industrial enzymes because of its ability to produce high titers of heterologous... |
To observe the effects of Pollen Typhae total flavones (PTF) on expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA and protein secretion in C2C12 cell strain of skeletal muscle cells cultured with palmitate, and to explore the mechanism of PTF in relieving insulin resistance (IR). |
Previous studies have shown that inhibition of the Ca(2+)-/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CN) blocks L-type voltage sensitive Ca(2+) channel (L-VSCC) activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. However, it is not known whether CN contributes to the increase in hippocampal L-VSCC activity that occur... |
Acyclic amine-carboxyboranes were effective anti-inflammatory agents in mice at 8 mg/kg x 2. These amine-carboxyboranes were more effective than the standard indomethacin at 8 mg/kg x 2, pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg x 2, and phenylbutazone at 50 mg/kg x 2. The heterocyclic amine derivatives as well as amine-carbamoylbora... |
N,N-dimethyl-n-octadecylamine borane 1 at 8 mg/kg/day, tetrakis-u-(trimethylamine boranecarboxylato)-bis(trimethyl-carboxyborane)-dicopper(II) 2 at 2.5 mg/kg/day and trimethylamine-carboxyborane 3 at 8 mg/kg/day were evaluated for their effects on bile lipids, bile acids, small intestinal absorption of cholesterol and ... |
The amine-borane adducts of cyclohexylamine and toluidine were observed to be potent hypolipidemic agents in mice, I.P. and rats orally at 8 mg/kg/day lowering both serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels after 14-16 days. These compounds were able to lower tissue lipids including the cholesterol content of the aorta... |
The amine-carboxyboranes anti-inflammatory agents were shown to block TNF alpha release at 90 min. and IL-1 release at 5 hr. from macrophages. The agenst competed with L929 fibroblasts high affinity receptors for endogenous cytokines which regulate the inflammation process. Blocking the TNFalpha receptor at 90 min. by ... |
Two ruthenium(III) complexes, namely trans-indazolium[tetrachlorobis(indazole)- ruthenate(III)], HInd[RuInd(2)Cl(4)] and trans-imidazolium[tetrachlorobis(imidazole)- ruthenate(III)], HIm[RuIm(2)Cl(4)] exhibit high anticancer activity in an autochthonous colorectal carcinoma model in rats. Recently, it has been shown th... |
Complexes of diazoxide (3-methyl-7-chloro-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide) - an antihypertensive and hyperglycemic pharmacological agent - with a series of transition- and main-group di-, triand tetravalent metal ions were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, magnetic a... |
Cu(II) complexes of 1-[4-(3-ethyl-piperidine-2,6-dione)-3-yl]-phenyl-2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridinium perchlorates, containing alkyl, aryl and combinations of these two types of moieties in their molecule were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy, magnetic, thermogravimetric and conductimetr... |
The alkylamines and their related boron derivatives demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against the growth of murine and human tissue cultured cells. These agents did not necessarily require the boron atom to possess potent cytotoxic action in certain tumor lines. Their ability to suppress tumor cell growth was based on t... |
It has been suggested that the supernatant of LPSstimulated macrophages (macrophage nociceptive factor, MNF) promotes nociception in mice. Intraperitoneal administration of MNF induced dose-related writhing, which reached a plateau between 18 and 26 min after injection and decreased within 60 min. The release of MNF wa... |
The levels of extracellular phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) and TNFalpha, and cell accumulation were measured in the pleural washings obtained at different times following the induction of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 mug/cavity) pleurisy in rats. TNFalpha peaked at 2 hours (3036 +/- 160.3 units/ml) and d... |
In human hepatoma HepG2 cell line curdlan sulphate enhances basal and interleukin-6-stimulated fibrinogen and antichymotrypsin (ACT) synthesis, slightly increases basal ceruloplasmin production and exerts only minor effects on alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor and transferrin. Curdlan sulphate may, at least in part, affect ... |
The acute phase response is an important adaptive response to sepsis and injury. As anabolic steroids increase protein synthesis we postulated that these agents might also increase hepatic acute phase protein synthesis. Male Wistar rats were pretreated with testosterone or danazol for 48 h prior to caecal ligation and ... |
Circulating levels and role of IL-6, IL-1ra, TNFsr-II and CRP in patients with heatstroke is not fully known. This study correlated levels of these mediators with outcome in 26 patients. In survivors (n=20), IL-6 concentration declined on cooling, whereas in non-survivors levels continued to increase at 6 h following a... |
We studied the activities of several kinds of beta-glucans, including sonifilan, grifolan, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum glucan, laminarin and zymosan, on macrophages. Preculture of macrophages with inactive beta-glucans rendered the cells unresponsive to subsequent stimulation with grifolan, suggesting a specific pathway i... |
An inhibition enzyme immunoassay was developed for quantitation of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans in the indoor environment. Immunospecific rabbit antibodies were produced by immunization with bovine serum albuminconjugated laminarin.The laminarin calibration curve ranged from 40 to 3000 ng/ml.Another (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan (cu... |
To elucidate the role of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in pulmonary aspergilloma, serum concentrations of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan were measured repeatedly for as long as 10 months in eight patients. In four patients with inactive disease, concentrations of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan were in the normal range.The concentrations of (1--... |
Recent physiological and pharmacological studies have indicated the potential importance of tryptase, the major protein component in mast cells, in inflammatory diseases (especially asthma). Being released at inflammatory sites after the activation of mast cells, tryptase is capable of causing bronchohyperresponsivenes... |
Sphingolipids inhibit the activation of the neutrophil (PMN) NADPH oxidase by protein kinase C pathway. By electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and chemiluminescence (CL), we studied the effects of sphingosine (SPN) and ceramide analogues on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 5x10(-7) M) stimulated PMN (6x10(6... |
The observed effects after ozone exposure strongly depend on ozone concentration and exposure time. We hypothesized that depending on the O3 exposure protocol, mainly either an oxidant damage or an inflammation will determine the O3 toxicity. We compared two different ozone exposure protocols: an acute exposure (3 ppm ... |
One of the inflammatory responses of the eye to local application of platelet-activating factor (PAF) is oedema of the conjunctiva, caused by extravasation of plasma. Aim of the study was to investigate if fluorescein would leak from the blood into the tears together with plasma protein after application of PAF to the ... |
The activity of phospholipase A(2) in human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) associated with periodontal disease was demonstrated. Based upon the presence or absence of bleeding on probing (BOP), which is a marker for the disease activity, there were higher levels of the enzyme activity in BOP positive, than in negative... |
Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) is a specific monocyte chemoattractant and activating factor produced by both immune cells (mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes) and non-immune cells (parenchymal and stromal cells). In order to define the conditions under which human monocytes express MCP-1, monocytes were expos... |
The effect of lyso-PAF on ciliated cells was investigated in vitro. Normal mucosa was surgically obtained from human paranasal sinuses and incubated in the form of tissue culture. Ciliated epithelium was magnified under an inverted microscope, and ciliary movement was photo-electrically measured. Ciliary activity was s... |
The effects of the bacterial extract OM-85 on the respiratory burst, intracellular calcium and the stress response have been investigated in human peripheral blood monocytes from normal donors. Activation of the respiratory burst during bacterial phagocytosis has been previously associated with heat shock/stress protei... |
Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS) when infused through the renal artery of the rabbit isolated perfused kidney prepared as constant pressure mode, caused a decrease in flow rate and kidney weight indicating its primary vasoconstrictor effect. This effect was predominant in kidneys from rabbits pretreated with LPS. Endot... |
To investigate whether eosinophils are stimulated in vivo or have acquired an increased susceptibility to stimuli from the coagulation cascade, the release of eosinophil proteins was compared for three groups of donors with different levels of serum IgE. (1) with atopic dermatitis (s-IgE > 5000 IU/ml, n = 11); (2) with... |
The destruction of joints caused by rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis is characterized by an imbalance of enzyme catalysed cartilage breakdown and regeneration. A complex cytokine network perpetuates joint conditions by direct regulation of metalloproteases, by indirect recruitment of cells that secrete degradati... |
The relatively rapid development of microbial resistance after the entry of every new antimicrobial into the marketplace necessitates a constant supply of new agents to maintain effective pharmacotherapy. Despite extensive efforts to identify novel lead compounds from molecular targets, only the peptide deformylase inh... |
Among adults in Western countries, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent form of leukemia. CLL primarily affects the elderly and may be associated with multiple comorbidities. A cure has not been identified, and new treatment options are needed. Expression of Bcl-2 protein is associated with the path... |
beta-Hexosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52) are lysosomal enzymes that remove terminal beta-glycosidically bound N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine residues from a number of glycoconjugates. Reliable assay systems are particularly important for the diagnosis of a family of lysosomal storage disorders, the GM2 ganglio... |
The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of a yeast-phase exo-antigen of Histoplasma capsulatum in standard serologic reactions. Three native strains of H.capsulatum which belong to Mycology Center collection were employed. They were maintained in their yeast-phase by weekly subcultures in 2% dextrose brot... |
Determination of the enzymatic profile of 41 Cryptococcus neoformans strains, 20 isolated from AIDS patients and 21 from bird droppings, was performed by using the API-ZYM commercial kit system (Bio-Mérieux, France), which tests 19 different kinds of enzymes. All the strains showed positive enzymatic activity to the es... |
Two expression plasmids designed to produce the rotaviral VP6 protein in Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus terreus have been constructed. In one of these plasmids the inducible A. terreus Gla1 glucoamylase gene promoter and Gla1 signal sequence are fused to the VP6 cDNA to enable induction and extracellular secretio... |
Presenilin (PS1 or PS2) is an essential component of the active gamma-secretase complex that liberates the Abeta peptides from amyloid precursor protein (APP). PS1 is regarded as an atypical aspartyl protease harboring two essential aspartic acids in the context of the sequence D257LV and D385FI, respectively, rather t... |
Marijuana (MJ) is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States. Its abuse is associated with cognitive dysfunctions and increased resistance to blood flow in the cerebral vasculature. In addition, MJ abuse is associated with increased risks of potentially serious cardiovascular disorders. In the present stu... |
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Amplicor Chlamydia trachomatis Test (Roche Molecular Systems, Branchburg, NJ), a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique, as a screening test for the detection of female urogenital C. trachomatis infections, comparing it to an enzyme immunoassay method. |
N6-Benzoyladenine-cyanoborane (2), and 6-triphenylphosphonylpurine-cyanoborane (3) were selected for investigation of cytotoxicity in murine and human tumor cell lines, effects on human HL-60 leukemic metabolism and DNA strand scission to determine the feasibility of these compounds as clinical antineoplastic agents. C... |
In this work we have focused on the ability of interleukin-1 to induce an acute phase protein response and a degranulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vivo. The capacity of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist to influence these events was also investigated. It was shown that interleukin-1 induced an acute phas... |
Administration of large doses of cytokines by injection is required to induce changes in acute phase protein levels. Comparisons were made in the rat of the effects of administering recombinant human cytokines by injection with continuous release from implanted osmotic minipumps. Continuous release of interleukin-1beta... |
Cuprophane membranes during haemodialysis significantly increase the plasma levels of C5a(desArg) (maximal 55 mug C5a(adesArg)/1 blood after 30 min) whereas Hemophane or Polysulphonemembranes induce only low plasma levels of C5a(desArg). C5a(desArg) generated in vitro by yeast incubation of autologous plasma stimulates... |
Several cellular processes are regulated by interfacial catalysis on biomembrane surfaces. Phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)) are interesting not only as prototypes for interfacial catalysis, but also because they mobilize precursors for the biosynthesis of eicosanoids and platelet activating factor, and these agents ultimat... |
Regulatory mechanisms in bradykinin (BK) activated release of arachidonate (ARA) and synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) and platelet activating factor (PAF) were studied in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC). A role for GTP binding protein (G-protein) in the binding of BK to the cells was determined. Guanos... |
The effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) on eicosanoid release during endotoxic shock was investigated in anaesthetized pigs receiving 5 mug kg(-1) Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS) into the superior mesenteric artery over a 60 min period, by measuring plasma levels of a variety of mediators. Fifteen of the 31 an... |
Interleukin-6, also named B-cell stimulatory factor, is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 26 kDa. Increased serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) are found in several disease conditions. We investigated the importance of a deteriorated kidney function upon IL-6 serum concentrations. No relation was found between... |
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that muscle proteolysis induced by TNF or IL-1 is mediated by glucocorticoids. Rats were treated with 300 mug kg(-1) of recombinant human preparations of IL-1alpha (rIL-1alpha) or TNFalpha (rTNFalpha) divided into three equal intraperitoneal doses given over 16 h. Tw... |
The present prospective study showed that incidence of systemic infection in severe burn patients was 30.9%. Toxic shock and multiple organ failure (MOF) developed in all patients with uncontrolled systemic infection. Both morbidity and mortality of MOF were 76.5%. In the infection group, plasma TXB(2) and TXB(2)/6-ket... |
Neutrophil function is regulated in part by cytokines with growth factor activities for different cell types. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a cytokine produced during injury to the liver and other organs. Neutrophils are numerous in such tissue injury sites and may be influenced by HGF. In the present study the eff... |
The human parathyroid hormone N-terminal fragment [hPTH-(1-34)] increases the conversion of exogenous unsaturated fatty acids to prostaglandins (PGs) in calvarial homogenates. Enzyme activities were completely blocked by indomethacin (5 x 10(-7) M), a PG synthase inhibitor, and actinomycin D (5 muM), an inhibitor of tr... |
The time course of effect of the B(2)-receptor agonist kallidin (K) on induced changes of nasal airflow, rhinorrhoea, nasal pain, sneezing and nasal microvascular leakage has been examined and compared with its B(2) metabolite agonist bradykinin (B) and the B(1)-agonist [des-arg(9)]-bradykinin (D). When administered as... |
To understand the interactions between substance P and gut inflammation, changes in substance P levels were evaluated in a chronic model of ileitis in response to three anti-inflammatory agents with distinct mechanisms of action. The agents were the prostaglandin E(1) analogue misoprostol (30 mug/kg, s.c., b.i.d.), the... |
Signal transduction plays a vital role in cellular behaviour as cells respond to various stimuli in different ways and utilize diverse pathways for accomplishing their task. Determination of the pathway followed by various cytokines can be achieved using specific inhibitors which include theophylline (TPH), TMB-8 and W... |
The present investigation characterizes calcium ionophore (A-23187) induced peritoneal eicosanoid biosynthesis in the rat. Intraperitoneal injection of A-23187 (20 mug/rat) stimulated marked biosynthesis of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) (6-KPA), TxB(2), LTC(4) and LTB(4), with no detectable changes on levels of PGE(2). Levels of ... |
The selective enzyme inhibitors genistein and Ro 31-8220 were used to assess the importance of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and protein kinase C (PKC), respectively, in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) induced generation of superoxide anion and thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) in guinea-pig alveolar macrophages... |
The effect of exogenous RNA on many cellular functions has been studied in a variety of eukaryotic cells but there are few reports on macrophages. In the present study, it is demonstrated that cytoplasmatic RNA extracted from rat macrophages stimulated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), referred to as L-RN... |
In this work we have studied the acute phase protein response and degranulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vivo in the rat after a slow interleukin-1beta stimulation. A total dose of 1 mug, 2 mug, 4 mug and 0 mug (controls with only vehicle) of interleukin-1beta was released from osmotic minipumps over a period... |
Recombinant rat interferon gamma stimulated the contractility of isolated rat ileum at doses of 4-12 units/ml. Muscarinic cholinoceptors were involved, as treatment of the tissue with atropine prevented the contractile response of the ileum. Furthermore, interferon gamma increased the affinity of carbachol for the chol... |
Hydrolytic enzymes are the major constituents of alveolar macrophages (AM) and have been shown to be involved in many aspects of the inflammatory pulmonary response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of lysosomal enzymes in the acute phase of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HPs). An experimental study on AM ... |
Possible links have been investigated between activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and endothelin (ET) production by small blood vessels. Perfusion pressures were recorded from rat isolated mesenteric artery, with or without the small intestine attached, before and after addition to the perfusate of either ET-1, ET-3 o... |
Interletrkin-1beta levels are elevated in inflammatory bowel disease. In this study the mechanism by which interleukin-1beta affects electrolyte transport in the rabbit distal colon, was investigated. Interleukin-1beta caused a delayed increase in short-circuit current (I(sc)) which was attributed to protein synthesis ... |
It has been demonstrated that lysolecithin (lysophosphatidyl choline, LPC) produces experimental cholecystitis in cats mediated by arachidonic acid metabolites. LPC is a cytolytic agent that has been postulated as a contributing factor in the development of cholecystitis in humans. The purpose of this research was to e... |
Fourteen kilodalton phospholipase A(2) molecules (PLA(2)) are classified into two groups, I- and II-PLA(2), and only the latter has been considered to play a pathogenetic role in various forms of tissue inflammation. Previously we demonstrated high PLA(2) activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with per... |
L-Arginine is converted to the highly reactive and unstable nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline by an enzyme named nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO decomposes into other nitrogen oxides such as nitrite (NO(2) (-)) and nitrate (NO(2) (-)), and in the presence of superoxide anion to the potent oxidizing agent peroxynitrite... |
The placenta, one of the most important fetal tissues during gestation, ensures nutrition, development and protection of the fetus. Although placenta lacks expression of class II MHC antigens, they can be induced either by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the spongiotrophoblast zone, or by 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) on the ... |
Macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release a factor (MNCF; macrophage-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor) which induces neutrophil migration in vivo and in vitro. The in vivo chemotactic activity of crude MNCF is not affected by pretreating the animals with dexamethasone, an uncommon characteristic... |
We have recently described the purification of a 54 kDa acidic protein, identified as macrophage-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MNCF). This protein causes in vitro chemotaxis as well as in vivo neutrophil migration even in animals treated with dexamethasone. This in vivo chemotactic activity of MNCF in animals ... |
I order to study the time-course of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) as parameters for monitoring inflammation in cystic fibrosis (CF), we investigated ten patients during both a 14-day intravenous antibiotic treatment and a corresponding self control. Modified Shwachman-Kulczycki score impro... |
The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) in serum and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), as a marker for the inflammatory process in patients with active Behçet's disease (BD). Circulating ICAM-1 was tested by an enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay in serum and in BAL o... |
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by radio-immunoassay to evaluate TNF-alpha in nasal allergy. There was no significant difference either between the mean concentrations of TNF-alpha in nasal secretions from the patients with... |
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. In this study we examined the role of various cytoldnes that may induce MHC class II surface antigen expression, using the rat insulinoma line RIN-5AH as a pertinent model system. As... |
Nitric oxide has enigmatic qualities in inflammation. In order to appreciate the precise contributions of nitric oxide to a pathophysiological process, one must account for enzyme source, coproduction of oxidants and antioxidant defences, time, rate of nitric oxide production, cellular source, peroxynitrite formation a... |
HgCl(2) induces an autoimmune disease in the Brown Norway rat characterized by synthesis of autoantibodies (mainly, anti-GBM Abs), severe proteinuria and interstitial nephritis. Also, HgCl(2)- injected rats develop glomerular cell infiltrates consisting of ED1(+) cells (monocyte/macrophage), starting on day 4 and reach... |
Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is a cationic antimicrobial protein produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, that specifically interacts with and kills Gram-negative bacteria. BPl competes with lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) secreted by liver cells into blood plasma for binding to lipopoly... |
The production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured in cultures of spleen cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-2 or LPS + IL-2. We observed that NO synthesis is increased by IFN-gamma but inhibited by IFN-alpha/beta. This is not the case when IL-2 is present in the cultures, since interferons play a minor role... |
We have analysed the relationship of blood eosinophil count and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in patients with acute and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The ECP levels and eosinophil counts were measured in the peripheral blood of 15 patients with acute urticaria, 25 with chronic idiopathic urticaria and... |
Pro-Inflammatory non-pancreatic phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) is markedly over-expressed in acute systemic and chronic local inflammatory processes. Since in acute phase reaction sPLA(2) is often over-expressed simultaneously with acute phase proteins (APP), it is important to determine whether APP interacts with sPLA(2... |
We attempted to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system by preparation of recombinant murine MIP-2 and its rabbit antibodies. A fusion construct of MIP-2 to protein A was used to enable easy purification as well as the generation of a sufficiently large antibody response. The specificity of antibo... |
In this study, we investigated the expression of lipocortin I and II (annexin I and I in the human bronchial epithelium, both in vivo and in vitro. A clear expression of lipocortin I and II protein was found in the epithelium in sections of bronchial tissue. In cultured human bronchial epithelial cells we demonstrated ... |
Brain tissue of rats pretreated with methylprednisolone or with the 21-aminosteroid U74389F, and that of untreated control rats, was assessed for the expression of annexin-1 (Anx-1) and the transcription of its mRNA. For this purpose Anx-1 cDNA was amplified and simultaneously a T7-RNA-polymerase promoter was incorpora... |
The mutual correlation among soluble CD4 (sCD4), soluble CD8 (sCD8), and soluble CD23 (sCD23) has not yet been studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although previous studies have demonstrated that certain soluble markers of immune activation are elevated in RA. Thus, we examined this correlation based on... |
In this study we have investigated total fiver RNA and the expression of mRNA in the rat fiver in vivo after a slow stimulation of interleukin-1. A total dose of 4 mug interleukin-1beta was administered via a subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipump over a period of 7 days. Plasma concentrations of alpha(2)-macroglobu... |
We investigated the effects of specific inhibitors of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) on the inhibitory activity of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitors and of the cell permeable analogue of cAMP, db-cAMP on LPS-induced TNF-alpha release from human mononuclear cells. Inc... |
The mixed leukocyte population obtained from the peritoneum of the August rat is a potentially important experimental model of inherent eosinophilia that has not been well characterized. In the present study, isolated cell preparations generated a concentration-dependent release of leukotriene (LT) C(4) when exposed to... |
The interaction of carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes I and II with a series of As(III) derivatives, dialkyl and diaryl rac-2,3-dimyristoyloxypropyldithioarsonites, was investigated kinetically and spectrophotometrically, utilizing the native and Co(II)-substituted enzymes. Depending on the substitution pattern at the -A... |
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