drug1_db stringlengths 7 7 | drug2_db stringlengths 7 7 | drug1_id int64 0 1.69k | drug2_id int64 0 1.69k | drug_pair listlengths 2 2 | drug1_name stringlengths 4 85 | drug2_name stringlengths 4 85 | drug1_desc stringlengths 27 1.09k | drug2_desc stringlengths 27 6.14k | label stringclasses 3 values | label_idx int64 0 2 | all_paths listlengths 1 10 | all_paths_str listlengths 1 10 | path_str stringlengths 0 3.57k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DB01045 | DB01070 | 463 | 1,098 | [
"DDInter1590",
"DDInter558"
] | Rifampicin | Dihydrotachysterol | A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160) | A vitamin D that can be regarded as a reduction product of vitamin D2. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
463,
24,
1098
]
],
[
[
463,
63,
386
],
[
386,
25,
1098
]
],
[
[
463,
24,
460
],
[
460,
63,
1098
]
],
[
[
463,
1,
690
],
[
690,
2... | [
[
[
"Rifampicin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dihydrotachysterol"
]
],
[
[
"Rifampicin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cholecalciferol"
... | Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium carbonate and Magnesium carbonate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin (Compound) resembles Rifabutin (Compound) and Rifabutin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxercalciferol and Doxercalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ergocalciferol and Ergocalciferol (Compound) resembles Dihydrotachysterol (Compound) and Ergocalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol (Compound) resembles Calcitriol (Compound) and Calcitriol (Compound) resembles Dihydrotachysterol (Compound)
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium carbonate and Magnesium carbonate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin (Compound) resembles Rifabutin (Compound) and Rifabutin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol
Rifampicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxercalciferol and Doxercalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dihydrotachysterol |
DB00934 | DB06595 | 413 | 1,491 | [
"DDInter1124",
"DDInter1214"
] | Maprotiline | Midostaurin | Maprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant with similar pharmacological properties to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Similar to TCAs, maprotiline inhibits neuronal norepinephrine reuptake, possesses some anticholinergic activity, and does not affect monoamine oxidase activity. It differs from TCAs in that it does not appear to block serotonin reuptake. Maprotiline may be used to treat depressive affective disorders, including dysthymic disorder (depressive neurosis) and major depressive disorder. Maprotiline is effective at reducing symptoms of anxiety associated with depression. | Midostaurin (as Rydapt) is a multitarget kinase inhibitor for the treatment for adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have a specific genetic mutation called FLT3. It was initially characterized as a potential broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent, with activity toward diverse solid and hematopoietic tumors . It was approved on April 28, 2017 and has shown to increase the overall survival rate in patients with AML as an adjunct therapy along with chemotherapeutic agents. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
413,
24,
1491
]
],
[
[
413,
62,
112
],
[
112,
23,
1491
]
],
[
[
413,
63,
888
],
[
888,
24,
1491
]
],
[
[
413,
24,
1342
],
[
1342,
... | [
[
[
"Maprotiline",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Midostaurin"
]
],
[
[
"Maprotiline",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
... | Maprotiline may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin and Romidepsin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid and Picosulfuric acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline (Compound) resembles Atomoxetine (Compound) and Atomoxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline (Compound) resembles Protriptyline (Compound) and Protriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Granisetron and Granisetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Maprotiline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Crizotinib and Crizotinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Midostaurin |
DB00250 | DB00641 | 10 | 467 | [
"DDInter475",
"DDInter1675"
] | Dapsone | Simvastatin | A sulfone active against a wide range of bacteria but mainly employed for its actions against mycobacterium leprae. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to that of the sulfonamides which involves inhibition of folic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms. It is also used with pyrimethamine in the treatment of malaria. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p157-8) | Simvastatin, also known as the brand name product Zocor, is a lipid-lowering drug derived synthetically from a fermentation product of _Aspergillus terreus_. It belongs to the statin class of medications, which are used to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and manage abnormal lipid levels by inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid and is the third step in a sequence of metabolic reactions involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing of statin medications is considered standard practice following any cardiovascular events and for people with a moderate to high risk of development of CVD, such as those with Type 2 Diabetes. The clear evidence of the benefit of statin use coupled with very minimal side effects or long term effects has resulted in this class becoming one of the most widely prescribed medications in North America.[A181087, A181406] Simvastatin and other drugs from the statin class of medications including [atorvastatin], [pravastatin], [rosuvastatin], [fluvastatin], and [lovastatin] are considered first-line options for the treatment of dyslipidemia.[A181087, A181406] Increasing use of the statin class of drugs is largely due to the fact that cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes heart attack, atherosclerosis, angina, peripheral artery disease, and stroke, has become a leading cause of death in high-income countries and a major cause of morbidity around the world. Elevated cholesterol levels, and in particular, elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, are an important risk factor for the development of CVD.[A181087,A181553] Use of statins to target and reduce LDL levels has been shown in a number of landmark studies to significantly reduce the risk of development of CVD and all-cause mortality.[A181090,A181093,A181096,A181427,A181475,A181538] Statins are considered a cost-effective treatment option for CVD due to their evidence of reducing all-cause mortality including fatal and non-fatal CVD as well as the need for surgical revascularization or angioplasty following a heart attack.[A181087, A181406] Evidence has shown that even for low-risk individuals (with <10% risk of a major vascular event occurring within 5 years) statins cause a 20%-22% relative reduction in major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, coronary revascularization, and coronary death) for every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL without any significant side effects or risks.[A181397, A181403] While all statin medications are considered equally effective from a clinical standpoint, [rosuvastatin] is considered the most potent; doses of 10 to 40mg [rosuvastatin] per day were found in clinical studies to result in a 45.8% to 54.6% decrease in LDL cholesterol levels, while simvastatin has been found to have an average decrease in LDL-C of ~35%.[A181409,A181535,A181538,A1793] Potency is thought to correlate to tissue permeability as the more lipophilic statins such as simvastatin are thought to enter endothelial cells by passive diffusion, as opposed to hydrophilic statins such as [pravastatin] and [rosuvastatin] which are taken up into hepatocytes through OATP1B1 (organic anion transporter protein 1B1)-mediated transport.[A181424,A181460] Despite these differences in potency, several trials have demonstrated only minimal differences in terms of clinical outcomes between statins. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
10,
24,
467
]
],
[
[
10,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
45,
467
]
],
[
[
10,
21,
28810
],
[
28810,
60,
467
]
],
[
[
10,
24,
110
],
[
110,
63... | [
[
[
"Dapsone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Simvastatin"
]
],
[
[
"Dapsone",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP3A4"
],
[
"CYP3A4",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
... | Dapsone (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Simvastatin (Compound)
Dapsone (Compound) causes Gastrointestinal pain (Side Effect) and Gastrointestinal pain (Side Effect) is caused by Simvastatin (Compound)
Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Polatuzumab vedotin and Polatuzumab vedotin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Interferon alfacon-1 and Interferon alfacon-1 may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ethambutol and Ethambutol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Modafinil and Modafinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Colchicine and Colchicine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Voriconazole and Voriconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Simvastatin
Dapsone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Saquinavir and Saquinavir may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Simvastatin |
DB00945 | DB08918 | 1,479 | 41 | [
"DDInter20",
"DDInter1059"
] | Acetylsalicylic acid | Levomilnacipran | Also known as _Aspirin_, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of pain and fever due to various causes. Acetylsalicylic acid has both anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. This drug also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of blood clots stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) [FDA label]. Interestingly, the results of various studies have demonstrated that long-term use of acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the risk of various cancers, including colorectal, esophageal, breast, lung, prostate, liver and skin cancer. Aspirin is classified as a _non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor_ [A32682, A177268] and is available in many doses and forms, including chewable tablets, suppositories, extended release formulations, and others. Acetylsalicylic acid is a very common | Levomilnacipran is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), although it is a more potent inhibitor of norepinephrine reuptake than serotonin reuptake.[A261181, A38560] Levomilnacipran is the more active 1S,2R-enantiomer in the racemate [milnacipran].[A261181, L47956] Once administered, interconversion between levomilnacipran and its stereoisomer does not occur in humans. First approved by the FDA on July 25, 2013, levomilnacipran is used to treat major depressive disorder in adults. While levomilnacipran was previously investigated and proposed as a potential treatment for stroke in Europe, the EMA decided against this use. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1479,
24,
41
]
],
[
[
1479,
24,
901
],
[
901,
40,
41
]
],
[
[
1479,
6,
10215
],
[
10215,
45,
41
]
],
[
[
1479,
21,
28757
],
[
28757,
... | [
[
[
"Acetylsalicylic acid",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Levomilnacipran"
]
],
[
[
"Acetylsalicylic acid",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mi... | Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Milnacipran and Milnacipran (Compound) resembles Levomilnacipran (Compound)
Acetylsalicylic acid (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Levomilnacipran (Compound)
Acetylsalicylic acid (Compound) causes Dyspepsia (Side Effect) and Dyspepsia (Side Effect) is caused by Levomilnacipran (Compound)
Acetylsalicylic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Edoxaban and Edoxaban may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran
Acetylsalicylic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ramucirumab and Ramucirumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran
Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Treprostinil and Treprostinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran
Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ticagrelor and Ticagrelor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran
Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Desmopressin and Desmopressin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran
Acetylsalicylic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Levomilnacipran |
DB00835 | DB00986 | 100 | 1,192 | [
"DDInter245",
"DDInter834"
] | Brompheniramine | Glycopyrronium | Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria. | Glycopyrronium, also known as NVA237 or glycopyrrolate, is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. They are both quaternary ammonium compounds and long acting muscarinic antagonists. It is one of the most commonly prescribed anticholinergic medications.[A233535,A233540] Early research into glycopyrronium use was for its indication as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcers.[A233570,L33090] Later research, taking advantage of the systemic distribution of muscarinic receptors through the body, found that glycopyrronium could also be used for reducing sweat gland, oral, airway, and gastric secretions; as well as reducing cardiac inhibitory reflexes; and reducing bronchoconstriction in COPD. Glycopyrronium is commonly prescribed as a first line treatment for a wide variety indications and is considered to have a wider therapeutic window than [tiotropium]. Glycopyrronium was originally granted FDA approval on 11 August 1961. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
100,
24,
1192
]
],
[
[
100,
24,
1511
],
[
1511,
63,
1192
]
],
[
[
100,
63,
262
],
[
262,
24,
1192
]
],
[
[
100,
6,
2720
],
[
2720,
... | [
[
[
"Brompheniramine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Glycopyrronium"
]
],
[
[
"Brompheniramine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mepenzolate"
... | Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepenzolate and Mepenzolate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clidinium and Clidinium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine (Compound) binds CHRM3 (Gene) and CHRM3 (Gene) is bound by Glycopyrronium (Compound)
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phenelzine and Phenelzine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methdilazine and Methdilazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound) and Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dextropropoxyphene and Dextropropoxyphene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine (Compound) resembles Carbinoxamine (Compound) and Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium
Brompheniramine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Potassium chloride and Potassium chloride may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Glycopyrronium |
DB05316 | DB11113 | 749 | 657 | [
"DDInter1467",
"DDInter307"
] | Pimavanserin | Castor oil | Pimavanserin is an atypical antipsychotic indicated for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, it is thought that pimavanserin interacts with the serotonin receptors, particularly the 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> and HT<sub>2C</sub> receptors. Unlike other atypical antipsychotics, pimavanserin lacks inherent dopaminergic activity. In fact, pimavanserin is the first antipsychotic drug without D<sub>2</sub> blocking activity. Therefore, pimavanserin can be used to treat psychotic symptoms without causing extrapyramidal or worsening motor symptoms.[A232613,A232573] Pimavanserin is marketed under the trade name NUPLAZID and developed by Acadia Pharmaceuticals. It was approved by the FDA in April 2016 for the treatment of hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis | Castor oil is a vegetable oil obtained by pressing the seeds of the castor oil plant (_Ricinus communis_ L.) mainly cultivated in India, South America, Africa, and China. Castor oil is a rich source of , which represents up to 90% of the total castor oil content. It also consists up to 4% linoleic, 3% oleic, 1% stearic, and less than 1% linolenic fatty acids . has a hydroxyl group that provides a functional group location for various chemical reactions, making it a favourable substance in industrial applications . Castor oil does not contain ricin, which is a natural poison found in the castor oil plant; the toxic lectin remains in the bean pulp following oil isolation . Due to its renewability and high versatility in addition to being the only commercial source of a hydroxylated fatty acid , castor oil has been used as a vital raw material for the chemical industry . Castor oil was mainly used in the manufacturing of soaps, lubricants, and coatings . It is an FDA-approved food additive directly added to food products for human consumption. It can also be found in hard candies as a release agent and anti-sticking agent, or supplementary vitamins and mineral oral tablets as an ingredient for protective coatings. Castor oil is found in over-the-counter oral liquids as a stimulant laxative, and is also added in commercial cosmetic, hair, and skincare products. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
749,
24,
657
]
],
[
[
749,
24,
927
],
[
927,
63,
657
]
],
[
[
749,
24,
1491
],
[
1491,
24,
657
]
],
[
[
749,
25,
985
],
[
985,
2... | [
[
[
"Pimavanserin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Castor oil"
]
],
[
[
"Pimavanserin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Encorafenib"
],
... | Pimavanserin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib and Encorafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin and Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osimertinib and Osimertinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Terfenadine and Terfenadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Halofantrine and Halofantrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ivosidenib and Ivosidenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib and Encorafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Telavancin and Telavancin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osimertinib and Osimertinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Telavancin and Telavancin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil
Pimavanserin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Terfenadine and Terfenadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Telavancin and Telavancin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil |
DB00404 | DB08899 | 523 | 129 | [
"DDInter54",
"DDInter649"
] | Alprazolam | Enzalutamide | Alprazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine indicated for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders.[L34783, L34788] It is mainly metabolized by CYP3As and so is contraindicated with CYP3A inhibitors like ketoconazole and itraconazole.[L34783, L34788] Benzodiazepine treatment should be stopped gradually by tapering down a patient's dose to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Alprazolam's adverse effects are generally related to the sedation it can cause. Alprazolam has been mixed with alcohol as a drug of abuse to potentiate the sedative effects of the drug which may lead to coma and death. Alprazolam was given FDA approval on October 16, 1981. | Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), both metastatic and non-metastatic. It is a second-generation antiandrogen agent that the FDA approved on August 31, 2012.[L40639, A252667] Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first-line treatment of prostate cancer and remission can be achieved, arising resistance is inevitable, becoming castration-resistant prostate cancer. Until recently, docetaxel is the only treatment available for metastatic CRPC; however, AR inhibitors have been developed for more targeted therapy, although first-generation AR inhibitors like bicalutamide did not substantially increase the survival rate. Second-generation such as enzalutamide is more efficacious due to a higher affinity to AR and no partial agonist activity compared to bicalutamide.[A252667,A252642] Due to a favorable pharmacological profile, a phase 1 study of enzalutamide was initiated in July 2007. Compared to the average time of 10 to 15 years for a drug to go from pre-clinical to clinical studies, enzalutamide was developed relatively rapidly. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
523,
24,
129
]
],
[
[
523,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
45,
129
]
],
[
[
523,
21,
28703
],
[
28703,
60,
129
]
],
[
[
523,
63,
608
],
[
608,
... | [
[
[
"Alprazolam",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Enzalutamide"
]
],
[
[
"Alprazolam",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP3A4"
],
[
"CYP3A4",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)... | Alprazolam (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Alprazolam (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Enzalutamide (Compound)
Alprazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lidocaine and Lidocaine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Magnesium hydroxide and Magnesium hydroxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ifosfamide and Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam (Compound) resembles Midazolam (Compound) and Midazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide
Alprazolam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide |
DB01268 | DB15982 | 1,151 | 1,339 | [
"DDInter1731",
"DDInter193"
] | Sunitinib | Berotralstat | Sunitinib is a small-molecule multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor. On January 26, 2006, the agent was formally approved by the US FDA for the indications of treating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). For these purposes, sunitinib is generally available as an orally administered formulation. Sunitinib inhibits cellular signaling by targeting multiple RTKs. These include all platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGF-R) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGF-R). Sunitinib also inhibits KIT (CD117), the RTK that drives the majority of GISTs. In addition, sunitinib inhibits other RTKs including RET, CSF-1R, and flt3. | Berotralstat is a selective inhibitor of plasma kallikrein used in the prophylaxis of attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE). It works by blocking the enzymatic activity of plasma kallikrein in releasing bradykinin, the major biologic peptide that promotes swelling and pain associated with attacks of HAE. Berotralstat is strictly used to prevent, but not treat, these attacks. Developed by BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, berotralstat is marketed under the name Orladeyo as oral capsules. Berotralstat was first approved by the FDA on December 3, 2020, as the first once-daily oral therapy to prevent angioedema attacks of HAE in adults and pediatric patients 12 years and older. Berotralstat was approved by the European Commission on April 30, 2021 and by Health Canada on June 06, 2022. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1151,
24,
1339
]
],
[
[
1151,
64,
1101
],
[
1101,
23,
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]
],
[
[
1151,
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],
[
283,
23,
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]
],
[
[
1151,
63,
1213
],
[
1213... | [
[
[
"Sunitinib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Berotralstat"
]
],
[
[
"Sunitinib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Bexarotene"
],
[
"Bexarotene... | Sunitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fedratinib and Fedratinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dasatinib and Dasatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Gilteritinib and Gilteritinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Toremifene and Toremifene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib (Compound) resembles Metoclopramide (Compound) and Metoclopramide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cobicistat and Cobicistat may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Berotralstat
Sunitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Vemurafenib and Vemurafenib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Berotralstat |
DB00682 | DB00795 | 126 | 50 | [
"DDInter1951",
"DDInter1725"
] | Warfarin | Sulfasalazine | Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug normally used to prevent blood clot formation as well as migration. Although originally marketed as a pesticide (d-Con, Rodex, among others), Warfarin has since become the most frequently prescribed oral anticoagulant in North America. Warfarin has several properties that should be noted when used medicinally, including its ability to cross the placental barrier during pregnancy which can result in fetal bleeding, spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, stillbirth, and neonatal death. Additional adverse effects such as necrosis, purple toe syndrome, osteoporosis, valve and artery calcification, and drug interactions have also been documented with warfarin use. Warfarin does not actually affect blood viscosity, rather, it inhibits vitamin-k dependent synthesis of biologically active forms of various clotting factors in addition to several regulatory factors. | Sulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory drug structurally related to salicylates and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is indicated for managing inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).[L39065, A255582] Metabolized by intestinal bacteria, sulfasalazine is broken down into [mesalazine] and [sulfapyridine], 2 compounds that carry out the main pharmacological activity of sulfasalazine. Sulfasalazine was first used in 1940 for rheumatic polyarthritis, and has been firmly established itself as one fo the most useful disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD). Compared to the first line treatment of RA like methotrexate, sulfasalazine is almost as efficacious as methotrexate although with slightly less tolerability. However, sulfasalazine has less teratogenic side effects and faster onset of action compared to conventional DMARD. Sulfasalazine fell out of favor as the drug of choice for RA due to poorly designed clinical trials in 1950 but regained interest from the clinical community in the late 1970. Although sulfasalazine is only approved by the FDA for ulcerative colitis, research have shown that sulfasalazine is also beneficial for patients with Crohn's disease. Meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials indicated that sulfasalazine is superior to placebo in inducing remission; however, with no supported evidence of mucosal healing, sulfasalazine is not FDA-recommmended for treatment of Crohn's disease.[A255597,A255602,A255607] | Major | 2 | [
[
[
126,
25,
50
]
],
[
[
126,
23,
712
],
[
712,
1,
50
]
],
[
[
126,
64,
161
],
[
161,
1,
50
]
],
[
[
126,
64,
682
],
[
682,
23,
... | [
[
[
"Warfarin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Sulfasalazine"
]
],
[
[
"Warfarin",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Olsalazine"
],
[
"Olsalazine",
... | Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Olsalazine and Olsalazine (Compound) resembles Sulfasalazine (Compound)
Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Sulfadiazine and Sulfadiazine (Compound) resembles Sulfasalazine (Compound)
Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Thiopental and Thiopental may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phenobarbital and Phenobarbital may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Escherichia coli and Asparaginase Escherichia coli may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nateglinide and Nateglinide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mestranol and Mestranol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phenylbutazone and Phenylbutazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sulfasalazine
Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ketorolac and Ketorolac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sulfasalazine |
DB00519 | DB00687 | 1,638 | 870 | [
"DDInter1843",
"DDInter747"
] | Trandolapril | Fludrocortisone | Trandolapril is a non-sulhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is metabolized to its biologically active diacid form, trandolaprilat, in the liver. Trandolaprilat inhibits ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Trandolapril may be used to treat mild to moderate hypertension, to improve survival following myocardial infarction in clinically stable patients with left ventricular dysfunction, as an adjunct treatment for congestive heart failure, and to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy. | Fludrocortisone is a synthetic mineralocorticoid used in conjunction with [hydrocortisone] to replace missing endogenous corticosteroids in patients with adrenal insufficiency.[A187169,A187187] It is functionally similar to [aldosterone], the body's primary endogenous mineralocorticoid, and is structurally analogous to [cortisol], differing only by a fluorine atom at the 9-position of the steroid structure - this fluorination is thought to be crucial to fludrocortisone's significant mineralocorticoid potency. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1638,
24,
870
]
],
[
[
1638,
24,
1220
],
[
1220,
40,
870
]
],
[
[
1638,
63,
251
],
[
251,
40,
870
]
],
[
[
1638,
21,
28835
],
[
28835,... | [
[
[
"Trandolapril",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Fludrocortisone"
]
],
[
[
"Trandolapril",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dexamethasone"
... | Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone (Compound) resembles Fludrocortisone (Compound)
Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Betamethasone and Betamethasone (Compound) resembles Fludrocortisone (Compound)
Trandolapril (Compound) causes Hyperglycaemia (Side Effect) and Hyperglycaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Fludrocortisone (Compound)
Trandolapril may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Aluminum hydroxide and Aluminum hydroxide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Fludrocortisone
Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metformin and Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone
Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Empagliflozin and Empagliflozin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone
Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Nateglinide (Compound) and Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nateglinide and Nateglinide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone
Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Lisinopril (Compound) and Lisinopril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone
Trandolapril may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diclofenac and Diclofenac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone |
DB09054 | DB09330 | 384 | 985 | [
"DDInter905",
"DDInter1352"
] | Idelalisib | Osimertinib | Idelalisib is a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), relapsed follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (FL), and relapsed small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). For the treatment of relapsed CLL, it is currently indicated as a second-line agent in combination with rituximab in patients for whom rituximab alone would be considered appropriate therapy due to other co-morbidities, while in the treatment of FL and SLL it is intended to be used in patients who have received at least two prior systemic therapies. More specifically, idelalisib targets P110δ, the delta isoform of the enzyme phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, also known as PI-3K. The PI-3Ks are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth | Osimertinib is an oral, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drug developed by AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.[A7926,L43453] Its use is indicated for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in cases where tumour EGFR expression is positive for the T790M mutation as detected by FDA-approved testing and which has progressed following therapy with a first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Approximately 10% of patients with NSCLC have a rapid and clinically effective response to EGFR-TKIs due to the presence of specific activating EGFR mutations within the tumour cells. More specifically, deletions around the LREA motif in exon 19 and exon 21 L858R point mutations are correlated with response to therapy. Development of third-generation EGFR-TKIs, such as osimertinib, has been in response to altered tumour resistance patterns following treatment and toxic side effects that impact patient quality of life. Treatment with first-generation EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib and erlotinib) has been associated with the development of resistance through activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Second-generation EGFR-TKIs (afatinib and dacomitinib) were then developed to be more potent inhibitors, although their use is associated with increased toxicity through nonspecific targeting of wild-type EGFR. In contrast, third-generation inhibitors are specific for the gate-keeper T790M mutations which increases ATP binding activity to EGFR and result in poor prognosis for late-stage disease. Furthermore, osimertinib has been shown to spare wild-type EGFR during therapy, thereby reducing non-specific binding and limiting toxicity.[A7926,A7927,A7931] | Major | 2 | [
[
[
384,
25,
985
]
],
[
[
384,
63,
168
],
[
168,
23,
985
]
],
[
[
384,
64,
1478
],
[
1478,
24,
985
]
],
[
[
384,
63,
66
],
[
66,
24,... | [
[
[
"Idelalisib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Osimertinib"
]
],
[
[
"Idelalisib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Bortezomib"
],
[
"Bortezomi... | Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ivacaftor and Ivacaftor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Efalizumab and Efalizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tazemetostat and Tazemetostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Talazoparib and Talazoparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Olaparib and Olaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Stiripentol and Stiripentol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Modafinil and Modafinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Idelalisib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Toremifene and Toremifene may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osimertinib |
DB00206 | DB01067 | 1,245 | 959 | [
"DDInter1582",
"DDInter826"
] | Reserpine | Glipizide | An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use. The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of all oral dosage form drug products containing more than 1 mg of reserpine. | Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent in the second-generation sulfonylurea drug class that is used to control blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was first introduced in 1984 and is available in various countries including Canada and the U.S. According to the 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines by Diabetes Canada, sulfonylurea drugs are considered a second-line glucose-lowering therapy following metformin. Because sulfonylureas require functional pancreatic beta cells for their therapeutic effectiveness, sulfonylureas are more commonly used for early-stage type 2 diabetes when there is no progressed pancreatic failure. Compared to the first-generation sulfonylureas, such as [tolbutamide] and [chlorpropamide], second-generation sulfonylureas contain a more non-polar side chain in their chemical structure, which enhances their hypoglycemic potency. Compared to other members of the sulfonylurea drug group, glipizide displays rapid absorption and onset of action with the shortest half-life and duration of action, reducing the risk for long-lasting hypoglycemia that is often observed with blood glucose-lowering agents. Glipizide was first approved by the FDA in 1994 and is available in extended-release tablets under the brand name Glucotrol®, as well as in combination with metformin under the brand name Metaglip®. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1245,
24,
959
]
],
[
[
1245,
24,
245
],
[
245,
40,
959
]
],
[
[
1245,
24,
1411
],
[
1411,
1,
959
]
],
[
[
1245,
18,
2114
],
[
2114,
... | [
[
[
"Reserpine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Glipizide"
]
],
[
[
"Reserpine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Glimepiride"
],
[
... | Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glimepiride and Glimepiride (Compound) resembles Glipizide (Compound)
Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide (Compound) resembles Glipizide (Compound)
Reserpine (Compound) downregulates MIF (Gene) and MIF (Gene) is downregulated by Glipizide (Compound)
Reserpine (Compound) upregulates LRP10 (Gene) and LRP10 (Gene) is downregulated by Glipizide (Compound)
Reserpine (Compound) causes Pruritus (Side Effect) and Pruritus (Side Effect) is caused by Glipizide (Compound)
Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ephedrine and Ephedrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glipizide
Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline and Isoprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glipizide
Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin human and Insulin human may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glipizide
Reserpine (Compound) resembles Deserpidine (Compound) and Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glipizide |
DB00685 | DB01156 | 1,299 | 593 | [
"DDInter1887",
"DDInter252"
] | Trovafloxacin | Bupropion | Trovafloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that has been commonly marketed under the brand name Trovan by Pfizer. It exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting the uncoiling of supercoiled DNA in various bacteria by blocking the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It was shown to be more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria when compared to previous fluoroquinolones. Due to its hepatotoxic potential, trovafloxacin was withdrawn from the market. | Bupropion (also known as the brand name product Wellbutrin®) is a norepinephrine/dopamine-reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) used most commonly for the management of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), and as an aid for smoking cessation. Bupropion exerts its pharmacological effects by weakly inhibiting the enzymes involved in the uptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine from the synaptic cleft, therefore prolonging their duration of action within the neuronal synapse and the downstream effects of these neurotransmitters. More specifically, bupropion binds to the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the dopamine transporter (DAT).[A6399,A178810] Bupropion was originally classified as an "atypical" antidepressant because it does not exert the same effects as the classical antidepressants such as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs), Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), or Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). While it has comparable effectiveness to typical first-line options for the treatment of depression such as SSRIs,[A178798,A178804] bupropion is a unique option for the treatment of MDD as it lacks any clinically relevant serotonergic effects, typical of other mood medications, or any effects on histamine or adrenaline receptors.[A6399,A178840] Lack of activity at these receptors results in a more tolerable side effect profile; bupropion is less likely to cause sexual side effects, sedation, or weight gain as compared to SSRIs or TCAs, for example.[A178804,A178807] When used as an aid to smoking cessation, bupropion is thought to confer its anti-craving and anti-withdrawal effects by inhibiting dopamine reuptake, which is thought to be involved in the reward pathways associated with nicotine, and through the antagonism of the nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor.[A178825,A1966,A16508] A Cochrane Review of meta-analyses of available treatment modalities for smoking cessation found that abstinence rates approximately doubled when bupropion was used as compared to placebo, and was found to have similar rates of smoking cessation as [nicotine] replacement therapy (NRT). Bupropion is sometimes used as an add-on agent to first-line treatments of depression such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications when there is a treatment-failure or only partial response. Bupropion is also used off-label for the management of Attention/Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults with comorbid bipolar depression to avoid mood destabilization caused by typical stimulant medications used for the treatment of ADHD. When used in combination with [naltrexone] in the marketed product ContraveⓇ for chronic weight management, the two components are thought to have effects on areas of the brain involved in the regulation of food intake. This includes the hypothalamus, which is involved in appetite regulation, and the mesolimbic dopamine circuit, which is involved in reward pathways. Studies have shown that the combined activity of bupropion and [naltrexone] increase the firing rate of hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and blockade of opioid receptor-mediated POMC auto-inhibition, which are associated with a reduction in food intake and increased energy expenditure.[L6562,A179038,A179050] The combination of naltrexone and bupropion was shown to result in a statistically significant weight loss, with a mean change in body weight of -6.3% compared to -1.3% for placebo. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1299,
25,
593
]
],
[
[
1299,
21,
28757
],
[
28757,
60,
593
]
],
[
[
1299,
23,
1532
],
[
1532,
63,
593
]
],
[
[
1299,
64,
126
],
[
126,... | [
[
[
"Trovafloxacin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Bupropion"
]
],
[
[
"Trovafloxacin",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Dyspepsia"
],
[
"Dyspepsia",
"{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} ... | Trovafloxacin (Compound) causes Dyspepsia (Side Effect) and Dyspepsia (Side Effect) is caused by Bupropion (Compound)
Trovafloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ifosfamide and Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Escherichia coli and Asparaginase Escherichia coli may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Naltrexone and Naltrexone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lindane and Lindane may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bupropion
Trovafloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bupropion |
DB00850 | DB11963 | 1,630 | 1,045 | [
"DDInter1432",
"DDInter465"
] | Perphenazine | Dacomitinib | An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of chlorpromazine. | Dacomitinib, designed as (2E)-N-16-4-(piperidin-1-yl) but-2-enamide, is an oral highly selective quinazalone part of the second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors which are characterized by the irreversible binding at the ATP domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor family kinase domains. Dacomitinib was developed by Pfizer Inc and approved by the FDA on September 27, 2018. Some evidence in the literature suggests the therapeutic potential of dacomitinib in the epithelial ovarian cancer model, although further investigations are needed. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1630,
24,
1045
]
],
[
[
1630,
1,
827
],
[
827,
24,
1045
]
],
[
[
1630,
24,
1376
],
[
1376,
24,
1045
]
],
[
[
1630,
35,
401
],
[
401,
... | [
[
[
"Perphenazine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dacomitinib"
]
],
[
[
"Perphenazine",
"{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)",
"Trazodone"
],
[
"Trazodone",
"{u} may cause a mode... | Perphenazine (Compound) resembles Trazodone (Compound) and Trazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine (Compound) resembles Promethazine (Compound) and Perphenazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Metoclopramide and Metoclopramide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dextromethorphan and Dextromethorphan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eliglustat and Eliglustat may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine (Compound) resembles Thioridazine (Compound) and Thioridazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dacomitinib
Perphenazine (Compound) resembles Trazodone (Compound) and Trazodone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dexfenfluramine and Dexfenfluramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dacomitinib |
DB01041 | DB01224 | 770 | 623 | [
"DDInter1789",
"DDInter1553"
] | Thalidomide | Quetiapine | A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, thalidomide was withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of inflammatory disorders and cancers. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity through modulating the release of inflammatory mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and other cytokine action. Due to severe teratogenicity, pregnancy must be excluded before the start of treatment and patients must enrol in the THALIDOMID Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program to ensure contraception adherence. | Initially approved by the FDA in 1997, quetiapine is a second-generation atypical antipsychotic used in schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar disorder. Quetiapine demonstrates a high level of therapeutic efficacy and low risk of adverse effects during long-term treatment. It is well-tolerated and a suitable option for some patients with high sensitivity to other drugs, such as [clozapine] and [olanzapine]. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
770,
24,
623
]
],
[
[
770,
63,
827
],
[
827,
1,
623
]
],
[
[
770,
24,
851
],
[
851,
1,
623
]
],
[
[
770,
64,
695
],
[
695,
1,
... | [
[
[
"Thalidomide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Quetiapine"
]
],
[
[
"Thalidomide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Trazodone"
],
[
... | Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trazodone and Trazodone (Compound) resembles Quetiapine (Compound)
Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nefazodone and Nefazodone (Compound) resembles Quetiapine (Compound)
Thalidomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clozapine and Clozapine (Compound) resembles Quetiapine (Compound)
Thalidomide (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Quetiapine (Compound)
Thalidomide (Compound) causes Dry eye (Side Effect) and Dry eye (Side Effect) is caused by Quetiapine (Compound)
Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Quetiapine
Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat and Osilodrostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Quetiapine
Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Quetiapine
Thalidomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Quetiapine |
DB00656 | DB06595 | 827 | 1,491 | [
"DDInter1851",
"DDInter1214"
] | Trazodone | Midostaurin | Trazodone is triazolopyridine derivative from the serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) class of antidepressants. It is used in adults and has been shown to be comparable in efficacy to other drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and serotonin-norepinephrine receptor inhibitor (SNRIs) in the treatment of depression. A unique feature of this drug is that it does not promote the anxiety symptoms, sexual symptoms, or insomnia, which are commonly associated with SSRI and SNRI therapy. Trazodone acts on various receptors, including certain histamine, serotonin, and adrenergic receptors, distinguishing it from other antidepressants that cover a narrow range of neurotransmitters. It was initially granted FDA approval in 1981. | Midostaurin (as Rydapt) is a multitarget kinase inhibitor for the treatment for adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have a specific genetic mutation called FLT3. It was initially characterized as a potential broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent, with activity toward diverse solid and hematopoietic tumors . It was approved on April 28, 2017 and has shown to increase the overall survival rate in patients with AML as an adjunct therapy along with chemotherapeutic agents. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
827,
24,
1491
]
],
[
[
827,
23,
112
],
[
112,
23,
1491
]
],
[
[
827,
24,
888
],
[
888,
24,
1491
]
],
[
[
827,
24,
1017
],
[
1017,
... | [
[
[
"Trazodone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Midostaurin"
]
],
[
[
"Trazodone",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
[
... | Trazodone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lorlatinib and Lorlatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abarelix and Abarelix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone (Compound) resembles Quetiapine (Compound) and Quetiapine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone (Compound) resembles Aripiprazole (Compound) and Aripiprazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Palonosetron and Palonosetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Midostaurin
Trazodone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Crizotinib and Crizotinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Midostaurin |
DB04951 | DB05812 | 187 | 1,374 | [
"DDInter1477",
"DDInter8"
] | Pirfenidone | Abiraterone | Pirfenidone is a synthetic pyridone drug. It is an antifibrotic agent with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that is used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is a chronic, progressive form of interstitial pneumonia. While its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood, pirfenidone is proposed to primarily regulate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways and modulate cellular oxidation. The FDA first approved pirfenidone alongside [nintedanib] as one of the first drugs to treat IPF. | Abiraterone is a potent, irreversible, and selective inhibitor of 17 αhydroxylase/C17,20-lyase (CYP17), an enzyme expressed in testicular, adrenal, and prostatic tumour tissues, to regulate androgen biosynthesis.[A3811, A260880, L40968] Abiraterone was first approved by the FDA and EMA on April, July, and September 2011, respectively. It is used to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and hormone-sensitive high-risk metastatic prostate cancer.[L40968, L40193, L47740, L47745] As abiraterone has poor oral bioavailability and is susceptible to hydrolysis by esterases, abiraterone acetate was developed as an orally bioavailable prodrug with enhanced stability and absorption.[A3811, A260835] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
187,
24,
1374
]
],
[
[
187,
63,
441
],
[
441,
23,
1374
]
],
[
[
187,
63,
109
],
[
109,
24,
1374
]
],
[
[
187,
64,
529
],
[
529,
... | [
[
[
"Pirfenidone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Abiraterone"
]
],
[
[
"Pirfenidone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Delavirdine"
],
... | Pirfenidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Delavirdine and Delavirdine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Duloxetine and Duloxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fluvoxamine and Fluvoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Calaspargase pegol and Calaspargase pegol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone and Mifepristone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eliglustat and Eliglustat may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Vemurafenib and Vemurafenib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Abiraterone
Pirfenidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Abiraterone |
DB00757 | DB00903 | 1,166 | 1,680 | [
"DDInter581",
"DDInter686"
] | Dolasetron | Etacrynic acid | Dolasetron is an antinauseant and antiemetic agent indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately-emetogenic cancer chemotherapy and for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Dolasetron is a highly specific and selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. This drug is not shown to have activity at other known serotonin receptors, and has low affinity for dopamine receptors. | A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1166,
25,
1680
]
],
[
[
1166,
21,
28882
],
[
28882,
60,
1680
]
],
[
[
1166,
25,
222
],
[
222,
63,
1680
]
],
[
[
1166,
24,
659
],
[
659... | [
[
[
"Dolasetron",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Etacrynic acid"
]
],
[
[
"Dolasetron",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Body temperature increased"
],
[
"Body temperature increased",
"{u... | Dolasetron (Compound) causes Body temperature increased (Side Effect) and Body temperature increased (Side Effect) is caused by Etacrynic acid (Compound)
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vilanterol and Vilanterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lactulose and Lactulose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Orciprenaline and Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cisapride and Cisapride may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Arsenic trioxide and Arsenic trioxide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron (Compound) causes Body temperature increased (Side Effect) and Body temperature increased (Side Effect) is caused by Sibutramine (Compound) and Sibutramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etacrynic acid
Dolasetron (Compound) causes Tinnitus (Side Effect) and Tinnitus (Side Effect) is caused by Acetylsalicylic acid (Compound) and Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Etacrynic acid |
DB00794 | DB01229 | 759 | 973 | [
"DDInter1521",
"DDInter1377"
] | Primidone | Paclitaxel | Primidone is an anticonvulsant used to treat essential tremor as well as grand mal, psychomotor, and focal epileptic seizures. Primidone was developed by J Yule Bogue and H C Carrington in 1949. Primidone was granted FDA Approval on 8 March 1954. | Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent marketed under the brand name Taxol among others. Used as a treatment for various cancers, paclitaxel is a mitotic inhibitor that was first isolated in 1971 from the bark of the Pacific yew tree which contains endophytic fungi that synthesize paclitaxel. It is available as an intravenous solution for injection and the newer formulation contains albumin-bound paclitaxel marketed under the brand name Abraxane. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
759,
24,
973
]
],
[
[
759,
24,
310
],
[
310,
63,
973
]
],
[
[
759,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
45,
973
]
],
[
[
759,
18,
3741
],
[
3741,
... | [
[
[
"Primidone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Paclitaxel"
]
],
[
[
"Primidone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cabazitaxel"
],
[
... | Primidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cabazitaxel and Cabazitaxel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Primidone (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Primidone (Compound) downregulates OXA1L (Gene) and OXA1L (Gene) is downregulated by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Primidone (Compound) causes Anaemia (Side Effect) and Anaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Primidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fostamatinib and Fostamatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Primidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vinorelbine and Vinorelbine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Primidone (Compound) resembles Phenytoin (Compound) and Phenytoin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Primidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tinidazole and Tinidazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Primidone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cimetidine and Cimetidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel |
DB01165 | DB09330 | 1,539 | 985 | [
"DDInter1325",
"DDInter1352"
] | Ofloxacin | Osimertinib | A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. | Osimertinib is an oral, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drug developed by AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.[A7926,L43453] Its use is indicated for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in cases where tumour EGFR expression is positive for the T790M mutation as detected by FDA-approved testing and which has progressed following therapy with a first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Approximately 10% of patients with NSCLC have a rapid and clinically effective response to EGFR-TKIs due to the presence of specific activating EGFR mutations within the tumour cells. More specifically, deletions around the LREA motif in exon 19 and exon 21 L858R point mutations are correlated with response to therapy. Development of third-generation EGFR-TKIs, such as osimertinib, has been in response to altered tumour resistance patterns following treatment and toxic side effects that impact patient quality of life. Treatment with first-generation EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib and erlotinib) has been associated with the development of resistance through activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Second-generation EGFR-TKIs (afatinib and dacomitinib) were then developed to be more potent inhibitors, although their use is associated with increased toxicity through nonspecific targeting of wild-type EGFR. In contrast, third-generation inhibitors are specific for the gate-keeper T790M mutations which increases ATP binding activity to EGFR and result in poor prognosis for late-stage disease. Furthermore, osimertinib has been shown to spare wild-type EGFR during therapy, thereby reducing non-specific binding and limiting toxicity.[A7926,A7927,A7931] | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1539,
25,
985
]
],
[
[
1539,
62,
112
],
[
112,
23,
985
]
],
[
[
1539,
62,
134
],
[
134,
24,
985
]
],
[
[
1539,
63,
480
],
[
480,
... | [
[
[
"Ofloxacin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Osimertinib"
]
],
[
[
"Ofloxacin",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
[
"Metronidaz... | Ofloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Vinorelbine and Vinorelbine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Formoterol and Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Castor oil and Castor oil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bisacodyl and Bisacodyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Toremifene and Toremifene may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osimertinib
Ofloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bosutinib and Bosutinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osimertinib |
DB00679 | DB08871 | 684 | 36 | [
"DDInter1796",
"DDInter666"
] | Thioridazine | Eribulin | A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of psychoses, including schizophrenia, and in the control of severely disturbed or agitated behavior. It has little antiemetic activity. Thioridazine has a higher incidence of antimuscarinic effects, but a lower incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms, than chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p618). Thioridazine was withdrawn worldwide in 2005 due to its association with cardiac arrythmias. | Eribulin is a microtubule inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer who have previously received at least two chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of metastatic disease. Eribulin was isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai. Eribulin is also being investigated for use in the treatment of advanced solid tumors . | Major | 2 | [
[
[
684,
25,
36
]
],
[
[
684,
64,
1424
],
[
1424,
24,
36
]
],
[
[
684,
36,
820
],
[
820,
24,
36
]
],
[
[
684,
40,
216
],
[
216,
24,
... | [
[
[
"Thioridazine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Eribulin"
]
],
[
[
"Thioridazine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Quinine"
],
[
"Quinine",
"{u} may c... | Thioridazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Quinine and Quinine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine (Compound) resembles Alimemazine (Compound) and Thioridazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Alimemazine and Alimemazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine (Compound) resembles Chlorpromazine (Compound) and Chlorpromazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Orciprenaline and Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bisacodyl and Bisacodyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lactulose and Lactulose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Gilteritinib and Gilteritinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound) and Clomipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin
Thioridazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine and Famotidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eribulin |
DB01039 | DB01166 | 535 | 477 | [
"DDInter718",
"DDInter379"
] | Fenofibrate | Cilostazol | Fenofibrate is a fibric acid derivative like [clofibrate] and [gemfibrozil]. Fenofibrate is used to treat primary hypercholesterolemia, mixed dyslipidemia, severe hypertriglyceridemia.[L8588,L8591] Fenofibrate was granted FDA approval on 31 December 1993. | Cilostazol is a quinolinone derivative and antiplatelet agent with vasodilating properties that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral ischaemia. It is marketed under the brand name Pletal by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.. Cilostazol works by inhibiting both primary and secondary aggregation and reducing calcium-induced contractions. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
535,
24,
477
]
],
[
[
535,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
45,
477
]
],
[
[
535,
21,
28919
],
[
28919,
60,
477
]
],
[
[
535,
64,
126
],
[
126,
... | [
[
[
"Fenofibrate",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cilostazol"
]
],
[
[
"Fenofibrate",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP3A4"
],
[
"CYP3A4",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)... | Fenofibrate (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Cilostazol (Compound)
Fenofibrate (Compound) causes Arthritis (Side Effect) and Arthritis (Side Effect) is caused by Cilostazol (Compound)
Fenofibrate may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate (Compound) resembles Indomethacin (Compound) and Indomethacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fedratinib and Fedratinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lansoprazole and Lansoprazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cilostazol
Fenofibrate (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Metronidazole (Compound) and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cilostazol |
DB00241 | DB00910 | 288 | 1,041 | [
"DDInter257",
"DDInter1394"
] | Butalbital | Paricalcitol | Butalbital, or 5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid, is a derivative of barbituric acid which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by an allyl group and an isobutyl group. It is a short-to-intermediate acting member of barbiturates that exhibit muscle-relaxing and anti-anxiety properties that produce central nervous system (CNS) depression that ranges from mild sedation to general anesthesia. Butalbital has a low degree of selectivity and a narrow therapeutic index. Typically indicated to manage tension (or muscle contraction) headaches, butalbital is often combined with one or more therapeutic agents, such as acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine. There have not been clinical trials that evaluate the clinical efficacy of butalbital in migraines thus it is not indicated for such condition. As with other barbiturates | Paricalcitol is a synthetic vitamin D analog. Paricalcitol has been used to reduce parathyroid hormone levels. Paricalcitol is indicated for the prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic renal failure. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
288,
24,
1041
]
],
[
[
288,
63,
386
],
[
386,
25,
1041
]
],
[
[
288,
24,
1098
],
[
1098,
64,
1041
]
],
[
[
288,
24,
159
],
[
159,
... | [
[
[
"Butalbital",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Paricalcitol"
]
],
[
[
"Butalbital",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cholecalciferol"
],
... | Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dihydrotachysterol and Dihydrotachysterol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Larotrectinib and Larotrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital (Compound) resembles Secobarbital (Compound) and Secobarbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital (Compound) resembles Pentobarbital (Compound) and Pentobarbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ergocalciferol and Ergocalciferol (Compound) resembles Paricalcitol (Compound) and Ergocalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol (Compound) resembles Calcitriol (Compound) and Calcitriol (Compound) resembles Paricalcitol (Compound)
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Calcifediol and Calcifediol (Compound) resembles Cholecalciferol (Compound) and Calcifediol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Paricalcitol
Butalbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dihydrotachysterol and Dihydrotachysterol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Paricalcitol |
DB01166 | DB01240 | 477 | 885 | [
"DDInter379",
"DDInter657"
] | Cilostazol | Epoprostenol | Cilostazol is a quinolinone derivative and antiplatelet agent with vasodilating properties that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral ischaemia. It is marketed under the brand name Pletal by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.. Cilostazol works by inhibiting both primary and secondary aggregation and reducing calcium-induced contractions. | A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from prostaglandin endoperoxides in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
477,
24,
885
]
],
[
[
477,
63,
1061
],
[
1061,
1,
885
]
],
[
[
477,
10,
11573
],
[
11573,
49,
885
]
],
[
[
477,
21,
28684
],
[
28684,
... | [
[
[
"Cilostazol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Epoprostenol"
]
],
[
[
"Cilostazol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Treprostinil"
],
... | Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Treprostinil and Treprostinil (Compound) resembles Epoprostenol (Compound)
Cilostazol (Compound) palliates systemic scleroderma (Disease) and systemic scleroderma (Disease) is palliated by Epoprostenol (Compound)
Cilostazol (Compound) causes Hypoaesthesia (Side Effect) and Hypoaesthesia (Side Effect) is caused by Epoprostenol (Compound)
Cilostazol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Capsicum and Capsicum may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Epoprostenol
Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diclofenac and Diclofenac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Cilostazol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fedratinib and Fedratinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Cilostazol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nefazodone and Nefazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Cilostazol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Caplacizumab and Caplacizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol |
DB00907 | DB01064 | 290 | 1,148 | [
"DDInter427",
"DDInter987"
] | Cocaine (topical) | Isoprenaline | Cocaine can cause developmental toxicity and female reproductive toxicity according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts. | Isoprenaline is a non-selective beta adrenergic receptor agonist indicated to treat heart block, Adams-Stokes attacks, bronchospasm in anesthesia, cadiac arrest, hypovolemic shocks, septic shock, hypoperfusion, congestive hear failure, and cardiogenic shock.[A15638,L33160] Isoprenaline research in the 1940s found that this isopropyl analog of epinephrine dilated the bronchi, as well as raising the heart rate and cardiac output, without vasoconstriction.[A233724,A233729] The US patent from 1943 states that this compound had a wider therapeutic index and a stronger action than [adrenaline]. Isoprenaline was granted FDA approval on 19 February 1948. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
290,
25,
1148
]
],
[
[
290,
64,
1636
],
[
1636,
24,
1148
]
],
[
[
290,
25,
480
],
[
480,
24,
1148
]
],
[
[
290,
25,
584
],
[
584,
... | [
[
[
"Cocaine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Isoprenaline"
]
],
[
[
"Cocaine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Phenylephrine"
],
[
"Phenylephrine",
"{u}... | Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phenylephrine and Phenylephrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Formoterol and Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Levonordefrin and Levonordefrin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine (Compound) causes Nervousness (Side Effect) and Nervousness (Side Effect) is caused by Isoprenaline (Compound)
Cocaine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Voriconazole and Voriconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saquinavir and Saquinavir may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Grepafloxacin and Grepafloxacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Orciprenaline and Orciprenaline (Compound) resembles Isoprenaline (Compound) and Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline
Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phenylephrine and Phenylephrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Formoterol and Formoterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline |
DB00372 | DB00674 | 999 | 1,516 | [
"DDInter1793",
"DDInter802"
] | Thiethylperazine | Galantamine | A dopamine antagonist that is particularly useful in treating the nausea and vomiting associated with anesthesia, mildly emetic cancer chemotherapy agents, radiation therapy, and toxins. This piperazine phenothiazine does not prevent vertigo or motion sickness. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p457) | Galantamine is a tertiary alkaloid and reversible, competitive inhibitor of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, which is a widely studied therapeutic target used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. First characterized in the early 1950s, galantamine is a tertiary alkaloid that was extracted from botanical sources, such as _Galanthus nivalis_. Galantamine was first studied in paralytic and neuropathic conditions, such as myopathies and postpolio paralytic conditions, and for reversal of neuromuscular blockade.[A182993,A201968] Following the discovery of its AChE-inhibiting properties, the cognitive effects of galantamine were studied in a wide variety of psychiatric disorders such as mild cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and autism; however, re-development of the drug for Alzheimer’s disease did not commence until the early 1990s due to difficulties in extraction and synthesis. Galantamine blocks the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, thereby increasing acetylcholine neurotransmission. It also acts as an allosteric modulator of the nicotinic receptor, giving its dual mechanism of action clinical significance. The drug was approved by the FDA in 2001 for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. As Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, galantamine is not known to alter the course of the underlying dementing process. Galantamine works to block the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, thereby enhancing cholinergic neuron function and signalling. Under this hypothesized mechanism of action, the therapeutic effects of galantamine may decrease as the disease progression advances and fewer cholinergic neurons remain functionally intact. It is therefore not considered to be a disease-modifying drug. Galantamine is marketed under the brand name Razadyne, and is available as oral immediate- and extended-release tablets and solution. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
999,
24,
1516
]
],
[
[
999,
63,
475
],
[
475,
40,
1516
]
],
[
[
999,
24,
828
],
[
828,
40,
1516
]
],
[
[
999,
24,
19
],
[
19,
24... | [
[
[
"Thiethylperazine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Galantamine"
]
],
[
[
"Thiethylperazine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Morphine"
... | Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine (Compound) resembles Galantamine (Compound)
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxycodone and Oxycodone (Compound) resembles Galantamine (Compound)
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hyoscyamine and Hyoscyamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Galantamine
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clemastine and Clemastine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Galantamine
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium and Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Galantamine
Thiethylperazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bupropion and Bupropion may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Galantamine
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine (Compound) resembles Dihydrocodeine (Compound) and Dihydrocodeine (Compound) resembles Galantamine (Compound)
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxycodone and Oxycodone (Compound) resembles Dihydrocodeine (Compound) and Dihydrocodeine (Compound) resembles Galantamine (Compound)
Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hyoscyamine and Hyoscyamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine (Compound) resembles Galantamine (Compound) |
DB01132 | DB06791 | 1,130 | 1,446 | [
"DDInter1472",
"DDInter1021"
] | Pioglitazone | Lanreotide | Pioglitazone is an antihyperglycemic used as an adjunct to diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic medications to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L11416,L11419,L11422,L11425] It is administered as a racemic mixture, though there is no pharmacologic difference between the enantiomers and they appear to interconvert _in vivo_ with little consequence. The thiazolidinedione class of medications, which also includes [rosiglitazone] and [troglitazone], exerts its pharmacological effect primarily by promoting insulin sensitivity and the improved uptake of blood glucose via agonism at the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that are involved in the expression of more than 100 genes and affect numerous metabolic processes, most notably lipid and glucose homeostasis. Thiazolidinediones, including pioglit | Lanreotide is a drug employed in the management of acromegaly (a hormonal condition caused by excess growth hormone) in addition to symptoms caused by neuroendocrine tumors, especially carcinoid syndrome. This drug is a long-acting analog of the drug somatostatin, a growth hormone inhibitor. Lanreotide is manufactured by the company, _Ipsen Pharmaceuticals_ as lanreotide acetate, and marketed as _Somatuline_. It is approved in several countries worldwide, including the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada. Lanreotide was first approved for use in the United States by the FDA on August 30, 2007. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1130,
24,
1446
]
],
[
[
1130,
24,
154
],
[
154,
63,
1446
]
],
[
[
1130,
24,
655
],
[
655,
24,
1446
]
],
[
[
1130,
63,
1324
],
[
1324,
... | [
[
[
"Pioglitazone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Lanreotide"
]
],
[
[
"Pioglitazone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Lurasidone"
],
... | Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lurasidone and Lurasidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Etravirine and Etravirine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Troglitazone and Troglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Nifedipine and Nifedipine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lurasidone and Lurasidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Darolutamide and Darolutamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Larotrectinib and Larotrectinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Darolutamide and Darolutamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Troglitazone and Troglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Darolutamide and Darolutamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ripretinib and Ripretinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lorlatinib and Lorlatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide
Pioglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin human and Insulin human may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lurasidone and Lurasidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lanreotide |
DB01284 | DB11988 | 1,042 | 270 | [
"DDInter1782",
"DDInter1321"
] | Tetracosactide | Ocrelizumab | Tetracosactide (also known as Cosyntropin) is a synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment (sequence: SYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYP) at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. Tetracosactide exhibits the same activity as natural ACTH with regard to all its biological activities. The complex results in a product whose absorption in man is effected over a longer period of time as compared to corticotropin. Therefore, therapy may be maintained with less frequent administration. | Ocrelizumab is a CD20-directed cytolytic antibody indicated for the treatment of patients with primary progressive or relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is a second-generation recombinant humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively targets B-cells that express the CD20 antigen. Compared to non-humanized CD20 antibodies such as [rituximab], ocrelizumab is expected to be less immunogenic with repeated infusions, improving the benefit-to-risk profile for patients with MS.[A18875,A251745] MS is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that leads to neurological disabilities and a significantly reduced quality of life. Most patients with MS experience episodes of relapses with worsening function, followed by recovery periods or remissions. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) accounts for 10-15% of the overall population of patients with MS, and leads to the gradual worsening of neurologic disability from symptom onset, often without early relapses or remissions . Developed by Genentech/Roche, ocrelizumab was approved by the FDA in March 2017 under the market name Ocrevus for intravenous injection. It was later approved by Health Canada in August 2017, making the drug the first available treatment for PPMS in both the US and Canada. In clinical trials of patients with relapsing forms of MS, treatment with ocrelizumab resulted in reduced relapse rates and reduced worsening of disability compared to [interferon beta-1a]. In phase 3 clinical trials of patients with PPMS, treatment with ocrelizumab led to lower clinical and MRI progression rates compared to placebo. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1042,
24,
270
]
],
[
[
1042,
24,
713
],
[
713,
24,
270
]
],
[
[
1042,
24,
287
],
[
287,
63,
270
]
],
[
[
1042,
63,
66
],
[
66,
2... | [
[
[
"Tetracosactide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Ocrelizumab"
]
],
[
[
"Tetracosactide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dimethyl fumarate"... | Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dimethyl fumarate and Dimethyl fumarate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diroximel fumarate and Diroximel fumarate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Efalizumab and Efalizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen and Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tofacitinib and Tofacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Natalizumab and Natalizumab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dimethyl fumarate and Dimethyl fumarate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enfortumab vedotin and Enfortumab vedotin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab
Tetracosactide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rilonacept and Rilonacept may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Zinc gluconate and Zinc gluconate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ocrelizumab |
DB00536 | DB00782 | 1,225 | 1,123 | [
"DDInter848",
"DDInter1535"
] | Guanidine | Propantheline | A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC. | A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1225,
24,
1123
]
],
[
[
1225,
21,
28956
],
[
28956,
60,
1123
]
],
[
[
1225,
24,
1192
],
[
1192,
63,
1123
]
],
[
[
1225,
24,
1442
],
[
... | [
[
[
"Guanidine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Propantheline"
]
],
[
[
"Guanidine",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Palpitations"
],
[
"Palpitations",
"{u} (Side Effect) ... | Guanidine (Compound) causes Palpitations (Side Effect) and Palpitations (Side Effect) is caused by Propantheline (Compound)
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium and Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Scopolamine and Scopolamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hyoscyamine and Hyoscyamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Guanidine (Compound) causes Palpitations (Side Effect) and Palpitations (Side Effect) is caused by Hydrochlorothiazide (Compound) and Hydrochlorothiazide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Propantheline
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium and Glycopyrronium (Compound) binds CHRM1 (Gene) and CHRM1 (Gene) is bound by Propantheline (Compound)
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clidinium and Clidinium (Compound) resembles Isopropamide (Compound) and Isopropamide (Compound) resembles Propantheline (Compound)
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hyoscyamine and Hyoscyamine (Compound) treats pancreatitis (Disease) and pancreatitis (Disease) is treated by Propantheline (Compound)
Guanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trospium and Trospium (Compound) binds CHRM1 (Gene) and CHRM1 (Gene) is bound by Propantheline (Compound) |
DB00285 | DB01001 | 1,100 | 688 | [
"DDInter1927",
"DDInter1632"
] | Venlafaxine | Salbutamol | Venlafaxine is an antidepressant and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Its active metabolite, [desvenlafaxine], works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are key neurotransmitters in mood regulation. Venlafaxine is officially approved to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in adults. The immediate formulation of the drug, marketed as Effexor, was first approved by the FDA in 1993 and the extended-release formulation, Effexor XR, was later introduced in 1997. Venlafaxine has been used as a first-line treatment for MDD, GAD, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in Canada for many years. It was also considered a second-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).[A177226,A177235] Venl | Salbutamol is a short-acting, selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma and COPD. It is 29 times more selective for beta2 receptors than beta1 receptors giving it higher specificity for pulmonary beta receptors versus beta1-adrenergic receptors located in the heart. Salbutamol is formulated as a racemic mixture of the R- and S-isomers. The R-isomer has 150 times greater affinity for the beta2-receptor than the S-isomer and the S-isomer has been associated with toxicity. This lead to the development of levalbuterol, the single R-isomer of salbutamol. However, the high cost of levalbuterol compared to salbutamol has deterred wide-spread use of this enantiomerically pure version of the drug. Salbutamol is generally used for acute episodes of bronchospasm caused by bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and other chronic bronchopulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). It is also used prophylactically for exercise-induced asthma.[Label,A174379,A174400] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1100,
24,
688
]
],
[
[
1100,
24,
874
],
[
874,
24,
688
]
],
[
[
1100,
24,
1148
],
[
1148,
63,
688
]
],
[
[
1100,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
... | [
[
[
"Venlafaxine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Salbutamol"
]
],
[
[
"Venlafaxine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Epinephrine"
],
[... | Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epinephrine and Epinephrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol
Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline and Isoprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol
Venlafaxine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Salbutamol (Compound)
Venlafaxine (Compound) causes Asthenia (Side Effect) and Asthenia (Side Effect) is caused by Salbutamol (Compound)
Venlafaxine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Salbutamol
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Vandetanib and Vandetanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phenylpropanolamine and Phenylpropanolamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol
Venlafaxine (Compound) resembles Desvenlafaxine (Compound) and Des
Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol |
DB00470 | DB12332 | 530 | 1,619 | [
"DDInter601",
"DDInter1626"
] | Dronabinol | Rucaparib | Dronabinol (marketed as Marinol) is a synthetic form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis (marijuana). THC demonstrates its effects through weak partial agonist activity at Cannabinoid-1 (CB1R) and Cannabinoid-2 (CB2R) receptors, which results in the well-known effects of smoking cannabis such as increased appetite, reduced pain, and changes in emotional and cognitive processes. Due to its evidence as an appetite stimulant and an anti-nauseant, Dronabinol is approved for use in anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS and for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conventional antiemetic treatments [FDA Label]. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the two most abundant cannabinoids found naturally in | Rucaparib is an anticancer drug and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. PARP is an enzyme that plays an essential role in DNA repair. Rucaparib is proposed to work in several PARP-dependent and PARP-independent mechanisms of action; however, it causes a unique effect of synthetic lethality. By targeting the genetically-mutated cancer cells that lack a DNA repair mechanism, rucaparib causes cancer cell death and reduces tumour growth.[A18745,A31354] Rucaparib was granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation in April 2015 and accelerated approval in December 2016. The drug was later approved by the European Commission in May 2018. It is currently used to treat recurrent ovarian and prostate cancer in adults.[L42155,L42185] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
530,
24,
1619
]
],
[
[
530,
24,
222
],
[
222,
23,
1619
]
],
[
[
530,
23,
307
],
[
307,
23,
1619
]
],
[
[
530,
63,
1407
],
[
1407,
... | [
[
[
"Dronabinol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Rucaparib"
]
],
[
[
"Dronabinol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Sibutramine"
],
[
... | Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Modafinil and Modafinil may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eszopiclone and Eszopiclone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ramelteon and Ramelteon may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Larotrectinib and Larotrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tramadol and Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dextropropoxyphene and Dextropropoxyphene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Delavirdine and Delavirdine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tizanidine and Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rucaparib |
DB08932 | DB09122 | 1,398 | 1,613 | [
"DDInter1111",
"DDInter1409"
] | Macitentan | Peginterferon beta-1a | Macitentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. It was first approved by the FDA in 2013. Macitentan differs from its predecessor [bosentan] due to its lower risk of hepatotoxicity. | Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, disrupting communication between the brain and other parts of the body. Most patients diagnosed with this illness experience their initial disease symptoms between the age of 20 to 40, often the most productive years of life. Symptoms may include but are not limited to fatigue, gait changes, bowel or bladder dysfunction, abnormal muscle twitching, vision disturbance, and depressing or mood swings. MS is one of the most common causes of neurological disability in young adults and is found to occur more frequently in women than in men.[A176474,L5792] Peginterferon beta-1a is an interferon therapy used for the management of relapsing forms of MS. It was originally approved by the FDA in 2014 for subcutaneous use, and was approved for intramuscular use in January 2021. Currently, it is the only approved pegylated interferon for the management of MS with an proven ability to reduce relapses and delay the progression of disability resulting from MS. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1398,
24,
1613
]
],
[
[
1398,
63,
600
],
[
600,
24,
1613
]
],
[
[
1398,
24,
351
],
[
351,
63,
1613
]
],
[
[
1398,
64,
609
],
[
609,
... | [
[
[
"Macitentan",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Peginterferon beta-1a"
]
],
[
[
"Macitentan",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Fluconazole"
... | Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluvastatin and Fluvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cannabidiol and Cannabidiol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib and Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluvastatin and Fluvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a
Macitentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix and Elagolix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cannabidiol and Cannabidiol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Peginterferon beta-1a |
DB00889 | DB06176 | 1,133 | 1,342 | [
"DDInter840",
"DDInter1616"
] | Granisetron | Romidepsin | A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic and antinauseant for cancer chemotherapy patients. | Romidepsin is a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase, approved in the US in 2009 for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1133,
24,
1342
]
],
[
[
1133,
23,
1247
],
[
1247,
23,
1342
]
],
[
[
1133,
24,
956
],
[
956,
24,
1342
]
],
[
[
1133,
63,
485
],
[
485,
... | [
[
[
"Granisetron",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Romidepsin"
]
],
[
[
"Granisetron",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Sulfamethoxazole"
],
... | Granisetron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Norfloxacin and Norfloxacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pentamidine and Pentamidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Histrelin and Histrelin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Phenobarbital and Phenobarbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Maprotiline and Maprotiline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Trazodone and Trazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Lasmiditan and Lasmiditan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Romidepsin
Granisetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Halofantrine and Halofantrine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Romidepsin |
DB00906 | DB04868 | 1,567 | 478 | [
"DDInter1801",
"DDInter1293"
] | Tiagabine | Nilotinib | Tiagabine is an anti-convulsive medication. It is also used in the treatment for panic disorder as are a few other anticonvulsants. Though the exact mechanism by which tiagabine exerts its effect on the human body is unknown, it does appear to operate as a selective GABA reuptake inhibitor. | Nilotinib, also known as AMN107, is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation as a possible treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). A Phase I clinical trial in 2006 showed that this drug was relatively safe and offered significant therapeutic benefits in cases of CML which were found to be resistant to treatment with imatinib (Gleevec), another tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as a first-line treatment for CML. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1567,
24,
478
]
],
[
[
1567,
6,
8374
],
[
8374,
45,
478
]
],
[
[
1567,
21,
28963
],
[
28963,
60,
478
]
],
[
[
1567,
24,
1040
],
[
1040... | [
[
[
"Tiagabine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Nilotinib"
]
],
[
[
"Tiagabine",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP3A4"
],
[
"CYP3A4",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
... | Tiagabine (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Nilotinib (Compound)
Tiagabine (Compound) causes Anxiety (Side Effect) and Anxiety (Side Effect) is caused by Nilotinib (Compound)
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sirolimus and Sirolimus may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chlorpheniramine and Chlorpheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lapatinib and Lapatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mefloquine and Mefloquine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nilotinib
Tiagabine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Imatinib and Imatinib (Compound) resembles Nilotinib (Compound) and Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nilotinib |
DB00186 | DB04837 | 905 | 649 | [
"DDInter1092",
"DDInter407"
] | Lorazepam | Clofedanol | Lorazepam is a short-acting and rapidly cleared benzodiazepine used commonly as a sedative and anxiolytic. It was developed by DJ Richards, presented and marketed initially by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals in the USA in 1977. The first historic FDA label approval is reported in 1985 by the company Mutual Pharm. | Clofedanol is a centrally-acting cough suppressant available in Canada under the trade name Ulone. It is not available in the United States. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
905,
24,
649
]
],
[
[
905,
24,
1376
],
[
1376,
24,
649
]
],
[
[
905,
40,
11275
],
[
11275,
40,
649
]
],
[
[
905,
24,
832
],
[
832,
... | [
[
[
"Lorazepam",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Clofedanol"
]
],
[
[
"Lorazepam",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Diphenhydramine"
],
[... | Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam (Compound) resembles Chlorprothixene (Compound) and Chlorprothixene (Compound) resembles Clofedanol (Compound)
Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tripelennamine and Tripelennamine (Compound) resembles Clofedanol (Compound)
Lorazepam (Compound) resembles Midazolam (Compound) and Midazolam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pentoxyverine and Pentoxyverine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine (Compound) resembles Clofedanol (Compound) and Carbinoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine (Compound) resembles Amitriptyline (Compound) and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Amitriptyline and Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol
Lorazepam (Compound) resembles Chlorprothixene (Compound) and Chlorprothixene (Compound) resembles Amitriptyline (Compound) and Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol |
DB00065 | DB00564 | 581 | 1,236 | [
"DDInter923",
"DDInter293"
] | Infliximab | Carbamazepine | Infliximab is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha or TNF-α) blocker and a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody composed of human constant (75%) and murine variable (25%) regions. Infliximab is produced by a recombinant cell line cultured by continuous perfusion. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a key proinflammatory cytokine involved in chronic inflammatory diseases. Its hyperactivity and enhanced signalling pathways can be observed in inflammatory diseases where it activates further pro-inflammatory cascades. By binding to both the soluble subunit and the membrane-bound precursor of TNF-α, infliximab disrupts the interaction of TNF-α with its receptors and may also cause lysis of cells that produce TNF-α. Infliximab was first approved by the FDA in 1998 under the market name Remicade as an intravenous injection. It is indicated for the treatment | Carbamazepine, also known as Tegretol, is an anticonvulsant drug and analgesic drug used to control seizures and to treat pain resulting from trigeminal neuralgia. It was initially approved by the FDA in 1965. Aside from the above uses, this drug is also given to control the symptoms of bipolar 1. Interestingly, carbamazepine was the first anticonvulsant used to treat individuals with bipolar disorder. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
581,
24,
1236
]
],
[
[
581,
24,
362
],
[
362,
1,
1236
]
],
[
[
581,
25,
1101
],
[
1101,
23,
1236
]
],
[
[
581,
24,
608
],
[
608,
... | [
[
[
"Infliximab",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Carbamazepine"
]
],
[
[
"Infliximab",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Phenytoin"
],
[
... | Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phenytoin and Phenytoin (Compound) resembles Carbamazepine (Compound)
Infliximab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lidocaine and Lidocaine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alemtuzumab and Alemtuzumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Blinatumomab and Blinatumomab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Medroxyprogesterone acetate and Medroxyprogesterone acetate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Asparaginase Escherichia coli and Asparaginase Escherichia coli may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine
Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Interferon beta-1a and Interferon beta-1a may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine |
DB00193 | DB09272 | 534 | 412 | [
"DDInter1841",
"DDInter632"
] | Tramadol | Eluxadoline | Tramadol is a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic and SNRI (serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake-inhibitor) that is structurally related to [codeine] and [morphine]. Due to its good tolerability profile and multimodal mechanism of action, tramadol is generally considered a lower-risk opioid option for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. It is considered a Step 2 option on the World Health Organization's pain ladder and has about 1/10th of the potency of [morphine]. Tramadol differs from other traditional opioid medications in that it doesn't just act as a μ-opioid agonist, but also affects monoamines by modulating the effects of neurotransmitters involved in the modulation of pain such as serotonin and norepinpehrine which activate descending pain inhibitory pathways. Tramadol's effects on serotonin and norepinephrine mimic the effects of other SNRI antidepressants such as [dul | Eluxadoline is a mixed mu-opioid receptor agonist, kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and a-delta opioid receptor antagonist indicated for use in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The mu-, kappa-, and delta-opioid receptors mediate endogenous and exogenous opioid response in the central nervous system and peripherally in the gastrointestinal system. Agonism of peripheral mu-opioid receptors results in reduced colonic motility, while antagonism of central delta-opioid receptors results in improved analgesia, making eluxadoline usable for the symptoms of both pain and diarrhea characteristic of IBS-D. Marketed under the tradename Viberzi (FDA), eluxadoline is an antimotility agent that decreases bowel contractions, inhibits colonic transit, and reduces fluid/ion secretion resulting in improved symptoms of abdominal pain and reductions in the Bristol Stool Scale. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
534,
24,
412
]
],
[
[
534,
24,
1594
],
[
1594,
24,
412
]
],
[
[
534,
25,
475
],
[
475,
24,
412
]
],
[
[
534,
25,
407
],
[
407,
6... | [
[
[
"Tramadol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Eluxadoline"
]
],
[
[
"Tramadol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Doxylamine"
],
[
... | Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxylamine and Doxylamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Opium and Opium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lapatinib and Lapatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxylamine and Doxylamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trihexyphenidyl and Trihexyphenidyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Loperamide and Loperamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxylamine and Doxylamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone and Abiraterone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Boceprevir and Boceprevir may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxylamine and Doxylamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline
Tramadol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Astemizole and Astemizole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Delavirdine and Delavirdine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eluxadoline |
DB09291 | DB11967 | 741 | 710 | [
"DDInter1615",
"DDInter210"
] | Rolapitant | Binimetinib | Rolapitant is a potent, highly selective, long-acting Neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist approved for the prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in adults. Delayed-phase CINV typically occurs >24 hours after chemotherapy treatment and is principally mediated by Neurokinin-1 and its ligand Substance P, which is released in the gut following chemotherapy administration. Neurokinin-1 is also known as Tachykinin Receptor 1 (TACR1), Neurokinin 1 Receptor (NK1R), and Substance P Receptor (SPR). By blocking Substance P from interacting with NK-1 receptors in the gut and the central nervous system, rolapitant prevents late-phase CINV. Unlike other available NK-1 receptor antagonists, rolapitant is not an inhibitor of Cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4 and has a long elimination half-life, allowing a single dose to | Binimetinib, also known as _Mektovi_, is a potent and selective oral mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MEK 1/2) inhibitor which is combined with [Encorafenib].[A34275,L3335] On June 27, 2018, the Food and Drug Administration approved the combination of [Encorafenib] and binimetinib (BRAFTOVI and MEKTOVI, from Array BioPharma Inc.) in combination for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with the BRAF V600E or V600K mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
741,
24,
710
]
],
[
[
741,
63,
1237
],
[
1237,
24,
710
]
],
[
[
741,
24,
733
],
[
733,
63,
710
]
],
[
[
741,
64,
129
],
[
129,
2... | [
[
[
"Rolapitant",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Binimetinib"
]
],
[
[
"Rolapitant",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Clomipramine"
],
[... | Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clomipramine and Clomipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eslicarbazepine and Eslicarbazepine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Niraparib and Niraparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clomipramine and Clomipramine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Crizotinib and Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Eslicarbazepine and Eslicarbazepine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Crizotinib and Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Delavirdine and Delavirdine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib
Rolapitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Delavirdine and Delavirdine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Binimetinib |
DB01082 | DB14006 | 1,448 | 972 | [
"DDInter1713",
"DDInter370"
] | Streptomycin | Choline salicylate | Streptomycin, an antibiotic derived from _Streptomyces griseus_, was the first aminoglycoside to be discovered and used in practice in the 1940s.[A233325,A233390] Selman Waksman and eventually Albert Schatz were recognized with the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discovery of streptomycin and its antibacterial activity.[A233325,A232294] Although streptomycin was the first antibiotic determined to be effective against mycobacterium tuberculosis, it has fallen out of favor due to resistance and is now primarily used as adjunctive treatment in cases of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. | Choline salicylate is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever agent that is related to aspirin. It is used to decrease swelling and to treat mild-moderate pain. It is used to treat arthritis in both children and adults. This medicine can also be used for fever . Choline Salicylate is the choline salt of salicylic acid, used as an analgesic, antipyretic and antirheumatic. It relieves mild to moderate pain and reduce fever and inflammation or swelling. Choline salicylate is effective in the treatment of gout, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis and muscle injuries . This drug is also a main ingredient in teething gels to relieve pains associated with tooth growth in the infant population . The UK government has regulated its use, due to toxicity in those under 16 years of age. Topical oral salicylate gels are no longer indicated for people younger than 16 years for pain associated with infant teething, orthodontic devices, cold sores, or mouth ulcers . | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1448,
24,
972
]
],
[
[
1448,
63,
660
],
[
660,
23,
972
]
],
[
[
1448,
24,
379
],
[
379,
23,
972
]
],
[
[
1448,
63,
1132
],
[
1132,
... | [
[
[
"Streptomycin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Choline salicylate"
]
],
[
[
"Streptomycin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Esomeprazole"
... | Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esomeprazole and Esomeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rabeprazole and Rabeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Gentamicin and Gentamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin (Compound) resembles Kanamycin (Compound) and Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Kanamycin and Kanamycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esomeprazole and Esomeprazole (Compound) resembles Rabeprazole (Compound) and Rabeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rabeprazole and Rabeprazole (Compound) resembles Esomeprazole (Compound) and Esomeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexlansoprazole and Dexlansoprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Clopidogrel and Clopidogrel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lansoprazole and Lansoprazole (Compound) resembles Esomeprazole (Compound) and Esomeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Streptomycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Gentamicin and Gentamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esomeprazole and Esomeprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate |
DB08827 | DB11837 | 990 | 1,297 | [
"DDInter1085",
"DDInter1351"
] | Lomitapide | Osilodrostat | Lomitapide is a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor used in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients. It is marketed under the name Juxtapid (R). | Osilodrostat is an inhibitor of 11β-hydroxylase (also referred to as CYP11B1), the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of endogenous cortisol. It is used to lower circulating cortisol levels in the treatment of Cushing's disease, a disorder in which cortisol levels are chronically and supraphysiologically elevated. Cushing's disease is often the result of ACTH hypersecretion secondary to a pituitary tumor, and surgical resection of the tumour is generally the treatment of choice. As an orally bioavailable drug therapy, osilodrostat provides a novel treatment option for patients in whom removal of the causative tumor is not an option or for whom previous pituitary surgery has not been curative. Osilodrostat is manufactured by Novartis under the brand name Isturisa. It has undergone phase II clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumours, hypertension, and heart failure, but development for these indications was discontinued by Novartis in January 2013. Osilodrostat was approved for use in the EU in January 2020 for the treatment of endogenous Cushing's syndrome (i.e. Cushing's disease), and was granted FDA approval and Orphan Drug designation in the US in March 2020 for the same indication. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
990,
24,
1297
]
],
[
[
990,
23,
1135
],
[
1135,
23,
1297
]
],
[
[
990,
25,
1320
],
[
1320,
63,
1297
]
],
[
[
990,
63,
578
],
[
578,
... | [
[
[
"Lomitapide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Osilodrostat"
]
],
[
[
"Lomitapide",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Naloxegol"
],
[
... | Lomitapide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Naloxegol and Naloxegol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Elagolix and Elagolix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ticagrelor and Ticagrelor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib and Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Brigatinib and Brigatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Lenvatinib and Lenvatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osilodrostat
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pirfenidone and Pirfenidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Osilodrostat |
DB02546 | DB09564 | 137 | 1,296 | [
"DDInter1947",
"DDInter930"
] | Vorinostat | Insulin degludec | Vorinostat (rINN) or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), is a drug currently under investigation for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), a type of skin cancer, to be used when the disease persists, gets worse, or comes back during or after treatment with other medicines. It is the first in a new class of agents known as histone deacetylase inhibitors. A recent study suggested that vorinostat also possesses some activity against recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, resulting in a median overall survival of 5.7 months (compared to 4 - 4.4 months in earlier studies). Further brain tumor trials are planned using combinations of vorinostat with other drugs. | Insulin degludec is an ultra-long-acting form of insulin used for the treatment of hyperglycemia caused by Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin is typically prescribed for the management of diabetes mellitus to mimic the activity of endogenously produced human insulin, a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas that promotes glucose metabolism.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin is released from the pancreas following a meal to promote the uptake of glucose from the blood into internal organs and tissues such as the liver, fat cells, and skeletal muscle.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Absorption of glucose into cells allows for its transformation into glycogen or fat for storage.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin also inhibits hepatic glucose production, enhances protein synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and proteolysis among many other functions.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin is an essential treatment in the management of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) which is caused by an autoimmune reaction that destroys the beta cells of the pancreas, resulting in the body not being able to produce or synthesize the insulin needed to manage circulating blood sugar levels.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] As a result, people with T1D rely primarily on exogenous forms of insulin, such as insulin degludec, to lower glucose levels in the blood.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin is also used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), another form of diabetes mellitus that is a slowly progressing metabolic disorder caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors that promote chronically elevated blood sugar levels.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Without treatment or improvement in non-pharmacological measures such as diet and exercise to lower blood glucose, high blood sugar eventually causes cellular resistance to endogenous insulin, and in the long term, damage to pancreatic islet cells.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin is typically prescribed later in the course of T2D, after several oral medications such as , , or have been tried, when sufficient damage has been caused to pancreatic cells that the body is no longer able to produce insulin on its own.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Marketed as the brand name product Tresiba, insulin degludec has a duration of action up to 42 hours allowing for once-daily dosing, typically at bedtime.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Due to its duration of action, Tresiba is considered "basal insulin" as it provides low concentrations of background insulin that can keep blood sugar stable between meals or overnight.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Basal insulin is often combined with short-acting "bolus insulin" such as , , or to provide higher doses of insulin required following meals. Use of basal and bolus insulin together is intended to mimic the pancreas' production of endogenous insulin, with the goal of avoiding any periods of hypoglycemia.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Compared to endogenous insulin, insulin degludec has an added hexadecanedioic acid on lysine at the B29 position, allowing for the formation of multi-hexamers.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] When injected subcutaneously, these multi-hexamers form a drug depot store from which monomers are slowly and continuously absorbed into circulation.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] As a result, Insulin Degludec has a protracted time action profile due to the delayed absorption from subcutaneous tissue depots into the systemic circulation.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Compared to available long-acting analogs such as and , which have a duration of action of 20-24 hours, insulin degludec provides a consistent level of basal insulin over 42 hours with a low peak: trough ratio.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Limitations of shorter-acting analogs include more frequent dosing and less stable pharmacokinetics, which may negatively impact patient adherence and glucose control, particularly nocturnal control.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Without an adequate supply of insulin to promote absorption of glucose from the bloodstream, blood sugar levels can climb to dangerously high levels and can result in symptoms such as fatigue, headache, blurred vision, and increased thirst.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] If left untreated, the body starts to break down fat, instead of glucose, for energy which results in a build-up of ketone acids in the blood and a syndrome called ketoacidosis, which is a life-threatening medical emergency. In the long term, elevated blood sugar levels increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetic neuropathy.[A18561,A18562,A18563,A18564,A174934] Insulin Degludec was approved by the FDA in September 2015 as the product Tresiba, for use in providing glycemic control to adults with diabetes mellitus. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
137,
24,
1296
]
],
[
[
137,
63,
1411
],
[
1411,
24,
1296
]
],
[
[
137,
24,
761
],
[
761,
24,
1296
]
],
[
[
137,
24,
1385
],
[
1385,
... | [
[
[
"Vorinostat",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Insulin degludec"
]
],
[
[
"Vorinostat",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Tolbutamide"
],
... | Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saxagliptin and Saxagliptin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Semaglutide and Semaglutide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Amcinonide and Amcinonide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Saxagliptin and Saxagliptin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Amcinonide and Amcinonide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Empagliflozin and Empagliflozin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phentolamine and Phentolamine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Troglitazone and Troglitazone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Amcinonide and Amcinonide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat (Compound) downregulates CDC20 (Gene) and CDC20 (Gene) is downregulated by Phentolamine (Compound) and Phentolamine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec
Vorinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Methylcellulose and Methylcellulose may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Insulin degludec |
DB00757 | DB01041 | 1,166 | 770 | [
"DDInter581",
"DDInter1789"
] | Dolasetron | Thalidomide | Dolasetron is an antinauseant and antiemetic agent indicated for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately-emetogenic cancer chemotherapy and for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Dolasetron is a highly specific and selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. This drug is not shown to have activity at other known serotonin receptors, and has low affinity for dopamine receptors. | A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, thalidomide was withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of inflammatory disorders and cancers. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity through modulating the release of inflammatory mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and other cytokine action. Due to severe teratogenicity, pregnancy must be excluded before the start of treatment and patients must enrol in the THALIDOMID Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program to ensure contraception adherence. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1166,
24,
770
]
],
[
[
1166,
6,
6017
],
[
6017,
45,
770
]
],
[
[
1166,
21,
29425
],
[
29425,
60,
770
]
],
[
[
1166,
25,
609
],
[
609,
... | [
[
[
"Dolasetron",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Thalidomide"
]
],
[
[
"Dolasetron",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP2C9"
],
[
"CYP2C9",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)"... | Dolasetron (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Thalidomide (Compound)
Dolasetron (Compound) causes Myocardial ischaemia (Side Effect) and Myocardial ischaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Thalidomide (Compound)
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Astemizole and Astemizole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Procainamide and Procainamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propofol and Propofol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tacrine and Tacrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dezocine and Dezocine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide
Dolasetron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide |
DB00009 | DB00790 | 1,271 | 664 | [
"DDInter56",
"DDInter1431"
] | Alteplase | Perindopril | Alteplase is a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) used as a thrombolytic agent. It cleaves plasminogen to form plasmin, an enzyme involved in the degradation of fibrin clots. In the absence of fibrin, the alteplase-mediated conversion of plasminogen is limited, thanks to the high affinity between alteplase and fibrin.[A252330,L43125] Alteplase is a purified glycoprotein of 527 amino acids expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.[A252345,L43125] It was first approved by the FDA in 1987 for the management of thromboembolic disease, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The use of alteplase to manage AMI has decreased thanks to the availability of safer treatments such as angioplasty and stenting. However, its use for the treatment of acute ischem | Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, its active metabolite, following oral administration. Perindoprilat is a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Perindopril may be used to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension, mild to moderate congestive heart failure, and to reduce the cardiovascular risk of individuals with hypertension or post-myocardial infarction and stable coronary disease. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1271,
24,
664
]
],
[
[
1271,
24,
1638
],
[
1638,
1,
664
]
],
[
[
1271,
24,
954
],
[
954,
40,
664
]
],
[
[
1271,
24,
885
],
[
885,
... | [
[
[
"Alteplase",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Perindopril"
]
],
[
[
"Alteplase",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Trandolapril"
],
[
... | Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trandolapril and Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound)
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Quinapril and Quinapril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound)
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol and Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Perindopril
Alteplase may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enoxaparin and Enoxaparin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Perindopril
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diclofenac and Diclofenac may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Perindopril
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trandolapril and Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Ramipril (Compound) and Ramipril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound)
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Quinapril and Quinapril (Compound) resembles Trandolapril (Compound) and Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound)
Alteplase may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol and Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trandolapril and Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound)
Alteplase may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enoxaparin and Enoxaparin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trandolapril and Trandolapril (Compound) resembles Perindopril (Compound) |
DB00491 | DB09381 | 127 | 192 | [
"DDInter1217",
"DDInter678"
] | Miglitol | Esterified estrogens | Miglitol inhibits the breakdown complex carbohydrates into glucose. It is primarily used in diabetes mellitus type 2 for establishing greater glycemic control by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides) into monosaccharides which can be absorbed by the body. Miglitol should be taken at the start of a meal for maximal effect and the effect will depend on the amount of poly and oligosaccharides in the diet. Miglitol inhibits alpha-glucosidase, making less sugars available for digestion and reducing postprandial hyperglycemia. Unlike other drugs of the same class, miglitol is not metabolized and the unmetabolized drug is excreted by the kidneys. | Esterified estrogens contain a mixture of estrogenic substances; the principle component is estrone. Preparations contain 75% to 85% sodium estrone sulfate and 6% to 15% sodium equilin sulfate such that the total is not <90%. Esterified estrogens are a man-made mixture of estrogens that are used to treat symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, vaginal burning or irritation, or other hormonal changes in the vagina. It is being also for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
127,
24,
192
]
],
[
[
127,
24,
1019
],
[
1019,
63,
192
]
],
[
[
127,
63,
1685
],
[
1685,
24,
192
]
],
[
[
127,
24,
1040
],
[
1040,
... | [
[
[
"Miglitol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Esterified estrogens"
]
],
[
[
"Miglitol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Deflazacort"
],
... | Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Deflazacort and Deflazacort may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin human and Insulin human may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Deflazacort and Deflazacort may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Liraglutide and Liraglutide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin human and Insulin human may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Deflazacort and Deflazacort may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib and Dabrafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine and Cimetidine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acetohexamide and Acetohexamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine and Cimetidine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone and Fludrocortisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Liraglutide and Liraglutide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Esterified estrogens
Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Betamethasone and Betamethasone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hyaluronidase and Hyaluronidase may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Esterified estrogens |
DB01211 | DB11718 | 609 | 927 | [
"DDInter393",
"DDInter640"
] | Clarithromycin | Encorafenib | Clarithromycin, a semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from erythromycin, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit. Binding inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with amino acid translocation during the translation and protein assembly process. Clarithromycin may be bacteriostatic or bactericidal depending on the organism and drug concentration. | Encorafenib, also known as _BRAFTOVI_, is a kinase inhibitor. Encorafenib inhibits BRAF gene, which encodes for B-raf protein, which is a proto-oncogene involved in various genetic mutations. This protein plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERK signaling pathway, which impacts cell division, differentiation, and secretion. Mutations in this gene, most frequently the V600E mutation, are the most commonly identified cancer-causing mutations in melanoma, and have been isolated in various other cancers as well, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, thyroid carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia and adenocarcinoma of the lung. On June 27, 2018, the Food and Drug Administration approved encorafenib and [binimetinib] (BRAFTOVI and MEKTOVI, Array BioPharma Inc.) in combination for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
609,
25,
927
]
],
[
[
609,
62,
112
],
[
112,
23,
927
]
],
[
[
609,
24,
720
],
[
720,
24,
927
]
],
[
[
609,
63,
216
],
[
216,
24,... | [
[
[
"Clarithromycin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Encorafenib"
]
],
[
[
"Clarithromycin",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
[
"... | Clarithromycin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mineral oil and Mineral oil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chlorpromazine and Chlorpromazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Vardenafil and Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tolvaptan and Tolvaptan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lithium carbonate and Lithium carbonate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Fexofenadine and Fexofenadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Entrectinib and Entrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib
Clarithromycin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ambrisentan and Ambrisentan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Encorafenib |
DB00285 | DB01088 | 1,100 | 714 | [
"DDInter1927",
"DDInter908"
] | Venlafaxine | Iloprost | Venlafaxine is an antidepressant and a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Its active metabolite, [desvenlafaxine], works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are key neurotransmitters in mood regulation. Venlafaxine is officially approved to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in adults. The immediate formulation of the drug, marketed as Effexor, was first approved by the FDA in 1993 and the extended-release formulation, Effexor XR, was later introduced in 1997. Venlafaxine has been used as a first-line treatment for MDD, GAD, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in Canada for many years. It was also considered a second-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).[A177226,A177235] Venl | Iloprost is a mimetic of prostacyclin (PGI2; epoprostenol). Iloprost consists of a mixture of the 4R and 4S diastereoisomers at a ratio of approximately 53:47. It is a potent vasodilator with reported anti-thrombotic properties. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1100,
24,
714
]
],
[
[
1100,
24,
1479
],
[
1479,
24,
714
]
],
[
[
1100,
63,
1648
],
[
1648,
24,
714
]
],
[
[
1100,
24,
1564
],
[
1564,... | [
[
[
"Venlafaxine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Iloprost"
]
],
[
[
"Venlafaxine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Acetylsalicylic acid"
]... | Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acetylsalicylic acid and Acetylsalicylic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Aldesleukin and Aldesleukin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Defibrotide and Defibrotide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fenfluramine and Fenfluramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine (Compound) resembles Desvenlafaxine (Compound) and Des
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Betrixaban and Betrixaban may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iloprost
Venlafaxine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cabozantinib and Cabozantinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iloprost |
DB00554 | DB00927 | 1,027 | 1,559 | [
"DDInter1478",
"DDInter712"
] | Piroxicam | Famotidine | A cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that is well established in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and used for musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and postoperative pain. Its long half-life enables it to be administered once daily. | Famotidine is a competitive histamine-2 (H<sub>2</sub>) receptor antagonist that works to inhibit gastric acid secretion. It is commonly used in gastrointestinal conditions related to acid secretion, such as gastric ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in adults and children. Compared to other H<sub>2</sub> receptor antagonists, famotidine displays high selectivity towards this receptor; in a study consisting of healthy volunteers and patients with acid hypersecretory disease, famotidine was about 20 to 50 times more potent at inhibiting gastric acid secretion than [cimetidine] and eight times more potent than [ranitidine] on a weight basis. Famotidine is used in various over-the-counter and off-label uses. While oral formulations of famotidine are more commonly used, the intravenous solution of the drug is available for use in hospital settings. | Minor | 0 | [
[
[
1027,
23,
1559
]
],
[
[
1027,
6,
16560
],
[
16560,
45,
1559
]
],
[
[
1027,
24,
1274
],
[
1274,
23,
1559
]
],
[
[
1027,
25,
1468
],
[
1... | [
[
[
"Piroxicam",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Famotidine"
]
],
[
[
"Piroxicam",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"SLC22A8"
],
[
"SLC22A8",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
... | Piroxicam (Compound) binds SLC22A8 (Gene) and SLC22A8 (Gene) is bound by Famotidine (Compound)
Piroxicam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Flurbiprofen and Flurbiprofen may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ponatinib and Ponatinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Panobinostat and Panobinostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Dasatinib and Dasatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Famotidine
Piroxicam (Compound) binds SLC22A8 (Gene) and SLC22A8 (Gene) is bound by Ketoprofen (Compound) and Ketoprofen may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine |
DB00331 | DB01403 | 1,645 | 9 | [
"DDInter1164",
"DDInter1175"
] | Metformin | Methotrimeprazine | Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels. Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes. Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972, and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995. | A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both chlorpromazine and promethazine. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with central nervous system effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604) | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1645,
24,
9
]
],
[
[
1645,
24,
1178
],
[
1178,
40,
9
]
],
[
[
1645,
24,
401
],
[
401,
24,
9
]
],
[
[
1645,
24,
1630
],
[
1630,
1... | [
[
[
"Metformin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Methotrimeprazine"
]
],
[
[
"Metformin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Trifluoperazine"
]... | Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trifluoperazine and Trifluoperazine (Compound) resembles Methotrimeprazine (Compound)
Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrimeprazine
Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Perphenazine and Perphenazine (Compound) resembles Methotrimeprazine (Compound)
Metformin (Compound) downregulates TXNDC9 (Gene) and TXNDC9 (Gene) is downregulated by Methotrimeprazine (Compound)
Metformin (Compound) causes Drowsiness (Side Effect) and Drowsiness (Side Effect) is caused by Methotrimeprazine (Compound)
Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sucralfate and Sucralfate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Methotrimeprazine
Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trospium and Trospium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrimeprazine
Metformin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Gilteritinib and Gilteritinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrimeprazine
Metformin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Acarbose and Acarbose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrimeprazine |
DB09073 | DB12457 | 951 | 1,180 | [
"DDInter1379",
"DDInter1598"
] | Palbociclib | Rimegepant | Palbociclib is a piperazine pyridopyrimidine that acts in the cell cycle machinery. It is a second generation cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor selected from a group of pyridopyrimidine compounds due to its favorable physical and pharmaceutical properties. Palbociclib was developed by Pfizer Inc after the discovery that identified the cyclin-dependent kinases as key regulators of cell growth. It was originally FDA approved on March 2015 for the treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer and its indications were updated in April 2019 to include male patients based on findings from postmarketing reports and electronic health records demonstrating safety and clinical efficacy. | Rimegepant is an oral antagonist of the CGRP receptor developed by Biohaven Pharmaceuticals. It received FDA approval on February 27, 2020 for the acute treatment migraine headache, and was subsequently approved by the European Commission in April 2022 for both the treatment and prevention of migraines. While several parenteral antagonists of CGRP and its receptor have been approved for migraine therapy (e.g. [erenumab], [fremanezumab], [galcanezumab]), rimegepant and [ubrogepant] were the only CGRP antagonists that possessed oral bioavailability until the approval of [atogepant] in 2021. The current standard of migraine therapy involves abortive treatment with "triptans", such as [sumatriptan], but these medications are contraindicated in patients with pre-existing cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease due to their vasoconstrictive properties. Antagonism of the CGRP pathway has become an attractive target for migraine therapy as, unlike the triptans, oral CGRP antagonists have no observed vasoconstrictive properties and are therefore safer for use in patients with contraindications to standard therapy.[A189330,A189207] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
951,
24,
1180
]
],
[
[
951,
24,
1619
],
[
1619,
24,
1180
]
],
[
[
951,
63,
1419
],
[
1419,
24,
1180
]
],
[
[
951,
24,
283
],
[
283,
... | [
[
[
"Palbociclib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Rimegepant"
]
],
[
[
"Palbociclib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Rucaparib"
],
[
... | Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Imatinib and Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fedratinib and Fedratinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cobicistat and Cobicistat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide and Apalutamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lorlatinib and Lorlatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rimegepant
Palbociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Imatinib and Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rimegepant |
DB00307 | DB00860 | 1,101 | 891 | [
"DDInter202",
"DDInter1513"
] | Bexarotene | Prednisolone | Bexarotene (Targretin) is an antineoplastic agent indicated by the FDA for Cutaneous T cell lymphoma. It has been used off-label for lung cancer, breast cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma. | Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid similar to [cortisol] used for its anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-neoplastic, and vasoconstrictive effects. Prednisolone was granted FDA approval on 21 June 1955. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1101,
24,
891
]
],
[
[
1101,
24,
989
],
[
989,
1,
891
]
],
[
[
1101,
24,
175
],
[
175,
40,
891
]
],
[
[
1101,
5,
11555
],
[
11555,
... | [
[
[
"Bexarotene",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Prednisolone"
]
],
[
[
"Bexarotene",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Progesterone"
],
... | Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Progesterone and Progesterone (Compound) resembles Prednisolone (Compound)
Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Triamcinolone and Triamcinolone (Compound) resembles Prednisolone (Compound)
Bexarotene (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Prednisolone (Compound)
Bexarotene (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Prednisolone (Compound)
Bexarotene (Compound) causes Mood swings (Side Effect) and Mood swings (Side Effect) is caused by Prednisolone (Compound)
Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Zaleplon and Zaleplon may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisolone
Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alprazolam and Alprazolam may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisolone
Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dofetilide and Dofetilide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisolone
Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Prednisolone |
DB01097 | DB09073 | 1,377 | 951 | [
"DDInter1033",
"DDInter1379"
] | Leflunomide | Palbociclib | Leflunomide is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor belonging to the DMARD (disease-modifying antirheumatic drug) class of drugs, which are chemically and pharmacologically very heterogeneous. Leflunomide was approved by FDA and in many other countries (e.g., Canada, Europe) in 1999. | Palbociclib is a piperazine pyridopyrimidine that acts in the cell cycle machinery. It is a second generation cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor selected from a group of pyridopyrimidine compounds due to its favorable physical and pharmaceutical properties. Palbociclib was developed by Pfizer Inc after the discovery that identified the cyclin-dependent kinases as key regulators of cell growth. It was originally FDA approved on March 2015 for the treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer and its indications were updated in April 2019 to include male patients based on findings from postmarketing reports and electronic health records demonstrating safety and clinical efficacy. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1377,
25,
951
]
],
[
[
1377,
24,
496
],
[
496,
63,
951
]
],
[
[
1377,
25,
1476
],
[
1476,
63,
951
]
],
[
[
1377,
25,
259
],
[
259,
... | [
[
[
"Leflunomide",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Palbociclib"
]
],
[
[
"Leflunomide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Hepatitis A Vaccine"
],
[
... | Leflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hepatitis A Vaccine and Hepatitis A Vaccine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Brigatinib and Brigatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rilonacept and Rilonacept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Simvastatin and Simvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Colchicine and Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vardenafil and Vardenafil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Natalizumab and Natalizumab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Measles virus vaccine live attenuated and Measles virus vaccine live attenuated may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Palbociclib
Leflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fosphenytoin and Fosphenytoin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Palbociclib |
DB09570 | DB11901 | 1,480 | 913 | [
"DDInter1002",
"DDInter107"
] | Ixazomib | Apalutamide | Ixazomib a second generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) and the first oral PI approved by the FDA in November 2015 for multiple myeloma treatment in combination with 2 other therapies (lenalidomide and dexamethasone) for patients who have received at least 1 prior therapy. It was found to have similar efficacy to bortezomib (the first PI approved for multiple myeloma therapy) in the control of myeloma growth and prevention of bone loss. Ixazomib citrate is marketed by Takeda Pharmaceuticals under the brand name Ninlaro, which is a prodrug that becomes quickly converted to its active metabolite, ixazomib, after administration. | Apalutamide is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that selectively binds to the ligand-binding domain of AR and blocks AR nuclear translocation or binding to androgen response elements . It has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer, Hepatic Impairment, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, among others. Exerting an antitumor action, apalutamide blocking the effect of androgens that promote tumor growth. It targets the AR ligand-binding domain and prevents AR nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transcription of AR gene targets in prostate tumors . In mice bearing human CRPC xenograft models, apalutamide treatment produced tumor regressions in a dose-dependent manner that was more effective than that of or . Unlike bicalutamide, apalutamide antagonized AR-mediated signaling in AR overexpressing human CRPC cell lines . Androgen-deprivation therapy, or hormone therapy, can be used as part of maintenance therapy for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Although most patients achieve therapeutic responses at the initial hormone therapy, many patients progress to non-metastatic castration-resistant (resistance to hormone therapy) prostate cancer which is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American males . Castration-resistant prostate cancer is often incurable, which poses significant clinical challenges for patients. Approximately 10 to 20 % of prostate cancer cases are castration-resistant, and up to 16% of these patients show no evidence of cancer metastasis at the time of castration-resistant diagnosis . Higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and shorter PSA doubling time (PSA DT) are associated with a higher risk for metastases and death . In a phase-2 multicenter open-label study, 89% of patients with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer had ≥50% PSA decline at week 12 of apalutamide treatment . In a randomized trial, the median metastasis-free survival for patients taking apalutamide was 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients taking a placebo . Apalutamide displayed good tolerability and safety profile in clinical studies. Apalutamide was approved in February 2018 by the FDA as Erleada for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer that is resistant to treatment with hormone therapy (castration-resistant). It is available as oral tablets. Apalutamide is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer . | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1480,
25,
913
]
],
[
[
1480,
63,
112
],
[
112,
23,
913
]
],
[
[
1480,
24,
110
],
[
110,
62,
913
]
],
[
[
1480,
63,
671
],
[
671,
... | [
[
[
"Ixazomib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Apalutamide"
]
],
[
[
"Ixazomib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
[
"Metronidaz... | Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Polatuzumab vedotin and Polatuzumab vedotin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluvastatin and Fluvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix and Elagolix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Niraparib and Niraparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lefamulin and Lefamulin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide
Ixazomib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Apalutamide |
DB01394 | DB11979 | 1,554 | 1,320 | [
"DDInter431",
"DDInter625"
] | Colchicine | Elagolix | Colchicine is an alkaloid drug derived from a plant belonging to the Lily family, known as _Colchicum autumnale_, or "autumn crocus." Its use was first approved by the FDA in 1961. Colchicine is used in the treatment of gout flares and Familial Mediterranean fever, and prevention of major cardiovascular events. It has also been investigated in other inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. | Elagolix has been used in trials studying the basic science and treatment of Endometriosis, Folliculogenesis, Uterine Fibroids, Heavy Uterine Bleeding, and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. As of 24 July 2018, however, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved AbbVie's elagolix under the brand name Orilissa as the first and only oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist specifically developed for women with moderate to severe endometriosis pain . It has been determined that endometriosis is one of the most common gynecologic disorders in the United States [A35868, A35869, F801]. In particular, estimates suggest that one in ten women of reproductive age is affected by endometriosis and experience debilitating pain symptoms [A35868, A35869, F801]. Moreover, women who are affected by this condition can suffer for up to six to ten years and visit multiple physicians before receiving a proper diagnosis [A35868, A35869, F801]. Subsequently, as Orilissa (elagolix) was approved by the FDA under priority review , this expedited new approval gives healthcare professionals another valuable option for treating the potentially unmet needs of women who are affected by endometriosis, depending on their specific type and severity of endometriosis pain. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1554,
24,
1320
]
],
[
[
1554,
63,
168
],
[
168,
23,
1320
]
],
[
[
1554,
64,
79
],
[
79,
24,
1320
]
],
[
[
1554,
24,
129
],
[
129,
... | [
[
[
"Colchicine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Elagolix"
]
],
[
[
"Colchicine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Bortezomib"
],
[
... | Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Sorafenib and Sorafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Entrectinib and Entrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chloramphenicol and Chloramphenicol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cabozantinib and Cabozantinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Gilteritinib and Gilteritinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cobicistat and Cobicistat may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Elagolix
Colchicine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Elagolix |
DB08820 | DB11979 | 1,478 | 1,320 | [
"DDInter997",
"DDInter625"
] | Ivacaftor | Elagolix | Ivacaftor (also known as Kalydeco or VX-770) is a drug used for the management of Cystic Fibrosis (CF). It is manufactured and distributed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration on January 31, 2012, and by Health Canada in late 2012. Ivacaftor is administered as a monotherapy and also administered in combination with other drugs for the management of CF.[L6814,L6979,L6847] Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by one of several different mutations in the gene for the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein, an ion channel involved in the transport of chloride and sodium ions across cell membranes. CFTR is active in epithelial cells of organs such as of the lungs, pancreas, liver, digestive system, and reproductive tract. Alterations in the CFTR gene result | Elagolix has been used in trials studying the basic science and treatment of Endometriosis, Folliculogenesis, Uterine Fibroids, Heavy Uterine Bleeding, and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. As of 24 July 2018, however, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved AbbVie's elagolix under the brand name Orilissa as the first and only oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist specifically developed for women with moderate to severe endometriosis pain . It has been determined that endometriosis is one of the most common gynecologic disorders in the United States [A35868, A35869, F801]. In particular, estimates suggest that one in ten women of reproductive age is affected by endometriosis and experience debilitating pain symptoms [A35868, A35869, F801]. Moreover, women who are affected by this condition can suffer for up to six to ten years and visit multiple physicians before receiving a proper diagnosis [A35868, A35869, F801]. Subsequently, as Orilissa (elagolix) was approved by the FDA under priority review , this expedited new approval gives healthcare professionals another valuable option for treating the potentially unmet needs of women who are affected by endometriosis, depending on their specific type and severity of endometriosis pain. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1478,
24,
1320
]
],
[
[
1478,
63,
608
],
[
608,
23,
1320
]
],
[
[
1478,
23,
271
],
[
271,
23,
1320
]
],
[
[
1478,
24,
1297
],
[
1297,
... | [
[
[
"Ivacaftor",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Elagolix"
]
],
[
[
"Ivacaftor",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Lidocaine"
],
[
"... | Ivacaftor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lidocaine and Lidocaine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mirabegron and Mirabegron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osilodrostat and Osilodrostat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nafcillin and Nafcillin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Entrectinib and Entrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Chloramphenicol and Chloramphenicol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Donepezil and Donepezil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix
Ivacaftor may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Doravirine and Doravirine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix |
DB00196 | DB08886 | 600 | 637 | [
"DDInter743",
"DDInter126"
] | Fluconazole | Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi | Fluconazole, commonly known as _Diflucan_, is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of both systemic and superficial fungal infections in a variety of tissues. It was initially approved by the FDA in 1990. This drug is an _azole_ antifungal, in the same drug family as [ketoconazole] and [itraconazole]. Fluconazole has many advantages over the other antifungal drugs including the option of oral administration. The side effect profile of this drug is minimal. It has been demonstrated as an efficacious treatment for vaginal yeast infections in one single dose. | Asparaginase _Erwinia chrysanthemi_ is an asparaginase-specific enzyme derived from _Erwinia_ _chrysanthemi_ used as an anticancer agent. It works by depleting the stores of an important amino acid called asparagine, which is involved in DNA synthesis and cell survival of malignant cells, leading to cell death. L-asparaginase was first identified in 1963, and there are different formulations of L-asparaginase, including [Asparaginase Escherichia coli] and a pegylated form of this enzyme, [Pegaspargase]. Asparaginase _Erwinia chrysanthemi_ and [Asparaginase Escherichia coli] differ in their pharmacokinetic and immunogenic profiles; thus, those who are allergic to [Asparaginase Escherichia coli] do not cross-react to Asparaginase _Erwinia chrysanthemi_. Studies show that substitution of _Erwinia_ asparaginase for _E. coli_-derived asparaginase following an allergic reaction has been safe and effective. Asparaginase _Erwinia chrysanthemi_ was first approved by the FDA in November 2011 to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are allergic to _E. coli_-derived asparaginase: it has been used as part of multi-agent chemotherapy. In June 2021, the recombinant form of asparaginase _Erwinia chrysanthemi_ was approved by the FDA as a component of a chemotherapy regimen to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma in adult and pediatric patients who are allergic to the _E. coli_-derived asparaginase. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
600,
24,
637
]
],
[
[
600,
24,
392
],
[
392,
24,
637
]
],
[
[
600,
25,
467
],
[
467,
24,
637
]
],
[
[
600,
24,
159
],
[
159,
63,... | [
[
[
"Fluconazole",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi"
]
],
[
[
"Fluconazole",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"La... | Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lapatinib and Lapatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Simvastatin and Simvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Larotrectinib and Larotrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Entrectinib and Entrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Interferon beta-1a and Interferon beta-1a may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi
Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi |
DB00867 | DB01410 | 1,052 | 423 | [
"DDInter1606",
"DDInter375"
] | Ritodrine | Ciclesonide | Adrenergic beta-agonist used to control premature labor. | Ciclesonide is a glucocorticoid used to treat obstructive airway diseases. It is marketed under the brand name Alvesco. | Minor | 0 | [
[
[
1052,
23,
423
]
],
[
[
1052,
62,
1573
],
[
1573,
1,
423
]
],
[
[
1052,
62,
1351
],
[
1351,
40,
423
]
],
[
[
1052,
23,
1486
],
[
1486,
... | [
[
[
"Ritodrine",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Ciclesonide"
]
],
[
[
"Ritodrine",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Prednisone"
],
[
"... | Ritodrine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisone and Prednisone (Compound) resembles Ciclesonide (Compound)
Ritodrine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Flunisolide and Flunisolide (Compound) resembles Ciclesonide (Compound)
Ritodrine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Methylprednisolone and Methylprednisolone (Compound) resembles Ciclesonide (Compound)
Ritodrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline and Isoprenaline may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ciclesonide
Ritodrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vilanterol and Vilanterol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ciclesonide
Ritodrine (Compound) resembles Formoterol (Compound) and Ritodrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Formoterol and Formoterol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ciclesonide
Ritodrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Orciprenaline and Orciprenaline may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Ciclesonide
Ritodrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ciclesonide
Ritodrine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisone and Prednisone (Compound) resembles Amcinonide (Compound) and Amcinonide (Compound) resembles Ciclesonide (Compound) |
DB01234 | DB14006 | 1,220 | 972 | [
"DDInter513",
"DDInter370"
] | Dexamethasone | Choline salicylate | Dexamethasone, or MK-125, is a corticosteroid fluorinated at position 9 used to treat endocrine, rheumatic, collagen, dermatologic, allergic, ophthalmic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, edematous, and other conditions. Developed in 1957, it is structurally similar to other corticosteroids like [hydrocortisone] and [prednisolone]. Dexamethasone was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1958. In a press release for the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial on 16 June 2020, dexamethasone was recommended for use in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Dexamethasone reduced deaths by approximately one third in patients requiring ventilation and by one fifth in those requiring oxygen. | Choline salicylate is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever agent that is related to aspirin. It is used to decrease swelling and to treat mild-moderate pain. It is used to treat arthritis in both children and adults. This medicine can also be used for fever . Choline Salicylate is the choline salt of salicylic acid, used as an analgesic, antipyretic and antirheumatic. It relieves mild to moderate pain and reduce fever and inflammation or swelling. Choline salicylate is effective in the treatment of gout, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis and muscle injuries . This drug is also a main ingredient in teething gels to relieve pains associated with tooth growth in the infant population . The UK government has regulated its use, due to toxicity in those under 16 years of age. Topical oral salicylate gels are no longer indicated for people younger than 16 years for pain associated with infant teething, orthodontic devices, cold sores, or mouth ulcers . | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1220,
24,
972
]
],
[
[
1220,
23,
771
],
[
771,
62,
972
]
],
[
[
1220,
40,
1573
],
[
1573,
24,
972
]
],
[
[
1220,
63,
176
],
[
176,
... | [
[
[
"Dexamethasone",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Choline salicylate"
]
],
[
[
"Dexamethasone",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Hyaluronidase"
... | Dexamethasone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hyaluronidase and Hyaluronidase may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone (Compound) resembles Prednisone (Compound) and Prednisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin glargine and Insulin glargine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sodium bicarbonate and Sodium bicarbonate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium hydroxide and Magnesium hydroxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Deflazacort and Deflazacort may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone (Compound) resembles Triamcinolone (Compound) and Triamcinolone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Choline salicylate
Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrexate and Methotrexate may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Choline salicylate |
DB06595 | DB14443 | 1,491 | 987 | [
"DDInter1214",
"DDInter1931"
] | Midostaurin | Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen | Midostaurin (as Rydapt) is a multitarget kinase inhibitor for the treatment for adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have a specific genetic mutation called FLT3. It was initially characterized as a potential broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent, with activity toward diverse solid and hematopoietic tumors. It was approved on April 28, 2017 and has shown to increase the overall survival rate in patients with AML as an adjunct therapy along with chemotherapeutic agents. | _Vibrio cholerae_ CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen is a component of Vaxchora, an oral vaccine for immunization against _Vibrio cholerae_ serogroup O1. Cholera is an acute bacterial disease of the small intestine caused by _Vibrio cholerae_, which is gram-negative bacteria. Two serogroups of _V. cholerae_, O1 and O139, are causative agents of epidemic cholera. Serogroup O1 is responsible for the majority of cholera outbreaks. Cholera outbreaks remain a major global public health problem that mainly affects countries with limited access to clean water, poor hygiene, and proper sanitation; thus, effective vaccines to protect individuals against cholera disease are critical. The FDA approved the cholera vaccine containing _Vibrio cholerae_ CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen under the brand name Vaxchora in June 2016, making it the first vaccine indicated for cholera prevention to become available in the U.S. Vaxchora was later approved by the European Commission in April 2020. It is indicated for individuals aged two years and older. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1491,
24,
987
]
],
[
[
1491,
63,
1220
],
[
1220,
24,
987
]
],
[
[
1491,
24,
351
],
[
351,
24,
987
]
],
[
[
1491,
25,
384
],
[
384,
... | [
[
[
"Midostaurin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen"
]
],
[
[
"Midostaurin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {... | Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Infliximab and Infliximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ponatinib and Ponatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ponatinib and Ponatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Olaparib and Olaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ixazomib and Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen
Midostaurin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ixazomib and Ixazomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen |
DB00289 | DB11901 | 847 | 913 | [
"DDInter132",
"DDInter107"
] | Atomoxetine | Apalutamide | Atomoxetine is a selective norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitor used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Also known as the marketed product Strattera, atomoxetine is used with other treatment modalities (psychological, educational, cognitive behaviour therapy, etc) to improve developmentally inappropriate symptoms associated with ADHD including distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotional lability, and impulsivity. Although the underlying pathophysiology that causes ADHD remains unclear, evidence suggests that dysregulation in noradrenergic and dopaminergic pathways plays a critical role in suboptimal executive functioning within prefrontal regions of the brain, which are involved in attention and memory. Atomoxetine has been shown to specifically increase NA and DA within the prefrontal cortex, but not in the nucleus accumbens (NA) or striatum. This is beneficial in the treatment of ADHD as DA activation in the subcortical NA and stri | Apalutamide is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that selectively binds to the ligand-binding domain of AR and blocks AR nuclear translocation or binding to androgen response elements . It has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer, Hepatic Impairment, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, among others. Exerting an antitumor action, apalutamide blocking the effect of androgens that promote tumor growth. It targets the AR ligand-binding domain and prevents AR nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transcription of AR gene targets in prostate tumors . In mice bearing human CRPC xenograft models, apalutamide treatment produced tumor regressions in a dose-dependent manner that was more effective than that of or . Unlike bicalutamide, apalutamide antagonized AR-mediated signaling in AR overexpressing human CRPC cell lines . Androgen-deprivation therapy, or hormone therapy, can be used as part of maintenance therapy for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Although most patients achieve therapeutic responses at the initial hormone therapy, many patients progress to non-metastatic castration-resistant (resistance to hormone therapy) prostate cancer which is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American males . Castration-resistant prostate cancer is often incurable, which poses significant clinical challenges for patients. Approximately 10 to 20 % of prostate cancer cases are castration-resistant, and up to 16% of these patients show no evidence of cancer metastasis at the time of castration-resistant diagnosis . Higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and shorter PSA doubling time (PSA DT) are associated with a higher risk for metastases and death . In a phase-2 multicenter open-label study, 89% of patients with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer had ≥50% PSA decline at week 12 of apalutamide treatment . In a randomized trial, the median metastasis-free survival for patients taking apalutamide was 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients taking a placebo . Apalutamide displayed good tolerability and safety profile in clinical studies. Apalutamide was approved in February 2018 by the FDA as Erleada for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer that is resistant to treatment with hormone therapy (castration-resistant). It is available as oral tablets. Apalutamide is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer . | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
847,
24,
913
]
],
[
[
847,
23,
112
],
[
112,
23,
913
]
],
[
[
847,
63,
600
],
[
600,
24,
913
]
],
[
[
847,
24,
28
],
[
28,
24,
... | [
[
[
"Atomoxetine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Apalutamide"
]
],
[
[
"Atomoxetine",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Metronidazole"
],
... | Atomoxetine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluconazole and Fluconazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bisacodyl and Bisacodyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Macimorelin and Macimorelin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Tolterodine (Compound) and Tolterodine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Ketoprofen (Compound) and Ketoprofen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Atomoxetine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Hydroxychloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide |
DB01005 | DB06643 | 995 | 1,136 | [
"DDInter894",
"DDInter500"
] | Hydroxyurea | Denosumab | Hydroxyurea is a non-alkylating antineoplastic agent that was first synthesized in 1869 but was not characterized biologically until 1928. It was first approved by the FDA in 1998 for the treatment of sickle cell anemia in adults. Although clinical evidence on the efficacy of hydroxyurea in certain conditions exists, hydroxyurea is used sparingly in clinical settings, largely due to lack of knowledge and adherence, the need for therapeutic monitoring, and serious side effects of secondary cancer and birth defects. | Denosumab is a novel, fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody specific to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), suppresses bone resorption via inhibiting RANK-mediated activation of osteoclasts. It is the first and currently the only RANKL inhibitor approved to prevent osteoclast-mediated bone loss. Chemically, it consists of 2 heavy and 2 light chains, with each light chain consisting of 215 amino acids and each heavy chain consisting of 448 amino acids with 4 intramolecular disulfides. Denosumab was approved by the FDA approved on June 2010 for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It further received additional indication approval to increase bone mass in men at high risk for fracture receiving androgen deprivation therapy for non-metastatic prostate cancer and women at high risk for fracture receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer in September 2011 and in men with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture in September 2012. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
995,
24,
1136
]
],
[
[
995,
63,
1555
],
[
1555,
24,
1136
]
],
[
[
995,
24,
1532
],
[
1532,
24,
1136
]
],
[
[
995,
25,
1377
],
[
1377,
... | [
[
[
"Hydroxyurea",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Denosumab"
]
],
[
[
"Hydroxyurea",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Oxaliplatin"
],
[
... | Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ifosfamide and Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab and Ocrelizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dasatinib and Dasatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab
Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fluorouracil and Fluorouracil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Denosumab |
DB01076 | DB01229 | 700 | 973 | [
"DDInter133",
"DDInter1377"
] | Atorvastatin | Paclitaxel | Atorvastatin (Lipitor®), is a lipid-lowering drug included in the statin class of medications. By inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver, statins lower abnormal cholesterol and lipid levels, and ultimately reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid. This conversion is a critical metabolic reaction involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport, including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing statins is considered standard practice for patients following any cardiovascular event, and for people who are at moderate to high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The evidence supporting statin use, coupled with minimal | Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent marketed under the brand name Taxol among others. Used as a treatment for various cancers, paclitaxel is a mitotic inhibitor that was first isolated in 1971 from the bark of the Pacific yew tree which contains endophytic fungi that synthesize paclitaxel. It is available as an intravenous solution for injection and the newer formulation contains albumin-bound paclitaxel marketed under the brand name Abraxane. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
700,
24,
973
]
],
[
[
700,
24,
310
],
[
310,
63,
973
]
],
[
[
700,
6,
7524
],
[
7524,
45,
973
]
],
[
[
700,
7,
2903
],
[
2903,
4... | [
[
[
"Atorvastatin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Paclitaxel"
]
],
[
[
"Atorvastatin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cabazitaxel"
],
... | Atorvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cabazitaxel and Cabazitaxel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Atorvastatin (Compound) binds CYP3A5 (Gene) and CYP3A5 (Gene) is bound by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Atorvastatin (Compound) upregulates MMP1 (Gene) and MMP1 (Gene) is upregulated by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Atorvastatin (Compound) upregulates RHOA (Gene) and RHOA (Gene) is downregulated by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Atorvastatin (Compound) downregulates MYC (Gene) and MYC (Gene) is downregulated by Paclitaxel (Compound)
Atorvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vinorelbine and Vinorelbine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Atorvastatin (Compound) resembles Conivaptan (Compound) and Conivaptan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Atorvastatin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel
Atorvastatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bicalutamide and Bicalutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Paclitaxel |
DB01121 | DB01233 | 94 | 1,311 | [
"DDInter1437",
"DDInter1197"
] | Phenacemide | Metoclopramide | Phenacemide is used to control certain seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. This medicine acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce the number and severity of seizures. | Diabetic gastroparesis is a condition that causes frequent nausea and vomiting, which has a negative impact on quality of life and poses a significant burden on the healthcare system. Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting that may be associated with diabetic gastroparesis in addition to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It can also be used to prevent nausea or vomiting associated with chemotherapy or certain surgical or diagnostic procedures. One unique property of this drug is that it does not increase gastric acid secretion. It is available in the oral tablet form or in solution, and can also be administered through the intravenous route. Metoclopramide was initially approved by the FDA in 1980. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
94,
24,
1311
]
],
[
[
94,
63,
1010
],
[
1010,
23,
1311
]
],
[
[
94,
63,
662
],
[
662,
24,
1311
]
],
[
[
94,
24,
1264
],
[
1264,
... | [
[
[
"Phenacemide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Metoclopramide"
]
],
[
[
"Phenacemide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mefloquine"
],
... | Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mefloquine and Mefloquine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Opium and Opium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide (Compound) resembles Phenelzine (Compound) and Phenelzine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Metoclopramide
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mefloquine and Mefloquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sunitinib and Sunitinib (Compound) resembles Metoclopramide (Compound)
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Metoclopramide (Compound)
Phenacemide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nabilone and Nabilone (Compound) causes Somnolence (Side Effect) and Somnolence (Side Effect) is caused by Metoclopramide (Compound) |
DB00816 | DB01579 | 1,674 | 341 | [
"DDInter1346",
"DDInter1439"
] | Orciprenaline | Phendimetrazine | A beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and bronchospasms. [PubChem] | Phendimetrazine is a weight loss medication. Phendimetrazine is chemically related to amphetamines and is a Schedule III drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances and in the US since 1970. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1674,
24,
341
]
],
[
[
1674,
21,
28662
],
[
28662,
60,
341
]
],
[
[
1674,
24,
959
],
[
959,
24,
341
]
],
[
[
1674,
24,
1281
],
[
1281,... | [
[
[
"Orciprenaline",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Phendimetrazine"
]
],
[
[
"Orciprenaline",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Tremor"
],
[
"Tremor",
"{u} (Side Effect) is... | Orciprenaline (Compound) causes Tremor (Side Effect) and Tremor (Side Effect) is caused by Phendimetrazine (Compound)
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glipizide and Glipizide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Linagliptin and Linagliptin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Miglitol and Miglitol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline (Compound) resembles Isoprenaline (Compound) and Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline and Isoprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fenfluramine and Fenfluramine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Procarbazine and Procarbazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cocaine and Cocaine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phendimetrazine
Orciprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methylene blue and Methylene blue may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Phendimetrazine |
DB00434 | DB00532 | 13 | 208 | [
"DDInter459",
"DDInter1152"
] | Cyproheptadine | Mephenytoin | Cyproheptadine is a potent competitive antagonist of both serotonin and histamine receptors. It is used primarily to treat allergic symptoms, though it is perhaps more notable for its use in appetite stimulation and its off-label use in the treatment of serotonin syndrome. | Mephenytoin is used for the treatment of refractory partial epilepsy. Mephenytoin is a solid. This compound belongs to the phenylhydantoins. These are heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing an imiazolidinedione moiety substituted by a phenyl group. Mephenytoin is known to target sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha. Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 2C8, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6, Cytochrome P450 1A2, and Cytochrome P450 2D6 are known to metabolize mephenytoin. Mephenytoin is a hydantoin-derivative anticonvulsant used to control various partial seizures. Mephenytoin and oxazolidinedione derivatives are associated with higher incidences of blood dyscrasias compared to other anticonvulsants. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
13,
24,
208
]
],
[
[
13,
63,
1242
],
[
1242,
24,
208
]
],
[
[
13,
24,
1219
],
[
1219,
63,
208
]
],
[
[
13,
24,
530
],
[
530,
24,... | [
[
[
"Cyproheptadine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mephenytoin"
]
],
[
[
"Cyproheptadine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cetirizine"
],... | Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Azatadine and Azatadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dronabinol and Dronabinol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Azatadine and Azatadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clemastine and Clemastine (Compound) resembles Cetirizine (Compound) and Clemastine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mephenytoin
Cyproheptadine (Compound) upregulates CCDC86 (Gene) and CCDC86 (Gene) is downregulated by Lidocaine (Compound) and Lidocaine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mephenytoin |
DB00099 | DB12332 | 440 | 1,619 | [
"DDInter735",
"DDInter1626"
] | Filgrastim | Rucaparib | Filgrastim is a short-acting recombinant, non-pegylated human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analog produced by recombinant DNA technology. It has an amino acid sequence identical to endogenous G-CSF, but it is non-glycosylated unlike the endogenous G-CSF and has an N-terminal methionine added in the sequence for expression in _E. Coli_. Human G-CSF is a glycoprotein that regulates the production and release of neutrophils from the bone marrow. Filgrastim mimics the biological actions of G-CSF to increase the levels of neutrophils in the blood. It has a number of therapeutic uses, including the management and prevention of infections and febrile neutropenia in patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy or radiation therapy. It is also used to manage severe chronic neutropenia and mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells to the | Rucaparib is an anticancer drug and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. PARP is an enzyme that plays an essential role in DNA repair. Rucaparib is proposed to work in several PARP-dependent and PARP-independent mechanisms of action; however, it causes a unique effect of synthetic lethality. By targeting the genetically-mutated cancer cells that lack a DNA repair mechanism, rucaparib causes cancer cell death and reduces tumour growth.[A18745,A31354] Rucaparib was granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation in April 2015 and accelerated approval in December 2016. The drug was later approved by the European Commission in May 2018. It is currently used to treat recurrent ovarian and prostate cancer in adults.[L42155,L42185] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
440,
24,
1619
]
],
[
[
440,
24,
309
],
[
309,
24,
1619
]
],
[
[
440,
63,
599
],
[
599,
24,
1619
]
],
[
[
440,
24,
503
],
[
503,
... | [
[
[
"Filgrastim",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Rucaparib"
]
],
[
[
"Filgrastim",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Ixabepilone"
],
[
... | Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ixabepilone and Ixabepilone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alemtuzumab and Alemtuzumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Zanubrutinib and Zanubrutinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ribociclib and Ribociclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sacituzumab govitecan and Sacituzumab govitecan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ixabepilone and Ixabepilone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Modafinil and Modafinil may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Imatinib and Imatinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rucaparib
Filgrastim may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dasatinib and Dasatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Rucaparib |
DB00379 | DB09268 | 143 | 1,662 | [
"DDInter1206",
"DDInter1464"
] | Mexiletine | Picosulfuric acid | Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to lidocaine. It may have some anticonvulsant properties. | Picosulfuric acid is found in laxative products. Sodium picosulfate is a used to treat constipation or induce colon cleansing to prepare the large bowels before colonoscopy or surgery. The combination product containing sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate was introduced to the Canadian market in 2005 and has been used in European countries for many years. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
143,
24,
1662
]
],
[
[
143,
63,
1010
],
[
1010,
24,
1662
]
],
[
[
143,
64,
1031
],
[
1031,
24,
1662
]
],
[
[
143,
24,
1374
],
[
1374,
... | [
[
[
"Mexiletine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Picosulfuric acid"
]
],
[
[
"Mexiletine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mefloquine"
],
... | Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mefloquine and Mefloquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Theophylline and Theophylline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone and Abiraterone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bupropion and Bupropion may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Panobinostat and Panobinostat may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mefloquine and Mefloquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trimipramine and Trimipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Trimipramine and Trimipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Theophylline and Theophylline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid
Mexiletine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Abiraterone and Abiraterone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trimipramine and Trimipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Picosulfuric acid |
DB00762 | DB00877 | 613 | 629 | [
"DDInter973",
"DDInter1678"
] | Irinotecan | Sirolimus | Irinotecan is an antineoplastic enzyme inhibitor primarily used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. It is a derivative of camptothecin that inhibits the action of topoisomerase I. Irinotecan prevents religation of the DNA strand by binding to topoisomerase I-DNA complex, and causes double-strand DNA breakage and cell death. It is a derivative of camptothecin. Irinotecan was approved for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer in October, 2015 (irinotecan liposome injection, trade name Onivyde). | Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin, is a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic produced by bacteria _Streptomyces hygroscopicus_, which was isolated from the soil of the Vai Atari region of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). It was first isolated and identified as an antifungal agent with potent anticandida activity; however, after its potent antitumor and immunosuppressive activities were later discovered, it was extensively investigated as an immunosuppressive and antitumour agent. Its primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and survival. mTOR is an important therapeutic target for various diseases, as it was shown to regulate longevity and maintain normal glucose homeostasis. Targeting mTOR received more attention especially in cancer, as mTOR signalling pathways are constitutively activated in many types of human cancer. Sirolimus was first approved by the FDA in 1999 for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients aged 13 years and older receiving renal transplants. In November 2000, the drug was recognized by the European Agency as an alternative to calcineurin antagonists for maintenance therapy with corticosteroids. In May 2015, the FDA approved sirolimus for the treatment of patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis. In November 2021, albumin-bound sirolimus for intravenous injection was approved by the FDA for the treatment of adults with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa). Sirolimus was also investigated in other cancers such as skin cancer, Kaposi’s Sarcoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, and tuberous sclerosis. The topical formulation of sirolimus, marketed as HYFTOR, was approved by the FDA in April 2022: this marks the first topical treatment approved in the US for facial angiofibroma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
613,
24,
629
]
],
[
[
613,
6,
4973
],
[
4973,
45,
629
]
],
[
[
613,
7,
9489
],
[
9489,
46,
629
]
],
[
[
613,
18,
1748
],
[
1748,
... | [
[
[
"Irinotecan",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Sirolimus"
]
],
[
[
"Irinotecan",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"ABCB1"
],
[
"ABCB1",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
... | Irinotecan (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan (Compound) upregulates WIF1 (Gene) and WIF1 (Gene) is upregulated by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan (Compound) downregulates IGF1R (Gene) and IGF1R (Gene) is upregulated by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan (Compound) downregulates FASN (Gene) and FASN (Gene) is downregulated by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan (Compound) upregulates CCND3 (Gene) and CCND3 (Gene) is downregulated by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan (Compound) causes Aspartate aminotransferase increased (Side Effect) and Aspartate aminotransferase increased (Side Effect) is caused by Sirolimus (Compound)
Irinotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vitamin E and Vitamin E may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sirolimus
Irinotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Brigatinib and Brigatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sirolimus
Irinotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine and Cimetidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sirolimus |
DB00496 | DB01069 | 194 | 401 | [
"DDInter480",
"DDInter1533"
] | Darifenacin | Promethazine | Darifenacin (Enablex®, Novartis) is a medication used to treat urinary incontinence. Darifenacin blocks M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which mediate bladder muscle contractions. This block reduces the urgency to urinate and so it should not be used in people with urinary retention. It is unknown if M3 receptor selectivity is clinically advantageous in overactive bladder syndrome treatments. | Promethazine, originally known as 3,277 R.P., is an N-dimethylaminopropyl derivative of [phenothiazine] that was developed in France in 1946. Promethazine antagonizes a variety of receptors, allowing it to be used for a number of indications including allergic reactions, pain, sedation, nausea, and vomiting.[A189907,A190153,A190159,A190150,A190171] Promethazine was granted FDA approval before 29 March 1951.[A190177,L4000] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
194,
24,
401
]
],
[
[
194,
24,
1264
],
[
1264,
63,
401
]
],
[
[
194,
24,
104
],
[
104,
24,
401
]
],
[
[
194,
6,
4304
],
[
4304,
... | [
[
[
"Darifenacin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Promethazine"
]
],
[
[
"Darifenacin",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Doxepin"
],
[
... | Darifenacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methdilazine and Methdilazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin (Compound) binds CHRM2 (Gene) and CHRM2 (Gene) is bound by Promethazine (Compound)
Darifenacin (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Promethazine (Compound)
Darifenacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ipratropium and Ipratropium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin (Compound) resembles Trospium (Compound) and Darifenacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trospium and Trospium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Eliglustat and Eliglustat may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin (Compound) resembles Clidinium (Compound) and Darifenacin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clidinium and Clidinium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Darifenacin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tamoxifen and Tamoxifen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine |
DB01181 | DB06688 | 1,532 | 1,430 | [
"DDInter906",
"DDInter1677"
] | Ifosfamide | Sipuleucel-T | Ifosfamide is a chemotherapeutic agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards and a synthetic analog of cyclophosphamide. It is active as an alkylating agent and an immunosuppressive agent. | Sipuleucel-T is a personalized, autologous, cellular immunotherapy. Sipuleucel-T is a therapeutic cancer vaccine for prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T selectively targets the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) known as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) that is expressed in around 95% of prostate cancers. It must be prepared specifically for each patient. In metastatic prostate cancer, it has extended survival by median 4.1 months (IMPACT Phase III trial data). Sipuleucel-T is marketed under the brand name Provenge by Dendreon Corporation. Sipuleucel-T was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on April 29, 2010, to treat asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer (HRPC). The treatment initially cost $93,000 at the time of FDA approval, but rose to over $100,000 in 2014. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1532,
24,
1430
]
],
[
[
1532,
63,
51
],
[
51,
24,
1430
]
],
[
[
1532,
25,
676
],
[
676,
63,
1430
]
],
[
[
1532,
24,
1531
],
[
1531,
... | [
[
[
"Ifosfamide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Sipuleucel-T"
]
],
[
[
"Ifosfamide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Daunorubicin"
],
... | Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Daunorubicin and Daunorubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Canakinumab and Canakinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dimethyl fumarate and Dimethyl fumarate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Golimumab and Golimumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide (Compound) resembles Cyclophosphamide (Compound) and Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cyclophosphamide and Cyclophosphamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Sipuleucel-T
Ifosfamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Daunorubicin and Daunorubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Topotecan and Topotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sipuleucel-T |
DB12001 | DB14409 | 564 | 1,129 | [
"DDInter7",
"DDInter867"
] | Abemaciclib | Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen | Abemaciclib is an antitumor agent and dual inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6) that are involved in the cell cycle and promotion of cancer cell growth in case of unregulated activity. On September 28, 2017, FDA granted approval of abemaciclib treatment under the market name Verzenio for the treatment of HR-positive and HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer that has progressed after unsuccessful endocrine therapy. It is either given alone in patients who has undergone endocrine therapy and chemotherapy after the metastasis of cancer, or in combination with. Following oral treatment in patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, abemaciclib demonstrated increased progression-free survival rates and objective response rates. Abemaciclib has been used in trials studying the treatment of melanoma, lymphoma, neoplasm, solid tumor, and glioblastoma. | Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen is a vaccine. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
564,
24,
1129
]
],
[
[
564,
64,
1057
],
[
1057,
24,
1129
]
],
[
[
564,
63,
1683
],
[
1683,
24,
1129
]
],
[
[
564,
24,
1476
],
[
1476,
... | [
[
[
"Abemaciclib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen"
]
],
[
[
"Abemaciclib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
... | Abemaciclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Brigatinib and Brigatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Brigatinib and Brigatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Baricitinib and Baricitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen
Abemaciclib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Human adenovirus e serotype 4 strain cl-68578 antigen |
DB01069 | DB01362 | 401 | 497 | [
"DDInter1533",
"DDInter960"
] | Promethazine | Iohexol | Promethazine, originally known as 3,277 R.P., is an N-dimethylaminopropyl derivative of [phenothiazine] that was developed in France in 1946. Promethazine antagonizes a variety of receptors, allowing it to be used for a number of indications including allergic reactions, pain, sedation, nausea, and vomiting.[A189907,A190153,A190159,A190150,A190171] Promethazine was granted FDA approval before 29 March 1951.[A190177,L4000] | Iohexol is an effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
401,
25,
497
]
],
[
[
401,
21,
28787
],
[
28787,
60,
497
]
],
[
[
401,
63,
323
],
[
323,
24,
497
]
],
[
[
401,
24,
772
],
[
772,
... | [
[
[
"Promethazine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Iohexol"
]
],
[
[
"Promethazine",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Dermatitis"
],
[
"Dermatitis",
"{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (C... | Promethazine (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Iohexol (Compound)
Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bendroflumethiazide and Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carvedilol and Carvedilol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iodide I-123 and Iodide I-123 may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Disopyramide and Disopyramide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Amiodarone and Amiodarone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thiethylperazine and Thiethylperazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Escitalopram and Escitalopram may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iohexol
Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Amifampridine and Amifampridine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iohexol |
DB00734 | DB06663 | 1,664 | 1,154 | [
"DDInter1605",
"DDInter1398"
] | Risperidone | Pasireotide | Risperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication used in the treatment of a number of mood and mental health conditions including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is one of the most widely used SGAs. [Paliperidone], another commonly used SGA, is the primary active metabolite of risperidone (i.e. 9-hydroxyrisperidone). Schizophrenia and various mood disorders are thought to be caused by an excess of dopaminergic D2 and serotonergic 5-HT2A activity, resulting in overactivity of central mesolimbic pathways and mesocortical pathways, respectively. Risperidone is thought to reduce this overactivity through inhibition of dopaminergic D2 receptors and serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors in the brain. Risperidone binds with a very high affinity to 5-HT2A receptors, approximately 10-20 fold greater than the drug's | Pasireotide is a synthetic long-acting cyclic hexapeptide with somatostatin-like activity. It is marketed as a diaspartate salt called Signifor, which is used in the treatment of Cushing's disease. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1664,
25,
1154
]
],
[
[
1664,
21,
28900
],
[
28900,
60,
1154
]
],
[
[
1664,
23,
112
],
[
112,
23,
1154
]
],
[
[
1664,
24,
1385
],
[
13... | [
[
[
"Risperidone",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Pasireotide"
]
],
[
[
"Risperidone",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Abdominal pain"
],
[
"Abdominal pain",
"{u} (Side Effect) is caused... | Risperidone (Compound) causes Abdominal pain (Side Effect) and Abdominal pain (Side Effect) is caused by Pasireotide (Compound)
Risperidone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Semaglutide and Semaglutide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Acarbose and Acarbose may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Anagrelide and Anagrelide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Palonosetron and Palonosetron may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fingolimod and Fingolimod may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pasireotide
Risperidone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glasdegib and Glasdegib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Pasireotide |
DB01166 | DB01182 | 477 | 371 | [
"DDInter379",
"DDInter1534"
] | Cilostazol | Propafenone | Cilostazol is a quinolinone derivative and antiplatelet agent with vasodilating properties that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral ischaemia. It is marketed under the brand name Pletal by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.. Cilostazol works by inhibiting both primary and secondary aggregation and reducing calcium-induced contractions. | An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity. The drug is generally well tolerated. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
477,
24,
371
]
],
[
[
477,
63,
847
],
[
847,
1,
371
]
],
[
[
477,
63,
675
],
[
675,
40,
371
]
],
[
[
477,
63,
455
],
[
455,
24,
... | [
[
[
"Cilostazol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Propafenone"
]
],
[
[
"Cilostazol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Atomoxetine"
],
[
... | Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Atomoxetine and Atomoxetine (Compound) resembles Propafenone (Compound)
Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dextropropoxyphene and Dextropropoxyphene (Compound) resembles Propafenone (Compound)
Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salmeterol and Salmeterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propafenone
Cilostazol (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Propafenone (Compound)
Cilostazol (Compound) causes Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased (Side Effect) and Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased (Side Effect) is caused by Propafenone (Compound)
Cilostazol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Propafenone
Cilostazol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Olodaterol and Olodaterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propafenone
Cilostazol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propafenone
Cilostazol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propafenone |
DB00708 | DB00782 | 1,454 | 1,123 | [
"DDInter1718",
"DDInter1535"
] | Sufentanil | Propantheline | Sufentanil is an opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent. It is administered by the intravenous, epidural and sublingual routes. Also known as _Dsuvia_, the sublingual form is used for the management of acute pain in adults that is severe to warrant the use of an opioid analgesic in certified medically supervised healthcare settings, including hospitals, surgical centers, and emergency departments. Consideration may be made in the future for the use of the sublingual form in the US military in cases where analgesia is required immediately. The sublingual form, manufactured by AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (AcelRx), was approved on November 2, 2018. This route of administration is intended to be a simple, effective, non-invasive analgesic option to enable healthcare professionals to rapidly manage acute pain without difficult intravenous or epidural | A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1454,
24,
1123
]
],
[
[
1454,
21,
28681
],
[
28681,
60,
1123
]
],
[
[
1454,
24,
537
],
[
537,
63,
1123
]
],
[
[
1454,
1,
411
],
[
411,... | [
[
[
"Sufentanil",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Propantheline"
]
],
[
[
"Sufentanil",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Hypersensitivity"
],
[
"Hypersensitivity",
"{u} (Sid... | Sufentanil (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) and Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) is caused by Propantheline (Compound)
Sufentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cyclizine and Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Sufentanil (Compound) resembles Remifentanil (Compound) and Remifentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Sufentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thiethylperazine and Thiethylperazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Sufentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Scopolamine and Scopolamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline
Sufentanil (Compound) causes Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) and Hypersensitivity (Side Effect) is caused by Chlorothiazide (Compound) and Chlorothiazide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Propantheline
Sufentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cyclizine and Cyclizine (Compound) causes Constipation (Side Effect) and Constipation (Side Effect) is caused by Propantheline (Compound)
Sufentanil (Compound) resembles Remifentanil (Compound) and Remifentanil (Compound) causes Constipation (Side Effect) and Constipation (Side Effect) is caused by Propantheline (Compound)
Sufentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glycopyrronium and Glycopyrronium (Compound) binds CHRM1 (Gene) and CHRM1 (Gene) is bound by Propantheline (Compound) |
DB08827 | DB08912 | 990 | 1,040 | [
"DDInter1085",
"DDInter462"
] | Lomitapide | Dabrafenib | Lomitapide is a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor used in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) patients. It is marketed under the name Juxtapid (R). | Dabrafenib mesylate (Tafinlar) is a reversible ATP-competitive kinase inhibitor and targets the MAPK pathway. It was approved on May 29, 2013, for the treatment of melanoma with V600E or V6000K mutation. It was also used for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with the same mutation. In May 2018, Tafinlar (dabrafenib), in combination with Mekinist (), was approved to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer caused by an abnormal BRAF V600E gene. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
990,
24,
1040
]
],
[
[
990,
6,
4973
],
[
4973,
45,
1040
]
],
[
[
990,
21,
28900
],
[
28900,
60,
1040
]
],
[
[
990,
64,
168
],
[
168,
... | [
[
[
"Lomitapide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dabrafenib"
]
],
[
[
"Lomitapide",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"ABCB1"
],
[
"ABCB1",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
... | Lomitapide (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Dabrafenib (Compound)
Lomitapide (Compound) causes Abdominal pain (Side Effect) and Abdominal pain (Side Effect) is caused by Dabrafenib (Compound)
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apixaban and Apixaban may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Vemurafenib and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Osimertinib and Osimertinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Idelalisib and Idelalisib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib
Lomitapide (Compound) resembles Conivaptan (Compound) and Conivaptan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dabrafenib |
DB00773 | DB01005 | 896 | 995 | [
"DDInter702",
"DDInter894"
] | Etoposide | Hydroxyurea | A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin that exhibits antitumor activity. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA. This complex induces breaks in double stranded DNA and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding. Accumulated breaks in DNA prevent entry into the mitotic phase of cell division, and lead to cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. | Hydroxyurea is a non-alkylating antineoplastic agent that was first synthesized in 1869 but was not characterized biologically until 1928. It was first approved by the FDA in 1998 for the treatment of sickle cell anemia in adults. Although clinical evidence on the efficacy of hydroxyurea in certain conditions exists, hydroxyurea is used sparingly in clinical settings, largely due to lack of knowledge and adherence, the need for therapeutic monitoring, and serious side effects of secondary cancer and birth defects. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
896,
24,
995
]
],
[
[
896,
5,
11555
],
[
11555,
44,
995
]
],
[
[
896,
21,
29429
],
[
29429,
60,
995
]
],
[
[
896,
62,
1299
],
[
1299,
... | [
[
[
"Etoposide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Hydroxyurea"
]
],
[
[
"Etoposide",
"{u} (Compound) treats {v} (Disease)",
"hematologic cancer"
],
[
"hematologic cancer",
"{u} (Disease... | Etoposide (Compound) treats hematologic cancer (Disease) and hematologic cancer (Disease) is treated by Hydroxyurea (Compound)
Etoposide (Compound) causes Infestation NOS (Side Effect) and Infestation NOS (Side Effect) is caused by Hydroxyurea (Compound)
Etoposide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Trovafloxacin and Trovafloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sparfloxacin and Sparfloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cinoxacin and Cinoxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Grepafloxacin and Grepafloxacin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pentostatin and Pentostatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Topotecan and Topotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxyurea
Etoposide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Vinblastine and Vinblastine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxyurea |
DB01136 | DB06589 | 772 | 1,250 | [
"DDInter305",
"DDInter1400"
] | Carvedilol | Pazopanib | Carvedilol is a racemic mixture where the S(-) enantiomer is both a beta and alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker, and the R(+) enantiomer is an alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker.[L7889,L7892] It is currently used to treat heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and hypertension.[L7889,L7892] The dual action of carvedilol is advantageous in combination therapies as moderate doses of 2 drugs have a decreased incidence of adverse effects compared to high dose monotherapy in the treatment of moderate hypertension. Carvedilol was granted FDA approval on 14 September 1995. | Pazopanib is a small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. It is developed by GlaxoSmithKline and was FDA approved on October 19, 2009. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
772,
25,
1250
]
],
[
[
772,
6,
7950
],
[
7950,
45,
1250
]
],
[
[
772,
6,
3191
],
[
3191,
57,
1250
]
],
[
[
772,
21,
29203
],
[
29203,
... | [
[
[
"Carvedilol",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Pazopanib"
]
],
[
[
"Carvedilol",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP1A2"
],
[
"CYP1A2",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
"Pazopani... | Carvedilol (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Pazopanib (Compound)
Carvedilol (Compound) binds VEGFA (Gene) and VEGFA (Gene) is downregulated by Pazopanib (Compound)
Carvedilol (Compound) causes Aspartate aminotransferase increased (Side Effect) and Aspartate aminotransferase increased (Side Effect) is caused by Pazopanib (Compound)
Carvedilol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sunitinib and Sunitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib
Carvedilol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Salmeterol and Salmeterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib
Carvedilol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Imatinib and Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib
Carvedilol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Olodaterol and Olodaterol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib
Carvedilol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lorlatinib and Lorlatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib
Carvedilol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Magnesium oxide and Magnesium oxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pazopanib |
DB06589 | DB11003 | 1,250 | 748 | [
"DDInter1400",
"DDInter100"
] | Pazopanib | Anthrax vaccine | Pazopanib is a small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. It is developed by GlaxoSmithKline and was FDA approved on October 19, 2009. | Anthrax vaccine is a vaccine used for the pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis of disease in those at high risk of, suspected or confirmed exposure to *Bacillus anthracis*. It is subcutaneously or intramuscularly administered. It is derived from cell-free filtrates of microaerophilic cultures of an avirulent, nonencapsulated strain of Bacillus anthracis which are grown in a chemically defined protein-free medium. It is considered one of the most likely agents to be used in a biological attack. There are currently 2 anthrax vaccines approved by the FDA: BioThrax in August 15, 2016 and CYFENDUS in July 20, 2023.[L47566, L47561] These vaccines are currently stored in the Strategic National Stockpile in preparation for an Anthrax terrorist attack or for pre-exposure prophylaxis of personnel going to specific arenas around the world. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1250,
24,
748
]
],
[
[
1250,
63,
322
],
[
322,
24,
748
]
],
[
[
1250,
24,
594
],
[
594,
24,
748
]
],
[
[
1250,
25,
676
],
[
676,
... | [
[
[
"Pazopanib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Anthrax vaccine"
]
],
[
[
"Pazopanib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Epirubicin"
],
[... | Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bosutinib and Bosutinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rucaparib and Rucaparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fingolimod and Fingolimod may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bosutinib and Bosutinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine
Pazopanib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Anthrax vaccine |
DB00916 | DB01069 | 112 | 401 | [
"DDInter1202",
"DDInter1533"
] | Metronidazole | Promethazine | Metronidazole is a commonly used antibiotic, belonging to the nitroimidazole class of antibiotics. It is frequently used to treat gastrointestinal infections as well as trichomoniasis and giardiasis, and amebiasis which are parasitic infections.[A181036,A181039] Metronidazole has been used as an antibiotic for several decades, with added antiparasitic properties that set it apart from many other antibacterial drugs, allowing it to treat a wide variety of infections. It is available in capsule form, tablet form, and topical form, and suppository preparations for the treatment of various infections. | Promethazine, originally known as 3,277 R.P., is an N-dimethylaminopropyl derivative of [phenothiazine] that was developed in France in 1946. Promethazine antagonizes a variety of receptors, allowing it to be used for a number of indications including allergic reactions, pain, sedation, nausea, and vomiting.[A189907,A190153,A190159,A190150,A190171] Promethazine was granted FDA approval before 29 March 1951.[A190177,L4000] | Minor | 0 | [
[
[
112,
23,
401
]
],
[
[
112,
23,
1264
],
[
1264,
63,
401
]
],
[
[
112,
63,
1236
],
[
1236,
24,
401
]
],
[
[
112,
6,
6017
],
[
6017,
... | [
[
[
"Metronidazole",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Promethazine"
]
],
[
[
"Metronidazole",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Doxepin"
],
[
... | Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Promethazine (Compound)
Metronidazole (Compound) causes Decreased appetite (Side Effect) and Decreased appetite (Side Effect) is caused by Promethazine (Compound)
Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phenobarbital and Phenobarbital may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Tizanidine and Tizanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine and Famotidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Metronidazole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine |
DB01240 | DB01381 | 885 | 958 | [
"DDInter657",
"DDInter819"
] | Epoprostenol | Ginkgo biloba | A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from prostaglandin endoperoxides in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension. | _Ginkgo biloba_ extract contains a group of terpene lactones (notably, ginkgolides and diterpenes) and ginkgo flavone glycosides (notably, ginkgetin, bilobetin, and sciadopitysin) that have antioxidant and vasoactive properties. Most of the studies that investigate the effect of _ginkgo biloba_ use the standardized extract of _Ginkgo biloba_ (EGb) 761 (EGb761), which was developed by a German pharmaceutical company in 1964. EGb761 contains 6% terpene lactones and 24% flavonoid glycosides. Flavonoids include quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin. Lactones include ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, ginkgolide C, bilobalide, and ginkgotoxin, a lactone that is structurally related to [pyridoxine]. _Ginkgo biloba_ is an herbal plant that is now cultivated worldwide. It is originally native to China, and _ginkgo biloba_ extract has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. After its nootropic properties were discovered, _ginkgo biloba_ has gained attention as a therapeutic ingredient for memory and concentration enhancement in cognitive impairment and neurogenerative diseases, such as dementia. _Ginkgo biloba_ was investigated in preliminary studies for a variety of therapeutic purposes such as improving cardiovascular health, sexual dysfunction, psychiatric disorders, skin disorders, and glaucoma. _Ginkgo biloba_ is found in a number of homeopathic and over-the-counter herbal products and dietary supplements, but it has no approved therapeutic indications by regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, EMA, and Health Canada. _Ginkgo folium_, the leaf extract of _Ginkgo biloba_, is considered an anti-dementia drug by the World Health Organization. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
885,
24,
958
]
],
[
[
885,
63,
1347
],
[
1347,
24,
958
]
],
[
[
885,
25,
792
],
[
792,
63,
958
]
],
[
[
885,
24,
840
],
[
840,
6... | [
[
[
"Epoprostenol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Ginkgo biloba"
]
],
[
[
"Epoprostenol",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Clopidogrel"
],
... | Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clopidogrel and Clopidogrel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Rivaroxaban and Rivaroxaban may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vorapaxar and Vorapaxar may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ephedrine and Ephedrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fondaparinux and Fondaparinux may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol (Compound) resembles Treprostinil (Compound) and Treprostinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clopidogrel and Clopidogrel may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Clopidogrel and Clopidogrel may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba
Epoprostenol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dipyridamole and Dipyridamole may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Warfarin and Warfarin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ginkgo biloba |
DB00551 | DB04865 | 1,660 | 4 | [
"DDInter17",
"DDInter1335"
] | Acetohydroxamic acid | Omacetaxine mepesuccinate | Acetohydroxamic Acid, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Acetohydroxamic Acid has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. It is used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections. | Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (formerly known as HHT or Homoharringtonine), is a cephalotaxine ester and protein synthesis inhibitor with established clinical activity as a single agent in hematological malignancies. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate is synthesized from cephalotaxine, which is an extract from the leaves of the plant, Cephalotaxus species. In October 2005, omacetaxine mepesuccinate received Orphan Drug designation from the EMEA for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Then in March 2006, it received Orphan Drug status from the FDA for the treatment of CML. In November 2006, omacetaxine mepesuccinate, for the treatment of CML, was granted Fast Track designation by the FDA. Most recently, in October 2012, omacetaxine mepesuccinate was marketed under the brand name Synribo and FDA approved for patients who are intolerant and/or resistant to two or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors used to treat accelerated or chronic phase CML. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1660,
24,
4
]
],
[
[
1660,
40,
995
],
[
995,
24,
4
]
],
[
[
1660,
24,
1683
],
[
1683,
63,
4
]
],
[
[
1660,
63,
599
],
[
599,
24,... | [
[
[
"Acetohydroxamic acid",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Omacetaxine mepesuccinate"
]
],
[
[
"Acetohydroxamic acid",
"{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)",
"Hydroxyurea"
],
[
"Hydroxy... | Acetohydroxamic acid (Compound) resembles Hydroxyurea (Compound) and Hydroxyurea may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alemtuzumab and Alemtuzumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid (Compound) resembles Hydroxyurea (Compound) and Hydroxyurea may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Thalidomide and Thalidomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rituximab and Rituximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alemtuzumab and Alemtuzumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Rituximab and Rituximab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid (Compound) causes Feeling abnormal (Side Effect) and Feeling abnormal (Side Effect) is caused by Pentostatin (Compound) and Pentostatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate
Acetohydroxamic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine (Compound) downregulates HIST1H2BK (Gene) and HIST1H2BK (Gene) is upregulated by Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (Compound) |
DB08865 | DB11901 | 1,593 | 913 | [
"DDInter448",
"DDInter107"
] | Crizotinib | Apalutamide | Crizotinib is a tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor used for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) or ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors, as well as ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). By targeting the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion protein, crizotinib offers robust effectiveness in treating NSCLC in patients with this type of rearrangement. Crizotinib was the first-in-class drug used to treat ALK-positive tumors. Second- and third-generation ALK-tyrosine kinase-inhibitors have overcome many of the pharmacodynamic and genetic resistance mechanisms crizotinib is prone to. Crizotinib was approved by the FDA in 2011, and its use is accompanied by FDA-approved tests used | Apalutamide is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist that selectively binds to the ligand-binding domain of AR and blocks AR nuclear translocation or binding to androgen response elements . It has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer, Hepatic Impairment, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, and Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, among others. Exerting an antitumor action, apalutamide blocking the effect of androgens that promote tumor growth. It targets the AR ligand-binding domain and prevents AR nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and transcription of AR gene targets in prostate tumors . In mice bearing human CRPC xenograft models, apalutamide treatment produced tumor regressions in a dose-dependent manner that was more effective than that of or . Unlike bicalutamide, apalutamide antagonized AR-mediated signaling in AR overexpressing human CRPC cell lines . Androgen-deprivation therapy, or hormone therapy, can be used as part of maintenance therapy for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Although most patients achieve therapeutic responses at the initial hormone therapy, many patients progress to non-metastatic castration-resistant (resistance to hormone therapy) prostate cancer which is the second-most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American males . Castration-resistant prostate cancer is often incurable, which poses significant clinical challenges for patients. Approximately 10 to 20 % of prostate cancer cases are castration-resistant, and up to 16% of these patients show no evidence of cancer metastasis at the time of castration-resistant diagnosis . Higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and shorter PSA doubling time (PSA DT) are associated with a higher risk for metastases and death . In a phase-2 multicenter open-label study, 89% of patients with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer had ≥50% PSA decline at week 12 of apalutamide treatment . In a randomized trial, the median metastasis-free survival for patients taking apalutamide was 40.5 months compared to 16.2 months for patients taking a placebo . Apalutamide displayed good tolerability and safety profile in clinical studies. Apalutamide was approved in February 2018 by the FDA as Erleada for the treatment of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer that is resistant to treatment with hormone therapy (castration-resistant). It is available as oral tablets. Apalutamide is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer . | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1593,
25,
913
]
],
[
[
1593,
64,
312
],
[
312,
23,
913
]
],
[
[
1593,
63,
112
],
[
112,
23,
913
]
],
[
[
1593,
23,
271
],
[
271,
... | [
[
[
"Crizotinib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Apalutamide"
]
],
[
[
"Crizotinib",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Eplerenone"
],
[
"Eplerenone",
"{u} ... | Crizotinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Eplerenone and Eplerenone may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mirabegron and Mirabegron may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Polatuzumab vedotin and Polatuzumab vedotin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Alfentanil and Alfentanil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bisacodyl and Bisacodyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methylergometrine and Methylergometrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide
Crizotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix and Elagolix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Apalutamide |
DB00204 | DB11110 | 228 | 603 | [
"DDInter580",
"DDInter1115"
] | Dofetilide | Magnesium citrate | Dofetilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in individuals prone to the formation of atrial fibrillation and flutter, and for the chemical cardioversion to sinus rhythm from atrial fibrillation and flutter. | Magnesium citrate is a low volume and osmotic cathartic agent. The cathartic action works primarily through the high osmolarity of the solution which draws large amounts of fluid into space where is used. Magnesium citrate is considered by the FDA as an approved inactive ingredient for approved drug products under the specifications of oral administration of a maximum concentration of 237 mg. It is also considered as an active ingredient in over-the-counter products. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
228,
24,
603
]
],
[
[
228,
25,
57
],
[
57,
24,
603
]
],
[
[
228,
25,
484
],
[
484,
63,
603
]
],
[
[
228,
23,
891
],
[
891,
24,
... | [
[
[
"Dofetilide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Magnesium citrate"
]
],
[
[
"Dofetilide",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Arsenic trioxide"
],
[
... | Dofetilide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Arsenic trioxide and Arsenic trioxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Entrectinib and Entrectinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisolone and Prednisolone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Abarelix and Abarelix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide (Compound) resembles Dronedarone (Compound) and Dronedarone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Arsenic trioxide and Arsenic trioxide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Foscarnet and Foscarnet may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Fludrocortisone and Fludrocortisone may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Arsenic trioxide and Arsenic trioxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate
Dofetilide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Prednisolone and Prednisolone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Foscarnet and Foscarnet may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium citrate |
DB06688 | DB14762 | 1,430 | 994 | [
"DDInter1677",
"DDInter1602"
] | Sipuleucel-T | Risankizumab | Sipuleucel-T is a personalized, autologous, cellular immunotherapy. Sipuleucel-T is a therapeutic cancer vaccine for prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T selectively targets the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) known as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) that is expressed in around 95% of prostate cancers. It must be prepared specifically for each patient. In metastatic prostate cancer, it has extended survival by median 4.1 months (IMPACT Phase III trial data). Sipuleucel-T is marketed under the brand name Provenge by Dendreon Corporation. Sipuleucel-T was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on April 29, 2010, to treat asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer (HRPC). The treatment initially cost $93,000 at the time of FDA approval, but rose to over $ | Risankizumab is a fully humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against interleukin 23 (IL-23). It gained its first global approval in Japan in March 2019, followed by approval in Canada, the US, and Europe in April 2019. Risankizumab is used to treat plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease.[L39885,L44191,L44231] Risankizumab is being investigated for atopic dermatitis. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1430,
24,
994
]
],
[
[
1430,
63,
4
],
[
4,
24,
994
]
],
[
[
1430,
24,
270
],
[
270,
24,
994
]
],
[
[
1430,
24,
287
],
[
287,
63,... | [
[
[
"Sipuleucel-T",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Risankizumab"
]
],
[
[
"Sipuleucel-T",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Omacetaxine mepesucci... | Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate and Omacetaxine mepesuccinate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab and Ocrelizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diroximel fumarate and Diroximel fumarate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Golimumab and Golimumab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate and Omacetaxine mepesuccinate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alefacept and Alefacept may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Risankizumab
Sipuleucel-T may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alefacept and Alefacept may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Zinc sulfate and Zinc sulfate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Risankizumab |
DB00697 | DB01240 | 876 | 885 | [
"DDInter1821",
"DDInter657"
] | Tizanidine | Epoprostenol | Tizanidine is a fast-acting drug used for the management of muscle spasm, which may result from the effects of multiple sclerosis, stroke, an acquired brain injury, or a spinal cord injury. It may also be caused by musculoskeletal injury. Regardless of the cause, muscle spasticity can be an extremely painful and debilitating condition. Initially approved by the FDA in 1996, tizanidine is an Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist reducing spasticity by the presynaptic inhibition of excitatory neurotransmitters that cause firing of neurons promoting muscle spasm [FDA label]. | A prostaglandin that is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. It is biosynthesized enzymatically from prostaglandin endoperoxides in human vascular tissue. The sodium salt has been also used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
876,
25,
885
]
],
[
[
876,
64,
1061
],
[
1061,
1,
885
]
],
[
[
876,
21,
28936
],
[
28936,
60,
885
]
],
[
[
876,
64,
1018
],
[
1018,
... | [
[
[
"Tizanidine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Epoprostenol"
]
],
[
[
"Tizanidine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Treprostinil"
],
[
"Treprostinil",
... | Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Treprostinil and Treprostinil (Compound) resembles Epoprostenol (Compound)
Tizanidine (Compound) causes Hyperhidrosis (Side Effect) and Hyperhidrosis (Side Effect) is caused by Epoprostenol (Compound)
Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ticlopidine and Ticlopidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sibutramine and Sibutramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Amyl Nitrite and Amyl Nitrite may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine (Compound) resembles Clonidine (Compound) and Clonidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cabozantinib and Cabozantinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dasatinib and Dasatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Epoprostenol
Tizanidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Treprostinil and Treprostinil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Alprostadil and Alprostadil may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epoprostenol |
DB00986 | DB01069 | 1,192 | 401 | [
"DDInter834",
"DDInter1533"
] | Glycopyrronium | Promethazine | Glycopyrronium, also known as NVA237 or glycopyrrolate, is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. They are both quaternary ammonium compounds and long acting muscarinic antagonists. It is one of the most commonly prescribed anticholinergic medications.[A233535,A233540] Early research into glycopyrronium use was for its indication as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcers.[A233570,L33090] Later research, taking advantage of the systemic distribution of muscarinic receptors through the body, found that glycopyrronium could also be used for reducing sweat gland, oral, airway, and gastric secretions; as well as reducing cardiac inhibitory reflexes; and reducing bronchoconstriction in COPD. Glycopyrronium is commonly prescribed as a first line treatment for a wide variety indications and is considered to have a wider therapeutic window than [tiotropium]. Glycopy | Promethazine, originally known as 3,277 R.P., is an N-dimethylaminopropyl derivative of [phenothiazine] that was developed in France in 1946. Promethazine antagonizes a variety of receptors, allowing it to be used for a number of indications including allergic reactions, pain, sedation, nausea, and vomiting.[A189907,A190153,A190159,A190150,A190171] Promethazine was granted FDA approval before 29 March 1951.[A190177,L4000] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1192,
24,
401
]
],
[
[
1192,
63,
146
],
[
146,
24,
401
]
],
[
[
1192,
24,
1264
],
[
1264,
63,
401
]
],
[
[
1192,
6,
4304
],
[
4304,
... | [
[
[
"Glycopyrronium",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Promethazine"
]
],
[
[
"Glycopyrronium",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Propiomazine"
... | Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propiomazine and Propiomazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Doxepin and Doxepin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium (Compound) binds CHRM2 (Gene) and CHRM2 (Gene) is bound by Promethazine (Compound)
Glycopyrronium (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Promethazine (Compound)
Glycopyrronium (Compound) resembles Trihexyphenidyl (Compound) and Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trihexyphenidyl and Trihexyphenidyl may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Hydrochlorothiazide and Hydrochlorothiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metolazone and Metolazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tolterodine and Tolterodine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine
Glycopyrronium may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Polythiazide and Polythiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine |
DB00619 | DB11791 | 1,419 | 785 | [
"DDInter909",
"DDInter287"
] | Imatinib | Capmatinib | Imatinib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor that revolutionized the treatment of cancer, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia, in 2001. It was deemed a "miracle drug" due to its clinical success, as oncologist Dr. Brian noted that "complete hematologic responses were observed in 53 of 54 patients with CML treated with a daily dosage of 300 mg or more and typically occurred in the first four weeks of therapy".. The discovery of imatinib also established a new group of therapy called "targeted therapy", since treatment can be tailored specifically to the unique cancer genetics of each patient. Imatinib was approved on February 1st,2001 by the FDA and November 7th, 2001 by the EMA; however, its European approval has been withdrawn in October 2023.[A263036,L49746,L49751] | Capmatinib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor targeted against c-Met (a.k.a. hepatocyte growth factor receptor [HGFR]), a receptor tyrosine kinase that, in healthy humans, activates signaling cascades involved in organ regeneration and tissue repair. Aberrant c-Met activation - via mutations, amplification, and/or overexpression - is known to occur in many types of cancer, and leads to overactivation of multiple downstream signaling pathways such as STAT3, PI3K/ATK, and RAS/MAPK. Mutations in _MET_ have been detected in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the prevalence of _MET_ amplification in epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)-naive patients with NSCLC has been reported to be 1.4% - 21%. This co-occurrence has made c-Met a desirable target in the treatment of NSCLC. Manufactured by Novartis and marketed under the brand name Tabrecta, capmatinib was granted accelerated approval by the FDA on May 6, 2020, for the treatment of NSCLC in patients whose tumors have a mutation that leads to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping. The presence of the mutation must be confirmed by an FDA-approved test, such as the FoundationOne CDx assay (manufactured by Foundation Medicine, Inc.), which was approved by the FDA on the same day. As this indication was granted under an accelerated approval, its continued approval is contingent upon verification of capmatinib's benefit in confirmatory trials. Capmatinib was approved by Health Canada on June 8, 2022. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1419,
24,
785
]
],
[
[
1419,
63,
1215
],
[
1215,
23,
785
]
],
[
[
1419,
24,
101
],
[
101,
23,
785
]
],
[
[
1419,
25,
1135
],
[
1135,
... | [
[
[
"Imatinib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Capmatinib"
]
],
[
[
"Imatinib",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Lansoprazole"
],
[
... | Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Lansoprazole and Lansoprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dexlansoprazole and Dexlansoprazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Naloxegol and Naloxegol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Troglitazone and Troglitazone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Vemurafenib and Vemurafenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cobimetinib and Cobimetinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Elagolix and Elagolix may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ivosidenib and Ivosidenib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib
Imatinib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Capmatinib |
DB01176 | DB06016 | 537 | 1,508 | [
"DDInter453",
"DDInter300"
] | Cyclizine | Cariprazine | A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935) | Cariprazine is an atypical antipsychotic agent and a piperazine derivative that was first developed in Hungary. It works as a partial agonist at central dopamine D2, dopamine D3, and serotonin 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptors and as an antagonist at serotonin 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors. Cariprazine has been investigated in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depressive disorder. Cariprazine gained its first global approval in the US in September 2015 and was later approved by Health Canada in April 2022. It is currently used to treat schizophrenia, and manic or mixed episodes and depressive episodes associated with bipolar I disorder.[L41655,L40198] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
537,
24,
1508
]
],
[
[
537,
63,
1242
],
[
1242,
24,
1508
]
],
[
[
537,
24,
849
],
[
849,
63,
1508
]
],
[
[
537,
74,
1376
],
[
1376,
... | [
[
[
"Cyclizine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cariprazine"
]
],
[
[
"Cyclizine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Cetirizine"
],
[
... | Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound) and Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepenzolate and Mepenzolate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine (Compound) resembles Phenindamine (Compound) and Phenindamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide and Metoclopramide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cetirizine and Cetirizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chlorpheniramine and Chlorpheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine
Cyclizine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dicyclomine and Dicyclomine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline and Propantheline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cariprazine |
DB00056 | DB10343 | 816 | 962 | [
"DDInter814",
"DDInter160"
] | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin | Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin is a recombinant humanized IgG4 kappa antibody which is conjugated with calicheamicin derivative, a cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic isolated from fermentation of Micromonospora echinospora ssp. calichensis. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin has approximately 50% of the antibody loaded with 4-6 moles calicheamicin per mole of antibody [FDA Label]. The antibody is specifically directed against the CD33 antigen present on leukemic myeloblasts in most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). By binding to the CD33 antigen on tumors, the cytotoxic agent blocks the growth of cancerous cells and causes cell death. Marketing approval of gemtuzumab ozogamicin was granted on May 17, 2000 by FDA as a treatment for patients with CD33-positive AML in first relapse who are 60 years of age or | Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen is a vaccine containing attenuated live culture preparation of the Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) strain of *Mycobacterium bovis* for percutaneous use. It is administered to prevent the development of tuberculosis. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
816,
25,
962
]
],
[
[
816,
64,
1057
],
[
1057,
25,
962
]
],
[
[
816,
24,
270
],
[
270,
64,
962
]
],
[
[
816,
24,
663
],
[
663,
2... | [
[
[
"Gemtuzumab ozogamicin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen"
]
],
[
[
"Gemtuzumab ozogamicin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
... | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab and Ocrelizumab may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrexate and Methotrexate may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tofacitinib and Tofacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Baricitinib and Baricitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Asparaginase Escherichia coli and Asparaginase Escherichia coli may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Etanercept and Etanercept may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Budesonide and Budesonide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ocrelizumab and Ocrelizumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Budesonide and Budesonide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methotrexate and Methotrexate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Budesonide and Budesonide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bacillus calmette-guerin substrain tice live antigen |
DB00690 | DB01233 | 1,216 | 1,311 | [
"DDInter762",
"DDInter1197"
] | Flurazepam | Metoclopramide | A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic. | Diabetic gastroparesis is a condition that causes frequent nausea and vomiting, which has a negative impact on quality of life and poses a significant burden on the healthcare system. Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting that may be associated with diabetic gastroparesis in addition to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It can also be used to prevent nausea or vomiting associated with chemotherapy or certain surgical or diagnostic procedures. One unique property of this drug is that it does not increase gastric acid secretion. It is available in the oral tablet form or in solution, and can also be administered through the intravenous route. Metoclopramide was initially approved by the FDA in 1980. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1216,
24,
1311
]
],
[
[
1216,
21,
28691
],
[
28691,
60,
1311
]
],
[
[
1216,
24,
629
],
[
629,
24,
1311
]
],
[
[
1216,
24,
649
],
[
649... | [
[
[
"Flurazepam",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Metoclopramide"
]
],
[
[
"Flurazepam",
"{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)",
"Somnolence"
],
[
"Somnolence",
"{u} (Side Effect) i... | Flurazepam (Compound) causes Somnolence (Side Effect) and Somnolence (Side Effect) is caused by Metoclopramide (Compound)
Flurazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sirolimus and Sirolimus may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol and Clofedanol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nabilone and Nabilone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam (Compound) resembles Lorazepam (Compound) and Lorazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam (Compound) resembles Clomipramine (Compound) and Clomipramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam (Compound) resembles Clonazepam (Compound) and Clonazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam (Compound) resembles Quazepam (Compound) and Quazepam may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide
Flurazepam may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Metoclopramide |
DB00835 | DB01192 | 100 | 560 | [
"DDInter245",
"DDInter1372"
] | Brompheniramine | Oxymorphone | Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria. | An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of morphine, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092). On June 8, 2017, FDA requested Endo Pharmaceuticals to remove the medication from the market due to opioid misuse and abuse risks associated with the product's injectable reformulation. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
100,
24,
560
]
],
[
[
100,
63,
828
],
[
828,
1,
560
]
],
[
[
100,
24,
314
],
[
314,
1,
560
]
],
[
[
100,
6,
12523
],
[
12523,
45... | [
[
[
"Brompheniramine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Oxymorphone"
]
],
[
[
"Brompheniramine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Oxycodone"
]... | Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxycodone and Oxycodone (Compound) resembles Oxymorphone (Compound)
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Nalbuphine and Nalbuphine (Compound) resembles Oxymorphone (Compound)
Brompheniramine (Compound) binds CYP2D6 (Gene) and CYP2D6 (Gene) is bound by Oxymorphone (Compound)
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Propantheline and Propantheline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methdilazine and Methdilazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone
Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clofedanol and Clofedanol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone
Brompheniramine (Compound) resembles Mepyramine (Compound) and Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone
Brompheniramine (Compound) resembles Diphenhydramine (Compound) and Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Diphenhydramine and Diphenhydramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone
Brompheniramine (Compound) resembles Carbinoxamine (Compound) and Brompheniramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxymorphone |
DB01089 | DB06704 | 1,340 | 247 | [
"DDInter502",
"DDInter952"
] | Deserpidine | Iobenguane (I-131) | Deserpidine is an ester alkaloid drug isolated from Rauwolfia canescens (family Apocynaceae) with antipsychotic and antihypertensive properties that has been used for the control of high blood pressure and for the relief of psychotic behavior. | 2-[(3-iodophenyl)methyl]guanidine is an organoiodine compound. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1340,
37,
247
]
],
[
[
1340,
24,
1090
],
[
1090,
64,
247
]
],
[
[
1340,
1,
425
],
[
425,
25,
247
]
],
[
[
1340,
63,
1445
],
[
1445,
... | [
[
[
"Deserpidine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v} and {u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Iobenguane"
]
],
[
[
"Deserpidine",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that cou... | Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iobenguane and Deserpidine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tetryzoline and Tetryzoline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine (Compound) resembles Yohimbine (Compound) and Yohimbine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pseudoephedrine and Pseudoephedrine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iobenguane and Pseudoephedrine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine (Compound) resembles Reserpine (Compound) and Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iobenguane and Reserpine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Tetryzoline and Tetryzoline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Selegiline and Tetryzoline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Selegiline and Selegiline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Methylene blue and Methylene blue may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nefazodone and Nefazodone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine (Compound) resembles Yohimbine (Compound) and Yohimbine (Compound) resembles Reserpine (Compound) and Reserpine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Iobenguane and Reserpine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Iobenguane
Deserpidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Pseudoephedrine and Pseudoephedrine (Compound) binds SLC6A2 (Gene) and SLC6A2 (Gene) is bound by Iobenguane (Compound)
Deserpidine (Compound) resembles Reserpine (Compound) and Reserpine (Compound) upregulates MCOLN1 (Gene) and MCOLN1 (Gene) is upregulated by Iobenguane (Compound) |
DB00468 | DB00834 | 1,424 | 932 | [
"DDInter1557",
"DDInter1215"
] | Quinine | Mifepristone | An alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used as an antimalarial drug, and is the active ingredient in extracts of the cinchona that have been used for that purpose since before 1633. Quinine is also a mild antipyretic and analgesic and has been used in common cold preparations for that purpose. It was used commonly and as a bitter and flavoring agent, and is still useful for the treatment of babesiosis. Quinine is also useful in some muscular disorders, especially nocturnal leg cramps and myotonia congenita, because of its direct effects on muscle membrane and sodium channels. The mechanisms of its antimalarial effects are not well understood. | Mifepristone is a progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary cushing syndrome. The two marketed forms of mifepristone are Mifeprex® (mifepristone 200mg) and Korlym™ (mifepristone 300mg). Currently under investigation for use in psychotic depression (phase 3 trials). | Major | 2 | [
[
[
1424,
25,
932
]
],
[
[
1424,
6,
7524
],
[
7524,
45,
932
]
],
[
[
1424,
21,
28762
],
[
28762,
60,
932
]
],
[
[
1424,
63,
1101
],
[
1101... | [
[
[
"Quinine",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Mifepristone"
]
],
[
[
"Quinine",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP3A5"
],
[
"CYP3A5",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)",
"Mifepriston... | Quinine (Compound) binds CYP3A5 (Gene) and CYP3A5 (Gene) is bound by Mifepristone (Compound)
Quinine (Compound) causes Headache (Side Effect) and Headache (Side Effect) is caused by Mifepristone (Compound)
Quinine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bexarotene and Bexarotene may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Naldemedine and Naldemedine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Aprepitant and Aprepitant may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Picosulfuric acid and Picosulfuric acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Glimepiride and Glimepiride may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone
Quinine may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cimetidine and Cimetidine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mifepristone |
DB00321 | DB00927 | 21 | 1,559 | [
"DDInter78",
"DDInter712"
] | Amitriptyline | Famotidine | Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that has been used to treat depression for decades. ELAVIL, a previously approved branded product of amitriptyline, was first approved by the FDA in 1961. Amitriptyline has been investigated in the treatment of pain-related conditions, attributed to its analgesic properties. | Famotidine is a competitive histamine-2 (H<sub>2</sub>) receptor antagonist that works to inhibit gastric acid secretion. It is commonly used in gastrointestinal conditions related to acid secretion, such as gastric ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in adults and children. Compared to other H<sub>2</sub> receptor antagonists, famotidine displays high selectivity towards this receptor; in a study consisting of healthy volunteers and patients with acid hypersecretory disease, famotidine was about 20 to 50 times more potent at inhibiting gastric acid secretion than [cimetidine] and eight times more potent than [ranitidine] on a weight basis. Famotidine is used in various over-the-counter and off-label uses. While oral formulations of famotidine are more commonly used, the intravenous solution of the drug is available for use in hospital settings. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
21,
24,
1559
]
],
[
[
21,
6,
10215
],
[
10215,
45,
1559
]
],
[
[
21,
21,
28826
],
[
28826,
60,
1559
]
],
[
[
21,
23,
112
],
[
112,
... | [
[
[
"Amitriptyline",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Famotidine"
]
],
[
[
"Amitriptyline",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP2C19"
],
[
"CYP2C19",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Com... | Amitriptyline (Compound) binds CYP2C19 (Gene) and CYP2C19 (Gene) is bound by Famotidine (Compound)
Amitriptyline (Compound) causes Jaundice (Side Effect) and Jaundice (Side Effect) is caused by Famotidine (Compound)
Amitriptyline may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Nilotinib and Nilotinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Isoprenaline and Isoprenaline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline (Compound) resembles Promethazine (Compound) and Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Promethazine and Promethazine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Palonosetron and Palonosetron may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Goserelin and Goserelin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine
Amitriptyline may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Oxaliplatin and Oxaliplatin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Famotidine |
DB00436 | DB09045 | 323 | 52 | [
"DDInter179",
"DDInter607"
] | Bendroflumethiazide | Dulaglutide | A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810) | Dulaglutide, marketed by Eli Lilly as Trulicity, is a once-weekly subcutaneous glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist designed using recombinant DNA technology; it has been approved as an adjunct therapy to diet and exercise in the management of 2 diabetes (T2DM). Dulaglutide was initially approved by the FDA in 2014, and in February 2020 was approved for use in patients with T2DM and multiple cardiovascular risk factors for the prevention of cardiovascular events. It is the first T2DM drug approved to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) risk in primary and secondary prevention populations. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
323,
24,
52
]
],
[
[
323,
24,
170
],
[
170,
23,
52
]
],
[
[
323,
40,
178
],
[
178,
24,
52
]
],
[
[
323,
24,
870
],
[
870,
24,
... | [
[
[
"Bendroflumethiazide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Dulaglutide"
]
],
[
[
"Bendroflumethiazide",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Sitaglip... | Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide (Compound) resembles Polythiazide (Compound) and Polythiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone and Fludrocortisone may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin degludec and Insulin degludec may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Insulin lispro and Insulin lispro may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Amcinonide and Amcinonide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide (Compound) resembles Polythiazide (Compound) and Polythiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Fludrocortisone and Fludrocortisone (Compound) resembles Amcinonide (Compound) and Amcinonide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dulaglutide
Bendroflumethiazide (Compound) resembles Trichlormethiazide (Compound) and Trichlormethiazide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sitagliptin and Sitagliptin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Dulaglutide |
DB01042 | DB10429 | 1,307 | 200 | [
"DDInter1144",
"DDInter282"
] | Melphalan | Candida albicans | Melphalan is a nitrogen mustard or bischloroethylamine type alkylating agent. It was first synthesized in the early 1950s by substituting L-phenylalanine for the methyl group on nitrogen mustard.[A261150, A261155] Melphalan is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and ovarian carcinoma. It is also used for high-conditioning before hematopoietic stem cell transplant. It is also used to treat uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases. | Candida albicans is a fungus which can provoke allergic reactions. Candida albicans is used in allergenic testing. | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1307,
24,
200
]
],
[
[
1307,
24,
1683
],
[
1683,
24,
200
]
],
[
[
1307,
25,
976
],
[
976,
24,
200
]
],
[
[
1307,
62,
168
],
[
168,
... | [
[
[
"Melphalan",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Candida albicans"
]
],
[
[
"Melphalan",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Ustekinumab"
],
... | Melphalan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tofacitinib and Tofacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Topotecan and Topotecan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Niraparib and Niraparib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cladribine and Cladribine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Upadacitinib and Upadacitinib may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ustekinumab and Ustekinumab may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mycophenolic acid and Mycophenolic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans
Melphalan may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Tofacitinib and Tofacitinib may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Mycophenolic acid and Mycophenolic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Candida albicans |
DB00313 | DB00501 | 556 | 752 | [
"DDInter1913",
"DDInter380"
] | Valproic acid | Cimetidine | Valproic acid, or valproate, is an fatty acid derivative and anticonvulsant originally synthesized in 1881 by Beverly S. Burton. It enjoyed use as a popular organic solvent in industry and pharmaceutical manufacturing for nearly a century. In 1963, a serendipitous discovery was made by George Carraz during his investigations into the anticonvulsant effects of khelline when he found that all of his samples, dissolved in valproic acid, exerted a similar degree of anticonvulsive activity. It first received approval on February 28, 1978 from the FDA under the trade name Depakene. Since then, it has been investigated for neuroprotective, anti-manic, and anti-migraine effects. It is currently a compound of interest in the field of oncology for its anti-proliferative effects and is the subject of many clinical trials in a variety of cancer types. | A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits histamine binding to histamine H2 receptors. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits gastric acid secretion, as well as pepsin and gastrins output. It also blocks the activity of cytochrome P-450 which might explain proposals for use in neoadjuvant therapy. | Minor | 0 | [
[
[
556,
23,
752
]
],
[
[
556,
6,
7950
],
[
7950,
45,
752
]
],
[
[
556,
21,
29134
],
[
29134,
60,
752
]
],
[
[
556,
23,
1384
],
[
1384,
... | [
[
[
"Valproic acid",
"{u} may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with {v}",
"Cimetidine"
]
],
[
[
"Valproic acid",
"{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)",
"CYP1A2"
],
[
"CYP1A2",
"{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compoun... | Valproic acid (Compound) binds CYP1A2 (Gene) and CYP1A2 (Gene) is bound by Cimetidine (Compound)
Valproic acid (Compound) causes Flatulence (Side Effect) and Flatulence (Side Effect) is caused by Cimetidine (Compound)
Valproic acid may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Magaldrate and Magaldrate may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Hydroxychloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Morphine and Morphine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cimetidine
Valproic acid may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Epirubicin and Epirubicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Cimetidine |
DB00986 | DB09076 | 1,192 | 1,116 | [
"DDInter834",
"DDInter1899"
] | Glycopyrronium | Umeclidinium | Glycopyrronium, also known as NVA237 or glycopyrrolate, is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. They are both quaternary ammonium compounds and long acting muscarinic antagonists. It is one of the most commonly prescribed anticholinergic medications.[A233535,A233540] Early research into glycopyrronium use was for its indication as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcers.[A233570,L33090] Later research, taking advantage of the systemic distribution of muscarinic receptors through the body, found that glycopyrronium could also be used for reducing sweat gland, oral, airway, and gastric secretions; as well as reducing cardiac inhibitory reflexes; and reducing bronchoconstriction in COPD. Glycopyrronium is commonly prescribed as a first line treatment for a wide variety indications and is considered to have a wider therapeutic window than [tiotropium]. Glycopy | Umeclidinium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) used as a maintenance treatment for symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a progressive obstructive lung disease characterized by shortness of breath, cough, sputum production, and chronically poor airflow with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of less than 80%. Maintenance of the airway is controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, particularly by the abundance of the muscarinic subtype 3 (M3) in the airway smooth muscle. Parasympathetic ganglia are associated with the larger airways while postganglionic fibers innervate the smaller diameter bronchioles contributing to airway resistance. By blocking the M3 muscarinic receptor, umeclidinium inhibits the binding of acetylcholine and thereby opens up the airways by preventing bronchoconstriction. However, even though umeclidinium monotherapy is well-tolerated for up to 14 days, it is more likely to be used in combination therapy, as the international Gold Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines recommended the use of two long-acting bronchodilators with differing mechanisms of action to maximize efficacy and minimize adverse effects.[A7718,A7714] Umeclidinium was approved by the FDA in April 2014 under the brand name Incruse Ellipta as a standalone product. Later, it was further approved as a combination product with [vilanterol] and [vilanterol]/[fluticasone furoate] under the brand name ANORO ELLIPTA and TRELEGY ELLIPTA respectively.[L44461,L44456]. ANORO ELLIPTA was approved in December 2013 while TRELEGY ELLIPTA was approved in September 2017.[L46881,L46886] | Moderate | 1 | [
[
[
1192,
24,
1116
]
],
[
[
1192,
24,
849
],
[
849,
24,
1116
]
],
[
[
1192,
63,
1300
],
[
1300,
24,
1116
]
],
[
[
1192,
74,
352
],
[
352,
... | [
[
[
"Glycopyrronium",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Umeclidinium"
]
],
[
[
"Glycopyrronium",
"{u} may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with {v}",
"Mepyramine"
]... | Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Haloperidol and Haloperidol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium (Compound) resembles Trospium (Compound) and Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trospium and Trospium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Phenyltoloxamine and Phenyltoloxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Haloperidol and Haloperidol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Haloperidol and Haloperidol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bethanechol and Bethanechol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepenzolate and Mepenzolate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Carbinoxamine and Carbinoxamine (Compound) resembles Mepyramine (Compound) and Carbinoxamine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium
Glycopyrronium (Compound) resembles Trospium (Compound) and Glycopyrronium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Trospium and Trospium may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Mepyramine and Mepyramine may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Umeclidinium |
DB00445 | DB01175 | 322 | 318 | [
"DDInter655",
"DDInter672"
] | Epirubicin | Escitalopram | An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. | Escitalopram is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the S-enantiomer of racemic [citalopram]. It is used to restore serotonergic function in the treatment of depression and anxiety.[L8513,L8516,L8522] Escitalopram is approximately 150 times more potent than citalopram’s R-enantiomer and is responsible for the vast majority of citalopram’s clinical activity, with some evidence suggesting that the R-enantiomer of racemic citalopram actively dampens the activity of escitalopram rather than existing simply as an inactive enantiomer.[A39738,A185819] Amongst SSRIs, escitalopram exerts the highest degree of selectivity for the serotonin transporter (SERT) relative to other off-targets which may explain its lower rates of adverse effects as compared to other agents in this class. Escitalopram also differentiates itself from other SSRIs via allosteric action on its target - this may be the mechanism responsible for its observed superior efficacy and faster onset compared to other SSRIs.[A185825,A185726,A185822] | Major | 2 | [
[
[
322,
25,
318
]
],
[
[
322,
64,
1230
],
[
1230,
1,
318
]
],
[
[
322,
18,
8587
],
[
8587,
46,
318
]
],
[
[
322,
18,
3741
],
[
3741,
... | [
[
[
"Epirubicin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Escitalopram"
]
],
[
[
"Epirubicin",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Citalopram"
],
[
"Citalopram",
"{u}... | Epirubicin may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Citalopram and Citalopram (Compound) resembles Escitalopram (Compound)
Epirubicin (Compound) downregulates RRS1 (Gene) and RRS1 (Gene) is upregulated by Escitalopram (Compound)
Epirubicin (Compound) downregulates OXA1L (Gene) and OXA1L (Gene) is downregulated by Escitalopram (Compound)
Epirubicin (Compound) causes Otitis media (Side Effect) and Otitis media (Side Effect) is caused by Escitalopram (Compound)
Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Bortezomib and Bortezomib may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Escitalopram
Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ivacaftor and Ivacaftor may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Escitalopram
Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Chloramphenicol and Chloramphenicol may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Escitalopram
Epirubicin may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Metronidazole and Metronidazole may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Escitalopram
Epirubicin may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Salbutamol and Salbutamol may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Escitalopram |
DB01067 | DB01208 | 959 | 945 | [
"DDInter826",
"DDInter1705"
] | Glipizide | Sparfloxacin | Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent in the second-generation sulfonylurea drug class that is used to control blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was first introduced in 1984 and is available in various countries including Canada and the U.S. According to the 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines by Diabetes Canada, sulfonylurea drugs are considered a second-line glucose-lowering therapy following metformin. Because sulfonylureas require functional pancreatic beta cells for their therapeutic effectiveness, sulfonylureas are more commonly used for early-stage type 2 diabetes when there is no progressed pancreatic failure. Compared to the first-generation sulfonylureas, such as [tolbutamide] and [chlorpropamide], second-generation sulfonylureas contain a more non-polar side chain in their chemical structure, which enhances their hypoglycemic potency. Compared to other members of the sulfonyl | Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic indicated for bacterial infections. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription. | Major | 2 | [
[
[
959,
25,
945
]
],
[
[
959,
64,
739
],
[
739,
1,
945
]
],
[
[
959,
25,
1539
],
[
1539,
1,
945
]
],
[
[
959,
18,
3833
],
[
3833,
5... | [
[
[
"Glipizide",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Sparfloxacin"
]
],
[
[
"Glipizide",
"{u} may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with {v}",
"Lomefloxacin"
],
[
"Lomefloxacin",
"{... | Glipizide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Lomefloxacin and Lomefloxacin (Compound) resembles Sparfloxacin (Compound)
Glipizide may lead to a major life threatening interaction when taken with Ofloxacin and Ofloxacin (Compound) resembles Sparfloxacin (Compound)
Glipizide (Compound) downregulates JMJD6 (Gene) and JMJD6 (Gene) is downregulated by Sparfloxacin (Compound)
Glipizide (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Sparfloxacin (Compound)
Glipizide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ifosfamide and Ifosfamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sparfloxacin
Glipizide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Cyclophosphamide and Cyclophosphamide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sparfloxacin
Glipizide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Ibuprofen and Ibuprofen may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sparfloxacin
Glipizide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Magnesium oxide and Magnesium oxide may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sparfloxacin
Glipizide may cause a minor interaction that can limit clinical effects when taken with Sodium citrate and Sodium citrate may cause a moderate interaction that could exacerbate diseases when taken with Sparfloxacin |
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