questionID stringlengths 10 10 | question_text stringlengths 5 324 | answer_choices stringlengths 17 473 | correct_answer stringclasses 7
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NDQ_003808 | three letters specify the source region of an air mass; e.g. cpk. these three letters indicate in order: | a. land or sea; approximate latitude; its properties relative to the ground it is moving over, b. approximate latitude; its properties relative to the ground it is moving over; land or sea, c. its properties relative to the ground it is moving over; land or sea; approximate latitude;, d. approximate latitude; land or s... | a |
NDQ_003809 | how does air movement keep earths temperature balanced? | a. cold air masses stay in cold places and warm air masses stay in warm places, b. cold air masses draw warm air toward them and vice versa so both mix, c. cold air masses move toward warm regions and warm air masses toward cold regions, d. none of these | c |
NDQ_003810 | an air mass with the symbol mtk formed over | a. the land in a tropical region and is moving over warmer ground, b. cool ground in a polar region and is moving over the sea, c. cold ground in an arctic region and is moving over land, d. the sea in a tropical region and is moving over cooler ground | d |
NDQ_003871 | all the individuals of a single species that live together in a particular location are a(n) | a. ecosystem, b. habitat, c. community, d. population | d |
NDQ_003873 | the rainforest is an ecosystem, but the digestive system of a tree sloth is also an ecosystem. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003874 | all the populations that live together in a particular location are a(n) | a. ecosystem, b. habitat, c. community, d. system | c |
NDQ_003875 | abiotic factors in an ecosystem include | a. factors such as living space and temperature range, b. decomposers, c. fungi, algae and bacteria, d. all of these | a |
NDQ_003876 | biotic factors in an ecosystem include | a. decomposers, b. fungi, algae and bacteria, c. plants and animals, d. all of these | d |
NDQ_003877 | a habitat is | a. the individuals of a single species that exist together in a time and place, b. where an organism lives, c. the living organisms in a community and the nonliving things they need, d. all of these | b |
NDQ_003878 | important characteristics of a habitat include | a. climate, b. water, c. resources, d. all of these | d |
NDQ_003879 | energy moves through an ecosystem in multiple directions; nutrients move through an ecosystem in one direction. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_003880 | the __________ for a hummingbird is to have a long bill to suck nectar from a flower. | a. niche, b. habitat, c. community, d. ecosystem | a |
NDQ_003881 | blizzards are most common in winter when the jet stream has | a. travelled north, b. travelled south, c. shut off, d. none of the above | b |
NDQ_003882 | blizzards are usually part of a ___________________. | a. hurricane, b. squall line, c. mid-latitude cyclone, d. tornado | c |
NDQ_003883 | blizzards happen when cold northern air contacts warmer semitropical air. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003884 | when a frigid polar air crosses a warm water body, it absorbs moisture. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003885 | buffalo and rochester, new york are the snowiest metropolitan areas in the united states because they are downwind from the | a. atlantic ocean, b. pacific ocean, c. great lakes, d. lake tahoe | c |
NDQ_003886 | when a moisture-filled air mass moves over very cold land it is very unstable and a tremendous amount of snow will fall. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003887 | snow may appear to be moving horizontally in a blizzard due to the high winds. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003888 | blizzards can produce which of the following? | a. cold winds, b. snow storms, c. sleet, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_003889 | very strong winds develop in blizzards because of the | a. high pressure gradient between the storm and the air west of the storm, b. small pressure difference between the storm and the air surrounding the storm, c. strong coriolis effect typical of these storms, d. none of these | a |
NDQ_003890 | a blizzard is different from a snowstorm because it | a. is colder, b. has stronger winds, c. has so much snow that visibility is severely restricted, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_003891 | the study of earths solid material and structures, and the processes that create them. | a. oceanography, b. meteorology, c. geology, d. astronomy | c |
NDQ_003892 | the study of everything in about 70% of earths surface. | a. astronomy, b. meteorology, c. geology, d. oceanography | d |
NDQ_003893 | weather predictions have become much more accurate in recent years due to radar and satellites. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003894 | the study of the effects of people on the environment. | a. meteorology, b. environmental science, c. geology, d. astronomy | b |
NDQ_003895 | included in the science of __________ is how weather affects the ocean; included in the science of __________ is how the ocean affects climate. | a. climatology; meteorology, b. meteorology; meteorology, c. climatology; climatology, d. meteorology; climatology | d |
NDQ_003896 | if you were to study the rocks that are found at the bottom of the ocean basins, you would be studying this. | a. geological oceanography, b. oceanography, c. meteorology, d. geology | a |
NDQ_003898 | what instruments or devices do astronomers use to study space? | a. telescopes, b. spacecraft, c. satellites, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_003899 | earth science is known as a combined science because it applies principles from chemistry, physics and biology to the study of earth. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_003900 | geologists search for natural resources, such as minerals and fuels. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004020 | a ________________ measures air pressure. | a. thermometer, b. barometer, c. radiosonde, d. radar | b |
NDQ_004021 | a weather forecast takes into account | a. air temperature, b. air pressure, c. humidity, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_004022 | in the atmosphere weather data is collected on buoys. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004023 | scientists that collect and study the weather. | a. biologists, b. geologists, c. meteorologists, d. chemists | c |
NDQ_004024 | radar images storms by | a. bouncing radio waves off of the nearest object, b. detecting different colors of visible light, c. collecting temperature and pressure data, d. all of these | a |
NDQ_004025 | a radiosonde | a. measures atmospheric characteristics, b. moves through the air, c. transmits data through a radio to a computer, d. all of these | d |
NDQ_004026 | the advantage of a radiosonde is that it can go places that are too dangerous for an airplane. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004027 | the advantage of satellites in weather monitoring is | a. the ability to monitor large-scale systems, b. the ability to record changes over time, c. the ability to record all wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, d. all of these | d |
NDQ_004028 | our ability to predict weather is no better than it was 200 years ago. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004029 | radar stands for radio detection and ranging. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004130 | a theory | a. has major inconsistencies, b. must be tested and have no significant evidence against it, c. is not reliable, d. has conflicting data | b |
NDQ_004131 | an explanation that always applies under the same circumstances is a | a. law, b. theory, c. factor, d. variable | a |
NDQ_004132 | a law is an explanation of why something happens. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004133 | laws always hold true. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004134 | a theory can be used to predict the future. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004135 | a scientific law always applies under the same conditions. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004136 | after many experiments and evidence that supports a hypothesis, with no evidence to oppose it, the hypothesis becomes a | a. law, b. theory, c. fact, d. variable | b |
NDQ_004137 | a theory can | a. be used to predict the future, b. have flaws, c. be verified beyond a shadow of a doubt, d. none of the above | a |
NDQ_004138 | a scientific law | a. does not necessarily hold under all circumstances, b. holds under all circumstances, c. means that water never flows uphill, d. none of the above | a |
NDQ_004139 | a theory can offer an unreliable explanation. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004360 | ocean currents can affect the temperature of land. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004361 | compared to maritime climate, continental climate has | a. greater differences in daytime and nighttime temperatures, b. smaller differences in summer and winter temperatures, c. no difference in temperatures, d. greater differences in both day-night and summer-winter temperatures | d |
NDQ_004363 | this ocean current affects the climate of northern europe. | a. the gulf stream, b. the humboldt current, c. the canaries current, d. the alaska current | a |
NDQ_004364 | continental climates are affected by the sea. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004365 | upwelling always cools off nearby lands. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004367 | san francisco and virginia beach are both by oceans and are at about the same latitude. why is the climate of sf more moderate than the climate of vb? | a. that latitude has the easterly winds, so sf gets weather off the pacific but vb gets weather off the continent, b. both get most of their weather from the ocean, but the pacific is cooler than the atlantic, c. that latitude has the westerly winds, so sf gets weather off the pacific but vb gets, d. both get most of t... | c |
NDQ_004368 | why is the ocean off of san francisco cooler than the ocean off of virginia beach? | a. the california current and upwelling cool down the california coast, b. the gulf stream warms up the eastern seaboard, c. the pacific ocean is much cooler than the atlantic ocean, d. a & b | d |
NDQ_004369 | why is it warmer in the summer and colder in the winter in kansas city than in san francisco? | a. kansas city has a continental climate, b. san francisco has a continental climate, c. kansas city is at a higher latitude than san francisco, d. kansas city is at a lower latitude than san francisco | a |
NDQ_004390 | without jet contrails to block sunlight, air temperature across the united states would be lower. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004391 | visibility in the united states has been reduced as much as 30% from pre- industrial times. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004392 | particulates in the air may reduce photosynthesis. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004393 | the effect of ozone on plants can be any of the following except | a. no effect at all, b. dissolved leaves, c. spotted leaves, d. reduced productivity | b |
NDQ_004394 | when nitrous oxide levels increase in the atmosphere, this plant may do well | a. pine trees, b. sunflowers, c. moss, d. lichen | d |
NDQ_004395 | increased particulates in the air may | a. increase precipitation, b. decrease precipitation, c. create a whitish grey pollutant haze, d. create a blue pollutant haze | a |
NDQ_004396 | if you see orange colored smog with an unpleasant odor you know that there is __________ pollution. | a. so2, b. o3, c. no2, d. h2o | c |
NDQ_004397 | lichen can indicate changes in the atmosphere because they take a lot of their nutrients from the air. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004398 | ozone can change an ecosystem by | a. killing off trees so that nothing can grow in the area, b. damaging trees that, c. causing a die off of one species that is then replaced by another, d. none of these | c |
NDQ_004399 | the increase in particulates in the atmosphere may | a. increase the amount of global warming that is taking place, b. mask the amount of global warming that is taking place, c. reduce the amount of precipitation, d. all of these | b |
NDQ_004470 | what are the essential theories of earth science? | a. evolution, b. plate tectonics, c. climate change, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_004471 | which earth science theory explains the geological activity? | a. evolution, b. plate tectonics, c. climate change, d. continental drift | b |
NDQ_004472 | global warming is studied under this theory. | a. evolution, b. plate tectonics, c. climate change, d. continental drift | c |
NDQ_004473 | the mechanism for evolution where traits are favored causing change in species. | a. evolution, b. natural selection, c. tectonics, d. climate change | b |
NDQ_004474 | natural selection favored the dark peppered moth when the industrial revolution made the environment grayer. what theory explains this phenomenon? | a. evolution, b. plate tectonics, c. climate change, d. continental drift | a |
NDQ_004475 | theories have very little information that contradicts them. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004476 | theories can never be tested because they are solid. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004477 | theories can predict the future. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004478 | before plate tectonics, people thought that animals and plants found on different continents spread by ___________. | a. boats, b. land bridges, c. swimming across oceans, d. flying | b |
NDQ_004479 | a change through time where the genetic make up of populations of organisms result in new species. | a. evolution, b. natural selection, c. tectonics, d. climate change | a |
NDQ_004510 | most scientists think that an asteroid impact caused the extinction of | a. marine organisms at the end of the paleozoic, b. wooly mammoths and other organisms at the end of the pleistocene, c. dinosaurs and other organisms at the end of the mesozoic, d. all of earths life at the end of the precambrian | c |
NDQ_004512 | during a mass extinction, | a. a few species go extinct each century, b. a large number of species go extinct in a short amount of time, c. at least 95% of species on earth go extinct, d. about 10% of all species go extinct | b |
NDQ_004513 | most of the species that have lived on earth have gone extinct. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004514 | after a mass extinction many habitats are unfilled for a period of time. | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004515 | which of these is believed to be the closest living native of dinosaurs? | a. birds, b. turtles, c. lizards, d. snakes | a |
NDQ_004516 | which of the following is true about the rate of species extinction? | a. species go extinct at a very slow but steady rate, b. species only go extinct during periods when many go extinct at once, c. species may go extinct at a slow rate and sometimes all at once, d. no species ever goes extinct | c |
NDQ_004517 | many new species evolve to fill available niches during a(n) | a. mass extinction, b. adaptive radiation, c. small-scale extinction, d. evolutionary speedup | b |
NDQ_004518 | if the environment changes, a species will | a. evolve to the new environment, b. go extinct, c. move to a more favorable environment, d. any of the above | d |
NDQ_004519 | after the dinosaurs went extinct, what happened to mammals? | a. different species evolved into niches previously filled by reptiles, b. they underwent adaptive radiation, c. they became the dominant life form, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_004550 | an energy pathway that includes all organisms that are linked as they pass along food energy. | a. food web, b. food pyramid, c. food chain, d. trophic web | c |
NDQ_004552 | the energy that powers all ecosystems on earth comes from the sun. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004553 | food energy gets created by producers and is passed to | a. consumers, b. scavengers, c. decomposers, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_004554 | organisms burn food energy for | a. locomotion, b. heat, c. growth, d. all of the above | d |
NDQ_004555 | organisms always get larger up the trophic levels because only a large fish can eat a small fish. | a. true, b. false | b |
NDQ_004556 | why does a food pyramid only have four or five trophic levels before it ends? | a. there isnt enough energy to pass along to another trophic level, b. an organism at the next trophic level would have to be too huge to live, c. the world would be too hot from all the excess heat, d. all of the above | a |
NDQ_004557 | why is a food pyramid more accurate than a food chain? | a. food chains do not include all trophic levels, b. many organisms eat at multiple trophic levels, c. energy is not lost from a food chain, but is from a food web, d. all of the above | b |
NDQ_004558 | there are two global food webs: one has phytoplankton at the base and the other has land plants. (there is also a small food web with chemosynthetic bacteria at the base). | a. true, b. false | a |
NDQ_004559 | humans are not part of food chains and food webs because we get most of our food from the grocery store. | c. true, d. false | b |
NDQ_004691 | the global winds blow in the direction of | a. the top of the atmospheric circulation cells, b. the rotation of the earth, c. the base of the atmospheric circulation cells, d. none of these | c |
NDQ_004692 | sinking air | a. has lower pressure, b. causes evaporation, c. has lower temperature, d. all of these | b |
NDQ_004693 | winds are named for the direction they are going. | a. true, b. false | b |
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