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wikidoc
Evidence of common descent
Evidence of common descent The wide range of evidence of common descent of living things strongly indicates the occurrence of evolution and provides a wealth of information on the natural processes by which the variety of life on Earth developed, supporting the modern evolutionary synthesis. Fossils are important for e...
Evidence of common descent Template:Evolution3 The wide range of evidence of common descent of living things strongly indicates the occurrence of evolution and provides a wealth of information on the natural processes by which the variety of life on Earth developed, supporting the modern evolutionary synthesis. Fossil...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Evidence_of_common_descent
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External beam radiotherapy
External beam radiotherapy # Overview External beam radiotherapy otherwise known as teletherapy, is the most frequently used form of radiotherapy. The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. Kilovoltage (also known as Superficial or Deep) x-rays ...
External beam radiotherapy # Overview External beam radiotherapy otherwise known as teletherapy, is the most frequently used form of radiotherapy. The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. Kilovoltage (also known as Superficial or Deep) x-rays ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/External_beam_radiation_therapy
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wikidoc
Fatty acid amide hydrolase
Fatty acid amide hydrolase Fatty acid amide hydrolase or FAAH (EC 3.5.1.99, oleamide hydrolase, anandamide amidohydrolase) is a member of the serine hydrolase family of enzymes. It was first shown to break down anandamide in 1993. In humans, it is encoded by the gene FAAH. # Function FAAH is an integral membrane hydro...
Fatty acid amide hydrolase Fatty acid amide hydrolase or FAAH (EC 3.5.1.99, oleamide hydrolase, anandamide amidohydrolase) is a member of the serine hydrolase family of enzymes. It was first shown to break down anandamide in 1993.[1] In humans, it is encoded by the gene FAAH.[2][3][4] # Function FAAH is an integral m...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/FAAH
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wikidoc
Factor gene transcriptions
Factor gene transcriptions A transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences to control the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other proteins in a complex, by promoting (as an activator), or bl...
Factor gene transcriptions Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff Template:TOCright A transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences to control the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA).[1][2] Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other prot...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Factor_gene_transcriptions
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wikidoc
Failure to thrive
Failure to thrive overview # Overview Various definition such as weight for age less than the 5th percentile for age, weight for height less than the 5th percentile for age or a drop in more than two percentiles on the growth chart may be used. The initial approach involves a thorough history and physical examination....
Failure to thrive overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akash Daswaney, M.B.B.S[2] # Overview Various definition such as weight for age less than the 5th percentile for age, weight for height less than the 5th percentile for age or a drop in more than two percenti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Failure_to_thrive_overview
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wikidoc
Familial renal amyloidosis
Familial renal amyloidosis Synonyms and keywords: Familial visceral amyloidosis; hereditary amyloid nephropathy; Ostertag type # Overview Familial renal amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis primarily presenting in the kidney. # Historical Perspective It is also known as "Ostertag" type, after B. Ostertag, who charact...
Familial renal amyloidosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Familial visceral amyloidosis; hereditary amyloid nephropathy; Ostertag type # Overview Familial renal amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis primarily presenting in the kidney.[1] # Historical Perspective It is also k...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Familial_renal_amyloidosis
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wikidoc
Feature integration theory
Feature integration theory The feature integration theory, developed by Treisman and Gelade since the early 1980s has been one of the most influential psychological models of human visual attention. According to Treisman, in a first step to visual processing, several primary visual features are processed and represente...
Feature integration theory The feature integration theory, developed by Treisman and Gelade since the early 1980s has been one of the most influential psychological models of human visual attention. According to Treisman, in a first step to visual processing, several primary visual features are processed and represent...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Feature_integration_theory
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wikidoc
Ferric subsulfate solution
Ferric subsulfate solution Ferric subsulfate solution is a styptic or haemostatic agent used after superficial skin biopsies. Ferric subsulfate solution is also known as Basic Ferric Sulfate Solution or Monsel's Solution. It has a recognised formula published in United States Pharmacopeia 29. # Active ingredients Ferr...
Ferric subsulfate solution Ferric subsulfate solution is a styptic or haemostatic agent used after superficial skin biopsies. Ferric subsulfate solution is also known as Basic Ferric Sulfate Solution or Monsel's Solution. It has a recognised formula published in United States Pharmacopeia 29. # Active ingredients Fer...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ferric_subsulfate_solution
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wikidoc
Fexofenadine hydrochloride
Fexofenadine hydrochloride # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Fexofenadine hydrochloride Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fexofenadine
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wikidoc
Fimbria of the hippocampus
Fimbria of the hippocampus # Overview With regard to the brain, the fimbria is a prominent band of white matter along the medial edge of the hippocampus. # Structure The fimbria is an accumulation of myelinated axons (mostly efferent) that first collect on the ventricular surface of the hippocampus as the alveus (a ...
Fimbria of the hippocampus Template:Infobox Brain Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview With regard to the brain, the fimbria is a prominent band of white matter along the medial edge of the hippocampus. # Structure The fimbria is an accumulation of myelinated axons (mostly efferent) that fi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fimbria_hippocampi
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wikidoc
Flexor retinaculum of foot
Flexor retinaculum of foot # Overview The laciniate ligament (internal annular ligament, flexor retinaculum of foot) is a strong fibrous band, extending from the tibial malleolus above to the margin of the calcaneus below, converting a series of bony grooves in this situation into canals for the passage of the tendons...
Flexor retinaculum of foot Template:Infobox Ligament Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The laciniate ligament (internal annular ligament, flexor retinaculum of foot) is a strong fibrous band, extending from the tibial malleolus above to the margin of the calcaneus below, converting a serie...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Flexor_retinaculum_of_foot
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wikidoc
Flunitrazepam side effects
Flunitrazepam side effects # Overview flunitrazepam/Rohypnol is a prescription drug - the only sedative that has been used in many date rapes in the US. Rohypnol's medical use is a preoperation anesthetic or strong sleeping pill, but stronger doses can bring on amnesia. It takes effect very quickly - sometimes as quic...
Flunitrazepam side effects Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor-in-chief: Soumya Sachdeva # Overview flunitrazepam/Rohypnol is a prescription drug - the only sedative that has been used in many date rapes in the US. Rohypnol's medical use is a preoperation anesthetic or strong sleepin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Flunitrazepam_side_effects
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wikidoc
Fluphenazine Hydrochloride
Fluphenazine Hydrochloride # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Fluphenazine Hydrochloride Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fluphenazine_Hydrochloride
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wikidoc
Folate deficiency
Folate deficiency overview # Overview Folate deficiency is the deficiency of folic acid, which is a necessary compound for the normal production of red blood cells. Folic acid is part of the vitamin B complex, also called vitamin B9 or pteroylglutamic acid. The recommended daily amount of folate for adults is 400 micr...
Folate deficiency overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Folate deficiency is the deficiency of folic acid, which is a necessary compound for the normal production of red blood cells. Folic acid is part of the vitamin B complex, also called vitamin B9 or pteroylglutamic acid. The recom...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Folate_deficiency_overview
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wikidoc
Fosamprenavir microbiology
Fosamprenavir microbiology # Microbiology Fosamprenavir is a prodrug that is rapidly hydrolyzed to amprenavir by cellular phosphatases in the gut epithelium as it is absorbed. Amprenavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. Amprenavir binds to the active site of HIV-1 protease and thereby prevents the processing of vira...
Fosamprenavir microbiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [2] # Microbiology Fosamprenavir is a prodrug that is rapidly hydrolyzed to amprenavir by cellular phosphatases in the gut epithelium as it is absorbed. Amprenavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 p...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fosamprenavir_microbiology
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wikidoc
Foscarnet clinical studies
Foscarnet clinical studies # Clinical Studies ## CMV retinitis A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (FOS-03) was conducted in 24 patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis comparing treatment with FOSCAVIR to no treatment. Patients received induction treatment of FOSCAVIR, 60 mg/kg every 8 hours for 3 weeks...
Foscarnet clinical studies Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Clinical Studies ## CMV retinitis A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (FOS-03) was conducted in 24 patients with AIDS and CMV retinitis comparing treatment with FOSCAVIR to no treatment. Patients received induction treat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Foscarnet_clinical_studies
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wikidoc
Fournier gangrene
Fournier gangrene overview Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S; Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. # Overview Fournier gangrene is a type of synergistic polymicrobial necrotizing infection (gangrene) of the perineal, genital or perianal regions usually affecting the m...
Fournier gangrene overview Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[1]; Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2] # Overview Fournier gangrene is a type of synergistic polymicrobial necrotizing infection (gangrene) of the perineal, genital or perianal regions usually affectin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fournier_gangrene_overview
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wikidoc
Free fatty acid receptor 1
Free fatty acid receptor 1 Free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1), also known as GPR40, is a class A G-protein coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the FFAR1 gene. It is strongly expressed in the cells of the pancreas and to a lesser extent in the brain. This membrane protein binds free fatty acids, acting as a nut...
Free fatty acid receptor 1 Free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1), also known as GPR40, is a class A G-protein coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the FFAR1 gene.[1] It is strongly expressed in the cells of the pancreas and to a lesser extent in the brain.[2] This membrane protein binds free fatty acids, acting a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Free_fatty_acid_receptor_1
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wikidoc
Free fatty acid receptor 2
Free fatty acid receptor 2 Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the FFAR2 gene. # Expression FFAR2 mRNA is expressed in adipose tissue, pancreas, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. FFAR2 transcription is regulated by the XBP1 transcription...
Free fatty acid receptor 2 Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the FFAR2 gene.[1] # Expression FFAR2 mRNA is expressed in adipose tissue, pancreas, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.[2][3] FFAR2 transcription is regulated by the XBP1 tra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Free_fatty_acid_receptor_2
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wikidoc
Free fatty acid receptor 3
Free fatty acid receptor 3 Free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFA3) is a G-protein coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the FFAR3 gene. # Animal studies Knockout mouse studies have implicated FFAR3 in diabetes, coilitis, hypertension and asthma. However, discrepancies between the pathways activated by FFAR3 agonists...
Free fatty acid receptor 3 Free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFA3) is a G-protein coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the FFAR3 gene.[1][2] # Animal studies Knockout mouse studies have implicated FFAR3 in diabetes,[3] coilitis,[4] hypertension[5] and asthma.[6] However, discrepancies between the pathways activate...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Free_fatty_acid_receptor_3
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wikidoc
Fungal meningitis
Fungal meningitis overview # Overview Fungal meningitis results from the infection of the meninges by fungi, most commonly cryptococcus. While cryptococcal meningitis occurs worldwide, other fungal meningitis are endemic to specific regions of the world. Fungal meningitis usually affects immunocompromised patients lik...
Fungal meningitis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby; Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [2] # Overview Fungal meningitis results from the infection of the meninges by fungi, most commonly cryptococcus. While cryptococcal meningitis occurs worldwide, other...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fungal_meningitis_overview
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wikidoc
GC box gene transcriptions
GC box gene transcriptions A GC box is also known as a GSG box. "One response element that was highly enriched in these antioxidant gene promoters was the GC box (5′-(G/T)GGGCGG(G/A)(G/A)(C/T)-3′, the binding site for the transcription factor Sp1 (specificity protein 1) (Ryu et al., 2003a, Ryu et al., 2003b)." # Boxes...
GC box gene transcriptions Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff A GC box is also known as a GSG box.[1] "One response element that was highly enriched in these antioxidant gene promoters was the GC box (5′-(G/T)GGGCGG(G/A)(G/A)(C/T)-3′, the binding site for the transcription factor Sp1 (specificity protein 1) (Ryu et al., 2...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/GC_box_gene_transcriptions
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wikidoc
Glomerular filtration rate
Glomerular filtration rate # Overview Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. Clinically, this is often measured to determine renal function. Compare to filtration fraction. # Measurement There are severa...
Glomerular filtration rate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Template:Otheruses4 # Overview Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time.[1] Clinically, this is often measured to determine rena...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/GFR
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wikidoc
Galaxy radiation astronomy
Galaxy radiation astronomy The radiation astronomy of galaxies generally is about the galaxy as a radiated or radiation emitting astronomical object. The stellar aspects of individual galaxies are in galaxies of stars. A galaxy is often perceived as a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstella...
Galaxy radiation astronomy Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff The radiation astronomy of galaxies generally is about the galaxy as a radiated or radiation emitting astronomical object. The stellar aspects of individual galaxies are in galaxies of stars. A galaxy is often perceived as a gravitationally bound system of star...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Galaxy_radiation_astronomy
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wikidoc
Gallbladder polyp
Gallbladder polyp overview # Overview Gallbladder polyps are a common clinical findings occurring in 5% of patients who often have cross-sectional imaging for non-specific abdominal symptoms. # Historical Perspective # Classification # Pathophysiology In patients with gallbladder polyps, it is important to note wha...
Gallbladder polyp overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Gallbladder polyps are a common clinical findings occurring in 5% of patients who often have cross-sectional imaging for non-specific abdominal symptoms. # Historical Perspective # Classification # Pathophysiology In patients ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gallbladder_polyp_overview
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wikidoc
Gallstone disease
Gallstone disease overview # Overview Gallstone disease is the presence of gallstones (cholelithiasis) within the gallbladder —chole- means "bile", lithia means "stone", and -sis means "process". Gallstones are crystalline bodies formed within the body by concretion of normal or abnormal bile components. Gallstones ca...
Gallstone disease overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2] # Overview Gallstone disease is the presence of gallstones (cholelithiasis) within the gallbladder —chole- means "bile", lithia means "stone", and -sis means "process". Gallstones are c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gallstone_disease_overview
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wikidoc
Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase
Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GGCX gene, located on chromosome 2 at 2p12. # Function Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of vitamin K-dependent proteins. Many of these vitamin K-dependent protein...
Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GGCX gene, located on chromosome 2 at 2p12.[1] # Function Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of vitamin K-dependent proteins. Many of these vitamin K-dependent pro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gamma-glutamyl_carboxylase
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wikidoc
Gastrointestinal pathology
Gastrointestinal pathology Gastrointestinal pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract and accessory organs, such as the pancreas and liver. # Sub-specialty recognition and Board Certification ...
Gastrointestinal pathology Gastrointestinal pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract and accessory organs, such as the pancreas and liver. # Sub-specialty recognition and Board Certification...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gastrointestinal_pathology
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wikidoc
Gene transcription factors
Gene transcription factors A transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences to control the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other proteins in a complex, by promoting (as an activator), or bl...
Gene transcription factors Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff A transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences to control the flow (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA).[1][2] Transcription factors perform this function alone or with other proteins in a complex,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gene_transcription_factors
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wikidoc
General regulatory factors
General regulatory factors "General regulatory factors (GRFs), such as Reb1, Abf1, Rap1, Mcm1, and Cbf1, positionally organize yeast chromatin through interactions with a core consensus DNA sequence." "Ribosome biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves a regulon of >200 genes (Ribi genes) coordinately regulated i...
General regulatory factors "General regulatory factors (GRFs), such as Reb1, Abf1, Rap1, Mcm1, and Cbf1, positionally organize yeast chromatin through interactions with a core consensus DNA sequence."[1] "Ribosome biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves a regulon of >200 genes (Ribi genes) coordinately regulat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/General_regulatory_factors
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wikidoc
Germinal matrix hemorrhage
Germinal matrix hemorrhage # Overview Germinal matrix hemorrhage is a bleeding into the subependymal germinal matrix with or without subsequent rupture into the lateral ventricle. The microcirculation in this particular area is extremely sensitive to hypoxia and changes in perfusion pressure. It is most frequent befor...
Germinal matrix hemorrhage Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Germinal matrix hemorrhage is a bleeding into the subependymal germinal matrix with or without subsequent rupture into the lateral ventricle. The microcirculation in this particular area is extremely sensitive to hypoxia and chan...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Germinal_matrix_hemorrhage
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wikidoc
Geroderma osteodysplastica
Geroderma osteodysplastica # Overview Gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO), also called geroderma osteodysplasticum and Walt Disney dwarfism, is a rare autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder included in the spectrum of cutis laxa syndromes. Usage of the name "Walt Disney dwarfism" is attributed to the first known ...
Geroderma osteodysplastica Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO), also called geroderma osteodysplasticum and Walt Disney dwarfism,[1] is a rare autosomal recessive[2] connective tissue disorder includ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Geroderma_osteodysplastica
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Glecaprevir / pibrentasvir
Glecaprevir / pibrentasvir # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Glecaprevir / pibrentasvir Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glecaprevir_/_pibrentasvir
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wikidoc
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia Synonyms and keywords: Cranial mononeuropathy IX # Overview Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a condition marked by repeated episodes of severe pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsils, which can last from a few seconds to a few minutes. # Epidemiology and Demographics Symptoms usually begi...
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Cranial mononeuropathy IX # Overview Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a condition marked by repeated episodes of severe pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsils, which can last from a few seconds to a few minutes. #...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glossopharyngeal_neuralgia
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wikidoc
Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase
Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) is an enzyme encoded by the GCDH gene on chromosome 19. The protein belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family (ACD). It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and carbon dioxide in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hyd...
Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) is an enzyme encoded by the GCDH gene on chromosome 19. The protein belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family (ACD). It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and carbon dioxide in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hy...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glutaryl-CoA_dehydrogenase
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wikidoc
Glycerol phosphate shuttle
Glycerol phosphate shuttle The glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is a mechanism that regenerates NAD+ from NADH, a by-product of glycolysis. Its importance in transporting reducing equivalents is secondary to the malate-aspartate shuttle. # Reaction In this shuttle, the enzyme called cytoplasmic glycerol-3-phosphate dehyd...
Glycerol phosphate shuttle The glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is a mechanism that regenerates NAD+ from NADH, a by-product of glycolysis. Its importance in transporting reducing equivalents is secondary to the malate-aspartate shuttle. # Reaction In this shuttle, the enzyme called cytoplasmic glycerol-3-phosphate dehy...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glycerol-phosphate_shuttle
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wikidoc
Glycerol kinase deficiency
Glycerol kinase deficiency Glycerol Kinase Deficiency (GKD) is an X-linked recessive enzyme defect that is heterozygous in nature. Three clinically distinct forms of this deficiency have been proposed, namely infantile, juvenile, and adult. National Institutes of Health and its Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR) b...
Glycerol kinase deficiency Glycerol Kinase Deficiency (GKD) is an X-linked recessive enzyme defect that is heterozygous in nature. Three clinically distinct forms of this deficiency have been proposed, namely infantile, juvenile, and adult. National Institutes of Health and its Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR) ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glycerol_kinase_deficiency
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wikidoc
Glycopyrrolate (injection)
Glycopyrrolate (injection) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Glycopyrrolate (injection) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Glycoparrolate_(injection)
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Thoracic splanchnic nerves
Thoracic splanchnic nerves Thoracic splanchnic nerves arise from the sympathetic trunk in the thorax and travel inferiorly to provide sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The nerves contain preganglionic sympathetic and visceral afferent fibers. There are three main thoracic splanchnic nerves: The nerve's origins c...
Thoracic splanchnic nerves Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Thoracic splanchnic nerves arise from the sympathetic trunk in the thorax and travel inferiorly to provide sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The nerves contain preganglionic sympathetic and visceral afferent fib...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Greater_splanchnic_nerve
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Human T-lymphotropic virus
Human T-lymphotropic virus # Overview Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a human, single-stranded RNA retrovirus that causes T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma in adults and may also be involved in certain demyelinating diseases, including tropical spastic paraparesis. Adult T-lymphotropic virus (ATLV) is a strain ...
Human T-lymphotropic virus # Overview Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a human, single-stranded RNA retrovirus that causes T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma in adults and may also be involved in certain demyelinating diseases, including tropical spastic paraparesis. Adult T-lymphotropic virus (ATLV) is a strain ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HTLV
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wikidoc
HY box gene transcriptions
HY box gene transcriptions "Deletion, mutagenesis, and tandem repeat analyses identified the core responsive element as the region between −89 and −60 bp (termed the hypertrophy box ), which showed specific binding to RUNX‐2." The "HY box is the core element responsive to RUNX‐2 in human COL10A1 promoter." # Boxes A r...
HY box gene transcriptions Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff "Deletion, mutagenesis, and tandem repeat analyses identified the core responsive element as the region between −89 and −60 bp (termed the hypertrophy box [HY box]), which showed specific binding to RUNX‐2."[1] The "HY box is the core element responsive to RUNX...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HY_box_gene_transcriptions
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wikidoc
Hadron radiation astronomy
Hadron radiation astronomy Hadrons are subatomic particles of a type including baryons and mesons that can take part in the strong interaction and may be useful in radiation astronomy. At right a person works lower center left in front of the huge ATLAS detector, one of six detectors attached to the Large Hadron Collid...
Hadron radiation astronomy Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff Hadrons are subatomic particles of a type including baryons and mesons that can take part in the strong interaction and may be useful in radiation astronomy. At right a person works lower center left in front of the huge ATLAS detector, one of six detectors att...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hadron_radiation_astronomy
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wikidoc
Harris Surname DNA Project
Harris Surname DNA Project The Harris Surname DNA Project is one of the larger DNA surname projects with over 250 participants. It was created as a cooperative organization to develop a collection of Harris family groups who descend from various male Harris ancestors in order to use genealogical DNA testing to compare...
Harris Surname DNA Project The Harris Surname DNA Project is one of the larger DNA surname projects with over 250 participants. It was created as a cooperative organization to develop a collection of Harris family groups who descend from various male Harris ancestors in order to use genealogical DNA testing to compar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Harris_Surname_DNA_Project
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wikidoc
Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Hashimoto's encephalopathy Synonyms and keywords: steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, SREAT # Overview Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is a very rare condition associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is a neuroendocrine disorder. Much like the antibodies in...
Hashimoto's encephalopathy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] Synonyms and keywords: steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, SREAT # Overview Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is a very rare condition asso...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hashimoto%27s_encephalitis
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wikidoc
Hedgehog signaling pathway
Hedgehog signaling pathway The hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development conserved from flies to humans. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosoph...
Hedgehog signaling pathway The hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development conserved from flies to humans. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosop...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hedgehog_(cell_signaling)
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wikidoc
Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome
Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome # Overview Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome or Hb Lepore syndrome (Hb Lepore) is typically an asymptomatic hemoglobinopathy, which is caused by an autosomal recessive genetic mutation. The Hb Lepore variant, consisting of two normal alpha globin chains (HBA) and two deltabeta globin fusion chains ...
Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome or Hb Lepore syndrome (Hb Lepore) is typically an asymptomatic hemoglobinopathy, which is caused by an autosomal recessive genetic mutation. The Hb Lepore variant, consisting of two normal alpha globin ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hemoglobin_Lepore_syndrome
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wikidoc
Hepatocyte nuclear factors
Hepatocyte nuclear factors Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) are a group of phylogenetically unrelated transcription factors that regulate the transcription of a diverse group of genes into proteins. These proteins include blood clotting factors and in addition, enzymes and transporters involved with glucose, choleste...
Hepatocyte nuclear factors Hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) are a group of phylogenetically unrelated transcription factors that regulate the transcription of a diverse group of genes into proteins. These proteins include blood clotting factors and in addition, enzymes and transporters involved with glucose, cholest...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hepatocyte_nuclear_factors
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wikidoc
Herpesvirus entry mediator
Herpesvirus entry mediator Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14), is a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily. # Nomenclature This protein was originally known as herpesvirus entry mediator A (HveA); HveB and HveC are struc...
Herpesvirus entry mediator Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14), is a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily.[1][2][3][4] # Nomenclature This protein was originally known as herpesvirus entry mediator A (HveA); HveB and H...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Herpesvirus_entry_mediator
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Herpetic gingivostomatitis
Herpetic gingivostomatitis Synonyms and keywords: Gingivostomatitis, oral herpes. # Overview Gingivostomatitis (also known as primary herpetic gingivostomatitis or orolabial herpes) is a combination of gingivitis and stomatitis, or an inflammation of the oral mucosa and gingiva. Herpetic gingivostomatitis is often the...
Herpetic gingivostomatitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2]. Synonyms and keywords: Gingivostomatitis, oral herpes. # Overview Gingivostomatitis (also known as primary herpetic gingivostomatitis or orolabial herpes) is a combination o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Herpetic_gingivostomatitis
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wikidoc
High frequency ventilation
High frequency ventilation # Overview High frequency ventilation is a type of mechanical ventilation that employs very high respiratory rates (>150 breaths per minute) and very small tidal volumes (usually below anatomical dead space). The primary goal of HFV is to achieve ventilation and oxygenation at a reduced risk...
High frequency ventilation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview High frequency ventilation is a type of mechanical ventilation that employs very high respiratory rates (>150 breaths per minute) and very small tidal volumes (usually below anatomical dead space). The primary goal of HFV is to a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/High_Frequency_Ventilation
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History of human sexuality
History of human sexuality - REDIRECT Template:Nofootnotes The social construction of sexual behavior—its taboos, regulation and social and political impact—has had a profound effect on the various cultures of the world since prehistoric times. # Sources Sexual speech - and by extension, writing - has been subject to ...
History of human sexuality - REDIRECT Template:Nofootnotes The social construction of sexual behavior—its taboos, regulation and social and political impact—has had a profound effect on the various cultures of the world since prehistoric times. Template:TOCright # Sources Sexual speech - and by extension, writing - h...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/History_of_human_sexuality
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wikidoc
Holocarboxylase synthetase
Holocarboxylase synthetase HLCS (holocarboxylase synthetase (biotin-(propionyl-Coenzyme A-carboxylase (ATP-hydrolysing)) ligase)) is a human gene that provides instructions for making an enzyme called holocarboxylase synthetase (EC 6.3.4.10). This enzyme is important for the effective use of biotin, a B vitamin found i...
Holocarboxylase synthetase HLCS (holocarboxylase synthetase (biotin-(propionyl-Coenzyme A-carboxylase (ATP-hydrolysing)) ligase)) is a human gene that provides instructions for making an enzyme called holocarboxylase synthetase (EC 6.3.4.10). This enzyme is important for the effective use of biotin, a B vitamin found ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Holocarboxylase_synthetase
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wikidoc
Homologous desensitization
Homologous desensitization Desensitisation of receptors is a process wherby after prolonged agonist exposure, the receptor is uncoupled from its signalling cascade, and thus the biological effect of receptor activation is attenuated. High ligand concentrations are required to produce homologous desensitisation. Homolog...
Homologous desensitization Desensitisation of receptors is a process wherby after prolonged agonist exposure, the receptor is uncoupled from its signalling cascade, and thus the biological effect of receptor activation is attenuated. High ligand concentrations are required to produce homologous desensitisation. Homolo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Homologous_desensitization
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wikidoc
Horner's syndrome
Horner's syndrome overview # Overview Horner's syndrome is a clinical syndrome caused by damage to the sympathetic nervous system. # Historical Perspective It is named after Johann Friedrich Horner, the Swiss ophthalmologist who first described the syndrome in 1869. Several others had previously described cases, but ...
Horner's syndrome overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Horner's syndrome is a clinical syndrome caused by damage to the sympathetic nervous system. # Historical Perspective It is named after Johann Friedrich Horner, the Swiss ophthalmologist who first described the syndrome in 1869....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Horner%27s_syndrome_overview
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wikidoc
How to create an algorithm
How to create an algorithm # Overview An algorithm is a schematic drawing that helps organizing step by step approaches in a visually simplified way. An algorithm is formed by a set of boxes and lines that join them. - Algorithms(Youtube) # Create an Algorithm ## Introduction - To begin an algorithm, you should star...
How to create an algorithm Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview An algorithm is a schematic drawing that helps organizing step by step approaches in a visually simplified way. An algorithm is formed by a set of boxes and lines that join them. - Algorithms(Youtube) # Create an Algorithm ## I...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/How_to_create_an_algorithm
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Hybrid open access journal
Hybrid open access journal # Overview A newly popular variation on open access journals is the Hybrid Open Access Journal. This refers to a journal where only some of the articles are open access. This status typically requires the payment of a publication fee (also called a processing fee) to the publisher. # Termin...
Hybrid open access journal # Overview A newly popular variation on open access journals is the Hybrid Open Access Journal. This refers to a journal where only some of the articles are open access. This status typically requires the payment of a publication fee (also called a processing fee) to the publisher. # Termin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hybrid_open_access
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wikidoc
Hydrocortisone (Injection)
Hydrocortisone (Injection) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Hydrocortisone (Injection) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adeel Jamil, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydrocortisone_(Injection)
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Hydrogen peroxide (Eskata)
Hydrogen peroxide (Eskata) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational conte...
Hydrogen peroxide (Eskata) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sonya Gelfand # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydrogen_peroxide_(Eskata)
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Hydroxychloroquine sulfate
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate # Overview Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug, sold under the trade names Plaquenil, Axemal (in India), Dolquine and Quensyl, also used to reduce inflammation in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (see disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) and lupus. Hydroxychloroquine differs fr...
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Overview Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug, sold under the trade names Plaquenil, Axemal (in India), Dolquine and Quensyl, also used to reduce inflammation in the treat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydroxychloroquine_sulfate
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wikidoc
Hypoaldosteronism
Hypoaldosteronism overview # Overview Hypoaldosteronism is defined as decreased levels of the hormone aldosterone or a resistance of the target tissue to the actions of aldosterone. There are several causes for decreased levels of aldosterone, including kidney disorders, adrenal insufficiency, congenital adrenal hype...
Hypoaldosteronism overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Hypoaldosteronism is defined as decreased levels of the hormone aldosterone or a resistance of the target tissue to the actions of aldosterone. There are several causes fo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypoaldosteronism_overview
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wikidoc
Hypolipoproteinemia causes
Hypolipoproteinemia causes # Overview Hypolipoproteinemia is due to genetic abnormalities or other diseases such as malnutrition and malabsorption, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, renal diseases or caused by drug side effects/toxicities. # Causes ## Life Threatening Causes Life-threatening causes include c...
Hypolipoproteinemia causes Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2] # Overview Hypolipoproteinemia is due to genetic abnormalities or other diseases such as malnutrition and malabsorption, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, renal disea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypolipoproteinemia_causes
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wikidoc
Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome
Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome # Overview Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a condition of the hand in which the blood flow to the fingers is reduced. # Symptoms - Pain - Pins and needles and loss of sensation in the affected hand - The fingers become sensitive to cold and they change color.
Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a condition of the hand in which the blood flow to the fingers is reduced. # Symptoms - Pain - Pins and needles and loss of sensation in the affected hand - The fingers become sensitive to cold and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypothenar_Hammer_Syndrome
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wikidoc
Insulin-like growth factor
Insulin-like growth factor # Overview The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are polypeptides with high sequence similarity to insulin. IGFs are part of a complex system that cells use to communicate with their physiologic environment. This complex system (often referred to as the IGF "axis") consists of two cell-sur...
Insulin-like growth factor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753 # Overview The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are polypeptides with high sequence similarity to insulin. IGFs are part of a complex system that cells use to communicate with their physiologic environment. This comple...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IGF
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wikidoc
IMITREX tablet description
IMITREX tablet description # Description IMITREX Tablets contain sumatriptan succinate, a selective 5‑HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Sumatriptan succinate is chemically designated as 3--N-methyl-indole-5-methanesulfonamide succinate (1:1), and it has the following structure: The empirical formula is C14H21N3O2SC4H6O4, repr...
IMITREX tablet description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2] # Description IMITREX Tablets contain sumatriptan succinate, a selective 5‑HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Sumatriptan succinate is chemically designated as 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N-methyl-i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IMITREX_tablet_description
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wikidoc
Intravenous immunoglobulin
Intravenous immunoglobulin # Overview Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a blood product administered intravenously. It contains the pooled IgG immunoglobulins (antibodies extracted from the plasma of over a thousand blood donors). IVIG's effects last between 2 weeks and 3 months. It is mainly used as treatment in t...
Intravenous immunoglobulin Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] # Overview Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a blood product administered intravenously. It contains the pooled IgG immunoglobulins (antibodies extracted from the plasma of over a thousand blood donors). IVIG's effects last between 2 wee...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IVIG
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wikidoc
Intravenous leiomyomatosis
Intravenous leiomyomatosis Synonyms and keywords: Nesidioblastoma, IVLM # Overview Intravenous leiomyomatosis is also refered as IVL. Intravenous leiomyomatosis is characterized by the extension into venous channels of histologically benign smooth muscle tumor arising from either the wall of a vessel or from a uterine...
Intravenous leiomyomatosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Template:Sonia Sandeep Js Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2] Synonyms and keywords: Nesidioblastoma, IVLM # Overview Intravenous leiomyomatosis is also refered as IVL. Intravenous leiomyomatosis is characterized...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IVLM
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wikidoc
Immunoglobulin heavy chain
Immunoglobulin heavy chain # Overview The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). A typical antibody is composed of two immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains and two Ig light chains. Several different types of heavy chain exist that define the class or isotype of a...
Immunoglobulin heavy chain Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). A typical antibody is composed of two immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains and two Ig light chains. Several different types of hea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Immunoglobulin_heavy_chain
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wikidoc
Indications for pacemakers
Indications for pacemakers # Guidelines for Implantation of a Pacemaker for Sinus Node Dysfunction ## Class I - Sinus node dysfunction with documented symptomatic bradycardia, including frequent sinus pauses that produce symptoms. In some patients, bradycardia is iatrogenic and will occur as a consequence of essentia...
Indications for pacemakers Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News # Guidelines for Implantation of a Pacemaker for Sinus Node Dysfunction ## Class I - Sinus node dysfunction with documented symptomatic bradycardia, including...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indications_for_Pacemakers
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wikidoc
Inferior cervical ganglion
Inferior cervical ganglion The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently f...
Inferior cervical ganglion Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_cervical_ganglion
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wikidoc
Inferior epigastric artery
Inferior epigastric artery In human anatomy, inferior epigastric artery refers to the artery that arises from the external iliac artery and anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery. Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein, the inferior epigastric vein. # Course It arises from the external...
Inferior epigastric artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] In human anatomy, inferior epigastric artery refers to the artery that arises from the external iliac artery and anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery. Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly nam...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_epigastric
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wikidoc
Inferior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery, often abbreviated as IMA, supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. Proximally, its territory of distr...
Inferior mesenteric artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery, often abbreviated as IMA, supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_mesenteric_artery
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wikidoc
Inflammatory breast cancer
Inflammatory breast cancer # Overview Inflammatory breast cancer is an especially aggressive type of breast cancer that can occur in women of any age (and, although extremely rarely, in men). It is unique because it often does not present with a lump and therefore often is not detected by mammography or ultrasound. It...
Inflammatory breast cancer Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Inflammatory breast cancer[1] is an especially aggressive[2] type of breast cancer that can occur in women of any age (and, although extremely rarely, in men). It is unique because it often does not present with a lump and theref...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inflammatory_breast_cancer
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wikidoc
Inositol monophosphatase 1
Inositol monophosphatase 1 Inositol monophosphatase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPA1 gene. # Interacting partners IMPA1 has been shown to interact with Bergmann glial S100B and calbindin. # Chemical inhibitors L-690,330 is a competitive inhibitor of IMPase activity with very good activity in vitr...
Inositol monophosphatase 1 Inositol monophosphatase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPA1 gene.[1][2] # Interacting partners IMPA1 has been shown to interact with Bergmann glial S100B[3] and calbindin.[4][5] # Chemical inhibitors L-690,330 is a competitive inhibitor of IMPase activity with very good ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inositol_monophosphatase_1
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wikidoc
Inositol monophosphatase 3
Inositol monophosphatase 3 Inositol monophosphatase 3 also known as inositol monophosphatase domain-containing protein 1 (IMPAD1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPAD1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the inositol monophosphatase family. The encoded protein is localized to the Golgi apparatus and cata...
Inositol monophosphatase 3 Inositol monophosphatase 3 also known as inositol monophosphatase domain-containing protein 1 (IMPAD1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IMPAD1 gene.[1] This gene encodes a member of the inositol monophosphatase family. The encoded protein is localized to the Golgi apparatus and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inositol_monophosphatase_3
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wikidoc
Interactive voice response
Interactive voice response In telephony, interactive voice response, or IVR, is a phone technology that allows a computer to detect voice and touch tones using a normal phone call. The IVR system can respond with pre-recorded or dynamically generated audio to further direct callers on how to proceed. IVR systems can ...
Interactive voice response In telephony, interactive voice response, or IVR, is a phone technology that allows a computer to detect voice and touch tones using a normal phone call. The IVR system can respond with pre-recorded or dynamically generated audio to further direct callers on how to proceed. IVR systems can...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interactive_voice_response
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wikidoc
Intermittent hydrarthrosis
Intermittent hydrarthrosis Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Intermittent hydrarthrosis is an rare syndrome affecting women that is characterized by symmetric joint effusions, predominantly involving the knees, without joint destruction. These effusions occur periodically, with recurrent self-remitting episodes of acu...
Intermittent hydrarthrosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Intermittent hydrarthrosis[1] is an rare syndrome affecting women that is characterized by symmetric joint effusions, predominantly involving the knees, without joint destruction. These effusions occur peri...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intermittent_hydrarthrosis
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wikidoc
International Drug Control
International Drug Control International Drug Control refers to efforts to stem the production, distribution and use of illegal drugs internationally. # Treaties ## Treaties no longer in force Five major treaties no longer in force are the: - International Opium Convention, signed at The Hague on 23 January 1912; - A...
International Drug Control International Drug Control refers to efforts to stem the production, distribution and use of illegal drugs internationally. # Treaties ## Treaties no longer in force Five major treaties no longer in force are the: - International Opium Convention, signed at The Hague on 23 January 1912; - ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/International_Drug_Control
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wikidoc
Interpersonal relationship
Interpersonal relationship # Overview In the contexts of sociology and of popular culture, the concept of interpersonal relationships involves social associations, connections, or affiliations between two or more people. Such persons may interact overtly, covertly, face-to-face; or may remain effectively unknown to ea...
Interpersonal relationship # Overview In the contexts of sociology and of popular culture, the concept of interpersonal relationships involves social associations, connections, or affiliations between two or more people. Such persons may interact overtly, covertly, face-to-face; or may remain effectively unknown to ea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interpersonal
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wikidoc
Interstitial cell of Cajal
Interstitial cell of Cajal # Overview The Interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) is a type of cell found in the gastrointestinal tract. It serves as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction. Many types of smooth muscle tissues have now been shown to contain ICC, but with few exceptions the function of these cells is not k...
Interstitial cell of Cajal Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The Interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) is a type of cell found in the gastrointestinal tract. It serves as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction.[1] Many types of smooth muscle tissues have now been shown to contain ICC, but w...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interstitial_cell_of_Cajal
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wikidoc
Interviewing for residency
Interviewing for residency “A good interview can save someone with the less than perfect application. A bad interview cannot always be salvaged by a paper record.” # Understanding the 'why' behind the interview process Before one begins preparing for the interview, it is important to understand the ‘why’ behind the in...
Interviewing for residency Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2] Sudarshana Datta, MD [3] “A good interview can save someone with the less than perfect application. A bad interview cannot always be salvaged by a paper record.” # Understanding the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interviewing_for_Residency
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wikidoc
Intra-cranial hypertension
Intra-cranial hypertension _NOTOC__ Ahmad Muneeb, MBBS Synonyms and keywords: Intracranial hypertension # Overview # Historical Perspective - was first discovered by , a , in during/following . - In , mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of . - In , the first was developed by to treat/diagnose . ...
Intra-cranial hypertension _NOTOC__ Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Muneeb, MBBS[2] Synonyms and keywords: Intracranial hypertension # Overview # Historical Perspective - [Disease name] was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intra-cranial_hypertension
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wikidoc
Intraepithelial lymphocyte
Intraepithelial lymphocyte # Overview Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are lymphocytes found in the epithelial layer of mammalian mucosal linings, such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and reproductive tract. In the GI tract, they are components of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). IELs express gamma-delta het...
Intraepithelial lymphocyte # Overview Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are lymphocytes found in the epithelial layer of mammalian mucosal linings, such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and reproductive tract. In the GI tract, they are components of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). IELs express gamma-delta het...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intraepithelial_lymphocyte
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wikidoc
Intravenous sugar solution
Intravenous sugar solution # Overview An intravenous sugar solution is a solution with a sugar (usually glucose, a.k.a. dextrose, with water as the solvent) used for intravenous therapy, where it may function both as a means of maintaining tissue hydration and a means of parenteral nutrition. # Types Types of glucose...
Intravenous sugar solution Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview An intravenous sugar solution is a solution with a sugar (usually glucose, a.k.a. dextrose, with water as the solvent) used for intravenous therapy, where it may function both as a means of maintaining tissue hydration and a mean...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intravenous_sugar_solution
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wikidoc
Iodine deficiency
Iodine deficiency overview Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing. # Overview Iodine is an essential trace element; the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodotyronine contain iodine. In areas where there is little iodine in the diet—typically remote inland areas wh...
Iodine deficiency overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing. # Overview Iodine is an essential trace element; the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodotyronine contain iodine....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Iodine_deficiency_overview
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wikidoc
Irritant diaper dermatitis
Irritant diaper dermatitis # Overview Irritant diaper dermatitis, also known as "diaper dermatitis" and "napkin dermatitis":80 and commonly known as diaper rash (NAE) or nappy rash (UK, AUS), is a generic term applied to skin rashes in the diaper area that are caused by various skin disorders and/or irritants. Generic...
Irritant diaper dermatitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Overview Irritant diaper dermatitis,[1] also known as "diaper dermatitis" and "napkin dermatitis"[2]:80 and commonly known as diaper rash (NAE) or nappy rash (UK, AUS), is a generic ter...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Irritant_diaper_dermatitis
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wikidoc
Islet cell transplantation
Islet cell transplantation Islet transplantation is the transplantation of isolated islets from a donor pancreas and into another person. It is an experimental treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Once transplanted, the islets begin to produce insulin, actively regulating the level of glucose in the blood. Islets ar...
Islet cell transplantation Islet transplantation is the transplantation of isolated islets from a donor pancreas and into another person. It is an experimental treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Once transplanted, the islets begin to produce insulin, actively regulating the level of glucose in the blood. Islets a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Islet_cell_transplantation
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wikidoc
JAK-STAT signaling pathway
JAK-STAT signaling pathway # Overview The JAK-STAT signaling pathway takes part in the regulation of cellular responses to cytokines and growth factors. Employing Janus kinases (JAKs) and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs), the pathway transduces the signal carried by these extracellular polype...
JAK-STAT signaling pathway Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The JAK-STAT signaling pathway takes part in the regulation of cellular responses to cytokines and growth factors. Employing Janus kinases (JAKs) and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STATs), the pathway transdu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/JAK-STAT_pathway
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wikidoc
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome # Overview Johanson–Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare, sometimes fatal autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder featuring abnormal development of the pancreas, nose and scalp, with mental retardation, hearing loss and growth failure. It is sometimes described as a form of ectoder...
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Johanson–Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare, sometimes fatal autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder featuring abnormal development of the pancreas, nose and scalp, with mental retardation, hearing loss and growth fai...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Johanson-Blizzard_syndrome
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wikidoc
Jumping Frenchmen of Maine
Jumping Frenchmen of Maine # Background Jumping Frenchmen of Maine is a rare disorder originally described by G. M. Beard in 1878. It results in an exaggerated "startle" reflex, and was first noted among related French-Canadian lumberjacks in the Moosehead Lake area of Maine. It is not clear if the disorder is neurolo...
Jumping Frenchmen of Maine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Background Jumping Frenchmen of Maine is a rare disorder originally described by G. M. Beard in 1878.[1][2] It results in an exaggerated "startle" reflex,[3] and was first noted among related French-Canadian lumberjacks in the Moosehead L...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jumping_Frenchmen_of_Maine
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wikidoc
Kugelberg-Welander disease
Kugelberg-Welander disease Kugelberg-Welander disease (also known as "juvenile spinal muscular atrophy, "spinal muscular atrophy type 3, or "spinal muscular atrophy type III") is an autosomal recessive muscular disease. It is a form of spinal muscular atrophy, or SMA. It appears between 2 and 17 years of age, and inclu...
Kugelberg-Welander disease Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Kugelberg-Welander disease (also known as "juvenile spinal muscular atrophy, "spinal muscular atrophy type 3, or "spinal muscular atrophy type III") is an autosomal recessive muscular disease. It is a form of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kugelberg-Welander_Disease
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wikidoc
Leukemia inhibitory factor
Leukemia inhibitory factor Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is an interleukin 6 class cytokine that affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate. # Function LIF derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells, thu...
Leukemia inhibitory factor Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, is an interleukin 6 class cytokine that affects cell growth by inhibiting differentiation. When LIF levels drop, the cells differentiate. # Function LIF derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells, th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/LIF
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wikidoc
Large plaque parapsoriasis
Large plaque parapsoriasis # Overview Large plaque parapsoriasis (also known as "parapsoriasis en plaques") are skin lesions that may be included in the modern scheme of cutaneous conditions described as parapsoriasis. These lesions, called plaques, may be irregularly round-shaped to oval and are 10 cm (3.93700787 in)...
Large plaque parapsoriasis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Overview Large plaque parapsoriasis (also known as "parapsoriasis en plaques"[1]) are skin lesions that may be included in the modern scheme of cutaneous conditions described as paraps...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Large_plaque_parapsoriasis
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wikidoc
Lateral medullary syndrome
Lateral medullary syndrome Synonyms and keywords: Wallenberg's syndrome; posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome (PICA) # Overview The lateral medullary syndrome is one of the most common clinical syndromes of brain stem caused by the decreased blood supply to the lateral medulla. It is also commonly known as Wa...
Lateral medullary syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabeeh Islam, MBBS[2] Synonyms and keywords: Wallenberg's syndrome; posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome (PICA) # Overview The lateral medullary syndrome is one of the most common clinical syndromes o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Lateral_Medullary_Syndrome
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wikidoc
Left gastro-omental artery
Left gastro-omental artery The left gastro-omental artery (or left gastroepiploic artery), the largest branch of the splenic artery, runs from left to right about a finger’s breadth or more from the greater curvature of the stomach, between the layers of the greater omentum, and anastomoses with the right gastroepiploi...
Left gastro-omental artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The left gastro-omental artery (or left gastroepiploic artery), the largest branch of the splenic artery, runs from left to right about a finger’s breadth or more from the greater curvature of the stomach, between the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Left_gastro-omental_artery
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wikidoc
Levatores costarum muscles
Levatores costarum muscles # Overview The Levatores costarum, twelve in number on either side, are small tendinous and fleshy bundles, which arise from the ends of the transverse processes of the seventh cervical and upper eleven thoracic vertebrae They pass obliquely downward and lateralward, like the fibers of the I...
Levatores costarum muscles Template:Infobox Muscle # Overview The Levatores costarum, twelve in number on either side, are small tendinous and fleshy bundles, which arise from the ends of the transverse processes of the seventh cervical and upper eleven thoracic vertebrae They pass obliquely downward and lateralward,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Levatores_costarum
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wikidoc
List of Schedule III drugs
List of Schedule III drugs # Overview This is a list of Schedule III drugs under the Controlled Substances Act for the United States. Required findings for drugs to be placed in this schedule: - The drug or other substance has a potential for abuse less than the drugs or other substances in schedules I and II. - The ...
List of Schedule III drugs Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview This is a list of Schedule III drugs under the Controlled Substances Act for the United States. Required findings for drugs to be placed in this schedule: [1] - The drug or other substance has a potential for abuse less than the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/List_of_Schedule_III_drugs
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wikidoc
List of U.S. state fossils
List of U.S. state fossils Though every state in the United States has a State Bird and a State Flower, not every state in the United States has a State Fossil. State fossils tend to be quite dramatic. California has chosen the Pleistocene saber-toothed cat, Smilodon fatalis familiar from the La Brea Tar Pits, and Alas...
List of U.S. state fossils Though every state in the United States has a State Bird and a State Flower, not every state in the United States has a State Fossil. State fossils tend to be quite dramatic. California has chosen the Pleistocene saber-toothed cat, Smilodon fatalis familiar from the La Brea Tar Pits, and Ala...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/List_of_U.S._state_fossils
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wikidoc
List of elements by number
List of elements by number A table of chemical elements ordered by atomic number and color coded according to type of element. Given is each element's name, element symbol, group and period, Chemical series, and atomic mass (or most stable isotope). # Notes - ↑ Jump up to: 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08...
List of elements by number A table of chemical elements ordered by atomic number and color coded according to type of element. Given is each element's name, element symbol, group and period, Chemical series, and atomic mass (or most stable isotope). Template:Element color legend Template:Element color legend # Notes...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/List_of_elements_by_number
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wikidoc
List of elements by symbol
List of elements by symbol This is a list of chemical elements by symbol, including the current signification used to identify the chemical elements as recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, as well as proposed and historical signs. Also given is each element's atomic number, atomic mass o...
List of elements by symbol Template:TOCright This is a list of chemical elements by symbol, including the current signification used to identify the chemical elements as recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, as well as proposed and historical signs. Also given is each element's atomic n...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/List_of_elements_by_symbol
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List of eponymous diseases
List of eponymous diseases # Overview An eponymous disease is one that has been named after the person who first described the condition. This usually involves publishing an article in a respected medical journal. Rarely an eponymous disease may be named after a patient (examples include Christmas disease, Lou Gehrig'...
List of eponymous diseases Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview An eponymous disease is one that has been named after the person who first described the condition. This usually involves publishing an article in a respected medical journal. Rarely an eponymous disease may be named after a pati...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/List_of_eponymous_diseases