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wikidoc
Gymnopilus luteofolius
Gymnopilus luteofolius Gymnopilus luteofolius, also known as Yellow-Gilled Gymnopilus is a large and widely distributed mushroom which grows in dense clusters on dead hardwoods and conifers. It has a rusty orange spore print and a bitter taste. It contains the hallucinogen psilocybin. In Japan this mushroom is called...
Gymnopilus luteofolius Template:Mycomorphbox Gymnopilus luteofolius, also known as Yellow-Gilled Gymnopilus is a large and widely distributed mushroom which grows in dense clusters on dead hardwoods and conifers. It has a rusty orange spore print and a bitter taste. It contains the hallucinogen psilocybin. In Japan ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Gymnopilus_luteofolius
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wikidoc
Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae For additional information about other Haemophilus species, click here. # Overview Haemophilus influenzae, formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or Bacillus influenzae, is a non-motile Gram-negative coccobacillus first described in 1892 by Richard Pfeiffer during an influenza pandemic. It is gener...
Haemophilus influenzae For additional information about other Haemophilus species, click here. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Haemophilus influenzae, formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or Bacillus influenzae, is a non-motile Gram-negative coccobacillus first described in 1892 by Richar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/H._influenzae
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wikidoc
H₂-receptor antagonist
H₂-receptor antagonist # Overview An H2-receptor antagonist, (H2RA) shortened to H2 antagonist, is a classification of drugs used to block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing acid production by these cells. These drugs are used in the treatment of dyspepsia; however, their use has wane...
H₂-receptor antagonist Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview An H2-receptor antagonist, (H2RA) shortened to H2 antagonist, is a classification of drugs used to block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach, decreasing acid production by these cells. These drugs are used in the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/H2-receptor_antagonist
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wikidoc
Human Coronavirus NL63
Human Coronavirus NL63 # Overview Human Coronavirus NL63 is a virus that was identified in 2003 in a child with bronchiolitis in the Netherlands. Recent reports from several countries (Australia, Japan, Canada and Belgium) indicate that the virus has spread worldwide. The virus is found mainly in young children, elder...
Human Coronavirus NL63 Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Human Coronavirus NL63 is a virus that was identified in 2003 in a child with bronchiolitis in the Netherlands. Recent reports from several countries (Australia, Japan, Canada and Belgium) indicate that the virus has spread worldwide...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HCoV-NL63
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wikidoc
High grade astrocytoma
High grade astrocytoma # Overview - Astrocytoma is a primary intracranial tumor. They may arise in the cerebral hemispheres, in the posterior fossa, in the optic nerve, and rarely, the spinal cord. It originates in a particular kind of glial-cells, star-shaped brain cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes. This type o...
High grade astrocytoma Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2] # Overview - Astrocytoma is a primary intracranial tumor. They may arise in the cerebral hemispheres, in the posterior fossa, in the optic nerve, and rarely, the spinal cord. It originates in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HGA
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wikidoc
HIV resistance testing
HIV resistance testing # Overview The emergence of resistance to one or more antiretroviral drugs is one of the more common reasons for therapeutic failure in the treatment of HIV. In addition, the emergence of resistance to one antiretroviral drug sometimes confers a reduction in or a loss of susceptibility to other ...
HIV resistance testing Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The emergence of resistance to one or more antiretroviral drugs is one of the more common reasons for therapeutic failure in the treatment of HIV. In addition, the emergence of resistance to one antiretroviral drug sometimes confers ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/HIV_resistance_testing
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Hamilton-Madison House
Hamilton-Madison House Hamilton-Madison House is a voluntary, non-profit settlement house dedicated to improving the quality of life of its community, primarily those in the Two Bridges/Chinatown area of Manhattan’s Lower East Side. The neighborhood is a federally designated poverty area, with a constantly changing mix...
Hamilton-Madison House Hamilton-Madison House is a voluntary, non-profit settlement house dedicated to improving the quality of life of its community, primarily those in the Two Bridges/Chinatown area of Manhattan’s Lower East Side. The neighborhood is a federally designated poverty area, with a constantly changing mi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hamilton-Madison_House
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wikidoc
Hamulus of hamate bone
Hamulus of hamate bone The volar surface of the hamate bone presents, at its lower and ulnar side, a curved, hook-like process, the hamulus, directed forward and lateralward. This process gives attachment, by its apex, to the transverse carpal ligament and the Flexor carpi ulnaris; by its medial surface to the Flexor d...
Hamulus of hamate bone Template:Infobox Bone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The volar surface of the hamate bone presents, at its lower and ulnar side, a curved, hook-like process, the hamulus, directed forward and lateralward. This process gives attachment, by its apex, to the transverse carpal li...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hamulus_of_hamate_bone
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wikidoc
Haplogroup I1a (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup I1a (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup I1a (M253, M307, P30, P40) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup occurring at greatest frequency in Scandinavia. It displays a very clear frequency gradient, with a peak frequency of approximately 35% among the populations of southern Norway, southwestern Sweden, and Denmark,...
Haplogroup I1a (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup I1a (M253, M307, P30, P40) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup occurring at greatest frequency in Scandinavia. It displays a very clear frequency gradient, with a peak frequency of approximately 35% among the populations of southern Norway, southwestern Sweden, and Denmark...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Haplogroup_I1a_(Y-DNA)
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wikidoc
Haplogroup O2a (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup O2a (Y-DNA) In genetics, Haplogroup O2a (M95) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O2a is a descendent branch of Haplogroup O2. Its closest extant phylogenetic relatives are the Haplogroup O2- Y-chromosomes found at a low frequency throughout most of East Eurasia and the Haplogroup O2b Y-chrom...
Haplogroup O2a (Y-DNA) In genetics, Haplogroup O2a (M95) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O2a is a descendent branch of Haplogroup O2. Its closest extant phylogenetic relatives are the Haplogroup O2* Y-chromosomes found at a low frequency throughout most of East Eurasia and the Haplogroup O2b Y-chro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Haplogroup_O2a_(Y-DNA)
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wikidoc
Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup R1b is the most frequent Y-chromosome haplogroup in Western Europe. Its frequency is highest in Western Europe, especially in Atlantic Europe (and due to European emigration, in North America, South America, and Australia). In southern England, the frequency of R1b ...
Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup R1b is the most frequent Y-chromosome haplogroup in Western Europe. Its frequency is highest in Western Europe, especially in Atlantic Europe (and due to European emigration, in North America, South America, and Australia). In southern England, the frequency of R1b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Haplogroup_R1b_(Y-DNA)
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Health savings account
Health savings account Proponents of HSAs, including the Bush Administration, believe that they are an important reform that will help reduce the growth of health care costs and increase the efficiency of the health care system. According to proponents, HSAs encourage saving for future health care expenses and encourag...
Health savings account Template:HealthcareA Health Savings Account (HSA) is a tax-advantaged medical savings account available to taxpayers in the United States who are enrolled in a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP). The funds contributed to the account are not subject to federal income tax at the time of deposit. F...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Health_Savings_Account
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wikidoc
Health and social care
Health and social care Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Michelle Lew # Overview In the UK, Health and Social Care is a broad term that relates to integrated services that are available from health and social care providers. It can also mean a range of vocational and academic courses which can be taken at various academic a...
Health and social care Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Michelle Lew # Overview In the UK, Health and Social Care is a broad term that relates to integrated services that are available from health and social care providers. It can also mean a range of vocational and acade...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Health_and_Social_Care
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wikidoc
Health care in Nigeria
Health care in Nigeria Health care provision in Nigeria is a concurrent responsibility of the three tiers of government in the country. However, because Nigeria operates a mixed economy, private providers of health care have a visible role to play in health care delivery. The federal government's role is mostly limite...
Health care in Nigeria Health care provision in Nigeria is a concurrent responsibility of the three tiers of government in the country. [1] However, because Nigeria operates a mixed economy, private providers of health care have a visible role to play in health care delivery. The federal government's role is mostly li...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Health_care_in_Nigeria
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wikidoc
Healthcare in Scotland
Healthcare in Scotland Healthcare in Scotland is mainly provided by Scotland's public health service, NHS Scotland, that provides healthcare to all UK permanent residents that is free at the point of need and paid for from general taxation. Since 'Health' is a matter that is devolved, considerable differences are now d...
Healthcare in Scotland Healthcare in Scotland is mainly provided by Scotland's public health service, NHS Scotland, that provides healthcare to all UK permanent residents that is free at the point of need and paid for from general taxation. Since 'Health' is a matter that is devolved, considerable differences are now ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Healthcare_in_Scotland
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Hearing Voices Network
Hearing Voices Network # Overview The Hearing Voices Network is a self-help user-run organization for people who 'hear voices'. Although members may have a psychiatric diagnosis, the group promotes an alternative approach, where voices are not necessarily seen as signs of mental illness. They argue that since some peo...
Hearing Voices Network Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The Hearing Voices Network is a self-help user-run organization for people who 'hear voices'. Although members may have a psychiatric diagnosis, the group promotes an alternative approach, where voices are not necessarily seen as sig...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hearing_Voices_Network
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wikidoc
Heart protection study
Heart protection study # Objective The Heart Protection Study is a large randomized controlled trial by the Medical Research Council (MRC) and the British Heart Foundation (BHF) in the United Kingdom. It studies the use of statin (simvastatin 40 mg) medication and vitamin supplementation (vitamin E, vitamin C and beta...
Heart protection study Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Objective The Heart Protection Study is a large randomized controlled trial by the Medical Research Council (MRC) and the British Heart Foundation (BHF) in the United Kingdom. It studies the use of statin (simvastatin 40 mg) medication and vi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Heart_Protection_Study
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wikidoc
Heart rate variability
Heart rate variability Overview Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of variations in the heart rate. It is usually calculated by analysing the time series of beat-to-beat intervals from ECG or arterial pressure tracings. Various measures of heart rate variability have been proposed, which can roughly be subdivide...
Heart rate variability Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Overview Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of variations in the heart rate. It is usually calculated by analysing the time series of beat-to-beat intervals from ECG or arterial pressure tracings. Various measures of heart rate variabilit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Heart_rate_variability
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wikidoc
Specific heat capacity
Specific heat capacity Specific heat capacity, also known simply as specific heat, is the measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval. The term originated primarily through the work of Scottish physicist Joseph Black who conducted ...
Specific heat capacity Template:Material properties (thermodynamics) Specific heat capacity, also known simply as specific heat, is the measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval. The term originated primarily through the work of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Heat_capacity
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Hemagglutination assay
Hemagglutination assay # Overview The hemagglutination assay (or haemagglutination assay; HA) is a method of quantification for viruses or bacteria by hemagglutination. It is an easy, simple and rapid method which can be applied to large numbers of samples. The hemagglutination assay and its extension, the hemagglutin...
Hemagglutination assay Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The hemagglutination assay (or haemagglutination assay; HA) is a method of quantification for viruses or bacteria by hemagglutination. It is an easy, simple and rapid method which can be applied to large numbers of samples. The hemag...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hemagglutination_assay
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wikidoc
Hematopoiesis
Hematopoiesis overview # Overview Haematopoiesis (from Ancient Greek: haima blood; poiesis to make) (or hematopoiesis in the United States; sometimes also haemopoiesis or hemopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular components. All of the cellular components of the blood are derived from haematopoietic stem cells. ...
Hematopoiesis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Haematopoiesis (from Ancient Greek: haima blood; poiesis to make) (or hematopoiesis in the United States; sometimes also haemopoiesis or hemopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular components. All of the cellular components of th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hematopoiesis_overview
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wikidoc
Hemosiderosis
Hemosiderosis overview # Overview Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by repeated episodes of a diffuse alveolar hemorrhage which cause periodic attack of tachycardia, pyrexia, pallor, fatigue, cyanosis, increasing dyspnea, signs of congestive cardiac failure, s...
Hemosiderosis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Roghayeh Marandi # Overview Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by repeated episodes of a diffuse alveolar hemorrhage which cause periodic attack of tachycardia, pyrexia, pallor, fatigue, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hemosiderosis_overview
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wikidoc
Hermann Werner Siemens
Hermann Werner Siemens # Overview Hermann Werner Siemens (20 August 1891, Charlottenburg -21 December 1969, Leiden) was a German dermatologist who first described many skin diseases and was one of the inventors of the twin study. # Biography He studied at Berlin and Munich universities, receiving his doctorate in 191...
Hermann Werner Siemens # Overview Hermann Werner Siemens (20 August 1891, Charlottenburg -21 December 1969, Leiden[1]) was a German dermatologist who first described many skin diseases and was one of the inventors of the twin study. # Biography He studied at Berlin and Munich universities, receiving his doctorate in ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hermann_Werner_Siemens
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wikidoc
Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster overview # Overview Herpes zoster (or simply zoster), commonly known as shingles, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a limited area on one side of the body, often in a stripe. The initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes the acute (short-lived) illn...
Herpes zoster overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; L. Katie Morrison, MD; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[3] # Overview Herpes zoster (or simply zoster), commonly known as shingles, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash wi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Herpes_zoster_overview
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wikidoc
Hiatus hernia
Hiatus hernia overview # Overview A hiatus hernia is the protrusion (or herniation) of the upper part of the stomach into the thorax through a tear or weakness in the diaphragm. Hiatus hernia may be classified into four subtypes: type I: Sliding hernia and type II, III, IV: paraesophageal hernias (rolling hernias). I...
Hiatus hernia overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2] # Overview A hiatus hernia is the protrusion (or herniation) of the upper part of the stomach into the thorax through a tear or weakness in the diaphragm. Hiatus hernia may be classified i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hiatus_hernia_overview
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wikidoc
Hip fracture treatment
Hip fracture treatment # For more detailed information please refer to the treatment section of the hip fracture chapter. The first step in managing a patient with a fracture is to stabilize the patient if he/she is unstable due to blood loss, etc by giving them intravenous fluids and giving them some painkillers if t...
Hip fracture treatment Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. # For more detailed information please refer to the treatment section of the hip fracture chapter. The first step in managing a patient with a fracture is to stabilize the patient...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hip_fracture_treatment
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wikidoc
Hirschberg's algorithm
Hirschberg's algorithm Hirschberg's Algorithm, named after its inventor, Dan Hirschberg, is a dynamic programming algorithm that finds the least cost sequence alignment between two strings, where cost is measured as Levenshtein edit distance, defined to be the sum -f the costs of insertions, replacements, deletions, an...
Hirschberg's algorithm Hirschberg's Algorithm, named after its inventor, Dan Hirschberg, is a dynamic programming algorithm that finds the least cost sequence alignment between two strings, where cost is measured as Levenshtein edit distance, defined to be the sum of the costs of insertions, replacements, deletions, a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hirschberg%27s_algorithm
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wikidoc
Histoplasma capsulatum
Histoplasma capsulatum # Overview Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus commonly found in bird and bat fecal material and is the causative agent of histoplasmosis. It belongs to the recently recognized fungal family Ajellomycetaceae. It is dimorphic and switches from a mold-like (filamentous) growth form in the natural h...
Histoplasma capsulatum Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D. # Overview Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus commonly found in bird and bat fecal material and is the causative agent of histoplasmosis.[1] It belongs to the recently recognized fungal family A...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Histoplasma_capsulatum
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wikidoc
Historical Perspective
Historical Perspective # Historical Perspective ## Discovery - There is limited information about the historical perspective of . OR - was first discovered by , a , in /during/following . - The association between and was made in/during . - In , was the first to discover the association between and the developme...
Historical Perspective # Historical Perspective ## Discovery - There is limited information about the historical perspective of [disease name]. OR - [Disease name] was first discovered by [name of scientist], a [nationality + occupation], in [year]/during/following [event]. - The association between [important risk f...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Historical_Perspective
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wikidoc
History of Tracheotomy
History of Tracheotomy The Evolution of the Tracheotomy Although it may go unnoticed, the tracheotomy has become a live saving procedure for many patients. It consists of making an incision in the trachea, creating an immediate airway or a site for a tracheal tube to be inserted. This tracheal tube allows a person to b...
History of Tracheotomy The Evolution of the Tracheotomy Although it may go unnoticed, the tracheotomy has become a live saving procedure for many patients. It consists of making an incision in the trachea, creating an immediate airway or a site for a tracheal tube to be inserted. This tracheal tube allows a person to ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/History_of_Tracheotomy
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wikidoc
Holiday heart syndrome
Holiday heart syndrome # Overview Holiday heart syndrome is a clinical presentation of irregular heartbeat pattern, in individuals who are otherwise healthy. It can be the result of stress, dehydration, and drinking. The most common cause of this syndrome is excessive alcohol consumption. Usually associated with binge...
Holiday heart syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [3] Apeksha Gupta, MBBS[4] # Overview Holiday heart syndrome is a clinical presentation of irregular heartbeat pattern, in individuals who are otherwise health...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Holiday_heart_syndrome
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Homeobox protein NANOG
Homeobox protein NANOG Homeobox protein NANOG is a transcriptional factor that helps embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain pluripotency by suppressing cell determination factors. Therefore NANOG deletion will trigger differentiation of ESCs. There are many different types of cancer that are associated with NANOG. In hum...
Homeobox protein NANOG Homeobox protein NANOG is a transcriptional factor that helps embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain pluripotency by suppressing cell determination factors. Therefore NANOG deletion will trigger differentiation of ESCs. There are many different types of cancer that are associated with NANOG. In hu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Homeobox_protein_NANOG
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wikidoc
Homeobox protein TGIF1
Homeobox protein TGIF1 Homeobox protein TGIF1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TGIF1 gene. Alternative splicing has been observed at this locus and eight variants, encoding four distinct isoforms, are described. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the three-amino acid loop extension...
Homeobox protein TGIF1 Homeobox protein TGIF1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TGIF1 gene.[1][2][3] Alternative splicing has been observed at this locus and eight variants, encoding four distinct isoforms, are described. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the three-amino acid loop...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Homeobox_protein_TGIF1
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wikidoc
Homonymous hemianopsia
Homonymous hemianopsia Homonymous hemianopsia is a medical term for a type of partial blindness resulting in a loss of vision in the same visual field of both eyes. # Causes It is usually caused by injury to the brain itself such as stroke or trauma, rather than malfunctioning of the eye itself. Vascular and neoplasti...
Homonymous hemianopsia Homonymous hemianopsia is a medical term for a type of partial blindness resulting in a loss of vision in the same visual field of both eyes. # Causes It is usually caused by injury to the brain itself such as stroke or trauma, rather than malfunctioning of the eye itself. Vascular and neoplast...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Homonymous_hemianopia
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wikidoc
Hormonal contraception
Hormonal contraception # Overview Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system. Currently, all hormonal contraceptives are designed for use by women rather than men, though research on a male hormonal contraceptive (“the male Pill”) has been underway for some time. Hormonal co...
Hormonal contraception Template:BirthControl infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system. Currently, all hormonal contraceptives are designed for use by women rather than men, though research on a male hor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hormonal_contraception
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wikidoc
Hormonal contraceptive
Hormonal contraceptive # Overview Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system. Currently, all hormonal contraceptives are designed for use by women rather than men, though research on a male hormonal contraceptive (“the male Pill”) has been underway for some time. Hormonal co...
Hormonal contraceptive Template:BirthControl infobox # Overview Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the hormonal system. Currently, all hormonal contraceptives are designed for use by women rather than men, though research on a male hormonal contraceptive (“the male Pill”) has been unde...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hormonal_contraceptive
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wikidoc
Hughes-Stovin syndrome
Hughes-Stovin syndrome # Overview 'Hughes-Stovin syndrome is a rare clinical condition characterized by multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms and peripheral venous thrombosis, first described in 1959 . Patients, mostly men aged 12–40 years may present with haemoptysis, cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and signs of pulmonary ...
Hughes-Stovin syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview 'Hughes-Stovin syndrome is a rare clinical condition characterized by multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms and peripheral venous thrombosis, first described in 1959 [1]. Patients, mostly men aged 12–40 years may present with haemoptys...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hughes-Stovin_syndrome
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wikidoc
Human Tissue Authority
Human Tissue Authority The Human Tissue Authority is a UK Non-Departmental Public Body created by the Human Tissue Act 2004. It exists to regulate the removal, storage, use and disposal of human bodies, organs and tissue for a number of scheduled purposes such as research, transplantation, and education and training. I...
Human Tissue Authority The Human Tissue Authority is a UK Non-Departmental Public Body created by the Human Tissue Act 2004. It exists to regulate the removal, storage, use and disposal of human bodies, organs and tissue for a number of scheduled purposes such as research, transplantation, and education and training. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Human_Tissue_Authority
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wikidoc
Humeral shaft fracture
Humeral shaft fracture # Overview The injuries of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint considered as the Humeral shaft fracture. It is more common among the elderly population following a low energy trauma such as falling. Meanwhile, A few people experience the axillary nerve damage such as reduced sensation around the ...
Humeral shaft fracture Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. # Overview[1][2][3] The injuries of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint considered as the Humeral shaft fracture. It is more common among the elderly population following a low ene...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Humeral_shaft_fracture
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Hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus overview # Overview Hydrocephalus is a term derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water, and "cephalus" meaning head, and this condition is sometimes known as "water on the brain". People with this condition have abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, or cavities, o...
Hydrocephalus overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun M.D., PhD.,Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Hydrocephalus is a term derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water, and "cephalus" meaning head, and this condition is sometimes known as "water on...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydrocephalus_overview
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Hydromorphone (rectal)
Hydromorphone (rectal) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content o...
Hydromorphone (rectal) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is inte...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hydromorphone_(rectal)
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wikidoc
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia overview # Overview Hypercalcemia (in UK English Hypercalcaemia) is an elevated calcium level in the blood. (Normal range: 9-10.5 mg/dL or 2.2-2.6 mmol/L). It can be an asymptomatic laboratory finding, but because an elevated calcium level is often indicative of other diseases, a diagnosis should be unde...
Hypercalcemia overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: # Overview Hypercalcemia (in UK English Hypercalcaemia) is an elevated calcium level in the blood. (Normal range: 9-10.5 mg/dL or 2.2-2.6 mmol/L). It can be an asymptomatic laboratory finding, but because an eleva...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypercalcemia_overview
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wikidoc
Hyperhidrosis
Hyperhidrosis overview # Overview Primary hyperhidrosis is the condition characterized by abnormally increased perspiration, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature. There is controversy regarding the definition of hyperhidrosis, because any sweat that drips off of the body is in excess of that ...
Hyperhidrosis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[3] # Overview Primary hyperhidrosis is the condition characterized by abnormally increased perspiration, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature. There is controv...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hyperhidrosis_overview
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wikidoc
Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia overview # Overview Hypernatremia is an electrolyte disturbance consisting of an elevated sodium level in the blood (compare to hyponatremia, meaning a low sodium level). It is defined as a serum sodium concentration exceeding 145 mEq/L. The most common cause of hypernatremia is not an excess of sodium, ...
Hypernatremia overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2] # Overview Hypernatremia is an electrolyte disturbance consisting of an elevated sodium level in the blood (compare to hyponatremia, meaning a low sodium level). It is defined as a serum sodium ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypernatremia_overview
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wikidoc
Tolypocladium inflatum
Tolypocladium inflatum Tolypocladium inflatum is a fungus isolated from Norwegian soil that, in certain conditions, produces Ciclosporin (Cyclosporine). The fungus from which ciclosporin was first isolated was originally misidentified as Trichoderma polysporum . Gams later showed that the fungus belonged in a new genu...
Tolypocladium inflatum Tolypocladium inflatum is a fungus isolated from Norwegian soil that, in certain conditions, produces Ciclosporin (Cyclosporine). The fungus from which ciclosporin was first isolated was originally misidentified as Trichoderma polysporum [1]. Gams later showed that the fungus belonged in a new ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypocladium_inflatum_gams
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wikidoc
Hypothalamic hamartoma
Hypothalamic hamartoma # Overview Hypothalamic hamartoma (abbreviated as HH) is a congenital condition consisting of a mass of disorganized neuronal or glial tissue on or near the hypothalamus. HH is generally not detected on CT scans, and on MRI it is isointense to gray matter. The size of HHs varies from less than 1...
Hypothalamic hamartoma Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Hypothalamic hamartoma (abbreviated as HH) is a congenital condition consisting of a mass of disorganized neuronal or glial tissue on or near the hypothalamus. HH is generally not detected on CT scans, and on MRI it is isointense to ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypothalamic_hamartoma
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wikidoc
Interleukin-6 receptor
Interleukin-6 receptor Interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) also known as CD126 (Cluster of Differentiation 126) is a type I cytokine receptor. # Function Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine that regulates cell growth and differentiation and plays an important role in immune response. Dysregulated production...
Interleukin-6 receptor Interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) also known as CD126 (Cluster of Differentiation 126) is a type I cytokine receptor. # Function Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine that regulates cell growth and differentiation and plays an important role in immune response. Dysregulated productio...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IL6R
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wikidoc
IMPROVE VTE risk score
IMPROVE VTE risk score # Overview The IMPROVE score for venous thromboembolism assesses the risk of VTE among hospitalized medical patients. # IMPROVE VTE Risk Score The IMPROVE risk score for venous thromboembolism assesses the risk of VTE among hospitalized medical patients. # IMPROVE VTE Risk Score Calculator Sho...
IMPROVE VTE risk score Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2], Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [3], Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[4] # Overview The IMPROVE score for venous thromboembolism assesses the risk of VTE among hospitalized medical patients. # IM...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IMPROVE_VTE_risk_score
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wikidoc
Isosorbide mononitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content o...
Isosorbide mononitrate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gerald Chi # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ISMO
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wikidoc
Idioventricular rhythm
Idioventricular rhythm Synonyms and keywords: IVR # Overview Normally, the SA node is responsible for triggering each heart beat that results in ventricular contraction. However, if the ventricle does not receive triggering signals at a rate high enough, the ventricular myocardium itself becomes the pacemaker or prod...
Idioventricular rhythm For patient information, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahmoud Sakr, M.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: IVR # Overview Normally, the SA node is responsible for triggering each heart beat that results in ventricular contraction. Howev...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/IVR
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wikidoc
Pure autonomic failure
Pure autonomic failure Synonyms and keywords: Bradbury-Eggleston syndrome; idiopathic orthostatic hypotension; idiopathic hypotension # Overview Pure autonomic failure is a form of dysautonomia # Classification It is one of three diseases classified as primary autonomic failure. # Pathophysiology The pathology of pu...
Pure autonomic failure Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Bradbury-Eggleston syndrome; idiopathic orthostatic hypotension; idiopathic hypotension # Overview Pure autonomic failure is a form of dysautonomia # Classification It is one of three diseases classified as primary auton...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Idiopathic_hypotension
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Image description page
Image description page The description page consists of four parts: - in the case of an image: the image itself - description of the image/sound - "Image history" - "image links" or "File links" For an image on Commons, subsequently the following is shown on the local image page: - the image - the message - the local e...
Image description page Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The description page consists of four parts: - in the case of an image: the image itself - description of the image/sound - "Image history" - "image links" or "File links" For an image on Commons, subsequently the following is shown on the local...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Image_description_page
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wikidoc
Images and other Media
Images and other Media ## Basic Instructions for Inserting Images Only images that have been uploaded to Wiki doc can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on theimage list. See the Wikidoc's image use policy as a guideline used on Wikidoc. All information on this page is attr...
Images and other Media ## Basic Instructions for Inserting Images Only images that have been uploaded to Wiki doc can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on theimage list. See the Wikidoc's image use policy as a guideline used on Wikidoc. All information on this page is attr...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Images_and_other_Media
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wikidoc
Impedance cardiography
Impedance cardiography Impedance cardiography is a hemorheology technique of using sensors to detect the properties of the blood flow in the Thorax. # Introduction Impedance cardiography (ICG), also referred to as thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) and electrical impedance plethysmography (EIP), has been researche...
Impedance cardiography Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Impedance cardiography is a hemorheology technique of using sensors to detect the properties of the blood flow in the Thorax. # Introduction Impedance cardiography (ICG), also referred to as thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) and electrical...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Impedance_cardiography
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wikidoc
Impedance phlebography
Impedance phlebography # Overview Impedance phlebography, or impedance plethysmography, is a non-invasive medical test that measures small changes in electrical resistance of the chest, calf or other regions of the body. These measurements reflect blood volume changes, and can indirectly indicate the presence or absen...
Impedance phlebography Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Impedance phlebography, or impedance plethysmography, is a non-invasive medical test that measures small changes in electrical resistance of the chest, calf or other regions of the body. These measurements reflect blood volume change...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Impedance_phlebography
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wikidoc
Incidentaloma
Incidentaloma overview # Overview Adrenal incidentaloma is an asymptomatic adrenal mass detected on imaging not performed for a suspected adrenal disease. Malignancy is an uncommon cause of adrenal incidentaloma. In most cases, adrenal incidentalomas are nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenomas, although, they may secre...
Incidentaloma overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2] # Overview Adrenal incidentaloma is an asymptomatic adrenal mass detected on imaging not performed for a suspected adrenal disease. Malignancy is an uncommon cause of adrenal incidental...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Incidentaloma_overview
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wikidoc
Incongruent transition
Incongruent transition Incongruent transition, in chemistry, is a mass transition between two phases which involves a change in composition. This is contrasted with congruent transition, for which the composition remains the same. The transition may be that of melting, vaporization or allotropism. The concept is also ...
Incongruent transition Incongruent transition, in chemistry, is a mass transition between two phases which involves a change in composition. This is contrasted with congruent transition, for which the composition remains the same. The transition may be that of melting, vaporization or allotropism. The concept is also...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Incongruent_transition
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wikidoc
Indications for an ICD
Indications for an ICD # Class I 1. Cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) not due to a transient or reversible cause. (Level of evidence: A) 2. Spontaneous sustained VT in association with structural heart disease. (Level of evidence: B) 3. Syncope of undetermined origin w...
Indications for an ICD Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News ## Class I 1. Cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) not due to a transient or reversible cause. (Level of evidence: A...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indications_for_an_ICD
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wikidoc
Indinavir how supplied
Indinavir how supplied # How Supplied CRIXIVAN Capsules are supplied as follows: No. 3755 — 100 mg capsules: semi-translucent white capsules coded "CRIXIVAN™ 100 mg" in green. Available as: NDC 0006-0570-62 unit-of-use bottles of 180 (with desiccant). No. 3756 — 200 mg capsules: semi-translucent white capsules coded "...
Indinavir how supplied Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Moubarak, M.D. [2] # How Supplied CRIXIVAN Capsules are supplied as follows: No. 3755 — 100 mg capsules: semi-translucent white capsules coded "CRIXIVAN™ 100 mg" in green. Available as: NDC 0006-0570-62 u...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indinavir_how_supplied
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wikidoc
Indinavir microbiology
Indinavir microbiology # Microbiology Mechanism of Action: HIV-1 protease is an enzyme required for the proteolytic cleavage of the viral polyprotein precursors into the individual functional proteins found in infectious HIV-1. Indinavir binds to the protease active site and inhibits the activity of the enzyme. This i...
Indinavir microbiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Moubarak, M.D. [2] # Microbiology Mechanism of Action: HIV-1 protease is an enzyme required for the proteolytic cleavage of the viral polyprotein precursors into the individual functional proteins found i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Indinavir_microbiology
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wikidoc
Inferior cardiac nerve
Inferior cardiac nerve The inferior cardiac nerve arises from either the inferior cervical or the first thoracic ganglion. It descends behind the subclavian artery and along the front of the trachea, to join the deep part of the cardiac plexus. It communicates freely behind the subclavian artery with the recurrent nerv...
Inferior cardiac nerve Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The inferior cardiac nerve arises from either the inferior cervical or the first thoracic ganglion. It descends behind the subclavian artery and along the front of the trachea, to join the deep part of the cardiac plexus. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_cardiac_nerve
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wikidoc
Inferior rectal artery
Inferior rectal artery The inferior rectal artery (inferior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that supplies blood to the rectum. # Structure The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tuberosity. Piercing the wall of the pudendal canal, it divides into two or thr...
Inferior rectal artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The inferior rectal artery (inferior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that supplies blood to the rectum. # Structure The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tub...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_hemorrhoidal_arteries
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wikidoc
Inferior rectus muscle
Inferior rectus muscle The inferior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. # Actions It depresses, adducts, rotates laterally, and extorts the eye. # Innervation As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). # Additional images - Dissection showing origins o...
Inferior rectus muscle Template:Muscle infobox The inferior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. # Actions It depresses, adducts, rotates laterally, and extorts the eye. # Innervation As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). # Additional images - Dis...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_rectus
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wikidoc
Inferior thyroid veins
Inferior thyroid veins The inferior thyroid veins two, frequently three or four, in number, arise in the venous plexus on the thyroid gland, communicating with the middle and superior thyroid veins. They form a plexus in front of the trachea, behind the Sternothyreoidei. From this plexus, a left vein descends and joins...
Inferior thyroid veins Template:Infobox Vein Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The inferior thyroid veins two, frequently three or four, in number, arise in the venous plexus on the thyroid gland, communicating with the middle and superior thyroid veins. They form a plexus in front of the trachea, beh...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inferior_thyroid_vein
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wikidoc
Information processing
Information processing # Overview Information processing is the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer. As such, it is a process which describes everything which happens (changes) in the universe, from the falling of a rock (a change in position) to the printing of a text file fro...
Information processing # Overview Information processing is the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer. As such, it is a process which describes everything which happens (changes) in the universe, from the falling of a rock (a change in position) to the printing of a text file fro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Information_processing
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wikidoc
Integrin-linked kinase
Integrin-linked kinase Integrin-linked kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ILK gene involved with integrin-mediated signal transduction. It is a 59kDa protein originally identified in a yeast-two hybrid screen with integrin β1 as the bait protein. Since its discovery, ILK has been associated with mul...
Integrin-linked kinase Integrin-linked kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ILK gene involved with integrin-mediated signal transduction. It is a 59kDa protein originally identified in a yeast-two hybrid screen with integrin β1 as the bait protein.[1] Since its discovery, ILK has been associated with...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Integrin-linked_kinase
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wikidoc
Intercavernous sinuses
Intercavernous sinuses The intercavernous sinuses are two in number, an anterior and a posterior, and connect the two cavernous sinuses across the middle line. The anterior passes in front of the hypophysis cerebri, the posterior behind it, and they form with the cavernous sinuses a venous circle (circular sinus) aroun...
Intercavernous sinuses Template:Infobox Vein Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The intercavernous sinuses are two in number, an anterior[1] and a posterior,[2] and connect the two cavernous sinuses across the middle line. The anterior passes in front of the hypophysis cerebri, the posterior behind it,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intercavernous_sinuses
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wikidoc
Interleukin-3 receptor
Interleukin-3 receptor The interleukin-3 receptor (CD123) is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system. The gene coding for the receptor is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X and Y chromosomes. The receptor belongs to the ty...
Interleukin-3 receptor The interleukin-3 receptor (CD123) is a molecule found on cells which helps transmit the signal of interleukin-3, a soluble cytokine important in the immune system. The gene coding for the receptor is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the X and Y chromosomes. The receptor belongs to the t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-3_receptor
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wikidoc
Interleukin-4 receptor
Interleukin-4 receptor The interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. IL4R is its human gene. # Function This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cell...
Interleukin-4 receptor The interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. IL4R is its human gene. # Function This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cel...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-4_receptor
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wikidoc
Interleukin-5 receptor
Interleukin-5 receptor The interleukin-5 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. It is a heterodimer of the interleukin 5 receptor alpha subunit and CSF2RB. The IL-5 receptor (IL-5R) belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family and is a heterodimer composed of two polypeptide chains, one α subunit, which binds IL-5 a...
Interleukin-5 receptor The interleukin-5 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. It is a heterodimer of the interleukin 5 receptor alpha subunit and CSF2RB.[1][2] The IL-5 receptor (IL-5R) belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family and is a heterodimer composed of two polypeptide chains, one α subunit, which binds...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-5_receptor
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wikidoc
Interleukin-7 receptor
Interleukin-7 receptor The interleukin-7 receptor is a protein found on the surface of cells. It is made up of two different smaller protein chains - i.e. it is a heterodimer, and consists of two subunits, interleukin-7 receptor-α (CD127) and common-γ chain receptor (CD132). The common-γ chain receptors is shared with...
Interleukin-7 receptor The interleukin-7 receptor is a protein found on the surface of cells. It is made up of two different smaller protein chains - i.e. it is a heterodimer, and consists of two subunits, interleukin-7 receptor-α (CD127) and common-γ chain receptor (CD132).[1][2] The common-γ chain receptors is shar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-7_receptor
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wikidoc
Interleukin-8 receptor
Interleukin-8 receptor # Overview The interleukin-8 receptors (IL-8R) are two 7-transmembrane proteins in the G-protein coupled-receptor family: interleukin-8 receptor A (IL-8RA) and interleukin-8 receptor B (IL-8RB). These receptors are generally found on human neutrophils, a type of white blood cell of the myeloid l...
Interleukin-8 receptor # Overview The interleukin-8 receptors (IL-8R) are two 7-transmembrane proteins in the G-protein coupled-receptor family:[1] interleukin-8 receptor A (IL-8RA) and interleukin-8 receptor B (IL-8RB). These receptors are generally found on human neutrophils, a type of white blood cell of the myeloi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interleukin-8_receptor
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wikidoc
Intermaxillary segment
Intermaxillary segment The rounded lateral angles of the medial process constitute the globular processes. It is also known as the intermaxillary segment It gives rise to the premaxilla. - Head end of human embryo of about thirty to thirty-one days. - Same embryo as shown in Fig. 45, with front wall of pharynx removed....
Intermaxillary segment Template:Infobox Embryology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The rounded lateral angles of the medial process constitute the globular processes. It is also known as the intermaxillary segment[1] It gives rise to the premaxilla.[2] - Head end of human embryo of about thirty to t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intermaxillary_segment
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wikidoc
Internal fertilization
Internal fertilization # Background Internal fertilization is a form of animal fertilization of an ovum by spermatozoon within the body of an inseminated animal, whether female or hermaphroditic. This is distinct from external fertilization, where the union of the ova and spermatoza occur outside of the organism. In m...
Internal fertilization Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Background Internal fertilization is a form of animal fertilization of an ovum by spermatozoon within the body of an inseminated animal, whether female or hermaphroditic. This is distinct from external fertilization, where the union of the ov...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Internal_fertilization
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wikidoc
Interval (mathematics)
Interval (mathematics) In mathematics, an interval is a set of real numbers with the property that any number that lies between two numbers in the set is also included in the set. For example, the set of all numbers x satisfying 0\le x\le 1 is an interval which contains 0 and 1, as well as all numbers between them. T...
Interval (mathematics) In mathematics, an interval is a set of real numbers with the property that any number that lies between two numbers in the set is also included in the set. For example, the set of all numbers <math>x</math> satisfying <math>0\le x\le 1</math> is an interval which contains <math>0</math> and <...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Interval_(mathematics)
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Intestinal malrotation
Intestinal malrotation # Overview Intestinal malrotation is a congenital anomaly of rotation of the midgut (embryologically, the gut undergoes a complex rotation outside the abdomen). As a result: - the small bowel is found predominantly on the right side of the abdomen - the cecum is displaced (from its usual positio...
Intestinal malrotation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Intestinal malrotation is a congenital anomaly of rotation of the midgut (embryologically, the gut undergoes a complex rotation outside the abdomen). As a result: - the small bowel is found predominantly on the right side of the abdo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intestinal_malrotation
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Intra-axial hemorrhage
Intra-axial hemorrhage Synonyms and keywords: Intra-axial hematoma # Overview Intra-axial hemorrhages, or intra-axial hematomas, are a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage that occur within the brain tissue itself. Intra-axial hemorrhages are potentially deadly because they can increase intracranial pressure and crush d...
Intra-axial hemorrhage Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Intra-axial hematoma # Overview Intra-axial hemorrhages, or intra-axial hematomas, are a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage that occur within the brain tissue itself. Intra-axial hemorrhages are potentially deadly because...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intra-axial_hematoma
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wikidoc
Intracoronary stenting
Intracoronary stenting # Bifurcation Lesions # 1. Kissing Stent Technique ## Benefits - Ensures complete coverage of the side branch ostium - Immediate patency of parent and side branch - Access to both branches maintained through procedure - No need for final kissing balloon ## Detriments - Un-endothelialized laye...
Intracoronary stenting Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Bifurcation Lesions # 1. Kissing Stent Technique ## Benefits - Ensures complete coverage of the side branch ostium - Immediate patency of parent and side branch - Access to both branches maintained through procedure - No need for final kiss...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intracoronary_Stenting
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wikidoc
Space occupying lesion
Space occupying lesion # Overview Intracranial space occupying lesions are tumors or abscesses present within the cranium or skull. These lesions put pressure on the adjacent brain tissue causing its damage. # Pathophysiology - Tumors of brain may develop focally or can be of metastatic origin. They grow in size caus...
Space occupying lesion Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] # Overview Intracranial space occupying lesions are tumors or abscesses present within the cranium or skull. These lesions put pressure on the adjacent brain tissue causing it...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Intracranial_mass
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wikidoc
Invasive aspergillosis
Invasive aspergillosis Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Aspergillosis is a heterogenous group of infectious diseases caused by Aspergillus (commonly A. fumigatus), a ubiquitous fungus. Aspergillosis may be classified according to the clinical syndrome it causes into allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergic A...
Invasive aspergillosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: nabeel ahmed Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Aspergillosis is a heterogenous group of infectious diseases caused by Aspergillus (commonly A. fumigatus), a ubiquitous fungus. Aspergillosis may be classified accor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Invasive_aspergillosis
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wikidoc
Iron overload disorder
Iron overload disorder # Overview In medicine, iron overload disorders are diseases caused by the accumulation of iron in the body. Organs commonly affected are the liver, heart and endocrine glands. # Causes The causes can be distinguished between primary (generally genetic) and secondary (due to other conditions). ...
Iron overload disorder Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In medicine, iron overload disorders are diseases caused by the accumulation of iron in the body. Organs commonly affected are the liver, heart and endocrine glands.[1] # Causes The causes can be distinguished between primary (gener...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Iron_overload
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wikidoc
Isoniazid how supplied
Isoniazid how supplied # How Supplied Isoniazid Tablets, USP: 100 mg- round, unscored, white tablet debossed “EFF” on one side and “26” on the other; supplied in bottles of 100, NDC 46672-158-10. 300 mg- round, unscored, white tablet debossed “EFF” on one side and “27” on the other; supplied in bottles of 30, NDC 4667...
Isoniazid how supplied Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # How Supplied Isoniazid Tablets, USP: 100 mg- round, unscored, white tablet debossed “EFF” on one side and “26” on the other; supplied in bottles of 100, NDC 46672-158-10. 300 mg- ro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isoniazid_how_supplied
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Isoniazid microbiology
Isoniazid microbiology # Microbiology Two standardized in vitro susceptibility methods are available for testing isoniazid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. The agar proportion method (CDC or NCCLS M24-P) utilizes middlebrook 7HlO medium impregnated with isoniazid at two final concentrations, 0.2 and 1.0 m...
Isoniazid microbiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Microbiology Two standardized in vitro susceptibility methods are available for testing isoniazid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. The agar proportion method (CDC or NC...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isoniazid_microbiology
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wikidoc
Isotopes of molybdenum
Isotopes of molybdenum There are 35 known isotopes of molybdenum (Mo) ranging in atomic mass from 83 to 117, as well as four metastable nuclear isomers. Seven isotopes occur naturally, with atomic masses of 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, and 100. Of these naturally occurring isotopes, five are stable, with atomic masses from ...
Isotopes of molybdenum There are 35 known isotopes of molybdenum (Mo) ranging in atomic mass from 83 to 117, as well as four metastable nuclear isomers. Seven isotopes occur naturally, with atomic masses of 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, and 100. Of these naturally occurring isotopes, five are stable, with atomic masses from...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isotopes_of_molybdenum
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wikidoc
Isotopes of phosphorus
Isotopes of phosphorus Although phosphorus (P) has multiple isotopes, only one of these isotopes is stable 31P; as such, it is considered a monoisotopic element. Standard atomic mass: 30.973762(2) u Radioactive isotopes of phosphorus include: - 32P; a beta-emitter (1.71 MeV) with a half-life of 14.3 days which is used ...
Isotopes of phosphorus Although phosphorus (P) has multiple isotopes, only one of these isotopes is stable 31P; as such, it is considered a monoisotopic element. Standard atomic mass: 30.973762(2) u Radioactive isotopes of phosphorus include: - 32P; a beta-emitter (1.71 MeV) with a half-life of 14.3 days which is used...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isotopes_of_phosphorus
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wikidoc
Isotopes of technetium
Isotopes of technetium Technetium (Tc) is one of the two elements in the first 82 that have no stable isotopes (in fact, it is the lowest-numbered element that is exclusively radioactive); the other such element is promethium. The most stable radioisotopes are 98Tc (half-life of 4.2 Ma), 97Tc (half-life: 2.6 Ma) and 99...
Isotopes of technetium Technetium (Tc) is one of the two elements in the first 82 that have no stable isotopes (in fact, it is the lowest-numbered element that is exclusively radioactive); the other such element is promethium.[1] The most stable radioisotopes are 98Tc (half-life of 4.2 Ma), 97Tc (half-life: 2.6 Ma) an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Isotopes_of_technetium
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wikidoc
Ivermectin description
Ivermectin description # Description STROMECTOL1 (Ivermectin) is a semisynthetic, anthelmintic agent for oral administration. Ivermectin is derived from the avermectins, a class of highly active broad-spectrum, anti-parasitic agents isolated from the fermentation products of Streptomyces avermitilis. Ivermectin is a m...
Ivermectin description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Description STROMECTOL1 (Ivermectin) is a semisynthetic, anthelmintic agent for oral administration. Ivermectin is derived from the avermectins, a class of highly active broad-spectrum, anti-parasitic agents isolated from the fermentation pro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ivermectin_description
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wikidoc
Jackson-Weiss syndrome
Jackson-Weiss syndrome Jackson-Weiss syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by foot abnormalities and the premature fusion of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), which prevents further growth of the skull and affects the shape of the head and face. Many of the characteristic facial features of Jackson-...
Jackson-Weiss syndrome Jackson-Weiss syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by foot abnormalities and the premature fusion of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), which prevents further growth of the skull and affects the shape of the head and face. Many of the characteristic facial features of Jackson...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/JWS
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wikidoc
Jean-Baptiste de Sénac
Jean-Baptiste de Sénac Jean-Baptiste de Sénac (1693-1770) was a French physician who was born in the town of Lombez. Details of his early life are sketchy, however it is generally thought that he studied medicine at the University of Leyden, and later in London, where one of his instructors was John Freind (1675-1728)....
Jean-Baptiste de Sénac Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Jean-Baptiste de Sénac (1693-1770) was a French physician who was born in the town of Lombez. Details of his early life are sketchy, however it is generally thought that he studied medicine at the University of Leyden, and later in London, where...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jean-Baptiste_de_S%C3%A9nac
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wikidoc
Joslin Diabetes Center
Joslin Diabetes Center Joslin Diabetes Center is the world’s largest and most respected diabetes research center, diabetes clinic, and provider of diabetes education. It is located in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area in Boston, Massachusetts. Among the Harvard Medical School Affiliated institutions, Joslin is un...
Joslin Diabetes Center Joslin Diabetes Center is the world’s largest and most respected diabetes research center, diabetes clinic, and provider of diabetes education. It is located in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area in Boston, Massachusetts. Among the Harvard Medical School Affiliated institutions, Joslin is u...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Joslin_Diabetes_Center
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wikidoc
Junctional escape beat
Junctional escape beat A junctional escape beat is a delayed heartbeat originating not from the atrium but from an ectopic focus somewhere in the AV junction. It occurs when the rate of depolarization of the SA node falls below the rate of the AV node. This dysrhythmia also may occur when the electrical impulses from...
Junctional escape beat Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] A junctional escape beat is a delayed heartbeat originating not from the atrium but from an ectopic focus somewhere in the AV junction. It occurs when the rate of depolarization of the SA node falls below the rate of the AV node. This dysrhyth...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Junctional_escape_beat
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wikidoc
Jupiter Classification
Jupiter Classification # Overview In 1803, Giovanni Battista Monteggia, an Italian surgeon, describe the Monteggia fracture as: a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of the head of radius. In 1967, Jose Luis Bado, used the "Monteggia lesion" terminology and classified this injury into the f...
Jupiter Classification Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. # Overview[1][2] In 1803, Giovanni Battista Monteggia, an Italian surgeon, describe the Monteggia fracture as: a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with the dislocation of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Jupiter_Classification
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wikidoc
Kanamycin microbiology
Kanamycin microbiology # Microbiology Kanamycin is a bactericidal antibiotic which acts by inhibiting the synthesis of protein in susceptible microorganisms. Kanamycin sulfate is active in vitro against many strains of Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase and non penicillinase-producing strains), Staphyloco...
Kanamycin microbiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Microbiology Kanamycin is a bactericidal antibiotic which acts by inhibiting the synthesis of protein in susceptible microorganisms. Kanamycin sulfate is active in vitro against many strains of Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kanamycin_microbiology
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wikidoc
Kaplan-Meier estimator
Kaplan-Meier estimator # Overview The Kaplan-Meier estimator (also known as the Product Limit Estimator) estimates the survival function from life-time data. In medical research, it might be used to measure the fraction of patients living for a certain amount of time after surgery. An economist might measure the len...
Kaplan-Meier estimator # Overview The Kaplan-Meier estimator (also known as the Product Limit Estimator) estimates the survival function from life-time data. In medical research, it might be used to measure the fraction of patients living for a certain amount of time after surgery. An economist might measure the len...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kaplan-Meier_Plot
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wikidoc
Karpman drama triangle
Karpman drama triangle The drama triangle is a psychological and social model of human interaction in transactional analysis ("TA") first described by Stephen Karpman, which has become widely acknowledged in psychology and psychotherapy. The model posits three habitual psychological roles (or roleplays) which people of...
Karpman drama triangle The drama triangle is a psychological and social model of human interaction in transactional analysis ("TA") first described by Stephen Karpman, which has become widely acknowledged in psychology and psychotherapy. The model posits three habitual psychological roles (or roleplays) which people o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Karpman_drama_triangle
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wikidoc
Kidney cancer
Kidney cancer overview # Overview Renal cell carcinoma is the most common form of kidney cancer arising from the renal tubule. It is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. Initial treatment is surgery. It is notoriously resistant to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, although some cases respond to immunothe...
Kidney cancer overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Renal cell carcinoma is the most common form of kidney cancer arising from the renal tubule. It is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. Initial treatment is surgery. It is notoriously resistant to radiation therapy and ch...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kidney_cancer_overview
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wikidoc
Kidney transplantation
Kidney transplantation # Overview Kidney (renal) transplantation describes the process of transplanting a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplantation is typically categorized into two groups, depending on the source of the recipient organ, deceased donor (previously known as cadaveric) and...
Kidney transplantation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dildar Hussain, MBBS [2] # Overview Kidney (renal) transplantation describes the process of transplanting a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplantation is typically categorized into t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Kidney_transplant
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wikidoc
La Crosse encephalitis
La Crosse encephalitis Synonyms and keywords: LACV; LaCrosse virus; LAC encephalitis; Lax encephalitis # Overview La Crosse encephalitis is a mild infection of the central nervous system. La Crosse encephalitis virus belongs to the Group V negative-sense ssRNA family of viruses. La Crosse encephalitis virus is also kn...
La Crosse encephalitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2] Synonyms and keywords: LACV; LaCrosse virus; LAC encephalitis; Lax encephalitis # Overview La Crosse encephalitis is a mild infection of the central nervous system. La Crosse encephalitis v...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/LACV
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wikidoc
Lawrence-Moon syndrome
Lawrence-Moon syndrome Synonyms and keywords: LMS # Overview Laurence–Moon syndrome (LMS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder associated with retinitis pigmentosa, spastic paraplegia, hypogonadism and mental retardation. # Historical Perspective It is named after the physicians John Zachariah Laurence and ...
Lawrence-Moon syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: LMS # Overview Laurence–Moon syndrome (LMS) is a rare autosomal recessive[1] genetic disorder associated with retinitis pigmentosa, spastic paraplegia, hypogonadism and mental retardation. # Historical Perspective It is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/LMS
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wikidoc
Lady Dufferin Hospital
Lady Dufferin Hospital Lady Dufferin Hospital is located in Karachi, Sindh, and it is the largest women's hospital in Pakistan. The hospital, which was completed in 1898, was named after the British peeress Lady Dufferin. Benazir Bhutto, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, gave bith to a girl in the hospital in 1990...
Lady Dufferin Hospital Lady Dufferin Hospital is located in Karachi, Sindh, and it is the largest women's hospital in Pakistan. The hospital, which was completed in 1898, was named after the British peeress Lady Dufferin. Benazir Bhutto, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, gave bith to a girl in the hospital in 199...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Lady_Dufferin_Hospital