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wikidoc
Psychosomatic illness
Psychosomatic illness # Overview Psychosomatic disorder, now more commonly referred to as psychophysiologic illness, is an illness whose symptoms are caused by mental processes of the sufferer rather than immediate physiological causes. If a medical examination can find no physical or organic cause, or if an illness ...
Psychosomatic illness Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Psychosomatic disorder, now more commonly referred to as psychophysiologic illness, is an illness whose symptoms are caused by mental processes of the sufferer rather than immediate physiological cause...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Psychophysiologic_Disorders
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Publication committee
Publication committee The Publication Committee is responsible for identifying opportunities for publishing work derived from the Society’s activities. Its main task is to manage the publication of papers from the biennial International Symposium on the Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms. The Committee may als...
Publication committee The Publication Committee is responsible for identifying opportunities for publishing work derived from the Society’s activities. Its main task is to manage the publication of papers from the biennial International Symposium on the Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms. The Committee may al...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Publication_committee
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Pulmonary circulation
Pulmonary circulation Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of t...
Pulmonary circulation Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an A...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Pulmonary_circulation
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wikidoc
Pure red cell aplasia
Pure red cell aplasia Synonyms and keywords: Pure red cell aplasia; Erythroblastopenia. # Overview Pure red cell aplasia was first discovered by Paul Kaznelson in 1922. Pure red cell aplasia may be classified into primary (idiopathic) PRCA and acquired red cell aplasia. It is thought that acquired pure red cell aplasi...
Pure red cell aplasia Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [3] Synonyms and keywords: Pure red cell aplasia; Erythroblastopenia. # Overview Pure red cell aplasia was first discovered by Paul Kaznelson in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Pure_red_cell_aplasia
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wikidoc
Stabilizing selection
Stabilizing selection # Overview Stabilizing selection, also referred to as purifying selection, is a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilizes on a particular trait value. Put another way, extreme values of the character are selected against. This is probably the most...
Stabilizing selection # Overview Stabilizing selection, also referred to as purifying selection, is a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilizes on a particular trait value. Put another way, extreme values of the character are selected against. This is probably the most...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Purifying_selection
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Pyonephrosis
Pyonephrosis overview # Overview Pyonephrosis (Greek pyon "pus" + nephros "kidney") is an infection of obstructed renal collecting system leading to accumulation of pus in the renal collecting system. Pus collects in the renal pelvis and eventually causes destruction of the renal parenchyma. Pyonephrosis is sometimes...
Pyonephrosis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Harsh Vardhan Chawla, M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Pyonephrosis (Greek pyon "pus" + nephros "kidney") is an infection of obstructed renal collecting system leading to accumulation of pus in the renal collecting system. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Pyonephrosis_overview
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wikidoc
Pyrimidine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism Pyrimidine biosynthesis occurs both in the body and through organic synthesis. # De novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine Unlike purines, pyrimidines are assembled before being attached to 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP). The first three enzymes are all coded by the same gene (CAD). # Pyrimidi...
Pyrimidine metabolism Pyrimidine biosynthesis occurs both in the body and through organic synthesis. # De novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine Unlike purines, pyrimidines are assembled before being attached to 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP). The first three enzymes are all coded by the same gene (CAD). # Pyrimid...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Pyrimidine_biosynthesis
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wikidoc
QRS complex alternans
QRS complex alternans Synonyms and keywords: QRS alternans Related chapter: electrical alternans # Overview Electrical alternans is an electrocardiographic phenomenon which describes the beat to beat alternation in the height (ie.e amplitude), duration (the length of the interval) or the direction (up or down) of any ...
QRS complex alternans Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: QRS alternans Related chapter: electrical alternans # Overview Electrical alternans is an electrocardiographic phenomenon which describes the beat to beat alternation in the height (ie.e amplitude), duration (the length of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/QRS_Atlernans
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Reverse transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase In biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into single-stranded DNA. Normal transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA; hence, reverse transcription is the reverse of this. Reverse ...
Reverse transcriptase Template:Protbox In biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into single-stranded DNA. Normal transcription involves the synthesis of RNA from DNA; hence, reverse transcription is the reverse...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/RNA-directed_DNA_polymerase
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wikidoc
RR interval alternans
RR interval alternans Synonyms and keywords: Related chapter: electrical alternans # Overview Electrical alternans is an electrocardiographic phenomenon which describes teh beat to beat alternation in the height (ie.e amplitude), duration (the length of the interval) or the direction (up or down) of any of the EKG com...
RR interval alternans Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Related chapter: electrical alternans # Overview Electrical alternans is an electrocardiographic phenomenon which describes teh beat to beat alternation in the height (ie.e amplitude), duration (the length of the interval)...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/RR_interval_alternans
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wikidoc
Renal vein thrombosis
Renal vein thrombosis For patient information page, click here # Overview Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is the formation of a clot or thrombus obstructing the renal vein. Rayer was the first to describe thrombosis of renal vein in nephrotic patients during postpartum. Based on the onset of symptoms renal vein thrombosis...
Renal vein thrombosis Template:Search infobox For patient information page, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2] # Overview Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is the formation of a clot or thrombus obstructing the renal vein. Rayer was the fir...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/RVT
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wikidoc
Ragulator-Rag complex
Ragulator-Rag complex The Ragulator-Rag complex is a regulator of lysosomal signalling and trafficking in eukaryotic cells, which plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism and growth in response to nutrient availability in the cell. The Ragulator-Rag Complex is composed of five LAMTOR subunits, which work t...
Ragulator-Rag complex The Ragulator-Rag complex is a regulator of lysosomal signalling and trafficking in eukaryotic cells, which plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism and growth in response to nutrient availability in the cell.[1] The Ragulator-Rag Complex is composed of five LAMTOR subunits, which wo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ragulator-Rag_complex
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Ramos-Arroyo syndrome
Ramos-Arroyo syndrome # Overview Ramos-Arroyo syndrome is marked by corneal anesthesia, absence of the peripapillary choriocapillaris and retinal pigment epithelium, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, unusual facial appearance, persistent ductus arteriosus, Hirschsprung disease, and moderate intellectual disability...
Ramos-Arroyo syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jyostna Chouturi, M.B.B.S [2] # Overview Ramos-Arroyo syndrome is marked by corneal anesthesia, absence of the peripapillary choriocapillaris and retinal pigment epithelium, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, un...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ramos-Arroyo_syndrome
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wikidoc
Sampling (statistics)
Sampling (statistics) Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge about a population of concern, especially for the purposes of statistical inference. Each observation measures one or more properties (weight, location, etc.) of ...
Sampling (statistics) Sampling is that part of statistical practice concerned with the selection of individual observations intended to yield some knowledge about a population of concern, especially for the purposes of statistical inference. Each observation measures one or more properties (weight, location, etc.) of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Random_sampling
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Rate-determining step
Rate-determining step The rate-determining step (RDS) is a chemistry term for the slowest step in a chemical reaction. The rate-determining step is often compared to the neck of a funnel; the rate at which water flows through the funnel is determined by the width of the neck, not by the speed at which water is poured i...
Rate-determining step The rate-determining step (RDS) is a chemistry term for the slowest step in a chemical reaction. The rate-determining step is often compared to the neck of a funnel; the rate at which water flows through the funnel is determined by the width of the neck, not by the speed at which water is poured ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rate-determining_step
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wikidoc
Reaction intermediate
Reaction intermediate The IUPAC Gold Book defines a reaction intermediate or an intermediate a molecular entity (atom, ion, molecule...) with a lifetime appreciably longer than a molecular vibration (corresponding to a local potential energy minimum of depth greater than RT; R being the gas constant and T is temperatur...
Reaction intermediate The IUPAC Gold Book[1] defines a reaction intermediate or an intermediate a molecular entity (atom, ion, molecule...) with a lifetime appreciably longer than a molecular vibration (corresponding to a local potential energy minimum of depth greater than RT; R being the gas constant and T is temper...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Reaction_intermediate
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Reactive hypoglycemia
Reactive hypoglycemia Reactive hypoglycemia is a medical term describing recurrent episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia occurring 2-4 hours after a high carbohydrate meal (or oral glucose load). It is thought to represent a consequence of excessive insulin release triggered by the carbohydrate meal but continuing past ...
Reactive hypoglycemia Reactive hypoglycemia is a medical term describing recurrent episodes of symptomatic hypoglycemia occurring 2-4 hours after a high carbohydrate meal (or oral glucose load). It is thought to represent a consequence of excessive insulin release triggered by the carbohydrate meal but continuing past...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Reactive_hypoglycemia
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wikidoc
Rebirthing-Breathwork
Rebirthing-Breathwork Rebirthing-Breathwork is a form of alternative medicine mainly consisting of a breathing technique. It shares a common belief with various other therapies called Rebirthing, with both groups believing that human birth is a traumatic event (see birth trauma) and that reviewing or revisiting this e...
Rebirthing-Breathwork Rebirthing-Breathwork is a form of alternative medicine mainly consisting of a breathing technique. It shares a common belief with various other therapies called Rebirthing, with both groups believing that human birth is a traumatic event (see birth trauma) and that reviewing or revisiting this ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rebirthing-Breathwork
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wikidoc
Recreational drug use
Recreational drug use # Overview Recreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational purposes rather than for work, medical or spiritual purposes, although the distinction is not always clear. At least one psychopharmacologist who has studied this field refers to it as the 'Fourth Drive,' arguing t...
Recreational drug use Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Recreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational purposes rather than for work, medical or spiritual purposes, although the distinction is not always clear. At least one psychopharmacologist who has studied this...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Recreational_drug
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wikidoc
Rectus femoris muscle
Rectus femoris muscle # Overview The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. (The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius (deep to the rectus femoris), and the vastus lateralis. All four combine to form the quadriceps tendon, which inserts into the patella and cont...
Rectus femoris muscle Template:Infobox Muscle # Overview The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. (The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius (deep to the rectus femoris), and the vastus lateralis. All four combine to form the quadriceps tendon, which inserts ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rectus_femoris
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wikidoc
Regenerative medicine
Regenerative medicine # Overview Regenerative medicine is the "process of replacing or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function". This field holds the promise of regenerating damaged tissues and organs in the body by replacing damaged tissue and/or by stimulating the body's o...
Regenerative medicine Editor-in-Chief: Robert G. Schwartz, M.D. [1], Piedmont Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, P.A.; # Overview Regenerative medicine is the "process of replacing or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function".[1] This field holds the promise of regenerati...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Regenerative_medicine
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wikidoc
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis # Overview Acid-base status of an organism is determined by the extracellular fluid (ECF) hydrogen ion concentration since pH is equal to minus log of i.e. pH = -log. Normal pH of human blood is 7.40 (7.35-7.45). Acidosis raises ECF thereby lowering pH whereas alkalosis lowers ECF thereby ra...
Respiratory alkalosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Madhu Sigdel M.B.B.S.[2] Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [3], Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [4] # Overview Acid-base status of an organism is determined by the extracellular fluid (ECF) hydrogen ion concentration [H+] since pH ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Respiratory_Alkalosis
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Reverse osmosis plant
Reverse osmosis plant A reverse osmosis plant is a manufacturing plant where the process of reverse osmosis takes place. An average modern reverse osmosis plant needs six kilowatt-hours of electricity to desalinate one cubic metre of water. The process also results in an amount of salty briny waste. The challenge for t...
Reverse osmosis plant A reverse osmosis plant is a manufacturing plant where the process of reverse osmosis takes place. An average modern reverse osmosis plant needs six kilowatt-hours of electricity to desalinate one cubic metre of water.[citation needed] The process also results in an amount of salty briny waste. T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Reverse_osmosis_plant
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wikidoc
Reverse transcription
Reverse transcription # Overview Reverse transcription is the process of making a double stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule from a single stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) template. It is called reverse transcription as it acts in the opposite or reverse direction to transcription. This idea was very unpopula...
Reverse transcription # Overview Reverse transcription is the process of making a double stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule from a single stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) template. It is called reverse transcription as it acts in the opposite or reverse direction to transcription. This idea was very unpopula...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Reverse_transcription
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wikidoc
Rho family of GTPases
Rho family of GTPases # Overview The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (more specific, a GTPase), and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have been shown to regulate many aspects of intracellular actin dynamics, and are found in all eukaryo...
Rho family of GTPases # Overview The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (more specific, a GTPase), and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have been shown to regulate many aspects of intracellular actin dynamics, and are found in all eukaryo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rho
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Ribavirin description
Ribavirin description # Description REBETOL (ribavirin), is a synthetic nucleoside analogue (purine analogue). The chemical name of ribavirin is 1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide and has the following structural formula (see Figure 1). Ribavirin is a white, crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in...
Ribavirin description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Description REBETOL (ribavirin), is a synthetic nucleoside analogue (purine analogue). The chemical name of ribavirin is 1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide and has the following structural formula (see Figure 1). Ribavirin is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ribavirin_description
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wikidoc
Rickettsia prowazekii
Rickettsia prowazekii Rickettsia prowazekii is a species of gram negative, rod shaped, aerobic bacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice and fleas. R. prowazekii is often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer; the natural life cycle of the bacteria ...
Rickettsia prowazekii Rickettsia prowazekii is a species of gram negative, rod shaped, aerobic bacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice and fleas. R. prowazekii is often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer; the natural life cycle of the bacteria...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rickettsia_prowazekii
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wikidoc
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rickettsia rickettsii # Overview Rickettsia rickettsii (abbreviated as R. rickettsii) is a unicellular, Gram-negative coccobacillus (plural coccobacilli) that is native to the New World. It belongs to the spotted fever group (SFG) of Rickettsia and is most commonly known as the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spott...
Rickettsia rickettsii Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ilan Dock, B.S. # Overview Rickettsia rickettsii (abbreviated as R. rickettsii) is a unicellular, Gram-negative coccobacillus (plural coccobacilli) that is native to the New World. It belongs to the spotted fever ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rickettsia_rickettsii
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wikidoc
Rifabutin description
Rifabutin description # Description MYCOBUTIN Capsules contain the antimycobacterial agent rifabutin, which is a semisynthetic ansamycin antibiotic derived from rifamycin S. MYCOBUTIN Capsules for oral administration contain 150 mg of rifabutin, USP, per capsule, along with the inactive ingredients microcrystalline ce...
Rifabutin description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Description MYCOBUTIN Capsules contain the antimycobacterial agent rifabutin, which is a semisynthetic ansamycin antibiotic derived from rifamycin S. MYCOBUTIN Capsules for oral admi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rifabutin_description
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wikidoc
Rifampin how supplied
Rifampin how supplied # How Supplied 150 mg maroon and scarlet capsules imprinted "RIFADIN 150." Bottles of 30 (NDC 0068-0510-30) 300 mg maroon and scarlet capsules imprinted "RIFADIN 300." Bottles of 60 (NDC 0068-0508-60) Bottles of 100 (NDC 0068-0508-61) ## Storage Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15–3...
Rifampin how supplied Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # How Supplied 150 mg maroon and scarlet capsules imprinted "RIFADIN 150." Bottles of 30 (NDC 0068-0510-30) 300 mg maroon and scarlet capsules imprinted "RIFADIN 300." Bottles of 60 (N...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rifampin_how_supplied
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wikidoc
Rifampin microbiology
Rifampin microbiology # Microbiology ## Mechanism of Action Rifampin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. ## Drug Resistance Organisms resistant to rifamp...
Rifampin microbiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Microbiology ## Mechanism of Action Rifampin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Specifically, it interacts with bact...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rifampin_microbiology
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wikidoc
Rifaximin description
Rifaximin description # Description XIFAXAN tablets contain rifaximin, a non-aminoglycoside semi-synthetic, nonsystemic antibiotic derived from rifamycin SV. Rifaximin is a structural analog of rifampin. The chemical name for rifaximin is (2S,16Z,18E,20S,21S,22R,23R,24R,25S,26S,27S,28E)-5,6,21,23,25-pentahydroxy-27-m...
Rifaximin description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Description XIFAXAN tablets contain rifaximin, a non-aminoglycoside semi-synthetic, nonsystemic antibiotic derived from rifamycin SV. Rifaximin is a structural analog of rifampin. T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rifaximin_description
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wikidoc
Right border of heart
Right border of heart # Overview The right margin of the heart (right border of heart) is long, and is formed by the right atrium above and the right ventricle below. - The atrial portion is rounded and almost vertical; it is situated behind the third, fourth, and fifth right costal cartilages about 1.25 cm. from the ...
Right border of heart Template:Infobox Anatomy Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The right margin of the heart (right border of heart) is long, and is formed by the right atrium above and the right ventricle below. - The atrial portion is rounded and almost vertical...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Right_border_of_heart
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wikidoc
Ritonavir description
Ritonavir description # Description NORVIR (ritonavir) is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease with activity against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) type 1. Ritonavir is chemically designated as 10-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1- -3,6-dioxo-8,11-bis(phenylmethyl)-2,4,7,12- tetraazatridecan-13-oic acid, 5-thiazo...
Ritonavir description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Description NORVIR (ritonavir) is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease with activity against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) type 1. Ritonavir is chemically designated as 10-Hydroxy...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ritonavir_description
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Rockefeller drug laws
Rockefeller drug laws The Rockefeller drug laws is the term used to denote the statutes dealing with the sale and possession of "narcotic" drugs in the New York State Penal Law. The laws are named after Nelson Rockefeller, who was the state's governor at the time the laws were adopted. Rockefeller, a staunch supporter ...
Rockefeller drug laws The Rockefeller drug laws is the term used to denote the statutes dealing with the sale and possession of "narcotic" drugs in the New York State Penal Law. The laws are named after Nelson Rockefeller, who was the state's governor at the time the laws were adopted. Rockefeller, a staunch supporter...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Rockefeller_drug_laws
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wikidoc
ST2 cardiac biomarker
ST2 cardiac biomarker The ST2 cardiac biomarker is a protein biomarker of cardiac stress encoded by the IL1RL1 gene. ST2 signals the presence and severity of adverse cardiac remodeling and tissue fibrosis, which occurs in response to myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, or worsening heart failure. ST2 provid...
ST2 cardiac biomarker The ST2 cardiac biomarker is a protein biomarker of cardiac stress encoded by the IL1RL1 gene. ST2 signals the presence and severity of adverse cardiac remodeling and tissue fibrosis, which occurs in response to myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, or worsening heart failure.[1][2] ST2...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ST2_cardiac_biomarker
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wikidoc
Sulfonylurea receptor
Sulfonylurea receptor In molecular biology, the sulfonylurea receptors (SUR) are membrane proteins which are the molecular targets of the sulfonylurea class of antidiabetic drugs whose mechanism of action is to promote insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. More specifically, SUR proteins are subunits of the inwa...
Sulfonylurea receptor In molecular biology, the sulfonylurea receptors (SUR) are membrane proteins which are the molecular targets of the sulfonylurea class of antidiabetic drugs whose mechanism of action is to promote insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. More specifically, SUR proteins are subunits of the inw...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/SUR1
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wikidoc
Sacral spinal nerve 1
Sacral spinal nerve 1 The sacral spinal nerve 1 (S1) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.. It originates from the spinal column from below the 1st body of the sacrum # Muscles S1 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S1. They are not innervated with S1 as single origin, but part...
Sacral spinal nerve 1 The sacral spinal nerve 1 (S1) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.[1]. It originates from the spinal column from below the 1st body of the sacrum # Muscles S1 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S1. They are not innervated with S1 as single origin, but ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sacral_spinal_nerve_1
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wikidoc
Sacral spinal nerve 2
Sacral spinal nerve 2 The sacral spinal nerve 2 (S2) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.. It originates from the spinal column from below the 2nd body of the sacrum # Muscles S2 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S2. They are not innervated with S2 as single origin, but part...
Sacral spinal nerve 2 The sacral spinal nerve 2 (S2) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.[1]. It originates from the spinal column from below the 2nd body of the sacrum # Muscles S2 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S2. They are not innervated with S2 as single origin, but ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sacral_spinal_nerve_2
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wikidoc
Sacral spinal nerve 3
Sacral spinal nerve 3 The sacral spinal nerve 3 (S3) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.. It originates from the spinal column from below the 3rd body of the sacrum # Muscles S3 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S3. They are not innervated with S3 as single origin, but part...
Sacral spinal nerve 3 The sacral spinal nerve 3 (S3) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.[1]. It originates from the spinal column from below the 3rd body of the sacrum # Muscles S3 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S3. They are not innervated with S3 as single origin, but ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sacral_spinal_nerve_3
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wikidoc
Sacral spinal nerve 4
Sacral spinal nerve 4 The sacral spinal nerve 4 (S4) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.. It originates from the spinal column from below the 4th body of the sacrum # Muscles S4 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S4. They are not innervated with S4 as single origin, but part...
Sacral spinal nerve 4 The sacral spinal nerve 4 (S4) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment.[1]. It originates from the spinal column from below the 4th body of the sacrum # Muscles S4 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S4. They are not innervated with S4 as single origin, but ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sacral_spinal_nerve_4
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wikidoc
Safe Patient Handling
Safe Patient Handling The 10th Annual Safe Patient Handling and Movement Conference will begin March 29, 2010 and will run through April 2. The event, sponsored in part by the American Nurses Association (ANA), will be held at Lake Buena Vista, FL at the Buena Vista Palace Hotel & Spa in the Walt Disney World Resort. I...
Safe Patient Handling The 10th Annual Safe Patient Handling and Movement Conference will begin March 29, 2010 and will run through April 2. The event, sponsored in part by the American Nurses Association (ANA), will be held at Lake Buena Vista, FL at the Buena Vista Palace Hotel & Spa in the Walt Disney World Resort. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Safe_Patient_Handling
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wikidoc
Saidu Group Hospitals
Saidu Group Hospitals Saidu Group of Hospitals swat is the 5th largest hospital of khyber pukhtoonkhwa Pakistan. It is located on saidu road and just a couple of mile away from Mingora the main city of swat. Saidu Group of swat is consist of two wings,The central wing and Saidu wing.
Saidu Group Hospitals Saidu Group of Hospitals swat is the 5th largest hospital of khyber pukhtoonkhwa Pakistan. It is located on saidu road and just a couple of mile away from Mingora the main city of swat. Saidu Group of swat is consist of two wings,The central wing and Saidu wing.
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Saidu_Group_Hospitals
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wikidoc
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui Prof. Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui (1897-1994) was a leading Pakistani scientist in natural products chemistry, an eminent literary personality, a painter, and a great connoisseur of music. He is the pioneer in extracting chemical compunds from the Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Rauwolfia, and is also...
Salimuzzaman Siddiqui Template:Infobox Scientist Prof. Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui (1897-1994) was a leading Pakistani scientist in natural products chemistry, an eminent literary personality, a painter, and a great connoisseur of music. He is the pioneer in extracting chemical compunds from the Neem (Azadirachta indica...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Salimuzzaman_Siddiqui
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wikidoc
Sandbox:Amira Albawri
Sandbox:Amira Albawri - Acut otitis media. In general,approximately 80% of children have spontaneous relief of AOM within 2–14 days who absence of suspected complications it follow initial treatment of symptomatic (analgesia and antipyretics) as fever and ear pain.If severe,recurrent infections or persistent give antib...
Sandbox:Amira Albawri - Acut otitis media. In general,approximately 80% of children have spontaneous relief of AOM within 2–14 days who absence of suspected complications it follow initial treatment of symptomatic (analgesia and antipyretics) as fever and ear pain.If severe,recurrent infections or persistent give anti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:Amira_Albawri
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wikidoc
Sandbox:Leptospirosis
Sandbox:Leptospirosis # Overview Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disorder with ubiquitous distribution,common worldwide, especially in developing countries caused by Leptospira species. Leptospirosis becoming a global public health problem, as evidenced by recent spike in the incidence rates and multiple outbrea...
Sandbox:Leptospirosis # Overview Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disorder with ubiquitous distribution,common worldwide, especially in developing countries caused by Leptospira species. Leptospirosis becoming a global public health problem, as evidenced by recent spike in the incidence rates and multiple outbrea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:Leptospirosis
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wikidoc
Sandbox:Marufa Marium
Sandbox:Marufa Marium # Overview Von Willebrand’s Disease: # Historical Perspective Von Willebrand’s Disease(vWD) was first discovered by Erik Adolf von Willebrand, a Finnish Physician, in 1926, in a Swedish-language article “Hereditär pseudohemofili” ("Hereditary pseudohemophilia") after assessing a 5 year-old Finni...
Sandbox:Marufa Marium # Overview Von Willebrand’s Disease: # Historical Perspective Von Willebrand’s Disease(vWD) was first discovered by Erik Adolf von Willebrand, a Finnish Physician, in 1926, in a Swedish-language article “Hereditär pseudohemofili” ("Hereditary pseudohemophilia") after assessing a 5 year-old Finni...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:Marufa_Marium
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wikidoc
Sandbox: Hypertension
Sandbox: Hypertension # 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults ## Accurate Measurement of Blood Pressure (BP) in the Office ## Out-of-Office and Self-Monitoring of Blood Pressure (BP) ## Masked and Wh...
Sandbox: Hypertension Template:Hypertension - ACC -2017 Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arzu Kalayci, M.D. [2] # 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_Hypertension
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wikidoc
Sandbox: IMPROVEScore
Sandbox: IMPROVEScore function calcScore(){ var score = 0; if(document.forms.checked == 1){score += 3;} if(document.forms.checked == 1){score += 2;} if(document.forms.checked == 1){score += 2;} if(document.forms.checked == 1){score += 2;} if(document.forms.checked == 1){score += 1;} if(document.forms.checked == 1){scor...
Sandbox: IMPROVEScore function calcScore(){ var score = 0; if(document.forms["IMPROVEDDScore"]["input1"].checked == 1){score += 3;} if(document.forms["IMPROVEDDScore"]["input2"].checked == 1){score += 2;} if(document.forms["IMPROVEDDScore"]["input3"].checked == 1){score += 2;} if(document.forms["IMPROVEDDScore"]["inpu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_IMPROVEScore
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wikidoc
Sandbox: Leukocytosis
Sandbox: Leukocytosis Synonyms and keywords: Elevated white blood cell count; Right-shift leukocytosis; Left-leukocytosis # Overview Leukocytosis is an elevation of the white blood cell count above the normal range (greater than 11,000 per mm3). Leukocytosis is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response, most com...
Sandbox: Leukocytosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: Elevated white blood cell count; Right-shift leukocytosis; Left-leukocytosis # Overview Leukocytosis is an elevation of the white blood cell count above ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_Leukocytosis
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wikidoc
Sandbox: Sima NourAli
Sandbox: Sima NourAli # Overview . It is important to realize that even hemothorax can appear as a hemorrhagic effusion with lower levels of hematocrit because there is a significant dilution in 3–4 days . Moreover, levels of hematocrit in the blood need to be interpreted with knowledge of the phenomenon of postmortem...
Sandbox: Sima NourAli # Overview [It is defined as a pleural fluid with hematocrit greater than 50% of the patient’s blood, although in cases of long standing haemothorax due to haemodilution, hematocrit level can be lower mimicking a hemorrhagic exudation. Therefore a hematocrit of 25-50% of the patients blood can ra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_Sima_NourAli
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wikidoc
Sandbox: foreverbones
Sandbox: foreverbones # Overview # Historical Perspective # Classification # Pathophysiology # Causes # Differentiating Non Small Cell Lung Cancer from Other Diseases # Epidemiology and Demographics # Risk Factors # Screening # Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis # Diagnosis Staging | History and S...
Sandbox: foreverbones Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] # Overview # Historical Perspective # Classification # Pathophysiology # Causes # Differentiating Non Small Cell Lung Cancer from Other Diseases # Epidemiology and Demographi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_foreverbones
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wikidoc
Sandbox: hyperthyroid
Sandbox: hyperthyroid 'For the WikiDoc patient information for this topic, click here # Overview Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating the basal metabolic rate of the body. Over secretion of thyroid hormones can lead to a wide variety of syndromes depending on the cause of the hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidis...
Sandbox: hyperthyroid Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2] 'For the WikiDoc patient information for this topic, click here # Overview Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating the basal metabolic rate of the body. Over secretion of thyroid ho...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_hyperthyroid
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wikidoc
Sandbox: oral candida
Sandbox: oral candida # Pathophysiology ## Pathogenesis Candida is a normal commensal of skin and mucous membranes. A competent immune system and an intact regenerating healthy skin prevent the virulence of Candida. ### Candida Virulence factors The main virulence factors that mediate the infection: - Secreting mole...
Sandbox: oral candida # Pathophysiology ## Pathogenesis Candida is a normal commensal of skin and mucous membranes. A competent immune system and an intact regenerating healthy skin prevent the virulence of Candida. ### Candida Virulence factors The main virulence factors that mediate the infection:[1] - Secreting m...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox:_oral_candida
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wikidoc
Sandbox Diclofenamide
Sandbox Diclofenamide # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on...
Sandbox Diclofenamide Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intende...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_Diclofenamide
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wikidoc
Sandbox Impetigo ammu
Sandbox Impetigo ammu # Impetigo - Impetigo, adult - Empiric antimicrobial therapy (covering methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and β-hemolytic streptococci) - Limited number of lesions - Preferred regimen: Mupirocin topically bid for 5 days OR Retapamulin topically bid for 5 days - Numerous lesions or outb...
Sandbox Impetigo ammu ## Impetigo - Impetigo, adult[1][2] - Empiric antimicrobial therapy (covering methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and β-hemolytic streptococci) - Limited number of lesions - Preferred regimen: Mupirocin topically bid for 5 days OR Retapamulin topically bid for 5 days - Numerous lesions ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_Impetigo_ammu
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wikidoc
Sandbox ammu MEN 1 PE
Sandbox ammu MEN 1 PE # Overview # Physical Examination ## Appearance of the Patient - This section should give a general description of what a patient with the disease you are describing may look like. You may include a physical description such as obese, thin, cachectic, well appearing, ill appearing, diaphoretic ...
Sandbox ammu MEN 1 PE Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Overview # Physical Examination ## Appearance of the Patient - This section should give a general description of what a patient with the disease you are describing may look like. You ma...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_ammu_MEN_1_PE
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wikidoc
Sandbox brain abscess
Sandbox brain abscess # Overview Treatment of brain abscess requires a multidisciplinary approach to delineate extent of infection, plan stereotactic trajectory, aspirate purulent materials, lower intracranial pressure, identify causative pathogen, and administer appropriate antibiotics. # Antimicrobial Therapy – Emp...
Sandbox brain abscess Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Treatment of brain abscess requires a multidisciplinary approach to delineate extent of infection, plan stereotactic trajectory, aspirate purulent materials, lower intracranial pressure, identify causative pathogen, and administer app...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_brain_abscess
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wikidoc
Sandbox drugconverted
Sandbox drugconverted # DIAMOX®SEQUELS® (Acetazolamide Extended-Release Capsules) Rx only Revised JULY 2008 # DESCRIPTION: DIAMOX SEQUELS (Acetazolamide Extended-Release Capsules) are an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. DIAMOX is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline, odorless powder, weakly acidi...
Sandbox drugconverted # DIAMOX®SEQUELS® (Acetazolamide Extended-Release Capsules) Rx only Revised JULY 2008 11001356 # DESCRIPTION: DIAMOX SEQUELS (Acetazolamide Extended-Release Capsules) are an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. DIAMOX is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline, odorless powder, wea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_drugconverted
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wikidoc
Sandbox elastofibroma
Sandbox elastofibroma # Patholophysiology ## Microscopy In general, the tumor is an ill defined, nonencapsulated, rubbery, and firm, white lesion with interspersed fat. The tumors can be quite large (up to 20 cm), although most are around 5 cm. By microscopic view, there is an admixture of heavy dense bands of colla...
Sandbox elastofibroma # Patholophysiology ## Microscopy In general, the tumor is an ill defined, nonencapsulated, rubbery, and firm, white lesion with interspersed fat. The tumors can be quite large (up to 20 cm), although most are around 5 cm. [1] By microscopic view, there is an admixture of heavy dense bands of co...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_elastofibroma
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wikidoc
Sandbox encephalitis2
Sandbox encephalitis2 # Overview Acyclovir (10–20 mg/kg IV q8h) should be administered to all patients with suspected encephalitis as early as possible to reduce the risk of neurologic sequelae. Doxycycline should be added to empirical regimen if epidemiological or clinical clues suggest rickettsial or ehrlichial inf...
Sandbox encephalitis2 Template:Encephalitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]; João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3] # Overview Acyclovir (10–20 mg/kg IV q8h) should be administered to all patients with suspected encephalitis as early as possible to ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_encephalitis2
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wikidoc
Sandbox endocarditis2
Sandbox endocarditis2 # Medical Therapy ## Pharmacotherapy ### Community-Acquired Meningitis †Add Ampicillin 2 g IV q4h (50 mg/kg IV q6h for children) if meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenesis also suspected. Adapted from Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis. Lancet. 2012;380(9854):1693-702. ### Emp...
Sandbox endocarditis2 # Medical Therapy ## Pharmacotherapy ### Community-Acquired Meningitis †Add Ampicillin 2 g IV q4h (50 mg/kg IV q6h for children) if meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenesis also suspected. Adapted from Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis. Lancet. 2012;380(9854):1693-702.[1] ### ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_endocarditis2
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wikidoc
Sandbox endocarditis3
Sandbox endocarditis3 # Empirical Antibiotic Therapy - Although antibiotic therapy for subacute disease can be delayed till the result of blood culture, the rapid progression of acute cases necessitate the start of empirical treatment antibiotic therapy once the blood cultures have been collected. - Empirical therapy ...
Sandbox endocarditis3 # Empirical Antibiotic Therapy - Although antibiotic therapy for subacute disease can be delayed till the result of blood culture, the rapid progression of acute cases necessitate the start of empirical treatment antibiotic therapy once the blood cultures have been collected. - Empirical therapy ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_endocarditis3
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wikidoc
Sandbox osteomyelitis
Sandbox osteomyelitis # Acute Osteomyelitis in Adults – Empiric Therapy Although osteomyelitis in adults usually has a subacute or chronic course, acute hematogenous seeding may occur in elderly patients, intravenous drug users, or patients with indwelling catheters. The most commonly isolated microorganisms are Stap...
Sandbox osteomyelitis # Acute Osteomyelitis in Adults – Empiric Therapy Although osteomyelitis in adults usually has a subacute or chronic course, acute hematogenous seeding may occur in elderly patients, intravenous drug users, or patients with indwelling catheters. The most commonly isolated microorganisms are Stap...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sandbox_osteomyelitis
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wikidoc
Save Huddersfield NHS
Save Huddersfield NHS Save Huddersfield NHS is a broad based campaign against the Kirklees and Calderdale NHS Trust Board's proposals to close St. Lukes Hospital and transfer services (including maternity care) from Huddersfield to Halifax and Wakefield, led by Dr. Jackie Grunsell. The campaign was initially formed aft...
Save Huddersfield NHS Save Huddersfield NHS is a broad based campaign against the Kirklees and Calderdale NHS Trust Board's proposals to close St. Lukes Hospital and transfer services (including maternity care) from Huddersfield to Halifax and Wakefield, led by Dr. Jackie Grunsell. The campaign was initially formed af...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Save_Huddersfield_NHS
582e9c7a630b29dc49f37ff3ab818ce91403ad1c
wikidoc
Scheuermann's disease
Scheuermann's disease Synonyms and keywords: Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis; spinal osteochondrosis; juvenile osteochondrosis of spine; Calve disease; Sherman's Disease # Overview Scheuermann’s disease is a self-limiting skeletal disorder of childhood. It is also known as Sherman's Disease (since some people have diff...
Scheuermann's disease Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: Scheuermann juvenile kyphosis; spinal osteochondrosis; juvenile osteochondrosis of spine; Calve disease; Sherman's Disease # Overview Scheuermann’s disease is a se...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scheuermann%27s_Disease
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wikidoc
Scientific literature
Scientific literature Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into th...
Scientific literature Scientific literature comprises scientific publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the natural and social sciences, and within a scientific field is often abbreviated as the literature. Academic publishing is the process of placing the results of one's research into t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scientific_literature
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wikidoc
Scientific misconduct
Scientific misconduct - Danish Definition: "Intention(al) or gross negligence leading to fabrication of the scientific message or a false credit or emphasis given to a scientist" - Swedish Definition: "Intention(al) distortion of the research process by fabrication of data, text, hypothesis, or methods from another res...
Scientific misconduct Template:Inappropriate toneScientific misconduct is the violation of the standard codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in professional scientific research. A Lancet review on Handling of Scientific Misconduct in Scandinavian countries provides the following sample definitions: [1] - D...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scientific_misconduct
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wikidoc
Scientific skepticism
Scientific skepticism Scientific skepticism or rational skepticism (also spelled scepticism), sometimes referred to as skeptical inquiry, is a scientific or practical, epistemological position in which one questions the veracity of claims lacking empirical evidence. In practice, the term is most commonly applied to the...
Scientific skepticism Scientific skepticism or rational skepticism (also spelled scepticism), sometimes referred to as skeptical inquiry, is a scientific or practical, epistemological position in which one questions the veracity of claims lacking empirical evidence. In practice, the term is most commonly applied to th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scientific_skepticism
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wikidoc
Scrotal mass
Scrotal mass overview # Overview Scrotal mass may be classified into two subtypes: testicular and extratesticular.Scrotal masses may be differentiated according to clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging features, histological features, and genetic studies from other diseases that cause testicular mass with di...
Scrotal mass overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Niloofarsadaat Eshaghhosseiny, MD[2]Sujit Routray, M.D. [3] # Overview Scrotal mass may be classified into two subtypes: testicular and extratesticular.Scrotal masses may be differentiated according to clinical featu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scrotal_mass_overview
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wikidoc
Scrub typhus
Scrub typhus overview # Overview Scrub typhus or Bush typhus is a form of typhus caused by the intracellular parasite Orientia tsutsugamushi, a Gram-negative α-proteobacterium of family Rickettsiaceae first isolated and identified in 1930 in Japan. Although the disease is similar in presentation to other forms of typ...
Scrub typhus overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Scrub typhus or Bush typhus is a form of typhus caused by the intracellular parasite Orientia tsutsugamushi, a Gram-negative α-proteobacterium of family Rickettsiaceae first isolated and identified in 1930 in Japan.[1][2] Although th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Scrub_typhus_overview
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wikidoc
Seborrheic dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis Synonyms and keywords: Seborrheic eczema; Seborrhea; Cradle cap # Overview Seborrheic eczema (also known as Seborrheic dermatitis, seborrhea) is a skin disorder affecting the scalp, face, and trunk. Seborrheic dermatitis causes flaky, itchy, red skin and temporary hair loss. It particularly affec...
Seborrheic dermatitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2]; Aysha Aslam, M.B.B.S[3] Synonyms and keywords: Seborrheic eczema; Seborrhea; Cradle cap # Overview Seborrheic eczema (also known as Seborrheic dermatitis, seborrhea) is a skin di...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Seborrheic_dermatitis
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wikidoc
Semecarpus anacardium
Semecarpus anacardium Semecarpus Anacardium (the Oriental Anacardium) is a native of India and is closely related to the cashew. It is known as bhallatak in India and was called "marking nuts" by Europeans, because it was used by washermen to mark the cloths before washing, as it imparted water insoluble mark to the cl...
Semecarpus anacardium Semecarpus Anacardium (the Oriental Anacardium) is a native of India and is closely related to the cashew.[1][2] It is known as bhallatak in India and was called "marking nuts" by Europeans, because it was used by washermen to mark the cloths before washing, as it imparted water insoluble mark to...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Semecarpus_anacardium
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wikidoc
Senior-Løken syndrome
Senior-Løken syndrome # Overview Senior-Løken syndrome is a congenital eye disorder, first characterized in 1961. It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by nephronophthisis and progressive eye disease. # Pathophysiology The cause of Senior-Loken syndrome type 5 has been identified to mutation in the...
Senior-Løken syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Senior-Løken syndrome is a congenital eye disorder, first characterized in 1961.[1][2][3] It is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by nephronophthisis and progressive eye disease.[4] # Pathophysiology The cause of Sen...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Senior-Loken_Syndrome
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wikidoc
Sensory defensiveness
Sensory defensiveness Sensory defensiveness is a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical persons. It is not uncommon for individuals to have a few mild sensory defensive traits. However, when mul...
Sensory defensiveness Sensory defensiveness is a condition defined as having "a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating" to neurotypical persons.[1] It is not uncommon for individuals to have a few mild sensory defensive traits. However, when...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sensory_defensiveness
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wikidoc
Sepiapterin reductase
Sepiapterin reductase Sepiapterin reductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPR gene. # Function Sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin:NADP+ oxidoreductase; EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of various carbonyl substances, including derivatives of pteridines, and belongs to a gr...
Sepiapterin reductase Sepiapterin reductase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPR gene.[1][2][3] # Function Sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin:NADP+ oxidoreductase; EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of various carbonyl substances, including derivatives of pteridines, and belon...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sepiapterin_reductase
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wikidoc
Septo-optic dysplasia
Septo-optic dysplasia # Overview Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) (de Morsier syndrome) is a congenital malformation syndrome manifested by hypoplasia (underdevelopment) of the optic nerve, hypopituitarism, and absence of the septum pellucidum (a midline part of the brain). In a severe case, this results in pituitary hormo...
Septo-optic dysplasia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Assosciate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S # Overview Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) (de Morsier syndrome)[1][2] is a congenital malformation syndrome manifested by hypoplasia (underdevelopment) of the optic nerve, hypopituitarism, an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Septo-optic_dysplasia
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wikidoc
Serum response factor
Serum response factor Serum response factor, also known as SRF, is a transcription factor protein. # Function Gene ID: 6722 SRF serum response factor, "This gene encodes a ubiquitous nuclear protein that stimulates both cell proliferation and differentiation. It is a member of the MADS (MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and S...
Serum response factor Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Henry A. Hoff Serum response factor, also known as SRF, is a transcription factor protein.[1] # Function Gene ID: 6722 SRF serum response factor, "This gene encodes a ubiquitous nuclear protein that stimulates both cell proliferation and differentiation. It is a me...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Serum_response_factor
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wikidoc
Sharpless epoxidation
Sharpless epoxidation The Sharpless epoxidation reaction is an enantioselective chemical reaction to prepare 2,3-epoxyalcohols from primary and secondary allylic alcohols. This reaction gives good yields and enantioselectivities over a broad range of substrates. The oxidizing agent is t-butylperoxide. Enantioselectiv...
Sharpless epoxidation The Sharpless epoxidation reaction is an enantioselective chemical reaction to prepare 2,3-epoxyalcohols from primary and secondary allylic alcohols.[1][2] This reaction gives good yields and enantioselectivities over a broad range of substrates. The oxidizing agent is t-butylperoxide. Enantios...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sharpless_epoxidation
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wikidoc
Shope papilloma virus
Shope papilloma virus The Shope papillomavirus or cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) is a type I virus under the Baltimore scheme, possessing a nonsegmented dsDNA genome. It infects rabbits, causing keratinous carcinomas, typically on or near the animal’s head. These tumors can become large enough that they inte...
Shope papilloma virus The Shope papillomavirus or cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) is a type I virus under the Baltimore scheme, possessing a nonsegmented dsDNA genome.[1] It infects rabbits, causing keratinous carcinomas, typically on or near the animal’s head. These tumors can become large enough that they ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Shope_papilloma_virus
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wikidoc
Signal-to-noise ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio Signal-to-noise ratio (often abbreviated SNR or S/N) is an electrical engineering concept, also used in other fields (such as scientific measurements, biological cell signaling and oral lore), defined as the ratio of a signal power to the noise power corrupting the signal. In less technical terms,...
Signal-to-noise ratio Signal-to-noise ratio (often abbreviated SNR or S/N) is an electrical engineering concept, also used in other fields (such as scientific measurements, biological cell signaling and oral lore), defined as the ratio of a signal power to the noise power corrupting the signal. In less technical terms...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Signal-to-noise_ratio
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wikidoc
Silver Spring monkeys
Silver Spring monkeys The Silver Spring monkeys were 17 monkeys kept in small wire cages inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland, by Dr. Edward Taub, who was researching neuroplasticity with a grant from the National Institute of Health (NIH). Taub had cut sensory ganglia that supplied ne...
Silver Spring monkeys Template:Animal testing The Silver Spring monkeys were 17 monkeys kept in small wire cages inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland, by Dr. Edward Taub, who was researching neuroplasticity with a grant from the National Institute of Health (NIH). Taub had cut sensory...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Silver_Spring_monkeys
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wikidoc
Sinusitis in children
Sinusitis in children Synonyms and keywords: Sinusitis in Children, Pediatric Rhinosinusitis, Pediatric Sinusitis, Sinusitis in Kids # Overview - Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the paranasal and nasal sinus mucosae which is a very common condition encountered in children. # Historical Perspective - The term Rhi...
Sinusitis in children Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Archana Vajjala, M.B.B.S Synonyms and keywords: Sinusitis in Children, Pediatric Rhinosinusitis, Pediatric Sinusitis, Sinusitis in Kids # Overview - Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the paranasal and nasal sinu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sinusitis_in_children
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wikidoc
Smoke-free restaurant
Smoke-free restaurant A smoke-free restaurant is a dining establishment in which smoking is banned. These restaurants are increasing in number due to the growing awareness across the world of the need to protect both employees and clients against exposure to secondhand smoke. Relative to quitting: "One of the biggest b...
Smoke-free restaurant A smoke-free restaurant is a dining establishment in which smoking is banned. These restaurants are increasing in number due to the growing awareness across the world of the need to protect both employees and clients against exposure to secondhand smoke. Relative to quitting: "One of the biggest ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Smoke-free_restaurant
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wikidoc
Snapping hip syndrome
Snapping hip syndrome Snapping hip syndrome (coxa saltans, iliopsoas tendinitis, or dancer's hip) is a condition characterized by a snapping sensation when the hip is flexed and extended. This may be accompanied by an audible snapping or popping noise and possibly pain or discomfort. Pain often decreases with rest and...
Snapping hip syndrome Snapping hip syndrome (coxa saltans, iliopsoas tendinitis, or dancer's hip) is a condition characterized by a snapping sensation when the hip is flexed and extended. This may be accompanied by an audible snapping or popping noise and possibly pain or discomfort. Pain often decreases with rest an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Snapping_hip_syndrome
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wikidoc
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate # Overview Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS or NaDS) (C12H25SO4Na) is an anionic surfactant that is used in household products such as toothpastes, shampoos, shaving foams, some dissolvable aspirins, fiber therapy caplets, and bubble baths for its thickening effect and i...
Sodium lauryl sulfate Template:Chembox new # Overview Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS or NaDS) (C12H25SO4Na) is an anionic surfactant that is used in household products such as toothpastes, shampoos, shaving foams, some dissolvable aspirins, fiber therapy caplets, and bubble baths for its t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sodium_dodecyl_sulphate
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wikidoc
Sodium phenylbutyrate
Sodium phenylbutyrate # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on...
Sodium phenylbutyrate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is int...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sodium_phenylbutyrate
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wikidoc
Sodium stibogluconate
Sodium stibogluconate # Overview Sodium stibogluconate is a medicine used to treat leishmaniasis and is only available for administration by injection. It belongs to the class of drugs known as the pentavalent antimonials because they contain antimony in its oxidation state of 5. Sodium stibogluconate is marketed un...
Sodium stibogluconate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Sodium stibogluconate is a medicine used to treat leishmaniasis and is only available for administration by injection. It belongs to the class of drugs known as the pentavalent antimonials because they contain antimony in its oxidati...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sodium_stibogluconate
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Sorbitol (irrigation)
Sorbitol (irrigation) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on...
Sorbitol (irrigation) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sorbitol_(irrigation)
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Sp100 nuclear antigen
Sp100 nuclear antigen Sp100 nuclear antigen is an interferon stimulated antigen found in the cell nuclei of many human and higher animal cells. Autoantibodies directed against Sp100 are often found in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Histologically Sp100 'dots' regions of the cell nucleus. Viral infection and m...
Sp100 nuclear antigen Sp100 nuclear antigen is an interferon stimulated antigen found in the cell nuclei of many human and higher animal cells. Autoantibodies directed against Sp100 are often found in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.[1] Histologically Sp100 'dots' regions of the cell nucleus. Viral infection a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sp100_nuclear_antigen
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wikidoc
Sparkling Enope Squid
Sparkling Enope Squid The Sparkling Enope Squid (Watasenia scintillans), also known as the Firefly Squid, is a member of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea, order Teuthida. It is the sole species in the genus Watasenia. # Species characteristics The Sparkling Enope Squid is found in the Western Pacific ocean at...
Sparkling Enope Squid The Sparkling Enope Squid (Watasenia scintillans), also known as the Firefly Squid, is a member of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea, order Teuthida. It is the sole species in the genus Watasenia. # Species characteristics The Sparkling Enope Squid is found in the Western Pacific ocean a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sparkling_Enope_Squid
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Sphenopalatine artery
Sphenopalatine artery The sphenopalatine artery (nasopalatine artery) is an artery of the head. # Course It passes through the sphenopalatine foramen into the cavity of the nose, at the back part of the superior meatus. Here it gives off its posterior lateral nasal branches which spread forward over the conchæ and mea...
Sphenopalatine artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The sphenopalatine artery (nasopalatine artery) is an artery of the head. # Course It passes through the sphenopalatine foramen into the cavity of the nose, at the back part of the superior meatus. Here it gives off its p...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sphenopalatine_artery
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wikidoc
Spina bifida
Spina bifida overview # Overview # Historical Perspective Spina bifida has existed as long as the history of humanity. Evidence of children with characteristic features of spina bifida has been found in the archeological findings and a large number of anthropological figures from early civilizations. Spina bifida was...
Spina bifida overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Musadiq Ali M.B.B.S.[2], Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[3] # Overview # Historical Perspective Spina bifida has existed as long as the history of humanity. Evidence of children with characteristic features of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Spina_bifida_overview
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wikidoc
Spontaneous remission
Spontaneous remission Spontaneous remission is a common term in medicine, it is defined as recoveries without reason or cause. Spontaneous remission are usual in many health disorders and are more commonplace than it is generally assumed, principally in young people. # Studies Studies have shown that cases of spontan...
Spontaneous remission Spontaneous remission is a common term in medicine, it is defined as recoveries without reason or cause.[1] Spontaneous remission are usual in many health disorders [2] and are more commonplace than it is generally assumed[1], principally in young people.[2] # Studies Studies have shown that cas...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Spontaneous_remission
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wikidoc
Statistical mechanics
Statistical mechanics Statistical mechanics is the application of probability theory, which includes mathematical tools for dealing with large populations, to the field of mechanics, which is concerned with the motion of particles or objects when subjected to a force. Statistical mechanics, sometimes called statistical...
Statistical mechanics Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Template:Statistical mechanics Statistical mechanics is the application of probability theory, which includes mathematical tools for dealing with large populations, to the field of mechanics, which is concerned with the motion of particles or obj...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Statistical_mechanics
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wikidoc
Statistical potential
Statistical potential In protein structure prediction, a statistical potential (also knowledge-based potential, empirical potential, or residue contact potential) is an energy function derived from an analysis of known structures in the Protein Data Bank. Typical measures could be phi / psi backbone torsion angles, bin...
Statistical potential In protein structure prediction, a statistical potential (also knowledge-based potential, empirical potential, or residue contact potential) is an energy function derived from an analysis of known structures in the Protein Data Bank. Typical measures could be phi / psi backbone torsion angles, bi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Statistical_potential
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wikidoc
Stavudine description
Stavudine description # Description ZERIT® is the brand name for stavudine (d4T), a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue, active against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The chemical name for stavudine is 2′,3′-didehydro-3′-deoxythymidine. Stavudine has the following structural formula: Stavudine is...
Stavudine description Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [2] # Description ZERIT® is the brand name for stavudine (d4T), a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue, active against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The chemical name for st...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Stavudine_description
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wikidoc
Step 2 CS study guide
Step 2 CS study guide # Overview The clinical skill (CS) component of Step 2, tests the fundamental clinical skills essential to safe and effective patient care under supervision. Watch the official USMLE website video first to get an overall idea of this board examination. Please watch the USMLE official onsite orie...
Step 2 CS study guide Editors-In-Chief: William J. Gibson, B.S.[1]; Gonzalo A. Romero, M.D.[2] # Overview The clinical skill (CS) component of Step 2, tests the fundamental clinical skills essential to safe and effective patient care under supervision. Watch the official USMLE website video first to get an overall id...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Step_2_CS_study_guide
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wikidoc
Stiff person syndrome
Stiff person syndrome # Overview Stiff person syndrome (SPS) (or occasionally, stiff-man syndrome) is a rare neurologic disorder of unknown etiology. # Historical Perspective SPS was first described by Moersch and Woltman at the Mayo Clinic in 1956. # Classification There are 3 categories of SPS, and they are as fol...
Stiff person syndrome Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Stiff person syndrome (SPS) (or occasionally, stiff-man syndrome) is a rare neurologic disorder of unknown etiology. # Historical Perspective SPS was first described by Moersch and Woltman at the Mayo Clinic i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Stiff-Person_Syndrome
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wikidoc
Strategic complements
Strategic complements In economics and game theory, the decisions of two or more players are called strategic complements if they mutually reinforce one another, and they are called strategic substitutes if they mutually offset one another. These terms were originally coined by Bulow, Geanakoplos, and Klemperer (1985)...
Strategic complements In economics and game theory, the decisions of two or more players are called strategic complements if they mutually reinforce one another, and they are called strategic substitutes if they mutually offset one another. These terms were originally coined by Bulow, Geanakoplos, and Klemperer (1985...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Strategic_complements