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Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning # Overview Molecular cloning refers to the procedure of isolating a defined DNA sequence and obtaining multiple copies of it in vivo. Cloning is frequently employed to amplify DNA fragments containing genes, but it can be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences, chemi...
Molecular cloning Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Molecular cloning refers to the procedure of isolating a defined DNA sequence and obtaining multiple copies of it in vivo. Cloning is frequently employed to amplify DNA fragments containing genes, but it can be used to amplify any DNA seq...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clone_(genetics)
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Guide for coaches
Guide for coaches - This page will serve as a guide for the coaches on how to engage with new scholars. - Coaches should execute the steps of engagement in the exact order as explained in the following sections: # 1. Creating User Account - Creating a user account or confirming a request for an account will require "a...
Guide for coaches Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2] - This page will serve as a guide for the coaches on how to engage with new scholars. - Coaches should execute the steps of engagement in the exact order as explained in the following se...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Coaching
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Cockayne syndrome
Cockayne syndrome # Overview Cockayne syndrome (or "Weber-Cockayne syndrome", or "Neill-Dingwall Syndrome") is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth failure, impaired development of the nervous system, abnormal sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity), and premature aging. Hearing loss and eye...
Cockayne syndrome # Overview Cockayne syndrome (or "Weber-Cockayne syndrome", or "Neill-Dingwall Syndrome") is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth failure, impaired development of the nervous system, abnormal sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity), and premature aging. Hearing loss and eye...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cockayne%27s_syndrome
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Cognitive science
Cognitive science # Overview Cognitive science is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, and biology. The term cognitive sc...
Cognitive science # Overview Cognitive science is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. [1] It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, and biology. The term cognitive...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cognitive_Science
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Cognitive liberty
Cognitive liberty Cognitive liberty is the freedom to be the absolute sovereignty of the individual’s own consciousness. It is an extension of the concepts of freedom of thought and self-ownership. The nonprofit Center for Cognitive Liberty and Ethics defines cognitive liberty as "the right of each individual to think...
Cognitive liberty Cognitive liberty is the freedom to be the absolute sovereignty of the individual’s own consciousness. It is an extension of the concepts of freedom of thought and self-ownership. The nonprofit Center for Cognitive Liberty and Ethics defines cognitive liberty as "the right of each individual to thin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cognitive_liberty
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Cognitive reserve
Cognitive reserve # Overview The term cognitive reserve describes the brain's resilience to neuropathological damage. There are two models that can be used when exploring the concept of reserve: brain reserve and cognitive reserve. These terms, albeit often used interchangeably in the literature, provide a useful wa...
Cognitive reserve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The term cognitive reserve describes the brain's resilience to neuropathological damage. There are two models that can be used when exploring the concept of reserve: brain reserve and cognitive reserve. These terms, albeit often used in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cognitive_reserve
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Type-III collagen
Type-III collagen # Overview Collagen, type III, alpha 1 (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV, autosomal dominant), also known as COL3A1, is a human gene. This gene encodes a fibrillar collagen that is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, and the vascular system, frequently in association with type I ...
Type-III collagen # Overview Collagen, type III, alpha 1 (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV, autosomal dominant), also known as COL3A1, is a human gene. This gene encodes a fibrillar collagen that is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, and the vascular system, frequently in association with type I ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Collagen_III
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Collateralization
Collateralization In medicine, collateralization, also vessel collaterlization and blood vessel collateralization, is the growth of a blood vessel or several blood vessels that serve the same end organ or vascular bed as another blood vessel that cannot adequately supply that end organ or vascular bed sufficiently. It ...
Collateralization Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] In medicine, collateralization, also vessel collaterlization and blood vessel collateralization, is the growth of a blood vessel or several blood vessels that serve the same end organ or vascular bed as another blood ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Collateralization
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Connecting tubule
Connecting tubule In the kidney, the collecting tubule (CNT, or junctional tubule, or arcuate renal tubule) is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct. # Classification Many sources include the connecting tubule as part of the col...
Connecting tubule Template:Infobox Anatomy In the kidney, the collecting tubule (CNT, or junctional tubule, or arcuate renal tubule) is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct. # Classification Many sources include the connecting...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Collecting_tubule
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White blood cells
White blood cells # Overview White blood cells or leukocytes are cells of the immune system which defend the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials. Several different and diverse types of leukocytes exist, but they are all produced and derived from a multipotent cell in the bone marrow known as a h...
White blood cells Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview White blood cells or leukocytes are cells of the immune system which defend the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials. Several different and diverse types of leukocytes exist, but they are all produced and derived fro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Colorless_corpuscles
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Common iliac vein
Common iliac vein # Overview In human anatomy, the common iliac veins are formed by the external iliac veins and internal iliac veins and together, in the abdomen at about the level of the umbilicus, form the inferior vena cava. They drain blood from the pelvis and lower limbs. Both common iliac veins are accompanied...
Common iliac vein Template:Infobox Vein Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In human anatomy, the common iliac veins are formed by the external iliac veins and internal iliac veins and together, in the abdomen at about the level of the umbilicus, form the inferior vena cava. They drain bloo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Common_iliac_vein
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Complement system
Complement system The complement system is a biochemical cascade which helps clear pathogens from an organism. It is part of the larger immune system that is not adaptable and does not change over the course of an individual's lifetime; as such it belongs to the innate immune system. However, it can be recruited and br...
Complement system Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The complement system is a biochemical cascade which helps clear pathogens from an organism. It is part of the larger immune system that is not adaptable and does not change over the course of an individual's lifetime; as such it belongs to the innat...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Complement_(biology)
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Hydatidiform mole
Hydatidiform mole Synonyms and keywords: Molar pregancy, Complete mole, Incomplete mole, Complete hydatidiform mole, Incomplete hydatidiform mole, Hmole, Complete hmole, Incomplete hmole. # Overview Hydatidiform mole (or mola hydatidiforma) is a common complication of pregnancy, it consists of a nonviable embryo which...
Hydatidiform mole For patient information, click here Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: Molar pregancy, Complete mole, Incomplete mole, Complete hydatidiform mole, Incomplete hydatidiform mo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Complete_hmole
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Longitudinal wave
Longitudinal wave Longitudinal waves are waves that have vibrations along or parallel to their direction of travel; that is, waves in which the motion of the medium is in the same direction as the motion of the wave. Mechanical longitudinal waves have been also referred to as compressional waves or compression waves. ...
Longitudinal wave Longitudinal waves are waves that have vibrations along or parallel to their direction of travel; that is, waves in which the motion of the medium is in the same direction as the motion of the wave. Mechanical longitudinal waves have been also referred to as compressional waves or compression waves. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Compression_wave
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Concomitant drugs
Concomitant drugs The designation concomitant drugs is used in two contexts: 1) As in medicine 2) As in drug abuse # Concomitant drugs in medicine This designation is used when 2 or more medicinal drugs are given either at the same time, or almost at the same time, for instance one after the other, or on the same day,...
Concomitant drugs Template:Cleanup The designation concomitant drugs is used in two contexts: 1) As in medicine 2) As in drug abuse # Concomitant drugs in medicine This designation is used when 2 or more medicinal drugs are given either at the same time, or almost at the same time, for instance one after the other, o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Concomitant_drugs
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Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis # Overview In simple terms, spondylolisthesis describes the displacement of a vertebrae or the vertebral column in relation to the vertebrae below. It was first described in 1782 by a Belgian obstetrician, Dr. Herbinaux. He reported a bony prominence anterior to the sacrum that obstructed the vagina ...
Spondylolisthesis Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In simple terms, spondylolisthesis describes the displacement of a vertebrae or the vertebral column in relation to the vertebrae below. It was first described in 1782 by a Belgian obstetrician, Dr. Herbinaux. He r...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Congenital_spondylolisthesis
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Conjugated system
Conjugated system A chemically conjugated system is a system of atoms covalently bonded with alternating single and multiple (e.g. double) bonds (e.g., C=C-C=C-C) in a molecule of an organic compound. This system results in a general delocalization of the electrons across all of the adjacent parallel aligned p-orbitals...
Conjugated system A chemically conjugated system is a system of atoms covalently bonded with alternating single and multiple (e.g. double) bonds (e.g., C=C-C=C-C) in a molecule of an organic compound. This system results in a general delocalization of the electrons across all of the adjacent parallel aligned p-orbital...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conjugated_system
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Connective tissue
Connective tissue # Overview Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue.) It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but all or most tissues in this category are similarly: - Involved...
Connective tissue Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Connective tissue is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications (the others being epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue.) It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but all or mos...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Connective_Tissue
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Conocybe cyanopus
Conocybe cyanopus Conocybe cyanopus is a member of the genus Conocybe which contains the hallucinogenic compound psilocybin. It is formerly known as Pholiotina cyanopoda, Conocybe cyanopoda, and Galerula cyanopus. # Description Conocybe cyanopus is a small saprophytic mushroom with a conic to broadly convex cap which...
Conocybe cyanopus Template:Mycomorphbox Conocybe cyanopus is a member of the genus Conocybe which contains the hallucinogenic compound psilocybin. It is formerly known as Pholiotina cyanopoda, Conocybe cyanopoda, and Galerula cyanopus. # Description Conocybe cyanopus is a small saprophytic mushroom with a conic to b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conocybe_cyanopus
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Conscientiousness
Conscientiousness Conscientiousness is the trait of being painstaking and careful, or the quality of acting according to the dictates of one's conscience. It includes such elements as self-discipline, carefulness, thoroughness, organization, deliberation (the tendency to think carefully before acting), and need for ach...
Conscientiousness Conscientiousness is the trait of being painstaking and careful, or the quality of acting according to the dictates of one's conscience. It includes such elements as self-discipline, carefulness, thoroughness, organization, deliberation (the tendency to think carefully before acting), and need for ac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Conscientiousness
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Contrast (vision)
Contrast (vision) # Overview Contrast is the difference in visual properties that makes an object (or its representation in an image) distinguishable from other objects and the background. In visual perception of the real world, contrast is determined by the difference in the color and brightness of the object and oth...
Contrast (vision) # Overview Contrast is the difference in visual properties that makes an object (or its representation in an image) distinguishable from other objects and the background. In visual perception of the real world, contrast is determined by the difference in the color and brightness of the object and oth...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Contrast_(vision)
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Convergent series
Convergent series In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of a sequence of numbers. Given a sequence \left \{ a_1,\ a_2,\ a_3,\dots \right \}, the nth partial sum S_n is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence, that is, A series is convergent if the sequence of its partial sums \left \{ S_1,\ S_2,\ S_3,\d...
Convergent series In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of a sequence of numbers. Given a sequence <math>\left \{ a_1,\ a_2,\ a_3,\dots \right \}</math>, the nth partial sum <math>S_n</math> is the sum of the first n terms of the sequence, that is, A series is convergent if the sequence of its partial sums ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Convergent_series
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Copper aspirinate
Copper aspirinate Copper(II) aspirinate is an aspirin chelate of copper(II) cations (Cu2+). It is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. # Preparation Copper aspirinate can be prepared by several methods. In one route of preparation, an excess of acetylsalicylic acid is dissolved in aqueous sodium carbonate. Sodium hy...
Copper aspirinate Template:Chembox new Copper(II) aspirinate is an aspirin chelate of copper(II) cations (Cu2+). It is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. # Preparation Copper aspirinate can be prepared by several methods. In one route of preparation, an excess of acetylsalicylic acid is dissolved in aqueous sodium...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Copper_aspirinate
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Copper deficiency
Copper deficiency Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Copper deficiency can cause a syndrome of anemia or pancytopenia and a neurodegeneration in humans or other mammals. The neurodegenerative syndrome of copper deficiency has been recognized for some time in ruminant animals, in which it is commonly known as “swayback...
Copper deficiency Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: # Overview Copper deficiency can cause a syndrome of anemia or pancytopenia and a neurodegeneration in humans or other mammals. The neurodegenerative syndrome of copper deficiency has been recognized for some time in ruminant...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Copper_deficiency
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Corneal dystrophy
Corneal dystrophy # Overview Human corneal dystrophies is a group of disorders, characterised by a noninflammatory, inherited, bilateral opacity of the transparent front part of the human eye called the cornea. There is a number of rare forms varying in expression and degree of vision loss. The International Committee...
Corneal dystrophy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Human corneal dystrophies is a group of disorders, characterised by a noninflammatory, inherited, bilateral opacity of the transparent front part of the human eye called the cornea. There is a number of rare forms varying in expression an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Corneal_Dystrophy
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Corneal tattooing
Corneal tattooing Corneal tattooing is a form of cosmetic surgery applied to the cornea, used to improve the visual look of the eye, improve vision or reduce the effects of scarring. The technique was first described by Galen, who burnt the cornea with a heated stilleto, and applied either a iron or copper mixture, the...
Corneal tattooing Corneal tattooing is a form of cosmetic surgery applied to the cornea, used to improve the visual look of the eye, improve vision or reduce the effects of scarring. The technique was first described by Galen, who burnt the cornea with a heated stilleto, and applied either a iron or copper mixture, th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Corneal_tattooing
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Coronary arteries
Coronary arteries # Overview The coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself. Although blood fills the chambers of the heart, the muscle tissue of the heart, or myocardium, is so thick that it requires coronary blood vessels to deliver blood deep into it. There are two primary arteries suppl...
Coronary arteries Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]; Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[3]; Vanessa Cherniauskas, M.D. [4] # Overview The coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself. Although blood fills ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Coronary_anatomy
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Costello syndrome
Costello syndrome # Overview Costello syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body. This condition is characterized by delayed development and mental retardation, distinctive facial features, loose folds of extra skin (especially on the hands and feet), and unusually flexible joints. Heart abnorm...
Costello syndrome For patient information click here # Overview Costello syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body. This condition is characterized by delayed development and mental retardation, distinctive facial features, loose folds of extra skin (especially on the hands and feet), and unu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Costello_syndrome
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Tietze's syndrome
Tietze's syndrome Synonyms and keywords: Costochondritis # Overview Tietze's syndrome, also known as costochondritis, is a benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilages. It was first described in 1921 by the German surgeon Alexander Tietze (1864-1927). Tietze's syndrome and costochondritis were initial...
Tietze's syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Costochondritis # Overview Tietze's syndrome, also known as costochondritis, is a benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilages. It was first described in 1921 by the German surgeon Alexander Tietze (1864-1927)....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Costochondritis
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Cotton wool spots
Cotton wool spots # Overview Cotton wool spots are an abnormal finding on fundoscopic exam of the retina. They appear as puffy white patches on the retina. # Pathophysiology They are caused by damage to nerve fibers. The nerve fibers are damaged by swelling in the surface layer of the retina. The cause of this swelli...
Cotton wool spots Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cotton wool spots are an abnormal finding on fundoscopic exam of the retina. They appear as puffy white patches on the retina. # Pathophysiology They are caused by damage to nerve fibers. The nerve fibers are damaged by swelling in the s...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cotton_wool_spots
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Coupling reaction
Coupling reaction A coupling reaction or oxidative coupling in organic chemistry is a catch-all for a range of reactions in Organometallic chemistry where two hydrocarbon radicals are coupled with the aid of a metal containing catalyst. Coupling reactions should be divided into two main classes, there are the cross co...
Coupling reaction A coupling reaction or oxidative coupling in organic chemistry is a catch-all for a range of reactions in Organometallic chemistry where two hydrocarbon radicals are coupled with the aid of a metal containing catalyst. Coupling reactions should be divided into two main classes, there are the cross c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Coupling_reaction
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Courvoisier's law
Courvoisier's law Courvoisier's law (or Courvoisier syndrome, or Courvoisier's sign) states that in the presence of a palpable gall bladder, jaundice is unlikely to be caused by gallstones. This is because gallstones are formed over a longer period of time, and this results in a shrunken, fibrotic gall bladder which do...
Courvoisier's law Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Courvoisier's law (or Courvoisier syndrome, or Courvoisier's sign) states that in the presence of a palpable gall bladder, jaundice is unlikely to be caused by gallstones. This is because gallstones are formed over a longer period of time, and this r...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Courvoisier%27s_law
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Covariance matrix
Covariance matrix # Overview In statistics and probability theory, the covariance matrix is a matrix of covariances between elements of a vector. It is the natural generalization to higher dimensions of the concept of the variance of a scalar-valued random variable. # Definition If entries in the column vector are ra...
Covariance matrix # Overview In statistics and probability theory, the covariance matrix is a matrix of covariances between elements of a vector. It is the natural generalization to higher dimensions of the concept of the variance of a scalar-valued random variable. # Definition If entries in the column vector are ra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Covariance_matrix
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Coxiella burnetii
Coxiella burnetii # Overview Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen, and is the causative agent of Q fever. The genus Coxiella is morphologically similar to Rickettsia, but with a variety of genetic and physiological differences. C. burnetii is a small Gram-negative bacterium that is highly ...
Coxiella burnetii Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen, and is the causative agent of Q fever. The genus Coxiella is morphologically similar to Rickettsia, but with a variety of genetic and physiological differences. C. burneti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Coxiella_burnetii
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Coxsackie A virus
Coxsackie A virus To go back to Coxsackie virus home page, click here. # Overview Coxsackie (virus) is a cytolytic virus of the picornaviridae family, an enterovirus (a group containing the polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, and echoviruses). There are 61 non-polio enteroviruses that can cause disease in humans, of which...
Coxsackie A virus Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2] To go back to Coxsackie virus home page, click here. # Overview Coxsackie (virus) is a cytolytic virus of the picornaviridae family, an enterovirus (a group containing the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Coxsackie_A
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Pediculosis pubis
Pediculosis pubis Synonyms and keywords: Pubic louse infestation; Phthiriasis pubis; Pubic lice; Crabs; Infestation caused by crab lice; Infestation caused by Phthirus pubis; Infestation by crab lice # Overview Pediculosis pubis (also known as "crabs" and "pubic lice") is a disease caused by the pubic louse, Pthirus p...
Pediculosis pubis For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]; Dima Nimri, M.D. [3] Synonyms and keywords: Pubic louse infestation; Phthiriasis pubis; Pubic lice; Crabs; Infestation caused by crab lice; Infestation caused by...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Crab_lice
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Craniofacial team
Craniofacial team A craniofacial team is a team of medical specialists that treat children and adults who have facial deformities such as Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Cleft Lip with Cleft Palate. Upon diagnosis the patient should be referred to a craniofacial team. In practice often it is the pediatrician who diagnoses...
Craniofacial team A craniofacial team is a team of medical specialists that treat children and adults who have facial deformities such as Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Cleft Lip with Cleft Palate. Upon diagnosis the patient should be referred to a craniofacial team. In practice often it is the pediatrician who diagnose...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Craniofacial_team
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Crown-rump length
Crown-rump length # Overview Crown Rump Length is usually abbreviated as CRL. It is the measurement of the length of the unborn human fetus from the top of the head (crown) to the bottom of the buttocks (rump). # Measuring The fetus floats in the amniotic fluid inside the uterus of the mother usually in a curved post...
Crown-rump length Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Crown Rump Length is usually abbreviated as CRL. It is the measurement of the length of the unborn human fetus from the top of the head (crown) to the bottom of the buttocks (rump). # Measuring The fetus floats in the amniotic fluid insi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Crown-rump_length
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wikidoc
Crown (dentistry)
Crown (dentistry) # Overview Crown refers to the restoration of teeth using materials that are fabricated by indirect methods which are cemented into place. A crown is used to cap or completely cover a tooth. Traditionally, the teeth to be crowned are prepared by a dentist and records are given to a dental technician ...
Crown (dentistry) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Crown refers to the restoration of teeth using materials that are fabricated by indirect methods which are cemented into place. A crown is used to cap or completely cover a tooth. Traditionally, the teeth to be crowned are prepared by a d...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Crown_(dentistry)
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Cyanide poisoning
Cyanide poisoning # Overview Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism ingests cyanide. The cyanide ion, if used as poison, is generally delivered in the form of gaseous hydrogen cyanide or in the form of potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide. # Toxicity of cyanides The most dangerous cyanides are hydrogen cyani...
Cyanide poisoning # Overview Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism ingests cyanide. The cyanide ion, if used as poison, is generally delivered in the form of gaseous hydrogen cyanide or in the form of potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide. # Toxicity of cyanides The most dangerous cyanides are hydrogen cyani...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cyanide_poisoning
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Cyanosis
Cyanosis overview # Overview Cyanosis is the condition that there is inadequate oxygen delivery to peripheral tissue. Oxygen in the blood is carried in two physiologic states. Approximately 2% is dissolved in plasma and the other 98% is bound to hemoglobin. In central cyanosis there is increased level of deoxyhemoglob...
Cyanosis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] # Overview Cyanosis is the condition that there is inadequate oxygen delivery to peripheral tissue. Oxygen in the blood is carried in two physiologic states. Approximately 2% is dissolved in plasma ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cyanosis_overview
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Cyclic ADP-ribose
Cyclic ADP-ribose Cyclic ADP Ribose, popularly known as cADPR, is a cyclic adenine nucleotide (like cAMP) with two phosphate groups present on 5' OH of the adenosine (like ADP), further connected to another ribose at the 5' position, which, in turn, closes the cycle by glycosidic bonding to the Nitrogen1 of the same Ad...
Cyclic ADP-ribose Template:Chembox new Cyclic ADP Ribose, popularly known as cADPR, is a cyclic adenine nucleotide (like cAMP) with two phosphate groups present on 5' OH of the adenosine (like ADP), further connected to another ribose at the 5' position, which, in turn, closes the cycle by glycosidic bonding to the Ni...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cyclic_ADP-ribose
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Cysteamine (oral)
Cysteamine (oral) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Cysteamine (oral) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Turky Alkathery, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is inten...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cysteamine_(oral)
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Cystitis
Cystitis overview # Overview Cystitis is defined as inflammation of the urinary bladder. When caused by an infection, cystitis is classified as a type of the lower UTI. Cystitis results mostly from ascending infections from the urethra but can also result from descending infections from the blood or the lymphatic syst...
Cystitis overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2], Usama Talib, BSc, MD [3], Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[4] # Overview Cystitis is defined as inflammation of the urinary bladder. When caused by an infection, cystitis i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cystitis_overview
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus This page contains general information about Diabetes mellitus. For more information on specific types, please visit the pages: - Diabetes mellitus type 1 - Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Gestational diabetes Synonyms and keywords: Diabetes; DM # Overview Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a spectrum of di...
Diabetes mellitus This page contains general information about Diabetes mellitus. For more information on specific types, please visit the pages: - Diabetes mellitus type 1 - Diabetes mellitus type 2 - Gestational diabetes Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pah...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/DM
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Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide # Overview Dimethylformamide is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated DMF, this colourless liquid is miscible with water and majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Pure dimethylformamide is odorless whereas technical grade o...
Dimethylformamide Template:Chembox new # Overview Dimethylformamide is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated DMF, this colourless liquid is miscible with water and majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common solvent for chemical reactions. Pure dimethylformamide is odorless whe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/DMF
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Library (biology)
Library (biology) # Overview In molecular biology, a library is a collection of molecules in a stable form that represents some aspect of an organism. Two common types of libraries are cDNA libraries (formed from Complementary DNA) and genomic libraries. The nucleotide sequences of interest are preserved as inserts t...
Library (biology) # Overview In molecular biology, a library is a collection of molecules in a stable form that represents some aspect of an organism. Two common types of libraries are cDNA libraries (formed from Complementary DNA) and genomic libraries. The nucleotide sequences of interest are preserved as inserts t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/DNA_library
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DNA polymerase mu
DNA polymerase mu DNA polymerase mu is a polymerase enzyme found in eukaryotes. In humans, this protein is encoded by the POLM gene. # Function Pol μ is a member of the X family of DNA polymerases. It participates in resynthesis of damaged or missing nucleotides during the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of...
DNA polymerase mu DNA polymerase mu is a polymerase enzyme found in eukaryotes. In humans, this protein is encoded by the POLM gene.[1] # Function Pol μ is a member of the X family of DNA polymerases. It participates in resynthesis of damaged or missing nucleotides during the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathwa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/DNA_polymerase_mu
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Deoxyribonuclease
Deoxyribonuclease # Overview A deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) is any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone. Deoxyribonucleases are thus one type of nuclease. A wide variety of deoxyribonucleases are known, which differ in their substrate specificities, che...
Deoxyribonuclease Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) is any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone. Deoxyribonucleases are thus one type of nuclease. A wide variety of deoxyribonucleases are known...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/DNAase
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Dapsone (topical)
Dapsone (topical) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Dapsone (topical) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dapsone_(topical)
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wikidoc
Daratumumab Test2
Daratumumab Test2 Multiple Myeloma - Administer post-infusion medication to reduce the risk of delayed infusion reactions to all patients as follows: Administer corticosteroids (monotherapy: methylprednisolone 100 mg, or equivalent, administered intravenously. Following the second infusion, the dose of corticosteroid m...
Daratumumab Test2 Multiple Myeloma - Administer post-infusion medication to reduce the risk of delayed infusion reactions to all patients as follows: Administer corticosteroids (monotherapy: methylprednisolone 100 mg, or equivalent, administered intravenously. Following the second infusion, the dose of corticosteroid ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Daratumumab_Test2
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wikidoc
Datura stramonium
Datura stramonium Datura stramonium, also called Jimson Weed, Gypsum Weed, Stink Weed, Loco Weed, Jamestown Weed, Thorn Apple, Angel's Trumpet, Devil's Trumpet, Devil's Snare, Mad Hatter, Crazy Tea, Malpitte, Beelzebub's Twinkie and Zombie's Cucumber is a common weed in the Nightshade Family. It contains tropane alka...
Datura stramonium Datura stramonium, also called Jimson Weed, Gypsum Weed, Stink Weed, Loco Weed, Jamestown Weed, Thorn Apple, Angel's Trumpet, Devil's Trumpet, Devil's Snare, Mad Hatter, Crazy Tea, Malpitte, Beelzebub's Twinkie and Zombie's Cucumber is a common weed in the Nightshade Family. It contains tropane alk...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Datura_stramonium
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Davenport diagram
Davenport diagram In acid base physiology, the Davenport Diagram is a graphical tool, developed by Horace Davenport, that allows a clinician or investigator to describe blood bicarbonate concentrations and blood pH following a respiratory and/or metabolic acid-base disturbance. The diagram depicts a three-dimensional s...
Davenport diagram In acid base physiology, the Davenport Diagram is a graphical tool, developed by Horace Davenport, that allows a clinician or investigator to describe blood bicarbonate concentrations and blood pH following a respiratory and/or metabolic acid-base disturbance. The diagram depicts a three-dimensional ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Davenport_diagram
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wikidoc
Stickler syndrome
Stickler syndrome Synonyms and keywords: Stickler syndrome, type I; STL1; Stickler syndrome, vitreous type 1; Stickler syndrome, membranous vitreous type; arthroophthalmopathy, hereditary progressive; AOM; hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy; Stickler syndrome, type III; STL3; Stickler syndrome, nonocular type; David-Stic...
Stickler syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Stickler syndrome, type I; STL1; Stickler syndrome, vitreous type 1; Stickler syndrome, membranous vitreous type; arthroophthalmopathy, hereditary progressive; AOM; hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy; Stickler syndrome, type III;...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/David-Stickler_syndrome
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wikidoc
Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation # Overview In dermatology, hyperpigmentation is the darkening of an area of skin or nails caused by increased melanin. # Causes ## Common Causes - Acanthosis nigricans - Acne - Addison's disease - Adrenal insufficiency - Adrenocorticotrophic hormone - Alkaptonuria - Angioma - Antimalarials - Arseni...
Hyperpigmentation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S. # Overview In dermatology, hyperpigmentation is the darkening of an area of skin or nails caused by increased melanin. # Causes ## Common Causes - Acanthosis nigricans - Acne - Addison's dise...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ddx:Hyperpigmentation
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wikidoc
Pigmented lesions
Pigmented lesions # Overview Pigmented lesions are common and in many cases benign. Though many are benign, it is important for the physician to rule out melignancy to ensure it is not dangerous. They will do this with a biopsy to determine the diagnosis. # Classification The three most common types are: - Nevi - Seb...
Pigmented lesions Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Pigmented lesions are common and in many cases benign. Though many are benign, it is important for the physician to rule out melignancy to ensure it is not dangerous. They will do this with a biopsy to determine th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ddx:Pigmented_Lesions
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wikidoc
Rheumatoid factor
Rheumatoid factor Rheumatoid factor (RF or RhF) is a blood test performed in patients with suspected rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is an antibody against the Fc portion of IgG, which is itself an antibody, IgM or IgA type; RF and IgG form immune complexes, which are part of the disease process of various rheumatologica...
Rheumatoid factor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rheumatoid factor (RF or RhF) is a blood test performed in patients with suspected rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is an antibody against the Fc portion of IgG, which is itself an antibody, IgM or IgA type; RF and IgG form immune complexes, which are p...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ddx:Rheumatoid_Factor
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wikidoc
Shoulder problems
Shoulder problems # Overview Shoulder problems, including pain, are one of the more common reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms. The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed. It is easily subject to injury because the ...
Shoulder problems Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Shoulder problems, including pain, are one of the more common reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms. The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body. However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ddx:Shoulder_Pain
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wikidoc
Vaginal discharge
Vaginal discharge Synonyms and keywords: Discharge from the vagina, Leukorrhea # Overview Vaginal discharge is a common patient complaint that is paired with anxiety regarding sexually transmitted diseases. If a STD is detected, a search for all other STDs should be done. Advise the infected patient to inform all sex...
Vaginal discharge For patient information, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shankar Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2] Samah Obaiah Rinky Agnes Botleroo, M.B.B.S. Synonyms and keywords: Discharge from the vagina, Leukorrhea # Overview Vaginal discharge is a common patie...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ddx:Vaginal_Discharge
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wikidoc
Dead arm (people)
Dead arm (people) Dead arm syndrome starts with repetitive motion and forces on the posterior capsule of the shoulder. The posterior capsule is a band of fibrous tissue that interconnects with tendons of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. Four muscles and their tendons make up the rotator cuff. They cover the outside of...
Dead arm (people) Dead arm syndrome starts with repetitive motion and forces on the posterior capsule of the shoulder. The posterior capsule is a band of fibrous tissue that interconnects with tendons of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. Four muscles and their tendons make up the rotator cuff. They cover the outside o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dead_arm_(people)
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wikidoc
Deafness
Deafness overview # Overview The word deaf is used differently in different contexts, and there is some controversy over its meaning and implications. In scientific and medical terms, deafness generally refers to a physical condition characterized by lack of sensitivity to sound. Notated as deaf with a lowercase d, ...
Deafness overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview The word deaf is used differently in different contexts, and there is some controversy over its meaning and implications. In scientific and medical terms, deafness generally refers...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Deafness_overview
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Death certificate
Death certificate # Overview A death certificate is a document issued by a government official such as a registrar of vital statistics that declares the date, location and cause of a person's death. # Nature of a certificate Each governmental jurisdiction prescribes the form of the document for use in its purview and...
Death certificate # Overview A death certificate is a document issued by a government official such as a registrar of vital statistics that declares the date, location and cause of a person's death. # Nature of a certificate Each governmental jurisdiction prescribes the form of the document for use in its purview and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Death_certificate
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wikidoc
Exponential decay
Exponential decay A quantity is said to be subject to exponential decay if it decreases at a rate proportional to its value. Symbolically, this can be expressed as the following differential equation, where N is the quantity and λ is a positive number called the decay constant. The solution to this equation is below:...
Exponential decay A quantity is said to be subject to exponential decay if it decreases at a rate proportional to its value. Symbolically, this can be expressed as the following differential equation, where N is the quantity and λ is a positive number called the decay constant. The solution to this equation is below...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Decay_constant
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wikidoc
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay # Overview Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves. This decay, or loss of energy, results in an atom of one type, called the parent nuclide transforming to an atom of a different type...
Radioactive decay Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Template:Nuclear physics Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves. This decay, or loss of energy, results in an atom of o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Decay_mode
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Deductive closure
Deductive closure Peter D. Klein, in the second edition of The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, defines closure as follows: A set of objects, O, is said to exhibit closure or to be closed under a given operation, R, provided that for every object, x, if x is a member of O and x is R-related to any object, y, then y ...
Deductive closure Peter D. Klein, in the second edition of The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, defines closure as follows: A set of objects, O, is said to exhibit closure or to be closed under a given operation, R, provided that for every object, x, if x is a member of O and x is R-related to any object, y, then y...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Deductive_closure
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Defence mechanism
Defence mechanism # Overview In Freudian psychoanalytic theory, defence mechanisms are psychological strategies brought into play by individuals, groups, and even nations to cope with reality and to maintain self-image. Healthy persons normally use different defences throughout life. An ego defence mechanism becomes p...
Defence mechanism Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In Freudian psychoanalytic theory, defence mechanisms are psychological strategies brought into play by individuals, groups, and even nations to cope with reality and to maintain self-image. Healthy persons normally use different defences...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Defence_mechanism
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wikidoc
Degenerate matter
Degenerate matter Degenerate matter is matter which has sufficiently high density that the dominant contribution to its pressure rises from the Pauli Exclusion Principle. The pressure maintained by a body of degenerate matter is called the degeneracy pressure, and arises because the Pauli principle forbids the constitu...
Degenerate matter Degenerate matter is matter which has sufficiently high density that the dominant contribution to its pressure rises from the Pauli Exclusion Principle. The pressure maintained by a body of degenerate matter is called the degeneracy pressure, and arises because the Pauli principle forbids the constit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Degenerate_matter
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Urinary hesitancy
Urinary hesitancy Synonyms and keywords: hesitancy; delayed urination; difficulty initiating urination; weak urine stream # Overview Urinary hesitancy is defined as difficulty in initiating and maintaining a flow of urine. # Causes ## Common Causes - Anticholinergics - Benign prostatic hyperplasia - Prostatic cancer...
Urinary hesitancy For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: hesitancy; delayed urination; difficulty initiating urination; weak urine stream # Overview Urinary hesitancy is defined as difficulty in initiating and maintaining a flow of urine. # Causes...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Delayed_urination
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Delirium
Delirium overview # Overview Delirium is an acute and relatively sudden (developing over hours to days) decline in attention-focus, perception, and cognition. Delirium is commonly associated with a disturbance of consciousness or reduced clarity of awareness about the environment. The change in cognition including mem...
Delirium overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [3]; Vishal Khurana, M.B.B.S., M.D. [4] # Overview Delirium is an acute and relatively sudden (developing over hours to days) decline in attention-focus, perception, and cognit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Delirium_overview
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wikidoc
Delta-sarcoglycan
Delta-sarcoglycan Delta-sarcoglycan is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SGCD gene. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the four known components of the sarcoglycan complex, which is a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). DGC forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton ...
Delta-sarcoglycan Delta-sarcoglycan is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SGCD gene.[1][2][3][4] # Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the four known components of the sarcoglycan complex, which is a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). DGC forms a link between the F-actin ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Delta-sarcoglycan
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Dementia
Dementia overview # Overview Dementia (from Latin de- "apart, away" + mens (genitive mentis) "mind") is the progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what might be expected from normal ageing. Particularly affected areas may be memory, attention, language, and problem solvi...
Dementia overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2] # Overview Dementia (from Latin de- "apart, away" + mens (genitive mentis) "mind") is the progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what migh...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dementia_overview
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wikidoc
Dental anesthesia
Dental anesthesia # Overview Dentists inject anesthetic to block sensory transmission by the alveolar nerves. The superior alveolar nerves are not usually anesthetized directly because they are difficult to approach with a needle. For this reason, the maxillary teeth are usually anesthetized locally by inserting the n...
Dental anesthesia # Overview Dentists inject anesthetic to block sensory transmission by the alveolar nerves. The superior alveolar nerves are not usually anesthetized directly because they are difficult to approach with a needle. For this reason, the maxillary teeth are usually anesthetized locally by inserting the n...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dental_anesthesia
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wikidoc
Explorer (dental)
Explorer (dental) # Overview A (sickle probe) is an instrument in dentistry commonly used in the dental armamentarium. A sharp point at the end of the explorer is used to enhance tactile sensation. Until recently, it was advised that dentists use the explorer to determine the presence of tooth decay on tooth enamel. ...
Explorer (dental) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] # Overview A [Dental explorer] (sickle probe) is an instrument in dentistry commonly used in the dental armamentarium. A sharp point at the end of the explorer is used to enhance tactile sensa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dental_explorer
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wikidoc
Depersonalization
Depersonalization Synonyms and keywords: Derealization # Overview Depersonalization (or depersonalisation) is an 'alteration' in the perception or experience of the self so that one feels 'detached' from, and as if one is an 'outside' observer of, one's mental processes or body. It can be considered desirable, such a...
Depersonalization Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: Derealization # Overview Depersonalization (or depersonalisation) is an 'alteration' in the perception or experience of the self so that one feels 'detached' from, and as i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Depersonalisation
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Depression (mood)
Depression (mood) # Overview In the fields of psychology and psychiatry, the terms depression or depressed refer to both expected and pathologically chronic or severe levels of sadness, perceived helplessness, disinterest, and other related emotions and behaviours. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diso...
Depression (mood) Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In the fields of psychology and psychiatry, the terms depression or depressed refer to both expected and pathologically chronic or severe levels of sadness, perceived helplessness, disinterest, and other related e...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Depressed_mood
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wikidoc
Isotopic labeling
Isotopic labeling Isotopic labeling is a technique for tracking the passage of a sample of substance through a system. The substance is 'labeled' by including unusual isotopes in its chemical composition. If these unusual isotopes are later detected in a certain part of the system, they must have come from the labele...
Isotopic labeling Isotopic labeling is a technique for tracking the passage of a sample of substance through a system. The substance is 'labeled' by including unusual isotopes in its chemical composition. If these unusual isotopes are later detected in a certain part of the system, they must have come from the label...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Deuterated
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Developed country
Developed country A developing country is that country which has a relatively low standard of living, an undeveloped industrial base, and a moderate to low Human Development Index (HDI) score and per capita income, but is in a phase of economic development. Usually all countries which are neither a developed country no...
Developed country A developing country is that country which has a relatively low standard of living, an undeveloped industrial base, and a moderate to low Human Development Index (HDI) score and per capita income, but is in a phase of economic development. Usually all countries which are neither a developed country n...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Developed_country
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Dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Dextroamphetamine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intende...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dexamfetamine
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wikidoc
Dialysis adequacy
Dialysis adequacy In nephrology, dialysis adequacy is the measurement of renal dialysis for the purpose of determining dialysis treatment regime and to better understand the pathophysiology of renal dialysis. It is an area of considerable controversy in nephrology. In the US, the dominant way of measuring dialysis ade...
Dialysis adequacy In nephrology, dialysis adequacy is the measurement of renal dialysis for the purpose of determining dialysis treatment regime and to better understand the pathophysiology of renal dialysis. It is an area of considerable controversy in nephrology. In the US, the dominant way of measuring dialysis ad...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dialysis_adequacy
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Diatomic molecule
Diatomic molecule # Overview Diatomic molecules are molecules made only of two atoms, of either the same or different chemical elements. The prefix di- means two in Greek. # Description and occurrence in nature Huber and Herzberg's book, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, l...
Diatomic molecule # Overview Diatomic molecules are molecules made only of two atoms, of either the same or different chemical elements. The prefix di- means two in Greek. # Description and occurrence in nature Huber and Herzberg's book, Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules[1]...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diatomic
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Diazepam (rectal)
Diazepam (rectal) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Diazepam (rectal) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intende...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diazepam_(rectal)
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Diazepam overdose
Diazepam overdose # Overdosage topics Manifestations Management Flumazenil - Seizure Withdrawal ## Manifestations Manifestations of Diazepam overdosage include somnolence, confusion, coma and diminished reflexes. Respiration, pulse and blood pressure should be monitored, as in all cases of drug overdosage, although, ...
Diazepam overdose Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overdosage topics Manifestations Management Flumazenil - Seizure Withdrawal ## Manifestations Manifestations of Diazepam overdosage include somnolence, confusion, coma and diminished reflexes. Respiration, pulse and blood pressure should be monit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diazepam_overdose
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Diazolidinyl urea
Diazolidinyl urea Diazolidinyl urea (C8H14N4O7) is a preservative. It has a broad spectrum of application, and is effective against bacteria, fungi and yeasts. # Uses It is used in many cosmetics, skin care products, shampoos and conditioners, as well as a wide range of products including bubble baths, baby wipes and ...
Diazolidinyl urea Template:Chembox new Diazolidinyl urea (C8H14N4O7) is a preservative. It has a broad spectrum of application, and is effective against bacteria, fungi and yeasts. # Uses It is used in many cosmetics, skin care products, shampoos and conditioners, as well as a wide range of products including bubble ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diazolidinyl_urea
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Dibrompropamidine
Dibrompropamidine # Overview Dibrompropamidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant. As dibrompropamidine isethionate, it is used in eyedrops and ointment for the treatment of minor eye and eyelid infections in adults and children. In the UK, such preparations are sold under the brand names Brolene (Aventis Pharma), Gold...
Dibrompropamidine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Dibrompropamidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant. As dibrompropamidine isethionate, it is used in eyedrops and ointment for the treatment of minor eye and eyelid infections in adults and children. In the UK, such preparations are sold ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dibrompropamidine
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wikidoc
Dibutyltryptamine
Dibutyltryptamine Dibutyltryptamine (DBT) is a psychedelic drug belonging to the tryptamine family. It is found either as its crystalline hydrochloride salt or as an oily or crystalline base. DBT was first made by the chemist Alexander Shulgin and reported in his book TiHKAL. Shulgin did not test DBT himself, but repo...
Dibutyltryptamine Dibutyltryptamine (DBT) is a psychedelic drug belonging to the tryptamine family. It is found either as its crystalline hydrochloride salt or as an oily or crystalline base. DBT was first made by the chemist Alexander Shulgin and reported in his book TiHKAL. Shulgin did not test DBT himself, but rep...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dibutyltryptamine
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wikidoc
Diethylene glycol
Diethylene glycol # Overview Diethylene glycol (DEG) is an organic compound described by the structural formula HO-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-OH. It is a clear, hygroscopic, odorless liquid. It is miscible with water and polar organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. # Diols and polyols Diethylene glycol is one of sever...
Diethylene glycol Template:Chembox new # Overview Diethylene glycol (DEG) is an organic compound described by the structural formula HO-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-OH. It is a clear, hygroscopic, odorless liquid. It is miscible with water and polar organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. # Diols and polyols Diethylene ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diethylene_Glycol
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wikidoc
Dimethyl fumarate
Dimethyl fumarate # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Dimethyl fumarate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dimethyl_fumarate
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wikidoc
Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethylhydrazine Dimethylhydrazine is the name of two compounds with the formula C2H8N2. These are: - 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, where both methyl groups are bonded to the same nitrogen atom. It is commonly used as a rocket fuel. - 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, where one methyl group is bonded to each of the two nitrogen atoms. ...
Dimethylhydrazine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Dimethylhydrazine is the name of two compounds with the formula C2H8N2. These are: - 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, where both methyl groups are bonded to the same nitrogen atom. It is commonly used as a rocket fuel. - 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, where one methyl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dimethylhydrazine
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Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism # Overview A sex difference is a distinction of biological and/or physiological characteristics typically associated with either males or females of a species in general. This article focuses on quantitative differences which are based on a gradient and involve different averages. For example, men ar...
Sexual dimorphism Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A sex difference is a distinction of biological and/or physiological characteristics typically associated with either males or females of a species in general. This article focuses on quantitative differences which are based on a gradient...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dimorphic_sexual-behavior
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wikidoc
Diphenylacetylene
Diphenylacetylene Diphenylacetylene is the chemical compound C6H5C≡CC6H5. The molecule consists of phenyl groups attached to both ends of an alkyne. It is a colorless crystalline material that is widely used as a building block in organic and as a ligand organometallic chemistry. # Preparation Several preparations f...
Diphenylacetylene Diphenylacetylene is the chemical compound C6H5C≡CC6H5. The molecule consists of phenyl groups attached to both ends of an alkyne. It is a colorless crystalline material that is widely used as a building block in organic and as a ligand organometallic chemistry. # Preparation Several preparations ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Diphenylacetylene
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Disaster response
Disaster response # Overview Disaster response is a phase of the disaster management cycle. Its preceding cycles aim to reduce the need for a disaster response, or to avoid it altogether. # Organisations The organisation in the United Kingdom for the provision of communcations disaster response is RAYNET. The UK or...
Disaster response # Overview Disaster response is a phase of the disaster management cycle. Its preceding cycles aim to reduce the need for a disaster response, or to avoid it altogether. # Organisations The organisation in the United Kingdom for the provision of communcations disaster response is RAYNET[1]. The UK...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Disaster_response
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wikidoc
Disease mongering
Disease mongering Disease mongering is a term used to describe a perceived attempt by pharmaceutical companies to promote public awareness of relatively minor conditions or diseases with the aim of increasing sales of medication. Examples include male-type baldness and certain social phobias. In discussions specificall...
Disease mongering Disease mongering is a term used to describe a perceived attempt by pharmaceutical companies to promote public awareness of relatively minor conditions or diseases with the aim of increasing sales of medication.[1] Examples include male-type baldness and certain social phobias.[1] In discussions spec...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Disease_mongering
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wikidoc
Joint dislocation
Joint dislocation Joint dislocation (Latin: luxatio) occurs when bones in a joint become displaced or misaligned. It is often caused by a sudden impact to the joint. The ligaments always become damaged as a result of a dislocation. Once a joint is dislocated, it may reduce (return to its proper position) on its own, o...
Joint dislocation Joint dislocation (Latin: luxatio) [1] occurs when bones in a joint become displaced or misaligned. It is often caused by a sudden impact to the joint. The ligaments always become damaged as a result of a dislocation. Once a joint is dislocated, it may reduce (return to its proper position) on its ow...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dislocate
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wikidoc
Disordered eating
Disordered eating # Overview Disordered eating is a term that is used by some people to describe a wide variety of irregularities in eating behavior that do not warrant a diagnosis of a specific eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. People who have this kind of disordered eating patterns may be ...
Disordered eating Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Disordered eating is a term that is used by some people to describe a wide variety of irregularities in eating behavior that do not warrant a diagnosis of a specific eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa or buli...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Disordered_eating
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wikidoc
Dissociative drug
Dissociative drug A dissociative is a drug which reduces (or blocks) signals to the conscious mind from other parts of the brain, typically, but not necessarily, limited to the physical senses. Such a state of sensory deprivation and dissociation can facilitate self-exploration, hallucinations, and dreamlike states of...
Dissociative drug A dissociative is a drug which reduces (or blocks) signals to the conscious mind from other parts of the brain, typically, but not necessarily, limited to the physical senses. Such a state of sensory deprivation and dissociation can facilitate self-exploration, hallucinations, and dreamlike states o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dissociative
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wikidoc
Distal axonopathy
Distal axonopathy Distal axonopathy (aka dying back neuropathy) is a type of peripheral neuropathy that results from some metabolic or toxic derangement of peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons. It is the most common response of nerves to metabolic or toxic disturbances, and as such may be caused by metabolic disease...
Distal axonopathy Distal axonopathy (aka dying back neuropathy) is a type of peripheral neuropathy that results from some metabolic or toxic derangement of peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons. It is the most common response of nerves to metabolic or toxic disturbances, and as such may be caused by metabolic diseas...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Distal_axonopathy
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wikidoc
Divalproex sodium
Divalproex sodium # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wik...
Divalproex sodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intend...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Divalproex_Sodium
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wikidoc
Dix-Hallpike test
Dix-Hallpike test The Dix-Hallpike test (or Nylen-Barany test) is a diagnostic maneuver used to identify benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The Dix-Hallpike test is performed with the patient sitting upright with the legs extended. Their head is then rotated by approximately 45 degrees. The clinician helps th...
Dix-Hallpike test Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The Dix-Hallpike test[1] (or Nylen-Barany test) is a diagnostic maneuver used to identify benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).[2] The Dix-Hallpike test is performed with the patient sitting upright with the legs extend...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dix-Hallpike_test
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wikidoc
Don Juan fracture
Don Juan fracture Synonyms and Keywords: Lover's fracture, Heel Bone Fracture # Overview The calcaneus bone known as the largest tarsal bone. Meanwhile, the Lover's fracture are the involvement of the calcaneal body and may be intra-articular or extra-articular. # Historical Perspective The name "lover's fracture" ...
Don Juan fracture Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. Synonyms and Keywords: Lover's fracture, Heel Bone Fracture # Overview The calcaneus bone known as the largest tarsal bone. Meanwhile, the Lover's fracture are the involvement of the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Don_Juan_fracture
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wikidoc
Dopamine receptor
Dopamine receptor Dopamine receptors are a class of metabotropic G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors have key roles in many processes, including the contro...
Dopamine receptor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Dopamine receptors are a class of metabotropic G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors ha...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Dopamine_receptor