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wikidoc
Borescope
Borescope A borescope is an optical device consisting of a rigid or flexible tube with an eyepiece on one end, an objective lens on the other linked together by a relay optical system in between. The optical system is usually surrounded by optical fibers used for illumination of the remote object and a rigid or flexib...
Borescope A borescope is an optical device consisting of a rigid or flexible tube with an eyepiece on one end, an objective lens on the other linked together by a relay optical system in between. The optical system is usually surrounded by optical fibers used for illumination of the remote object and a rigid or flexi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Borescope
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Bosutinib
Bosutinib # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Bosutinib Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bosutinib
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wikidoc
Herbalism
Herbalism Herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. Herbalism is also known as botanical medicine, medical herbalism, herbal medicine, herbology, and phytotherapy. Sometimes the scope of herbal medicine is extended to include fungi and bee products, ...
Herbalism Template:Biologically based therapy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. Herbalism is also known as botanical medicine, medical herbalism, herbal medicine, herbology, and phytotherapy....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Botanical_medicine
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wikidoc
Intestine
Intestine # Overview In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum...
Intestine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is fur...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bowel
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wikidoc
Zebrafish
Zebrafish The zebrafish or zebra danio, Danio rerio, is a coldwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae). It is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio, and is also an important model organism in scientific research. # Taxonomy The zebrafish is a derived member of the genu...
Zebrafish The zebrafish or zebra danio, Danio rerio, is a coldwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae).[1] It is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio, and is also an important model organism in scientific research. # Taxonomy The zebrafish is a derived member of the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brachydanio_rerio
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Brachyury
Brachyury Brachyury is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TBXT gene. Brachyury is a transcription factor within the T-box complex of genes. It has been found in all bilaterian animals that have been screened, and is also present in the cnidaria. # History The brachyury mutation was first described in mice b...
Brachyury Brachyury is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TBXT gene.[1][2] Brachyury is a transcription factor within the T-box complex of genes.[3] It has been found in all bilaterian animals that have been screened, and is also present in the cnidaria.[3] # History The brachyury mutation was first descri...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brachyury
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wikidoc
Brain fog
Brain fog # Overview Brain fog is a term for the "woolly" sensation of a physical obstruction to clear thinking in the brain, often extended to apply in general to neurocognitive symptoms experienced by many people who suffer from diseases such as ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, amongst others. # Pathophysiology Brain fog can ...
Brain fog Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Brain fog is a term for the "woolly" sensation of a physical obstruction to clear thinking in the brain, often extended to apply in general to neurocognitive symptoms experienced by many people who suffer from diseases such as ME/CFS, fibromyalgi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_fog
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wikidoc
Brain zap
Brain zap # Overview Brain zaps, also known as "brain shocks," "brain shivers," or "head shocks" are a fairly common withdrawal symptom experienced during discontinuation (or reduction of dose) of SSRI and SNRI antidepressant drugs. The symptom is described as brief but repeated electric shock-like sensations in the b...
Brain zap Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Brain zaps, also known as "brain shocks," "brain shivers," or "head shocks" are a fairly common withdrawal symptom experienced during discontinuation (or reduction of dose) of SSRI and SNRI antidepressant drugs. The sympto...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_shivers
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Mastopexy
Mastopexy # Overview Mastopexy or breast lift surgery refers to a group of elective surgical operations designed to lessen the degree of breast ptosis (the "droop" of the breasts). Many patients opt for mastopexy alone. When breast implants are placed as part of the procedure, it is known as a breast augmentation. Th...
Mastopexy Editors-In-Chief: Martin I. Newman, M.D., FACS, Cleveland Clinic Florida, [1]; Michel C. Samson, M.D., FRCSC, FACS [2] # Overview Mastopexy or breast lift surgery refers to a group of elective surgical operations designed to lessen the degree of breast ptosis (the "droop" of the breasts). Many patients opt...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breast_lift
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Breathing
Breathing # Overview Breathing transports oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body. Aerobic organisms require oxygen to create energy via respiration, in the form of energy-rich molecules such as glucose. The medical term for normal relaxed breathing is eupnoea. Organisms breathe to avoid death from asp...
Breathing Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] # Overview Breathing transports oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body. Aerobic organisms require oxygen to create energy via respiration, in the form of energy-rich molecules such as glucose. The medical term for normal relaxed breathing i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breath
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wikidoc
Platypnea
Platypnea # Overview Platypnea refers to shortness of breath (dyspnea) that is relieved when lying down, and worsens when sitting or standing up. It is the opposite of orthopnea. The word is derived from the Greek platus (= flat) and pnoia (=breath). # Causes - Left atrial thrombus - Left atrial tumors - Pulmonary ar...
Platypnea Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Platypnea refers to shortness of breath (dyspnea) that is relieved when lying down,[1] and worsens when sitting or standing up. It is the opposite of orthopnea. The word is derived from the Greek platus (= flat) and pnoia (=breath). # Causes - L...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breathing_difficulty_that_is_relieved_when_lying_flat
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Bretylium
Bretylium # Overview Bretylium (also bretylium tosylate) is an antiarrhythmic agent. It blocks the release of noradrenaline from nerve terminals. In effect, it decreases output from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. It also acts by blocking K+ channels and is considered a class III antiarrhythmic. The dose ...
Bretylium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Bretylium (also bretylium tosylate) is an antiarrhythmic agent.[1] It blocks the release of noradrenaline from nerve terminals. In effect, it decreases output from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. It also acts by blocking K+ channels ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bretylium
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Brivudine
Brivudine # Overview Brivudine is an antiviral drug used in the treatment of herpes zoster. # History Brivudine is a similar drug to acyclovir. The compound was first synthesized by scientists at the University of Birmingham in the UK in the 1970s. It was shown to be a potent inhibitor of the herpes simplex virus Typ...
Brivudine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Brivudine is an antiviral drug used in the treatment of herpes zoster. # History Brivudine is a similar drug to acyclovir[clarification needed]. The compound was first synthesized by scientists at the University of Birmingham in the UK in the 19...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brivudine
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Bromelain
Bromelain Bromelain can refer to one of two protease enzymes extracted from the plant family Bromeliaceae, or it can refer to a combination of those enzymes along with other compounds produced in an extract. # Components Bromelain is a mixture of sulfur-containing protein-digesting enzymes—called proteolytic enzymes o...
Bromelain Bromelain can refer to one of two protease enzymes extracted from the plant family Bromeliaceae, or it can refer to a combination of those enzymes along with other compounds produced in an extract. # Components Bromelain is a mixture of sulfur-containing protein-digesting enzymes—called proteolytic enzymes ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bromelain
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wikidoc
Bromoform
Bromoform # Overview Bromoform (CHBr3) is a pale yellowish liquid with a sweet odor similar to chloroform, a halomethane or haloform. Its refractive index is 1.595 (20 °C, D). Small amounts are formed naturally by plants in the ocean. It is somewhat soluble in water and readily evaporates into the air. Most of the bro...
Bromoform Template:Chembox new # Overview Bromoform (CHBr3) is a pale yellowish liquid with a sweet odor similar to chloroform, a halomethane or haloform. Its refractive index is 1.595 (20 °C, D). Small amounts are formed naturally by plants in the ocean. It is somewhat soluble in water and readily evaporates into th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bromoform
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Meningism
Meningism # Overview Meningism is the triad of nuchal rigidity, photophobia (intolerance of bright light) and headache. It is a sign of irritation of the meninges, such as seen in meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhages and various other diseases. "Meningismus" is the term used when the above listed symptoms are present ...
Meningism Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Meningism is the triad of nuchal rigidity, photophobia (intolerance of bright light) and headache. It is a sign of irritation of the meninges, such as seen in meningitis, subarachnoid hemor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brudzinski%27s_Sign
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Bupropion
Bupropion # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Bupropion Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/BuPROPion
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wikidoc
Buckthorn
Buckthorn The Buckthorns (Rhamnus) are a genus (or two genera, if Frangula is treated as distinct) of about 100 species of shrubs or small trees from 1-10 m tall (rarely to 15 m), in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. They are native throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in t...
Buckthorn The Buckthorns (Rhamnus) are a genus (or two genera, if Frangula is treated as distinct) of about 100 species of shrubs or small trees from 1-10 m tall (rarely to 15 m), in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. They are native throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buckthorn
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wikidoc
Bufexamac
Bufexamac # Overview Bufexamac is a drug used as an anti-inflammatory agent on the skin, as well as rectally. Common brand names include Paraderm and Parfenac. It was withdrawn in Europe because of allergic reactions. # Indications Ointments and lotions containing bufexamac are used for the treatment of subacute and ...
Bufexamac Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Bufexamac is a drug used as an anti-inflammatory agent on the skin, as well as rectally. Common brand names include Paraderm and Parfenac. It was withdrawn in Europe because of allergic reactions. # Indications Ointments and lotions containing b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bufexamac
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Bufotenin
Bufotenin Bufotenin (also known as bufotenine), is a tryptamine related to the neurotransmitter serotonin. It is an alkaloid found in the skin of some species of toads; in mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals; and possibly in the brain, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. The name bufotenin originates from the Bufo ...
Bufotenin Bufotenin (also known as bufotenine), is a tryptamine related to the neurotransmitter serotonin. It is an alkaloid found in the skin of some species of toads; in mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals; and possibly in the brain, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics.[1] The name bufotenin originates from the B...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bufotenin
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Bumblebee
Bumblebee Bumblebees (also spelled bumble bee, also known as humblebee) are flying insects of the genus Bombus in the family Apidae. Bumblebees are social insects that are characterized by black and yellow body hairs, often in bands, a commonality among the majority of the species of Bombus. However, some species are k...
Bumblebee Bumblebees (also spelled bumble bee, also known as humblebee) are flying insects of the genus Bombus in the family Apidae. Bumblebees are social insects that are characterized by black and yellow body hairs, often in bands, a commonality among the majority of the species of Bombus. However, some species are ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bumblebee
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wikidoc
Burosumab
Burosumab # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Burosumab Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yashasvi Aryaputra[2], Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[3] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare prov...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Burosumab
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wikidoc
Buserelin
Buserelin # Overview Buserelin (INN) is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist). The drug's effects are dependent on the frequency and time course of administration. GnRH is released in a pulsatile fashion in the postpubertal adult. Initial interaction of any GnRH agonist, such as buserelin, with th...
Buserelin Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aparna Vuppala, M.B.B.S. [2] # Overview Buserelin (INN) is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist). The drug's effects are dependent on the frequency and time course of administration. GnRH is released in a ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buserelin
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Buspirone
Buspirone # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Buspirone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an e...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buspar_Dividose
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wikidoc
Butterbur
Butterbur The plants commonly referred to as Butterbur are found in the daisy family Asteraceae in the genus Petasites. They are mostly quite robust plants with thick, creeping underground rhizomes and large Rhubarb-like leaves during the growing season. Another common name for many species of this genus is Sweet Colts...
Butterbur The plants commonly referred to as Butterbur are found in the daisy family Asteraceae in the genus Petasites. They are mostly quite robust plants with thick, creeping underground rhizomes and large Rhubarb-like leaves during the growing season. Another common name for many species of this genus is Sweet Colt...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butterbur
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wikidoc
Exenatide
Exenatide # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Exenatide Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2]; Sree Teja Yelamanchili, MBBS [3] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provide...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Byetta
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wikidoc
Nebivolol
Nebivolol ## Hypertension - Dosing information - The dose of Nebivolol must be individualized to the needs of the patient. - Recommended starting dosage: 5 mg PO qd, with or without food, as monotherapy or in combination with other agents. - For patients requiring further reduction in blood pressure, the dose can be i...
Nebivolol ### Hypertension - Dosing information - The dose of Nebivolol must be individualized to the needs of the patient. - Recommended starting dosage: 5 mg PO qd, with or without food, as monotherapy or in combination with other agents. - For patients requiring further reduction in blood pressure, the dose can be ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bystolic
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wikidoc
C-peptide
C-peptide # Overview C-peptide is a peptide which is made when proinsulin is split into insulin and C-peptide. They split when proinsulin is released from the pancreas into the blood in response to a rise in serum glucose - one C-peptide for each insulin molecule. - In proinsulin, C-peptide is an amino-acid chain conn...
C-peptide Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview C-peptide is a peptide which is made when proinsulin is split into insulin and C-peptide. They split when proinsulin is released from the pancreas into the blood in response to a rise in serum glucose - one C-peptide for each insulin molecule. - ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C-Peptide
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C10orf118
C10orf118 C10orf118 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C10orf118 gene The C10orf118 (CCDC186) gene is also known as the CTCL-tumor associated antigen with accession number NM_018017. # Gene ## Location C10orf118 has the chromosome location of 10q25.3 and is 53,750 bases in size oriented on the minus stran...
C10orf118 C10orf118 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C10orf118 gene [2] The C10orf118 (CCDC186) gene is also known as the CTCL-tumor associated antigen with accession number NM_018017.[3] # Gene ## Location C10orf118 has the chromosome location of 10q25.3 and is 53,750 bases in size oriented on the minu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C10orf118
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C14orf159
C14orf159 UPF0317 protein C14orf159, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C14orf159 gene (chromosome 14 open reading frame 159). # Orthologs The human gene, c14orf159 mRNA, is highly conserved in mammals and birds. Orthologs gathered from BLAST and BLAT searches reveal that the human c14orf159 m...
C14orf159 UPF0317 protein C14orf159, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C14orf159 gene (chromosome 14 open reading frame 159).[1] # Orthologs The human gene, c14orf159 mRNA, is highly conserved in mammals and birds.[2] Orthologs gathered from BLAST and BLAT searches reveal that the human c14o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C14orf159
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C20orf111
C20orf111 Chromosome 20 open reading frame 111, or C20orf111, is the hypothetical protein that in humans is encoded by the C20orf111 gene. C20orf111 is also known as Perit1 (peroxide inducible transcript 1), HSPC207, and dJ1183I21.1. It was originally located using genomic sequencing of chromosome 20. The National Cen...
C20orf111 Chromosome 20 open reading frame 111, or C20orf111, is the hypothetical protein that in humans is encoded by the C20orf111 gene.[1] C20orf111 is also known as Perit1 (peroxide inducible transcript 1), HSPC207, and dJ1183I21.1.[2] It was originally located using genomic sequencing of chromosome 20.[3] The Na...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C20orf111
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wikidoc
CAMP test
CAMP test Synonyms and keywords: CAMP reaction; Christie Atkins Munch–Petersen reaction; Christie-Atkins-Munch–Petersen reaction # Overview The CAMP test is a test to identify Group B β-streptococci based on their formation of a substance (CAMP factor) that enlarges the area of hemolysis formed by β-hemolysin from Sta...
CAMP test Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: CAMP reaction; Christie Atkins Munch–Petersen reaction; Christie-Atkins-Munch–Petersen reaction # Overview The CAMP test is a test to identify Group B β-streptococci[1][2] based on their formation of a substance (CAMP factor[3]) that ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CAMP_reaction
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Caspase 1
Caspase 1 Caspase-1/Interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that proteolytically cleaves other proteins, such as the precursors of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interleukin 18 as well as the pyroptosis inducer Gasdermin D, into active mature peptides. It plays a centr...
Caspase 1 Caspase-1/Interleukin-1 converting enzyme (ICE) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that proteolytically cleaves other proteins, such as the precursors of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interleukin 18 as well as the pyroptosis inducer Gasdermin D, into active mature peptides.[1][2][3] It pla...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP1
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Caspase 2
Caspase 2 Caspase 2 also known as CASP2 is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the CASP2 gene. CASP2 orthologs have been identified in nearly all mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. # Function Sequential activat...
Caspase 2 Caspase 2 also known as CASP2 is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the CASP2 gene.[1] CASP2 orthologs [2] have been identified in nearly all mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. # Function Sequential ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP2
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Caspase 6
Caspase 6 Caspase-6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP6 gene. CASP6 orthologs have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. Caspase-6 has known functions in apoptosis, early immun...
Caspase 6 Caspase-6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP6 gene.[1][2] CASP6 orthologs [3] have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. Caspase-6 has known functions in apoptosis[4]...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP6
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wikidoc
Caspase 7
Caspase 7 Caspase-7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase, also known as CASP7, is a human protein encoded by the CASP7 gene. CASP7 orthologs have been identified in nearly all mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. # Fu...
Caspase 7 Caspase-7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase, also known as CASP7, is a human protein encoded by the CASP7 gene. CASP7 orthologs [1] have been identified in nearly all mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP7
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Caspase 8
Caspase 8 Caspase-8 is a caspase protein, encoded by the CASP8 gene. It most likely acts upon caspase-3. CASP8 orthologs have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. These unique orthologs are also present in birds. # Function The CASP8 gene encodes a member of the cysteine-as...
Caspase 8 Caspase-8 is a caspase protein, encoded by the CASP8 gene. It most likely acts upon caspase-3. CASP8 orthologs[1] have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. These unique orthologs are also present in birds. # Function The CASP8 gene encodes a member of the cystein...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP8
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wikidoc
Caspase-9
Caspase-9 Caspase-9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP9 gene. It is an initiator caspase, critical to the apoptotic pathway found in many tissues. Caspase-9 homologs have been identified in all mammals for which they are known to exist, such as Mus musculus and Pan troglodytes. Caspase-9 belongs to a fa...
Caspase-9 Caspase-9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP9 gene. It is an initiator caspase,[1] critical to the apoptotic pathway found in many tissues.[2] Caspase-9 homologs have been identified in all mammals for which they are known to exist, such as Mus musculus and Pan troglodytes.[3] Caspase-9 belon...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CASP9
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wikidoc
Clonidine
Clonidine # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Clonidine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alonso Alvarado, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CATAPRES_adverse_reactions
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wikidoc
Cyclin A2
Cyclin A2 Cyclin-A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNA2 gene. It is one of the two types of cyclin A: cyclin A1 is expressed during meiosis and embryogenesis while cyclin A2 is expressed in dividing somatic cells. # Function Cyclin A2 belongs to the cyclin family, whose members regulate cell cycle prog...
Cyclin A2 Cyclin-A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNA2 gene.[1] It is one of the two types of cyclin A: cyclin A1 is expressed during meiosis and embryogenesis while cyclin A2 is expressed in dividing somatic cells.[2] # Function Cyclin A2 belongs to the cyclin family, whose members regulate cell cyc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCNA2
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wikidoc
Cyclin B1
Cyclin B1 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB1 gene. # Function Cyclin B1 is a regulatory protein involved in mitosis. The gene product complexes with p34 (Cdk1) to form the maturation-promoting factor (MPF). Two alternative transcripts have been found, a constitutively exp...
Cyclin B1 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB1 gene.[1] # Function Cyclin B1 is a regulatory protein involved in mitosis. The gene product complexes with p34 (Cdk1) to form the maturation-promoting factor (MPF). Two alternative transcripts have been found, a constitutively...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCNB1
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wikidoc
Cyclin B2
Cyclin B2 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB2 gene. # Function Cyclin B2 is a member of the cyclin family, specifically the B-type cyclins. The B-type cyclins, B1 and B2, associate with p34cdc2 and are essential components of the cell cycle regulatory machinery. B1 and B2 ...
Cyclin B2 G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB2 gene. # Function Cyclin B2 is a member of the cyclin family, specifically the B-type cyclins. The B-type cyclins, B1 and B2, associate with p34cdc2 and are essential components of the cell cycle regulatory machinery. B1 and B2...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCNB2
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wikidoc
Cyclin D1
Cyclin D1 Cyclin D1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND1 gene. # Gene expression The CCND1 gene encodes the cyclin D1 protein. The human CCND1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 11 (band 11q13). It is 13,388 base pairs long, and translates into 295 amino acids. Cyclin D1 is expressed in all...
Cyclin D1 Cyclin D1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND1 gene.[1][2] # Gene expression The CCND1 gene encodes the cyclin D1 protein. The human CCND1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 11 (band 11q13). It is 13,388 base pairs long, and translates into 295 amino acids.[3] Cyclin D1 is expres...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCND1
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wikidoc
Cyclin D2
Cyclin D2 G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND2 gene. # Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of...
Cyclin D2 G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCND2 gene.[1] # Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulator...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCND2
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wikidoc
Stimulant
Stimulant # Overview Stimulants are drugs that temporarily increase alertness and awareness. They usually have increased side-effects with increased effectiveness, and the more powerful variants are therefore often prescription medicines or illegal drugs. # Function Stimulants increase the activity of either the symp...
Stimulant Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Stimulants are drugs that temporarily increase alertness and awareness. They usually have increased side-effects with increased effectiveness, and the more powerful variants are therefore often prescription medicines or illegal drugs. # Function...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CNS_stimulant
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wikidoc
CNTO 1275
CNTO 1275 CNTO 1275 is the experimental name for a human immunosuppressive drug developed by the biotechnology company Centocor. It is a laboratory-manufactured, monoclonal antibody directed against interleukins IL-12 and IL-23 and presently undergoing clinical trials to determine its safety and effectiveness against ...
CNTO 1275 CNTO 1275 is the experimental name for a human immunosuppressive drug developed by the biotechnology company Centocor. It is a laboratory-manufactured, monoclonal antibody directed against interleukins IL-12 and IL-23 and presently undergoing clinical trials to determine its safety and effectiveness against...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CNTO_1275
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wikidoc
COUP-TFII
COUP-TFII COUP-TFII (COUP transcription factor 2), also known as NR2F2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2F2 gene. The COUP acronym stands for chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter. # Function COUP-TFII plays a critical role in controlling the development o...
COUP-TFII COUP-TFII (COUP transcription factor 2), also known as NR2F2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2F2 gene.[1][2] The COUP acronym stands for chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter. # Function COUP-TFII plays a critical role in controlling the develo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/COUP-TFII
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wikidoc
CRE boxes
CRE boxes CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor that binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the genes. CREB was first described in 1987 as a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive trans...
CRE boxes Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)[1] is a cellular transcription factor that binds to certain DNA sequences called cAMP response elements (CRE), thereby increasing or decreasing the transcription of the genes.[2] CREB was first described in 1987 as a cyclic adenosine...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CRE_boxes
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wikidoc
CYP2C9*13
CYP2C9*13 Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), a member of the CYP2C enzyme subfamily, ranks amongst the most important drug metabolizing enzymes in humans. Human CYP2C9 has been shown to exhibit genetic polymorphism. In addition to the wild-type protein CYP2C9*1, at least 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been r...
CYP2C9*13 Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), a member of the CYP2C enzyme subfamily, ranks amongst the most important drug metabolizing enzymes in humans. Human CYP2C9 has been shown to exhibit genetic polymorphism. In addition to the wild-type protein CYP2C9*1, at least 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CYP2C9*13
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Caecilian
Caecilian The caecilians (Template:Pron-en) are an order (Gymnophiona or Apoda) of amphibians that superficially resemble earthworms or snakes. They mostly live hidden in the ground, which makes them the least explored order of amphibians, and widely unknown. # Anatomy Caecilians completely lack limbs, making the smal...
Caecilian The caecilians (Template:Pron-en) are an order (Gymnophiona or Apoda) of amphibians that superficially resemble earthworms or snakes. They mostly live hidden in the ground, which makes them the least explored order of amphibians, and widely unknown. # Anatomy Caecilians completely lack limbs, making the sma...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caecilian
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Verapamil
Verapamil # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Verapamil Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2], Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [3] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. Wik...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calan
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Calbindin
Calbindin Calbindin refers to several calcium-binding proteins. They were originally described as vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding proteins in the intestine and kidney in the chick and mammals. They are now classified in different sub-families as they differ in the number of Ca2+ binding EF-hand sites. # Calbindin-...
Calbindin Calbindin refers to several calcium-binding proteins. They were originally described as vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding proteins in the intestine and kidney in the chick and mammals. They are now classified in different sub-families as they differ in the number of Ca2+ binding EF-hand sites. # Calbindin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calbindin
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wikidoc
Calcaneus
Calcaneus # Overview The calcaneus is the largest bone of the human foot. The skeleton of the human foot is made up of three groups of bones: the tarsus, the metatarsus and the phalanges. The tarsal bones consist of the calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, and the first, second, and third cuneiforms. The calcaneus for...
Calcaneus Template:Infobox Bone # Overview The calcaneus is the largest bone of the human foot. The skeleton of the human foot is made up of three groups of bones: the tarsus, the metatarsus and the phalanges. The tarsal bones consist of the calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, and the first, second, and third cuneif...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcaneal_tuberosity
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wikidoc
Vitamin D
Vitamin D # Overview Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble prohormones, the two major forms of which are vitamin D2 (or ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (or cholecalciferol). The term vitamin D also refers to metabolites and other analogues of these substances. Vitamin D3 is produced in skin exposed to sunlight, specifica...
Vitamin D Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Hector Tamez [3] # Overview Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble prohormones, the two major forms of which are vitamin D2 (or ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (or cholecalciferol).[1] The term vitamin D also refers to metabolites...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calciferol
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wikidoc
Scheelite
Scheelite Scheelite is a calcium tungstate mineral with the chemical formula CaWO4. It is an important ore of tungsten. Well-formed crystals are sought by collectors and are occasionally fashioned into gemstones when suitably free of flaws. Scheelite has been synthesized via the Czochralski process; the material produc...
Scheelite Template:Infobox mineral Scheelite is a calcium tungstate mineral with the chemical formula CaWO4. It is an important ore of tungsten. Well-formed crystals are sought by collectors and are occasionally fashioned into gemstones when suitably free of flaws. Scheelite has been synthesized via the Czochralski pr...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_tungstate
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wikidoc
Caldesmon
Caldesmon Caldesmon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALD1 gene. Caldesmon is a calmodulin binding protein. Like calponin, caldesmon tonically inhibits the ATPase activity of myosin in smooth muscle. This gene encodes a calmodulin- and actin-binding protein that plays an essential role in the regulation o...
Caldesmon Caldesmon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALD1 gene.[1][2] Caldesmon is a calmodulin binding protein. Like calponin, caldesmon tonically inhibits the ATPase activity of myosin in smooth muscle. This gene encodes a calmodulin- and actin-binding protein that plays an essential role in the regul...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caldesmon
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wikidoc
Camazepam
Camazepam # Overview Camazepam is a benzodiazepine psychoactive drug, marketed under the brand names Albego, Limpidon and Paxor. It is the dimethyl carbamate ester of temazepam, a metabolite of diazepam. While it possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant and hypnotic properties it differs from oth...
Camazepam Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Camazepam[1] is a benzodiazepine psychoactive drug, marketed under the brand names Albego, Limpidon and Paxor. It is the dimethyl carbamate ester of temazepam, a metabolite of diazepam.[2] While it possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, skeletal m...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Camazepam
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wikidoc
Cand.med.
Cand.med. Candidatus medicinæ (male), Candidata medicinæ (female), abbreviated cand. med. is a academic degree awarded in Denmark and Norway following a six year medical school education. The education is offered at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University of Bergen, University of Oslo and Univers...
Cand.med. Candidatus medicinæ (male), Candidata medicinæ (female), abbreviated cand. med. is a academic degree awarded in Denmark and Norway following a six year medical school education. The education is offered at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University of Bergen, University of Oslo and Univer...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cand.med.
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wikidoc
Cangrelor
Cangrelor # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Cangrelor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Martin Nino [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cangrelor
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wikidoc
Capacitor
Capacitor A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors (called "plates"). The process of storing energy in the capacitor is known as "charging", and involves electric charges of equal magnitude, but opposite polarity, building up on each plate....
Capacitor A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors (called "plates"). The process of storing energy in the capacitor is known as "charging", and involves electric charges of equal magnitude, but opposite polarity, building up on each plate...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capacitor
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wikidoc
Captopril
Captopril # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Captopril Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [2], Amr Marawan, M.D. [3], Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [4] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capoten
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wikidoc
Carbachol
Carbachol # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Carbachol Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbachol
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wikidoc
Carbamate
Carbamate # Overview Carbamates or urethanes are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure -NH(CO)O-. Carbamates are esters of carbamic acid, NH2COOH, an unstable compound. Since carbamic acid contains a nitrogen attached to a carboxyl group it is also an amide. Therefor...
Carbamate # Overview Carbamates or urethanes are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure -NH(CO)O-. Carbamates are esters of carbamic acid, NH2COOH, an unstable compound. Since carbamic acid contains a nitrogen attached to a carboxyl group it is also an amide. Therefor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbamate
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wikidoc
Carbamide
Carbamide # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Carbamide Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbamide
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wikidoc
Carbenoid
Carbenoid In chemistry a carbenoid is a reactive intermediate that shares reaction characteristics with a carbene . In the Simmons-Smith reaction the carbenoid intermediate is a zinc / iodine complex that takes the form of This complex reacts with an alkene to form a cyclopropane just as a carbene would do. Carbenoids ...
Carbenoid In chemistry a carbenoid is a reactive intermediate that shares reaction characteristics with a carbene [1]. In the Simmons-Smith reaction the carbenoid intermediate is a zinc / iodine complex that takes the form of This complex reacts with an alkene to form a cyclopropane just as a carbene would do. Carbeno...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbenoid
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wikidoc
Carbidopa
Carbidopa # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Carbidopa Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anusha Vege, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbidopa
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wikidoc
Carbon-12
Carbon-12 Carbon-12 is the most abundant of the two stable isotopes of the element carbon, accounting for 98.89% of carbon; it contains 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. Carbon-12 is of particular importance as it is used as the standard from which atomic masses of all nuclides are measured: its mass number is by...
Carbon-12 Template:Infobox isotope Carbon-12 is the most abundant of the two stable isotopes of the element carbon, accounting for 98.89% of carbon; it contains 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. Carbon-12 is of particular importance as it is used as the standard from which atomic masses of all nuclides are measu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon-12
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wikidoc
Carbon-13
Carbon-13 # Detection by NMR spectroscopy Because of its nuclear spin properties, this isotope responds to a resonant radio frequency (RF) signal. The absorption and emission of the RF signal by the nuclei can be monitored and detected using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, most commonly known as NMR spectrosc...
Carbon-13 Template:Infobox isotopeCarbon-13 (13C) is a natural, stable isotope of carbon and one of the environmental isotopes. It makes up about 1.1% of all natural carbon on Earth. Pure carbon-13 costs about 700 USD per gram.[1] # Detection by NMR spectroscopy Because of its nuclear spin properties, this isotope r...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon-13
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wikidoc
Carbon-14
Carbon-14 Carbon-14, 14C, or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon discovered on February 27, 1940, by Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben at the University of California Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley. Its nucleus contains 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Its presence in organic materials is the basis of the radiocarbon d...
Carbon-14 Template:Infobox isotope Carbon-14, 14C, or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon discovered on February 27, 1940, by Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben at the University of California Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley. Its nucleus contains 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Its presence in organic materials is the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon-14
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wikidoc
Carbonate
Carbonate In chemistry, a carbonate is a salt or ester of carbonic acid. # Applications Soda water (also known as Seltzer water) is water with CO2 dissolved under pressure. The taste of soda water was discovered by the 18th century chemist Joseph Priestley. To test for the presence...
Carbonate In chemistry, a carbonate is a salt or ester of carbonic acid. # Applications Soda water (also known as Seltzer water) is water with CO2 dissolved under pressure. The taste of soda water was discovered by the 18th century chemist Joseph Priestley. To test for the presenc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbonate
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wikidoc
Carbuncle
Carbuncle # Overview A carbuncle is an abscess, larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by bacterial infection. # Pathophysiology Carbuncles may develop anywhere, but they are most common on the back and the nape of the neck. Men get carbuncles more often...
Carbuncle Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: # Overview A carbuncle is an abscess, larger than a boil, usually with one or more openings draining pus onto the skin. It is usually caused by bacterial infection. # Pathophysiology Carbuncles may develop anywhere, but they ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbuncle
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wikidoc
Carcinoma
Carcinoma # Overview In medicine, carcinoma is any cancer that arises from epithelial cells. It is malignant by definition: carcinomas invade surrounding tissues and organs, and may spread to lymph nodes and distal sites (metastasis). Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a pre-malignant condition, in which cytological signs of ...
Carcinoma Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In medicine, carcinoma is any cancer that arises from epithelial cells. It is malignant by definition: carcinomas invade surrounding tissues and organs, and may spread to lymph nodes and distal sites (metastasis). Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a pre...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carcinoma
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wikidoc
Sestamibi
Sestamibi # Overview Sestamibi is a radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine imaging. It is also known as methoxyisobutylisonitrile or MIBI. The radioisotope attached to the sestamibi molecule is technetium-99m, forming 99Tcm-sestamibi (or Tc99m MIBI). # Uses Its main use is for imaging the myocardium (heart musc...
Sestamibi # Overview Sestamibi is a radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine imaging. It is also known as methoxyisobutylisonitrile or MIBI. The radioisotope attached to the sestamibi molecule is technetium-99m, forming 99Tcm-sestamibi (or Tc99m MIBI). # Uses Its main use is for imaging the myocardium (heart musc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiolite
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wikidoc
Doxazosin
Doxazosin # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Doxazosin Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intend...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardura
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wikidoc
Carnitine
Carnitine # Overview Carnitine, also known as L-carnitine or levocarnitine, is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine. It helps in the consumption and disposal of fat in the body because it is responsible for the transport of fatty acids from the cytosol into the mitoc...
Carnitine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Carnitine, also known as L-carnitine or levocarnitine, is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.[1] It helps in the consumption and disposal of fat in the body because it is responsible for the t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carnitine
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Carnivora
Carnivora The diverse order Carnivora (Template:IPAEng or sometimes Template:IPA; from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") includes over 260 species of placental mammals. Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, while the word "carnivore" (often popularly applied to members of this group...
Carnivora The diverse order Carnivora (Template:IPAEng or sometimes Template:IPA; from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") includes over 260 species of placental mammals. Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, while the word "carnivore" (often popularly applied to members of this grou...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carnivora
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wikidoc
Carnivore
Carnivore A carnivore (Template:IPAEng), meaning 'meat eater' (Latin carne meaning 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour'), is an animal with a diet consisting mainly of meat, whether it comes from animals living (predation) or dead (scavenging). In a more general sense, animals are loosely considered carnivores if the...
Carnivore A carnivore (Template:IPAEng), meaning 'meat eater' (Latin carne meaning 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour'), is an animal with a diet consisting mainly of meat, whether it comes from animals living (predation) or dead (scavenging). In a more general sense, animals are loosely considered carnivores if th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carnivore
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wikidoc
Carnosine
Carnosine Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. A small 2002 study reported that carnosine improved on a measure of socialization and receptive vocabulary in children with autism. Improvement in this study...
Carnosine Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. A small 2002 study reported that carnosine improved on a measure of socialization and receptive vocabulary in children with autism.[1] Improvement in this s...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carnosine
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wikidoc
Carprofen
Carprofen # Overview Carprofen (marketed as Vetprofen, Rimadyl, Imadyl, Novox, Imafen and Rovera) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that veterinarians prescribe as a supportive treatment for various conditions. It provides day-to-day treatment for pain and inflammation from arthritis in geriatric dogs, joint p...
Carprofen Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Carprofen (marketed as Vetprofen,[1] Rimadyl,[2] Imadyl, Novox, Imafen and Rovera) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that veterinarians prescribe as a supportive treatment for various conditions. It provides day-to-day treatment for pain ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carprofen
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wikidoc
Safflower
Safflower Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. ) is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual, usually with many long sharp spines on the leaves. Plants are 30 to 150 cm tall with globular flower heads (capitula) and commonly, brilliant yellow, orange or red flowers which bloom in July. Each branch will usually...
Safflower Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. [1]) is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual, usually with many long sharp spines on the leaves. Plants are 30 to 150 cm tall with globular flower heads (capitula) and commonly, brilliant yellow, orange or red flowers which bloom in July. Each branch will usu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carthamus_Tinctorius
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wikidoc
Castoreum
Castoreum Castoreum is the name given to the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature North American Beaver Castor canadensis and the European Beaver, Castor fiber. Within the zoological realm, castoreum is the yellowish secretion of the castor sac in combination with the beaver's urine, used during scent marking of ...
Castoreum Castoreum is the name given to the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature North American Beaver Castor canadensis and the European Beaver, Castor fiber. Within the zoological realm, castoreum is the yellowish secretion of the castor sac in combination with the beaver's urine, used during scent marking of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Castoreum
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wikidoc
Catalepsy
Catalepsy Catalepsy is a condition characterized by muscular rigidity, fixity of posture and decreased sensitivity to pain. Professionals once believed this disorder was the result of (controllable) mental states that had no basis in physiology. Researchers now know, however, that catalepsy does not appear of its own ...
Catalepsy Catalepsy is a condition characterized by muscular rigidity, fixity of posture and decreased sensitivity to pain. Professionals once believed this disorder was the result of (controllable) mental states that had no basis in physiology. Researchers now know, however, that catalepsy does not appear of its own...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Catalepsy
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wikidoc
Catalysis
Catalysis In chemistry and biology, catalysis is the acceleration (increase in rate) of a chemical reaction by means of a substance called a catalyst, which is itself not consumed by the overall reaction. More generally, one may at times call anything that accelerates a process, a "catalyst" (f related to the verb κατα...
Catalysis In chemistry and biology, catalysis is the acceleration (increase in rate) of a chemical reaction by means of a substance called a catalyst, which is itself not consumed by the overall reaction. More generally, one may at times call anything that accelerates a process, a "catalyst" (f related to the verb κατ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Catalyse
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wikidoc
Cataplexy
Cataplexy # Overview Cataplexy is a medical condition which often affects people who have narcolepsy, a disorder whose principal signs are EDS (Excessive Daytime Sleepiness), sleep attacks, sleep paralysis, hypnopompic hallucinations and disturbed night-time sleep. Cataplexy is sometimes confused with epilepsy, where...
Cataplexy For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S. # Overview Cataplexy is a medical condition which often affects people who have narcolepsy, a disorder whose principal signs are EDS (Excessive Daytime Sleepiness),...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cataplexy
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wikidoc
Catatonia
Catatonia # Overview Catatonia is a syndrome of psychic and motoric disturbances. In the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V), catatonia became recognized as a separate disorder. Catatonia is also associated with psychiatric condition...
Catatonia Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S. # Overview Catatonia is a syndrome of psychic and motoric disturbances. In the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Menta...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Catatonia
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wikidoc
Catharsis
Catharsis Catharsis (Template:Polytonic) is a Greek word meaning "purification" or "cleansing" derived from the ancient Greek gerund καθαίρειν transliterated as kathairein "to purify, purge," and adjective katharos "pure or clean" (ancient and modern Greek: καθαρός). # Dramaturgical uses The term in drama refers to a ...
Catharsis Catharsis (Template:Polytonic) is a Greek word meaning "purification" or "cleansing" derived from the ancient Greek gerund καθαίρειν transliterated as kathairein "to purify, purge," and adjective katharos "pure or clean" (ancient and modern Greek: καθαρός). # Dramaturgical uses The term in drama refers to a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Catharsis
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wikidoc
Cathartic
Cathartic # Overview In medicine, a cathartic is a substance which accelerates defecation. This is in contrast to a laxative, which is a substance which eases defecation, usually by softening the stool. It is possible for a substance to be both a laxative and a cathartic. However, agents such as psyllium seed husks in...
Cathartic Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In medicine, a cathartic is a substance which accelerates defecation. This is in contrast to a laxative, which is a substance which eases defecation, usually by softening the stool.[1] It is possible for a substance to be both a laxative and a ca...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cathartic
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wikidoc
Causality
Causality # Overview Causality or causation denotes a logical relationship between one event (called cause) and another event (called effect) which is the direct consequence (result) of the first. While this informal understanding will suffice in everyday usage, the philosophical analysis of causality or causation ha...
Causality Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Causality or causation denotes a logical relationship between one event (called cause) and another event (called effect) which is the direct consequence (result) of the first.[1] While this informal understanding will suffice in everyday usage, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Causality
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wikidoc
Corrosive
Corrosive A corrosive substance is one that will destroy or irreversibly damage another substance with which it comes in contact. The main hazards to people include damage to eyes, skin and tissue under the skin, but inhalation or ingestion of a corrosive substance can damage the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts...
Corrosive A corrosive substance is one that will destroy or irreversibly damage another substance with which it comes in contact. The main hazards to people include damage to eyes, skin and tissue under the skin, but inhalation or ingestion of a corrosive substance can damage the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caustic_(substance)
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wikidoc
Caverject
Caverject Caverject is an injection of a chemical called alprostadil, produced by Upjohn, used to treat Erectile dysfunction (impotence in men). Caverject Sterile Powder contains alprostadil as the naturally occurring form of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and designated chemically as (11alpha, 13E, 15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo...
Caverject Template:Cleanup Caverject is an injection of a chemical called alprostadil, produced by Upjohn, used to treat Erectile dysfunction (impotence in men). Caverject Sterile Powder contains alprostadil as the naturally occurring form of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and designated chemically as (11alpha, 13E, 15S)-11,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caverject
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wikidoc
Resonator
Resonator A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance or resonant behavior, that is, it naturally oscillates at some frequencies, called its resonance frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others. Although its usage has broadened, the term usually refers to a physical object that oscillates at spe...
Resonator Template:Electromagnetism3 A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance or resonant behavior, that is, it naturally oscillates at some frequencies, called its resonance frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others. Although its usage has broadened, the term usually refers to a physical o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cavity_resonator
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wikidoc
Cediranib
Cediranib # Overview Cediranib (tentative trade name Recentin), also known as AZD2171, is a potent inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinases. It is being developed by AstraZeneca as a possible chemotherapeutic agent for oral administration. As of 2007, it is undergoing Phase I cl...
Cediranib # Overview Cediranib (tentative trade name Recentin), also known as AZD2171, is a potent inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinases. It is being developed by AstraZeneca as a possible chemotherapeutic agent for oral administration. As of 2007, it is undergoing Phase I cl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cediranib
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wikidoc
Cefalexin
Cefalexin # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Cefalexin Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adeel Jamil, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefalexin
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wikidoc
Cefovecin
Cefovecin # Overview Cefovecin (INN) is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin class, licensed for the treatment of skin infections in cats and dogs. It is marketed by Zoetis under the trade name Convenia. It is the first single-dose injectable antibiotic for dogs and cats that assures owner compliance with dosing for the...
Cefovecin Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cefovecin (INN) is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin class, licensed for the treatment of skin infections in cats and dogs. It is marketed by Zoetis under the trade name Convenia. It is the first single-dose injectable antibiotic for dogs and ca...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefovecin
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wikidoc
Cefprozil
Cefprozil # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Cefprozil Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gloria Picoy [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefprozil
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wikidoc
Cefradine
Cefradine # Overview Cefradine (INN) (formerly cephradine BAN) is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. # Indications It has similar spectrum of activity to cefalexin. RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (e.g., tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and lobar pneumonia) caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and S. pneumo...
Cefradine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cefradine (INN) (formerly cephradine BAN) is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. # Indications It has similar spectrum of activity to cefalexin. RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (e.g., tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and lobar pneumonia) caused ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefradine
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wikidoc
Celecoxib
Celecoxib # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Celecoxib Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an e...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Celebrex
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wikidoc
Cell type
Cell type A cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. When a cell switches state from one cell type to another, it undergoes cellular differentiation. Three Domains of life: Eukaryota, bacteria and archaea Eukaryotes: animals, humans, plants and , also algae, and protozoa. Prokaryotes: bacteri...
Cell type A cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. When a cell switches state from one cell type to another, it undergoes cellular differentiation. Three Domains of life: Eukaryota, bacteria and archaea [1] Eukaryotes: animals, humans, plants and , also algae, and protozoa. Prokaryotes: bac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cell_type
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wikidoc
Cellulite
Cellulite Cellulite describes a condition that occurs in men and women where the skin of the lower limbs, abdomen, and pelvic region becomes dimpled after puberty. The term was first used in the 1920s and began appearing in English language publications in the late 1960s, the earliest reference in Vogue magazine, "Like...
Cellulite Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Cellulite describes a condition that occurs in men and women where the skin of the lower limbs, abdomen, and pelvic region becomes dimpled after puberty.[1] The term was first used in the 1920s and began appearing in English language publications in the late...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cellulite
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wikidoc
Cellulose
Cellulose Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n. It is a structural polysaccharide derived from beta-glucose. Cellulose is the primary structural component of green plants. The primary cell wall of green plants is made of cellulose; acetic acid bacteria are also known to synthesize cellulose, a...
Cellulose Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n. It is a structural polysaccharide derived from beta-glucose.[1][2] Cellulose is the primary structural component of green plants. The primary cell wall of green plants is made of cellulose; acetic acid bacteria are also known to synthesize cellu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cellulose