question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Circumcision is done in a child in which of the following conditions - | [
"Phimosis",
"Recurrent balanitis",
"Paraphimosis",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The gallbladder of a 51-year-old female patient is characterized by the presence of multiple gallstones, consistent with the diagnosis of cholecystitis. Which of the following tests would be anticipated to be positive in this patient? | [
"Rebound tenderness",
"Iliopsoas test",
"Obturator sign",
"Murphy's sign"
] | D | Murphy's sign is a specific test designed to detect and diagnose problems in the upper right abdominal quadrant. It is classically used to diagnose problems of the gallbladder by pressing deeply under the right costal margin and asking the patient to breathe deeply. This causes sharp pain in the patient with cholecysti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acute cerebral edema occurs at high altitude due to | [
"|apillary blood pressure",
"Cerebral arteriolar dilation",
"Hypoxic damage to capillary walls leading to capillary leak",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. d. (All of the above) (Ref. Guyton physiology 11th ed., 541)ACUTE MOUNTAIN SICKNESS AND HIGH-ALTITUDE CEREBRAL & PULMONARY EDEMAA small percentage of people who ascend rapidly to high altitudes become acutely sick and can die if not given oxygen or removed to a low altitude.The sickness begins from a few hours up ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A study generated a normal distribution with a mean value as 200 and standard deviation of 20. 68% of area will fall between | [
"180-220",
"160-240",
"190-210",
"150-250"
] | A | Normal curve (De Moivrre and Gauss)* Bell shaped, bilaterally symmetrical infinitely large number of observations* Area of the curve is 1* Mean median and mode all coincide which is 0* Standard deviation and variance- 1* Mean +- I SD = 68 % area* Mean +- 2 SD = 95 % area* Mean +- 3 SD = 99% area | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enzyme deficiency in Hurler syndrome? | [
"Iduronate sulfatase",
"a-l-Iduronidase",
"b-Galactosidase",
"Galactosamine 6-sulfatase"
] | B | Disease name Abbretion Enzyme Defective GaG(s) affected Symptoms Hurler syndrome MPS I a-l-Iduronidase Dermatan sulfate, Heparan sulfate Mental retardation, coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, cloudy cornea Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Page no:639; Table: 50-8 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The only indication of giving corticosteroids in pustular psoriasis is – | [
"Psoriatic erythroderma with pregnancy",
"Psoriasis in a pt. with alchoholic cirrhosis",
"Moderate arthritis",
"Extensive lesions"
] | A | Indications of systemic steroids in psoriasis
Generalized pustular psoriasis of pregnancy/erythroderma (only definitive indication)
Persistent, otherwise uncontrolled, erythrodernzic psoriasis causing metabolic complications.
Generalized pustular psoriasis, if other drugs are contraindicated or ineffective.
Severe pso... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is best to compare the vital statistics of countries? | [
"Crude death and birth rates",
"Age standardized death rate",
"Proportional mortality rate",
"Age specific death rate"
] | B | Ans. b (Age standardized death rate) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/, p 54)Age standardized death rate or age adjustment which removes the confounding effect of different age structures and yields a single standardized or adjusted rate by which the mortality experience can be compared directly.Crude Death RateCause-specific Crude... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Steiner's analysis, SNA demonstrates: | [
"Position of mandible in relation to cranial base",
"Position of maxilla in relation to cranial base",
"Maxillo-mandibular relationship",
"None of the above"
] | B | Relating the Maxilla to the Skull: The angle SNA is formed by joining the lines S-N and N-A . The mean reading for this angle is 82°.
Steiners analysis demonstrates the position of maxilla and mandible in relation to the cranial base.
If the angular reading is more than 82°, it would indicate a relative forward positi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Emile Durkheim is linked with work on which condition is psychiatry | [
"Suicide",
"Obsessive compulsive disorder",
"Anxiety disorder",
"Schizophrenia"
] | A | Durkheim's theory: first major contribution to the study of social and cultural influences on suicide was made by french sociologist Emile Durkheim. He divided suicides into three social categories- Egoistic, Altruistic amd Anomic. Ref: Synopsis of Psychiatry, 11e, pg 766. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shave biopsy is not done in: | [
"Viral was",
"Seborrheic keratoses",
"Basal cell carcinoma",
"Melanoma"
] | D | Shave biopsy done for superficial lesion including: Skin tags (Acro cordons) Was Molluscum contagiosum Seborrheic keratosis Keratoacanthoma BCC (Small low risk site) Cutaneous horn Dermatofibromas | train | med_mcqa | null |
Corneal deposits are seen in all except – | [
"Reis–bucklers corneal dystrophy",
"Endothelial dystrophy of fuchs",
"Hunters disease",
"Hurler's disease"
] | A | Endothelial dystrophies cause corneal deposits (not epithelial dystrophies like Reis - Buckler's dystrophy).
Hunter's syndrome and Hurler syndrome are mucopolysaccharidosis:-
"In all the mucopolysacharidosis (except MPS III - Sanfilipoo syndrome), corneal deposition may occur". — Pediatric Ophthalmology | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female presents with primary amenorrhea and absent vagina, the next investigation to be done is : | [
"LH / FSH assay",
"Chromosomal analysis",
"Urianalysis",
"Laparoscopy"
] | D | Laparoscopy | train | med_mcqa | null |
Retinoblastoma gene is located on? | [
"Chromosome 6",
"Chromosome 9",
"Chromosome 13",
"Chromosome 2l"
] | C | Robbins basic pathology 6th edition. Chapter Neoplasia. Pge no. 286. Retinoblastoma gene is located on chromosome no. 13. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Method of measuring blood loss is/are: | [
"Weighing swab.",
"Measurement of swelling in closed fractures.",
"Measurement of blood clot.",
"All of the above."
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Therapeutic aboion was accepted by - | [
"Declaration of Geneva (1948",
"Declaration of Oslo (1970)",
"Declaration of Helsinki",
"Declaration of Tokyo"
] | B | Therapeutic aboion In 1970 the World Medical Association drew up a Statement on Therapeutic Aboion. This code, known as the Declaration of Oslo, was amended by the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy in October 1983 and states: The first moral principle imposed upon the physician is respect of human life from it... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The best filling material in deciduous teeth for RCT: | [
"Gutta-percha",
"Calcium hydroxide",
"Zinc Oxide Eugenol",
"Amalgam"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Urease breath test is used to diagnose in which bacteria: | [
"Streptococci",
"H. pylori",
"C. jejuni",
"Bacteroides"
] | B | Ans. (b) H. pyloriRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 1114* For H. pylori the best non invasive investigation to diagnose the presence - Serology (ELISA)* The best investigation to diagnose eradication C13 and C14 urea breath test. Should be performed after - 4 weeks of therapy* The best invasive investigation (When... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following phenomenon is not associated with slow wave sleep? | [
"Somniloquy",
"Somnambulism",
"Sleep Atonia",
"Sleep enuresis"
] | C | NREM/Slow wave sleep disorders- Seen in stage 3 and 4. Somnambulism- sleep walking Somniloquy - sleep talking Sleep enuresis Night terror Bruxism (stage 2) Features of REM sleep: Sleep Atonia Dreaming Irregular hea rate | train | med_mcqa | null |
Both HBsAg and HBeAg are positive in | [
"Acute infectious Hepatitis B",
"Chronic Hepatitis B",
"Recovery phase of Hepatitis B",
"Individuals vaccinated with Hepatitis B"
] | A | Ref: Park&;s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25 th Ed Pgno : 235 SEROLOGICAL PATTERNS IN HEPATITIS B HBsAg Anti-HBs Anti-HBc HBeAg Anti-HBe Interpretation + - IgM + - Acute Hepatitis B + - IgG + - Chronic Hepatitis B+ replication - + IgG - + Recovery from Hepatitis B - + - - - Vaccinated individuals | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are types of elastic cailages, EXCEPT: | [
"Pinna",
"Epiglottis",
"Tip of arytenoid",
"Thyroid cailage"
] | D | Cailage is a fom of connective tissue, which contains a gel like matrix embedded with cells. They are of three types: Hyaline cailage, elsatic cailage and fibrous cailage.Elastic cailage consists of numerous yellow elastic fibres embedded in a matrix which explains its flexibility. It is seen in auricle of the ear, ext... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Female pseudoherm aphroditism M.C. cause - | [
"CAH",
"Maternal ovarian tumor",
"Maternal drug intake",
"Chromosomal abnormalities"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CAHo Female pseudo hermaphroditism n Have internal genitalia female typeKaryo type XXMasculinisation of external genitaliaMost common - CAHCongenital adrenal hyperplasiao M-C. 21 hydroxylase deficiencyOther cause excess maternal androgen due to -Maternal ovarian tumor.Maternal drug intake.TreatmentHor... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anemia with reticulocytosis is seen in? | [
"Hemorrhage",
"Severe iron deficiency",
"Severe vitamin B12 deficiency",
"Aplastic anemia"
] | A | In options 2,3,4 the anemias are due to some pathology or due to deficiency of nutrients and normal reticulocytes are not formed . In hemorrhage there is blood loss anemia and the normal pathway of RBC formation is followed and reticulocytes can be seen high reticulocyte count with low RBCs, low hemoglobin, and low hem... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tail of pancreas-related with | [
"Splenicorenal ligament",
"Gastrosplenic ligament",
"Phrenico colic ligament",
"Falciform ligament"
] | A | Tail of pancreas is the left end of the pancreas . It lies in the lienorenal ligament together with the splenic vessels. It comes into contact with the lower pa of the gastric surface of the spleen. ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg301 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common testicular tumour | [
"Seminoma",
"Teratoma",
"Seoli cell tumour",
"Chorio ca"
] | A | Seminoma is the most common germ cell tumor of the testis or, more rarely, the mediastinum or other extra- gonadal locations. It is a malignant neoplasm and is one of the most treatable and curable cancers, with a survival rate above 95% if discovered in early stages. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Verrucuous carcinoma is | [
"Extremely well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma",
"Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma",
"Adenosquamous carcinoma",
"Adenocarcinoma"
] | A | Verrucous carcinoma (also known as Ackerman tumor) is an uncommon exophytic low-grade well-differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma. This neoplasm typically involves the oral cavity, larynx, genitalia, skin, and esophagus Refer robbins 9/e | train | med_mcqa | null |
Respiratory alkalosis occur in - | [
"Excessive ventilation",
"Pyloric stenosis",
"Diabetic ketoacidosis",
"Primary hyperaldosteronism"
] | A | Excessive ventilation drives out CO2 from the body causing respiratory alkalosis.
Primary hyperaldosteronisni and pyloric stenosis cause metabolic alkalosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes metabolic acidosis
Consider the equation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Jarisch Herxheimer reaction is commonly seen in: | [
"Early syphilis",
"Late congenital syphilis",
"Latent syphilis",
"Syphilis of cardiovascular system"
] | A | A i.e. Early syphilis Jarisch - Herxheimer - Reaction, consisting of fever & constitutional symptoms may follow the treatment of syphilisQ most commonly in secondary syphilis > primary syphilis > Early latent syphilis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mendelson's syndrome is | [
"Air leak",
"Tracheal rupture during intubation",
"Oesophageal rupture",
"Aspiration of gastric content"
] | D | D i.e. Aspiration of gastric content - Mendelson's syndrome is d/t aspiration of gastric contentQ - It is prevented by Sellick's maneuver i.e. backward pressure on cricoid cailageQ. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase maximum increased in | [
"Alcoholism",
"Pancreatitis",
"Myocardial infarction",
"Hepatitis"
] | A | A. i.e. (Alcoholism) (107- U. Satyanarayan 3rd) (600- Rana -Shinde 7th)Important enzymes in the diagnosis of disease* SGPT / ALT- Liver disease (Hepatitis)* SGOT/AST- MI & Liver disease* LDH- MI, Infective hepatitis* CPK- Myocardial infarction* Aldolase- Muscular dystrophy* 5 - Nucleotidase- Hepatitis* Y- Glutamyl- tra... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Opiate withdrawal causes- | [
"Mydriasis",
"Dry skin and mouth",
"Tremors",
"Constipation"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mydriasis Morphine withdrawalo Manifestations of morphine withdrawal# Lacrimation# Anxiety & fear# Mydriasis# Diarrhea# Palpitation# Sweating# Restlessness# Insomnia# Dehydration# Rapid weight loss# Yawning# Gooseflash (Piloerection)# Abdominal colic# Rise in BP o Delirium and convulsions are not a ch... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The rotator cuff is composed of the following muscles EXCEPT: | [
"Teres minor",
"Supraspinatus",
"Infraspinatus",
"Teres major"
] | D | ANSWER: (D) Teres majorREF: Rockwood 6th Ed Pg 1303, Manual of Orthopaedics, 6th Edition Ch 16The muscle tendon units of the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis t and Teres Minor compose the rotator cuff.Each has its own specific muscle body but they coalesce together into one tendon as they pass through the su... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patient complaining of finger stiffness and dysphagia. What could be the most probable diagnosis: March 2005 | [
"Achalasia",
"Lower esophageal ring",
"Esophageal carcinoma",
"Scleroderma"
] | D | Ans. D: Scleroderma Diagnostic criteria for scleroderma: A.Major criterion: Proximal scleroderma is characterized by symmetric thickening, tightening, and induration of the skin of the fingers and the skin that is proximal to the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints. These changes may affect the entire ext... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs reduces alcohol craving and chances of resumed heavy drinking by alcoholics after they have undergone a detoxification programme with this drug? | [
"Chlordiazepoxide",
"Chlorpromazine",
"Methadone",
"Naltrexone"
] | D | Drugs decreasing alcohol craving are; None: Naltrexone Of: Ondansetron The: Topiramate Above: Acamprosate | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about Primary CNS Lymphoma except: | [
"Most common type in immunocompetent patients is DLBCL",
"Glucocoicoids should be given before biopsy to reduce the risk of edema",
"Stereotactic biopsy is necessary for histologic diagnosis",
"High-dose methotrexate is used for the treatment"
] | B | PCNSL: Has increased incidence in immunocompromised patients Most common type in immunocompetent patients is DLBCL Lymphoma anywhere in the body- Biopsy is needed for diagnosis In PCNL - Stereotactic biopsy is necessary for histologic diagnosis Steroids are C/I as they have cytolytic effect on tumor PCNL is also known ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Selective V2 receptor agonist useful for the treatment of central diabetes insipidus is: | [
"Arginine vasopressin",
"Desmopressin",
"Lypressin",
"Terlipressin"
] | B | Desmopressin Selective agonist of V2 receptors of vasopressin. It is used for: Central diabetes insipidus Nocturnal eneuresis Hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease S/E- Tachyphylaxis when treating for bleeding disorders | train | med_mcqa | null |
Occlusion of the LAD will lead to infarction of which area - | [
"Posterior part of the interventricular septum",
"Anterior wall of the left ventricle",
"Lateral part of the heart",
"Inferior surface of right ventricle"
] | B | Occlusion of proximal LAD can result in large anterior wall infarction. If it is distal LAD, then anteroapical or anteroseptal infarction can occur. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The active component of Bleaching powder is | [
"Hypochlorite",
"Hypochlorous acid",
"Hexachlorophane",
"Cetrimide"
] | B | Most active is Hypochlorous acid. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about plumbism is: | [
"Occurs due to lead poisoning",
"Burtonian line is seen",
"Peripheral neuritis is a marked feature",
"All of the above"
] | D | Lead poisoning (plumbism) occurs chiefly as an occupational hazard today, but occasionally occurs because of some other accidental exposure of either an acute or chronic nature.
The formation of a 'lead line' similar to the 'bismuth line' occurs in lead poisoning. This grey or bluish black line of sulphide pigmentation... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cyst coming from an unerupted tooth is | [
"Dentigerous cyst",
"Odontogenic keratocysts",
"Radicular cyst",
"Gorlin cysts"
] | A | Ans. (a) Dentigerous cystRef: Radiopedia.org. Prof Gaillard et al.DENTAL CYST (Radicular or periodontal cyst or Periapical cyst)DENTIGEROUS CYST (Follicular odontoma or Follicular cysts)Most common Odontogenic cyst2nd MC odontogenic CystDevelops at the apex of chronically infected tooth with necrotic pulp'(root of norm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mechanism of action of Progesterone only pill is: | [
"Makes mucus viscid",
"Prevents ovulation",
"Antispermatozoic",
"None of the above"
] | A | Makes mucus viscidq | train | med_mcqa | null |
All belong to the hematological manifestations used for the diagnostic criteria of SLE, EXCEPT: | [
"Leukopenia (<4000/L)",
"Lymphopenia (<1500/L)",
"Thrombocytopenia(<100,000/L)",
"Neutropenia (< 1500/L)"
] | D | Hematologic disorder used as the Diagnostic Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Hemolytic anemia Leukopenia (<4000/L) Lymphopenia (<1500/L) Thrombocytopenia(<100,000/L) in the absence of offending drugs Neutropenia is not being mentioned in the diagnostic criteria Table 319-3 Diagnostic Criteria for Systemic Lupu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A small amount of atropine is added to diphenoxylate in order to : | [
"Suppress associated vomiting of gastroenteritis",
"Augment the anti–motility action of diphenoxylate",
"Block side effects of diphenoxylate",
"Discourage overdose and abuse of diphenoxylate"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acetyl COA is produced from which fuel sources | [
"Carbohydrate",
"Lipid",
"Amino acids",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Features of Alzheimer's disease are all except? | [
"Narrowing of ventricles",
"Hirano bodies",
"amyloid",
"neuritic plaques"
] | A | Ans. (a) Narrowing of ventricles(Ref: Anderson 10th ed.2740, Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 1287-88; 8th/pg 1313)Compensatory ventricular enlargement due to extensive cortical atrophy is called hydrocephalus ex vacuo.This is seen in Alzheimer's and pick's disease.*The pathologic hallmark Q are plaques (both neuritic and senile) a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trigone of urinary bladder develops from | [
"Urogenital sinus",
"Vesicourethral canal",
"Mesonephric duct",
"Endoderm"
] | C | The terminal poion of Mesonephric duct gets absorbed into the posterior wall of urogenital sinus and forms the trigone of the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder develops from endodermal vesicourethral canal. Ref: Gray's 39e/p-1289 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The semi essential amino acids is: | [
"Arginine",
"Phenylalanine",
"Lysine",
"Tryptophan"
] | A | Ans. A. ArginineSemi essential amino acids are required by lactating mothers and growing children. They are arginine and histidine.Essential amino acids are those which cannot be produced by the body and a have to be supplemented from outside diet. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common presenting symptom of acute arterial occlusion: | [
"Pain",
"Pallor",
"Pulselessness",
"Paralysis"
] | A | Peripheral Arterial Occlusion
Clinical features of peripheral arterial occlusion are classically remembered by 5 Ps: Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paralysis and Paraesthesia (or anesthesia)
Some add 6th P: Poikilothermia or perishing cold
MC presenting symptom of acute arterial occlusion: Pain | train | med_mcqa | null |
62 Year old male presented to OP with the following condition. Which drug is used to treat him permanently? | [
"Colchicine",
"Febuxostat",
"Allopurinol",
"Dexamethasone"
] | B | The given condition is GOUTHere the question is permanent treatment, not just acute or symptomatic treatment. So we can eliminate coicosteroids and ColchicineBoth allopurinol and febuxostat decrease uric acid production.But febuxostat being a non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor with very less adverse effects more pot... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antidote of choice for Belladonna poisoning ? | [
"Disulfiram",
"Atropine",
"Physostigmine",
"Flumazanil"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., PhysostigmineAntidote of choice for belladonna (atropa belladonna or atropine) poisoning - Physostigmine. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kaar singh committee recommendations are related to: March 2010 | [
"No private practice",
"Measures to improve effectiveness of National Malaria Eradication programme",
"Framework of health services at peripheral level",
"Concept of primary health care"
] | C | Ans. C: Framework of health services at peripheral level | train | med_mcqa | null |
A hypeensive primigravida with completely subsided pre-eclamptic features, pregnancy should be continued at least upto: September 2005 | [
"35 week",
"37 week",
"39 week",
"40 week"
] | B | Ans. B: 37 week If the pre-eclamptic features are completely controlled: - If the duration of the pregnancy is remote far from term, she should be discharged with the advice to attend antenatal clinic s regularly. - If the patient is near term, she should be kept for a few days till completion of 37'h week. If the pre-... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following contains primer and bonding agent in a single bottle and is known as "single component system" | [
"3rd generation",
"4th generation",
"5th generation",
"6th generation"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
With respect to cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia – a) The most common preceding arrhythmia is bradycardiab) The most common cause is failure of ventilationc) Most occur during emergence from anaesthesiad) Most are considered unpreventable and untreatable | [
"ac",
"a",
"ad",
"ab"
] | D | Mast cardiac arrests are preceded by bradycardia suggesting that early identification and treatment may prevent complications.
Most common cause is failure to provide adequate ventilation.
Most of the cardiac arrests occur during induction or maintenance. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mercedes procedure is used in: | [
"Discrepancy in size of ileum and stoma",
"Ileostomy stenosis",
"Ileostomy prolapse",
"Ileostomy leak"
] | A | Mercedes Procedure Used when there is descrepency between the size of the ileal loop and the ileostomy stoma Mercedes benz or Seagull sign Rarely the centre of gallstones may contain radioluscent gas in a triradiate or biradiate fissure.This gives characteristic dark shapes on radiograph Mercedes sign incision Excision... | train | med_mcqa | null |
High resolution CT of the lung is a specialized CT technique for greater detail of lung parenchyma and it utilizes | [
"Special lung filters",
"Thick collimation",
"Bone algorithm for image reconstruction",
"Large field of view"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bone algorithm for image reconstruction HRCT gives detailed images of the lung parenchyma (which is comparable to gross tissue inspection) and thus allows detection of diseases at an earlier stage than conventional CT scans.HRCT utilizes thin collimation (i.e., thin slices of 1 or 2 mm.) as compared t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Area of brain resistant to NFTs in Alzheimer's disease: | [
"Visual association area",
"Entorhinal coex",
"Lateral geniculate body",
"Cuneal gyrus area VI / temporal lobe"
] | C | C i.e. Lateral geniculate body Alzheimer's disease, a type of coical dementia, does not involved sub coical areas such as lateral geniculate body (nucleus)- a pa of thalamusQ. Earliest and most severe degeneration is usually found in medial temporal lobe (entorhinal/ perirhinal coex & hippocampus), lateral temporal coe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which toll like receptors are involved in action of bacterial endotoxins - | [
"I",
"II",
"III",
"V"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., II o Ten different mammalian Toll like receptors (TRRs) have been identified --> TLR 1 to 10. o TLRs are involved in responses to widely divergent types of molecules that are commonly expressed by microbial but not mammalian cells. TLR Microbial ligand molecules Peptidoglycan of Gram (+)ve bacteria zy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Morbid obesity is defined if BMI is greater than: | [
"18.5",
"25",
"30",
"40"
] | D | Most prevalent form of malnutrition: obesity BMI >40: Grade III obesity BMI > 50: super obesity | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following will lead to pulmonary vasodilation? | [
"Hypercapnia",
"Decreased PaCO2",
"Baroreceptor stimulation",
"Chemoreceptor stimulation"
] | C | Baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors located in the carotid sinus and in the aoic arch. Their function is to sense pressure changes by responding to change in the tension of the aerial wall. The baroreflex mechanism is a fast response to changes in blood pressure Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Protein folding is done by: | [
"Chaperone",
"Endoplasmic reticulum",
"Peroxisome",
"Lysosome"
] | A | Ans (a) ChaperoneRef; Harper's Biochemistry, 26th ed. pg. 36-37* Chaperone proteins participate in the folding of over half of mammalian proteins. The hsp70 (70-kDa heat shock protein) family of chaperones binds short sequences of hydrophobic amino acids in newly synthesized polypeptides, shielding them front solvent. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Therapeutic level of phenytoin is | [
"0-9 mg/ml",
"10-19 mg/ml",
"20-29 mg/ml",
"30-39 mg/ml"
] | B | Phenytoin therapeutic plasma concentration is 10-20 mg/ml. Ref: K D Tripati 7th edition Page no 422. Table 30.2 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are absoulate indications for intubation except - | [
"Depressed level of consciousness",
"Bleeding into the airway",
"Falling O2 Saturation",
"Maxillofacial fractures"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Maxillofacial fractures o Basic indications for emergency endotracheal intubation1. Airway blockage# Life-threatening airway obstruction may occur when a foreign bodybecomes lodged in the airway; this is especially common in infants and toddlers.# Severe blunt or penetrating injury to the face or neck... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Closing volume is the volume of lung | [
"Above residual volume in the non-dependent pa of lung",
"Above residual volume in dependent pa of lung",
"Above tidal volume in non-dependent pa of lung",
"Above tidal volume in dependent pa of lung"
] | B | The closing capacity (CC) is the volume in the lungs at which its smallest airways, the respiratory bronchioles, collapse. It is defined mathematically as the sum of the closing volume and the residual volume. The alveoli lack suppoing cailage and so depend on other factors to keep them open Ref: guyton and hall textbo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which opioid can cause tachycardia? | [
"Fentanyl",
"Remifentanyl",
"Pethidine",
"morphine"
] | C | Meperidine(and methadone) inhibits the neuronal reuptake of serotonin leading to serotonergic overactivity which can causeSerotonin Syndrome in patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The symptom complex includes fluctuations in blood pressure, hypehermia, delirium,convulsions, coma, and death. Thus it is not ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is most likely to be increased in Vit K deficiency: | [
"P.T.T.",
"P.T.",
"Platelet count",
"Fibrinogen time"
] | B | Answer is B (P.T.): Although PT and PTT both will he affected PT is the single best answer as explained below. Therefore both intrinsic & extrinsic mechanisms of the coagulation cascade are affected. (Refer previous questions) PT & PTT both will be prolonged. However, factor VII has sho t1/2 & so PT is the first to be ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
when Va/Q is INFINITY , it means | [
"The pO2 of alveolar air is 159mmHg and PCO2 is40mmHg",
"paial pressure of alveolar gas is same as deadspae",
"Paial pressure of O2 and CO2 are equal",
"ALL TH E ABOVE"
] | B | V/Q IS INFINITY WHEN DEAD SPACE IS 0 REF : HARISSONS 21ST ED | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Eustachian tube is / are -a) Size is 3.75 cmb) Cartilagenous 1/3 & 2/3rd bonyc) Opens during swallowingd) Nasopharyngeal opening is narroweste) Tensor palati helps to open it | [
"acd",
"bde",
"ace",
"ade"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radiotherapy is treatment of choice for: | [
"Nasopharyngeal CaT3N1",
"Supraglottic CaT3N0",
"Glottis CaT3N0",
"Subglottic CaT3N0"
] | A | (a) Nasopharyngeal CaT3 N1 (Ref. Current Diagnosis & Treatment Otolaryngology, Lalwani, 3rd ed., 464)The best management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in all the stages is radiotherapy.Rest of the tumours mentioned are laryngeal carcinomas stage 3 where the treatment is concurrent chemoradiation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
18 year old girl presents with amenorrhoea, milk discharge from bilateral breasts, weight loss. Most probable diagnosis is:- | [
"Pitutary tumor",
"Anorexia nervosa",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Hypohalamic cause"
] | A | The patient in question has presented with galactorrhea and amenorrhea, which is invariably due to increased prolactin levels. Causes of hyperprolactinemia are Pregnancy and lactation Drugs: dopamine antagonists, MAO inhibitors, cimetidine etc Pituitary tumours Hypothyroidism Renal and hepatic disorders Now since the p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 7-year-old boy has complained of a severe headache for the past week. On physical examination, there is tenderness on palpation of long bones, hepatosplenomegaly, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Petechial hemorrhages are present on the skin. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin, 8.8 g/dL; hematocrit, 26.5%; platelet c... | [
"Early pre-B CD19+ Hyperdiploidy",
"Early pre-B CD20+ t (9;22)",
"Pre-B CD5+ normal karyotype",
"Pre-B CD23+ 11q deletion"
] | A | These markers strongly favor a very good prognosis for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common malignancy in children: early precursor-B-cell type, hyperdiploidy, and patient age between 2 and 10 years, chromosomal trisomy, and t (12;21). Marrow infiltration by the leukemic cells leads to pancytopenia. Poor... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schizophrenia is characterized by A/E - | [
"Delusion",
"Auditory hallucination",
"Elation",
"Catatonia"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is Autosomal recessive | [
"Homocystinuria",
"G6PD deficiency",
"Myotonic dystrophy",
"Otospongiosis"
] | A | Answer is A (Homocystinuria) : Homocystinuria is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder. Disorder Inheritance G-6 PD deficiency X-Linked Myotonic dystrophy Autosomal dominant Otospongiosis Autosomal dominant | train | med_mcqa | null |
In periodontal disease, calculus is considered as | [
"Contributing factor",
"Primary factor",
"Etiological factor",
"Governing factor"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
According to Consumer Protection Act 1987, compensation against State consumer protection forum can be made up to? | [
"Less than 20 lakhs",
"20 lakhs — 1 crore",
"1 crore — 9 crores",
"More than 10 crores"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 49-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a cold and pale foot. Physical examination reveals that the patient suffers from peripheral vascular disease and his popliteal artery is occluded and no pulse is felt upon palpation. What is the landmark to feel the pulse of the femoral artery? | [
"Adductor canal",
"Femoral triangle",
"Popliteal fossa",
"Inguinal canal"
] | B | The femoral triangle is the best place to palpate the femoral pulse. It is bounded by the sartorius muscle laterally, adductor longus medially, and the inguinal ligament superiorly. It contains the femoral vein, artery, and nerve (from medial to lateral, respectively). The adductor canal lies deep between the anterior ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Local anaesthetic causing malignant hypehermia is | [
"Lignocaine",
"Prilocaine",
"Bupivacaine",
"Dibucaine"
] | A | Lignocaine by releasing calcium from sarcoplasmic retinaculum can cause malignant hypehermia in susceptible individuals. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common genital infection in HIV infected patient | [
"Chlamydia",
"Herpes",
"Syphilis",
"Candida"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Herpes`Herpes simplex (in the developed world) and chancroid (in Africa) are the most common cause of genital ulceration in HIV infected patients.' - An Atlas of differential diagnosis in HIV disease' by Lipman, Gluck and Johnson 1st (1995) p. 30 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Iron is actively absorbed in: | [
"Stomach",
"Duodenum and proximal jejunum",
"Large intestine",
"Ileum"
] | B | B i.e. Duodenum and proximal jejunumAlmost all iron absorption occurs in duodenum and upper jejunum (proximal small intestine)Q.Most of the iron in diet is in ferric form (Fe3+) but it is ferrous (Fe+2) that is absorbedQ. Transpo of Fe 2+ into enterocyte occurs DMT1. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A new born child developed respiratory depression In neonatal ward. Which of the following drug is the cause – | [
"Opioids",
"Barbiturates",
"Diazepam",
"Propofol"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 55year old woman was found to have Ca cervix, FIGO stage 2-3, locally advanced. What would be the management | [
"Surgery and chemotherapy",
"Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy",
"Chemotherapy",
"Radiotherapy and HPV vaccine"
] | B | In advanced cancer Pelvic lymph node involvement is 30-55% Chemoradiation / Palliative surgery Chemoradiation +/- Palliative Radiotherapy is done Ref: D.C.DUTTA&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY; 6th edition; Pg no:351 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cranial nerve involved in sarcoidosis: | [
"3",
"5",
"7",
"8"
] | C | Ans. C. 7* The most common cranial nerve involved in Sarcoidosis is the seventh nerve, which can be affected bilaterally.* Nerve biopsy can reveal non caseating granulomas infiltrating the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium along with lymphocytic necrotizing angiitis.* Neuro sarcoidosis may respond to treatment w... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 5 year old child presents with mental retardation, seizures, with lighter skin complexion. The diagnosis is | [
"Maple syrup urine disease",
"Albinism",
"Phenylketonuria",
"Alkaptonuria"
] | C | (C) Phenylketonuria# Phenylketonuria: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disorder that causes a buildup of the amino acid phenylalanine, which is an essential amino acid that cannot be synthesized in the body but is present in food.> Most affected newborns are detected during routine screening tests. Newborns with PKU rarely h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The drug of choice for treatment of typhoid is | [
"Tetracycline",
"Metronidazole",
"Ciprofloxacin",
"Cefotaxime"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Imatinib primarily acts by inhibiting: | [
"BCR-ABL",
"Tyrosine kinase",
"PGDFR",
"None"
] | B | Ans. (B) Tyrosine kinase(Ref: KDT 8th/e p929)Imatinib inhibits tyrosine kinase linked withabl-bcr fusionPDGF receptorc-kit receptor | train | med_mcqa | null |
TRALI occurs within ? | [
"Within 6 hour",
"6-8 hour",
"8-10 hour",
"> 10 hour"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Within 6 hour Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) is a syndrome characterized by acute respiratory distress following transfusion. Symptoms of TRALI typically develop during, or within 6 hours of a transfusion. Patients present with the rapid onset of dyspnea and tachypnea. There may be asso... | train | med_mcqa | null |
1 month old baby has microcephaly, hepatoslenomegaly. His urine stained with Giema shows owl's eye inclusion bodies. What is the diagnosis | [
"CMV",
"EBV",
"Herpes simplex",
"Varicella zoster"
] | A | OWL'S eye inclusion bodies are seen in CMV virus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient consults a dermatologist about a skin lesion on her neck. Examination reveals a 1-cm diameter,red, scaly plaque with a rough texture and irregular margins. Biopsy demonstrates epidermal and dermal cells with large, pleomorphic, hyperchromatic nuclei. Which of the following conditions would most likely predisp... | [
"Actinic keratosis",
"Compound nevus",
"Dermal nevus",
"Junctional nevus"
] | A | The lesion is a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Actinic keratosis, which is a hyperplastic lesion of sun-damaged skin, predisposes for squamous cell carcinoma. Another predisposing condition to remember is xeroderma pigmentosum, which predisposes for both squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas of skin. A nevus is... | train | med_mcqa | null |
If the head of the snake has small scales covering the whole surface of the head it indicates | [
"Viper",
"Cobra",
"Krait",
"Non venomous"
] | A | All poisonous snakes have small head scales except cobra, krait & pit viper. These three snakes can be identified by 1. Pit viper: pit below the eye 2. Cobra: 3rd labial touches eye and nasal shields 3. Krait: 4 infralabial scales below mouth & 4th being largest Russel viper | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about cuboid bone : | [
"It develops by membranous ossification",
"Proximally aiculate with lunate bone",
"Flexor retinaculum is attached",
"Aiculates with Calcaneum"
] | D | D i.e. Aiculates with Calcaneum | train | med_mcqa | null |
Death by medical negligence is under which I PC? | [
"304 AIPC",
"3t2 IPC",
"351 IPC",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 304 A IPC o Medical negligence act under IPC is Sec 304-A IPC.o Sec 304 A IPC pertains to "Causing death by negligenceft is punishable up to 2years. It is applied, usually, in any case of death due to a rash and negligent act, e.g. death caused by rash driving. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are increased in starvation except: | [
"Lipolysis",
"Ketogenesis",
"Gluconeogenesis",
"Glycogenesis"
] | D | Ans.: D (Glycogenesis) STARVATIONWhen food intake decreases, the body enters the starvation response. Initially, the body's glycogen stores are used up in about 24 hours. The level of insulin in circulation is low and the level of glucagon is very high.The main means of energy production is lipolysis. Cluconeogenesis c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are seen in Rheumatoid arthritis EXCEPT | [
"Deformities",
"Mononeuritis multiplex",
"Peri-articular osteoporosis",
"Sero-negative arthritis"
] | D | Ans. (d) Sero-negative arthritisRef: Harrison 19th ed. 12136* Patients of rheumatoid arthritis harbor an antibody by the name of anti - C.C.P ( cycliccitrulline phosholipid antibodies).* The rheumatoid nodules in these patients can compress on various peripheral nerves leading to mono-neuritis multiplex. The joints are... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Refrigerated blood stored up to 48 hours before transfusion can destroy which of the following | [
"HIV",
"Hepatitis B",
"Treponema pallidum",
"Plasmodium vivax"
] | C | Treponema pallidum is killed in 1 to 3 days at 0-4degrees centigrade, so transfusion syphilis can be prevented by storing blood in the refrigerator before transfusion Stored frozen at -70deg C in 10% glycerol, or in liquid nitrogen (-130 deg C), it remains ble for 10-15 years. Ref: Textbook of microbiology; Ananthanara... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thyroid follicles are lined by which type of epithelium ? | [
"Squamous",
"Cuboidal",
"Transitional",
"None"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cuboidal | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a selective progesterone receptor modulator- | [
"Onapristone",
"Ulipristal",
"Nomegestrol",
"Toremifene"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ulipristal o Ulipristal is a SPRM approved for use as an Emergency Contraceptive. o SPRM (selective progesterone receptor modulators) : Asoprisnil, ul ipristal, onapristone, mifepristone. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pheochromocytoma predominantly secretes - | [
"Epinephrine",
"Norepinephrine",
"Dopamine",
"DOPA"
] | A | epinephrine is produced in much more amount that rest of the hormones ( Harrison 17 pg 2271) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 5–year old child presents with perivascular IgA deposition and neutrophil collection. There is erythematous rash on the lower limb and non-blanching purpura. Probable diagnosis is – | [
"Henoch–Schonlein purpura",
"Wegener's granulomatosis",
"Vasculitis",
"Kawasaki's disease"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In hypoparathyroidism: | [
"Plasma calcium and inorganic phosphorous are low",
"Plasma calcium and inorganic phosphorous are high",
"Plasma calcium is low and inorganic phosphorous high",
"Plasma calcium is high and inorganic phosphorous low"
] | C | Ans. C. Plasma calcium is low and inorganic phosphorous highPTH hormone is concerned with the regulation of the concentration of Ca and PO4 ions in the blood plasma. It is released from parathyroid glands and their main function is to increase the concentration of Ca and to decrease the concentration of PO4. Hypoparath... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the folllowing organisms is not associated with synergistic gangrene | [
"Escherichia",
"Staphylococcus",
"Clostridium",
"Streptococcus"
] | A | Necrotising fasciitis is a dangerous and rapidly spreading infection of the fascial planes leading to necrosis of the subcutaneous tissues and overlying skin. It is caused by b-haemolytic streptococci and, occasionally, Staphylococcus aureus, but may take the form of a polymicrobial infection associated with other aero... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antigen combining site of the antibody - | [
"Idiotype",
"Paratope",
"Epitope",
"Hapten"
] | B | A paratope, also called an antigen-binding site, is a pa of an antibody which recognizes and binds to an antigen. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:88 | train | med_mcqa | null |
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