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Which of the following is the most common tumor of the fetus and newborn – | [
"Neuroblastoma",
"Wilm's tumor",
"Leukemia",
"Sacrococcygeal Teratoma"
] | D | Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm in the fetus and newborn.
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm in the fetus and newborn with an estimated prevalence of 1:30,000- 1:40,000 and with a 3:1 female preponderance. - Handbook of Fetal Medicine by Shailesh Kumar (Cambridge Univ P... | train | med_mcqa | null |
CPITN probe is designed by: | [
"WHO",
"Nabers",
"Marques",
"Williams"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Entamoeba species that is morphologically identical to E. histolytica is: | [
"E. coli",
"E. dispar",
"E. hartmanni",
"E. gingivaiis"
] | B | Ans: B (E. dispar) Ref: Parija SC. Textbook of Medical Parasitology. 3rd Edition. London: John Wiley & Sons: 2004. Pg 26-47Explanation:Trophozoites and cysts of E. histolytica/ E.dispar/E.moshkovskii are similar in morphology in light microscopy.E.dispar/ E.moshkovskii are non-pathogenic Entamoeba spp.Differences Betwe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drugs causing dilated cardiomyopathy are all except | [
"Daunorubicin",
"Trastuzumab",
"Doxorubicin",
"Sacubitril"
] | D | Sacubitril is used in treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a Glycoprotein hormone | [
"EH",
"FSH",
"GH",
"Vasopressin"
] | D | Vasopressin a hormone secreted by cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in the posterior pituitary for release as necessary; it stimulates contraction of the muscular tissues of the capillaries and aerioles, raising the blood pressure, and increases peristalsis, exes some influence on the uterus, and influences r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient of depression is getting chlorpromazine, but his auditory hallucination is not controlled. The next drug given is - | [
"Haloperidol",
"Clozapine",
"Sulpiride",
"Tianeptin"
] | B | The patient is taking chlorpromazine, i.e., the patient is taking treatment for schizophrenia. Auditory hallucinations are not controlled, therefore he is having resistant schizophrenia for which clozapine is the drug of choice.
Don't get confused with depression (as written in question) because depression may occur in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A middle aged women presented with right sided hearing loss Rinne's test shows positive result on left side and negative result on right side. Weber's test showed lateralization to left side,diagnosis is - | [
"Right sided conductive deafness",
"Right sided sensorineural deafness",
"Left sided sensorineural deafness",
"Left sided conductive deafness"
] | B | Rinne’s Test
Negative on right side means either there is:
Conductive deafness of Right side or
Severe SNHL on right side (leading to false negative Rinne test)
To differentiate between the 2 conditions: Let us see the result of Weber’s test:
Patient is complaining of decreased hearing in right ear and Weber’s test ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Infants require | [
"Least amount of anaesthetic agent",
"Higher amount of anaesthetic agent",
"Equal amount as in adults",
"None"
] | B | MAC is higher in infants, so the potency of drug is less which implies higher amount of drug is required to induce same effect. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acute Primary Amoebic meningoencephalitis true is? | [
"Meningitis caused by acanthamoeba species is acute in nature",
"Diagnosis is by demonstration of trophozoite in CSF",
"Caused by feco-oral transmission",
"More common in tropical climate"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Diagnosis is by demonstration of trophozoite in CSF Diagnosis of acute primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is estabilished by microscopic examination of the cerebrospinal fluid which contains trophozoite and red cells but no bacteria. About other options . Acanthamoeba causes chronic meningoencephalit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is the abductor of vocal cord, paralysis of which could lead to suffocation? | [
"Posterior cricoarytenoid",
"Cricothyroid",
"Lateral cricoaretynoid",
"Interarytenoid"
] | A | Posterior cricoarytenoid is the sole abductor of vocal cords and bilateral paralysis may lead to the adduction of vocal cords and suffocation. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle causes the muscular process of the arytenoid to be pulled posteriorly and toward the opposite arytenoid. The vocal process, in turn, is pulle... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with (Repeat) - | [
"t(8, 14)",
"t(9,22)",
"t< 15,17)",
"Deletion of 5 chromosome"
] | A | Ans: A- t(8,14) Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th edition.Bone misc tumors chapterExplanation:BURKETT LYMPHOMAThere are three clinical typesAfrican (endemic) Burkitt lymphoma,Sporadic (nonendemic) Burkitt lymphomaAggressive lymphomas associated with HIV.These 3 types are histologically identicalMorphologyTh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Measures involved in sentinel surveillance includes all of the following except. | [
"Identifying missing cases in notification of diseases",
"Identifying new cases of infection",
"Identifying old and new cases",
"Identifying cases free of disability"
] | D | Ans. (d) Identifying cases free of disability* Surveillance: Is the ongoing systematic collection and analysis of data and the provision of information which leads to action being taken to prevent and control a disease, usually one of an infectious nature* Surveillance is of many types:- Passive Surveillance: Data is i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Birbeck granules are present in - | [
"Merkel cell",
"Melanocytes",
"Largenhans cells",
"Keratinocytes"
] | C | Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 449 The proliferating Langerhans cell express MHC class 2antigens, CD1a, and langerin. Langerin is a transmembrane protein found in birbeck granules. granules are subdomains of endosomal recycling compament in human epidermal Langerhans cells, which form where Langerin accumu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs is used to prevent HIV transmission from an HIV positive pregnant mother to child | [
"Lamivudine",
"Stavudine",
"Nevirapine",
"Didanosine"
] | C | Refer Katzung 11/e p 862 Nevirapine and Zidovudine as used to prevent veical transmission of HIV from pregnant females to the baby | train | med_mcqa | null |
Palinopsia is seen in occlusion of: | [
"M1 Middle cerebral aery",
"M2 Middle cerebral aery",
"P2 Posterior cerebral aery",
"P1 Posterior cerebral aery"
] | C | Palinopsia: Persistence of visual image even after shifting gaze. Cause: Occlusion of P2 PCA Visual hallucinations Homonymous hemianopia Along with Palinospia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Initial emergency reduction of intracranial pressure is most rapidly accomplished by | [
"Saline-furosemide (Lasix) infusion",
"Urea infusion",
"Hyperventilation",
"Intravenous dexamethasone (Decadron)"
] | C | Closed head injuries may result in cerebral concussion from depression of the reticular formation of the brainstem. This type of injury is usually reversible. Local bleeding and swelling (intracranial or extracranial) produce an increase in the intracranial pressure. A characteristic symptom pattern occurs initiated by... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The strain used in Mumps vaccine is | [
"Jeryl Lynn",
"Edmonston Zagreb",
"RA 27/3",
"Oka"
] | A | The various strains used for Mumps include Jeryl-Lynn, RIT-4385, Leningrad-3, L-Zagreb and Urabe strains. | train | med_mcqa | null |
High water content is seen in which zone of articular cartilage | [
"Zone 1",
"Zone 2",
"Zone 3",
"Zone 4"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osgood schlatter disease is osteochondritis of - | [
"Tibial tuberosisty",
"Lunate",
"Calcaneum",
"Navicular"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tibial tuberosity' Kienbock's disease is osteochondritis of LunateNameSite affectedo Perthes's diseaseo Panner's diseaseo Kienbock's diseaseo Osgood Sh latter's diseaseo Sever's diseaseo Kohler's diseaseo Scheurmann's diseaseo Calve's diseaseo Frieberg's diseaseo Islene diseaseo Johansson-Larson's dis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 28 -year-old woman, G4P3L2A1 at 35 weeks of gestation with monochornionic monomniotic twin pregnancy was admitted for safe confinement. 3 days following admission, the NST showed the following finding: What is the finding shown in the NST? | [
"Reactive NST",
"Variable deceleration",
"Early deceleration",
"Sinusoidal pattern."
] | B | The deceleration first shows a rapid rise and rapid fall. Secondly it is unrelated to the peak of uterine contraction. In early and late deceleration, there would be a slow fall and slow rise. Early would show an onset before or at peak of uterine contraction and the FHR would return to normal after the end of uterine ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Submucosa is absent in which part of hard palate? | [
"Lateral and medial portion of hard palate",
"Only medial portion of hard palate",
"Anterior part of the lateral portion of hard palate",
"Posterior part of the lateral portion of hard palate"
] | B | Submucosa is absent in the medial portion of the hard palate; thus the tissue has a firmer feeling when palpated. This firm feeling is enhanced as a result of the firmness with which the lamina propria is attached to the underlying bone; thus the lamina propria serves as a mucoperiosteum. The landmarks on the hard pala... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Farmer's lung result from exposure to | [
"Aspergillus",
"Thermophilic actinomycetes",
"Cotton dust",
"Silica"
] | B | (B) Thermophilic actinomycetes # FARMER'S LUNG is due to the inhalation of mouldy hay or grain dust. In grain dust or hay with a moisture content of over 30 per cent bacteria and fungi grow rapidly, causing a rise of temperature to 40 to 50deg C.This heat encourages the growth of thermophilic actinomycetes, of which Mi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following bacterial meningitis is associated with sudural effusion? | [
"H. influenza",
"Neisseria meningitits",
"Streptococcus pneumonia",
"Enterococcus"
] | A | Chronic Subdural Empyema It may be primary infection of subdural space from sinusitis focus causing suppuration and pus formation. It can be complication of the chronic subdural haematoma. It is due to secondary bacterial infection of collected clot/fluid. Infection is from sinusitis scalp (common)/through earlier trau... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an example of hyaline cailage? | [
"Epiglottis",
"Thyroid cailage",
"Apex of Arytenoid Cailage",
"Pinna"
] | B | Thyroid cailage is a type of hyaline cailage. Hyaline cailage is the most common type of cailage, in adults this is replaced by bone by a process called enchondral ossification. In the aicular surface of bone, costal cailage, nose, larynx, trachea and bronchi hyaline cailage persist throughout life and does not calcify... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statement is false about Hurler syndrome: | [
"X linked",
"MR",
"Joint stiffness",
"Coarse facial features"
] | A | Ans. (a) X linkedRef: Harrison's 17th ed. Ch.DisorderEnzymeDef:InheritanceNeurologicOphthalmo- logicHematologicUnique FeaturesHurler syndromea-L- IduronidaseARMental retardation +Corneal cloudingVacuolated lymphocytesCoarse facies, cardiovascular involvement, joint stiffness, wide spaced teethHunter syndromeIduronate s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest location of Spigelian hernia is at: | [
"At Arcuate line",
"Above arcuate line",
"Both of the above",
"None of the above"
] | C | Spigelian hernias can occur anywhere along the length of the Spigelian line or zone--an aponeurotic band of variable width at the lateral border of the rectus abdominis. However, the most frequent location of these rare hernias is at or slightly above the level of the arcuate line. These are not always clinically evide... | train | med_mcqa | null |
BCG vaccine is diluted with: | [
"Normal saline",
"Distilled water",
"Dextrose",
"Colloids"
] | A | Lyophilized vaccines & their diluents: BCG vaccine - Normal saline Yellow fever vaccine - cold saline Japanese Encephalitis - phosphate buffer saline HiB - DPT / saline Measles, MMR - Distilled /sterile water | train | med_mcqa | null |
Wood's lamp is made up of - | [
"9% nickel oxide with 6% barium silicate",
"9% nickel oxide with 9% barium silicate",
"6% nickel oxide with 6% barium silicate",
"9% nickel oxide with barium silicate"
] | D | Wood's Lamp It is a low intensity ultraviolet light(360nm) emitted by a high pressure mercury lamp fitted with a special filter made up of 9% nickel oxide and silica. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Giant cell (Hecht's) pneumonia is due to - | [
"CMV",
"Measles",
"Malaria",
"P. Carinii"
] | B | Most patients recover uneventfully but quite a few develop complication which may be due to virus or secondary bacterial infection. Rarely the virus may cause fatal giant cell pneumonia. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:512 | train | med_mcqa | null |
After bih which of the following changes occur in the fetus? | [
"The foramen ovale closes allowing the entire blood volume to circulate into the pulmonary vein",
"Lung fluid is forced out of the fetal alveoli with the first few breaths",
"The ductus aeriosus opens",
"The umbilical vein and aery remain functional for several weeks"
] | B | - The foramen ovale closes allowing the entire blood volume to circulate into the pulmonary aery - The foramen ovale, the ductus aeriosus and the umbilical veins and aeries close within a few hours of bih. - Lung fluid is forced out of the fetal alveoli with the first few breaths | train | med_mcqa | null |
IQ between 50-70 indicates - | [
"Mild mental retardation",
"Moderate retardation",
"Severe retardation",
"Profound retardation"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mild mental retardation Classification of mental retardation o A child with IQ 70 is called as mentally retarded. Degree of MR IQ Mild 51-70 Moderate 36-50 Severe 21-35 Profound 0-20 o IQ level between 71-90 is designated as borderline intelligence. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Interveebral disc is an example of which category of cailages? | [
"Hyaline cailage",
"Fibro cailage",
"Elastic cailage",
"Fibroelastic cailage"
] | B | Interveebral disc is a type of fibrocailage. Fibrocailage is characterized by large amount of irregular and dense bundles of collagen fibers in the matrix. It consists of alternating layers of cailage matrix and thick dense layers of type I collagen fibers. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Coronoplasty should be carried out in patients with | [
"Occlusal prematurities",
"Parafunctional habits",
"Signs of trauma from occlusion",
"All of the above"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following drugs are used in the treatment of Pneumocystis carni pneumonia, except? | [
"Pentamidine",
"Dapsone",
"Cotrimoxazole",
"Fluoroquinolones"
] | D | Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Cotrimoxazole) is the drug of choice of Pneumocystis carini pneumonia. Other drugs effective in its treatment are dapsone, pentamidine, atovaquone, primaquine and clindamycin. Methylprednisolone is also indicated in HIV positive patients with moderate to severe PCP. Fluoroquinolones are n... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is NOT true for Cystic fibrosis:March 2013 | [
"Abnormal sweat gland function",
"Ultimately lead to bronchogenic carcinoma",
"Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency",
"Intestinal dysfunction"
] | B | Ans. B i.e. Ultimately lead to bronchogenic carcinomaCystic fibrosis:Autosomal recessive,Results due to mutation in a gene on chromosome 7,Predisposes to chronic infection by staph. aureus and pseudomonas,Cavitation is oftenly seen with staphylococcal infections | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mr sunil, 22 year old male was brought in emergency room after scuffle in which he was punched over his face by a drunkard on road side. The patient was conscious and blood was trickling from right ear. The bleeding was controlled at that time. Next day the Audiometry of the patient showed conductive type of hearing lo... | [
"Longitudinal",
"Transverse",
"Oblique",
"Mixed"
] | A | Longitudinal Middle cranial Fossa is involved in 60%-80% of fracture of skull base. Types of Temporal bone fracture include Longitudinal, Transverse. Mixed, Oblique and Unusual. Longitudinal : -The longitudinal is one where fracture line runs parallel to the Petrous ridge, that is longitudinal axis of the bone -It cons... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Success rate for intraligamentary anaesthesia | [
"Injection under strong forward pressure",
"Injection under strong back pressure",
"Injection over supragingival tissue",
"Injection over buccal Labial fold"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40 year old male presents with a painless cystic liver enlargement of four years duration without fever or jaundice. The most likely diagnosis is | [
"Amoebic liver abscess",
"Hepatoma",
"Hydatid cyst of liver",
"Choledochal cyst"
] | C | Clinical features of hydatid disease Equally common in males and females, age 45 years Most(75%) are singular, located in right liver Mostly asymptomatic until complications occur Most common presenting symptoms - abdominal pain, dyspepsia and vomiting Most common sign- Hepatomegaly Ref:Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1452 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A nasal antrostomy following Caldwell Luc procedure is created | [
"Above the inferior turbinate",
"Beneath the superior turbinate",
"Above the superior turbinate",
"Beneath the inferior turbinate"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following statements are related to clear cell carcinoma of the vagina except: | [
"Common to those whose mothers were given diethylstilbestrol during early pregnancy",
"Vaginal adenosis may progress to this conditions",
"The middle one-third is the commonest site",
"May be multicentric and may involve even the cervix as well"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is associated with neutropenia? | [
"Doxorubicin",
"Vinblastin",
"Cisplatin",
"Methotrexate"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tome's fibres are: | [
"With out but not with in the dentin",
"Odontoblastic processes in dental tubules",
"Type of sharpey's fibres",
"Originate from tome's granular layer"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lens used to treat astigmatism: September 2005 | [
"Concave lens",
"Spherical lens",
"Convex lens",
"Cylindrical lens"
] | D | Ans. D: Cylindrical lens Corneal astigmatism is created when the cornea is not a perfect sphere. The astigmatic cornea is curved more in one meridian than it is in the other. These meridians are usually 90 degrees apa (regular astigmatism). The lens can have astigmatism also, this is termed lenticular astigmatism. Lent... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sarcomere is between: | [
"Two adjacent M lines",
"Two adjacent Z lines",
"Two adjacent H lines",
"Two adjacent I bands"
] | B | The light I band is divided by the dark Z line, and the dark A band has the lighter H band in its center. A transverse M line is seen in the middle of the H and, and this line plus the narrow light areas on either side of it are sometimes called the pseudo-H zone. The area between two adjacent Z lines is called a sarco... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person breaks someone's mandible in an alleged fight. Police can | [
"Arrest with warrant",
"Arrest without warrant",
"Declare him hostile and put him in jail",
"Put him in mental asylum"
] | B | Cognizable offence: It is an offence in which a police officer can arrest a person without warrant from the Magistrate, e.g. rape, murder, dowry death or attempt to murder, grievous hu . Direct impacts on the face can cause fractures of the mandible and maxilla. This also can cause dangerous bleeding into the air passa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Scleromatous skin changes are seen in all except : | [
"Adriamycin",
"Bleomycin",
"Steroid",
"Busulphan"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 6 month old infant had itchy erythematous papule and exudative lesions on the scalp, face, groins and axillae for one month. She also had vesicular lesion on the palms. The most likely diagnosis is - | [
"Congenital syphilis",
"Seborrhoeic dermatitis",
"Scabies",
"Psoriasis"
] | C | <p>As per the features- itchy erythematous papules and involvement of axilla,groin and scalp points to infantile scabies. SCABIES:- Caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis.Clinical features: Itching- generalised, worse at night.this is due to delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction. Classic lesion: Burrow-Thread like ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A pregnant woman is found to have excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid. Such polyhydramnios is likely to be associated with all of the following conditions except : | [
"Twinning",
"Microencephaly",
"Oesophageal atresia",
"Bilateral renal agenesis"
] | D | Ans. is d i.e. Bilateral renal agenesis This is quite an easy one - As we all know that Renal agenesis leads to oligohydramnios and not polyhydramnios But that does not mean, we should not know more about polyhydramnios. Polyhydramnios at a Glance. It is a condition where liquor amnii is in excessive amount i.e., > 2 l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Black eye is a type of? | [
"Patterend abrasion",
"Ectopic abrasion",
"Ectopic bruise",
"Friction abrasion"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ectopic bruise Site of bruise is at the site of impact most of the time however it may be away from the site of impact due to gravity shifting of blood, i.e., ectopic bruise. So, site of bruise does not always indicate site of violence. o Example of ectopic bruise are : - Black eye (or spectacle hemat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
an anxiuous mother brought her 4yr old daughter to the pediatrician .the girl was passing loose stools past 20days .this was often associated with pain abdomen .stool examination showed the following organism : | [
"entamoeba hystolytica",
"giardia lambia",
"cryptosporidium parvum",
"e.coli"
] | B | Pathogenesis G. lamblia inhabits in the duodenum and upper ileum Trophozoites are attached to the mucosa surface by sucker, reproduced by binary fission Histology shoening of microvilli, elongation of crypts, and damaging the brush border of the absorptive cells Mechanical blockage of the intestinal mucosa, competition... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On microscopic examination, eggs are seen, but on saturation with a salt solution, no eggs are seen. The eggs are likely to be of - | [
"Trichuris trichiura",
"Taenia solium",
"Ascaris lumbricoides",
"Ancylostoma duodenale"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In anterior colporrhaphy, the best method of suture apposing the vaginal flaps is: | [
"Interrupted",
"Continuous",
"Interlocking",
"Interrupted mattress"
] | A | ANTERIOR COLPORRHAPHY An inveed T incision is made on the anterior vaginal wall. the horizontal incision is made below the bladder and the veical incision is made staing from the midpoint of the tranverse incision upto a point about 1.5 cm below the external urethral meatus. The traiangular vaginal flaps including the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
60-year-old male with history of dysphagia can take liquid only and history of smoking and weight loss. Diagnosis is: | [
"Achalasia cardia",
"Barret's esophagus",
"Carcinoma esophagus",
"Corrosive"
] | C | Ans. (c) Carcinoma EsophagusRef: Bailey and Love 26th Edition, Page 1006* Most common cause of rapid progressive dysphagia and weight loss in carcinoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
One of the following is a sure sign of rape - | [
"Ruptured hymen in a girl aged 20 years",
"Presence of semen in the posterior fornix in a girl age 20 years",
"Presence of semen in the posterior fornix in a girl age 14 years",
"Presence of semen in the posterior fornix in a married girl age 16 years"
] | C | Presence of semen in the vagina (posterior fornix) is indicative of recent intercourse. It would be defined as rape if :-
Even with the consent of girl is below 16 years (if not a wife) or below 15 years (if wife).
ii. Any age without consent.
Option b : Semen may be present in the vagina of a 20 year... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most impoant factor determining myocardial 02 consumption: March 2005 | [
"Myocardial fibre tension",
"Cardiac output",
"Blood volume",
"Hea rate"
] | A | Ans. A: Myocardial fibre tension Tension: One of the most impoant parameter influencing myocardial 02 consumption. Preload: Is defined as the previous stretching of ventricular myocardial fibrils just about to begin a new systole. It is equal to the ventricular wall stress at end-diastole. In clinical practice, ventric... | train | med_mcqa | null |
24. In a patient with multiple bilateral nasal polyps with x ray showing opacity in the paranasal sinuses. The treatment consists of following except: | [
"epinephrine",
"Coicosteroids",
"Amphoterecin B",
"Antihistamines"
] | C | This patient is having ethmoidal polyp main etiology of polyps is allergy treatment- antihistamines,steroids,decongestants. antifungals have no role. ref Dhingra 6/e p 173 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Giant cell (Hecht's) pneumonia is due to | [
"CMV",
"Measles",
"Malaria",
"P. carinii"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ectodermal cells in tooth bud are responsible for | [
"Determination of shape of crown and root",
"Formation of periodontal ligament",
"Formation of cementum",
"Formation of pulp"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is most diagnostic investigation for acute pancreatitis? | [
"Serum amylase",
"Serum lipase",
"Serum P - isoamylase",
"Serum LDH"
] | B | Ans. b (Serum lipase). (Ref. Bailey & Love, 25th/ 1123)# A serum amylase level three to four times above normal is indicative of acute pancreatitis. A normal serum amylase level does not exclude acute pancreatitis, particularly if the patient has presented a few days later. If the serum lipase levels can be checked, it... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about intestinal polyp syndrome except: | [
"Cowden disease- Hamaomatous polyps",
"Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma(HNPCC)- Multiple adenomatous polyps",
"Peutz-Jeghers syndrome-associated with colonic carcinoma",
"Colonic hyperplastic polyp has malignant potential"
] | D | Answer- D. Colonic hyperplastic polyp has malignant potentialColonic hyperplastic polyps are bening epithelial proliferation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Biphasic histopathology is seen in -a) Rhabdomyomab) Mesotheliomac) Neurofibromatosisd) Synovial sarcoma | [
"bd",
"d",
"ab",
"ac"
] | A | Biphasic cellular pattern
Biphasic cellular pattern refers to a mixture of epithelial cells and spindle cells.
Tumors with biphasic cellular pattern are :-
Pleomorphic adenoma
Malignant mixed mullerian tumor
Neuroendocrine tumors (e.g. carcinoid)
Leiomyoblastoma
Synovial sarcoma
Wilm' s t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Beta-lactam ring is present in all of the following except: March 2008 | [
"Sulbactam",
"Imipenem",
"Vancomycin",
"Cephalexin"
] | C | Ans. C: Vancomycin The beta-lactam ring is pa of the structure of several antibiotic families, the principal ones being the penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams, which are, therefore, also called beta-lactam antibiotics. These antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. This has a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 22 years old male patient presents with a complaints of severe itching and white scaly lesions in the groin for past month. Which of the following is most likely to be the causative agent | [
"Trichophyton rubrum",
"Candida albicans",
"Candida glabrata",
"Malassezia furfur"
] | A | A i.e. Trichophyton rubrum | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pseudoparalysis in an infant is suggestive of – | [
"Acute Rheumatic fever",
"Vitamin B6 deficiency",
"Vitamin E deficiency",
"Vitamin C deficiency"
] | D | Pseudoparalysis
A voluntary restriction of motion because of pain, incordination or other cause, but not due to actual muscular paralysis.
Causes of pseudoparalysis
Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) o Osteomyelitis
Septic (arthritis) o Congenital syphilis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Buspirone is an | [
"Anti psychotic",
"Anti anxiolitic",
"Anti depressant",
"Anti hypertensive"
] | B | (B) Anti anxiolitic> Buspirone is an anxiolytic psychoactive drug of the azapirone chemical class, and is primarily used to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Clofibrate, a lipid lowering agent inhibits both cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis by: | [
"Inhibiting HMG CoA reductase",
"Binding to bile acids and preventing its reabsorption",
"Inhibiting VLDL production",
"Activating lipoprotein lipase, resulting in VLDL degradation"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Moist burn refers to: | [
"Simple burns",
"Scalds",
"Electric burns",
"Thermal burns"
] | B | Ans. (B). ScaldsLocal effects of heat & cold:Dry heat: Flame burnsMoist heat: scaldsDry cold: Frost biteMoist cold: Immersion foot | train | med_mcqa | null |
Growth factors promote cell growth by acting on- | [
"C.AMP",
"Tyrosine Kinase",
"C.GMP",
"TM2"
] | B | Growth factors can act on specific cell surface receptors that subsequently transmit their growth signals to other intracellular components and eventually result in altered gene expression. The general process of transmitting an external molecular signal to a cell to evoke a cellular response is called signal transduct... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are used in systemic therapy of psoriasis except | [
"Methotrexate",
"Acitretin",
"Cyclosporine",
"Oral glucocoicoids"
] | D | Oral glucocoicoids should not be used for the treatment of psoriasis due to the potential for development of life-threatening pustular psoriasis when therapy is discontinued. Methotrexate is an effective agent, especially in patients with psoriatic ahritis. The synthetic retinoid acitretin is useful, especially when im... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bad prognostic indicator of Schizophrenia is | [
"Late onset",
"Family history of Schizophrenia",
"Positive precipitating factors",
"Prominent affective symptoms"
] | B | B i.e. Family history of schizophreniaPrognostic Factors: Predictors of Course & Outcome in SchizophreniaFactorsGood outcome(i.e. Better prognosis)Poor Outcome(Poorer prognosis)OnsetAge at onset (clinical)Onset type of SchizophreniaAcute (abrupt)QAbout 20-25Late onset Schizophrenia (>45 yr)QInsidiousQBelow (Early (chil... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Concentration of sodium in reduced osmolarity ORS (in mmol/litre) - | [
"50",
"75",
"65",
"20"
] | B | <p>ORS Aim of oral rehydration therapy is to prevent dehydration and reduce moality. Oral fluid therapy is based on the observation that glucose given orally enhances the intestinal absorption of salt and water and is capable of correcting electrolyte and water deficit. At first the composition of oral rehydration salt... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kuppuswamy Scale - include A/E | [
"Education",
"Occupation",
"Housing",
"Monthly income"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Housing Kuppuswamy's socio-economic scale? impoant tool for assessing socio-economic status of family Include 3 parameters? Education of head of family Occupation of head of family Family income per month Family is divided into? Upper class Upper middle Lower middle Upper lower Lower | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following indicators represent Human Development Index, except: | [
"Life Expectancy at Bih",
"Life Expectancy at 1 year of age",
"Education",
"GDP"
] | B | Human Development Index (HDI) is defined as "a composite index combining indicators representing three dimensions, longevity (life expectancy at bih), knowledge (adult literacy rate and mean years of schooling) and income (real GDP per capita in purchasing power parity in US dollars)." Ref: Preventive and Social Medici... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for neurogenic diabetes insipidus | [
"Vasopressin",
"Terlipressin",
"Desmopressin",
"Pralipressin"
] | C | Desmopressin is used to treat neurogenic diabetes insipidus, bedwetting, hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease it acts as an agonist to vasopressin receptor or ADH receptor- produce antidiuresis- less urine production-used in DI, bedwetting, vasoconstriction - used in esophageal varices and produces vwf- used in von Wil... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which pa of scapula is more prominent in Winging of scapula | [
"Superior angle and Medial border",
"Inferior angle and Lateral border",
"Superior angle and Lateral border",
"Inferior angle and Medial border"
] | D | Forward pressure with the hands against a wall, or against resistance offered by the examiner, makes the medial border and the inferior angle of the scapula prominent (winging of scapula) if the serratus anterior is paralyzedReference: Vishram Singh Anatomy; 2nd edition; Page no: 38 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In fracture of femur by which pa popliteal aery is commonly damaged by- | [
"Proximal fragment",
"Distal fragment",
"Muscle haematoma",
"Tissue swelling"
] | B | *In distal third shaft fracture or supracondylar femur fracture, the distal fragment is tilted backward due to strong gastrocnemius pull. This posteriorly tilted distal fragment can cause popliteal aery injury. Ref: Apley's 9th/e p. 865 | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about branchial cyst; is all except | [
"Arise from lower third of sternocleidomastoid",
"Peak age of presentation is 3rd decade",
"Cyst wall consists of lymphoid tissue",
"Fluid contains cholesterol crystal"
] | A | BRANCHIAL CLEFT REMNANTS :
• Branchial cleft remnants typically present as a lateral neck mass on a toddler.
• Structures of the head and neck are derived from 6 pairs of branchial arches, their intervening clefts and pouches.
• Congenital cysts, sinuses, or fistulas result from failure of these structures to regress, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding anthrax is all except - | [
"Caused by insect bite",
"Caused by rubbing of skin",
"Cutaneous type is rare now a days",
"Pulmonary infection occurs by inhalation"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
. If blood gas analysis reveal pH = 7.52, pCO2=3O; pO2= 105.This will be compensated by? | [
"Compensatory respiratory acidosis",
"Compensatory respiratory alkalosis",
"Compensatory metabolic acidosis",
"Compensatory metabolic alkalosis"
] | C | As a compensatory mechanism, metabolic acidosis leads to alveolar hyperventilation with a fall in PaCO2. Normally, PaCO2 falls by 1-1.3 mm Hg for every 1-mEq/L fall in serum HCO3- concentration, a compensatory response that can occur fairly quickly Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 345 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician's office by his father for evaluation of small stature. A thyroid scan is ordered and shows no uptake in the neck. Which structure is embryologically related to the thyroid gland and should be carefully evaluated? SELECT ONE. | [
"Foramen cecum",
"Foramen ovale",
"Foramen rotundum",
"Foramen spinosum"
] | A | If the thyroid gland is absent from the neck, it may be in the lingual position at the foramen cecum. Excision of this lesion from the tongue will require thyroid hormone replacement. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Principles of Health education include all except: | [
"Paicipation",
"Motivation",
"Reinforcement",
"Punishment"
] | D | Approaches to Health education: Principles of Health education Credibility Interest Paicipation Motivation Comprehension Reinforcement Learning by doing Known to unknown Setting an example Good human relations Feedback Leaders Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno: 924 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a derivative of paramesonephric duct in males ? | [
"Trigone of bladder",
"Paraphoron",
"Prostatic utricle",
"Ganer's duct"
] | C | Two structures are derived from paramesonephric duct in males :-Appendix of testis (hydatid of morgagni)Prostatic utricle. | train | med_mcqa | null |
which of the following drugs are used in ECT | [
"methexitol",
"labetalol",
"amiadarone",
"propanalol"
] | A | HISTORY * Medunna ====IM injection of camphor to induce seizures * Ugo cerletti and lucio bini==== ECT in a catatonic patient INDICATIONS * DEPRESSION SUICIDAL IDEAS-------------- first choice * CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA * SCHIZOPHRENIA * MANIA * ELECTRODE PLACEMENT * Most commonly used=== bi fronto temporal * More cogni... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Corynebacterium diphtheriae are all except: | [
"Iron is required for toxin production",
"Toxin production is responsible for local reaction",
"Nonsporing, noncapsular and nonmotile",
"Toxin production is by lysogenic conversion"
] | B | Ans. (b) Toxin production is responsible for local reaction "Mechanical complications of diphtheria are due to the membrane while the systemic effects are due to the toxin." Toxin acts mainly systemically though there are paial local effects. It has affinity for myocardium, adrenals and nerve endings. Toxin acts by ina... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 14 yrs old girl on exposure to cold has pallor of extremities followed by pain and cyanosis. In later ages of life she is prone to develp? | [
"Systemic lupus erythematosis",
"Scleroderma",
"Rheumatoid arthritis",
"Hisiocytosis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Scleroderma Pallor of extremities on exposure to cold that is followed by pain and cyanosis suggests Raynaud9s phenomenon. A Female patient with Raynaud9s phenomenon should be evaluated for possibility of scleroderma or any other connective tissue disease.Raynaud's phenomenon is the first manifestatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mechanism of action of gentamicin | [
"Interfere with DNA synthesis",
"Inhibit transcription",
"Inhibit translation",
"Inhibit cell wall synthesis"
] | C | (Refer: KD Tripathi's Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 7th edition, pg no:669)
Drugs acting through inhibition of protein synthesis (translation) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Telescope fingers occur in - | [
"Rheumatic arthritis",
"Rheumatoid arthritis",
"Psoriatic arthritis",
"Reiter's arthritis"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is a first external sign of decomposition of a dead body-e | [
"Decomposition of liver and intestine",
"Greenish discoloration over right iliac fossa",
"Greenish discoloration over dependent parts",
"Blood stained froth from mouth"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Greenish discolouration over right iliac fossa Decomposition of bodyo Produced mainly by the action of bacterial enzymes (lecithinase- Cl welchii)o Anaerobic organism (from bowels)o Causes marked hemolysis & liquefaction in blood vessels & tissue spaces, producing the following changes:Color changes- ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Megaloblastic anemia In blind loop syndrome Is due to - | [
"Vitamen Bla malabsorption",
"Bacterial overgrowth",
"Frequent diarrhoea",
"Decrease iron intake"
] | B | <p>In blind loop syndrome, chronic diarrhoea & malabsorption occur because of bacterial overgrowth & recurrent gastrointestinal infections .The patient presents with watery diarrhoea & anemia due to B12 deficiency .It is because of bacterial overutilisation of vitamin B12.</p><p>Reference :Davidson&;s principle & pract... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thyroid dose from panoramic radiography is about: | [
"22 Gy",
"34 μGy",
"51 μGy",
"74 μGy"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The segmented genome is found in - | [
"Retrovirus",
"Rotavirus",
"Poliovirus",
"Rhabdovirus"
] | B | Rotavirus has double-stranded RNA with 10-12 segments.
Viruses having segmented genome
Bunyaviridae → 3 segment single-stranded
Orthomyxoviridae → 8 segments single strand Mnemonic: BORA
Reoviridae → 10-12 segment Double-Stranded RNA
Arenaviridae → 2 segment single strand RNA
NOTE:
The only RNA virus having double str... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about telmerase is: | [
"Has reverse Transcriptase activity",
"Has intrinsic Primer",
"It is a ribonucleoprotein",
"Telomerase leads to premature ageing."
] | D | Telomerase prevents premature ageing. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is True about dobutamine? | [
"Dobutamine decreases peripheral resistance",
"Acts on D1 and D2 receptors",
"Decrease kidney circulation",
"Has no effect on coronary circulation"
] | A | Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no: 177 Dobutamine is a derivative of dopamine and is a selective beta1 agonist. It causes an increase in the force of contraction without a significant increase in hea rate. It also produces some vasodilatation by stimulating the beta 2 receptors. It doesn't decrease kidney circulation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pituitary down-regulation is done in IVF because of all except | [
"To prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome",
"To prevent endogeneous LH surges",
"To prevent premature ovulation",
"To cause oocyte maturation and ovulation"
] | D | In IVF, LH surge from pituitary is blocked to allow scheduling of egg collection. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Red cell volume can be measured by injecting tagged red blood cells. All of the following are used to tag red cell, EXCEPT: | [
"51 Cr",
"59 Fe",
"32 P",
"121 I"
] | D | Red cell volume is the volume occupied by all the circulating red cells in the body. It can be measured by sustracting the plasma volume from total body water. It can also be measured by injecting tagged red blood cells and measuring the fraction of red cells that is tagged.51 Cr radio isotope of chromium is commonly u... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The awareness regarding the disease in psychiatric patient in mental status examination (MSE, not MMSE was given in the question) is called: | [
"Insight",
"Orientation",
"Judgment",
"Rapport"
] | A | Ans. a. Insight (Ref: Kaplan and Sadock's 9/e p897)InsightKnowledge of own disease/illness in mental status examinationInsight* Awareness of own disease/illness in mental status examinationQOrientation* Component of cognitionQRapport* Patient's attitudeQJudgment* Patients capacity to make sound decisionsQ | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not a heterophile agglutination test ? | [
"Weil Felix test",
"Widal test",
"Paul Bunnell test",
"Streptococcus"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Widal test Heterophilic agglutination reaction . Some organisms of different class or species share closely related antigens. . When serum containing agglutinin (antibody) of one organism gives agglutination reaction with antigen of other organism, it is called heterophilic agglutination test. Example... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements about stavudine is accurate ? | [
"Bone marrow suppression is dose limiting",
"It causes marked neurotoxicity",
"It inhibits HIV protease",
"It is a non–nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tricyclic antidepressant are contraindicated in: | [
"Glaucoma",
"Brain tumor",
"Bronchial asthma",
"Hypeension"
] | A | Due to anticholinergic action, TCAs should be avoided in glaucoma These agents block muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, resulting in anticholinergic effects (e.g., dry mouth, blurred vision, urine retention, constipation); they are contraindicated in patients with glaucoma. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The pain around the hip with flexion, adduction & internal rotation of lower limb in a young adult after a road traffic accident is suggestive of- | [
"Intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck",
"Extracapsular fracture of the femoral neck",
"Posterior dislocation of hip",
"Anterior dislocation of hip q"
] | C | *Shoening, internal rotation, flexion and adduction at hip after a road traffic accident suggest the diagnosis of posterior dislocation of hip. Ref: Apley's 9th/e p.844 | train | med_mcqa | null |
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