question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
value | dataset stringclasses 6
values | subject stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plants, cyanobacteria, and algae are living things that undergo what process and produce glucose? | [
"glycolysis",
"photosynthesis",
"cytoplasmic transfer",
"cellular respiration"
] | B | Living things that undergo photosynthesis and produce glucose include plants, cyanobacteria, and algae. | train | sciq | null |
All chemical changes involve a transfer of what? | [
"fuel",
"energy",
"heating",
"Water"
] | B | All chemical changes involve a transfer of energy. When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, the test tube becomes very warm as energy is released during the reaction. Some other reactions absorb energy. While energy changes are a potential sign of a chemical reaction, care must be taken to ensure that a chemical reacti... | train | sciq | null |
What is the unique larval form of mollusks called? | [
"microfilariae",
"scallop",
"trochophore",
"hydra"
] | C | Mollusks reproduce sexually. Most species have separate male and female sexes. Gametes are released into the mantle cavity. Fertilization may be internal or external, depending on the species. Fertilized eggs develop into larvae. There may be one or more larval stages. Each one is different from the adult stage. Mollus... | train | sciq | null |
A voltage source and a conductor are common to all what? | [
"magnets",
"thermometers",
"electric circuits",
"cooling circuits"
] | C | All electric circuits have at least two parts: a voltage source and a conductor. They may have other parts as well, such as light bulbs and switches, as in the simple circuit seen in the Figure below . To see an animation of a circuit like this one, go to: http://www. rkm. com. au/animations/animation-electrical-circui... | train | sciq | null |
Root systems are mainly of two types. dicots have a tap root system, while monocots have a what? | [
"long root system",
"fibrous root system",
"runner root system",
"attaching root system"
] | B | Types of Root Systems Root systems are mainly of two types (Figure 30.15). Dicots have a tap root system, while monocots have a fibrous root system. A tap root system has a main root that grows down vertically, and from which many smaller lateral roots arise. Dandelions are a good example; their tap roots usually break... | train | sciq | null |
Enzymes in cellular reactions work to do what to the reaction? | [
"increase yield",
"speed it up",
"decrease heat",
"slow it down"
] | B | Enzymes are extremely efficient in speeding up reactions. They can catalyze up to several million reactions per second. As a result, the difference in rates of biochemical reactions with and without enzymes may be enormous. A typical biochemical reaction might take hours or even days to occur under normal cellular cond... | train | sciq | null |
Bony fish can live in either of what type of aquatic biome? | [
"saltwater or freshwater",
"coral reefs or freshwater",
"estuaries or saltwater",
"oceans or estuaries"
] | A | Bony fish may live in salt water or freshwater. They consume a wide range of foods. For example, they may eat algae, smaller fish, detritus, or dead organisms, depending on the species of fish. | train | sciq | null |
What is categorized by the forces holding the individual atoms, ions, or molecules together? | [
"liquids",
"oils",
"solids",
"gases"
] | C | Solids can be categorized by the forces holding the individual atoms, ions, or molecules together. The Table below summarizes the properties of different solids:. | train | sciq | null |
What are the two main types of air pollutants? | [
"primary and secondary",
"good and bad",
"a and b",
"new and old"
] | A | There are two main types of air pollutants: primary and secondary. Most air pollutants come from burning fossil fuels. Some come from burning forests. Some are due to the evaporation of chemicals. | train | sciq | null |
The job of the nucleolus is to build what? | [
"cells",
"electrons",
"ribosomes",
"chromosomes"
] | C | The nucleus of many cells also contains a central region called the nucleolus . The job of the nucleolus is to build ribosomes. These ribosomes flow out the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are organelles that make proteins in the cytoplasm. See the composition of the nucleus pictured below ( Figure below ). | train | sciq | null |
For many decades, scientists have known that atoms consist of electrons and other particles called protons and? | [
"rods",
"neutrons",
"waves",
"nanoparticles"
] | B | For many decades, scientists have known that atoms consist of electrons and other particles called protons and neutrons. Recently they found that there are even smaller particles in atoms. Scientists call these extremely tiny particles by the funny name of quarks. As you can see in this diagram, there are several diffe... | train | sciq | null |
Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia have life-threatening levels of cholesterol because their cells cannot clear what particles from their blood? | [
"low-density lipoprotein (ldl)",
"high - density lipoprotein (hdl)",
"iron (Fe)",
"oxygen (O)"
] | A | In receptor-mediated endocytosis, as in phagocytosis, clathrin is attached to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. If uptake of a compound is dependent on receptor-mediated endocytosis and the process is ineffective, the material will not be removed from the tissue fluids or blood. Instead, it will stay in thos... | train | sciq | null |
What action, performed multiple times daily, is the single biggest use of water in the home? | [
"washing clothes",
"flushing the toilet",
"taking showers",
"watering plants"
] | B | It’s easy to save water at home. If you save even a few gallons a day you can make a big difference over the long run. The best place to start saving water is in the bathroom. Toilet flushing is the single biggest use of water in the home. Showers and baths are the next biggest use. Follow the tips below to save water ... | train | sciq | null |
What is a form of mechanical energy that starts with a vibration in matter? | [
"electrical energy",
"sound energy",
"solar energy",
"industrial energy"
] | B | 6. Sound energy is a form of mechanical energy that starts with a vibration in matter. For example, the singer’s voice starts with vibrations of his vocal cords, which are folds of tissue in his throat. The vibrations pass to surrounding particles of matter and then from one particle to another in waves. Sound waves ca... | train | sciq | null |
What's caused by damaged capillaries in the kidneys so the nephrons can no longer filter blood? | [
"kidney failure",
"bacteria failure",
"sponge failure",
"colon failure"
] | A | Untreated diabetes may damage capillaries in the kidneys so the nephrons can no longer filter blood. This is called kidney failure. The only cure for kidney failure is to receive a healthy transplanted kidney from a donor. Until that happens, a patient with kidney failure can be kept alive by artificially filtering the... | train | sciq | null |
What do roots bring in from the soil into the plant? | [
"pesticides and chlorophyll",
"dirt and minerals",
"hormones and fertilizer",
"water and nutrients"
] | D | train | sciq | null | |
In addition to spiral cleavage, protostomes also undergo which other form of cleavage? | [
"determinate",
"diagonal",
"straight",
"dispersive"
] | A | There is a second distinction between the types of cleavage in protostomes and deuterostomes. In addition to spiral cleavage, protostomes also undergo determinate cleavage. This means that even at this early stage, the developmental fate of each embryonic cell is already determined. A cell does not have the ability to ... | train | sciq | null |
What term is used to describe animals with three germ layers? | [
"triplegerm",
"sporozoans",
"triploblasts",
"multilayer"
] | C | Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/symmetry2) to see a quick sketch of the different types of body symmetry. Layers of Tissues Most animal species undergo a layering of early tissues during embryonic development. These layers are called germ layers. Each layer develops into a specific set of tissues and or... | train | sciq | null |
Due to similar function, the wings of bats and birds are referred to as what type of structures? | [
"analogous structures",
"Identical structures",
"matching structures",
"symmetrical structures"
] | A | John Romanes, modified by CK-12 Foundation. Wings of bats and birds are analogous structures . Public Domain. | train | sciq | null |
If the amount of force of that is applied is increased, what happens to the work that a machine is producing? | [
"it is harder",
"it is easier",
"it's variable",
"it's unchanged"
] | B | Machines make work easier by increasing the amount of force that is applied, increasing the distance over which the force is applied, or changing the direction in which the force is applied. Contrary to popular belief, machines do not increase the amount of work that is done. They just change how the work is done. So i... | train | sciq | null |
What is the name for speed with a direction? | [
"acceleration",
"velocity",
"trajectory",
"distance"
] | B | Speed represents how quickly an object is moving through space. Velocity is speed with a direction, making it a vector quantity. If an object’s velocity changes with time, the object is said to be accelerating. As we’ll see in the next chapters, understanding the acceleration of an object is the key to understanding it... | train | sciq | null |
How many types of mechanical waves are there? | [
"nine",
"three",
"five",
"one"
] | B | There are three types of mechanical waves. They differ in how they travel through a medium. The three types are transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves. All three types are described in detail below. | train | sciq | null |
What is required for a decay chain to end? | [
"radioactive cascade",
"stable half-life",
"unstable end-product",
"stable end-product"
] | D | We have talked about the activity and decay of individual isotopes. In the real world, there is a decay chain that takes place until a stable end-product is produced. For U-238, the chain is a long one, with a mix of isotopes having very different half-lives. The end of the chain resides in lead, a stable element that ... | train | sciq | null |
What do you call the process that results in an animal producing offspring? | [
"creationism",
"differentiation",
"adoption",
"reproduction"
] | D | train | sciq | null | |
What do voltmeters measure? | [
"voltage increase across a resistor",
"voltage drop across a resistor",
"current drop across a resistor",
"current increase across a resistor"
] | B | Voltmeters measure the voltage drop across a resistor. | train | sciq | null |
Distinct from a suspension, a solution is considered what type of mixture? | [
"continuous",
"gaseous",
"homogeneous",
"heterogeneous"
] | C | As a child, you may have made suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water, known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible (or that can be seen with a magnifying glass). They are c... | train | sciq | null |
What is the largest and most complex algae | [
"brown algae",
"green algae",
"open algae",
"strange algae"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
Scientists around the world study speciation, documenting observations both of living organisms and those found in the fossil record. as their ideas take shape and as research reveals new details about how life evolves, they develop models to help explain what? | [
"spontaneous mutation",
"creation theory",
"food chains",
"rates of speciation"
] | D | Varying Rates of Speciation Scientists around the world study speciation, documenting observations both of living organisms and those found in the fossil record. As their ideas take shape and as research reveals new details about how life evolves, they develop models to help explain rates of speciation. In terms of how... | train | sciq | null |
How long do the long-lived isotopes require to decay to a safe level in a nuclear reactor? | [
"thousands of years",
"hundreds of years",
"millions of years",
"tens of years"
] | A | The energy produced by a reactor fueled with enriched uranium results from the fission of uranium as well as from the fission of plutonium produced as the reactor operates. As discussed previously, the plutonium forms from the combination of neutrons and the uranium in the fuel. In any nuclear reactor, only about 0.1% ... | train | sciq | null |
The production of light by living things is called what? | [
"attenuation",
"bioluminescence",
"bio-glow",
"apoptosis"
] | B | Another interesting feature of many cnidarians is the ability to produce light. The production of light by living things is called bioluminescence. A more familiar example of bioluminescence is the light produced by fireflies. In cnidarians, bioluminescence may be used to startle predators or to attract prey or mates. ... | train | sciq | null |
Animals that live in groups with other members of their species are called what? | [
"energetic animals",
"social animals",
"present animals",
"common animals"
] | B | Why is animal communication important? Without it, animals would not be able to live together in groups. Animals that live in groups with other members of their species are called social animals . Social animals include many species of insects, birds, and mammals. Specific examples of social animals are ants, bees, cro... | train | sciq | null |
Teeth in the back of the mouth are used for what? | [
"swallowing food",
"grinding food",
"tearing food",
"cutting food"
] | B | The mouth also begins the process of mechanical digestion. Sharp teeth in the front of the mouth cut or tear food when you bite into it (see Figure below ). Broad teeth in the back of the mouth grind food when you chew. Food is easier to chew because it is moistened by saliva from the salivary glands. The tongue helps ... | train | sciq | null |
Compared to red light, blue light has a shorter what? | [
"gravity",
"absorption",
"wavelength",
"life span"
] | C | Blue light has a shorter wavelength than red light. Which color has the higher frequency? Which moves faster in a vacuum?. | train | sciq | null |
The most common substance on earth, water, is primarily present in what state? | [
"freshwater",
"liquid",
"gas",
"solid"
] | B | Water is the most common substance on Earth, and most of it exists in the liquid state. A liquid is one of four well-known states of matter, along with solid, gas, and plasma states. The particles of liquids are in close contact with each other but not as tightly packed as the particles in solids. The particles can sli... | train | sciq | null |
What kind of respiration allows rapid production of atp in low oxygen situations? | [
"anabolic",
"aerobic",
"anaerobic",
"enzymatic"
] | C | Muscle color reflects its specialization for aerobic or anaerobic metabolism. Although humans are obligate aerobes , our muscle cells have not given up on ancient pathways which allow them to keep producing ATP quickly when oxygen runs low. The difference is more pronounced in chickens and grouse ( Figure below ), whic... | train | sciq | null |
What two forces tend to keep an animal stationary and thus oppose locomotion? | [
"workload and gravity",
"thickness and gravity",
"friction and gravity",
"stength and gravity"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What are membrane-bound organelles with their own dna called? | [
"chromosomes",
"ribosomes",
"vacuoles",
"plastids"
] | D | Plastids are membrane-bound organelles with their own DNA. Examples are chloroplasts and chromoplasts. Chloroplasts contain the green pigment chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis . Chromoplasts make and store other pigments. They give flower petals their bright colors. | train | sciq | null |
What kind of atomic molecule is oxygen gas? | [
"symbiotic",
"dramatic",
"aromatic",
"diatomic"
] | D | Make sure formulas of all reactants and products are correct before balancing the equation. Oxygen gas is a diatomic molecule. Potassium oxide is an ionic compound and so its formula is constructed by the crisscross method. Potassium as an ion becomes K + , while the oxide ion is O 2− . | train | sciq | null |
Why can't fungi make their own food like plants do? | [
"no hydrogen",
"no cells",
"no chloroplasts",
"no organelles"
] | C | Fungi cannot make their own food like plants can, since they do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry out photosynthesis. Fungi are more like animals because they are heterotrophs, as opposed to autotrophs, like plants, that make their own food. Fungi have to obtain their food, nutrients and glucose, from outside sour... | train | sciq | null |
The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for the senses of hearing and what else? | [
"smell",
"balance",
"sight",
"awareness"
] | B | motor nucleus), and their target (sensory nucleus or skeletal muscle). They are listed here with a brief explanation of each nerve (Figure 13.23). The olfactory nerve and optic nerve are responsible for the sense of smell and vision, respectively. The oculomotor nerve is responsible for eye movements by controlling fou... | train | sciq | null |
What is an alloy of copper and tin? | [
"gold",
"bronze",
"zinc",
"silver"
] | B | Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, has been in use since ancient times. The Bronze Age saw the increased use of metals rather than stone for weapons, tools, and decorative objects. Brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, is widely used in musical instruments like the trumpet and trombone. | train | sciq | null |
What spreads sti during sexual contact? | [
"blood",
"viruses",
"parasites",
"pathogens"
] | D | STIs are diseases caused by pathogens that spread through sexual contact. | train | sciq | null |
How many amino acids are arranged like "beads on a string" to form proteins? | [
"20",
"15",
"25",
"35"
] | A | Proteins are nutrients made up of smaller molecules called amino acids . Recall that there are 20 different amino acids arranged like "beads on a string" to form proteins. These amino acid chains then fold up into a three-dimensional molecule, giving the protein a specific function. Proteins have several important role... | train | sciq | null |
What do refrigerator magnets contain that make them stick to a refrigerator door? | [
"iron",
"steel",
"copper",
"zinc"
] | A | Refrigerator magnets stick to a refrigerator door because it contains iron. Why won’t the magnets stick to wooden cabinet doors?. | train | sciq | null |
When does most amphibians' parenting end? | [
"never",
"after adolescence",
"once eggs have been laid",
"once offspring reach adulthood"
] | C | Amphibians generally lay large number of eggs. Often, many adults lay eggs in the same place at the same time. This helps to ensure that eggs will be fertilized and at least some of the embryos will survive. Once eggs have been laid, most amphibians are done with their parenting. | train | sciq | null |
What helps an insectivorous plant attract and digest insects? | [
"specialized flowers",
"specialized leaves",
"spines",
"special seeds"
] | B | Insectivorous Plants An insectivorous plant has specialized leaves to attract and digest insects. The Venus flytrap is popularly known for its insectivorous mode of nutrition, and has leaves that work as traps (Figure 31.16). The minerals it obtains from prey compensate for those lacking in the boggy (low pH) soil of i... | train | sciq | null |
E. coli uses how many enzymes to take up and metabolize lactose? | [
"4",
"3",
"2",
"11"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
What forms as a result of decomposition when n2o is heated? | [
"nitrogen and oxygen",
"calcium and oxygen",
"ammonia and nitrogren",
"nitrogen and hydrogen"
] | A | The oxides of nitrogen(III), nitrogen(IV), and nitrogen(V) react with water and form nitrogen-containing oxyacids. Nitrogen(III) oxide, N2O3, is the anhydride of nitrous acid; HNO2 forms when N2O3 reacts with water. There are no stable oxyacids containing nitrogen with an oxidation state of 4+; therefore, nitrogen(IV) ... | train | sciq | null |
Biomass can also be processed to make what kind of fuel? | [
"gasoline",
"hydrogen fuel",
"biofuel",
"fossil"
] | C | Biomass is another renewable source of energy. Biomass includes wood, grains, and other plant materials or waste materials. People can burn wood directly for energy in the form of heat. Biomass can also be processed to make biofuel. Biofuel is a fairly new type of energy that is becoming more popular. Biomass is useful... | train | sciq | null |
What is produced when an egg is fertilized by a sperm in a fallopian tube? | [
"uterus",
"ovaries",
"fetus",
"zygote"
] | D | Fertilization of an egg by a sperm in a fallopian tube produces a zygote. The zygote develops into a blastocyst, which implants in the uterus. The offspring then goes through the embryonic and fetal stages. The placenta supports the needs of the developing embryo and fetus. Birth generally occurs at about 38 months aft... | train | sciq | null |
What structures receive blood from the atria and pump it out of the heart? | [
"Vascular Fibers",
"ventricles",
"valves",
"muscles"
] | B | The bottom two chambers of the heart are called the left and right ventricles. The ventricles receive blood from the atria and pump it out of the heart, either to the lungs or to the rest of the body. | train | sciq | null |
What are modified leaves that bear sporangia? | [
"sporophylls",
"neutrophils",
"spines",
"sporozoans"
] | A | train | sciq | null | |
The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of what? | [
"osmosis",
"exocytosis",
"proteolysis",
"endocytosis"
] | B | Exocytosis The reverse process of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis. Exocytosis is the opposite of the processes discussed above in that its purpose is to expel material from the cell into the extracellular fluid. Waste material is enveloped in a membrane and fuses with the interior of the plasma... | train | sciq | null |
Constriction and dilation allow the circulatory system to change the amount of blood flowing to which body parts? | [
"organs",
"muscles",
"tissues",
"arteries"
] | A | Constriction and dilation allow the circulatory system to change the amount of blood flowing to different organs. For example, during a fight-or-flight response, dilation and constriction of blood vessels allow more blood to flow to skeletal muscles and less to flow to digestive organs. Dilation of blood vessels in the... | train | sciq | null |
Focused on evolution, the studies of what man have reshaped and influenced all aspects of biology? | [
"charles darwin",
"scopes",
"Linnaeus",
"Albert Einstein"
] | A | Evolution focuses on past life forms and how they turned into present life forms. The history of life on Earth demonstrates how the first cells formed, turned into simple life forms, and then became more complex plants and animals. The studies of Charles Darwin have reshaped and influenced all aspects of biology. The m... | train | sciq | null |
Are cnidarians typically found in ocean or fresh water habitats? | [
"freshwater",
"lakes",
"rivers",
"ocean"
] | D | Cnidarians can be found in almost all ocean habitats. A few species live in fresh water. | train | sciq | null |
Increasing the pressure on a gas has what effect on its solubility? | [
"slow",
"decrease",
"halt",
"increase"
] | D | The solubility of gases is also affected by pressure. Pressure is the force pushing against a given area. Increasing the pressure on a gas increases its solubility. Did you ever open a can of soda and notice how it fizzes out of the can? Soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide. Opening the can reduces the pressure on th... | train | sciq | null |
What type of fertilization do most reptiles have? | [
"budding",
"external",
"internal",
"spawning"
] | C | Most reptiles reproduce sexually and have internal fertilization. They lay eggs on land and generally do not provide parental care. Reptile hatchlings look like miniature adults. They lack a larval stage and do not go through metamorphosis. | train | sciq | null |
The vertebrate endoskeleton is made of bone and what tough, flexible tissue? | [
"cuticle",
"synovial tissue",
"cartilage",
"collagen"
] | C | The vertebrate endoskeleton is made of bone and cartilage. Cartilage is a tough, flexible tissue that contains a protein called collagen. Bone is a hard tissue consisting of a collagen framework that is filled in with minerals such as calcium. Bone is less flexible than cartilage but stronger. A bony endoskeleton allow... | train | sciq | null |
What has hot days and cool nights, and are typically covered with sand dunes or sparse but hardy plants? | [
"deserts",
"tundra",
"arctic",
"rain forest"
] | A | The driest climates are deserts . Most occur between about 15° and 30° latitude. This is where dry air sinks to the surface in the global circulation cells. Deserts receive less than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of rain per year. They may be covered with sand dunes or be home to sparse but hardy plants (see Figure below ... | train | sciq | null |
In addition to insects, what large invertebrate phylum includes animals such as spiders, centipedes, and lobsters? | [
"onychophora",
"arthropoda",
"fungi",
"ostracods"
] | B | Arthropods are invertebrates in Phylum Arthropoda. There are more than a million known species of arthropods. However, scientists estimate that only about a tenth of all arthropod species have been identified. In addition to insects, arthropods include animals such as spiders, centipedes, and lobsters. You can see why ... | train | sciq | null |
Monatomic cations have the same name as their parent element. what happens to monatomic anions? | [
"ends in - fe",
"ends in - de",
"ends in - se",
"ends in - be"
] | B | Monatomic cations have the same name as their parent element, whereas monatomic anions end in - ide . | train | sciq | null |
What part of the body do hookworms infest? | [
"brain",
"intestines",
"lungs",
"skin"
] | B | Hookworms, such as Ancyclostoma and Necator, infest the intestines and feed on the blood of mammals, especially in dogs, cats, and humans. Trichina worms (Trichinella) are the causal organism of trichinosis in humans, often resulting from the consumption of undercooked pork; Trichinella can infect other mammalian hosts... | train | sciq | null |
Parasitic leeches feed off of what? | [
"blood",
"tissue",
"brain",
"tumor"
] | A | Annelids are segmented worms such as earthworms and leeches. Annelids have a coelom, closed circulatory system, excretory system, and complete digestive system. They also have a brain. Earthworms are important deposit feeders that help form and enrich soil. Leeches are either predators or parasites. Parasitic leeches f... | train | sciq | null |
The mars rover collected round clumps of crystals that, on earth, usually form in what? | [
"rocks",
"air",
"volcanoes",
"water"
] | D | The ice ages were very recent as Earth history goes. The animals are familiar, but they're still very different from modern ones. For one thing, most of them were huge. A small surface area-to-volume ratio is better for keeping warm (less surface to lose heat from). Although the dominant animals were mammals, the Pleis... | train | sciq | null |
Attraction of a material by a magnet is an example of what type of property? | [
"transitive",
"thermal",
"chemical",
"physical"
] | D | Iron filings are attracted by a magnet. This is a physical property of iron but not of most other materials, including sand. How could you use this difference in physical properties to separate a mixture of iron filings and sand?. | train | sciq | null |
What phenomenon is essential in order for evolution to occur because it increases genetic variation and the potential for individuals to differ? | [
"radiation",
"replication",
"mutation",
"natural selection"
] | C | Mutations are essential for evolution to occur because they increase genetic variation and the potential for individuals to differ. The majority of mutations are neutral in their effects on the organisms in which they occur. Beneficial mutations may become more common through natural selection. Harmful mutations may ca... | train | sciq | null |
The two types of glaciers are continental and what other kind? | [
"micro",
"valley",
"macro",
"rolling"
] | B | Glaciers form when more snow falls than melts each year. Over many years, layer upon layer of snow compacts and turns to ice. There are two different types of glaciers: continental glaciers and valley glaciers. Each type forms some unique features through erosion and deposition. An example of each type is pictured in F... | train | sciq | null |
In dioecious animals, females generally produce what contribution to reproduction? | [
"warmth",
"milk",
"eggs",
"intelligence"
] | C | During sexual reproduction, two parents are involved. Most animals are dioecious , meaning there is a separate male and female sex, with the male producing sperm and the female producing eggs. When a sperm and egg meet during fertilization , a zygote , the first cell of a new organism, is formed ( Figure below ). This ... | train | sciq | null |
The cells of all protists have a what? | [
"nucleus",
"cell walls",
"protons",
"argon"
] | A | The cells of all protists have a nucleus. They also have other membrane-bound organelles. For example, all of them have mitochondria, and some of them have chloroplasts. | train | sciq | null |
What type of organism causes many common diseases such as strep throat and food-borne illnesses? | [
"virus",
"bacteria",
"parasite",
"prion"
] | B | Worldwide, the most common disease caused by bacteria is tuberculosis (TB). TB is a serious disease of the lungs. Another common disease caused by bacteria is strep throat. You may have had strep throat yourself. Bacteria that cause strep throat are shown below ( Figure below ). Some types of pneumonia and many cases o... | train | sciq | null |
What type of current do generators in cars use? | [
"magnum current",
"polar current",
"alternating current",
"direct current"
] | C | Generators may be set up to produce either alternating or direct current. Generators in cars and most power plants produce alternating current. | train | sciq | null |
What is the movement of plates called? | [
"fracking",
"migration",
"plate tectonics",
"volcanic activity"
] | C | Earthquakes are used to identify plate boundaries ( Figure below ). When earthquake locations are put on a map, they outline the plates . The movements of the plates are called plate tectonics. | train | sciq | null |
Name a carbonyl in which the carbon atom is bonded to one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom (or two hydrogen atoms). | [
"ketone",
"aldehyde",
"acetylcholine",
"ester"
] | B | An aldehyde is a carbonyl in which the carbon atom is bonded to one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom (or two hydrogen atoms, see below). Because the hydrogen atom is so small, the partial positive charge on the carbonyl carbon is very easy for other molecules to approach, making aldehydes a particularly reactive type ... | train | sciq | null |
The color of an object is determined by the what of it's reflected light? | [
"wavelength",
"variation",
"luminosity",
"absorption"
] | A | We see an opaque object, such as the apple in Figure below , because it reflects some wavelengths of visible light. The wavelengths that are reflected determine the color that the object appears. For example, the apple in the figure appears red because it reflects red light and absorbs light of other wavelengths. We se... | train | sciq | null |
The process in which dna is copied is called what? | [
"dna replication",
"dna transfer",
"dna splicing",
"dna duplication"
] | A | The process in which DNA is copied is called DNA replication . You can see how it happens in Figure below . An enzyme breaks the bonds between the two DNA strands. Another enzyme pairs new, complementary nucleotides with those in the original chains. Two daughter DNA molecules form. Each contains one new chain and one ... | train | sciq | null |
What type of seismic waves do the most damage? | [
"sunlight",
"tension",
"gravity",
"surface"
] | D | The surface seismic waves do the most damage because they only travel along the surface of the ground. | train | sciq | null |
Which continent is the only one that reptiles don't inhabit? | [
"antartica",
"South America",
"Europe",
"Africa"
] | A | Today, reptiles live in a wide range of habitats. They can be found on every continent except Antarctica. Many turtles live in the ocean, while others live in freshwater or on land. Lizards are all terrestrial, but their habitats may range from deserts to rainforests, and from underground burrows to the tops of trees. ... | train | sciq | null |
What is responsible for the foul smell of rancid butt? | [
"ibogaine acid",
"butyric acid",
"Fatty Acid",
"affixed acid"
] | B | 25°C is 4.83. Butyric acid is responsible for the foul smell of rancid butter. | train | sciq | null |
The carbon cycle can be thought of in terms of two interdependent cycles - cellular respiration and what else? | [
"spermatogenesis",
"photosynthesis",
"glycolysis",
"pollination"
] | B | train | sciq | null | |
What is the term for the green pigment in leaves that captures energy from the sun? | [
"verdye",
"ammonia",
"chlorophyll",
"carbonate"
] | C | Chlorophyll is the green pigment in leaves that captures energy from the sun. Chlorophyll molecules are located in the thylakoid membranes inside chloroplasts. | train | sciq | null |
Evolutionary adaptation is evidenced by different shapes of what structures in birds with different food preferences? | [
"beaks",
"claws",
"necks",
"Stomach"
] | A | Notice the differences in the species’ beaks in Figure 18.13. Evolution in response to natural selection based on specific food sources in each new habitat led to evolution of a different beak suited to the specific food source. The seed-eating bird has a thicker, stronger beak which is suited to break hard nuts. The n... | train | sciq | null |
Amino acids contain both a carboxylic acid group and what other group? | [
"lipid",
"fatty",
"amine",
"compounds"
] | C | Amino acids contain both a carboxylic acid group and an amine group. | train | sciq | null |
What is an alloy of both tin and copper? | [
"bronze",
"Aluminium",
"silver",
"Cobalt"
] | A | Archaeological evidence suggests that people have been using tin for at least 5500 years. Tin is used to form many useful alloys (mixtures of two or more metals). Bronze is an alloy of tin and copper, while solder is an alloy of tin and lead. | train | sciq | null |
What is the option to remove kidney stones other than surgery? | [
"glandular treatments",
"pump treatments",
"skin treatments",
"ultrasound treatments"
] | D | Several other kinds of unsaturated monomers can be polymerized and are components in common household products. Polypropylene is stiffer than polyethylene is in plastic utensils and some other types of containers. | train | sciq | null |
What does a theory need to be supported by? | [
"facts",
"peer reviewed journals",
"many observations",
"scientists"
] | C | In science, a theory has been repeatedly shown to be true. A theory is supported by many observations. However, a theory may be disproved if conflicting data is discovered. Many important theories have been shown to be true by many observations and experiments and are extremely unlikely to be disproved. These include t... | train | sciq | null |
What happens when antibodies are transferred to a person who has never been exposed to the pathogen? | [
"allergic reaction",
"active disease",
"acquired immunity",
"passive immunity"
] | D | Passive immunity results when antibodies are transferred to a person who has never been exposed to the pathogen. Passive immunity lasts only as long as the antibodies survive in body fluids. This is usually between a few days and a few months. Passive immunity may be acquired by a fetus through its mother’s blood. It m... | train | sciq | null |
What is the name for electrons closer to the nucleus that do not participate in bonding? | [
"odd electrons",
"core electrons",
"surface electrons",
"radical electrons"
] | B | Core electrons are the electrons that are closer to the nucleus and therefore do not participate in bonding. | train | sciq | null |
Which acid releases nitrates into soil? | [
"lactic",
"citric",
"uric",
"sulfuric"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What instrument made it possible to study pressure quantitatively? | [
"seismograph",
"barometer",
"thermometer",
"anemometer"
] | B | The thermometer was developed a short time after the barometer made it possible to study pressure in a quantitative manner. Although crude thermometers had been available for quite some time, Daniel Fahrenheit constructed a more accurate thermometer in 1724 using mercury in glass. Because the height of the mercury in t... | train | sciq | null |
What asymmetrical organ has four chambers and, in humans, is about the size of a clenched fist? | [
"heart",
"liver",
"brain",
"kidney"
] | A | Structure of the Heart The heart muscle is asymmetrical as a result of the distance blood must travel in the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Since the right side of the heart sends blood to the pulmonary circuit it is smaller than the left side which must send blood out to the whole body in the systemic circuit, as sh... | train | sciq | null |
Geiger counters can be used to detect what, in general? | [
"evaporation",
"radiation",
"convection",
"seismic load"
] | B | One reason radiation is dangerous is that it can’t be detected with the senses. You normally can’t see it, smell it, hear it, or feel it. Fortunately, there are devices such as Geiger counters that can detect radiation. A Geiger counter, like the one in Figure below , has a tube that contains atoms of a gas. If radiati... | train | sciq | null |
What term is used to describe the energy of matter in motion? | [
"kinetic energy",
"emotional energy",
"gravitational energy",
"frictional energy"
] | A | 2.3 Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions, in which chemical bonds are broken and formed, require an initial investment of energy. Kinetic energy, the energy of matter in motion, fuels the collisions of atoms, ions, and molecules that are necessary if their old bonds are to break and new ones to form. All molecules sto... | train | sciq | null |
What do you call the illness that occurs when harmful bacteria enter the digestive system in food? | [
"food poisoning",
"bacteria poisoning",
"meat poisoning",
"nutrition poisoning"
] | A | illness that occurs when harmful bacteria enter the digestive system in food; commonly called food poisoning. | train | sciq | null |
Herbivores and omnivores have longer alimentary canals compared to what? | [
"mammals",
"arthropods",
"carnivores",
"centipedes"
] | C | train | sciq | null | |
What do tadpoles turn into? | [
"fish",
"frogs",
"insects",
"snakes"
] | B | Frogs develop from tadpoles, which develop from eggs. Notice the formation of the two powerful back legs used for jumping. | train | sciq | null |
The heat capacity of an object depends on its chemical composition and what other property? | [
"weight",
"mass",
"volume",
"concentrations"
] | B | If a swimming pool and wading, both full of water at the same temperature were subjected to the same input of heat energy, the wading pool would certainly rise in temperature more quickly than the swimming pool. The heat capacity of an object depends both on its mass and its chemical composition. Because of its much la... | train | sciq | null |
Human skin color is primarily due to the presence of what pigment in the skin? | [
"tannin",
"melatonin",
"cytoplasm",
"melanin"
] | D | Human skin color is primarily due to the presence of the pigment melanin in the skin. Melanin is not a protein, but it is the product of a biosynthetic pathway. Skin color is a polygenic trait and obviously demonstrates quantitative characteristics. A number of genes factor into determining a person's natural skin colo... | train | sciq | null |
What is pollution that enters water at just one point called? | [
"point source pollution",
"point supply pollution",
"entry point pollution",
"point supply pollution"
] | A | Pollution that enters water at just one point is called point source pollution . For example, chemicals from a factory might empty into a stream through a pipe or set of pipes (see Figure below ). Pollution that enters in many places is called non-point source pollution . This means that the pollution is from multiple ... | train | sciq | null |
The various sensory organs are part of what organ system? | [
"respiratory",
"digestive",
"nervous",
"lymphatic"
] | C | Sensory organs such as the eyes and ears are part of the nervous system. The nervous system controls all other body systems. However, the nervous system doesn’t work alone. The endocrine system also helps to regulate the body and its functions. | train | sciq | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.