question stringlengths 17 586 | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4 values | split stringclasses 1 value | rationale null | source_dataset stringclasses 1 value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What is a large buildup of moving ice and snow called? | [
"drumlin",
"delta",
"glacier",
"moraine"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these conditions would most likely be shown in the fossil record as a reason for mass extinctions? | [
"increased competition for resources",
"falling sea levels and global cooling",
"organisms with beneficial traits",
"increased solar activity"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
One of the functions of a topographic map is to | [
"gauge local rainfall amounts.",
"study the area's geological history.",
"predict the severity of earthquakes.",
"show the surface features of an area."
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Reptiles become more active as the day gets warmer. This is because | [
"they have scaly skin.",
"they have slimy skin.",
"their body temperature stays at a constant level.",
"their body temperature changes with the environment."
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an element? | [
"closed loop system",
"Punnett square",
"Periodic Table",
"water cycle chart"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Some of the thermal structure of Earth is the result of a combination of chemical composition, temperature, and pressure. Which is a boundary that best demonstrates a contact point between layers having relatively the same temperature and chemical composition? | [
"lithosphere and mesosphere",
"inner core and outer core",
"outer core and mantle",
"mantle and crust"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A hillside along a highway has exposed layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock. Which method would be best for scientists to use to determine the relative age of these sedimentary rock layers? | [
"apply the law of superposition",
"calculate the rate of radiometric decay",
"apply the law of crosscutting relationships",
"calculate the rate of tectonic plate movement"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
What are petri dishes used for in a lab? | [
"reflecting light to form images",
"measuring the mass of molecules",
"growing bacteria in a controlled setting",
"observing the strength of physical forces"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
How do most fish get the oxygen they need to survive? | [
"They take in water and break it down into hydrogen and oxygen.",
"Using their gills, they take in oxygen that is dissolved in water.",
"They get their oxygen from the food they eat.",
"They come to the surface every few minutes to breathe air into their lungs."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Miranda's neighbors have an apple tree in their yard. What is the source of energy for the apple tree? | [
"rain",
"soil",
"sunlight",
"wind"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Some types of trees are able to survive the heat of a forest fire. Which of the following characteristics would best help a tree survive a fire? | [
"large leaves",
"shallow roots",
"thick bark",
"thin trunks"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of the following would most likely happen if grasses and shrubs were removed from a rural Massachusetts ecosystem? | [
"There would be an increase in consumers in the ecosystem.",
"There would be an increase of photosynthesis in the ecosystem.",
"There would be a decrease in food energy produced by the ecosystem.",
"There would be a decrease of carbon dioxide available to the ecosystem."
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
In 2004, Maryland recycled more than 35% of all of the waste the state produced. Which of these benefits does recycling provide to Maryland? | [
"fewer wild animals",
"decreased farm crops",
"less trash sent to landfills",
"decreased use of electricity"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student finds a round, smooth pebble on a beach. Which action made the pebble smooth? | [
"rain falling",
"wind blowing",
"snow melting",
"waves moving"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The position of the liver in the circulatory system maximizes its ability to filter out harmful chemicals as soon as they enter the bloodstream. Blood travels to the liver from the | [
"nervous system.",
"digestive system.",
"immune system.",
"excretory system."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student recorded the amount of rain that fell in one year in his city. What is the best way for him to organize his information? | [
"diagram",
"graph",
"journal",
"map"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
While Anna was testing a circuit, she dropped a light bulb. What is the safest thing Anna can do? | [
"get a new bulb to finish the test",
"push the broken glass under a table",
"tell her teacher that she broke the bulb",
"ask her partner to help pick up the broken glass"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Sugar is added to water and the mixture is stirred. Which observation is evidence that the sugar dissolved in the water? | [
"Less sugar is visible.",
"The water is cloudy.",
"The sugar turned into crystals.",
"Bubbles formed in the water."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The direction water flows in a river depends on | [
"the length of the river",
"the slope of the land",
"the type of rock over which the water flows",
"the location of the North Pole"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A soccer player kicks a soccer ball across a field. Which factor has the most effect on the distance the soccer ball travels? | [
"the color of the ball",
"the force of the kick",
"the length of the field",
"the temperature of the air"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Many cells have a nucleus that contains chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that are composed of | [
"hormones",
"DNA molecules",
"minerals and water",
"undigested food molecules"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which items would best protect a group of students while investigating a forest ecosystem? | [
"short pants and T-shirts",
"short pants and long-sleeved shirts",
"long pants and T-shirts",
"long pants and long-sleeved shirts"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student needs to find the mass of an atom. The numbers of which atomic particles determines the mass of the atom? | [
"only its protons",
"only its electrons",
"both its protons and neutrons",
"both its neutrons and electrons"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which activity is necessary for humans to maintain good health? | [
"reading",
"resting",
"driving",
"talking"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student completes several tasks while making breakfast. During which task does the student make a solution? | [
"adding sugar to tea",
"pouring milk on cereal",
"spreading jelly on toast",
"sprinkling cheese on eggs"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which natural event can dry out plants and cause wildfires? | [
"drought",
"earthquake",
"flood",
"tornado"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Where would nitrogen most easily be found in the nitrogen cycle? | [
"in animal waste",
"in drinking water supplies",
"in underground mineral deposits",
"in carbon dioxide released by factories into the atmosphere"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Before it rains water must collect in | [
"clouds.",
"snow.",
"sleet.",
"fog."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which atmospheric phenomena are created by the interaction of charged particles with Earth's magnetosphere? | [
"auroras",
"tornadoes",
"rainbows",
"inversions"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these BEST describes the way a feather feels? | [
"Colorful",
"Soft",
"Low",
"Bright"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A tight metal lid on a jar of pickles may loosen when it has been held in hot water. This is because the hot water causes the | [
"glass jar to contract",
"metal lid to contract",
"glass jar to expand more than the metal lid expands",
"metal lid to expand more than the glass jar expands"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A scientist reads about an experiment conducted by a researcher.The scientist conducts the same experiment and collects data but this data contradicts what was published by the researcher. What should the scientist do since the data from the two experiments is contradictory? | [
"Repeat the experiment to check the data collected.",
"Contact the researcher who first performed the experiment.",
"Contact the scientific journal that published the experiment.",
"Disregard the data collected since the experiment was published."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The organisms that convert solar energy and raw materials into food are | [
"producers.",
"consumers.",
"herbivores.",
"decomposers."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these occurs if myosin fails to bind to actin during muscle contraction? | [
"The muscle cells will lose ATP.",
"The muscle cells will remain relaxed.",
"The muscle cells will produce lactic acid.",
"The muscle cells will lose calcium ions."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
How are cells able to produce the proteins required by certain conditions? | [
"by synthesizing new genes",
"by altering existing genes",
"by expressing existing genes",
"by mutating new genes"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
An organism's cells include organelles and a cell wall. In which taxonomic group or groups might the organism be classified? | [
"plants only",
"bacteria or archaea",
"plants, fungi, or protists",
"bacteria, fungi, or protists"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these structures produces male gametes in humans? | [
"testes",
"ovaries",
"scrotum",
"fallopian tube"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one | [
"rotation of Earth",
"rotation of the Sun",
"revolution of Earth around the Sun",
"revolution of the Sun around Earth"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these organisms has cells with cell walls? | [
"bluebird",
"A pine tree",
"A ladybug",
"A fox squirrel"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which is the result of mitosis? | [
"two identical nuclei",
"four unique cells",
"a decrease in genes",
"a new protein"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these materials on the walls of a room would work best to keep sound from making an echo? | [
"marble",
"carpet",
"wood",
"glass"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The starch and water molecules in potato cells are stored in what organelle? | [
"mitochondrion",
"nucleus",
"ribosome",
"vacuole"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which animals live part of their lives in water and part on land, and go through metamorphosis? | [
"reptiles",
"amphibians",
"birds",
"mammals"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student puts two identical plants in the same type and amount of soil. She gives them the same amount of water. She puts one of these plants near a sunny window and the other in a dark room. This experiment tests how the plants respond to | [
"light",
"air",
"water",
"soil"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Humans need food to grow and survive. Food that is not used immediately by the body for energy is | [
"stored for future use",
"converted to water for energy",
"used to remove wastes from cells",
"transformed into oxygen for survival"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
What structure surrounds the cell and regulates materials that enter and leave the cell? | [
"nucleus",
"chloroplast",
"mitochondrion",
"cell membrane"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
In order for boulders to become sediments, the boulders must first be | [
"heated and melted.",
"weathered and eroded.",
"recrystallized.",
"buried."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
During which stage of an insect's life cycle does the female lay eggs? | [
"nymph",
"larva",
"pupa",
"adult"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
When a dog smells food and begins drooling, it is responding to an external stimulus. Which of these describes a response to an internal stimulus? | [
"A cat sees a mouse and crouches.",
"A parrot hears a name and repeats it.",
"A person eats spoiled food and vomits.",
"A worm senses water and moves to the surface."
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which is an example of melting? | [
"Flowing water making a rock smooth",
"A carrot becoming soft when cooked",
"Sugar mixed into tea making the tea sweet",
"Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Students perform an investigation designed to measure the daily growth of a bean plant. Which should the students do every day of this investigation? | [
"record data",
"form hypothesis",
"form conclusion",
"define variables"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Ice cream in a bowl changed from solid to liquid in a few minutes. Which of the following most likely caused this change? | [
"Bacteria grew in the ice cream.",
"Heat was added to the ice cream.",
"Water evaporated from the ice cream.",
"Frozen berries were sprinkled on the ice cream."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The change in the use of one model of the solar system to the use of another model resulted in major changes in science and society. Which two scientists produced the earlier and later models, respectively? | [
"Hooke and Mendel",
"Newton and Galileo",
"Aristotle and Einstein",
"Ptolemy and Copernicus"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
An atom with a +1 charge has | [
"lost a proton.",
"lost an electron.",
"gained a proton.",
"gained an electron."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which is an example of a single-celled organism? | [
"amoeba",
"insect",
"fish",
"worm"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The Great Ocean Conveyer ocean current system runs north through the Atlantic from the equatorial region. If this current got disrupted, North American and European climates would become | [
"rainier.",
"colder.",
"windier.",
"more humid."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which region of the Milky Way contains a population that consists mostly of old stars? | [
"the halo",
"the spiral arms",
"the nuclear bulge",
"the open clusters"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
When a switch to a ceiling fan is turned on, electrical energy is being transformed into | [
"atomic energy.",
"potential energy.",
"chemical energy.",
"mechanical energy."
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
An agricultural scientist, George Washington Carver, is most famous for his research on | [
"tobacco.",
"peanuts.",
"mold.",
"corn."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student pours a clear liquid from a test tube into a beaker with a clear liquid already in it and notices that the mixture turns pink. The student infers the two clear liquids are different. This inference is a result of | [
"class discussion.",
"previous knowledge.",
"temperature changes.",
"student observations."
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
In what leaf structure is photosynthetic tissue found? | [
"cuticle",
"upper epidermis",
"mesophyll",
"vascular bundle"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The crude oil extracted today was formed millions of years ago from the fossilized remains of algae and other tiny marine organisms. Most parts of the organisms decomposed soon after they died. Which biomolecules decomposed more slowly and became the basis of crude oil? | [
"proteins",
"carbohydrates",
"fatty acids",
"nucleic acids"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Temperatures below freezing are expected overnight. What might be done to protect plants growing outside? | [
"trim the leaves",
"weed them",
"cover them",
"give them plant food"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Prolonged exercise stimulates muscle cells to absorb sugar from the blood. This mechanism reduces stress placed on the body by signaling the body to produce | [
"insulin.",
"lipids.",
"hemoglobin.",
"hydrochloric acid."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which geologic feature is evidence that the North American plate once collided with the Eurasian and African plates? | [
"the Appalachian Mountains",
"the Mohave Desert",
"the Mississippi River",
"the Great Lakes"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
During an experiment, a student reports that a liquid turned green when mixed with another liquid. This is an example of | [
"a measurement",
"a prediction",
"an explanation",
"an observation"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of the following causes a chemical change? | [
"sugar added to soda",
"detergent added to water",
"lemon juice added to milk",
"salt added to water"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which human organ system exchanges gases with the environment? | [
"endocrine",
"circulatory",
"respiratory",
"integumentary"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Improvements in geological observation technologies have made it easier for scientists to locate resources in Earth's crust. These technologies have allowed for an increase in availability of which resource? | [
"wind power",
"solar energy",
"fossil fuel",
"tidal energy"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
An engineer constructs a prototype from wood. Which of the following is the best tool for the engineer to use to make the prototype's surface smooth? | [
"band saw",
"chisel",
"drill",
"sandpaper"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
If left in the sunshine, water in an open jar will | [
"evaporate.",
"condense.",
"freeze.",
"melt."
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
In some locations, squirrels sleep for long periods of time during the winter months. Which of the following most likely causes these squirrels to sleep for long periods of time? | [
"increase in humidity",
"decrease in temperature",
"clouds forming in the sky",
"winds blowing in the night"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of the following helps the body to cool down? | [
"shivering",
"sweating",
"running a fever",
"taking deep breaths"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The brown fur of the arctic hare turns white in winter. How does this color change most likely help the arctic hare? | [
"It helps the animal save water.",
"It helps the animal hide from predators.",
"It helps keep the animal cool.",
"It helps protect the animal from disease."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A group of students found metamorphic rocks near a campsite. The presence of metamorphic rocks is most likely evidence of | [
"dinosaur activity",
"sediment deposition",
"high pressure",
"wind-borne sand"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
As water vapor condenses into liquid, which of the following can be formed? | [
"ice",
"steam",
"frost",
"clouds"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these particles, when found in soil, contributes most to the water retention in soil? | [
"gravel",
"sand",
"silt",
"clay"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of the following forms of energy is released or absorbed in most chemical reactions? | [
"light energy",
"electrical energy",
"sound energy",
"heat energy"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these must occur for sediments to form new rock? | [
"precipitation",
"evaporation",
"partial melting",
"recrystallization"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student wants to find the most accurate account of a scientific discovery that took place within the past three months. In which of these sources should the student look? | [
"newspapers",
"magazines",
"science textbooks",
"science journals"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
What is taken in by the leaves of a tree so it can make its own food? | [
"oxygen",
"sugar",
"sunlight",
"water"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Radio signal interruption sometimes causes a humming or buzzing sound. These sounds are most likely caused by | [
"balanced forces.",
"longitudinal waves.",
"gravitational forces.",
"electromagnetic waves."
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Students planned an investigation that included adding a quantity of vinegar to a small amount of baking soda. Which is the best tool to measure the volume of the liquid vinegar used in the investigation? | [
"pan balance",
"spring scale",
"meter stick",
"graduated cylinder"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Garrett collected some large rocks from a stream near his home. He measured the rocks on a balance. When he records the mass of the rocks, which units should Garrett use? | [
"pounds",
"kilograms",
"fluid ounces",
"cubic centimeters"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of the statements is the most accurate in describing the chemical equation shown below? 2H_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g) -> 2H_{2}O(g) + energy | [
"A solid is produced.",
"Energy is released.",
"Energy is absorbed.",
"Equal numbers of molecules are on both sides of the arrow."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A female dog is having puppies. She has black fur, brown eyes, and a curly tail. She can sit, bark, and roll over on command. Which set of traits can the female dog's puppies inherit? | [
"brown eyes, black fur",
"fur, roll over on command",
"brown eyes, sit on command",
"bark on command, curly tail"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Scientists estimate that Maryland contains more than 850 million tons of coal. Coal is most commonly used to produce ___. | [
"electricity",
"medicine",
"metals",
"water"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Large populations of tortoises inhabited the Galapagos Islands before humans. When humans settled on the islands and introduced goats, the number of tortoise declined. What is most likely the explanation for the decrease in the tortoise population? | [
"Goats consume tortoise hatchlings.",
"Goats pollute water sources.",
"Goats compete with tortoises for vegetation.",
"Goats contribute to soil erosion."
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Hereditary information is transmitted from parents to offspring through | [
"cell division.",
"genes.",
"germination.",
"metamorphosis."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which device converts kinetic energy into electrical energy? | [
"calculator",
"generator",
"electric motor",
"electromagnet"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which behavior is a learned behavior? | [
"eating with a fork",
"shivering when it is cold",
"squinting your eyes in bright light",
"developing a fever when you are sick"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The distance between the Sun and the next closest star, Proxima Centauri, is most accurately measured in | [
"magnitudes.",
"light years.",
"perigees.",
"red shifts."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which of these uses sound waves to locate underwater objects? | [
"radar",
"sonar",
"telescope",
"microscope"
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Paleontologists are scientists who study evidence of past life on Earth. Which method do paleontologists most likely use to determine the forms of life that existed millions of years ago? | [
"examine current species of plants and animals",
"research past species in the library",
"interview older scientists",
"examine fossils records"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
The temperature in a hot star is high enough to pull electrons away from atoms. What state of matter results from this process? | [
"gas",
"solid",
"liquid",
"plasma"
] | D | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Which resource, abundant in Nevada, is nonrenewable? | [
"copper",
"wind",
"sunlight",
"wood"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
A student reaches one hand into a bag filled with smooth objects. The student feels the objects but does not look into the bag. Which property of the objects can the student most likely identify? | [
"shape",
"color",
"ability to reflect light",
"ability to conduct electricity"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
An abiotic factor that most influences the organisms living in a salt marsh is | [
"fish.",
"water.",
"predators.",
"grasses."
] | B | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
When oil is burning, the reaction will | [
"only release energy",
"only absorb energy",
"neither absorb nor release energy",
"sometimes release and sometimes absorb energy depending on the oil"
] | A | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Fourth graders are planning a roller-skate race. Which surface would be the best for this race? | [
"gravel",
"sand",
"blacktop",
"grass"
] | C | train | null | ai2_arc_ARC-Easy |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.