Wfiles/arc_easy · Datasets at Hugging Face

question stringlengths 17 586	choices listlengths 4 4	answer stringclasses 4 values	split stringclasses 1 value	rationale null	source_dataset stringclasses 1 value
A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?	[ "the size of the fox's ears", "the conditions of the fox's habitat", "the average number of fox offspring", "the social behaviors within the fox population" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of	[ "a chemical reaction", "a physical change", "photosynthesis", "evaporation" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which part of a plant produces the seeds?	[ "flower", "leaves", "stem", "roots" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of the following is found in all living organisms?	[ "cell", "organ", "organ system", "tissue" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?	[ "They consume other organisms.", "They break down dead organic matter.", "They use the Sun's energy to make food.", "They convert inorganic matter into organic matter." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by	[ "claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.", "inventing, then improving, the telescope.", "writing the theory of the infinite universe.", "showing planetary orbits are elliptical." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?	[ "radio waves", "visible light", "microwaves", "X-rays" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?	[ "brain", "spinal cord", "ganglion", "neuron" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?	[ "All of the mixture will evaporate.", "The salt will keep the water from evaporating.", "The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.", "Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?	[ "using a paper filtering system", "using chromatography", "allowing the salt to settle", "allowing the water to evaporate" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?	[ "Shake the boxes.", "Smell the boxes.", "Listen to the boxes.", "Weigh the boxes." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?	[ "conducts heat, magnetic, solid", "conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts", "conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic", "dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which item would a magnet attract?	[ "iron nail", "wool cloth", "wooden stick", "glass marble" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which human activity is most harmful to the natural environment?	[ "swimming in a lake", "riding a bicycle", "cutting down a rain forest", "using solar energy" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion, proteins undergo	[ "cell division.", "nuclear reactions.", "natural selection.", "chemical changes." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as	[ "a tissue.", "an organ.", "a system.", "an organism." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What should a student do when a glass beaker shatters during a laboratory experiment?	[ "Notify the teacher.", "Sweep the pieces into a pile.", "Pick up the pieces and throw them away.", "Leave it until the experiment is complete." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
An astronomical unit (AU) refers to the distance between	[ "Earth and the Sun.", "the Moon and the Sun.", "Earth and the Moon.", "the Sun and the nearest star." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
An organ pipe produces a musical note same number of nitrogen gas molecules. with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s?	[ "85.7 Hz", "128 Hz", "260 Hz", "466 Hz" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of the following allows the planets to stay in orbit?	[ "the Moon's gravity", "the Sun's gravity", "magnetism", "rotation" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these involves the formation of a new chemical substance?	[ "evaporation of gasoline", "mixing salt and pepper", "dissolving sugar in tea", "rusting of an iron chain" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Water causes weathering when it	[ "melts rock.", "forms deltas.", "erodes rock in its path.", "moves rock along a fault." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these statements about nonrenewable resources is true?	[ "They are inexpensive.", "They help keep the air clean.", "They can take millions of years to form.", "They are used because they are easily removed from the ground." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which statement best identifies a living thing that depends on another living thing to survive?	[ "A wolf drinks water.", "A moose eats a plant.", "A spruce tree grows in soil.", "A salmonberry plant absorbs sunlight." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student is playing with a small toy boat on a pond. The student throws a rock in the pond. This creates waves that move the boat toward the shore. The boat moves toward the shore because the waves transfer	[ "energy.", "heat.", "motion.", "water." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A geologist finds a layer of shale near the surface from a certain time period. Nearby, the geologist finds the same layer of shale, but it is deeper underground than the first layer. What might have caused the difference in the depth of the shale layer?	[ "a meteorite", "a fault", "ancient fossils", "animal life" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The pull of gravity on Earth is caused by	[ "air pressure.", "the mass of Earth.", "volcanoes erupting.", "Earth's orbit around the Sun." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In which type of rock are fossils generally found?	[ "igneous", "metamorphic", "sedimentary", "volcanic" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Structural geologists study rock formations to determine the type of environment in which the rocks formed and the events that shaped the rocks. Paleontologists study fossils found in rock formations. Scientists in both these fields have a common interest in discovering the	[ "history and processes of Earth.", "elements that make up the crust.", "types of minerals that make up sediments.", "relationships between Earth and other planets." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A simple machine that helps move a flag up a flagpole is	[ "a bar magnet", "an inclined plane", "a pulley", "a lever" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which cellular structure allows nutrients to pass into cells?	[ "mitochondrion", "nucleus", "membrane", "chloroplast" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
An example of a renewable resource is	[ "oil.", "coal.", "wood.", "natural gas." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Minerals are formed by which process?	[ "magma cooling", "fault lines moving", "metamorphosis", "sedimentation" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these best defines the term "pollutant"?	[ "anything humans add to the atmosphere and oceans", "any substance that is harmful to the environment", "any substance that is a waste product of industry", "a substance that does not break down over time" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The periodic table of the elements is systematically organized according to the	[ "rate at which the elements chemically react.", "hardness of the elements.", "structure of the atoms of the elements.", "radioactivity of the atoms of the elements." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which human body system produces the hormones that regulate growth?	[ "skeletal", "digestive", "circulatory", "endocrine" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Repeated exposure to extremely loud sounds can reduce hearing ability by direct damage to which structures?	[ "the sensory neurons in the ears", "interneurons between the ears and the brain", "the sound-processing center in the brain", "motor neurons applying commands from the brain to the ears" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What does a mirror do to light that causes objects to appear backwards?	[ "refracts", "reflects", "absorbs", "blocks" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The formation of the mineral halite is most likely to occur by which process?	[ "the evaporation of seawater", "the hardening of lava in seawater", "the cementing together of sediment particles", "the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student wants to design an experiment regarding the behavior of crickets. Which is the best question to ask to begin the experiment?	[ "Do crickets have 6 legs or 8 legs?", "How long are the antennae of a cricket?", "Do crickets chirp more during the day or at night?", "What is the most common cricket species?" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Decomposers are organisms that eat and break down dead plant and animal material. Which organism is a decomposer?	[ "algae", "moss", "bacteria", "fish" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
An area received six inches of snow during the winter. Before the snow can continue through the water cycle as ground water or runoff, it must first ___.	[ "condense", "evaporate", "freeze", "melt" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
New vaccines for diseases are being developed all the time. How do vaccines most likely help people?	[ "Vaccines help prevent illnesses.", "Vaccines keep the environment cleaner.", "Vaccines help cure people who are sick.", "Vaccines kill bacteria that cause infections." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The cell cycle describes the processes that take place as a cell	[ "absorbs nutrients.", "makes proteins.", "repairs old cells.", "forms new cells." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A company that makes fences started using a new material instead of wood. The new material will last longer than wood. What is the most likely benefit of the new material?	[ "The new material will keep people safe.", "The new material will keep pets contained.", "The new material can make a yard attractive.", "The new material can save money on replacements." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which best explains how the Appalachian Mountains formed?	[ "an ancient river flooded", "an earthquake folded land", "tectonic plates pulled apart", "tectonic plates collided" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which is a source of sound?	[ "thermal energy", "potential energy", "a vibration", "a medium" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which natural material is best for making a table?	[ "cotton that is lightweight", "leather that can twist", "paper that can tear", "wood that is sturdy" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A class is studying textures and collects several samples. Which of these items would the students most likely use magnification to study?	[ "hair", "cheese", "plastic spoon", "aluminum foil" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Over several years, a scientist successfully isolates a species of flower for white color. This year, when the new generation of flowers blooms, one yellow flower is found in the population. Which is the best reason for the appearance of a new flower color within the species?	[ "adaptation", "replication", "genetic mutation", "homologous recombination" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall?	[ "hail", "frost", "sleet", "snow" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In the atomic model that includes a nucleus, the positive charge is	[ "spread evenly throughout the model.", "located at multiple sites in the model.", "concentrated in the center of the model.", "positioned outside the center of the model." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student used two long wires to connect a lightbulb to a battery. The student noticed that as soon as the circuit was complete, a nearby compass started to point in a direction other than north. The compass pointed in a different direction because it was reacting to the	[ "heat produced by the lightbulb.", "light produced by the lightbulb.", "electric field produced by the battery.", "magnetic field produced by the electric current." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The production of sweat is typically a response to an increase in the body's	[ "blood circulation.", "temperature.", "respiration.", "heart rate." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of the following converts electrical energy into motion?	[ "light switch", "electric stove", "light bulb", "electric fan" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What happens at the boiling point of a substance?	[ "liquid becomes a gas", "solid becomes a gas", "liquid becomes a solid", "solid becomes a liquid" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
How do producers get energy?	[ "eating plants and seeds", "eating other animals", "breaking down organisms through decay", "using the sun to make food" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In an investigation, a student wants to see how a ball is affected by rolling it over a surface covered with sandpaper. In preparation for the trial, the student makes a list of the possible conditions that could affect the investigation. The student is most likely listing the	[ "constants.", "variables.", "controls.", "trials." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
If two organisms are classified in different orders but are in the same class, which of these statements is true?	[ "The organisms have the same genus.", "The organisms are in the same phylum.", "The organisms are in different kingdoms.", "The organisms are members of the same species." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Why do mountain climbers at high elevations use oxygen tanks to help them breathe?	[ "At high elevations the ozone layer draws oxygen out of the atmosphere.", "The atmosphere is less dense at higher elevations so there is less oxygen available.", "Oxygen is heavier than the other gases in the atmosphere and sinks to lower elevations.", "Radiation from the Sun splits oxygen molecules into atoms making the oxygen unbreathable." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The students were told that the net applied force from the engine was the same for each vehicle tested. Based on this information, which vehicle had the greatest acceleration (a = F/m)?	[ "vehicle 1", "vehicle 2", "vehicle 3", "vehicle 4" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which metric unit is used to describe an object's length?	[ "gram (g)", "milliliter (mL)", "centimeter (cm)", "degree Celsius (°C)" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which is a process that occurs during photosynthesis?	[ "Plants take in oxygen and release sugar.", "Plants take in sugar and release minerals.", "Plants take in minerals and release carbon dioxide.", "Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The work of which scientist serves as the basis for many procedures used in agriculture, such as selective breeding of plants?	[ "Darwin", "Mendel", "Einstein", "Pasteur" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student is investigating which type of soil is best for growing tomato plants from seeds. The student plants four tomato seeds in each of three different containers of soil. Which step of the procedure would help the student get the most reliable results?	[ "Place one container in a dark room.", "Use different types of tomato seeds.", "Change only the soil type in each container.", "Water each container with a different amount of water." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
In many caves, rock formations include stalactites and stalagmites. Where does the rock in these formations come from?	[ "magma", "rainwater", "dissolved minerals", "decaying organic matter" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A person named Leonardo da Vinci studied many things including animals, geology, clouds, and flight. His study of birds helped him design the first parachute. Everything he saw made him ask how and why. Which human quality most likely made this person want to study many different things?	[ "duty", "wisdom", "kindness", "curiosity" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What is the main reason we can see the Moon?	[ "The Moon reflects light from the Earth.", "The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.", "The Moon produces its own light.", "The Moon is larger than stars." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which of these events have the most influence on regional climate?	[ "frequent tornadoes", "ocean trade winds", "winter snowstorms", "temperature inversions" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
If a scientist wants the medical community to revise old information and use new research findings in the treatment of a disease, it would be best to present the information	[ "at a school science fair.", "in a newspaper article.", "at a physicians' conference.", "in a television commercial." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
David planted ten corn seeds in sandy soil and ten corn seeds in clay soil. He kept both groups of plants at room temperature, gave them the same amount of water, and placed them all in the same sunny room. Which of the following questions is David most able to answer with his experiment?	[ "How much soil and water do corn seeds need to grow?", "Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil?", "Do corn plants grown in sandy soil need more water than corn plants grown in clay soil?", "What are the effects of soil, temperature, water, and sunshine on the growth of corn plants?" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which geologic feature most likely forms when an oceanic tectonic plate is slowly subducted beneath a continental tectonic plate?	[ "ocean trench", "mid-ocean ridge", "continental hot spot", "continental rift valley" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A glacier retreats leaving bare rocks. Lichens begin to live on the rocks. The lichens produce an acid that starts to break down the rocks. How will this process affect the environment?	[ "It will put acid into the lakes and ponds.", "It will begin the process of building soil.", "It will prevent the carbon cycle from occurring.", "It will prevent bacteria from invading the ecosystem." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
During protein synthesis, mRNA is translated into three-base sequences representing amino acids. What signals the ribosome to begin translating the mRNA into a new amino acid sequence?	[ "a codon", "enzymes", "a mutation", "temperature" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Phobos is one of two large objects that orbit the planet Mars. Because Phobos orbits Mars, Phobos should be classified as which type of body?	[ "asteroid", "moon", "comet", "meteor" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is evaporating very slowly. What could be done to the water to make it evaporate more quickly?	[ "Cover it.", "Heat it.", "Place it in the dark.", "Put salt in it." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which rapid changes are caused by heat from inside Earth?	[ "landslides", "volcanoes", "avalanches", "floods" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which tool is most responsible for preventing future pandemics of smallpox?	[ "worldwide vaccination for smallpox", "global education about smallpox", "better worldwide urban sanitation", "improved global quarantine facilities" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
After which event will ecological succession most likely happen?	[ "a forest fire", "a thunderstorm", "a high tide", "a lunar eclipse" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Sir Isaac Newton determined that white light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow. What did he use to discover this phenomenon?	[ "a prism", "a telescope", "a microscope", "a magnifying glass" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which characteristic is most common among animals living in a cold climate?	[ "layers of fat", "thick bones", "slow digestion", "large lungs" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Species are classified based on their characteristics. Which characteristic identifies two organisms as members of one species? The organisms	[ "can produce fertile offspring.", "can communicate easily.", "will defend their territory.", "will move from place to place." ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student hypothesizes that the amount of water a plant receives will affect how long it grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need	[ "several digital scales.", "a wet paper towel.", "several identical plant seeds.", "different sizes of containers." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
One example of matter is	[ "sound", "light", "heat", "water" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
If a classroom experiment involves the use of several unidentified chemical solutions, which factor would be most important in maintaining safety during the experiment?	[ "The classroom would be fairly cold.", "The classroom would have poor lighting.", "The classroom would have good ventilation.", "The classroom would have carpet on the floors." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Vein deposits of gold and silver are often formed in areas that have experienced which geologic process?	[ "igneous intrusion", "transport by water", "chemical weathering", "compaction by pressure" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Cells that conduct messages are known as	[ "skin cells", "nerve cells", "blood cells", "kidney cells" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The boiling of water results in a physical change in matter from	[ "solid to liquid.", "gas to solid.", "solid to gas.", "liquid to gas." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
What do playing a guitar, banging a drum, and dropping a pebble in the water have in common?	[ "They all produce light.", "They all cause vibrations.", "They all convert heat to energy.", "They all need gravity to move." ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
At room temperature, what state of matter is copper?	[ "gas", "solid", "liquid", "plasma" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
All of the following events occur during prophase in mitosis except	[ "pairing of chromosomes.", "spindle formation.", "crossing over.", "condensation of DNA." ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A seed of a plant sticks to the fur of an animal as it walks by. How has the animal most likely helped the plant?	[ "by spreading the seed", "by sprouting the plant", "by scattering the pollen", "by fertilizing the ground" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which part of a plant is used to absorb sunlight during photosynthesis?	[ "leaf", "root", "seed", "flower" ]	A	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
You wish to closely observe a small insect. Which tool is the best to use?	[ "a balance", "a test tube", "a telescope", "a magnifying glass" ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?	[ "circulatory", "excretory", "nervous", "respiratory" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
A student flips a coin four times. It lands "heads" up three times. The student concludes that the coin will land "heads" up three times out of four. What will make the conclusion more accurate?	[ "substituting a different coin", "flipping the coin twenty more times", "taping a weight to one side of the coin", "flipping the coin over a smoother surface" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which mineral has six-sided transparent crystals that will scratch glass?	[ "sulfur", "quartz", "calcite", "feldspar" ]	B	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which best describes a proton?	[ "negatively charged and has a negligible mass", "negatively charged and part of the nucleus", "positively charged and part of the nucleus", "negatively charged and orbits the nucleus" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
The difference between the atomic number of an element and the element's atomic mass is the number of	[ "ions.", "protons.", "electrons.", "neutrons." ]	D	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy
Which step will most likely ensure that the results of an investigation are valid?	[ "using a computer to graph results", "verifying that results match the original hypothesis", "comparing the results with those of other scientists", "eliminating any results that appear to be abnormal" ]	C	train	null	ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A baby kit fox grows to become an adult with a mass of over 3.5 kg. What factor will have the greatest influence on this kit fox's survival?

[ "the size of the fox's ears", "the conditions of the fox's habitat", "the average number of fox offspring", "the social behaviors within the fox population" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of

[ "a chemical reaction", "a physical change", "photosynthesis", "evaporation" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which part of a plant produces the seeds?

[ "flower", "leaves", "stem", "roots" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of the following is found in all living organisms?

[ "cell", "organ", "organ system", "tissue" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What is the role of decomposers in a food chain?

[ "They consume other organisms.", "They break down dead organic matter.", "They use the Sun's energy to make food.", "They convert inorganic matter into organic matter." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Copernicus changed the way people viewed the solar system by

[ "claiming Earth is in orbit about the Sun.", "inventing, then improving, the telescope.", "writing the theory of the infinite universe.", "showing planetary orbits are elliptical." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans sense without using equipment or technology?

[ "radio waves", "visible light", "microwaves", "X-rays" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The nervous system is composed of cells, tissues, and organs. Which is a cell of the nervous system?

[ "brain", "spinal cord", "ganglion", "neuron" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A shallow container of salt water is placed in sunlight for a day. Which is the most likely result?

[ "All of the mixture will evaporate.", "The salt will keep the water from evaporating.", "The salt will separate from the water and float at the top of the container.", "Only the water will evaporate and the salt will remain in the container." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these will best separate a saltwater solution?

[ "using a paper filtering system", "using chromatography", "allowing the salt to settle", "allowing the water to evaporate" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Mrs. Henderson's class has five small, covered boxes. One contains perfume; another contains dried onions. There is also a box of pine needles, a box of lemon pieces, and a box with a paper towel wet with vanilla flavoring. Which should they do to get the best information about what is in each box?

[ "Shake the boxes.", "Smell the boxes.", "Listen to the boxes.", "Weigh the boxes." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which features are physical properties of an iron nail?

[ "conducts heat, magnetic, solid", "conducts electricity, magnetic, rusts", "conducts sound, insulates, non-magnetic", "dissolves, conducts heat, non-magnetic" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which item would a magnet attract?

[ "iron nail", "wool cloth", "wooden stick", "glass marble" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which human activity is most harmful to the natural environment?

[ "swimming in a lake", "riding a bicycle", "cutting down a rain forest", "using solar energy" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion, proteins undergo

[ "cell division.", "nuclear reactions.", "natural selection.", "chemical changes." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as

[ "a tissue.", "an organ.", "a system.", "an organism." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What should a student do when a glass beaker shatters during a laboratory experiment?

[ "Notify the teacher.", "Sweep the pieces into a pile.", "Pick up the pieces and throw them away.", "Leave it until the experiment is complete." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

An astronomical unit (AU) refers to the distance between

[ "Earth and the Sun.", "the Moon and the Sun.", "Earth and the Moon.", "the Sun and the nearest star." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

An organ pipe produces a musical note same number of nitrogen gas molecules. with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s?

[ "85.7 Hz", "128 Hz", "260 Hz", "466 Hz" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of the following allows the planets to stay in orbit?

[ "the Moon's gravity", "the Sun's gravity", "magnetism", "rotation" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these involves the formation of a new chemical substance?

[ "evaporation of gasoline", "mixing salt and pepper", "dissolving sugar in tea", "rusting of an iron chain" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Water causes weathering when it

[ "melts rock.", "forms deltas.", "erodes rock in its path.", "moves rock along a fault." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these statements about nonrenewable resources is true?

[ "They are inexpensive.", "They help keep the air clean.", "They can take millions of years to form.", "They are used because they are easily removed from the ground." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which statement best identifies a living thing that depends on another living thing to survive?

[ "A wolf drinks water.", "A moose eats a plant.", "A spruce tree grows in soil.", "A salmonberry plant absorbs sunlight." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student is playing with a small toy boat on a pond. The student throws a rock in the pond. This creates waves that move the boat toward the shore. The boat moves toward the shore because the waves transfer

[ "energy.", "heat.", "motion.", "water." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A geologist finds a layer of shale near the surface from a certain time period. Nearby, the geologist finds the same layer of shale, but it is deeper underground than the first layer. What might have caused the difference in the depth of the shale layer?

[ "a meteorite", "a fault", "ancient fossils", "animal life" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The pull of gravity on Earth is caused by

[ "air pressure.", "the mass of Earth.", "volcanoes erupting.", "Earth's orbit around the Sun." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In which type of rock are fossils generally found?

[ "igneous", "metamorphic", "sedimentary", "volcanic" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Structural geologists study rock formations to determine the type of environment in which the rocks formed and the events that shaped the rocks. Paleontologists study fossils found in rock formations. Scientists in both these fields have a common interest in discovering the

[ "history and processes of Earth.", "elements that make up the crust.", "types of minerals that make up sediments.", "relationships between Earth and other planets." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A simple machine that helps move a flag up a flagpole is

[ "a bar magnet", "an inclined plane", "a pulley", "a lever" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which cellular structure allows nutrients to pass into cells?

[ "mitochondrion", "nucleus", "membrane", "chloroplast" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

An example of a renewable resource is

[ "oil.", "coal.", "wood.", "natural gas." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Minerals are formed by which process?

[ "magma cooling", "fault lines moving", "metamorphosis", "sedimentation" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these best defines the term "pollutant"?

[ "anything humans add to the atmosphere and oceans", "any substance that is harmful to the environment", "any substance that is a waste product of industry", "a substance that does not break down over time" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The periodic table of the elements is systematically organized according to the

[ "rate at which the elements chemically react.", "hardness of the elements.", "structure of the atoms of the elements.", "radioactivity of the atoms of the elements." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which human body system produces the hormones that regulate growth?

[ "skeletal", "digestive", "circulatory", "endocrine" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Repeated exposure to extremely loud sounds can reduce hearing ability by direct damage to which structures?

[ "the sensory neurons in the ears", "interneurons between the ears and the brain", "the sound-processing center in the brain", "motor neurons applying commands from the brain to the ears" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What does a mirror do to light that causes objects to appear backwards?

[ "refracts", "reflects", "absorbs", "blocks" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The formation of the mineral halite is most likely to occur by which process?

[ "the evaporation of seawater", "the hardening of lava in seawater", "the cementing together of sediment particles", "the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student wants to design an experiment regarding the behavior of crickets. Which is the best question to ask to begin the experiment?

[ "Do crickets have 6 legs or 8 legs?", "How long are the antennae of a cricket?", "Do crickets chirp more during the day or at night?", "What is the most common cricket species?" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Decomposers are organisms that eat and break down dead plant and animal material. Which organism is a decomposer?

[ "algae", "moss", "bacteria", "fish" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

An area received six inches of snow during the winter. Before the snow can continue through the water cycle as ground water or runoff, it must first ___.

[ "condense", "evaporate", "freeze", "melt" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

New vaccines for diseases are being developed all the time. How do vaccines most likely help people?

[ "Vaccines help prevent illnesses.", "Vaccines keep the environment cleaner.", "Vaccines help cure people who are sick.", "Vaccines kill bacteria that cause infections." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The cell cycle describes the processes that take place as a cell

[ "absorbs nutrients.", "makes proteins.", "repairs old cells.", "forms new cells." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A company that makes fences started using a new material instead of wood. The new material will last longer than wood. What is the most likely benefit of the new material?

[ "The new material will keep people safe.", "The new material will keep pets contained.", "The new material can make a yard attractive.", "The new material can save money on replacements." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which best explains how the Appalachian Mountains formed?

[ "an ancient river flooded", "an earthquake folded land", "tectonic plates pulled apart", "tectonic plates collided" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which is a source of sound?

[ "thermal energy", "potential energy", "a vibration", "a medium" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which natural material is best for making a table?

[ "cotton that is lightweight", "leather that can twist", "paper that can tear", "wood that is sturdy" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A class is studying textures and collects several samples. Which of these items would the students most likely use magnification to study?

[ "hair", "cheese", "plastic spoon", "aluminum foil" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Over several years, a scientist successfully isolates a species of flower for white color. This year, when the new generation of flowers blooms, one yellow flower is found in the population. Which is the best reason for the appearance of a new flower color within the species?

[ "adaptation", "replication", "genetic mutation", "homologous recombination" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall?

[ "hail", "frost", "sleet", "snow" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In the atomic model that includes a nucleus, the positive charge is

[ "spread evenly throughout the model.", "located at multiple sites in the model.", "concentrated in the center of the model.", "positioned outside the center of the model." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student used two long wires to connect a lightbulb to a battery. The student noticed that as soon as the circuit was complete, a nearby compass started to point in a direction other than north. The compass pointed in a different direction because it was reacting to the

[ "heat produced by the lightbulb.", "light produced by the lightbulb.", "electric field produced by the battery.", "magnetic field produced by the electric current." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The production of sweat is typically a response to an increase in the body's

[ "blood circulation.", "temperature.", "respiration.", "heart rate." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of the following converts electrical energy into motion?

[ "light switch", "electric stove", "light bulb", "electric fan" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What happens at the boiling point of a substance?

[ "liquid becomes a gas", "solid becomes a gas", "liquid becomes a solid", "solid becomes a liquid" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

How do producers get energy?

[ "eating plants and seeds", "eating other animals", "breaking down organisms through decay", "using the sun to make food" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In an investigation, a student wants to see how a ball is affected by rolling it over a surface covered with sandpaper. In preparation for the trial, the student makes a list of the possible conditions that could affect the investigation. The student is most likely listing the

[ "constants.", "variables.", "controls.", "trials." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

If two organisms are classified in different orders but are in the same class, which of these statements is true?

[ "The organisms have the same genus.", "The organisms are in the same phylum.", "The organisms are in different kingdoms.", "The organisms are members of the same species." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Why do mountain climbers at high elevations use oxygen tanks to help them breathe?

[ "At high elevations the ozone layer draws oxygen out of the atmosphere.", "The atmosphere is less dense at higher elevations so there is less oxygen available.", "Oxygen is heavier than the other gases in the atmosphere and sinks to lower elevations.", "Radiation from the Sun splits oxygen molecules into atoms making the oxygen unbreathable." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The students were told that the net applied force from the engine was the same for each vehicle tested. Based on this information, which vehicle had the greatest acceleration (a = F/m)?

[ "vehicle 1", "vehicle 2", "vehicle 3", "vehicle 4" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which metric unit is used to describe an object's length?

[ "gram (g)", "milliliter (mL)", "centimeter (cm)", "degree Celsius (°C)" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which is a process that occurs during photosynthesis?

[ "Plants take in oxygen and release sugar.", "Plants take in sugar and release minerals.", "Plants take in minerals and release carbon dioxide.", "Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The work of which scientist serves as the basis for many procedures used in agriculture, such as selective breeding of plants?

[ "Darwin", "Mendel", "Einstein", "Pasteur" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student is investigating which type of soil is best for growing tomato plants from seeds. The student plants four tomato seeds in each of three different containers of soil. Which step of the procedure would help the student get the most reliable results?

[ "Place one container in a dark room.", "Use different types of tomato seeds.", "Change only the soil type in each container.", "Water each container with a different amount of water." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

In many caves, rock formations include stalactites and stalagmites. Where does the rock in these formations come from?

[ "magma", "rainwater", "dissolved minerals", "decaying organic matter" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A person named Leonardo da Vinci studied many things including animals, geology, clouds, and flight. His study of birds helped him design the first parachute. Everything he saw made him ask how and why. Which human quality most likely made this person want to study many different things?

[ "duty", "wisdom", "kindness", "curiosity" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What is the main reason we can see the Moon?

[ "The Moon reflects light from the Earth.", "The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.", "The Moon produces its own light.", "The Moon is larger than stars." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which of these events have the most influence on regional climate?

[ "frequent tornadoes", "ocean trade winds", "winter snowstorms", "temperature inversions" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

If a scientist wants the medical community to revise old information and use new research findings in the treatment of a disease, it would be best to present the information

[ "at a school science fair.", "in a newspaper article.", "at a physicians' conference.", "in a television commercial." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

David planted ten corn seeds in sandy soil and ten corn seeds in clay soil. He kept both groups of plants at room temperature, gave them the same amount of water, and placed them all in the same sunny room. Which of the following questions is David most able to answer with his experiment?

[ "How much soil and water do corn seeds need to grow?", "Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil?", "Do corn plants grown in sandy soil need more water than corn plants grown in clay soil?", "What are the effects of soil, temperature, water, and sunshine on the growth of corn plants?" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which geologic feature most likely forms when an oceanic tectonic plate is slowly subducted beneath a continental tectonic plate?

[ "ocean trench", "mid-ocean ridge", "continental hot spot", "continental rift valley" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A glacier retreats leaving bare rocks. Lichens begin to live on the rocks. The lichens produce an acid that starts to break down the rocks. How will this process affect the environment?

[ "It will put acid into the lakes and ponds.", "It will begin the process of building soil.", "It will prevent the carbon cycle from occurring.", "It will prevent bacteria from invading the ecosystem." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

During protein synthesis, mRNA is translated into three-base sequences representing amino acids. What signals the ribosome to begin translating the mRNA into a new amino acid sequence?

[ "a codon", "enzymes", "a mutation", "temperature" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Phobos is one of two large objects that orbit the planet Mars. Because Phobos orbits Mars, Phobos should be classified as which type of body?

[ "asteroid", "moon", "comet", "meteor" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is evaporating very slowly. What could be done to the water to make it evaporate more quickly?

[ "Cover it.", "Heat it.", "Place it in the dark.", "Put salt in it." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which rapid changes are caused by heat from inside Earth?

[ "landslides", "volcanoes", "avalanches", "floods" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which tool is most responsible for preventing future pandemics of smallpox?

[ "worldwide vaccination for smallpox", "global education about smallpox", "better worldwide urban sanitation", "improved global quarantine facilities" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

After which event will ecological succession most likely happen?

[ "a forest fire", "a thunderstorm", "a high tide", "a lunar eclipse" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Sir Isaac Newton determined that white light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow. What did he use to discover this phenomenon?

[ "a prism", "a telescope", "a microscope", "a magnifying glass" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which characteristic is most common among animals living in a cold climate?

[ "layers of fat", "thick bones", "slow digestion", "large lungs" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Species are classified based on their characteristics. Which characteristic identifies two organisms as members of one species? The organisms

[ "can produce fertile offspring.", "can communicate easily.", "will defend their territory.", "will move from place to place." ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student hypothesizes that the amount of water a plant receives will affect how long it grows before reaching maturity. To test this hypothesis, the student will need

[ "several digital scales.", "a wet paper towel.", "several identical plant seeds.", "different sizes of containers." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

One example of matter is

[ "sound", "light", "heat", "water" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

If a classroom experiment involves the use of several unidentified chemical solutions, which factor would be most important in maintaining safety during the experiment?

[ "The classroom would be fairly cold.", "The classroom would have poor lighting.", "The classroom would have good ventilation.", "The classroom would have carpet on the floors." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Vein deposits of gold and silver are often formed in areas that have experienced which geologic process?

[ "igneous intrusion", "transport by water", "chemical weathering", "compaction by pressure" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Cells that conduct messages are known as

[ "skin cells", "nerve cells", "blood cells", "kidney cells" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The boiling of water results in a physical change in matter from

[ "solid to liquid.", "gas to solid.", "solid to gas.", "liquid to gas." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

What do playing a guitar, banging a drum, and dropping a pebble in the water have in common?

[ "They all produce light.", "They all cause vibrations.", "They all convert heat to energy.", "They all need gravity to move." ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

At room temperature, what state of matter is copper?

[ "gas", "solid", "liquid", "plasma" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

All of the following events occur during prophase in mitosis except

[ "pairing of chromosomes.", "spindle formation.", "crossing over.", "condensation of DNA." ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A seed of a plant sticks to the fur of an animal as it walks by. How has the animal most likely helped the plant?

[ "by spreading the seed", "by sprouting the plant", "by scattering the pollen", "by fertilizing the ground" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which part of a plant is used to absorb sunlight during photosynthesis?

[ "leaf", "root", "seed", "flower" ]

A

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

You wish to closely observe a small insect. Which tool is the best to use?

[ "a balance", "a test tube", "a telescope", "a magnifying glass" ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?

[ "circulatory", "excretory", "nervous", "respiratory" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

A student flips a coin four times. It lands "heads" up three times. The student concludes that the coin will land "heads" up three times out of four. What will make the conclusion more accurate?

[ "substituting a different coin", "flipping the coin twenty more times", "taping a weight to one side of the coin", "flipping the coin over a smoother surface" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which mineral has six-sided transparent crystals that will scratch glass?

[ "sulfur", "quartz", "calcite", "feldspar" ]

B

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which best describes a proton?

[ "negatively charged and has a negligible mass", "negatively charged and part of the nucleus", "positively charged and part of the nucleus", "negatively charged and orbits the nucleus" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

The difference between the atomic number of an element and the element's atomic mass is the number of

[ "ions.", "protons.", "electrons.", "neutrons." ]

D

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy

Which step will most likely ensure that the results of an investigation are valid?

[ "using a computer to graph results", "verifying that results match the original hypothesis", "comparing the results with those of other scientists", "eliminating any results that appear to be abnormal" ]

C

train

null

ai2_arc_ARC-Easy