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"id": "12OmNBDyAb1",
"title": "2008 13th European Test Symposium",
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"doi": "10.1109/ETS.2008.34",
"title": "Bandwidth Analysis for Reusing Functional Interconnect as Test Access Mechanism",
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"abstract": "Test data travels through a System-on-Chip (SOC) from the chip pins to the module-under-test and vice versa via a Test Access Mechanism (TAM). Conventionally, a TAM is implemented with dedicated wires. However, also existing functional interconnect, such as a bus or Network-on-Chip (NOC), can be reused as TAM. This will reduce the overall design effort and the silicon area. For a given module, its test set, and maximal bandwidth that the functional interconnect can offer between ATE and module-under-test, our approach designs a test wrapper for the module-under-test such that the test length is minimized. Unfortunately, it is unavoidable that with the test data also unused (idle) bits are transported. This paper presents a TAM bandwidth utilization analysis and techniques for idle bits reduction, to minimize the test length. We classify the idle bits into four types which explain the reason for bandwidth under-utilization and pinpoint design improvement opportunities. Experimental results show an average bandwidth utilization of 80%, while the remaining 20% is consumed by the idle bits.",
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"content": "Test data travels through a System-on-Chip (SOC) from the chip pins to the module-under-test and vice versa via a Test Access Mechanism (TAM). Conventionally, a TAM is implemented with dedicated wires. However, also existing functional interconnect, such as a bus or Network-on-Chip (NOC), can be reused as TAM. This will reduce the overall design effort and the silicon area. For a given module, its test set, and maximal bandwidth that the functional interconnect can offer between ATE and module-under-test, our approach designs a test wrapper for the module-under-test such that the test length is minimized. Unfortunately, it is unavoidable that with the test data also unused (idle) bits are transported. This paper presents a TAM bandwidth utilization analysis and techniques for idle bits reduction, to minimize the test length. We classify the idle bits into four types which explain the reason for bandwidth under-utilization and pinpoint design improvement opportunities. Experimental results show an average bandwidth utilization of 80%, while the remaining 20% is consumed by the idle bits.",
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"Integrated Circuit Interconnections",
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"affiliation": "Dept. of Comput. Eng., Delft Univ. of Technol., Delft",
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"affiliation": "Dept. of Comput. Eng., Delft Univ. of Technol., Delft",
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"fullName": "Erik Jan Marinissen",
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"fullName": "Kees Goossens",
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"id": "proceedings/etw/2001/1016/0/10160124",
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"id": "proceedings/date/2006/1/1/01656892",
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"abstractUrl": "/proceedings-article/date/2006/01656892/12OmNqBtiHB",
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"id": "proceedings/date/2006/1/1",
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"id": "proceedings/date/2008/3/0/04484917",
"title": "Re-Examining the Use of Network-on-Chip as Test Access Mechanism",
"doi": null,
"abstractUrl": "/proceedings-article/date/2008/04484917/12OmNs4S8L1",
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{
"id": "proceedings/ats/2010/8841/0/05692251",
"title": "Accelerating Strategy for Functional Test of NoC Communication Fabric",
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"id": "proceedings/ats/2010/8841/0",
"title": "2010 19th IEEE Asian Test Symposium",
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"id": "proceedings/date/2003/1870/1/01253794",
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"title": "EDT channel bandwidth management in SoC designs with pattern-independent test access mechanism",
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"proceeding": {
"id": "12OmNAolGQt",
"title": "2010 19th IEEE Asian Test Symposium",
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"article": {
"id": "12OmNxA3Z5y",
"doi": "10.1109/ATS.2010.83",
"title": "Test Time Analysis for IEEE P1687",
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"abstract": "The IEEE P1687 (IJTAG) standard proposal aims at providing a standardized interface between on-chip embedded logic (instruments), such as scan-chains and temperature sensors, and the IEEE 1149.1 standard which provides test data transport and test protocol for board test. A key feature in P1687 is to include Select Instrument Bits (SIBs) in the scan path to allow flexibility in test architecture design and test scheduling. This paper presents algorithms to compute the test time in a P1687 context. The algorithms are based on analysis for flat and hierarchical test architectures, considering two test schedule types - concurrent and sequential test scheduling. Furthermore, two types of overhead are identified, i.e. control data overhead and JTAG protocol overhead. The algorithms are implemented and employed in experiments on realistic industrial designs.",
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{
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"content": "The IEEE P1687 (IJTAG) standard proposal aims at providing a standardized interface between on-chip embedded logic (instruments), such as scan-chains and temperature sensors, and the IEEE 1149.1 standard which provides test data transport and test protocol for board test. A key feature in P1687 is to include Select Instrument Bits (SIBs) in the scan path to allow flexibility in test architecture design and test scheduling. This paper presents algorithms to compute the test time in a P1687 context. The algorithms are based on analysis for flat and hierarchical test architectures, considering two test schedule types - concurrent and sequential test scheduling. Furthermore, two types of overhead are identified, i.e. control data overhead and JTAG protocol overhead. The algorithms are implemented and employed in experiments on realistic industrial designs.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "The IEEE P1687 (IJTAG) standard proposal aims at providing a standardized interface between on-chip embedded logic (instruments), such as scan-chains and temperature sensors, and the IEEE 1149.1 standard which provides test data transport and test protocol for board test. A key feature in P1687 is to include Select Instrument Bits (SIBs) in the scan path to allow flexibility in test architecture design and test scheduling. This paper presents algorithms to compute the test time in a P1687 context. The algorithms are based on analysis for flat and hierarchical test architectures, considering two test schedule types - concurrent and sequential test scheduling. Furthermore, two types of overhead are identified, i.e. control data overhead and JTAG protocol overhead. The algorithms are implemented and employed in experiments on realistic industrial designs.",
"fno": "05692288",
"keywords": [
"Design For Testability",
"Sequential Circuits",
"Telecommunication Standards",
"Test Equipment",
"Test Time Analysis",
"IEEE P 1687",
"On Chip Embedded Logic",
"IEEE 1149 1",
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"Test Protocol",
"Board Test",
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"IEEE P 1687 IJTAG",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Farrokh Ghani Zadegan",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Urban Ingelsson",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Gunnar Carlsson",
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"surname": "Carlsson",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Erik Larsson",
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"pubDate": "2010-12-01T00:00:00",
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"pages": "455-460",
"year": "2010",
"issn": "1081-7735",
"isbn": "978-1-4244-8841-4",
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"abstractUrl": "/proceedings-article/ats/2011/4583a525/12OmNBVIUA5",
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"id": "proceedings/ets/2006/2566/0",
"title": "Eleventh IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS'06)",
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"title": "Access Time Analysis for IEEE P1687",
"doi": null,
"abstractUrl": "/journal/tc/2012/10/ttc2012101459/13rRUwh80tY",
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"title": "IEEE Transactions on Computers",
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"proceeding": {
"id": "12OmNxETa78",
"title": "Design Automation Conference",
"acronym": "dac",
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"year": "2001",
"__typename": "ProceedingType"
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"article": {
"id": "12OmNyQ7FYQ",
"doi": "10.1109/DAC.2001.935532",
"title": "Min/Max On-Chip Inductance Models and Delay Metrics",
"normalizedTitle": "Min/Max On-Chip Inductance Models and Delay Metrics",
"abstract": "This paper proposes an analytical inductance extraction model for characterizing min/max values of typical on-chip global interconnect structures, and a corresponding delay metric that can be used to provide RLC delay prediction from physical geometries. The model extraction and analysis is efficient enough to be used within optimization and physical design exploration loops. The analytical min/max inductance approximations also provide insight into the effects caused by inductances.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "This paper proposes an analytical inductance extraction model for characterizing min/max values of typical on-chip global interconnect structures, and a corresponding delay metric that can be used to provide RLC delay prediction from physical geometries. The model extraction and analysis is efficient enough to be used within optimization and physical design exploration loops. The analytical min/max inductance approximations also provide insight into the effects caused by inductances.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "This paper proposes an analytical inductance extraction model for characterizing min/max values of typical on-chip global interconnect structures, and a corresponding delay metric that can be used to provide RLC delay prediction from physical geometries. The model extraction and analysis is efficient enough to be used within optimization and physical design exploration loops. The analytical min/max inductance approximations also provide insight into the effects caused by inductances.",
"fno": "24100341",
"keywords": [
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"Inductance",
"On Chip Interconnect Modeling",
"Physical Design",
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"affiliation": "Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA",
"fullName": "Lawrence T. Pileggi",
"givenName": "Lawrence T.",
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{
"affiliation": "Monterey Design Systems, Sunnyvale, CA",
"fullName": "Mustafa Celik",
"givenName": "Mustafa",
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{
"affiliation": "Monterey Design Systems, Sunnyvale, CA",
"fullName": "Tak Young",
"givenName": "Tak",
"surname": "Young",
"__typename": "ArticleAuthorType"
},
{
"affiliation": "Stanford University, CA",
"fullName": "Yi-Chang Lu",
"givenName": "Yi-Chang",
"surname": "Lu",
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"pubDate": "2001-06-01T00:00:00",
"pubType": "proceedings",
"pages": "341-346",
"year": "2001",
"issn": null,
"isbn": "1-58113-297-2",
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"title": "2010 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE 2010)",
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"title": "Supporting Distributed Shared Memory on multi-core Network-on-Chips using a dual microcoded controller",
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"abstract": "Supporting Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) is essential for multi-core Network-on-Chips for the sake of reusing huge amount of legacy code and easy programmability. We propose a microcoded controller as a hardware module in each node to connect the core, the local memory and the network. The controller is programmable where the DSM functions such as virtual-to-physical address translation, memory access and synchronization etc. are realized using microcode. To enable concurrent processing of memory requests from the local and remote cores, our controller features two mini-processors, one dealing with requests from the local core and the other from remote cores. Synthesis results suggest that the controller consumes 51k gates for the logic and can run up to 455 MHz in 130 nm technology. To evaluate its performance, we use synthetic and application workloads. Results show that, when the system size is scaled up, the delay overhead incurred by the controller may become less significant when compared with the network delay. In this way, the delay efficiency of our DSM solution is close to hardware solutions on average but still have all the flexibility of software solutions.",
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{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "Supporting Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) is essential for multi-core Network-on-Chips for the sake of reusing huge amount of legacy code and easy programmability. We propose a microcoded controller as a hardware module in each node to connect the core, the local memory and the network. The controller is programmable where the DSM functions such as virtual-to-physical address translation, memory access and synchronization etc. are realized using microcode. To enable concurrent processing of memory requests from the local and remote cores, our controller features two mini-processors, one dealing with requests from the local core and the other from remote cores. Synthesis results suggest that the controller consumes 51k gates for the logic and can run up to 455 MHz in 130 nm technology. To evaluate its performance, we use synthetic and application workloads. Results show that, when the system size is scaled up, the delay overhead incurred by the controller may become less significant when compared with the network delay. In this way, the delay efficiency of our DSM solution is close to hardware solutions on average but still have all the flexibility of software solutions.",
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"abstract": "While techniques that segment shapes into visually meaningful parts have generated impressive results, these techniques also have only focused on relatively simple shapes, such as those composed of a single object either without holes or with few simple holes. In many applications, shapes created from images can contain many overlapping objects and holes. These holes may come from sensor noise, may have important parts of the shape or may be arbitrarily complex. These complexities that appear in real-world 2D shapes can pose grand challenges to the existing part segmentation methods. In this paper, we propose a new decomposition method, called Dual-space Decomposition that handles complex 2D shapes by recognizing the importance of holes and classifying holes as either topological noise or structurally important features. Our method creates a nearly convex decomposition of a given shape by segmenting both the polygon itself and its complementary. We compare our results to segmentation produced by nonexpert human subjects. Based on two evaluation methods, we show that this new decomposition method creates statistically similar to those produced by human subjects.",
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"abstract": "Watermark resistance to geometric attacks is a crucial issue in watermark system design. Challenging cropping and recently reported random bending attacks (RBAs) are still the Achilles heel for most of the existing watermarking schemes. This paper presents a geometric attacks resistant zero-watermarking scheme for color images, which is based on one of the image geometric invariant representations—the mean-based 2D color histogram extracted from two different color components by reference to the mean value of the effective pixels of each component. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a satisfactory performance for various geometric attacks and common image processing operations, including affine transformations, cropping, RBAs, additive noise, filtering, JPEG compression, etc.",
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"abstract": "We present a method for fusing two acquisition modes, 2D photographs and 3D LiDAR scans, for depth-layer decomposition of urban facades. The two modes have complementary characteristics: point cloud scans are coherent and inherently 3D, but are often sparse, noisy, and incomplete; photographs, on the other hand, are of high resolution, easy to acquire, and dense, but view-dependent and inherently 2D, lacking critical depth information. In this paper we use photographs to enhance the acquired LiDAR data. Our key observation is that with an initial registration of the 2D and 3D datasets we can decompose the input photographs into rectified depth layers. We decompose the input photographs into rectangular planar fragments and diffuse depth information from the corresponding 3D scan onto the fragments by solving a multi-label assignment problem. Our layer decomposition enables accurate repetition detection in each planar layer, using which we propagate geometry, remove outliers and enhance the 3D scan. Finally, the algorithm produces an enhanced, layered, textured model. We evaluate our algorithm on complex multi-planar building facades, where direct autocorrelation methods for repetition detection fail. We demonstrate how 2D photographs help improve the 3D scans by exploiting data redundancy, and transferring high level structural information to (plausibly) complete large missing regions.",
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"content": "We present a method for fusing two acquisition modes, 2D photographs and 3D LiDAR scans, for depth-layer decomposition of urban facades. The two modes have complementary characteristics: point cloud scans are coherent and inherently 3D, but are often sparse, noisy, and incomplete; photographs, on the other hand, are of high resolution, easy to acquire, and dense, but view-dependent and inherently 2D, lacking critical depth information. In this paper we use photographs to enhance the acquired LiDAR data. Our key observation is that with an initial registration of the 2D and 3D datasets we can decompose the input photographs into rectified depth layers. We decompose the input photographs into rectangular planar fragments and diffuse depth information from the corresponding 3D scan onto the fragments by solving a multi-label assignment problem. Our layer decomposition enables accurate repetition detection in each planar layer, using which we propagate geometry, remove outliers and enhance the 3D scan. Finally, the algorithm produces an enhanced, layered, textured model. We evaluate our algorithm on complex multi-planar building facades, where direct autocorrelation methods for repetition detection fail. We demonstrate how 2D photographs help improve the 3D scans by exploiting data redundancy, and transferring high level structural information to (plausibly) complete large missing regions.",
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"abstract": "This paper deals with the construction of a non parametric multiscale analysis from a 1D parametric decomposition of shapes where the elements of the decomposition are geometric primitives. We focus on the case of linear structures in shapes but our construction readily extends to the case of any geometric primitives. One key point of the construction is that it is truly multiscale in the sense that a higher level is a sublevel of a lower one and that it preserves symmetries of shapes. We made some experiments to show the simplification it provides on classical shapes. Results are promising.",
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"title": "Study of Electrostatic Character in Aerostat's Combustion Chamber",
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"abstract": "Based on numeric simulation for two-dimension combustion turbulence in the combustion chamber, the concentration curve of soot carbon particle is acquired. Then by charging diagrammatic sketch in the combustion chamber, the charging mathematics models are set up. The simulation results show that the soot carbon particle is more important to electrostatic characteristic in the aerostat's combustion chamber.",
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"doi": "10.1109/ICCIS.2013.306",
"title": "Numerical Study of Effect of Compression Ratio on Controlled Auto-Ignition Combustion",
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"abstract": "This study analyzes Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI) combustion with numerical model which was mainly built by AVL-BOOST coupled with CHEMKIN. The prototype is a single-cylinder engine with Variable Compression Ratio (VCR). By utilizing in-cylinder exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) strategy for combustion control, effect of compression ratio (CR) on engine operating range, gas exchange process and combustion process was studied. A prediction of the effect was obtained and the reason was discussed in the paper. The conclusions of this work will be a guide for later engine experiments.",
"abstracts": [
{
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"content": "This study analyzes Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI) combustion with numerical model which was mainly built by AVL-BOOST coupled with CHEMKIN. The prototype is a single-cylinder engine with Variable Compression Ratio (VCR). By utilizing in-cylinder exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) strategy for combustion control, effect of compression ratio (CR) on engine operating range, gas exchange process and combustion process was studied. A prediction of the effect was obtained and the reason was discussed in the paper. The conclusions of this work will be a guide for later engine experiments.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "This study analyzes Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI) combustion with numerical model which was mainly built by AVL-BOOST coupled with CHEMKIN. The prototype is a single-cylinder engine with Variable Compression Ratio (VCR). By utilizing in-cylinder exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) strategy for combustion control, effect of compression ratio (CR) on engine operating range, gas exchange process and combustion process was studied. A prediction of the effect was obtained and the reason was discussed in the paper. The conclusions of this work will be a guide for later engine experiments.",
"fno": "5004b154",
"keywords": [
"Combustion",
"Computer Aided Instruction",
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"authors": [
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Mingfei Xiao",
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"fullName": "Jiansheng Lin",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Yusen Jin",
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"year": "2013",
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"proceeding": {
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"title": "Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation, International Conference on",
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"article": {
"id": "12OmNBr4eIa",
"doi": "10.1109/ICICTA.2008.342",
"title": "Study of Flame Propagation Model in the Combustion Process of an Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Engine",
"normalizedTitle": "Study of Flame Propagation Model in the Combustion Process of an Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Engine",
"abstract": "In order to study the flame propagation progress in oxygen-enriched combustion engine, a quasidimensional model of oxygen-enriched combustion engine has been propossed in the paper, and a simplified model of flame propagation, based on the laminar flamelet approach, has been developed too. The model is evaluated against detailed measurements in a two-dimensional laminar propagation flame on a spark-ignition four-stroke motorcycle engine. Experimental investigation was carried out to varidate the model. Results show that the quasidimensional model and flame propagation model can simulate oxygen-enriched combustion process in engine well. The cylinder pressure variation with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration was shown, the torque of experimental and simulation was contrasted with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration too, results show that as the oxygen concentration in the intake air is increased, the maximum value of cylinder pressure is increased, and the time that the maximum value of pressure is reached is advanced, the torque of engine can be enhanced in oxygen-enriched combustion engine.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "In order to study the flame propagation progress in oxygen-enriched combustion engine, a quasidimensional model of oxygen-enriched combustion engine has been propossed in the paper, and a simplified model of flame propagation, based on the laminar flamelet approach, has been developed too. The model is evaluated against detailed measurements in a two-dimensional laminar propagation flame on a spark-ignition four-stroke motorcycle engine. Experimental investigation was carried out to varidate the model. Results show that the quasidimensional model and flame propagation model can simulate oxygen-enriched combustion process in engine well. The cylinder pressure variation with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration was shown, the torque of experimental and simulation was contrasted with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration too, results show that as the oxygen concentration in the intake air is increased, the maximum value of cylinder pressure is increased, and the time that the maximum value of pressure is reached is advanced, the torque of engine can be enhanced in oxygen-enriched combustion engine.",
"__typename": "ArticleAbstractType"
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],
"normalizedAbstract": "In order to study the flame propagation progress in oxygen-enriched combustion engine, a quasidimensional model of oxygen-enriched combustion engine has been propossed in the paper, and a simplified model of flame propagation, based on the laminar flamelet approach, has been developed too. The model is evaluated against detailed measurements in a two-dimensional laminar propagation flame on a spark-ignition four-stroke motorcycle engine. Experimental investigation was carried out to varidate the model. Results show that the quasidimensional model and flame propagation model can simulate oxygen-enriched combustion process in engine well. The cylinder pressure variation with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration was shown, the torque of experimental and simulation was contrasted with 21% and 24% oxygen concentration too, results show that as the oxygen concentration in the intake air is increased, the maximum value of cylinder pressure is increased, and the time that the maximum value of pressure is reached is advanced, the torque of engine can be enhanced in oxygen-enriched combustion engine.",
"fno": "3357a713",
"keywords": [
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"Flames",
"Internal Combustion Engines",
"Laminar Flow",
"Motorcycles",
"Oxygen",
"Flame Propagation Model",
"Combustion Process",
"Oxygen Enriched Combustion Engine",
"Laminar Flamelet Approach",
"Two Dimensional Laminar Propagation Flame",
"Spark Ignition Four Stroke Motorcycle Engine",
"Cylinder Pressure Variation",
"Combustion",
"Fires",
"Engine Cylinders",
"Fuels",
"Petroleum",
"Torque",
"Predictive Models",
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"Plugs",
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"authors": [
{
"affiliation": "Traffic Coll., Northeast Forest Univ., Harbin",
"fullName": "Shengqin Li",
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"affiliation": "Traffic Coll., Northeast Forest Univ., Harbin",
"fullName": "Qiang Guan",
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"affiliation": "Traffic Coll., Northeast Forest Univ., Harbin",
"fullName": "Wenhui Zhang",
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"title": "The Study on Combustion Kinetics Characteristic of Biology-molding Fuel",
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"abstract": "Thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis was used to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biology-molding fuel (corn straw and bean straw) at different heating rates in a stream of N2. We determine the kinetic parameters including reaction order, frequency factor and activation energies of straw that guided design for combustion boiler using biology-molding fuel.",
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"content": "Thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis was used to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biology-molding fuel (corn straw and bean straw) at different heating rates in a stream of N2. We determine the kinetic parameters including reaction order, frequency factor and activation energies of straw that guided design for combustion boiler using biology-molding fuel.",
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"title": "26th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference",
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"doi": "10.1145/74382.74420",
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"abstract": "The set of multivariate boolean functions over the variables x/sub 1/, ..., x/sub m/ is considered as the set of multilinear polynomials with coefficients in [0,1] over the literals {unkeyable}. We denote this set of polynomials as [unkeyable], and call the set of polynomial operations over them algebraic operations. It is shown that these polynomials, called logic expressions, have a unique algebraic prime factorization. An O(n log /sup 2/ n) algorithm to find this factorization is presented. An improvement to the algorithm is presented which may reduce its average-case complexity to O(n).",
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"content": "The set of multivariate boolean functions over the variables x/sub 1/, ..., x/sub m/ is considered as the set of multilinear polynomials with coefficients in [0,1] over the literals {unkeyable}. We denote this set of polynomials as [unkeyable], and call the set of polynomial operations over them algebraic operations. It is shown that these polynomials, called logic expressions, have a unique algebraic prime factorization. An O(n log /sup 2/ n) algorithm to find this factorization is presented. An improvement to the algorithm is presented which may reduce its average-case complexity to O(n).",
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"abstract": "A new test generation technique for path delay faults in scan/hold type circuits is presented. It uses reduced ordered binary decision diagrams to represent Boolean functions implemented by the subcircuits in a circuit, as well as to represent the constraints to be satisfied by the delay fault test. Two faults are considered for each path in the circuit under test and a pair of constraint functions, corresponding to the two time frames that constitute a transition, is evaluated for each fault. These constraints are then manipulated to obtain robust tests, if they exist; otherwise, nonrobust tests are obtained from the constraint functions, if they exist. An implementation of this technique was used to analyze delay fault testability of several ISCAS '89 benchmark circuits.",
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"content": "A new test generation technique for path delay faults in scan/hold type circuits is presented. It uses reduced ordered binary decision diagrams to represent Boolean functions implemented by the subcircuits in a circuit, as well as to represent the constraints to be satisfied by the delay fault test. Two faults are considered for each path in the circuit under test and a pair of constraint functions, corresponding to the two time frames that constitute a transition, is evaluated for each fault. These constraints are then manipulated to obtain robust tests, if they exist; otherwise, nonrobust tests are obtained from the constraint functions, if they exist. An implementation of this technique was used to analyze delay fault testability of several ISCAS '89 benchmark circuits.",
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"Scan Hold Circuits",
"Boolean Expressions",
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"abstract": "Due to the growing interest in geospatial data mining and analysis, data cleaning and integration in geospatial data is becoming an important issue. Geospatial entity resolution is the process of reconciling multiple location references to the same real world location within a single data source (deduplication) or across multiple data sources (integration). In this paper, we introduce an interactive tool called GeoDDupe which effectively combines automatic data mining algorithms for geospatial entity resolution with a novel network visualization supporting users? resolution analysis and decisions. We illustrate the GeoDDupe interface with an example geospatial dataset and show how users can efficiently and accurately resolve location entities. Finally, the case study with two real-world geospatial datasets demonstrates the potential of GeoDDupe.",
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"abstract": "Polygon meshes are ubiquitous in geometric model representation. Segmentation and parametrization of arbitrary polygon meshes are closely related and crucial in many applications. The primary aim of this paper is to find an efficient and practical way to segment and resample geometric models. We automatically generate a triangular patch network by a simplification algorithm. A simple and cheap algorithm is put forward for calculating the approximate shortest path between two points on triangle mesh, which serves for patch boundary of the segmentation. A set of interactive tools provides users with more freedom to control the final segmentation. The mesh parametrization algorithm in this paper can efficiently map a disk topology mesh surface to an isomorphic planar mesh without fixing boundary points. Ways are also provided to map the planar mesh with natural boundary to specific parameter domain, e.g. square or circular domain. The proposed method can be used in diverse applications, such as patchwise freeform surfaces fitting, Multi-resolution analysis, texture mapping, remeshing of arbitrary polygon mesh and blank design of sheet metal forming. Examples are included to demonstrate the efficiency and quality of our method.",
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"abstract": "Algebraic error analysis for the calculated surface curvatures of 3-D range images is presented for four curvature estimation techniques in the literature. The error analysis is used to study the experimental results obtained by P.J. Flynn and A.K. Jain (1989). It is concluded that the two methods which give better curvature estimations with comparative accuracies have almost identical curvature error bounds. The weaknesses of the other two methods are not due to large error terms in the calculated curvatures, but rather to other factors, such as inaccurate determination of the tangent planes or inaccurate estimations of the directional first- and second-order derivatives.<>",
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"title": "Surface Normal Reconstruction from Specular Information in Light Field Data",
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"abstract": "Specular highlights provide information about the shape of an object. Its characteristics are mostly unwanted in computer vision due to violation of the Lambertian assumption, which most algorithms require. Instead of neglecting this ubiquitous phenomenon we harvest it to extract surface normals with very high accuracy. Compared to photometric stereo our method works with multiple views and a fixed light source. We only require a low number of observation from a small part of the specular lobe to reconstruct the normal and reflection parameters.,,,,,,This is achieved by jointly optimizing the normal and the light transport of surfaces points. This work is a proof of concept to demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring highly accurate surface normals from specular reflection, which can be combined with conventional methods. The model is tested and evaluated on synthetic as well as real world data acquired by a cross light field setup.",
"abstracts": [
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"content": "Specular highlights provide information about the shape of an object. Its characteristics are mostly unwanted in computer vision due to violation of the Lambertian assumption, which most algorithms require. Instead of neglecting this ubiquitous phenomenon we harvest it to extract surface normals with very high accuracy. Compared to photometric stereo our method works with multiple views and a fixed light source. We only require a low number of observation from a small part of the specular lobe to reconstruct the normal and reflection parameters.,,,,,,This is achieved by jointly optimizing the normal and the light transport of surfaces points. This work is a proof of concept to demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring highly accurate surface normals from specular reflection, which can be combined with conventional methods. The model is tested and evaluated on synthetic as well as real world data acquired by a cross light field setup.",
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"fno": "0733b735",
"keywords": [
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"Surface Reconstruction",
"Mathematical Model",
"Cameras",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Lots of researches have been done on computer animation of tree swaying in wind. Some of them employed artificial simplification methods which could not achieve faithful swaying motion, others adopted complicated physical principles which would involve vast computation and fail to get an appropriate rendering speed. This paper presents a series of convenient interactive physical based methods for animation of trees swaying in wind. We focus on both the faithful swaying motion and the appropriate rendering speed. Therefore, a lot of statistical curves, representing wind profile loaded in tree or stem displacement profile and so on, are introduced for swaying motion calculation. All those curves can be modified interactively to get best match with the researches of botanists and other experts. These methods can be adjusted quickly and conveniently to simulate the animation of faithful tree swaying in wind with proper engineering accuracy and effective computation.",
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"abstract": "In this paper, we propose a simple method to animate vegetation in images. The proposed method enables users to interactively animate vegetation in real-time. It can be used to enhance a vegetation photograph or painting with animated motions as well as to help animators to create cartoon animation of vegetation. Our method is suitable for simulating vegetation-wind interaction for a dense vegetation field which exhibit non-rigid property, especially in cartoon style images. In our method, wind field is modeled using fluid simulation. We adopt a harmonic oscillator based on wave simulation as the numerical model for the dynamics of vegetation. The velocity generated from the wind field is used to drive the wave simulation to determine the velocity of vegetation. Based on the velocity of vegetation, we employ a grid-based warping approach to animate different types of vegetation such as grass and trees. As a result, for vegetation in images, we can simulate grass and trees swaying in wind as well as under water plants swaying in water. Our method can produce natural-looking output motions comparable with real cartoons. Users can interactively control the location of the source, direction and strength of the wind or water flow and the property of vegetation on the fly.",
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"content": "In this paper, we propose a simple method to animate vegetation in images. The proposed method enables users to interactively animate vegetation in real-time. It can be used to enhance a vegetation photograph or painting with animated motions as well as to help animators to create cartoon animation of vegetation. Our method is suitable for simulating vegetation-wind interaction for a dense vegetation field which exhibit non-rigid property, especially in cartoon style images. In our method, wind field is modeled using fluid simulation. We adopt a harmonic oscillator based on wave simulation as the numerical model for the dynamics of vegetation. The velocity generated from the wind field is used to drive the wave simulation to determine the velocity of vegetation. Based on the velocity of vegetation, we employ a grid-based warping approach to animate different types of vegetation such as grass and trees. As a result, for vegetation in images, we can simulate grass and trees swaying in wind as well as under water plants swaying in water. Our method can produce natural-looking output motions comparable with real cartoons. Users can interactively control the location of the source, direction and strength of the wind or water flow and the property of vegetation on the fly.",
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"title": "Measuring and modeling apple trees using time-of-flight data for automation of dormant pruning applications",
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"abstract": "Dormant pruning is one of the most expensive, labor-intensive, but, unavoidable procedure in the field of horticulture to ensure quality crop production. During winter, skilled farmers remove certain branches that are connected directly with the trunk of a tree carefully using a set of predefined rules. In order to reduce this dependence on a large manpower, our goal is to automate this pruning process by building 3D models of dormant apple trees, which eventually would be fed to an intelligent robotic system. In this paper, we present a semicircle fitting based robust 3D reconstruction scheme for modeling the trunk and primary branches of apple trees. The method involves estimating the diameter-error, creating semicircle fit model of the tree from a single depth image, and reconstructing the final 3D model of the tree by aligning a sequence of depth images. Analysis of the qualitative as well as the quantitative evaluations of our algorithm on five different dormant apple trees from our dataset under various indoor and outdoor environments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for automatic 3D reconstruction. The results show that on an average, the proposed schemes provide a performance of 89.4% for correctly estimating the diameters of the primary branches with a tolerance of 5 mm and 100%c for correctly identifying the branches.",
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"content": "Dormant pruning is one of the most expensive, labor-intensive, but, unavoidable procedure in the field of horticulture to ensure quality crop production. During winter, skilled farmers remove certain branches that are connected directly with the trunk of a tree carefully using a set of predefined rules. In order to reduce this dependence on a large manpower, our goal is to automate this pruning process by building 3D models of dormant apple trees, which eventually would be fed to an intelligent robotic system. In this paper, we present a semicircle fitting based robust 3D reconstruction scheme for modeling the trunk and primary branches of apple trees. The method involves estimating the diameter-error, creating semicircle fit model of the tree from a single depth image, and reconstructing the final 3D model of the tree by aligning a sequence of depth images. Analysis of the qualitative as well as the quantitative evaluations of our algorithm on five different dormant apple trees from our dataset under various indoor and outdoor environments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for automatic 3D reconstruction. The results show that on an average, the proposed schemes provide a performance of 89.4% for correctly estimating the diameters of the primary branches with a tolerance of 5 mm and 100%c for correctly identifying the branches.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Dormant pruning is one of the most expensive, labor-intensive, but, unavoidable procedure in the field of horticulture to ensure quality crop production. During winter, skilled farmers remove certain branches that are connected directly with the trunk of a tree carefully using a set of predefined rules. In order to reduce this dependence on a large manpower, our goal is to automate this pruning process by building 3D models of dormant apple trees, which eventually would be fed to an intelligent robotic system. In this paper, we present a semicircle fitting based robust 3D reconstruction scheme for modeling the trunk and primary branches of apple trees. The method involves estimating the diameter-error, creating semicircle fit model of the tree from a single depth image, and reconstructing the final 3D model of the tree by aligning a sequence of depth images. Analysis of the qualitative as well as the quantitative evaluations of our algorithm on five different dormant apple trees from our dataset under various indoor and outdoor environments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for automatic 3D reconstruction. The results show that on an average, the proposed schemes provide a performance of 89.4% for correctly estimating the diameters of the primary branches with a tolerance of 5 mm and 100%c for correctly identifying the branches.",
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"affiliation": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Marquette University",
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"affiliation": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University",
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"abstract": "Conventional interactive 3D tree modeling systems are generally based on 2D input devices, and it's not convenient to generate desired 3D tree shape from 2D inputs due to the complexity of 3D tree structures. In this paper, we present a system for modeling trees interactively using a 3D gesture-based VR platform. The system contains a head-mounted display (HMD) and a 6-DOF motion controller for interaction. We propose an improved procedural modeling method to generate trees faster for VR platform. Using the 6-DOF motion controller, users can manipulate tree structures by a set of 3D interactive operations, including geometric editing using 3D gestures, sketching, brushing and silhouette-guided growth. Our interactions are more flexible and convenient than using traditional 2D input devices, e.g., we allow the user to simultaneously rotate and translate parts of a tree using a 3D gesture.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "Conventional interactive 3D tree modeling systems are generally based on 2D input devices, and it's not convenient to generate desired 3D tree shape from 2D inputs due to the complexity of 3D tree structures. In this paper, we present a system for modeling trees interactively using a 3D gesture-based VR platform. The system contains a head-mounted display (HMD) and a 6-DOF motion controller for interaction. We propose an improved procedural modeling method to generate trees faster for VR platform. Using the 6-DOF motion controller, users can manipulate tree structures by a set of 3D interactive operations, including geometric editing using 3D gestures, sketching, brushing and silhouette-guided growth. Our interactions are more flexible and convenient than using traditional 2D input devices, e.g., we allow the user to simultaneously rotate and translate parts of a tree using a 3D gesture.",
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{
"affiliation": "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences",
"fullName": "Zhihao Liu",
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{
"affiliation": "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences",
"fullName": "Ce Shen",
"givenName": "Ce",
"surname": "Shen",
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{
"affiliation": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences",
"fullName": "Zhi Li",
"givenName": "Zhi",
"surname": "Li",
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{
"affiliation": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences",
"fullName": "Tingyu Weng",
"givenName": "Tingyu",
"surname": "Weng",
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{
"affiliation": "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Konstanz, Germany",
"fullName": "Oliver Deussen",
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{
"affiliation": "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences",
"fullName": "Zhanglin Cheng",
"givenName": "Zhanglin",
"surname": "Cheng",
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{
"affiliation": "Beihang University; Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen",
"fullName": "Dangxiao Wang",
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"title": "2016 IEEE 28th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)",
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"title": "An Ontology-Based Conceptual Framework to Improve Rock Data Quality in Reservoir Models",
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"abstract": "In the petroleum industry, a huge amount of data is generated every day by many different sources. The petroleum industry relies on the efficient use of this data to build computational models that represent subsurface petroleum reservoirs. A problem that arises when one is building reservoir models is the fact that the existent data is hardly interoperable. Many companies produce data, but the data is not easily integrated. In this work, we present a novel ontology-based conceptual framework to enhance well logs data quality, in order to improve the construction of reservoir models. Better reservoir models results in a better prediction of the petroleum reservoir quality, supporting a better evaluation of the reservoir economic value. We propose the use of the geological concept of reservoir petrofacies to make explicit the attributes that most contribute to the reservoir porosity and permeability. Thus, with the help of an expert, it is possible identify these attributes in well logs, enabling the possibility to extrapolate these known attributes to other logs in which the expert did not evaluate. The result is the possibility to trace this data along the different modeling activities.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "In the petroleum industry, a huge amount of data is generated every day by many different sources. The petroleum industry relies on the efficient use of this data to build computational models that represent subsurface petroleum reservoirs. A problem that arises when one is building reservoir models is the fact that the existent data is hardly interoperable. Many companies produce data, but the data is not easily integrated. In this work, we present a novel ontology-based conceptual framework to enhance well logs data quality, in order to improve the construction of reservoir models. Better reservoir models results in a better prediction of the petroleum reservoir quality, supporting a better evaluation of the reservoir economic value. We propose the use of the geological concept of reservoir petrofacies to make explicit the attributes that most contribute to the reservoir porosity and permeability. Thus, with the help of an expert, it is possible identify these attributes in well logs, enabling the possibility to extrapolate these known attributes to other logs in which the expert did not evaluate. The result is the possibility to trace this data along the different modeling activities.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "In the petroleum industry, a huge amount of data is generated every day by many different sources. The petroleum industry relies on the efficient use of this data to build computational models that represent subsurface petroleum reservoirs. A problem that arises when one is building reservoir models is the fact that the existent data is hardly interoperable. Many companies produce data, but the data is not easily integrated. In this work, we present a novel ontology-based conceptual framework to enhance well logs data quality, in order to improve the construction of reservoir models. Better reservoir models results in a better prediction of the petroleum reservoir quality, supporting a better evaluation of the reservoir economic value. We propose the use of the geological concept of reservoir petrofacies to make explicit the attributes that most contribute to the reservoir porosity and permeability. Thus, with the help of an expert, it is possible identify these attributes in well logs, enabling the possibility to extrapolate these known attributes to other logs in which the expert did not evaluate. The result is the possibility to trace this data along the different modeling activities.",
"fno": "4459b084",
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"Ontologies Artificial Intelligence",
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"authors": [
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"affiliation": "Inf. Inst., UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil",
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{
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"title": "2014 International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications (SIMULTECH)",
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"doi": "10.5220/0005006504770483",
"title": "Modeling anisotropic permeability of coal and its effects on coalbed methane reservoir simulation",
"normalizedTitle": "Modeling anisotropic permeability of coal and its effects on coalbed methane reservoir simulation",
"abstract": "In this study, an alternative permeability model was developed and compared with data from laboratory investigations. The model was further applied for reservoir simulation with several cases in order to evaluate the effects of the anisotropic permeability variation on the CO2-sequestration and CO2- sequestration enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery. The permeability model developed in this study is based on a discontinuum medium approach, in which coal is treated as a discontinuum medium containing anisotropic matrixes and cleats. The permeability variations and anisotropic permeability ratios under isotropic net stresses were tested with relatively large coal samples. The simulations show good agreements with the experimental data, revealing that the developed model is superior for describing stressand sorption-induced permeability variations in coals compared with models using constant values for stress-dependent parameters. The results from reservoir simulation incorporating the developed permeability model show the anisotropic permeability exhibit significant effect on CO2-ECBM recovery.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "In this study, an alternative permeability model was developed and compared with data from laboratory investigations. The model was further applied for reservoir simulation with several cases in order to evaluate the effects of the anisotropic permeability variation on the CO2-sequestration and CO2- sequestration enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery. The permeability model developed in this study is based on a discontinuum medium approach, in which coal is treated as a discontinuum medium containing anisotropic matrixes and cleats. The permeability variations and anisotropic permeability ratios under isotropic net stresses were tested with relatively large coal samples. The simulations show good agreements with the experimental data, revealing that the developed model is superior for describing stressand sorption-induced permeability variations in coals compared with models using constant values for stress-dependent parameters. The results from reservoir simulation incorporating the developed permeability model show the anisotropic permeability exhibit significant effect on CO2-ECBM recovery.",
"__typename": "ArticleAbstractType"
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"normalizedAbstract": "In this study, an alternative permeability model was developed and compared with data from laboratory investigations. The model was further applied for reservoir simulation with several cases in order to evaluate the effects of the anisotropic permeability variation on the CO2-sequestration and CO2- sequestration enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) recovery. The permeability model developed in this study is based on a discontinuum medium approach, in which coal is treated as a discontinuum medium containing anisotropic matrixes and cleats. The permeability variations and anisotropic permeability ratios under isotropic net stresses were tested with relatively large coal samples. The simulations show good agreements with the experimental data, revealing that the developed model is superior for describing stressand sorption-induced permeability variations in coals compared with models using constant values for stress-dependent parameters. The results from reservoir simulation incorporating the developed permeability model show the anisotropic permeability exhibit significant effect on CO2-ECBM recovery.",
"fno": "07095066",
"keywords": [
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"Coal",
"Stress",
"Face",
"Reservoirs",
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"Coal",
"Coalbed Methane CBM",
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"authors": [
{
"affiliation": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia",
"fullName": "Geoff Wang",
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"affiliation": "Sinopec Oil & Gas Australia Pty Ltd, Level 1, 139 Coronation Drive, Milton, Brisbane, Qld 4064, Australia",
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"affiliation": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia",
"fullName": "Hui An",
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"affiliation": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia",
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"affiliation": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia",
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"abstract": "Based on the problem happened during the water-flooding development of K1S2 reservoir in Tuha oilfield, the article has analysed the poroperm characteristics, petrologic feature, grain-size characteristics and clay composition. The article has also evaluated the velocity sensitivity to the reservoir on the basis of comparison between formation and injection water. The results show the reservoir is poor in shale and montmorillonite, but the injection of illite and kaolinite the pore throat is thin. Water differs from each other and the mineralization of the injection water is lower than the formation one. It will produce scale deposit after mixing them partly. The water-flooding development leads to serious particle migration and decreases the permeability seriously. The velocity sensitivity index is 36% existing medium velocity sensitivity. Under the displacement velocity of 0.2mL/min, the permeability of formation water is 24.41×10-3µm2,after injecting the water for 24h, the permeability is 18.91×10-3µm2,reduce the permeability by 22.5%,causing the light damage.",
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"content": "Based on the problem happened during the water-flooding development of K1S2 reservoir in Tuha oilfield, the article has analysed the poroperm characteristics, petrologic feature, grain-size characteristics and clay composition. The article has also evaluated the velocity sensitivity to the reservoir on the basis of comparison between formation and injection water. The results show the reservoir is poor in shale and montmorillonite, but the injection of illite and kaolinite the pore throat is thin. Water differs from each other and the mineralization of the injection water is lower than the formation one. It will produce scale deposit after mixing them partly. The water-flooding development leads to serious particle migration and decreases the permeability seriously. The velocity sensitivity index is 36% existing medium velocity sensitivity. Under the displacement velocity of 0.2mL/min, the permeability of formation water is 24.41×10-3µm2,after injecting the water for 24h, the permeability is 18.91×10-3µm2,reduce the permeability by 22.5%,causing the light damage.",
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"normalizedAbstract": "Based on the problem happened during the water-flooding development of K1S2 reservoir in Tuha oilfield, the article has analysed the poroperm characteristics, petrologic feature, grain-size characteristics and clay composition. The article has also evaluated the velocity sensitivity to the reservoir on the basis of comparison between formation and injection water. The results show the reservoir is poor in shale and montmorillonite, but the injection of illite and kaolinite the pore throat is thin. Water differs from each other and the mineralization of the injection water is lower than the formation one. It will produce scale deposit after mixing them partly. The water-flooding development leads to serious particle migration and decreases the permeability seriously. The velocity sensitivity index is 36% existing medium velocity sensitivity. Under the displacement velocity of 0.2mL/min, the permeability of formation water is 24.41×10-3µm2,after injecting the water for 24h, the permeability is 18.91×10-3µm2,reduce the permeability by 22.5%,causing the light damage.",
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"fullName": "Fengxia Li",
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"proceeding": {
"id": "12OmNx7ouUM",
"title": "2013 International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences",
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"article": {
"id": "12OmNqGitSC",
"doi": "10.1109/ICCIS.2013.325",
"title": "Research on Brittleness of Shale in Longmaxi Formation, the Southeastern Chongqing Area",
"normalizedTitle": "Research on Brittleness of Shale in Longmaxi Formation, the Southeastern Chongqing Area",
"abstract": "This article studies Longmaxi exposures in southeast of Chongqing, and carries on experiments to analyze the feasibility of the fracturing from the aspect of brittleness. The results show that the shale is well bedded, tight, and has low porosity and low permeability in this area. And it needs to be reconstructed. The analysis of the mineral components shows that Longmaxi shale has a high content of brittle minerals, such as quartz and carbonate, and the content of these brittle minerals ranges from 49% to 65%, with an average of 57%. While the clay mineral content is low, and there is no kaolinite or montmorillonite which contains serious hydration expansion. On the basis of it. the shale brittleness coefficient calculated by the mineral composition and dynamic elastic parameters ranges from 49% to 77% and the average brittleness coefficient is higher than 57%, which shows the formation is brittle. Comparison with the successful exploitation of the North American shale reservoir, Longmaxi shale in southeast of Chongqing is fit for fracturing operations. According to the North American shale fracturing practical experience, we suggest that the rock brittleness should be taken into consideration in the fracturing design process, and the fracturing fluid should be with large volume of fluid, low proppant content and less proppant consuming.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "This article studies Longmaxi exposures in southeast of Chongqing, and carries on experiments to analyze the feasibility of the fracturing from the aspect of brittleness. The results show that the shale is well bedded, tight, and has low porosity and low permeability in this area. And it needs to be reconstructed. The analysis of the mineral components shows that Longmaxi shale has a high content of brittle minerals, such as quartz and carbonate, and the content of these brittle minerals ranges from 49% to 65%, with an average of 57%. While the clay mineral content is low, and there is no kaolinite or montmorillonite which contains serious hydration expansion. On the basis of it. the shale brittleness coefficient calculated by the mineral composition and dynamic elastic parameters ranges from 49% to 77% and the average brittleness coefficient is higher than 57%, which shows the formation is brittle. Comparison with the successful exploitation of the North American shale reservoir, Longmaxi shale in southeast of Chongqing is fit for fracturing operations. According to the North American shale fracturing practical experience, we suggest that the rock brittleness should be taken into consideration in the fracturing design process, and the fracturing fluid should be with large volume of fluid, low proppant content and less proppant consuming.",
"__typename": "ArticleAbstractType"
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],
"normalizedAbstract": "This article studies Longmaxi exposures in southeast of Chongqing, and carries on experiments to analyze the feasibility of the fracturing from the aspect of brittleness. The results show that the shale is well bedded, tight, and has low porosity and low permeability in this area. And it needs to be reconstructed. The analysis of the mineral components shows that Longmaxi shale has a high content of brittle minerals, such as quartz and carbonate, and the content of these brittle minerals ranges from 49% to 65%, with an average of 57%. While the clay mineral content is low, and there is no kaolinite or montmorillonite which contains serious hydration expansion. On the basis of it. the shale brittleness coefficient calculated by the mineral composition and dynamic elastic parameters ranges from 49% to 77% and the average brittleness coefficient is higher than 57%, which shows the formation is brittle. Comparison with the successful exploitation of the North American shale reservoir, Longmaxi shale in southeast of Chongqing is fit for fracturing operations. According to the North American shale fracturing practical experience, we suggest that the rock brittleness should be taken into consideration in the fracturing design process, and the fracturing fluid should be with large volume of fluid, low proppant content and less proppant consuming.",
"fno": "5004b227",
"keywords": [
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"Rocks",
"Reservoirs",
"Fluids",
"Electronic Mail",
"Permeability",
"Petroleum",
"Brittleness Coefficient",
"Longmaxi Formation",
"The Southeast Of Chongqing",
"Shale",
"Mineral Composition"
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Chen Qiao",
"givenName": "Chen",
"surname": "Qiao",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Liu Hong",
"givenName": "Liu",
"surname": "Hong",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Wang Li-sha",
"givenName": "Wang",
"surname": "Li-sha",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Wang Sen",
"givenName": "Wang",
"surname": "Sen",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Fan Xiao-wen",
"givenName": "Fan",
"surname": "Xiao-wen",
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},
{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Wang Qi-jun",
"givenName": "Wang",
"surname": "Qi-jun",
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}
],
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"abstract": "Terminal fan system is distinguished in Hai120 block, which consists of three different microfacies proximal subfacies, middle subfacies and distal subfacies are identified by combining the core observation, log interpretation and electron microscopy viewing, each subfacies includes a number of microfacies. Reservoir characterization plays an essential role in quantitative reservoir description, it can improve capacity of understanding reservoir, thus in this paper we mainly detailedly characterise microfacies, which have prominent impacts on the reservoir properties, herein presents the connection between reservoir properties and the facies, plus applying stochastic modeling method to build reservoir properties model. This study has a direct role in guiding the oil field development.",
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"proceeding": {
"id": "12OmNC8uRrH",
"title": "2010 Second International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Methods (WMSVM 2010)",
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"doi": "10.1109/WMSVM.2010.27",
"title": "3D Fine Geological Modeling of the High Water Cut Stage Reservoir: A Case Study of the ES2S1 Reservoir in the Southern Pucheng Oilfield",
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"abstract": "3D computer modeling is the most important procedure in the reservoir fine description, It can help us to study the reservoir with quantitative and three-dimensional methods. This paper presents an example of the application 3D modeling to the first sand set of the upper ES2 reservoir in the south region of Pucheng Oilfield. Based on the basic data of the strata and structure, faults and structure model are built to display the 3D structure characteristics of the reservoir. The sedimentary microfacies data is imported and analyzed in the software and the variogram is defined to build the microfacies model. And then facies controlled petrophysical modeling technology is used when building the petrophysical model. Finally, In order to examine the precision of the built 3D geological model, according to the fluid model, the geological reserves of each zone is calculated, result manifests that the trueness error is reasonable, and the exported 3D model can be used in the numerical simulation.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "3D computer modeling is the most important procedure in the reservoir fine description, It can help us to study the reservoir with quantitative and three-dimensional methods. This paper presents an example of the application 3D modeling to the first sand set of the upper ES2 reservoir in the south region of Pucheng Oilfield. Based on the basic data of the strata and structure, faults and structure model are built to display the 3D structure characteristics of the reservoir. The sedimentary microfacies data is imported and analyzed in the software and the variogram is defined to build the microfacies model. And then facies controlled petrophysical modeling technology is used when building the petrophysical model. Finally, In order to examine the precision of the built 3D geological model, according to the fluid model, the geological reserves of each zone is calculated, result manifests that the trueness error is reasonable, and the exported 3D model can be used in the numerical simulation.",
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],
"normalizedAbstract": "3D computer modeling is the most important procedure in the reservoir fine description, It can help us to study the reservoir with quantitative and three-dimensional methods. This paper presents an example of the application 3D modeling to the first sand set of the upper ES2 reservoir in the south region of Pucheng Oilfield. Based on the basic data of the strata and structure, faults and structure model are built to display the 3D structure characteristics of the reservoir. The sedimentary microfacies data is imported and analyzed in the software and the variogram is defined to build the microfacies model. And then facies controlled petrophysical modeling technology is used when building the petrophysical model. Finally, In order to examine the precision of the built 3D geological model, according to the fluid model, the geological reserves of each zone is calculated, result manifests that the trueness error is reasonable, and the exported 3D model can be used in the numerical simulation.",
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"doi": "10.1109/GCIS.2012.75",
"title": "An Application of RBF Neural Networks for Petroleum Reservoir Characterization",
"normalizedTitle": "An Application of RBF Neural Networks for Petroleum Reservoir Characterization",
"abstract": "The parameter calculation relating to petroleum reservoir characterization and lithologic identification based on RBF neural networks is studied in this paper. Two models for reservoir permeability prediction and litho logic identification have been constructed and are applied to predict the unknown samples. The prediction result of reservoir permeability has a higher consistency with the practical cases. The parameter prediction and litho logic identification precision have been greatly improved compared to the traditional BP neural networks. The results show that the RBF neural network is very promising for the application of petroleum reservoir characterization.",
"abstracts": [
{
"abstractType": "Regular",
"content": "The parameter calculation relating to petroleum reservoir characterization and lithologic identification based on RBF neural networks is studied in this paper. Two models for reservoir permeability prediction and litho logic identification have been constructed and are applied to predict the unknown samples. The prediction result of reservoir permeability has a higher consistency with the practical cases. The parameter prediction and litho logic identification precision have been greatly improved compared to the traditional BP neural networks. The results show that the RBF neural network is very promising for the application of petroleum reservoir characterization.",
"__typename": "ArticleAbstractType"
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"normalizedAbstract": "The parameter calculation relating to petroleum reservoir characterization and lithologic identification based on RBF neural networks is studied in this paper. Two models for reservoir permeability prediction and litho logic identification have been constructed and are applied to predict the unknown samples. The prediction result of reservoir permeability has a higher consistency with the practical cases. The parameter prediction and litho logic identification precision have been greatly improved compared to the traditional BP neural networks. The results show that the RBF neural network is very promising for the application of petroleum reservoir characterization.",
"fno": "06449493",
"keywords": [
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"Permeability",
"Production Engineering Computing",
"Radial Basis Function Networks",
"RBF Neural Network",
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"fullName": "Yajuan Tian",
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"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Qinghong Zhang",
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"title": "T-Sample: A Dual Reservoir-Based Sampling Method for Characterizing Large Graph Streams",
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"abstract": "Reservoir sampling is widely employed to characterize connectivity of large graph streams by producing edge samples. However, existing reservoir-based sampling methods mainly characterize large graph streams by a measure of counting triangles but perform poorly in accuracy when used to analyze the topological characteristics reflected by node degrees because they produce disconnected edge samples, making them ineffective in many applications that require both types of connectivity estimation simultaneously in real time. This paper proposes a new method, called triangle-induced reservoir sampling, or T-Sample, to produce connected edge samples. While every edge in a graph stream is still processed only once by T-Sample, a dual sampling mechanism performing both uniform sampling and non-uniform sampling is carefully designed with a base reservoir and an incremental reservoir. Specifically, the uniform sampling can be used to count triangles by employing the existing algorithms while the non-uniform sampling ensures that the edge samples are connected. Experimental results driven by real datasets show that T-Sample can obtain much more accurate estimations on the distributions of node degrees than the existing reservoir-based sampling methods.",
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"content": "Reservoir sampling is widely employed to characterize connectivity of large graph streams by producing edge samples. However, existing reservoir-based sampling methods mainly characterize large graph streams by a measure of counting triangles but perform poorly in accuracy when used to analyze the topological characteristics reflected by node degrees because they produce disconnected edge samples, making them ineffective in many applications that require both types of connectivity estimation simultaneously in real time. This paper proposes a new method, called triangle-induced reservoir sampling, or T-Sample, to produce connected edge samples. While every edge in a graph stream is still processed only once by T-Sample, a dual sampling mechanism performing both uniform sampling and non-uniform sampling is carefully designed with a base reservoir and an incremental reservoir. Specifically, the uniform sampling can be used to count triangles by employing the existing algorithms while the non-uniform sampling ensures that the edge samples are connected. Experimental results driven by real datasets show that T-Sample can obtain much more accurate estimations on the distributions of node degrees than the existing reservoir-based sampling methods.",
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology",
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"affiliation": "Huazhong University of Science and Technology",
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"normalizedAbstract": "We present a new motion tracking method to robustly reconstruct non-rigid geometries and motions from single view depth inputs captured by a consumer depth sensor. The idea comes from the observation of the existence of intrinsic articulated subspace in most of non-rigid motions. To take advantage of this characteristic, we propose a novel L0 based motion regularizer with an iterative optimization solver that can implicitly constrain local deformation only on joints with articulated motions, leading to reduced solution space and physical plausible deformations. The L0 strategy is integrated into the available non-rigid motion tracking pipeline, forming the proposed L0-L2 non-rigid motion tracking method that can adaptively stop the tracking error propagation. Extensive experiments over complex human body motions with occlusions, face and hand motions demonstrate that our approach substantially improves tracking robustness and surface reconstruction accuracy.",
"fno": "8391d083",
"keywords": [
"Tracking",
"Skeleton",
"Surface Reconstruction",
"Robustness",
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"Cameras"
],
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"fullName": "Kaiwen Guo",
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{
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"fullName": "Feng Xu",
"givenName": "Feng",
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{
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"fullName": "Yangang Wang",
"givenName": "Yangang",
"surname": "Wang",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Yebin Liu",
"givenName": "Yebin",
"surname": "Liu",
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{
"affiliation": null,
"fullName": "Qionghai Dai",
"givenName": "Qionghai",
"surname": "Dai",
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"pubDate": "2015-12-01T00:00:00",
"pubType": "proceedings",
"pages": "3083-3091",
"year": "2015",
"issn": "2380-7504",
"isbn": "978-1-4673-8391-2",
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