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2020-04-07
Nonreciprocal Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya magnetoacoustic waves
We study the interaction of surface acoustic waves with spin waves in ultra-thin CoFeB/Pt bilayers. Due to the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), the spin wave dispersion is non-degenerate for oppositely propagating spin waves in CoFeB/Pt. In combination with the additional nonreciprocity of the magne...
2004.03535v2
2021-04-05
Optical Damage Threshold and THz Generation Efficiency of (Fe,CoFeB)/(Ta,Pt) Spintronic Emitters
THz pulses are generated from femtosecond pulse-excited ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic spintronic heterostructures via inverse spin Hall effect. The contribution from ultrafast demagnetization/remagnetization is extremely weak, in the comparison. The highest possible THz signal strength from spintronic THz emitters is limit...
2104.02028v1
2023-02-14
Direct evidence of terahertz emission arising from anomalous Hall effect
A detailed understanding of the different mechanisms being responsible for terahertz (THz) emission in ferromagnetic (FM) materials will aid in designing efficient THz emitters. In this report, we present direct evidence of THz emission from single layer Co$_{0.4}$Fe$_{0.4}$B$_{0.2}$ (CoFeB) FM thin films. The dominant...
2302.07398v2
2023-03-21
Inducing or suppressing the anisotropy in multilayers based on CoFeB
Controlling the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy is of practical interest to a wide variety of applications. We study Co$_{40}$Fe$_{40}$B$_{20}$ single films grown on various crystalline orientations of LiNbO$_3$ substrates and on oxidized silicon. We identify the annealing conditions that are appropriate to induce or supp...
2303.11718v1
2023-06-19
Spin transport and magnetic proximity effect in CoFeB/normal metal/Pt trilayers
We present a study of the damping and spin pumping properties of CoFeB/X/Pt systems with $\rm X=Al,Cr$ and $\rm Ta$. We show that the total damping of the CoFeB/Pt systems is strongly reduced when an interlayer is introduced independently of the material. Using a model that considers spin relaxation, we identify the or...
2306.11009v2
2023-11-09
Magnon-phonon coupling of synthetic antiferromagnets in a surface acoustic wave cavity resonator
We use a surface acoustic wave (SAW) cavity resonator to study the coupling of acoustic magnons in a synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) and the phonons carried by SAWs. The SAF is composed of a CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB trilayer and the scattering matrix of the SAW resonator is studied to assess the coupling. We find that the spectr...
2311.05275v1
2024-01-15
Multiple Frequency Steps in Synthetic Antiferromagnet Based Double Spin Josephson Junctions Using CoFeB and Fe3Sn
Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) which is made of two parallel Josephson junctions has applications in magnetometry. A similar spin-based device is proposed here where spin superfluid in ferromagnet (FM) mimics the superconducting state. Two materials CoFeB and Fe3Sn are used for spin superfluid-base...
2401.08005v1
2008-01-09
Current-induced magnetization switching in MgO barrier magnetic tunnel junctions with CoFeB based synthetic ferrimagnetic free layers
We investigated the effect of using a synthetic ferrimagnetic (SyF) free layer in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) on current-induced magnetization switching (CIMS), particularly for application to spin-transfer torque random access memory (SPRAM). The employed SyF free layer had a Co40Fe40B20/ Ru/ Co40Fe40B2...
0801.1355v1
2012-07-11
Layer thickness dependence of the current induced effective field vector in Ta|CoFeB|MgO
The role of current induced effective magnetic field in ultrathin magnetic heterostructures is increasingly gaining interest since it can provide efficient ways of manipulating magnetization electrically. Two effects, known as the Rashba spin orbit field and the spin Hall spin torque, have been reported to be responsib...
1207.2521v1
2013-05-12
Spin Pumping and Inverse Spin Hall Effect in Germanium
We have measured the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in \textit{n}-Ge at room temperature. The spin current in germanium was generated by spin pumping from a CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junction in order to prevent the impedance mismatch issue. A clear electromotive force was measured in Ge at the ferromagnetic resonance...
1305.2602v1
2017-03-10
Room-temperature perpendicular magnetization switching through giant spin-orbit torque from sputtered BixSe(1-x) topological insulator material
The spin-orbit torque (SOT) arising from materials with large spin-orbit coupling promises a path for ultra-low power and fast magnetic-based storage and computational devices. We investigated the SOT from magnetron-sputtered BixSe(1-x) thin films in BixSe(1-x)/CoFeB heterostructures by using a dc planar Hall method. R...
1703.03822v1
2019-07-08
Bloch-to-Néel domain wall transition evinced through morphology of magnetic bubble expansion in Ta/CoFeB/MgO layers
Ta/CoFeB/MgO trilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are often characterised by vanishing or modest values of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), which results in purely Bloch or mixed Bloch-N\'eel domain walls (DWs). Here we investigate the creep evolution of the overall magnetic bubble morph...
1907.03708v1
2019-07-14
Current-Induced magnetization switching by the high spin Hall conductivity $α$-W
The spin Hall effect originating from 5d heavy transition metal thin films such as Pt, Ta, and W is able to generate efficient spin-orbit torques that can switch adjacent magnetic layers. This mechanism can serve as an alternative to conventional spin-transfer torque for controlling next-generation magnetic memories. A...
1907.06192v1
2019-10-02
A Low Temperature Functioning CoFeB/MgO Based Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junction for Cryogenic Nonvolatile Random Access Memory
We investigated the low temperature performance of CoFeB/MgO based perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs) by characterizing their quasi-static switching voltage, high speed pulse write error rate and endurance down to 9 K. pMTJ devices exhibited high magnetoresistance (>120%) and reliable (error rate<10-4) bi-...
1910.01149v1
2018-02-22
Correlation of tunnel magnetoresistance with the magnetic properties in perpendicular CoFeB-based junctions with exchange bias
We investigate the dependence of magnetic properties on the post-annealing temperature/time, the thickness of soft ferromagnetic electrode and Ta dusting layer in the pinned electrode as well as their correlation with the tunnel magnetoresistance ratio, in a series of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions of material...
1802.08002v2
2020-04-07
Laser-induced magnetization precession in individual magnetoelastic domains of a multiferroic CoFeB/BaTiO$_3$ composite
Using a magneto-optical pump-probe technique with micrometer spatial resolution we show that magnetization precession can be launched in individual magnetic domains imprinted in a Co$_{40}$Fe$_{40}$B$_{20}$ (CoFeB) layer by elastic coupling to ferroelectric domains in a BaTiO$_{3}$ substrate. The dependence of the prec...
2004.03566v5
2018-04-11
Thermographic measurements of spin-current-induced temperature modulation in metallic bilayers
Spin-to-heat current conversion effects have been investigated in bilayer films consisting of a paramagnetic metal (PM; Pt, W, or Ta) and a ferromagnetic metal (FM; CoFeB or permalloy). When a charge current is applied to the PM/FM bilayer film, a spin current is generated across the PM/FM interface owing to the spin H...
1804.04068v1
2019-09-20
Field-free spin-orbit torque switching through domain wall motion
Deterministic current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching of magnetization in a heavy transition metal/ferromagnetic metal/oxide magnetic heterostructure with the ferromagnetic layer being perpendicularly-magnetized typically requires an externally-applied in-plane field to break the switching symmetry. We show t...
1909.09604v1
2019-12-16
Spin-current manipulation of photoinduced magnetization dynamics in heavy metal / ferromagnet double layer based nanostructures
Spin currents offer a way to control static and dynamic magnetic properties, and therefore they are crucial for next-generation MRAM devices or spin-torque oscillators. Manipulating the dynamics is especially interesting within the context of photo-magnonics. In typical $3d$ transition metal ferromagnets like CoFeB, th...
1912.07728v1
2019-12-20
Atomistic investigation of the temperature and size dependence of the energy barrier of CoFeB/MgO nanodots
The balance between low power consumption and high efficiency in memory devices is a major limiting factor in the development of new technologies. Magnetic random access memories (MRAM) based on CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have been proposed as candidates to replace the current technology due to their no...
1912.09761v1
2020-07-06
Transverse and Longitudinal Spin-Torque Ferromagnetic Resonance for Improved Measurements of Spin-Orbit Torques
Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) is a common method used to measure spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in heavy metal/ferromagnet bilayer structures. In the course of a measurement, other resonant processes such as spin pumping (SP) and heating can cause spin current or heat flows between the layers, inducing additi...
2007.02850v1
2020-12-10
Pulse-width and Temperature Dependence of Memristive Spin-Orbit Torque Switching
It is crucial that magnetic memory devices formed from magnetic heterostructures possess sizable spin-orbit torque (SOT) efficiency and high thermal stability to realize both efficient SOT control and robust storage of such memory devices. However, most previous studies on various types of magnetic heterostructures hav...
2012.05531v1
2021-02-06
Spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect in CoFeB/IrMn heterostructures
High spin to charge conversion efficiency is the requirement for the spintronics devices which is governed by spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). In last one decade, ISHE and spin pumping are heavily investigated in ferromagnet/ heavy metal (HM) heterostructures. Recently antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials...
2102.03624v2
2021-06-10
Spin-Orbit Torque Engineering in β-W/CoFeB Heterostructures via Ta and V Alloying at Interfaces
Spin-orbit torque manifested as an accumulated spin-polarized moment at nonmagnetic normal metal, and ferromagnet interfaces is a promising magnetization switching mechanism for spintronic devices. To fully exploit this in practice, materials with a high spin Hall angle, i.e., a charge-to-spin conversion efficiency, ar...
2106.05460v1
2022-11-04
Exchange energies in CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB Synthetic Antiferromagnets
The interlayer exchange coupling confers specific properties to Synthetic Antiferromagnets that make them suitable for several applications of spintronics. The efficient use of this magnetic configuration requires an in-depth understanding of the magnetic properties and their correlation with the material structure. He...
2211.02497v1
2023-06-29
Ultrafast THz probing of nonlocal orbital current in transverse multilayer metallic heterostructures
THz generation from femtosecond photoexcited spintronic heterostructures has recently become a versatile tool for investigating ultrafast spin-transport and transient charge-current in a non-contact and non-invasive manner. The same from the orbital effects is still in the primitive stage. Here, we experimentally demon...
2306.17027v2
2008-06-20
Penetration Depth of Transverse Spin Current in Ferromagnetic Metals
The line width of the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectrum of Cu/CoFeB/Cu/Co/Cu is studied. Analyzing the FMR spectrum by the theory of spin pumping, we determined the penetration depth of the transverse spin current in the Co layer. The obtained penetration depth of Co is 1.7 nm.
0806.3315v1
2019-11-08
Room Temperature Spin to Charge Conversion in Amorphous Topological Insulating Gd-Alloyed BixSe1-x/CoFeB Bilayers
Disordered topological insulator (TI) films have gained intense interest by benefiting from both the TIs exotic transport properties and the advantage of mass production by sputtering. Here, we report on the clear evidence of spin-charge conversion (SCC) in amorphous Gd-alloyed BixSe1-x (BSG)/CoFeB bilayers fabricated ...
1911.03323v12
2022-08-10
Enhancement of Spin-Charge Conversion Efficiency for Co$_{3}$Sn$_{2}$S$_{2}$ across Transition from Paramagnetic to Ferromagnetic Phase
Co$_{3}$Sn$_{2}$S$_{2}$ (CSS) is one of the shandite compounds and becomes a magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate below the ferromagnetic phase transition temperature ($\textit{T}_\textrm{C}$). In this paper, we investigate the temperature ($\textit{T}$) dependence of conversion between charge current and spin current for...
2208.05394v1
2023-11-10
Observation by SANS and PNR of pure Néel-type domain wall profiles and skyrmion suppression below room temperature in magnetic [Pt/CoFeB/Ru]$_{10}$ multilayers
We report investigations of the magnetic textures in periodic [Pt(1 nm)/(CoFeB(0.8 nm)/Ru(1.4 nm)]$_{10}$ multilayers using polarised neutron reflectometry (PNR) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The multilayers are known to host skyrmions stabilized by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions induced by broken inve...
2311.05959v2
2007-12-17
Spin tunneling in junctions with disordered ferromagnets
We provide compelling evidence to establish that, contrary to one's elementary guess, the tunneling spin polarization (TSP) of amorphous CoFeB is larger than that of highly textured fcc CoFeB. First principles atomic and electronic structure calculations reveal striking agreement between the measured TSP and the predic...
0712.2722v1
2011-03-22
Inductive determination of the optimum tunnel barrier thickness in magnetic tunnelling junction stacks for spin torque memory applications
We use pulsed inductive microwave magnetometry to study the precessional magnetization dynamics of the free layer in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB based magnetic tunnelling junction stacks with varying MgO barrier thickness. From the field dependence of the precession frequency we are able to derive the uniaxial anisotropy energy an...
1103.4248v1
2011-06-03
Origin of in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in CoFeB amorphous ferromagnetic thin-films
Describing the origin of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA) is generally problematic in systems other than single crystals. We demonstrate an in-plane UMA in amorphous CoFeB films on GaAs(001) which has the expected symmetry of the interface anisotropy in ferromagnetic films on GaAs(001), but strength which is independ...
1106.0606v1
2012-05-13
Voltage-Induced Ferromagnetic Resonance in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
We demonstrate excitation of ferromagnetic resonance in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) by the combined action of voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) and spin transfer torque (ST). Our measurements reveal that GHz-frequency VCMA torque and ST in low-resistance MTJs have similar magnitudes, an...
1205.2835v2
2012-08-08
Spin transfer torque devices utilizing the giant spin Hall effect of tungsten
We report a giant spin Hall effect (SHE) in {\beta}-W thin films. Using spin torque induced ferromagnetic resonance with a {\beta}-W/CoFeB bilayer microstrip we determine the spin Hall angle to be |\theta|=0.30\pm0.02, large enough for an in-plane current to efficiently reverse the orientation of an in-plane magnetized...
1208.1711v1
2013-03-19
X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism studies of L1_0-Mn-Ga thin films
Tetragonally distorted \(\rm{Mn}_{3-x}\rm{Ga}_x\) thin films with \(0.1< x < 2\) show a strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and low magnetization and thus have the potential to serve as electrodes in spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory. Because a direct capping of these films with MgO is problematic...
1303.4648v2
2013-05-27
Magnetization reversal in sub-100nm magnetic tunnel junctions with ultrathin MgO barrier biased along hard axis
We report on room temperature magnetoresistance and low frequency noise in sub-100nm elliptic CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions with ultrathin (0.9nm) barriers. For magnetic fields applied along the hard axis, we observe current induced magnetization switching between the antiparallel and parallel alignments at...
1305.6209v1
2013-05-29
Enhanced interface perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Ta|CoFeB|MgO using nitrogen doped Ta underlayers
We show that the magnetic characteristics of Ta|CoFeB|MgO magnetic heterostructures are strongly influenced by doping the Ta underlayer with nitrogen. In particular, the saturation magnetization drops upon doping the Ta underlayer, suggesting that the doped underlayer acts as a boron diffusion barrier. In addition, the...
1305.6660v1
2013-08-08
Interface control of the magnetic chirality in TaN|CoFeB|MgO heterosctructures
Recent advances in the understanding of spin orbital effects in ultrathin magnetic heterostructures have opened new paradigms to control magnetic moments electrically. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is said to play a key role in forming a Neel-type domain wall that can be driven by the spin Hall torque, a ...
1308.1751v1
2013-10-18
Quantitative characterization of the spin orbit torque using harmonic Hall voltage measurements
Solid understanding of current induced torques is key to the development of current and voltage controlled magnetization dynamics in ultrathin magnetic heterostructures. To evaluate the size and direction of such torques, or effective fields, a number of methods have been employed. Here we examine the adiabatic (low fr...
1310.4879v1
2013-12-03
Depth dependent magnetization profiles of hybrid exchange springs
We report on the magnetization depth profile of a hybrid exchange spring system in which a Co/Pd multilayer with perpendicular anisotropy is coupled to a CoFeB thin film with in-plane anisotropy. The competition between these two orthogonal anisotropies promotes a strong depth dependence of the magnetization orientatio...
1312.0878v1
2014-04-04
Angular and temperature dependence of current induced spin-orbit effective fields in Ta/CoFeB/MgO nanowires
Current induced spin-orbit effective magnetic fields in metal/ferromagnet/oxide trilayers provide a new way to manipulate the magnetization, which is an alternative to the conventional current induced spin transfer torque arising from noncollinear magnetization. Ta/CoFeB/MgO structures are expected to be useful for non...
1404.1130v1
2014-04-08
Ferromagnetic resonance spin pumping in CoFeB with highly resistive non-magnetic electrodes
The relative contribution of spin pumping and spin rectification from the ferromagnetic resonance of CoFeB/non-magnetic bilayers was investigated as a function of non-magnetic electrode resistance. Samples with highly resistive electrodes of Ta or Ti exhibit a stronger spin rectification signal, which may result in ove...
1404.1993v1
2014-05-02
Spin-orbit torque-driven magnetization switching and thermal effects studied in Ta\CoFeB\MgO nanowires
We demonstrate magnetization switching in out-of-plane magnetized Ta\CoFeB\MgO nanowires by current pulse injection along the nanowires, both with and without a constant and uniform magnetic field collinear to the current direction. We deduce that an effective torque arising from spin-orbit effects in the multilayer dr...
1405.0452v1
2014-05-08
Controlling boron redistribution in CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions during annealing by variation of cap layer materials and MgO deposition methods
Magnetic tunnel junctions with crystalline MgO tunnel barrier and amorphous CoFeB electrodes received much attention due to their high tunnel magneto resistance ratio at room temperature. One important parameter for achieving high tunnel magneto resistance ratios is to control the boron diffusion from the electrodes es...
1405.1907v1
2014-07-30
Room Temperature Spin Pumping in Topological Insulator Bi2Se3
Three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators are known for their strong spin-orbit coupling and the existence of spin-textured topological surface states which could be potentially exploited for spintronics. Here, we investigate spin pumping from a metallic ferromagnet (CoFeB) into a 3D topological insulator (Bi2Se3) ...
1407.7940v1
2014-11-18
Towards wafer scale inductive characterization of spin transfer torque critical current density of magnetic tunnel junction stacks
We explore the prospects of wafer scale inductive probing of the critical current density $j^{c0}$ for spin transfer torque switching of a CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junction with varying MgO thickness. From inductive measurements magnetostatic parameters and the effective damping are derived and $j^{c0}$ is calcu...
1411.4868v1
2015-04-25
Magnetic phase transitions in Ta/CoFeB/MgO multilayers
We study thin films and magnetic tunnel junction nanopillars based on Ta/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$/MgO multilayers by electrical transport and magnetometry measurements. These measurements suggest that an ultrathin magnetic oxide layer forms at the Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$/MgO interface. At approximately 160 K, the ...
1504.06716v1
2015-05-21
Resistance minimum and electrical conduction mechanism in polycrystalline CoFeB thin films
The temperature dependent resistance $R$($T$) of polycrystalline ferromagnetic CoFeB thin films of varying thickness are analyzed considering various electrical scattering processes. We observe a resistance minimum in $R$($T$) curves below $\simeq$ 29 K, which can be explained as an effect of intergranular Coulomb inte...
1505.05711v2
2015-08-04
Scanning Kerr microscopy of current induced switching in Ta/CoFeB/MgO films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Ta/CoFeB/MgO trilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are expected to play a key role in the next generation of current and electric field switched memory and logic devices. In this study we use Kerr microscopy alongside electrical transport measurement to gain insight into the underlying switching mechanisms o...
1508.00833v2
2015-10-16
Enhanced orbital magnetic moments in magnetic heterostructures with interface perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
We have studied the magnetic layer thickness dependence of the orbital magnetic moment in magnetic heterostructures to identify contributions from interfaces. Three different heterostructures, Ta/CoFeB/MgO, Pt/Co/AlO$_x$ and Pt/Co/Pt, which possess significant interface contribution to the perpendicular magnetic anisot...
1510.04756v1
2015-12-02
Dynamic cantilever magnetometry of individual CoFeB nanotubes
We investigate single CoFeB nanotubes with hexagonal cross-section using dynamic cantilever magnetometry (DCM). We develop both an analytical model based on the Stoner-Wohlfarth approximation and a broadly applicable numerical framework for analyzing DCM measurements of magnetic nanostructures. Magnetometry data show t...
1512.00621v1
2016-04-10
Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Pt/CoFeB films: effect of the heavy-metal thickness
We report the observation of a Pt layer thickness dependence on the induced interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in ultra-thin Pt($d_{\text{Pt}}$)/CoFeB films. Taking advantage of the large spin-orbit coupling of the heavy metal, the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is quantified by Brillouin ligh...
1604.02626v2
2016-04-14
THz-driven ultrafast spin-lattice scattering in amorphous metallic ferromagnets
We use single-cycle THz fields and the femtosecond magneto-optical Kerr effect to respectively excite and probe the magnetization dynamics in two thin-film ferromagnets with different lattice structure: crystalline Fe and amorphous CoFeB. We observe Landau-Lifshitz-torque magnetization dynamics of comparable magnitude ...
1604.04077v1
2016-04-26
Comparison of laser induced and intrinsic tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect in CoFeB/MgAl$_2$O$_4$ and CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions
We present a comparison of the tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect for laser induced and intrinsic heating. Therefore, Co$_{40}$Fe$_{40}$B$_{20}$/MgAl$_2$O$_4$ and Co$_{25}$Fe$_{55}$B$_{20}$/MgO magnetic tunnel junctions have been prepared. The TMS ratio of 3\,\% in case of the MAO MTJ agrees well with ratios found for other...
1604.07569v2
2016-05-23
Direct measurement of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in X/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures with a scanning-NV magnetometer
The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) has recently attracted considerable interest owing to its fundamental role in the stabilization of chiral spin textures in ultrathin ferromagnets, which are interesting candidates for future spintronic technologies. Here we employ a scanning nano-magnetometer based on a singl...
1605.07044v1
2016-07-21
Effect of annealing on the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Ta/CoFeB/MgO trilayers
The interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) has been shown to stabilize homochiral N\'eel-type domain walls in thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and as a result permit them to be propagated by a spin Hall torque. In this study, we demonstrate that in Ta/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$/MgO the DMI...
1607.06405v1
2017-07-26
Reorientable Spin Direction for Spin Current Produced by the Anomalous Hall Effect
We show experimentally that the spin direction of the spin current generated by spin-orbit interactions within a ferromagnetic layer can be reoriented by turning the magnetization direction of this layer. We do this by measuring the field-like component of spin-orbit torque generated by an exchange-biased FeGd thin fil...
1707.08631v1
2017-11-30
Domain Wall Motion Driven by Laplace Pressure in CoFeB-MgO Nanodots with Perpendicular Anisotropy
We have studied the magnetization reversal of CoFeB-MgO nanodots with perpendicular anisotropy for size ranging from w=400 nm to 1 {\mu}m. Contrary to previous experiments, the switching field distribution is shifted toward lower magnetic fields as the size of the elements is reduced with a mean switching field varying...
1711.11334v2
2018-03-08
CMOS compatible W/CoFeB/MgO spin Hall nano-oscillators with wide frequency tunability
We demonstrate low-operational-current W/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$/MgO spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) on highly resistive silicon (HiR-Si) substrates. Thanks to a record high spin Hall angle of the $\beta$-phase W ($\theta_{SH}$ = -0.53), a very low threshold current density of 3.3 $\times$ 10$^{7}$ A/cm$^2$ can b...
1803.03032v1
2018-06-13
Enhanced Spin-Orbit Torques and Magnetization Switching through Interface Engineering
The origin of spin-orbit torques generated from the conversion of charge-to-spin currents is of considerable debate. Solid understanding of the physics behind is key to the development of current and voltage controlled switching dynamics in ultrathin heterostuctures. The field free switching observed recently (Phys. Re...
1806.05163v1
2018-06-20
Domain wall resistance in CoFeB-based heterostructures with interface Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
We have studied the domain wall resistance in W/Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures. The Ta layer thickness is varied to control the type of domain walls via changes in the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interaction. We find a nearly constant domain wall resistance against the Ta layer thickness. Adding contributions from...
1806.07750v1
2018-11-13
Spin-orbit torques acting upon a perpendicularly-magnetized Py layer
We show that Py, a commonly-used soft ferromagnetic material with weak anisotropy, can become perpendicularly-magnetized while depositing on Ta buffer layer with Hf or Zr insertion layers (ILs) and MgO capping layer. By using two different approaches, namely harmonic voltage measurement and hysteresis loop shift measur...
1811.05164v1
2017-04-01
Thermally nucleated magnetic reversal in CoFeB/MgO nanodots
Power consumption is the main limitation in the development of new high performance random access memory for portable electronic devices. Magnetic RAM (MRAM) with CoFeB/MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) is a promising candidate for reducing the power consumption given its non-volatile nature while achieveing h...
1704.00106v1
2017-05-13
Tuning the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, spin Hall switching current density and domain wall velocity by submonolayer insertion in Ta / CoFeB / MgO heterostructures
By submonolayer insertion of Au, Pt, or Pd into Ta / CoFeB / MgO / Ta heterostructures we tune the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the coercive field of the ferromagnetic layer. We demonstrate that this has a major influence on the spin Hall switching current density and its dependence on the external magnetic fi...
1705.04800v1
2019-10-17
Planar Hall driven torque in a FM/NM/FM system
An important goal of spintronics is to covert a charge current into a spin current with a controlled spin polarization that can exert torques on an adjacent magnetic layer. Here we demonstrate such torques in a two ferromagnet system. A CoNi multilayer is used as a spin current source in a sample with structure CoNi/Au...
1910.08039v1
2019-06-14
Mechanisms of FMR line broadening in CoFeB-LiNbO$_3$ granular films in the vicinity of metal-insulator transition
Metal-insulator (CoFeB)$_x$(LiNbO$_3$)$_{100-x}$ nanocomposite films with different content of the ferromagnetic (FM) phase $x$ are investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique. A strong change of the FMR line shape is observed in the vicinity of metal-insulator transition (MIT) of the film, where the hoppin...
1906.06320v2
2020-04-03
Modulation of field-like spin orbit torque in heavy metal / ferromagnet heterostructure
Recent studies rediscovered the crucial role of field-like spin orbit torque (SOT) in nanosecond-timescale SOT dynamics. However, there is not yet an effective way to control its relative amplitude. Here, we experimentally modulate the field-like SOT in W/CoFeB/MgO trilayers through tuning the interfacial spin accumula...
2004.01357v1
2020-04-29
Terahertz Emission From an Exchange-Coupled Synthetic Antiferromagnet
We report on terahertz emission from FeMnPt/Ru/FeMnPt and Pt/CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB/Pt synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) structures upon irradiation by a femtosecond laser; the former is via the anomalous Hall effect, whereas the latter is through the inverse spin Hall effect. The antiparallel alignment of the two ferromagnetic ...
2004.14128v1
2020-05-11
Improving thermal stability of MnN/CoFeB exchange bias systems by optimizing the Ta buffer layer
We investigated the influence of the Ta buffer layer on the thermal stability of polycrystalline Ta/ MnN/ CoFeB exchange bias systems, showing high exchange bias of about 1800 Oe at room temperature. The thermal stability of those trilayer systems is limited by nitrogen diffusion that occurs during annealing processes....
2005.05166v1
2017-02-24
Giant perpendicular exchange bias with antiferromagnetic MnN
We investigated an out-of-plane exchange bias system that is based on the antiferromagnet MnN. Polycrystalline, highly textured film stacks of Ta / MnN / CoFeB / MgO / Ta were grown on SiO$_x$ by (reactive) magnetron sputtering and studied by x-ray diffraction and Kerr magnetometry. Nontrivial modifications of the exch...
1702.07538v2
2019-05-22
Reduced Exchange Interactions in Magnetic Tunnel Junction Free Layers with Insertion Layers
Perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB layers with ultra-thin non-magnetic insertion layers are very widely used as the electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions for spin transfer magnetic random access memory devices. Exchange interactions play a critical role in determining the thermal stability of magnetic states in such de...
1905.09329v1
2019-08-06
Superparamagnetic dwell times and tuning of switching rates in perpendicular CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB tunnel junctions
Thin electrodes of magnetic tunnel junctions can show superparamagnetism at surprisingly low temperature. We analysed their thermally induced switching for varying temperature, magnetic and electric field. Although the dwell times follow an Arrhenius law, they are orders of magnitude too small compared to a model of si...
1908.02139v3
2019-09-06
Effect of Tantalum spacer thickness and deposition conditions on the properties of MgO/CoFeB/Ta/CoFeB/MgO free layers
To get stable perpendicularly magnetized tunnel junctions at small device dimensions, composite free layers that comprise two MgO/FeCoB interfaces as sources of interface anisotropy are generally used. Proper cristallisation and annealing robustness is typically ensured by the insertion of a spacer layer of the early t...
1909.02741v1
2020-02-16
Electric-field control of spin-orbit torques in perpendicularly magnetized W/CoFeB/MgO films
Controlling magnetism by electric fields offers a highly attractive perspective for designing future generations of energy-efficient information technologies. Here, we demonstrate that the magnitude of current-induced spin-orbit torques in thin perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB films can be tuned and even increased by e...
2002.06578v1
2020-10-31
Effect of spin glass frustration on exchange bias in NiMn/CoFeB bilayers
Exchange bias in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems can be explained in terms of various interfacial phenomena. Among these spin glass frustration can affect the magnetic properties in exchange bias systems. Here we have studied a NiMn/CoFeB exchange bias system in which spin glass frustration seems to play a cruc...
2011.00188v1
2021-01-18
Magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque from Co2MnGa magnetic Weyl semimetal thin films
This study reports the magnetization switching induced by spin-orbit torque (SOT) from the spin current generated in Co2MnGa magnetic Weyl semimetal (WSM) thin films. We deposited epitaxial Co2MnGa thin films with highly B2-ordered structure on MgO(001) substrates. The SOT was characterized by harmonic Hall measurement...
2101.06881v1
2021-02-07
Spinterface Induced Modification in Magnetic Properties in Co40Fe40B20/Fullerene Bilayers
Organic semiconductor/ferromagnetic bilayer thin films can exhibit novel properties due to the formation of the spinterface at the interface. Buckminsterfullerene (C60) has been shown to exhibit ferromagnetism at the interface when it is placed next to a ferromagnet (FM) such as Fe or Co. Formation of spinterface occur...
2102.03914v4
2021-05-06
Interfacial and bulk spin Hall contributions to field-like spin-orbit torque generated by Iridium
We present measurements of spin orbit torques generated by Ir as a function of film thickness in sputtered Ir/CoFeB and Ir/Co samples. We find that Ir provides a damping-like component of spin orbit torque with a maximum spin torque conductivity 1.4e5 in SI unit and a maximum spin-torque efficiency of 0.04, which is su...
2105.02787v1
2021-06-04
Driving skyrmions with low threshold current density in Pt/CoFeB thin film
Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable spin swirling particle like entities which are appealing for next generation spintronic devices. The expected low critical current density for the motion of skyrmions makes them potential candidates for future energy efficient electronic devices. Several heavy metal/ferromagn...
2106.02407v3
2021-08-16
Highly fcc-textured Pt-Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) showing enhanced spin Hall efficiency
We report on a systematic comparative study of the spin Hall efficiency between highly face-centered cubic (fcc)-textured Pt-Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) and poorly-crystallized Pt-Al alloy films grown on SiO$_2$. Using CoFeB as the detector, we show that for Al compositions centering around $x = 25$, mainly L1$_{2...
2108.06927v1
2021-08-23
Reconfigurable 3D magnonic crystal: tunable and localized spin-wave excitations in CoFeB meander-shaped film
In this work, we study experimentally by broadband ferromagnetic resonance measurements, the dependence of the spin-wave excitation spectra on the magnetic applied field in CoFeB meander-shaped films. Two different orientations of the external magnetic field were explored, namely parallel or perpendicular to the lattic...
2108.10232v1
2021-11-16
Energy-efficient W$_{\text{100-x}}$Ta$_{\text{x}}$/CoFeB/MgO spin Hall nano-oscillators
We investigate a W-Ta alloying route to reduce the auto-oscillation current densities and the power consumption of nano-constriction based spin Hall nano oscillators. Using spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements on microbars of W$_{\text{100-x}}$Ta$_{\text{x}}$(5 nm)/CoFeB(t)/MgO stacks with t = 1.4,...
2111.08627v1
2021-12-23
Electric-field-induced parametric excitation of exchange magnons in a CoFeB/MgO junction
Electric-field controlled magnetization dynamics is an important integrant in low power spintronic devices. In this letter, we demonstrate electric-field induced parametric excitation for CoFeB/MgO junctions by using interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy. When the in-plane magnetic anisotropy and the external magnet...
2112.12308v2
2022-03-17
Symmetry effects on the static and dynamic properties of coupled magnetic oscillators
The effect of symmetry on the resonance spectra of antiferromagnetically coupled oscillators has attracted new interest with the discovery of symmetry-breaking induced anti-crossings. Here, we experimentally characterise the resonance spectrum of a synthetic antiferromagnet Pt/CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB/Pt, where we are able to in...
2204.01490v1
2022-04-25
Ab-initio study of magneto-ionic mechanisms in ferromagnet/oxide multilayers
The application of gate voltages in heavy metal/ferromagnet/Oxide multilayer stacks has been identified as one possible candidate to manipulate their anisotropy at will. However, this method has proven to show a wide variety of behaviours in terms of reversibility, depending on the nature of the metal/oxide interface a...
2204.11699v1
2022-06-21
Extrinsic tunnel Hall effect in CoFeB/MgO/Pt junctions
The Hall effect that occurs when current flows through a CoFeB/MgO/Pt tunnel junction is investigated. It is shown that the transverse voltage in Pt electrode is nonlinear on a DC voltage applied to the tunnel junction. It has both linear (odd) and quadratic (even) parts. The linear part contains well-known contributio...
2206.10264v1
2023-06-08
Unidirectionality of spin waves in Synthetic Antiferromagnets
We study the frequency non-reciprocity of the spin waves in symmetric CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB synthetic antiferromagnets stacks set in the scissors state by in-plane applied fields. Using a combination of Brillouin Light Scattering and propagating spin wave spectroscopy experiments, we show that the acoustical spin waves in syn...
2306.05259v2
2024-03-13
Theoretical limits of magnetic detection of structural surface defects at the nanometer scale
We present a theoretical study on the magnetic signals of structural surface defects like cracks or indents combined with rough surfaces or subsurface inclusions of soft ferromagnetic metals like body-centered cubic Fe or amorphous CoFeB. We discuss limits of early detection of small surface defects on the basis of cal...
2403.08412v1
2005-10-18
Domain imaging, MOKE and magnetoresistance studies of CoFeB films for MRAM applications
We present a detailed study on domain imaging, Kerr effect magnetometry (MOKE) and magnetoresistance (MR), for a series of 20 nm Co$_{73.8}$Fe$_{16.2}$B$_{10}$ thin films, both as-deposited (amorphous) and annealed (crystalline). By considering the two different (orthogonal) in-plane magnetization components, obtained ...
0510479v2
2014-05-05
On/off switching of bit readout in bias-enhanced tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect
Thermoelectric effects in magnetic tunnel junctions are currently an attractive research topic. Here, we demonstrate that the tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect (TMS) in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB tunnel junctions can be switched on to a logic 1 state and off to 0 by simply changing the magnetic state of the CoFeB electrodes. We enabl...
1405.1064v1
2020-05-08
Nanoscale Spin Injector Driven by a Microwave Voltage
We propose an electrically driven spin injector into normal metals and semiconductors, which is based on a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) subjected to a microwave voltage. Efficient functioning of such an injector is provided by electrically induced magnetization precession in the "free" layer of MTJ, which generates t...
2005.03896v1
2019-12-08
Thermal Conductivity of Oxide Tunnel Barriers in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Measured by Ultrafast Thermoreflectance and Magneto-optic Kerr Effect Thermometry
Spin-dependent charge transport in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) can be manipulated by a temperature gradient, which can be utilized for spintronic and spin caloritronic applications. Evaluation of the thermally induced phenomena requires knowledge of the temperature differences across the oxide tunnel barrier adjac...
1912.03588v1
2021-06-18
Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Ta/CoFeB/MgO on full coverage monolayer MoS2 and first principle study of its electronic structure
Perpendicularly magnetized spin injector with high Curie temperature is a prerequisite for developing spin optoelectronic devices on 2D materials working at room temperature (RT) with zero applied magnetic field. Here, we report the growth of Ta/CoFeB/MgO structures with a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) ...
2106.10317v1
2022-10-20
Ultrafast behavior of induced and intrinsic magnetic moments in CoFeB/Pt bilayers probed by element-specific measurements in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range
The ultrafast and element-specific response of magnetic systems containing ferromagnetic 3d transition metals and 4d/5d heavy metals is of interest both from a fundamental as well as an applied research perspective. However, to date no consensus about the main microscopic processes describing the interplay between intr...
2210.11390v3
2009-08-17
The superferromagnetic state in the ensemble of oriented Stoner-Wohlfarth particles: a coercivity due to phase stability
It is observed experimentally that the coercive field has an anomalous angular dependence at temperatures above the blocking temperature in physically nonpercolated granular films CoFeB-SiO$_{2}$ with anisotropic granules oriented in the same direction. It is shown that the anomaly is determined by the singularity of a...
0908.2286v1
2014-04-04
Electrical detection of microwave assisted magnetization reversal by spin pumping
Microwave assisted magnetization reversal has been investigated in a bilayer system of Pt/ferromagnet by detecting a change in the polarity of the spin pumping signal. The reversal process is studied in two material systems, Pt/CoFeB and Pt/NiFe, for different aspect ratios. The onset of the switching behavior is indic...
1404.1133v1
2014-04-04
Thermally assisted domain wall nucleation in perpendicular anisotropy trilayer nanowires
We study thermally assisted domain wall generation in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy CoFeB trilayer nanowires by the effect of Joule heating. The anomalous Hall effect is utilized to detect magnetization reversal in order to study the domain wall generation. We observe a statistical distribution in the switching pro...
1404.1135v1
2014-05-14
Generation of magnonic spin wave traps
Spatially resolved measurements of the magnetization dynamics induced by an intense laser pump-pulse reveal that the frequencies of resulting spin wave modes depend strongly on the distance to the pump center. This can be attributed to a laser generated temperature profile. On a CoFeB thin film magnonic crystal, Damon-...
1405.3470v1
2017-01-06
Imaging magnetic vortex configurations in ferromagnetic nanotubes
We image the remnant magnetization configurations of CoFeB and permalloy nanotubes (NTs) using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photo-emission electron microscopy. The images provide direct evidence for flux-closure configurations, including a global vortex state, in which magnetization points circumferentially around...
1701.01685v1