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2022-04-19
Higher-order modulations in the skyrmion-lattice phase of Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$
Using small angle neutron scattering, we have investigated higher-order peaks in the skyrmion-lattice phase of Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$, in which two different skyrmion lattices, SkX1 and SkX2, are known to form. For each skyrmion-lattice phase, we observed two sets of symmetrically inequivalent peaks at the higher-order-reflect...
2204.08614v1
2022-04-19
Emu: A Case Study for TDI-like Imaging for Infrared Observation from Space
A wide-field zenith-looking telescope operating in a mode similar to Time-Delay-Integration (TDI) or drift scan imaging can perform an infrared sky survey without active pointing control but it requires a high-speed, low-noise infrared detector. Operating from a hosted payload platform on the International Space Statio...
2204.08713v2
2022-05-05
Photon emissivity of the quark-gluon plasma: a lattice QCD analysis of the transverse channel
We present results for the thermal photon emissivity of the quark-gluon plasma derived from spatially transverse vector correlators computed in lattice QCD at a temperature of 250 MeV. The analysis of the spectral functions, performed at fixed spatial momentum, is based on continuum-extrapolated correlators obtained wi...
2205.02821v1
2022-05-17
Highlighting relations between Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty principle, Phase space and Microstates
Wave-particle duality is often considered as the modern answer to the problem of the nature of light after more than 2000 years of questioning. It is also the answer given by quantum physics concerning the nature of matter particles and any other radiations. The main objective of this work is to analyze the relations t...
2205.08538v4
2022-05-26
New Explicit Good Linear Sum-Rank-Metric Codes
Sum-rank-metric codes have wide applications in universal error correction, multishot network coding, space-time coding and the construction of partial-MDS codes for repair in distributed storage. Fundamental properties of sum-rank-metric codes have been studied and some explicit or probabilistic constructions of good ...
2205.13087v8
2022-06-17
Multi-scale Super-resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging with Adjustable Sharpness
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is a valuable tool for studying metabolic activities in the human body, but the current applications are limited to low spatial resolutions. The existing deep learning-based MRSI super-resolution methods require training a separate network for each upscaling factor, which...
2206.08984v1
2022-06-20
How to Assess Trustworthy AI in Practice
This report is a methodological reflection on Z-Inspection$^{\small{\circledR}}$. Z-Inspection$^{\small{\circledR}}$ is a holistic process used to evaluate the trustworthiness of AI-based technologies at different stages of the AI lifecycle. It focuses, in particular, on the identification and discussion of ethical iss...
2206.09887v2
2022-06-23
LRPC codes with multiple syndromes: near ideal-size KEMs without ideals
We introduce a new rank-based key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) with public key and ciphertext sizes around 3.5 Kbytes each, for 128 bits of security, without using ideal structures. Such structures allow to compress objects, but give reductions to specific problems whose security is potentially weaker than for unstruc...
2206.11961v1
2022-07-08
Rate-Optimal Streaming Codes Over the Three-Node Decode-And-Forward Relay Network
In this paper, we study the three-node Decode-and-Forward (D&F) relay network subject to random and burst packet erasures. The source wishes to transmit an infinite stream of packets to the destination via the relay. The three-node D&F relay network is constrained by a decoding delay of T packets, i.e., the packet tran...
2207.04025v2
2022-07-12
Diversity of ghost notes in tubas, euphoniums and saxhorns
The ghost note is a natural note which can be played exclusively on bass brass instruments with a predominantly-expanding bore profile such as tubas, euphoniums or saxhorns. It stands between the pedal note-the lowest natural note playable, or first regime-and the instrument's second regime. However, if the interval be...
2207.05395v3
2022-07-20
Flow-based Visual Quality Enhancer for Super-resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is an essential tool for quantifying metabolites in the body, but the low spatial resolution limits its clinical applications. Deep learning-based super-resolution methods provided promising results for improving the spatial resolution of MRSI, but the super-resolved imag...
2207.10181v1
2022-07-24
Contention Resolution for Coded Radio Networks
Randomized backoff protocols, such as exponential backoff, are a powerful tool for managing access to a shared resource, often a wireless communication channel (e.g., [1]). For a wireless device to transmit successfully, it uses a backoff protocol to ensure exclusive access to the channel. Modern radios, however, do no...
2207.11824v1
2022-07-25
Control of dephasing in spin qubits during coherent transport in silicon
One of the key pathways towards scalability of spin-based quantum computing systems lies in achieving long-range interactions between electrons and increasing their inter-connectivity. Coherent spin transport is one of the most promising strategies to achieve this architectural advantage. Experimental results have prev...
2207.11865v2
2022-07-29
Orthogonal Spin Current Injected Magnetic Tunnel Junction for Convolutional Neural Networks
We propose that a spin Hall effect driven magnetic tunnel junction device can be engineered to provide a continuous change in the resistance across it when injected with orthogonal spin currents. Using this concept, we develop a hybrid device-circuit simulation platform to design a network that realizes multiple functi...
2207.14603v3
2022-08-09
Good locally repairable codes via propagation rules
In classical coding theory, it is common to construct new codes via propagation rules. There are various propagation rules to construct classical block codes. However, propagation rules have not been extensively explored for constructions of locally repairable codes. In this paper, we introduce a few propagation rules ...
2208.04484v1
2022-08-10
Forward volume magnetoacoustic spin wave excitation with micron-scale spatial resolution
The interaction between surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and spin waves (SWs) in a piezoelectric-magnetic thin film heterostructure yields potential for the realization of novel microwave devices and applications in magnonics. In the present work, we characterize magnetoacoustic waves in three adjacent magnetic micro-stri...
2208.05205v1
2022-08-29
Programmable photonic integrated meshes for modular generation of optical entanglement links
Large-scale generation of quantum entanglement between individually controllable qubits is at the core of quantum computing, communications, and sensing. Modular architectures of remotely-connected quantum technologies have been proposed for a variety of physical qubits, with demonstrations reported in atomic and all-p...
2208.13911v1
2022-09-15
Almost Ramanujan Expanders from Arbitrary Expanders via Operator Amplification
We give an efficient algorithm that transforms any bounded degree expander graph into another that achieves almost optimal (namely, near-quadratic, $d \leq 1/\lambda^{2+o(1)}$) trade-off between (any desired) spectral expansion $\lambda$ and degree $d$. Furthermore, the algorithm is local: every vertex can compute its ...
2209.07024v1
2022-09-15
An analytical study of the MHD clamshell instability on a sphere
This paper studies the instability of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) systems on a sphere using analytical methods. The underlying flow consists of a zonal differential rotation and a toroidal magnetic field is present. Semicircle rules that prescribe the possible domain of the wave velocity in the complex pl...
2209.07349v1
2022-09-15
$\tilde{O}(n+\mathrm{poly}(k))$-time Algorithm for Bounded Tree Edit Distance
Computing the edit distance of two strings is one of the most basic problems in computer science and combinatorial optimization. Tree edit distance is a natural generalization of edit distance in which the task is to compute a measure of dissimilarity between two (unweighted) rooted trees with node labels. Perhaps the ...
2209.07524v1
2022-09-23
Multiplexed control of spin quantum memories in a photonic circuit
A central goal in many quantum information processing applications is a network of quantum memories that can be entangled with each other while being individually controlled and measured with high fidelity. This goal has motivated the development of programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with integrated spin ...
2209.11853v2
2022-09-26
A detailed star formation history for the extremely diffuse Andromeda XIX dwarf galaxy
We present deep imaging of the ultra-diffuse Andromeda XIX dwarf galaxy from the Advance Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope which resolves its stellar populations to below the oldest main sequence turn-off. We derive a full star formation history for the galaxy using MATCH, and find no evidence of star fo...
2209.12912v1
2022-10-06
Scalable photonic integrated circuits for programmable control of atomic systems
Advances in laser technology have driven discoveries in atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics and emerging applications, from quantum computers with cold atoms or ions, to quantum networks with solid-state color centers. This progress is motivating the development of a new generation of "programmable optical con...
2210.03100v2
2022-10-10
Andreev processes in mesoscopic multi-terminal graphene Josephson junctions
There is growing interest in using multi-terminal Josephson junctions (MTJJs) as a platform to artificially emulate topological phases and to investigate complex superconducting mechanisms such as quartet and multiplet Cooper pairings. Current experimental signatures in MTJJs have led to conflicting interpretations of ...
2210.04408v3
2022-10-10
Infrared Remote Sensing Using Low Noise Avalanche Photodiode Detector
For a remote sensing optical payload to achieve a Ground Sampling Distance of ~ 10-30 m, a critical problem is platform-induced motion blur. While forward motion compensation can reduce this transit speed, it comes at the expense of a more challenging satellite attitude control system and induces a variable observation...
2210.04770v1
2022-10-17
On construction of quantum codes with dual-containing quasi-cyclic codes
One of the main objectives of quantum error-correction theory is to construct quantum codes with optimal parameters and properties. In this paper, we propose a class of 2-generator quasi-cyclic codes and study their applications in the construction of quantum codes over small fields. Firstly, some sufficient conditions...
2210.08716v1
2022-10-18
Intense γ-photon and high-energy electron production by neutron irradiation: effects of nuclear excitations on reactor materials
The effects of neutron irradiation on materials are often interpreted in terms of atomic recoils, initiated by neutron impacts and producing crystal lattice defects. In addition, there is a remarkable two-step process, strongly pronounced in the medium-weight and heavy elements. This process involves the generation of ...
2210.09667v2
2022-11-06
A framework for leveraging machine learning tools to estimate personalized survival curves
The conditional survival function of a time-to-event outcome subject to censoring and truncation is a common target of estimation in survival analysis. This parameter may be of scientific interest and also often appears as a nuisance in nonparametric and semiparametric problems. In addition to classical parametric and ...
2211.03031v4
2022-11-14
High-resolution single-shot spiral diffusion-weighted imaging at 7T using expanded encoding with compressed sensing
Purpose: The expanded encoding model incorporates spatially- and time-varying field perturbations for correction during reconstruction. So far, these reconstructions have used the conjugate gradient method with early stopping used as implicit regularization. However, this approach is likely suboptimal for low-SNR cases...
2211.07532v1
2022-11-17
On universal butterfly and antisymmetric magnetoresistances
Butterfly magnetoresistance (BMR) and antisymmetric magnetoresistance (ASMR) are about a butterfly-cross curve and a curve with one peak and one valley when a magnetic field is swept up and down along a fixed direction. Other than the parallelogram-shaped magnetoresistance-curve (MR-curve) often observed in magnetic me...
2211.09369v1
2022-12-22
Photon production rate from Transverse-Longitudinal ($T-L$) mesonic correlator on the lattice
Thermal photons from the QGP provide important information about the interaction among plasma constituents. The photon production rate from a thermally equilibrated system is proportional to the transverse spectral function $\rho_T(\omega=|\vec k|, \vec k)$. One can also calculate the photon production rate from the di...
2212.11509v2
2023-01-12
Incremental Dead State Detection in Logarithmic Time
Identifying live and dead states in an abstract transition system is a recurring problem in formal verification; for example, it arises in our recent work on efficiently deciding regex constraints in SMT. However, state-of-the-art graph algorithms for maintaining reachability information incrementally (that is, as stat...
2301.05308v2
2023-01-23
Correction of high-order phase variation effects in dynamic field monitoring
Purpose: Field monitoring measures field perturbations, which can be accounted for during image reconstructions. In certain field monitoring environments, significant phase deviations can arise far from isocenter due to the finite extent of the gradient and/or main magnet. This can degrade the accuracy of field dynamic...
2301.09726v1
2023-02-07
Computational capability for physical reservoir computing using a spin-torque oscillator with two free layers
A numerical analysis on the computational capability of physical reservoir computing utilizing a spin-torque oscillator with two free layers is reported. Conventional spintronics devices usually consist of two ferromagnets, where the direction of magnetization in one layer, called the free layer, can move while that of...
2302.03769v1
2023-02-13
Ultra-bright single photon source based on an atomically thin material
Solid-state single photon sources are central building blocks in quantum communication networks and on-chip quantum information processing. Atomically thin crystals were established as possible candidates to emit non-classical states of light, however, the performance of monolayer-based single photon sources has so far...
2302.06340v1
2023-02-21
A Prompt Pattern Catalog to Enhance Prompt Engineering with ChatGPT
Prompt engineering is an increasingly important skill set needed to converse effectively with large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT. Prompts are instructions given to an LLM to enforce rules, automate processes, and ensure specific qualities (and quantities) of generated output. Prompts are also a form of progr...
2302.11382v1
2023-03-11
Power efficient ReLU design for neuromorphic computing using spin Hall effect
We demonstrate a magnetic tunnel junction injected with spin Hall current to exhibit linear rotation of magnetization of the free-ferromagnet using only the spin current. Using the linear resistance change of the MTJ, we devise a circuit for the rectified linear activation (ReLU) function of the artificial neuron. We e...
2303.06463v1
2023-03-28
Optimal Scheduling Policies for Remote Estimation of Autoregressive Markov Processes over Time-Correlated Fading Channel
We consider the problem of transmission scheduling for the remote estimation of a discrete-time autoregressive Markov process that is driven by white Gaussian noise. A sensor observes this process, and then decides to either encode the current state of this process into a data packet and attempts to transmit it to the ...
2303.16285v1
2023-04-14
Study on Soft Robotic Pinniped Locomotion
Legged locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs of soft-limbed robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and navigate through tight spaces. These robots have the potential to be used for various...
2304.06945v1
2023-04-19
Local object crop collision network for efficient simulation of non-convex objects in GPU-based simulators
Our goal is to develop an efficient contact detection algorithm for large-scale GPU-based simulation of non-convex objects. Current GPU-based simulators such as IsaacGym and Brax must trade-off speed with fidelity, generality, or both when simulating non-convex objects. Their main issue lies in contact detection (CD): ...
2304.09439v2
2023-04-25
Semantic Compression With Large Language Models
The rise of large language models (LLMs) is revolutionizing information retrieval, question answering, summarization, and code generation tasks. However, in addition to confidently presenting factually inaccurate information at times (known as "hallucinations"), LLMs are also inherently limited by the number of input a...
2304.12512v1
2023-04-28
Optimal majority rules and quantitative Condorcet properties of setwise Kemeny voting schemes
The important Kemeny problem, which consists of computing median consensus rankings of an election with respect to the Kemeny voting rule, admits important applications in biology and computational social choice and was generalized recently via an interesting setwise approach by Gilbert et. al. Our first results establ...
2304.14980v1
2023-05-25
Packaging code for reproducible research in the public sector
The effective and ethical use of data to inform decision-making offers huge value to the public sector, especially when delivered by transparent, reproducible, and robust data processing workflows. One way that governments are unlocking this value is through making their data publicly available, allowing more people an...
2305.16205v1
2023-05-25
COMPLETE: A flagship mission for complete understanding of 3D coronal magnetic energy release
COMPLETE is a flagship mission concept combining broadband spectroscopic imaging and comprehensive magnetography from multiple viewpoints around the Sun to enable tomographic reconstruction of 3D coronal magnetic fields and associated dynamic plasma properties, which provide direct diagnostics of energy release. COMPLE...
2305.16533v1
2023-05-25
Magnetic Energy Powers the Corona: How We Can Understand its 3D Storage & Release
The coronal magnetic field is the prime driver behind many as-yet unsolved mysteries: solar eruptions, coronal heating, and the solar wind, to name a few. It is, however, still poorly observed and understood. We highlight key questions related to magnetic energy storage, release, and transport in the solar corona, and ...
2305.17146v1
2023-05-27
Optimization's Neglected Normative Commitments
Optimization is offered as an objective approach to resolving complex, real-world decisions involving uncertainty and conflicting interests. It drives business strategies as well as public policies and, increasingly, lies at the heart of sophisticated machine learning systems. A paradigm used to approach potentially hi...
2305.17465v2
2023-05-30
Hardness of Approximation in PSPACE and Separation Results for Pebble Games
We consider the pebble game on DAGs with bounded fan-in introduced in [Paterson and Hewitt '70] and the reversible version of this game in [Bennett '89], and study the question of how hard it is to decide exactly or approximately the number of pebbles needed for a given DAG in these games. We prove that the problem of ...
2305.19104v1
2023-06-01
Every Bit Counts in Consensus
Consensus enables n processes to agree on a common valid L-bit value, despite t < n/3 processes being faulty and acting arbitrarily. A long line of work has been dedicated to improving the worst-case communication complexity of consensus in partial synchrony. This has recently culminated in the worst-case word complexi...
2306.00431v2
2023-06-12
Accountability Infrastructure: How to implement limits on platform optimization to protect population health
Attention capitalism has generated design processes and product development decisions that prioritize platform growth over all other considerations. To the extent limits have been placed on these incentives, interventions have primarily taken the form of content moderation. While moderation is important for what we cal...
2306.07443v1
2023-06-16
Microlayer in nucleate boiling seen as Landau-Levich film with dewetting and evaporation
Both experimental and theoretical studies on the microscale and fast physical phenomena occurring during the growth of vapor bubbles in nucleate pool boiling are reported. The focus is on the liquid film of micrometric thickness (``microlayer'') that can form between the heater and the liquid-vapor interface of a bubbl...
2306.09838v1
2023-06-20
High frequency oscillations in spin-torque nano oscillator due to bilinear coupling
Exchange coupling in an interfacial context is crucial for spin-torque nano oscillator (STNO) that consists of a non-magnetic spacer which is alloyed with a ferromagnetic material. Currently, investigations on the dynamics of the free layer magnetization and frequency enhancement in the STNO with bilinear coupling are ...
2306.11415v1
2023-06-20
Convolutional neural networks for large-scale dynamical modeling of itinerant magnets
Complex spin textures in itinerant electron magnets hold promises for next-generation memory and information technology. The long-ranged and often frustrated electron-mediated spin interactions in these materials give rise to intriguing localized spin structures such as skyrmions. Yet, simulations of magnetization dyna...
2306.11833v1
2023-06-29
Relaxed Local Correctability from Local Testing
We construct the first asymptotically good relaxed locally correctable codes with polylogarithmic query complexity, bringing the upper bound polynomially close to the lower bound of Gur and Lachish (SICOMP 2021). Our result follows from showing that a high-rate locally testable code can boost the block length of a smal...
2306.17035v2
2023-07-13
Words are not Wind -- How Joint Commitment and Reputation Solve Social Dilemmas, without Repeated Interactions or Enforcement by Third Parties
Joint commitment was argued to "make our social world" (Gilbert, 2014) and to separate us from other primates. 'Joint' entails that neither of us promises anything, unless the other promises as well. When we need to coordinate for the best mutual outcome, any commitment is beneficial. However, when we are tempted to fr...
2307.06898v1
2023-07-18
Multi-Stage Cable Routing through Hierarchical Imitation Learning
We study the problem of learning to perform multi-stage robotic manipulation tasks, with applications to cable routing, where the robot must route a cable through a series of clips. This setting presents challenges representative of complex multi-stage robotic manipulation scenarios: handling deformable objects, closin...
2307.08927v5
2023-07-20
Fallout from U.S. atmospheric nuclear tests in New Mexico and Nevada (1945-1962)
One hundred and one atmospheric nuclear weapon tests were conducted between 1945 and 1962 in the United States, resulting in widespread dispersion of radioactive fallout, and leading to environmental contamination and population exposures. Accurate assessment of the extent of fallout from nuclear weapon tests has been ...
2307.11040v1
2023-07-23
Characterizing non-Markovian Quantum Process by Fast Bayesian Tomography
To push gate performance to levels beyond the thresholds for quantum error correction, it is important to characterize the error sources occurring on quantum gates. However, the characterization of non-Markovian error poses a challenge to current quantum process tomography techniques. Fast Bayesian Tomography (FBT) is ...
2307.12452v2
2023-07-27
Open Problems and Fundamental Limitations of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a technique for training AI systems to align with human goals. RLHF has emerged as the central method used to finetune state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs). Despite this popularity, there has been relatively little public work systematizing its flaws. In thi...
2307.15217v2
2023-08-03
Predicting Ki67, ER, PR, and HER2 Statuses from H&E-stained Breast Cancer Images
Despite the advances in machine learning and digital pathology, it is not yet clear if machine learning methods can accurately predict molecular information merely from histomorphology. In a quest to answer this question, we built a large-scale dataset (185538 images) with reliable measurements for Ki67, ER, PR, and HE...
2308.01982v1
2023-08-06
Unravelling metallic contaminants in complex polyimide heterostructures using deep ultraviolet spectroscopic ellipsometry
Metallic contaminants in complex heterostructures are important topics due to their significant roles in determining physical properties as well as device performance. Heterostructures of polyimide via on Al pad and Cu redistribution layer (RDL) on polyimide have shown exotic properties and are important for advanced s...
2308.03015v1
2023-08-14
Nanoelectromechanical control of spin-photon interfaces in a hybrid quantum system on chip
Atom-like defects or color centers (CC's) in nanostructured diamond are a leading platform for optically linked quantum technologies, with recent advances including memory-enhanced quantum communication, multi-node quantum networks, and spin-mediated generation of photonic cluster states. Scaling to practically useful ...
2308.07161v1
2023-08-23
MOFO: MOtion FOcused Self-Supervision for Video Understanding
Self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques have recently produced outstanding results in learning visual representations from unlabeled videos. Despite the importance of motion in supervised learning techniques for action recognition, SSL methods often do not explicitly consider motion information in videos. To address ...
2308.12447v2
2023-08-25
Thermal effect on microwave pulse driven magnetization switching of Stoner particle
Recently it has been demonstrated that the cosine chirp microwave pulse (CCMP) is capable of achieving fast and energy-efficient magnetization-reversal of a nanoparticle with zero-Temperature. However, we investigate the finite temperature, $T$ effect on the CCMP-driven magnetization reversal using the framework of the...
2308.13124v1
2023-09-04
Impact of electrostatic crosstalk on spin qubits in dense CMOS quantum dot arrays
Quantum processors based on integrated nanoscale silicon spin qubits are a promising platform for highly scalable quantum computation. Current CMOS spin qubit processors consist of dense gate arrays to define the quantum dots, making them susceptible to crosstalk from capacitive coupling between a dot and its neighbour...
2309.01849v1
2023-09-05
Connectivity and interference in device-to-device networks in Poisson-Voronoi cities
To study the overall connectivity in device-to-device networks in cities, we incorporate a signal-to-interference-plus-noise connectivity model into a Poisson-Voronoi tessellation model representing the streets of a city. Relays are located at crossroads (or street intersections), whereas (user) devices are scattered a...
2309.02137v2
2023-09-16
On non-expandable cross-bifix-free codes
A cross-bifix-free code of length $n$ over $\mathbb{Z}_q$ is defined as a non-empty subset of $\mathbb{Z}_q^n$ satisfying that the prefix set of each codeword is disjoint from the suffix set of every codeword. Cross-bifix-free codes have found important applications in digital communication systems. One of the main res...
2309.08915v1
2023-09-21
Real-time feedback protocols for optimizing fault-tolerant two-qubit gate fidelities in a silicon spin system
Recently, several groups have demonstrated two-qubit gate fidelities in semiconductor spin qubit systems above 99%. Achieving this regime of fault-tolerant compatible high fidelities is nontrivial and requires exquisite stability and precise control over the different qubit parameters over an extended period of time. T...
2309.12541v1
2023-09-21
Spatio-temporal correlations of noise in MOS spin qubits
In quantum computing, characterising the full noise profile of qubits can aid the efforts towards increasing coherence times and fidelities by creating error mitigating techniques specific to the type of noise in the system, or by completely removing the sources of noise. Spin qubits in MOS quantum dots are exposed to ...
2309.12542v2
2023-09-29
Glioma subtype classification from histopathological images using in-domain and out-of-domain transfer learning: An experimental study
We provide in this paper a comprehensive comparison of various transfer learning strategies and deep learning architectures for computer-aided classification of adult-type diffuse gliomas. We evaluate the generalizability of out-of-domain ImageNet representations for a target domain of histopathological images, and stu...
2309.17223v1
2023-10-13
Midpoint geometric integrators for inertial magnetization dynamics
We consider the numerical solution of the inertial version of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation (iLLG), which describes high-frequency nutation on top of magnetization precession due to angular momentum relaxation. The iLLG equation defines a higher-order nonlinear dynamical system with very different nature compared to...
2310.09043v1
2023-10-28
Einstein-de Haas torque as a discrete spectroscopic probe allows nanomechanical measurement of a magnetic resonance
The Einstein-de Haas (EdH) effect is a fundamental, mechanical consequence of any temporal change of magnetism in an object. EdH torque results from conserving the object's total angular momentum: the angular momenta of all the specimen's magnetic moments, together with its mechanical angular momentum. Although the EdH...
2310.18546v2
2023-10-31
Ensemble models outperform single model uncertainties and predictions for operator-learning of hypersonic flows
High-fidelity computational simulations and physical experiments of hypersonic flows are resource intensive. Training scientific machine learning (SciML) models on limited high-fidelity data offers one approach to rapidly predict behaviors for situations that have not been seen before. However, high-fidelity data is it...
2311.00060v2
2023-11-11
Double-Free-Layer Stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Synthetic Antiferromagnets
Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJ) using low-barrier nanomagnets have shown promise as fast, energy-efficient, and scalable building blocks for probabilistic computing. Despite recent experimental and theoretical progress, sMTJs exhibiting the ideal characteristics necessary for probabilistic bits (p-bit) are ...
2311.06642v2
2023-11-14
Toxicity Detection is NOT all you Need: Measuring the Gaps to Supporting Volunteer Content Moderators
Extensive efforts in automated approaches for content moderation have been focused on developing models to identify toxic, offensive, and hateful content with the aim of lightening the load for moderators. Yet, it remains uncertain whether improvements on those tasks have truly addressed moderators' needs in accomplish...
2311.07879v2
2023-11-14
All Byzantine Agreement Problems are Expensive
Byzantine agreement, arguably the most fundamental problem in distributed computing, operates among n processes, out of which t < n can exhibit arbitrary failures. The problem states that all correct (non-faulty) processes must eventually decide (termination) the same value (agreement) from a set of admissible values d...
2311.08060v2
2023-11-21
Nonparametric variable importance for time-to-event outcomes with application to prediction of HIV infection
In survival analysis, complex machine learning algorithms have been increasingly used for predictive modeling. Given a collection of features available for inclusion in a predictive model, it may be of interest to quantify the relative importance of a subset of features for the prediction task at hand. In particular, i...
2311.12726v2
2023-11-29
Atmospheric Escape From Three Terrestrial Planets in the L 98-59 System
A critically important process affecting the climate evolution and potential habitability of an exoplanet is atmospheric escape, in which high-energy radiation from a star drives the escape of hydrogen atoms and other light elements from a planet's atmosphere. L 98-59 is a benchmark system for studying such atmospheric...
2312.00062v1
2023-12-03
Heisenberg machines with programmable spin-circuits
We show that we can harness two recent experimental developments to build a compact hardware emulator for the classical Heisenberg model in statistical physics. The first is the demonstration of spin-diffusion lengths in excess of microns in graphene even at room temperature. The second is the demonstration of low barr...
2312.01477v1
2023-12-05
A complex-projected Rayleigh quotient iteration for targeting interior eigenvalues
We introduce a new Projected Rayleigh Quotient Iteration aimed at improving the convergence behaviour of classic Rayleigh Quotient iteration (RQI) by incorporating approximate information about the target eigenvector at each step. While classic RQI exhibits local cubic convergence for Hermitian matrices, its global beh...
2312.02847v2
2023-12-14
On statistical zonostrophic instability and the effect of magnetic fields
Zonal flows are mean flows in the east-west direction, which are ubiquitous on planets, and can be formed through 'zonostrophic instability': within turbulence or random waves, a weak large-scale zonal flow can grow exponentially to become prominent. In this paper, we study the statistical behaviour of the zonostrophic...
2312.08905v1
2023-12-19
Towards a theta correspondence in families for type II dual pairs
Let $R$ be a commutative $\mathbb{Z}[1/p]$-algebra, let $m \leq n$ be positive integers, and let $G_n=\text{GL}_n(F)$ and $G_m=\text{GL}_m(F)$ where $F$ is a $p$-adic field. The Weil representation is the smooth $R[G_n\times G_m]$-module $C_c^{\infty}(\text{Mat}_{n\times m}(F),R)$ with the action induced by matrix mult...
2312.12031v1
2023-12-19
Microscopic theory of current-induced skyrmion transport and its application in disordered spin textures
Magnetic skyrmions hold great promise for realizing compact and stable memory devices that can be manipulated at very low energy costs via electronic current densities. In this work, we extend a recently introduced method to describe classical skyrmion textures coupled to dynamical itinerant electrons. In this scheme, ...
2312.12201v1
2024-01-09
Characterization of two fast-turnaround dry dilution refrigerators for scanning probe microscopy
Low-temperature scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) are critical for the study of quantum materials and quantum information science. Due to the rising costs of helium, cryogen-free cryostats have become increasingly desirable. However, they typically suffer from comparatively worse vibrations than cryogen-based systems, ...
2401.04373v1
2024-01-11
Micromagnetic simulations of the size dependence of the Curie temperature in ferromagnetic nanowires and nanolayers
We solve the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in the finite-temperature regime, where thermal fluctuations are modeled by a random magnetic field whose variance is proportional to the temperature. By rescaling the temperature proportionally to the computational cell size $\Delta x$ ($T \to T\,\Delta x/a_{\text{eff}}$, ...
2401.05722v1
2024-01-24
How AI Ideas Affect the Creativity, Diversity, and Evolution of Human Ideas: Evidence From a Large, Dynamic Experiment
Exposure to large language model output is rapidly increasing. How will seeing AI-generated ideas affect human ideas? We conducted an experiment (800+ participants, 40+ countries) where participants viewed creative ideas that were from ChatGPT or prior experimental participants and then brainstormed their own idea. We ...
2401.13481v1
2024-01-31
Multimaterial Inkjet Printing of Mechanochromic Materials
Inkjet printing technology achieves the precise deposition of liquid-phase materials via the digitally controlled formation of picoliter-sized droplets. Beyond graphical printing, inkjet printing has been employed for the deposition of separated drops on surfaces or the formation of continuous layers, which allows to c...
2401.17758v2
2024-01-11
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in warm-dense Fe compounds beyond the SASE FEL resolution limit
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) is a widely used spectroscopic technique, providing access to the electronic structure and dynamics of atoms, molecules, and solids. However, RIXS requires a narrow bandwidth x-ray probe to achieve high spectral resolution. The challenges in delivering an energetic monochromat...
2402.00039v1
2024-02-08
Trustful Coopetitive Infrastructures for the New Space Exploration Era
In the new space economy, space agencies, large enterprises, and start-ups aim to launch space multi-robot systems (MRS) for various in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) purposes, such as mapping, soil evaluation, and utility provisioning. However, these stakeholders' competing economic interests may hinder effective co...
2402.06014v1
2024-02-08
Designing Trustful Cooperation Ecosystems is Key to the New Space Exploration Era
In the emerging space economy, autonomous robotic missions with specialized goals such as mapping and mining are gaining traction, with agencies and enterprises increasingly investing resources. Multirobot systems (MRS) research has provided many approaches to establish control and communication layers to facilitate co...
2402.06036v1
2024-02-19
Density estimation for elliptic PDE with random input by preintegration and quasi-Monte Carlo methods
In this paper, we apply quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods with an initial preintegration step to estimate cumulative distribution functions and probability density functions in uncertainty quantification (UQ). The distribution and density functions correspond to a quantity of interest involving the solution to an ellipti...
2402.11807v1
2024-02-29
Magnon spectrum of altermagnets: Time-dependent matrix product states vs. linearized Holstein-Primakoff calculations unravelling spontaneous magnon decay
The energy-momentum dispersion of magnons, viewed as noninteracting and infinitely long-lived quasiparticles describing collective low-energy excitations of magnetic materials, is often presented as sharp bands obtained from the effective quantum spin Hamiltonian, after being simplified via linearized Holstein-Primakof...
2402.19433v1
2024-03-07
Controllable Skyrmion Islands in a Moiré Magnet
Antiferromagnetic(AFM) skyrmions have been in the spotlight as ideal topological magnetic bits. Although they are topologically protected, they do not exhibit the skyrmion Hall effect unlike the ferromagnetic ones. Thus, AFM skyrmions are considered to provide a better control of the skyrmion's motion due to the absenc...
2403.04208v1
2024-03-08
A Data Augmentation Pipeline to Generate Synthetic Labeled Datasets of 3D Echocardiography Images using a GAN
Due to privacy issues and limited amount of publicly available labeled datasets in the domain of medical imaging, we propose an image generation pipeline to synthesize 3D echocardiographic images with corresponding ground truth labels, to alleviate the need for data collection and for laborious and error-prone human la...
2403.05384v1
2024-03-10
Dynamical generation of skyrmion and bimeron crystals by a circularly polarized electric field in frustrated magnets
A skyrmion crystal (SkX) has attracted much attention in condensed matter physics, since topologically nontrivial structures induce fascinating physical phenomena. The SkXs have been experimentally observed in a variety of materials, where the Zeeman coupling to the static magnetic field plays an important role in the ...
2403.06118v1
2024-03-12
Flexible Non-intrusive Dynamic Instrumentation for WebAssembly
A key strength of managed runtimes over hardware is the ability to gain detailed insight into the dynamic execution of programs with instrumentation. Analyses such as code coverage, execution frequency, tracing, and debugging, are all made easier in a virtual setting. As a portable, low-level bytecode, WebAssembly offe...
2403.07973v1
2024-03-13
Highly confined epsilon-near-zero- and surface-phonon polaritons in SrTiO3 membranes
Recent theoretical studies have suggested that transition metal perovskite oxide membranes can enable surface phonon polaritons in the infrared range with low loss and much stronger subwavelength confinement than bulk crystals. Such modes, however, have not been experimentally observed so far. Here, using a combination...
2403.08500v1
2024-03-18
Lattice QCD estimates of thermal photon production from the QGP
Thermal photons produced in heavy-ion collision experiments are an important observable for understanding quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The thermal photon rate from the QGP at a given temperature can be calculated from the spectral function of the vector current correlator. Extraction of the spectral function from the latt...
2403.11647v1
2024-03-20
Optimal Risk-Sensitive Scheduling Policies for Remote Estimation of Autoregressive Markov Processes
We design scheduling policies that minimize a risk-sensitive cost criterion for a remote estimation setup. Since risk-sensitive cost objective takes into account not just the mean value of the cost, but also higher order moments of its probability distribution, the resulting policy is robust to changes in the underlyin...
2403.13898v1
2024-03-27
The Correlations of Scene Complexity, Workload, Presence, and Cybersickness in a Task-Based VR Game
This investigation examined the relationships among scene complexity, workload, presence, and cybersickness in virtual reality (VR) environments. Numerous factors can influence the overall VR experience, and existing research on this matter is not yet conclusive, warranting further investigation. In this between-subjec...
2403.19019v1
2024-03-28
Long-range Phase Coherence and Tunable Second Order $φ_0$-Josephson Effect in a Dirac Semimetal $1T-PtTe_2$
Superconducting diode effects have recently attracted much attention for their potential applications in superconducting logic circuits. Several mechanisms such as magneto-chiral effects, finite momentum Cooper pairing, asymmetric edge currents have been proposed to give rise to a supercurrent diode effect in different...
2403.19445v1