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2015-06-12
Linear inviscid damping for monotone shear flows in a finite periodic channel, boundary effects, blow-up and critical Sobolev regularity
In a previous article, \cite{Zill3}, we have established linear inviscid damping for a large class of monotone shear flows in a finite periodic channel and have further shown that boundary effects asymptotically lead to the formation of singularities of derivatives of the solution. As the main results of this article, we provide a detailed description of the singularity formation and establish stability in all sub-critical fractional Sobolev spaces and blow-up in all super-critical spaces. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of the blow-up to the problem of nonlinear inviscid damping in a finite periodic channel, where high regularity would be essential to control nonlinear effects.
1506.04010v1
2015-06-12
Nonlinear damped partial differential equations and their uniform discretizations
We establish sharp energy decay rates for a large class of nonlinearly first-order damped systems, and we design discretization schemes that inherit of the same energy decay rates, uniformly with respect to the space and/or time discretization parameters, by adding appropriate numerical viscosity terms. Our main arguments use the optimal-weight convexity method and uniform observability inequalities with respect to the discretization parameters. We establish our results, first in the continuous setting, then for space semi-discrete models, and then for time semi-discrete models. The full discretization is inferred from the previous results. Our results cover, for instance, the Schr\"odinger equation with nonlinear damping, the nonlinear wave equation, the nonlinear plate equation, as well as certain classes of equations with nonlocal terms.
1506.04163v2
2015-06-17
Landau Damping of Electrostatic Waves in Arbitrarily Degenerate Quantum Plasmas
We carry out a systematic study of the dispersion relation for linear electrostatic waves in an arbitrarily degenerate quantum electron plasma. We solve for the complex frequency spectrum for arbitrary values of wavenumber $k$ and level of degeneracy $\mu$. Our finding is that for large $k$ and high $\mu$ the real part of the frequency $\omega_{r}$ grows linearly with $k$ and scales with $\mu$ only because of the scaling of the Fermi energy. In this regime the relative Landau damping rate $\gamma/\omega_{r}$ becomes independent of $k$ and varies inversly with $\mu$. Thus, damping is weak but finite at moderate levels of degeneracy for short wavelengths.
1506.05494v2
2015-06-25
Simultaneous Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-based Control of Mechanical Systems Using Generalized Forces
To extend the realm of application of the well known controller design technique of interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) of mechanical systems two modifications to the standard method are presented in this article. First, similarly to [1], it is proposed to avoid the splitting of the control action into energy-shaping and damping injection terms, but instead to carry them out simultaneously. Second, motivated by [2], we propose to consider the inclusion of generalised forces, going beyond the gyroscopic ones used in standard IDA-PBC. It is shown that several new controllers for mechanical systems designed invoking other (less systematic procedures) that do not satisfy the conditions of standard IDA-PBC, actually belong to this new class of SIDA-PBC.
1506.07679v1
2015-07-20
Bifurcation of the quasinormal spectrum and Zero Damped Modes for rotating dilatonic black holes
It has been recently found that for the near extremal Kerr black holes appearing of Zero Damped Modes (accompanied by qusinormal mode branching) signifies about inapplicability of the regime of small perturbations and the onset of turbulence. Here we show that this phenomena is not limited by Kerr or Kerr-Newman solutions only, but also takes place for rotating dilatonic black holes for which we have found Zero Damped Modes both numerically and analytically. We have also shown that, contrary to recent claims, there is no instability of a charged massive scalar field in the background of the rotating dilatonic black hole under physically adequate boundary conditions. Analytic expression for dominant quasinormal frequencies is deduced in the regime of large coupling qQ, where q and Q are the field and black hole charges respectively.
1507.05649v1
2015-08-05
Quantum discord protection from amplitude damping decoherence
Entanglement is known to be an essential resource for many quantum information processes. However, it is now known that some quantum features may be acheived with quantum discord, a generalized measure of quantum correlation. In this paper, we study how quantum discord, or more specifically, the measures of entropic discord and geometric discord are affected by the influence of amplitude damping decoherence. We also show that a protocol deploying weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal can effectively protect quantum discord from amplitude damping decoherence, enabling to distribute quantum correlation between two remote parties in a noisy environment.
1508.00972v1
2015-09-27
On the well-posedness and asymptotic behavior of the generalized KdV-Burgers equation
In this paper we are concerned with the well-posedness and the exponential stabilization of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries Burgers equation, posed on the whole real line, under the effect of a damping term. Both problems are investigated when the exponent p in the nonlinear term ranges over the interval $[1,5)$. We first prove the global well-posedness in $H^s(R)$, for $0 \leq s \leq 3$ and $1 \leq p < 2$, and in $H^3(R)$, when $p \geq 2$. For $2 \leq p < 5$, we prove the existence of global solutions in the $L^2$-setting. Then, by using multiplier techniques combined with interpolation theory, the exponential stabilization is obtained for a indefinite damping term and $1 \leq p < 2$. Under the effect of a localized damping term the result is obtained when $2 \leq p < 5$. Combining multiplier techniques and compactness arguments it is shown that the problem of exponential decay is reduced to prove the unique continuation property of weak solutions
1509.08148v1
2015-10-11
Error estimates of finite element method for semi-linear stochastic strongly damped wave equation
In this paper, we consider a semi-linear stochastic strongly damped wave equation driven by additive Gaussian noise. Following a semigroup framework, we establish existence, uniqueness and space-time regularity of a mild solution to such equation. Unlike the usual stochastic wave equation without damping, the underlying problem with space-time white noise (Q = I) allows for a mild solution with a positive order of regularity in multiple spatial dimensions. Further, we analyze a spatio-temporal discretization of the problem, performed by a standard finite element method in space and a well-known linear implicit Euler scheme in time. The analysis of the approximation error forces us to significantly enrich existing error estimates of semidiscrete and fully discrete finite element methods for the corresponding linear deterministic equation. The main results show optimal convergence rates in the sense that the orders of convergence in space and in time coincide with the orders of the spatial and temporal regularity of the mild solution, respectively. Numerical examples are finally included to confirm our theoretical findings.
1510.03028v1
2015-11-10
A study of energy correction for the electron beam data in the BGO ECAL of the DAMPE
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is an orbital experiment aiming at searching for dark matter indirectly by measuring the spectra of photons, electrons and positrons originating from deep space. The BGO electromagnetic calorimeter is one of the key sub-detectors of the DAMPE, which is designed for high energy measurement with a large dynamic range from 5 GeV to 10 TeV. In this paper, some methods for energy correction are discussed and tried, in order to reconstruct the primary energy of the incident electrons. Different methods are chosen for the appropriate energy ranges. The results of Geant4 simulation and beam test data (at CERN) are presented.
1511.02998v1
2015-11-10
Quantum Fisher and Skew information for Unruh accelerated Dirac qubit
We develop a Bloch vector representation of Unruh channel for a Dirac field mode. This is used to provide a unified, analytical treatment of quantum Fisher and Skew information for a qubit subjected to the Unruh channel, both in its pure form as well as in the presence of experimentally relevant external noise channels. The time evolution of Fisher and Skew information is studied along with the impact of external environment parameters such as temperature and squeezing. The external noises are modelled by both purely dephasing phase damping as well as the squeezed generalized amplitude damping channels. An interesting interplay between the external reservoir temperature and squeezing on the Fisher and Skew information is observed, in particular, for the action of the squeezed generalized amplitude damping channel. It is seen that for some regimes, squeezing can enhance the quantum information against the deteriorating influence of the ambient environment. Similar features are also observed for the analogous study of Skew information, highlighting the similar origin of the Fisher and Skew information.
1511.03029v1
2015-11-23
Detection of high frequency oscillations and damping from multi-slit spectroscopic observations of the corona
During the total solar eclipse of 11 July 2010, multi-slit spectroscopic observations of the solar corona were performed from Easter Island, Chile. To search for high-frequency waves, observations were taken at a high cadence in the green line at 5303 A due to [Fe xiv] and the red line at 6374 A due to [Fe x]. The data are analyzed to study the periodic variations in the intensity, Doppler velocity and line width using wavelet analysis. The data with high spectral and temporal resolution enabled us to study the rapid dynamical changes within coronal structures. We find that at certain locations each parameter shows significant oscillation with periods ranging from 6 - 25 s. For the first time, we could detect damping of high-frequency oscillations with periods of the order of 10 s. If the observed damped oscillations are due to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves then they can contribute significantly in the heating of the corona. From a statistical study we try to characterize the nature of the observed oscillations while looking at the distribution of power in different line parameters.
1511.07160v1
2015-11-26
Uniform exponential stability of Galerkin approximations for damped wave systems
We consider the numerical approximation of linear damped wave systems by Galerkin approximations in space and appropriate time-stepping schemes. Based on a dissipation estimate for a modified energy, we prove exponential decay of the physical energy on the continuous level provided that the damping is effective everywhere in the domain. The methods of proof allow us to analyze also a class of Galerkin approximations based on a mixed variational formulation of the problem. Uniform exponential stability can be guaranteed for these approximations under a general compatibility condition on the discretization spaces. As a particular example, we discuss the discretization by mixed finite element methods for which we obtain convergence and uniform error estimates under minimal regularity assumptions. We also prove unconditional and uniform exponential stability for the time discretization by certain one-step methods. The validity of the theoretical results as well as the necessity of some of the conditions required for our analysis are demonstrated in numerical tests.
1511.08341v1
2015-12-01
Epitaxial patterning of nanometer-thick Y3Fe5O12 films with low magnetic damping
Magnetic insulators such as yttrium iron garnet, Y3Fe5O12, with extremely low magnetic damping have opened the door for low power spin-orbitronics due to their low energy dissipation and efficient spin current generation and transmission. We demonstrate reliable and efficient epitaxial growth and nanopatterning of Y3Fe5O12 thin-film based nanostructures on insulating Gd3Ga5O12 substrates. In particular, our fabrication process is compatible with conventional sputtering and liftoff, and does not require aggressive ion milling which may be detrimental to the oxide thin films. Structural and magnetic properties indicate good qualities, in particular low magnetic damping of both films and patterned structures. The dynamic magnetic properties of the nanostructures are systematically investigated as a function of the lateral dimension. By comparing to ferromagnetic nanowire structures, a distinct edge mode in addition to the main mode is identified by both experiments and simulations, which also exhbits cross-over with the main mode upon varying the width of the wires. The non-linear evolution of dynamic modes over nanostructural dimensions highlights the important role of size confinement to their material properties in magnetic devices where Y3Fe5O12 nanostructures serve as the key functional component.
1512.00286v1
2015-12-03
Probing Bogoliubov quasiparticles in superfluid $^3$He with a 'vibrating-wire like' MEMS device
We have measured the interaction between superfluid $^3$He-B and a micro-machined goalpost-shaped device at temperatures below $0.2\,T_c$. The measured damping follows well the theory developed for vibrating wires, in which the Andreev reflection of quasiparticles in the flow field around the moving structure leads to a nonlinear frictional force. At low velocities the damping force is proportional to velocity while it tends to saturate for larger excitations. Above a velocity of 2.6$\,$mms$^{-1}$ the damping abruptly increases, which is interpreted in terms of Cooper-pair breaking. Interestingly, this critical velocity is significantly lower than reported with other mechanical probes immersed in superfluid $^3$He. Furthermore, we report on a nonlinear resonance shape for large motion amplitudes that we interpret as an inertial effect due to quasiparticle friction, but other mechanisms could possibly be invoked as well.
1512.01033v1
2016-01-03
Event-triggered Communication in Wide-area Damping Control: A Limited Output Feedback Based Approach
A conceptual design methodology is proposed for event-triggered based power system wide area damping controller. The event-triggering mechanism is adopted to reduce the communication burden between origin of the remote signal and the wide area damping controller (WADC) location. The remote signal is transmitted to the WADC only when an event-triggering condition based on a predefined system output, is satisfied. The triggering condition is derived from a stability criterion, and is monitored continuously by a separate event-monitoring unit located at the origin of the remote signal. The stability of the resulting closed loop system is guaranteed via the input-to-state stability (ISS) technique. The proposed event triggered WADC (ET-WADC) is implemented on two typical test power systems - two area four machine and IEEE 39 bus 10 machine. The validation of proposed mechanism is carried out through non-linear simulation studies on MATLAB/Simulink platform. The numerical results show the efficacy of the controller in managing the communication channel usage without compromising the stated system stability objectives.
1601.00255v1
2016-01-05
Lie transformation method on quantum state evolution of a general time-dependent driven and damped parametric oscillator
A variety of dynamics in nature and society can be approximately treated as a driven and damped parametric oscillator. An intensive investigation of this time-dependent model from an algebraic point of view provides a consistent method to resolve the classical dynamics and the quantum evolution in order to understand the time-dependent phenomena that occur not only in the macroscopic classical scale for the synchronized behaviors but also in the microscopic quantum scale for a coherent state evolution. By using a Floquet U-transformation on a general time-dependent quadratic Hamiltonian, we exactly solve the dynamic behaviors of a driven and damped parametric oscillator to obtain the optimal solutions by means of invariant parameters of $K$s to combine with Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant method. This approach can discriminate the external dynamics from the internal evolution of a wave packet by producing independent parametric equations that dramatically facilitate the parametric control on the quantum state evolution in a dissipative system. In order to show the advantages of this method, several time-dependent models proposed in the quantum control field are analyzed in details.
1601.00727v3
2016-02-19
Distinctive response of many-body localized systems to strong electric field
We study systems which are close to or within the many-body localized (MBL) regime and are driven by strong electric field. In the ergodic regime, the disorder extends applicability of the equilibrium linear--response theory to stronger drivings, whereas the response of the MBL systems is very distinctive, revealing currents with damped oscillations. The oscillation frequency is independent of driving and the damping is not due to heating but rather due to dephasing. The details of damping depend on the system's history reflecting nonergodicity of the MBL phase, while the frequency of the oscillations remains a robust hallmark of localization. We show that the distinctive characteristic of the driven MBL phase is also a logarithmic increase of the energy and the polarization with time.
1602.06055v1
2016-03-07
Optimal Load and Stiffness for Displacement-Constrained Vibration Energy Harvesters
The power electronic interface to a vibration energy harvester not only provides ac-dc conversion, but can also set the electrical damping to maximize output power under displacement-constrained operation. This is commonly exploited for linear two-port harvesters by synchronous switching to realize a Coulomb-damped resonant generator, but has not been fully explored when the harvester is asynchronously switched to emulate a resistive load. In order to understand the potential of such an approach, the optimal values of load resistance and other control parameters need to be known. In this paper we determine analytically the optimal load and stiffness of a harmonically driven two-port harvester with displacement constraints. For weak-coupling devices, we do not find any benefit of load and stiffness adjustment beyond maintaining a saturated power level. For strong coupling we find that the power can be optimized to agree with the velocity damped generator beyond the first critical force for displacement-constrained operation. This can be sustained up to a second critical force, determined by a resonator figure-of-merit, at which the power ultimately levels out.
1603.01909v1
2016-03-22
Generation and protection of steady-state quantum correlations due to quantum channels with memory
We have proposed a scheme of the generation and preservation of two-qubit steady state quantum correlations through quantum channels where successive uses of the channels are correlated. Different types of noisy channels with memory, such as amplitude damping, phase-damping, and depolarizing channels have been taken into account. Some analytical or numerical results are presented. The effect of channels with memory on dynamics of quantum correlations has been discussed in detail. The results show that, steady state entanglement between two independent qubits without entanglement subject to amplitude damping channel with memory can be generated. Besides, we compare the dynamics of entanglement with that of quantum discord when a two-qubit system is prepared in an entangled state. We show that entanglement dynamics suddenly disappears, while quantum discord displays only in the asymptotic limit. Two-qubit quantum correlations can be preserved at a long time in the limit of $\mu\rightarrow1$.
1603.06676v2
2016-04-22
Feedback-induced Bistability of an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle: A Fokker-Planck Treatment
Optically levitated nanoparticles have recently emerged as versatile platforms for investigating macroscopic quantum mechanics and enabling ultrasensitive metrology. In this article we theoretically consider two damping regimes of an optically levitated nanoparticle cooled by cavityless parametric feedback. Our treatment is based on a generalized Fokker-Planck equation derived from the quantum master equation presented recently and shown to agree very well with experiment [1]. For low damping, we find that the resulting Wigner function yields the single-peaked oscillator position distribution and recovers the appropriate energy distribution derived earlier using a classical theory and verified experimentally [2]. For high damping, in contrast, we predict a double-peaked position distribution, which we trace to an underlying bistability induced by feedback. Unlike in cavity-based optomechanics, stochastic processes play a major role in determining the bistable behavior. To support our conclusions, we present analytical expressions as well as numerical simulations using the truncated Wigner function approach. Our work opens up the prospect of developing bistability-based devices, characterization of phase-space dynamics, and investigation of the quantum-classical transition using levitated nanoparticles.
1604.06767v2
2016-05-06
Multidimensional Thermoelasticity for Nonsimple Materials -- Well-Posedness and Long-Time Behavior
An initial-boundary value problem for the multidimensional type III thermoelaticity for a nonsimple material with a center of symmetry is considered. In the linear case, the well-posedness with and without Kelvin-Voigt and/or frictional damping in the elastic part as well as the lack of exponential stability in the elastically undamped case is proved. Further, a frictional damping for the elastic component is shown to lead to the exponential stability. A Cattaneo-type hyperbolic relaxation for the thermal part is introduced and the well-posedness and uniform stability under a nonlinear frictional damping are obtained using a compactness-uniqueness-type argument. Additionally, a connection between the exponential stability and exact observability for unitary $C_{0}$-groups is established.
1605.02049v1
2016-05-16
The Cauchy problem for the nonlinear damped wave equation with slowly decaying data
We study the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear damped wave equation and establish the large data local well-posedness and small data global well-posedness with slowly decaying initial data. We also prove that the asymptotic profile of the global solution is given by a solution of the corresponding parabolic problem, which shows that the solution of the damped wave equation has the diffusion phenomena. Moreover, we show blow-up of solution and give the estimate of the lifespan for a subcritical nonlinearity. In particular, we determine the critical exponent for any space dimension.
1605.04616v2
2016-05-20
High-frequency behavior of FeN thin films fabricated by reactive sputtering
We investigated high-frequency behavior of FeN thin films prepared by reactive sputtering through ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and its relationship with the static magnetic properties. The FMR was observed in the frequency range from 2 to 18 GHz in the FeN films fabricated at proper nitrogen flow rate (NFR). In those FeN thin films, a decrease of the saturation magnetization and the corresponding decrease of the FMR frequency were observed as NFR was increased during the deposition. The external field dependences of the FMR frequencies were well fit to the Kittel formula and the Land\'e g-factors determined from the fit were found to be very close to the free electron value. The high-field damping parameters were almost insensitive to the growth condition of NFR. However, the low-field damping parameters exhibited high sensitivity to NFR very similar to the dependence of the hard-axis coercivity on NFR, suggesting that extrinsic material properties such as impurities and defect structures could be important in deciding the low-field damping behavior.
1605.06179v1
2016-05-26
Thickness and temperature dependence of the magnetodynamic damping of pulsed laser deposited $\text{La}_{0.7}\text{Sr}_{0.3}\text{MnO}_3$ on (111)-oriented SrTi$\text{O}_3$
We have investigated the magnetodynamic properties of $\text{La}_{0.7}\text{Sr}_{0.3}\text{MnO}_3$ (LSMO) films of thickness 10, 15 and 30 nm grown on (111)-oriented SrTi$\text{O}_3$ (STO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experiments were performed in the temperature range 100--300 K, and the magnetodynamic damping parameter $\alpha$ was extracted as a function of both film thickness and temperature. We found that the damping is lowest for the intermediate film thickness of 15 nm with $\alpha \approx 2 \cdot 10^{-3}$, where $\alpha$ is relatively constant as a function of temperature well below the Curie temperature of the respective films.
1605.08195v2
2016-06-08
Effect of quantum noise on deterministic joint remote state preparation of a qubit state via a GHZ channel
Quantum secure communication brings a new direction for information security. As an important component of quantum secure communication, deterministic joint remote state preparation (DJRSP) could securely transmit a quantum state with 100\% success probability. In this paper, we study how the efficiency of DJRSP is affected when qubits involved in the protocol are subjected to noise or decoherence. Taking a GHZ based DJRSP scheme as an example, we study all types of noise usually encountered in real-world implementations of quantum communication protocols, i.e., the bit-flip, phase-flip (phase-damping), depolarizing, and amplitude-damping noise. Our study shows that the fidelity of the output state depends on the phase factor, the amplitude factor and the noise parameter in the bit-flip noise, while the fidelity only depends on the amplitude factor and the noise parameter in the other three types of noise. And the receiver will get different output states depending on the first preparer's measurement result in the amplitude-damping noise. Our results will be helpful for improving quantum secure communication in real implementation.
1606.02484v2
2016-06-28
Radiation Damping by Thomson Scattering
Synchrotron radiation of relativistic electrons in storage rings naturally leads to the process of damping of betatron oscillations. Damping time and transverse beam emittance can be reduced by wigglers or undulators while the beam parameters are still well defined by the common radiation integrals, based on the properties of synchrotron radiation. However, the quantum excitation of betatron oscillations in principle can be considerably reduced if an electron radiation occurs due to the Thomson scattering in the periodic electromagnetic field. After a brief introduction we compare radiation properties for different cases and suggest the modification of the radiation integrals.
1606.08602v5
2016-06-29
Kinodynamic Motion Planning: A Novel Type Of Nonlinear, Passive Damping Forces And Advantages
This article extends the capabilities of the harmonic potential field approach to planning to cover both the kinematic and dynamic aspects of a robot motion. The suggested approach converts the gradient guidance field from a harmonic potential to a control signal by augmenting it with a novel type of damping forces called nonlinear, anisotropic, damping forces. The combination of the two provides a signal that can both guide a robot and effectively manage its dynamics. The kinodynamic planning signal inherits the guidance capabilities of the harmonic gradient field. It can also be easily configured to efficiently suppress the inertia-induced transients in the robot trajectory without compromising the speed of operation. The approach works with dissipative systems as well as systems acted on by external forces without needing the full knowledge of the system dynamics. Theoretical developments and simulation results are provided in this article.
1606.09270v1
2016-09-02
Particle dynamics and Stochastic Resonance in Periodic potentials
We have studied the dynamics of a particle in a periodically driven underdamped periodic potential. Recent studies have reported the occurrence of Stochastic Resonance (SR) in such systems in the high frequency regime, using input energy per period of external drive as a quantifier. The particle trajectories in these systems can be in two dynamical states characterised by their definite energy and phase relation with the external drive. SR is due to the noise assisted transition of the particles between these two states. We study the role of damping on the occurrence of SR. We show that a driven underdamped periodic system exhibits SR only if the damping is below a particular limit. To explain this we study the syatem in the deterministic regime. The existence of the two dynamical states in the deterministic regime is dependent on the amount of damping and the amplitude od external drive. We also study the input energy distributions and phase difference of the response amplitude with the external drive as afunction of the friction parameter.
1609.00678v1
2016-09-26
An efficient quantum algorithm for spectral estimation
We develop an efficient quantum implementation of an important signal processing algorithm for line spectral estimation: the matrix pencil method, which determines the frequencies and damping factors of signals consisting of finite sums of exponentially damped sinusoids. Our algorithm provides a quantum speedup in a natural regime where the sampling rate is much higher than the number of sinusoid components. Along the way, we develop techniques that are expected to be useful for other quantum algorithms as well - consecutive phase estimations to efficiently make products of asymmetric low rank matrices classically accessible and an alternative method to efficiently exponentiate non-Hermitian matrices. Our algorithm features an efficient quantum-classical division of labor: The time-critical steps are implemented in quantum superposition, while an interjacent step, requiring only exponentially few parameters, can operate classically. We show that frequencies and damping factors can be obtained in time logarithmic in the number of sampling points, exponentially faster than known classical algorithms.
1609.08170v1
2016-10-01
On the regularization of impact without collision: the Painlevé paradox and compliance
We consider the problem of a rigid body, subject to a unilateral constraint, in the presence of Coulomb friction. We regularize the problem by assuming compliance (with both stiffness and damping) at the point of contact, for a general class of normal reaction forces. Using a rigorous mathematical approach, we recover impact without collision (IWC) in both the inconsistent and indeterminate Painlev\'e paradoxes, in the latter case giving an exact formula for conditions that separate IWC and lift-off. We solve the problem for arbitrary values of the compliance damping and give explicit asymptotic expressions in the limiting cases of small and large damping, all for a large class of rigid bodies.
1610.00143v2
2016-11-25
Bulk viscous corrections to screening and damping in QCD at high temperatures
Non-equilibrium corrections to the distribution functions of quarks and gluons in a hot and dense QCD medium modify the "hard thermal loops" (HTL). The HTLs determine the retarded, advanced, and symmetric (time-ordered) propagators for gluons with soft momenta as well as the Debye screening and Landau damping mass scales. We compute such corrections to a thermal as well as to a non-thermal fixed point.The screening and damping mass scales are sensitive to the bulk pressure and hence to (pseudo-) critical dynamical scaling of the bulk viscosity in the vicinity of a second-order critical point. This could be reflected in the properties of quarkonium bound states in the deconfined phase and in the dynamics of soft gluon fields.
1611.08379v2
2016-12-07
Investigation of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Laser-Plasma Interactions
In this paper, we present our numerical simulation results on the Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) with injection of an ordinary mode (O-mode) electromagnetic wave (our pump wave) with frequencies 70 GHz and 110 GHz. Solving the Fourier transformed Vlasov equation in the velocity space, creates a profile for distribution function. Time evolution of the distribution function is investigated as well. Considering an average density for plasma fusion (n_{0} ~ 10^{19} m^{-3}), we gain a profile for density. Then two-dimensional instability rate for SBS is obtained. So, the fluctuation of distribution function affects density and again density affects instability rate. Increasing the incident light wave frequency causes the instability growth rate to decrease. Time evolution shows a clear damping for instability rate since the pump wave's energy is absorbed in plasma (plasma heating). Furthermore, changing Landau damping for ion acoustic waves (IAW) by changing ion-to-electron temperature ratio is presented as well, because this damping is more dominant in high temperatures.
1612.02214v1
2016-12-08
Damped spin-wave excitations in the itinerant antiferromagnet $γ$-Fe$_{0.7}$Mn$_{0.3}$
The collective spin-wave excitations in the antiferromagnetic state of $\gamma$-Fe$_{0.7}$Mn$_{0.3}$ were investigated using the inelastic neutron scattering technique. The spin excitations remain isotropic up to the high excitation energy, ${\hbar\omega}= 78$ meV. The excitations gradually become broad and damped above 40 meV. The damping parameter ${\gamma}$ reaches 110(16) meV at ${\hbar\omega} = 78$ meV, which is much larger than that for other metallic compounds, e.g., CaFe$_2$As$_2$ (24 meV), La$_{2-2x}$Sr$_{1+2x}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ ($52-72$ meV), and Mn$_{90}$Cu$_{10}$ (88 meV). In addition, the spin-wave dispersion shows a deviation from the relation $({\hbar\omega})^2 = c^2q^2 + {\Delta}^2$ above 40 meV. The group velocity above this energy increases to 470(40) meV{\AA}, which is higher than that at the low energies, $c = 226(5)$ meV{\AA}. These results could suggest that the spin-wave excitations merge with the continuum of the individual particle-hole excitations at 40 meV.
1612.02515v2
2016-12-09
How strong a logistic damping can prevent blow-up for the minimal Keller-Segel chemotaxis system?
In this paper, we study the minimal Keller-Segel model with a logistic source and obtain quantitative and qualitative descriptions of the competition between logistic damping and other ingredient, especially, chemotactic aggregation to guarantee boundedness and convergence. More specifically, we establish how precisely strong a logistic source can prevent blow-up, and then we obtain an explicit relationship between logistic damping and other ingredient, especially, chemotactic aggregation so that convergences are ensured and their respective convergence rates are explicitly calculated out. Known results in the literature are completed and refined. Furthermore, our findings provide clues on how to produce blowup solutions for KS chemotaxis models with logistic sources.
1612.03024v2
2016-12-28
Quantum coherence of two-qubit over quantum channels with memory
Using the axiomatic definition of the coherence measure, such as the $l_{1}$ norm and the relative entropy, we study the phenomena of two-qubit system quantum coherence through quantum channels where successive uses of the channels are memory. Different types of noisy channels with memory, such as amplitude damping, phase-damping, and depolarizing channels effect on quantum coherence have been discussed in detail. The results show that, quantum channels with memory can efficiently protect coherence from noisy channels. Particularly, as channels with perfect memory, quantum coherence is unaffected by the phase damping as well as depolarizing channels. Besides, we also investigate the cohering and decohering power of quantum channels with memory.
1612.08791v1
2017-01-04
Hamiltonian of mean force and a damped harmonic oscillator in an anisotropic medium
The quantum dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator is investigated in the presence of an anisotropic heat bath. The medium is modeled by a continuum of three dimensional harmonic oscillators and anisotropic coupling is treated by introducing tensor coupling functions. Starting from a classical Lagrangian, the total system is quantized in the framework of the canonical quantization. Following Fano technique, Hamiltonian of the system is diagonalized in terms of creation and annihilation operators that are linear combinations of the basic dynamical variables. Using the diagonalized Hamiltonian, the mean force internal energy, free energy and entropy of the damped oscillator are calculated.
1701.00964v2
2017-01-30
Quantization of energy and weakly turbulent profiles of the solutions to some damped second order evolution equations
We consider a second order equation with a linear "elastic" part and a nonlinear damping term depending on a power of the norm of the velocity. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions, after rescaling them suitably in order to take into account the decay rate and bound their energy away from zero.We find a rather unexpected dichotomy phenomenon. Solutions with finitely many Fouriercomponents are asymptotic to solutions of the linearized equationwithout damping, and exhibit some sort of equipartition of theenergy among the components. Solutions with infinitely manyFourier components tend to zero weakly but not strongly. We showalso that the limit of the energy of solutions depends only on thenumber of their Fourier components.The proof of our results is inspired by the analysis of asimplified model which we devise through an averaging procedure,and whose solutions exhibit the same asymptotic properties as thesolutions to the original equation.
1701.08604v1
2017-02-15
Topological Properties of a Coupled Spin-Photon System Induced by Damping
We experimentally examine the topological nature of a strongly coupled spin-photon system induced by damping. The presence of both spin and photonic losses results in a non-Hermitian system with a variety of exotic phenomena dictated by the topological structure of the eigenvalue spectra and the presence of an exceptional point (EP), where the coupled spin-photon eigenvectors coalesce. By controlling both the spin resonance frequency and the spin-photon coupling strength we observe a resonance crossing for cooperativities above one, suggesting that the boundary between weak and strong coupling should be based on the EP location rather than the cooperativity. Furthermore we observe dynamic mode switching when encircling the EP and identify the potential to engineer the topological structure of coupled spin-photon systems with additional modes. Our work therefore further highlights the role of damping within the strong coupling regime, and demonstrates the potential and great flexibility of spin-photon systems for studies of non-Hermitian physics.
1702.04797v2
2017-02-22
Modified quantum-speed-limit bounds for open quantum dynamics in quantum channels
The minimal evolution time between two distinguishable states is of fundamental interest in quantum physics. Very recently Mirkin et al. argue that some most common quantum-speed-limit (QSL) bounds which depend on the actual evolution time do not cleave to the essence of the QSL theory as they grow indefinitely but the final state is reached at a finite time in a damped Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model. In this paper, we thoroughly study this puzzling phenomenon. We find the inconsistent estimates will happen if and only if the limit of resolution of a calculation program is achieved, through which we propose that the nature of the inconsistency is not a violation to the essence of the QSL theory but an illusion caused by the finite precision in numerical simulations. We also present a generic method to overcome the inconsistent estimates and confirm its effectiveness in both amplitude-damping and phase-damping channels. Additionally, we show special cases which may restrict the QSL bound defined by "quantumness".
1702.06748v3
2017-03-07
Lower Bound and optimality for a nonlinearly damped Timoshenko system with thermoelasticity
In this paper, we consider a vibrating nonlinear Timoshenko system with thermoelasticity with second sound. We first investigate the strong stability of this system, then we devote our efforts to obtain the strong lower energy estimates using Alabau--Boussouira's energy comparison principle introduced in \cite{2} (see also \cite{alabau}). One of the main advantages of these results is that they allows us to prove the optimality of the asymptotic results (as $t\rightarrow \infty$) obtained in \cite{ali}. We also extend to our model the nice results achieved in \cite{alabau} for the case of nonlinearly damped Timoshenko system with thermoelasticity. The optimality of our results is also investigated through some explicit examples of the nonlinear damping term. The proof of our results relies on the approach in \cite{AB1, AB2}.
1703.02599v4
2017-03-08
A Parameterized Energy Correction Method for Electromagnetic Showers in BGO-ECAL of DAMPE
DAMPE is a space-based mission designed as a high energy particle detector measuring cosmic-rays and $\gamma-$rays which was successfully launched on Dec.17, 2015. The BGO electromagnetic calorimeter is one of the key sub-detectors of DAMPE for energy measurement of electromagnetic showers produced by $e^{\pm}/{\gamma}$. Due to energy loss in dead material and energy leakage outside the calorimeter, the deposited energy in BGO underestimates the primary energy of incident $e^{\pm}/{\gamma}$. In this paper, based on detailed MC simulations, a parameterized energy correction method using the lateral and longitudinal information of electromagnetic showers has been studied and verified with data of electron beam test at CERN. The measurements of energy linearity and resolution are significantly improved by applying this correction method for electromagnetic showers.
1703.02821v2
2017-03-08
A GAMP Based Low Complexity Sparse Bayesian Learning Algorithm
In this paper, we present an algorithm for the sparse signal recovery problem that incorporates damped Gaussian generalized approximate message passing (GGAMP) into Expectation-Maximization (EM)-based sparse Bayesian learning (SBL). In particular, GGAMP is used to implement the E-step in SBL in place of matrix inversion, leveraging the fact that GGAMP is guaranteed to converge with appropriate damping. The resulting GGAMP-SBL algorithm is much more robust to arbitrary measurement matrix $\boldsymbol{A}$ than the standard damped GAMP algorithm while being much lower complexity than the standard SBL algorithm. We then extend the approach from the single measurement vector (SMV) case to the temporally correlated multiple measurement vector (MMV) case, leading to the GGAMP-TSBL algorithm. We verify the robustness and computational advantages of the proposed algorithms through numerical experiments.
1703.03044v2
2017-04-13
Quantum behaviour of open pumped and damped Bose-Hubbard trimers
We propose and analyse analogs of optical cavities for atoms using three-well inline Bose-Hubbard models with pumping and losses. With one well pumped and one damped, we find that both the mean-field dynamics and the quantum statistics show a qualitative dependence on the choice of damped well. The systems we analyse remain far from equilibrium, although most do enter a steady-state regime. We find quadrature squeezing, bipartite and tripartite inseparability and entanglement, and states exhibiting the EPR paradox, depending on the parameter regimes. We also discover situations where the mean-field solutions of our models are noticeably different from the quantum solutions for the mean fields. Due to recent experimental advances, it should be possible to demonstrate the effects we predict and investigate in this article.
1704.04021v1
2017-05-10
Negative mobility of a Brownian particle: strong damping regime
We study impact of inertia on directed transport of a Brownian particle under non-equilibrium conditions: the particle moves in a one-dimensional periodic and symmetric potential, is driven by both an unbiased time-periodic force and a constant force, and is coupled to a thermostat of temperature T. Within selected parameter regimes this system exhibits negative mobility, which means that the particle moves in the direction opposite to the direction of the constant force. It is known that in such a setup the inertial term is essential for the emergence of negative mobility and it cannot be detected in the limiting case of overdamped dynamics. We analyse inertial effects and show that negative mobility can be observed even in the strong damping regime. We determine the optimal dimensionless mass for the presence of negative mobility and reveal three mechanisms standing behind this anomaly: deterministic chaotic, thermal noise induced and deterministic non-chaotic. The last origin has never been reported. It may provide guidance to the possibility of observation of negative mobility for strongly damped dynamics which is of fundamental importance from the point of view of biological systems, all of which in situ operate in fluctuating environments.
1705.03661v1
2017-05-27
Power System Supplementary Damping Controllers in the Presence of Saturation
This paper presents the analysis and a method to design supplementary damping controllers (SDCs) for synchronous generators considering the effects of saturation limits. Usually such saturations of control signals are imposed in order to enforce practical limitations such as component ratings. However, to guarantee the stability in the presence of saturation limits, the state trajectories must remain inside the domain of attraction (DA). In this paper, the domain of attraction of a single-machine infinite-bus (SMIB) power system with saturation nonlinearity is estimated and compared with the exact description of the null controllable region. Then, state-feedback controllers are designed to enlarge the DA. Our analysis shows that nonlinear effects of saturation should be considered to guarantee stability and satisfactory performance. Simulation results on a detailed nonlinear model of a synchronous generator indicate that the DA enlarges with the proposed controller. The results also indicate that Critical Clearing Time (CCT) and damping of the system with saturation can be improved by the proposed method.
1705.09849v1
2017-05-26
Absence of Landau damping in driven three-component Bose-Einstein condensate in optical lattices
We explore the quantum many-body physics of a three-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in an optical lattices driven by laser fields in $V$ and $\Lambda$ configurations. We obtain exact analytical expressions for the energy spectrum and amplitudes of elementary excitations, and discover symmetries among them. We demonstrate that the applied laser fields induce a gap in the otherwise gapless Bogoliubov spectrum. We find that Landau damping of the collective modes above the energy of the gap is carried by laser-induced roton modes and is considerably suppressed compared to the phonon-mediated damping endemic to undriven scalar BECs.
1705.10199v2
2017-05-31
Low-energy modes of spin-imbalanced Fermi gases in BCS phase
The low-energy modes of a spin-imbalanced superfluid Fermi gas in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) side are studied. The gas is assumed to be sufficiently dilute so that the pairing of atoms can be considered effective only in s-wave between fermions of different internal state. The order parameter at equilibrium is determined by the mean-field approximation, while the properties of the collective modes are calculated within a Gaussian approximation for the fluctuations of the order parameter. In particular we investigate the effects of asymmetry between the populations of the two different components and of temperature on the frequency and damping of collective modes. It is found that the temperature does not much affect the frequency and the damping of the modes, whereas an increase of the imbalance shifts the frequency toward lower values and enhances the damping sensitively. Besides the Bogoliubov-Anderson phonons, we observe modes at zero frequency for finite values of the wave-number. These modes indicate that an instability develops driving the system toward two separate phases, normal and superfluid.
1705.11162v1
2017-06-01
Global Stabilization of the Navier-Stokes-Voight and the damped nonlinear wave equations by finite number of feedback controllers
In this paper we introduce a finite-parameters feedback control algorithm for stabilizing solutions of the Navier-Stokes-Voigt equations, the strongly damped nonlinear wave equations and the nonlinear wave equation with nonlinear damping term, the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers equation and the KdV-Burgers equation. This algorithm capitalizes on the fact that such infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems posses finite-dimensional long-time behavior which is represented by, for instance, the finitely many determining parameters of their long-time dynamics, such as determining Fourier modes, determining volume elements, determining nodes , etc..The algorithm utilizes these finite parameters in the form of feedback control to stabilize the relevant solutions. For the sake of clarity, and in order to fix ideas, we focus in this work on the case of low Fourier modes feedback controller, however, our results and tools are equally valid for using other feedback controllers employing other spatial coarse mesh interpolants.
1706.00162v1
2017-06-08
Realistic clocks for a Universe without time
There are a number of problematic features within the current treatment of time in physical theories, including the "timelessness" of the Universe as encapsulated by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. This paper considers one particular investigation into resolving this issue; a conditional probability interpretation that was first proposed by Page and Wooters. Those authors addressed the apparent timelessness by subdividing a faux Universe into two entangled parts, "the clock" and "the remainder of the Universe", and then synchronizing the effective dynamics of the two subsystems by way of conditional probabilities. The current treatment focuses on the possibility of using a (somewhat) realistic clock system; namely, a coherent-state description of a damped harmonic oscillator. This clock proves to be consistent with the conditional probability interpretation; in particular, a standard evolution operator is identified with the position of the clock playing the role of time for the rest of the Universe. Restrictions on the damping factor are determined and, perhaps contrary to expectations, the optimal choice of clock is not necessarily one of minimal damping.
1706.02531v1
2017-06-26
High $β$ Effects on Cosmic Ray Streaming in Galaxy Clusters
Diffuse, extended radio emission in galaxy clusters, commonly referred to as radio halos, indicate the presence of high energy cosmic ray (CR) electrons and cluster-wide magnetic fields. We can predict from theory the expected surface brightness of a radio halo, given magnetic field and CR density profiles. Previous studies have shown that the nature of CR transport can radically effect the expected radio halo emission from clusters (Wiener et al. 2013). Reasonable levels of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave damping can lead to significant CR streaming speeds. But a careful treatment of MHD waves in a high $\beta$ plasma, as expected in cluster environments, reveals damping rates may be enhanced by a factor of $\beta^{1/2}$. This leads to faster CR streaming and lower surface brightnesses than without this effect. In this work we re-examine the simplified, 1D Coma cluster simulations (with radial magnetic fields) of Wiener et al. (2013) and discuss observable consequences of this high $\beta$ damping. Future work is required to study this effect in more realistic simulations.
1706.08525v2
2017-07-02
Metastability of Kolmogorov flows and inviscid damping of shear flows
First, we consider Kolmogorov flow (a shear flow with a sinusoidal velocity profile) for 2D Navier-Stokes equation on a torus. Such flows, also called bar states, have been numerically observed as one type of metastable states in the study of 2D turbulence. For both rectangular and square tori, we prove that the non-shear part of perturbations near Kolmogorov flow decays in a time scale much shorter than the viscous time scale. The results are obtained for both the linearized NS equations with any initial vorticity in L^2, and the nonlinear NS equation with initial L^2 norm of vorticity of the size of viscosity. In the proof, we use the Hamiltonian structure of the linearized Euler equation and RAGE theorem to control the low frequency part of the perturbation. Second, we consider two classes of shear flows for which a sharp stability criterion is known. We show the inviscid damping in a time average sense for non-shear perturbations with initial vorticity in L^2. For the unstable case, the inviscid damping is proved on the center space. Our proof again uses the Hamiltonian structure of the linearized Euler equation and an instability index theory recently developed by Lin and Zeng for Hamiltonian PDEs.
1707.00278v1
2017-09-06
Linear gyrokinetic investigation of the geodesic acoustic modes in realistic tokamak configurations
Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are studied by means of the gyrokinetic global particle-in-cell code ORB5. Linear electromagnetic simulations in the low electron beta limit have been performed, in order to separate acoustic and Alfv\'enic time scales and obtain more accurate measurements. The dependence of the frequency and damping rate on several parameters such as the safety factor, the GAM radial wavenumber and the plasma elongation is studied. All simulations have been performed with kinetic electrons with realistic electron/ion mass ratio. Interpolating formulae for the GAM frequency and damping rate, based on the results of the gyrokinetic simulations, have been derived. Using these expressions, the influence of the temperature gradient on the damping rate is also investigated. Finally, the results are applied to the study of a real discharge of the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak.
1709.01818v1
2017-09-17
Further insights into the damping-induced self-recovery phenomenon
In a series of papers, D. E. Chang, et al., proved and experimentally demonstrated a phenomenon they termed "damping-induced self-recovery". However, these papers left a few questions concerning the observed phenomenon unanswered - in particular, the effect of the intervening lubricant-fluid and its viscosity on the recovery, the abrupt change in behaviour with the introduction of damping, a description of the energy dynamics, and the curious occurrence of overshoots and oscillations and its dependence on the control law. In this paper we attempt to answer these questions through theory. In particular, we derive an expression for the infinite-dimensional fluid-stool-wheel system, that approximates its dynamics to that of the better understood finite-dimensional case.
1709.05596v5
2017-09-19
An Improved Primal-Dual Interior Point Solver for Model Predictive Control
We propose a primal-dual interior-point (PDIP) method for solving quadratic programming problems with linear inequality constraints that typically arise form MPC applications. We show that the solver converges (locally) quadratically to a suboptimal solution of the MPC problem. PDIP solvers rely on two phases: the damped and the pure Newton phases. Compared to state-of-the-art PDIP methods, our solver replaces the initial damped Newton phase (usually used to compute a medium-accuracy solution) with a dual solver based on Nesterov's fast gradient scheme (DFG) that converges with a sublinear convergence rate of order O(1/k^2) to a medium-accuracy solution. The switching strategy to the pure Newton phase, compared to the state of the art, is computed in the dual space to exploit the dual information provided by the DFG in the first phase. Removing the damped Newton phase has the additional advantage that our solver saves the computational effort required by backtracking line search. The effectiveness of the proposed solver is demonstrated on a 2-dimensional discrete-time unstable system and on an aerospace application.
1709.06362v1
2017-09-22
Nonlinear stage of Benjamin-Feir instability in forced/damped deep water waves
We study a three-wave truncation of a recently proposed damped/forced high-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation for deep-water gravity waves under the effect of wind and viscosity. The evolution of the norm (wave-action) and spectral mean of the full model are well captured by the reduced dynamics. Three regimes are found for the wind-viscosity balance: we classify them according to the attractor in the phase-plane of the truncated system and to the shift of the spectral mean. A downshift can coexist with both net forcing and damping, i.e., attraction to period-1 or period-2 solutions. Upshift is associated with stronger winds, i.e., to a net forcing where the attractor is always a period-1 solution. The applicability of our classification to experiments in long wave-tanks is verified.
1709.07850v2
2017-09-27
On long-time asymptotics for viscous hydrodynamic models of collective behavior with damping and nonlocal interactions
Hydrodynamic systems arising in swarming modelling include nonlocal forces in the form of attractive-repulsive potentials as well as pressure terms modelling strong local repulsion. We focus on the case where there is a balance between nonlocal attraction and local pressure in presence of confinement in the whole space. Under suitable assumptions on the potentials and the pressure functions, we show the global existence of weak solutions for the hydrodynamic model with viscosity and linear damping. By introducing linear damping in the system, we ensure the existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions with compactly supported density, fixed mass and center of mass. The associated velocity field is zero in the support of the density. Moreover, we show that global weak solutions converge for large times to the set of these stationary solutions in a suitable sense. In particular cases, we can identify the limiting density uniquely as the global minimizer of the free energy with the right mass and center of mass.
1709.09290v2
2017-09-28
Landau Damping with Electron Lenses in Space-Charge Dominated Beams
Progress on the Intensity Frontier of high energy physics critically depends on record high intensity charged particles accelerators. Beams in such machines become operationally limited by coherent beam instabilities, particularly enhanced in the regime of strong space charge (SC). Usual methods to control the instabilities, such as octupole magnets, beam feedback dampers and employment of chromatic effects, become less effective and insufficient. In [1] it was proposed to employ electron lenses for introduction of sufficient spread in particle oscillation frequencies needed for beam stabilization and in [2] it was shown that electron lenses are uniquely effective for Landau damping of transverse beam instabilities in high energy particle accelerators and their employment does not compromise incoherent (single particle) stability, dynamic aperture and the beam lifetime. Here we consider an important issue of effectiveness of the Landau damping with electron lenses in space-charge dominated beams and demonstrate that the desired stability can be assured with proper choice of the electron beam parameters and current distributions.
1709.10020v1
2017-10-13
Hydrodynamic-to-ballistic crossover in Dirac fluid
We develop an exactly solvable classical kinetic model of transport in Dirac materials accounting for strong electron-electron (e-e) and electron-hole (e-h) collisions. We use this model to track the evolution of graphene conductivity and properties of its collective excitations across the hydrodynamic-to-ballistic crossover. We find the relaxation rate of electric current by e-e collisions that is possible due to the lack of Galilean invariance, and introduce a universal numerical measure of this non-invariance in arbitrary dimension. We find the two branches of collective excitations in the Dirac fluid: plasmons and electron-hole sound. The sound waves have small viscous damping at the neutrality point both in the hydrodynamic and ballistic regimes, but acquire large damping due to e-h friction even at slight doping. On the contrary, plasmons acquire strong frictional damping at the neutrality point and become well-defined in doped samples.
1710.05054v3
2017-10-13
The second hyperpolarizability of systems described by the space-fractional Schrodinger equation
The static second hyperpolarizability is derived from the space-fractional Schr\"{o}dinger equation in the particle-centric view. The Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule matrix elements and the three-level ansatz determines the maximum second hyperpolarizability for a space-fractional quantum system. The total oscillator strength is shown to decrease as the space-fractional parameter $\alpha$ decreases, which reduces the optical response of a quantum system in the presence of an external field. This damped response is caused by the wavefunction dependent position and momentum commutation relation. Although the maximum response is damped, we show that the one-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator is no longer a linear system for $\alpha \neq 1$, where the second hyperpolarizability becomes negative before ultimately damping to zero at the lower fractional limit of $\alpha \rightarrow 1/2$.
1710.05099v2
2017-11-01
Tunable magnetization relaxation of Fe_{2}Cr_{1-x}Co_{x}Si half-metallic Heusler alloys by band structure engineering
We report a systematic investigation on the magnetization relaxation properties of iron-based half-metallic Heusler alloy Fe$_{2}$Cr$_{1-x}$Co_${x}$Si (FCCS) thin films using broadband angular-resolved ferromagnetic resonance. Band structure engineering through Co doping (x) demonstrated by first-principles calculations is shown to tune the intrinsic magnetic damping over an order of magnitude, namely 0.01-0.0008. Notably, the intrinsic damping constants for samples with high Co concentration are among the lowest reported for Heusler alloys and even comparable to magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet. Furthermore, a significant reduction of both isotropic and anisotropic contributions of extrinsic damping of the FCCS alloys was found in the FCCS films with x=0.5-0.75, which is of particular importance for applications. These results demonstrate a practical recipe to tailor functional magnetization for Heusler alloy-based spintronics at room temperature
1711.00406v1
2017-11-08
Bulk viscous corrections to screening and damping in the deconfined phase at high temperature
Non-equilibrium corrections in a hot QCD medium modify the "hard thermal loops" (HTL) which determine the resummed propagators for gluons with soft momenta as well as the Debye screening and Landau damping mass scales. We focus on bulk viscous corrections to a thermal fixed point. The screening and damping mass scales are sensitive to the bulk pressure and perhaps to (pseudo-) critical dynamical scaling of the bulk viscosity in the vicinity of a second-order critical point. This would affect the properties of quarkonium bound states in the deconfined phase.
1711.03072v1
2017-11-29
A model explaining neutrino masses and the DAMPE cosmic ray electron excess
We propose a flavored $U(1)_{e\mu}$ neutrino mass and dark matter~(DM) model to explain the recent DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) data, which feature an excess on the cosmic ray electron plus positron flux around 1.4 TeV. Only the first two lepton generations of the Standard Model are charged under the new $U(1)_{e\mu}$ gauge symmetry. A vector-like fermion $\psi$, which is our DM candidate, annihilates into $e^{\pm}$ and $\mu^{\pm}$ via the new gauge boson $Z'$ exchange and accounts for the DAMPE excess. We have found that the data favors a $\psi$ mass around 1.5~TeV and a $Z'$ mass around 2.6~TeV, which can potentially be probed by the next generation lepton colliders and DM direct detection experiments.
1711.10995v2
2017-11-29
Electrophilic dark matter with dark photon: from DAMPE to direct detection
The electron-positron excess reported by the DAMPE collaboration recently may be explained by an electrophilic dark matter (DM). A standard model singlet fermion may play the role of such a DM when it is stablized by some symmetries, such as a dark $U(1)_X^{}$ gauge symmetry, and dominantly annihilates into the electron-positron pairs through the exchange of a scalar mediator. The model, with appropriate Yukawa couplings, can well interpret the DAMPE excess. Naively one expects that in this type of models the DM-nucleon cross section should be small since there is no tree-level DM-quark interactions. We however find that at one-loop level, a testable DM-nucleon cross section can be induced for providing ways to test the electrophilic model. We also find that a $U(1)$ kinetic mixing can generate a sizable DM-nucleon cross section although the $U(1)_X^{}$ dark photon only has a negligible contribution to the DM annihilation. Depending on the signs of the mixing parameter, the dark photon can enhance/reduce the one-loop induced DM-nucleon cross section.
1711.11000v2
2017-11-30
Leptophilic dark matter in gauged $U(1)_{L_e-L_μ}$ model in light of DAMPE cosmic ray $e^+ + e^-$ excess
Motivated by the very recent cosmic-ray electron+positron excess observed by DAMPE collaboration, we investigate a Dirac fermion dark matter (DM) in the gauged $L_e - L_\mu$ model. DM interacts with the electron and muon via the $U(1)_{e-\mu}$ gauge boson $Z^{'}$. The model can explain the DAMPE data well. Although a non-zero DM-nucleon cross section is only generated at one loop level and there is a partial cancellation between $Z^{'}ee$ and $Z^{'}\mu\mu$ couplings, we find that a large portion of $Z^{'}$ mass is ruled out from direct DM detection limit leaving the allowed $Z^{'}$ mass to be close to two times of the DM mass. Implications for $pp \to Z^{'} \to 2\ell$ and $pp \to 2\ell + Z^{'}$ , and muon $g-2$ anomaly are also studied.
1711.11563v3
2017-12-03
Explaining the DAMPE $e^+ e^-$ excess using the Higgs triplet model with a vector dark matter
We explain the $e^+ e^-$ excess observed by the DAMPE Collaboration using a dark matter model based upon the Higgs triplet model and an additional hidden $SU(2)_X$ gauge symmetry. Two of the $SU(2)_X$ gauge bosons are stable due to a residual discrete symmetry and serve as the dark matter candidate. We search the parameter space for regions that can explain the observed relic abundance, and compute the flux of $e^+ e^-$ coming from a nearby dark matter subhalo. With the inclusion of background cosmic rays, we show that the model can render a good fit to the entire energy spectrum covering the AMS-02, Fermi-LAT and DAMPE data.
1712.00793v2
2017-12-06
Explain DAMPE Results by Dark Matter With Hierarchical Lepton-Specific Yukawa Interactions
We propose to interpret the DAMPE electron excess at 1.5 TeV through scalar or Dirac fermion dark matter (DM) annihilation with doubly charged scalar mediators that have lepton-specific Yukawa couplings. Hierarchy of such lepton-specific Yukawa couplings is generated through the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism, so that the dark matter annihilation products can be dominantly electrons. Stringent constraints from LEP2 on intermediate vector boson production can be evaded in our scenarios. In the case of scalar DM, we discuss one scenario with DM annihilating directly to leptons and the other scenario with DM annihilating to scalar mediators followed by their decays. We also discuss the Breit-Wigner resonant enhancement and the Sommerfeld enhancement in case that the s-wave annihilation process is small or helicity suppressed. With both types of enhancement, constraints on the parameters can be relaxed and new ways for model building will be open in explaining the DAMPE results.
1712.02381v3
2017-12-08
Kinetic damping in the spectra of the spherical impedance probe
The impedance probe is a measurement device to measure plasma parameter like electron density. It consists of one electrode connected to a network analyzer via a coaxial cable and is immersed into a plasma. A bias potential superposed with an alternating potential is applied to the electrode and the response of the plasma is measured. Its dynamical interaction with the plasma in electrostatic, kinetic description can be modeled in an abstract notation based on functional analytic methods. These methods provide the opportunity to derive a general solution, which is given as the response function of the probe-plasma system. It is defined by the matrix elements of the resolvent of an appropriate dynamical operator. Based on the general solution a residual damping for vanishing pressure can be predicted and can only be explained by kinetic effects. Within this manuscript an explicit response function of the spherical impedance probe is derived. Therefore, the resolvent is determined by its algebraic representation based on an expansion in orthogonal basis functions. This allows to compute an approximated response function and its corresponding spectra. These spectra show additional damping due to kinetic effects and are in good agreement with former kinetically determined spectra.
1712.03126v1
2017-12-14
DAMPE squib? Significance of the 1.4 TeV DAMPE excess
We present a Bayesian and frequentist analysis of the DAMPE charged cosmic ray spectrum. The spectrum, by eye, contained a spectral break at about 1 TeV and a monochromatic excess at about 1.4 TeV. The break was supported by a Bayes factor of about $10^{10}$ and we argue that the statistical significance was resounding. We investigated whether we should attribute the excess to dark matter annihilation into electrons in a nearby subhalo. We found a local significance of about $3.6\sigma$ and a global significance of about $2.3\sigma$, including a two-dimensional look-elsewhere effect by simulating 1000 pseudo-experiments. The Bayes factor was sensitive to our choices of priors, but favoured the excess by about 2 for our choices. Thus, whilst intriguing, the evidence for a signal is not currently compelling.
1712.05089v1
2017-12-15
Radiative Seesaw Model and DAMPE Excess from Leptophilic Gauge Symmetry
In the light of the $e^{+}+e^{-}$ excess observed by DAMPE experiment, we propose an anomaly-free radiative seesaw model with an alternative leptophilic $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry. In the model, only right-handed leptons are charged under $U(1)_X$ symmetry. The tiny Dirac neutrino masses are generated at one-loop level and charged leptons acquire masses though the type-I seesaw-like mechanism with heavy intermediate fermions. In order to cancel the anomaly, irrational $U(1)_{X}$ charge numbers are assigned to some new particles. After the spontaneous breaking of $U(1)_{X}$ symmetry, the dark $Z_{2}$ symmetry could appear as a residual symmetry such that the stability of inert particles with irrational charge numbers are guaranteed, naturally leading to stable DM candidates. We show that the Dirac fermion DM contained in the model can explain the DAMPE excess. Meanwhile, experimental constraints from DM relic density, direct detection, LEP and anomalous magnetic moments are satisfied.
1712.05722v2
2017-12-19
Damping of Josephson oscillations in strongly correlated one-dimensional atomic gases
We study Josephson oscillations of two strongly correlated one-dimensional bosonic clouds separated by a localized barrier. Using a quantum-Langevin approach and the exact Tonks-Girardeau solution in the impenetrable-boson limit, we determine the dynamical evolution of the particle-number imbalance, displaying an effective damping of the Josephson oscillations which depends on barrier height, interaction strength and temperature. We show that the damping originates from the quantum and thermal fluctuations intrinsically present in the strongly correlated gas. Thanks to the density-phase duality of the model, the same results apply to particle-current oscillations in a one-dimensional ring where a weak barrier couples different angular momentum states.
1712.06949v2
2017-12-21
The gluon condensation effects in the DAMPE cosmic ray spectrum of electrons and positrons
Gluons dominate the proton behavior at high energy collisions, they can be condensed at ultra high energy. The collisions of the accelerated high energy protons with interplanetary matter in cosmic rays will produce a huge number of secondary particles at the gluon condensate energy region, which break the primary power-law of cosmic rays. The above predictions seem to be consistent with the recent DAMPE data concerning the electron plus positron spectra. We find that the smoothly broken power-law at $\sim 0.9 TeV$ and $3\sim 4 TeV$ in the DAMPE data can be understood as the gluon condensation effects in proton.
1712.07868v2
2017-12-22
Low-momentum dynamic structure factor of a strongly interacting Fermi gas at finite temperature: The Goldstone phonon and its Landau damping
We develop a microscopic theory of dynamic structure factor to describe the Bogoliubov-Anderson-Goldstone phonon mode and its damping rate in a strongly interacting Fermi gas at finite temperature. It is based on a density functional approach - the so-called superfluid local density approximation. The accuracy of the theory is quantitatively examined by comparing the theoretical predictions with the recent experimental measurements for the local dynamic structure factor of a nearly homogeneous unitary Fermi gas at low transferred momentum {[}S. Hoinka \textit{et al.}, Nat. Phys. \textbf{13}, 943 (2017){]}, without any free parameters. We calculate the dynamic structure factor as functions of temperature and transferred momentum, and determine the temperature evolution of the phonon damping rate, by considering the dominant decay process of the phonon mode via scatterings off fermionic quasiparticles. These predictions can be confronted with future Bragg scattering experiments on a unitary Fermi gas near the superfluid transition.
1712.08318v1
2017-12-22
A brief summary of nonlinear echoes and Landau damping
In this expository note we review some recent results on Landau damping in the nonlinear Vlasov equations, focusing specifically on the recent construction of nonlinear echo solutions by the author [arXiv:1605.06841] and the associated background. These solutions show that a straightforward extension of Mouhot and Villani's theorem on Landau damping to Sobolev spaces on $\mathbb T^n_x \times \mathbb R^n_v $ is impossible and hence emphasize the subtle dependence on regularity of phase mixing problems. This expository note is specifically aimed at mathematicians who study the analysis of PDEs, but not necessarily those who work specifically on kinetic theory. However, for the sake of brevity, this review is certainly not comprehensive.
1712.08498v1
2017-12-28
Coherence evolution in two-qubit system going through amplitude damping channel
In this paper, we analyze the evolution of quantum coherence in a two-qubit system going through the amplitude damping channel. After they have gone through this channel many times, we analyze the systems with respect to the coherence of their output states. When only one subsystem goes through the channel, frozen coherence occurs if and only if this subsystem is incoherent and an auxiliary condition is satisfied for the other subsystem. When two subsystems go through this quantum channel, quantum coherence can be frozen if and only if the two subsystems are both incoherent. We also investigate the evolution of coherence for maximally incoherent-coherent states and derive an equation for the output states after one or two subsystems have gone through the amplitude damping channel.
1712.09769v1
2018-01-09
Balanced Truncation Model Reduction of a Nonlinear Cable-Mass PDE System with Interior Damping
We consider model order reduction of a nonlinear cable-mass system modeled by a 1D wave equation with interior damping and dynamic boundary conditions. The system is driven by a time dependent forcing input to a linear mass-spring system at one boundary. The goal of the model reduction is to produce a low order model that produces an accurate approximation to the displacement and velocity of the mass in the nonlinear mass-spring system at the opposite boundary. We first prove that the linearized and nonlinear unforced systems are well-posed and exponentially stable under certain conditions on the damping parameters, and then consider a balanced truncation method to generate the reduced order model (ROM) of the nonlinear input-output system. Little is known about model reduction of nonlinear input-output systems, and so we present detailed numerical experiments concerning the performance of the nonlinear ROM. We find that the ROM is accurate for many different combinations of model parameters.
1801.02792v1
2018-01-18
Analytic solutions to various dissipation models of the simple and driven quantum harmonic oscillator
We obtain analytic solutions to various models of dissipation of the quantum harmonic oscillator, employing a simple method in the Wigner function Fourier transform description of the system; and study as an exemplification, the driven open quantum harmonic oscillator. The environmental models we use are based on optical master equations for the zero and finite temperature bath and whose open dynamics are described by a Lindblad master equation, and also we use the Caldeira-Leggett model for the high temperature limit, in the the under damped an the over damped case. Under the Wigner Fourier transform or chord function as it has been called, it becomes particularly simple to solve the dynamics of the open oscillator in the sense that the dynamics of the system are reduced to the application of an evolution matrix related to the damped motion of the oscillator.
1801.05943v1
2018-02-12
Chance-constrained optimal location of damping control actuators under wind power variability
This paper proposes a new probabilistic energy-based method to determine the optimal installation location of electronically-interfaced resources (EIRs) considering dynamic reinforcement under wind variability in systems with high penetration of wind power. The oscillation energy and total action are used to compare the dynamic performance for different EIR locations. A linear approximation of the total action critically reduces the computational time from hours to minutes. Simulating an IEEE-39 bus system with 30% of power generation sourced from wind, a chance-constrained optimization is carried out to decide the location of an energy storage system (ESS) adding damping to the system oscillations. The results show that the proposed method, selecting the bus location that guarantees the best dynamic performance with highest probability, is superior to both traditional dominant mode analysis and arbitrary benchmarks for damping ratios.
1802.04354v1
2018-02-21
On the vibron-polaron damping in quasi 1D macromolecular chains
The properties of the intramolecular vibrational excitation (vibron) in a quasi 1D macromolecular structure are studied. It is supposed that due to the vibron interaction with optical phonon modes, a vibron might form partially dressed small polaron states. The properties of these states are investigated in dependence on the basic system parameters and temperature of a thermal bath. We also investigate the process of damping of the polaron amplitude as a function of temperature and vibron-phonon coupling strength. Two different regimes of the polaron damping are found and discussed.
1802.07424v1
2018-02-27
Impact of damping on superconducting gap oscillations induced by intense Terahertz pulses
We investigate the interplay between gap oscillations and damping in the dynamics of superconductors taken out of equilibrium by strong optical pulses with sub-gap Terahertz frequencies. A semi-phenomenological formalism is developed to include the damping within the electronic subsystem that arises from effects beyond BCS, such as interactions between Bogoliubov quasiparticles and decay of the Higgs mode. Such processes are conveniently expressed as $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$ times in the standard pseudospin language for superconductors. Comparing with data on NbN that we report here, we argue that the superconducting dynamics in the picosecond time scale, after the pump is turned off, is governed by the $T_{2}$ process.
1802.09711v2
2018-02-28
Analysis of imperfections in the coherent optical excitation of single atoms to Rydberg states
We study experimentally various physical limitations and technical imperfections that lead to damping and finite contrast of optically-driven Rabi oscillations between ground and Rydberg states of a single atom. Finite contrast is due to preparation and detection errors and we show how to model and measure them accurately. Part of these errors originates from the finite lifetime of Rydberg states and we observe its $n^3$-scaling with the principal quantum number $n$. To explain the damping of Rabi oscillations, we use simple numerical models, taking into account independently measured experimental imperfections, and show that the observed damping actually results from the accumulation of several small effects, each at the level of a few percents. We discuss prospects for improving the coherence of ground-Rydberg Rabi oscillations in view of applications in quantum simulation and quantum information processing with arrays of single Rydberg atoms.
1802.10424v1
2018-03-07
Connecting dissipation and noncommutativity: A Bateman system case study
Quantum effects on a pair of Bateman oscillators embedded in an ambient noncommutative space (Moyal plane) is analyzed using both path integral and canonical quantization schemes within the framework of Hilbert-Schmidt operator formulation. We adopt a method which is distinct from the one which employs 't Hooft's scheme of quantization, carried out earlier in the literature where the ambient space was taken to be commutative. Our quantization shows that we end up finally again with a Bateman system except that the damping factor undergoes renormalization. The corresponding expression shows that the renormalized damping factor can be non-zero even if "bare" one is zero to begin with. Conversely, the noncommuatative parameter $\theta$, taken to be a free one now, can be fine-tuned to get a vanishing renormalized damping factor. This indicates a duality between dissipative commutative theory and non-dissipative noncommutative theory.
1803.03334v1
2018-03-18
A machine learning method to separate cosmic ray electrons from protons from 10 to 100 GeV using DAMPE data
DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a general purpose high energy cosmic ray and gamma ray observatory, aiming to detect high energy electrons and gammas in the energy range 5 GeV to 10 TeV and hundreds of TeV for nuclei. This paper provides a method using machine learning to identify electrons and separate them from gammas,protons,helium and heavy nuclei with the DAMPE data from 2016 January 1 to 2017 June 30, in energy range from 10 to 100 GeV.
1803.06628v2
2018-03-20
Estimating Participation Factors and Mode Shapes for Electromechanical Oscillations in Ambient Conditions
In this paper, a new technique is applied to conduct mode identification using ambient measurement data. The proposed hybrid measurement- and model-based method can accurately estimate the system state matrix in ambient conditions, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of which readily provide all the modal knowledge including frequencies, damping ratios, mode shapes, and more importantly, participation factors. Numerical simulations show that the proposed technique is able to provide accurate estimation of modal knowledge for all modes. In addition, the discrepancy between the participation factor and the mode shape is shown through a numerical example, demonstrating that using the mode shape may not effectively pinpoint the best location for damping control. Therefore, the proposed technique capable of estimating participation factors may greatly facilitate designing damping controls.
1803.07264v1
2018-03-21
Globally Stable Output Feedback Synchronization of Teleoperation with Time-Varying Delays
This paper presents a globally stable teleoperation control strategy for systems with time-varying delays that eliminates the need for velocity measurements through novel augmented Immersion and Invariance velocity observers. The new observers simplify a recent constructive Immersion and Invariance velocity observer to achieve globally convergent velocity estimation with only $n+2$ states, where $n$ is the number of degrees of freedom of the master and slave robots. They introduce dynamic scaling factors to accelerate the speed of convergence of the velocity estimates and, thus, to limit the energy generated by the velocity estimation errors and to guarantee sufficient estimate-based damping injection to dissipate the energy generated by the time-varying delays. The paper shows that Proportional plus damping control with the simplified and augmented Immersion and Invariance-based velocity observers can synchronize the free master and slave motions in the presence of time-varying delays without using velocity measurements. Numerical results illustrate the estimation performance of the new observers and the stability of a simulated two degrees-of-freedom nonlinear teleoperation system with time-varying delays under the proposed output feedback Proportional plus damping control.
1803.08159v1
2018-03-29
Stochastic conformal multi-symplectic method for damped stochastic nonlinear Schrodinger equation
In this paper, we propose a stochastic conformal multi-symplectic method for a class of damped stochastic Hamiltonian partial differential equations in order to inherit the intrinsic properties, and apply the numerical method to solve a kind of damped stochastic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with multiplicative noise. It is shown that the stochastic conformal multi-symplectic method preserves the discrete stochastic conformal multi-symplectic conservation law, the discrete charge exponential dissipation law almost surely, and we also deduce the recurrence relation of the discrete global energy. Numerical experiments are preformed to verify the good performance of the proposed stochastic conformal multi-symplectic method, compared with a Crank-Nicolson type method. Finally, we present the mean square convergence result of the proposed numerical method in temporal direction numerically.
1803.10885v1
2018-04-01
Bounded Connectivity-Preserving Coordination of Networked Euler-Lagrange Systems
This paper derives sufficient conditions for bounded distributed connectivity-preserving coordination of Euler-Lagrange systems with only position measurements and with system uncertainties, respectively. The paper proposes two strategies that suitably scale conventional gradient-based controls to account for the actuation bounds and to reserve sufficient actuation for damping injection. For output feedback control of networked systems with only position measurements, the paper incorporates a first-order filter to estimate velocities and to inject damping for stability. For networks of uncertain systems, the paper augments conventional linear filter-based adaptive compensation with damping injection to maintain the local connectivity of the network. Analyses based on monotonically decreasing Lyapunov-like functions and Barbalat's lemma lead to sufficient conditions for bounded local connectivity-preserving coordination of Euler-Lagrange networks under the two strategies. The sufficient conditions clarify the interrelationships among the bounded actuations, initial system velocities and initial inter-system distances. Simulation results validate these conditions.
1804.00333v1
2018-04-09
Damping and clustering into crowded environment of catalytic chemical oscillators
A system formed by a crowded environment of catalytic obstacles and complex oscillatory chemical reactions is inquired. The obstacles are static spheres of equal radius, which are placed in a random way. The chemical reactions are carried out in a fluid following a multiparticle collision scheme where the mass, energy and local momentum are conserved. Firstly, it is explored how the presence of catalytic obstacles changes the oscillatory dynamics from a limit cycle to a fix point reached after a damping. The damping is characterized by the decay constant, which grows linearly with volume fraction for low values of the mesoscale collision time and the catalytic reaction constant. Additionally, it is shown that, although the distribution of obstacles is random, there are regions in the system where the catalytic chemical reactions are favored. This entails that in average the radius of gyrations of catalytic chemical reaction does not match with the radius of gyration of obstacles, that is, clusters of reactions emerge on the catalytic obstacles, even when the diffusion is significant.
1804.03174v1
2018-04-17
Modelling linewidths of Kepler red giants in NGC 6819
We present a comparison between theoretical, frequency-dependent, damping rates and linewidths of radial-mode oscillations in red-giant stars located in the open cluster NGC 6819. The calculations adopt a time-dependent non-local convection model, with the turbulent pressure profile being calibrated to results of 3D hydrodynamical simulations of stellar atmospheres. The linewidths are obtained from extensive peakbagging of Kepler lightcurves. These observational results are of unprecedented quality owing to the long continuous observations by Kepler. The uniqueness of the Kepler mission also means that, for asteroseismic properties, this is the best data that will be available for a long time to come. We therefore take great care in modelling nine RGB stars in NGC 6819 using information from 3D simulations to obtain realistic temperature stratifications and calibrated turbulent pressure profiles. Our modelled damping rates reproduce well the Kepler observations, including the characteristic depression in the linewidths around the frequency of maximum oscillation power. Furthermore, we thoroughly test the sensitivity of the calculated damping rates to changes in the parameters of the nonlocal convection model.
1804.06255v1
2018-04-24
$\text{Co}_{25}\text{Fe}_{75}$ Thin Films with Ultralow Total Damping
We measure the dynamic properties of $\text{Co}_{25}\text{Fe}_{75}$ thin films grown by dc magnetron sputtering. Using ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we demonstrate an ultralow total damping parameter in the out-of-plane configuration of < 0.0013, whereas for the in-plane configuration we find a minimum total damping of < 0.0020. In both cases, we observe low inhomogeneous linewidth broadening in macroscopic films. We observe a minimum full-width half-maximum linewidth of 1 mT at 10 GHz resonance frequency for a 12 nm thick film. We characterize the morphology and structure of these films as a function of seed layer combinations and find large variation of the qualitative behavior of the in-plane linewidth vs. resonance frequency. Finally, we use wavevector-dependent Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy to characterize the spin-wave dispersion at wave vectors up to 23 $\mu \text{m}^{-1}$.
1804.08786v1
2018-05-15
Simple Nonlinear Models with Rigorous Extreme Events and Heavy Tails
Extreme events and the heavy tail distributions driven by them are ubiquitous in various scientific, engineering and financial research. They are typically associated with stochastic instability caused by hidden unresolved processes. Previous studies have shown that such instability can be modeled by a stochastic damping in conditional Gaussian models. However, these results are mostly obtained through numerical experiments, while a rigorous understanding of the underlying mechanism is sorely lacking. This paper contributes to this issue by establishing a theoretical framework, in which the tail density of conditional Gaussian models can be rigorously determined. In rough words, we show that if the stochastic damping takes negative values, the tail is polynomial; if the stochastic damping is nonnegative but takes value zero, the tail is between exponential and Gaussian. The proof is established by constructing a novel, product-type Lyapunov function, where a Feynman-Kac formula is applied. The same framework also leads to a non-asymptotic large deviation bound for long-time averaging processes.
1805.05615v3
2018-06-18
Theoretical interpretations of DAMPE first results: a critical review
The DAMPE experiment recently published its first results on the lepton ($e^+ + e^-$) cosmic-ray (CRs) flux. These results are of importance since they account for the first direct detection of the lepton break around the energy of 1 TeV and confirm the discoveries of ground-based Cherenkov detectors. Meanwhile they reveal a new high-energy feature in the spectrum which triggered a lot of excitement on the theory side, when interpreted as the typical signature of leptophilic dark-matter annihilation. In this proceeding I mainly focus on the theoretical understanding of the lepton break. Then I quickly review the status of the more speculative line-like DAMPE excess, whose astrophysical (pulsar) or exotic (dark matter) explanation is strongly constrained by multi-messenger astronomy.
1806.06534v1
2018-07-17
Bipartite and Tripartite Entanglement for Three Damped Driven Qubits
We investigate bipartite and tripartite entanglement in an open quantum system, specifically three qubits, all of which are damped, and one of which is driven. We adapt a systematic approach in calculating the entanglement of various bipartite splits usinga generalized concurrence as an indicator of entanglement. Our calculations are based on a direct detection scheme that is a particular unravelling of the density matrix. This system has a collective dipole-dipole energy shift that couples the atoms and the dissipation is via partially collective spontaneous emission described by the Lehmberg-Agarwal master equation.Our results are unravelling dependent, but apply to applications of entanglement based on direct detection. We also calculate the three-way tangle or residual entanglement for this system. We present calculations for a variety of driving and damping rates, and examine what decay rate is adequate for the system to be reduced to two qubits with a readout port. We also consider a specific model of three atoms located at particular positions in free space.
1807.06178v1
2018-07-24
Interplay between intermittency and dissipation in collisionless plasma turbulence
We study the damping of collisionless Alfv\'enic turbulence by two mechanisms: stochastic heating (whose efficiency depends on the local turbulence amplitude $\delta z_\lambda$) and linear Landau damping (whose efficiency is independent of $\delta z_\lambda$), describing in detail how they affect and are affected by intermittency. The overall efficiency of linear Landau damping is not affected by intermittency in critically balanced turbulence, while stochastic heating is much more efficient in the presence of intermittent turbulence. Moreover, stochastic heating leads to a drop in the scale-dependent kurtosis over a narrow range of scales around the ion gyroscale.
1807.09301v2
2018-07-31
Input-to-State Stability of a Clamped-Free Damped String in the Presence of Distributed and Boundary Disturbances
This note establishes the Exponential Input-to-State Stability (EISS) property for a clamped-free damped string with respect to distributed and boundary disturbances. While efficient methods for establishing ISS properties for distributed parameter systems with respect to distributed disturbances have been developed during the last decades, establishing ISS properties with respect to boundary disturbances remains challenging. One of the well-known methods for well-posedness analysis of systems with boundary inputs is the use of a lifting operator for transferring the boundary disturbance to a distributed one. However, the resulting distributed disturbance involves time derivatives of the boundary perturbation. Thus, the subsequent ISS estimate depends on its amplitude, and may not be expressed in the strict form of ISS properties. To solve this problem, we show for a clamped-free damped string equation that the projection of the original system trajectories in an adequate Riesz basis can be used to establish the desired EISS property.
1807.11696v2
2018-07-31
Spin absorption at ferromagnetic-metal/platinum-oxide interface
We investigate the absorption of a spin current at a ferromagnetic-metal/Pt-oxide interface by measuring current-induced ferromagnetic resonance. The spin absorption was characterized by the magnetic damping of the heterostructure. We show that the magnetic damping of a Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ film is clearly enhanced by attaching Pt-oxide on the Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ film. The damping enhancement is disappeared by inserting an ultrathin Cu layer between the Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ and Pt-oxide layers. These results demonstrate an essential role of the direct contact between the Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ and Pt-oxide to induce sizable interface spin-orbit coupling. Furthermore, the spin-absorption parameter of the Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$/Pt-oxide interface is comparable to that of intensively studied heterostructures with strong spin-orbit coupling, such as an oxide interface, topological insulators, metallic junctions with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. This result illustrates strong spin-orbit coupling at the ferromagnetic-metal/Pt-oxide interface, providing an important piece of information for quantitative understanding the spin absorption and spin-charge conversion at the ferromagnetic-metal/metallic-oxide interface.
1807.11806v1
2018-08-16
Stability analysis of dissipative systems subject to nonlinear damping via Lyapunov techniques
In this article, we provide a general strategy based on Lyapunov functionals to analyse global asymptotic stability of linear infinite-dimensional systems subject to nonlinear dampings under the assumption that the origin of the system is globally asymp-totically stable with a linear damping. To do so, we first characterize, in terms of Lyapunov functionals, several types of asymptotic stability for linear infinite-dimensional systems, namely the exponential and the polynomial stability. Then, we derive a Lyapunov functional for the nonlinear system, which is the sum of a Lyapunov functional coming from the linear system and another term with compensates the nonlinearity. Our results are then applied to the linearized Korteweg-de Vries equation and some wave equations.
1808.05370v1
2018-09-05
On the forced Euler and Navier-Stokes equations: Linear damping and modified scattering
We study the asymptotic behavior of the forced linear Euler and nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations close to Couette flow in a periodic channel. As our main result we show that for smooth time-periodic forcing linear inviscid damping persists, i.e. the velocity field (weakly) asymptotically converges. However, stability and scattering to the transport problem fail in $H^{s}, s>-1$. We further show that this behavior is consistent with the nonlinear Euler equations and that a similar result also holds for the nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations. Hence, these results provide an indication that nonlinear inviscid damping may still hold in Sobolev regularity in the above sense despite the Gevrey regularity instability results of [Deng-Masmoudi 2018].
1809.01729v1
2018-09-12
Theory of bifurcation amplifiers utilizing the nonlinear dynamical response of an optically damped mechanical oscillator
We consider a standard optomechanical system where a mechanical oscillator is coupled to a cavity mode through the radiation pressure interaction. The oscillator is coherently driven at its resonance frequency, whereas the cavity mode is driven below its resonance, providing optical damping of the mechanical oscillations. We study the nonlinear coherent response of the mechanical oscillator in this setup. For large mechanical amplitudes, we find that the system can display dynamical multistability if the optomechanical cooperativity exceeds a critical value. This analysis relates standard optomechanical damping to the dynamical attractors known from the theory of optomechanical self-sustained oscillations. We also investigate the effect of thermal and quantum noise and estimate the noise-induced switching rate between the stable states of the system. We then consider applications of this system and primarily focus on how it can be used as bifurcation amplifiers for the detection of small mechanical or optical signals. Finally, we show that in a related but more complicated setup featuring resonant optomechanical interactions, the same effects can be realized with a relaxed requirement on the size of the mechanical oscillations.
1809.04592v2
2018-09-13
Second order asymptotical regularization methods for inverse problems in partial differential equations
We develop Second Order Asymptotical Regularization (SOAR) methods for solving inverse source problems in elliptic partial differential equations with both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary data. We show the convergence results of SOAR with the fixed damping parameter, as well as with a dynamic damping parameter, which is a continuous analog of Nesterov's acceleration method. Moreover, by using Morozov's discrepancy principle together with a newly developed total energy discrepancy principle, we prove that the approximate solution of SOAR weakly converges to an exact source function as the measurement noise goes to zero. A damped symplectic scheme, combined with the finite element method, is developed for the numerical implementation of SOAR, which yields a novel iterative regularization scheme for solving inverse source problems. Several numerical examples are given to show the accuracy and the acceleration effect of SOAR. A comparison with the state-of-the-art methods is also provided.
1809.04971v2
2018-09-24
Oscillation Damping Control of Pendulum-like Manipulation Platform using Moving Masses
This paper presents an approach to damp out the oscillatory motion of the pendulum-like hanging platform on which a robotic manipulator is mounted. To this end, moving masses were installed on top of the platform. In this paper, asymptotic stability of the platform (which implies oscillation damping) is achieved by designing reference acceleration of the moving masses properly. A main feature of this work is that we can achieve asymptotic stability of not only the platform, but also the moving masses, which may be challenging due to the under-actuation nature. The proposed scheme is validated by the simulation studies.
1809.08819v1