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2022-12-15
Formation of shifted shock for the 3D compressible Euler equations with time-dependent damping
In this paper, we show the shock formation to the compressible Euler equations with time-dependent damping $\frac{a\p u}{(1+t)^{\lam}}$ in three spatial dimensions without any symmetry conditions. It's well-known that for $\lam>1$, the damping is too weak to prevent the shock formation for suitably large data. However, the classical results only showed the finite existence of the solution. Follow the work by D.Christodoulou in\cite{christodoulou2007}, starting from the initial isentropic and irrotational short pulse data, we show the formation of shock is characterized by the collapse of the characteristic hypersurfaces and the vanishing of the inverse foliation density function $\mu$, at which the first derivatives of the velocity and the density blow up, and the lifespan $T_{\ast}(a,\lam)$ is exponentially large. Moreover, the damping effect will shift the time of shock formation $T_{\ast}$. The methods in the paper can also be extended to the Euler equations with general time-decay damping.
2212.07828v1
2023-01-15
Damped-driven system of bouncing droplets leading to deterministic diffusive behavior
Damped-driven systems are ubiquitous in science, however the damping and driving mechanisms are often quite convoluted. This manuscript presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of a fluidic droplet on a vertically vibrating fluid bath as a damped-driven system. We study a fluidic droplet in an annular cavity with the fluid bath forced above the Faraday wave threshold. We model the droplet as a kinematic point particle in air and as inelastic collisions during impact with the bath. In both experiments and the model the droplet is observed to chaotically change velocity with a Gaussian distribution. Finally, the statistical distributions from experiments and theory are analyzed. Incredibly, this simple deterministic interaction of damping and driving of the droplet leads to more complex Brownian-like and Levy-like behavior.
2301.06041v2
2023-03-01
Generation of intraparticle quantum correlations in amplitude damping channel and its robustness
Quantum correlations between two or more different degrees of freedom of the same particle is sometimes referred to as intraparticle entanglement. In this work, we study these intra-particle correlations between two different degrees of freedom under various decoherence channels viz. amplitude damping, depolarising and phase damping channels. We observe a unique feature of the amplitude damping channel, wherein entanglement is shown to arise starting from separable states. In case of non maximally entangled input states, in addition to entanglement sudden death, the creation of entanglement is also observed, having an asymptotic decay over a long time. These counter-intuitive behaviours arise due to the subtle interplay of channel and input state parameters, and are not seen for interparticle entanglement without consideration of non-Markovian noise. It is also not observed for maximally entangled input states. Furthermore, investigation of entanglement evolution in phase damping and depolarizing channels shows its robustness against decoherence as compared to interparticle entanglement.
2303.01238v1
2023-03-16
Quantum Brownian Motion in the Caldeira-Leggett Model with a Damped Environment
We model a quantum system coupled to an environment of damped harmonic oscillators by following the approach of Caldeira-Leggett and adopting the Caldirola-Kanai Lagrangian for the bath oscillators. In deriving the master equation of the quantum system of interest (a particle in a general potential), we show that the potential is modified non-trivially by a new inverted harmonic oscillator term, induced by the damping of the bath oscillators. We analyze numerically the case of a particle in a double-well potential, and find that this modification changes both the rate of decoherence at short times and the well-transfer probability at longer times. We also identify a simple rescaling condition that keeps the potential fixed despite changes in the environmental damping. Here, the increase of environmental damping leads to a slowing of decoherence.
2303.09516v1
2023-03-22
A Numerical Study of Landau Damping with PETSc-PIC
We present a study of the standard plasma physics test, Landau damping, using the Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm. The Landau damping phenomenon consists of the damping of small oscillations in plasmas without collisions. In the PIC method, a hybrid discretization is constructed with a grid of finitely supported basis functions to represent the electric, magnetic and/or gravitational fields, and a distribution of delta functions to represent the particle field. Approximations to the dispersion relation are found to be inadequate in accurately calculating values for the electric field frequency and damping rate when parameters of the physical system, such as the plasma frequency or thermal velocity, are varied. We present a full derivation and numerical solution for the dispersion relation, and verify the PETSC-PIC numerical solutions to the Vlasov-Poisson for a large range of wave numbers and charge densities.
2303.12620v1
2023-04-07
Shifted shock formation for the 3D compressible Euler equations with damping and variation of the vorticity
In this paper, we consider the shock formation problem for the 3-dimensional(3D) compressible Euler equations with damping inspired by the work \cite{BSV3Dfulleuler}. It will be shown that for a class of large data, the damping can not prevent the formation of point shock, and the damping effect shifts the shock time and the wave amplitude while the shock location and the blow up direction remain the same with the information of this point shock being computed explicitly. Moreover, the vorticity is concentrated in the non-blow-up direction, which varies exponentially due to the damping effect. Our proof is based on the estimates for the modulated self-similar variables and lower bounds for the Lagrangian trajectories.
2304.03506v2
2023-07-05
Bayesian evidence for two slow-wave damping models in hot coronal loops
We compute the evidence in favour of two models, one based on field-aligned thermal conduction alone and another that includes thermal misbalance as well, in explaining the damping of slow magneto-acoustic waves in hot coronal loops. Our analysis is based on the computation of the marginal likelihood and the Bayes factor for the two damping models. We quantify their merit in explaining the apparent relationship between slow mode periods and damping times, measured with SOHO/SUMER in a set of hot coronal loops. The results indicate evidence in favour of the model with thermal misbalance in the majority of the sample, with a small population of loops for which thermal conduction alone is more plausible. The apparent possibility of two different regimes of slow-wave damping, if due to differences between the loops of host active regions and/or the photospheric dynamics, may help with revealing the coronal heating mechanism.
2307.02439v1
2023-07-24
From characteristic functions to multivariate distribution functions and European option prices by the damped COS method
We provide a unified framework for the computation of the distribution function and the computation of prices of financial options from the characteristic function of some density by the COS method. The classical COS method is numerically very efficient in one-dimension but cannot deal very well with certain financial options in general dimensions. Therefore, we introduce the damped COS method which can handle a large class of integrands very efficiently. We prove the convergence of the (damped) COS method and study its order of convergence. The (damped) COS method converges exponentially if the characteristic function decays exponentially. To apply the (damped) COS method, one has to specify two parameters: a truncation range for the multivariate density and the number of terms to approximate the truncated density by a cosine series. We provide an explicit formula for the truncation range and an implicit formula for the number of terms. Numerical experiments up to five dimensions confirm the theoretical results.
2307.12843v6
2023-07-26
A Nonlinear Damped Metamaterial: Wideband Attenuation with Nonlinear Bandgap and Modal Dissipation
In this paper, we incorporate the effect of nonlinear damping with the concept of locally resonant metamaterials to enable vibration attenuation beyond the conventional bandgap range. The proposed design combines a linear host cantilever beam and periodically distributed inertia amplifiers as nonlinear local resonators. The geometric nonlinearity induced by the inertia amplifiers causes an amplitude-dependent nonlinear damping effect. Through the implementation of both modal superposition and numerical harmonic methods the finite nonlinear metamaterial is accurately modelled. The resulting nonlinear frequency response reveals the bandgap is both amplitude-dependent and broadened. Furthermore, the modal frequencies are also attenuated due to the nonlinear damping effect. The theoretical results are validated experimentally. By embedding the nonlinear damping effect into locally resonant metamaterials, wideband attenuation of the proposed metamaterial is achieved, which opens new possibilities for versatile metamaterials beyond the limit of their linear counterparts.
2307.14165v2
2023-07-28
Premature jump-down mimicks nonlinear damping in nanoresonators
Recent experiments on nano-resonators in a bistable regime use the `jump-down' point between states to infer mechanical properties of the membrane or a load, but often suggest the presence of some nonlinear damping. Motivated by such experiments, we develop a mechanical model of a membrane subject to a uniform, oscillatory load and linear damping. We solve this model numerically and compare its jump-down behaviour with standard asymptotic predictions for a one-dimensional Duffing oscillator with strain stiffening. We show that the axisymmetric, but spatially-varying, problem can be mapped to the Duffing problem with coefficients determined rationally from the model's Partial Differential Equations. However, we also show that jump-down happens earlier than expected (i.e.~at lower frequency, and with a smaller oscillation amplitude). Although this premature jump-down is often interpreted as the signature of a nonlinear damping in experiments, its appearance in numerical simulations with only linear damping suggests instead that indicate that the limitations of asymptotic results may, at least sometimes, be the cause. We therefore suggest that care should be exercised in interpreting the results of nano-resonator experiments.
2307.15656v1
2023-09-22
Long time energy averages and a lower resolvent estimate for damped waves
We consider the damped wave equation on a compact manifold. We propose different ways of measuring decay of the energy (time averages of lower energy levels, decay for frequency localized data...) and exhibit links with resolvent estimates on the imaginary axis. As an application we prove a universal logarithmic lower resolvent bound on the imaginary axis for the damped wave operator when the Geometric Control Condition (GCC) is not satisfied. This is to be compared to the uniform boundedness of the resolvent on that set when GCC holds. The proofs rely on (i) various (re-)formulations of the damped wave equation as a conservative hyperbolic part perturbed by a lower order damping term;(ii) a "Plancherel-in-time" argument as in classical proofs of the Gearhart-Huang-Pr{\"u}ss theorem; and (iii) an idea of Bony-Burq-Ramond of propagating a coherent state along an undamped trajectory up to Ehrenfest time.
2309.12709v1
2023-10-11
Damping Density of an Absorptive Shoebox Room Derived from the Image-Source Method
The image-source method is widely applied to compute room impulse responses (RIRs) of shoebox rooms with arbitrary absorption. However, with increasing RIR lengths, the number of image sources grows rapidly, leading to slow computation. In this paper, we derive a closed-form expression for the damping density, which characterizes the overall multi-slope energy decay. The omnidirectional energy decay over time is directly derived from the damping density. The resulting energy decay model accurately matches the late reverberation simulated via the image-source method. The proposed model allows the fast stochastic synthesis of late reverberation by shaping noise with the energy envelope. Simulations of various wall damping coefficients demonstrate the model's accuracy. The proposed model consistently outperforms the energy decay prediction accuracy compared to a state-of-the-art approximation method. The paper elaborates on the proposed damping density's applicability to modeling multi-sloped sound energy decay, predicting reverberation time in non-diffuse sound fields, and fast frequency-dependent RIR synthesis.
2310.07363v1
2023-10-14
Exploring Damping Effect of Inner Control Loops for Grid-Forming VSCs
This paper presents an analytical approach to explore the damping effect of inner loops on grid-forming converters. First, an impedance model is proposed to characterize the behaviors of inner loops, thereby illustrating their influence on output impedance shaping. Then, based on the impedance representation, the complex torque coefficient method is employed to assess the contribution of inner loops to system damping. The interactions among inner loops, outer loops, and the ac grid are analyzed. It reveals that inner loops shape the electrical damping torque coefficient and consequently influence both synchronous and sub-synchronous oscillation modes. The virtual admittance and current control-based inner-loop scheme is employed to illustrate the proposed analytical approach. The case study comprises the analysis of impedance profiles, the analysis of damping torque contributed by inner loops under various grid strengths, and the comparison between dq-frame and {\alpha}\b{eta}-frame realizations of inner loops. Finally, simulation and experimental tests collaborate with theoretical approaches and findings.
2310.09660v1
2023-10-24
Frictional weakening of a granular sheared layer due to viscous rolling revealed by Discrete Element Modeling
Considering a 3D sheared granular layer modeled with discrete elements, it is well known the rolling resistance significantly influences the mechanical behavior. Even if the rolling resistance role has been deeply investigated as it is commonly used to represent the the roughness of the grains and the interparticle locking, the role of rolling viscous damping coefficient has been largely overlooked so far. This parameter is rarely used or only to dissipate the energy and to converge numerically. This paper revisits the physical role of those coefficients with a parametric study of the rolling friction and the rolling damping for a sheared layer at different shear speeds and different confinement pressures. It has been observed that the damping coefficient induces a frictional weakening. Hence, competition between the rolling resistance and the rolling damping occurs. Angular resistance aims to avoid grains rolling, decreasing the difference between the angular velocities of grains. Whereas, angular damping acts in the opposite, avoiding a change in the difference between the angular velocities of grains. In consequence, grains keep rolling and the sample strength decreases. This effect must be considered to not overestimate the frictional response of a granular layer.
2310.15945v1
2023-12-12
Coordination of Damping Controllers: A Data-Informed Approach for Adaptability
This work proposes a data-informed approach for an adaptable coordination of damping controllers. The novel concept of coordination is based on minimizing the Total Action, a single metric that measures the system's dynamic response post-disturbance. This is a performance measure based on the physics of the power system, which encapsulates the oscillation energy related to synchronous generators. Deep learning theory is used to propose a Total Action function approximator, which captures the relationship between the system wide-area measurements, the status of damping controllers, and the conditions of the disturbance. By commissioning the switching status (on/off) of damping controllers in real-time, the oscillation energy is reduced, enhancing the power system stability. The concept is tested in the Western North America Power System (wNAPS) and compared with a model-based approach for the coordination of damping controllers. The data-informed coordination outperforms the model-based approach, demonstrating exceptional adaptability and performance to handle multi-modal events. The proposed scheme shows outstanding reductions in low-frequency oscillations even under various operating conditions, fault locations, and time delay considerations.
2312.07739v1
2024-01-26
Efficient Control of Magnetization Dynamics Via W/CuO$_\text{x}$ Interface
Magnetization dynamics, which determine the speed of magnetization switching and spin information propagation, play a central role in modern spintronics. Gaining its control will satisfy the different needs of various spintronic devices. In this work, we demonstrate that the surface oxidized Cu (CuO$_\text{x}$) can be employed for the tunability of magnetization dynamics of ferromagnet (FM)/heavy metal (HM) bilayer system. The capping CuO$_\text{x}$ layer in CoFeB/W/CuO$_\text{x}$ trilayer reduces the magnetic damping value in comparison with the CoFeB/W bilayer. The magnetic damping even becomes lower than that of the CoFeB/CuO$_\text{x}$ by ~ 16% inferring the stabilization of anti-damping phenomena. Further, the reduction in damping is accompanied by a very small reduction in the spin pumping-induced output DC voltage in the CoFeB/W/CuO$_\text{x}$ trilayer. The simultaneous observation of anti-damping and spin-to-charge conversion can be attributed to the orbital Rashba effect observed at the HM/CuO$_\text{x}$ interface. Our experimental findings illustrate that the cost-effective CuO$_\text{x}$ can be employed as an integral part of modern spintronics devices owing to its rich underneath spin-orbital physics.
2401.14708v1
2024-02-08
The stability analysis based on viscous theory of Faraday waves in Hele-Shaw cells
The linear instability of Faraday waves in Hele-Shaw cells is investigated with consideration of the viscosity of fluids after gap-averaging the governing equations due to the damping from two lateral walls and the dynamic behavior of contact angle. A new hydrodynamic model is thus derived and solved semi-analytically. The contribution of viscosity to critical acceleration amplitude is slight compared to other factors associated with dissipation, and the potential flow theory is sufficient to describe onset based on the present study, but the rotational component of velocity can change the timing of onset largely, which paradoxically comes from the viscosity. The model degenerates into a novel damped Mathieu equation if the viscosity is dropped with two damping terms referring to the gap-averaged damping and dissipation from dynamic contact angle, respectively. The former increases when the gap size decreases, and the latter grows as frequency rises. When it comes to the dispersion relation of Faraday waves, an unusual detuning emerges due to the imaginary part of the gap-averaged damping.
2402.05505v2
2003-08-05
Reliability of Calderbank-Shor-Steane Codes and Security of Quantum Key Distribution
After Mayers (1996, 2001) gave a proof of the security of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol, Shor and Preskill (2000) made a remarkable observation that a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code had been implicitly used in the BB84 protocol, and suggested its security could be proven by bounding the fidelity, say F(n), of the incorporated CSS code of length n in the form 1-F(n) <= exp[-n E+o(n)] for some positive number E. This work presents such a number E=E(R) as a function of the rate of a code R, and a threshold R' such that E(R)>0 whenever R < R', which is larger than the achievable rate based on the Gilbert-Varshamov bound that is essentially due to Shor and Preskill (2000). The codes in the present work are robust against fluctuations of channel parameters, which fact is needed to establish the security rigorously and was not proved for rates above the Gilbert-Varshamov rate before in the literature. As a byproduct, the security of a modified BB84 protocol against any joint (coherent) attacks is proved quantitatively.
0308029v6
2011-07-13
(In-)Stability of Singular Equivariant Solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation
In this paper we use formal asymptotic arguments to understand the stability proper- ties of equivariant solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert model for ferromagnets. We also analyze both the harmonic map heatflow and Schrodinger map flow limit cases. All asymptotic results are verified by detailed numerical experiments, as well as a robust topological argument. The key result of this paper is that blowup solutions to these problems are co-dimension one and hence both unstable and non-generic. Solutions permitted to deviate from radial symmetry remain global for all time but may, for suitable initial data, approach arbitrarily close to blowup. A careful asymptotic analysis of solutions near blowup shows that finite-time blowup corresponds to a saddle fixed point in a low dimensional dynamical system. Radial symmetry precludes motion anywhere but on the stable manifold towards blowup. A similar scenario emerges in the equivariant setting: blowup is unstable. To be more precise, blowup is co-dimension one both within the equivariant symmetry class and in the unrestricted class of initial data. The value of the parameter in the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation plays a very subdued role in the analysis of equivariant blowup, leading to identical blowup rates and spatial scales for all parameter values. One notable exception is the angle between solution in inner scale (which bubbles off) and outer scale (which remains), which does depend on parameter values. Analyzing near-blowup solutions, we find that in the inner scale these solution quickly rotate over an angle {\pi}. As a consequence, for the blowup solution it is natural to consider a continuation scenario after blowup where one immediately re-attaches a sphere (thus restoring the energy lost in blowup), yet rotated over an angle {\pi}. This continuation is natural since it leads to continuous dependence on initial data.
1107.2620v1
1996-09-10
The Damping Tail of CMB Anisotropies
By decomposing the damping tail of CMB anisotropies into a series of transfer functions representing individual physical effects, we provide ingredients that will aid in the reconstruction of the cosmological model from small-scale CMB anisotropy data. We accurately calibrate the model-independent effects of diffusion and reionization damping which provide potentially the most robust information on the background cosmology. Removing these effects, we uncover model-dependent processes such as the acoustic peak modulation and gravitational enhancement that can help distinguish between alternate models of structure formation and provide windows into the evolution of fluctuations at various stages in their growth.
9609079v1
1997-09-16
Lyman-alpha emission as a tool to study high redshift damped systems
We report a quantitative study of the escape of Lyman-alpha photons from an inhomogeneous optically thick medium that mimics the structure of damped Lyman-alpha absorbers. Modeling the optically thick disk with 3 components (massive stars and HII regions, dust, and neutral hydrogen), we study the resulting emission line profile that may arise near the extended damped absorption profile.
9709150v1
1997-10-17
The chemical evolution of galaxies causing damped Ly$α$ absorption
We have compiled all available data on chemical abundances in damped Lyman alpha absorption systems for comparison with results from our combined chemical and spectrophotometric galaxy evolution models. Preliminary results from chemically consistent calculations are in agreement with observations of damped Ly$\alpha$ systems.
9710193v1
1998-01-26
Are Damped Lyman alpha Systems Rotating Disks ?
We report on high spectral resolution observations of five damped Lyman alpha systems whose line velocity profiles and abundances are analyzed. By combining these data with information from the literature, we study the kinematics of the low and high ionization phases of damped systems and discuss the possibility that part of the motions is due to rotation.
9801243v1
2001-10-29
Damping of inhomogeneities in neutralino dark matter
The lightest supersymmetric particle, most likely the neutralino, might account for a large fraction of dark matter in the Universe. We show that the primordial spectrum of density fluctuations in neutralino cold dark matter (CDM) has a sharp cut-off due to two damping mechanisms: collisional damping during the kinetic decoupling of the neutralinos at O(10 MeV) and free streaming after last scattering of neutralinos. The cut-off in the primordial spectrum defines a minimal mass for CDM objects in hierarchical structure formation. For typical neutralino and sfermion masses the first gravitationally bound neutralino clouds have masses above 10^(-6) M_\odot.
0110601v1
2002-08-03
Adiabatic Index of Dense Matter and Damping of Neutron Star Pulsations
The adiabatic index Gamma_1 for perturbations of dense matter is studied under various physical conditions which can prevail in neutron star cores. The dependence of Gamma_1 on the composition of matter (in particular, on the presence of hyperons), on the stellar pulsation amplitude, and on the baryon superfluidity is analyzed. Timescales of damping of stellar pulsations are estimated at different compositions, temperatures, and pulsation amplitudes. Damping of pulsations by bulk viscosity in the neutron-star cores can prevent the stars to pulsate with relative amplitudes > (1-15)% (depending on the composition of matter).
0208078v1
2003-01-07
Damping of Neutron Star Shear Modes by Superfluid Friction
The forced motion of superfluid vortices in shear oscillations of rotating solid neutron star matter produces damping of the mode. A simple model of the unpinning and repinning processes is described, with numerical calculations of the consequent energy decay times. These are of the order of 1 s or more for typical anomalous X-ray pulsars but become very short for the general population of radio pulsars. The superfluid friction processes considered here may also be significant for the damping of r-modes in rapidly rotating neutron stars.
0301112v1
2005-04-25
Radiative Effect on Particle Acceleration via Relativistic Electromagnetic Expansion
The radiation damping effect on the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator (DRPA) is studied in two-and-half dimensional Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation with magnetized electron-positron plasmas. Self-consistently solved radiation damping force converts particle energy to radiation energy. The DRPA is still robust with radiation, and the Lorentz factor of the most high energy particles reach more than two thousand before they decouple from the electromagnetic pulse. Resulted emitted power from the pulse front is lower in the radiative case than the estimation from the non-radiative case due to the radiation damping. The emitted radiation is strongly linearly polarized and peaked within few degrees from the direction of Poynting flux.
0504561v1
1999-05-06
Collective and chaotic motion in self-bound many-body systems
We investigate the interplay of collective and chaotic motion in a classical self-bound N-body system with two-body interactions. This system displays a hierarchy of three well separated time scales that govern the onset of chaos, damping of collective motion and equilibration. Comparison with a mean-field problem shows that damping is mainly due to dephasing. The Lyapunov exponent, damping and equilibration rates depend mildly on the system size N.
9905007v2
1997-05-12
Damping of Oscillations in Layer-by-Layer Growth
We present a theory for the damping of layer-by-layer growth oscillations in molecular beam epitaxy. The surface becomes rough on distances larger than a layer coherence length which is substantially larger than the diffusion length. The damping time can be calculated by a comparison of the competing roughening and smoothening mechanisms. The dependence on the growth conditions, temperature and deposition rate, is characterized by a power law. The theoretical results are confirmed by computer simulations.
9705100v1
1999-09-17
Thermoelastic Damping in Micro- and Nano-Mechanical Systems
The importance of thermoelastic damping as a fundamental dissipation mechanism for small-scale mechanical resonators is evaluated in light of recent efforts to design high-Q micrometer- and nanometer-scale electro-mechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). The equations of linear thermoelasticity are used to give a simple derivation for thermoelastic damping of small flexural vibrations in thin beams. It is shown that Zener's well-known approximation by a Lorentzian with a single thermal relaxation time slightly deviates from the exact expression.
9909271v1
2000-10-01
Super-Radiance and the Unstable Photon Oscillator
If the damping of a simple harmonic oscillator from a thermally random force is sufficiently strong, then the oscillator may become unstable. For a photon oscillator (radiatively damped by electric dipole moments), the instability leads to a low temperature Hepp-Lieb-Preparata super-radiant phase transition. The stable oscillator regime is described by the free energy of the conventional Casimir effect. The unstable (strongly damped) oscillator has a free energy corresponding to Dicke super-radiance.
0010013v1
2001-08-07
Non-damped Acoustic Plasmon and Superconductivity in Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes
We show that non-damped acoustic plasmons exist in single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and propose that the non-damped acoustic plasmons may mediate electron-electron attraction and result in superconductivity in the SWCNT. The superconducting transition temperature Tc for the SWCNT (3,3) obtained by this mechanism agrees with the recent experimental result (Z. K. Tang et al, Science 292, 2462(2001)). We also show that it is possible to get higher Tc up to 99 K by doping the SWCNT (5,5).
0108124v2
2001-12-16
The Damping of the Bose-Condensate Oscillations in a Trap at Zero Temperature
We discuss an existence of the damping for the radial condensate oscillations in a cylindric trap at zero temperature. The damping is a result of the parametric resonance leading to energy transfer from the coherent condensate oscillations to the longitudinal sound waves within a finite frequency interval. The parametric resonance is due to the oscillations of the sound velocity. The triggering amplitudes at zero temperature are associated with the zero-point oscillations.
0112292v1
2002-06-13
Beliaev damping of quasi-particles in a Bose-Einstein condensate
We report a measurement of the suppression of collisions of quasi-particles with ground state atoms within a Bose-Einstein condensate at low momentum. These collisions correspond to Beliaev damping of the excitations, in the previously unexplored regime of the continuous quasi-particle energy spectrum. We use a hydrodynamic simulation of the expansion dynamics, with the Beliaev damping cross-section, in order to confirm the assumptions of our analysis.
0206234v1
2002-06-28
Accidental suppression of Landau damping of the transverse breathing mode in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates
We study transverse radial oscillations of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate using finite temperature simulations, in the context of a recent experiment at ENS. We demonstrate the existence of a mode corresponding to an in-phase collective oscillation of both the condensate and thermal cloud. Excitation of this mode accounts for the very small damping rate observed experimentally, and we find excellent quantitative agreement between experiment and theory. In contrast to other condensate modes, interatomic collisions are found to be the dominant damping mechanism in this case.
0206582v1
2004-04-19
Nonlinear response of superparamagnets with finite damping: an analytical approach
The strongly damping-dependent nonlinear dynamical response of classical superparamagnets is investigated by means of an analytical approach. Using rigorous balance equations for the spin occupation numbers a simple approximate expression is derived for the nonlinear susceptibility. The results are in good agreement with those obtained from the exact (continued-fraction) solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. The formula obtained could be of assistance in the modelling of the experimental data and the determination of the damping coefficient in superparamagnets.
0404445v1
2005-03-03
Collapse of thermal activation in moderately damped Josephson junctions
We study switching current statistics in different moderately damped Josephson junctions: a paradoxical collapse of the thermal activation with increasing temperature is reported and explained by interplay of two conflicting consequences of thermal fluctuations, which can both assist in premature escape and help in retrapping back into the stationary state. We analyze the influence of dissipation on the thermal escape by tuning the damping parameter with a gate voltage, magnetic field, temperature and an in-situ capacitor.
0503067v1
2006-03-13
Universal features of the defect-induced damping of lattice vibrations
It is shown that any defect gives an Ohmic contribution to the damping of any normal mode of the crystal lattice with nonzero wavevector which does not vanish at zero temperature. This explains the large phason damping observed at low temperatures in incommensurate phases, and might be a key factor to understand the linear-in-$T$ specific heat observed in a number of real dielectrics at low enough temperatures.
0603343v2
2006-04-25
Spin Precession and Avalanches
In many magnetic materials, spin dynamics at short times are dominated by precessional motion as damping is relatively small. In the limit of no damping and no thermal noise, we show that for a large enough initial instability, an avalanche can transition to an ergodic phase where the state is equivalent to one at finite temperature, often above that for ferromagnetic ordering. This dynamical nucleation phenomenon is analyzed theoretically. For small finite damping the high temperature growth front becomes spread out over a large region. The implications for real materials are discussed.
0604563v1
2007-02-11
Non-Markovian coherence dynamics of driven spin boson model: damped quantum beat or large amplitude coherence oscillation
The dynamics of driven spin boson model is studied analytically by means of the perturbation approach based on a unitary transformation. We gave the analytical expression for the population difference and coherence of the two level system. The results show that in the weak driven case, the population difference present damped coherent oscillation (single or double frequency) and the frequencies depend on the initial state. The coherence exhibit damped oscillation with Rabi frequency. When driven field is strong enough, the population difference exhibit undamped large-amplitude coherent oscillation. The results easily return to the two extreme cases without dissipation or without periodic driven.
0702268v1
2005-05-10
Highly Damped Quasinormal Modes of Generic Single Horizon Black Holes
We calculate analytically the highly damped quasinormal mode spectra of generic single-horizon black holes using the rigorous WKB techniques of Andersson and Howls\cite{Andersson}. We thereby provide a firm foundation for previous analysis, and point out some of their possible limitations. The numerical coefficient in the real part of the highly damped frequency is generically determined by the behavior of coupling of the perturbation to the gravitational field near the origin, as expressed in tortoise coordinates. This fact makes it difficult to understand how the famous $ln(3)$ could be related to the quantum gravitational microstates near the horizon.
0505044v1
2006-05-01
Stability and quasinormal modes of the massive scalar field around Kerr black holes
We find quasinormal spectrum of the massive scalar field in the background of the Kerr black holes. We show that all found modes are damped under the quasinormal modes boundary conditions when $\mu M$ is not large, thereby implying stability of the massive scalar field. This complements the region of stability determined by the Beyer inequality for large masses of the field. We show that, similar to the case of a non-rotating black holes, the massive term of the scalar field does not contribute in the regime of high damping. Thereby, the high damping asymptotic should be the same as for the massless scalar field.
0605013v1
1993-02-09
Damping rates for moving particles in hot QCD
Using a program of perturbative resummation I compute the damping rates for fields at nonzero spatial momentum to leading order in weak coupling in hot $QCD$. Sum rules for spectral densities are used to simplify the calculations. For massless fields the damping rate has an apparent logarithmic divergence in the infrared limit, which is cut off by the screening of static magnetic fields (``magnetic mass''). This demonstrates how at high temperature even perturbative quantities are sensitive to nonperturbative phenomenon.
9302242v1
1994-04-21
Is \lq\lq Heavy Quark Damping Rate Puzzle'' in Hot QCD Really the Puzzle?
Within the framework of perturbative resummation scheme of Pisarski and Braaten, the decay- or damping-rate of a moving heavy quark (muon) to leading order in weak coupling in hot QCD (QED) is examined. Although, as is well known, the conventionally-defined damping rate diverges logarithmically at the infrared limit, shown is that no such divergence appears in the physically measurable decay rate. The cancellation occurs between the contribution from the \lq\lq real'' decay diagram and the contribution from the diagrams with \lq\lq thermal radiative correction''.
9404318v1
1996-01-12
Damping Rate of a Scalar Particle in Hot Scalar QED
In contrast to the damping of partons in a quark-gluon plasma, the damping of a scalar particle in a hot scalar QED plasma can be calculated to leading order for the whole momentum range using the Braaten-Pisarski method. In this way the evolution of the logarithmic infrared singularity caused by the exchange of a transverse photon from soft to hard momenta can be studied.
9601254v1
1996-09-17
Damping Rate of Quasiparticles in Degenerate Ultrarelativistic Plasmas
We compute the damping rate of a fermion in a dense relativistic plasma at zero temperature. Just above the Fermi sea, the damping rate is dominated by the exchange of soft magnetic photons (or gluons in QCD) and is proportional to $(E-\mu)$, where E is the fermion energy and $\mu$ the chemical potential. We also compute the contribution of soft electric photons and of hard photons. As in the nonrelativistic case, the contribution of longitudinal photons is proportional to $(E-\mu)^2$, and is thus non leading in the relativistic case.
9609369v1
1997-05-28
Classical Statistical Mechanics and Landau Damping
We study the retarded response function in scalar $\phi^4$-theory at finite temperature. We find that in the high-temperature limit the imaginary part of the self-energy is given by the classical theory to leading order in the coupling. In particular the plasmon damping rate is a purely classical effect to leading order, as shown by Aarts and Smit. The dominant contribution to Landau damping is given by the propagation of classical fields in a heat bath of non-interacting fields.
9705452v1
1997-12-01
A potential infrared problem with the damping rates for gluons with soft momentum in hot QCD
We calculate the damping rate $\gamma_l$ for longitudinal gluons with zero momentum in finite high temperature QCD and show that some of its contributing terms are infrared divergent. This is in contrast with the expectation that this damping rate is to be equal to the corresponding one $\gamma_t$ for transverse gluons which is known to be finite. Our calculation was motivated by the fact that similar divergent terms occur when we calculated in a previous work $\gamma_t$ to order $ p^2$, p being the momentum of the gluon. After we present our results, we briefly discuss them.
9712210v1
1998-04-21
The Plasmon Damping Rate for T -> T_C
The plasmon damping rate in scalar field theory is computed close to the critical temperature. It is shown that the divergent result obtained in perturbation theory is a consequence of neglecting the thermal renormalization of the coupling. Taking this effect into account, a vanishing damping rate is obtained, leading to the critical slowing down of the equilibration process.
9804351v2
1998-10-06
Self-consistent Study on Color Transport in the Quark Gluon Plasma at Finite Chemical Potential
We calculate the relaxation time self-consistently to study the damping of collective color modes and the color conductivity in a QGP by deriving self-consistent equations for the damping rates of gluons and quarks to leading order QCD by TFD including a chemical potential for quarks. We show that the damping rates are not sensitive to the chemical potential whereas color conductivity is enhanced considerably.
9810256v1
1999-02-19
The problem of nonlinear Landau damping in quark-gluon plasma
On the basis of the semiclassical equations for quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and Yang-Mills equation, the generalized kinetic equation for waves with regard to its interaction is obtained. The physical mechanisms defining nonlinear scattering of a plasmon by QGP particles are analysed. The problem on a connection of nonlinear Landau damping rate of longitudinal oscillation with damping rate, obtained on the basis of hard thermal loops approximation, is considered.
9902397v2
1999-07-21
A Slavnov-Taylor identity and equality of damping rates for static transverse and longitudinal gluons in hot QCD
A Slavnov-Taylor identity is derived for the gluon polarization tensor in hot QCD. We evaluate its implications for damping of gluonic modes in the plasma. Applying the identity to next to the leading order in hard-thermal-loop resummed perturbation theory, we derive the expected equality of damping rates for static transverse and longitudinal (soft) gluons. This is of interest also in view of deviating recent reports of $\gamma_t(p=0)\neq\gamma_l(p=0)$ based on a direct calculation of $\gamma_l(p=0)$.
9907439v1
2000-09-15
Fermion Damping Rate Effects in Cold Dense Matter
We review the non-Fermi or marginal liquid behavior of a relativistic QED plasma. In this medium a quasiparticle has a damping rate that depends linearly on the distance between its energy and the Fermi surface. We stress that this dependence is due to the long-range character of the magnetic interactions in the medium. Finally, we study how the quark damping rate modifies the gap equation of color superconductivity, reducing the value of the gap at the Fermi surface.
0009182v1
2001-07-19
Photon Damping Caused by Electron-Positron Pair Production in a Strong Magnetic Field
Damping of an electromagnetic wave in a strong magnetic field is analyzed in the kinematic region near the threshold of electron-positron pair production. Damping of the electromagnetic field is shown to be noticeably nonexponential in this region. The resulting width of the photon $\gamma \to e^+ e^-$ decay is considerably smaller than previously known results.
0107217v1
2004-09-27
Damping of electromagnetic waves due to electron-positron pair production
The problem of the backreaction during the process of electron-positron pair production by a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave propagating in a plasma is investigated. A model based on the relativistic Boltzmann-Vlasov equation with a source term corresponding to the Schwinger formula for the pair creation rate is used. The damping of the wave, the nonlinear up-shift of its frequency due to the plasma density increase and the effect of the damping on the wave polarization and on the background plasma acceleration are investigated as a function of the wave amplitude.
0409301v1
2005-10-25
Infrared behavior of the dispersion relations in high-temperature scalar QED
We investigate the infrared properties of the next-to-leading-order dispersion relations in scalar quantum electrodynamics at high temperature in the context of hard-thermal-loop perturbation theory. Specifically, we determine the damping rate and the energy for scalars with ultrasoft momenta. We show by explicit calculations that an early external-momentum expansion, before the Matsubara sum is performed, gives exactly the same result as a late one. The damping rate is obtained up to fourth order included in the ultrasoft momentum and the energy up to second order. The damping rate is found sensitive in the infrared whereas the energy not.
0510330v1
2006-11-09
Lepton asymmetry in the primordial gravitational wave spectrum
Effects of neutrino free streaming is evaluated on the primordial spectrum of gravitational radiation taking both neutrino chemical potential and masses into account. The former or the lepton asymmetry induces two competitive effects, namely, to increase anisotropic pressure, which damps the gravitational wave more, and to delay the matter-radiation equality time, which reduces the damping. The latter effect is more prominent and a large lepton asymmetry would reduce the damping. We may thereby be able to measure the magnitude of lepton asymmetry from the primordial gravitational wave spectrum.
0611121v1
2005-03-17
A New Approach to Canonical Quantization of the Radiation Damping
Inspired in some works about quantization of dissipative systems, in particular of the damped harmonic oscillator\cite{MB,RB,12}, we consider the dissipative system of a charge interacting with its own radiation, which originates the radiation damping (RD). Using the indirect Lagrangian representation we obtained a Lagrangian formalism with a Chern-Simons-like term. A Hamiltonian analysis is also done, what leads to the quantization of the system.
0503135v1
2003-09-15
Eigenfrequencies and expansions for damped wave equations
We study eigenfrequencies and propagator expansions for damped wave equations on compact manifolds. Under the assumption of geometric control, the propagator is shown to admit an expansion in terms of finitely many eigenmodes near the real axis, with an error term exponentially decaying in time. In the presence of a nondegenerate elliptic closed geodesic not meeting the support of the damping coefficient, we show that there exists a sequence of eigenfrequencies converging rapidly to the real axis. In the case of Zoll manifolds, we show that the propagator can be expanded in terms of clusters of the eigenfrequencies in the entire spectral band.
0309250v1
2004-06-02
Instability results for the damped wave equation in unbounded domains
We extend some previous results for the damped wave equation in bounded domains in Euclidean spaces to the unbounded case. In particular, we show that if the damping term is of the form $\alpha a$ with bounded $a$ taking on negative values on a set of positive measure, then there will always exist unbounded solutions for sufficiently large positive $\alpha$. In order to prove these results, we generalize some existing results on the asymptotic behaviour of eigencurves of one-parameter families of Schrodinger operators to the unbounded case, which we believe to be of interest in their own right.
0406041v1
1997-07-20
Effects of gluon damping rate on the viscosity coefficient of the quark-gluon plasma at finite chemical potential
By considering the Debye screening and damping rate of gluons, the viscosity coefficient of the quark-gluon plasma was evaluated via real-time finite temperature QCD in the relaxation time approximation at finite temperature and chemical potential . The results show that both the damping rate and the chemical potential cause considerable enhancements to the viscosity coefficient of hot dense quark-gluon plasma.
9707033v1
2002-12-11
Rotational Damping and Compound Formation in Warm Rotating Nuclei
The rotational damping width \Gamma_{rot} and the compound damping width \Gamma_{comp} are two fundamental quantities that characterize rapidly rotating compound nuclei having finite thermal excitation energy. A two-component structure in the strength function of consecutive E2 transitions reflects the two widths, and it causes characteristic features in the double and triple gamma-ray spectra. We discuss a new method to extract experimentally values of \Gamma_{rot} and \Gamma_{comp}. The first preliminary result of this method is presented.
0212050v1
2003-07-27
Chaos and rotational damping in particle-rotor model
The onset of chaos and the mechanism of rotational damping are studied in an exactly soluble particle-rotor model. It is shown that the degree of chaoticity as inferred from the statistical measures is closely related to the onset of rotational damping obtained using the model Hamiltonian.
0307104v2
1997-07-10
Supersymmetric partner chirping of Newtonian free damping
We connect the classical free damping cases by means of Rosner's construction in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Starting with the critical damping, one can obtain in the underdamping case a chirping of instantaneous physical frequency \omega ^{2}(t) \propto \omega_{u}^{2}sech^2(\omega_{u}t), whereas in the overdamped case the "chirping" is of the (unphysical) type \omega ^{2}(t)\propto\omega_{o}^{2}sec^{2}(\omega_{o}t), where \omega_{u}$ and $\omega_{o} are the underdamped and overdamped frequency parameters, respectively
9707012v4
2000-04-10
Ermakov-Lewis angles for one-parameter supersymmetric families of Newtonian free damping modes
We apply the Ermakov-Lewis procedure to the one-parameter damped modes \tilde{y} recently introduced by Rosu and Reyes, which are related to the common Newtonian free damping modes y by the general Riccati solution [H.C. Rosu and M. Reyes, Phys. Rev. E 57, 4850 (1998), physics/9707019]. In particular, we calculate and plot the angle quantities of this approach that can help to distinguish these modes from the common y modes
0004014v4
2002-10-29
Model of Internal Friction Damping in Solids
A model for harmonic oscillator damping due to the internal friction of solids has been developed, based on considerations of a long period pendulum. The assumption of a complex elastic modulus to describe stress-strain hysteresis in the support structure of the pendulum yields an expression for the figure of merit Q that agrees with many experiments involving material damping. As such, the approximations of this linear model stand in contrast with common theory.
0210121v1
2003-06-11
Nonlinear Damping of the 'Linear' Pendulum
This study shows that typical pendulum dynamics is far from the simple equation of motion presented in textbooks. A reasonably complete damping model must use nonlinear terms in addition to the common linear viscous expression. In some cases a nonlinear substitute for assumed linear damping may be more appropriate. Even for exceptional cases where all nonlinearity may be ignored, it is shown that viscous dissipation involves subtleties that can lead to huge errors when ignored.
0306081v1
2004-08-19
Beyond the Linear Damping Model for Mechanical Harmonic Oscillators
The steady state motion of a folded pendulum has been studied using frequencies of drive that are mainly below the natural (resonance) frequency of the instrument. Although the free-decay of this mechanical oscillator appears textbook exponential, the steady state behavior of the instrument for sub-resonance drive can be remarkably complex. Although the response cannot be explained by linear damping models, the general features can be understood with the nonlinear, modified Coulomb damping model developed by the author.
0408091v1
1998-01-28
Phenomenological damping in trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
The method of phenomenological damping developed by Pitaevskii for superfluidity near the $\lambda$ point is simulated numerically for the case of a dilute, alkali, inhomogeneous Bose-condensed gas near absolute zero. We study several features of this method in describing the damping of excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate. In addition, we show that the method may be employed to obtain numerically accurate ground states for a variety of trap potentials.
9801064v1
1998-04-06
Optimal quantum codes for preventing collective amplitude damping
Collective decoherence is possible if the departure between quantum bits is smaller than the effective wave length of the noise field. Collectivity in the decoherence helps us to devise more efficient quantum codes. We present a class of optimal quantum codes for preventing collective amplitude damping to a reservoir at zero temperature. It is shown that two qubits are enough to protect one bit quantum information, and approximately $L+ 1/2 \log_2((\pi L)/2)$ qubits are enough to protect $L$ qubit information when $L$ is large. For preventing collective amplitude damping, these codes are much more efficient than the previously-discovered quantum error correcting or avoiding codes.
9804014v1
2000-01-12
Antibunching effect of the radiation field in a microcavity with a mirror undergoing heavily damping oscillation
The interaction between the radiation field in a microcavity with a mirror undergoing damping oscillation is investigated. Under the heavily damping cases, the mirror variables are adiabatically eliminated. The the stationary conditions of the system are discussed. The small fluctuation approximation around steady values is applied to analysis the antibunching effect of the cavity field. The antibunching condition is given under two limit cases.
0001036v1
2002-02-15
Decoherence of Quantum Damped Oscillators
Quantum dissipation is studied within two model oscillators, the Caldirola-Kanai (CK) oscillator as an open system with one degree of freedom and the Bateman-Feshbach-Tikochinsky (BFT) oscillator as a closed system with two degrees of freedom. Though these oscillators describe the same classical damped motion, the CK oscillator retains the quantum coherence, whereas the damped subsystem of the BFT oscillator exhibits both quantum decoherence and classical correlation. Furthermore the amplified subsystem of the BFT oscillator shows the same degree of quantum decohernce and classical correlation.
0202089v1
2002-12-05
Time correlated quantum amplitude damping channel
We analyze the problem of sending classical information through qubit channels where successive uses of the channel are correlated. This work extends the analysis of C. Macchiavello and G. M. Palma to the case of a non-Pauli channel - the amplitude damping channel. Using the channel description outlined in S. Daffer, et al, we derive the correlated amplitude damping channel. We obtain a similar result to C. Macchiavello and G. M. Palma, that is, that under certain conditions on the degree of channel memory, the use of entangled input signals may enhance the information transmission compared to the use of product input signals.
0212032v1
2005-06-01
Quantum damped oscillator I: dissipation and resonances
Quantization of a damped harmonic oscillator leads to so called Bateman's dual system. The corresponding Bateman's Hamiltonian, being a self-adjoint operator, displays the discrete family of complex eigenvalues. We show that they correspond to the poles of energy eigenvectors and the corresponding resolvent operator when continued to the complex energy plane. Therefore, the corresponding generalized eigenvectors may be interpreted as resonant states which are responsible for the irreversible quantum dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator.
0506007v1
2005-10-19
The damped harmonic oscillator in deformation quantization
We propose a new approach to the quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator in the framework of deformation quantization. The quantization is performed in the Schr\"{o}dinger picture by a star-product induced by a modified "Poisson bracket". We determine the eigenstates in the damped regime and compute the transition probability between states of the undamped harmonic oscillator after the system was submitted to dissipation.
0510150v1
2006-04-28
The characteristic function of optical evolution
The master equation of quantum optical density operator is transformed to the equation of characteristic function. The parametric amplification and amplitude damping as well as the phase damping are considered. The solution for the most general initial quantum state is obtained for parametric amplification and amplitude damping. The purity of one mode Gaussian system and the entanglement of two mode Gaussian system are studied.
0604208v4
2007-01-13
Wave-particle duality in the damped harmonic oscillator
Quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator is taken as leitmotiv to gently introduce elements of quantum probability theory for physicists. To this end, we take (graduate) students in physics as entry level and explain the physical intuition and motivation behind the, sometimes overwhelming, math machinery of quantum probability theory. The main text starts with the quantization of the (undamped) harmonic oscillator from the Heisenberg and Schroedinger point of view. We show how both treatments are special instances of a quantum probabilistic quantization procedure: the second quantization functor. We then apply the second quantization functor to the damped harmonic oscillator and interpret the quantum dynamics of the position and energy operator as stochastic processes.
0701082v1
2007-04-11
Time dependence of joint entropy of oscillating quantum systems
The time dependent entropy (or Leipnik's entropy) of harmonic and damped harmonic oscillators is extensively investigated by using time dependent wave function obtained by the Feynman path integral method. Our results for simple harmonic oscillator are in agrement with the literature. However, the joint entropy of damped harmonic oscillator shows remarkable discontinuity with time for certain values of damping factor. According to the results, the envelop of the joint entropy curve increases with time monotonically. This results is the general properties of the envelop of the joint entropy curve for quantum systems.
0704.1370v3
2007-09-14
Damping of field-induced chemical potential oscillations in ideal two-band compensated metals
The field and temperature dependence of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations spectrum is studied for an ideal two-dimensional compensated metal. It is shown that the chemical potential oscillations, involved in the frequency combinations observed in the case of uncompensated orbits, are strongly damped and can even be suppressed when the effective masses of the electron- and hole-type orbits are the same. When magnetic breakdown between bands occurs, this damping is even more pronounced and the Lifshits-Kosevich formalism accounts for the data in a wide field range.
0709.2223v2
2007-09-14
Update on Ion Studies
The effect of ions has received one of the highest priorities in R&D for the damping rings of the International Linear Collider(ILC). It is detrimental to the performance of the electron damping ring. In this note, an update concerning the ion studies for the ILC damping ring is given. We investigate the gap role and irregular fill pattern in the ring.The ion density reduction in different fills is calculated analytically. Simulation results are also presented.
0709.2248v1
2007-10-03
Stability of a Nonlinear Axially Moving String With the Kelvin-Voigt Damping
In this paper, a nonlinear axially moving string with the Kelvin-Voigt damping is considered. It is proved that the string is stable, i.e., its transversal displacement converges to zero when the axial speed of the string is less than a certain critical value. The proof is established by showing that a Lyapunov function corresponding to the string decays to zero exponentially. It is also shown that the string displacement is bounded when a bounded distributed force is applied to it transversally. Furthermore, a few open problems regarding the stability and stabilization of strings with the Kelvin-Voigt damping are stated.
0710.0872v1
2007-10-15
General Solution of the Quantum Damped Harmonic Oscillator
In this paper the general solution of the quantum damped harmonic oscillator is given.
0710.2724v4
2008-02-21
Identification of Test Structures for Reduced Order Modeling of the Squeeze Film Damping in Mems
In this study the dynamic behaviour of perforated microplates oscillating under the effect of squeeze film damping is analyzed. A numerical approach is adopted to predict the effects of damping and stiffness transferred from the surrounding ambient air to oscillating structures ; the effect of hole's cross section and plate's extension is observed. Results obtained by F.E.M. models are compared with experimental measurements performed by an optical interferometric microscope.
0802.3076v1
2008-03-14
Current-induced noise and damping in non-uniform ferromagnets
In the presence of spatial variation of the magnetization direction, electric current noise causes a fluctuating spin-transfer torque that increases the fluctuations of the ferromagnetic order parameter. By the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, the equilibrium fluctuations are related to the magnetization damping, which in non-uniform ferromagnets acquires a nonlocal tensor structure. In biased ferromagnets, shot noise can become the dominant contribution to the magnetization noise at low temperatures. Considering spin spirals as a simple example, we show that the current-induced noise and damping is significant.
0803.2175v1
2008-04-23
Ion acoustic waves in the plasma with the power-law q-distribution in nonextensive statistics
We investigate the dispersion relation and Landau damping of ion acoustic waves in the collisionless magnetic-field-free plasma if it is described by the nonextensive q-distributions of Tsallis statistics. We show that the increased numbers of superthermal particles and low velocity particles can explain the strengthened and weakened modes of Landau damping, respectively, with the q-distribution. When the ion temperature is equal to the electron temperature, the weakly damped waves are found to be the distributions with small values of q.
0804.3732v1
2008-07-23
Tunneling-induced damping of phase coherence revivals in deep optical lattices
We consider phase coherence collapse and revival in deep optical lattices, and calculate within the Bose-Hubbard model the revival amplitude damping incurred by a finite tunneling coupling of the lattice wells (after sweeping from the superfluid to the Mott phase). Deriving scaling laws for the corresponding decay of first-order coherence revival in terms of filling factor, final lattice depth, and number of tunneling coupling partners, we estimate whether revival-damping related to tunneling between sites can be or even has already been observed in experiment.
0807.3627v2
2008-07-31
Generalized Theory of Landau Damping
Collisionless damping of electrical waves in plasma is investigated in the frame of the classical formulation of the problem. The new principle of regularization of the singular integral is used. The exact solution of the corresponding dispersion equation is obtained. The results of calculations lead to existence of discrete spectrum of frequencies and discrete spectrum of dispersion curves. Analytical results are in good coincidence with results of direct mathematical experiments. Key words: Foundations of the theory of transport processes and statistical physics; Boltzmann physical kinetics; damping of plasma waves, linear theory of wave`s propagation PACS: 67.55.Fa, 67.55.Hc
0807.5007v1
2008-08-05
Radiation damping, noncommutativity and duality
In this work, our main objective is to construct a N=2 supersymmetric extension of the nonrelativistic $(2+1)$-dimensional model describing the radiation damping on the noncommutative plane with scalar (electric) and vector (magnetic) interactions by the N=2 superfield technique. We also introduce a dual equivalent action to the radiation damping one using the Noether procedure.
0808.0694v2
2008-10-06
Local existence and exponential growth for a semilinear damped wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions
In this paper we consider a multi-dimensional damped semiliear wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions, related to the Kelvin-Voigt damping. We firstly prove the local existence by using the Faedo-Galerkin approximations combined with a contraction mapping theorem. Secondly, the exponential growth of the energy and the $L^p$ norm of the solution is presented.
0810.1013v1
2008-12-18
Exponential decay for solutions to semilinear damped wave equation
This paper is concerned with decay estimate of solutions to the semilinear wave equation with strong damping in a bounded domain. Introducing an appropriate Lyaponuv function, we prove that when the damping is linear, we can find initial data, for which the solution decays exponentially. This result improves an early one in an article of Gazzola and Squassina.
0812.3637v3
2009-05-27
Difference between penetration and damping lengths in photonic crystal mirrors
Different mirror geometries in two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs are studied with fully-vectorial calculations. We compare their optical properties and, in particular, we show that, for heterostructure mirrors, the penetration length associated with the delay induced by distributed reflection is not correlated to the characteristic damping length of the electromagnetic energy distribution in the mirror. This unexpected result evidences that the usual trade-off between short damping lengths and large penetration lengths that is classically encountered in distributed Bragg reflectors can be overcome with carefully designed photonic crystal structures.
0905.4449v2
2009-06-01
Exponential Decay Rates for the Damped Korteweg-de Vries Type Equation
The exponential decay rate of $L^2-$norm related to the Korteweg-de Vries equation with localized damping posed on whole real line will be established. In addition, by using classical arguments we determine the $H^1-$norm of the solution associated to Korteweg-de Vries equation with damping in whole domain, can not have a decay property for an arbitrary initial data.
0906.0285v2
2009-10-12
Suppression of Landau damping via electron band gap
The pondermotive potential in the X-ray Raman compression can generate an electron band gap which suppresses the Landau damping. The regime is identified where a Langmuir wave can be driven without damping in the stimulated Raman compression. It is shown that the partial wave breaking and the frequency detuning due to the trapped particles would be greatly reduced.
0910.2196v3
2009-10-27
Rabi type oscillations in damped single 2D-quantum dot
We present a quantized model of harmonically confined dot atom with inherent damping in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The model leads to a non hermitian Hamiltonian in real coordinate. We have analytically studied the effects that damping has on the Rabi type oscillations of the system. The model explains the decoherence of Rabi oscillation in a Josephson Junction.
0910.5184v1
2010-03-08
A single-ion nonlinear mechanical oscillator
We study the steady state motion of a single trapped ion oscillator driven to the nonlinear regime. Damping is achieved via Doppler laser-cooling. The ion motion is found to be well described by the Duffing oscillator model with an additional nonlinear damping term. We demonstrate a unique ability of tuning both the linear as well as the nonlinear damping coefficients by controlling the cooling laser parameters. Our observations open a way for the investigation of nonlinear dynamics on the quantum-to-classical interface as well as mechanical noise squeezing in laser-cooling dynamics.
1003.1577v1
2010-03-24
Global attractors for strongly damped wave equations with displacement dependent damping and nonlinear source term of critical exponent
In this paper the long time behaviour of the solutions of 3-D strongly damped wave equation is studied. It is shown that the semigroup generated by this equation possesses a global attractor in H_{0}^{1}(\Omega)\times L_{2}(\Omega) and then it is proved that this global attractor is a bounded subset of H^{2}(\Omega)\times H^{2}(\Omega) and also a global attractor in H^{2}(\Omega)\cap H_{0}^{1}(\Omega)\times H_{0}^{1}(\Omega).
1003.4760v3
2010-05-20
Nonclassical phase-space trajectories for the damped harmonic quantum oscillator
The phase-space path-integral approach to the damped harmonic oscillator is analyzed beyond the Markovian approximation. It is found that pairs of nonclassical trajectories contribute to the path-integral representation of the Wigner propagating function. Due to the linearity of the problem, the sum coordinate of a pair still satisfies the classical equation of motion. Furthermore, it is shown that the broadening of the Wigner propagating function of the damped oscillator arises due to the time-nonlocal interaction mediated by the heat bath.
1005.3839v1
2010-06-09
Self frequency-locking of a chain of oscillators
The paper studies the vibrational modes of a slightly damped uniform chain, with n masses coupled by elastic forces. It will be shown that, for certain lengths of the chain, that is for certain values of n, the damping of one of the masses at a specific position in the chain is able to constrain the vibration of the system to oscillate at a specific frequency. The damped mass turns out to be a node of the chain, subdividing it in two parts. This node can be considered as the synchronization element of the two subchains. As a consequence the oscillating system of n-masses is self-locking to the synchronized frequency of its subchains.
1006.1722v1
2010-08-20
First principles quasiparticle damping rates in bulk lead
First principles calculations of the damping rates (inverse inelastic lifetimes) of low energy quasiparticles in bulk Pb are presented. Damping rates are obtained both for excited electrons and holes with energies up to 8 eV on a set of k vectors throughout the Brillouin zone (BZ). Strong localization effects in the calculated lifetimes are found. Averaged over the BZ inelastic lifetimes versus quasiparticle energy are reported as well. In addition, the effect of the spin-orbit induced splitting in the band structure on the calculated lifetimes in Pb is investigated.
1008.3415v1
2010-12-07
Turbulence damping as a measure of the flow dimensionality
The dimensionality of turbulence in fluid layers determines their properties. We study electromagnetically driven flows in finite depth fluid layers and show that eddy viscosity, which appears as a result of three-dimensional motions, leads to increased bottom damping. The anomaly coefficient, which characterizes the deviation of damping from the one derived using a quasi-two-dimensional model, can be used as a measure of the flow dimensionality. Experiments in turbulent layers show that when the anomaly coefficient becomes high, the turbulent inverse energy cascade is suppressed. In the opposite limit turbulence can self-organize into a coherent flow.
1012.1371v1