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2007-05-25
The Secular Evolution of a Close Ring-Satellite System: The Excitation of Spiral Bending Waves at a Nearby Gap Edge
The secular perturbations exerted by an inclined satellite orbiting in a gap in a broad planetary ring tends to excite the inclinations of the nearby ring particles, and the ring's self-gravity can allow that disturbance to propagate away in the form of a spiral bending wave. The amplitude of this spiral bending wave is determined, as well as the wavelength, which shrinks as the waves propagate outwards due to the effects of the central planet's oblateness. The excitation of these bending waves also damps the satellite's inclination I. This secular I damping is also compared to the inclination excitation that is due to the satellite's many other vertical resonances in the ring, and the condition for inclination damping is determined. The secular I damping is likely responsible for confining the orbits of Saturn's two known gap-embedded moons, Pan and Daphnis, to the ring plane.
0705.3797v1
2007-06-15
Anticorrelation between temperature and fluctuations in moderately damped Josephson junctions
We study the influence of dissipation on the switching current statistics of moderately damped Josephson junctions. Different types of both low- and high- $T_c$ junctions with controlled damping are studied. The damping parameter of the junctions is tuned in a wide range by changing temperature, magnetic field, gate voltage, introducing a ferromagnetic layer or in-situ capacitive shunting. A paradoxical collapse of switching current fluctuations occurs with increasing $T$ in all studied junctions. The phenomenon critically depends on dissipation in the junction and is explained by interplay of two counteracting consequences of thermal fluctuations, which on the one hand assist in premature switching into the resistive state and on the other hand help in retrapping back to the superconducting state. This is one of the rare examples of anticorrelation between temperature and fluctuation amplitude of a physically measurable quantity.
0706.2248v1
2007-08-06
Collisionless damping of electron waves in non-Maxwellian plasma
In this paper we have criticized the so-called Landau damping theory. We have analyzed solutions of the standard dispersion equations for longitudinal (electric) and transversal (electromagnetic and electron) waves in half-infinite slab of the uniform collisionless plasmas with non-Maxwellian and Maxwellian-like electron energy distribution functions. One considered the most typical cases of both the delta-function type distribution function (the plasma stream with monochromatic electrons) and distribution functions, different from Maxwellian ones as with a surplus as well as with a shortage in the Maxwellian distribution function tail. It is shown that there are present for the considered cases both collisionless damping and also non-damping electron waves even in the case of non-Maxwellian distribution function.
0708.0748v5
2007-08-14
Preliminary Results on Vibration Damping Properties of Nanoscale-Reinforced Composite Materials
The focus in this paper is an analysis of existing state of the arts directed toward the development of the next generation of vibration damping systems. The research work concentrates on an investigation related to nanoparticles/fibres/tubes-reinforced materials and coatings dynamic characterization and modeling of the fundamental phenomena that control relationships between structure and damping/mechanical properties of the materials. We simulated composite materials using finite element and mesh free methods, using a hollow shell representation of the individual nanotube/fiber. Results of the research work will provide a platform for the development of nanoparticle-reinforced damping materials that are light-weight, vibration and shock resistant. The outcome of the research work is expected to have wide-ranging technical benefits with direct relevance to industry in areas of transportation (aerospace, automotive, rail), electronics and civil infrastructure development.
0708.1821v1
2007-08-18
Non-Riemannian geometrical asymmetrical damping stresses on the Lagrange instability of shear flows
It is shown that the physical interpretation of Elie Cartan three-dimensional space torsion as couple asymmetric stress, has the effect of damping, previously Riemannian unstable Couette planar shear flow, leading to stability of the flow in the Lagrangean sense. Actually, since the flow speed is inversely proportional to torsion, it has the effect of causing a damping in the planar flow atenuating the instability effect. In this sense we may say that Cartan torsion induces shear viscous asymmetric stresses in the fluid, which are able to damp the instability of the flow. The stability of the flow is computed from the sectional curvature in non-Riemannian three-dimensional manifold. Marginal stability is asssumed by making the sectional non-Riemannian curvature zero, which allows us to determine the speeds of flows able to induce this stability. The ideas discussed here show that torsion plays the geometrical role of magnetic field in hydromagnetic instability of Couette flows recently investigated by Bonnano and Urpin (PRE, (2007,in press) can be extended and applied to plastic flows with microstructure defects. Recently Riemannian asymmetric stresses in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) have been considered by Billig (2004).
0708.2467v1
2007-12-07
State transition of a non-Ohmic damping system in a corrugated plane
Anomalous transport of a particle subjected to non-Ohmic damping of the power $\delta$ in a tilted periodic potential is investigated via Monte Carlo simulation of generalized Langevin equation. It is found that the system exhibits two relative motion modes: the locking state and the running state. Under the surrounding of sub-Ohmic damping ($0<\delta<1$), the particle should transfer into a running state from a locking state only when local minima of the potential vanish; hence the particle occurs a synchronization oscillation in its mean displacement and mean square displacement (MSD). In particular, the two motion modes are allowed to coexist in the case of super-Ohmic damping ($1<\delta<2$) for moderate driving forces, namely, where exists double centers in the velocity distribution. This induces the particle having faster diffusion, i.e., its MSD reads $<\Delta x^2(t)> = 2D^{(\delta)}_{eff} t^{\delta_{eff}}$. Our result shows that the effective power index $\delta_{\textmd{eff}}$ can be enhanced and is a nonmonotonic function of the temperature and the driving force. The mixture effect of the two motion modes also leads to a breakdown of hysteresis loop of the mobility.
0712.1070v1
2007-12-25
The damped Pinney equation and its applications to dissipative quantum mechanics
The work considers the damped Pinney equation, defined as the model arising when a linear in velocity damping term is included in the Pinney equation. In the general case the resulting equation does not admit Lie point symmetries or is reducible to a simpler form by any obvious coordinate transformation. In this context the method of Kuzmak-Luke is applied to derive a perturbation solution, for weak damping and slow time-dependence of the frequency function. The perturbative and numerical solutions are shown to be in good agreement. The results are applied to examine the time-evolution of Gaussian shaped wave-functions in the Kostin formulation of dissipative quantum mechanics.
0712.4083v3
2008-01-01
Non-linear equations for electron waves in Maxwellian low-collision ion-electron plasmas
The before described general principles and methodology of calculating electron wave propagation in homogeneous isotropic half-infinity slab of Maxwellian plasma with indefinite but in principal value sense taken integrals in characteristic equations, and the use of 2D Laplace transform method are applied to an evaluation of collision damping decrements of plane electron longitudinal and transverse waves. Damping decrement tends to infinity when the wave frequency tends to electron Langmuir frequency from above values. We considered recurrent relations for amplitudes of the overtones which form in their sum the all solution of the plasma wave non-linear equations including collision damping and quadratic (non-linear) terms. Collisionless damping at frequencies more the Langmuir one is possible only in non-Maxwellian plasmas.
0801.0286v2
2008-02-22
Radiative Damping and Functional Differential Equations
We propose a general technique to solve the classical many-body problem with radiative damping. We modify the short-distance structure of Maxwell electrodynamics. This allows us to avoid runaway solutions as if we had a covariant model of extended particles. The resulting equations of motion are functional differential equations (FDEs) rather than ordinary differential equations. Using recently developed numerical techniques for stiff FDEs, we solve these equations for the one-body central force problem with radiative damping with a view to benchmark our new approach. Our results indicate that locally the magnitude of radiation damping may be well approximated by the standard third-order expression but the global properties of our solutions are dramatically different. We comment on the two body problem and applications to quantum field theory and quantum mechanics.
0802.3390v2
2008-04-24
Analytic approximate seismology of transversely oscillating coronal loops
We present an analytic approximate seismic inversion scheme for damped transverse coronal loop oscillations based on the thin tube and thin boundary approximation for computing the period and the damping time. Asymptotic expressions for the period and damping rate are used to illustrate the process of seismological inversion in a simple and easy to follow manner. The inversion procedure is formulated in terms of two simple functions, which are given by simple closed expressions. The analytic seismic inversion shows that an infinite amount of 1-dimensional equilibrium models can reproduce the observed periods and damping times. It predicts a specific range of allowable values for the Alfven travel time and lower bounds for the density contrast and the inhomogeneity length scale. When the results of the present analytic seismic inversion are compared with those of a previous numerical inversion, excellent agreement is found up to the point that the analytic seismic inversion emerges as a tool for validating results of numerical inversions. Actually it helped us to identify and correct inaccuracies in a previous numerical investigation.
0804.3877v1
2009-01-08
Grand-mother clocks and quiet lasers
Galileo noted in the 16th century that the period of oscillation of a pendulum is almost independent of the amplitude. However, such a pendulum is damped by air friction. The latter may be viewed as resulting from air molecules getting in contact with the pendulum. It follows that air friction, not only damps the oscillation, but also introduces randomness. In the so-called ``grand-mother'' clock, discovered by Huygens in the 18th century, damping is compensated for, on the average, by an escapement mechanism driven by a falling weight. The purpose of this paper is to show that such a clock is, in its idealized form, a quiet oscillator. By ``quiet'' we mean that in spite of the randomness introduced by damping, the dissipated power (viewed as the oscillator output) does not fluctuate slowly. Comparison is made with quiet laser oscillators discovered theoretically in 1984. Because the input power does not fluctuate in both the mechanical oscillator and the quiet laser oscillator, the output power does not fluctuate at small Fourier frequencies, irrespectively of the detailed mechanisms involved.
0901.0983v1
2009-01-15
Interaction of fast charged projectiles with two-dimensional electron gas: Interaction and disorder effects
The results of a theoretical investigation on the stopping power of ions moving in a disordered two-dimensional degenerate electron gas are presented. The stopping power for an ion is calculated employing linear response theory using the dielectric function approach. The disorder, which leads to a damping of plasmons and quasiparticles in the electron gas, is taken into account through a relaxation time approximation in the linear response function. The stopping power for an ion is calculated in both the low- and high-velocity limits. In order to highlight the effects of damping we present a comparison of our analytical and numerical results, in the case of point-like ions, obtained for a non-zero damping with those for a vanishing damping. It is shown that the equipartition sum rule first formulated by Lindhard and Winther for three-dimensional degenerate electron gas does not necessarily hold in two-dimensions. We have generalized this rule introducing an effective dielectric function. In addition some new results for two-dimensional interacting electron gas have been obtained. In this case the exchange-correlation interactions of electrons are considered via local-field-corrected dielectric function.
0901.2249v1
2009-02-01
Non-Markovian Analysis of the Phase Damped Jaynes-Cummings Model in the Presence of a Classical Homogeneous Gravitational Field
In this paper, the non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of the phase damped Jaynes-Cummings model in the presence of a classical homogeneous gravitational field will be analyzed. The model consists of a moving two-level atom simultaneously exposed to the gravitational field and a single-mode traveling radiation field in the presence of a non-Markovian phase damping mechanism. First, the non-Markovian master equation for the reduced density operator of the system in terms of a Hamiltonian describing the atom-field interaction in the presence of a homogeneous gravitational field will be presented. Then, the super-operator technique will be generalized and an exact solution of the non-Markovian master equation will be obtained. Assuming that initially the radiation field is prepared in a Glauber coherent state and the two-level atom is in the excited state, the non-Markovian effects on the temporal evolution of collapses and revivals of the atomic population inversion and photon counting statistics of the radiation field in the presence of both the phase damping and a homogeneous gravitational field will be investigated.
0902.0114v1
2009-05-04
Models of Damped Oscillators in Quantum Mechanics
We consider several models of the damped oscillators in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics in a framework of a general approach to the dynamics of the time-dependent Schroedinger equation with variable quadratic Hamiltonians. The Green functions are explicitly found in terms of elementary functions and the corresponding gauge transformations are discussed. The factorization technique is applied to the case of a shifted harmonic oscillator. The time-evolution of the expectation values of the energy related operators is determined for two models of the quantum damped oscillators under consideration. The classical equations of motion for the damped oscillations are derived for the corresponding expectation values of the position operator.
0905.0507v6
2009-05-28
Resonant Nonlinear Damping of Quantized Spin Waves in Ferromagnetic Nanowires
We use spin torque ferromagnetic resonance to measure the spectral properties of dipole-exchange spin waves in permalloy nanowires. Our measurements reveal that geometric confinement has a profound effect on the damping of spin waves in the nanowire geometry. The damping parameter of the lowest-energy quantized spin wave mode depends on applied magnetic field in a resonant way and exhibits a maximum at a field that increases with decreasing nanowire width. This enhancement of damping originates from a nonlinear resonant three-magnon confluence process allowed at a particular bias field value determined by quantization of the spin wave spectrum in the nanowire geometry.
0905.4699v2
2009-06-01
Effect of Decoherence in Ekert-Protocol
We have examined the effect of the decoherence in the Ekert91 quantum cryptographic protocol. In order to explore this issue we have introduced two major decoherences, the depolarizing channel and the generalized amplitude damping, between the singlet source and one of the legitimate users. It is shown that the depolarizing channel disentangles the quantum channel more easily than the generalized amplitude damping. This fact indicates that the Ekert protocol is more robust to the generalized amplitude damping. We also have computed the Bell inequality to check the robustness or weakness of the Ekert91 protocol. Computation of the Bell inequality also confirms the robustness of the Ekert91 protocol to the generalized amplitude damping compared to the depolarizing channel.
0906.0233v1
2009-08-05
Surface plasmon lifetime in metal nanoshells
The lifetime of localized surface plasmon plays an important role in many aspects of plasmonics and its applications. In small metal nanostructures, the dominant mechanism restricting plasmon lifetime is size-dependent Landau damping. We performed quantum-mechanical calculations of Landau damping for the bright surface plasmon mode in a metal nanoshell. In contrast to the conventional model based on the electron surface scattering, we found that the damping rate decreases as the nanoshell thickness is reduced. The origin of this behavior is traced to the spatial distribution of plasmon local field inside the metal shell. We also found that, due to interference of electron scattering amplitudes from nanoshell's two metal surfaces, the damping rate exhibits pronounced quantum beats with changing shell thickness.
0908.0647v3
2009-08-12
Coarse Grained Simulations of a Small Peptide: Effects of Finite Damping and Hydrodynamic Interactions
In the coarse grained Brownian Dynamics simulation method the many solvent molecules are replaced by random thermal kicks and an effective friction acting on the particles of interest. For Brownian Dynamics the friction has to be so strong that the particles' velocities are damped much faster than the duration of an integration timestep. Here we show that this conceptual limit can be dropped with an analytic integration of the equations of damped motion. In the resulting Langevin integration scheme our recently proposed approximate form of the hydrodynamic interactions between the particles can be incorparated conveniently, leading to a fast multi-particle propagation scheme, which captures more of the short-time and short-range solvent effects than standard BD. Comparing the dynamics of a bead-spring model of a short peptide, we recommend to run simulations of small biological molecules with the Langevin type finite damping and to include the hydrodynamic interactions.
0908.1685v1
2009-09-01
Quantum Stackelberg duopoly in the presence of correlated noise
We study the influence of entanglement and correlated noise using correlated amplitude damping, depolarizing and phase damping channels on the quantum Stackelberg duopoly. Our investigations show that under the action of amplitude damping channel a critical point exists for unentangled initial state as well, at which firms get equal payoffs. The game becomes a follower advantage game when the channel is highly decohered. Two critical points corresponding to two values of the entanglement angle are found in the presence of correlated noise. Within the range of these limits of entanglement angle, the game is follower advantage game. In case of depolarizing channel, the payoffs of the two firms are strongly influenced by the memory parameter. The presence of quantum memory ensures the existence of Nash equilibrium for the entire range of decoherence and entanglement parameters for both the channels. A local maximum in the payoffs is observed which vanishes as the channel correlation increases. Moreover, under the influence of depolarizing channel, the game is always a leader advantage game. Furthermore, it is seen that phase damping channel does not effect the outcome of the game.
0909.0063v2
2009-09-04
Second sound dipole mode in a partially Bose-Einstein condensed gas
We study the second sound dipole mode in a partially Bose-Einstein condensed gas. This mode is excited by spatially separating and releasing the center-of-mass of the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with respect to the thermal cloud, after which the equilibration is observed. The oscillation frequency and the damping rate of this mode is studied for different harmonic confinements and temperatures. The measured damping rates close to the collisionless regime are found to be in good agreement with Landau damping. For increasing hydrodynamicity of the cloud we observe an increase of the damping.
0909.0886v1
2009-12-30
Finite dimensional attractor for a composite system of wave/plate equations with localised damping
The long-term behaviour of solutions to a model for acoustic-structure interactions is addressed; the system is comprised of coupled semilinear wave (3D) and plate equations with nonlinear damping and critical sources. The questions of interest are: existence of a global attractor for the dynamics generated by this composite system, as well as dimensionality and regularity of the attractor. A distinct and challenging feature of the problem is the geometrically restricted dissipation on the wave component of the system. It is shown that the existence of a global attractor of finite fractal dimension -- established in a previous work by Bucci, Chueshov and Lasiecka (Comm. Pure Appl. Anal., 2007) only in the presence of full interior acoustic damping -- holds even in the case of localised dissipation. This nontrivial generalization is inspired by and consistent with the recent advances in the study of wave equations with nonlinear localised damping.
0912.5464v2
2010-02-12
Features of ion acoustic waves in collisional plasmas
The effects of friction on the ion acoustic (IA) wave in fully and partially ionized plasmas are studied. In a quasi-neutral electron-ion plasma the friction between the two species cancels out exactly and the wave propagates without any damping. If the Poisson equation is used instead of the quasi-neutrality, however, the IA wave is damped and the damping is dispersive. In a partially ionized plasma, the collisions with the neutrals modify the IA wave beyond recognition. For a low density of neutrals the mode is damped. Upon increasing the neutral density, the mode becomes first evanescent and then reappears for a still larger number of neutrals. A similar behavior is obtained by varying the mode wave-length. The explanation for this behavior is given. In an inhomogeneous plasma placed in an external magnetic field, and for magnetized electrons and un-magnetized ions, the IA mode propagates in any direction and in this case the collisions make it growing on the account of the energy stored in the density gradient. The growth rate is angle dependent. A comparison with the collision-less kinetic density gradient driven IA instability is also given.
1002.2502v1
2010-02-18
Damping mechanisms for oscillations in solar prominences
Small amplitude oscillations are a commonly observed feature in prominences/filaments. These oscillations appear to be of local nature, are associated to the fine structure of prominence plasmas, and simultaneous flows and counterflows are also present. The existing observational evidence reveals that small amplitude oscillations, after excited, are damped in short spatial and temporal scales by some as yet not well determined physical mechanism(s). Commonly, these oscillations have been interpreted in terms of linear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves, and this paper reviews the theoretical damping mechanisms that have been recently put forward in order to explain the observed attenuation scales. These mechanisms include thermal effects, through non-adiabatic processes, mass flows, resonant damping in non-uniform media, and partial ionization effects. The relevance of each mechanism is assessed by comparing the spatial and time scales produced by each of them with those obtained from observations. Also, the application of the latest theoretical results to perform prominence seismology is discussed, aiming to determine physical parameters in prominence plasmas that are difficult to measure by direct means.
1002.3489v2
2010-03-07
Theory of plasmon decay in dense plasmas and warm dense matter
The decay of the Langmuir waves in dense plasmas is not accurately predicted by the prevalent Landau damping theory. A dielectric function theory is introduced, predicting much higher damping than the Landau damping theory. This strong damping is in better agreement with the experimentally observed data in metals. It is shown that the strong plasmon decay leads to the existence of a parameter regime where the backward Raman scattering is unstable while the forward Raman scattering is stable. This regime may be used to create intense x-ray pulses, by means of the the backward Raman compression. The optimal pulse duration and intensity is estimated.
1003.1523v2
2010-03-16
Justification of the symmetric damping model of the dynamical Casimir effect in a cavity with a semiconductor mirror
A "microscopic" justification of the "symmetric damping" model of a quantum oscillator with time-dependent frequency and time-dependent damping is given. This model is used to predict results of experiments on simulating the dynamical Casimir effect in a cavity with a photo-excited semiconductor mirror. It is shown that the most general bilinear time-dependent coupling of a selected oscillator (field mode) to a bath of harmonic oscillators results in two equal friction coefficients for the both quadratures, provided all the coupling coefficients are proportional to a single arbitrary function of time whose duration is much shorter than the periods of all oscillators. The choice of coupling in the rotating wave approximation form leads to the "mimimum noise" model of the quantum damped oscillator, introduced earlier in a pure phenomenological way.
1003.3061v2
2010-05-23
Constraining phases of quark matter with studies of r-mode damping in neutron stars
The r-mode instability in rotating compact stars is used to constrain the phase of matter at high density. The color-flavor-locked phase with kaon condensation (CFL-K0) and without (CFL) is considered in the temperature range 10^8K < T <10^{11} K. While the bulk viscosity in either phase is only effective at damping the r-mode at temperatures T > 10^{11} K, the shear viscosity in the CFL-K0 phase is the only effective damping agent all the way down to temperatures T > 10^8 K characteristic of cooling neutron stars. However, it cannot keep the star from becoming unstable to gravitational wave emission for rotation frequencies f ~ 56-11 Hz at T ~ 10^8-10^9 K. Stars composed almost entirely of CFL or CFL-K0 matter are ruled out by observation of rapidly rotating neutron stars, indicating that dissipation at the quark-hadron interface or nuclear crust interface must play a key role in damping the instability.
1005.4161v1
2010-07-07
Observational evidence of resonantly damped propagating kink waves in the solar corona
In this Letter we establish clear evidence for the resonant absorption damping mechanism by analyzing observational data from the novel Coronal Multi-Channel Polarimeter (CoMP). This instrument has established that in the solar corona there are ubiquitous propagating low amplitude ($\approx$1 km s$^{-1}$) Alfv\'{e}nic waves with a wide range of frequencies. Realistically interpreting these waves as the kink mode from magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave theory, they should exhibit a frequency dependent damping length due to resonant absorption, governed by the TGV relation showing that transversal plasma inhomogeneity in coronal magnetic flux tubes causes them to act as natural low-pass filters. It is found that observed frequency dependence on damping length (up to about 8 mHz) can be explained by the kink wave interpretation and furthermore, the spatially averaged equilibrium parameter describing the length scale of transverse plasma density inhomogeneity over a system of coronal loops is consistent with the range of values estimated from TRACE observations of standing kink modes.
1007.1080v1
2010-07-12
Variable damping and coherence in a high-density magnon gas
We report on the fast relaxation behavior of a high-density magnon gas created by a parametric amplification process. The magnon gas is probed using the technique of spin-wave packet recovery by parallel parametric pumping. Experimental results show a damping behavior which is in disagreement with both the standard model of exponential decay and with earlier observations of non-linear damping. In particular, the inherent magnon damping is found to depend upon the presence of the parametric pumping field. A phenomenological model which accounts for the dephasing of the earlier injected magnons is in good agreement with the experimental data.
1007.1895v3
2010-07-21
A low-power circuit for piezoelectric vibration control by synchronized switching on voltage sources
In the paper, a vibration damping system powered by harvested energy with implementation of the so-called SSDV (synchronized switch damping on voltage source) technique is designed and investigated. In the semi-passive approach, the piezoelectric element is intermittently switched from open-circuit to specific impedance synchronously with the structural vibration. Due to this switching procedure, a phase difference appears between the strain induced by vibration and the resulting voltage, thus creating energy dissipation. By supplying the energy collected from the piezoelectric materials to the switching circuit, a new low-power device using the SSDV technique is proposed. Compared with the original self-powered SSDI (synchronized switch damping on inductor), such a device can significantly improve its performance of vibration control. Its effectiveness in the single-mode resonant damping of a composite beam is validated by the experimental results.
1007.3596v1
2010-10-24
Long-time dynamics in plate models with strong nonlinear damping
We study long-time dynamics of a class of abstract second order in time evolution equations in a Hilbert space with the damping term depending both on displacement and velocity. This damping represents the nonlinear strong dissipation phenomenon perturbed with relatively compact terms. Our main result states the existence of a compact finite dimensional attractor. We study properties of this attractor. We also establish the existence of a fractal exponential attractor and give the conditions that guarantee the existence of a finite number of determining functionals. In the case when the set of equilibria is finite and hyperbolic we show that every trajectory is attracted by some equilibrium with exponential rate. Our arguments involve a recently developed method based on the "compensated" compactness and quasi-stability estimates. As an application we consider the nonlinear Kirchhoff, Karman and Berger plate models with different types of boundary conditions and strong damping terms. Our results can be also applied to the nonlinear wave equations.
1010.4991v1
2010-11-05
Effects of Turbulence, Eccentricity Damping, and Migration Rate on the Capture of Planets into Mean Motion Resonance
Pairs of migrating extrasolar planets often lock into mean motion resonance as they drift inward. This paper studies the convergent migration of giant planets (driven by a circumstellar disk) and determines the probability that they are captured into mean motion resonance. The probability that such planets enter resonance depends on the type of resonance, the migration rate, the eccentricity damping rate, and the amplitude of the turbulent fluctuations. This problem is studied both through direct integrations of the full 3-body problem, and via semi-analytic model equations. In general, the probability of resonance decreases with increasing migration rate, and with increasing levels of turbulence, but increases with eccentricity damping. Previous work has shown that the distributions of orbital elements (eccentricity and semimajor axis) for observed extrasolar planets can be reproduced by migration models with multiple planets. However, these results depend on resonance locking, and this study shows that entry into -- and maintenance of -- mean motion resonance depends sensitively on migration rate, eccentricity damping, and turbulence.
1011.1486v1
2010-11-21
Quasi-normal frequencies: Semi-analytic results for highly damped modes
Black hole highly-damped quasi-normal frequencies (QNFs) are very often of the form (offset)} + i n (gap). We have investigated the genericity of this phenomenon for the Schwarzschild--deSitter (SdS) black hole by considering a model potential that is piecewise Eckart (piecewise Poeschl-Teller), and developing an analytic ``quantization condition'' for the highly-damped quasi-normal frequencies. We find that the (offset) + i n(gap) behaviour is common but not universal, with the controlling feature being whether or not the ratio of the surface gravities is a rational number. We furthermore observed that the relation between rational ratios of surface gravities and periodicity of QNFs is very generic, and also occurs within different analytic approaches applied to various types of black hole spacetimes. These observations are of direct relevance to any physical situation where highly-damped quasi-normal modes are important.
1011.4634v1
2011-03-09
Nonlinear damping in mechanical resonators based on graphene and carbon nanotubes
Carbon nanotubes and graphene allow fabricating outstanding nanomechanical resonators. They hold promise for various scientific and technological applications, including sensing of mass, force, and charge, as well as the study of quantum phenomena at the mesoscopic scale. Here, we have discovered that the dynamics of nanotube and graphene resonators is in fact highly exotic. We propose an unprecedented scenario where mechanical dissipation is entirely determined by nonlinear damping. As a striking consequence, the quality factor Q strongly depends on the amplitude of the motion. This scenario is radically different from that of other resonators, whose dissipation is dominated by a linear damping term. We believe that the difference stems from the reduced dimensionality of carbon nanotubes and graphene. Besides, we exploit the nonlinear nature of the damping to improve the figure of merit of nanotube/graphene resonators.
1103.1788v1
2011-05-03
Entanglement in a Bipartite Gaussian State
To examine the loss of entanglement in a two-particle Gaussian system, we couple it to an environment and use the Non-Rotating Wave master equation to study the system's dynamics. We also present a derivation of this equation. We consider two different types of evolution. Under free evolution we find that entanglement is lost quickly between the particles. When a harmonic potential is added between the particles, two very different behaviours can be observed, namely in the over and under-damped cases respectively, where the strength of the damping is determined by how large the coupling to the bath is with respect to the frequency of the potential. In the over-damped case, we find that the entanglement vanishes at even shorter times than it does in the free evolution. In the (very) under-damped case, we observe that the entanglement does not vanish. Instead it oscillates towards a stable value.
1105.0564v1
2011-06-15
Plasma damping effects on the radiative energy loss of relativistic particles
The energy loss of a relativistic charge undergoing multiple scatterings while traversing an infinite, polarizable and absorptive plasma is investigated. Polarization and damping mechanisms in the medium are phenomenologically modelled by a complex index of refraction. Apart from the known Ter-Mikaelian effect related to the dielectric polarization of matter, we find an additional, substantial reduction of the energy loss due to damping of radiation. The observed effect is more prominent for larger damping and/or larger energy of the charge. A conceivable analog of this phenomenon in QCD could influence the study of jet quenching phenomena in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC.
1106.2856v3
2011-09-12
Reduction of compressibility and parallel transfer by Landau damping in turbulent magnetized plasmas
Three-dimensional numerical simulations of decaying turbulence in a magnetized plasma are performed using a so-called FLR-Landau fluid model which incorporates linear Landau damping and finite Larmor radius (FLR) corrections. It is shown that compared to simulations of compressible Hall-MHD, linear Landau damping is responsible for significant damping of magnetosonic waves, which is consistent with the linear kinetic theory. Compressibility of the fluid and parallel energy cascade along the ambient magnetic field are also significantly inhibited when the beta parameter is not too small. In contrast with Hall-MHD, the FLR-Landau fluid model can therefore correctly describe turbulence in collisionless plasmas such as the solar wind, providing an interpretation for its nearly incompressible behavior.
1109.2636v1
2011-09-24
Existence of weak solutions for the generalized Navier-Stokes equations with damping
In this work we consider the generalized Navier-Stoke equations with the presence of a damping term in the momentum equation. % The problem studied here derives from the set of equations which govern the isothermal flow of incompressible, homogeneous and non-Newtonian fluids. % For the generalized Navier-Stokes problem with damping, we prove the existence of weak solutions by using regularization techniques, the theory of monotone operators and compactness arguments together with the local decomposition of the pressure and the Lipschitz-truncation method. The existence result proved here holds for any $q>\frac{2N}{N+2}$ and any $\sigma>1$, where $q$ is the exponent of the diffusion term and $\sigma$ is the exponent which characterizes the damping term.
1109.5217v1
2011-11-14
New Electrodynamics of Pulsars
We have recently proposed that Force-Free Electrodynamics (FFE) does not apply to pulsars -- pulsars should be described by the high-conductivity limit of Strong-Field Electrodynamics (SFE), which predicts an order-unity damping of the Poynting flux, while FFE postulates zero damping. The strong damping result has not been accepted by several pulsar experts, who claim that FFE basically works and the Poynting flux damping can be arbitrarily small. Here we consider a thought experiment -- cylindrical periodic pulsar. We show that FFE is incapable of describing this object, while SFE predictions are physically plausible. The intrinsic breakdown of FFE should mean that the FFE description of the singular current layer (the only region of magnetosphere where FFE and the high-conductivity SFE differ) is incorrect. Then the high-conductivity SFE should be the right theory for real pulsars too, and the pure-FFE description of pulsars should be discarded.
1111.3377v1
2011-12-20
Dynamics of DNA breathing in the Peyrard-Bishop model with damping and external force
The impact of damping effect and external forces to the DNA breathing is investigated within the Peyrard-Bishop model. In in the continuum limit, the dynamics of the breathing of DNA is described by the forced-damped nonlinear Schrodinger equation and studied by means of variational method. The analytical solutions are obtained for special cases. It is shown that the breather propagation is decelerated in the presence of damping factor without the external force, while the envelope velocity and the amplitude increase significantly with the presence of external force. It is particularly found that the higher harmonic terms are enhanced when the periodic force is applied. It is finally argued that the external force accelerates the DNA breathing.
1112.4715v1
2012-01-31
Parametric amplification and self-oscillation in a nanotube mechanical resonator
A hallmark of mechanical resonators made from a single nanotube is that the resonance frequency can be widely tuned. Here, we take advantage of this property to realize parametric amplification and self-oscillation. The gain of the parametric amplification can be as high as 18.2 dB and tends to saturate at high parametric pumping due to nonlinear damping. These measurements allow us to determine the coefficient of the linear damping force. The corresponding damping rate is lower than the one obtained from the lineshape of the resonance (without pumping), supporting the recently reported scenario that describes damping in nanotube resonators by a nonlinear force. The possibility to combine nanotube resonant mechanics and parametric amplification holds promise for future ultra-low force sensing experiments.
1201.6557v1
2012-04-03
Inhomogeneity of the phase space of the damped harmonic oscillator under Levy noise
The damped harmonic oscillator under symmetric L\'{e}vy white noise shows inhomogeneous phase space, which is in contrast to the homogeneous one of the same oscillator under the Gaussian white noise, as shown in a recent paper [I. M. Sokolov, W. Ebeling, and B. Dybiec, Phys. Rev. E \textbf{83}, 041118 (2011)]. The inhomogeneity of the phase space shows certain correlation between the coordinate and the velocity of the damped oscillator under symmetric L\'{e}vy white noise. In the present work we further explore the physical origin of these distinguished features and find that it is due to the combination of the damped effect and heavy tail of the noise. We demonstrate directly this in the reduced coordinate $\tilde{x}$ versus velocity $\tilde{v}$ plots and identify the physics of the anti-association of the coordinate and velocity.
1204.0593v2
2012-06-20
Metadamping: An emergent phenomenon in dissipative metamaterials
We theoretically demonstrate the concept of metadamping in dissipative metamaterials. We consider an infinite mass-spring chain with repeated local resonators and a statically equivalent periodic chain whose wave propagation characteristics are based on Bragg scattering. For each system we introduce identical viscous damping (dashpot) elements and compare the damping ratio associated with all Bloch modes. We find that the locally resonant metamaterial exhibits higher dissipation overall which indicates a damping emergence phenomena due to the presence of local resonance. We conclude our investigation by quantifying the degree of emergent damping as a function of the long-wave speed of sound in the medium or the static stiffness.
1206.4577v2
2012-07-12
Spin Damping in an RF Atomic Magnetometer
Under negative feedback, the quality factor Q of a radio-frequency magnetometer can be decreased by more than two orders of magnitude, so that any initial perturbation of the polarized spin system can be rapidly damped, preparing the magnetometer for detection of the desired signal. We find that noise is also suppressed under such spin-damping, with a characteristic spectral response corresponding to the type of noise; therefore magnetic, photon-shot, and spin-projection noise can be measured distinctly. While the suppression of resonant photon-shot noise implies the closed-loop production of polarization-squeezed light, the suppression of resonant spin-projection noise does not imply spin-squeezing, rather simply the broadening of the noise spectrum with Q. Furthermore, the application of spin-damping during phase-sensitive detection suppresses both signal and noise in such a way as to increase the sensitivity bandwidth. We demonstrate a three-fold increase in the magnetometer's bandwidth while maintaining 0.3 fT/\surdHz sensitivity.
1207.2842v1
2012-07-12
Damping of phase fluctuations in superfluid Bose gases
Using Popov's hydrodynamic approach we derive an effective Euclidean action for the long-wavelength phase fluctuations of superfluid Bose gases in D dimensions. We then use this action to calculate the damping of phase fluctuations at zero temperature as a function of D. For D >1 and wavevectors | k | << 2 mc (where m is the mass of the bosons and c is the sound velocity) we find that the damping in units of the phonon energy E_k = c | k | is to leading order gamma_k / E_k = A_D (k_0^D / 2 pi rho) (| k | / k_0)^{2 D -2}, where rho is the boson density and k_0 =2 mc is the inverse healing length. For D -> 1 the numerical coefficient A_D vanishes and the damping is proportional to an additional power of |k | /k_0; a self-consistent calculation yields in this case gamma_k / E_k = 1.32 (k_0 / 2 pi rho)^{1/2} |k | / k_0. In one dimension, we also calculate the entire spectral function of phase fluctuations.
1207.3002v3
2012-08-27
The properties of non-thermal X-ray filaments in young supernova remnants
Context. Young supernova remnants (SNRs) exhibit narrow filaments of non-thermal X-ray emission whose widths can be limited either by electron energy losses or damping of the magnetic field. Aims. We want to investigate whether or not different models of these filaments can be observationally tested. Methods. Using observational parameters of four historical remnants, we calculate the filament profiles and compare the spectra of the filaments with those of the total non-thermal emission. For that purpose, we solve an one-dimensional stationary transport equation for the isotropic differential number density of the electrons. Results. We find that the difference between the spectra of filament and total non-thermal emission above 1 keV is more pronounced in the damping model than in the energy-loss model. Conclusions. A considerable damping of the magnetic field can result in an observable difference between the spectra of filament and total non-thermal emission, thus potentially permitting an observational discrimination between the energy-loss model and the damping model of the X-ray filaments.
1208.5322v1
2012-12-18
Thermal activation at moderate-to-high and high damping: finite barrier effects and force spectroscopy
We study the thermal escape problem in the moderate-to-high and high damping regime of a system with a parabolic barrier. We present a formula that matches our numerical results accounting for finite barrier effects, and compare it with previous works. We also show results for the full damping range. We quantitatively study some aspects on the relation between mean first passage time and the definition of a escape rate. To finish we apply our results and considerations in the framework of force spectroscopy problems. We study the differences on the predictions using the different theories and discuss the role of $\gamma \dot{F}$ as the relevant parameter at high damping.
1212.4290v2
2013-01-18
Interfacial roughening in non-ideal fluids: Dynamic scaling in the weak- and strong-damping regime
Interfacial roughening denotes the nonequilibrium process by which an initially flat interface reaches its equilibrium state, characterized by the presence of thermally excited capillary waves. Roughening of fluid interfaces has been first analyzed by Flekkoy and Rothman [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 260 (1995)], where the dynamic scaling exponents in the weakly damped case in two dimensions were found to agree with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. We extend this work by taking into account also the strong-damping regime and perform extensive fluctuating hydrodynamics simulations in two dimensions using the Lattice Boltzmann method. We show that the dynamic scaling behavior is different in the weakly and strongly damped case.
1301.4468v2
2013-02-02
Achieving the Quantum Ground State of a Mechanical Oscillator using a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Back-Action and Cold Damping feedback schemes
We present a detailed study to show the possibility of approaching the quantum ground-state of a hybrid optomechanical quantum device formed by a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) confined inside a high-finesse optical cavity with an oscillatory end mirror. Cooling is achieved using two experimentally realizable schemes: back-action cooling and cold damping quantum feedback cooling. In both the schemes, we found that increasing the two body atom-atom interaction brings the mechanical oscillator to its quantum ground state. It has been observed that back-action cooling is more effective in the good cavity limit while the cold damping cooling scheme is more relevant in the bad cavity limit. It is also shown that in the cold damping scheme, the device is more efficient in the presence of BEC than in the absence of BEC.
1302.0339v1
2013-02-27
Resonantly damped oscillations of elliptically shaped stratified emerging coronal loops
The effects of both elliptical shape and stage of emergence of the coronal loop on the resonant absorption of standing kink oscillations are studied. To do so, a typical coronal loop is modeled as a zero-beta longitudinally stratified cylindrical magnetic flux tube. We developed the connection formulae for the resonant absorption of standing transversal oscillations of a coronal loop with an elliptical shape, at various stages of its emergence. Using the connection formulae, the dispersion relation is derived and solved numerically to obtain the frequencies and damping rates of the fundamental and first-overtone kink modes. Our numerical results show that both the elliptical shape and stage of emergence of the loop alter the frequencies and damping rates of the tube as well as the ratio of frequencies of the fundamental and its first-overtone modes. However, the ratio of the oscillation frequency to the damping rate is not affected by the tube shape and stage of its emergence and also is independent of the density stratification parameter.
1302.6884v1
2013-02-28
Damping of Quantum Vibrations Revealed in Deep Sub-barrier Fusion
We demonstrate that when two colliding nuclei approach each other, their quantum vibrations are damped near the touching point. We show that this damping is responsible for the fusion hindrance phenomena measured in the deep sub-barrier fusion reactions. To show those, we for the first time apply the random-phase-approximation (RPA) method to the two-body $^{16}$O + $^{16}$O and $^{40}$Ca + $^{40}$Ca systems. We calculate the octupole transition strengths for the two nuclei adiabatically approaching each other. The calculated transition strength drastically decreases near the touching point, strongly suggesting the vanishing of the quantum couplings between the relative motion and the vibrational intrinsic degrees of freedom of each nucleus. Based on this picture, we also calculate the fusion cross section for the $^{40}$Ca + $^{40}$Ca system using the coupled-channel method with the damping factor simulating the vanishing of the couplings. The calculated results reproduce well the experimental data, indicating that the smooth transition from the sudden to adiabatic processes indeed occurs in the deep sub-barrier fusion reactions.
1302.7115v2
2013-03-14
Microwave-assisted switching of a nanomagnet: analytical determination of the optimal microwave field
We analytically determine the optimal microwave field that allows for the magnetization reversal of a nanomagnet modeled as a macrospin. This is done by minimizing the total injected energy. The results are in good agreement with the fields obtained numerically using the optimal control theory. For typical values of the damping parameter, a weak microwave field is sufficient to induce switching through a resonant process. The optimal field is orthogonal to the magnetization direction at any time and modulated both in amplitude and frequency. The dependence of the pulse shape on the applied field and damping parameter is interpreted. The total injected energy is found to be proportionnal to the energy barrier between the initial state and the saddle point and to the damping parameter. This result may be used as a means for probing the damping parameter in real nanoparticles.
1303.3501v4
2013-04-05
Nonlocal Gravity: Damping of Linearized Gravitational Waves
In nonlocal general relativity, linearized gravitational waves are damped as they propagate from the source to the receiver in the Minkowski vacuum. Nonlocal gravity is a generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation in which nonlocality is due to the gravitational memory of past events. That nonlocal gravity is dissipative is demonstrated in this paper within certain approximation schemes. The gravitational memory drag leads to the decay of the amplitude of gravitational waves given by the exponential damping factor exp (-t/\tau), where $\tau$ depends on the kernel of nonlocal gravity. The damping time $\tau$ is estimated for gravitational waves of current observational interest and is found to be of the order of, or longer than, the age of the universe.
1304.1769v1
2013-07-29
Damping of Primordial Gravitational Waves from Generalized Sources
It has been shown that a cosmological background with an anisotropic stress tensor, appropriate for a free streaming thermal neutrino background, can damp primordial gravitational waves after they enter the horizon, and can thus affect the CMB B-mode polarization signature due to such tensor modes. Here we generalize this result, and examine the sensitivity of this effect to non-zero neutrino masses, extra neutrino species, and also a possible relativistic background of axions from axion strings. In particular, additional neutrinos with cosmologically interesting neutrino masses at the O(1) eV level will noticeably reduce damping compared to massless neutrinos for gravitational wave modes with $k\tau_0 \approx 100-200$, where $\tau_0 \approx 2/H_0$ and $H_0$ is the present Hubble parameter, while an axion background would produce a phase-dependent damping distinct from that produced by neutrinos.
1307.7571v1
2013-08-08
Small global solutions to the damped two-dimensional Boussinesq equations
The two-dimensional (2D) incompressible Euler equations have been thoroughly investigated and the resolution of the global (in time) existence and uniqueness issue is currently in a satisfactory status. In contrast, the global regularity problem concerning the 2D inviscid Boussinesq equations remains widely open. In an attempt to understand this problem, we examine the damped 2D Boussinesq equations and study how damping affects the regularity of solutions. Since the damping effect is insufficient in overcoming the difficulty due to the "vortex stretching", we seek unique global small solutions and the efforts have been mainly devoted to minimizing the smallness assumption. By positioning the solutions in a suitable functional setting (more precisely the homogeneous Besov space $\mathring{B}^1_{\infty,1}$), we are able to obtain a unique global solution under a minimal smallness assumption.
1308.1723v1
2013-08-21
Approximate quantum error correction for generalized amplitude damping errors
We present analytic estimates of the performances of various approximate quantum error correction schemes for the generalized amplitude damping (GAD) qubit channel. Specifically, we consider both stabilizer and nonadditive quantum codes. The performance of such error-correcting schemes is quantified by means of the entanglement fidelity as a function of the damping probability and the non-zero environmental temperature. The recovery scheme employed throughout our work applies, in principle, to arbitrary quantum codes and is the analogue of the perfect Knill-Laflamme recovery scheme adapted to the approximate quantum error correction framework for the GAD error model. We also analytically recover and/or clarify some previously known numerical results in the limiting case of vanishing temperature of the environment, the well-known traditional amplitude damping channel. In addition, our study suggests that degenerate stabilizer codes and self-complementary nonadditive codes are especially suitable for the error correction of the GAD noise model. Finally, comparing the properly normalized entanglement fidelities of the best performant stabilizer and nonadditive codes characterized by the same length, we show that nonadditive codes outperform stabilizer codes not only in terms of encoded dimension but also in terms of entanglement fidelity.
1308.4582v2
2013-12-18
Radiative damping and synchronization in a graphene-based terahertz emitter
We investigate the collective electron dynamics in a recently proposed graphene-based terahertz emitter under the influence of the radiative damping effect, which is included self-consistently in a molecular dynamics approach. We show that under appropriate conditions synchronization of the dynamics of single electrons takes place, leading to a rise of the oscillating component of the charge current. The synchronization time depends dramatically on the applied dc electric field and electron scattering rate, and is roughly inversely proportional to the radiative damping rate that is determined by the carrier concentration and the geometrical parameters of the device. The emission spectra in the synchronized state, determined by the oscillating current component, are analyzed. The effective generation of higher harmonics for large values of the radiative damping strength is demonstrated.
1312.5193v1
2014-02-13
On the Convergence of Approximate Message Passing with Arbitrary Matrices
Approximate message passing (AMP) methods and their variants have attracted considerable recent attention for the problem of estimating a random vector $\mathbf{x}$ observed through a linear transform $\mathbf{A}$. In the case of large i.i.d. zero-mean Gaussian $\mathbf{A}$, the methods exhibit fast convergence with precise analytic characterizations on the algorithm behavior. However, the convergence of AMP under general transforms $\mathbf{A}$ is not fully understood. In this paper, we provide sufficient conditions for the convergence of a damped version of the generalized AMP (GAMP) algorithm in the case of quadratic cost functions (i.e., Gaussian likelihood and prior). It is shown that, with sufficient damping, the algorithm is guaranteed to converge, although the amount of damping grows with peak-to-average ratio of the squared singular values of the transforms $\mathbf{A}$. This result explains the good performance of AMP on i.i.d. Gaussian transforms $\mathbf{A}$, but also their difficulties with ill-conditioned or non-zero-mean transforms $\mathbf{A}$. A related sufficient condition is then derived for the local stability of the damped GAMP method under general cost functions, assuming certain strict convexity conditions.
1402.3210v3
2014-03-28
Strichartz estimates and smooth attractors for a sub-quintic wave equation with fractional damping in bounded domains
The work is devoted to Dirichlet problem for sub-quintic semi-linear wave equation with damping damping term of the form $(-\Delta)^\alpha\partial_t u$, $\alpha\in(0,\frac{1}{2})$, in bounded smooth domains of $\Bbb R^3$. It appears that to prove well-posedness and develop smooth attractor theory for the problem we need additional regularity of the solutions, which does not follow from the energy estimate. Considering the original problem as perturbation of the linear one the task is reduced to derivation of Strichartz type estimate for the linear wave equation with fractional damping, which is the main feature of the work. Existence of smooth exponential attractor for the natural dynamical system associated with the problem is also established.
1403.7476v1
2014-05-16
Damping of Confined Modes in a Ferromagnetic Thin Insulating Film: Angular Momentum Transfer Across a Nanoscale Field-defined Interface
We observe a dependence of the damping of a confined mode of precessing ferromagnetic magnetization on the size of the mode. The micron-scale mode is created within an extended, unpatterned YIG film by means of the intense local dipolar field of a micromagnetic tip. We find that damping of the confined mode scales like the surface-to-volume ratio of the mode, indicating an interfacial damping effect (similar to spin pumping) due to the transfer of angular momentum from the confined mode to the spin sink of ferromagnetic material in the surrounding film. Though unexpected for insulating systems, the measured intralayer spin-mixing conductance $g_{\uparrow \downarrow} = 5.3 \times 10^{19} {\rm m}^{-2}$ demonstrates efficient intralayer angular momentum transfer.
1405.4203v2
2014-06-03
Persistently damped transport on a network of circles
In this paper we address the exponential stability of a system of transport equations with intermittent damping on a network of $N \geq 2$ circles intersecting at a single point $O$. The $N$ equations are coupled through a linear mixing of their values at $O$, described by a matrix $M$. The activity of the intermittent damping is determined by persistently exciting signals, all belonging to a fixed class. The main result is that, under suitable hypotheses on $M$ and on the rationality of the ratios between the lengths of the circles, such a system is exponentially stable, uniformly with respect to the persistently exciting signals. The proof relies on an explicit formula for the solutions of this system, which allows one to track down the effects of the intermittent damping.
1406.0731v4
2014-06-06
Damping of quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity
We present a general theory for calculating the damping rate of elementary density wave excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate strongly coupled to a single radiation field mode of an optical cavity. Thereby we give a detailed derivation of the huge resonant enhancement in the Beliaev damping of a density wave mode, predicted recently by K\'onya et al., Phys.~Rev.~A 89, 051601(R) (2014). The given density-wave mode constitutes the polariton-like soft mode of the self-organization phase transition. The resonant enhancement takes place, both in the normal and ordered phases, outside the critical region. We show that the large damping rate is accompanied by a significant frequency shift of this polariton mode. Going beyond the Born-Markov approximation and determining the poles of the retarded Green's function of the polariton, we reveal a strong coupling between the polariton and a collective mode in the phonon bath formed by the other density wave modes.
1406.1669v1
2014-08-18
Kirchhoff equations with strong damping
We consider Kirchhoff equations with strong damping, namely with a friction term which depends on a power of the "elastic" operator. We address local and global existence of solutions in two different regimes depending on the exponent in the friction term. When the exponent is greater than 1/2, the dissipation prevails, and we obtain global existence in the energy space assuming only degenerate hyperbolicity and continuity of the nonlinear term. When the exponent is less than 1/2, we assume strict hyperbolicity and we consider a phase space depending on the continuity modulus of the nonlinear term and on the exponent in the damping. In this phase space we prove local existence, and global existence if initial data are small enough. The regularity we assume both on initial data and on the nonlinear term is weaker than in the classical results for Kirchhoff equations with standard damping. Proofs exploit some recent sharp results for the linearized equation and suitably defined interpolation spaces.
1408.3908v1
2014-08-28
A convergent method for linear half-space kinetic equations
We give a unified proof for the well-posedness of a class of linear half-space equations with general incoming data and construct a Galerkin method to numerically resolve this type of equations in a systematic way. Our main strategy in both analysis and numerics includes three steps: adding damping terms to the original half-space equation, using an inf-sup argument and even-odd decomposition to establish the well-posedness of the damped equation, and then recovering solutions to the original half-space equation. The proposed numerical methods for the damped equation is shown to be quasi-optimal and the numerical error of approximations to the original equation is controlled by that of the damped equation. This efficient solution to the half-space problem is useful for kinetic-fluid coupling simulations.
1408.6630v4
2014-09-02
Damping effects in hole-doped graphene: the relaxation-time approximation
The dynamical conductivity of interacting multiband electronic systems derived in Ref.[1] is shown to be consistent with the general form of the Ward identity. Using the semiphenomenological form of this conductivity formula, we have demonstrated that the relaxation-time approximation can be used to describe the damping effects in weakly interacting multiband systems only if local charge conservation in the system and gauge invariance of the response theory are properly treated. Such a gauge-invariant response theory is illustrated on the common tight-binding model for conduction electrons in hole-doped graphene. The model predicts two distinctly resolved maxima in the energy-loss-function spectra. The first one corresponds to the intraband plasmons (usually called the Dirac plasmons). On the other hand, the second maximum ($\pi$ plasmon structure) is simply a consequence of the van Hove singularity in the single-electron density of states. The dc resistivity and the real part of the dynamical conductivity are found to be well described by the relaxation-time approximation, but only in the parametric space in which the damping is dominated by the direct scattering processes. The ballistic transport and the damping of Dirac plasmons are thus the questions that require abandoning the relaxation-time approximation.
1409.0621v1
2014-10-13
Relaxation damping in oscillating contacts
If a contact of two purely elastic bodies with no sliding (infinite coefficient of friction) is subjected to superimposed oscillations in the normal and tangential directions, then a specific damping appears, that is not dependent on friction or dissipation in the material. We call this effect "relaxation damping". The rate of energy dissipation due to relaxation damping is calculated in a closed analytic form for arbitrary axially-symmetric contacts. In the case of equal frequency of normal and tangential oscillations, the dissipated energy per cycle is proportional to the square of the amplitude of tangential oscillation and to the absolute value of the amplitude of normal oscillation, and is dependent on the phase shift between both oscillations. In the case of low frequency tangential motion with superimposed high frequency normal oscillations, the system acts as a tunable linear damper. Generalization of the results for macroscopically planar, randomly rough surfaces is discussed.
1410.3238v1
2014-11-13
Maximal correlation between flavor entanglement and oscillation damping due to localization effects
Localization effects and quantum decoherence driven by the mass-eigenstate wave packet propagation are shown to support a statistical correlation between quantum entanglement and damped oscillations in the scenario of three-flavor quantum mixing for neutrinos. Once the mass-eigenstates that support flavor oscillations are identified as three-{\em qubit} modes, a decoherence scale can be extracted from correlation quantifiers, namely the entanglement of formation and the logarithmic negativity. Such a decoherence scale is compared with the coherence length of damped oscillations. Damping signatures exhibited by flavor transition probabilities as an effective averaging of the oscillating terms are then explained as owing to loss of entanglement between mass modes involved in the relativistic propagation.
1411.3634v1
2015-01-20
Damping of long wavelength collective modes in spinor Bose-Fermi mixtures
Using an effective field theory we describe the low energy bosonic excitations in a three dimensional ultra-cold mixture of spin-1 bosons and spin-1/2 fermions. We establish an interesting fermionic excitation induced generic damping of the usual undamped long wavelength bosonic collective Goldstone modes. Two states with bosons forming either a ferromagnetic or polar superfluid are studied. The linear dispersion of the bosonic Bogoliubov excitations is preserved with a renormalized sound velocity. For the polar superfluid we find both gapless modes (density and spin) are damped, whereas in the ferromagnetic superfluid we find the density (spin) mode is (not) damped. We argue quite generally that this holds for any mixture of bosons and fermions that are coupled through at least a density-density interaction. We discuss the implications of our many-body interaction results for experiments on Bose-Fermi mixtures.
1501.05015v2
2015-01-27
Non-linear fluctuation effects in dynamics of freely suspended film
Long-scale dynamic fluctuation phenomena in freely suspended films is analyzed. We consider isotropic films that, say, can be pulled from bulk smectic A liquid crystals. The key feature of such objects is possibility of bending deformations of the film. The bending (also known as flexular) mode turns out to be anomalously weakly attenuated. In the harmonic approximation there is no viscous-like damping of the bending mode, proportional to q^2 (q is the wave vector of the mode), since it is forbidden by the rotational symmetry. Therefore the bending mode is strongly affected by non-linear dynamic fluctuation effects. We calculate the dominant fluctuation contributions to the damping of the bending mode due to its coupling to the in-plane viscous mode, that restores the viscous-like q^2 damping of the bending mode. Our calculations are performed in the framework of the perturbation theory where the coupling of the modes is assumed to be small, then the bending mode damping is relatively weak. We discuss our results in the context of existing experiments and numeric simulations of the freely suspended films and propose possible experimental observations of our predictions.
1501.06703v1
2015-07-21
Onboard Calibration Circuit for the Front-end Electronics of DAMPE BGO Calorimeter
An onboard calibration circuit has been designed for the front-end electronics (FEE) of DAMPE BGO Calorimeter. It is mainly composed of a 12 bit DAC, an operation amplifier and an analog switch. Test results showed that a dynamic range of 0 ~ 30 pC with a precision of 5 fC was achieved, which meets the requirements of the front-end electronics. Furthermore, it is used to test the trigger function of the FEEs. The calibration circuit has been implemented and verified by all the environmental tests for both Qualification Model and Flight Model of DAMPE. The DAMPE satellite will be launched at the end of 2015 and the calibration circuit will perform onboard calibration in space.
1507.05862v1
2015-07-30
Reservoir interactions during Bose-Einstein condensation: modified critical scaling in the Kibble-Zurek mechanism of defect formation
As a test of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) of defect formation, we simulate the Bose-Einstein condensation transition in a toroidally confined Bose gas using the stochastic projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation (SPGPE), with and without the energy-damping reservoir interaction. Energy-damping alters the scaling of the winding number distribution with the quench time - a departure from the universal KZM theory that relies on equilibrium critical exponents. Numerical values are obtained for the correlation-length critical exponent $\nu$ and the dynamical critical exponent $z$ for each variant of reservoir interaction theory. The energy-damping reservoir interactions cause significant modification of the dynamical critical exponent of the phase transition, whilst preserving the essential KZM critical scaling behavior. Comparison of numerical and analytical two-point correlation functions further illustrates the effect of energy damping on the correlation length during freeze out.
1507.08357v1
2015-08-23
Melnikov chaos in a modified Rayleigh-Duffing oscillator with $ φ^6$ potential
The chaotic behavior of the modified Rayleigh-Duffing oscillator with $ \phi^6$ potential and external excitation which modeles ship rolling motions are investigated both analytically and numerically. Melnikov method is applied and the conditions for the existence of homoclinic and heteroclinic chaos are obtained. The effects of nonlinear damping on roll motion of ships are analyzed in detail. As it is known, nonlinear roll damping is a very important parameter in estimating ship reponses. The predictions are tested numerical simulations based on the basin of attraction. We conclude that certains quadratic damping effects are contrary to cubic damping effect.
1508.05664v1
2015-09-23
Quantum Error-Correcting Codes for Qudit Amplitude Damping
Traditional quantum error-correcting codes are designed for the depolarizing channel modeled by generalized Pauli errors occurring with equal probability. Amplitude damping channels model, in general, the decay process of a multilevel atom or energy dissipation of a bosonic system at zero temperature. We discuss quantum error-correcting codes adapted to amplitude damping channels for higher dimensional systems (qudits). For multi-level atoms, we consider a natural kind of decay process, and for bosonic systems,we consider the qudit amplitude damping channel obtained by truncating the Fock basis of the bosonic modes to a certain maximum occupation number. We construct families of single-error-correcting quantum codes that can be used for both cases. Our codes have larger code dimensions than the previously known single-error-correcting codes of the same lengths. Additionally, we present families of multi-error correcting codes for these two channels, as well as generalizations of our construction technique to error-correcting codes for the qutrit $V$ and $\Lambda$ channels.
1509.06829v1
2015-10-09
Determining form and data assimilation algorithm for weakly damped and driven Korteweg-de Vries equaton- Fourier modes case
We show that the global attractor of a weakly damped and driven Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV) is embedded in the long-time dynamics of an ordinary differential equation called a determining form. In particular, there is a one-to-one identification of the trajectories in the global attractor of the damped and driven KdV and the steady state solutions of the determining form. Moreover, we analyze a data assimilation algorithm (down-scaling) for the weakly damped and driven KdV. We show that given a certain number of low Fourier modes of a reference solution of the KdV equation, the algorithm recovers the full reference solution at an exponential rate in time.
1510.02730v1
2015-10-27
Remarks on 1-D Euler Equations with Time-Decayed Damping
We study the 1-d isentropic Euler equations with time-decayed damping \begin{equation} \left\{ \begin{aligned} &\partial_t \rho+\partial_x(\rho u)=0, \\ &\partial_t(\rho u)+ \partial_x(\rho u^2)+\partial_xp(\rho)=-\frac{\mu}{1+t}\rho u,\\ &\rho|_{t=0}=1+\varepsilon\rho_0(x),u|_{t=0}=\varepsilon u_0(x). \end{aligned} \right. \nonumber \end{equation} This work is inspired by a recent work of F. Hou, I. Witt and H.C. Yin \cite{Hou01}. In \cite{Hou01}, they proved a global existence and blow-up result of 3-d irrotational Euler flow with time-dependent damping. In the 1-d case, we will prove a different result when the damping decays of order $-1$ with respect to the time $t$. More precisely, when $\mu>2$, we prove the global existence of the 1-d Euler system. While when $0\leq\mu\leq2 $, we will prove the blow up of $C^1$ solutions.
1510.08115v1
2016-01-04
Generalized Bloch's theorem for viscous metamaterials: Dispersion and effective properties based on frequencies and wavenumbers that are simultaneously complex
It is common for dispersion curves of damped periodic materials to be based on real frequencies versus complex wavenumbers or, conversely, real wavenumbers versus complex frequencies. The former condition corresponds to harmonic wave motion where a driving frequency is prescribed and where attenuation due to dissipation takes place only in space alongside spatial attenuation due to Bragg scattering. The latter condition, on the other hand, relates to free wave motion admitting attenuation due to energy loss only in time while spatial attenuation due to Bragg scattering also takes place. Here, we develop an algorithm for 1D systems that provides dispersion curves for damped free wave motion based on frequencies and wavenumbers that are permitted to be simultaneously complex. This represents a generalized application of Bloch's theorem and produces a dispersion band structure that fully describes all attenuation mechanisms, in space and in time. The algorithm is applied to a viscously damped mass-in-mass metamaterial exhibiting local resonance. A frequency-dependent effective mass for this damped infinite chain is also obtained.
1601.00683v1
2016-02-05
Protecting entanglement from correlated amplitude damping channel using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal
Based on the quantum technique of weak measurement, we propose a scheme to protect the entanglement from correlated amplitude damping decoherence. In contrast to the results of memoryless amplitude damping channel, we show that the memory effects play a significant role in the suppression of entanglement sudden death and protection of entanglement under severe decoherence. Moreover, we find that the initial entanglement could be drastically amplified by the combination of weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal even under the correlated amplitude damping channel. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the probabilistic nature of weak measurements.
1602.01998v1
2016-04-29
Nonlinear Landau damping of wave envelopes in a quantum plasma
The nonlinear theory of Landau damping of electrostatic wave envelopes (WEs) is revisited in a quantum electron-positron (EP) pair plasma. Starting from a Wigner-Moyal equation coupled to the Poisson equation and applying the multiple scale technique, we derive a nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger (NLS) equation which governs the evolution of electrostatic WEs. It is shown that the coefficients of the NLS equation, including the nonlocal nonlinear term, which appears due to the resonant particles having group velocity of the WEs, are significantly modified by the particle dispersion. The effects of the quantum parameter $H$ (the ratio of the plasmon energy to the thermal energy densities), associated with the particle dispersion, are examined on the Landau damping rate of carrier waves, as well as on the modulational instability of WEs. It is found that the Landau damping rate and the decay rate of the solitary wave amplitude are greatly reduced compared to their classical values $(H=0)$.
1604.08751v4
2016-05-02
Three types of nonlinear resonances
We analyse different types of nonlinear resonances in a weakly damped Duffing oscillator using bifurcation theory techniques. In addition to (i) odd subharmonic resonances found on the primary branch of symmetric periodic solutions with the forcing frequency and (ii) even subharmonic resonances due to symmetry-broken periodic solutions that bifurcate off the primary branch and also oscillate at the forcing frequency, we uncover (iii) novel resonance type due to isolas of periodic solutions that are not connected to the primary branch. These occur between odd and even resonances, oscillate at a fraction of the forcing frequency, and give rise to a complicated resonance `curve' with disconnected elements and high degree of multistability. We use bifurcation continuation to compute resonance tongues in the plane of the forcing frequency vs. the forcing amplitude for different but fixed values of the damping rate. In this way, we demonstrate that identified here isolated resonances explain the intriguing structure of "patchy tongues" observed for week damping and link it to a seemingly unrelated phenomenon of "bifurcation superstructure" described for moderate damping.
1605.00858v2
2016-07-21
The Noisy Oscillator : Random Mass and Random Damping
The problem of a linear damped noisy oscillator is treated in the presence of two multiplicative sources of noise which imply a random mass and random damping. The additive noise and the noise in the damping are responsible for an influx of energy to the oscillator and its dissipation to the surrounding environment. A random mass implies that the surrounding molecules not only collide with the oscillator but may also adhere to it, thereby changing its mass. We present general formulas for the first two moments and address the question of mean and energetic stabilities. The phenomenon of stochastic resonance, i.e. the expansion due to the noise of a system response to an external periodic signal, is considered for separate and joint action of two sources of noise and their characteristics.
1607.06289v2
2016-09-06
JRSP of three-particle state via three tripartite GHZ class in quantum noisy channels
We present a scheme for joint remote state preparation (JRSP) of three-particle state via three tripartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled states as the quantum channel linking the parties. We use eight-qubit mutually orthogonal basis vector as measurement point of departure. The likelihood of success for this scheme has been found to be $1/8$. However, by putting some special cases into consideration, the chances can be ameliorated to $1/4$ and $1$. The effects of amplitude-damping noise, phase-damping noise and depolarizing noise on this scheme have been scrutinized and the analytical derivations of fidelities for the quantum noisy channels have been presented. We found that for $0.55\leq\eta\leq1$, the states conveyed through depolarizing channel lose more information than phase-damping channel while the information loss through amplitude damping channel is most minimal.
1609.01538v3
2016-09-22
Damping of nonlinear standing kink oscillations: a numerical study
We aim to study the standing fundamental kink mode of coronal loops in the nonlinear regime, investigating the changes in energy evolution in the cross-section and oscillation amplitude of the loop which are related to nonlinear effects, in particular to the development of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI). We run idea, high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations, studying the influence of the initial velocity amplitude and the inhomogeneous layer thickness. We model the coronal loop as a straight, homogeneous magnetic flux tube with an outer inhomogeneous layer, embedded in a straight, homogeneous magnetic field. We find that, for low amplitudes which do not allow for the KHI to develop during the simulated time, the damping time agrees with the theory of resonant absorption. However, for higher amplitudes, the presence of KHI around the oscillating loop can alter the loop's evolution, resulting in a significantly faster damping than predicted by the linear theory in some cases. This questions the accuracy of seismological methods applied to observed damping profiles, based on linear theory.
1609.06883v1
2016-09-28
Nonlinear damping and dephasing in nanomechanical systems
We present a microscopic theory of nonlinear damping and dephasing of low-frequency eigenmodes in nano- and micro-mechanical systems. The mechanism of the both effects is scattering of thermally excited vibrational modes off the considered eigenmode. The scattering is accompanied by energy transfer of $2\hbar\omega_0$ for nonlinear damping and is quasieleastic for dephasing. We develop a formalism that allows studying both spatially uniform systems and systems with a strong nonuniformity, which is smooth on the typical wavelength of thermal modes but not their mean free path. The formalism accounts for the decay of thermal modes, which plays a major role in the nonlinear damping and dephasing. We identify the nonlinear analogs of the Landau-Rumer, thermoelastic, and Akhiezer mechanisms and find the dependence of the relaxation parameters on the temperature and the geometry of a system.
1609.08714v1
2016-09-24
Parametric Landau damping of space charge modes
Landau damping is the mechanism of plasma and beam stabilization; it arises through energy transfer from collective modes to the incoherent motion of resonant particles. Normally this resonance requires the resonant particle's frequency to match the collective mode frequency. We have identified an important new damping mechanism, {\it parametric Landau damping}, which is driven by the modulation of the mode-particle interaction. This reveals new possibilities for stability control through manipulation of both particle and mode-particle coupling spectra. We demonstrate the existence of parametric Landau damping in a simulation of transverse coherent modes of bunched accelerator beams with space charge.
1609.09393v3
2017-01-08
Decentralized Robust Control for Damping Inter-area Oscillations in Power Systems
As power systems become more and more interconnected, the inter-area oscillations has become a serious factor limiting large power transfer among different areas. Underdamped (Undamped) inter-area oscillations may cause system breakup and even lead to large-scale blackout. Traditional damping controllers include Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controller, which adds additional damping to the inter-area oscillation modes by affecting the real power in an indirect manner. However, the effectiveness of these controllers is restricted to the neighborhood of a prescribed set of operating conditions. In this paper, decentralized robust controllers are developed to improve the damping ratios of the inter-area oscillation modes by directly affecting the real power through the turbine governing system. The proposed control strategy requires only local signals and is robust to the variations in operation condition and system topology. The effectiveness of the proposed robust controllers is illustrated by detailed case studies on two different test systems.
1701.02036v1
2017-01-18
Ion beam test results of the Plastic Scintillator Detector of DAMPE
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is one of the four satellites within Strategic Pioneer Research Program in Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS). DAMPE can detect electrons, photons and ions in a wide energy range (5 GeV to 10 TeV) and ions up to iron (100GeV to 100 TeV). Plastic Scintillator Detector (PSD) is one of the four payloads in DAMPE, providing e/{\gamma} separation and charge identification up to Iron. An ion beam test was carried out for the Qualification Model of PSD in CERN with 40GeV/u Argon primary beams. The Birk's saturation and charge resolution of PSD were investigated.
1701.04947v2
2017-01-18
DAMPE space mission: first data
The DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) satellite was launched on December 17, 2015 and started its data taking operation a few days later. DAMPE has a large geometric factor ($\sim~0.3\ m^2\ sr$) and provides good tracking, calorimetric and charge measurements for electrons, gammas rays and nuclei. This will allow precise measurement of cosmic ray spectra from tens of $GeV$ up to about $100\ TeV$. In particular, the energy region between $1-100\ TeV$ will be explored with higher precision compared to previous experiments. The various subdetectors allow an efficient identification of the electron signal over the large (mainly proton-induced) background. As a result, the all-electron spectrum will be measured with excellent resolution from few $GeV$ up to few $TeV$, thus giving the opportunity to identify possible contribution of nearby sources. A report on the mission goals and status is presented, together with the on-orbit detector performance and the first data coming from space.
1701.05046v1
2017-01-25
Control Allocation for Wide Area Coordinated Damping
In this work, a modal-based sparse control allocation (CA) is proposed for coordinated and fault-tolerant wide-area damping controllers (WADCs). In our proposed method, the supervisory CA only communicates with necessary actuators to achieve the required damping performance and in case of actuator failures (e.g., due to loss of communication or scheduling), capabilities of the remaining actuators are fully used before the nominal performance is degraded. This method offers the advantages of modular design where WADC is initially designed to achieve satisfactory damping without the detailed knowledge of actuators. In the next step, CA is designed to manage actuator failures and limitations without the need to redesign the nominal WADC. The proposed approach is applied to a modified $286$-bus Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system to verify the feasibility on a complex power system. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method in coordinating multiple actuators and building resiliency.
1701.07456v1
2017-04-30
Comparison of dynamic mechanical properties of non-superheated and superheated A357 alloys
The influence of superheat treatment on the microstructure and dynamic mechanical properties of A357 alloys has been investigated. The study of microstructure was performed by the optical microscope. Dynamic mechanical properties (storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping capacity) were measured by the dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Microstructure showed coarser and angular eutectic Si particles with larger {\alpha}-Al dendrites in the non-superheated A357 alloy. In contrast, finer and rounded eutectic Si particles together with smaller and preferred oriented {\alpha}-Al dendrites have been observed in the superheated A357 alloy. Dynamic mechanical properties showed an increasing trend of loss modulus and damping capacity meanwhile a decreasing trend of storage modulus at elevated temperatures for superheated and non-superheated A357 alloys. The high damping capacity of superheated A357 has been ascribed to the grain boundary damping at elevated temperatures.
1705.00350v1
2017-05-19
Improving two - qubit state teleportation affected by amplitude damping noise based on choosing appropriate quantum channel
We consider two qubit teleportation via quantum channel affected by amplitude damping noise. Addressing the same problem, X. Hu, Y. Gu, Q. Gong and G. Guo [Phys. Rev. A 81, 054302, (2010)] recently showed that in presence of noise, subjecting more qubits in quantum channel to amplitude damping can increase the fidelity of teleportation protocol. However, in this paper, by making some adjustments on quantum channel, we obtain teleportation fidelity which is even higher than one in the case of X. Hu et al. Moreover, our strategy is simpler than quantum distillation and compared to using weak measurement, it is deterministic. Furthermore, explicit analysis of fidelity is provided, we show that in general, choosing appropriate quantum channel enhances the ability of teleportation better and negates the fact that more amplitude damping noise more quality.
1705.07064v2
2017-05-27
Charge reconstruction study of the DAMPE Silicon-Tungsten Tracker with ion beams
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is one of the four satellites within Strategic Pioneer Research Program in Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS). DAMPE can detect electrons, photons in a wide energy range (5 GeV to 10 TeV) and ions up to iron (100GeV to 100 TeV). Silicon-Tungsten Tracker (STK) is one of the four subdetectors in DAMPE, providing photon-electron conversion, track reconstruction and charge identification for ions. Ion beam test was carried out in CERN with 60GeV/u Lead primary beams. Charge reconstruction and charge resolution of STK detectors were investigated.
1705.09791v1
2017-08-05
Dynamic Sensitivity Study of MEMS Capacitive Acceleration Transducer Based on Analytical Squeeze Film Damping and Mechanical Thermoelasticity Approaches
The dynamic behavior of a capacitive micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) accelerometer is evaluated by using a theoretical approach which makes use of a squeeze film damping (SFD) model and ideal gas approach. The study investigates the performance of the device as a function of the temperature, from 228 K to 398 K, and pressure, from 20 to 1000 Pa, observing the damping gas trapped inside de mechanical transducer. Thermoelastic properties of the silicon bulk are considered for the entire range of temperature. The damping gases considered are Air, Helium and Argon. The global behavior of the system is evaluated considering the electro-mechanical sensitivity (SEM) as the main figure of merit in frequency domain. The results show the behavior of the main mechanism losses of SFD, as well as the dynamic sensitivity of the MEMS transducer system, and are in good agreement with experimental dynamic results behavior.
1708.01812v1
2017-10-09
Time-dependent propagation speed vs strong damping for degenerate linear hyperbolic equations
We consider a degenerate abstract wave equation with a time-dependent propagation speed. We investigate the influence of a strong dissipation, namely a friction term that depends on a power of the elastic operator. We discover a threshold effect. If the propagation speed is regular enough, then the damping prevails, and therefore the initial value problem is well-posed in Sobolev spaces. Solutions also exhibit a regularizing effect analogous to parabolic problems. As expected, the stronger is the damping, the lower is the required regularity. On the contrary, if the propagation speed is not regular enough, there are examples where the damping is ineffective, and the dissipative equation behaves as the non-dissipative one.
1710.03602v1
2017-10-17
Entropic uncertainty relation under quantum channels with memory
Recently, Xu et al. [Phys. Rev. A 86, 012113(2012)] explored the behavior of the entropic uncertainty relation under the influence of local unital and nonunital noisy channels for a class of Bell-diagonal states. We here reform their results and investigate the entropic uncertainty relation under the influence of unital and nonunital noisy channels with memory. Different types of noisy channels with memory, such as amplitude damping channel(nonunitary), phase-damping and depolarizing channels(unitary) have been taken into account. Some analytical or numerical results are presented. The effect of channels with memory on dynamics of the entropic uncertainties (or their lower bounds) has been discussed in detail. Compare with previous results, our results show that, the entropic uncertainties (or their lower bounds) subjecting to amplitude damping channel with memory will be reduced at first and then be lifted with the memory coefficient of channel $\mu$ increasing, however they will be only reduced under phase-damping and depolarizing channels with memory. Especially, in the limit of $\mu\rightarrow1$, the entropic uncertainties (or their lower bounds) could be well protected and immune to decoherence of channle. Moreover, the mechanism behind these phenomena are also explored by using the purity of state.
1710.06344v1
2017-10-31
Improving mechanical sensor performance through larger damping
Mechanical resonances are used in a wide variety of devices; from smart phone accelerometers to computer clocks and from wireless communication filters to atomic force microscope sensors. Frequency stability, a critical performance metric, is generally assumed to be tantamount to resonance quality factor (the inverse of the linewidth and of the damping). Here we show that frequency stability of resonant nanomechanical sensors can generally be made independent of quality factor. At high bandwidths, we show that quality factor reduction is completely mitigated by increases in signal to noise ratio. At low bandwidths, strikingly, increased damping leads to better stability and sensor resolution, with improvement proportional to damping. We confirm the findings by demonstrating temperature resolution of 50 \mu K at 200 Hz bandwidth. These results open the door for high performance ultrasensitive resonant sensors in gaseous or liquid environments, single cell nanocalorimetry, nanoscale gas chromatography, and atmospheric pressure nanoscale mass spectrometry.
1710.11280v1
2017-11-30
The electron-flavored Z'-portal dark matter and the DAMPE cosmic ray excess
The DAMPE experiment has recently reported strong indications for the existence of an excess of high-energy electrons and positrons. If interpreted in terms of the annihilation of dark matter, the DAMPE result restricts the dark matter mass and possible annihilation channels to a few case. In this paper we explain the DAMPE result with the electron-flavored $Z^\prime$-portal fermionic dark matter. We show that the Dirac dark matter scenario is promising to explain the excess via the process $\bar \chi \chi \to\mathbf{Z}'\to \bar e e$. The reduced annihilation cross section is limited in a range of $10^{-26}\sim 10^{-24}~{\rm cm^3 s^{-1}}$ to interpret the excess.
1711.11182v2
2018-04-15
Reevaluation of radiation reaction and consequences for light-matter interactions at the nanoscale
In the context of electromagnetism and nonlinear optical interactions damping is generally introduced as a phenomenological, viscous term that dissipates energy, proportional to the temporal derivative of the polarization. Here, we follow the radiation reaction method presented in [G. W. Ford and R. F. O'Connell, Phys. Lett. A, 157, 217 (1991)], which applies to non-relativistic electrons of finite size, to introduce an explicit reaction force in the Newtonian equation of motion, and derive a hydrodynamic equation that offers new insight on the influence of damping in generic plasmas, metal-based and/or dielectric structures. In these settings, we find new damping-dependent linear and nonlinear source terms that suggest the damping coefficient is proportional to the local charge density, and nonlocal contributions that stem from the spatial derivative of the magnetic field and discuss the conditions that could modify both linear and nonlinear electromagnetic responses.
1804.05369v1
2018-04-30
Wave-like blow-up for semilinear wave equations with scattering damping and negative mass term
In this paper we establish blow-up results and lifespan estimates for semilinear wave equations with scattering damping and negative mass term for subcritical power, which is the same as that of the corresponding problem without mass term, and also the same as that of the corresponding problem without both damping and mass term. For this purpose, we have to use the comparison argument twice, due to the damping and mass term, in additional to a key multiplier. Finally, we get the desired results by an iteration argument.
1804.11073v3
2018-06-01
Fluctuation-damping of isolated, oscillating Bose-Einstein condensates
Experiments on the nonequilibrium dynamics of an isolated Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a magnetic double-well trap exhibit a puzzling divergence: While some show dissipation-free Josephson oscillations, others find strong damping. Such damping in isolated BECs cannot be understood on the level of the coherent Gross-Pitaevskii dynamics. Using the Keldysh functional-integral formalism, we describe the time-dependent system dynamics by means of a multi-mode BEC coupled to fluctuations (single-particle excitations) beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii saddle point. We find that the Josephson oscillations excite an excess of fluctuations when the effective Josephson frequency, $\tilde{\omega}_J$, is in resonance with the effective fluctuation energy, $\tilde{\varepsilon}_m$, where both, $\tilde{\omega}_J$ and $\tilde{\varepsilon}_m$, are strongly renormalized with respect to their noninteracting values. Evaluating and using the model parameters for the respective experiments describes quantitatively the presence or absence of damping.
1806.00376v2
2018-06-05
Decoherence assisted spin squeezing generation in superposition of tripartite GHZ and W states
In the present paper, we study spin squeezing under decoherence in the superposition of tripartite maximally entangled GHZ and W states. Here we use amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarisation channel. We have investigated the dynamics of spin squeezing with the interplay of superposition and decoherence parameters with different directions of the mean spin vector. We have found the mixture of GHZ and W states is robust against spin squeezing generation for amplitude damping and phase damping channels for certain directions of the mean spin vector. However, the depolarisation channel performs well for spin squeezing generation and generates permanent spin squeezing in the superposition of GHZ and W states.
1806.01730v1
2018-07-31
Dark Matter Particle Explorer observations of high-energy cosmic ray electrons plus positrons and their physical implications
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne, high-energy particle and $\gamma$-ray detector, which is dedicated to indirectly detecting particle dark matter and studying high-energy astrophysics. The first results about precise measurement of the cosmic ray electron plus positron spectrum between 25 GeV and 4.6 TeV were published recently. The DAMPE spectrum reveals an interesting spectral softening around $0.9$ TeV and a tentative peak around $1.4$ TeV. These results have inspired extensive discussion. The detector of DAMPE, the data analysis, and the first results are introduced. In particular, the physical interpretations of the DAMPE data are reviewed.
1807.11638v1