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2006-05-19
Energy Loss of Heavy Quarks from Asymptotically AdS Geometries
We investigate some universal features of AdS/CFT models of heavy quark energy loss. In addition, as a specific example, we examine quark damping in the spinning D3-brane solution dual to N=4 SU(N_c) super Yang-Mills at finite temperature and R-charge chemical potential.
0605191v2
2003-12-19
Energy Decay of Damped Systems
We present a new and simple bound for the exponential decay of second order systems using the spectral shift. This result is applied to finite matrices as well as to partial differential equations of Mathematical Physics. The type of the generated semigroup is shown to be bounded by the upper real part of the numerical range of the underlying quadratic operator pencil.
0312376v1
2004-04-06
Bounds for contractive semigroups and second order systems
We derive a uniform bound for the difference of two contractive semigroups, if the difference of their generators is form-bounded by the Hermitian parts of the generators themselves. We construct a semigroup dynamics for second order systems with fairly general operator coefficients and apply our bound to the perturbation of the damping term. The result is illustrated on a dissipative wave equation. As a consequence the exponential decay of some second order systems is proved.
0404120v1
2006-12-07
Fractional Hamiltonian analysis of higher order derivatives systems
The fractional Hamiltonian analysis of 1+1 dimensional field theory is investigated and the fractional Ostrogradski's formulation is obtained. The fractional path integral of both simple harmonic oscillator with an acceleration-squares part and a damped oscillator are analyzed. The classical results are obtained when fractional derivatives are replaced with the integer order derivatives.
0612024v1
2000-02-23
Two-frequency forced Faraday waves: Weakly damped modes and pattern selection
Recent experiments (Kudrolli, Pier and Gollub, 1998) on two-frequency parametrically excited surface waves exhibit an intriguing "superlattice" wave pattern near a codimension-two bifurcation point where both subharmonic and harmonic waves onset simultaneously, but with different spatial wavenumbers. The superlattice pattern is synchronous with the forcing, spatially periodic on a large hexagonal lattice, and exhibits small-scale triangular structure. Similar patterns have been shown to exist as primary solution branches of a generic 12-dimensional $D_6\dot{+}T^2$-equivariant bifurcation problem, and may be stable if the nonlinear coefficients of the bifurcation problem satisfy certain inequalities (Silber and Proctor, 1998). Here we use the spatial and temporal symmetries of the problem to argue that weakly damped harmonic waves may be critical to understanding the stabilization of this pattern in the Faraday system. We illustrate this mechanism by considering the equations developed by Zhang and Vinals (1997, J. Fluid Mech. 336) for small amplitude, weakly damped surface waves on a semi-infinite fluid layer. We compute the relevant nonlinear coefficients in the bifurcation equations describing the onset of patterns for excitation frequency ratios of 2/3 and 6/7. For the 2/3 case, we show that there is a fundamental difference in the pattern selection problems for subharmonic and harmonic instabilities near the codimension-two point. Also, we find that the 6/7 case is significantly different from the 2/3 case due to the presence of additional weakly damped harmonic modes. These additional harmonic modes can result in a stabilization of the superpatterns.
0002041v2
2000-05-18
Environment-induced dynamical chaos
We examine the interplay of nonlinearity of a dynamical system and thermal fluctuation of its environment in the ``physical limit'' of small damping and slow diffusion in a semiclassical context and show that the trajectories of c-number variables exhibit dynamical chaos due to the thermal fluctuations of the bath.
0005037v1
2003-02-12
On Whitham theory for perturbed integrable equations
Whitham theory of modulations is developed for periodic waves described by nonlinear wave equations integrable by the inverse scattering transform method associated with $2\times2$ matrix or second order scalar spectral problems. The theory is illustrated by derivation of the Whitham equations for perturbed Korteweg-de Vries equation and nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with linear damping.
0302027v1
2003-02-24
Reverse Integration for Computing Stationary Points of Unstable Stiff Systems
Using existing, forward-in-time integration schemes, we demonstrate that it is possible to compute unstable, saddle-type fixed points of stiff systems of ODEs when the stable compenents are fast (i.e., rapidly damped) while the unstable components are slow. The approach has implications for the reverse (backward in time) integration of such stiff systems, and for the coarse reverse integration of microscopic/stochastic simulations.
0302055v1
2003-09-02
Breather lattice and its stabilization for the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation
We obtain an exact solution for the breather lattice solution of the modified Korteweg-de Vries (MKdV) equation. Numerical simulation of the breather lattice demonstrates its instability due to the breather-breather interaction. However, such multi-breather structures can be stabilized through the concurrent application of ac driving and viscous damping terms.
0309003v1
2003-12-19
Existence of travelling waves in discrete sine-Gordon rings
We prove existence results for travelling waves in discrete, damped, dc-driven sine-Gordon equations with periodic boundary conditions.
0312042v5
2006-12-05
Colliding Particles in Highly Turbulent Flows
We discuss relative velocities and the collision rate of small particles suspended in a highly turbulent fluid. In the limit where the viscous damping is very weak, we estimate the relative velocities using the Kolmogorov cascade principle.
0612008v2
1998-05-29
Magnetic Faraday-Instability
In a magnetic fluid parametrically driven surface waves can be excited by an external oscillating magnetic field. A static magnetic field changes the restoring forces and damping coefficients of the various surface waves. This property enables the excitation of both subharmonic and harmonic responses of the standing waves.
9806001v1
1999-06-08
Electromagnetic modes in cold magnetized strongly coupled plasmas
The spectrum of electromagnetic waves propagating in a strongly coupled magnetized fully ionized hydrogen plasma is found. The ion motion and damping being neglected, the influence of the Coulomb coupling on the electromagnetic spectrum is analyzed.
9906016v1
2000-08-12
The effects of the rotation in plasma
Electric and magnetic self-fields can exist in the rotating plasma. A self-sustained rotation can be established in the plasma. The disturbed distribution function of rotating plasma is derived from the Vlasov equation. The propagation of waves in rotating plasma differs from that in the usual plasma. New terms for Landau damping appear. The local rotational behaviour may become prevailing.
0008039v1
2000-12-11
An improved empirical equation for bunch lengthening in electron storage rings
In this paper we propose an improved empirical equation for the bunch lengthening in electron storage rings. The comparisons are made between the analytical and experimental results, and the agreements are quite well. This improved equation can be equally applied to the case where a storage ring is very resistive (such as the improved SLC damping rings) instead of inductive as usual.
0012020v2
2001-07-25
Causal Classical Theory of Radiation Damping
It is shown how initial conditions can be appropriately defined for the integration of Lorentz-Dirac equations of motion. The integration is performed \QTR{it}{forward} in time. The theory is applied to the case of the motion of an electron in an intense laser pulse, relevant to nonlinear Compton scattering.
0107062v1
2001-11-26
Methods of Laser Cooling of Electron Beams in Storage Rings
Methods of enhanced laser cooling of particle beams in storage rings and Robinson's damping criterion are discussed. The dynamics of amplitudes of betatron oscillations and instantaneous orbits of electrons interacting with laser beams being displaced in the radial direction is investigated.
0111184v2
2002-04-17
Soliton self-modulation of the turbulence amplitude and plasma rotation
The space-uniform amplitude envelope of the Ion Temperature Gradient driven turbulence is unstable to small perturbations and evolves to nonuniform, soliton-like modulated profiles. The induced poloidal asymmetry of the transport fluxes can generate spontaneous poloidal spin-up of the tokamak plasma.
0204050v2
2002-05-06
Delayed Equation for Charged Rigid Nonrelativistic Ball
Simple expression for self-force acting on radiating rigid charged ball is derived (Sommerfeld ball). It is shown that appropriate delayed equation of motion has solutions in general differ from that for Sommerfeld sphere - there are no "radiationless" solutions, but there are oscillating without damping solutions though self-force has nonzero value.
0205012v1
2003-12-10
Charge Fluctuation of Dust Grains and its Impact on Dusty Wave Propagation
In this paper we consider the influence of dust charge fluctuations on damping of the dust-ion-acoustic waves. Fluid approximation of longitudinal electrostatic waves in unmagnetized plasmas is considered. We show that for a weak acoustic wave the attenuation depends on a phenomenological charging coefficient.
0312067v1
2004-09-03
Relativistic electron beam acceleration by Compton scattering of lower-hybrid waves
It has been proved theoetically and numerically that the highly relativistic electron beam can be accelerated efficiently via the Compton scattering induced by nonlinear Landau and cyclotron damping of the lower-hybrid waves.
0409024v1
1998-02-16
Classical states via decoherence
The initial states which minimize the predictability loss for a damped harmonic oscillator are identified as quasi-free states with a symmetry dictated by the environment's diffusion coefficients. For an isotropic diffusion in phase space, coherent states (or mixtures of coherent states) are selected as the most stable ones.
9802044v1
2000-01-08
Quantum computation with mesoscopic superposition states
We present a strategy to engineer a simple cavity-QED two-bit universal quantum gate using mesoscopic distinct quantum superposition states. The dissipative effect on decoherence and amplitude damping of the quantum bits are analyzed and the critical parameters are presented.
0001018v1
2001-10-03
Thermal and quantum noise in active systems
We present a quantum network approach to the treatment of thermal and quantum fluctuations in measurement devices. The measurement is described as a scattering process of input fluctuations towards output ones. We present the results obtained with this method for the treatment of a cold damped capacitive accelerometer.
0110021v1
2001-11-24
Deformed versus undeformed cat states encoding qubit
We study the possibility of exploiting superpositions of coherent states to encode qubit. A comparison between the use of deformed and undeformed bosonic algebra is made in connection with the amplitude damping errors.
0111128v1
2002-11-05
Unitary reduction of the Liouville equation relative to a two-level atom coupled to a bimodal lossy cavity
The Liouville equation of a two-level atom coupled to a degenerate bimodal lossy cavity is unitarily and exactly reduced to two uncoupled Liouville equations. The first one describes a dissipative Jaynes-Cummings model and the other one a damped harmonic oscillator. Advantages related to the reduction method are discussed.
0211015v1
2003-11-10
Cavity Assisted Nondestructive Laser Cooling of Atomic Qubits
We analyze two configurations for laser cooling of neutral atoms whose internal states store qubits. The atoms are trapped in an optical lattice which is placed inside a cavity. We show that the coupling of the atoms to the damped cavity mode can provide a mechanism which leads to cooling of the motion without destroying the quantum information.
0311054v2
2003-11-19
Noise enhancing the classical information capacity of a quantum channel
We present a simple model of quantum communication where a noisy quantum channel may benefit from the addition of further noise at the decoding stage. We demonstrate enhancement of the classical information capacity of an amplitude damping channel, with a predetermined detection threshold, by the addition of noise in the decoding measurement.
0311126v1
2003-12-22
Observation of Exceptional Points in Electronic Circuits
Two damped coupled oscillators have been used to demonstrate the occurrence of exceptional points in a purely classical system. The implementation was achieved with electronic circuits in the kHz-range. The experimental results perfectly match the mathematical predictions at the exceptional point. A discussion about the universal occurrence of exceptional points -- connecting dissipation with spatial orientation -- concludes the paper.
0312182v1
2004-08-01
Remark on the additivity conjecture for the quantum depolarizing channel
We consider bistochastic quantum channels generated by unitary representations of the discret group. The proof of the additivity conjecture for the quantum depolarizing channel $\Phi$ based on the decreasing property of the relative entropy is given. We show that the additivity conjecture is true for the channel $\Xi =\Psi \circ \Phi $, where $\Psi $ is the phase damping.
0408004v2
2005-03-26
Markovian feedback to control continuous variable entanglement
We present a model to realize quantum feedback control of continuous variable entanglement. It consists of two interacting bosonic modes subject to amplitude damping and achieving entangled Gaussian steady state. The possibility to greatly improve the degree of entanglement by means of Markovian (direct) feedback is then shown.
0503206v2
2005-04-12
Generation of Werner states and preservation of entnglement in a noisy environment
We study the influence of noisy environment on the evolution of two-atomic system in the presence of collective damping. Generation of Werner states as asymptotic states of evolution is described. We also show that for some initial states the amount of entanglement is preserved during the evolution.
0504090v2
2005-04-25
Dissipative dynamics of nondegenerate two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model
A nondegenerate two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model is investigated where the leakage of photon through the cavity is taken into account. The effect of cavity damping on the mean photon number, atomic populations, field statistics and both field and atomic squeezing is considered on the basis of master equation in dressed-state approximation for initial coherent fields and excited atom.
0504184v1
2005-07-20
A minimal coupling method for dissipative quantum systems
Quantum dynamics of a general dissipative system investigated by its coupling to a Klein-Gordon type field as the environment by introducing a minimal coupling method. As an example, the quantum dynamics of a damped three dimensional harmonic oscillator investigated and some transition probabilities indicating the way energy flows between the subsystems obtained. The quantum dynamics of a dissipative two level system considered.
0507195v1
2007-02-09
Linear-optics manipulations of photon-loss codes
We discuss codes for protecting logical qubits carried by optical fields from the effects of amplitude damping, i.e. linear photon loss. We demonstrate that the correctability condition for one-photon loss imposes limitations on the range of manipulations than can be implemented with passive linear-optics networks.
0702091v1
2007-08-27
Band-Gap Engineering of Phononic Crystals: A Computational Survey of Two-Dimensional Systems
We present graphic results with high-levels of abstraction to desribe the basic principles and rules of thumb for acoustic or phononic band-gap engineering. We use these rules for developing an improved machien mount for damping acoustic vibrations, a phononic lens and a frequency selective filter in the acoustic regime.
0708.3669v1
2007-09-01
Comments on 'Controversy on a Dispersion Relation for MHD Waves' by Chandra and Kumthekar
We comment on the work by Chandra and Kumthekar (2007, henceforth CK) which is questionable. In the derivation of dispersion relation, CK neither invoke the concept of vector space nor do they follow the basic criterion for the elimination of perturbation terms under which the damped magnetoacoustic waves are derived.
0709.0040v1
2007-09-17
Intrinsic dissipation in cantilevers
We consider the effects of a velocity-independent friction force on cantilever damping. It is shown that this dissipation mechanism causes nonlinear effects in the cantilever vibrations. The size of the nonlinearity increases with decreasing cantilever velocity. Our analysis makes it possible to understand experiments [Stipe et al, PRL 87, 096801 (2001)] where an amplitude dependence of the cantilever eigenfrequency and anomalous dissipation was observed only at small amplitudes.
0709.2582v1
2007-09-21
Enhanced Optical Cooling of Particle Beams in Storage Rings
A method of enhanced optical cooling (EOC) based on nonlinear selective interaction between particles and theirs amplified undulator radiation wavelets (URW) in storage rings is discussed. It leads to non-exponential fast damping. The selectivity is arranged by a moving screen located on the image plane of the optical system projecting URW there.
0709.3403v1
2007-10-26
Vacuum - induced stationary entanglement in radiatively coupled three - level atoms
We consider a pair of three - level atoms interacting with a common vacuum and analyze the process of entanglement production due to spontaneous emission. We show that in the case of closely separated atoms, collective damping can generate robust entanglement of the asymptotic states.
0710.5048v2
2007-11-15
$C^m$-theory of damped wave equations with stabilisation
The aim of this note is to extend the energy decay estimates from [J. Wirth, J. Differential Equations 222 (2006) 487--514] to a broader class of time-dependent dissipation including very fast oscillations. This is achieved using stabilisation conditions on the coefficient in the spirit of [F. Hirosawa, Math. Ann. 339/4 (2007) 819--839].
0711.2403v1
2008-04-21
Resonant excitation amidst dephasing: An exact analytic solution
An exact analytic solution is presented for coherent resonant excitation of a two-state quantum system driven by a time-dependent pulsed external field with a hyperbolic-secant shape in the presence of dephasing. Analytic results are derived for the amplitude and the phase shift of the damped Rabi oscillations.
0804.3315v1
2008-05-06
Logarithmic decay of hyperbolic equations with arbitrary boundary damping
In this paper, we study the logarithmic stability for the hyperbolic equations by arbitrary boundary observation. Based on Carleman estimate, we first prove an estimate of the resolvent operator of such equation. Then we prove the logarithmic stability estimate for the hyperbolic equations without any assumption on an observation subboundary.
0805.0625v1
2008-07-14
A z = 3 Lyman Alpha Blob Associated with a Damped Lyman Alpha System Proximate to its Background Quasar
We report on the discovery of a bright Lyman alpha blob associated with the z=3 quasar SDSSJ124020.91+145535.6 which is also coincident with strong damped Lyman alpha absorption from a foreground galaxy (a so-called proximate damped Lyman alpha system; PDLA). The one dimensional spectrum acquired by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) shows a broad Lyman alpha emission line with a FWHM ~ 500 km/s and a luminosity of L_{Lya} = 3.9e43 erg/s superposed on the trough of the PDLA. Mechanisms for powering this large Lyman alpha luminosity are discussed. We argue against emission from HII regions in the PDLA galaxy since this requires an excessive star-formation rate ~ 500 Msun/yr and would correspond to the largest Lyman alpha luminosity ever measured from a damped Lyman alpha system or starburst galaxy. We use a Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulation to investigate the possibility that the line emission is fluorescent recombination radiation from the PDLA galaxy powered by the ionizing flux of the quasar, but find that the predicted Lyman alpha flux is several orders of magnitude lower than observed. We conclude that the Lyman alpha emission is not associated with the PDLA galaxy at all, but instead is intrinsic to the quasar's host and similar to the extended Lyman alpha 'fuzz' which is detected around many AGN. PDLAs are natural coronagraphs that block their background quasar at Lyman alpha, and we discuss how systems similar to SDSSJ124020.91+145535.6 might be used to image the neutral hydrogen in the PDLA galaxy in silhouette against the screen of extended Lyman alpha emission from the background quasar.
0807.2271v1
2008-09-23
Analysis of complete positivity conditions for quantum qutrit channels
We present an analysis of complete positivity (CP) constraints on qutrit quantum channels that have a form of affine transformations of generalized Bloch vector. For diagonal (damping) channels we derive conditions analogous to the ones that in qubit case produce tetrahedron structure in the channel parameter space.
0809.3882v3
2008-10-28
Excitation and damping of p-mode oscillations of alpha Cen B
This paper presents an analysis of observational data on the p-mode spectrum of the star alpha Cen B and a comparison with theoretical computations of the stochastic excitation and damping of the modes. We find that at frequencies > 4500 micro-Hz, the model damping rates appear to be too weak to explain the observed shape of the power spectral density of alpha Cen B. The conclusion rests on the assumption that most of the disagreement is due to problems modelling the damping rates, not the excitation rates, of the modes. This assumption is supported by a parallel analysis of BiSON Sun-as-a-star data, for which it is possible to use analysis of very long timeseries to place tight constraints on the assumption. The BiSON analysis shows that there is a similar high-frequency disagreement between theory and observation in the Sun. We demonstrate that by using suitable comparisons of theory and observation it is possible to make inference on the dependence of the p-mode linewidths on frequency, without directly measuring those linewidths, even though the alpha Cen B dataset is only a few nights long. Use of independent measures from a previous study of the alpha Cen B linewidths in two parts of its spectrum also allows us to calibrate our linewidth estimates for the star. The resulting calibrated linewidth curve looks similar to a frequency-scaled version of its solar cousin, with the scaling factor equal to the ratio of the respective acoustic cut-off frequencies of the two stars. The ratio of the frequencies at which the onset of high-frequency problems is seen in both stars is also given approximately by the same scaling factor.
0810.5022v1
2008-11-03
Equation of state for QCD matter in a quasiparticle model
A phenomenological QCD quasiparticle model provides a means to map lattice QCD results to regions relevant for a variety of heavy-ion collision experiments at larger baryon density. We report on effects of collectives modes and damping on the equation of state.
0811.0274v1
2009-01-14
On the use of continuous wavelet analysis for modal identification
This paper reviews two different uses of the continuous wavelet transform for modal identification purposes. The properties of the wavelet transform, mainly energetic, allow to emphasize or filter the main information within measured signals and thus facilitate the modal parameter identification especially when mechanical systems exhibit modal coupling and/or relatively strong damping.
0901.2000v1
2009-01-20
Quasi-periodic motions in strongly dissipative forced systems
We consider a class of ordinary differential equations describing one-dimensional systems with a quasi-periodic forcing term and in the presence of large damping. We discuss the conditions to be assumed on the mechanical force and the forcing term for the existence of quasi-periodic solutions which have the same frequency vector as the forcing.
0901.3009v1
2009-01-23
On the regularity of global attractors
This note is focused on a novel technique in order to establish the boundedness in more regular spaces for global attractors of dissipative dynamical systems, without appealing to uniform-in-time estimates. As an application of the abstract result, the semigroup generated by the strongly damped wave equation $$u_{tt}-\Delta u_t-\Delta u+\phi(u)=f$$ with critical nonlinearity is considered, whose attractor is shown to possess the optimal regularity.
0901.3607v1
2009-05-07
On a Stochastic Wave Equation Driven by a Non-Gaussian Levy Process
This paper investigates a damped stochastic wave equation driven by a non-Gaussian Levy noise. The weak solution is proved to exist and be unique. Moreover we show the existence of a unique invariant measure associated with the transition semigroup under mild conditions.
0905.0992v1
2009-05-07
Metal-Enriched Plasma in Protogalactic Halos: A Survey of N V Absorption in High-z Damped & Sub-Damped Lyman-alpha Systems
We continue our recent work to characterize the plasma content of high-redshift damped and sub-damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs/sub-DLAs), which represent multi-phase gaseous (proto)galactic disks and halos seen toward a background source. We survey N V absorption in a sample of 91 DLAs and 18 sub-DLAs in the redshift range 1.67<z<4.28 with unblended coverage of the N V doublet, using data from VLT/UVES, Keck/HIRES, and Keck/ESI. In DLAs, we find eight secure N V detections, four marginal detections, and 79 non-detections. The detection rate of N V in DLAs is therefore 13^{+5}_{-4}%. Two sub-DLA N V detections are found among a sample of 18, at a similar detection rate of 11^{+15}_{-7}%. We show that the N V detection rate is a strong function of metallicity, increasing by a factor of ~4 at [N/H]=[NI/HI]>-2.3. The N V and CIV component b-value distributions in DLAs are statistically similar, but the median b(N V) of 18 km/s is lower than the median b(O VI) of 25 km/s. Some ~20% of the N V components have b<10 km/s and thus arise in warm photoionized plasma at log (T/K)<4.92; local sources of ionizing radiation (as opposed to the extragalactic background) are required to keep the cloud sizes physically reasonable. The nature of the remaining ~80% of (broad) N V components is unclear; models of radiatively-cooling collisionally-ionized plasma at log(T/K)=5.2-5.4 are fairly successful in reproducing the observed integrated high-ion column density ratios and the component line widths, but we cannot rule out photoionization by local sources. Finally, we identify several unusual DLAs with extremely low metallicity (<0.01 solar) but strong high-ion absorption [log N(N V)>14 or log N(O VI)>14.2] that present challenges to either galactic inflow or outflow models.
0905.1042v2
2009-05-12
Quantum measurement with chaotic apparatus
We study a dissipative quantum mechanical model of the projective measurement of a qubit. We demonstrate how a correspondence limit, damped quantum oscillator can realise chaotic-like or periodic trajectories that emerge in sympathy with the projection of the qubit state, providing a model of the measurement process.
0905.1867v2
2009-06-12
Tailoring the carrier mobility of semiconducting nanowires by remote dielectrics
The dielectric environment of thin semiconductor nanowires can affect the charge transport properties inside the wire. In this work, it is shown that Coulomb impurity scattering inside thin nanowires can be damped strongly by coating the wire with a high-k dielectric. This will lead to an increase in the mobility of free charges inside the wire.
0906.2371v1
2009-10-22
Modelling collisions in a relativistic plasma
Generalising the work of Lenard and Bernstein, we introduce a new, fully relativistic model to describe collisional plasmas. Like the Fokker-Planck operator, this equation represents velocity diffusion and conserves particle number. However, unlike the Fokker-Planck operator it is linear in the distribution function, and so more amenable to a fluid treatment. By taking moments, we derive a new fluid model, and demonstrate the damping effects of collisions on Langmuir waves.
0910.4368v1
2009-11-24
Non-Markovian master equation for a damped driven two-state system
We present a detailed microscopic derivation for a non-Markovian master equation for a driven two-state system interacting with a general structured reservoir. The master equation is derived using the time-convolutionless projection operator technique in the limit of weak coupling between the two-state quantum system and its environment. We briefly discuss the Markov approximation, the secular approximation and their validity.
0911.4600v1
2009-12-07
Analyticity and Gevrey-class regularity for the second-grade fluid equations
We address the global persistence of analyticity and Gevrey-class regularity of solutions to the two and three-dimensional visco-elastic second-grade fluid equations. We obtain an explicit novel lower bound on the radius of analyticity of the solutions to the second-grade fluid equations that does not vanish as $t\to \infty$. Applications to the damped Euler equations are given.
0912.1327v1
2010-02-15
Analysis on Path Spaces over Riemmannian Manifolds with Boundary
By using Hsu's multiplicative functional for the Neumann heat equation, a natural damped gradient operator is defined for the reflecting Brownian motion on compact manifolds with boundary. This operator is linked to quasi-invariant flows in terms of a integration by parts formula, which leads to the standard log-Sobolev inequality for the associated Dirichlet form on the path space.
1002.2887v1
2010-03-07
Decay of Langmuir wave in dense plasmas and warm dense matter
The decays of the Langmuir waves in dense plasmas are computed using the dielectric function theory widely used in the solid state physics. Four cases are considered: a classical plasma, a Maxwellian plasma, a degenerate quantum plasma, and a partially degenerate plasma. The result is considerably different from the conventional Landau damping theory.
1003.1524v2
2010-05-20
Cavity spin optodynamics
The dynamics of a large quantum spin coupled parametrically to an optical resonator is treated in analogy with the motion of a cantilever in cavity optomechanics. New spin optodynamic phenonmena are predicted, such as cavity-spin bistability, optodynamic spin-precession frequency shifts, coherent amplification and damping of spin, and the spin optodynamic squeezing of light.
1005.3853v2
2011-02-21
Noncommutative gauge theory and renormalisability
We review two different noncommutative gauge models generalizing approaches which lead to renormalizable scalar quantum field theories. One of them implements the crucial IR damping of the gauge field propagator in the so-called ``soft breaking'' part. We discuss one-loop renormalisability.
1102.4167v1
2011-04-10
Stabilization of the wave equation with external force
We study the rate of decay of the energy functional of solutions of the wave equation with localized damping and a external force. We prove that the decay rates of the energy functional is determined from a forced differential equation.
1104.1808v3
2011-05-01
Set, Reset, and Retention Times for Ionic and Filamentary Mem-Resistors
A dynamic systems model has previously been proposed for mem-resistors based on a driven damped harmonic oscillator differential equation describing electron and ionic depletion widths in a thin semiconductor film. This paper derives equations for set, reset, and retention times based on the previously proposed model. Keywords- mem-resistor, RRAM, ReRAM
1105.0134v3
2011-07-30
Ion-kinetic D'Angelo mode
An extension of hydrodynamic D'Angelo mode of inhomogeneous sheared plasma flow along the magnetic field into the short-wavelength limit, where the hydrodynamic treatment is not valid, has been considered. We find that D'Angelo mode in this wavelength range is excited by inverse ion Landau damping and becomes the shear flow driven ion-kinetic mode.
1108.0093v1
2011-11-14
Twist of fractional oscillations
Using the method of the Laplace transform, we consider fractional oscillations. They are obtained by the time-clock randomization of ordinary harmonic vibrations. In contrast to sine and cosine, the functions describing the fractional oscillations exhibit a finite number of damped oscillations with an algebraic decay. Their fractional differential equation is derived.
1111.5298v1
2011-12-02
On the transmission of binary bits in discrete Josephson-junction arrays
In this work, we use supratransmission and infratransmission in the mathematical modeling of the propagation of digital signals in weakly damped, discrete Josephson-junction arrays, using energy-based detection criteria. Our results show an efficient and reliable transmission of binary information.
1112.0589v1
2012-01-12
Superconducting elliptical cavities
We give a brief overview of the history, state of the art, and future for elliptical superconducting cavities. Principles of the cell shape optimization, criteria for multi-cell structures design, HOM damping schemes and other features are discussed along with examples of superconducting structures for various applications.
1201.2598v1
2012-02-19
Cluster-based Superconducting Tunneling Networks
A 2D tunneling network consisting of nanoclusters placed on a surface is studied. It is shown that such a network is capable of transferring large supercurrent at high temperatures. For a realistic set of parameters the damping is quite small, and the smallness is due to strong renormalization of the capacitance of a cluster. The critical field also turns out to be lar
1202.4132v1
2012-02-25
Design of a Fractional Order Phase Shaper for Iso-damped Control of a PHWR under Step-back Condition
Phase shaping using fractional order (FO) phase shapers has been proposed by many contemporary researchers as a means of producing systems with iso-damped closed loop response due to a stepped variation in input. Such systems, with the closed loop damping remaining invariant to gain changes can be used to produce dead-beat step response with only rise time varying with gain. This technique is used to achieve an active step-back in a Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) where it is desired to change the reactor power to a pre-determined value within a short interval keeping the power undershoot as low as possible. This paper puts forward an approach as an alternative for the present day practice of a passive step-back mechanism where the control rods are allowed to drop during a step-back action by gravity, with release of electromagnetic clutches. The reactor under a step-back condition is identified as a system using practical test data and a suitable Proportional plus Integral plus Derivative (PID) controller is designed for it. Then the combined plant is augmented with a phase shaper to achieve a dead-beat response in terms of power drop. The fact that the identified static gain of the system depends on the initial power level at which a step-back is initiated, makes this application particularly suited for using a FO phase shaper. In this paper, a model of a nuclear reactor is developed for a control rod drop scenario involving rapid power reduction in a 500MWe Canadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactor using AutoRegressive Exogenous (ARX) algorithm. The system identification and reduced order modeling are developed from practical test data. For closed loop active control of the identified reactor model, the fractional order phase shaper along with a PID controller is shown to perform better than the present Reactor Regulating System (RRS) due to its iso-damped nature.
1202.5657v1
2012-02-27
Simple absorbing boundary conditions for wave simulations with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
We study and implement a simple method, based on the Perfectly Matched Layer approach, to treat non reflecting boundary conditions with the Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics numerical algorithm. The method is based on the concept of physical damping. We illustrate how it works in the case of 1D and 2D time dependent waves propagating in a finite domain.
1202.5893v1
2012-07-22
Singularity and existence to a wave system of nematic liquid crystals
In this paper, we prove the global existence and singularity formation for a wave system from modelling nematic liquid crystals in one space dimension. In our model, although the viscous damping term is included, the solution with smooth initial data still has gradient blowup in general, even when the initial energy is arbitrarily small.
1207.5190v1
2012-07-26
Upsilon Suppression in PbPb Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV
We suggest that the combined effect of screening, gluon-induced dissociation, collisional damping, and reduced feed-down explains most of the sequential suppression of Y(nS) states that has been observed in PbPb relative to pp collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV. The suppression is thus a clear, albeit indirect, indication for the presence of a qgp.
1207.6227v1
2012-09-08
Local energy decay for the wave equation with nonlinear time dependent damping
This paper addresses a wave equation on a exterior domain in R^{d}(d odd) with nonlinear time dependent dissipation. Under a microlocal geometric condition we prove that the decay rates of the local energy functional are obtained by solving a nonlinear non-autonomous differential equation.
1209.1733v1
2012-12-28
Turbulence-Induced Instabilities in EP and QGP
Polarization properties of turbulent stochastically inhomogeneous ultrarelativistic QED plasma are studied. It is shown that the sign of nonlinear turbulent Landau damping corresponds to an instability of the spacelike modes and, for sufficiently large turbulent fields, to an actual instability of a system.
1212.6555v1
2013-02-26
Spin Mixing in Spinor Fermi Gases
We study a spinor fermionic system under the effect of spin-exchange interaction. We focus on the interplay between the spin-exchange interaction and the effective quadratic Zeeman shift. We examine the static and the dynamic properties of both two- and many-body system. We find that the spin-exchange interaction induces coherent Rabi oscillation in the two-body system, but the oscillation is quickly damped when the system is extended to the many-body case.
1302.6549v1
2013-03-12
Damped jump-telegraph processes
We study a one-dimensional Markov modulated random walk with jumps. It is assumed that amplitudes of jumps as well as a chosen velocity regime are random and depend on a time spent by the process at a previous state of the underlying Markov process. Equations for the distribution and equations for its moments are derived. We characterise the martingale distributions in terms of observable proportions between jump and velocity regimes.
1303.2796v1
2013-03-14
Drag and Diffusion coefficients in extreme scenarios of temperature and chemical potential
A comparative study of high and zero temperature plasma for the case of damping rate, drag and diffusion coefficients have been presented. In each of these quantities, it is revealed how the magnetic interaction dominates over the electric one at zero temperature unlike what happens at high temperature.
1303.3353v1
2013-05-19
On Collective Properties of Turbulent QED Plasma
Polarization properties of turbulent stochastically inhomogeneous ultrarelativistic QED plasma are studied. It is shown that the sign of nonlinear turbulent Landau damping corresponds to an instability of the spacelike modes and, for sufficiently large turbulent fields, to an actual instability of a system. Modification of plasmon dispersion relations due to turbulent effects are studied.
1305.4414v1
2013-06-17
Uniformly polynomially stable approximations for a class of second order evolution equations
In this paper we study time semi-discrete approximations of a class of polynomially stable infinite dimensional systems modeling the damped vibrations. We prove that adding a suitable numerical viscosity term in the numerical scheme, one obtains approximations that are uniformly polynomially stable with respect to the discretization parameter.
1306.3807v1
2013-08-21
Overstable Librations can account for the Paucity of Mean Motion Resonances among Exoplanet Pairs
We assess the multi-planet systems discovered by the Kepler satellite in terms of current ideas about orbital migration and eccentricity damping due to planet-disk interactions. Our primary focus is on mean motion resonances. Only a few percent of planet pairs are in close proximity to a resonance. However, predicted migration rates (parameterized by $\tau_n=n/{|\dot n|}$) imply that during convergent migration most planets would have been captured into first order resonances. Eccentricity damping (parameterized by $\tau_e=e/{|\dot e|}$) offers a plausible resolution. Estimates suggest $\tau_e/\tau_n\sim (h/a)^2\sim 10^{-2}$, where $h/a$ is the ratio of disk thickness to radius. Together, eccentricity damping and orbital migration give rise to an equilibrium eccentricity, $e_{eq}\sim(\tau_e/\tau_n)^{1/2}$. Capture is permanent provided $e_{eq}\lesssim \mu^{1/3}$, where $\mu$ denotes the planet to star mass ratio. But for $e_{eq}\gtrsim \mu^{1/3}$, capture is only temporary because librations around equilibrium are overstable and lead to passage through resonance on timescale $\tau_e$. Most Kepler planet pairs have $e_{eq}>\mu^{1/3}$. Since $\tau_n>> \tau_e$ is the timescale for migration between neighboring resonances, only a modest percentage of pairs end up trapped in resonances after the disk disappears. Planet pairs close to a mean motion resonance typically exhibit period ratios 1-2% larger than those for exact resonance. The direction of this shift undoubtedly reflects the same asymmetry that requires convergent migration for resonance capture. Permanent resonance capture at these separations from exact resonance would demand $\mu (\tau_n/\tau_e)^{1/2}\gtrsim 0.01$, a value that estimates of $\mu$ from transit data and $(\tau_e/\tau_n)^{1/2}$ from theory are insufficient to match. Plausible alternatives involve eccentricity damping during or after disk dispersal. (Abridged)
1308.4688v2
2013-08-30
Nested Head-Tail Vlasov Solver
Nested Head-Tail (NHT) is a Mathematica-based Vlasov solver for transverse oscillations in multi-bunch beams. It takes into account azimuthal, radial, coupled-bunch and beam-beam degrees of freedom, single- and inter-bunch dipole wakes, an arbitrary damper, beam-beam effects and Landau damping.
1309.0044v3
2013-09-24
Attractors for damped quintic wave equations in bounded domains
The dissipative wave equation with a critical quintic nonlinearity in smooth bounded three dimensional domain is considered. Based on the recent extension of the Strichartz estimates to the case of bounded domains, the existence of a compact global attractor for the solution semigroup of this equation is established. Moreover, the smoothness of the obtained attractor is also shown.
1309.6272v1
2013-09-30
Harmonic oscillator: an analysis via Fourier series
The Fourier series method is used to solve the homogeneous equation governing the motion of the harmonic oscillator. It is shown that the general solution to the problem can be found in a surprisingly simple way for the case of the simple harmonic oscillator. It is also shown that the damped harmonic oscillator is susceptible to the analysis.
1309.7918v1
2013-10-01
Observations and predictions at CesrTA, and outlook for ILC
In this paper, we will describe some of the recent experimental measurements [1, 2, 3] performed at CESRTA [4], and the supporting simulations, which probe the interaction of the electron cloud with the stored beam. These experiments have been done over a wide range of beam energies, emittances, bunch currents, and fill patterns, to gather sufficient information to be able to fully characterize the beam-electron-cloud interaction and validate the simulation programs. The range of beam conditions is chosen to be as close as possible to those of the ILC damping ring, so that the validated simulation programs can be used to predict the performance of these rings with regard to electroncloud- related phenomena. Using the new simulation code Synrad3D to simulate the synchrotron radiation environment, a vacuum chamber design has been developed for the ILC damping ring which achieves the required level of photoelectron suppression. To determine the expected electron cloud density in the ring, EC buildup simulations have been done based on the simulated radiation environment and on the expected performance of the ILC damping ring chamber mitigation prescriptions. The expected density has been compared with analytical estimates of the instability threshold, to verify that the ILC damping ring vacuum chamber design is adequate to suppress the electron cloud single-bunch head-tail instability.
1310.0261v1
2013-10-21
A Critical History of Renormalization
The history of renormalization is reviewed with a critical eye, starting with Lorentz's theory of radiation damping, through perturbative QED with Dyson, Gell-Mann & Low, and others, to Wilson's formulation and Polchinski's functional equation, and applications to "triviality", and dark energy in cosmology.
1310.5533v1
2013-10-27
Fundamental limitations of half-metallicicity in spintronic materials
Zero-point spin fluctuations are shown to strongly influence the ground state of ferromagnetic metals and to impose limitations for the fully spin polarized state assumed in half-metallic ferromagnets, which may influence their applications in spintronics. This phenomenon leads to the low-frequency Stoner excitations and cause strong damping and softening of magnons in magnetoresistive manganites observed experimentally.
1310.7174v1
2013-12-13
Probing Intergalactic Neutral Hydrogen by the Lyman Alpha Red Damping Wing of Gamma-Ray Burst 130606A Afterglow Spectrum at z = 5.913
The unprecedentedly bright optical afterglow of GRB 130606A located by Swift at a redshift close to the reionization era (z = 5.913) provides a new opportunity to probe the ionization status of intergalactic medium (IGM). Here we present an analysis of the red Ly alpha damping wing of the afterglow spectrum taken by Subaru/FOCAS during 10.4-13.2 hr after the burst. We find that the minimal model including only the baseline power-law and HI absorption in the host galaxy does not give a good fit, leaving residuals showing concave curvature in 8400-8900 A with an amplitude of about 0.6% of the flux. Such a curvature in the short wavelength range cannot be explained either by extinction at the host with standard extinction curves, intrinsic curvature of afterglow spectra, or by the known systematic uncertainties in the observed spectrum. The red damping wing by intervening HI gas outside the host can reduce the residual by about 3 sigma statistical significance. We find that a damped Ly alpha system is not favored as the origin of this intervening HI absorption, from the observed Ly beta and metal absorption features. Therefore absorption by diffuse IGM remains as a plausible explanation. A fit by a simple uniform IGM model requires HI neutral fraction of f_HI ~ 0.1-0.5 depending on the distance to the GRB host, implying high f_HI IGM associated with the observed dark Gunn-Peterson (GP) troughs. This gives a new evidence that the reionization is not yet complete at z ~ 6.
1312.3934v3
2014-02-01
Effects of stellar flybys on planetary systems: 3D modeling of the circumstellar disks damping effects
Stellar flybys in star clusters are suspected to affect the orbital architecture of planetary systems causing eccentricity excitation and orbital misalignment between the planet orbit and the equatorial plane of the star. We explore whether the impulsive changes in the orbital elements of planets, caused by an hyperbolic stellar flyby, can be fully damped by the circumstellar disk surrounding the star. The time required to disperse stellar clusters is in fact comparable to circumstellar disk's lifetime. We have modelled in 3D a system made of a solar type star surrounded by a low density disk with a giant planet embedded in it approached on a hyperbolic encounter trajectory by a second star, of similar mass and with its own disk. We focus on extreme configurations where a very deep stellar flyby perturbs a Jovian planet on an external orbit. This allows to test in full the ability of the disk to erase the effects of the stellar encounter. We find that the amount of mass lost by the disk during the stellar flyby is less than in 2D models where a single disk was considered due to the mass exchange between the two disks at the encounter. The damping in eccentricity is slightly faster than in 2D models and it occurs on timescales of the order of a few kyr. The only trace of the flyby left in the planet system, after about 10^4 yr, is a small misalignment, lower than 9 degrees, between the star equatorial plane and the planet orbit. In a realistic model based on 3D simulations of star--planet--disk interactions, we find that stellar flybys cannot excite significant eccentricities and inclinations of planets in stellar clusters. The circumstellar disks hosting the planets damp on a short timescale all the step changes in the two orbital parameters produced during any stellar encounter. All records of past encounters are erased.
1402.0077v1
2014-02-21
Damping of electron Zitterbewegung in carbon nanotubes
Zitterbewegung (ZB, trembling motion) of electrons in semiconductor carbon nanotubes is described taking into account dephasing processes. The density matrix formalism is used for the theory. Differences between decay of ZB oscillations due to electron localization and that due to dephasing are discussed.
1402.5393v1
2014-04-18
Exponential mixing for the white - forced damped nonlinear wave equation
The paper is devoted to studying the stochastic nonlinear wave (NLW) equation in a bounded domain D $\subset$ R3. We show that the Markov process associated with the flow of solution has a unique stationary measure $\mu$, and the law of any solution converges to $\mu$ with exponential rate in the dual-Lipschitz norm
1404.4697v1
2014-04-22
A unique continuation result for the plate equation and an application
In this paper, we prove the unique continuation property for the weak solution of the plate equation with non-smooth coefficients. Then, we apply this result to study the global attractor for the semilinear plate equation with a localized damping.
1404.5586v3
2014-05-13
Magneto-seismological insights into the penumbral chromosphere and evidence for wave damping in spicules
The observation of propagating magneto-hydrodynamic kink waves in magnetic structures and measurement of their properties (amplitude, phase speed) can be used to diagnose the plasma conditions in the neighbourhood of the magnetic structure via magneto-seismology (MS). We aim to reveal properties of the chromosphere/Transition Region above the sunspot penumbra using this technique. Hinode observed a sunspot as it was crossing the limb, providing a unique side on view of the sunspot atmosphere. The presence of large spicule-like jets is evident in \ion{Ca}{II} H images. The jets are found to support transverse wave motions that displace the central axis, which can be interpreted as a kink wave. The properties of a wave event are measured and used to determine the magnetic and density stratification along the structure. We also measure the width of the spicule and the intensity profile along the structure. The measured wave properties reveal an initial rapid increase in amplitude with height above the solar surface, followed by a decrease in amplitude. The MS inversion suggests this initial increase corresponds to large changes in density and magnetic field strength. In addition, we provide the first measurements of spicule width with height, which confirm that the spicule under goes rapid expansion. The measured expansion shows good agreement with the results from the MS. The observed variations in plasma parameters are suggested to be partly due to the presence of a gravitational stratified, ambient atmosphere. Combining width measurements with phase speed measurements implies the observed decrease in wave amplitude at greater heights can be explained by wave damping. Hence, we provide the first direct evidence of wave damping in chromospheric spicules and the quality factor of the damping is found to be significantly smaller than estimated coronal values.
1405.3203v1
2014-05-27
Interior feedback stabilization of wave equations with dynamic boundary delay
In this paper we consider an interior stabilization problem for the wave equation with dynamic boundary delay.We prove some stability results under the choice of damping operator. The proof of the main result is based on a frequency domain method and combines a contradiction argument with the multiplier technique to carry out a special analysis for the resolvent.
1405.6865v2
2014-07-11
Remark on stabilization of second order evolution equations by unbounded dynamic feedbacks and applications
In this paper we consider second order evolution equations with unbounded dynamic feedbacks. Under a regularity assumption we show that observability properties for the undamped problem imply decay estimates for the damped problem. We consider both uniform and non uniform decay properties.
1407.3070v1
2014-09-11
Eliminating flutter for clamped von Karman plates immersed in subsonic flows
We address the long-time behavior of a non-rotational von Karman plate in an inviscid potential flow. The model arises in aeroelasticity and models the interaction between a thin, nonlinear panel and a flow of gas in which it is immersed [6, 21, 23]. Recent results in [16, 18] show that the plate component of the dynamics (in the presence of a physical plate nonlinearity) converge to a global compact attracting set of finite dimension; these results were obtained in the absence of mechanical damping of any type. Here we show that, by incorporating mechanical damping the full flow-plate system, full trajectories---both plate and flow---converge strongly to (the set of) stationary states. Weak convergence results require "minimal" interior damping, and strong convergence of the dynamics are shown with sufficiently large damping. We require the existence of a "good" energy balance equation, which is only available when the flows are subsonic. Our proof is based on first showing the convergence properties for regular solutions, which in turn requires propagation of initial regularity on the infinite horizon. Then, we utilize the exponential decay of the difference of two plate trajectories to show that full flow-plate trajectories are uniform-in-time Hadamard continuous. This allows us to pass convergence properties of smooth initial data to finite energy type initial data. Physically, our results imply that flutter (a non-static end behavior) does not occur in subsonic dynamics. While such results were known for rotational (compact/regular) plate dynamics [14] (and references therein), the result presented herein is the first such result obtained for non-regularized---the most physically relevant---models.
1409.3308v5
2014-12-15
Optomechanical laser cooling with mechanical modulations
We theoretically study the laser cooling of cavity optomechanics when the mechanical resonance frequency and damping depend on time. In the regime of weak optomechanical coupling we extend the theory of laser cooling using an adiabatic approximation. We discuss the modifications of the cooling dynamics and compare it with numerical simulations in a wide range of modulation frequencies.
1412.4497v1
2015-03-08
An Analytical Formulation of Power System Oscillation Frequency
This letter proposes an analytical approach to formulate the power system oscillation frequency under a large disturbance. A fact is revealed that the oscillation frequency is only the function of the oscillation amplitude when the system's model and operating condition are fixed. Case studies also show that this function is damping-insensitive and could be applied to an inter-area model of a multi-machine power system.
1503.07554v1
2015-04-07
Generation of coherent spin-wave modes in Yttrium Iron Garnet microdiscs by spin-orbit torque
Spin-orbit effects [1-4] have the potential of radically changing the field of spintronics by allowing transfer of spin angular momentum to a whole new class of materials. In a seminal letter to Nature [5], Kajiwara et al. showed that by depositing Platinum (Pt, a normal metal) on top of a 1.3 $\mu$m thick Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG, a magnetic insulator), one could effectively transfer spin angular momentum through the interface between these two different materials. The outstanding feature was the detection of auto-oscillation of the YIG when enough dc current was passed in the Pt. This finding has created a great excitement in the community for two reasons: first, one could control electronically the damping of insulators, which can offer improved properties compared to metals, and here YIG has the lowest damping known in nature; second, the damping compensation could be achieved on very large objects, a particularly relevant point for the field of magnonics [6,7] whose aim is to use spin-waves as carriers of information. However, the degree of coherence of the observed auto-oscillations has not been addressed in ref. [5]. In this work, we emphasize the key role of quasi-degenerate spin-wave modes, which increase the threshold current. This requires to reduce both the thickness and lateral size in order to reach full damping compensation [8] , and we show clear evidence of coherent spin-orbit torque induced auto-oscillation in micron-sized YIG discs of thickness 20 nm.
1504.01512v1
2015-05-01
Periodic solutions for nonlinear hyperbolic evolution systems
We shall deal with the periodic problem for nonlinear perturbations of abstract hyperbolic evolution equations generating an evolution system of contractions. We prove an averaging principle for the translation along trajectories operator associated to the nonlinear evolution system, expressed in terms of the topological degree. The abstract results shall be applied to the damped hyperbolic partial differential equation.
1505.00150v1
2015-05-28
Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation with memory, part I: exponential decay of energy
We are interested in the Moore-Gibson-Thompson(MGT) equation with memory \begin{equation}\nonumber \tau u_{ttt}+ \alpha u_{tt}+c^2\A u+b\A u_t -\int_0^tg(t-s)\A w(s)ds=0. \end{equation} We first classify the memory into three types. Then we study how a memory term creates damping mechanism and how the memory causes energy decay.
1505.07523v1