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2009-07-15
Engineering of Low-Loss Metal for Nanoplasmonic and Metamaterials Applications
We have shown that alloying a noble metal (gold) with another metal (cadmium), which can contribute two electrons per atom to a free electron gas, can significantly improve the metals optical properties in certain wavelength ranges and make them worse in the other parts of the spectrum. In particular, in the gold-cadmium alloy we have demonstrated a significant expansion of the spectral range of metallic reflectance to shorter wavelengths. The experimental results and the predictions of the first principles theory demonstrate an opportunity for the improvement and optimization of low-loss metals for nanoplasmonic and metamaterials applications.
0907.2484v1
2009-10-30
Equation of state and elastic properties of face-centered-cubic FeMg alloy at ultrahigh pressures from first-principles
We have calculated the equation of state and elastic properties of face-centered cubic Fe and Fe-rich FeMg alloy at ultrahigh pressures from first principles using the Exact Muffin-Tin Orbitals method. The results show that adding Mg into Fe influences strongly the equation of state, and cause a large degree of softening of the elastic constants, even at concentrations as small as 1-2 at. %. Moreover, the elastic anisotropy increases, and the effect is higher at higher pressures.
0910.5854v1
2010-01-21
Jerky elasticity: Avalanches and the martensitic transition in Cu74.08Al23.13Be2.79 shape-memory alloy
Jerky elasticity was observed by dynamical mechanical analyzer measurements in a single crystal of the shape memory alloy Cu74.08Al23.13Be2.79. Jerks appear as spikes in the dissipation of the elastic response function and relate to the formation of avalanches during the transformation between the austenite and the martensite phase. The statistics of the avalanches follows the predictions of avalanche criticality P(E) proportional to E-epsilon where P(E) is the probability of finding an avalanche with the energy E. This result reproduces, within experimental uncertainties, previous findings by acoustic emission techniques.
1001.3791v1
2010-03-28
An Improved Algorithm for Generating Database Transactions from Relational Algebra Specifications
Alloy is a lightweight modeling formalism based on relational algebra. In prior work with Fisler, Giannakopoulos, Krishnamurthi, and Yoo, we have presented a tool, Alchemy, that compiles Alloy specifications into implementations that execute against persistent databases. The foundation of Alchemy is an algorithm for rewriting relational algebra formulas into code for database transactions. In this paper we report on recent progress in improving the robustness and efficiency of this transformation.
1003.5350v1
2010-05-05
Lifshitz tails for alloy type models in a constant magnetic field
In this note, we study Lifshitz tails for a 2D Landau Hamiltonian perturbed by a random alloy-type potential constructed with single site potentials decaying at least at a Gaussian speed. We prove that, if the Landau level stays preserved as a band edge for the perturbed Hamiltonian, at the Landau levels, the integrated density of states has a Lifshitz behavior of the type $e^{-\log^2|E-2bq|}$.
1005.0832v2
2010-06-25
Wegner estimate for discrete alloy-type models
We study discrete alloy-type random Schr\"odinger operators on $\ell^2(\mathbb{Z}^d)$. Wegner estimates are bounds on the average number of eigenvalues in an energy interval of finite box restrictions of these types of operators. If the single site potential is compactly supported and the distribution of the coupling constant is of bounded variation a Wegner estimate holds. The bound is polynomial in the volume of the box and thus applicable as an ingredient for a localisation proof via multiscale analysis.
1006.4995v1
2010-07-15
Band offsets of semiconductor heterostructures: a hybrid density functional study
We demonstrate the accuracy of the hybrid functional HSE06 for computing band offsets of semiconductor alloy heterostructures. The highlight of this study is the computation of conduction band offsets with a reliability that has eluded standard density functional theory. A high-quality special quasirandom structure models an infinite random pseudobinary alloy for constructing heterostructures along the (001) growth direction. Our excellent results for a variety of heterostructures establish HSE06's relevance to band engineering of high-performance electrical and optoelectronic devices.
1007.2635v1
2010-09-01
Semiconducting chains of gold and silver
The authors introduce a geometry for ultrathin Au and Ag wires that ab initio calculations indicate to be more stable than previously considered planar geometries for these systems, by about 0.1 eV per atom. This structure is insulating for both metals and for related Ag_(0.5)-Au_(0.5) alloys, with gaps of 1.3 eV for Au, 0.8 eV for Ag, and varying between 0.1 eV and 1.9 eV for the alloys. The insulating nature of the geometry is not a result of Peierls instabilities, and is analyzed in terms of an interplay between geometric and electronic structure effects.
1009.0243v1
2010-10-22
On the origin of extremely high strength of ultrafine-grained Al alloys produced by severe plastic deformation
Ultrafine-grained Al alloys produced by high pressure torsion are found to exhibit a very high strength, considerably exceeding the Hall-Petch predictions for the ultrafine grains. The phenomena can be attributed to the unique combination of ultrafine structure and deformation-induced segregations of solute elements along grain boundaries, which may affect the emission and mobility of intragranular dislocations.
1010.4644v1
2010-11-03
The pasta phase and its consequences on neutrino opacities
In this paper, we calculate the diffusion coefficients that are related to the neutrino opacities considering the formation of nuclear pasta and homogeneous matter at low densities. Our results show that the mean free paths are significantly altered by the presence of nuclear pasta in stellar matter when compared with the results obtained with homogeneous matter. These differences in neutrino opacities certainly influence the Kelvin-Helmholtz phase of protoneutron stars and consequently the results of supernova explosion simulations.
1011.0968v1
2011-02-25
Capillary-Wave Model for the Solidification of Dilute Binary Alloys
Starting from a phase-field description of the isothermal solidification of a dilute binary alloy, we establish a model where capillary waves of the solidification front interact with the diffusive concentration field of the solute. The model does not rely on the sharp-interface assumption, and includes non-equilibrium effects, relevant in the rapid-growth regime. In many applications it can be evaluated analytically, culminating in the appearance of an instability which, interfering with the Mullins-Sekerka instability, is similar to that, found by Cahn in grain-boundary motion.
1102.5184v1
2011-04-12
Coherent heavy quasiparticles in CePt5 surface alloy
We report on the results of a high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) study on the ordered surface alloy CePt5. The temperature dependence of the spectra show the formation of the coherent low-energy heavy-fermion band near the Fermi level. This experimental data is supported by a multi-band model calculation in the framework of the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT).
1104.2165v1
2011-05-11
Sigma-phase in Fe-Cr and Fe-V alloy systems and its physical properties
A review is presented on physical properties of the sigma-phase in Fe-Cr and Fe-V alloy systems as revealed both with experimental -- mostly with the Mossbauer spectroscopy -- and theoretical methods. In particular, the following questions relevant to the issue have been addressed: identification of sigma and determination of its structural properties, kinetics of alpha-to-sigma and sigma-to-alpha phase transformations, Debye temperature and Fe-partial phonon density of states, Curie temperature and magnetization, hyperfine fields, isomer shifts and electric field gradients.
1105.2179v1
2011-06-24
Polytypes of long-period stacking structures synchronized with chemical order in a dilute Mg-Zn-Y alloy
A series of structural polytypes formed in an Mg-1at.%Zn-2at.%Y alloy has been identified, which are reasonably viewed as long-period stacking derivatives of the hcp Mg structure with alternate AB stacking of the close-packed atomic layers. Atomic-resolution Z-contrast imaging clearly revealed that the structures are long-period chemical-ordered as well as stacking-ordered; unique chemical order along the stacking direction occurs as being synchronized with a local faulted stacking of AB'C'A, where B' and C' layers are commonly enriched by Zn/Y atoms.
1106.4944v2
2011-07-31
The weak localization for the alloy-type Anderson model on a cubic lattice
We consider alloy type random Schr\"odinger operators on a cubic lattice whose randomness is generated by the sign-indefinite single-site potential. We derive Anderson localization for this class of models in the Lifshitz tails regime, i.e. when the coupling parameter $\lambda$ is small, for the energies $E \le -C \lambda^2$.
1108.0196v3
2011-09-30
Empirical oscillating potentials for alloys from ab-initio fits and the prediction of quasicrystal-related structures in the Al-Cu-Sc system
By fitting to a database of ab-initio forces and energies, we can extract pair potentials for alloys, with a simple six-parameter analytic form including Friedel oscillations, which give a remarkably faithful account of many complex intermetallic compounds. Furthermore, such potentials are combined with a method of discovering complex zero-temperature structures with hundreds of atoms per cell, given only the composition and the con- straint of known lattice parameters, using molecular-dynamics quenches. We apply this approach to structure prediction in the Al-Cu-Sc quasicrystal-related system.
1109.6931v1
2011-12-11
Single Crystal Growth of Magnesium Diboride by Using Low Melting Point Alloy Flux
Magnesium diboride crystals were grown with low melting alloy flux. The sample with superconductivity at 38.3 K was prepared in the zinc-magnesium flux and another sample with superconductivity at 34.11 K was prepared in the cadmium-magnesium flux. MgB4 was found in both samples, and MgB4's magnetization curve being above zero line had not superconductivity. Magnesium diboride prepared by these two methods is all flaky and irregular shape and low quality of single crystal. However, these two metals should be the optional flux for magnesium diboride crystal growth. The study of single crystal growth is very helpful for the future applications.
1112.2364v1
2012-01-27
Stacking-Fault Energy and Anti-Invar Effect in FeMn Alloys
Based on state-of-the-art density-functional-theory methods we calculate the stacking-fault energy of the paramagnetic random Fe-22.5at.%Mn alloy between 300-800 K. We estimate magnetic thermal excitations by considering longitudinal spin-fluctuations. Our results demonstrate that the interplay between the magnetic excitations and the thermal lattice expansion is the main factor determining the anti-Invar effect, the hcp-fcc transformation temperature, and the stacking-fault energy, which is in excellent agreement with measurements.
1201.5808v1
2012-01-30
Thermoelectric Properties of Ho-doped Bi1-xSbx
The Seebeck coefficients, electrical resistivities, total thermal conductivities, and magnetization are reported for temperatures between 5 and 350 K for n-type Bi0.88Sb0.12 nano-composite alloys made by Ho-doping at the 0, 1 and 3% atomic levels. The alloys were prepared using a dc hot-pressing method, and are shown to be single phase for both Ho contents with grain sizes on the average of 900 nm. We find the parent compound has a maximum of ZT = 0.28 at 231 K, while doping 1% Ho increases the maximum ZT to 0.31 at 221 K and the 3% doped sample suppresses the maximum ZT = 0.24 at a temperature of 260 K.
1201.6304v1
2012-03-02
Precipitate assemblies formed on dislocation loops in aluminium-silver alloys
A detailed study of the precipitation of the \gamma' (AlAg2) phase in undeformed aluminium-silver alloys has been conducted. Several previously unreported features were observed, including the formation of discrete three-dimensional assemblies comprised of 5-7 precipitates on faulted dislocation loops. The precipitates assemblies adopted a morphology approximating a tetrahedral bipyramidal assembly. The bounding defect of the stacking fault was found to control both the nucleation of additional precipitates which was responsible for the formation of the assembly structure and also the growth characteristics of individual precipitates with these assemblies.
1203.0404v1
2012-03-22
Tungsten silicide films for microwave kinetic inductance detectors
Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) provide highly multiplexed arrays of detectors that can be configured to operate from the sub-millimeter to the X-ray regime. We have examined two tungsten silicide alloys (W5Si3 and WSi2), which are dense alloys that provide a critical temperature tunable with composition, large kinetic inductance fraction, and high normal-state resistivity. We have fabricated superconducting resonators and provide measurement data on critical temperature, surface resistance, quality factor, noise, and quasiparticles lifetime. Tungsten silicide appears to be promising for microwave kinetic inductance detectors.
1203.5064v2
2012-03-23
Direct observation of interacting Kondo screened 4f moments in CePt5 with XMCD
We use x-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism to study electronic configuration and local susceptibility of CePt5/Pt(111) surface alloys from well above to well below the impurity Kondo temperature. The anisotropic paramagnetic response is governed by the hexagonal crystal field and ferromagnetic correlations, with modified parameters for Ce moments residing next to the alloy surface. Quantitative XMCD evaluations provide direct evidence of Kondo screening of both spin and orbital 4f moments. Magnetic signatures of coherence are not apparent for T >= 13 K.
1203.5272v1
2012-04-26
Magnetism: the Driving Force of Order in CoPt. A First-Principles Study
CoPt or FePt equiatomic alloys order according to the tetragonal L10 structure which favors their strong magnetic anisotropy. Conversely magnetism can influence chemical ordering. We present here {\it ab initio} calculations of the stability of the L10 and L12 structures of Co-Pt alloys in their paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states. They show that magnetism strongly reinforces the ordering tendencies in this system. A simple tight-binding analysis allows us to account for this behavior in terms of some pertinent parameters.
1204.5845v1
2012-05-24
Formation energy in σ-phase Fe-V alloys
Formation energy of the \sigma-phase in the Fe-V alloy system, \Delta E, was computed in the full compositional range of its occurrence (34 < x < 60) using the electronic band structure calculations by means of the KKR method. \Delta E-values were found to strongly depend on the Fe concentration, also its variation with different site occupancies was characteristic of a given lattice site. Calculated magnetic and configuration entropy contributions were used to determine sublattice occupancies for various compositions and temperatures. The results agree well with those obtained from neutron diffraction measurements.
1205.5410v1
2012-07-02
Relation Between Bulk and Interface Descriptions of Alloy Solidification
From a simple bulk model for the one-dimensional steady-state solidification of a dilute binary alloy we derive an interface description, allowing arbitrary values of the growth velocity. Our derivation leads to exact expressions for the fluxes and forces at the interface and for the set of Onsager coefficients. We, moreover, discover a continuous symmetry, which appears in the low-velocity regime, and there deletes the Onsager sign and symmetry properties. An example is the generation of the sometimes negative friction coefficient in the crystallization flux-force relation.
1207.0347v1
2012-07-25
Quasi-non-local gradient-level exchange-correlation approximation for metals and alloys
The flexibility of common generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation energy is investigated by monitoring the equilibrium volume of transition metals. It is shown that no universal gradient-level approximation yielding consistent errors for all metals exists. Based on an element-specific optimization, the concept of quasi-non-local gradient-level approximation is introduced. The strength of the scheme is demonstrated on several transition metal alloys.
1207.5923v1
2012-10-26
A Phase Field Crystal Study of Solute Trapping
In this study we have incorporated two time scales into the phase field crystal model of a binary alloy to explore different solute trapping properties as a function of crystal-melt interface velocity. With only diffusive dynamics, we demonstrate that the segregation coefficient, K as a function of velocity for a binary alloy is consistent with the model of Kaplan and Aziz where K approaches unity in the limit of infinite velocity. However, with the introduction of wave like dynamics in both the density and concentration fields, the trapping follows the kinetics proposed by S. Sobolev[Phys. Rev. A. 199:383386, 1995.], where complete trapping occurs at a finite velocity.
1210.7218v1
2012-11-21
Atomic scale characterization of the nucleation and growth of SnO2 particles in oxidized CuSn alloys
The internal oxidation of Sn was investigated to understand the oxidation kinetics of monophase CuSn alloys. SnO2 particles were characterized by analytical transmission electron microscopy. The orientation relationship between SnO2 and Cu was determined with a special emphasis on the atomic scale structure of Cu/SnO2 interfaces (misfit dislocations and chemical structure). Habit planes with a pure oxygen plane terminating the SnO2 phase are greatly favored and large misfits promote the growth of plate shaped precipitates.
1211.5038v1
2012-12-21
Critical and compensation phenomena in a mixed-spin ternary alloy: a Monte Carlo study
By means of standard and histogram Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the critical and compensation behaviour of a ternary mixed spin alloy of the type $AB_pC_{1-p}$ on a cubic lattice. We focus on the case with the parameters corresponding to the Prussian blue analog $({\rm Ni}^{\rm II}_p {\rm Mn}^{\rm II}_{1-p})_{1.5}[{\rm Cr^{III}(CN)}_6] \cdot n {\rm H_2O}$ and confront our findings with those obtained by some approximative approaches and the experiments.
1212.5483v1
2013-01-06
Phase-Field Modeling of Contact Melting in Binary Alloys
Computer simulations of the phenomenon of contact melting in binary alloys with chemical miscibility gap are performed on the basis of the phase field theory. Kinetics of the process is examined within the isothermal approximation, as a function of initial state. As evidenced by simulations, the simplest phase field model is capable of reproducing the basic properties of the phenomenon. The numerical results obtained suggest the diffusive nature of contact melting.
1301.1081v2
2013-01-25
The Effect of mechanical alloying on Electrical properties of BaTiO3 Nano Crystals
In this paper, electrical properties of BaTiO3 nano crystals have been studied, Barium Titanate Nano Crystals are made by mechanical alloying method in a ball mill of SPEX 8000. In order to find Curie temperature, dielectric constant variation via temperature and hysteresis loops are investigated. Our results show that, there is a relationship between the time of milling and the curie temperature .this means with increasing milling time, grain size will decrease, consequently the curie temperature will decrease. In addition, with increasing temperature up to the Curie temperature, the hysteresis loop of samples decrease and at the Curie temperature the hysteresis loop changes to a straight line.
1301.5939v1
2013-03-20
Structure, microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of melt-spun V55Ti21Cr17Fe7 and V55Ti21Mn17Fe7
The hydrogen sorption performance of V55Ti21Cr17Fe7 and V55Ti21Mn17Fe7 alloys and their ribbons were evaluated by pressure composition temperature tests. Their hydrogen absorption kinetic properties were studied through hydrogen absorption curves. The crystallographic structures and microstructure of these alloys and ribbons before hydrogen absorption and after hydrogen desorption PCT tests were identified by Xray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy analysis, respectively. Hydrogen storage characteristics of such materials were investigated by volumetric method using Sieverts type apparatus and gravimetric method with suspension balance.
1303.5112v1
2013-04-05
Magnetic properties of double exchange biased diluted magnetic alloy/ferromagnet/antiferromagnet trilayers
The magnetic properties of trilayers consisting of a diluted magnetic alloy, CuMn (Cu0.99Mn0.01), a soft ferromagnet, Py(Ni0.8Fe0.2), and an antiferromagnet, alpha-Fe2O3, were investigated. The samples, grown by UHV magnetron sputtering, were magnetically characterized in the temperature range T = 3-100 K. Typical exchange bias features, namely clear hysteresis cycle shifts and coercivity enhancements, were observed. Moreover the presence of an inverse bias, which had been already reported for spin glass-based structures, was also obtained in a well defined range of temperatures and CuMn thicknesses.
1304.1707v1
2013-07-09
Giant magnetostriction in Tb-doped Fe83Ga17 melt-spun ribbons
Giant magnetostriction is achieved in the slightly Tb-doped Fe83Ga17 melt-spun ribbons. The tested average perpendicular magnetostriction is -886 ppm along the melt-spun ribbon direction in the Fe82.89Ga16.88Tb0.23 alloy. The calculated parallel magnetostriction is 1772 ppm, more than 4 times as large as that of binary Fe83Ga17 alloy. The enhanced magnetostriction should be attributed to a small amount of Tb solution into the A2 matrix phase during rapid solidification. The localized strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Tb element is suggested to cause the giant magnetostriction.
1307.2385v1
2013-08-28
Microsegregation and dendritic growth mode of Al-5wt%Cu alloy based on non-equilibrium mush zone model
The microsegregation and dendritic growth mode of Al-5wt%Cu alloy was investigated. In the early solidification stage, the crystal growth mode of interrupted growth and periodic boundary trapping will happen, which results in the segregationless dendritic grains. Microsegregation only exists at the final solidification stage with extremely tiny residual melt fraction. In the tiny residual melt zone, the diffusion of solute from the enriched boundary layer to the residual melt and the convergence of enriched boundaries produce the final microsegregation.
1308.6034v2
2013-12-31
Tuning Magnetic Properties Polycrystalline of PtCo Alloys Films with Pt
We experimentally investigated disordered PtxCo1-x (here x: 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6) alloy thin films magnetic properties which depended on Pt content. The magnetic properties of PtCo films were described with two effects, one of them is the hybridization between Co 3d and Pt 5d energy levels and it causes Pt magnetic polarization. The second one is the high spin orbit coupling constant of Pt which increases the ratio of magnetic orbital moment to spin moment. We investigated magnetic properties considering these effects by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) techniques.
1401.0227v2
2014-02-15
Flexibility of the quasi-non-uniform exchange-correlation approximation
In our previous study [Phys. Rev. B 86, 201104 (2012)] we introduced the so called quasi-non-uniform gradient-level exchange-correlation approximation (QNA) and demonstrated it's strength in producing highly accurate equilibrium volumes for metals and their alloys within the density-functional theory. In this paper we extend the scheme to include the accuracy of bulk modulus as an additional figure of merit and show that this scheme is flexible enough as to allow the computation of accurate equilibrium volumes and bulk moduli at the same time. The power and feasibility of this scheme is demonstrated on NiAl and FeV binary alloys.
1402.3671v1
2014-05-13
Simple metal and binary alloy phases based on the hcp structure: electronic origin of distortions and superlattices
Crystal structures of simple metals and binary alloy phases based on the close-packed hexagonal structure are analyzed within the model of Fermi sphere-Brillouin zone interactions to understand distortions and superlattices. Examination of the Brillouin-Jones configuration in relation to the nearly-free electron Fermi sphere for several representative phases reveals significance of the electron energy contribution to the phase stability. This approach may be useful for understanding high pressure structures recently found in compressed simple alkali and alkali-earth metals.
1405.3044v1
2014-07-21
Inclusion of intersite spatial correlations in the alloy analogy approach to the half-filled ionic Hubbard model
Using the nonlocal coherent-potential approximation we study the effect of intersite spatial correlations on the transition from band insulator to metal as well as from metal to Mott insulator in the "alloy analogy" approach to the paramagnetic solution of the half-filled ionic Hubbard model. We find that intersite spatial correlations enhance the metallic phase.
1407.5360v1
2014-07-22
Solid Solution Strengthening and Softening Due to Collective Nanocrystalline Deformation Physics
Solid solution effects on the strength of the finest nanocrystalline grain sizes are studied with molecular dynamics simulations of different Cu-based alloys. We find evidence of both solid solution strengthening and softening, with trends in strength controlled by how alloying affects the elastic modulus of the material. This behavior is consistent with a shift to collective grain boundary deformation physics, and provides a link between the mechanical behavior of very fine-grained nanocrystalline metals and metallic glasses.
1407.5933v1
2014-07-23
Characterisation of precipitates formed in high-pressure torsion treated Mg-3.4at.%Zn alloy
Microstructural analysis of a Mg-Zn alloy deformed at room temperature by high-pressure torsion (HPT) indicates that fine-scale precipitation occurs even without post-deformation heat treatment. Small-angle X-ray scattering detects precipitates with radii between 2.5-20 nm after one rotation, with little increase in particle size or volume fraction after 20 rotations. High resolution electron micrographs identify grain boundary precipitates of monoclinic Mg$_4$Zn$_7$ phase after three rotations and MgZn$_2$ after 20 rotations.
1407.6146v2
2014-08-19
Magnetoresistive property study of direct and indirect band gap thermoelectric Bi-Sb alloys
We report magnetoresistive properties of direct and indirect band gap Bismuth-Antimony (Bi-Sb) alloys. Band gap increases with magnetic field. Large positive magnetoresistance (MR) approaching to 400 % is observed. Low field MR experiences quadratic growth and at high field it follows a nearly linear behavior without sign of saturation. Carrier mobility extracted from low field MR data, depicts remarkable high value. Correlation between MR and mobility is revealed. We demonstrate that the strong nearly linear MR at high field can be well understood by classical method, co-build by Parish and Littlewood.
1408.4305v1
2014-11-10
Magnetism of sigma-phase Fe-Mo alloys: its revealing and characterization
A low-temperature magnetism was revealed in a series of sigma-Fe(100-x)Mo(x) alloys (x=45-53). Its characterization has been done using vibrating sample magnetometry, M\"ossbauer spectroscopy, and ac magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic ordering temperature was determined to lie in the range of 46 K for x=45 and 22K for x=53, and the ground magnetic state was found to be typical of a spin-glass.
1411.2446v1
2014-12-12
Magnetism of sigma-phase Fe-Mo alloys: ac magnetic susceptibility study
A series of four sigma-Fe(100-x)Mo(x) samples was investigated with ac magnetic susceptibility measurements. An evidence was found that the ground magnetic state of the samples is constituted by a spin glass (SG) with the spin glass temperature ranging between ca. 34K for x=47 and ca. 16K for x=53. The SG state is heterogeneous and it can be divided into a weak-irreversibility and a strong-irreversibility domains. Its figures of merit are typical of metallic (canonical) spin glasses.
1412.4078v1
2015-05-22
A combinatorial approach for studying the effect of Mg concentration on precipitation in an Al-Cu-Li alloy
We apply a combinatorial approach to study the influence of Mg concentration on the precipitation kinetics in an Al-Cu-Li alloy using a diffusion couple made by linear friction welding. The precipitation kinetics is monitored in the composition gradient material using simultaneous space and time-resolved in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering measurements during ageing, and the strengthening of the precipitates is evaluated by micro-hardness profiles. This data provides an evaluation of the amount of Mg necessary to promote precipitation of the T1-Al2CuLi phase.
1505.06126v1
2015-06-09
Weak crystallization theory of metallic alloys
We extend the Weak Crystallization theory to the case of metallic alloys. The additional ingredient -- itinerant electrons -- generates nontrivial dependence of free energy on the angles between ordering wave vectors of ionic density. That leads to stabilization of FCC, Rhombohedral, and icosahedral quasicrystalline (iQC) phases, which are absent in the generic theory with only local interactions. The condition for stability of iQC that we find, is consistent with the Hume-Rothery rules known empirically for majority of stable iQC; namely, the length of the primary Bragg peak wavevector is approximately equal to the diameter of the Fermi surface.
1506.03077v1
2015-08-12
A sharp interface evolutionary model for shape memory alloys
We show the existence of an energetic solution to a quasistatic evolutionary model of shape memory alloys. Elastic behavior of each material phase/variant is described by polyconvex energy density. Additionally, to every phase boundary, there is an interface-polyconvex energy assigned, introduced by M. \v{S}ilhav\'{y}. The model considers internal variables describing the evolving spatial arrangement of the material phases and a deformation mapping with its first-order gradients. It allows for injectivity and orientation-preservation of deformations. Moreover, the resulting material microstructures have finite length scales.
1508.02990v1
2015-09-15
Application of bond valence method in the non-isovalent semiconductor alloy (GaN)$_{1-x}$(ZnO)$_x$
This paper studies the bond valence method (BVM) and its application in the non-isovalent semiconductor alloy (GaN)$_{\rm{1-x}}$(ZnO)$_{\rm{x}}$. Particular attention is paid to the role of short-range order (SRO). A physical interpretation based on atomic orbital interaction is proposed and examined by density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Combining BVM with Monte-Carlo simulations and a DFT-based cluster expansion model, bond-length distributions and bond-angle variations are predicted. The correlation between bond valence and bond stiffness is also revealed. Finally the concept of bond valence is extended into the modelling of an atomistic potential.
1509.04678v2
2015-10-27
Evidence for a re-entrant character of magnetism of sigma-phase Fe-Mo alloys: non-linear susceptibilities
Non-linear ac magnetic susceptibility terms viz. quadratic, chi2, and cubic, chi3, were measured versus temperature and frequency for a series of the sigma-phase Fe(100-x)Mo(x) (47<x<53) compounds. Clear evidence was found that the ground magnetic state of the samples is mixed i.e. constituted by two phases: a spin glass (SG) and a ferromagnet (FM), hence the magnetism of the investigated samples can be regarded as re-entrant (RSG). Based on the present data, previously reported magnetic phase diagram has been upgraded [J. Przewoznik, S. M. Dubiel,J. Alloy. Comp., 630 (2015) 222].
1510.07811v1
2015-11-27
Effect of interstitial-driven lattice expansion on the stacking fault energy in austenitic steels
Interstitials (carbon and nitrogen) are crucial alloying elements for optimizing the mechanical performance of the twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels in terms of the stacking fault energy (SFE). First-principles calculations have been performed to study the effect of interstitial-induced lattice expansion on the SFE. Comparing the predictions with the SFEs measured for alloys containing C and N, our results suggest that the dominant effect of these interstitials on the SFE is due to the lattice expansion effect.
1511.08620v1
2016-03-31
Using Alloy to Formally Model and Reason About an OpenFlow Network Switch
Openflow provides a standard interface for separating a network into a data plane and a programmatic control plane. This enables easy network reconfiguration, but introduces the potential for programming bugs to cause network effects. To study OpenFlow switch behavior, we used Alloy to create a software abstraction describing the internal state of a network and its OpenFlow switches. This work is an attempt to model the static and dynamic behaviour a network built using OpenFlow switches.
1604.00060v1
2016-10-14
Tungsten doping of Ta3N5-Nanotubes for Band Gap Narrowing and Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Efficiency
Ordered W-doped Ta2O5 nanotube arrays were grown by self-organizing electrochemical anodization of TaW alloys with different tungsten concentrations and by a suitable high temperature ammonia treatment, fully converted to W:Ta3N5 tubular structures. A main effect found is that W doping can decrease the band gap from 2 eV (bare Ta3N5) down to 1.75 eV. Ta3N5 nanotubes grown on 0.5 at% W alloy and modified with (CoOH)x as co-catalyst show ~33% higher photocurrents in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting than pure Ta3N5.
1610.04379v1
2016-10-23
Development of Yttrium alloy ion source and its application in nanofabrication
We present a new YAuSi Liquid Metal Alloy Ion Source (LMAIS), generating focused ion beams of yttrium ions, and its prospective applications for nanofabrication, sample preparation, lithographic and implantation processes. Working parameters of the AuSiY LMAIS are similar to other gold-silicon based LMAIS. We found anomalously high emission current of triple charged Yttrium ions. Influence of Yttrium implantation on optical qualities of the implanted ion-ensembles is shown in luminescence of co-implanted Erbium ions.
1610.07166v1
2016-10-26
Distribution of Cr atoms in a strained and strain-relaxed Fe89.15Cr10.75 alloy: Mössbauer effect study
A Fe89.15Cr10.75 alloy in a heavily strained (by cold rolling) and strain-relaxed states was studied by means of the conversion electrons M\"ossbauer spectroscopy (CEMS). Analysis of the spectra in terms of a two-shell model revealed significant differences between the studied samples, in particular, in values of the hyperfine field, a distribution of Cr atoms within the first two neighbor-shells, the latter was expressed in terms of the short-range order parameters, and in the magnetic texture.
1610.08237v1
2018-01-04
Quantitative aspects of the rigidity of branching microstructures in shape memory alloys via H-measures
We quantify the rigidity of branching microstructures in shape memory alloys undergoing cubic-to-tetragonal transformations in the geometrically linearized theory by making use of Tartar's H-measures. The main result is a $B^{2/3}_{1,\infty}$-estimate for the characteristic functions of twins, which heuristically suggests that the larger-scale interfaces can cluster on a set of Hausdorff-dimension $3-\frac{2}{3}$. We provide evidence indicating that the dimension is optimal. Furthermore, we get an essentially local lower bound for the blow-up behavior of the limiting energy density close to a habit plane.
1801.01338v1
2018-03-03
Nickel Titanium Alloy failure analysis under thermal cycling and mechanical Loading: A Preliminary Study
The electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) technique can consider as a new tool for electrochemical corrosion monitoring. The calculation of corrosion rate with a non-destructive and rapid technique is a necessity to study corrosion behavior of metals under loading and thermal cycling. NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) is characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and uniaxial tensile testing. The corrosion behavior and reliability of technique have been examined for NiTi sample in artificial physiological solution. The results show the sensitivity of EFM technique to temperature and base frequencies.
1803.01110v1
2018-06-07
Alloying-induced topological transition in 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors
Research on two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs) is obstructed due to the lack of feasible approaches to growing 2D TIs in experiments. Through systematic first-principles calculations and tight-binding simulations, we propose that alloying Os in 2D MoX2 (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers is an effective approach to inducing semiconductor-to-TI transitions, with sizable nontrivial gaps of 25-37 meV. Analysis of the electronic structures reveals that the topological property mainly originates from the 5d orbitals of the Os atom. Furthermore, the TI gaps can be modulated by external biaxial strain.
1806.02503v2
2018-09-11
Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals as anode of lithium ion battery
In this paper, Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal alloy was used as anode material of lithium-ion batteries. The first specific discharge capacity of quasicrystal was 204mAh/g. Cyclic voltammetry showed that oxidation peak of Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal was at about 1.4V. The reduction peak was at 0.3V. Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal have higher Li-ion diffusion impedance and Warburg in the first cycle. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrate that Li atom enter into quasicrystal structure can not fully leave quasicrytal during first charge/discharge cycle which induce the irreversible capacity.
1809.03667v1
2018-09-28
Thermal resistance of GaN/AlN graded interfaces
Compositionally graded interfaces in power electronic devices eliminate dislocations, but they can also decrease thermal conduction, leading to overheating. We quantify the thermal resistances of GaN/AlN graded interfaces of varying thickness using ab initio Green's functions, and compare them with the abrupt interface case. A non-trivial power dependence of the thermal resistance versus interface thickness emerges from the interplay of alloy and mismatch scattering mechanisms. We show that the overall behavior of such graded interfaces is very similar to that of a thin-film of an effective alloy in the length scales relevant to real interfaces.
1809.11046v2
2017-04-04
Continuum model for hydrogen pickup in Zirconium alloys of LWR fuel cladding
A continuum model for calculating the time-dependent hydrogen pickup fractions in various Zirconium alloys under steam and pressured water oxidation has been developed in this study. Using only one fitting parameter, the effective hydrogen gas partial pressure at the oxide surface, a qualitative agreement is obtained between the predicted and previously measured hydrogen pickup fractions. The calculation results therefore demonstrate that H diffusion through the dense oxide layer plays an important role in the hydrogen pickup process. The limitations and possible improvement of the model are also discussed.
1704.01201v1
2017-04-07
Hysteresis Behaviors of the Binary Ising Model
Hysteresis behaviors of the binary alloy system represented by the formula $A_c B_{1-c}$ have been investigated within the framework of EFT. The system consists of type A atoms (spin-$1$) with concentration $c$ and type B atoms (spin-$1/2$) with concentration $1-c$. After giving the phase diagrams, we focused on the different type of hysteresis behaviors in the system. Especially, the mechanisms giving rise to double hysteresis behavior have been explained, which appear at large negative values of the crystal field and low temperatures. It has been observed that binary alloy system could exhibit DH behavior in region $0<c<0.557$. Besides, dependence of hysteresis loop area, coercive field and remanent magnetization on the concentration has been investigated.
1704.02140v1
2017-04-21
The Effects of Rolling Deformation and Annealing Treatment on Damping Capacity of 1200 Aluminium Alloy
Annealing treatment is an important step of rolling deformation that contributes to microstructural evolution and leads to the significant changes in damping capacity. Damping capacities were analyzed in the parallel to rolling direction at 1 and 10 Hz respectively. It was found that severe plastic deformation at 40 percent reduction has lower damping capacity compared to that of 30 percent and 20 percent reductions respectively. The microstructural results show that the grains of as rolled alloys were changed to almost equiaxed structures after a rolling reduction at 40 percent reduction.
1704.07362v1
2017-05-31
Collisions in shape memory alloys
We present here a model for instantaneous collisions in a solid made of shape memory alloys (SMA) by means of a predictive theory which is based on the introduction not only of macroscopic velocities and temperature, but also of microscopic velocities responsible of the austenite-martensites phase changes. Assuming time discontinuities for velocities, volume fractions and temperature, and applying the principles of thermodynamics for non-smooth evolutions together with constitutive laws typical of SMA, we end up with a system of nonlinearly coupled elliptic equations for which we prove an existence and uniqueness result in the 2 and 3 D cases. Finally, we also present numerical results for a SMA 2D solid subject to an external percussion by an hammer stroke.
1705.11121v1
2018-10-18
Strengthening of copper by carbon nanotubes
The influence of a modifier based on multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is investigated using C11000 copper alloy. The influence of the modifier addition into the melt was investigated using tensile test, hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction method and microstructural investigations. It was evaluated that the yield and tensile strengths of the metal increased due to the microstructural changes in the formed metal after addition of 0.01wt.% of the MWCNTs. It was also evaluated that the addition of mentioned amount of MWCNT into alloy has no influence to the phase composition of the formed metal.
1810.08019v1
2019-01-06
Enhanced magnetic ordering in Sm metal under extreme pressure
The dependence of the magnetic ordering temperature To of Sm metal was determined through four-point electrical resistivity measurements to pressures as high as 150 GPa. A strong increase in To with pressure is observed above 85 GPa. In this pressure range Sm ions alloyed in dilute concentration with superconducting Y exhibit giant Kondo pair breaking. Taken together, these results suggest that for pressures above 85 GPa Sm is in a highly correlated electron state, like a Kondo lattice, with an unusually high value of To. A detailed comparison is made with similar results obtained earlier on Nd, Tb and Dy and their dilute magnetic alloys with superconducting Y.
1901.01563v1
2019-07-24
Chemical complexity in high entropy alloys: A pair-interaction perspective
The recently proposed pair-interaction model is applied to study a series of refractory high entropy alloys. The results demonstrate the simplicity, robustness, and high accuracy of this model in predicting the configuration energies of NbMoTaW, NbMoTaWV and NbMoTaWTi. The element-element pair interaction parameters obtained from the linear regression of first-principle data provide a new perspective to understand the strengthening mechanism in HEAs, as revealed by comparing the effects of adding vanadium and titanium. Using the pair-interaction model, an expression for the intrinsic energy fluctuation is derived, which provides guidance on both theoretical modeling and first principles calculation.
1907.10223v1
2012-09-21
Multicolour wavelength-tunable lasing from a single bandgap-graded alloy nanoribbon
Tunable lasing from 578 nm to 640 nm is observed from a single CdSSe bandgap-graded alloy nanoribbon, by selecting the excited spot at room temperature. Though reabsorption is a serious problem to achieve lasing at short wavelength, multiple scatters on the nanoribbon form localized cavities, and thus realize lasing at different wavelengths. By increasing the excitation area, we also observe multicolour lasing from the same nanoribbon simultaneously.
1209.4704v1
2012-09-27
Unique Truncated Cluster Expansions for Materials Design via Subspace Projection and Fractional Factorial Design
For alloy thermodynamics, we obtain unique, physical effective cluster interactions (ECI) from truncated cluster expansions (CE) via subspace-projection from a complete configurational Hilbert space; structures form a (sub)space spanned by a locally complete set of cluster functions. Subspace-projection is extended using Fractional Factorial Design with subspace "augmentation" to remove systematically the ECI linear dependencies due to excluded cluster functions - controlling convergence and bias error, with a dramatic reduction in the number of structural energies needed. No statistical fitting is required. We illustrate the formalism for a simple Hamiltonian and Ag-Au alloys using density-functional theory.
1209.6176v1
2014-06-30
Influence of model asymmetry on kinetic pathways in binary Fe-Cu alloy: a kinetic Monte Carlo study
A kinetic Monte Carlo simulations with model asymmetry in binary Fe-Cu alloy leading to the same microstructure are presented. A method based on thermodynamic data for calculation of interatomic potentials dependent on model asymmetry is presented and evaluated. Results show that kinetic pathways are sensitive to model asymmetry and are compared to the classical growth and coarsening theories. Experimental diffusion data is used and compared to simulation results to determine a realistic combination for simulations.
1406.7839v2
2018-01-13
Electrochemical and mechanical behaviors of dissimilar friction stir welding between 5086 and 6061 aluminum alloy
The electrochemical behavior and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA5086 and AA6061 Al alloys were investigated. Micro-hardness measurements and tensile tests showed that the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in AA6061 had minimum hardness value (i.e., 88 HV) and served as failure site in the dissimilar weld. Corrosion testing revealed that the minimum value of Icorr appeared in the HAZ 5086 (0.54 uA/cm2) and HAZ 5086 was most resistant to corrosion. The AA 5086 side of the weld showed better corrosion resistance than the AA 6061 side.
1802.03460v1
2018-02-16
The mechanisms of hot salt stress corrosion cracking in titanium alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo
Hot salt stress corrosion cracking in Ti 6246 alloy has been investigated to elucidate the chemical mechanisms that occur. Cracking was found to initiate beneath salt particles in the presence of oxidation. The observed transgranular fracture was suspected to be due to hydrogen charging; XRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy detected the presence of hydrides that were precipitated on cooling. SEM-EDS showed oxygen enrichment near salt particles, alongside chlorine and sodium. Aluminium and zirconium were also involved in the oxidation reactions. The role of intermediate corrosion products such as Na2TiO3, Al2O3, ZrO2, TiCl2 and TiH are discussed.
1802.06045v1
2018-08-15
On the characterisation of a hitherto unreported icosahedral quasicrystal phase in additively manufactured aluminium alloy AA7075
Aluminium alloy AA7075 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) specimens were prepared using selective laser melting, also known as powder bed fusion additive manufacturing. In the as-manufactured state, which represents a locally rapidly solidified condition, the prevalence of a previously unreported icosahedral quasicrystal with 5-fold symmetry was observed. The icosahedral quasicrystal, which has been termed nu-phase, was comprised of Zn, Cu and Mg.
1808.05033v1
2018-08-31
On the miscibility gap at 800 K in the Fe-Cr alloy system
Issues pertinent to the miscibility gap at 800K in a Fe73.7Cr26.3 alloy viz. the kinetics of the phase decomposition and borders of the latter were investigated by means of the M\"ossbauer-effect spectroscopy. The kinetics was revealed to well follow the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolgomarov equation testifying to a nucleation and growth mechanism underlying the decomposition. A solubility limit of Cr in the Fe matrix was determined to be 17.3(6) at.% and that of Fe in the Cr matrix was found as equal to 18.5(9) at.%. The results obtained have been compared with various theoretical predictions.
1808.10763v1
2020-04-27
Temperature dependence of the anomalous Nernst effect in Ni$_{2}$MnGa shape memory alloy
We report a detailed investigation of the Ni$_{2}$MnGa shape memory alloy through magnetic, electronic, and thermal measurements. Our measurements of the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) reveal that this technique is very sensitive to the onset of the pre-martensitic transition in sharp contrast to other transport measurements. With the ANE being sensitive to changes at the Fermi surface, we infer on the link between the structural modulations and the modulation of the Fermi surface via its nesting features, with the magnetic field induced strain being the mediating mechanism.
2004.12562v1
2021-03-12
Incorporation of Si atoms into CrCoNiFe high-entropy alloy: a DFT study
Density functional theory based computational study has been conducted in order to investigate the effect of substitution of Cr and Co components by Si on the structure, mechanical, electronic, and magnetic properties of the high entropy alloy CrCoNiFe. It is found that the presence of a moderate concentration of Si substitutes (up to 12.5 %) does not significantly reduce the structural and mechanical stability of CrCoNiFe while it may modify its electronic and magnetic properties. Based on that, Si is proposed as a cheap and functional material for partial substitution of Cr or Co in CrCoNiFe.
2103.07322v1
2022-02-12
Spin-orbit driven terahertz optical response in ferromagnetic Fe-Co-Al alloys
We study the magneto-optical properties of Fe-Co-Al ordered alloys in the terahertz range of frequencies. We find that magnetism can modify the reflection of light from these magnets and that this modification strongly depends on the frequency of incoming light in the terahertz range. For example, we find that below 10~THz Co$_3$Al has nearly constant $\sigma_{xy}$ and that above 10~THz it is reduced by about 50 times. Furthermore, we find a strong dependence of $\sigma_{xy}$ on chemical composition. For example, we find that the addition of Al to Fe changes the sign of $\sigma_{xy}$, while the addition of Co to Fe leads to non-monotonic dependence of $\sigma_{xy}$ on Co-concentration.
2202.05997v1
2016-12-08
First-principles study on the magnetic properties of ordered Nd$_{6}$(Fe,Ga)$_{14}$ alloys
We studied the stable magnetic structure of ordered Nd$_{6}$Fe$_{14-x}$Ga$_x$ ($x = 0, 1)$ alloys, which appears in the grain-boundary (GB) phase of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, using first-principles techniques. Slight Ga doping ($x = 1$) was shown to contribute to the stabilization of an anti-ferromagnetic (AF) state, whereas the non-doped case ($x = 0$) was revealed to favor ferromagnetic state rather than AF state with a slight energy difference.
1612.02633v3
2016-12-11
Accurate representation of formation energies of crystalline alloys with many components
In this paper I propose a new model for representing the formation energies of multicomponent crystalline alloys as a function of atom types. In the cases when displacements of atoms from their equilibrium positions are not large, the proposed method has a similar accuracy as the state-of-the-art cluster expansion method, and a better accuracy when the fitting dataset size is small. The proposed model has only two tunable parameters - one for the interaction range and one for the interaction complexity.
1612.03359v2
2018-04-07
A new ab initio modeling scheme for ion self-diffusion coefficient applied for ε-Cu3Sn phase of Cu-Sn alloy
We present a new modeling scheme for ion self-diffusion coefficient, which broadens the applicable scope of ab initio approach. The essential concepts of the scheme are `domain division' and `coarse graining' of the diffusion network based on the barrier energies predicted by the ab initio calculation. The scheme was applied to evaluate Cu ion self-diffusion coefficient in {\epsilon}-Cu3Sn phase of Cu-Sn alloy, which is a typical system having long-range periodicity. The model constructed with the scheme successfully reproduces the experimental values in a wide temperature range.
1804.02535v2
2018-04-09
Superconductivity in REO0.5F0.5BiS2 with high-entropy-alloy-type blocking layers
We synthesized new REO0.5F0.5BiS2 (RE: rare earth) superconductors with the high-entropy-alloy-type (HEA-type) REO blocking layers. According to the RE concentration and the RE ionic radius, the lattice constant of a systematically changed in the HEA-type samples. A sharp superconducting transition was observed in the resistivity measurements for all the HEA-type samples, and the transition temperature of the HEA-type samples was higher than that of typical REO0.5F0.5BiS2. The sharp superconducting transition and the enhanced superconducting properties of the HEA-type samples may indicate the effectiveness of the HEA states of the REO blocking layers in the REO0.5F0.5BiS2 system.
1804.02880v2
2019-03-18
Morphology, ordering, stability, and electronic structure of carbon-doped hexagonal boron nitride
We present theoretical studies of morphology, stability, and electronic structure of monolayer hexagonal CBN alloys with rich content of h-BN and carbon concentration not exceeding 50 %. Our studies are based on the bond order type of the valence force field to account for the interactions between atomic constituents and Monte Carlo method with Metropolis algorithm to establish equilibrium distribution of atoms over the lattice. We find out that the phase separation into graphene and h-BN domains occurs in the majority of growth conditions. Only in N-rich growth conditions, it is possible to obtain quasi uniform distribution of carbon atoms over boron sublattice. We predict also that the energy gap in stoichiometric C$_x$(BN)$_{1-x}$ alloys exhibits extremely strong bowing.
1903.07357v1
2019-03-19
Exchange Interaction in Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$Alloys: XPS Study
In this paper, high Fe-concentration Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$ alloys were investigated using high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) down to 10K temperature. The Fe 2s core level exhibits three features, two low binding features corresponding to exchange interaction between ionized 2s core level and the unpaired 3d electrons. The high binding energy feature corresponds to the screening of 2s core hole by 4s conduction electrons. Our studies suggest high local magnetic moments on Fe sites.
1903.08227v3
2019-05-03
Prospects to attain room temperature superconductivity
With a generic model for the electron-phonon spectral density, two simple expressions are derived to estimate the transition temperature and gap-to-temperature ratio in conventional superconductors. They entail that on average the numerical value of the phonon exchange factor, $\lambda$, is limited to 2.67, so that room temperature superconductivity may be attained only with a Debye temperature of about 1800 K or higher, in materials that may or may not involve hydrogen. They also show that a Be-Pb alloy may become a superconductor at $\sim$44 K.
1905.01367v2
2019-12-03
Thermomechanical model for NiTi-based shape memory alloys covering macroscopic localization of martensitic transformation
The work presents a thermomechanical model for polycrystalline NiTi-based shape memory alloys developed within the framework of generalized standard solids, which is able to cover loading-mode dependent localization of the martensitic transformation. The key point is the introduction of a novel austenite-martensite interaction term responsible for strain-softening of the material. Mathematical properties of the model are analyzed and a suitable regularization and a time-discrete approximation for numerical implementation to the finite-element method are proposed. Model performance is illustrated on two numerical simulations: tension of a superelastic NiTi ribbon and bending of a superelastic NiTi tube.
1912.01356v1
2019-12-16
Synthesis of Electron- and Hole-Doped Bulk BaFe2As2 Superconductors by Mechanical Alloying
Here, we report the successful synthesis of electron- (Ni) and hole- (K) doped bulk BaFe2As2 compounds by means of mechanical alloying (MA) process. The MA technique allows one to obtain amorphous phase BaFe2As2 with a homogeneous distribution of doping atoms at room temperature without continuous heating. We found the optimum time for high-energy milling is in the range between 1-1.5 hours. Using pre-synthesised FeAs and NiAs precursors, we successfully obtained BaFe2-xNixAs2 and Ba1-xKxFe2As2 superconducting bulk samples after short-range heat treatment. This method can be easily scaled according to industrial needs to provide high-quality bulk superconducting material for wires, trapped field magnets and other applications.
1912.07264v1
2020-06-03
Localized pore evolution assisted densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-5wt.%Mo alloy
The present work reports the role of different atomic mobility induced localized pore evolution on densification during spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline W-Mo alloy powder. The shrinkage (or expansion) behavior of cold compacted milled powders was studied using dilatometry during non-isothermal sintering up to 1600 {\deg}C. Subsequently, the milled powders were densified to ~95% relative density using spark plasma sintering up to 1600 {\deg}C. The enhanced localized Joule heating due to dynamically evolved porous structure could be attributed for the densification during spark plasma sintering.
2006.02340v1
2020-07-22
Magnetocaloric properties of the binary Ising model with arbitrary spin
The magnetocaloric properties of the Ising binary alloys composed of arbitrary spin values, have been determined by using effective field theory. For determining the efficiency of the magnetocaloric effect in binary alloy, the quantities of interest such as isothermal magnetic entropy change and refrigerant capacity have been calculated for various values of spin and concentration. It is shown that, by changing the concentration we can tune the magnetocaloric performance. Also, it has been shown that greater refrigerant capacity can be obtained for intermediate concentration values, in comparison with the limiting concentration values.
2007.11310v1
2020-09-01
Solute softening and vacancy generation by diffusion-less climb in magnesium alloys
Active room temperature diffusion-less climb of the <a> edge dislocations in model Mg-Al alloys was observed using molecular dynamics simulations. Dislocations on prismatic and pyramidal I planes climb through the basal plane to overcome solute obstacles. This out-of-plane dislocation motion softens the high resistance pyramidal I glide and significantly reduces the anisotropy of dislocation mobility, and could help improve the ductility of Mg. The flow stress scales linearly with solute concentration, cAl. Dislocations climb predominantly in the negative direction, with climb angle on the order of 0.01cAl, producing very high vacancy concentration on the order of 10-4.
2009.00656v1
2020-11-24
Hysteresis Characteristics of Generalized Spin-S Magnetic Binary Alloys
In this study, hysteresis characteristics of the generalized spin-S binary alloy represented by the formula $A_c B_{1-c}$ have been investigated within the framework of effective field approximation. The binary system consists of type A (spin-S) and type B (spin-S) atoms which are randomly distributed on a honeycomb lattice. Both integer and half-integer spin models of two magnetic atom types are examined. By detailed investigation on hysteresis loops, multiple hysteresis behaviors are obtained for a given set of Hamiltonian parameters. Besides, the quantities of hysteresis characteristics as the hysteresis loop area, remanent magnetization, and coercive field have been investigated as functions of concentration.
2011.12337v1
2020-11-23
Non rectification of heat in graded Si-Ge alloys
We investigate the possibility to obtain a thermal diode with functionally graded Si-Ge alloys. A wire with variable section is considered. After the introduction of a formula giving the thermal conductivity of the wire as a function of the species content and of the diameter of the wire, numerical and analytical results are presented supporting the impracticability to get a thermal diode with the characteristics here considered. However, the present study opens the way to further generalisations amenable to give applicative promising results.
2012.03668v1
2021-04-14
The Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect and Beyond
The chapter presents the problem of the complexity of plastic flow in alloys, which is manifested by serrated deformation curves and transient plastic strain localizations. This phenomenon uncovers an inherently collective nature of the dynamics of crystal defects. The chapter discusses the state-of-the art of this research under the angle of distinct regimes of collective dislocation dynamics found in conventional, basically binary alloys, e.g., self-organized criticality, deterministic chaos, or synchronization. It concludes with the formulation of diverse open questions, notably concerning manifestations of the collective dislocation dynamics pertaining to finer scales of plastic deformation processes, as compared to the macroscopic plastic instability.
2104.07018v1
2021-05-27
Experimental validation of density functional theory calculations on the Zr/Al oxide nanocluster formation in bcc Fe
Ab initio simulations carried out in different atomic cluster configurations in bcc Fe matrix containing Zr and Al suggest energetic favorability of Y-Zr-O phase nucleation, preferably with trigonal Y4Zr3O12 structure. Subsequently, the HRTEM investigation of the as-prepared Fe - 14 Cr-0.3 Y2O3 - 0.6 Zr - 4Al oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy shows 78% of precipitates with Y4Zr3O12 structure, thereby confirming the predictive power of ab initio simulations on the secondary formation in multi-component alloys.
2105.12963v2
2021-08-14
Deformed Special Relativity using a Generalized 't Hooft-Nobbenhuis Complex Transformation
A generalized form of 't Hooft-Nobbenhuis Complex space-time Transformation is applied on momentum space from which a new model of Deformed Special Relavity at Planck Scale is proposed. The model suggests an energy-dependent Planck's "constant" that vary in space and time and Quantum Mechanics as a low-energy approximation of perhaps a more fundamental theory at Planck Scale.
2108.06474v2
2021-09-06
Deep Convolutional Generative Modeling for Artificial Microstructure Development of Aluminum-Silicon Alloy
Machine learning which is a sub-domain of an Artificial Intelligence which is finding various applications in manufacturing and material science sectors. In the present study, Deep Generative Modeling which a type of unsupervised machine learning technique has been adapted for the constructing the artificial microstructure of Aluminium-Silicon alloy. Deep Generative Adversarial Networks has been used for developing the artificial microstructure of the given microstructure image dataset. The results obtained showed that the developed models had learnt to replicate the lining near the certain images of the microstructures.
2109.06635v1
2021-09-17
Fabricacion de un magnetron sputtering para deposito de peliculas nanometricas magneticas
This paper presents the development of scientific instrumentation for the fabrication of ferromagnetic thin films, by sputtering technique, for the use of 2-inch-diameter targets. Thin films were deposited using Permalloy alloy (Ni80Fe20) as ferromagnetic material at room temperature on Si (001) substrates. The film thicknesses were measured with profilometry and a deposition rate for this alloy of 16.2 nm/min was calculated. Scanning electron microscopy showed a continuous film formation and a chemical composition similar to the target
2109.08649v1
2021-10-09
The design of quaternary eutectic solder by machine learning
In this paper, we obtain a Sn-Bi-In-Pb quaternary near eutectic alloy composition from machine learning model. The eutectic points and the alloy composition were evaluated and continuously improved by experimental input. The actual composition is near the result given by machine learning. We conclude that the application of machine learning in solder design has shown the potential to overcome the challenge in searching for the next generation eutectic solders, which will have a broad impact on the industry.
2110.04529v1
2022-09-23
Microstructural Pattern Formation during Far-from-Equilibrium Alloy Solidification
We introduce a new phase-field formulation of rapid alloy solidification that quantitatively incorporates nonequilibrium effects at the solid-liquid interface over a very wide range of interface velocities. Simulations identify a new dynamical instability of dendrite tip growth driven by solute trapping at velocities approaching the absolute stability limit. They also reproduce the formation of the widely observed banded microstructures, revealing how this instability triggers transitions between dendritic and microsegregation-free solidification. Predicted band spacings agree quantitatively with observations in rapidly solidified Al-Cu thin films.
2209.11352v2
2022-09-28
Systematic development of polynomial machine learning potentials for metallic and alloy systems
Machine learning potentials (MLPs) developed from extensive datasets constructed from density functional theory (DFT) calculations have become increasingly appealing for many researchers. This paper presents a framework of polynomial-based MLPs, called polynomial MLPs. The systematic development of accurate and computationally efficient polynomial MLPs for many elemental and binary alloy systems and their predictive powers for various properties are also demonstrated. Consequently, many polynomial MLPs are available in a repository website. The repository will help many scientists perform accurate and efficient large-scale atomistic simulations and crystal structure searches.
2209.13823v1
2022-10-03
Extra electron reflections in concentrated alloys do not necessitate short-range order
In many concentrated alloys of current interest, the observation of diffuse superlattice intensities by transmission electron microscopy has been attributed to chemical short-range order. We briefly review these findings and comment on the plausibility of widespread interpretations, noting the absence of expected peaks, conflicts with theoretical predictions, and the possibility of alternative explanations.
2210.01277v2
2022-12-05
Interaction models and configurational entropies of binary MoTa and the MoNbTaW high entropy alloy
We introduce a simplified method to model the interatomic interactions of high entropy alloys based on a lookup table of cluster energies. These interactions are employed in replica exchange Monte Carlo simulations with histogram analysis to obtain thermodynamic properties across a broad temperature range. Kikuchi's Cluster Variation Method entropy formalism and high temperature series expansions are applied to directly calculate entropy from statistics on short- and long-range chemical order, and we discuss the convergence of the entropy as clusters of differing size are included.
2212.02470v1