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47
2006-08-03
The intergalactic propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei
We investigate the propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei (A = 1-56) from cosmologically distant sources through the cosmic radiation backgrounds. Various models for the injected composition and spectrum and of the cosmic infra-red background are studied using updated photo-disintegration cross-sections. Th...
0608085v4
2006-08-16
Pinning Down Gravitational Settling
We analyse high-resolution archival UVES data of turnoff and subgiant stars in the nearby globular cluster NGC 6397 ([Fe/H] = -2). Balmer-profile analyses are performed to derive reddening-free effective temperatures. Due to the limited S/N and uncertainties related to blaze removal, we find the data quality insufficie...
0608338v1
2006-08-16
Sensitivity of p-Process Nucleosynthesis to Nuclear Reaction Rates in a 25 Solar Mass Supernova Model
The astrophysical p process, which is responsible for the origin of the proton rich stable nuclei heavier than iron, was investigated using a full nuclear reaction network for a type II supernova explosion when the shock front passes through the O/Ne layer. Calculations were performed with a multi-layer model adopting ...
0608341v1
2006-08-31
Galactic chemical evolution: Carbon through Zinc
We calculate the evolution of heavy element abundances from C to Zn in the solar neighborhood adopting our new nucleosynthesis yields. Our yields are calculated for wide ranges of metallicity (Z=0-Z_\odot) and the explosion energy (normal supernovae and hypernovae), based on the light curve and spectra fitting of indiv...
0608688v1
2006-09-01
Oxygen abundances in the Galactic Bulge: evidence for fast chemical enrichment
AIMS: We spectroscopically characterize the Galactic Bulge to infer its star formation timescale, compared to the other Galactic components, through the chemical signature on its individual stars. METHODS: We derived iron and oxygen abundances for 50 K giants in four fields towards the Galactic bulge. High resolution...
0609052v2
2006-09-06
The Supernova -- Gamma-Ray Burst Connection
Observations show that at least some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) happen simultaneously with core-collapse supernovae (SNe), thus linking by a common thread nature's two grandest explosions. We review here the growing evidence for and theoretical implications of this association, and conclude that most long-duration soft-sp...
0609142v1
2006-09-14
The Formation of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B
Recent timing observations of the double pulsar J0737-3039A/B have shown that its transverse velocity is extremely low, only 10 km/s, and nearly in the Plane of the Galaxy. With this new information, we rigorously re-examine the history and formation of this system, determining estimates of the pre-supernova companion ...
0609416v2
2006-09-19
On the Origin of the Type Ia Supernova Width-Luminosity Relation
Brighter Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have broader, more slowly declining B-band light curves than dimmer SNe Ia. We study the physical origin of this width-luminosity relation (WLR) using detailed radiative transfer calculations of Chandrasekhar mass SN Ia models. We find that the luminosity dependence of the diffusion...
0609540v1
2006-09-23
Theoretical aspects of relativistic spectral features
The inner parts of black-hole accretion discs shine in X-rays which can be monitored and the observed spectra can be used to trace strong gravitational fields in the place of emission and along paths of light rays. This paper summarizes several aspects of how the spectral features are influenced by relativistic effects...
0609645v1
2006-09-27
The XMM-Newton RGS spectrum of the high luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509
We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray spectrum of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509 taken with the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer. An underlying power-law continuum and three warm absorber phases provide a good fit to the data along with a number of broad and narrow emission lines. Our three war...
0609746v1
2006-09-29
On SN 2003fg: The Probable Super-Chandrasekhar-Mass SN Ia
Howell et al. have reported the discovery of SN Ia SN 2003fg (SNLS-03D3bb) and conclude that SN 2003fg is very likely a super-Chandrasekhar-mass SN Ia perhaps with a mass of order 2 solar masses. Their work is the first strong evidence that has been presented for a super-Chandrasekhar SN Ia. We have performed an analys...
0609804v3
2006-10-13
r-Process Enhanced Halo Stars
Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations provide insight into the nature of the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy -- the progenitors of the halo stars -- responsible for neutron-capture ...
0610412v1
2006-10-27
Computation of the Fourier parameters of RR Lyrae stars by template fitting
Due to the importance of accurate Fourier parameters, we devise a method that is more appropriate for deriving these parameters on low-quality data than the traditional Fourier fitting. Based on the accurate light curves of 248 fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars, we test the power of a full-fetched implementation of the t...
0610823v1
2006-11-01
Amplification and variability of the AGN X-ray emission due to microlensing
We consider the contribution of microlensing to the AGN Fe K$\alpha$ line and X-ray continuum amplification and variation. To investigate the variability of the line and X-ray continuum, we studied the effects of microlensing on quasar X-ray spectra produced by crossing of a microlensing pattern across a standard relat...
0611016v1
2006-11-23
Two Disk Components from a Gas Rich Disk-Disk Merger
We employ N-body, smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations, including detailed treatment of chemical enrichment, to follow a gas-rich merger which results in a galaxy with disk morphology. We trace the kinematic, structural and chemical properties of stars formed before, during, and after the merger. We show that s...
0611748v1
2006-11-28
XMM-Newton study of 0.012<z<0.024 groups. I: Overview of the IGM thermodynamics
We study the thermodynamic properties of the hot gas in a sample of groups in the 0.012-0.024 redshift range, using XMM-Newton observations. We present measurements of temperature, entropy, pressure and iron abundance. Non-parametric fits are used to derive the mean properties of the sample and to study dispersion in t...
0611846v2
2006-11-28
The Two-dimensional XMM-Newton Group Survey: z<0.012 groups
We present the results of the 2-dimensional XMM-Newton Group Survey (2dXGS), an archival study of nearby galaxy groups. In this paper we consider eleven nearby systems (z<0.012) in Mulchaey et al. (2003), which span a broad range in X-ray luminosity from 10^40 to 10^43 ergs/s. We measure the iron abundance and temperat...
0611858v1
2006-12-12
Search for narrow energy-shifted lines in XMM-Newton AGN spectra
The detection of X-ray narrow spectral features in the 5-7 keV band is becoming increasingly more common in AGN observations, thanks to the capabilities of current X-ray satellites. Such lines, both in emission and in absorption, are mostly interpreted as arising from Iron atoms. When observed with some displacement fr...
0612317v1
2006-12-15
Non-LTE Models for Neutron Star Atmospheres and Supernova-Fallback Disks
We describe our recent progress in modeling supernova-fallback disks and neutron star (NS) atmospheres. We present a first detailed spectrum synthesis calculation of a SN-fallback disk composed of iron. We assume a thin disk with a radial structure described by the alpha-disk model. The vertical structure and emissio...
0612425v1
2006-12-28
Heating of Heavy Ions by Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (ICME) Driven Collisionless Shocks
Shock heating and particle acceleration processes are some of the most fundamental physical phenomena of plasma physics with countless applications in laboratory physics, space physics, and astrophysics. This study is motivated by previous observations of non-thermal heating of heavy ions in astrophysical shocks (Korre...
0612767v1
2007-01-05
Ruling out a massive-assymptoic giant-branch star as the progenitor of supernova 2005cs
We calculate the predicted UBVRIJHK absolute magnitudes for models of supernova progenitors and apply the result to the case of supernova 2005cs. We agree with previous results that the initial mass of the star was of low, around 6 to 8 M(sun). However such stars are thought to go through second dredge-up to become AGB...
0701152v1
2007-01-07
Modeling the X-ray fractional variability spectrum of Active Galactic Nuclei using multiple flares
Using Monte-Carlo simulations of X-ray flare distributions across the accretion disk of active galactic nuclei (AGN), we obtain modeling results for the energy-dependent fractional variability amplitude. Referring to previous results of this model, we illustrate the relation between the shape of the point-to-point frac...
0701164v1
2007-01-07
Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays as heavy nuclei from cluster accretion shocks
Large-scale accretion shocks around massive clusters of galaxies, generically expected in the cold dark matter scenario of cosmological structure formation, are shown to be plausible sources of the observed ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) by accelerating a mixture of heavy nuclei including the iron group elements...
0701167v3
2007-01-14
Interstellar Iron and Silicon Depletions in Translucent Sight Lines
We report interstellar FeII and SiII column densities toward six translucent sight lines (A_V >~ 1) observed with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). The abundances were determined from the absorption of SiII] at 2335 Angstroms, and several weak Fe transitions including the first reported detections of the...
0701408v1
2007-01-19
Exploring the X-ray spectral variability of MCG-6-30-15 with XMM-Newton
We present a study of the spectral variability of the Seyfert I galaxy MCG-6-30-15 based on the two long XMM-Newton observations from 2000 and 2001. The X-ray spectrum and variability properties of the 2001 data have previously been well described with a two-component model consisting of a variable power law and a much...
0701567v1
2007-01-20
The origin of the ankle
The differential intensity of cosmic radiation shows a sequence of depressions referred to as "knees" in a large energy band above 10^15 eV. The global depression entailed in the complete spectrum with respect to the extrapolated intensity based on low energy data amounts to a maximum factor of 8, occurring at 5 x 10^1...
0701593v1
2007-01-23
INTEGRAL Observations of the Vela Region Focusing on Vela X-1
The Vela region has been observed for 1.7 Ms in November 2005 by the INTEGRAL satellite. We present preliminary spectral and temporal results of Vela X-1, an eclipsing neutron star hosted in a wind-accreting high-mass X-ray binary system. Using data from ISGRI, SPI and JEM-X, we firmly confirm the existence of cyclotro...
0701641v1
2007-01-26
First ground based measurement of atmospheric Cherenkov light from cosmic rays
A recently proposed novel technique for the detection of cosmic rays with arrays of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes is applied to data from the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). The method relies on the ground based detection of Cherenkov light emitted from the primary particle prior to its first int...
0701766v1
2007-03-10
Constraining global parameters of accreting black holes by modeling magnetic flares
We present modeling results for the reprocessed radiation expected from magnetic flares above AGN accretion disks. Relativistic corrections for the orbital motion of the flare and for the curved space-time in the vicinity of the black hole are taken into account. We investigate the local emission spectra, as seen in a ...
0703240v1
2007-03-14
Absorption Measure Distribution of the Outflow in IRAS 13349+2438: Direct Observation of Thermal Instability?
We analyze the Chandra X-ray spectrum obtained with the HETGS grating spectrometer of IRAS 13349+2438, which has one of the richest absorption spectra of a quasar outflow. Absorption from almost all charge states of Fe is detected. This allows for a detailed reconstruction of the absorption measure distribution (AMD), ...
0703351v1
2007-03-14
Delayed detonations in full-star models of Type Ia supernova explosions
Aims: We present the first full-star three-dimensional explosion simulations of thermonuclear supernovae including parameterized deflagration-to-detonation transitions that occur once the flame enters the distributed burning regime. Methods: Treating the propagation of both the deflagration and the detonation waves in ...
0703378v1
2007-03-19
Stokes diagnostics of simulated solar magneto-convection
We present results of synthetic spectro-polarimetric diagnostics of radiative MHD simulations of solar surface convection with magnetic fields. Stokes profiles of Zeeman-sensitive lines of neutral iron in the visible and infrared spectral ranges emerging from the simulated atmosphere have been calculated in order to st...
0703490v1
2007-03-22
Statistical methods applied to composition studies of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays
The mass composition of high energy cosmic rays above $10^{17}$ eV is a crucial issue to solve some open questions in astrophysics such as the acceleration and propagation mechanisms. Unfortunately, the standard procedures to identify the primary particle of a cosmic ray shower have low efficiency mainly due to large f...
0703582v1
1993-05-11
Electronic Structure and Bonding in Epitaxially Stabilized Cubic Iron Silicides
We present an ab initio full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FLAPW) study of the structural and electronic properties of the two bulk unstable compounds FeSi (CsCl structure) and FeSi$_2$ (CaF$_2$ structure) which have recently been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111). We obtain equilibrium bulk latti...
9305007v1
1994-06-06
Volume Effect in the Landau Theory of Martensitic Phase Transitions in Cubic Crystals
An effect of the volume change upon proper ferroelastic (martensitic) phase transitions in cubic crystals is considered. Corresponding terms in the Ginzburg-Landau expansion of the Gibbs free energy are analyzed for the first- as well as second-order phase transitions from cubic to tetragonal lattice under the action o...
9406030v2
1995-08-26
Magnetic Properties of Epitaxial and Polycrystalline Fe/Si Multilayers
Fe/Si multilayers with antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling have been grown via ion-beam sputtering on both glass and single-crystal substrates. High-angle x-ray diffraction measurements show that both sets of films have narrow Fe peaks, implying a large crystallite size and crystalline iron silicide spacer layers. Lo...
9508117v1
1995-12-18
Soft X-ray Fluorescence Study of Buried Silicides in Antiferromagnetically Coupled Fe/Si Multilayer
Soft x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has been employed to obtain information about the Si-derived valence band states of Fe/Si multilayers. The valence band spectra are quite different for films with and without antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling, demonstrating that these multilayers have different silicide...
9512126v1
1996-09-11
Exchange Coupling Between Iron Layers Separated by BCC Copper
The exchange coupling between Fe layers separated by BCC Cu is calculated for Fe/Cu/Fe (001) trilayers. It is shown that the coupling is basically regulated by three extrema of the bulk BCC Cu Fermi surface. The contributions from those extrema are all of the same order of magnitude, but that associated with the ``bell...
9609104v1
1997-06-04
Monte Carlo Simulation of Magnetization Reversal in Fe Sesquilayers on W(110)
Iron sesquilayers grown at room temperature on W(110) exhibit a pronounced coercivity maximum near a coverage of 1.5 atomic monolayers. On lattices which faithfully reproduce the morphology of the real films, a kinetic Ising model is utilized to simulate the domain-wall motion. Simulations reveal that the dynamics is d...
9706036v2
1998-01-07
Monte Carlo simulation of magnetization reversal via domain-wall motion in Fe sesquilayers on W(110)
Iron sesquilayers are ultrathin films with coverages between one and two atomic monolayers. They consist of an almost defect-free monolayer with compact islands of a second atomic layer on top. This variation of the film thickness results in a strong interaction between domain walls and the island structure. It makes t...
9801052v1
1998-04-03
First principles simulations of liquid Fe-S under Earth's core conditions
First principles electronic structure calculations, based upon density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation and ultra-soft Vanderbilt pseudopotentials, have been used to simulate a liquid alloy of iron and sulfur at Earth's core conditions. We have used a sulfur concentration of $\approx 12 %...
9804035v1
1998-05-10
Assisted Tunneling in Ferromagnetic Junctions and Half-Metallic Oxides
Different mechanisms of spin-dependent tunneling are analyzed with respect to their role in tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR). Microscopic calculation within a realistic model shows that direct tunneling in iron group systems leads to about a 30% change in resistance, which is close but lower than experimentally observed ...
9805114v1
1998-07-14
The hematite (alpha-Fe_2 O_3) (0001) surface: evidence for domains of distinct chemistry
Using spin-density functional theory we investigated various possible structures of the hematite (0001) surface. Depending on the ambient oxygen partial pressure, two geometries are found to be particularly stable under thermal equilibrium: one being terminated by iron and the other by oxygen. Both exhibit huge surface...
9807202v1
1998-08-08
The Influence of the Bulk Density on the Intergranular Properties of YBa2Cu3-xFexOy (0<x<0.01) Ceramics
The influence of the bulk density of YBa2Cu3-xFexOy (0 < x < 0.01) ceramics on the intergranular superconducting (SC) properties was studied using the temperature dependence of AC magnetic susceptibility measurements. It was found that the simultaneous variation of the sample's density and the iron impurity concentrati...
9808086v1
1998-10-28
Interplay of Chemical Bonding and Magnetism in Fe_4N, Fe_3N, Fe_2N
Using spin density functional theory we have carried out a comparative study of chemical bonding and magnetism in Fe_4N, Fe_3N and Fe_2N. All of these compounds form close packed Fe lattices, while N occupies octahedral interstitial positions. High spin fcc Fe and hypothetical FeN with rock salt structure have been inc...
9810383v1
1998-12-16
Superconducting and Magnetic Properties of Nb/Pd_1-xFe_x/Nb Triple Layers
The superconducting and magnetic properties of Nb/Pd_1-xFe_x/Nb triple layers with constant Nb layer thickness d_Nb=200 A and different interlayer thicknesses are investigated. The thickness dependence of the magnetization and of the superconducting transition temperature shows that for small iron concentration x the P...
9812278v1
1999-11-24
Kinetics of moisture absorption in mixtures for iron foundry
The moisture absorption in granulated materials used in foundry technologies is analyzed. The absorption process has a diffusive behavior mainly. A simple experimental technique, in which the wet weight increment was recorded as the experimental parameter and an analytic method with computing procedure to find the para...
9911400v1
2000-04-18
Metallic and nonmetallic double perovskites: A case study of A$_2$FeReO$_6$ (A= Ca, Sr, Ba)
We have investigated the structure and electronic properties of ferrimagnetic double perovskites, A2FeReO6 (A= Ca, Sr, Ba). The A=Ba phase is cubic (Fm3m) and metallic, while the A=Ca phase is monoclinic (P21/n) and nonmetallic. 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy shows that iron is present mainly in the high-spin (S=5/2) Fe...
0004315v1
2000-05-05
Analysis of Dislocation Mechanism for Melting of Elements: Pressure Dependence
In the framework of melting as a dislocation-mediated phase transition we derive an equation for the pressure dependence of the melting temperatures of the elements valid up to pressures of order their ambient bulk moduli. Melting curves are calculated for Al, Mg, Ni, Pb, the iron group (Fe, Ru, Os), the chromium group...
0005118v1
2000-05-29
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Febr2
Electronic and magnetic (e-m) properties of FeBr2 have been surprisingly well described as originating from the Fe2+ ions and their fine electronic structure. The fine electronic structure have been evaluated taking into account the spin-orbit (s-o) coupling, crystal-field and inter-site spin-dependent interactions. Th...
0005502v1
2000-08-08
Influence of carbon and nitrogen on electronic structure and hyperfine interactions in fcc iron-based alloys
Carbon and nitrogen austenites, modeled by Fe8N and Fe8C superstructures are studied by full-potential LAPW method. Structure parameters, electronic and magnetic properties as well as hyperfine interaction parameters are obtained. Calculations prove that Fe-C austenite can be successfully modeled by ordered Fe8C supers...
0008129v1
2000-11-23
Magnetization in Molecular Iron Rings
The organometallic ring molecules Fe_6 and Fe_10 are leading examples of a class of nanoscopic molecular magnets, which have been of intense recent interest both for their intrinsic magnetic properties and as candidates for the observation of macroscopic quantum coherent phenomena. Torque magnetometry experiments have ...
0011403v1
2001-01-31
Langevin Simulation of Thermally Activated Magnetization Reversal in Nanoscale Pillars
Numerical solutions of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert micromagnetic model incorporating thermal fluctuations and dipole-dipole interactions (calculated by the Fast Multipole Method) are presented for systems composed of nanoscale iron pillars of dimension 9 nm x 9 nm x 150 nm. Hysteresis loops generated under sinusoidally...
0101477v2
2001-09-28
Density functional simulation of small Fe nanoparticles
We calculate from first principles the electronic structure, relaxation and magnetic moments in small Fe particles, applying the numerical local orbitals method in combination with norm-conserving pseudopotentials. The accuracy of the method in describing elastic properties and magnetic phase diagrams is tested by comp...
0109540v2
2001-10-09
Decay of spin-Peierls state in CuGeO3:Fe. The case of a strong disorder
Influence of doping by iron impurity on spin-Peierls state in CuGeO3 is studied. ESR measurements for the frequency/temperature domain 60-450 GHz/ 1.8-300 K and specific heat data obtained for the interval 6-20 K show that insertion of 1% of Fe completely destroy both spin-Peierls and antiferromagnetic orders. Damping ...
0110177v1
2001-11-27
Complementary approaches to the ab initio calculation of melting properties
Several research groups have recently reported {\em ab initio} calculations of the melting properties of metals based on density functional theory, but there have been unexpectedly large disagreements between results obtained by different approaches. We analyze the relations between the two main approaches, based on ca...
0111510v1
2001-12-03
Electron correlation effects and ferromagnetism in Iron
Electron correlation effects in Fe are analyzed using a first principles LCAO-scheme. In our approach, we first use a local orbital DFT-LDA solution to introduce a Hubbard Hamiltonian without fitting parameters. In a second step, we introduce a many-body solution to this Hamiltonian using a DMF approximation. Our analy...
0112038v1
2001-12-07
Proton Spin Relaxation Induced by Quantum Tunneling in Fe8 Molecular Nanomagnet
The spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_{1}^{-1}$ and NMR spectra of $^1$H in single crystal molecular magnets of Fe8 have been measured down to 15 mK. The relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ shows a strong temperature dependence down to 400 mK. The relaxation is well explained in terms of the thermal transition of the iron state b...
0112111v1
2002-08-01
Magnetic shape-memory effects in La2-xSrxCuO4 crystals
The magnetic field affects the motion of electrons and the orientation of spins in solids, but it is believed to have little impact on the crystal structure. This common perception has been challenged recently by ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys, where the spin-lattice coupling is so strong that crystallographic axes ...
0208013v1
2002-08-12
Fe/V and Fe/Co (001) superlattices: growth, anisotropy, magnetisation and magnetoresistance
Some physical properties of bcc Fe/V and Fe/Co (001) superlattices are reviewed. The dependence of the magnetic anisotropy on the in-plane strain introduced by the lattice mismatch between Fe and V is measured and compared to a theoretical derivation. The dependence of the magnetic anisotropy (and saturation magnetisat...
0208229v1
2002-08-22
Spin fluctuations, electron-phonon coupling and superconductivity in near-magnetic elementary metals; Fe,Co,Ni and Pd
An investigation of possibilities for superconductivity mediated by spin fluctuations in some elementary metals is motivated by the recent discovery of superconductivity in the hcp high-pressure phase of iron. The electronic structure, the electron-phonon coupling ($\lambda_{ph}$) and the coupling due to spin-fluctua...
0208424v1
2002-08-30
Itinerant Ferromagnetism in the Periodic Anderson Model
We introduce a novel mechanism for itinerant ferromagnetism, based on a simple two-band model. The model includes an uncorrelated and dispersive band hybridized with a second band which is narrow and correlated. The simplest Hamiltonian containing these ingredients is the Periodic Anderson Model (PAM). Using quantum Mo...
0208604v1
2002-11-25
Calculation of thermal expansion coefficient of Fe/sub 3/Al with the addition of transition metal elements
The addition of transition metal elements can significantly modify physical properties of intermetalic compounds. We studied the influence of Molybdenum and Vanadium additives on thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of Fe/sub 3/Al and FeAl over the wide range of temperatures. The site preference of both transition metal...
0211569v1
2002-12-17
Anomalous temperature dependence of the dephasing time in mesoscopic Kondo wires
We present measurements of the magnetoconductance of long and narrow quasi one-dimensional gold wires containing magnetic iron impurities in a temperature range extending from $15 $mK to $4.2 $K. The dephasing rate extracted from the weak antilocalisation shows a pronounced plateau in a temperature region of $300 $mK -...
0212420v1
2003-01-22
Tunneling splitting of magnetic levels in Fe8 detected by 1H NMR cross relaxation
Measurements of proton NMR and the spin lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 in the octanuclear iron (III) cluster [Fe8(N3C6H15)6O2(OH)12][Br8 9H2O], in short Fe8, have been performed at 1.5 K in a powder sample aligned along the main anisotropy z axis, as a function of a transverse magnetic field (i.e., perpendicular to the m...
0301415v1
2003-02-13
Properties of superconducting MgB_2 wires: "in-situ" versus "ex-situ" reaction technique
We have fabricated a series of iron-sheathed superconducting wires prepared by the powder-in-tube technique from (MgB_2)_{1-x}:(Mg+2B)_x initial powder mixtures taken with different proportions, so that x varies from 0 to 1. It turned out that "ex-situ" prepared wire (x = 0) has considerable disadvantages compared to a...
0302249v1
2003-03-07
Macroscopic and Microscopic Investigation on the History Dependence of the Mechanical Behaviour of Powders
As an example for history dependent mechanical behaviour of cohesive powders experiments and computer simulations of uniaxial consolidation are compared. Some samples were precompacted transversally to the consolidation direction and hence had a different history. The experiments were done with two carbonyl iron powder...
0303132v1
2003-05-19
Andreev bound states in normal and ferromagnet/high-Tc superconducting tunnel junctions
Ag/BSCCO and Fe/Ag/BSCCO planar tunnel junctions were constructed in order to study experimentally the effect of an exchange potential on the spin polarized current transported through Andreev bound states appearing at the interface with a superconductor with broken time reversal pairing symmetry. The zero bias conduct...
0305446v1
2003-06-11
Electron Coherence in Mesoscopic Kondo Wires
We present measurements of the magnetoresistance of long and narrow quasi one-dimensional gold wires containing magnetic iron impurities. The electron phase coherence time extracted from the weak antilocalisation shows a pronounced plateau in a temperature region of 300 mK - 800 mK, associated with the phase breaking d...
0306276v1
2003-09-17
Iron and molybdenum valences in double-perovskite (Sr,Nd)2FeMoO6: electron-doping effect
Double perovskite, (Sr1-xNdx)2FeMoO6, was doped with electrons through partial substitution of divalent Sr by trivalent Nd (0 < x < 0.2). The Fe valence and the degree of B-site order were probed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. Replacing Sr by Nd increased the fraction of Fe and Mo atoms occupying wrong sites, i.e. ant...
0309394v1
2003-11-21
First-principle molecular dynamics with ultrasoft pseudopotentials: parallel implementation and application to extended bio-inorganic system
We present a plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential implementation of first-principle molecular dynamics, which is well suited to model large molecular systems containing transition metal centers. We describe an efficient strategy for parallelization that includes special features to deal with the augmented charge in the...
0311507v1
2004-01-28
Importance of Thermal Disorder on the Properties of Alloys: Origin of Paramagnetism and Structural Anomalies in Iron-Aluminum
The bcc-based Fe_{1-x}Al_{x} exhibit interesting magnetic and anomalous structural properties as a function of composition and sample processing conditions arising from thermal or off-stoichiometric chemical disorder, and, although well studied, these properties are not understood. In stoichiometric B2 FeAl, including ...
0401587v1
2004-01-30
Magnetoelectric Effects in Ferromagnetic Metal-Piezoelectric Oxide Layered Structures
Frequency dependence of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling is investigated in trilayers of ferromagnetic alloy and piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The ferromagnetic phases studied include permendur, a soft magnet with high magnetostriction, iron, nickel, and cobalt. Low frequency data on ME voltage coefficient ...
0401648v1
2004-04-15
Evidence for crossed Andreev reflection in superconductor-ferromagnet hybrid structures
We have measured the non-local resistance of aluminum-iron spin-valve structures fabricated by e-beam lithography and shadow evaporation. The sample geometry consists of an aluminum bar with two or more ferromagnetic wires forming point contacts to the aluminum at varying distances from each other. In the normal state ...
0404360v2
2004-04-27
Phase Separation in Li$_x$FePO$_4$ Induced by Correlation Effects
We report on a significant failure of LDA and GGA to reproduce the phase stability and thermodynamics of mixed-valence Li$_x$FePO$_4$ compounds. Experimentally, Li$_x$FePO$_4$ compositions ($0 \leq x \leq 1$) are known to be unstable and phase separate into Li FePO$_4$ and FePO$_4$. However, first-principles calculatio...
0404631v2
2004-05-02
Spin Dynamics and Multiple Reflections in Ferromagnetic Film in Contact with Normal Metal Layers
Spin dynamics of a metallic ferromagnetic film imbedded between normal metal layers is studied using the spin-pumping theory of Tserkovnyak et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 117601 (2002)]. The scattering matrix for this structure is obtained using a spin-dependent potential with quantum well in the ferromagnetic region. Ow...
0405020v1
2004-05-06
Theory of Metal-Insulator Transition in PrRu4P12 and PrFe4P12
All symmetry allowed couplings between the 4f^2-electron ground state doublet of trivalent praseodymium in PrRu4P12 and PrFe4P12 and displacements of the phosphorus, iron or ruthenium ions are considered. Two types of displacements can change the crystal lattice from body-centred cubic to simple orthorhombic or to simp...
0405127v1
2004-05-07
A linear response approach to the calculation of the effective interaction parameters in the LDA+U method
In this work we reexamine the LDA+U method of Anisimov and coworkers in the framework of a plane-wave pseudopotential approach. A simplified rotational-invariant formulation is adopted. The calculation of the Hubbard U entering the expression of the functional is discussed and a linear response approach is proposed tha...
0405160v1
2004-05-10
Self-assembly of iron nanoclusters on the Fe3O4(111) superstructured surface
We report on the self-organized growth of a regular array of Fe nanoclusters on a nanopatterned magnetite surface. Under oxidizing preparation conditions the (111) surface of magnetite exhibits a regular superstructure with three-fold symmetry and a 42 A periodicity. This superstructure represents an oxygen terminated ...
0405201v2
2004-06-24
Resonant magnetic X-ray scattering spectra in SDW Cr -- ab initio study -----
Using ab-initio band structure calculation based on the local density approximation, Cr K-edge resonant X-ray magnetic scattering spectra are analyzed in the spin density wave (SDW) state of chromium. We perform band structure calculation, assuming an ideal bcc lattice structure with the lattice constant observed at th...
0406576v1
2004-09-15
Effect of Nano Scale Fe Doping on Superconducting Properties of MgB2
Iron is an important sheath material for fabrication of MgB2 wires. However, the effect of Fe doping on the superconducting properties of MgB2 remains controversial. In this work, we present results of nano-scale Fe particle doping in to MgB2. The Fe doping experiments were performed using both bulk and thin film form....
0409408v1
2004-10-17
Low-temperature anomaly in heat capacity due to overlapping the spectrums in molecular crystals
Investigations of dynamic and thermodynamic properties for a molecular crystal tris-hexafluoroacetylacetonate-iron $Fe(O_2C_5HF_6)_3$ are presented. Heat capacity $C_p(T)$ has been measured by adiabatic calorimetry method in the temperature range $4.8-321 K$. An anomaly with a maximum at $T_c = 44.6 K$ has been discove...
0410428v1
2004-11-27
Point defect dynamics in bcc metals
We present an analysis of the time evolution of self-interstitial atom and vacancy (point defect) populations in pure bcc metals under constant irradiation flux conditions. Mean-field rate equations are developed in parallel to a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model. When only considering the elementary processes of defect ...
0411680v1
2004-12-23
Modeling truncated hemoglobin vibrational dynamics
We present a study on the near equilibrium dynamics of two small proteins in the family of truncated hemoglobins, developed under the framework of a Gaussian network approach. Effective beta carbon atoms are taken into account besides C-alphas for all residues but glycines in the coarse-graining procedure, without lead...
0412661v2
2005-02-23
Charge order in Fe2OBO3: An LSDA+U study
Charge ordering in the low-temperature monoclinic structure of iron oxoborate (Fe2OBO3) is investigated using the local spin density approximation (LSDA)+U method. While the difference between t_{2g} minority occupancies of Fe^{2+} and Fe^{3+} cations is large and gives direct evidence for charge ordering, the static "...
0502555v1
2005-03-07
Thermal enhancement of the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between Fe epilayers separated by a crystalline ZnSe spacer
We have put into evidence the existence of an antiferromagnetic coupling between iron epilayers separated by a ZnSe crystalline semiconductor. The effect has been observed for ZnSe spacers thinner than 4 nm at room-temperature. The coupling constant increases linearly with temperature with a constant slope of ~5.5x 10-...
0503148v1
2005-03-14
Gutzwiller-Correlated Wave Functions: Application to Ferromagnetic Nickel
Ferromagnetic Nickel is the most celebrated iron group metal with pronounced discrepancies between the experimental electronic properties and predictions of density functional theories. In this work, we show in detail that the recently developed multi-band Gutzwiller theory provides a very good description of the quasi...
0503332v1
2005-03-15
Direct evidence of the orbital contribution to the magnetic moment in AA'FeReO6 double perovskites
Spin and orbital magnetic moments of Re in AA'FeReO6 double perovskites (A,A' = Ba, Sr, Ca) have been directly probed employing XMCD spectroscopy at the Re L2,3-edges. A considerable orbital magnetic moment is observed in all the studied compounds despite octahedral coordination. Relative orbital to spin contribution p...
0503358v1
2005-04-13
Growth Mechanisms and Oxidation-Resistance of Gold-Coated Iron Nanoparticles
We report the chemical synthesis of Fe-core/Au-shell nanoparticles by a reverse micelle method, and the investigation of their growth mechanisms and oxidation-resistant characteristics. The core-shell structure and the presence of the Fe & Au phases have been confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, energy disper...
0504314v1
2005-04-26
Theoretical estimates for proton-NMR spin-lattice relaxation rates of heterometallic spin rings
Heterometallic molecular chromium wheels are fascinating new magnetic materials. We reexamine the available experimental susceptibility data on MCr7 wheels in terms of a simple isotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian for M=Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn and find in that FeCr7 needs to be described with an iron-chromium exchange that is d...
0504658v2
2005-07-06
Partially ferromagnetic electromagnet for trapping and cooling neutral atoms to quantum degeneracy
We have developed a compact partially ferromagnetic electromagnet to produce a Ioffe-Pritchard trap for neutral atoms. Our structure permits strong magnetic confinement with low power consumption. Compared to the previous iron-core electromagnet, it allows for easy compensation of remnant fields and very high stability...
0507129v2
2005-08-19
Spin-waves in antiferromagnetic single crystal LiFePO$_4$
Spin-wave dispersions in the antiferromagnetic state of single crystal LiFePO$_4$ were determined by inelastic neutron scattering measurements. The dispersion curves measured from the (010) reflection along both {\it a}$^\ast$ and {\it b}$^\ast$ reciprocal-space directions reflect the anisotropic coupling of the layere...
0508480v1
2005-08-27
Raman spectroscopy and field emission measurements on catalytically grown carbon nanotubes
We used microcontact printing to pattern a silicon surface with an iron-containing catalytic solution. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes were subsequently grown on the patterned areas by chemical vapor deposition at temperatures between 650 and 1000C. We demonstrate that the diameter of the catalytically grown multi-wall nan...
0508657v2
2005-09-14
Magnetic ordering in trigonal chain compounds
We present electronic structure calculations for the one-dimensional magnetic chain compounds Ca_3CoRhO_6 and Ca_3FeRhO_6. The calculations are based on density functional theory and the local density approximation. We use the augmented spherical wave (ASW) method. The observed alternation of low- and high-spin states ...
0509374v1
2005-10-27
High spin polarization in the ferromagnetic filled skutterudites KFe4Sb12 and NaFe4Sb12
The spin polarization of ferromagnetic alkali-metal iron antimonides KFe4Sb12 and NaFe4Sb12 is studied by point-contact Andreev reflection using superconducting Nb and Pb tips. From these measurements an intrinsic transport spin polarization Pt of 67% and 60% for the K and Na compound, respectively, is inferred which e...
0510736v1
2005-11-21
Electronic structure study by means of X-ray spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of the "ferric star" single molecule magnet
The electronic structure of the single molecule magnet system M[Fe(L)2]3*4CHCl3 (M=Fe,Cr; L=CH3N(CH2CH2O)2) has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, soft X-ray emission spectroscopy, and density functional calculations. There is good agreement between theoretical calculati...
0511522v2
2006-02-08
Investigation of the presence of charge order in magnetite by measurement of the spin wave spectrum
Inelastic neutron scattering results on magnetite (Fe3O4) show a large splitting in the acoustic spin wave branch, producing a 7 meV gap midway to the Brillouin zone boundary at q = (0,0,1/2) and E = 43 meV. The splitting occurs below the Verwey transition temperature, where a metal-insulator transition occurs simultan...
0602214v1
2006-02-15
A spin triplet supercurrent through the half-metallic ferromagnet CrO2
In general, conventional superconductivity should not occur in a ferromagnet, though it has been seen in iron under pressure. Moreover, theory predicts that the current is always carried by pairs of electrons in a spin singlet state, so conventional superconductivity decays very rapidly when in contact with a ferromagn...
0602359v1
2006-02-16
Ferromagnetic resonance in systems with competing uniaxial and cubic anisotropies
We develop a model for ferromagnetic resonance in systems with competing uniaxial and cubic anisotropies. This model applies to (i) magnetic materials with both uniaxial and cubic anisotropies, and (ii) magnetic nanoparticles with effective core and surface anisotropies; We numerically compute the resonance frequency a...
0602369v3
2006-02-18
Scaling Behavior of Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect
The scaling behavior of the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect is studied by deforming a substitutional alloy, Al-2.5%Mg and an interstitial alloy, low carbon steel (0.15%C, 0.33%Mn, 0.04%P, 0.05%S, 0.15%Si and rest Iron) at room temperature for a wide range of strain rates. To reveal the exact scaling nature, the time...
0602436v1