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2008-08-12
Magnetism Driven by Anion Vacancies in Superconducting $α$--FeSe$_{1-x}$
To study the microscopic electronic and magnetic interactions in the substoichiometric iron chalcogenide FeSe$_{1-x}$ which is observed to superconduct at x~1/8 up to $T_c$=27 K, we use first principles methods to study the Se vacancy in this nearly magnetic FeSe system. The vacancy forms a ferrimagnetic cluster of eig...
0808.1733v2
2008-08-13
Jet modification in 200 AGeV Au-Au collisions
The computation of hard processes in hadronic collisions is a major success of perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. The environment of heavy-ion collisions offers the opportunity to embed such hard processes into a soft medium which is created simultaneously and study the medium-induced modifications. On the level of s...
0808.1803v1
2008-08-13
Ranges of Atmospheric Mass and Composition of Super Earth Exoplanets
Terrestrial-like exoplanets may obtain atmospheres from three primary sources: Capture of nebular gases, degassing during accretion, and degassing from subsequent tectonic activity. Here we model degassing during accretion to estimate the range of atmospheric mass and composition on exoplanets ranging from 1 to 30 Eart...
0808.1909v1
2008-08-17
Spin Dynamics in Iron-based Layered Superconductor (La_{0.87}Ca_{0.13})FePO Revealed by ^{31}P and ^{139}La NMR Studies
We report ^{31}P and ^{139}La NMR studies of (La_{0.87}Ca_{0.13})FePO, which is a family member of the recently discovered superconductor LaFeAs(O_{1-x}F_x). In the normal state, Knight shift and $1/T_1T$ show that a Fermi-liquid state with moderate ferromagnetic fluctuations emerges below 30K. From 1/T_1T of ^{31}P ...
0808.2293v1
2008-08-20
Correlation effects of exchange splitting and coexistence of spin-density-wave and superconductivity in single crystalline Sr1-xKxFe2As2
The nature of spin-density wave and its relation with superconductivity are crucial issues in the newly discovered Fe-based high temperature superconductors. Particularly it is unclear whether the superconducting phase and spin density wave (SDW) are truly exclusive from each other as suggested by certain experiments. ...
0808.2738v1
2008-08-20
Superconducting Properties of Two-Orbital t-t'-J-J' Models
Motivated by the recent contradiction of the superconducting pairing symmetry in the angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) and the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data in the FeAs superconductors, we present the theoretical results on the phase diagram, the temperature dependent Fermi surfaces in normal state, ...
0808.2763v2
2008-08-21
High energy spin excitations in BaFe2As2
We report neutron scattering measurements of cooperative spin excitations in antiferromagnetically ordered BaFe2As2, the parent phase of an iron pnictide superconductor. The data extend up to ~100meV and show that the spin excitation spectrum is sharp and highly dispersive. By fitting the spectrum to a linear spin-wave...
0808.2836v2
2008-08-26
Impurity suppression of the critical temperature in the iron-based superconductors
We study the impurity suppression of the critical temperature $T_c$ of the FeAs superconductors theoretically based on the the $\pm$s-wave pairing state of a two band model. The effects of non-magnetic and magnetic impurities are studied with the $\mathcal{T}$-matrix approximation, which can continuously treat impurity...
0808.3473v2
2008-08-28
Orbital Selective Superconductivity in Two-Orbital Asymmetric t-J Models
We present the zero-temperature superconducting (SC) ground states of the two-orbital asymmetric $t-J$ model on a square lattice by means of the auxiliary-boson approach. Besides the two-gap SC phase, we find an orbital selective SC (OSSC) phase, which is simultaneously SC in one orbit and normal in another orbit. The ...
0808.3809v1
2008-09-02
Near-Infrared Photometry of Four Stellar Clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud
We present high-quality J, H and K photometry of four Small Magellanic Cloud stellar clusters with intermediate ages in the 1-7 Gyr range (namely NGC 339, 361, 416 and 419) . We obtained deep Color-Magnitude Diagrams to study the evolved sequences and providing a detailed census of the Red Giant Branch (RGB), Asymptoti...
0809.0495v1
2008-09-10
Kramers degeneracy in a magnetic field and Zeeman spin-orbit coupling in antiferromagnets
In this article, I analyze the symmetries and degeneracies of electron eigenstates in a commensurate collinear antiferromagnet. In a magnetic field transverse to the staggered magnetization, a hidden anti-unitary symmetry protects double degeneracy of the Bloch eigenstates at a special set of momenta. In addition to th...
0809.1893v3
2008-09-13
Chemical Abundances from the Continuum
The calculation of solar absolute fluxes in the near-UV is revisited, discussing in some detail recent updates in theoretical calculations of bound-free opacity from metals. Modest changes in the abundances of elements such as Mg and the iron-peak elements have a significant impact on the atmospheric structure, and the...
0809.2364v1
2008-09-15
Role of covalent Fe-As bonding in the magnetic moment formation and exchange mechanisms in iron-pnictide superconductors
The electronic origin of the huge magnetostructural effect in layered Fe-As compounds is elucidated using LiFeAs as a prototype. The crucial feature of these materials is the strong covalent bonding between Fe and As, which tends to suppress the exchange splitting. The bonding-antibonding splitting is very sensitive to...
0809.2586v3
2008-09-19
An ab-initio calculation of the core-level x-ray photoemission spectra -Fe 3s- and 1s-core levels-
We develop a method of the ab-initio calculation for the core-level x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). By calculating one-electron states in the presence of core-hole potential, excited states are constructed by distributing electrons on these one-electron states. The overlap integrals between the excited states a...
0809.3296v1
2008-09-23
Ab initio exchange interactions and magnetic properties of Gd2Fe17 iron sublattice: rhombohedral vs. hexagonal phases
In the framework of the LSDA+U method electronic structure and magnetic properties of the intermetallic compound Gd2Fe17 for both rhombohedral and hexagonal phases have been calculated. On top of that, ab initio exchange interaction parameters within the Fe sublattice for all present nearest and some next nearest Fe io...
0809.3905v2
2008-10-01
Anomalous behavior of the Debye temperature in Fe-rich Fe-Cr alloys
Debye temperature, $\Theta_D$, of Fe-rich Fe$_{100-x}$Cr$_x$ disordered alloys with $0\le x \le 22.3$ was determined from the temperature dependence of the central shift of M\"ossbauer spectra recorded in the temperature range of 60 -- 300 K. Its compositional dependence shows a maximum at $x \approx 5$ with a relative...
0810.0123v1
2008-10-01
Pressure effects on the electron-doped high Tc superconductor BaFe(2-x)Co(x)As(2)
Application of pressures or electron-doping through Co substitution into Fe sites transforms the itinerant antiferromagnet BaFe(2)As(2) into a superconductor with the Tc exceeding 20K. We carried out systematic transport measurements of BaFe(2-x)Co(x)As(2) superconductors in pressures up to 2.5GPa, and elucidate the in...
0810.0287v1
2008-10-01
NMR measurements of intrinsic spin susceptibility in LaFeAsO(0.9)F(0.1)
We will probe the intrinsic behavior of spin susceptibility chi_(spin) in the LaFeAsO(1-x)F(x) superconductor (x ~ 0.1, Tc ~ 27K) using 19-F and 75-As NMR techniques. Our new results firmly establish the pseudo-gap behavior with Delta_(PG)/kB ~ 140K. The estimated magnitude of chi_(spin) at 290K, ~1.8x10^(-4) [emu/mol-...
0810.0305v1
2008-10-06
Pairing State with a time-reversal symmetry breaking in FeAs based superconductors
We investigate the competition between the extended $s_{\pm}$-wave and $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave pairing order parameters in the iron-based superconductors. Because of the frustrating pairing interactions among the electron and the hole fermi pockets, a time reversal symmetry breaking $s+id$ pairing state could be favored. We...
0810.0887v3
2008-10-06
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy and Vortex Imaging in the Iron-Pnictide Superconductor BaFe$_{1.8}$Co$_{0.2}$As$_2$
We present an atomic resolution scanning tunneling spectroscopy study of superconducting BaFe$_{1.8}$Co$_{0.2}$As$_2$ single crystals in magnetic fields up to $9 \text{Tesla}$. At zero field, a single gap with coherence peaks at $\overline{\Delta}=6.25 \text{meV}$ is observed in the density of states. At $9 \text{T}$ a...
0810.1048v2
2008-10-08
Dielectric anomalies induced by different mechanisms in Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)1-xTixO3 single crystals
We investigated the dielectric properties of Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)1-xTixO3 single crystals below room temperature. Two dielectric anomalies were detected in sample A while only one was detected in sample B in the temperature range 90~300 K. A Debye-like relaxation with strong frequency dispersion was detected in both samples....
0810.1346v3
2008-10-08
Interband superconductivity: contrasts between BCS and Eliashberg theory
The newly discovered iron pnictide superconductors apparently present an unusual case of interband-channel pairing superconductivity. Here we show that, in the limit where the pairing occurs within the interband channel, several surprising effects occur quite naturally and generally: different density-of-states on the ...
0810.1476v1
2008-10-09
Muon-spin rotation study of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth of FeSe_0.85: evidence for nodeless superconductivity
The in-plane magnetic penetration depth \lambda_{ab} of the iron selenide superconductor with the nominal composition FeSe_0.85 was studied by means of muon-spin rotation. The measurements of \lambda_{ab}^{-2}(T) are inconsistent with the presence of nodes in the gap as well as with a simple isotropic s-wave type of th...
0810.1716v1
2008-10-09
Kondo decoherence: finding the right spin model for iron impurities in gold and silver
We exploit the decoherence of electrons due to magnetic impurities, studied via weak localization, to resolve a longstanding question concerning the classic Kondo systems of Fe impurities in the noble metals gold and silver: which Kondo-type model yields a realistic description of the relevant multiple bands, spin and ...
0810.1771v2
2008-10-10
Inverse Raman Scattering in Silicon
Stimulated Raman scattering is a well-known nonlinear process that can be harnessed to produce optical gain in a wide variety of media. This effect has been used to produce the first silicon-based lasers and high-gain amplifiers. Interestingly, the Raman effect can also produce intensity-dependent nonlinear loss throug...
0810.1939v1
2008-10-14
SrFeAsF as a parent compound for iron pnictide superconductors
We have successfully synthesized the fluo-arsenide SrFeAsF, a new parent phase with the ZrCuAsSi structure. The temperature dependence of resistivity and dc magnetization both reveal an anomaly at about T_{an} = 173 K, which may correspond to the structural and/or Spin-Density-Wave (SDW) transition. Strong Hall effect ...
0810.2475v2
2008-10-15
On the origin of microturbulence in hot stars
We present results from the first extensive study of convection zones in the envelopes of hot massive stars, which are caused by opacity peaks associated with iron and helium ionization. These convective regions can be located very close to the stellar surface. Recent observations of microturbulence in massive stars fr...
0810.2546v1
2008-10-17
Band Structure and Fermi Surface of an Extremely Overdoped Iron-Based Superconductor KFe2As2
We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on heavily overdoped KFe_2As_2 (transition temperature (Tc = 3 K). We observed several renormalized bands near the Fermi level with a renormalization factor of 2-4. While the Fermi surface (FS) around the Brillouin-zone center is qualitatively ...
0810.3047v1
2008-10-19
Cosmic Ray Results from the IceTop Air Shower Array
We report on the first results obtained with the IceTop air shower array on the cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition in the range of 1 PeV to 80 PeV. IceTop is the surface detector of the IceCube neutrino telescope currently under construction at the South Pole. A high sensitivity to the primary mass composi...
0810.3409v1
2008-10-20
Systematic ^{75}As NMR study of the dependence of low-lying excitations on F doping in the iron oxypnictide LaFeAs(O_{1-x}F_{x})
We report systematic $^{75}$As NMR studies on LaFeAs(O$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$) ($0\le x\le0.14$). At $x=0.04$ near the phase boundary, from resistivity, spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_1$, and NMR spectrum measurements, we found weak magnetic order at $T_N\simeq 30$ K. Antiferromagnetic (AFM) fluctuations proved through $1/T...
0810.3569v2
2008-10-23
The Age and Metallicity of the Bootes I System
We present Washington photometry of a field central to the Bootes I dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which was discovered as a stellar overdensity in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (DR5). We show that the Washington filters are much more effective than the Sloan filters in separating the metal-poor turn-off stars in the dwarf ga...
0810.4353v1
2008-10-25
Detection of Hard X-Rays from the Compton-Thick Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 2273 with Suzaku
We have obtained a broad-band spectrum of the Compton-thick Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 2273 with Suzaku. The spectrum reveals the first detection of hard X-rays above ~10 keV from NGC 2273. The broad-band spectrum is well represented by a three-component model, accompanied by both a strong iron Ka line with an equivalent wid...
0810.4570v1
2008-10-26
Development of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers for INO
The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) collaboration is planning to build a massive 50kton magnetised Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector, to study atmospheric neutrinos and to make precision measurements of the parameters related to neutrino oscillations. Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) of about 2m X 2m in size...
0810.4693v1
2008-10-27
Anisotropic itinerant magnetism and spin fluctuations in BaFe2As2: A neutron scattering study
Neutron scattering measurements were performed to investigate magnetic excitations in a single-crystal sample of the ternary iron arsenide BaFe2As2, a parent compound of a recently discovered family of Fe-based superconductors. In the ordered state, we observe low energy spin-wave excitations with a gap energy of 9.8(4...
0810.4790v2
2008-10-31
The minimum stellar metallicity observable in the Galaxy
The first stars fundamentally transformed the early Universe through their production of energetic radiation and the first heavy chemical elements. The impact on cosmic evolution sensitively depends on their initial mass function (IMF), which can be empirically constrained through detailed studies of ancient, metal-poo...
0811.0020v1
2008-10-31
Anisotropy, Itineracy, and Magnetic Frustration in High-Tc Iron Pnictides
Using first-principle density functional theory calculations combined with insight from a tight-binding representation, dynamical mean field theory, and linear response theory, we have extensively investigated the electronic structures and magnetic interactions of nine ferropnictides representing three different struct...
0811.0034v3
2008-11-05
Superconductivity at 56 K in Samarium-doped SrFeAsF
We synthesized the samples Sr$_{1-x}$Sm$_x$FFeAs with ZrCuSiAs-type structure. These samples were characterized by resistivity and susceptibility. It is found that substitution of rare earth metal for alkaline earth metal in this system suppresses the anomaly in resistivity and induces superconductivity. Superconductiv...
0811.0761v3
2008-11-06
Resolution-dependent mechanisms for bimodal switching-time distributions in simulated Fe nanopillars
We study the magnetization-switching statistics following reversal of the applied field for three separate computational models representing the same physical system, an iron nanopillar. The primary difference between the models is the resolution of the computational lattice and, consequently, the intrinsic parameters ...
0811.1028v1
2008-11-07
Substitution Effects on FeSe Superconductor
We have investigated the effect of atomic substitutions in the FeSe system, which exhibits the simplest crystal structure among the iron-based superconductors. An enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature Tc was observed with the substitution of S or Te for Se; the Tc increased with S substitution by up...
0811.1123v3
2008-11-10
Strong short-range magnetic order in a frustrated FCC lattice and its possible role in the iron structural transformation
We investigate magnetic properties of a frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice and exchange interactions between the nearest- and next-nearest neighbours, J1 and J2. In a collinear phase with the wave vector Q = (pi,pi,pi) the equations of the self-consistent spin-wave theory for...
0811.1472v1
2008-11-10
The XMM-Newton long look of NGC 1365: uncovering of the obscured X-ray source
We present an analysis of the extreme obscuration variability observed during an XMM-Newton 5-days continuous monitoring of the AGN in NGC 1365. The source was in a reflection-dominated state in the first ~1.5 days, then a strong increase of the 7-10 keV emission was observed in ~10 hours, followed by a symmetric decre...
0811.1594v2
2008-11-12
CERN-INO magical Beta-beam experiment: A high precision probe for neutrino parameters
This talk is an attempt to underscore in detail the physics reach of an experimental set-up where neutrinos produced in a beta-beam facility at CERN would be observed in the proposed large magnetized iron calorimeter detector (ICAL) at the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). The "magical" CERN-INO beta-beam set-up ...
0811.1822v1
2008-11-12
X-Ray Reflection Nebulae with Large Equivalent Widths of Neutral Iron Ka Line in the Sgr C Region
This paper reports on the first results of the Suzaku observation in the Sgr C region. We detected four diffuse clumps with strong line emission at 6.4keV, Ka from neutral or low-ionized Fe. One of them, M359.38-0.00, is newly discovered with Suzaku. The X-ray spectra of the two bright clumps, M359.43-0.07 and M359.47-...
0811.1830v1
2008-11-12
Bond analysis of cobalt and iron based skutterudites: elongated lanthanum bonds in LaFe4P12
Motivated by the possibility of further improving the thermoelectric properties of skutterudites we investigate charge transfer and bonding in this class of materials using density functional calculations. Results for the CoP3, CoSb3, LaFe4P12 and the hypothetical FeP3 compounds are presented using the procrystal as th...
0811.1889v1
2008-11-14
Metallicities for 13 nearby open clusters from high-resolution spectroscopy of dwarf and giant stars. Stellar metallicity, stellar mass, and giant planets
We present a study of accurate stellar parameters and iron abundances for 39 giants and 16 dwarfs in the 13 open clusters IC2714, IC4651, IC4756, NGC2360, NGC2423, NGC2447 (M93), NGC2539, NGC2682 (M67), NGC3114, NGC3680, NGC4349, NGC5822, NGC6633. The analysis was done using a set of high-resolution and high-S/N spectr...
0811.2392v1
2008-11-16
Solar neutrinos and the solar composition problem
Standard solar models (SSM) are facing nowadays a new puzzle: the solar composition problem. New determinations of solar metal abundances lead SSM calculations to conflict with helioseismological measurements, showing discrepancies that extend from the convection zone to the solar core and can not be easily assigned to...
0811.2424v1
2008-11-16
The Absence of Superconductivity in Single Phase CaFe2As2 under Hydrostatic Pressure
Recent high-pressure studies found that superconductivity can be achieved under very low pressure in the parent iron arsenide compound CaFe2As2, although details of the sharpness and temperature of transitions vary between liquid medium and gas medium measurements. To better understand this issue, we performed high-pre...
0811.2554v2
2008-11-19
The location and kinematics of the coronal-line emitting regions in AGN
We use the photoionisation code Cloudy to determine both the location and the kinematics of the optical forbidden, high ionisation line (hereafter, FHIL) emitting gas in the narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 564. The results of our models are compared with the observed properties of these emission lines to produce a phy...
0811.3204v1
2008-11-20
A critical re-examination of resonant soft x-ray Bragg forbidden reflections in magnetite
Magnetite, Fe$_3$O$_4$, displays a highly complex low temperature crystal structure that may be charge and orbitally ordered. Many of the recent experimental claims of such ordering rely on resonant soft x-ray diffraction at the oxygen K and iron L edges. We have re-examined this system and undertaken soft x-ray diffra...
0811.3350v2
2008-11-22
75As-NMR studies on La FeAsO1-xFx (x=0.14) under a pressure of 3GPa
75As-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on an iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO1-xFx (x=0.14) was performed under a pressure of 3GPa. Enhancement of superconducting transition temperature Tc was confirmed from the relaxation rate 1/T1; Tc goes up to 40K by applying pressure up to 3GPa. 1/T1T, which is temperature indepen...
0811.3672v3
2008-11-26
Ironing out primordial temperature fluctuations with polarisation: optimal detection of cosmic structure imprints
Secondary anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be detected by using the cross-correlation between the large-scale structure (LSS) and the CMB temperature fluctuations. In such studies, chance correlations of primordial CMB fluctuations with the LSS are the main source of uncertainty. We present a m...
0811.4433v2
2008-11-27
A unified theory for the cuprates, iron-based and similar superconducting systems: non-Fermi-liquid to Fermi-liquid crossover, low-energy and waterfall anomalies
A unified theory is outlined for the cuprates, Fe-based, and related superconductors. Their low-energy excitations are approached in terms of auxiliary particles representing combinations of atomic-like electron configurations, and the introduction of a Lagrange Bose field enables their treatment as bosons or fermions....
0811.4561v1
2008-11-27
Two-dimensional magnetism in the pnictide superconductor parent material SrFeAsF probed by muon-spin relaxation
We report muon-spin relaxation measurements on SrFeAsF, which is the parent compound of a newly discovered iron-arsenic-fluoride based series of superconducting materials. We find that this material has very similar magnetic properties to LaFeAsO, such as separated magnetic and structural transitions (TN = 120 K, Ts = ...
0811.4598v1
2008-11-30
Andreev Bound states as a phase sensitive probe of the pairing symmetry of the iron pnictide superconductors
A leading contender for the pairing symmetry in the Fe-pnictide high temperature superconductors is extended s-wave $s_\pm$, a nodeless state in which the pairing changes sign between Fermi surfaces. Verifying such a pairing symmetry requires a special phase sensitive probe that is also momentum selective. We show that...
0812.0015v1
2008-11-28
Small RNAs Establish Delays and Temporal Thresholds in Gene Expression
Non-coding RNAs are crucial regulators of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but it remains poorly understood how they affect the dynamics of transcriptional networks. We analyzed the temporal characteristics of the cyanobacterial iron stress response by mathematical modeling and quantitative experimental a...
0812.0025v1
2008-12-01
Near-degeneracy of several pairing channels in multiorbital models for the Fe-pnictides
Weak-coupling approaches to the pairing problem in the iron pnictide superconductors have predicted a wide variety of superconducting ground states. We argue here that this is due both to the inadequacy of certain approximations to the effective low-energy band structure, and to the natural near-degeneracy of different...
0812.0343v2
2008-12-04
Medium Effects in rho-Meson Photoproduction
We compute dilepton invariant mass spectra from the decays of rho mesons produced by photon reactions off nuclei. Our calculations employ a realistic model for the rho photoproduction amplitude on the nucleon which provides fair agreement with measured cross sections. Medium effects are implemented via an earlier const...
0812.0987v3
2008-12-09
Insular superconductivity in Co-doped iron pnictide CaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$AsF
The presence of macroscopic phase separation between the superconducting and magnetic phases in \cfcaf is demonstrated by muon spin rotation (muSR) measurements conducted across their phase boundaries (x=0.05-0.15). The magnetic phase tends to retain the high transition temperature (T_m > T_c), while Co-doping induces ...
0812.1670v3
2008-12-10
Disk reflection signatures in the spectrum of the bright Z-source GX 340+0
We present the preliminary results of a 50 ks long XMM-Newton observation of the bright Z-source GX 340+0. In this Letter we focus on the study of a broad asymmetric emission line in the Fe K alpha energy band, whose shape is clearly resolved and compatible with a relativistically smeared profile arising from reflectio...
0812.1974v1
2008-12-11
Full Gap Superconductivity in Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ Probed by Muon Spin Rotation
Superfluid density ($n_s$) in the mixed state of an iron pnictide superconductor Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ is determined by muon spin rotation for a sample with optimal doping ($x=0.4$). The temperature dependence of $n_s$ is perfectly reproduced by the conventional BCS model for s-wave paring, where the order pa...
0812.2069v2
2008-12-11
Impurity-induced in-gap state and Tc in sign-reversing s-wave superconductors: analysis of iron oxypnictide superconductors
The sign-reversing fully gapped superconducting state, which is expected to be realized in oxypnictide superconductors, can be prominently affected by nonmagnetic impurities due to the interband scattering of Cooper pairs. We study this problem based on the isotropic two-band BCS model: In oxypnictide superconductors, ...
0812.2100v2
2008-12-11
Quantum and classical structures in nondeterminstic computation
In categorical quantum mechanics, classical structures characterize the classical interfaces of quantum resources on one hand, while on the other hand giving rise to some quantum phenomena. In the standard Hilbert space model of quantum theories, classical structures over a space correspond to its orthonormal bases. In...
0812.2266v3
2008-12-15
Microscopic origin of pressure-induced phase transitions in iron-pnictide $AFe_2As_2$ superconductors: an {ab initio} molecular-dynamics study
Using {\it ab initio} molecular dynamics we investigate the electronic and lattice structure of $A$Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($A$=Ca, Sr, Ba) under pressure. We find that the structural phase transition (orthorhombic to tetragonal symmetry) is always accompanied by a magnetic phase transition in all the compounds, while the nature ...
0812.2920v3
2008-12-16
Anomalous Hall effect in granular ferromagnetic metals and effects of weak localization
We theoretically investigate the anomalous Hall effect in a system of dense-packed ferromagnetic grains in the metallic regime. Using the formalism recently developed for the conventional Hall effect in granular metals, we calculate the residual anomalous Hall conductivity $\sigma_{xy}$ and resistivity $\rho_{xy}$ and ...
0812.3085v2
2008-12-18
Observation of the Josephson effect in Pb/(Ba,K)Fe2As2 single crystal junctions
We have fabricated c-axis Josephson junctions on single crystals of (Ba,K)Fe2As2 by using Pb as the counter electrode in two geometries, planar and point contact. Junctions in both geometries show resistively shunted junction I-V curves below the Tc of the counter electrode. Microwave induced steps were observed in the...
0812.3605v2
2008-12-21
Suppression of antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in the collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements of CaFe2As2 under applied hydrostatic pressure show that the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations observed in the ambient pressure, paramagnetic, tetragonal (T) phase are strongly suppressed, if not absent, in the collapsed tetragonal (cT) phase. These results are consistent wit...
0812.4056v1
2008-12-22
Electronic structure of heavily electron-doped BaFe$_{1.7}$Co$_{0.3}$As$_2$ studied by angle-resolved photoemission
We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on heavily electron-doped non-superconducting (SC) BaFe$_{1.7}$Co$_{0.3}$As$_2$. We find that the two hole Fermi surface pockets at the zone center observed in the hole-doped superconducting Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ are absent or very sm...
0812.4111v3
2008-12-29
Superconducting properties of the oxygen-vacant iron oxyarsenide TbFeAsO1-x from underdoped to overdoped compositions
A wide-range doping was achieved by a high-pressure method for TbFeAsO1-x from "under doped" to "over doped" superconducting compositions throughout the optimized superconductivity (Tc of 44 K). Tc vs. lattice constant shows a dome-shaped feature, while Tc vs. the lattice constant likely follows a unique empirical curv...
0812.4907v2
2009-01-01
75As NMR Study of Hole-Doped Superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2 (Tc = 38K)
We report the 75As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement of the hole-doped superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2 with different lattice parameters and different superconducting volume fractions (Tc = 38K). 75As-NMR spectra revealed that the magnetically ordered and superconducting phases are microscopically separated. Th...
0901.0177v2
2009-01-02
Electronic structure and Magnetism in BaMn$_2$As$_2$ and BaMn$_2$Sb$_2$
We study the properties of ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure BaMn$_2$As$_2$ and BaMn$_2$Sb$_2$ using density functional calculations of the electronic and magnetic as well experimental measurements on single crystal samples of BaMn$_2$As$_2$. These materials are local moment magnets with moderate band gap antiferromagnetic semi...
0901.0272v2
2009-01-09
Fermi surface topology and low-lying quasiparticle structure of magnetically ordered Fe1+xTe
We report the first photoemission study of Fe1+xTe - the host compound of the newly discovered iron-chalcogenide superconductors. Our results reveal a pair of nearly electron- hole compensated Fermi pockets, strong Fermi velocity renormalization and an absence of a spin-density-wave gap. A shadow hole pocket is observe...
0901.1299v1
2009-01-11
Theory of tunnelling into a multi-band superconductor: decoherence and interference
By an exact formulation of tunnelling into a multi-band superconductor in terms of Green's functions, we demonstrate that the multi-band feature of the iron-based superconductors can lead to novel interference between Andreev reflections and decoherence effect of quasi-particles to Andreev reflections in a tunnelling j...
0901.1419v2
2009-01-14
Plasma focus based repetitive source of fusion neutrons and hard x-rays
A plasma focus device capable of operating at 0.2 pulses per second during several minutes is used as a source of hard x-rays and fast neutrons. An experimental demonstration of the use of the neutrons emissions for radiation probing of hydrogenated substances is presented, showing a particular application in detecting...
0901.2007v1
2009-01-16
Star Formation in HII Galaxies. Properties of the ionized gas
We propose a methodology to perform a self-consistent analysis of the physical properties of the emitting gas of HII galaxies adequate to the data that can be obtained with the XXI century technology. This methodology requires the production and calibration of empirical relations between the different line temperatures...
0901.2465v1
2009-01-19
NMR Studies on the Superconducting Symmetry of Iron Pnictide Systems
NMR longitudinal relaxation rates 1/T1 and Knight shifts K have been measured for superconducting samples of LaFe1-yCoyAsO1-xFx with y=0.0 and 0.0075 and for a nonsuperconducting metallic sample with y=0.1, where the x values are always fixed at 0.11. The temperature (T) dependence the relaxation rates 1/T1 of the supe...
0901.2830v1
2009-01-20
Broad relativistic iron emission line observed in SAX J1808.4-3658
During the September-October 2008 outburst of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658, the source was observed by both Suzaku and XMM-Newton approximately 1 day apart. Spectral analysis reveals a broad relativistic Fe K-alpha emission line which is present in both data-sets, as has recently been reported for ...
0901.3142v2
2009-01-21
Superconductivity up to 30 K in the vicinity of quantum critical point in BaFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$
We report bulk superconductivity induced by an isovalent doping of phosphorus in BaFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$. The P-for-As substitution results in shrinkage of lattice, especially for the FeAs block layers. The resistivity anomaly associated with the spin-density-wave (SDW) transition in the undoped compound is...
0901.3227v2
2009-01-26
RXTE confirmation of the intermediate polar status of IGR J15094-6649
Aims. To establish the X-ray properties of the intermediate polar candidate IGR J15094-6649 and therefore confirm its inclusion into the class. Methods. 42 856 s of X-ray data from RXTE was analysed. Frequency analysis was used to constrain temporal variations and spectral analysis used to characterise the emission a...
0901.3983v1
2009-01-28
Chemical evolution of the galactic bulge: single and double infall models
Recent work has produced a wealth of data concerning the chemical evolution of the galactic bulge, both for stars and nebulae. Present theoretical models generally adopt a limited range of such constraints, frequently using a single chemical element (usually iron), which is not enough to describe it unambiguously. In t...
0901.4382v1
2009-02-06
Superconductivity, magnetism and crystal chemistry of Ba1-xKxFe2As2
BaFe2As2 is the parent compound of the '122' iron arsenide superconductors and crystallizes with the tetragonal ThCr2Si2 type structure, space group I4/mmm. A spin density wave transition at 140 K is accompanied by a symmetry reduction to space group Fmmm and simultaneously by antiferromagnetic ordering. Hole-doping in...
0902.1085v1
2009-02-07
Superconducting fluctuations in the reversible magnetization of the iron-pnictide $Ba_{1-x}K_xFe_2As_2$
We report on isofield magnetization curves obtained as a function of temperature in two single crystals of $Ba_{1-x}K_xFe_2As_2$ with superconducting transition temperature $T_c$=28K and 32.7 K. Results obtained for fields above 20 kOe show a well defined rounding effect on the reversible region extending 1-3 K above $...
0902.1252v2
2009-02-10
Enhancement of electronic anomalies in iron-substituted La_2-x_Sr_x_Cu_1-y_Fe_y_O_4_ around x=0.22
We have measured the temperature dependences of Rho and Chi for Fe-substituted La_2-x_Sr_x_Cu_1-y_Fe_y_O_4_ in the overdoped regime, in order to investigate Fe-substitution effects on electronic properties around x=0.22. From the Rho measurements, it has been found around x=0.22 that the values of Rho are large at ro...
0902.1618v1
2009-02-10
The Role of Dust Clouds in the Atmospheres of Brown Dwarfs
The new spectroscopic classes, L and T, are defined by the role of dust clouds in their atmospheres, the former by their presence and the latter by their removal and near absence. Moreover, the M to L and L to T transitions are intimately tied to the condensation and character of silicate and iron grains, and the assoc...
0902.1777v1
2009-02-13
Growth and Superconductivity of FeSex Crystals
Iron selenide (FeSex) crystals with lateral dimensions up to millimeters were grown via a vapor self-transport method. The crystals consist of the dominant alpha - phase with trace amounts of beta- phase as identified by powder x-ray diffraction. With four-probe resistance measurements we obtained a zero-resistance cri...
0902.2240v1
2009-02-14
ARPES studies of the electronic structure of LaOFe(P,As)
We report a comparison study of LaOFeP and LaOFeAs, two parent compounds of recently discovered iron-pnictide superconductors, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Both systems exhibit some common features that are very different from well-studied cuprates. In addition, important differences have also been ...
0902.2503v1
2009-02-18
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray, Neutrino, and Photon Propagation and the Multi-Messenger Approach
The propagation of UHECR nuclei for A=1 (protons) to A=56 (iron) from cosmological sources through extragalactic space is discussed in the first lecture. This is followed in the second and third lectures by a consideration of the generation and propagation of secondary particles produced via the UHECR loss interactions...
0902.3012v1
2009-02-18
Doppler-Broadened Iron X-ray Lines from Tycho's Supernova Remnant
We use \suzaku observations to measure the spatial variation of the Fe K$\alpha$ line with radius in the \tycho supernova remnant. The Fe line widths show a significant decrease from a FWHM value of 210 eV at the center to 130 eV at the rim. Over the same radial range the line center energy remains nearly constant. The...
0902.3049v1
2009-02-23
Why Does Undoped FeSe Become A High Tc Superconductor Under Pressure?
Unlike the parent phases of the iron-arsenide high Tc superconductors, undoped FeSe is not magnetically ordered and exhibits superconductivity with Tc~9K. Equally surprising is the fact that applied pressure dramatically enhances the modest Tc to ~37K. We investigate the electronic properties of FeSe using 77Se NMR to ...
0902.3832v2
2009-02-23
Superconductivity at 22.3 K in SrFe2-xIrxAs2
By substituting the Fe with the 5d-transition metal Ir in SrFe2As2, we have successfully synthesized the superconductor SrFe2-xIrxAs2 with Tc = 22.3 K at x = 0.5. X-ray diffraction indicates that the material has formed the ThCr2Si2-type structure with a space group I4/mmm. The temperature dependence of resistivity and...
0902.3957v2
2009-02-24
Thermal instability in X-ray photoionized media in Active Galactic Nuclei: II. Role of the thermal conduction in warm absorber
A photoionized gas under constant pressure can display a thermal instability, with three or more solutions for possible thermal equilibrium. A unique solution of the structure of the irradiated medium is obtained only if electron conduction is considered. The subject of our study is to estimate how the effect of therma...
0902.4083v1
2009-02-24
Frontiers of the physics of dense plasmas and planetary interiors: experiments, theory, applications
Recent developments of dynamic x-ray characterization experiments of dense matter are reviewed, with particular emphasis on conditions relevant to interiors of terrestrial and gas giant planets. These studies include characterization of compressed states of matter in light elements by x-ray scattering and imaging of sh...
0902.4115v1
2009-02-24
Heating and cooling of magnetars with accreted envelopes
We study the thermal structure and evolution of magnetars as cooling neutron stars with a phenomenological heat source in an internal layer. We focus on the effect of magnetized (B > 10^{14} G) non-accreted and accreted outermost envelopes composed of different elements, from iron to hydrogen or helium. We discuss a co...
0902.4213v1
2009-02-26
Tricritical Points and Liquid-Solid Critical Lines
Tricritical points separate continuous and discontinuous symmetry breaking transitions. They occur in a variety of physical systems and their mathematical models. A tricritical point is used to determine a liquid-solid phase transition line in the pressure-temperature plane [Aitta, J. Stat. Mech., 2006]. Excellent expe...
0902.4578v1
2009-02-27
Looking outside the Galaxy: the discovery of chemical anomalies in 3 old Large Magellanic Cloud clusters
By using the multifiber spectrograph FLAMES mounted at the ESO-VLT, we have obtained high-resolution spectra for 18 giant stars, belonging to 3 old globular clusters of the Large Magellanic Cloud (namely NGC 1786, 2210 and 2257). While stars in each cluster showed quite homogeneous iron content, within a few cents of d...
0902.4778v1
2009-02-27
The superconductor KxSr(1-x)Fe2As2: Normal state and superconducting properties
The normal state and superconducting properties are investigated in the phase diagram of K_xSr_{1-x}Fe_2As_2 for 0<x<1. The ground state upper critical field, H_{c2}(0), is extrapolated from magnetic field dependent resistivity measurements. H_{c2}(0) scales with the critical temperature, T_c, of the superconducting tr...
0903.0013v1
2009-03-09
Cohesive and magnetic properties of grain boundaries in bcc Fe with Cr additions
Structural, cohesive, and magnetic properties of two symmetric $\Sigma3(111)$ and $\Sigma5(210)$ tilt grain boundaries (GBs) in pure bcc Fe and in dilute FeCr alloys are studied from first principles. Different concentration and position of Cr solute atoms are considered. We found that Cr atoms placed in the GB interst...
0903.1618v2
2009-03-12
Pressure evolution of low-temperature crystal structure and bonding of 37 K $T_c$ FeSe superconductor
FeSe with the PbO structure is a key member of the family of new high-$T_c$ iron pnictide and chalcogenide superconductors, as while it possesses the basic layered structural motif of edge-sharing distorted FeSe$_4$ tetrahedra, it lacks interleaved ion spacers or charge-reservoir layers. We find that application of hyd...
0903.2204v1
2009-03-12
Universal relation between magnetic resonance and superconducting gap in unconventional superconductors
Unconventional superconductors such as the high-transition temperature cuprates, heavy-fermion systems and iron arsenide-based compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic fluctuations that are dominated by a resonance, a collective spin-one excitation mode in the superconducting state. Here we demonstrate the existence of a un...
0903.2291v1
2009-03-13
The nature of the magnetic and structural phase transitions in BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
We present the results of an investigation of both the magnetic and structural phase transitions in a high quality single crystalline sample of the undoped, iron pnictide compound BaFe$_2$As$_2$. Both phase transitions are characterized via neutron diffraction measurements which reveal simultaneous, continuous magnetic...
0903.2430v2
2009-03-23
On Estimating the Flux of the Brightest Cosmic Ray Source above 57x10^18 eV
The sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays are not yet known. However, the discovery of anisotropic cosmic rays above 57x10^18 eV by the Pierre Auger Observatory suggests that a direct source detection may soon be possible. The near-future prospects for such a measurement are heavily dependent on the flux of the brig...
0903.3981v1