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2024-01-30
Poynting-Robertson damping of laser beam driven lightsails
Lightsails using Earth-based lasers for propulsion require passive stabilization to stay within the beam. This can be achieved through the sail's scattering properties, creating optical restoring forces and torques. Undamped restoring forces produce uncontrolled oscillations, which could jeopardize the mission, but it ...
2401.16924v1
2024-02-29
The Equation of Motion for Taut-Line Buzzers
Equations of motion are developed for the oscillatory rotation of a disk suspended between twisted strings kept under tension by a hanging mass, to which additional forces may be applied. In the absence of forcing, damped harmonic oscillations are observed to decay with an exponential time envelope for two different st...
2402.19285v1
2024-03-08
A design methodology for nonlinear oscillator chains enabling energy localization tuning and soliton stability enhancement with optimal damping
In this paper, the vibration energy localization in coupled nonlinear oscillators is investigated, based on the creation of standing solitons. The main objective is to establish a design methodology for mechanical lattices using the Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Equation (NLSE) as a guide strategy, even in the presence of da...
2403.05176v1
2024-03-08
Damping Obliquities of Hot Jupiter Hosts by Resonance Locking
When orbiting hotter stars, hot Jupiters are often highly inclined relative to their host star equator planes. By contrast, hot Jupiters orbiting cooler stars are more aligned. Prior attempts to explain this correlation between stellar obliquity and effective temperature have proven problematic. We show how resonance l...
2403.05616v1
1996-05-06
A Keck HIRES Investigation of the Metal Abundances and Kinematics of Three Damped Lya Systems Toward Q2206-199
We present high resolution, high SNR spectra of the QSO Q2206-199 obtained with HIRES on the 10m W.M. Keck Telescope. Our analysis focuses on the two previously identified damped \lya systems found at $z=1.920$ and $z=2.076$. For each system, we measure accurate abundances. The $z=1.920$ system exhibits the highest met...
9605021v2
1996-09-09
The Population of Damped Lyman-alpha and Lyman Limit Systems in the Cold Dark Matter Model
Lyman limit and damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems probe the distribution of collapsed, cold gas at high redshift. Numerical simulations that incorporate gravity and gas dynamics can predict the abundance of such absorbers in cosmological models. We develop a semi-analytical method to correct the numerical predictio...
9609072v1
1998-05-22
Protogalactic Disk Models of Damped Lya Kinematics
We present new observational results on the kinematics of the damped lya systems. Our full sample is now comprised of 31 low-ion profiles and exhibits similar characteristics to the sample from Paper I. The primary exception is that the new distribution of velocity widths includes values out to a maximum of nearly 300 ...
9805293v1
2000-05-05
UVES observations of QSO 0000-2620: oxygen and zinc abundances in the Damped Ly-alpha galaxy at z_abs=3.3901
Observations of the QSO 0000-2620 with UVES spectrograph at the 8.2m ESO KUEYEN telescope are used for abundance analysis of the damped Ly-alpha system at z_{abs}=3.3901. Several Oxygen lines are identified in the Ly_alpha forest and a measure for the oxygen abundance is obtained at [O/H]=-1.85 +/- 0.1 by means of the ...
0005098v1
2002-02-06
The UCSD HIRES/KeckI Damped Lya Abundance Database III. An Empirical Study of Photoionization in the Damped Lya System Toward GB1759+7539
We investigate the ionization state of the damped Lya system at z=2.62 toward GB1759+7539 through an analysis of ionic ratios sensitive to photoionization: ArI/SII, FeIII/FeII, NII/NI, AlIII/AlII. Approximately half of the metals arise in a mostly neutral velocity component with HI/H > 0.9, based on FeIII/FeII < 0.013....
0202140v1
2009-09-26
Damped and sub-damped Lyman-? absorbers in z > 4 QSOs
We present the results of a survey for damped (DLA, log N(H I) > 20.3) and sub-damped Lyman-? systems (19.5 < log N(H I) < 20.3) at z > 2.55 along the lines-of-sight to 77 quasars with emission redshifts in the range 4 < zem < 6.3. Intermediate resolution (R ? 4300) spectra have been obtained with the Echellette Spectr...
0909.4839v2
2011-05-19
Tidal dissipation compared to seismic dissipation: in small bodies, in earths, and in superearths
While the seismic quality factor and phase lag are defined solely by the bulk properties of the mantle, their tidal counterparts are determined both by the bulk properties and self-gravitation of a body as a whole. For a qualitative estimate, we model the body with a homogeneous sphere and express the tidal phase lag t...
1105.3936v12
2014-10-07
The Effect of Nonlinear Landau Damping on Ultrarelativistic Beam Plasma Instabilities
Very-high energy gamma-rays from extragalactic sources pair-produce off of the extragalactic background light, yielding an electron-positron pair beam. This pair beam is unstable to various plasma instabilities, especially the "oblique" instability, which can be the dominant cooling mechanism for the beam. However, rec...
1410.3797v2
2017-01-24
Influence of interlayer coupling on the spin torque driven excitations in a spin torque oscillator
The influence of dynamic interlayer interactions on the spin torque driven and damped excitations are illustrated for a three layer macrospin model system that corresponds to a standard spin-torque oscillator. The free layer and a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SyF) pinned layer of the spin-torque oscillator are in-plane...
1701.06787v1
2017-03-21
Using rf voltage induced ferromagnetic resonance to study the spin-wave density of states and the Gilbert damping in perpendicularly magnetized disks
We study how the shape of the spinwave resonance lines in rf-voltage induced FMR can be used to extract the spinwave density of states and the damping within the precessing layer in nanoscale tunnel junctions that possess perpendicular anisotropy. We work with a field applied along the easy axis to preserve the uniaxia...
1703.07310v2
2017-04-07
Global Alfven Eigenmodes in the H-1 heliac
Recent upgrades in H-1 power supplies have enabled the operation of the H-1 experiment at higher heating powers than previously attainable. A heating power scan in mixed hydrogen/helium plasmas reveals a change in mode activity with increasing heating power. At low power (<50 kW) modes with beta-induced Alfven eigenmod...
1704.02089v1
2017-11-30
Scalar dark matter interpretation of the DAMPE data with U(1) gauge interactions
Recently, DAMPE experiment released the new measurement of the total cosmic $e^+e^-$ flux between 25 GeV and 4.6 TeV which indicates a spectral softening at around 0.9 TeV and a tentative peak at around 1.4 TeV. We utilize the scalar dark matter (DM) annihilation scenario to explain the DAMPE peak by extending $G_{SM}\...
1711.11452v2
2017-12-14
Scalar dark matter explanation of the DAMPE data in the minimal Left-Right symmetric model
Left-Right symmetric model (LRSM) has been an attractive extension of the Standard Model (SM) which can address the origin of parity violation in the SM electroweak (EW) interactions, generate tiny neutrino masses, accommodate dark matter (DM) candidates and provide a natural framework for baryogenesis through leptogen...
1712.05351v3
2018-02-20
The chemical connection between damped Lyman-α systems and Local Group dwarf galaxies
Abundances of the volatile elements S and Zn have now been measured in around 80 individual stars in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, covering the metallicity range $-2.4\leq\text{[Fe/H]}\leq-0.9$. These two elements are of particular interest as they are not depleted onto dust in gas, and their ratio, [S/Zn], has...
1802.07325v5
2019-01-12
GW170817 implications on the frequency and damping time of f-mode oscillations of neutron stars
Within a minimum model for neutron stars consisting of nucleons, electrons and muons at $\beta$-equilibrium using about a dozen Equation of States (EOSs) from microscopic nuclear many-body theories and 40,000 EOSs randomly generated using an explicitly isospin-dependent parametric EOS model for high-density neutron-ric...
1901.03779v2
2019-01-27
An introductory guide to fluid models with anisotropic temperatures Part 2 -- Kinetic theory, Padé approximants and Landau fluid closures
In Part 2 of our guide to collisionless fluid models, we concentrate on Landau fluid closures. These closures were pioneered by Hammett and Perkins and allow for the rigorous incorporation of collisionless Landau damping into a fluid framework. It is Landau damping that sharply separates traditional fluid models and co...
1901.09360v2
2019-01-28
Revisit of non-linear Landau damping for electrostatic instability driven by blazar-induced pair beams
We revisit the effect of non-linear Landau (NL) damping on the electrostatic instability of blazar-induced pair beams, using a realistic pair-beam distribution. We employ a simplified 2D model in ${\bf k}$-space to study the evolution of the electric-field spectrum and to calculate the relaxation time of the beam. We d...
1901.09640v3
2019-08-08
Annihilation of topological solitons in magnetism with spin wave burst finale: The role of nonequilibrium electrons causing nonlocal damping and spin pumping over ultrabroadband frequency range
We not only reproduce burst of short-wavelength spin waves (SWs) observed in recent experiment [S. Woo et al., Nat. Phys. 13, 448 (2017)] on magnetic-field-driven annihilation of two magnetic domain walls (DWs) but, furthermore, we predict that this setup additionally generates highly unusual} pumping of electronic spi...
1908.03194v5
2019-11-22
Role of Element-Specific Damping on the Ultrafast, Helicity-Independent All-Optical Switching Dynamics in Amorphous (Gd,Tb)Co Thin Films
Ultrafast control of the magnetization in ps timescales by fs laser pulses offers an attractive avenue for applications such as fast magnetic devices for logic and memory. However, ultrafast helicity-independent all-optical switching (HI-AOS) of the magnetization has thus far only been observed in Gd-based, ferrimagnet...
1911.09803v3
2020-09-14
Large field-like torque in amorphous Ru2Sn3 originated from the intrinsic spin Hall effect
We investigated temperature dependent current driven spin-orbit torques in magnetron sputtered Ru2Sn3 (4 and 10 nm) /Co20Fe60B20 (5 nm) layered structures with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. The room temperature damping-like and field-like spin torque efficiencies of the amorphous Ru2Sn3 films were measured to be 0.14 +...
2009.06711v2
2021-01-12
Phase Retrieval using Expectation Consistent Signal Recovery Algorithm based on Hypernetwork
Phase retrieval (PR) is an important component in modern computational imaging systems. Many algorithms have been developed over the past half-century. Recent advances in deep learning have introduced new possibilities for a robust and fast PR. An emerging technique called deep unfolding provides a systematic connectio...
2101.04348v2
2024-03-22
Investigating the Relationship between Simulation Parameters and Flow Variables in Simulating Atmospheric Gravity Waves in Wind Energy Applications
Wind farms, particularly offshore clusters, are becoming larger than ever before. Besides influencing wind farms and local meteorology downstream, large wind farms can trigger atmospheric gravity waves in the inversion layer and the free atmosphere aloft. Wind farm-induced gravity waves can cause adverse pressure gradi...
2403.18863v1
2012-03-21
On a New Method of Storing a Variable Size Array
This paper introduces a new data structure, log_vector, with the following properties: constant time random access to individual elements; constant time element addition to the end; constant time element removal from the end; constant time empty data structure creation; amortized constant space per individual elements;...
1203.4836v1
2022-10-24
The AFLT $q$-Morris constant term identity
It is well-known that the Selberg integral is equivalent to the Morris constant term identity. More generally, Selberg type integrals can be turned into constant term identities for Laurent polynomials. In this paper, by extending the Gessel--Xin method of the Laurent series proof of constant term identities, we obtain...
2210.13245v1
2010-01-10
Non-expanding universe: a cosmological system of units
The product of two empirical constants, the dimensionless fine structure constant and the von Klitzing constant (an electrical resistance), turns out to be an exact dimensionless number. Then the accuracy and cosmological time variation (if any) of these two constants are tied. Also this product defines a natural unit ...
1001.1561v1
2010-08-10
Linear Size Optimal q-ary Constant-Weight Codes and Constant-Composition Codes
An optimal constant-composition or constant-weight code of weight $w$ has linear size if and only if its distance $d$ is at least $2w-1$. When $d\geq 2w$, the determination of the exact size of such a constant-composition or constant-weight code is trivial, but the case of $d=2w-1$ has been solved previously only for b...
1008.1611v1
2007-02-15
Constant Mean Curvature n-noids with Platonic Symmetries
Constant Mean Curvature n-noids with Platonic Symmetries
0702469v1
2016-07-08
Alternative set of defining constants for redefinition of four SI units
We discuss different sets of defining constants, fixed values of which are considered in connection with the transition to new definitions of four SI units (the kilogram, the mole, the ampere, and the kelvin). The notion of constant's order in a given system of units is suggested. We propose an alternative set of fixed...
1607.02280v2
2021-11-16
New geometric constants of isosceles orthogonal type
Based on the parallelogram law and isosceles orthogonality, we define a new orthogonal geometric constant. We first discuss some basic properties of this new constant. Next, we consider the relation between the constant and the uniformly non-square property. Moreover, a generalized constant is also introduced and some ...
2111.08392v2
2021-12-11
Inscribed triangles in the unit sphere and a new class of geometric constants
We will introduce a new geometric constant GL(X) based on the constant H(X) proposed by Gao. We first further survey the constant H(X) and discuss some of the properties of this constant that have not yet been discovered. Next, we focus on a new constant GL(X) along with some of its basic properties. In addition, we sh...
2112.05922v1
2004-10-12
Atomic Clocks and Constraints on Variations of Fundamental Constants
We consider an application of precision frequency measurements to searches for possible time variations of the fundamental physical constants. Current laboratory constraints on variations of the fine structure constant alpha and other fundamental constants are presented.
0410074v1
2009-11-04
On the best constant of Hardy-Sobolev Inequalities
We obtain the sharp constant for the Hardy-Sobolev inequality involving the distance to the origin. This inequality is equivalent to a limiting Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality. In three dimensions, in certain cases the sharp constant coincides with the best Sobolev constant.
0911.0948v1
2010-01-01
On Apery's Constant and Catalan's Constant
In this paper, Riemann's Zeta function with odd positive integer argument is represented as an infinite summation of integer powers of $\pi$ with rational coefficients. Specific values for Apery's Constant and Catalan's Constant are then derived.
1001.0248v2
2019-04-23
Two-field constant roll inflation
Starting from the idea of realising constant roll inflation in string theory we develop the constant roll formalism for two scalar fields. We derive the two-field potential which is compatible with a constant roll regime and discuss possible applications to string-models.
1904.10241v1
2023-07-16
When do Fermat constants completely determine Clairaut constants for branching geodesics on a surface of revolution?
We prove that Fermat constants do not completely determine Clairaut constants for three branching geodesics that meet at the weighted Fermat-Torricelli point on a surface of revolution, except the case of a standard sphere in $\mathbb{R}^{3}.$
2310.07717v1
1994-10-06
Damped Lyman Alpha Systems vs. Cold + Hot Dark Matter
Damped Ly$\alpha$ systems provide possibly the most significant evidence for early structure formation, and thus a stringent constraint on the Cold + Hot Dark Matter (CHDM) cosmology. Using the numbers of halos in N-body simulations to normalize Press-Schechter (PS) estimates of the number densities of protogalaxies as...
9410022v1
1995-12-05
Small Scale Structure and High Redshift HI
Cosmological simulations with gas dynamics suggest that the Lyman-alpha forest is produced mainly by "small scale structure" --- filaments and sheets that are the high redshift analog of today's galaxy superclusters. There is no sharp distinction between Lyman-alpha clouds and "Gunn-Peterson" absorption produced by the...
9512016v1
1996-04-03
APM z>4 QSO Survey: Spectra and Intervening Absorption Systems
The APM multicolor survey for bright z > 4 objects, covering 2500 deg^2 of sky to m(R)~19, resulted in the discovery of thirty-one quasars with z > 4. High signal-to-noise optical spectrophotometry at 5A resolution has been obtained for the twenty-eight quasars easily accessible from the northern hemisphere. These spec...
9604021v1
1996-06-13
Damping of Cosmic Magnetic Fields
We examine the evolution of magnetic fields in an expanding fluid composed of matter and radiation with particular interest in the evolution of cosmic magnetic fields. We derive the propagation velocities and damping rates for relativistic and non-relativistic fast and slow magnetosonic, and Alfv\'en waves in the prese...
9606080v2
1997-01-09
Molecular Hydrogen Absorption in the z= 1.97 Damped Lyman alpha Absorption system toward QSO 0013-004
We present a new ultra-violet spectrum of the QSO 0013-004 with 0.9 \AA resolution obtained with the MMT Blue spectrograph. The \upsilon = 0 - 0, 1 - 0, 2 - 0 and 3 - 0 Lyman bands of H_2 associated with the z = 1.9731 damped Ly alpah absorption line system have been detected. The H_2 column density is N(H_2) = 6.9 (\p...
9701041v1
1997-02-06
Abundance Patterns of Heavy Elements in Damped Lyman-Alpha Galaxies
We present a quantitative analysis of the abundances of heavy elements in damped Ly-alpha galaxies in the sample of Lu et al. (1996). In particular, we compare the observed gas-phase abundances with those expected when the intrinsic (i.e., nucleosynthetic) pattern is the same as that in either the Sun or in Galactic ha...
9702066v2
1997-07-15
Linear Response, Dynamical Friction and the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem in Stellar Dynamics
We apply linear response theory to a general, inhomogeneous, stationary stellar system, with particular emphasis on dissipative processes analogous to Landau damping. Assuming only that the response is causal, we show that the irreversible work done by an external perturber is described by the anti-Hermitian part of a ...
9707161v1
1997-08-04
Violent Relaxation, Phase Mixing, and Gravitational Landau Damping
This paper proposes a geometric interpretation of flows generated by the collisionless Boltzmann equation (CBE), focusing on the coarse-grained approach towards equilibrium. The CBE is a noncanonical Hamiltonian system with the distribution function f the fundamental dynamical variable, the mean field energy H[f] playi...
9708026v1
1998-11-23
The Physical Nature of the Lyman Limit Systems
We analyze Keck HIRES observations of a Lyman limit system at z=2.652 toward Q2231-00. These observations afford the most comprehensive study of the physical properties of a LL system to date. By comparing the ionic column densities for Fe^+, Fe^{++}, Si^+, and Si^{3+} against calculations derived from the CLOUDY softw...
9811357v1
1998-12-03
Gravity-Modes in ZZ Ceti Stars III. Eigenvalues and Eigenfuctions
We report on numerical calculations of nonadiabatic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for g-modes in ZZ Ceti variables. The spectrum of overstable $l=1$ modes delineates the instability strip. Its blue edge occurs where $\omega \tau_c \approx 1$ for the $n=1$ mode. Here $\omega$ is radian frequency and $\tau_c$ is about f...
9812085v1
1999-01-19
Collisionless Dissipative Nonlinear Alfven Waves: Nonlinear Steepening, Compressible Turbulence, and Particle Trapping
The magnetic energy of nonlinear Alfven waves in compressible plasmas may be ponderomotively coupled only to ion-acoustic quasi-modes which modulate the wave phase velocity and cause wave-front steepening. In the collisionless plasma with $\beta\not=0$, the dynamics of nonlinear Alfven wave is also affected by the reso...
9901257v1
2000-06-06
A Model of Metallicity Evolution in the Early Universe
We apply the phenomenological model used to explain the abundances of Fe and r-process elements in very metal-poor stars in the Galaxy to [Fe/H] of damped Ly alpha systems. It is assumed that the first stars formed after the Big Bang were very massive and promptly enriched the interstellar medium to [Fe/H] ~ -3, at whi...
0006082v2
2000-09-27
Lensing properties of 7 damped Lyman-alpha absorbing galaxy-QSO pairs
Le Brun et al. (1997) presented the first identifications of the galaxies giving rise to 7 intermediate redshift damped Ly-alpha (DLA) absorption systems. Here, we study the gravitational lensing properties of these foreground galaxies based on their observed optical appearance and on the absence of any secondary lense...
0009433v1
2000-11-14
Sharp HI edges at high z: the gas distribution from Damped Lyman-alpha to Lyman-limit absorption systems
We derive the distribution of neutral and ionized gas in high redshift clouds which are optically thick to hydrogen ionizing radiation, using published data on Lyman-limit and Damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems in the redshift range 1.75 < z < 3.25. We assume that the distribution of the hydrogen total (HI+HII) colu...
0011268v1
2000-11-29
Implications of 21cm observations for damped Ly-$α$ systems
We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope HI 21cm absorption observations, of candidate and confirmed damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems (DLAS). The derived spin temperatures (T_s) are in all cases $\sim 1000$ K or higher. We have also collated from the literature a list of DLAS for which 21cm observations exist, and discu...
0011540v1
2001-01-18
A Comprehensive Statistical Analysis of the Gas Distribution in Lyman-limit and Damped Lyman-alpha Absorption Systems
In this paper we show how to use data on Lyman-limit and Damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems to derive the hydrogen ionization fractions and the distribution of the face-on total gas column density. We consider axially symmetric, randomly oriented absorbers, ionized by an external background radiation field in order ...
0101335v1
2001-04-29
The First Detection of Co in a Damped Lyman Alpha System
The study of elemental abundances in Damped Lyman Alpha systems (DLAs) at high redshift represents one of our best opportunities to probe galaxy formation and chemical evolution at early times. By coupling measurements made in high z DLAs with our knowledge of abundances determined locally and with nucleosynthetic mode...
0104466v1
2001-06-22
Self-Absorption of Ionizing Radiation and Extended Lyman Alpha Emission in High- Redshift QSOs
We calculate the neutral hydrogen column density of self-absorption in QSOs predicted in a model where the QSOs are located in the same halos that contain the gas in damped Lya absorption systems. The model is parameterized by the probability P_0 that any halo has an active QSO. We assume that the QSOs ionize the gas, ...
0106424v2
2001-06-22
Compressible MHD Turbulence in Interstellar Plasmas
Radio-wave scintillation observations reveal a nearly Kolmogorov spectrum of density fluctuations in the ionized interstellar medium. Although this density spectrum is suggestive of turbulence, no theory relevant to its interpretation exists. We calculate the density spectrum in turbulent magnetized plasmas by extendin...
0106425v1
2001-11-20
Collisional Cascades in Planetesimal Disks I. Stellar Flybys
We use a new multiannulus planetesimal accretion code to investigate the evolution of a planetesimal disk following a moderately close encounter with a passing star. The calculations include fragmentation, gas and Poynting-Robertson drag, and velocity evolution from dynamical friction and viscous stirring. We assume th...
0111384v1
2002-02-11
The Contribution of HI-rich Galaxies to the Damped Lyman-alpha Absorber Population at z=0
We present a study of the expected properties of the low redshift damped Lyman-alpha absorber population determined from a sample of HI-selected galaxies in the local universe. Because of a tight correlation between the HI mass and HI cross-section, which we demonstrate spans all galaxy types, we can use our HI-selecte...
0202216v2
2002-03-18
Monte Carlo Simulation of Lyman Alpha Scattering and Application to Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
A Monte Carlo code to solve the transfer of Lyman alpha (Lya) photons is developed, which can predict the Lya image and two-dimensional Lya spectra of a hydrogen cloud with any given geometry, Lya emissivity, neutral hydrogen density distribution, and bulk velocity field. We apply the code to several simple cases of a ...
0203287v2
2002-04-09
The Non-Damped Nature of Twelve Low-Redshift Damped Lyman Alpha Candidate Systems
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV spectroscopy of 12 candidate low-redshift damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems in 11 QSOs (z=0.103 in Q0054+144, z=0.969 and z=0.987 in Q0302-223, z=0.478 in Q0454-220, z=1.476 in Q1047+550, z=1.070 in Q1206+459, z=1.228 in Q1247+267, z=0.399 in Q1318+290B, z=0.519 in Q1329+412, z=0.276 in Q...
0204155v1
2002-05-17
High matter density peaks from UVES observations of QSO pairs: correlation properties and chemical abundances
We study the transverse clustering properties of high matter density peaks as traced by high column density absorption systems (either Lyman limit systems characterized by N(HI)> 2 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} or CIV systems with W_{r}> 0.5 A) at redshifts between 2 and 3 with UVES spectra of two QSO pairs (UM680/UM681 at 56 arcs...
0205299v1
2002-08-28
Complex rotation with internal dissipation. Applications to cosmic-dust alignment and to wobbling comets and asteroids
Neutron stars, asteroids, comets, cosmic-dust granules, spacecraft, as well as whatever other freely spinning body dissipate energy when they rotate about any axis different from principal. We discuss the internal-dissipation-caused relaxation of a freely precessing rotator towards its minimal-energy mode (mode that co...
0208489v1
2003-06-16
Damping of Tensor Modes in Cosmology
An analytic formula is given for the traceless transverse part of the anisotropic stress tensor due to free streaming neutrinos, and used to derive an integro-differential equation for the propagation of cosmological gravitational waves. The solution shows that anisotropic stress reduces the squared amplitude by 35.6 %...
0306304v2
2003-12-30
Nonlinear Pulsations in Differentially Rotating Neutron Stars: Mass-Shedding-Induced Damping and Splitting of the Fundamental Mode
We study small-amplitude, nonlinear pulsations of uniformly and differentially rotating neutron stars employing a two-dimensional evolution code for general-relativistic hydrodynamics. Using Fourier transforms at several points inside the star, both the eigenfrequencies and two-dimensional eigenfunctions of pulsations ...
0312648v2
2004-01-16
Simulating stochastically excited oscillations. The mode lifetime of xi Hya
The discovery of solar-like oscillations in the giant star xy Hya (G7III) was reported by Frandsen et al. (2002). Their frequency analysis was very limited due to alias problems in the data set (caused by single-site observations). The extent to which the aliasing affected their analysis was unclear due to the unknown ...
0401331v1
2004-10-13
On the Importance of Local Sources of Radiation in Cosmological Absorption Systems
An upper limit to the importance of local sources of radiation compared to the cosmic background in cosmological absorption systems is derived, as a simple consequence of the conservation of surface brightness. The limit depends only on the rate of incidence of the absorbers and the mean free path of the radiation. It ...
0410315v1
2005-04-04
Relativistic r-modes and Shear viscosity: regularizing the continuous spectrum
Within a fully relativistic framework, we derive and solve numerically the perturbation equations of relativistic stars, including the stresses produced by a non-vanishing shear viscosity in the stress-energy tensor. With this approach, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency of the modes are consistently obtaine...
0504062v1
2005-04-29
Evidence for a magnitude-dependent bias in the Hamburg/ESO Survey for Damped Lyman-alpha Systems
We present preliminary results from the Hamburg/ESO survey for Damped Ly-alpha (hereafter, DLA) Systems. This survey is characterized by (i) the good knowledge of the biases affecting the parent QSO survey, (ii) the brightness and (iii) the relatively wide magnitude distribution of the background QSOs. Therefore, it is...
0504657v1
2005-10-12
Ly-alpha Radiative Transfer in Cosmological Simulations and Application to a z~8 Emitter
We develop a Ly-alpha radiative transfer (RT) Monte Carlo code for cosmological simulations.High resolution,along with appropriately treated cooling can result in simulated environments with very high optical depths.Thus,solving the Ly-alpha RT problem in cosmological simulations can take an unrealistically long time.F...
0510347v2
2005-12-05
Kinematics and star formation activity in the z=2.03954 damped Lyman-alpha system towards PKS 0458-020
We present UVES observations of the log N(HI)= 21.7 damped Lyman-alpha system at z=2.03954 towards the quasar PKS 0458-020. HI Lyman-alpha emission is detected in the center of the damped Lyman-alpha absorption trough. Metallicities are derived for MgII, SiII, PII, CrII, MnII, FeII and ZnII and are found to be -1.21\pm...
0512118v1
2006-02-14
On the magnetic structure and wind parameter profiles of Alfven wave driven winds in late-type supergiant stars
Cool stars at giant and supergiant evolutionary phases present low velocity and high density winds, responsible for the observed high mass-loss rates. Although presenting high luminosities, radiation pressure on dust particles is not sufficient to explain the wind acceleration process. Among the possible solutions to t...
0602305v1
2006-03-17
Electron impact excitation of Helium-like ions up to n=4 levels including radiation damping
Helium-like ions provide the most important X-ray spectral diagnostics in high temperature fusion and astrophysical plasmas. We previously presented computed collision strengths for O~VII including relativistic fine structure, levels up to the $n=4$ complex and radiation damping of autoionizing resonances. We have exte...
0603482v1
2006-07-25
Metal-rich Damped/sub-Damped Lyman-alpha Quasar Absorbers at z<1
Damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs), seen in absorption against a background quasar, provide the most detailed probes available of element abundances in the Universe over > 90 % of its age. DLAs can be used to observationally measure the global mean metallicity in the Universe and its evolution with time. Paradoxically...
0607561v1
1998-06-21
Collective intersubband transitions in quantum wells: a comparative density-functional study
We use time-dependent (current) density functional theory to study collective transitions between the two lowest subbands in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. We focus on two systems where experimental results are available: a wide single and a narrow asymmetric double well. The aim is to calculate frequency and linewidth of ...
9806252v1
1998-11-27
Renormalization group analysis of the quantum non-linear sigma model with a damping term
We investigate the behavior of the zero-temperature quantum non-linear sigma model in d dimensions in the presence of a damping term of the form f(w)~ |w|^alpha, with 1 \le alpha <2. We find two fixed points: a spin-wave fixed point FP1 showing a dynamic scaling exponent z=1 and a dissipative fixed point FP2 with z>1. ...
9811392v2
1999-12-14
Spinwave damping in the two-dimensional ferromagnetic XY model
The effect of damping of spinwaves in a two-dimensional classical ferromagnetic XY model is considered. The damping rate $\Gamma_{q}$ is calculated using the leading diagrams due to the quartic-order deviations from the harmonic spin Hamiltonian. The resulting four-dimensional integrals are evaluated by extending the t...
9912241v1
2002-01-25
Time-dependent current density functional theory for the linear response of weakly disordered systems
This paper develops a quantitatively accurate first-principles description for the frequency and the linewidth of collective electronic excitations in inhomogeneous weakly disordered systems. A finite linewidth in general has intrinsic and extrinsic sources. At low temperatures and outside the region where electron-pho...
0201483v1
2003-06-10
Oscillations of Bose-Einstein condensates with vortex lattices. II. Finite temperatures
We derive the finite temperature oscillation modes of a harmonically confined Bose-Einstein condensed gas undergoing rigid body rotation supported by a vortex lattice in the condensate. The hydrodynamic modes separate into two classes corresponding to in-phase (center-of-mass) and counter-phase (relative) oscillations ...
0306245v2
2004-05-14
Thermoelastic relaxation in elastic structures with applications to thin plates
A new result enables direct calculation of thermoelastic damping in vibrating elastic solids. The mechanism for energy loss is thermal diffusion caused by inhomogeneous deformation, flexure in thin plates. The general result is combined with the Kirchhoff assumption to obtain a new equation for the flexural vibration o...
0405323v2
2005-04-21
Ultrafast dynamics of coherent optical phonons and nonequilibrium electrons in transition metals
The femtosecond optical pump-probe technique was used to study dynamics of photoexcited electrons and coherent optical phonons in transition metals Zn and Cd as a function of temperature and excitation level. The optical response in time domain is well fitted by linear combination of a damped harmonic oscillation becau...
0504540v1
2005-10-10
Quantum master equation descriptions of a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a single-electron transistor
We analyse the quantum dynamics of a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a normal-state single-electron transistor (SET). Starting from a microscopic description of the system, we derive a master equation for the SET island charge and resonator which is valid in the limit of weak electro-mechanical coupling. Using this...
0510236v1
2005-10-16
Magnetic vortex dynamics in a 2D easy plane ferromagnet
In this thesis, we consider the dynamics of vortices in the easy plane insulating ferromagnet in two dimensions. In addition to the quasiparticle excitations, here spin waves or magnons, this magnetic system admits a family of vortex solutions carrying two topological invariants, the winding number or vorticity, and th...
0510414v1
2006-05-19
Enhancement of noncontact friction between closely spaced bodies by two-dimensional systems
. We consider the effect of an external bias voltage and the spatial variation of the surface potential, on the damping of cantilever vibrations. The electrostatic friction is due to energy losses in the sample created by the electromagnetic field from the oscillating charges induced on the surface of the tip by the bi...
0605480v1
2006-09-12
Slowing down Josephson vortex lattice in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+d} with pancake vortices
We study theoretically and experimentally influence of pancake vortices on motion of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered high-temperature superconductors. Mobility of the Josephson vortices in layered superconductors is strongly suppressed by small amount of pancake-vortex stacks. Moving Josephson vortex lattice fo...
0609262v2
2006-02-01
Radiation Damping in Einstein-Aether Theory
This work concerns the loss of energy of a material system due to gravitational radiation in Einstein-aether theory-an alternative theory of gravity in which the metric couples to a dynamical, timelike, unit-norm vector field. Derived to lowest post-Newtonian order are waveforms for the metric and vector fields far fro...
0602004v5
1998-02-20
Real-time Relaxation and Kinetics in Hot Scalar QED: Landau Damping
The real time evolution of field condensates with soft length scales k^{-1}>(eT)^{-1} is solved in hot scalar electrodynamics, with a view towards understanding relaxational phenomena in the QGP and the electroweak plasma. We find that transverse gauge invariant non-equilibrium expectation values of fields relax via {\...
9802370v2
2003-03-04
Asymptotic quasinormal modes of Reissner-Nordström and Kerr black holes
According to a recent proposal, the so-called Barbero-Immirzi parameter of Loop Quantum Gravity can be fixed, using Bohr's correspondence principle, from a knowledge of highly-damped black hole oscillation frequencies. Such frequencies are rather difficult to compute, even for Schwarzschild black holes. However, it is ...
0303029v3
2005-01-28
Summation of divergent series and Borel summability for strongly dissipative equations with periodic or quasi-periodic forcing terms
We consider a class of second order ordinary differential equations describing one-dimensional systems with a quasi-periodic analytic forcing term and in the presence of damping. As a physical application one can think of a resistor-inductor-varactor circuit with a periodic (or quasi-periodic) forcing function, even if...
0501500v1
1997-11-17
Fusion and Binary-Decay Mechanisms in the $^{35}$Cl+$^{24}$Mg System at E/A $\approx$ 8 MeV/Nucleon
Compound-nucleus fusion and binary-reaction mechanisms have been investigated for the $^{35}$Cl+$^{24}$Mg system at an incident beam energy of E$_{Lab}$= 282 MeV. Charge distributions, inclusive energy spectra, and angular distributions have been obtained for the evaporation residues and the binary fragments. Angle-int...
9711005v1
1996-12-31
Fluid Models for Kinetic Effects on Coherent Nonlinear Alfven Waves. II. Numerical Solutions
The influence of various kinetic effects (e.g. Landau damping, diffusive and collisional dissipation, and finite Larmor radius terms) on the nonlinear evolution of finite amplitude Alfvenic wave trains in a finite-beta environment is systematically investigated using a novel, kinetic nonlinear Schrodinger (KNLS) equati...
9612018v1
2000-09-06
Design, fabrication and measurement of the first rounded damped detuned accelerator structure (RDDS1)
As a joint effort in the JLC/NLC research program, we have developed a new type of damped detuned accelerator structure with optimized round-shaped cavities (RDDS). This paper discusses some important R&D aspects of the first structure in this series (RDDS1). The design aspects covered are the cell design with sub-MHz ...
0009025v1
2001-07-19
Dipole Wakefield Suppression In High Phase Advance Detuned Linear Accelerators For The JLC/NLC Designed To Minimise Electrical Breakdown And Cumulative BBU
Recent experiments at SLAC [1,2] and CERN [3] have revealed evidence of significant deformation in the form of "pitting" of the cells of the 1.8m series of structures DDS/RDDS (Damped Detuned Structure/Rounded Damped Detuned Structure). This pitting occurs in the high group velocity (vg /c = 0.012) end of the accelerat...
0107049v1
2000-12-10
Chaotic atomic population oscillations between two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with time-dependent asymmetric trap potential
We have investigated the chaotic atomic population oscillations between two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) with time-dependent asymmetric trap potential. In the perturbative regime, the population oscillations can be described by the Duffing equation, and the chaotic oscillations near the separatrix solution a...
0012043v1
2003-01-23
Revivals and entanglement from initially entangled mixed states of a damped Jaynes-Cummings model
An exact density matrix of a phase-damped Jaynes - Cummings model (JCM) with entangled Bell-like initial states formed from a model two-state atom and sets of adjacent photon number states of a single mode radiation field is presented. The entanglement of the initial states and the subsequent time evolution is assured ...
0301126v1
2003-03-18
A Method for Modeling Decoherence on a Quantum Information Processor
We develop and implement a method for modeling decoherence processes on an N-dimensional quantum system that requires only an $N^2$-dimensional quantum environment and random classical fields. This model offers the advantage that it may be implemented on small quantum information processors in order to explore the inte...
0303115v1
2005-11-25
The electrodynamic 2-body problem and the origin of quantum mechanics
We numerically solve the functional differential equations (FDE's) of 2-particle electrodynamics, using the full electrodynamic force obtained from the retarded Lienard-Wiechert potentials and the Lorentz force law. In contrast, the usual formulation uses only the Coulomb force (scalar potential), reducing the electrod...
0511235v1
2007-05-11
Ground-state cooling of a micromechanical oscillator: generalized framework for cold damping and cavity-assisted cooling schemes
We provide a general framework to describe cooling of a micromechanical oscillator to its quantum ground state by means of radiation-pressure coupling with a driven optical cavity. We apply it to two experimentally realized schemes, back-action cooling via a detuned cavity and cold-damping quantum-feedback cooling, and...
0705.1728v6
2007-11-08
Solving non-linear equations of longitudinal and transverse electron waves in collisionless Maxwellian plasma
We have considered an expansion of solutions of the non-linear equations for both longitudinal and transverse waves in collisionless Maxwellian plasma in series of non-damping overtones of the field E(x,t) and electron velocity distribution function f=f(0) +f(1) where f(0) is background Maxwellian electron distribution...
0711.1321v8