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2016-10-11
Converse theorems and the local Langlands correspondence in families
We prove a descent criterion for certain families of smooth representations of GL_n(F) (F a p-adic field) in terms of the gamma factors of pairs constructed in previous work of the second author. We then use this descent criterion, together with a theory of gamma factors for families of representations of the Weil group W_F (developed previously by both authors), to prove a series of conjectures, due to the first author, that give a complete description of the integral Bernstein center in terms of Galois theory and the local Langlands correspondence. An immediate consequence is the conjectural "local Langlands correspondence in families" of Emerton and Helm.
1610.03277v1
2016-10-14
An alternative view on dissipation in turbulent flows
An original experimental setup has been elaborated in order to get a better view of turbulent flows in a von Karman geometry. The availability of a very fast camera allowed to follow in time the evolution of the flows. A surprising finding is that the development of smaller whorls ceases earlier than expected and the aspect of the flows remains the same above Reynolds number of a few thousand. This fact provides an explanation of the constancy of the reduced dissipation in the same range without the need of singularity. Its cause could be in relation with the same type of behavior observed in a rotating frame.
1610.05356v2
2017-03-02
Small Superposition Dimension and Active Set Construction for Multivariate Integration Under Modest Error Demand
Constructing active sets is a key part of the Multivariate Decomposition Method. An algorithm for constructing optimal or quasi-optimal active sets is proposed in the paper. By numerical experiments, it is shown that the new method can provide sets that are significantly smaller than the sets constructed by the already existing method. The experiments also show that the superposition dimension could surprisingly be very small, at most 3, when the error demand is not smaller than $10^{-3}$ and the weights decay sufficiently fast.
1703.00985v1
2017-03-03
Heat conduction and the nonequilibrium stationary states of stochastic energy exchange processes
I revisit the exactly solvable Kipnis--Marchioro--Presutti model of heat conduction [J. Stat. Phys. 27 65 (1982)] and describe, for one-dimensional systems of arbitrary sizes whose ends are in contact with thermal baths at different temperatures, a systematic characterization of their non-equilibrium stationary states. These arguments avoid resorting to the analysis of a dual process and yield a straightforward derivation of Fourier's law, as well as higher-order static correlations, such as the covariant matrix. The transposition of these results to families of gradient models generalizing the KMP model is established and specific cases are examined.
1703.01240v1
2017-03-04
Algebraic geometry codes with complementary duals exceed the asymptotic Gilbert-Varshamov bound
It was shown by Massey that linear complementary dual (LCD for short) codes are asymptotically good. In 2004, Sendrier proved that LCD codes meet the asymptotic Gilbert-Varshamov (GV for short) bound. Until now, the GV bound still remains to be the best asymptotical lower bound for LCD codes. In this paper, we show that an algebraic geometry code over a finite field of even characteristic is equivalent to an LCD code and consequently there exists a family of LCD codes that are equivalent to algebraic geometry codes and exceed the asymptotical GV bound.
1703.01441v1
2017-03-17
A finite element approximation for the stochastic Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equation with multi-dimensional noise
We propose an unconditionally convergent linear finite element scheme for the stochastic Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert (LLG) equation with multi-dimensional noise. By using the Doss-Sussmann technique, we first transform the stochastic LLG equation into a partial differential equation that depends on the solution of the auxiliary equation for the diffusion part. The resulting equation has solutions absolutely continuous with respect to time. We then propose a convergent $\theta$-linear scheme for the numerical solution of the reformulated equation. As a consequence, we are able to show the existence of weak martingale solutions to the stochastic LLG equation.
1703.05901v1
2017-04-12
The homology of principally directed ordered groupoids
We present some homological properties of a relation $\beta$ on ordered groupoids that generalises the minimum group congruence for inverse semigroups. When $\beta$ is a transitive relation on an ordered groupoid $G$, the quotient $G / \beta$ is again an ordered groupoid, and construct a pair of adjoint functors between the module categories of $G$ and of $G / \beta$. As a consequence, we show that the homology of $G$ is completely determined by that of $G / \beta$, generalising a result of Loganathan for inverse semigroups.
1704.03689v1
2017-06-15
Absence of correlations in the energy exchanges of an exactly solvable model of heat transport with many degrees of freedom
A process based on the exactly solvable Kipnis--Marchioro--Presutti model of heat conduction [J. Stat. Phys. 27 65 (1982)] is described whereby lattice cells share their energies among many identical degrees of freedom while, in each cell, only two of them are associated with energy exchanges connecting neighbouring cells. It is shown that, up to dimensional constants, the heat conductivity is half the interaction rate, regardless of the degrees of freedom. Moreover, as this number becomes large, correlations between the energy variables involved in the exchanges vanish. In this regime, the process thus boils down to the time-evolution of the local temperatures which is prescribed by the discrete heat equation.
1706.04849v1
2017-11-29
On the local converse theorem and the descent theorem in families
We prove an analogue of Jacquet's conjecture on the local converse theorem for \ell-adic families of co-Whittaker representations of GL_n(F), where F is a finite extension of Q_p and \ell does not equal p. We also prove an analogue of Jacquet's conjecture for a descent theorem, which asks for the smallest collection of gamma factors determining the subring of definition of an \ell-adic family. These two theorems are closely related to the local Langlands correspondence in \ell-adic families.
1711.11159v1
2018-06-23
List Decodability of Symbol-Pair Codes
We investigate the list decodability of symbol-pair codes in the present paper. Firstly, we show that list decodability of every symbol-pair code does not exceed the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. On the other hand, we are able to prove that with high probability, a random symbol-pair code can be list decoded up to the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. Our second result of this paper is to derive the Johnson-type bound, i.e., a lower bound on list decoding radius in terms of minimum distance. Finally, we present a list decoding algorithm of Reed-Solomon codes beyond the Johnson-type bound.
1806.08992v1
2018-07-05
Volumetric performance capture from minimal camera viewpoints
We present a convolutional autoencoder that enables high fidelity volumetric reconstructions of human performance to be captured from multi-view video comprising only a small set of camera views. Our method yields similar end-to-end reconstruction error to that of a probabilistic visual hull computed using significantly more (double or more) viewpoints. We use a deep prior implicitly learned by the autoencoder trained over a dataset of view-ablated multi-view video footage of a wide range of subjects and actions. This opens up the possibility of high-end volumetric performance capture in on-set and prosumer scenarios where time or cost prohibit a high witness camera count.
1807.01950v2
2018-10-26
Immobilization of convex bodies in $R^n$
We extend to arbitrary finite $n$ the notion of immobilization of a convex body $O$ in $R^n$ by a finite set of points $P$ in the boundary of $O$. Because of its importance for this problem, necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the immobilization of an $n$-simplex. A fairly complete geometric description of these conditions is given: as $n$ increases from $n = 2$, some qualitative difference in the nature of the sets $P$ emerges.
1810.11381v1
2019-01-14
Groupoids and the algebra of rewriting in group presentations
Presentations of groups by rewriting systems (that is, by monoid presentations), have been fruitfully studied by encoding the rewriting system in a $2$--complex -- the Squier complex -- whose fundamental groupoid then describes the derivation of consequences of the rewrite rules. We describe a reduced form of the Squier complex, investigate the structure of its fundamental groupoid, and show that key properties of the presentation are still encoded in the reduced form.
1901.04348v1
2019-05-27
Tuning Free Rank-Sparse Bayesian Matrix and Tensor Completion with Global-Local Priors
Matrix and tensor completion are frameworks for a wide range of problems, including collaborative filtering, missing data, and image reconstruction. Missing entries are estimated by leveraging an assumption that the matrix or tensor is low-rank. Most existing Bayesian techniques encourage rank-sparsity by modelling factorized matrices and tensors with Normal-Gamma priors. However, the Horseshoe prior and other "global-local" formulations provide tuning-parameter-free solutions which may better achieve simultaneous rank-sparsity and missing-value recovery. We find these global-local priors outperform commonly used alternatives in simulations and in a collaborative filtering task predicting board game ratings.
1905.11496v1
2019-06-26
Fairness criteria through the lens of directed acyclic graphical models
A substantial portion of the literature on fairness in algorithms proposes, analyzes, and operationalizes simple formulaic criteria for assessing fairness. Two of these criteria, Equalized Odds and Calibration by Group, have gained significant attention for their simplicity and intuitive appeal, but also for their incompatibility. This chapter provides a perspective on the meaning and consequences of these and other fairness criteria using graphical models which reveals Equalized Odds and related criteria to be ultimately misleading. An assessment of various graphical models suggests that fairness criteria should ultimately be case-specific and sensitive to the nature of the information the algorithm processes.
1906.11333v1
2020-01-14
Neural Architecture Search for Deep Image Prior
We present a neural architecture search (NAS) technique to enhance the performance of unsupervised image de-noising, in-painting and super-resolution under the recently proposed Deep Image Prior (DIP). We show that evolutionary search can automatically optimize the encoder-decoder (E-D) structure and meta-parameters of the DIP network, which serves as a content-specific prior to regularize these single image restoration tasks. Our binary representation encodes the design space for an asymmetric E-D network that typically converges to yield a content-specific DIP within 10-20 generations using a population size of 500. The optimized architectures consistently improve upon the visual quality of classical DIP for a diverse range of photographic and artistic content.
2001.04776v1
2020-07-18
Finslerian convolution metrics and their special classes
Here, it is introduced a concept of convolution metric in Finslerian Geometry. This convolution metric is a kind of function obtained by a given mathematical operation between two Finslerian metrics. Some basic properties of the Finslerian convolution metrics are studied. Then it is characterized Finslerian convolution metrics which are of type Riemannian, Minkowskian as well as Randers. Furthermore, some examples of the Finslerian convolutions are given.
2007.14803v3
2020-09-14
What mathematical billiards teach us about statistical physics?
We survey applications of the theory of hyperbolic (and to a lesser extent non hyperbolic) billiards to some fundamental problems of statistical physics and their mathematically rigorous derivations in the framework of classical Hamiltonian systems.
2009.06284v2
2020-11-29
Applications of the Backus-Gilbert method to linear and some non linear equations
We investigate the use of a functional analytical version of the Backus-Gilbert Method as a reconstruction strategy to get specific information about the solution of linear and slightly non-linear systems with Frech\'et derivable operators. Some a priori error estimates are shown and tested for two classes of problems: a nonlinear moment problem and a linear elliptic Cauchy problem. For this second class of problems a special version of the Green-formula is developed in order to analyze the involved adjoint equations.
2011.14407v1
2021-11-30
Global weak solutions for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Vlasov-Maxwell system coupled via emergent electromagnetic fields
Motivated by recent models of current driven magnetization dynamics, we examine the coupling of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and classical electron transport governed by the Vlasov-Maxwell system. The interaction is based on space-time gyro-coupling in the form of emergent electromagnetic fields of quantized helicity that add up to the conventional Maxwell fields. We construct global weak solutions of the coupled system in the framework of frustrated magnets with competing first and second order gradient interactions known to host topological solitons such as magnetic skyrmions and hopfions.
2111.15482v1
2022-04-02
Introduction to the Artificial Intelligence that can be applied to the Network Automation Journey
The computer network world is changing and the NetDevOps approach has brought the dynamics of applications and systems into the field of communication infrastructure. Businesses are changing and businesses are faced with difficulties related to the diversity of hardware and software that make up those infrastructures. The "Intent-Based Networking - Concepts and Definitions" document describes the different parts of the ecosystem that could be involved in NetDevOps. The recognize, generate intent, translate and refine features need a new way to implement algorithms. This is where artificial intelligence comes in.
2204.00800v1
2022-05-24
Theory of the Energy Variance in a Quantum Bit
We define a new quantum Hermitian operator (namely, the energy variance operator) which is simply duplicated from the statistical definition of energy variance in classical physics. Its expectation value yields the standard deviation of the energy about the mean value of this latter. We show by use of an exact Hamiltonian description that this standard deviation is due to the high-frequeny energy oscillations which are usually discarded in the rotating wave aproximation. We check the present theory by recovering the duration of an abrupt quantum jump that has been described in a recent experiment.
2205.12763v1
2022-07-11
Quasilinear rough evolution equations
We investigate the abstract Cauchy problem for a quasilinear parabolic equation in a Banach space of the form \( du_t -L_t(u_t)u_t dt = N_t(u_t)dt + F(u_t)\cdot d\mathbf X_t \), where \( \mathbf X\) is a \( \gamma\)-H\"older rough path for \( \gamma\in(1/3,1/2)\). We explore the mild formulation that combines functional analysis techniques and controlled rough paths theory which entail the local well-posedness of such equations. We apply our results to the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert and Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto equation. In this framework we obtain a random dynamical system associated to the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.
2207.04787v1
2022-08-01
A Pansiot-type subword complexity theorem for automorphisms of free groups
Inspired by Pansiot's work on substitutions, we prove a similar theorem for automorphisms of a free group F of finite rank: if a right-infinite word represents an attracting fixed point of an automorphism of F, the subword complexity of X is equivalent to n, n log log n, n log n, or n^2. The proof uses combinatorial arguments analogue to Pansiot's as well as train tracks. We also define the recurrence complexity of X, and we apply it to laminations. In particular, we show that attracting laminations have complexity equivalent to n, n log log n, n log n, or n^2 (to n if the automorphism is fully irreducible).
2208.00676v1
2022-08-13
May the force be with you
Modern methods in dimensionality reduction are dominated by nonlinear attraction-repulsion force-based methods (this includes t-SNE, UMAP, ForceAtlas2, LargeVis, and many more). The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that all such methods, by design, come with an additional feature that is being automatically computed along the way, namely the vector field associated with these forces. We show how this vector field gives additional high-quality information and propose a general refinement strategy based on ideas from Morse theory. The efficiency of these ideas is illustrated specifically using t-SNE on synthetic and real-life data sets.
2208.06676v1
2022-10-26
Linearized frequency domain Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation formulation
We present a general finite element linearized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation (LLGE) solver for magnetic systems under weak time-harmonic excitation field. The linearized LLGE is obtained by assuming a small deviation around the equilibrium state of the magnetic system. Inserting such expansion into LLGE and keeping only first order terms gives the linearized LLGE, which gives a frequency domain solution for the complex magnetization amplitudes under an external time-harmonic applied field of a given frequency. We solve the linear system with an iterative solver using generalized minimal residual method. We construct a preconditioner matrix to effectively solve the linear system. The validity, effectiveness, speed, and scalability of the linear solver are demonstrated via numerical examples.
2210.14525v1
2022-11-10
Secure Aggregation Is Not All You Need: Mitigating Privacy Attacks with Noise Tolerance in Federated Learning
Federated learning is a collaborative method that aims to preserve data privacy while creating AI models. Current approaches to federated learning tend to rely heavily on secure aggregation protocols to preserve data privacy. However, to some degree, such protocols assume that the entity orchestrating the federated learning process (i.e., the server) is not fully malicious or dishonest. We investigate vulnerabilities to secure aggregation that could arise if the server is fully malicious and attempts to obtain access to private, potentially sensitive data. Furthermore, we provide a method to further defend against such a malicious server, and demonstrate effectiveness against known attacks that reconstruct data in a federated learning setting.
2211.06324v1
2022-12-22
Theory and construction of Quasi-Monte Carlo rules for option pricing and density estimation
In this paper we propose and analyse a method for estimating three quantities related to an Asian option: the fair price, the cumulative distribution function, and the probability density. The method involves preintegration with respect to one well chosen integration variable to obtain a smooth function of the remaining variables, followed by the application of a tailored lattice Quasi-Monte Carlo rule to integrate over the remaining variables.
2212.11493v2
2022-12-22
Novel Bottomonium Results
We present the latest results from the use of the Backus-Gilbert method for reconstructing the spectra of NRQCD bottomonium mesons using anisotropic FASTSUM ensembles at non-zero temperature. We focus in particular on results from the $\eta_b$, $\Upsilon$, $\chi_{b1}$ and $h_b$ generated from Tikhonov-regularized Backus-Gilbert coefficient sets. We extend previous work on the Laplace shifting theorem as a means of resolution improvement and present new results from its use. We conclude with a discussion of the limitations of the improvement routine and elucidate a connection with Parisi-Lepage statistical scaling.
2212.12016v1
2022-12-30
Asymptotic stability of 2-domain walls for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in a nanowire with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
We consider a ferromagnetic nanowire, with an energy functional $E$ with easy-axis in the direction $e_1$, and which takes into account the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We consider configurations of the magnetization which are perturbations of two well separated domain wall, and study their evolution under the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert flow associated to E. Our main result is that, if the two walls have opposite speed, these configurations are asymptotically stable, up to gauges intrinsic to the invariances of the energy $E$. Our analysis builds on the framework developed in [4], taking advantage that it is amenable to space localisation.
2212.14589v1
2023-01-12
Time Domain Verification of Differential Transmission Line Modeling Methods
The advantages and limitations of time-domain pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) excitation methods for system identification of individual modes within a multi-conductor transmission system are discussed. We develop the modifications necessary to standard frequency-domain transmission-line models to match time-domain experimental data from several types of transmission systems. We show a variety of experimental results showing very good to excellent agreement with our model's predictions, up to approximately 10 GHz.
2301.05281v1
2023-01-17
Power Supply Compensation for Capacitive Loads
As ASIC supply voltages approach one volt, the source-impedance goals for power distribution networks are driven ever lower as well. One approach to achieving these goals is to add decoupling capacitors of various values until the desired impedance profile is obtained. An unintended consequence of this approach can be reduced power supply stability and even oscillation. In this paper, we present a case study of a system design which encountered these problems and we describe how these problems were resolved. Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis techniques are discussed and measured data is presented.
2301.09580v1
2023-01-17
Applications of Optimization Routines in Signal Integrity Analysis
Signal integrity analysis often involves the development of design guidelines through manual manipulation of circuit parameters and judicious interpretation of results. Such an approach can result in significant effort and sub-optimal conclusions. Optimization routines have been well proven to aid analysis across a variety of common tasks. In addition, there are several non-traditional applications where optimization can be useful. This paper begins by describing the basics of optimization followed by two specific case studies where non-traditional optimization provides significant improvements in both analysis efficiency and channel performance.
2301.10157v1
2023-01-17
High Speed Parallel Signal Crosstalk Cancellation Concept
High performance computing (HPC) systems make extensive use of high speed electrical interconnects, in routing signals among processing elements, or between processing elements and memory. Increasing bandwidth demands result in high density, parallel I/O exposed to crosstalk due to tightly coupled transmission lines. The crosstalk cancellation signaling concept discussed in this paper utilizes the known, predictable theory of coupled transmission lines to cancel crosstalk from neighboring traces with carefully chosen resistive cross-terminations between them. Through simulation and analysis of practical bus architectures, we explore the merits of crosstalk cancellation which could be used in dense interconnect HPC (or other) applications.
2301.10170v1
2023-04-05
Elimination and Factorization
If a matrix $A$ has rank $r$, then its row echelon form (from elimination) contains the identity matrix in its first $r$ independent columns. How do we \emph{interpret the matrix} $F$ that appears in the remaining columns of that echelon form\,? $F$ multiplies those first $r$ independent columns of $A$ to give its $n-r$ dependent columns. Then $F$ reveals bases for the row space and the nullspace of the original matrix $A$. And $F$ is the key to the column-row factorization $\boldsymbol{A}=\boldsymbol{CR}$.
2304.02659v1
2023-04-25
Jet: Multilevel Graph Partitioning on Graphics Processing Units
The multilevel heuristic is the dominant strategy for high-quality sequential and parallel graph partitioning. Partition refinement is a key step of multilevel graph partitioning. In this work, we present Jet, a new parallel algorithm for partition refinement specifically designed for Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). We combine Jet with GPU-aware coarsening to develop a $k$-way graph partitioner, the Jet partitioner. The new partitioner achieves superior quality compared to state-of-the-art shared memory partitioners on a large collection of test graphs.
2304.13194v2
2023-05-16
QHDL: a Low-Level Circuit Description Language for Quantum Computing
This paper proposes a descriptive language called QHDL, akin to VHDL, to program gate-based quantum computing systems. Unlike other popular quantum programming languages, QHDL targets low-level quantum computing programming and aims to provide a common framework for programming FPGAs and gate-based quantum computing systems. The paper presents an initial implementation and design principles of the QHDL framework, including a compiler and quantum computer simulator. We discuss the challenges of low-level integration of streaming models and quantum computing for programming FPGAs and gate-based quantum computing systems.
2305.09419v1
2023-05-21
An Alternative Derivation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation for Saturated Ferromagnets
The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for rigid and saturated ferromagnets is derived using a two-continuum model constructed by H.F. Tiersten for elastic and saturated ferromagnets. The relevant basic laws of physics are applied systematically to the two continua or their combination. The exchange interaction is introduced into the model through surface distributed magnetic couples. This leads to a continuum theory with magnetization gradients in the stored energy density. The saturation condition of the magnetization functions as constraints on the energy density and has implications in the constitutive relations.
2305.18232v1
2023-06-25
Gilbert's conjecture and A new way to octonionic analytic functions from the clifford analysis
In this article we will give a affirmative answer to Gilbert's conjecture on Hardy spaces of Clifford analytic functions in upper half-space of $\mathbb{R}^8$. It depends on a explicit construction of Spinor space $\mathcal{R}_8$ and Clifford algebra $Cl_8$ by octonion algbra. What's more , it gives us an associative way to octonionic analytic function theory. And the similar question has been discussed in Octonionic Hardy space in upper-half space, some classical results about octonionic analytic functions have been reformulated, too.
2306.14164v1
2023-06-28
Stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations for frustrated magnets under fluctuating currents
We examine a stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for a frustrated ferromagnet with competing first and second order exchange interactions exposed to deterministic and random spin transfer torques in form of transport noise. We prove the existence and pathwise uniqueness of weak martingale solutions in the energy space. The result ensures the persistence of topological patterns, occurring in such magnetic systems, under the influence of a fluctuating spin current.
2306.15843v1
2023-07-28
MDS, Hermitian Almost MDS, and Gilbert-Varshamov Quantum Codes from Generalized Monomial-Cartesian Codes
We construct new stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes from generalized monomial-Cartesian codes. Our construction uses an explicitly defined twist vector, and we present formulas for the minimum distance and dimension. Generalized monomial-Cartesian codes arise from polynomials in $m$ variables. When $m=1$ our codes are MDS, and when $m=2$ and our lower bound for the minimum distance is $3$ the codes are at least Hermitian Almost MDS. For an infinite family of parameters when $m=2$ we prove that our codes beat the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. We also present many examples of our codes that are better than any known code in the literature.
2307.15488v1
2023-09-06
Optimal Control of the 2D Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation with Control Energy in Effective Magnetic Field
The optimal control of magnetization dynamics in a ferromagnetic sample at a microscopic scale is studied. The dynamics of this model is governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation on a two-dimensional bounded domain with the external magnetic field (the control) applied through the effective field. We prove the global existence and uniqueness of a regular solution in $\mathbb S^2$ under a smallness condition on control and initial data. We establish the existence of optimal control and derive a first-order necessary optimality condition using the Fr\'echet derivative of the control-to-state operator and adjoint problem approach.
2309.02786v1
2023-09-22
Relaxed optimal control for the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation
We consider the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, perturbed by a real-valued Wiener process. We add an external control to the effective field as an attempt to drive the magnetization to a desired state and also to control thermal fluctuations. We use the theory of Young measures to relax the given control problem along with the associated cost. We consider a control operator that can depend (possibly non-linearly) on both the control and the associated solution. Moreover, we consider a fairly general associated cost functional without any special convexity assumption. We use certain compactness arguments, along with the Jakubowski version of the Skorohod Theorem to show that the relaxed problem admits an optimal control.
2309.12556v1
2023-11-29
Bayesian interpretation of Backus-Gilbert methods
The extraction of spectral densities from Euclidean correlators evaluated on the lattice is an important problem, as these quantities encode physical information on scattering amplitudes, finite-volume spectra, inclusive decay rates, and transport coefficients. In this contribution, we show that the Bayesian approach to this "inverse" problem, based on Gaussian processes, can be reformulated in a way that yields a solution equivalent, up to statistical uncertainties, to the one obtained in a Backus-Gilbert approach. After discussing this equivalence, we point out its implications for a reliable determination of spectral densities from lattice simulations.
2311.18125v1
2024-01-14
Multilevel Metamodels: A Novel Approach to Enhance Efficiency and Generalizability in Monte Carlo Simulation Studies
Metamodels, or the regression analysis of Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) results, provide a powerful tool to summarize MCS findings. However, an as of yet unexplored approach is the use of multilevel metamodels (MLMM) that better account for the dependent data structure of MCS results that arises from fitting multiple models to the same simulated data set. In this study, we articulate the theoretical rationale for the MLMM and illustrate how it can dramatically improve efficiency over the traditional regression approach, better account for complex MCS designs, and provide new insights into the generalizability of MCS findings.
2401.07294v2
2024-02-29
Evaluating the Gilbert-Varshamov Bound for Constrained Systems
We revisit the well-known Gilbert-Varshamov (GV) bound for constrained systems. In 1991, Kolesnik and Krachkovsky showed that GV bound can be determined via the solution of some optimization problem. Later, Marcus and Roth (1992) modified the optimization problem and improved the GV bound in many instances. In this work, we provide explicit numerical procedures to solve these two optimization problems and hence, compute the bounds. We then show the procedures can be further simplified when we plot the respective curves. In the case where the graph presentation comprise a single state, we provide explicit formulas for both bounds.
2402.18869v1
1992-06-18
Wormholes and Supersymmetry
Revisions: reference added to: G. Gilbert, {\sl Nucl.Phys.} {\bf B328}, 159 (1989)
9206072v2
1993-05-26
Musings on Magnus
The object of this paper is to describe a simple method for proving that certain groups are residually torsion-free nilpotent, to describe some new parafree groups and to raise some new problems in honour of the memory of Wilhelm Magnus.
9305201v1
2001-10-17
Expected number of distinct part sizes in a random integer composition
The asymptotics, as $n\to\infty$, for the expected number of distinct part sizes in a random composition of an integer n is obtained.
0110189v1
2003-12-29
Non-hopfian relatively free groups
To solve problems of Gilbert Baumslag and Hanna Neumann, posed in the 1960's, we construct a nontrivial variety of groups all of whose noncyclic free groups are non-hopfian.
0312491v1
2005-10-26
Winning rate in the full-information best choice problem
Following a long-standing suggestion by Gilbert and Mosteller, we derive an explicit formula for the asymptotic winning rate in the full-information problem of the best choice.
0510568v3
2007-12-20
The dark matter as a light gravitino (II)
We address the question of gravitino dark matter in the context of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking models.
0712.3465v1
2014-02-25
Du-Hwang Characteristic Area: Catch-22
The paper is devoted to description of two interconnected mistakes generated by the gap in the Du and Hwang approach to Gilbert-Pollack Steiner ratio conjecture.
1402.6079v1
2016-06-01
Existence of arbitrarily smooth solutions of the LLG equation in 3D with natural boundary conditions
We prove that the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in three space dimensions with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions admits arbitrarily smooth solutions, given that the initial data is sufficiently close to a constant function.
1606.00086v1
2018-10-28
Asymptotic Gilbert-Varshamov bound on Frequency Hopping Sequences
Given a $q$-ary frequency hopping sequence set of length $n$ and size $M$ with Hamming correlation $H$, one can obtain a $q$-ary (nonlinear) cyclic code of length $n$ and size $nM$ with Hamming distance $n-H$. Thus, every upper bound on the size of a code from coding theory gives an upper bound on the size of a frequency hopping sequence set. Indeed, all upper bounds from coding theory have been converted to upper bounds on frequency hopping sequence sets (\cite{Ding09}). On the other hand, a lower bound from coding theory does not automatically produce a lower bound for frequency hopping sequence sets. In particular, the most important lower bound--the Gilbert-Varshamov bound in coding theory has not been transformed to frequency hopping sequence sets. The purpose of this paper is to convert the Gilbert-Varshamov bound in coding theory to frequency hopping sequence sets by establishing a connection between a special family of cyclic codes (which are called hopping cyclic codes in this paper) and frequency hopping sequence sets. We provide two proofs of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound. One is based on probabilistic method that requires advanced tool--martingale. This proof covers the whole rate region. The other proof is purely elementary but only covers part of the rate region.
1810.11757v2
2020-05-26
Reidemeister Moves in Gauss Diagrams
We provide a simple algorithm for recognizing and performing Reidemeister moves in a Gauss diagram.
2005.12957v1
2021-05-26
Lee Weight for Nonbinary Quantum Error Correction
We propose the quantum Lee weight for quantum errors, provide a Gilbert-Varshamov type bound, and a code construction for the proposed weight.
2105.12354v1
2021-09-19
Compactness of isospectral conformal Finslerian metrics set on a 3-manifold
Let F be a Finslerian metric on an n-dimensional closed manifold M. In this work, we study problems about compactness of isospectral sets of conformal Finslerian metrics when n=3.
2110.06338v2
2001-05-31
Lower bound for the quantum capacity of a discrete memoryless quantum channel
We generalize the random coding argument of stabilizer codes and derive a lower bound on the quantum capacity of an arbitrary discrete memoryless quantum channel. For the depolarizing channel, our lower bound coincides with that obtained by Bennett et al. We also slightly improve the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound for general stabilizer codes, and establish an analogue of the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound for linear stabilizer codes. Our proof is restricted to the binary quantum channels, but its extension of to l-adic channels is straightforward.
0105151v4
2007-08-30
Asymptotic improvement of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound for linear codes
The Gilbert-Varshamov bound states that the maximum size A_2(n,d) of a binary code of length n and minimum distance d satisfies A_2(n,d) >= 2^n/V(n,d-1) where V(n,d) stands for the volume of a Hamming ball of radius d. Recently Jiang and Vardy showed that for binary non-linear codes this bound can be improved to A_2(n,d) >= cn2^n/V(n,d-1) for c a constant and d/n <= 0.499. In this paper we show that certain asymptotic families of linear binary [n,n/2] random double circulant codes satisfy the same improved Gilbert-Varshamov bound.
0708.4164v1
2007-09-26
Finite Element Formalism for Micromagnetism
The aim of this work is to present the details of the finite element approach we developed for solving the Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equations in order to be able to treat problems involving complex geometries. There are several possibilities to solve the complex Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equations numerically. Our method is based on a Galerkin-type finite element approach. We start with the dynamic Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equations, the associated boundary condition and the constraint on the magnetization norm. We derive the weak form required by the finite element method. This weak form is afterwards integrated on the domain of calculus. We compared the results obtained with our finite element approach with the ones obtained by a finite difference method. The results being in very good agreement, we can state that our approach is well adapted for 2D micromagnetic systems.
0709.4153v1
2009-05-07
Heat transport in stochastic energy exchange models of locally confined hard spheres
We study heat transport in a class of stochastic energy exchange systems that characterize the interactions of networks of locally trapped hard spheres under the assumption that neighbouring particles undergo rare binary collisions. Our results provide an extension to three-dimensional dynamics of previous ones applying to the dynamics of confined two-dimensional hard disks [Gaspard P & Gilbert T On the derivation of Fourier's law in stochastic energy exchange systems J Stat Mech (2008) P11021]. It is remarkable that the heat conductivity is here again given by the frequency of energy exchanges. Moreover the expression of the stochastic kernel which specifies the energy exchange dynamics is simpler in this case and therefore allows for faster and more extensive numerical computations.
0905.1051v1
2011-08-15
Hydrodynamics of self-alignment interactions with precession and derivation of the Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation
We consider a kinetic model of self-propelled particles with alignment interaction and with precession about the alignment direction. We derive a hydrodynamic system for the local density and velocity orientation of the particles. The system consists of the conservative equation for the local density and a non-conservative equation for the orientation. First, we assume that the alignment interaction is purely local and derive a first order system. However, we show that this system may lose its hyperbolicity. Under the assumption of weakly non-local interaction, we derive diffusive corrections to the first order system which lead to the combination of a heat flow of the harmonic map and Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert dynamics. In the particular case of zero self-propelling speed, the resulting model reduces to the phenomenological Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equations. Therefore the present theory provides a kinetic formulation of classical micromagnetization models and spin dynamics.
1108.2951v1
2011-09-30
Magnetization Dynamics, Gyromagnetic Relation, and Inertial Effects
The gyromagnetic relation - i.e. the proportionality between the angular momentum $\vec L$ (defined by an inertial tensor) and the magnetization $\vec M$ - is evidence of the intimate connections between the magnetic properties and the inertial properties of ferromagnetic bodies. However, inertia is absent from the dynamics of a magnetic dipole (the Landau-Lifshitz equation, the Gilbert equation and the Bloch equation contain only the first derivative of the magnetization with respect to time). In order to investigate this paradoxical situation, the lagrangian approach (proposed originally by T. H. Gilbert) is revisited keeping an arbitrary nonzero inertial tensor. A dynamic equation generalized to the inertial regime is obtained. It is shown how both the usual gyromagnetic relation and the well-known Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation are recovered at the kinetic limit, i.e. for time scales above the relaxation time $\tau$ of the angular momentum.
1109.6782v1
2012-08-28
Decomposition of modified Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and corresponding analytic solutions
The Suzuki-Trotter decomposition in general allows one to divide the equation of motion of a dynamical system into smaller parts whose integration are easier than the original equation. In this study, we first rewrite by employing feasible approximations the modified Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for localized spins in a suitable form for simulations using the Suzuki-Trotter decomposition. Next we decompose the equation into parts and demonstrate that the parts are classified into three groups, each of which can be solved exactly. Since the modified Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation from which we start is in rather a general form, simulations of spin dynamics in various systems accompanying only small numerical errors are possible.
1208.5545v1
2013-11-20
Asymptotic Improvement of the Gilbert-Varshamov Bound on the Size of Permutation Codes
Given positive integers $n$ and $d$, let $M(n,d)$ denote the maximum size of a permutation code of length $n$ and minimum Hamming distance $d$. The Gilbert-Varshamov bound asserts that $M(n,d) \geq n!/V(n,d-1)$ where $V(n,d)$ is the volume of a Hamming sphere of radius $d$ in $\S_n$. Recently, Gao, Yang, and Ge showed that this bound can be improved by a factor $\Omega(\log n)$, when $d$ is fixed and $n \to \infty$. Herein, we consider the situation where the ratio $d/n$ is fixed and improve the Gilbert-Varshamov bound by a factor that is \emph{linear in $n$}. That is, we show that if $d/n < 0.5$, then $$ M(n,d)\geq cn\,\frac{n!}{V(n,d-1)} $$ where $c$ is a positive constant that depends only on $d/n$. To establish this result, we follow the method of Jiang and Vardy. Namely, we recast the problem of bounding $M(n,d)$ into a graph-theoretic framework and prove that the resulting graph is locally sparse.
1311.4925v1
2016-11-21
On the List-Decodability of Random Self-Orthogonal Codes
In 2011, Guruswami-H{\aa}stad-Kopparty \cite{Gru} showed that the list-decodability of random linear codes is as good as that of general random codes. In the present paper, we further strengthen the result by showing that the list-decodability of random {\it Euclidean self-orthogonal} codes is as good as that of general random codes as well, i.e., achieves the classical Gilbert-Varshamov bound. Specifically, we show that, for any fixed finite field $\F_q$, error fraction $\delta\in (0,1-1/q)$ satisfying $1-H_q(\delta)\le \frac12$ and small $\epsilon>0$, with high probability a random Euclidean self-orthogonal code over $\F_q$ of rate $1-H_q(\delta)-\epsilon$ is $(\delta, O(1/\epsilon))$-list-decodable. This generalizes the result of linear codes to Euclidean self-orthogonal codes. In addition, we extend the result to list decoding {\it symplectic dual-containing} codes by showing that the list-decodability of random symplectic dual-containing codes achieves the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound as well. This implies that list-decodability of quantum stabilizer codes can achieve the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound. The counting argument on self-orthogonal codes is an important ingredient to prove our result.
1611.06673v1
2017-11-29
Linear second-order IMEX-type integrator for the (eddy current) Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation
Combining ideas from [Alouges et al. (Numer. Math., 128, 2014)] and [Praetorius et al. (Comput. Math. Appl., 2017)], we propose a numerical algorithm for the integration of the nonlinear and time-dependent Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation which is unconditionally convergent, formally (almost) second-order in time, and requires only the solution of one linear system per time-step. Only the exchange contribution is integrated implicitly in time, while the lower-order contributions like the computationally expensive stray field are treated explicitly in time. Then, we extend the scheme to the coupled system of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with the eddy current approximation of Maxwell equations (ELLG). Unlike existing schemes for this system, the new integrator is unconditionally convergent, (almost) second-order in time, and requires only the solution of two linear systems per time-step.
1711.10715v1
2017-12-28
Subquadratic time encodable codes beating the Gilbert-Varshamov bound
We construct explicit algebraic geometry codes built from the Garcia-Stichtenoth function field tower beating the Gilbert-Varshamov bound for alphabet sizes at least 192. Messages are identied with functions in certain Riemann-Roch spaces associated with divisors supported on multiple places. Encoding amounts to evaluating these functions at degree one places. By exploiting algebraic structures particular to the Garcia-Stichtenoth tower, we devise an intricate deterministic \omega/2 < 1.19 runtime exponent encoding and 1+\omega/2 < 2.19 expected runtime exponent randomized (unique and list) decoding algorithms. Here \omega < 2.373 is the matrix multiplication exponent. If \omega = 2, as widely believed, the encoding and decoding runtimes are respectively nearly linear and nearly quadratic. Prior to this work, encoding (resp. decoding) time of code families beating the Gilbert-Varshamov bound were quadratic (resp. cubic) or worse.
1712.10052v2
2018-11-15
Hilbert-Schmidt distance and entanglement witnessing
Gilbert proposed an algorithm for bounding the distance between a given point and a convex set. In this article we apply the Gilbert's algorithm to get an upper bound on the Hilbert-Schmidt distance between a given state and the set of separable states. While Hilbert Schmidt Distance does not form a proper entanglement measure, it can nevertheless be useful for witnessing entanglement. We provide here a few methods based on the Gilbert's algorithm that can reliably qualify a given state as strongly entangled or practically separable, while being computationally efficient. The method also outputs successively improved approximations to the Closest Separable State for the given state. We demonstrate the efficacy of the method with examples.
1811.06599v3
2020-02-13
Age of Information with Gilbert-Elliot Servers and Samplers
We study age of information in a status updating system that consists of a single sampler, i.e., source node, that sends time-sensitive status updates to a single monitor node through a server node. We first consider a Gilbert-Elliot service profile at the server node. In this model, service times at the server node follow a finite state Markov chain with two states: ${bad}$ state $b$ and ${good}$ state $g$ where the server is faster in state $g$. We determine the time average age experienced by the monitor node and characterize the age-optimal state transition matrix $P$ with and without an average cost constraint on the service operation. Next, we consider a Gilbert-Elliot sampling profile at the source. In this model, the interarrival times follow a finite state Markov chain with two states: ${bad}$ state $b$ and ${good}$ state $g$ where samples are more frequent in state $g$. We find the time average age experienced by the monitor node and characterize the age-optimal state transition matrix $P$.
2002.05711v1
2005-08-26
Damping of MHD turbulence in Solar Flares
(Abridged) We describe the cascade of plasma waves or turbulence injected, presumably by reconnection, at scales comparable to the size of a solar flare loop to scales comparable to particle gyroradii, and evaluate their damping by various mechanisms. We show that the classical viscous damping is unimportant for magnetically dominated or low beta plasmas and the primary damping mechanism is the collisionless damping by the background particles. We show that the damping rate is proportional to the total random momentum density of the particles. For solar flare conditions this means that in most flares, except the very large ones, the damping is dominated by thermal background electrons. For large flares one requires acceleration of essentially all background electrons into a nonthermal distribution so that the accelerated electrons can be important in the damping of the waves. In general, damping by thermal or nonthermal protons is negligible compared to that of electrons except for quasi-perpendicular propagating waves or for rare proton dominated flares with strong nuclear gamma-ray line emission. Using the rate for damping we determine the critical scale below which the damping becomes important and the spectrum of the turbulence steepens. This critical scale, however, has strong dependence on the angle of propagation with respect to the magnetic field direction. The waves can cascade down to very small scales, such as the gyroradii of the particles at small angles (quasi-parallel propagation) and possibly near 90 degree (quasi-perpendicular propagation) giving rise to a highly anisotropic spectral distribution.
0508567v1
2011-07-27
Constraint damping for the Z4c formulation of general relativity
One possibility for avoiding constraint violation in numerical relativity simulations adopting free-evolution schemes is to modify the continuum evolution equations so that constraint violations are damped away. Gundlach et. al. demonstrated that such a scheme damps low amplitude, high frequency constraint violating modes exponentially for the Z4 formulation of General Relativity. Here we analyze the effect of the damping scheme in numerical applications on a conformal decomposition of Z4. After reproducing the theoretically predicted damping rates of constraint violations in the linear regime, we explore numerical solutions not covered by the theoretical analysis. In particular we examine the effect of the damping scheme on low-frequency and on high-amplitude perturbations of flat spacetime as well and on the long-term dynamics of puncture and compact star initial data in the context of spherical symmetry. We find that the damping scheme is effective provided that the constraint violation is resolved on the numerical grid. On grid noise the combination of artificial dissipation and damping helps to suppress constraint violations. We find that care must be taken in choosing the damping parameter in simulations of puncture black holes. Otherwise the damping scheme can cause undesirable growth of the constraints, and even qualitatively incorrect evolutions. In the numerical evolution of a compact static star we find that the choice of the damping parameter is even more delicate, but may lead to a small decrease of constraint violation. For a large range of values it results in unphysical behavior.
1107.5539v2
1999-11-24
Damped Lyman alpha absorber and the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function at high redshift
We combine predictions for several hierarchical cosmogonies with observational evidence on damped Lyman alpha systems to establish a correspondence between the high redshift galaxy population and the properties of damped Lyman alpha systems. We assume that high redshift galaxies and damped Lyman alpha systems are hosted by the same dark matter halos and require consistency between the predicted halo space density, the rate of incidence and the velocity width distribution of damped Lyman alpha systems, and the observed galaxy luminosity function at the bright end. We arrive at the following results: (1) predicted impact parameters between the damped absorption system and the luminous part of the absorbing galaxy are expected to be very small (0.3 - 1arcsec) for most galaxies; (2) luminosities of galaxies causing damped absorption are generally fainter than m_R = 25 and damped Lyman alpha systems are predicted to sample preferentially the outer regions of galaxies at the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function at high redshift. Therefore, DLAS should currently provide the best probe of the progenitors of normal present-day galaxies.
9911447v1
2003-03-13
An explicit unconditionally stable numerical method for solving damped nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a focusing nonlinearity
This paper introduces an extension of the time-splitting sine-spectral (TSSP) method for solving damped focusing nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations (NLS). The method is explicit, unconditionally stable and time transversal invariant. Moreover, it preserves the exact decay rate for the normalization of the wave function if linear damping terms are added to the NLS. Extensive numerical tests are presented for cubic focusing nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations in 2d with a linear, cubic or a quintic damping term. Our numerical results show that quintic or cubic damping always arrests blowup, while linear damping can arrest blowup only when the damping parameter $\dt$ is larger than a threshold value $\dt_{\rm th}$. We note that our method can also be applied to solve the 3d Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a quintic damping term to model the dynamics of a collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
0303158v1
2004-11-03
Quantum probability applied to the damped harmonic oscillator
In this introductory course we sketch the framework of quantum probability in order to discuss open quantum systems, in particular the damped harmonic oscillator.
0411024v1
2006-11-23
Path integrals and wavepacket evolution for damped mechanical systems
Damped mechanical systems with various forms of damping are quantized using the path integral formalism. In particular, we obtain the path integral kernel for the linearly damped harmonic oscillator and a particle in a uniform gravitational field with linearly or quadratically damped motion. In each case, we study the evolution of Gaussian wavepackets and discuss the characteristic features that help us distinguish between different types of damping. For quadratic damping, we show that the action and equation of motion of such a system has a connection with the zero dimensional version of a currently popular scalar field theory. Furthermore we demonstrate that the equation of motion (for quadratic damping) can be identified as a geodesic equation in a fictitious two-dimensional space.
0611239v1
2007-07-05
Damping of bulk excitations over an elongated BEC - the role of radial modes
We report the measurement of Beliaev damping of bulk excitations in cigar shaped Bose Einstein condensates of atomic vapor. By using post selection, excitation line shapes of the total population are compared with those of the undamped excitations. We find that the damping depends on the initial excitation energy of the decaying quasi particle, as well as on the excitation momentum. We model the condensate as an infinite cylinder and calculate the damping rates of the different radial modes. The derived damping rates are in good agreement with the experimentally measured ones. The damping rates strongly depend on the destructive interference between pathways for damping, due to the quantum many-body nature of both excitation and damping products.
0707.0776v1
2008-09-22
Damping in 2D and 3D dilute Bose gases
Damping in 2D and 3D dilute gases is investigated using both the hydrodynamical approach and the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) approximation . We found that the both methods are good for the Beliaev damping at zero temperature and Landau damping at very low temperature, however, at high temperature, the hydrodynamical approach overestimates the Landau damping and the HFB gives a better approximation. This result shows that the comparison of the theoretical calculation using the hydrodynamical approach and the experimental data for high temperature done by Vincent Liu (PRL {\bf21} 4056 (1997)) is not proper. For two-dimensional systems, we show that the Beliaev damping rate is proportional to $k^3$ and the Landau damping rate is proportional to $ T^2$ for low temperature and to $T$ for high temperature. We also show that in two dimensions the hydrodynamical approach gives the same result for zero temperature and for low temperature as HFB, but overestimates the Landau damping for high temperature.
0809.3632v3
2008-12-08
Landau Damping and Alfven Eigenmodes of Neutron Star Torsion Oscillations
Torsion oscillations of the neutron star crust are Landau damped by the Alfven continuum in the bulk. For strong magnetic fields (in magnetars), undamped Alfven eigenmodes appear.
0812.1570v1
2010-09-24
Spatial Damping of Propagating Kink Waves in Prominence Threads
Transverse oscillations and propagating waves are frequently observed in threads of solar prominences/filaments and have been interpreted as kink magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes. We investigate the spatial damping of propagating kink MHD waves in transversely nonuniform and partially ionized prominence threads. Resonant absorption and ion-neutral collisions (Cowling's diffusion) are the damping mechanisms taken into account. The dispersion relation of resonant kink waves in a partially ionized magnetic flux tube is numerically solved by considering prominence conditions. Analytical expressions of the wavelength and damping length as functions of the kink mode frequency are obtained in the Thin Tube and Thin Boundary approximations. For typically reported periods of thread oscillations, resonant absorption is an efficient mechanism for the kink mode spatial damping, while ion-neutral collisions have a minor role. Cowling's diffusion dominates both the propagation and damping for periods much shorter than those observed. Resonant absorption may explain the observed spatial damping of kink waves in prominence threads. The transverse inhomogeneity length scale of the threads can be estimated by comparing the observed wavelengths and damping lengths with the theoretically predicted values. However, the ignorance of the form of the density profile in the transversely nonuniform layer introduces inaccuracies in the determination of the inhomogeneity length scale.
1009.4871v1
2012-08-01
Artificial Neural Network Based Prediction of Optimal Pseudo-Damping and Meta-Damping in Oscillatory Fractional Order Dynamical Systems
This paper investigates typical behaviors like damped oscillations in fractional order (FO) dynamical systems. Such response occurs due to the presence of, what is conceived as, pseudo-damping and meta-damping in some special class of FO systems. Here, approximation of such damped oscillation in FO systems with the conventional notion of integer order damping and time constant has been carried out using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Next, a multilayer feed-forward Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been trained using the GA based results to predict the optimal pseudo and meta-damping from knowledge of the maximum order or number of terms in the FO dynamical system.
1208.0318v1
2012-08-27
Optimization of the damped quantum search
The damped quantum search proposed in [A. Mizel, Phys. Rev. Lett., 102 150501 (2009)] was analyzed by calculating the highest possible probability of finding the target state in each iteration. A new damping parameter that depends on the number of iterations was obtained, this was compared to the critical damping parameter for different values of target to database size ratio. The result shows that the range of the new damping parameter as a function of the target to database size ratio increases as the number of iterations is increased. Furthermore, application of the new damping parameter per iteration on the damped quantum search scheme shows a significant improvement on some target to database size ratio (i.e. greater than or equal to 50% maximum percentage difference) over the critically damped quantum search.
1208.5475v1
2013-04-03
Damping the zero-point energy of a harmonic oscillator
The physics of quantum electromagnetism in an absorbing medium is that of a field of damped harmonic oscillators. Yet until recently the damped harmonic oscillator was not treated with the same kind of formalism used to describe quantum electrodynamics in a arbitrary medium. Here we use the techniques of macroscopic QED, based on the Huttner--Barnett reservoir, to describe the quantum mechanics of a damped oscillator. We calculate the thermal and zero-point energy of the oscillator for a range of damping values from zero to infinity. While both the thermal and zero-point energies decrease with damping, the energy stored in the oscillator at fixed temperature increases with damping, an effect that may be experimentally observable. As the results follow from canonical quantization, the uncertainty principle is valid for all damping levels.
1304.0977v2
2015-05-28
Damping factors for head-tail modes at strong space charge
This paper suggests how feedback and Landau damping can be taken into account for transverse oscillations of bunched beam at strong space charge.
1505.07704v1
2015-06-18
Damping of MHD turbulence in partially ionized plasma: implications for cosmic ray propagation
We study the damping from neutral-ion collisions of both incompressible and compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in partially ionized medium. We start from the linear analysis of MHD waves applying both single-fluid and two-fluid treatments. The damping rates derived from the linear analysis are then used in determining the damping scales of MHD turbulence. The physical connection between the damping scale of MHD turbulence and cutoff boundary of linear MHD waves is investigated. Our analytical results are shown to be applicable in a variety of partially ionized interstellar medium (ISM) phases and solar chromosphere. As a significant astrophysical utility, we introduce damping effects to propagation of cosmic rays in partially ionized ISM. The important role of turbulence damping in both transit-time damping and gyroresonance is identified.
1506.05585v1
2016-02-04
Damping Evaluation for Free Vibration of Spherical Structures in Elastodynamic-Acoustic Interaction
This paper discusses the free vibration of elastic spherical structures in the presence of an externally unbounded acoustic medium. In this vibration, damping associated with the radiation of energy from the confined solid medium to the surrounding acoustic medium is observed. Evaluating the coupled system response (solid displacement and acoustic pressure) and characterizing the acoustic radiation damping in conjunction with the media properties are the main objectives of this research. In this work, acoustic damping is demonstrated for two problems: the thin spherical shell and the solid sphere. The mathematical approach followed in solving these coupled problems is based on the Laplace transform method. The linear under-damped harmonic oscillator is the reference model for damping estimation. The damping evaluation is performed in frequency as well as in time domains; both investigations lead to identical damping factor expressions.
1604.06738v1
2017-09-05
Enhancement of space-charge induced damping due to reactive impedances for head-tail modes
Landau damping of head-tail modes in bunches due to spreads in the tune shift can be a deciding factor for beam stability. We demonstrate that the coherent tune shifts due to reactive impedances can enhance the space-charge induced damping and change the stability thresholds (here, a reactive impedance implies the imaginary part of the impedance of both signs). For example, high damping rates at strong space-charge, or damping of the $k=0$ mode, can be possible. It is shown and explained, how the negative reactive impedances (causing negative coherent tune shifts similarly to the effect of space-charge) can enhance the Landau damping, while the positive coherent tune shifts have an opposite effect. It is shown that the damping rate is a function of the coherent mode position in the incoherent spectrum, in accordance with the concept of the interaction of a collective mode with resonant particles. We present an analytical model, which allows for quantitative predictions of damping thresholds for different head-tail modes, for arbitrary space-charge and coherent tune-shift conditions, as it is verified using particle tracking simulations.
1709.01425v1
2018-05-21
Critical damping in nonviscously damped linear systems
In structural dynamics, energy dissipative mechanisms with non-viscous damping are characterized by their dependence on the time-history of the response velocity, mathematically represented by convolution integrals involving hereditary functions. Combination of damping parameters in the dissipative model can lead the system to be overdamped in some (or all) modes. In the domain of the damping parameters, the thresholds between induced oscillatory and non--oscillatory motion are called critical damping surfaces (or manifolds, since we can have a lot of parameters). In this paper a general method to obtain critical damping surfaces for nonviscously damped systems is proposed. The approach is based on transforming the algebraic equations which defined implicitly the critical curves into a system of differential equations. The derivations are validated with three numerical methods covering single and multiple degree of freedom systems.
1805.08022v1
2018-11-01
Hereditary effects of exponentially damped oscillators with past histories
Hereditary effects of exponentially damped oscillators with past histories are considered in this paper. Nonviscously damped oscillators involve hereditary damping forces which depend on time-histories of vibrating motions via convolution integrals over exponentially decaying functions. As a result, this kind of oscillators are said to have memory. In this work, initialization for nonviscously damped oscillators is firstly proposed. Unlike the classical viscously damped ones, information of the past history of response velocity is necessary to fully determine the dynamic behaviors of nonviscously damped oscillators. Then, initialization response of exponentially damped oscillators is obtained to characterize the hereditary effects on the dynamic response. At last, stability of initialization response is proved and the hereditary effects are shown to gradually recede with increasing of time.
1811.00216v1
2019-08-01
The Temperature-dependent Damping of Propagating Slow Magnetoacoustic Waves
The rapid damping of slow magnetoacoustic waves in the solar corona has been extensively studied in previous years. Most studies suggest that thermal conduction is a dominant contributor to this damping, albeit with a few exceptions. Employing extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) imaging data from SDO/AIA, we measure the damping lengths of propagating slow magnetoacoustic waves observed in several fan-like loop structures using two independent methods. The dependence of the damping length on temperature has been studied for the first time. The results do not indicate any apparent decrease in damping length with temperature, which is in contrast to the existing viewpoint. Comparing with the corresponding theoretical values calculated from damping due to thermal conduction, it is inferred that thermal conduction is suppressed in hotter loops. An alternative interpretation that suggests thermal conduction is not the dominant damping mechanism, even for short period waves in warm active region loops, is also presented.
1908.00384v1
2019-10-14
Decay rates for the damped wave equation with finite regularity damping
Decay rates for the energy of solutions of the damped wave equation on the torus are studied. In particular, damping invariant in one direction and equal to a sum of squares of nonnegative functions with a particular number of derivatives of regularity is considered. For such damping energy decays at rate $1/t^{2/3}$. If additional regularity is assumed the decay rate improves. When such a damping is smooth the energy decays at $1/t^{4/5-\delta}$. The proof uses a positive commutator argument and relies on a pseudodifferential calculus for low regularity symbols.
1910.06372v3
2022-07-01
Seismic Response of Yielding Structures Coupled to Rocking Walls with Supplemental Damping
Given that the coupling of a framing structure to a strong, rocking wall enforces a first-mode response, this paper investigates the dynamic response of a yielding single-degree-of-freedom oscillator coupled to a rocking wall with supplemental damping (hysteretic or linear viscous) along its sides. The full nonlinear equations of motion are derived, and the study presents an earthquake response analysis in term of inelastic spectra. The study shows that for structures with preyielding period T1<1.0 s the effect of supplemental damping along the sides of the rocking wall is marginal even when large values of damping are used. The study uncovers that occasionally the damped response matches or exceeds the undamped response; however, when this happens, the exceedance is marginal. The paper concludes that for yielding structures with strength less than 10% of their weight the use of supplemental damping along the sides of a rocking wall coupled to a yielding structure is not recommended. The paper shows that supplemental damping along the sides of the rocking wall may have some limited beneficial effects for structures with longer preyielding periods (say T1>1.0 s). Nevertheless, no notable further response reduction is observed when larger values of hysteretic or viscous damping are used.
2207.00641v1
2023-03-08
Material-Geometry Interplay in Damping of Biomimetic Scale Beams
Biomimetic scale-covered substrates are architected meta-structures exhibiting fascinating emergent nonlinearities via the geometry of collective scales contacts. In spite of much progress in understanding their elastic nonlinearity, their dissipative behavior arising from scales sliding is relatively uninvestigated in the dynamic regime. Recently discovered is the phenomena of viscous emergence, where dry Coulomb friction between scales can lead to apparent viscous damping behavior of the overall multi-material substrate. In contrast to this structural dissipation, material dissipation common in many polymers has never been considered, especially synergestically with geometrical factors. This is addressed here for the first time, where material visco-elasticity is introduced via a simple Kelvin-Voigt model for brevity and clarity. The results contrast the two damping sources in these architectured systems: material viscoelasticity, and geometrical frictional scales contact. It is discovered that although topically similar in effective damping, viscoelsatic damping follows a different damping envelope than dry friction, including starkly different effects on damping symmetry and specific damping capacity.
2303.04920v1
1998-03-28
Landau damping and the echo effect in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate
Low energy collective mode of a confined Bose-Einstein condensate should demonstrate the echo effect in the regime of Landau damping. This echo is a signature of reversible nature of Landau damping. General expression for the echo profile is derived in the limit of small amplitudes of the external pulses. Several universal features of the echo are found. The existence of echo in other cases of reversible damping -- Fano effect and Caldeira-Leggett model -- is emphasized. It is suggested to test reversible nature of the damping in the atomic traps by conducting the echo experiment.
9803351v1
2000-07-10
Dephasing of Electrons on Helium by Collisions with Gas Atoms
The damping of quantum effects in the transport properties of electrons deposited on a surface of liquid helium is studied. It is found that due to vertical motion of the helium vapour atoms the interference of paths of duration $t$ is damped by a factor $\exp - (t/\tau_v)^3$. An expression is derived for the weak-localization lineshape in the case that damping occurs by a combination of processes with this type of cubic exponential damping and processes with a simple exponential damping factor.
0007160v1
1997-10-07
Damping rate of plasmons and photons in a degenerate nonrelativistic plasma
A calculation is presented of the plasmon and photon damping rates in a dense nonrelativistic plasma at zero temperature, following the resummation program of Braaten-Pisarski. At small soft momentum $k$, the damping is dominated by $3 \to 2$ scattering processes corresponding to double longitudinal Landau damping. The dampings are proportional to $(\alpha/v_{F})^{3/2} k^2/m$, where $v_{F}$ is the Fermi velocity.
9710260v1
2002-12-16
Influence of damping on the vanishing of the electro-optic effect in chiral isotropic media
Using first principles, it is demonstrated that radiative damping alone cannot lead to a nonvanishing electro-optic effect in a chiral isotropic medium. This conclusion is in contrast with that obtained by a calculation in which damping effects are included using the standard phenomenological model. We show that these predictions differ because the phenomenological damping equations are valid only in regions where the frequencies of the applied electromagnetic fields are nearly resonant with the atomic transitions. We also show that collisional damping can lead to a nonvanishing electrooptic effect, but with a strength sufficiently weak that it is unlikely to be observable under realistic laboratory conditions.
0212089v1
2005-08-28
Simultaneous amplitude and phase damping of a kind of Gaussian states and their separability
We give out the time evolution solution of simultaneous amplitude and phase damping for any continuous variable state. For the simultaneous amplitude and phase damping of a wide class of two- mode entangled Gaussian states, two analytical conditions of the separability are given. One is the sufficient condition of separability. The other is the condition of PPT separability where the Peres-Horodecki criterion is applied. Between the two conditions there may exist bound entanglement. The simplest example is the simultaneous amplitude and phase damping of a two-mode squeezed vacuum state. The damped state is non-Gaussian.
0508209v2
2007-05-14
Identification of the dominant precession damping mechanism in Fe, Co, and Ni by first-principles calculations
The Landau-Lifshitz equation reliably describes magnetization dynamics using a phenomenological treatment of damping. This paper presents first-principles calculations of the damping parameters for Fe, Co, and Ni that quantitatively agree with existing ferromagnetic resonance measurements. This agreement establishes the dominant damping mechanism for these systems and takes a significant step toward predicting and tailoring the damping constants of new materials.
0705.1990v1