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2012-09-26
Effect of rotation of the polarization of linearly polarized microwaves on the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations
Light-matter coupling is investigated by rotating, by an angle \theta, the polarization of linearly polarized microwaves with respect to the long-axis of GaAs/AlGaAs Hall-bar electron devices. At low microwave power, P, experiments show a strong sinusoidal variation in the diagonal resistance R_{xx} vs. \theta at the oscillatory extrema, indicating a linear polarization sensitivity in the microwave radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations. Surprisingly, the phase shift \theta_{0} for maximal oscillatory R_{xx} response under photoexcitation appears dependent upon the radiation-frequency f, the extremum in question, and the magnetic field orientation or sgn(B).
1209.5808v1
2012-09-27
Interaction effects and transport properties of Pt capped Co nanoparticles
We studied the magnetic and transport properties of Co nanoparticles (NPs) being capped with varying amounts of Pt. Beside field and temperature dependent magnetization measurements we performed delta-M measurements to study the magnetic interactions between the Co NPs. We observe a transition from demagnetizing towards magnetizing interactions between the particles for an increasing amount of Pt capping. Resistivity measurements show a crossover from giant magnetoresistance towards anisotropic magnetoresistance.
1209.6255v1
2012-10-18
Possibility of Exciton Mediated Superconductivity in Nano-Sized Sn/Si Core-Shell Clusters: A Process Technology towards Heterogeneous Material in Nano-Scale
We have produced Sn/Si core-shell cluster assemblies by a plasma-gas-condensation cluster beam deposition apparatus. For the sample with Si content = 12 at.%, the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity exhibits a metallic behavior above 10K and the onset of superconducting transition below 6.1 K. With decreasing temperature, the thermomagnetic curve for the sample with Si content = 8 at.% begins to decrease steadily toward negative value below 7.7 K, indicating the Meissner effect. An increase in the transition temperature, TC is attributable to exciton-typesuperconductivity.
1210.5027v1
2012-10-29
Optical Absorption Measurements on Crystalline Silicon at 1550nm
Crystalline silicon is currently being discussed as test-mass material for future generations of gravitational wave detectors that will operate at cryogenic temperatures. We present optical absorption measurements on a large-dimension sample of crystalline silicon at a wavelength of 1550nm at room temperature. The absorption was measured in a monolithic cavity setup using the photo-thermal self-phase modulation technique. The result for the absorption coefficient of this float-zone sample with a specific resistivity of 11kOhm cm was measured to be \alpha_A=(264 +/- 39)ppm/cm.
1210.7763v2
2012-12-17
Anomalous Hall Effect in perpendicularly magnetized Mn(_{3-x})Ga thin films
Mn$_{3-x}$Ga (x = 0.1, 0.4, 0.7) thin films on MgO and SrTiO$_3$ substrates were investigated with magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to the film plane. An anomalous Hall-effect was observed for the tetragonal distorted lattice in the crystallographic D0$_{22}$ phase. The Hall resistivity $\varrho_{xy}$ was measured in a temperature range from 20 to 330 K. The determined skew scattering and side jump coefficients are discussed with regard to the film composition and used substrate and compared to the crystallographic and magnetic properties.
1212.4019v1
2013-03-07
Thickness dependence of the degree of spin polarization of the electrical current in permalloy thin films
Spin-polarized electrical transport is investigated in $ Al_{2}O_{3}/Ni_{80}Fe_{20}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ thin films for permalloy thickness between 6 and 20nm. The degree of spin-polarization of the current flowing in the plane of the film is measured through the current induced spin wave Doppler shift. We find that it decreases as the film thickness decreases, from 0.72 at 20nm to 0.46 at 6nm. This decrease is attributed to a spin depolarization induced by the film surfaces. A model is proposed which takes into account the contributions of the different sources of electron scattering (alloy disorder, phonons, thermal magnons, grain boundaries, film surfaces) to the measured spin-dependent resistivities.
1303.1692v1
2013-06-12
Electron transport across a metal-organic interface
We simulate the electron transport across the Au(111)-pentacene interface using non-equilibrium Green's functions and density-functional theory (NEGF-DFT), and calculate the bias-dependent electron transmission. We find that the electrical contact resistance is dominated by the formation of a Schottky barrier at the interface, and show that the conventional semiconductor transport models across Schottky barriers need to be modified in order to describe the simulation data. We present an extension of the conventional Schottky barrier transport model, which can describe our simulation results and rationalize recent experimental data.
1306.2731v1
2013-06-26
A singularly perturbed non-ideal transmission problem and application to the effective conductivity of a periodic composite
We investigate the effective thermal conductivity of a two-phase composite with thermal resistance at the interface. The composite is obtained by introducing into an infinite homogeneous matrix a periodic set of inclusions of a different material. The diameter of each inclusion is assumed to be proportional to a positive real parameter \epsilon. Under suitable assumptions, we show that the effective conductivity can be continued real analytically in the parameter \epsilon around the degenerate value \epsilon=0, in correspondence of which the inclusions collapse to points.
1306.6176v1
2013-07-12
Observation of Longitudinal Spin Seebeck Effect with Various Transition Metal Films
We evaluated the thermoelectric properties of longitudinal spin Seebeck devices by using ten different transition metals (TMs). Both the intensity and sign of spin Seebeck coefficients were noticeably dependent on the degree of the inverse spin Hall effect and the resistivity of each TM film. Spin dependent behaviors were also observed under ferromagnetic resonance. These results indicate that the output of the spin Seebeck devices originates in the spin current.
1307.3320v1
2013-08-08
Planar Superconducting Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
We introduce a microwave circuit architecture for quantum signal processing combining design principles borrowed from high-Q 3D resonators in the quantum regime and from planar structures fabricated with standard lithography. The resulting '2.5D' whispering-gallery mode resonators store 98% of their energy in vacuum. We have measured internal quality factors above 3 million at the single photon level and have used the device as a materials characterization platform to place an upper bound on the surface resistance of thin film aluminum of less than 250nOhms.
1308.1743v2
2013-09-02
Model of the Electrostatics and Tunneling Current of Metal-Graphene Junctions and Metal-Insulator-Graphene Heterostructures
In this paper we present a comprehensive model for the tunneling current of the metal-insulator-graphene heterostructure, based on the Bardeen Transfer Hamiltonian method, of the metal-insulator-graphene heterostructure. As a particular case we have studied the metal-graphene junction, unveiling the role played by different electrical and physical parameters in determining the differential contact resistance.
1309.0390v1
2013-09-19
Giant electroresistance and tunable magnetoelectricity in a multiferroic junction
First-principles density functional calculations show that the $\textrm{SrRuO}_{3}/\textrm{PbTiO}_{3}/\textrm{SrRuO}_{3}$ multiferroic junction with asymmetric (RuO$_{2}$/PbO and TiO$_{2}$/SrO) interfaces has a large ferroelectric depolarizing field, whose switching changes the interface transmission probabilities for tunneling electrons, leading to electroresistance modulation over several orders of magnitude. The switching further affects the interface spin density, naturally driving magnetoresistance as well as modulated spin-dependent in-plane resistivity, which may be exploited in field-effect devices.
1309.4883v2
2013-11-28
Gate controlled spin pumping at a quantum spin Hall edge
We propose a four-terminal device designed to manipulate by all electrical means the spin of a magnetic adatom positioned at the edge of a quantum spin Hall insulator. We show that an electrical gate, able to tune the interface resistance between a quantum spin Hall insulator and the source and drain electrodes, can switch the device between two regimes: one where the system exhibits spin pumping and the other where the adatom remains in its ground state. This demonstrates an all-electrical route to control single spins by exploiting helical edge states of topological materials.
1311.7329v1
2014-03-02
Spin disorder in an Ising honeycomb chain cobaltate
We report on a member of the spin-disordered honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet in a quasi-one-dimensional cobaltate Ba_3Co_2O_6(CO_3)_0.7. Resistivity exhibits as semimetallic along the face-sharing CoO6 chains. Magnetic susceptibility shows strongly anisotropic Ising-spin character with the easy axis along the chain due to significant spin-orbit coupling and a trigonal crystal field. Nevertheless, ^135Ba NMR detects no indication of the long-range magnetic order down to 0.48 K. Marginally itinerant electrons possess large entropy and low-lying excitations with a Wilson ratio R_W = 116, which highlight interplays of charge, spin, and orbital in the disordered ground state.
1403.0208v1
2014-03-18
Quantum longitudinal and Hall transport at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface at low electron densities
We examined the magneto-transport behavior of electrons confined at the conducting LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface in the low sheet carrier density regime. We observed well resolved Shubnikov-de Haas quantum oscillations in the longitudinal resistance, and a plateau-like structure in the Hall conductivity. The Landau indices of the plateaus in the Hall conductivity data show spacing close to 4, in units of the quantum of conductance. These experimental features can be explained by a magnetic breakdown transition, which quantitatively explains the area, structure, and degeneracy of the measured Fermi surface.
1403.4343v1
2014-03-18
31P NMR Investigation of the Superconductor LiFeP (Tc = 5 K)
We investigate the static and dynamic spin susceptibility of the 111 type Fe-based superconductor LiFeP with Tc ~ 5 K through the measurement of Knight shift 31K and the spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 at 31P site by nuclear magnetic resonance. The constant 31K, small magnitudes of 1/T1T, along with the resistivity rho ~ T^2 all point to the weak spin correlations in LiFeP. 1/T1T display small enhancement toward Tc, indicating that the superconductivity is intimately correlated with the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations.
1403.4458v1
2014-03-21
Field induced large magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance in ErNiSi
Large magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and magnetoresistance (MR) together with negligible hysteresis loss has been observed in ErNiSi compound, which undergoes metamagnetic transition at low temperatures. Magnetization, heat capacity and resistivity measurements confirm the metamagnetic transition. The maximum value of isothermal entropy change and MR for a field change of 50 kOe are found to be 19.1 J/kg K and -34 %. Large MCE with negligible magnetic hysteresis loss could make this material promising for low temperature magnetic refrigeration.
1403.5396v1
2014-06-17
Phenomenological Modeling of Memristive Devices
We present a computationally inexpensive yet accurate phenomenological model of memristive behavior in titanium dioxide devices by fitting experimental data. By design, the model predicts most accurately I-V relation at small non-disturbing electrical stresses, which is often the most critical range of operation for circuit modeling. While the choice of fitting functions is motivated by the switching and conduction mechanisms of particular titanium dioxide devices, the proposed modeling methodology is general enough to be applied to different types of memory devices which feature smooth non-abrupt resistance switching.
1406.4219v2
2014-12-21
A brief introduction to giant magnetoresistance
Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical magnetoresistance effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic layers. The effect manifests itself as a significant decrease (typically 10-80%) in electrical resistance in the presence of a magnetic field. The effect is exploited commercially by manufacturers of hard disk drives. The 2007 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grunberg for the discovery of GMR.
1412.7691v1
2015-02-10
Preventing Buckling of Slender Cylindrical Structures by Internal Viscous Flows
Viscous flows within an elastic structure apply stress on the solid-liquid interface. The stress-field created by the viscous flow can be utilized to counter stress created by external forces and thus may be applied as a tool for delaying the onset of structural failure. To illustrate this concept we study viscous flow within an elastic cylinder under compressive axial force. We obtain a closed-form expression showing an approximately linear relation between the critical buckling load and the liquid inlet pressure. Our results are validated by numerical computations. We discuss future research directions of fluid-solid composite materials which create flow under external stress, yielding enhanced resistance to structural failure.
1502.02814v1
2015-03-04
Adiabatic Joule Heating of Copper from 4 K to the Melting Temperature
Considering a copper wire heated by Joule effect and the variation of its resistivity and specific heat with temperature, we established numerical and analytical solutions (between 293 and 1356 K for the latter) for the evolution of its temperature over time. The Temperature vs. Time evolution follows a Lambertian function. The calculations are based on the assumption of adiabatic heating and uniform current distribution within the wire. We demonstrate that at very low temperature the heating rate is strongly dependent on copper purity.
1503.01279v1
2015-08-17
Evidence for resonant scattering of electrons by spin fluctuations in $LaNiO_3/LaAlO_3$ heterostructures grown by pulsed laser deposition
We present measurements of resistivity $\rho$ in highly oriented $LaNiO_3$ films grown on $LaAlO_3$ substrates by using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The experimental data are found to follow a universal $\rho (T) \propto T^{3/2}$ dependence for the entire temperature interval ($20K<T<300K$). The observed behavior has been attributed to a resonant scattering of electrons on antiferromagnetic fluctuations (with a characteristic energy $\hbar \omega _{sf}\simeq 2.1meV$) triggered by spin-density wave propagating through the interface boundary of $LaNiO_3/LaAlO_3$ sandwich.
1508.04063v1
2015-09-14
Multi-Fields Modulation of Physical Properties of Oxide Thin Films
Oxide thin films exhibit versatile physical properties such as magnetism, ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, metal-insulator transition (MIT), multiferroicity, colossal magnetoresistivity, switchable resistivity, etc. More importantly, the exhibited multifunctionality could be tuned by various external fields, which has enabled demonstration of novel electronic devices. In this article, recent studies of the multi-fields modulation of physical properties in oxide thin films have been reviewed. Some of the key issues and prospects about this field are also addressed.
1509.03939v1
2015-11-24
Structural Properties and Thermodynamics of Hafnium sub-oxides in RRAM
We study the structural and electronic properties of various hafnium sub-oxides HfzO from z = 9 to z = 0.5, by ab initio simulation using Density Functional Theory. The stability of these sub-oxides is studied against monoclinic HfO2. The progressive oxidation of a given HfzO is also envisaged toward stoichiometric HfO2. The analogy with a conductive region of electrons inside a HfO2 matrix is discussed within the context of Oxide-based Resistive Random Access Memories (OxRRAM) devices which employ hafnium dioxide as an insulator.
1511.07665v1
2016-01-01
Reverse degradation of nickel graphene junction by hydrogen annealing
Metal contacts are fundamental building components for graphene based electronic devices and their properties are greatly influenced by interface quality during device fabrication, leading to resistance variation. Here we show that nickel graphene junction degrades after air exposure, due to interfacial oxidation, thus creating a tunneling barrier. Most importantly, we demonstrate that hydrogen annealing at moderate temperature (300 0C) is an effective technique to reverse the degradation.
1601.00109v2
2016-01-06
Electronic transport through a silicene-based zigzag and armchair junction
Using density functional theory and non-equilibrium Greens function technique, we performed theoretical investigations on the transport properties of several ZAZ SiNRs junctions,a similar kind of silicene molecules junction combined by zigzag and armchair silicene nanoribbons. It is found that the differential conductances of the three systems decrease with an order of 5-ZAZ>4-ZAZ>3-ZAZ.Particularly,the Negative differential resistance can be observed within certain bias voltage range only in 3-ZAZ SiNRs. In order to elucidate the mechanism the NDR behavior, the transmission spectra and molecular projected selfconsistent Hamiltonian states are discussed in details.
1601.01066v1
2016-01-18
Investigation of ITO based liquid sensor for ammonia hydroxide detection
We proposed an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) sensor for detecting the NH4OH in seawater and carried out a series of experiments to investigate the feasibility of it as a hazardous and noxious substance (HNS) sensor. The ITO layer revealed a distinct resistance change ({\delta}R) which is linearly correlated with the NH4OH concentration. Sensing mechanism of the porous ITO layer has been explained in terms of reduction and electrical double layer (EDL) formation. Also, the chemical stability of ITO as a HNS sensor has verified.
1601.04446v1
2016-01-18
Low temperature phase diagram of hydrogen at pressures up to 380 GPa. A possible metallic phase at 360 GPa and 200 K
Two new phases of hydrogen have been discovered at room temperature in Ref.1: phase IV above 220 GPa and phase V above ~270 GPa. In the present work we have found a new phase VI at P~360 GPa and T<200 K. This phase is likely metallic as follows from the featureless Raman spectra, a strong drop in resistance, and absence of a photoconductive response. We studied hydrogen at low temperatures with the aid of Raman, infrared absorption, and electrical measurements at pressures up to 380 GPa, and have built a new phase diagram of hydrogen.
1601.04479v1
2016-05-17
Insulator to metal transition of WO3 epitaxial films induced by electrochemical Li-ion intercalation
We investigated systematic evolutions of structural and electronic properties of LixWO3 films, induced by Li-ion electrochemical reactions. Chronoamperometric Li-ion intercalation could control the amount of Li content up to x ~ 0.5. The resistivity abruptly decreased with increasing x and the films underwent an insulator to metal transition (IMT) within a range of 0.2 < x < 0.24, which was consistent with IMT of cubic NaxWO3. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed the coexistence of tetragonal and cubic phases across IMT, suggesting that the alkaline-ion content was a primary factor for metallic conductivity in the ReO3-type WO3 system.
1605.04997v1
2016-07-19
Specific Heat and Electrical Transport Properties of Sn0.8Ag0.2Te Superconductor
Sn0.8Ag0.2Te is a new superconductor with Tc ~ 2.4 K. The superconducting properties of Sn0.8Ag0.2Te have been investigated by specific heat measurements under magnetic fields. Bulk nature of superconductivity was confirmed from the amplitude of the specific heat jump at the superconducting transition, and the amplitude is consistent with fully-gapped superconductivity. Upper critical field was estimated from specific heat and electrical resistivity measurements under magnetic fields. The Hall coefficient was positive, suggesting that the Ag acts as a p-type dopant in Sn0.8Ag0.2Te.
1607.05474v1
2016-10-21
Electromotive forces generated in 3d-transition ferromagnetic metal films themselves under their ferromagnetic resonance
We report the electromotive force (EMF) properties generated in 3d-transition ferromagnetic metal (FM = Fe, Co, and Ni80Fe20) films themselves under their ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). For Fe and Co films, the EMF due to the anomalous-Hall effect is dominantly generated under their FMR. Meanwhile, for a Ni80Fe20 film, the EMF due to the inverse spin-Hall effect in the Ni80Fe20 film itself under the FMR is mainly generated. This tendency is qualitatively explained with differences of the spin polarization, the spin Hall conductivity, the anomalous Hall conductivity, the magnetization saturation, and the resistivity of the FM films.
1610.06695v2
2016-11-27
Probing Electron Spin Resonance in Monolayer Graphene
The precise value of the $g$-factor in graphene is of fundamental interest for all spin-related properties and their application. We investigate monolayer graphene on a Si/SiO2 substrate by resistively detected electron spin resonance (ESR). Surprisingly, the magnetic moment and corresponding g-factor of 1.952+/-0.002 is insensitive to charge carrier type, concentration, and mobility.
1611.08782v1
2016-12-14
Dielectric geometric phase optical elements from femtosecond direct laser writing
We propose to use femtosecond direct laser writing technique to realize dielectric optical elements from photo-resist materials for the generation of structured light from purely geometrical phase transformations. This is illustrated by the fabrication and characterization of spin-to-orbital optical angular momentum couplers generating optical vortices of topological charge from 1 to 20. In addition, the technique is scalable and allows obtaining microscopic to macroscopic flat optics. These results thus demonstrate that direct 3D photopolymerization technology qualifies for the realization of spin-controlled geometric phase optical elements.
1612.04487v1
2016-12-06
Development of an Experimental Setup to Analyze Carbon/Epoxy Composite Subjected to Current Impulses
In this paper, variation in electrical properties of CFRP caused by relatively low magnitude current impulses discharged through CFRP coupons are reported, and internal changes of the composite, due to current impulses, are studied. Based on electrical resistance measurements caused by these currents, property changes in CFRP composite coupons of two different carbon ply orientations are compared. Furthermore, it will be investigated if the changes caused by current impulses are mainly focused in the region of the current injection at the edges of composite coupons, or are they distributed uniformly through the bulk of the composite.
1612.07204v1
2016-12-28
Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and localization in Weyl semimetals
We study both noncentrosymmetric and time-reversal breaking Weyl semimetal systems under a strong magnetic field with the Coulomb interaction. The three-dimensional bulk system is reduced to many mutually interacting quasi-one-dimensional wires. Each strongly correlated wire can be approached within the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid formalism. Including impurity scatterings, we inspect the localization effect and the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity. The effect of a large number of Weyl points in real materials is also discussed.
1612.08905v2
2018-03-22
Vortex liquid phase in the p-wave ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe
The upper critical field for field along the b-axis of the p-wave ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe has a particular S-shape, akin to the re-entrant superconducting phase of URhGe. To explore the evolution of the superconducting phase under this transverse magnetic field, we report the thermal conductivity and resistivity measurements, revealing a possible field-induced vortex liquid phase, and supporting a field-induced change of the superconducting order parameter.
1803.08468v3
2018-04-20
Redox reaction enhanced Schottky contact at a \LNO{}(001)/Al interface
Emergent phenomena at interfaces between oxides and metals can appear due to charge transfer and mass transport that modify the bulk properties. By coating the metallic oxide LaNiO$_3$ by aluminium, we fabricated a junction exhibiting a diode-like behaviour. At the equilibrium, the interface is insulating. The metallic behaviour can be recovered by applying a voltage drop across the junction in one polarity only. The electrical properties in direct and reverse bias are investigated. The observed electro-resistive effect rises up to $10^5$ \% and can be interpreted in terms of (i) a spontaneous redox reaction occurring at the interface and (ii) its reversal induced by charge injection in direct bias.
1804.07574v1
2018-06-13
Vortex spin-valve on a topological insulator
Spin-valve structures are usually associated with the ability to modify the resistance of electrical currents. We here demonstrate a profoundly different effect of a spin-valve. In combination with a topological insulator and superconducting materials, we show that a spin-valve can be used to toggle quantum vortices in and out of existence. In the antiparallel configuration, the spin-valve causes superconducting vortex nucleation. In the parallel configuration, however, no vortices appear. This switching effect suggests a new way to control quantum vortices.
1806.05184v1
2018-09-25
Anomalous Transport Behavior in Quantum Magnets
Transport behavior characterized by a low-temperature electrical resistivity that displays a power-law behavior $\rho(T\to 0) \propto T^s$ with an exponent $s<2$, is commonly observed in magnetic materials in both the magnetic and nonmagnetic phases. We give a pedagogical overview of this phenomenon that summarizes both the experimental situation and the state of its theoretical understanding. We also put it in context by drawing parallels with unusual power-law transport behavior in other systems.
1809.09675v1
2018-09-28
Magneto-dielectric and Magneto-resistive in the Mixed Spinel MgFe2O4
The mixed spinel, MgFe2O4 has been synthesized by ball-milling assisted sintering method. X-ray diffraction study confirms formation of cubic MgFe2O4 and the lattice parameter values calculated are a = b = c = 8.369(3) {\AA}. Vibrating sample magnetometer measurements at room temperature shows a soft ferrimagnetic nature. Magneto-Dielectric and Magneto-Restive plots confirm coupling at room temperature in the prepared MgFe2O4. The peak at 500 Oe in the MD plot is due to the canting of Fe3+ ions distributed in octahedral and tetrahedral sites.
1809.10968v1
2014-08-21
Simulation of Schottky-Barrier Phosphorene Transistors
Schottky barrier field-effect transistors (SBFETs) based on few and mono layer phosphorene are simulated by the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. It is shown that scaling down the gate oxide thickness results in pronounced ambipolar I-V characteristics and significant increase of the minimal leakage current. The problem of leakage is especially severe when the gate insulator is thin and the number of layer is large, but can be effectively suppressed by reducing phosphorene to mono or bilayer. Different from two-dimensional graphene and layered dichalcogenide materials, both the ON-current of the phosphorene SBFETs and the metal-semiconductor contact resistance between metal and phosphorene strongly depend on the transport crystalline direction.
1408.5013v1
2004-06-10
Magnetic and orbital blocking in Ni nanocontacts
We address the fundamental question of whether magneto-resistance (MR) of atomic-sized contacts of Nickel is very large because of the formation of a domain wall (DW) at the neck. Using {\em ab initio} transport calculations we find that, as in the case of non-magnetic electrodes, transport in Ni nanocontacts depends very much on the orbital nature of the electrons. Our results are in agreement with several experiments in the average value of the conductance. On the other hand, contrary to existing claims, DW scattering does {\em not} account for large MR in Ni nanocontacts.
0406249v2
2004-06-25
Strong electron correlation effects in non-volatile electronic memory devices
We investigate hysteresis effects in a model for non-volatile memory devices. Two mechanisms are found to produce hysteresis effects qualitatively similar to those often experimentally observed in heterostructures of transition metal oxides. One of them is a novel switching effect based on a metal-insulator transition due to strong electron correlations at the dielectric/metal interface. The observed resistance switching phenomenon could be the experimental realisation of a novel type of strongly correlated electron device.
0406646v1
2011-07-20
Effect of pressure on the electronic structure of hcp Titanium
The effect of pressure on the hexagonal close-packed structure of titanium is investigated. The lattice parameters of the equilibrium structure were determined in terms of the Gibbs free energy using the Epitaxial Bain Path method. When this process was repeated for several pressures, the effect of pressure on the lattice parameters was revealed. The calculated lattice parameters were in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical results. The effects of pressure on parameters depending on the electronic structure such as conductivity and resistivity in the ground state were also investigated up to 30 GPa using density functional theory.
1107.3948v1
2014-10-03
Enhanced spin-orbit coupling and charge carrier density suppression in LaAl1-xCrxO3/SrTiO3 heterointerfaces
We report a gradual suppression of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface on substitution of chromium at the Al sites. The sheet carrier density at the interface (ns) drops monotonically from 2.2x10(14) cm-2 to 2.5x10(13) cm-2 on replacing nearly 60 percent of Al sites by Cr and the sheet resistance (Rs) exceeds the quantum limit for localization (h/2e2) in the concentrating range 40 to 60 percent of Cr.
1410.0876v1
2014-10-05
Planar Hall effect in Y3Fe5O12(YIG)/IrMn films
The planar Hall effect of IrMn on an yttrium iron garnet (YIG = Y3Fe5O12) was measured in the magnetic field rotating in the film plane. The magnetic field angle dependence of planar Hall resistance (PHR) has been observed in YIG/IrMn bilayer at different temperatures, while the GGG/IrMn (GGG= Gd3Ga5O12) shows constant PHR for different magnetic field angles at both 10 K and 300 K. This provides evidence that IrMn has interfacial spins which can be led by FM in YIG/IrMn structure. A hysteresis can be observed in PHR-magnetic field angle loop of YIG/IrMn films at 10 K, indicating the irreversible switching of IrMn interfacial spins at low temperature.
1410.1112v1
2014-11-08
Correlations among magnetic, magnetocaloric and magneto-transport properties in HoNiSi
Magnetic, magnetocaloric and magneto-transport properties of polycrystalline HoNiSi have been studied. The compound crystallizes in orthorhombic crystal structure and orders antiferromagnetically at TN=4.6 K. Magnetization isotherms show curvature at small fields, revealing a field induced metamagnetic transition. Magnetocalroic effect (MCE) has been estimated using magnetization data and is found to be 12.8 J/kg K for a field of 50 kOe. Application of field reduces the resistivity near TN, which results in a large negative MR. The maximum value of MR has been found to be -24% at 4 K for 50 kOe. Below 4 K, the compound shows positive MR with shape changing with field.
1411.2135v1
2017-01-29
Yielding Transitions and Grain-Size Effects in Dislocation Theory
The statistical-thermodynamic dislocation theory developed in previous papers is used here in an analysis of yielding transitions and grain-size effects in polycrystalline solids. Calculations are based on the 1995 experimental results of Meyers et al. for polycrystalline copper under strain-hardening conditions. The main assertion is that the well known Hall-Petch effects are caused by enhanced strengths of dislocation sources at the edges of grains instead of the commonly assumed resistance to dislocation flow across grain boundaries. The theory describes rapid transitions between elastic and plastic deformation at yield points; thus it can be used to predict grain-size dependence of both yield stresses and flow stresses
1701.08336v1
2017-11-08
Rattler-induced aging dynamics in jammed granular systems
Granular materials jam when developing a network of contact forces able to resist the applied stresses. Through numerical simulations of the dynamics of the jamming process, we show that the jamming transition does not occur when the kinetic energy vanishes. Rather, as the system jams, the kinetic energy becomes dominated by rattlers particles, that scatter withing their cages. The relaxation of the kinetic energy in the jammed configuration exhibits a double power-law decay, which we interpret in terms of the interplay between backbone and rattlers particles.
1711.03045v1
2017-12-04
A two-channel model for Spin-relaxation noise
We develop a two-channel resistor model for simulating spin transport with general applicability. Using this model, for the case of graphene as a prototypical material, we calculate the spin signal consistent with experimental values. Using the same model we also simulate the charge and spin- dependent 1/f noise, both in the local and nonlocal four-probe measurement schemes, and identify the noise from the spin-relaxation resistances as the major source of spin-dependent 1/f noise.
1712.01414v1
2018-10-17
Interface enhanced magnetic anisotropy in Pt/EuO films
We report proximity effects of spin-orbit coupling in EuO$_{1-x}$ films capped with a Pt overlayer. Transport measurements suggest that current flows along a conducting channel at the interface between the Pt and EuO. The temperature dependence of the resistivity picks up the critical behaviors of EuO, i.e., the metal-to-insulator transition. We also find an unusual enhancement of the magnetic anisotropy in this structure from its bulk value which results from strong spin-orbit coupling across the Pt/EuO interface.
1810.07336v1
2018-10-18
Superconductivity of platinum hydride
We report the ac magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistance, and X-ray diffraction measurements of platinum hydride (PtHx) in diamond anvil cells, which reveal its superconducting transition. At 32 GPa, when PtHx is in a P63/mmc structure, PtHx exhibits superconducting transition at 6.7 K and superconducting transition temperature (Tc) decreases with pressure to 4.8 K at 36 GPa. The observed T c is higher than that of powdered Pt by more than three orders of magnitude. It is suggested that hydrides of noble metals have higher Tc than the elements.
1810.08191v1
2018-10-23
Perfect absorption of water waves by linear or nonlinear critical coupling
We report on experiments of perfect absorption for surface gravity waves impinging a wall structured by a subwavelength resonator. By tuning the geometry of the resonator, a balance is achieved between the radiation damping and the intrinsic viscous damping, resulting in perfect absorption by critical coupling. Besides, it is shown that the resistance of the resonator, hence the intrinsic damping, can be controlled by the wave amplitude, which provides a way for perfect absorption tuned by nonlinear mechanisms. The perfect absorber that we propose, without moving parts or added material, is simple, robust and it presents a deeply subwavelength ratio wavelength/size $\simeq 18$.
1810.09884v1
2018-10-24
On the effect of Ti on Oxidation Behaviour of a Polycrystalline Nickel-based Superalloy
Titanium is commonly added to nickel superalloys but has a well-documented detrimental effect on oxidation resistance. The present work constitutes the first atomistic-scale quantitative measurements of grain boundary and bulk compositions in the oxide scale of a current generation polycrystalline nickel superalloy performed through atom probe tomography. Titanium was found to be particularly detrimental to oxide scale growth through grain boundary diffusion.
1810.10444v1
2018-10-31
Domain formation and self-sustained oscillations in quantum cascade lasers
We study oscillations in quantum cascade lasers due to traveling electric field domains, which are observed both in simulations and experiments. These oscillations occur in a range of negative differential resistance and we clarify the condition determining whether the boundary between domains of different electric field can become stationary.
1810.13207v2
2019-05-01
Degenerately Doped Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as Ohmic Homojunction Contacts to Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Semiconductors
In search of an improved strategy to form low resistance contacts to MoS2 and related semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, we use ab initio density functional electronic structure calculations in order to determine the equilibrium geometry and electronic structure of MoO3/MoS2 and MoO2/MoS2 bilayers. Our results indicate that, besides a rigid band shift associated with charge transfer, the presence of molybdenum oxide modifies the electronic structure of MoS2 very little. We find that the charge transfer in the bilayer provides a sufficient degree of hole doping to MoS2, resulting in a highly transparent contact region.
1905.00285v1
2019-07-08
Effect of elasto-plastic compatibility of grains on the void initiation criteria in low carbon steel
The present study evidences the role of ferrite grain size distributions on the occurrence of void initiation in a low carbon steel. Various thermomechanical treatments were done to create ultrafine, bimodal and coarse range of ferrite grain distributions. A two parameter characterization of probable void initiation sites is proposed; elastic modulus difference and difference in Schmid factor of the grains surrounding the void. All microstructures were categorized based on the ability to ease or resist void nucleation. For coarse grains, elastic modulus difference as well as the Schmid factor difference is highest, intermediate for ultrafine and lowest for bimodal microstructure.
1907.03703v1
2020-09-26
Heat vortexes of ballistic, diffusive and hydrodynamic phonon transport in two-dimensional materials
In this work, the heat vortexes in two-dimensional porous or ribbon structures are investigated based on the phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) under the Callaway model. First, the separate thermal effects of normal (N) scattering and resistive (R) scattering are investigated with frequency-independent assumptions. And then the heat vortexes in graphene are studied as a specific example. It is found that the heat vortexes can appear in both ballistic (rare R/N scattering) and hydrodynamic (N scattering dominates) regimes but disappear in the diffusive (R scattering dominates) regime. As long as there is not sufficient R scattering, the heat vortexes can appear in present simulations.
2009.12587v1
2007-10-17
Input Impedance, Nanocircuit Loading, and Radiation Tuning of Optical Nanoantennas
Here we explore the radiation features of optical nanoantennas, analyzing the concepts of input impedance, optical radiation resistance, impedance matching and loading of plasmonic nanodipoles. We discuss how the concept of antenna impedance may be applied to optical frequencies, and how its quantity may be properly defined and evaluated. We exploit these concepts in optimization of nanoantenna loading by optical nanocircuit elements, extending classic concepts of radio-frequency antenna theory to the visible regime for the proper design and matching of plasmonic nanoantennas.
0710.3411v1
2012-01-06
Bi(111) thin film with insulating interior but metallic surfaces
The electrical conductance of molecular beam epitaxial Bi on BaF2(111) was measured as a function of both film thickness (4-540 nm) and temperature (5-300 K). Unlike bulk Bi as a prototype semimetal, the Bi thin films up to 90 nm are found to be insulating in the interiors but metallic on the surfaces. This result has not only resolved unambiguously the long controversy about the existence of semimetal-semiconductor transition in Bi thin film but also provided a straightforward interpretation for the long-puzzled temperature dependence of the resistivity of Bi thin films, which in turn might suggest some potential applications in spintronics.
1201.1480v1
2012-01-30
Thermoelectric Properties of Ho-doped Bi1-xSbx
The Seebeck coefficients, electrical resistivities, total thermal conductivities, and magnetization are reported for temperatures between 5 and 350 K for n-type Bi0.88Sb0.12 nano-composite alloys made by Ho-doping at the 0, 1 and 3% atomic levels. The alloys were prepared using a dc hot-pressing method, and are shown to be single phase for both Ho contents with grain sizes on the average of 900 nm. We find the parent compound has a maximum of ZT = 0.28 at 231 K, while doping 1% Ho increases the maximum ZT to 0.31 at 221 K and the 3% doped sample suppresses the maximum ZT = 0.24 at a temperature of 260 K.
1201.6304v1
2016-03-21
Multi-scale modelling of supercapacitors: From molecular simulations to a transmission line model
We perform molecular dynamics simulations of a typical nanoporous-carbon based supercapacitors. The organic electrolyte consists in 1-ethyl-3-methyl--imidazolium and hexafluorophosphate ions dissolved in acetonitrile. We simulate systems at equilibrium, for various applied voltages. This allows us to determine the relevant thermodynamic (capacitance) and transport (in-pore resistivities) properties. These quantities are then injected in a transmission line model for testing its ability to predict the charging properties of the device. The results from this macroscopic model are in good agreement with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, which validates its use for interpreting electrochemical impedance experiments.
1603.06640v1
2017-05-11
Tunable spin dynamics in chiral soliton lattice
We study dynamics of a chiral soliton lattice (CSL) in a classical one-dimensional spin chain coupled to the conduction electrons under an electric field. The CSL has attracted much interest because its period can be easily controlled by an external magnetic field. We clarify the dependence of the CSL dynamics on its period. A collective coordinate and an SU(2) gauge method are used for the analysis. It turns out that the velocity of the CSL becomes slower as the period becomes longer. We also mention a relation between the velocity and the magnetic resistance.
1705.04086v2
2017-07-05
Surfing Liquid Metal Droplet on the Same Metal Bath via Electrolyte Interface
We reported a phenomenon that when exerting an electric field gradient across a liquid metal/electrolyte interface, a droplet of the same liquid metal can persistently surf on the interface without coalescence. A thin layer of the intermediate solution, which separates the droplet from direct metallic contacting and provides the levitating force, is responsible for such surfing effect. The electric resistance of this solution film is measured and the film thickness is further theoretically calculated. The fact that the levitating state can be switched on and off via a controlled manner paves a way for reliable manipulation of liquid metal droplet.
1707.01498v1
2018-08-04
Toward a Spectral Theory of Cellular Sheaves
This paper outlines a program in what one might call spectral sheaf theory --- an extension of spectral graph theory to cellular sheaves. By lifting the combinatorial graph Laplacian to the Hodge Laplacian on a cellular sheaf of vector spaces over a regular cell complex, one can relate spectral data to the sheaf cohomology and cell structure in a manner reminiscent of spectral graph theory. This work gives an exploratory introduction, and includes results on eigenvalue interlacing, sparsification, effective resistance, and sheaf approximation. These results and subsequent applications are prefaced by an introduction to cellular sheaves and Laplacians.
1808.01513v2
2018-08-05
Role of Doping Ratio on The Sensing Properties of ZnO:SnO2 Thin Films
Thin films of ZnO:SnO2 were deposited on different substrates like glass and c-Si using spray pyrolysis method .The structures and morphology of the prepared samples films were cheeked using X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope. Gas sensing measurements provided from resistance measurement in the absent and exposure to NO2 gas . The results showed that good enhancement of sensitivity take place after doping with tin oxide. Maximum sensitivity obtained at 9% doping ratio and operating temperature 200oC.
1808.04235v1
2018-08-14
Short commentary on comparing previous claim of RT superconductivity with the data of arXiv:1807.08572, "Evidence for Superconductivity at Ambient Temperature and Pressure in Nanostructures"
I briefly mention a previous claim of room temperature superconductivity ( arXiv:0905.3524) in Ag-based oxide material and compare their results with the most recent claim of ambient temperature superconductivity in arXiv:1807.08572. In both cases, an electrical transition to low resistance state and diamagnetism are observed. Silver is a common ingredient in both claims. Does it mean that silver holds the key to RT superconductivity or, the missing field cool data (in both reports) hint of some other physical phenomenon than superconductivity.
1808.04912v1
2019-03-08
Ti surface modification for biomedical applications
Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) is an electrochemical approach for the surface treatment usually applied on so called valve metals such as Al, Mg and Ti. MAO is usually carried out an aqueous electrolyte, which involves a bath cooling and leads to the creation of surface contained components originated in the electrolyte. In current work, we applied a different approach of ceramic surface formation on Ti alloy used in biomedical applications. Here, MAO process conducted in molten nitrate salt at 280 deg C. The developed surface morphology, chemical and phase composition, and corrosion resistance were investigated and described in the work.
1903.03507v1
2019-08-22
Anomalous Hall effect at the spontaneously electron-doped polar surface of PdCoO2 ultrathin films
We revealed the electrical transport through surface ferromagnetic states of a nonmagnetic metal PdCoO2. Electronic reconstruction at the Pd-terminated surface of PdCoO2 induces Stoner-like ferromagnetic states, which could lead to spin-related phenomena among the highly conducting electrons in PdCoO2. Fabricating a series of nanometer-thick PdCoO2 thin films, we detected a surface-magnetization-driven anomalous Hall effect via systematic thickness- and termination-dependent measurements. Besides, we discuss that finite magnetic moments in electron doped CoO2 triangular lattices may have given rise to additional unconventional Hall resistance.
1908.08173v1
2011-04-12
Upper critical fields and superconducting anisotropy of K0.70Fe1.55Se1.01S0.99 and K0.76Fe1.61Se0.96S1.04 single crystals
We have investigated temperature and angular dependence of resistivity of K0.70(7)Fe1.55(7)Se1.01(2)S0.99(2) and K0.76(5)Fe1.61(5)Se0.96(4)S1.04(5) single crystals. The upper critical fields Hc2(T) for both field directions decrease with the increase in S content. On the other hand, the angle-dependent magnetoresistivity for both compounds can be scaled onto one curve using the anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau theory. The obtained anisotropy of Hc2(T) increases with S content, implying that S doping might decrease the dimensionality of certain Fermi surface parts, leading to stronger two dimensional character.
1104.2318v2
2012-03-10
Large thermal Hall coefficient in bismuth
We present a systematical study of thermal Hall effect on a bismuth single crystal by measuring resistivity, Hall coefficient, and thermal conductivity under magnetic field, which shows a large thermal Hall coefficient comparable to the largest one in a semiconductor HgSe. We discuss that this is mainly due to a large mobility and a low thermal conductivity comparing theoretical calculations, which will give a route for controlling heat current in electronic devices.
1203.2237v1
2012-06-12
Evidence of Josephson-coupled superconducting regions at the interfaces of Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite
Transport properties of a few hundreds of nanometers thick (in the graphene plane direction) lamellae of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) have been investigated. Current-Voltage characteristics as well as the temperature dependence of the voltage at different fixed input currents provide evidence for Josephson-coupled superconducting regions embedded in the internal two-dimensional interfaces, reaching zero resistance at low enough temperatures. The overall behavior indicates the existence of superconducting regions with critical temperatures above 100 K at the internal interfaces of oriented pyrolytic graphite.
1206.2463v2
2012-06-20
Enhanced thermoelectric properties by Ir doping of PtSb2 with pyrite structure
The effects of Ir doping on the thermoelectric properties of Pt1-xIrxSb2 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.1) with pyrite structure were studied. Measurements of electrical resistivity rho, Seebeck coefficient S, and thermal conductivity kappa were conducted. The results showed an abrupt change from semiconducting behavior without Ir (x = 0) to metallic behavior at x = 0.01. The sample with x = 0.01 exhibited large S and low rho, resulting in a maximum power factor (S^2/rho) of 43 muW/cmK^2 at 400 K. The peculiar "pudding mold"-type electronic band dispersion could explain the enhanced thermoelectric properties in the metallic state.
1206.4482v1
2012-06-28
Electron backscattering from stacking faults in SiC by means of \textit{ab initio} quantum transport calculations
We study coherent backscattering phenomena from single and multiple stacking faults (SFs) in 3C- and 4H-SiC within density functional theory quantum transport calculations. We show that SFs give rise to highly dispersive bands within both the valance and conduction bands that can be distinguished for their enhanced density of states at particular wave number subspaces. The consequent localized perturbation potential significantly scatters the propagating electron waves and strongly increases the resistance for $n$-doped systems. We argue that resonant scattering from SFs should be one of the principal degrading mechanisms for device operation in silicon carbide.
1206.6600v1
2015-04-28
Optical loss by surface transfer doping in silicon waveguides
We show that undoped silicon waveguides may suffer of up to 1.8 dB/cm free-carrier absorption caused by improper surface passivation. To verify the effects of free-carriers we apply a gate field to the waveguides. Smallest losses correspond to higher electrical sheet resistances and are generally obtained with non-zero gate fields. The presence of free carriers for zero gate field is attributed to surface transfer doping. These results open new perspectives for minimizing propagation losses in silicon waveguides and for obtaining low-loss and highly conductive silicon films without applying a gate voltage.
1504.07613v1
2015-07-04
Evidence for defect-mediated tunneling in hexagonal boron nitride-based junctions
We investigate tunneling in metal-insulator-metal junctions employing few atomic layers of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as the insulating barrier. While the low-bias tunnel resistance increases nearly exponentially with barrier thickness, subtle features are seen in the current-voltage curves, indicating marked influence of the intrinsic defects present in the hBN insulator on the tunneling transport. In particular, single electron charging events are observed, which are more evident in thicker-barrier devices where direct tunneling is substantially low. Furthermore, we find that annealing the devices modifies the defect states and hence the tunneling signatures.
1507.01058v1
2015-07-13
Defect induced structural and thermoelectric properties of Sb2Te3 alloy
Structural and thermoelectric properties of metallic and semiconducting Sb2Te3 are reported. X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies reveal that semiconducting sample have higher defect density. Nature and origin of possible defects are highlighted. Semiconducting Sb2Te3 hosts larger numbers of defects, which act as scattering center and give rise to the increased value of resistivity, thermopower and power factor. Thermopower data indicates p-type nature of the synthesized samples. It is evidenced that the surface states are often mixed with the bulk state, giving rise to metallicity in Sb2Te3. Role of different scattering mechanism on the thermoelectric property of Sb2Te3 is discussed.
1507.03337v1
2015-07-22
Theoretical Study of Coulomb Correlations and Spin-Orbit Coupling in SrIrO3
Given that energy scales associated with crystal field splitting, spin orbit coupling and coulomb correlations in iridates are comparable, hence leading to exotic properties, we investigate the physical properties of orthorhombic SrIrO3 using density functional theory. Our calculations, however, show that SrIrO 3 is a bad metal with no long range magnetic ordering, unlike its sister compounds Sr2IrO4 and Sr3Ir2O7. Moreover, despite having large band width, it appears conclusive that the larger resistivity in SrIrO 3 is due to spin orbit interactions. Besides, the effects of electron-electron correlations on its electronic structure and magnetic properties are also discussed.
1507.06058v1
2016-09-21
Spin Hall magnetoresistance in antiferromagnet/normal metal bilayers
We predict the emergence of spin Hall magnetoresistance in a magnetic bilayer composed of a normal metal adjacent to an antiferromagnet. Based on a recently derived drift-diffusion equation, we show that the resistance of the bilayer depends on the relative angle between the direction transverse to the current flow and the N\'eel order parameter. Although this effect presents striking similarities with the spin Hall magnetoresistance recently reported in ferromagnetic bilayers, in the present case its physical origin is attributed to the anisotropic spin relaxation of itinerant spins in the antiferromagnet.
1609.06521v1
2018-12-26
Probing the Relationship between Anisotropic Magnetoresistance and Magnetization of ferromagnetic films
The anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) in thin permalloy strips was calculated at each steps during magnetization by the finite element method. The magnetization at equilibrium under different external fields was obtained by micromagnetic simulations, while the resistance with different magnetization was obtained by solving the Poisson equations iteratively until self-consistence. We find that the relation between magnetization and AMR deviates from the Stoner-Wohlfarth prediction when the magnetization is reduced from saturation. The reason is that the demagnetization is not necessarily from coherent rotation of the magnetic moment. We conclude that it is necessary to use numeric simulations to optimize the responses of AMR sensors.
1812.10294v1
2019-03-02
Reconfigurable Electromagnetic Structures: X-Band and Beyond
Developing reconfigurable millimeter-wave (mmWave) antennas and devices is an outstanding challenge, with switch technologies being a primary impediment. Recently, it has been shown that vanadium dioxide (VO2), a thermochromic material whose resistance changes with temperature, could provide a path forward in developing reconfigurable mmWave devices. As an initial step towards this vision, we investigate the integration of VO2 switches in reconfigurable components at 15 GHz. In particular, a frequency reconfigurable antenna and a reconfigurable phase shifter are shown. The low loss and minimal parasitics of VO2 technology have the potential to enable devices at 15 GHz and beyond.
1906.03034v1
2019-06-18
The Poole-Frenkel laws and a pathway to multi-valued memory
We revisit the mechanism of Poole-Frenkel non-ohmic conduction in materials of non-volatile memory. Percolation theory is shown to explain both the Poole and Frenkel dependencies corresponding to the cases of respectively small and large samples compared to the correlation radii of their percolation clusters. The applied bias modifies a limited number of microscopic resistances forming the percolation pathways. That understanding opens a pathway to multi-valued non-volatile memory and related neural network applications.
1906.07677v2
2019-11-06
Disclosing antiferromagnetism in tetragonal Cr2O3 by electrical measurements
The tetragonal phase of chromium (III) oxide, although unstable in the bulk, can be synthesized in epitaxial heterostructures. The theoretical investigation by density functional theory predicts an antiferromagnetic ground state for this compound. We demonstrate experimentally antiferromagnetism up to 40 K in ultrathin films of t-Cr2O3 by electrical measurements exploiting interface effect within a neighboring ultrathin Pt layer. We show that magnetotransport in Pt is affected by both spin-Hall magnetoresistance and magnetic proximity effect while we exclude any role of magnetism for the low-temperature resistance anomaly observed in Pt.
1911.02596v1
2020-06-14
Ideal memristor based on viscous magnetization dynamics driven by spin torque
We show that ideal memristors - devices whose resistance is proportional to the charge that flows through them - can be realized using spin torque-driven viscous magnetization dynamics. The latter can be accomplished in the spin liquid state of thin-film heterostructures with frustrated exchange, where memristive response is tunable by proximity to the glass transition, while current-induced Joule heating facilitates nonvolatile operation and second-order memristive functionality beneficial for neuromorphic applications. Ideal memristive behaviors can be achieved in other systems characterized by viscous dynamics of physical, electronic, or magnetic degrees of freedom.
2006.07996v1
2020-08-17
Surface Conductivity in Antiferromagnetic Semiconductor CrSb$_2$
The contribution of bulk and surface to the electrical resistance along crystallographic \textit{b}- and \textit{c}-axes as a function of crystal thickness gives evidence for a temperature independent surface states in an antiferromagnetic narrow-gap semiconductor CrSb$_{2}$. ARPES shows a clear electron-like pocket at $\Gamma$-$Z$ direction which is absent in the bulk band structure. First-principles calculations also confirm the existence of metallic surface states inside the bulk gap. Whereas combined experimental probes point to enhanced surface conduction similar to topological insulators, surface states are trivial since CrSb$_2$ exhibits no band inversion.
2008.07521v1
2020-08-23
Rigidity and fracture of fibrous double networks
Tunable mechanics and fracture resistance are hallmarks of biological tissues and highly desired in engineered materials. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we study a rigidly percolating double network (DN) made of a stiff and a flexible network. The DN shows remarkable tunability in mechanical response when the stiff network is just above its rigidity percolation threshold and minimal changes far from this threshold. Further, the DN can be modulated to either be extensible, breaking gradually, or stronger, breaking in a more brittle fashion by varying the flexible network's concentration.
2008.09934v1
2020-12-23
Superconducting properties of the non-centrosymmetric Superconductors TaXSi (X= Re, Ru)
We have investigated the ternary noncentrosymmetric superconductors TaXSi (X=Re, Ru) by magnetization, resistivity, and specific heat measurements. The samples crystallize in orthorhombic TiFeSi structure having superconducting transition Tc = 5.32 K and 3.91 K, for TaReSi and TaRuSi respectively. Specific heat measurements indicated an s-wave nature of both materials with a moderately coupled nature. However, a low value of specific heat jump and the concave nature of the upper critical field suggests a nontrivial superconducting gap.
2012.12596v1
2021-01-30
Nearly ideal memristive functionality based on viscous magnetization dynamics
We experimentally demonstrate a proof-of-principle implementation of an almost ideal memristor - a two-terminal circuit element whose resistance is approximately proportional to the integral of the input signal over time. The demonstrated device is based on a thin-film ferromagnet/antiferromagnet bilayer, where magnetic frustration results in viscous magnetization dynamics enabling memristive functionality, while the external magnetic field plays the role of the driving input. The demonstrated memristor concept is amenable to downscaling and can be adapted for electronic driving, making it attractive for applications in neuromorphic circuits.
2102.00123v1
2021-09-18
Berry curvature induced nonlinear magnetoresistivity in two dimensional systems
The band geometric properties of quantum materials play an elemental role in the linear and nonlinear transport of electrons. In this paper, we propose that the interplay of the Berry curvature, the orbital magnetic moment and the Lorentz force can induce a finite nonlinear resistivity in two dimensional systems in presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. The induced nonlinear magnetoresistivity scales linearly with the magnetic field and is purely quantum mechanical in origin. This novel transport signature can be used as an additional experimental probe for the geometric quantities in intrinsically time reversal symmetric systems.
2109.08979v2
2021-10-28
Prandtl-Tietjens intermittency in transitional pipe flows
Pipe flow often traverses a regime where laminar and turbulent flow co-exist. Prandtl and Tietjens explained this intermittency as a feedback between the fluctuations of the internal flow resistance and the constant pressure drop driving the flow. However, because the focus has moved towards studying intermittency without flow fluctuations near the universal critical Reynolds number, their explanation has largely disappeared. Here we refine the mechanism, which has never been put to a quantitative test, to develop a model that agrees with experiments at higher Reynolds numbers, enabling us to demonstrate that Prandtl and Tietjens' mechanism is, in fact, intrinsic to flows where both the pressure gradient and perturbation are constant.
2110.14983v2
2021-11-09
Lattice structure design optimization under localized linear buckling constraints
An optimization method for the design of multi-lattice structures satisfying local buckling constraints is proposed in this paper. First, the concept of free material optimization is introduced to find an optimal elastic tensor distribution among all feasible elastic continua. By approximating the elastic tensor under the buckling-containing constraint, a matching lattice structure is embedded in each macro element. The stresses in local cells are especially introduced to obtain a better structure. Finally, the present method obtains a lattice structure with excellent overall stiffness and local buckling resistance, which enhances the structural mechanical properties.
2111.05294v1
2021-11-16
Have Mysterious Topological Valley Currents Been Observed in Graphene Superlattices?
We provide a critical discussion concerning the claim of topological valley currents, driven by a global Berry curvature and valley Hall effect proposed in recent literature. After pointing out a major inconsistency of the theoretical scenario proposed to interpret giant nonlocal resistance, we discuss various possible alternative explanations and open directions of research to solve the mystery of nonlocal transport in graphene superlattices.
2111.08506v1
2021-12-23
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Applications: A Report
Herein, we report a brief introduction of metal oxide nanoparticles and their diverse applications in different scientific and medical fields. This report will be updated frequently to give a complete review in similar fields of nanotechnology. In the present version of the report, an introduction to nanotechnology and nanomaterials with some synthesis routes (such as Hydrothermal synthesis and Sol-Gel synthesis etc.) to prepare the metal oxide nanoparticles is given. In this version we have primarily included the basic introduction of application of metal oxide nanoparticles in the fields of biomedical, resistive switching and photovoltaic etc.
2201.04938v1
2022-04-14
Cohesive zone modelling of hydrogen assisted fatigue crack growth: the role of trapping
We investigate the influence of microstructural traps in hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth. To this end, a new formulation combining multi-trap stress-assisted diffusion, mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity and a hydrogen- and fatigue-dependent cohesive zone model is presented and numerically implemented. The results show that the ratio of loading frequency to effective diffusivity governs fatigue crack growth behaviour. Increasing the density of \emph{beneficial} traps, not involved in the fracture process, results in lower fatigue crack growth rates. The combinations of loading frequency and carbide trap densities that minimise embrittlement susceptibility are identified, providing the foundation for a rational design of hydrogen-resistant alloys.
2204.07079v1
2022-06-10
Magneto-Seebeck coefficient of Fermi-liquid in three-dimensional Dirac/Weyl semimetal
We investigate dissipationless magneto-Seebeck effect in three-dimensional Dirac/Weyl semimetal. The Hall resistivity $\rho_{yx}$ and thermoelectric Hall coefficient $\alpha_{xy}$ exhibit plateaus at the quantum limit, where electrons occupy only the zeroth Landau level. In this condition, quantum oscillation in the Seebeck coefficient $S_{xx}\approx \rho_{yx}\alpha_{xy} $ is suppressed, and the massless fermions are transformed into a Fermi liquid system. We show that the Seebeck coefficient at the quantum limit is expressed by the harmonic sum of Fermi wavelength and thermal de Broglie wavelength scaled by magnetic length.
2206.04957v1
2022-06-13
LinReTraCe: The Linear Response Transport Centre
We describe the "Linear Response Transport Centre" (LinReTraCe), a package for the simulation of transport properties of solids. LinReTraCe captures quantum (in)coherence effects beyond semi-classical Boltzmann techniques, while incurring similar numerical costs. The enabling algorithmic innovation is a semi-analytical evaluation of Kubo formulae for resistivities and the coefficients of Hall, Seebeck and Nernst. We detail the program's architecture, its interface and usage with electronic-structure packages such as WIEN2k, VASP, and Wannier90, as well as versatile tight-binding settings.
2206.06097v2
2022-08-03
Electrical transport and magnetic properties of the triangular-lattice compound Zr$_2$NiP$_2$
We report the first investigation of the electrical and magnetic properties of the triangular-lattice compound Zr$_2$NiP$_2$ (space group $P$6$_3$/$mmc$). The temperature evolution of electrical resistivity follows the Bloch-Gr\"uneisen-Mott law, and exhibits a typically metallic behavior. No transition is visible by both electrical and magnetic property measurements, and nearly no magnetization is detected ($M_0$ $<$ 0.002$\mu_\mathrm{B}$/Ni) down to 1.8 K up to 7 T. The metallic and nonmagnetic characters are well understood by the first-principles calculations for Zr$_2$NiP$_2$.
2208.01799v1
2022-08-09
Rapid suppression of charge density wave transition in LaSb2 under pressure
LaSb2 is found to be an example of an exceptionally pressure sensitive and tunable, two dimensional compound. In-plane electrical resistivity of LaSb2 under pressure up to 12.9 kbar was measured in zero and applied magnetic field. The charge density wave transition (observed at ~ 350 K at ambient pressure) is completely suppressed by 6-7 kbar with significant (in comparison with the ambient pressure) increase in Fermi surface gapping and transition hysteresis just above ambient pressure.
2208.04997v1
2023-03-12
Pressure-induced color change in the lutetium dihydride LuH2
The lutetium dihydride LuH2 is stable at ambient conditions. Here we show that its color undergoes sequential changes from dark blue at ambient pressure to pink at ~2.2 GPa and then to bright red at ~4 GPa upon compression in a diamond anvil cell. Such a pressure-induced color change in LuH2 is reversible and it is very similar to that recently reported in the N-doped lutetium hydride. However, our preliminary resistance measurements on LuH2 under pressures up to 7.7 GPa evidenced no superconductivity down to 1.5 K.
2303.06718v1
2023-06-27
Enhancing interfacial thermal conductance of amorphous interface by optimized interfacial mass distribution
Interfacial thermal resistance arises challenges for the thermal management as the modern semiconductors are miniatured to nanoscale. Previous studies found that graded mass distribution in interface can maximumly enhance the interfacial thermal conductance of crystalline interface, however, whether this strategy is effective for amorphous interface is less explored. In this work, graded mass distribution in the amorphous interface between crystalline Si and crystalline Ge is optimized to increase the interfacial thermal conductance by the extended atomistic Greens function method.
2306.15254v1