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23003ed0bbf476132bd766e8e0a6c726 | What are the basic elements of blood? | Most people have about 4-6 liters of blood. Your blood is made up of different kinds of cells that float in a fluid called plasma: â Your red blood cells deliver oxygen to the various tissues in your body and remove carbon dioxide. â Your white blood cells destroy invaders and fight infection. â Your platelets help your blood to clot. â Your plasma is a fluid made up of proteins and salts. What makes your blood different from someone else's is your unique combination of protein molecules, called antigens and antibodies. Antigens live on the surface of your red blood cells. Antibodies are in your plasma. The combination of antigens and antibodies in your blood is the basis of your blood type. |
937d4c6c39da00c95a925013b3caa98a | Should you get up and do something if you wake up in the middle of the night? | True: If you wake up in the night and can't fall back to sleep within about 15-20 minutes, get out of bed and do something relaxing. Do not sit in bed and watch the clock. Experts recommend going into another room to read or listen to music. Return to bed only when you feel tired. |
8810c29e0e4a1de3825999e522cead0b | Does insomnia mean you only have difficulty falling asleep? | False: One or more of the following four symptoms are usually associated with insomnia: Difficulty falling asleep Waking up too early and not being able to get back to sleep Frequent awakenings Waking up feeling unrefreshed Daytime sleepiness means a person is not getting enough sleep. |
9dbabef671b90f375edd2fdf63eaa442 | Can you cheat the amount of sleep you get? | False: Sleep experts say that most adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep each night for optimal health. Getting fewer hours of sleep will eventually need to be replenished with additional sleep in the next few nights. Our body does not seem to get used to less sleep than it needs. |
a67131cfd7eb5232e5a297e6955f1362 | Does daytime sleepiness mean a person is not getting enough sleep? | False: While excessive daytime sleepiness often occurs if you don't get enough sleep, it can also occur even after a good night's sleep. Such sleepiness can be a sign of an underlying medical condition or sleep disorder such as narcolepsy or sleep apnea. |
77660d47f1d1008d88cdc84118497c31 | Do teens need more sleep than adults? | True: Teens need at least 8.5 to 9.25 hours of sleep each night, compared to an average of seven to nine hours each night for most adults. The internal biological clocks of teenagers can keep them awake later in the evening and can interfere with waking up in the morning. |
f9c3eb386e30f4761e19370b7e60ae1f | Are health problems related to the amount and quantity of a person's sleep? | False: More and more scientific studies are showing correlations between poor quality sleep and/or insufficient sleep with a variety of diseases, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and depression. For example, insufficient sleep can impair the body's ability to use insulin, which can lead to the development of more severe diabetes. Patients with poorly controlled diabetes and sleep apnea have improvement of blood sugar control when treated for sleep apnea. This is also found in patients with high blood pressure and sleep apnea. When the sleep apnea is treated, the blood pressure also improves. In addition, too little sleep may decrease growth hormone secretion, which has been linked to obesity. |
17d1225cd0f1e894f73da5d6edb38783 | Does your brain rest during sleep? | False: The body rests during sleep, not the brain. The brain remains active, gets recharged, and still controls many body functions including breathing during sleep. |
4c70830366fa9a63bf2a43cd2473fcd0 | Can snoring be harmful? | True: Aside from bothering other people, snoring is not harmful. However, it can be a sign of sleep apnea, a sleep disorder that is associated with significant medical problems such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Sleep apnea is characterized by episodes of reduced or no airflow throughout the night. People with sleep apnea may remember waking up frequently during the night gasping for breath. |
c84afb9c4206024d37936522465fd4d4 | Do older people need less sleep? | False: The average adult needs a total sleep time of seven to nine hours per day. While sleep patterns usually change as we age, the amount of sleep we generally need does not. Older people may sleep less at night due, in part, to frequent night waking, but their need for sleep is no less than that of younger adults. |
7daa93581e2bc7d8d79de34cc75b2ef1 | Does getting too little sleep impact weight? | True: How much a person sleeps at night can impact their weight. This is because the amount of sleep a person gets can affect certain hormones, specifically the hormones leptin and ghrelin, that affect appetite. Leptin and ghrelin work in a kind of "checks and balances" system to control feelings of hunger and fullness. Ghrelin, which is produced in the gastrointestinal tract, stimulates appetite, while leptin, produced in fat cells, sends a signal to the brain when you are full. When you don't get enough sleep, it drives leptin levels down, which means you don't feel as satisfied after you eat, and increases ghrelin levels, stimulating your appetite so you want more food. The two combined can set the stage for overeating, which in turn may lead to weight gain. |
5d46d97e27b10645b36561135f5809cf | How are osteoporosis and hormone therapy for prostate cancer related? | Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer Brittle bones can be a side effect of hormone therapy treatment for prostate cancer. |
ede1c457b689b05a5ee60c0b107a3985 | Can antipsychotic drugs cause weight gain and increase cholesterol levels? | Antipsychotics used to treat bipolar disorder include: aripiprazole ( Abilify) asenapine ( Saphris) cariprazine ( Vraylar) clozapine ( Clozaril) lurasidone ( Latuda) olanzapine ( Zyprexa) quetiapine ( Seroquel) risperidone ( Risperdal) ziprasidone ( Geodon) Certain antipsychotic drugs cause significant weight gain and high cholesterol levels, and they may increase the risk of diabetes. People considering an antipsychotic for bipolar disorder should be screened for their risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, according to a study published in Diabetes Care. |
c67f70e22a32105b11b76efffe512da1 | Can antipsychotic drugs stabilize moods on their own? | As a result, they may be used alone as long-term treatment for people who don't tolerate or respond to lithium and anticonvulsants. |
897f2307bb6cd1eed2d3f0558953344e | What are common side effects of antipsychotic medications? | Common side effects of antipsychotic medications include: Blurred vision Dry mouth Drowsiness Muscle spasms or tremors Weight gain Note: Clozaril is not used often, despite its effectiveness for bipolar disorder. |
1d62aa4788c420b435f155a14892c5da | What are the types of antipsychotics that treat bipolar disorder? | Antipsychotics used to treat bipolar disorder include: aripiprazole ( Abilify) asenapine ( Saphris) cariprazine ( Vraylar) clozapine ( Clozaril) lurasidone ( Latuda) olanzapine ( Zyprexa) quetiapine ( Seroquel) risperidone ( Risperdal) ziprasidone ( Geodon) Certain antipsychotic drugs cause significant weight gain and high cholesterol levels, and they may increase the risk of diabetes. |
98b9182b2eb88749ae39dc223eb72664 | For people with bipolar disorder, what are antipsychotics used for? | In people with bipolar disorder, antipsychotics are also used "off label" as sedatives, for insomnia, for anxiety, and/or for agitation. Often, they are taken with a mood-stabilizing drug and can decrease symptoms of mania until mood stabilizers take full effect. |
aa3dc31b47ffb54f7d209a08c147ce38 | What are warnings signs after an adenoidectomy? | If you notice bright red blood coming from your child's mouth or nose, call the doctor right away or take your child to the emergency room. This may indicate the scabs have come off too soon. Small spots of blood in the nose or in the saliva may be expected. Also, if breathing becomes so difficult that your child is wheezing, seek immediate medical care. This may be a sign of excessive swelling in the surgical area and should be looked at immediately. Surgery should never be taken lightly. Make sure you have all your questions answered before making a decision and, if you have any doubts, seek a second opinion from another qualified doctor. |
7538b43cb21316fb1ed3647ff6eb5a04 | What is recovery like after an adenoidectomy? | After surgery, your child may feel nauseous until the anesthesia completely wears off. In the week following the adenoidectomy, your child may experience the following: Sore throat: Your child's throat may be sore for seven to ten days following the procedure and eating can be uncomfortable. Fever: Your child may have a low fever several days after the surgery. If the fever gets higher than 102 F, call the doctor. Seek medical attention if fever is accompanied by other symptoms such as lethargy, nausea, vomiting, headache, or stiff neck. Mouth breathing: Mouth breathing and snoring may occur following the surgery, due to swelling in the throat. Breathing should return to normal once swelling goes down, usually 10 to 14 days after surgery. Seek medical attention if there is difficulty breathing. Pain: Some throat and ear pain is normal for a few weeks following surgery. The doctor should prescribe medicine to help control pain. Scabs in the mouth: Thick, white scabs will develop where the tonsils and/or adenoids were removed. This is normal and most scabs fall off in small pieces within 10 days after surgery. Do not let your child pick at the scabs. These scabs may also cause bad breath. |
2e2d0f7997b27e5adcaa7b0c0e8ed64c | What are adenoids? | Adenoids are a mass of tissue that, along with your tonsils, help keep you healthy by trapping harmful germs that pass through the nose or mouth. Your adenoids also produce antibodies to help your body fight infections. Unlike tonsils, which can be easily seen by opening your mouth, you cannot see the adenoids. A doctor has to use a small mirror or special instrument with a light to see the adenoids. Sometimes X-rays may be taken to see them more clearly. While adenoids play an important role in keeping a person healthy, as you get older, adenoids become less important, because your body is able to fight infection in other ways. In fact, adenoids often get smaller around age 5 or 6 and virtually disappear by the teen years. |
6aa39a0f2bc2fa40023ad49b7a45c48c | What are other symptoms of adenoiditis related to nasal congestion? | Symptoms of adenoiditis can vary depending on what is causing the infection, but may include: sore throat stuffy nose swollen glands in the neck ear pain and other ear problems When the nose is stuffy, breathing through it can be a challenge. Other symptoms of adenoiditis related to nasal congestion include: breathing through the mouth speaking with a nasal sound, as if you are speaking with a pinched nose difficulty sleeping snoring or sleep apnea (a condition where you stop breathing for a short amount of time during sleep) Adenoiditis is treated with antibiotics. |
33275f09b62241c4e53c0054f92f93bf | What are the symptoms of adenoiditis? | Symptoms of adenoiditis can vary depending on what is causing the infection, but may include: sore throat stuffy nose swollen glands in the neck ear pain and other ear problems When the nose is stuffy, breathing through it can be a challenge. |
56fed84844f5d2869d519327ea2a78bf | What are some tips to ease your child's recovery after an adenoidectomy? | Here are some tips to ease your child's recovery following adenoidectomy: Feed your child soft foods, such as scrambled eggs, Jell- O, soup, and popsicles. However, do not let your child eat or drink milk products for the first 24 hours following surgery. After that, ice cream, pudding, and yogurt are OK. Make sure your child drinks plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. Have your child rest as much as possible for the first few days following surgery. Your child should be able to return to school once he or she can eat regular foods again, is no longer on pain medication, and is able to sleep soundly through the night. |
85019cc0dee24286d468d7d97328cd1c | Can the drugs that are used to treat bipolar disorder be dangerous? | Preliminary studies also suggest that the atypical antipsychotic cariprazine ( Vraylar) also may have value for treating bipolar depression Some of these drugs can potentially become toxic if doses get too high. Therefore, they need to be monitored periodically with blood tests and clinical assessments by the prescriber. Because it is often difficult to predict which patient will react to what drug or what the dosage should ultimately be, the psychiatrist will often need to experiment with several different medications when beginning treatment. |
520426a003b68a9a3b580ce6fccbd5a7 | When is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) used to treat bipolar disorder? | Electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) is sometimes used for severely manic or depressed patients and for those who don't respond to medication or for those women who, while pregnant, experience symptoms. Because it can act quickly, it may be especially helpful for severely ill patients who are at high risk for attempting suicide. ECT fell out of favor in the 1960s partly due to distorted, negative portrayals of its use in the media. But modern procedures have been shown to be both safe and highly effective. The patient is first anesthetized and a muscle relaxant is given. Then, while the patient is asleep, a small electric current is passed through electrodes placed on the scalp to produce a grand mal seizure of short duration -- less than one minute. A course of treatment usually involves 6-12 treatments, typically administered three times per week. During the course of ECT treatments -- usually two to four weeks -- lithium and other mood stabilizers are sometimes discontinued to minimize side effects. They are then resumed after completion of the treatment. |
75e35ab8862cc49d44d7656d1a926510 | What is important when helping and supporting someone with bipolar disorder? | In the manic phase of bipolar disorder, patients may engage in risky activities, such as fast driving or certain risky sports. They should be monitored and prevented from taking chances, especially in a car. Drinks and foods containing caffeine -- tea, coffee, and cola-- should be allowed in moderation. Avoid alcohol at all times. It is very important for a patient experiencing manic symptoms to receive prompt psychiatric assessment. Family members may need to contact the doctor, because oftentimes patients in a manic or hypomanic episode have little insight into their illness and may refuse treatment. But prompt intervention, including possible medication adjustments at an early point in an episode, may prevent further problems and the need for hospitalization. |
b013661bdb97ceb16e3c3a24e8262915 | If I have bipolar disorder, is it important to have support from family? | The family or spouse of a patient should be involved with any treatment. Having full information about the disease and its manifestations is important for both the patient and loved ones. |
95a42068eb40d22fafc1577c27256641 | What are some of the drugs that help treat bipolar disorder? | Valproic acid ( Depakote) is a mood stabilizer that is helpful in treating the manic or mixed phases of bipolar disorder, along with carbamazepine ( Equetro), another antiepileptic drug. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with lithium to control symptoms. In addition, newer drugs are coming into the picture when traditional medications are insufficient. Lamotrigine( Lamictal), another antiepileptic drug, has been shown to have value for preventing depression and, to a lesser degree, manias or hypomanias. Other antiepileptic drugs, such as gabapentin( Neurontin), oxcarbazepine ( Trileptal), or topiramate ( Topamax), are regarded as experimental treatments that sometimes have value for symptoms of bipolar disorder or other conditions that often occur with it. Haloperidol ( Haldol Decanoate) or other newer antipsychotic medications, such as aripiprazole ( Abilify), asenapine ( Saphris), olanzapine ( Zyprexa, Zyprexa Relprevv, and Zyprexa Zydis) or risperidone( Risperdal), are often given to patients as an alternative to lithium or divalproex. They also may be given to treat acute symptoms of mania -- particularly psychosis -- before lithium or divalproex ( Depakote) can take full effect, which may be from one to several weeks. Another antipsychotic, lurasidone ( Latuda), is approved for use in bipolar I depression as is the combination of olanzapine plus fluoxetine (called Symbyax). The antipsychotic quetiapine ( Seroquel) is approved to treat bipolar I or II depression. Preliminary studies also suggest that the atypical antipsychotic cariprazine ( Vraylar) also may have value for treating bipolar depression Some of these drugs can potentially become toxic if doses get too high. |
3cc63f12a0d6fbc73e12e9064aaa33af | What is the most typical treatment for bipolar disorder? | Typically, treatment entails a combination of at least one mood-stabilizing drug and/or atypical antipsychotic, plus psychotherapy. The most widely used drugs for the treatment of bipolar disorder include lithium carbonate and valproic acid (also known as Depakote or generically as divalproex). Lithium carbonate can be remarkably effective in reducing mania, although doctors still do not know precisely how it works. Lithium may also prevent recurrence of depression, but its value seems greater against mania than depression; therefore, it is often given in conjunction with other medicines known to have greater value for depression symptoms, sometimes including antidepressants. |
918cfdaed01492d65e16463468e99694 | What should a home environment be like for someone with bipolar disorder? | If someone you live with has bipolar disorder, maintain a calm environment, particularly when that person is in a manic phase. Keep to regular routines for daily activities -- sleeping, eating, and exercise. Adequate sleep is very important in preventing the onset of episodes. Avoid excessive stimulation. Parties, animated conversation, and long periods of watching television or videos can exacerbate manic symptoms. Alcohol or illicit drug use can cause or worsen mood symptoms and make prescription medicines work less effectively. |
863c36c807fa99e9e2fb6d366aaf4fd2 | What three classes of medication is bipolar disorder treated with? | Bipolar disorder is treated with three main classes of medication: mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and, while their safety and effectiveness for the condition are sometimes controversial,antidepressants. |
583e9cefd703383ac25912469c96af3b | What are the newer types of nonpharmocological treatments for depression and bipolar disorder? | The newer types of nonpharmocological treatments of depression are: VNS ( Vagus or Vagal Nerve Stimulation) involves implantation of a device that sends electrical signals to the vagus nerve in order to treat depression. TMS ( Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) is a procedure which involves the use of an electromagnetic coil to create electrical currents and stimulate nerve cells in the mood centers of the brain as a treatment for depression. Light therapy has proved effective as an additional treatment when bipolar disorder has a connection to seasonal affective disorder. For those people who usually become depressed in winter, sitting for 20 minutes to 30 minutes a day in front of a special light box with a full-spectrum light can help treat depression. |
56648d5a67e108a8f052513258baab49 | What are nondrug treatments for depression and bipolar disorder? | While medications are usually the cornerstone of treatment for bipolar disorder, ongoing psychotherapy is important to help patients understand and accept the personal and social disruptions of past episodes and better cope with future ones. Several specific forms of psychotherapy have been shown to help speed recovery and improve functioning in bipolar disorder, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal/social rhythm therapy, family therapy, and group therapy. In addition, because denial is often a problem -- sticking with medications can be especially tricky in adolescence -- routine psychotherapy helps patients stay on their medications. |
f52ba3f76c5e8531fecf54354c5f22f0 | How are punctal plugs used to treat Sjögren's syndrome? | Tiny plugs can be placed in the tear duct by your eye doctor to keep more lubrication on your eyes. It usually takes a couple of minutes in the exam chair. Surgery to slow the disappearance of tears by sealing the tear ducts with cautery is another treatment option for more severe cases when artificial tears are not sufficient. |
52feea001aeb563a4ec651966d5ac092 | How can punctal plugs help with Sjögren's syndrome? | Tiny plugs can be placed in the tear duct by your eye doctor to keep more lubrication on your eyes. It usually takes a couple of minutes in the exam chair. |
80509a7c4b087991ce5d1344987fb26d | How can good oral hygiene help with Sjögren's syndrome? | Good mouth care may not prevent a dry mouth, but it helps prevent infection and cavities. Toothpastes and oral gels are available for people with dry mouth symptoms. These products contain low doses of peroxide. ( High amounts can cause more severe dryness.) These products also may have antibacterial action to reduce the severity of dental cavities over a long period of time. |
f187ab8af2dca21a3b5dc074bb4aeeb9 | What medications are used to treat Sjögren's syndrome? | Two prescription drugs, Evoxac and Salagen, stimulate saliva production and may relieve the dry mouth symptoms. In some patients, the anti-rheumatic drug Plaquenil has been beneficial in decreasing pain and salivary gland swelling. For patients with generalized symptoms, particularly when the disease affects internal organs (including the gastrointestinal system, kidneys, brain, or spinal cord), high doses of immunosuppressive drugs may be necessary. These include medicines such as prednisone and, rarely, chemotherapy-type medications such as methotrexate. Balance rest and exercise. Guided exercise programs can help patients overcome fatigue, maintain flexibility, and overcome joint and muscle pain. |
e8c8156685c7137430c7aab05e84c29e | How is good oral hygiene used to treat Sjögren's syndrome? | Good mouth care may not prevent a dry mouth, but it helps prevent infection and cavities. Toothpastes and oral gels are available for people with dry mouth symptoms. These products contain low doses of peroxide. ( High amounts can cause more severe dryness.) These products also may have antibacterial action to reduce the severity of dental cavities over a long period of time. |
10732faf0e204d3659bddb9e8d0a12f9 | How does psychotherapy treat schizophreniform disorder? | Psychotherapy: The goal is to help the person recognize and learn about the illness and its treatment, set goals, and manage everyday problems related to the condition. It can also help the person handle the feelings of distress linked to the symptoms. |
9cc15386a4704bc5eb1301542847dab8 | What to expect with schizophreniform disorder? | People with schizophreniform disorder recover within 6 months. If the symptoms don't improve, the person likely has schizophrenia, which is a lifelong illness. According to the American Psychiatric Association, about two-thirds of people with schizophreniform disorder go on to develop schizophrenia. |
b9bd897ddf61370a8fe61adffcf46c94 | What types of medications can treat schizophreniform disorder? | Medication: Antipsychotic drugs are the main medications that doctors use to treat the psychotic symptoms of schizophreniform disorder, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking. |
b12ff93f12fb5256280e53b7916b3b26 | What is the treatment for schizophreniform disorder? | People with severe symptoms or who are at risk of hurting themselves or others may need to be hospitalized to get their condition under control. Medication: Antipsychotic drugs are the main medications that doctors use to treat the psychotic symptoms of schizophreniform disorder, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking. |
555be3487b2aa830941bc17d085d7950 | How do doctors diagnose schizophreniform disorder? | If someone has symptoms, a doctor may use various tests -- such as brain imaging (like MRI scans) or blood tests -- to rule out a nonpsychiatric medical problem. If the doctor finds no physical reason for the symptoms, he or she may refer the person to a psychiatrist or psychologist, mental health professionals who are trained to diagnose and treat mental illnesses. They use specially designed interview and assessment tools to see if someone has a psychotic disorder. For a diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder, the symptoms can only have lasted for less than 6 months. |
8b8d9baf3f42f34fa932584b243a3dbc | How common is schizophreniform disorder? | In women, it most often happens between ages 24 and 35. |
b79aa9f8fdaa711a9cedc23540020de9 | If I have diabetes, can I wear dressy or uncomfortable shoes occasionally? | Enjoy Occasional Fancy Feet Having diabetes doesn't mean you have to wear sensible shoes every day for the rest of your life. " The need for being careful depends on how advanced the neuropathy is," Lee says. " The risks vary significantly depending on how advanced the disease is and how numb or how bad circulation is." If you have normal feeling and blood flow, it might even be OK to wear dressy shoes like high heels or pointy wing-tips for short periods of time, Lee says. Ask your foot doctor what's best for your feet, though. |
05b324b0b213ddf8d82ac56991c80447 | If I have diabetes, can I wear pointed toe shoes? | Look for shoes that don't have pointed toes. Instead, choose ones with a spacious "toe box," so your toes have plenty of wiggle room. That way they won't be crushed together. You'll have less chance of corns, calluses, and blisters that can turn into ulcers. |
cbdde8db5977d7d1eac3c66eb43462d9 | If I have diabetes, can I buy shoes that I plan on breaking into? | Don't buy shoes that aren't comfortable, planning to break them in as you wear them. Shoes should feel good when you first try them on. If you take off new shoes after wearing them a couple of hours and find red, tender spots, don't wear them again. |
40e51e028ded66a0cd7d737b5b0651d7 | If I have diabetes and my feet hurt, how can I tell if it's because of the size of my shoe? | Your foot should fit comfortably on top of it with no overlap. If your foot is bigger than the insole, it will be crammed inside the shoe when you wear it. Choose a different shoe. |
e49de48c946e03d6f72956d6125b808b | How can diabetes affect my feet? | Shoes and Diabetes: What's on Your Feet Matters When you have diabetes, you need to take special care of your feet. That's why it's important to check your feet daily and choose your shoes wisely. Wear well-fitting, comfortable shoes to help keep small foot problems -- like a corn, blister, or a callus -- from turning into severe ones. |
7771e0170d0ab7987ab1c7f15162e3de | If I have diabetes, how many pairs of shoes should I have? | Buy at least two pairs with good support. Each pair will likely have different pressure points on your feet, so change your shoes daily. Your shoes will also get to dry and air out when you don't wear them every day. |
8d97c4146552dbebeb62bba3e81ec1d5 | If I have diabetes, can I wear slip-on shoes? | Consider laced shoes instead of slip-ons. They often provide better support and a better fit. |
88b84cf12ebe309baec1e2f20d4cd016 | How can I lower my chances of getting trichomoniasis? | But you can take some steps to lower your chances of getting it: Always use latex condoms, and use them the right way. This helps, but won't totally protect you because trich can infect areas that a condom doesn't cover. Also, because you can get trich just through contact, make sure to put the condom on early, before it touches the vagina. For women -- avoid douching. Your vagina has a natural balance of bacteria to keep you healthy. When you douche, you remove some of those helpful bacteria, which can raise your chances of getting an STD. Stick with just one sex partner who's been tested and doesn't have any STDs. If that doesn't work for you, think about limiting your number of sex partners. Talk openly with your sex partners about your sexual histories and potential risk of infection. This can help you make the best choice for yourself. |
dfdec628fb604ebdcb4d2d0e92a69ea8 | What causes trichomoniasis? | Trich is caused by a tiny, one-celled parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. Anyone who's sexually active can get it. It affects women more than men, and older women tend to get it more than younger ones. |
0cfa545991790a1425c6cb00c43e2cbd | How could I get trichomoniasis? | You get trich from having sex with someone who has it. Typically, trich is passed between the penis and vagina, and it doesn't matter if a man ejaculates or not -- it can be spread just through contact. Women who have sex with women can also get trich because it can spread through vaginal contact, as well. Women typically get the infection in their vulva, vagina, cervix, or urethra. Men usually get it just inside their penis in the urethra, but they may also get it in their prostate. You don't typically get it in other parts of your body, such as your hands, mouth, or anus. The thing to keep in mind with trich is that you can spread it even if you don't have any symptoms. That also means you can get it from someone who doesn't have any symptoms. |
b8b68089e6e247cb7fb84449ba35001d | What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis? | But if you or one of your sex partners has it, it's important to get treatment. Trich raises the chances that you could get or spread other STDS including HIV. |
576236cec48ecf9d8b1a9f45cdb4f1c9 | How does zinc help treat ADHD? | Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms. Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children. |
17d03415a1adf9f2aef1d7de66855d19 | Can iron help treat ADHD? | Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven. |
b198da913bc7fb532a12eed2ebfeae13 | Have there been studies done on the effects of fish oil on ADHD? | A specific supplement of fish oil and evening primrose oil was used in one study. The results showed improvements with hyperactivity, inattentiveness, ability to think clearly, and overall behavior in children with ADHD who were 7 to 12 years old. |
5e791c8f5e1846ba8d93703cf3d3ded4 | How do zinc supplements affect ADHD symptoms? | Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children. |
2332dc78b3f26e231acd9d1a58ec34dc | Does St. John's wort help ADHD? | This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder. |
27b4da05b193abfb496a9e0b30373b72 | Do I need to check with my doctor if I am taking natural supplements for ADHD? | Also check with the doctor before you use any natural supplement. That includes mega-doses of vitamins or minerals. There's a chance they could do more harm than good, and they may cause problems with prescribed medications. |
9370b3d428f77a56007548f2a49ed510 | What are other natural supplements that treat ADHD? | There's some evidence that certain natural supplements might help. A combo of American ginseng and Ginkgo leaf improved ADHD symptoms in children ages 3 to 17 in one study. More research is needed to confirm the finding, though. |
fcaa487ec001ac98483529b1b1d54e16 | What foods should children or adults with ADHD eat to increase zinc levels? | Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals. |
5214637a0d0d9799ff5d83a9d190e47e | Which foods are high in zinc? | Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals. |
3b11bac6e3fba82178ede01fc470a519 | Which fish are high in omega-3 fatty acids? | Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals. |
4e0b8226f72ed313bc0279daead94626 | How do zinc levels relate to ADHD in children? | Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms. |
b95d5168f4f04a0f2b64b3541fa608b0 | What are some natural or alternative treatments to ADHD? | Some ânaturalâ or alternative treatments might be unsafe, too. Certain ones can mix dangerously with prescription medicines. And don't assume that vitamins or supplements are safe just because they're billed as being ânatural.â Most don't have to be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA). Talk to your doctor about any alternative treatment before taking it. |
b4006838df56e0dbc1bd2ba8ac789315 | Is there a prescription-strength omega-3 supplement available for people with ADHD? | Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder. |
0b57cb905e8ecfe79091b9a42784420c | Do children with ADHD need iron supplements? | Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven. Check with your doctor before you give your child any supplement. Taking too much iron, for instance, can be toxic -- even deadly. |
25c21209d89235b7fc2cc8b7674abf0b | Can dietary supplements affect ADHD symptoms? | Some people think ADHD symptoms happen or get worse because of a lack of something in their diets. |
c661c237427ca467f169420b351bd85d | Does St. John's wort help treat ADHD? | This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder. |
2a5710f3eada658ebabc3e050ed63d76 | What kind of fish are high in omega-3s? | Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals. |
e3240c3b7157091b9d1363883424c703 | Do dietary supplements or changes cause ADHD symptoms? | Some people think ADHD symptoms happen or get worse because of a lack of something in their diets. But the jury is still out on whether any dietary supplements can affect ADHD symptoms. |
4dd754d35c96db10af9bc841b3781cea | What is a groin pull? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A groin pull -- or groin strain -- results from putting too much stress on muscles in your groin and thigh. If these muscles are tensed too forcefully or too suddenly, they can get over-stretched or torn. |
270e410bb81e5c6f26c2d4d510a7b3c7 | How is a groin pull diagnosed? | Here are some symptoms of a groin pull: Pain and tenderness in the groin and the inside of the thigh Pain when you bring your legs together Pain when you raise your knee A popping or snapping feeling during the injury, followed by severe pain Groin pulls are often divided into three degrees of severity: 1st degree: Mild pain, but little loss of strength or movement 2nd degree: Moderate pain, mild to moderate strength loss and some tissue damage 3rd degree: Severe pain, severe loss of strength and function due to a complete tear of the muscle To diagnose a groin pull, your doctor will give you a thorough physical exam. Tests like X-rays and MRIs (magnetic resonance imaging) may be needed to rule out other problems. |
da07800385d9133889ae75ec605e4699 | How are symptoms of groin pull divided? | Here are some symptoms of a groin pull: Pain and tenderness in the groin and the inside of the thigh Pain when you bring your legs together Pain when you raise your knee A popping or snapping feeling during the injury, followed by severe pain Groin pulls are often divided into three degrees of severity: 1st degree: Mild pain, but little loss of strength or movement 2nd degree: Moderate pain, mild to moderate strength loss and some tissue damage 3rd degree: Severe pain, severe loss of strength and function due to a complete tear of the muscle To diagnose a groin pull, your doctor will give you a thorough physical exam. |
410d6de5e01d32c2484a2a2c84742798 | What are the symptoms of kyphosis ? | Symptoms of lordosis may include: Appearing swayback, with the buttocks being more pronounced Having a large gap between the lower back and the floor when lying on your back on a hard surface that does not change when you bend forward Back pain and discomfort Problems moving certain ways Symptoms of kyphosis are usually visible in nature and include: Bending forward of the head compared to the rest of the body Hump or curve to the upper back Fatigue in back or legs Postural kyphosis does not typically cause back pain; however, physical activity and long periods of standing and sitting can cause discomfort for people with Scheuermann's kyphosis. |
f97c9a6ae8ef683ca438436eaa609d4c | What types of surgery are used to treat spine curvature disorders? | The following procedures may be used to treat spine curvature disorders: Spinal instrumentation. Instruments such as hooks, rods, and wire are attached to the spine to realign the bones of the spine and keep them secure following spinal fusion. Artificial disc replacement. Degenerated discs in the spine are replaced with artificial devices. Kyphoplasty. A balloon is inserted inside the spine to straighten and stabilize the affected area and relieve pain. |
1efef0243dbc1a7b5a8ac00f5084ef61 | What should I know about spine curvature disorder? | !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The spine, or backbone, is made up of small bones (vertebrae) stacked -- along with discs -- one on top of another. A healthy spine when viewed from the side has gentle curves to it. The curves help the spine absorb stress from body movement and gravity. When viewed from the back, the spine should run straight down the middle of the back. When abnormalities of the spine occur, the natural curvatures of the spine are misaligned or exaggerated in certain areas, as occurs with lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. |
e86caf02bacb45582fb65e7d9003b65c | What conditions can cause lordosis? | A condition in which a vertebrae, usually in the lower back, slips forward Osteoporosis, a condition in which vertebrae become fragile and can be easily broken (compression fractures) Obesity, or being extremely overweight Kyphosis. |
ef29bd532ea9fc33c4f821369d6bee67 | What conditions can cause kyphosis? | Inflammation of the disc space between the bones of the spine most often caused by infection Benign (harmless) juvenile lordosis The following conditions can cause kyphosis: Abnormal vertebrae development in utero (congenital kyphosis) Poor posture or slouching (postural kyphosis) Scheuermann's disease, a condition that causes vertebrae to be misshaped ( Scheuermann's kyphosis) Arthritis Osteoporosis Spina bifida, a birth defect in which the spinal column of the fetus does not close completely during development inside the womb Spine infections Spine tumors Doctors do not know what causes the most common type of scoliosis seen in adolescents. |
ac5d81ed66414eaa1f060388a31f5352 | How is kyphosis treated? | Treatment for lordosis may include: Medication to relieve pain and swelling Exercise and physical therapy to increase muscle strength and flexibility Wearing a back brace Weight loss Surgery Treatment for kyphosis may include: Exercise and anti-inflammatory medication to ease pain or discomfort Wearing a back brace Surgery to correct severe spine curvature and congenital kyphosis Exercises and physical therapy to increase muscle strength Treatment for scoliosis may include: Observation. |
f497af1d8b3cfe3910019dca75308bbe | How is lordosis treated? | Treatment for lordosis may include: Medication to relieve pain and swelling Exercise and physical therapy to increase muscle strength and flexibility Wearing a back brace Weight loss Surgery Treatment for kyphosis may include: Exercise and anti-inflammatory medication to ease pain or discomfort Wearing a back brace Surgery to correct severe spine curvature and congenital kyphosis Exercises and physical therapy to increase muscle strength Treatment for scoliosis may include: Observation. |
3e6eb21e49b0d76631f5262351b4178f | How do I know if I have a spine curvature disorder? | Your doctor can diagnose a spine curvature disorder by taking a medical and family history, examining the curve of your spine during a physical examination, and using imaging tests, like X-rays, to look more closely at the spine. X-rays can show if there are any abnormalities to the bones of the spine and can also measure how much curve is present. If you or a loved one's back appears to have an abnormal curve to it, beyond just poor posture, see your doctor so that you can be evaluated and treated. |
39c94163480ec58ac7ee331c554c6a9c | What are the symptoms of lordosis? | Symptoms of lordosis may include: Appearing swayback, with the buttocks being more pronounced Having a large gap between the lower back and the floor when lying on your back on a hard surface that does not change when you bend forward Back pain and discomfort Problems moving certain ways Symptoms of kyphosis are usually visible in nature and include: Bending forward of the head compared to the rest of the body Hump or curve to the upper back Fatigue in back or legs Postural kyphosis does not typically cause back pain; however, physical activity and long periods of standing and sitting can cause discomfort for people with Scheuermann's kyphosis. |
1a05856fb29b8d071ffc2b18bcaff15b | How are spine curvature disorders treated? | Symptoms of scoliosis may include having: Uneven shoulder blades with one being higher than the other An uneven waist or hip Leaning toward one side In general, treatment is determined based on the severity and type of spinal curvature disorder you have. Mild spinal curvature, as occurs with postural kyphosis, may not be treated at all. More severe spinal curvature may require the use of a back brace or surgery. |
768f8ff3af26da4ba6de1cf9a4110401 | What are the symptoms of scoliosis? | Symptoms of scoliosis may include having: Uneven shoulder blades with one being higher than the other An uneven waist or hip Leaning toward one side In general, treatment is determined based on the severity and type of spinal curvature disorder you have. |
7d9ff59571c9ab2dc5ec2e77d2734c16 | What causes scoliosis? | Inflammation of the disc space between the bones of the spine most often caused by infection Benign (harmless) juvenile lordosis The following conditions can cause kyphosis: Abnormal vertebrae development in utero (congenital kyphosis) Poor posture or slouching (postural kyphosis) Scheuermann's disease, a condition that causes vertebrae to be misshaped ( Scheuermann's kyphosis) Arthritis Osteoporosis Spina bifida, a birth defect in which the spinal column of the fetus does not close completely during development inside the womb Spine infections Spine tumors Doctors do not know what causes the most common type of scoliosis seen in adolescents. However, doctors do know that scoliosis tends to run in families. A disease, injury, infection, or birth defect also may be to blame. |
34a4ba023ff7770e3ad8784f2b9cd90d | How is osteoarthritis of the spine diagnosed? | The doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical exam to see if the person has pain, tenderness, loss of motion involving the neck or lower back, or if symptoms are suggestive, signs of nerve involvement such as weakness, reflex changes, or loss of sensation. The doctor may order certain tests to aid in the diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the spine. These tests include: X-rays to look for bone damage, bone spurs, and loss of cartilage or disc; however, X-rays are not able to show early damage to cartilage. Blood tests to exclude other diseases Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) to show possible damage to discs or narrowing of areas where spinal nerves exit In most cases, treatment of spinal osteoarthritis is geared toward relieving the symptoms of pain and increasing a person's ability to function. |
80a51fe7cc955fb3ef9a5661e37118a1 | What are non-drug treatments for osteoarthritis? | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS) using a small device that emits electrical pulses onto the affected area nutritional supplements Pain medications may also be used to treat osteoarthritis. |
99df61efc7945cbbdda507fe45dfb45e | What is necessary in treatment plans for osteoarthritis? | Including rest periods in the overall treatment plan is necessary. But bed rest, splints, bracing, or traction for long periods of time is not recommended. |
9e5b068b8c14675a717c1db76a0185cf | Who gets osteoarthritis of the spine? | In general, osteoarthritis happens as people get older. Younger people may get it from one of several different causes: injury or trauma to a jointa genetic defect involving cartilage For people younger than age 45, osteoarthritis is more common among men. After age 45, osteoarthritis is more common among women. Osteoarthritis occurs more often among people who are overweight. It also occurs more frequently in those who have jobs or do sports that put repetitive stress on certain joints. |
f212829f64a54dc77acf23cb7fcaa848 | What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the spine? | Osteoarthritis of the spine may cause stiffness or pain in the neck or back. It may also cause weakness or numbness in the legs or arms if it is severe enough to affect spinal nerves or the spinal cord itself. Usually, the back discomfort is relieved when the person is lying down. Some people experience little interference with the activities of their lives. Others become more severely disabled. In addition to the physical effects, a person with osteoarthritis might also experience social and emotional problems. For instance, a person with osteoarthritis that hinders daily activities and job performance might feel depressed or helpless. |
6edff4b417ac74bdea949c39553104f5 | When is surgery used to treat osteoarthritis? | Most cases of spinal osteoarthritis can be treated without surgery, but surgery is sometimes performed. |
d1dbb6db56da96dd337678076b5c1754 | How is osteoarthritis of the spine treated? | Blood tests to exclude other diseases Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) to show possible damage to discs or narrowing of areas where spinal nerves exit In most cases, treatment of spinal osteoarthritis is geared toward relieving the symptoms of pain and increasing a person's ability to function. The goal is to have a healthy lifestyle. Initial treatment may include losing weight if needed and then, for everyone, maintaining a healthy weight. It may also include exercise. Besides helping with weight management, exercise can also help: increase flexibility improve attitude and mood strengthen the heart improve blood flow make it easier to do daily tasks Some of the exercises associated with osteoarthritis treatment include swimming, walking, and water aerobics. |
42d2186c5e8c85a4228fe1fab8818937 | What exercises are associated with osteoarthritis treatment? | Besides helping with weight management, exercise can also help: increase flexibility improve attitude and mood strengthen the heart improve blood flow make it easier to do daily tasks Some of the exercises associated with osteoarthritis treatment include swimming, walking, and water aerobics. Exercise may be broken down into the following categories: Strengthening exercises. These exercises seek to make muscles that support the joints stronger. They work through resistance with the use of weights or rubber bands. Aerobic exercises. These are exercises that make the heart and circulatory system stronger. Range-of-motion exercises. These exercises increase the body's flexibility. |
014a1156d32001614bb935a75ef0560d | How can calcium help rebuild your bone after a fracture? | This mineral also helps you build strong bones, so foods and drinks rich in it can help your bone fracture heal. Adults should get between 1,000 and 1,200 milligrams of calcium each day. Your doctor will tell if you need a calcium supplement, and what amount you should take if you do. Good sources: Milk, yogurt, cheese, cottage cheese, broccoli, turnip or collard greens, kale, bok choy, soy, beans, canned tuna or salmon with bones, almond milk, and fortified cereals or juice. |
a1df130253a178b62a80e69cd200321c | How can vitamin C help rebuild your bone after a fracture? | Collagen is a protein that's an important building block for bone. Vitamin C helps your body make collagen, which helps your bone fracture heal. You can get it from many tasty, fresh fruits and veggies. Aged or heated produce can lose some of its vitamin C, so go for fresh or frozen. Good sources: Citrus fruits like oranges, kiwi fruit, berries, tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, and green vegetables. |
be03b370668f27cb2a95590b648545d1 | How can protein help rebuild your bone after a fracture? | About half your bone's structure is made of this. When you have a fracture, your body needs it to build new bone for the repair. It also helps your body take in and use calcium, another key nutrient for healthy bones. Good sources: Meat, fish, milk, cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt, nuts, seeds, beans, soy products, and fortified cereals. |
669d0df2ac5320a017001959d34c2c6e | How can vitamin D help rebuild your bone after a fracture? | It helps your blood take in and use calcium and build up the minerals in your bones. You get some vitamin D when sunlight hits your skin, so it can be a good idea to spend a short amount of time outdoors each day -- 15 minutes may be enough for a fair-skinned person. Vitamin D is found naturally in only a few foods like egg yolks and fatty fish, but manufacturers add it to other foods, like milk or orange juice. Adults should get at least 600 IU of vitamin D every day, and if you're over 70 you should get at least 800 IU. Good sources: Swordfish, salmon, cod liver oil, sardines, liver, fortified milk or yogurt, egg yolks, and fortified orange juice. |
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