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How is hay fever diagnosed?
Symptoms can include: Stuffy or runny nose Sneezing Cough Itchy, watery eyes Itchy mouth, throat, or ears Postnasal drip Dark circles under your eyes Your doctor will know if you have hay fever based on your symptoms and a physical exam. If he needs more proof, he'll use skin and blood tests to see how your body reacts...
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What does PTSD look like?
Common behaviors include the following: Avoiding activities, places, or people associated with the triggering event Difficulty concentrating Difficulty sleeping Being hypervigilant (you closely watch your surroundings) Feeling a general sense of doom and gloom with diminished emotions (such as loving feelings or aspira...
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What is generalized anxiety disorder?
They might include: Mitral valve prolapse Hypoglycemia Hyperthyroidism Heart attacks Social phobia Agoraphobia (fear of not being able to escape, such as flying in an airplane or being in crowds) Generalized anxiety disorder is excessive and unrealistic worry over a period of at least six months. It is associated with ...
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What can trigger a panic attack?
Panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks along with constant fears about having future attacks and, often, avoiding situations that may trigger or remind someone of previous attacks. Not all panic attacks are caused by panic disorder; other conditions may trigger a panic attack.
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What are phobic disorders?
It is associated with at least three of the following symptoms: Restlessness Fatigue Difficulty concentrating Irritability or explosive anger Muscle tension Sleep disturbances Personality changes, such as becoming less social Phobic disorders are intense, persistent, and recurrent fear of certain objects (such as snake...
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What are symptoms of a panic attack?
Panic attacks are intense periods of fear or feelings of doom developing over a very short time frame -- up to 10 minutes -- and associated with at least four of the following: Sudden overwhelming fear Palpitations Sweating Trembling Shortness of breath Sense of choking Chest pain Nausea Dizziness A feeling of being de...
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What are the presenting symptoms of headaches in hemicrania continua?
The headaches often have some of the same symptoms as other kinds of headaches. This overlap can make them tricky for doctors to diagnose. Like migraines, they can cause: Nausea or vomiting Sensitivity to noise or light Throbbing pain Hemicrania continua also shares features of cluster headaches. For example, people wh...
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What neck conditions cause hemicrania continua?
That causes symptoms that happen on the painful side of the face and head, including: Stuffy or runny nose Nosebleeds (which are rare) Tearing, redness, or irritation of the eyes Drooping eyelids Sweating Some things tend to make symptoms worse, such as: Stress Changes in sleep patterns Bright lights Fatigue Overdoing ...
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What are the symptoms of a hemicrania continua?
People with hemicrania continua describe a dull ache or throb that's interrupted by pain that is: Jolting Sharp Stabbing These attacks usually happen three to five times a day.
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Can a hemicrania continua be treated?
With the right treatment, though, most people can get nearly complete relief from the pain.
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What are the symptoms of hemicrania continua?
People with hemicrania continua describe a dull ache or throb that's interrupted by pain that is: Jolting Sharp Stabbing These attacks usually happen three to five times a day. Some people will have these headaches steadily for months or years. For others, the pain will last for at least 3 months and then will go away ...
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What can make the symptoms of hemicrania continua worse?
That causes symptoms that happen on the painful side of the face and head, including: Stuffy or runny nose Nosebleeds (which are rare) Tearing, redness, or irritation of the eyes Drooping eyelids Sweating Some things tend to make symptoms worse, such as: Stress Changes in sleep patterns Bright lights Fatigue Overdoing ...
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Does thyroid cancer require surgery?
Surgery is the most widely used method to get rid of thyroid cancer. If the entire thyroid gland is removed, It's called a thyroidectomy. If part of your thyroid gland is removed, the procedure is called a lobectomy. Your surgery may also include removing lymph nodes in the neck area, and tissue around the thyroid glan...
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How do I know how my thyroid cancer will be treated?
The treatment you get will depend on the type and stage of the cancer.
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What does radioactive iodine ablation for thyroid cancer consist of?
Radioactive iodine ( RAI) ablation is used to destroy any thyroid tissue that's left after a thyroidectomy. The iodine goes to the thyroid tissue and the radiation destroys it. It may also be used for cancer that spreads to nearby lymph nodes, spreads to other parts of the body, or returns. The level of radiation in th...
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What is external beam radiation for thyroid cancer?
These treatments are mostly used for thyroid cancers that are less common or more advanced: External beam radiation, or X-ray therapy, uses radiation to destroy cancer cells. It is very carefully delivered to protect the rest of your body as much as possible. You'll get radiation therapy over several weeks.
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What is chemotherapy for thyroid cancer?
Chemotherapy, or chemo, means using chemicals for treatment. For cancer, the medicines attack and kill fast-growing cells, like cancer cells. You may get pills, shots, or intravenous ( IV) chemo. It has side effects, but your doctor will help you to manage them.
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What is mad cow disease?
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Can you get mad cow disease from milk?
Experiments have shown that milk from mad cow-infected cows has not caused infections.
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What is the human version of mad cow disease?
A human version of mad cow disease called variant Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease (v CJD) is believed to be caused by eating beef products contaminated with central nervous system tissue, such as brain and spinal cord, from cattle infected with mad cow disease. For this reason, the USDA requires that all brain and spinal co...
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What causes mad cow disease?
Researchers believe that the infectious agent that causes mad cow disease is an abnormal version of a protein normally found on cell surfaces, called a prion. For reasons still unknown, this protein becomes altered and destroys nervous system tissue -- the brain and spinal cord.
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When was the first case of mad cow disease?
Mad cow disease has been of great concern since 1986, when it was first reported among cattle in the U. K. At its peak in January 1993, almost 1,000 new cases per week were identified. Concern about this disease grew significantly in 1996 when an association between mad cow disease and v CJD in humans was discovered.
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What is gastroparesis?
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How is gastroparesis diagnosed using ultrasound?
Ultrasound : This is an imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of body organs. Your doctor may use ultrasound to eliminate other diseases.
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What medications can you use for gastroparesis?
Some patients may benefit from medications, including: Reglan (metoclopramide): You take this drug before eating and it causes the stomach muscles to contract and move food along. Reglan also decreases the incidence of vomiting and nausea. Side effects include diarrhea, drowsiness, anxiety, and, rarely, a serious neuro...
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What is the treatment for gastroparesis?
This means that treatment usually doesn't cure the disease. But there are steps you can take to manage and control the condition.
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What causes gastroparesis?
However, the causes of gastroparesis can include: Uncontrolled diabetes Gastric surgery with injury to the vagus nerve Medications such as narcotics and some antidepressants Parkinson's disease Multiple sclerosis Rare conditions such as: amyloidosis (deposits of protein fibers in tissues and organs) and scleroderma (a ...
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What are some symptoms of genital herpes?
Genital herpes symptoms also include: Numbness, tingling, or burning in the genital region A burning sensation while urinating or having intercourse Painful urination, difficulty urinating, or a frequent need to urinate Watery blisters in the genital area Many people with recurrent herpes experience warning signals up ...
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What are signs of genital herpes?
When these blisters burst they leave the tender sores known as ulcers. The first time a person has a herpes outbreak, the ulcers may take two to four weeks to heal. The next outbreaks may not occur for weeks, months, or even later. When they do, they usually are less severe than the first outbreak. Herpes infection doe...
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How can a doctor diagnose genital herpes?
A doctor can diagnose genital herpes by looking at the outbreak and taking a sample of tissue or fluid from the sores. There are also blood tests for HSV-1 and HSV-2. Although they can't pinpoint when the infection was acquired or predict when an outbreak is likely to happen again, they are useful for diagnosing the co...
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How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy diagnosed?
You should let your child's doctor know about the symptoms you've been noticing. He'll want to know your child's medical history, then ask questions about his symptoms, like: How old was your child when he started walking? How well does he do things like run, climb stairs, or get up from the floor? How long have you no...
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Why is it important for a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy to see a heart doctor?
Because DMD can cause heart problems, it's important for your child to see a heart doctor, called a cardiologist, for checkups once every 2 years until age 10, and once a year after that. Girls and women who carry the gene have a higher risk of heart problems, too. They should see a cardiologist in their late teens or ...
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What is borderline leprosy?
People with this type of leprosy have symptoms of both the tuberculoid and lepromatous forms.
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What is tuberculoid leprosy?
A mild, less severe form of leprosy. People with this type have only one or a few patches of flat, pale-colored skin (paucibacillary leprosy). The affected area of skin may feel numb because of nerve damage underneath. Tuberculoid leprosy is less contagious than other forms.
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How is leprosy treated?
Treatment depends on the type of leprosy that you have. Antibiotics are used to treat the infection. Long-term treatment with two or more antibiotics is recommended, usually from six months to a year. People with severe leprosy may need to take antibiotics longer. Antibiotics cannot treat the nerve damage. Anti-inflamm...
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What are the complications of leprosy?
Complications of leprosy can include: Blindness or glaucoma Disfiguration of the face (including permanent swelling, bumps, and lumps) Erectile dysfunction and infertility in men Kidney failure Muscle weakness that leads to claw-like hands or an inability to flex the feet Permanent damage to the inside of the nose, whi...
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What causes leprosy?
Leprosy is caused by a slow-growing type of bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae ( M. leprae). Leprosy is also known as Hansen's disease, after the scientist who discovered M. leprae in 1873.
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Where can you get chondroitin naturally?
Chondroitin occurs naturally in animal tissue, especially connective tissues. Gristle on animal bones is high in chondroitin. However, these sources are much lower than the doses provided in chondroitin supplements. Some chondroitin supplements come from animal sources, like shark or beef cartilage.
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How much chondroitin should you take?
If you're interested in using chondroitin for arthritis pain, talk to your doctor about the latest evidence. Since chondroitin is not an established treatment, the ideal dosage is uncertain. For osteoarthritis, some studies have used 800 milligrams up to 2000 milligrams in single or divided doses for up to 3 years.
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What are the side effects of chondroitin?
Chondroitin seems to be safe for most people. Side effects are rare. Some people have reported headaches, mood changes, rash, hives, diarrhea, and other symptoms. If you have any side effects, stop taking the supplement and see a doctor.
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What are the risks of taking chondroitin?
People who have asthma, or prostate cancer should not take chondroitin supplements without talking to a doctor first. There have been some instances of hypersensitivity in people with shellfish allergies. Since chondroitin might work as a blood thinner, there is a theoretical risk of bleeding, especially in people with...
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Why do people take chondroitin?
As an osteoarthritis treatment, chondroitin is often used along with another supplement, glucosamine. The evidence that chondroitin helps with osteoarthritis is mixed. A number of studies seemed to show that it is effective. Researchers found that chondroitin appeared to reduce pain, increase joint mobility, and decrea...
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How can support groups and peer counselors help with cancer support?
Reach out to one or more of the following: Support groups and peer counselors. Peer counselors are people who've had your type of cancer and can talk to you about the experience. Most cancer centers around the country have support groups and other free programs that can help you work through your emotions, even after y...
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Is mental and emotional help still necessary in cancer remission?
Experts say it's crucial to have someone to talk to about your fears and frustrations. It'll remind you that you're loved and help you feel less alone. If you're having problems, don't try to act like you're OK. Instead, tell well-meaning loved ones you have to adjust to this new phase of life and you're doing the best...
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How can my doctor help support me during cancer?
She may have resources, like a therapist you can see. She can help, too, if you need antidepressants or other medication for ongoing mood problems.
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How can modified radical hysterectomy help with treating cervical cancer?
This surgery is usually for early stage cervical cancer that has not spread outside the cervix. During a radical hysterectomy, your doctor removes the uterus and cervix, along with ligaments that hold the uterus in place, and the top part of the vagina next to the cervix. Pelvic lymph nodes may also be removed. The sur...
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What do you need to know about treating cervical cancer?
If you were diagnosed with cervical cancer, just know that it's usually very treatable -- especially if your doctor caught it early. If so, there are several options to treat it, relieve your symptoms, and help you live longer. First, your doctor will have to determine the cancer's stage, meaning its size, and whether ...
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How can pelvic exenteration help with treating cervical cancer?
This surgery is used when cervical cancer comes back and spreads outside the cervix. Your surgeon will remove your cervix, uterus, and nearby lymph nodes. Other organs, like the bladder, vagina, rectum, and part of the colon might also be removed, depending on where your cancer has spread. If you have your bladder or r...
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How can total hysterectomy help with treating cervical cancer?
This surgery removes your uterus and cervix. It is the main treatment for small cancers that haven't spread outside your cervix. This procedure can be done through your: Belly (abdominal hysterectomy) Belly, through very small holes (laparoscopic hysterectomy) During the procedure, you surgeon might also remove your fa...
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How can trachelectomy help with treating cervical cancer?
This procedure, also known as a cervicectomy, is an option if you have early-stage cervical cancer and still want to have children. It removes the cervix and top of the vagina, but leaves most of the uterus. This can be done through an open cut or laparoscopically in the abdomen or can be done vaginally. If you get pre...
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What are side effects of chemotherapy for cervical cancer?
The side effects from chemotherapy depend on which drugs you take, but can include: Changes in your periods Fatigue Hair loss Increased risk for infection Loss of appetite Mouth sores Nausea and vomiting Getting both radiation and chemo can increase the number of side effects you have. Many of these will go away once y...
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How is cancer-related pain typically treated?
Pain-relieving drugs are the most common treatment option. For mild aches, over-the-counter pain meds such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen can work well. But check with your health care team before you take any to make sure they won't affect the way your cancer medicines work. For more severe pain, your doctor may presc...
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What should I do to prepare for a lung function test for asthma?
Other things to do on the day of a lung function test: Don't smoke Don't have coffee, tea, cola, or chocolate Avoid exercise and cold air Be prepared to adjust your asthma drugs.
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How often should you get tested for chlamydia?
Because chlamydia often occurs without symptoms, people who are infected may unknowingly infect their sex partners. Many doctors recommend that all persons who have more than one sex partner should be tested for chlamydia regularly, even in the absence of symptoms.
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How is chlamydia diagnosed?
But when they do occur, they are usually noticeable within one to three weeks of contact and can include the following: Chlamydia symptoms in women Abnormal vaginal discharge that may have an odor Bleeding between periods Painful periods Abdominal pain with fever Pain when having sex Itching or burning in or around the...
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When should you contact a doctor if you think you have chlamydia?
Any genital symptoms such as discharge or burning during urination or an unusual sore or rash should be a signal to stop having sex and to consult a doctor immediately. If you are told you have chlamydia or any other sexually transmitted disease and receive treatment, you should notify all of your recent sex partners s...
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What are complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
It can cause: Dry eyes and dry mouth Rheumatoid nodules or lumps under your skin near the joints that usually don't hurt Shortness of breath and chest pain Tiredness, which sometimes, but not always, happens if you don't have enough red blood cells, a problem called anemia Weight loss Numbness and tingling in your hand...
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What are symptoms of liver cancer?
Liver cancer usually has no initial symptoms or may have vague symptoms such as fatigue, fever, chills, and night sweats. Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itchin...
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What are the symptoms of liver cancer?
Liver cancer usually has no initial symptoms or may have vague symptoms such as fatigue, fever, chills, and night sweats. Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itchin...
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What are symptoms of advanced stage liver cancer?
Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general wea...
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What are the symptoms of advanced liver cancer?
Eventually, symptoms may include: Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the upper right section of the abdomen Weight loss Loss of appetite Jaundice -- yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes Itching all over the body Swollen legs In the advanced stage, symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, general wea...
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How is postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) diagnosed?
PHN usually is diagnosed when pain lasts three months or more after an acute attack of shingles or appears after the skin lesions of shingles have healed.
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What are symptoms of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)?
In PHN, pain is intense and may be described as burning, stabbing, or gnawing. Affected areas of the body may be hypersensitive or may have decreased sensation. In addition, areas previously affected by shingles may show evidence of scarring.
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How is postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) treated?
For many people, PHN may improve over time without treatment.
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Who is more likely to get postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)?
PHN occurs most often in elderly people and in people whose immune systems have been compromised. The pain of PHN, which occurs in the same area as the pain and rash of shingles, results from damage to nerve fibers during the shingles infection. Shingles is caused by a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the sa...
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How soon do you get symptoms of fish-handler's disease?
The disease generally develops 2-7 days after injury to the skin and subsequent bacterial infection. A sharply defined, red-purple circular area appears and surrounds the puncture. The area of injury increases in diameter by about one-half inch per day. Pain, burning, itching, and swelling at the infection site; joint ...
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How is fish-handler's disease treated?
All wounds require immediate cleansing with fresh tap water. Gently scrub the wound with soap and water to remove any foreign material. After cleansing, a topical antibiotic ointment (for example, bacitracin) should be applied 3-4 times per day.
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How are Botox injections used to treat knee osteoarthritis?
Because it can shut down nerve cells, doctors can use it to ease muscle spasms. Some doctors are trying botulinum to help treat joint pain. The theory is that it might permanently deaden nerves and offer relief. But it wouldn't affect the knee's structure. Does it work? A review of 16 studies published in 2016 in the j...
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What is amenorrhea?
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What are the two types of amenorrhea?
There are two types of amenorrhea: Primary amenorrhea. This is when a young woman has not had her first period by the age of 16. Secondary amenorrhea. This is when a woman who has had normal menstrual cycles stops getting her monthly period for 3 or more months.
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What are the causes of primary amenorrhea?
Many things could cause amenorrhea. Possible causes of primary amenorrhea (when a woman never gets her first period) include: Failure of the ovaries Problems in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) or the pituitary gland (a gland in the brain that makes the hormones involved in menstruation) Problems with...
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What causes secondary amenorrhea?
Common causes of secondary amenorrhea (when a woman who has had normal periods stops getting them) include: Pregnancy Breastfeeding Stopping the use of birth control Menopause Some birth control methods, such as Depo- Provera or certain types of intrauterine devices ( IUDs) Other causes of secondary amenorrhea include:...
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How does mitral valve regurgitation happen?
The mitral valve is supposed to be a one-way passage. It has flaps that should close behind the surge of blood it sends to the left ventricle. But sometimes the valve doesn't seal properly. That allows blood to flow backward through it, returning to the left atrium. When this happens, you have mitral valve regurgitatio...
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What are symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation?
But if the condition worsens, you might have: Heart palpitations, which happen when your heart skips a beat. They produce feelings in your chest that can range from fluttering to pounding. They may be more likely to happen when you're lying on your left side. Coughing Fatigue Shortness of breath Rapid breathing Chest p...
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What are complications of mitral valve regurgitation?
Other possible causes: A buildup of calcium can keep it from working as it should Rheumatic fever, which can develop as a result of strep throat, can damage your mitral valve A type of bacterial infection called “infective endocarditis,” which attacks the lining of your heart's chambers and valves, might also cause...
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What can dental X-rays do?
Dental X-rays help dentists visualize diseases of the teeth and surrounding tissue that cannot be seen with a simple oral exam. In addition, X-rays help the dentist find and treat dental problems early in their development, which can potentially save you money, unnecessary discomfort, and maybe even your life.
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What problems can dental X-rays detect in adults?
In adults, dental X-rays can be used to: Show areas of decay that may not be visible with an oral exam, especially small areas of decay between teeth Identify decay occurring beneath an existing filling Reveal bone loss that accompanies gum disease Reveal changes in the bone or in the root canal resulting from infectio...
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What snacks are heart-healthy?
Margarine, trans-fat-free Nonfat cooking sprays Nonhydrogenated shortening Oils, olive and canola Replacements for fat when baking, such as applesauce, fruit puree, or yogurt Salad dressings, reduced-fat or nonfat Snacks: Stock your pantry with nuts, dried fruit, and whole wheat products for snacks and meals. Nuts and ...
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What causes antidepressant discontinuation syndrome?
Your doctor may diagnose you with antidepressant discontinuation symptoms if: You suddenly develop symptoms days after stopping an antidepressant Symptoms rapidly go away when you start taking the antidepressant again There's no way to predict if you will have discontinuation symptoms after quitting an antidepressant. ...
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How are antidepressant discontinuation symptoms diagnosed?
Your doctor may diagnose you with antidepressant discontinuation symptoms if: You suddenly develop symptoms days after stopping an antidepressant Symptoms rapidly go away when you start taking the antidepressant again There's no way to predict if you will have discontinuation symptoms after quitting an antidepressant.
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How can I safely stop using antidepressants?
If you are thinking about stopping your antidepressant therapy, talk to your doctor to discuss the risks and benefits of discontinuing treatment. Never stop "cold turkey." In many cases, the best way to stop taking most antidepressants is to slowly cut back your dose under the guidance of your doctor. This is called ta...
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Which long-acting antidepressants can lead to discontinuation symptoms?
Other short-acting medications that affect mainly serotonin include: Celexa (citalopram) Lexapro (escitalopram) Paxil (paroxetine) Zoloft (sertraline) Withdrawal is less common with medications that take longer for the body to clear, such as Prozac (fluoxetine) or Trintellix (vortioxetine). However, longer-acting antid...
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What are the symptoms of antidepressant discontinuation?
Symptoms of antidepressant withdrawal depend on the specific medication you have been taking. Symptoms most often occur within three days of stopping the antidepressant. They are usually mild and go away within about two weeks. Symptoms can include: Anxiety Depression and mood swings Dizziness and balance problems, pos...
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Does Peyronie's disease affect fertility?
Unless it prevents you from having sex, Peyronie's disease shouldn't affect fertility.
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How is heart disease linked to migraines?
Men with migraines are more likely to have a heart attack and heart disease. Women with migraines also have a higher chance of heart disease, especiallyif they have aura. How often your migraines come doesn't appear to change your chances of having these conditions.
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How is posttraumatic stress disorder linked to migraines?
If you have migraines, you may be more likely to have posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD). One study found the likelihood of having PTSD is 5 times higher if you have migraines.
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How is a stroke linked to migraines?
There's little evidence that a migraine will trigger a stroke, or that both things will hit at the same time. Still, the chance of a stroke is higher in some people who have migraines, like: Those who have aura Women People under 45 After 50, your odds of having a stroke from a migraine fall a great deal.
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What are tips for traveling by air with Parkinson's disease?
Request a non-stop flight and an aisle seat. Check as many bags as possible, but remember to keep your medications in your carry-on. Use airport shuttles, or ask for a wheelchair if your gate is a far distance. Ask for early seating for a few extra minutes to board and get comfortable. Use the bathroom before you get o...
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How can medications affect your daily life after a heart transplant?
As mentioned, after a heart transplant, patients must take several drugs. The most important are those to keep the body from rejecting the transplant. These drugs, which must be taken for life, can cause significant side effects, including high blood pressure, fluid retention, excessive hair growth, osteoporosis, and p...
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Can a person lead a normal life after a heart transplant?
With the exception of having to take lifelong medication to keep the body from rejecting the donated heart, many heart transplant recipients lead active and productive lives.
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Will I need to follow a special diet after a heart transplant?
After a heart transplant, the patient may need to follow a special diet, which may involve many of the same dietary changes made prior to surgery. A low-sodium diet will decrease the risk of high blood pressure and fluid retention. Your doctor will discuss your specific dietary needs, and a registered dietitian can hel...
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What should you consider before deciding if a heart transplant may be right for you?
The following basic questions should be considered by you, your doctor, and your family to determine if heart transplantation is right for you: Have all other therapies been tried or excluded? Are you likely to die in the near future without the transplant? Are you in generally good health other than the heart or heart...
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How is organ rejection avoided?
Rejection occurs when the body's immune cells recognize the transplanted heart as different from the rest of the body and attempt to destroy it. If left alone, the immune system would damage the cells of a new heart and eventually destroy it.
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How can a heart transplant affect how you exercise?
Heart transplant recipients can exercise and are encouraged to exercise to improve the function of the heart and to avoid weight gain. However, due to changes in the heart related to the transplant, patients should speak to their doctor or cardiac rehabilitation specialist before beginning an exercise program. Because ...
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What are the risks of a heart transplant?
The most common causes of death following a heart transplant are infection and rejection. Patients on drugs to prevent rejection of the new heart are at risk for developing kidney damage, high blood pressure, osteoporosis (a severe thinning of the bones, which can cause fractures), and lymphoma (a type of cancer that a...
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How many people are in need of a heart transplant?
At any given time, almost 3,500 to 4,000 people are waiting for a heart or heart-lung transplant. A person may wait months for a transplant and more than 25% do not live long enough to receive a new heart. Many people who are waiting for transplantation have mixed feelings, because they are aware that someone must die ...
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How are heart transplant recipients monitored?
Heart transplant recipients are carefully monitored for signs of rejection. Doctors frequently take samples of small pieces of the transplanted heart to inspect under a microscope. Called a biopsy, this procedure involves advancing a thin tube called a catheter through a vein to the heart. At the end of the catheter is...
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What is organ rejection in a heart transplant?
Normally, the body's immune system protects the body from infection. This occurs when cells of the immune system move around the body, checking for anything that looks foreign or different from the body's own cells. Rejection occurs when the body's immune cells recognize the transplanted heart as different from the res...
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What is the process for getting a heart transplant?
In order to get a heart transplant, you must first be placed on a transplant list. But, before you can be placed on the transplant list, you must go through a careful screening process. A team of heart doctors, nurses, social workers, and bioethicists review your medical history, diagnostic test results, social history...
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What are the signs of organ rejection in a heart transplant?
Signs of organ rejection include: Fever over 100.4 ° F (38 ° C) " Flu-like" symptoms such as chills, aches, headaches, dizziness, nausea, and/or vomiting Shortness of breath New chest pain or tenderness Fatigue or generally feeling "lousy" Elevation in blood pressure With too much immunosuppression, the immune system c...