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The Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.5 was a two-seat biplane floatplane built by the Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service aircraft factory Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk from 1918. The M.F.5 was the first tractor configuration aircraft designed and built in Norway. During almost eight years of service the M.F.5 was mainly used as a reconnaissance aircraft, although one example saw service as a trainer.
Design and development
During the latter part of the First World War, Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk manufactured Sopwith Baby floatplane fighter aircraft under licence from the United Kingdom. Based on the experience with this aircraft type the factory's director, Captain Halfdan Gyth Dehli, designed the M.F.5, work beginning in 1917. The M.F.5 was designed with a tractor (or "puller") propulsion configuration, making it the first tractor aircraft designed in Norway. Up until the M.F.5 the Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk factory had designed and built four different pusher types.
The M.F.5 was manufactured at Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk's factory in Horten from 1918. A total of nine scout aircraft of the type were produced. Another two M.F.5s were planned, but not completed. When initiated, the production of the M.F.5s occupied the full capacity of the aircraft factory in Horten. The aircraft were powered by 160 hp 16-cylinder Sunbeam water-cooled engines imported from the United Kingdom from 1917 onwards. The Sunbeams did not perform as well as had been hoped, leading to Norwegian attempts at returning the engines, ending in an agreement that reduced the price on 12 of the 16 imported engines. The engines never functioned fully satisfactory, and were rebuilt several times over the years it saw service with the M.F.5. The last M.F.5s to be manufactured were equipped with more powerful 240 hp 6-cylinder Siddeley Puma water-cooled engines.
Operational history
The type's first flight took place on 19 November 1918, shortly after the armistice between the German Empire and the Allies that ended the First World War. The first aircraft to fly was M.F.5 F.22, which was lost little over two weeks later when, on 4 December 1918, it suffered an engine malfunction and went into a spin. The aircraft crashed in Horten harbour, with one of the two on board suffering injuries and being hospitalised at the Royal Norwegian Navy's hospital in Horten. M.F.5 F.22 had only flown for 1 hour and 55 minutes before being lost.
In the winter of 1922, M.F.5 F.22 (II), one of the M.F.5s powered by a 240 hp Siddeley Puma engine, was used for a series of successful test landings and take-offs with floats on snow and ice. Tests on ice were carried out at Karljohansvern naval base in Horten, while tests on snow-covered surfaces were carried out on the nearby Lake Borrevannet.
During the type's close to eight years of service, six of the nine aircraft built were lost in accidents. In three of the six crashes engine failure was found to be the main cause of the incident. Pilot error was deemed the cause in two of the three remaining crashes, while M.F.22 (II) was lost to a sudden burst of wind during take-off on 29 May 1922. There were no deaths in any of the M.F.5 crashes. All but one of the type's crashes occurred in the area around the Royal Norwegian Navy's main base at Karljohansvern in Horten, with F.32 being the exception by suffering engine failure and crashing off the port city of Kristiansand.
All three surviving M.F.5s were retired from service on 5 August 1926. One of these three, M.F.5 F.26, had clocked the longest flying time of the type, a total of 55 hours in little over seven years of service. Although the type was designed and built as a scout aircraft for reconnaissance, one of the M.F.5s, F.34, served as a trainer with the Royal Norwegian Navy's flying school until lost to pilot error on 19 September 1921. The M.F.5 was not considered to have been a success, with only F.26 achieving more than 50 hours of flying time during its career.
Specifications
References
Bibliography
1920s Norwegian military reconnaissance aircraft
1920s Norwegian military trainer aircraft
MF05
Floatplanes
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918 |
Elise Vogel Polko (31 January 1823 in Schloss Wackerbarth – 15 May 1899 in Munich) was a German novelist.
Biography
She was a sister of Eduard Vogel, the African explorer, and attained considerable fame as a public singer, but retired from the stage after her marriage to Polko, a scientist, and thenceforth devoted herself to literature, in which field she won much notice.
Works
Her Musikalische Märchen (Musical tales; 1852) was translated into English, as were others of her books. She published Ein Frauenleben (A woman's life; 1854), Erinnerungen an Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (Recollections of Felix Mendelssohn; 1868), Aus dem Jahre 1870, Conversations (1872), Neues Märchenbuch (1884), and other works.
Notes
References
External links
1822 births
1899 deaths
People from Radebeul
Musicians from the Kingdom of Saxony
Writers from the Kingdom of Saxony
19th-century German women singers
German women novelists
Writers from Saxony
19th-century German novelists
19th-century German women writers |
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; , SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists. The primary objective of the RSC is to promote learning and research in the arts, the humanities, and the sciences. The RSC is Canada's national academy and exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both official languages; to recognize academic and artistic excellence; and to advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians on matters of public interest.
History
In the late 1870s, the Governor General of Canada, John Campbell, Marquis of Lorne, determined that Canada required a cultural institution to promote national scientific research and development. Since that time, succeeding governors general have remained involved with the affairs of the Society. In 1882, the Royal Society of Canada was founded with the personal patronage of Lord Lorne. A year later, in 1883, the Society was incorporated by an act of the Parliament of Canada.
From its founding until the early 1900s, the structure of the RSC imitated the model of the Royal Society of London, but with the important addition of literature and other elements found in the Institut de France. Like their counterparts, membership to the RSC was limited and by election. Initially, the RSC was divided into four sections, each of 20 Fellows. These sections were: French literature, history, and archaeology; English literature, history, and archaeology; mathematical, physical and chemical sciences; and geological and biological sciences. The founding fellows of the RSC included Sandford Fleming, the originator of the world system of Standard Time, and William Osler, one of the greatest physicians of his time. The fellows of the RSC were nominated by a committee directed by the Principal of McGill University, John William Dawson, and by the former Premier of Quebec, Pierre Chauveau. These two men served as the first and second presidents of the Society.
As Canadian scholarship and research increased, the RSC also grew. Within three decades, the fellowship of the RSC doubled in number. After several phases of restructuring, the RSC evolved its contemporary organization. In 2010, Governor General David Johnston was elected as an honorary fellow of the Society.
Organization and purpose
The Royal Society of Canada currently consists of more than 2,000 fellows: men and women from all branches of learning who have made contributions in the arts, the humanities, and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life. Presently, the fellowship comprises four categories: regularly elected fellows, specially elected fellows, foreign fellows, and honorary fellows. Each year, approximately 80 people are elected to the fellowship. This cohort includes approximately 75 regularly elected fellows recommended by the divisions, as many as six specially elected fellows, as many as four foreign fellows, and a maximum of one honorary fellow. Once inducted into the Society, anglophone fellows may use the post-nominal letters FRSC (fellow of the Royal Society of Canada) and francophone fellows may use MSRC (membre de la Société royale du Canada).
The RSC is composed of three bilingual academies, including a broad range of scholarly disciplines and artistic fields. Academy I is the Academy of Arts and Humanities. There are three divisions of Academy I: an anglophone division, humanities; a francophone division, letters and humanities; and a bilingual division for the arts, embracing architecture, creative writing, and other arts. Academy II is the Academy of Social Sciences. There are two divisions of Academy II: an anglophone division, social sciences; and a francophone division, social sciences. Academy III is the Academy of Science. There are four bilingual divisions of Academy III: Applied sciences and engineering; Earth, ocean, and atmospheric sciences; life sciences; and mathematical and physical sciences.
The Society is dedicated to making its members’ varied knowledge available to the public. Members are available to assess issues of presumed value to Canadians and provide independent expert advice, notably to government on matters of public policy through its program of expert panel reports.
The College of New Scholars, Artists, and Scientists
The College of New Scholars, Artists, and Scientists of the RSC was established in 2014 to represent emerging generation of intellectual leaders in Canada. It elects 80–100 members each year, who showed high level of accomplishments at the early stage of their careers. At the time of election, members of the College must have received a PhD or equivalent degree within the past 15 years. Nomination of candidates for the College follows a similar procedures as nomination for the fellows of RSC.
Institutional members
The RSC officially began the Institutional Member (IM) Program in 2004. The goal was to provide a mechanism by which the Society could develop its programs in conjunction with Canadian universities and by which universities could have formal and direct input into the strategic organization and governance of the Society. This closer relationship facilitates the nomination of new fellows from all Canadian universities and provides a means for the Society to sponsor scholarly activities at institutions of all sizes across Canada. Presently, 46 universities and the National Research Council of Canada are institutional members of the Society.
Medals and awards
The RSC recognizes notable achievements in research and innovation by awarding medals and prizes. Twenty Society awards are offered on an annual or biennial basis and consist of either medals or certificates, some of them with cash prizes. These awards are as follows:
Ursula Franklin Award in Gender Studies: Awarded to a Canadian scholar for "significant contributions [...] in the humanities and social sciences to furthering our understanding of issues concerning gender." It is awarded biannually, given there is a suitable candidate.
Bancroft Award for publication, instruction, and research in the earth sciences that have conspicuously contributed to public understanding and appreciation of the subject.
Centenary Medal to honour individuals and organizations that have made outstanding contributions to the object of the RSC and to recognize links to international organizations.
Henry Marshall Tory Medal for outstanding research in a branch of astronomy, chemistry, mathematics, physics, or an allied science.
Innis-Gérin Medal for a distinguished and sustained contribution to the literature of the social sciences including human geography and social psychology.
J.B. Tyrrell Historical Medal for outstanding work in the history of Canada.
John L. Synge Award for outstanding research in any mathematical topic.
Lorne Pierce Medal for an achievement of special significance and conspicuous merit in imaginative or critical literature, written in either English or French. Critical literature dealing with Canadian subjects is given priority over critical literature of equal merit that does not deal with Canadian subjects.
Miroslaw Romanowski Medal for significant contributions to the resolution of scientific aspects of environmental problems or for important improvements to the quality of an ecosystem in all aspects—terrestrial, atmospheric, and aqueous—brought about by scientific means.
Pierre Chauveau Medal for a distinguished contribution to knowledge in the humanities, other than Canadian literature and Canadian history.
Rutherford Memorial Medal for outstanding research in chemistry.
Rutherford Memorial Medal for outstanding research in physics.
Sir John William Dawson Medal for important and sustained contributions in two domains of interest to RSC or in interdisciplinary research.
The Alice Wilson Award for outstanding academic qualifications of a woman who is entering a career in scholarship or research at the postdoctoral level.
The Flavelle Medal is awarded for an outstanding contribution to biological science during the preceding 10 years or for significant additions to a previous outstanding contribution to biological science.
The McLaughlin Medal for important research of sustained excellence in any branch of medical sciences.
The McNeil Medal for outstanding ability to promote and communicate science to students and to the public within Canada.
Willet G. Miller Medal for outstanding research in any of the earth sciences.
The Konrad Adenauer Research Award for the promotion of academic collaboration between Canada and Germany, presented to honour the scholar's entire academic record.
The EJLB-CIHR Michael Smith Chair in Neurosciences and Mental Health, which allows a Canadian university or health research institute to attract a major scientist of neurosciences and mental health to Canada. It is offered by the EJLB Foundation, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the CIHR Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction (INMHA), and the RSC.
See also
List of presidents of the Royal Society of Canada
:Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
List of Canadian organizations with royal patronage
References
Citations
Sources
Chenier, Nancy Miller, and Claude Le Moine. The Royal Society of Canada, 1881–1981 ... to Commemorate the Centennial of the Royal Society of Canada = La Société royale du Canada, 1881–1981 ... afin de commémorer le centenaire de la Société royale du Canada. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1982. N.B.: Published on the occasion of an "exhibition presented by the National Library of Canada, June 1 to September 6, 1982...." Text, printed in the double page columns, in English and in French.
External links
The Royal Society of Canada website
The Royal Society of Canada fonds (R9351) at Library and Archives Canada
1882 establishments in Ontario
Scientific organizations based in Canada
Learned societies of Canada
Canada
Organizations based in Canada with royal patronage
Organizations established in 1882
Scientific organizations established in 1882 |
Events from the year 1565 in India.
Events
Tirumala Deva Raya becomes king of Vijayanagara Empire following Aliya Rama Raya's death (reigns until 1572)
26 January – The Battle of Talikota is fought; destruction of Vijayanagar.
Births
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah fifth Qutb Shahi sultan of Golkonda and founder of Hyderabad is born (dies 1612)
Deaths
Aliya Rama Raya progenitor of the Aravidu dynasty of Vijayanagara Empire
References
See also
Timeline of Indian history |
Janice Bernard (born 30 October 1958) is a Trinidad and Tobago sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1958 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Trinidad and Tobago female sprinters
Olympic athletes for Trinidad and Tobago
Athletes (track and field) at the 1975 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1978 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1982 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for Trinidad and Tobago
Athletes (track and field) at the 1983 Pan American Games
Pan American Games silver medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Central American and Caribbean Games silver medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Competitors at the 1978 Central American and Caribbean Games
Competitors at the 1982 Central American and Caribbean Games
Place of birth missing (living people)
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in athletics
Medalists at the 1983 Pan American Games
Olympic female sprinters |
Grapevine Airstrip (formerly E75) is a non-towered general aviation recreational airstrip located on the Tonto Basin District of the Tonto National Forest, east of Scottsdale, Arizona in Roosevelt, a town in Gila County, Arizona, United States. The airstrip sits from the shore of Lake Roosevelt, one of Arizona's largest bodies of water.
First constructed in the 1950s and paved in the 1980s, the airstrip was closed by the United States Forest Service (USFS) on June 27, 1997. Starting in 2012 with approval of the USFS, volunteers from the Recreational Aviation Foundation and Arizona Pilots Association donated hundreds of volunteer hours over five years to bring Grapevine Airstrip to an operational status. It reopened on February 10, 2017.
Grapevine was officially charted as a private airport by agreement with the USFS, to ensure that no touch-and-go landings, training, or commercial operations are conducted at the airstrip. However, it is open to the public, and the Arizona Pilots Association holds regular fly-ins to the airstrip.
Facilities
Grapevine Airstrip is at an elevation of above mean sea level. It has one asphalt concrete–paved runway:
17/35 measuring
See also
List of airports in Arizona
Recreational Aviation Foundation
References
External links
Fly-in to Grapevine Airstrip safety briefing video
Airports in Gila County, Arizona
Aviation in Arizona |
Abd al-Malik ibn Rifa'a al-Fahmi () was the governor of Egypt for the Umayyad Caliphate in 715–717 and 727.
Abd al-Malik was a member of the Arab settler community in Egypt. In 710, he succeeded his uncle at the post of head of security (sahib al-shurta) for the governor Qurra ibn Sharik al-Absi. When Qurra died in office in 715, he was promoted in his stead, the first governor chosen from the local Arabs after several decades where the post had been filled by various grandees of the Umayyad family and their court. His period of office was a continuation of Qurra's, and according to the Coptic sources was marked by increasing fiscal oppression, combined with the efforts of the government to clamp down on avoidance of taxation and corvée labour. This included such measures as restricting their ability to travel through the issue of passports, which greatly impeded trade in the province.
In 727 Abd al-Malik was again made governor of Egypt, but he died of an illness after only a few weeks in office and was succeeded by his brother al-Walid ibn Rifa'a al-Fahmi instead.
References
Sources
7th-century births
727 deaths
8th-century Umayyad governors of Egypt
Umayyad governors of Egypt
7th-century Arab people
8th-century Arab people |
The Community College of Beaver County (CCBC) is a public community college in Beaver County, Pennsylvania. The college includes approximately 3,600 credit students and over 3,200 non-credit students from in and around Beaver County.
History
CCBC was formed in 1966 and was originally located in Freedom, Pennsylvania. The college originally leased floors of the Freedom National Bank building and 17 vacant storefronts for classrooms and offices.
CCBC moved to Center Township, Beaver County where it created its own campus in 1971. In 1976, CCBC added a building called "The Golden Dome," a geodesic recreational facility that houses the athletic department and showcases local community events. This building is the most recognizable symbol of CCBC.
In 1990, the college created an aviation building to house its aviation program in Chippewa Township, Beaver County. The college built a new library in 1997 that also provides services to the Beaver County community.
External links
Official website
Beaver County
Beaver County, Community College of
Universities and colleges in Beaver County, Pennsylvania
1966 establishments in Pennsylvania
NJCAA athletics
Two-year colleges in the United States
Aviation schools in the United States |
Lara Fabian is a Belgian-Italian international singer. It is also the name of two albums by that singer:
Lara Fabian (1991 album) (in French)
Lara Fabian (2000 album) (in English) |
Elf Cup may refer to:
Fungi
Sarcoscypha coccinea, a fungus also known as the "scarlet elf cup"
Geopyxis carbonaria, a fungus also known as the "charcoal loving elf-cup"
Helvella leucomelaena, a fungus commonly known as the "white-footed elf cup"
Other
Elf Cup, a character of Toad Patrol
ELF Cup, an international football tournament organized by Northern Cyprus Football Federation (KTFF)
See also
Fairy Cup (disambiguation)
Pixie cup |
Ian Cheshire may refer to:
Ian Cheshire (engineer) (born 1936), Scottish petroleum engineer
Ian Cheshire (businessman) (born 1959), British businessman |
The High School is a 12–18 mixed, Church of Ireland, independent secondary school in Rathgar, Dublin, Ireland.
It was established in 1870 at Harcourt Street before moving to Rathgar in 1971. It amalgamated with The Diocesan School for Girls in 1974, becoming co-educational.
In 2009, it was ranked as the best-performing school in Ireland in terms of progression to third-level education.
The school offers a range of sports including rugby, cricket, tennis, badminton and athletics.
It is part of the Erasmus Smith Trust.
Notable alumni
Lenny Abrahamson, film director and screenwriter
Ernest Alton, university professor, independent Teachta Dála and Senator
Nicola Daly, hockey player
Charles D'Arcy, bishop
John Duggan, bishop
Jonathan Garth, cricketer
C. G. Grey, editor and writer
Howard Kilroy, accountant and businessman
F. S. L. Lyons, historian and academic
William Kirkpatrick Magee, author, editor, and librarian
Brian McCracken, judge
Roly Meates, former Ireland national rugby union team coach
Alison Meeke, hockey player
Greg Molins, cricketer
Jason Molins, cricketer
J. Alec Motyer, biblical scholar
Annalise Murphy, sailor
William Noblett, priest and author
David Norris, scholar, independent Senator and civil rights activist
Denis O'Brien, businessman
Shane O'Donoghue, field hockey player
Caoimhín Ó Raghallaigh, fiddler
Philip Orr BIL, rugby union player
John Robbie BIL, rugby union player
Trevor Sargent, politician and priest
Alan Shatter, politician
Roland Shortt, cricketer
John Thorpe, priest
William Thrift, university professor and independent Teachta Dála
Jack Butler Yeats, artist and Olympic medallist
William Butler Yeats, poet and dramatist
See also
Pearse Street, Dublin
References
External links
Rathgar
Secondary schools in Dublin (city)
Private schools in the Republic of Ireland
Anglican schools in the Republic of Ireland
1870 establishments in Ireland
Educational institutions established in 1870 |
```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or path_to_url
# This tests the facilities for deleting modules.
import BoostBuild
t = BoostBuild.Tester(pass_toolset=0)
t.write("file.jam", """
module foo
{
rule bar { }
var = x y ;
}
DELETE_MODULE foo ;
if [ RULENAMES foo ]
{
EXIT DELETE_MODULE failed to kill foo's rules: [ RULENAMES foo ] ;
}
module foo
{
if $(var)
{
EXIT DELETE_MODULE failed to kill foo's variables ;
}
rule bar { }
var = x y ;
DELETE_MODULE foo ;
if $(var)
{
EXIT internal DELETE_MODULE failed to kill foo's variables ;
}
if [ RULENAMES foo ]
{
EXIT internal DELETE_MODULE failed to kill foo's rules: [ RULENAMES foo ] ;
}
}
DEPENDS all : xx ;
NOTFILE xx ;
""")
t.run_build_system(["-ffile.jam"], status=0)
t.cleanup()
``` |
The 1814 United States House of Representatives elections in New York were held from April 26 to 28, 1814, to elect 27 U.S. Representatives to represent the State of New York in the United States House of Representatives of the 14th United States Congress.
Background
27 U.S. Representatives had been elected in December 1812 to a term in the 13th United States Congress beginning on March 4, 1813. Representative-elect William Dowse died in February 1813, and John M. Bowers was declared elected in a special election, and seated. Isaac Williams, Jr. contested Bowers's election, and succeeded to the seat in January 1814. Egbert Benson resigned his seat in August 1812, and William Irving was elected to fill the vacancy. The representatives' term would end on March 3, 1815. The congressional elections were held together with the State elections in late April 1814, about ten months before the term would start on March 4, 1815, and about a year and a half before Congress actually met on December 4, 1815.
Congressional districts
The districts remained the same as at the previous elections in 1812, only one new county was created: in the 12th D., Warren Co. was split from Washington Co.
The 1st District (two seats) comprising the 1st and 2nd Ward of New York County, and Kings, Queens, Suffolk and Richmond counties.
The 2nd District (two seats) comprising the other eight wards of New York County.
The 3rd District comprising Westchester and Rockland counties.
The 4th District comprising Dutchess County, except the towns of Rhinebeck and Clinton; and Putnam County.
The 5th District comprising Columbia County; and Rhinebeck and Clinton in Dutchess County.
The 6th District comprising Orange County.
The 7th District comprising Ulster and Sullivan counties.
The 8th District comprising Delaware and Greene counties.
The 9th District comprising Albany County.
The 10h District comprising Rensselaer County.
The 11th District comprising Saratoga County.
The 12th District (two seats) comprising Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Washington and Warren counties.
The 13th District comprising Schenectady and Schoharie counties.
The 14th District comprising Montgomery County.
The 15th District (two seats) comprising Chenango, Broome and Otsego counties.
The 16h District comprising Oneida County.
The 17th District comprising Herkimer and Madison counties.
The 18h District comprising St. Lawrence, Jefferson and Lewis counties.
The 19th District comprising Onondaga and Cortland counties.
The 20th District (two seats) comprising Tioga, Steuben, Cayuga and Seneca counties.
The 21st District (two seats) comprising Ontario, Genesee, Allegany, Niagara and Chautauqua counties.
Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.
Result
19 Democratic-Republicans and 8 Federalists were declared elected to the 14th Congress. The incumbents Irving, Grosvenor, Lovett, Moffitt, Taylor, Kent and Comstock were re-elected; the incumbents Winter, Shipherd and Geddes were defeated. Adams and Smith, both Federalists, had credentials issued but their Democratic-Republican opponents successfully contested the elections, so that New York was represented by 21 Democratic-Republicans and 6 Federalists in the 14th Congress.
Note: The Anti-Federalists called themselves "Republicans." However, at the same time, the Federalists called them "Democrats" which was meant to be pejorative. After some time both terms got more and more confused, and sometimes used together as "Democratic Republicans" which later historians have adopted (with a hyphen) to describe the party from the beginning, to avoid confusion with both the later established and still existing Democratic and Republican parties.
Aftermath, special elections and contested election
Benjamin Pond, elected in the 12th District, died on October 6, 1814, before the congressional term began. A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1815, and was won by Asa Adgate, of the same party.
Jonathan Fisk, elected in the 6th District, accepted in March 1815 an appointment as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and resigned his seat. A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1815, and was won by James W. Wilkin, of the same party.
The House of Representatives of the 14th United States Congress met for the first time at the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C., on December 4, 1815, and Betts, Birdsall, Brooks, Comstock, Crocheron, Gold, Hammond, Lovett, Moffitt, Savage, Schenck, Taylor, Throop, Townsend, Ward and Wilkin took their seats on this day. Adgate took his seat on December 7; Porter on December 11; Cady on December 12; Kent on December 13; Grosvenor and Yates on December 18; Birdseye on December 20; Wendover on December 21; and Irving on January 22, 1816.
Westel Willoughby, Jr. contested the election of William S. Smith in the 17th District. The Committee on Elections found that the election inspectors in the towns of German Flatts and Litchfield had returned 299 votes for "Westel Willoughby" although all these votes had in fact been given for "Westel Willoughby, Jr." The Secretary of State of New York, receiving the abovementioned result, issued credentials for Smith. On February 23, 1815, Willoughby, Jr., gave notice to Smith, informing that he would claim the seat, and appointed a time and place to take testimony. Smith did not appear in Congress to claim the seat, and on December 13, 1815, the House declared Willoughby, Jr., entitled to the seat instead of Smith, and Willoughby, Jr., took his seat.
Erastus Root contested the election of John Adams in the 8th District. The Committee on Elections found that a deputy county clerk of Greene Co. had mistakenly written Root's name as "Rott" when transcribing the returns from the towns of Catskill, New Baltimore, Coxsackie, Durham and Greenville. The Secretary of State of New York, receiving the abovementioned result, issued credentials for Adams, but Adams did not appear to claim the seat. A total of 576 votes had been given for Root in these towns and, added to the correctly transcribed returns, gave him a majority of 246 in the district. On December 26, 1815, the House declared Root entitled to the seat instead of Adams, and Root took his seat.
Peter B. Porter had been appointed a Commissioner under the Treaty of Ghent. Article I, Section 6, of the United States Constitution says that "...no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office." Porter was determined to keep his seat, but after some debate, resigned on January 23, 1816. A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1816, and was won by Archibald S. Clarke, of the same party. Clarke took his seat on December 2, 1816.
After being defeated for re-election, Enos T. Throop resigned his seat on June 4, 1816. A special election to fill the vacancy was held in September 1816, and was won by Daniel Avery, of the same party. Avery took his seat on December 3, 1816.
Notes
Sources
The New York Civil List compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 66 for district apportionment; pg. 70 for Congressmen)
Members of the Fourteenth United States Congress
Election result 1st D. at project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted by Tufts University Digital Library
Election result 2nd D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 3rd D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 4th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 5th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 6th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 7th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 8th D. at "A New Nation Votes" [gives total vote of 2,214 for Root; the newspaper editor was not aware of the deputy county clerk's mistake]
Election result 9th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 10th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 11th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 12th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 13th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 14th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 15th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 16th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 17th D. at "A New Nation Votes" [gives total vote of 2,783 for Willoughby, Jr.; the newspaper editor was not aware of the election inspectors' mistake]
Election result 18th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 19th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 20th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
Election result 21st D. at "A New Nation Votes"
1815 Special election result 6th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
1815 Special election result 12th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
1816 Special election result 20th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
1814
New York
United States House of Representatives |
Airborne Assault: Highway to the Reich is a video game released in 2003.
Release
Airborne Assault: Highway to the Reich was released by Panther Games and Matrix Games on 1 December 2003.
Reception
Its unit-level artificial intelligence was praised as allowing "competent execution by groups of forces in pursuit of terrain-based objectives".
The editors of Computer Gaming World nominated Highway to the Reichs computer version for their 2003 "Wargame of the Year" award, which ultimately went to Decisive Battles of WWII: Korsun Pocket. They wrote, "Highway to the Reich shows that war gaming is moving in exciting new directions".
Reviews
Computer Gaming World - Feb, 2004
References
2003 video games
Computer wargames
Matrix Games games
Video games about Nazi Germany
Video games developed in Australia
Windows games
Windows-only games
World War II video games |
Galaxyland Powered by Hasbro
(formerly Galaxyland, Fantasyland), is an indoor amusement park located in the West Edmonton Mall in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It was home to the world's tallest (14 stories) and longest indoor roller coaster, the Mindbender. It is also home to the Space Shot, the world's tallest indoor tower ride at the time of opening, at . The record was broken by Nickelodeon Skyline Scream at American Dream in East Rutherford, New Jersey in 2019.
History
Galaxyland was originally known as Fantasyland from 1983 to 1995. However, the name "Fantasyland" was already used for one of the lands of the themes existing in Disneyland and other theme parks, like the Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World, Hong Kong Disneyland, Disneyland Park in Paris, Tokyo Disneyland, and Shanghai Disneyland Park, owned by the Walt Disney Company. A lawsuit eventually forced the mall's owners to change the park's name, though they were allowed to continue using the name "Fantasyland Hotel" for a hotel in the mall. Fantasyland became Galaxyland officially on July 1, 1995. This was celebrated with a new Space Age theme and the arrival of the park's new mascot, "Cosmo".
On December 18, 2019, it was announced that Galaxyland would undergo a renovation to be completed by late 2020, featuring new attractions licensed from Hasbro franchises. Balloon Race, Cosmic Bounce, Ropes Quest, and Zero Gravity are currently the only rides confirmed to be affected by the redesign. The redesign construction began in December 2019, with its grand opening as "Galaxyland powered by Hasbro" and was scheduled for the winter of 2020
Galaxyland remained closed for most of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
1986 Mindbender accident
On June 14, 1986, a wheel sheared off the last car on the train of the Mindbender and the train crashed at high speed into a concrete pillar, killing three of the ride's occupants. Since then the ride has had several safety improvements, including more routine maintenance checks and three emergency brake sections added to the track.
Rides
There are a total of 23 different rides operating in Galaxyland.
List of rides
Decommissioned rides
See also
World Waterpark
References
External links
Official Galaxyland website
1983 establishments in Alberta
1985 establishments in Alberta
1986 establishments in Alberta
Amusement parks in Canada
Indoor amusement parks
Tourist attractions in Edmonton
Outer space in amusement parks
Amusement parks opened in 1983
Amusement parks opened in 1985
Amusement parks opened in 1986
Space Age |
Tatiana Gabriele Maslany ( ; born September 22, 1985) is a Canadian actress. She rose to prominence for playing multiple characters in the science-fiction thriller television series Orphan Black (2013–2017), which won her a Primetime Emmy Award (2016), two Critics' Choice Awards (2013 and 2014), and five Canadian Screen Awards (2014–18). Maslany is the first Canadian to win an Emmy in a major dramatic category for acting in a Canadian series.
Maslany also appeared in television series such as Heartland (2008–2010), The Nativity (2010), Being Erica (2009–2011), Perry Mason (2020), and She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (2022) in the lead role of Jennifer Walters / She-Hulk. Her other notable films include Diary of the Dead (2007), Eastern Promises (2007), The Vow (2012), Picture Day (2012), Cas and Dylan (2013), Woman in Gold (2015), Stronger (2017), and Destroyer (2018). For starring in the romantic drama The Other Half (2016), she won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress.
Early life
Maslany was born in Regina, Saskatchewan, the daughter of Daniel Maslany, a woodworker, and Renate (née Kratz), a French–English translator and interpreter. She has two younger brothers, fellow actor Daniel Maslany and animator Michael Maslany. She has Austrian, German, Polish, Romanian, and Ukrainian ancestry. For elementary school, Maslany was in French immersion and was taught in German by her mother before learning English. Additionally, her grandparents spoke German around her as a child. She also speaks some Spanish. She has danced since age four and started community theatre and musicals at the age of nine.
Maslany attended Dr. Martin LeBoldus High School, where she participated in school productions and improvisation, and graduated in 2003. While attending high school, she found paying acting jobs that allowed her to travel all over Canada with her parents' approval. She would work for a few months at a time and then return to school in Regina. She stated, "It wasn't an easy transition. I felt a little outside of it. Outside of both experiences, really."
After completing high school, she took a gap year before entering the University of Regina, studying German, Ancient Greek, philosophy, psychology, and film. She dropped out after half a semester. She spent some time doing theatre performances and travelling before settling in Toronto, Ontario, at the age of 20.
Career
Maslany was one of the stars of the 2002 Canadian television series 2030 CE. She appeared as the character Ghost in the 2004 film Ginger Snaps 2: Unleashed. She performed comedic improvisation for 10 years; participated in improvisational theatre, including the Canadian Improv Games; and has since become a member of the General Fools Improvisational Theatre. She is a certified improvisation trainer.
In 2007, Maslany appeared in The Messengers and had a recurring role for three seasons on the CBC series Heartland. During 2008, she had a recurring role on Instant Star, provided the voice of Tatiana in Eastern Promises, and had a lead role in the Hallmark Channel film An Old Fashioned Thanksgiving. In September 2008, she portrayed a kidnapping victim in the Canadian series Flashpoint.
Maslany appeared in the second season of the Canadian television series Being Erica in 2010. Also in 2010, she appeared as the protagonist Mary, the mother of Jesus, in the British four-part television series The Nativity. Her role in Grown Up Movie Star earned Maslany a special jury breakout role award at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival. Also in 2010, she appeared in one episode of The Listener and the direct-to-video film Hardwired. In late 2011, she co-starred in the film adaptation of John Sandford's Certain Prey. In 2012, Maslany appeared as lead character Claire in Picture Day, for which she won a Phillip Borsos Award for Best Performance at the 2012 Whistler Film Festival. Also in 2012, she played the character of Sister Meir in the historical fiction mini-series World Without End.
From 2013 to 2017, Maslany starred in the BBC America and Space original series Orphan Black. She played the lead character, Sarah Manning, and Sarah's cohort of clones. Maslany won two Critics' Choice Television Awards and one TCA Award for her performance in the series. She was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and in 2015, she received a nomination for an Emmy Award for her performance. She was again nominated in 2016 and won the category. Maslany received a nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Drama Series at the 7th Critics' Choice Television Awards, her third total nomination from the Broadcast Television Journalists Association. The Guardian praised Maslany's performance in the series, calling it "Olympic-level acting" and praising her ability to play a series of clones who interact seamlessly with each other. In 2013, Maslany guest starred in a two-episode arc of Parks and Recreation. She portrayed the lead in the independent film Cas and Dylan, for which she won a Phillip Borsos Award for Best Performance at the 2013 Whistler Film Festival.
The 2013 Juno Award ceremonies were held in Regina, Maslany's home town, and Maslany was one of the presenters. Maslany guest starred on the season 39 finale of Saturday Night Live and played the character Bridget in the episode's second digital short entitled "Hugs". Maslany co-starred in the 2015 film Woman in Gold as a younger version of Maria Altmann, Helen Mirren's character. She mostly spoke German in the film.
Maslany starred in the independent film The Other Half with her then-partner Tom Cullen. It premiered at South by Southwest on March 12, 2016. Maslany played the lead role in the 2016 drama film Two Lovers and a Bear. The film follows the two characters as they come together in Apex, Iqaluit, to find peace in their lives. In the 2017 film Stronger, Maslany starred as Erin Hurley, the love interest of Jeff Bauman, a victim of the Boston Marathon bombing.
Maslany was cast as a series regular in the 2018 drama series Pose but was replaced by Charlayne Woodard. She starred in the crime thriller film Destroyer, which premiered at the Telluride Film Festival in August 2018. She next starred in the Broadway production of Network in 2019. Maslany starred as Sister Alice in the HBO period drama miniseries Perry Mason, which premiered in June 2020. In September 2020, Maslany was cast in the lead role of Jennifer Walters / She-Hulk for the Disney+ TV series She-Hulk: Attorney at Law, set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. She was set to star in AMC's six-episode series Invitation to a Bonfire, a psychological thriller set in the 1930s at an all-girls boarding school based on a 2018 novel by Adrienne Celt, but production on the series was cancelled by the network for content tax write-downs in January 2023, with apparently four episodes shot.
Personal life
In 2022, Maslany married actor Brendan Hines.
Acting credits
Film
Television
Theatre
Music videos
Video games
Audio books
Podcasts
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1985 births
20th-century Canadian actresses
21st-century Canadian actresses
Actresses from Regina, Saskatchewan
Best Actress Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners
Best Actress in a Drama Series Canadian Screen Award winners
Sundance Film Festival award winners
Canadian child actresses
Canadian expatriate actresses in the United States
Canadian film actresses
Canadian television actresses
Canadian voice actresses
Canadian people of Ukrainian descent
Canadian people of Polish descent
Canadian people of German descent
Canadian people of Romanian descent
Living people
Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actress in a Drama Series Primetime Emmy Award winners |
Gwyn Williams may refer to:
Gwyn Williams (football manager), Leeds United's technical director and former manager
Gwyn Williams (rugby), Welsh rugby union and rugby league footballer of the 1930s
See also
David Gwyn Williams (1904–1990), Welsh poet, novelist, translator and academic
Gwyn Alf Williams (1925–1995), Welsh historian |
The siege of Rennes was an episode in the War of the Breton Succession during 1356-1357.
It was the third siege of the town during that war: between April and mid-May 1341, Rennes was besieged by Jean of Montfort, who finally managed to capture it. The city was repaired the following year by Blesist troops after several days of siege. Between the two events, Rennes had kept itself apart from the conflicts, until after the battle of Poitiers, when Henry of Grosmont, duke of Lancaster, came to besiege Rennes in October 1356, hoping thus to precipitate the end of the War of Succession.
Unfolding
Rather than attempt to take the city by force, and despite its great numerical superiority, Lancaster preferred to establish a blockade to starve the inhabitants. At the time, the ramparts had not yet been extended to the suburbs that had developed outside the Gallo-Roman walls. It was the latter (renovated in the preceding century) that were besieged, the suburbs themselves ending up largely ruined.
After the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, in which Jean II the Good was taken prisoner, Guy XII de Laval hurled himself into Rennes with Viscount de Rohan and other lords, to defend the town which was besieged by Henry of Grosmont. This operation was doubtless carried out by Couanier de Launay at the request of his uncle Pierre de Laval, Archbishop of Rennes.
The defence of Rennes was undertaken by Guillaume de Penhoët, nicknamed the Twisted Lame One, who lived in the castle, helped by Bertrand de Saint-Pern, the commander of the town and godfather of Bertrand de Guesclin.
Because of the method used by the assailants, the siege dragged on, without glamorous military action. If it has remained famous, it is mostly thanks to the ruses deployed by the defenders.
The "miracle" of the St. Savior Church
In February 1357, some residents of Rennes heard underground sounds which made them understand that Lancaster had ordered the digging of a tunnel under the ramparts, hoping to make troops quietly emerge into the heart of the city. Informed, Penhoët ordered the residents of houses near the city walls to hang in their homes copper basins containing metal balls so as to determine the exact location of the gallery thanks to the vibrations caused by the mining work. Once the location had been established, a counter-mine was dug, and a troop of soldiers commanded by Saint-Pern massacred the sappers before setting on fire the beams that supported the gallery.
Alain Bouchart, in his Great Chronicles of Brittany, places the site of the counter-mine inside the church of Saint-Sauveur just under the crucifix. A later legend asserts that the statue of the Virgin and Child, situated in a chapel of the church, miraculously came to life and showed with its finger where they need to dig. A cult of this statue then developed, called Notre-Dame of the Miracles and Virtues.
The herd of pigs
An even more famous episode in this siege involved a herd of pigs (2000 to 4000 according to Michel de Mauny) which Lancaster, knowing the state of famine within the walls, made to feed in front of the Mordelais gates in order to lure the people of Rennes out of the town The captain of Penhoët again distinguished himself by having a sow suspended to a postern of the gate; its calls attracted the pigs, which ran into the town before the English could react. The townspeople, bursting with laughter from the ramparts, took advantage of the occasion to mock their besiegers, who were flabbergasted by the trick: 'You owe us wages, because we are now your pig-keepers'!
Du Guesclin enters the town
A little later, another reprovisioning was brought by Bertrand Du Guesclin, who entered the town with carts full of rations, distracting the attention of the English duke by this trick, making him think that this was the arrival of a troop of German mercenaries. His arrival galvanised the besieged people, and the following weeks saw a series of assaults and duels, Du Guesclin again distinguishing himself in one of these, against the English Bramborc.
Outcome
If according to Michel de Mauny the siege was raised in February or March 1357 by relief forces led by one Thibaud de Rochefort, the other sources agree that the city was held to ransom by Lancaster. However, they differ on the conclusion which should be drawn from this.
The history of Brittany by Henri Poisson and Jean-Pierre le Mat states that the siege was lifted following a treaty between France and England, but indicates neither the date, nor the amount taken by the Duke from the residents. Jean-Pierre Leguay for his part specifies both: on 5 July 1357, the siege was raised at the cost of a ransom of 100,000 ecus, of which 20,000 were paid immediately in cash. He also indicates that this was a compromise between Lancaster and the residents of Rennes. The History of Rennes published in 2006, on the other hand, sees this as straight capitulation, the city's honorable defense being the only thing that spared it from all-out plunder.
See also
List of Hundred Years' War battles
Notes
References
Sources
Sieges involving France
Conflicts in 1356
Conflicts in 1357
Rennes
Sieges involving England
War of the Breton Succession
Military history of Brittany
History of Ille-et-Vilaine |
Gentio do Ouro is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.
See also
List of municipalities in Bahia
References
Municipalities in Bahia |
Castor is a village and civil parish in the City of Peterborough unitary authority, about west of the city centre. The parish is part of the former Soke of Peterborough, which was considered part of Northamptonshire until 1888 and then Huntingdon and Peterborough from 1965 to 1974, when it became part of Cambridgeshire.
Toponym
Castor's name is derived from the Old English "ceaster", possibly referring to the Roman fort across the River Nene at Durobrivae, or more probably referring to the massive Praetorium on the hilltop at Castor.
History
Roman
In the Roman period, there was a huge palatial structure at Castor. This was extensively excavated in the 1820s by Edmund Artis, the agent for the Fitzwilliam estate, who published a volume of illustrations about his work, which he suggested was a Praetorium. Recent small-scale work has confirmed that it extended over a considerable area: Roman buildings covered an area of 290 by 130 m (3.77 ha) and had at least 11 rooms with tessellated floors and mosaics, at least two bathhouses and several hypocausts. The masonry which survives points to a monumental architecture indicating two major phases of building.
A recent survey by Stephen Upex suggested that the earlier smaller building dates to the 2nd century, but that the major palatial building dates to 240 – 260 AD. The structure is linked to a similar structure at Stonea 35 km to the south. It is suggested that in the Roman period, the Fens were a vast imperial estate and that at first Stonea was the seat of the procurator where the taxes were collected, and that after 250 this function was transferred to Castor.
The Praetorium may be connected with the town of Durobrivae (modern Water Newton) on the other side of the river Nene. The whole area was the centre of the Nene valley pottery industry which was one of the three major pottery producing areas in late Roman Britain, producing pottery on an industrial scale.
The Praetorium appears to have been abandoned in the fifth century and there is a hiatus till the late 7th and 8th centuries, when finds from the area suggest considerable high-status activity. It is suggested that during the 7th century the former Roman site became the focus of the nunnery of St Kyneburgha, founded before 664.
Early medieval
Kyneburgha (d. c. 680) and Kyneswide were sisters, the daughters of King Penda of Mercia, the sisters of Peada of Mercia; their mother was Kynewise. Kyneburgha married Alhfrith of Deira, co-regent of Northumbria (who attended the Synod of Whitby in 664), but later founded an abbey for both monks and nuns in Castor. She became the first abbess. She was buried in her church, but her remains were translated, before 972, to Peterborough Abbey, now Peterborough Cathedral. She had been one of the signatories, together with her brother Wulfhere, of the founding charter of Peterborough Abbey, dated 664. The Danes laid waste to the area in around AD 870.
The Church of England parish church of St Kyneburgha is notable for its Romanesque architecture and includes notable medieval wall paintings. It is a Grade I listed building. It is the only church of that dedication in England. The Romanesque tower is 71 feet (22 metres) high, topped by a later spire of 44 feet high (13 metres), giving a total height of 115 feet (35 metres).
Late medieval
The Robin Hood and Little John Standing Stones were erected here between the 12th and 14th centuries in an agreement with the abbot of Peterborough Abbey that tolls would not be levied on the passage of stone from the abbey's quarries at Barnack.
Modern
The common lands of Castor and the neighbouring parish of Ailsworth were not enclosed until 1898.
The route of the London and North Western Railway branch line between and passes through the parish. It was opened in 1845, including Castor railway station built to serve the village. British Railways closed the station in 1957 and the line in 1966, and Castor station has been demolished. The Nene Valley Railway reopened the section of line through Castor in 1977, but has not reopened a station at Castor.
The £9 million dual-carriageway Ailsworth and Castor Bypass, which is part of the A47 road, was opened in September 1991.
An episode of Time Team was filmed here and broadcast in 2011, revealing and confirming the huge size and height of the Roman praetorium.
See also
Castor Hanglands NNR
Castor railway station
References
External links
Church architecture
Medieval wall paintings (of St Catherine on her wheel)
Castor Parish Church of St Kyneburgha
The archives of the parish churches of Castor, Ailsworth, Milton, Upton and Sutton in Cambridgeshire
Villages in Cambridgeshire
Civil parishes in Cambridgeshire
Geography of Peterborough |
Last Slaughter () is a 2006 Russian drama film directed by Sergey Bobrov.
Plot
In the center of the plot are three miners of different generations who do not have enough money to feed their families, as a result of which they undermine themselves in the mine.
Cast
Sergey Garmash as Sergei Nikolayevich
Nina Usatova as Galya
Pyotr Zaychenko as Anatoli Ivanovich, 'Grandpa'
Tatyana Shkrabak as 'Grandpa's wife
Artur Smolyaninov as Andryukha
Yuliya Snigir as Anzhela (as Yuliya Snigir)
Aleksey Gorbunov as Yefim Ilyich
Olga Khokhlova as Anzhela's mother
Tatyana Lyutaeva
Natalya Naumova
Oksana Polovina
References
External links
2006 films
2000s Russian-language films
Russian drama films
Films about mining
2006 drama films |
```groff
ERLANG PUBLIC LICENSE Version 1.1
1. Definitions.
1.1. ``Contributor'' means each entity that creates or contributes to the creation of Modifications.
1.2. ``Contributor Version'' means the combination of the Original Code, prior Modifications used by a Contributor, and the Modifications made by that particular Contributor.
1.3. ``Covered Code'' means the Original Code or Modifications or the combination of the Original Code and Modifications, in each case including portions thereof.
1.4. ``Electronic Distribution Mechanism'' means a mechanism generally accepted in the software development community for the electronic transfer of data.
1.5. ``Executable'' means Covered Code in any form other than Source Code.
1.6. ``Initial Developer'' means the individual or entity identified as the Initial Developer in the Source Code notice required by Exhibit A.
1.9. ``Modifications'' means any addition to or deletion from the substance or structure of either the Original Code or any previous Modifications. When Covered Code is released as a series of files, a Modification is:
A. Any addition to or deletion from the contents of a file containing Original Code or previous Modifications.
B. Any new file that contains any part of the Original Code or previous Modifications.
1.11. ``Source Code'' means the preferred form of the Covered Code for making modifications to it, including all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, scripts used to control compilation and installation of an Executable, or a list of source code differential comparisons against either the Original Code or another well known, available Covered Code of the Contributor's choice. The Source Code can be in a compressed or archival form, provided the appropriate decompression or de-archiving software is widely available for no charge.
2.1. The Initial Developer Grant. The Initial Developer hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free, non-exclusive license, subject to third party intellectual property claims:
(a) to use, reproduce, modify, display, perform, sublicense and distribute the Original Code (or portions thereof) with or without Modifications, or as part of a Larger Work; and
(b) under patents now or hereafter owned or controlled by Initial Developer, to make, have made, use and sell (``Utilize'') the Original Code (or portions thereof), but solely to the extent that any such patent is reasonably necessary to enable You to Utilize the Original Code (or portions thereof) and not to any greater extent that may be necessary to Utilize further Modifications or combinations.
2.2. Contributor Grant. Each Contributor hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free, non-exclusive license, subject to third party intellectual property claims:
(a) to use, reproduce, modify, display, perform, sublicense and distribute the Modifications created by such Contributor (or portions thereof) either on an unmodified basis, with other Modifications, as Covered Code or as part of a Larger Work; and
(b) under patents now or hereafter owned or controlled by Contributor, to Utilize the Contributor Version (or portions thereof), but solely to the extent that any such patent is reasonably necessary to enable You to Utilize the Contributor Version (or portions thereof), and not to any greater extent that may be necessary to Utilize further Modifications or combinations.
3. Distribution Obligations.
3.3. Description of Modifications. You must cause all Covered Code to which you contribute to contain a file documenting the changes You made to create that Covered Code and the date of any change. You must include a prominent statement that the Modification is derived, directly or indirectly, from Original Code provided by the Initial Developer and including the name of the Initial Developer in (a) the Source Code, and (b) in any notice in an Executable version or related documentation in which You describe the origin or ownership of the Covered Code.
3.4. Intellectual Property Matters
(b) Contributor APIs. If Your Modification is an application programming interface and You own or control patents which are reasonably necessary to implement that API, you must also include this information in the LEGAL file.
6. CONNECTION TO MOZILLA PUBLIC LICENSE
7. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY.
COVERED CODE IS PROVIDED UNDER THIS LICENSE ON AN ``AS IS'' BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES THAT THE COVERED CODE IS FREE OF DEFECTS, MERCHANTABLE, FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGING. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE COVERED CODE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD ANY COVERED CODE PROVE DEFECTIVE IN ANY RESPECT, YOU (NOT THE INITIAL DEVELOPER OR ANY OTHER CONTRIBUTOR) ASSUME THE COST OF ANY NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. THIS DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY CONSTITUTES AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THIS LICENSE. NO USE OF ANY COVERED CODE IS AUTHORIZED HEREUNDER EXCEPT UNDER THIS DISCLAIMER.
8. TERMINATION.
9. DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
Any utilization of Covered Code shall not cause the Initial Developer or any Contributor to be liable for any damages (neither direct nor indirect).
10. MISCELLANEOUS
EXHIBIT A.
``` |
The Caxixa River is a river of Espírito Santo state in eastern Brazil.
See also
List of rivers of Espírito Santo
References
Brazilian Ministry of Transport
Rivers of Espírito Santo |
Lake Kittamaqundi is a man made reservoir located in Columbia, Maryland in the vicinity of the Mall in Columbia as well as Merriweather Post Pavilion. It is also adjacent to offices and visible from US-29.
The lake was created by The Rouse Company in 1966 during the development of Columbia. The company and its homeowners association claimed it was named after the first Indian settlement in Howard County and "Kittamaqundi" in the tribe's language translates to "meeting place." Kittamaqundi actually was a 17th-century Piscataway village south that was named after its ruler, 'Kittamaquund'. "Kittamaqundi" translates to "Great Beaver Place" or "Strong Bear".
The area surrounding the lake is a popular location for various summer festivals and 4th of July fireworks.
History
Kittamaqundi is one of three man-made lakes created with the construction of the Columbia development. The lake served a dual purpose as a recreational feature and a low cost primary catch basin for water runoff from Wilde Lake into the Little Patuxent River. In 1973 Hittman Associates was contracted by the EPA to recommend the reuse of storm water runoff from Columbia's reservoir system for residential drinking water to save on development costs.
One Kittamaqundi drowning in 1971 was ruled a suicide, with the recovery of the body inspiring the Stephen Amidon book The New City. Another drowning occurred in 1972 from an overturned canoe.
In 1977, a wooden flagpole structure built 10 years earlier displaying the American, State, and County flags was converted to a bell tower triggered every 15 minutes from Rouse headquarters. The tower was dismantled 2010 due to wood rot. The Columbia Association budgeted $75,000 in 2014 to rebuild the tower for the 50th anniversary of Columbia.
In 1990 funding was sought for a pathway around the lake though it wasn't completed until 2014. Also in 1990, migrant geese were relocated and replaced with Trumpeter swans. Groups of teens gathered at the lakefront at night causing crime and violence. Howard County policeman Herman Charity attributed the events to non-residents coming to take advantage of wealthier Columbia residents. In 1996, police patrols were increased along the lake and adjoining neighborhoods. In 1997, Canada goose droppings were costing the Columbia Association $20,000 a year in cleaning costs. A Border Collie and handler was hired for $17,000 a year to chase migrant geese from the lake.
Lake Kittamaqundi originally featured an island known as Nomanisan Island, named by Columbia resident Alan Levine in a 1980 contest held by the Columbia Association. The island's name came from the phrase "No Man Is an Island" by John Donne. The gap between the island and the east bank of the lake was filled, creating a peninsula, during the dredging of the lake in 2010.
A $70,000 statue of Jim and Willard Rouse was commissioned by his son's company Rouse & Associates and displayed in front of the Symphony Woods Office Building. The statues were put into storage for two and a half years due to vandalism, then sold to the Columbia Association in 2000 for $10,000 and positioned along the lakefront in 2001.
Environment
The Mall in Columbia and nearby offices, and buildings along Little Patuxent Parkway were developed with a minimum of stormwater management, and are directly in Kittamaqunidi's watershed. In 2008, a survey posted that per year of total suspended solids (TSS) and a year of phosphorus are collected in the lake. The recommendation was to have 6.3 million dollars in stormwater retention projects implemented to mitigate the development shortcomings for Lake Kittamaqundi alone.
In the fall of 2010, dredging began in Lake Kittamaqundi. As sediment built up over the years since the lake's creation the depth of the lake was reduced. This dredging effort focused on restoring the lake to the original depths, reinforcing the banks, and creating two new peninsulas to enhance water flow. The dredging was completed in November 2011.
In April 2014 a leaking diesel fuel holding tank at the Vantage House senior living facility filled the stormwater drains and deposited hundreds of gallons of diesel into Lake Kittamaqundi which had to be cleaned by Howard County Fire and Rescue.
Fish species
A variety of fish species live in this lake including:
Bluegill
Pumpkinseed
Redear sunfish
Green sunfish
Black crappie
White crappie
Common carp
Largemouth bass
See also
Kittamaqundi Community Church - initiated by Rouse based on Gordon Crosby's Church of the Savior in the historic Oakland Manor stable.
Lake Elkhorn
Wilde Lake
References
Parks in Howard County, Maryland
Kittamaqundi
Columbia, Maryland
Kittamaqundi
Tourist attractions in Howard County, Maryland |
Jacob Walcher (May 7, 1887 – March 27, 1970) was a German communist politician and trade unionist.
Biography
Walcher was born in 1887 in the rural Swabia to a family of poor religious Protestant farmers and learned the profession of metal working.
He became a member of the German Metal Workers' Union and of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
After World War I, he joined the newly founded Communist Party of Germany.
Walcher split from this party and become a leading member of the illegal Socialist Workers' Party of Germany after 1933.
In the German Democratic Republic he was a member of the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and was the victim of a purge in 1952.
References
1887 births
1970 deaths
People from Biberach (district)
People from the Kingdom of Württemberg
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
Communist Party of Germany politicians
Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) politicians
Socialist Workers' Party of Germany politicians
Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit in gold
German newspaper editors |
Arthur Norman may refer to:
Arthur Norman (industrialist) (1917–2011), British industrialist
Arthur Charles Alfred Norman (1858–1944), British architect
Arthur Norman (computer scientist), British computer scientist
Arthur St. Norman (1878–1956), South African long-distance runner |
```forth
*> \brief <b> CGGES computes the eigenvalues, the Schur form, and, optionally, the matrix of Schur vectors for GE matrices</b>
*
* =========== DOCUMENTATION ===========
*
* Online html documentation available at
* path_to_url
*
*> \htmlonly
*> Download CGGES + dependencies
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [TGZ]</a>
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [ZIP]</a>
*> <a href="path_to_url">
*> [TXT]</a>
*> \endhtmlonly
*
* Definition:
* ===========
*
* SUBROUTINE CGGES( JOBVSL, JOBVSR, SORT, SELCTG, N, A, LDA, B, LDB,
* SDIM, ALPHA, BETA, VSL, LDVSL, VSR, LDVSR, WORK,
* LWORK, RWORK, BWORK, INFO )
*
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
* CHARACTER JOBVSL, JOBVSR, SORT
* INTEGER INFO, LDA, LDB, LDVSL, LDVSR, LWORK, N, SDIM
* ..
* .. Array Arguments ..
* LOGICAL BWORK( * )
* REAL RWORK( * )
* COMPLEX A( LDA, * ), ALPHA( * ), B( LDB, * ),
* $ BETA( * ), VSL( LDVSL, * ), VSR( LDVSR, * ),
* $ WORK( * )
* ..
* .. Function Arguments ..
* LOGICAL SELCTG
* EXTERNAL SELCTG
* ..
*
*
*> \par Purpose:
* =============
*>
*> \verbatim
*>
*> CGGES computes for a pair of N-by-N complex nonsymmetric matrices
*> (A,B), the generalized eigenvalues, the generalized complex Schur
*> form (S, T), and optionally left and/or right Schur vectors (VSL
*> and VSR). This gives the generalized Schur factorization
*>
*> (A,B) = ( (VSL)*S*(VSR)**H, (VSL)*T*(VSR)**H )
*>
*> where (VSR)**H is the conjugate-transpose of VSR.
*>
*> Optionally, it also orders the eigenvalues so that a selected cluster
*> of eigenvalues appears in the leading diagonal blocks of the upper
*> triangular matrix S and the upper triangular matrix T. The leading
*> columns of VSL and VSR then form an unitary basis for the
*> corresponding left and right eigenspaces (deflating subspaces).
*>
*> (If only the generalized eigenvalues are needed, use the driver
*> CGGEV instead, which is faster.)
*>
*> A generalized eigenvalue for a pair of matrices (A,B) is a scalar w
*> or a ratio alpha/beta = w, such that A - w*B is singular. It is
*> usually represented as the pair (alpha,beta), as there is a
*> reasonable interpretation for beta=0, and even for both being zero.
*>
*> A pair of matrices (S,T) is in generalized complex Schur form if S
*> and T are upper triangular and, in addition, the diagonal elements
*> of T are non-negative real numbers.
*> \endverbatim
*
* Arguments:
* ==========
*
*> \param[in] JOBVSL
*> \verbatim
*> JOBVSL is CHARACTER*1
*> = 'N': do not compute the left Schur vectors;
*> = 'V': compute the left Schur vectors.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] JOBVSR
*> \verbatim
*> JOBVSR is CHARACTER*1
*> = 'N': do not compute the right Schur vectors;
*> = 'V': compute the right Schur vectors.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] SORT
*> \verbatim
*> SORT is CHARACTER*1
*> Specifies whether or not to order the eigenvalues on the
*> diagonal of the generalized Schur form.
*> = 'N': Eigenvalues are not ordered;
*> = 'S': Eigenvalues are ordered (see SELCTG).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] SELCTG
*> \verbatim
*> SELCTG is a LOGICAL FUNCTION of two COMPLEX arguments
*> SELCTG must be declared EXTERNAL in the calling subroutine.
*> If SORT = 'N', SELCTG is not referenced.
*> If SORT = 'S', SELCTG is used to select eigenvalues to sort
*> to the top left of the Schur form.
*> An eigenvalue ALPHA(j)/BETA(j) is selected if
*> SELCTG(ALPHA(j),BETA(j)) is true.
*>
*> Note that a selected complex eigenvalue may no longer satisfy
*> SELCTG(ALPHA(j),BETA(j)) = .TRUE. after ordering, since
*> ordering may change the value of complex eigenvalues
*> (especially if the eigenvalue is ill-conditioned), in this
*> case INFO is set to N+2 (See INFO below).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] N
*> \verbatim
*> N is INTEGER
*> The order of the matrices A, B, VSL, and VSR. N >= 0.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in,out] A
*> \verbatim
*> A is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDA, N)
*> On entry, the first of the pair of matrices.
*> On exit, A has been overwritten by its generalized Schur
*> form S.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDA
*> \verbatim
*> LDA is INTEGER
*> The leading dimension of A. LDA >= max(1,N).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in,out] B
*> \verbatim
*> B is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB, N)
*> On entry, the second of the pair of matrices.
*> On exit, B has been overwritten by its generalized Schur
*> form T.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDB
*> \verbatim
*> LDB is INTEGER
*> The leading dimension of B. LDB >= max(1,N).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] SDIM
*> \verbatim
*> SDIM is INTEGER
*> If SORT = 'N', SDIM = 0.
*> If SORT = 'S', SDIM = number of eigenvalues (after sorting)
*> for which SELCTG is true.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] ALPHA
*> \verbatim
*> ALPHA is COMPLEX array, dimension (N)
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] BETA
*> \verbatim
*> BETA is COMPLEX array, dimension (N)
*> On exit, ALPHA(j)/BETA(j), j=1,...,N, will be the
*> generalized eigenvalues. ALPHA(j), j=1,...,N and BETA(j),
*> j=1,...,N are the diagonals of the complex Schur form (A,B)
*> output by CGGES. The BETA(j) will be non-negative real.
*>
*> Note: the quotients ALPHA(j)/BETA(j) may easily over- or
*> underflow, and BETA(j) may even be zero. Thus, the user
*> should avoid naively computing the ratio alpha/beta.
*> However, ALPHA will be always less than and usually
*> comparable with norm(A) in magnitude, and BETA always less
*> than and usually comparable with norm(B).
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] VSL
*> \verbatim
*> VSL is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVSL,N)
*> If JOBVSL = 'V', VSL will contain the left Schur vectors.
*> Not referenced if JOBVSL = 'N'.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDVSL
*> \verbatim
*> LDVSL is INTEGER
*> The leading dimension of the matrix VSL. LDVSL >= 1, and
*> if JOBVSL = 'V', LDVSL >= N.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] VSR
*> \verbatim
*> VSR is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVSR,N)
*> If JOBVSR = 'V', VSR will contain the right Schur vectors.
*> Not referenced if JOBVSR = 'N'.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LDVSR
*> \verbatim
*> LDVSR is INTEGER
*> The leading dimension of the matrix VSR. LDVSR >= 1, and
*> if JOBVSR = 'V', LDVSR >= N.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] WORK
*> \verbatim
*> WORK is COMPLEX array, dimension (MAX(1,LWORK))
*> On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal LWORK.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[in] LWORK
*> \verbatim
*> LWORK is INTEGER
*> The dimension of the array WORK. LWORK >= max(1,2*N).
*> For good performance, LWORK must generally be larger.
*>
*> If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine
*> only calculates the optimal size of the WORK array, returns
*> this value as the first entry of the WORK array, and no error
*> message related to LWORK is issued by XERBLA.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] RWORK
*> \verbatim
*> RWORK is REAL array, dimension (8*N)
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] BWORK
*> \verbatim
*> BWORK is LOGICAL array, dimension (N)
*> Not referenced if SORT = 'N'.
*> \endverbatim
*>
*> \param[out] INFO
*> \verbatim
*> INFO is INTEGER
*> = 0: successful exit
*> < 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value.
*> =1,...,N:
*> The QZ iteration failed. (A,B) are not in Schur
*> form, but ALPHA(j) and BETA(j) should be correct for
*> j=INFO+1,...,N.
*> > N: =N+1: other than QZ iteration failed in CHGEQZ
*> =N+2: after reordering, roundoff changed values of
*> some complex eigenvalues so that leading
*> eigenvalues in the Generalized Schur form no
*> longer satisfy SELCTG=.TRUE. This could also
*> be caused due to scaling.
*> =N+3: reordering failed in CTGSEN.
*> \endverbatim
*
* Authors:
* ========
*
*> \author Univ. of Tennessee
*> \author Univ. of California Berkeley
*> \author Univ. of Colorado Denver
*> \author NAG Ltd.
*
*> \ingroup gges
*
* =====================================================================
SUBROUTINE CGGES( JOBVSL, JOBVSR, SORT, SELCTG, N, A, LDA, B,
$ LDB,
$ SDIM, ALPHA, BETA, VSL, LDVSL, VSR, LDVSR, WORK,
$ LWORK, RWORK, BWORK, INFO )
*
* -- LAPACK driver routine --
* -- LAPACK is a software package provided by Univ. of Tennessee, --
* -- Univ. of California Berkeley, Univ. of Colorado Denver and NAG Ltd..--
*
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
CHARACTER JOBVSL, JOBVSR, SORT
INTEGER INFO, LDA, LDB, LDVSL, LDVSR, LWORK, N, SDIM
* ..
* .. Array Arguments ..
LOGICAL BWORK( * )
REAL RWORK( * )
COMPLEX A( LDA, * ), ALPHA( * ), B( LDB, * ),
$ BETA( * ), VSL( LDVSL, * ), VSR( LDVSR, * ),
$ WORK( * )
* ..
* .. Function Arguments ..
LOGICAL SELCTG
EXTERNAL SELCTG
* ..
*
* =====================================================================
*
* .. Parameters ..
REAL ZERO, ONE
PARAMETER ( ZERO = 0.0E0, ONE = 1.0E0 )
COMPLEX CZERO, CONE
PARAMETER ( CZERO = ( 0.0E0, 0.0E0 ),
$ CONE = ( 1.0E0, 0.0E0 ) )
* ..
* .. Local Scalars ..
LOGICAL CURSL, ILASCL, ILBSCL, ILVSL, ILVSR, LASTSL,
$ LQUERY, WANTST
INTEGER I, ICOLS, IERR, IHI, IJOBVL, IJOBVR, ILEFT,
$ ILO, IRIGHT, IROWS, IRWRK, ITAU, IWRK, LWKMIN,
$ LWKOPT
REAL ANRM, ANRMTO, BIGNUM, BNRM, BNRMTO, EPS, PVSL,
$ PVSR, SMLNUM
* ..
* .. Local Arrays ..
INTEGER IDUM( 1 )
REAL DIF( 2 )
* ..
* .. External Subroutines ..
EXTERNAL CGEQRF, CGGBAK, CGGBAL, CGGHRD, CHGEQZ,
$ CLACPY,
$ CLASCL, CLASET, CTGSEN, CUNGQR, CUNMQR, XERBLA
* ..
* .. External Functions ..
LOGICAL LSAME
INTEGER ILAENV
REAL CLANGE, SLAMCH, SROUNDUP_LWORK
EXTERNAL LSAME, ILAENV, CLANGE, SLAMCH,
$ SROUNDUP_LWORK
* ..
* .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC MAX, SQRT
* ..
* .. Executable Statements ..
*
* Decode the input arguments
*
IF( LSAME( JOBVSL, 'N' ) ) THEN
IJOBVL = 1
ILVSL = .FALSE.
ELSE IF( LSAME( JOBVSL, 'V' ) ) THEN
IJOBVL = 2
ILVSL = .TRUE.
ELSE
IJOBVL = -1
ILVSL = .FALSE.
END IF
*
IF( LSAME( JOBVSR, 'N' ) ) THEN
IJOBVR = 1
ILVSR = .FALSE.
ELSE IF( LSAME( JOBVSR, 'V' ) ) THEN
IJOBVR = 2
ILVSR = .TRUE.
ELSE
IJOBVR = -1
ILVSR = .FALSE.
END IF
*
WANTST = LSAME( SORT, 'S' )
*
* Test the input arguments
*
INFO = 0
LQUERY = ( LWORK.EQ.-1 )
IF( IJOBVL.LE.0 ) THEN
INFO = -1
ELSE IF( IJOBVR.LE.0 ) THEN
INFO = -2
ELSE IF( ( .NOT.WANTST ) .AND.
$ ( .NOT.LSAME( SORT, 'N' ) ) ) THEN
INFO = -3
ELSE IF( N.LT.0 ) THEN
INFO = -5
ELSE IF( LDA.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
INFO = -7
ELSE IF( LDB.LT.MAX( 1, N ) ) THEN
INFO = -9
ELSE IF( LDVSL.LT.1 .OR. ( ILVSL .AND. LDVSL.LT.N ) ) THEN
INFO = -14
ELSE IF( LDVSR.LT.1 .OR. ( ILVSR .AND. LDVSR.LT.N ) ) THEN
INFO = -16
END IF
*
* Compute workspace
* (Note: Comments in the code beginning "Workspace:" describe the
* minimal amount of workspace needed at that point in the code,
* as well as the preferred amount for good performance.
* NB refers to the optimal block size for the immediately
* following subroutine, as returned by ILAENV.)
*
IF( INFO.EQ.0 ) THEN
LWKMIN = MAX( 1, 2*N )
LWKOPT = MAX( 1, N + N*ILAENV( 1, 'CGEQRF', ' ', N, 1, N,
$ 0 ) )
LWKOPT = MAX( LWKOPT, N +
$ N*ILAENV( 1, 'CUNMQR', ' ', N, 1, N, -1 ) )
IF( ILVSL ) THEN
LWKOPT = MAX( LWKOPT, N +
$ N*ILAENV( 1, 'CUNGQR', ' ', N, 1, N, -1 ) )
END IF
WORK( 1 ) = SROUNDUP_LWORK(LWKOPT)
*
IF( LWORK.LT.LWKMIN .AND. .NOT.LQUERY )
$ INFO = -18
END IF
*
IF( INFO.NE.0 ) THEN
CALL XERBLA( 'CGGES ', -INFO )
RETURN
ELSE IF( LQUERY ) THEN
RETURN
END IF
*
* Quick return if possible
*
IF( N.EQ.0 ) THEN
SDIM = 0
RETURN
END IF
*
* Get machine constants
*
EPS = SLAMCH( 'P' )
SMLNUM = SLAMCH( 'S' )
BIGNUM = ONE / SMLNUM
SMLNUM = SQRT( SMLNUM ) / EPS
BIGNUM = ONE / SMLNUM
*
* Scale A if max element outside range [SMLNUM,BIGNUM]
*
ANRM = CLANGE( 'M', N, N, A, LDA, RWORK )
ILASCL = .FALSE.
IF( ANRM.GT.ZERO .AND. ANRM.LT.SMLNUM ) THEN
ANRMTO = SMLNUM
ILASCL = .TRUE.
ELSE IF( ANRM.GT.BIGNUM ) THEN
ANRMTO = BIGNUM
ILASCL = .TRUE.
END IF
*
IF( ILASCL )
$ CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, ANRM, ANRMTO, N, N, A, LDA, IERR )
*
* Scale B if max element outside range [SMLNUM,BIGNUM]
*
BNRM = CLANGE( 'M', N, N, B, LDB, RWORK )
ILBSCL = .FALSE.
IF( BNRM.GT.ZERO .AND. BNRM.LT.SMLNUM ) THEN
BNRMTO = SMLNUM
ILBSCL = .TRUE.
ELSE IF( BNRM.GT.BIGNUM ) THEN
BNRMTO = BIGNUM
ILBSCL = .TRUE.
END IF
*
IF( ILBSCL )
$ CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, BNRM, BNRMTO, N, N, B, LDB, IERR )
*
* Permute the matrix to make it more nearly triangular
* (Real Workspace: need 6*N)
*
ILEFT = 1
IRIGHT = N + 1
IRWRK = IRIGHT + N
CALL CGGBAL( 'P', N, A, LDA, B, LDB, ILO, IHI, RWORK( ILEFT ),
$ RWORK( IRIGHT ), RWORK( IRWRK ), IERR )
*
* Reduce B to triangular form (QR decomposition of B)
* (Complex Workspace: need N, prefer N*NB)
*
IROWS = IHI + 1 - ILO
ICOLS = N + 1 - ILO
ITAU = 1
IWRK = ITAU + IROWS
CALL CGEQRF( IROWS, ICOLS, B( ILO, ILO ), LDB, WORK( ITAU ),
$ WORK( IWRK ), LWORK+1-IWRK, IERR )
*
* Apply the orthogonal transformation to matrix A
* (Complex Workspace: need N, prefer N*NB)
*
CALL CUNMQR( 'L', 'C', IROWS, ICOLS, IROWS, B( ILO, ILO ), LDB,
$ WORK( ITAU ), A( ILO, ILO ), LDA, WORK( IWRK ),
$ LWORK+1-IWRK, IERR )
*
* Initialize VSL
* (Complex Workspace: need N, prefer N*NB)
*
IF( ILVSL ) THEN
CALL CLASET( 'Full', N, N, CZERO, CONE, VSL, LDVSL )
IF( IROWS.GT.1 ) THEN
CALL CLACPY( 'L', IROWS-1, IROWS-1, B( ILO+1, ILO ), LDB,
$ VSL( ILO+1, ILO ), LDVSL )
END IF
CALL CUNGQR( IROWS, IROWS, IROWS, VSL( ILO, ILO ), LDVSL,
$ WORK( ITAU ), WORK( IWRK ), LWORK+1-IWRK, IERR )
END IF
*
* Initialize VSR
*
IF( ILVSR )
$ CALL CLASET( 'Full', N, N, CZERO, CONE, VSR, LDVSR )
*
* Reduce to generalized Hessenberg form
* (Workspace: none needed)
*
CALL CGGHRD( JOBVSL, JOBVSR, N, ILO, IHI, A, LDA, B, LDB, VSL,
$ LDVSL, VSR, LDVSR, IERR )
*
SDIM = 0
*
* Perform QZ algorithm, computing Schur vectors if desired
* (Complex Workspace: need N)
* (Real Workspace: need N)
*
IWRK = ITAU
CALL CHGEQZ( 'S', JOBVSL, JOBVSR, N, ILO, IHI, A, LDA, B, LDB,
$ ALPHA, BETA, VSL, LDVSL, VSR, LDVSR, WORK( IWRK ),
$ LWORK+1-IWRK, RWORK( IRWRK ), IERR )
IF( IERR.NE.0 ) THEN
IF( IERR.GT.0 .AND. IERR.LE.N ) THEN
INFO = IERR
ELSE IF( IERR.GT.N .AND. IERR.LE.2*N ) THEN
INFO = IERR - N
ELSE
INFO = N + 1
END IF
GO TO 30
END IF
*
* Sort eigenvalues ALPHA/BETA if desired
* (Workspace: none needed)
*
IF( WANTST ) THEN
*
* Undo scaling on eigenvalues before selecting
*
IF( ILASCL )
$ CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, ANRM, ANRMTO, N, 1, ALPHA, N,
$ IERR )
IF( ILBSCL )
$ CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, BNRM, BNRMTO, N, 1, BETA, N,
$ IERR )
*
* Select eigenvalues
*
DO 10 I = 1, N
BWORK( I ) = SELCTG( ALPHA( I ), BETA( I ) )
10 CONTINUE
*
CALL CTGSEN( 0, ILVSL, ILVSR, BWORK, N, A, LDA, B, LDB,
$ ALPHA,
$ BETA, VSL, LDVSL, VSR, LDVSR, SDIM, PVSL, PVSR,
$ DIF, WORK( IWRK ), LWORK-IWRK+1, IDUM, 1, IERR )
IF( IERR.EQ.1 )
$ INFO = N + 3
*
END IF
*
* Apply back-permutation to VSL and VSR
* (Workspace: none needed)
*
IF( ILVSL )
$ CALL CGGBAK( 'P', 'L', N, ILO, IHI, RWORK( ILEFT ),
$ RWORK( IRIGHT ), N, VSL, LDVSL, IERR )
IF( ILVSR )
$ CALL CGGBAK( 'P', 'R', N, ILO, IHI, RWORK( ILEFT ),
$ RWORK( IRIGHT ), N, VSR, LDVSR, IERR )
*
* Undo scaling
*
IF( ILASCL ) THEN
CALL CLASCL( 'U', 0, 0, ANRMTO, ANRM, N, N, A, LDA, IERR )
CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, ANRMTO, ANRM, N, 1, ALPHA, N, IERR )
END IF
*
IF( ILBSCL ) THEN
CALL CLASCL( 'U', 0, 0, BNRMTO, BNRM, N, N, B, LDB, IERR )
CALL CLASCL( 'G', 0, 0, BNRMTO, BNRM, N, 1, BETA, N, IERR )
END IF
*
IF( WANTST ) THEN
*
* Check if reordering is correct
*
LASTSL = .TRUE.
SDIM = 0
DO 20 I = 1, N
CURSL = SELCTG( ALPHA( I ), BETA( I ) )
IF( CURSL )
$ SDIM = SDIM + 1
IF( CURSL .AND. .NOT.LASTSL )
$ INFO = N + 2
LASTSL = CURSL
20 CONTINUE
*
END IF
*
30 CONTINUE
*
WORK( 1 ) = SROUNDUP_LWORK(LWKOPT)
*
RETURN
*
* End of CGGES
*
END
``` |
UMSL–North station is a St. Louis MetroLink station. This station serves the North Campus of the University of Missouri–St. Louis (UMSL) including the Touhill Performing Arts Center, the Millennium Student Center, and the Recreation and Wellness Center.
In the future, vacant land just to the north of the station could become home to a North St. Louis County recreation and athletics facility that would take advantage of a location near public transit and Interstate 70.
Station layout
The station is located on an embankment between two elevated viaducts, just east of a tunnel. It is accessed via sidewalks from UMSL's Parking Lot F.
References
External links
St. Louis Metro
MetroLink stations in St. Louis County, Missouri
Red Line (St. Louis MetroLink)
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1993
Railway stations in Missouri at university and college campuses
1993 establishments in Missouri |
Saint Monica is a 2002 Canadian film written and directed by Terrance Odette. It was nominated for Best Lead Performance by a Female actress (Genevieve Buechner) in a Feature Length Drama at the 2002 Leo Awards and won Best Achievement in Music for an Original Song ("Com Estas Asas" by Carlos Lopes) at the 2003 Genie Awards.
Plot
A young girl who is intrigued with her Roman Catholic upbringing, Monica likes to play with angel and Blessed Virgin Mary figurines the way other girls play with dolls. She sneaks out of the house to go to church.
Set in Toronto's Portuguese-Canadian community, Monica lives with her mother Icelia and lethargic uncle Albert in a basement suite. Icelia has just gotten out of an abusive relationship and has recently moved to a new neighborhood to avoid her ex.
Her uncle is in charge of watching her while her mom is at work, which is most of the time. Albert hates looking after his niece and would rather watch movies in peace. One day, Monica blackmails him into giving her a ride to her old church. She finds them in the midst of organizing their annual procession and, even though she wasn't invited, she sneaks in. When she lived in her old neighborhood she had her heart set on playing an angel in her church's parade. Unfortunately, since she moved away, she is not allowed to participate anymore.
Left without a place in the procession, the distraught girl steals a pair of archangel wings from the church's costume department as compensation—only to lose them on the streetcar home. A little searching reveals them to have landed in the hands of a homeless woman named Mary; Mary is also obsessed with collecting religious artifacts. She spends her time reciting Hail Marys and challenging her faith in a God by crossing busy lanes of traffic while clad in the wings.
Mary's importance to Monica is obvious as she is the one who has the young girl's wings. After they form a bond that goes beyond friendship, it's a certainty that she's also a mentor. With Mary in the picture, Monica is better in touch with herself but she's also getting into more trouble.
The rest of the film concerns the girl's lies to cover up her deeds, her attempts to recover the wings in time to return them, and her unique relationship with Mary.
References
External links
2002 films
English-language Canadian films
Canadian drama films
Films set in Toronto
2002 drama films
2000s Canadian films |
The Badger Army Ammunition Plant (BAAP or Badger) or Badger Ordnance Works (B.O.W.) is an excess, non-BRAC, United States Army facility located near Sauk City, Wisconsin. It manufactured nitrocellulose-based propellants during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. It was a large munitions factory during World War II. As of 2013, the facility was in the end stages of demolition and remediation in preparation for property transfer.
History
Construction
On 29 October 1941, U.S. Representative William H. Stevenson announced the construction of a powder and acid works to be built by Hercules Powder Company. On 19 November 1941, despite protests from those living on Sauk Prairie, President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized $65,000,000 to build the plant. By 1 March 1942, the farmers who lived there had left their farms.
Construction of Badger Ordnance Works, as it was known in World War II, began in March 1942. Before the works were built, a 75,000 foot fence was erected around approximately 7,500 acres (30 km2) of the 10,500 acres (42 km2) acquired by the U.S. Army. When the plant was finished, it contained smokeless powder and rocket grain production facilities, housing for 12,000 construction workers and their families for six months, housing for 4,000-8,000 production workers and their families for the length of World War II, a school, a recreation center, a child care facility, a hospital, cafeterias, and a transportation system. By December 1942, of standard gauge railroad were completed.
Within the first ten months of construction, the first production area went into operation. The plans originally called for production lines to make smokeless powder, diphenylamine, and sulfuric acid. In the end, the facility's production lines included smokeless powder, acid, sulfuric acid, rocket propellant, and Ball Powder.
During the 33 years it produced ammunition for World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, the Badger Army Ammunition Plant employed over 23,000 workers.
World War II
During World War II, Badger was managed by Hercules Powder Company. It produced rocket propellant, smokeless powder, and E.C. powder. Smokeless powder had been patented a decade before World War II by DuPont and Hercules Powder Company had the rights to make it at Badger. E.C. Powder was used in hand grenades, tear gas canisters, and blank cartridges. Badger also produced acid and oleum which are necessary for the production of these forms of ammunition. The acid and oleum produced at Badger were used both on site and at other Army ammunition plants in the area.
On 10 May 1943, the first train load of finished product left Badger; 60,000 pounds of smokeless powder was sent to the Twin Cities Ordnance Plant in Minnesota where it was used in M-1 rifle cartridges.
After World War II, the facility was placed on stand-by and subsequently placed into excess federal property status. The Hercules Powder Company began the process of demolishing and burning contaminated buildings, scrapping equipment, and donating office furniture and supplies to area schools. This led to some difficulties when Badger was reactivated for the Korean War.
Korean War
In 1951, during the Korean War, Olin Industries was awarded the contract to manage Badger; the company continued to operate Badger until 2004. To get the plant into operational shape, Olin replaced machinery, office furniture and supplies, and added building production areas and capabilities such as the Ball Powder plant. At that time, Olin Industries was the only manufacturer of Ball Powder in the United States. Ball Powder, which was a trademarked name, had been introduced by Western Cartridge, a subsidiary of Olin Corporation, in 1933, but was not accepted by the U.S. Army until 1944.
Ball Powder is a fine-grained, spherical gunpowder coated in graphite that is easy to store and transport in any climate and ideal for modern infantry small arms ammunition cartridges. Because the time it took to build the Ball Powder plant at Badger was too long to enable any of the Ball Powder produced there to be used in the Korean War, it was put into storage and eventually used during the Vietnam War.
Cold War
During the Cold War years between the Korean War and the Vietnam War, Badger was held in stand-by status. It was believed that Badger would not be reactivated unless a war was imminent because the threat of a nuclear strike existed. Badger was important to the United States because of its location far from large cities, its water source, small reactivation costs, and the fact that it had the greatest ammunition manufacturing capabilities in the United States; Badger had the capability of producing most of the ammunition necessary for a land war. These qualities of Badger also made it a likely target of a nuclear attack if it were to be reactivated. Therefore, Olin Corporation maintained Badger on stand-by status until the United States announced its intent to send troops to Vietnam.
Vietnam War
Before the Vietnam War began, the army was testing the new M16 rifle which used Ball Powder ammunition. DuPont and Olin Corporation each developed Ball Powder that was compatible with the M16 rifles used in the Vietnam War and were used interchangeably. Hercules Powder Company also developed a Ball Powder for the rifles; however, it was not selected by the rifle manufacturers or the U.S. Army.
Olin Corporation also had another, smaller, plant in East Alton, Illinois where it could make Ball Powder. It was believed that the East Alton plant would produce the Ball Powder necessary for the Vietnam War. However, when workers at the East Alton plant went on strike, the entire Vietnam operation was put into jeopardy. Therefore, Badger was reactivated on January 3, 1966, and Olin Corporation prepared to make what would be millions of pounds of ammunition before propellant production ended in 1975.
By September 1966, Badger was producing and shipping oleum, a highly concentrated sulfuric acid, to the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant near Chicago, Illinois, in addition to using it locally.
Post-war period
Olin Corporation continued to maintain Badger on stand-by status after the Vietnam War. The plant was initially laid away in 1977 and placed in stand-by status. In 1997, the U.S. Army declared Badger to be excess to its needs. Until 2004, Olin Corporation led the clean-up of Badger. In 2004, SpecPro, Inc., an 8(a) Certified Alaska Native Corporation (ANC) and subsidiary of the Bristol Bay Native Corporation, was awarded the contract to operate Badger, including all maintenance, demolition, and remediation activities. In 2012, Badger Technical Services, LLC became the sole contractor at Badger. Demolition of the Army manufacturing infrastructure began in 2004 and is expected to be complete in 2014.
Reuse
In early 2000, the Sauk County Board of Supervisors acted to establish a locally driven reuse planning process with the assistance of then-U.S. Congresswoman Tammy Baldwin and funds provided by the U.S. Department of Labor, establishing the Badger Reuse Committee (BRC). The 21-member BRC included representatives from neighboring communities, local, state, and federal governments, and the Ho-Chunk Nation. In its mission statement, the BRC charged itself with the task of developing "a common vision for the reuse of the Badger property that can be meaningfully considered and realistically implemented by the appropriate local, state, and federal agencies." It sought to achieve a community-based consensus for use of the site.
Early meetings were devoted to gathering and reviewing basic information about the Badger property and its role – past, present, and future – in Sauk County's landscape, community, and economy. In the past, the Badger lands had been a place of division and conflict. The committee identified nine key values and detailed criteria for each value to guide consideration of future uses. The BRC chose one plan that best fit the parameters of the values out of 25 different proposals. The reuse plan calls for all 7,275 acres to be managed as a whole. The land uses include conservation, prairie and savanna restoration, agriculture, education and recreation.
The Badger Reuse Plan established the need for a Badger Oversight and Management Board (BOMC), which meets bi-monthly to facilitate collaboration around the future uses of the Badger properties.
Future use
Once the installation was declared excess to the Army's needs, the General Services Administration (GSA), the federal government's real estate manager, received applications from other federal agencies interested in acquiring the land. Six applicants with federal sponsorship were approved but only five have agreed to accept property.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Dairy ForageThe USDA Dairy Forage Research Center was established on a portion of the Badger installation in the 1970s. USDA accepted in 2004 and in 2005. Another will transfer in 2014. The research toward "greener horizons for cows, crops, and communities" continues at the USDA Dairy Forage Research Center on the land received.
Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)/Ho-Chunk NationThe BIA declined to accept any land (1553 acres) for the Ho-Chunk Nation, citing no authority to incur excessive cost for performing their own environmental assessment in addition to the work completed by the Army and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The Ho-Chunk Nation has been unsuccessful in changing the BIA's position.
National Park Service (NPS)/Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR)The NPS agreed to land use by the WDNR through the Federal Lands to Parks Program for park and recreation use. The transferred property will become the Sauk Prairie Recreation Area adjacent to and managed by Devil's Lake State Park. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources is drafting the master plan for the future Sauk Prairie Recreation Area, and now manages hunting on the property. The NPS and DNR will accept all land not transferred to other owners, including the acreage originally planned for the BIA/Ho-Chunk Nation.
Town of Sumpter, WisconsinThe Town of Sumpter will receive the three historic cemeteries located at Badger and the water and wastewater systems. The Army acquired the cemeteries (Pioneer, Thoelke, and Miller) during the initial land acquisition in 1942 and has maintained them since. The cemetery acreage totals .
Bluffview Sanitary DistrictThe Town of Sumpter's Bluffview Sanitary District has received land relating to the sewage and water treatment system previously managed by the Army. The estimated area to be received is approximately . Bluffview, located across US 12 from Badger, is former Badger employee housing which has been further developed and is now private residences.
Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT)WisDOT received land along the existing State Highway 78 to expand and straighten it. In 2011, were transferred for the highway right-of-way. The department also controls the rail line that crosses the installation, by a permanent easement that has been rail banked for a trail under a long-term lease agreement with the WDNR (2011).
The Badger Army Information Repositories are located at the Sauk City Public Library, Ruth Culver Public Library, and at the Badger Army Ammunition Plant. The Badger Repositories include Army publications, RAB meeting minutes, groundwater monitoring data, and reports on remediation projects.
The mailing address is: Badger Army Ammunition Plant, S7560 Highway 12, North Freedom, Wisconsin 53951.
Geography
Originally over 10,000 acres in size, in 2004 Badger consisted of 7,275 acres of land in Sauk County. It is bounded by Devil's Lake State Park and the Baraboo Hills to the north, the Town of Merrimac and the Wisconsin River to the east, the Town of Prairie du Sac to the south, and the Town of Sumpter and the Bluffview community to the west.
Geology
Badger is located on the terminal moraine of the outwash plain of a glacier that stopped in the area during the Wisconsin Glaciation approximately 12,000 years ago. The bedrock in the area consists of quartzite, sandstone, shale, and limestone. Groundwater flow is influenced by the Baraboo Hills to the north and the Wisconsin River to the east.
Vegetation
This area originally consisted of oak savanna and prairie habitat. After settlers populated the area, agriculture became predominant and few prairie and oak savanna remnants remained. Under Army management, the open spaces at Badger consisted of a few prairie remnants, some agricultural lands, and open grassy spaces around buildings maintained by grazing. Prairie restoration began in the 1970s and these areas were maintained by fire. Grazing ended in 2003 when demolition started, and the open areas are now growing up into shrubs such as autumn olive and honeysuckle.
Environmental contamination
32 areas within the plant are polluted with solvents, toxic metals and explosive wastes. Groundwater beneath the plant is contaminated with cancer-causing chemicals, including carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene and dinitrotoluenes. An area known as the Propellant Burning Grounds is the source of a three-mile long plume of contaminated groundwater that has migrated offsite, polluting private drinking water wells in its path and flowing into the Wisconsin River. Since December 2003, dinitrotoluene (DNT) has been found in a number of private wells near the Badger Army Ammunition Plant. DNT was found above the Wisconsin Enforcement Standard in three private wells and three other private wells had nitrates above the Wisconsin ES. As of 2021, regular groundwater monitoring found hazardous levels of contaminants located halfway between Baraboo and Prairie du Sac. Restoration Advisory Board members and the Town Administrator were displeased with the Army s inaction and attempted to lobby Congress for direct funding to create a public water system.
See also
Companies/Contractors
Olin Corporation, previous contractor
SpecPro, Inc., previous contractor
Badger Technical Services, LLC. previous contractor
SpecPro Professional Services, LLC current contractor
The Shaw Group, previous contractor
Materials
Ammunition
Ball propellant
Dinitrotoluene
Nitrocellulose
Nitroglycerin
Oleum
Propellant
Rocket propellant
Smokeless powder
Other AAPs Associated with Badger
Joliet Army Ammunition Plant
Ravenna Army Ammunition Plant
Other Topics
Environmental remediation
Prairie restoration
Restoration ecology
References
Further reading
External links
Historical information
A Day at Badger, film produced by the U.S. Army in the early 1970s
Badger Ammo History, video produced by Wisconsin Public Television
Badger Ammo Demolition, video produced by Wisconsin Public Television
Site information
Badger Reuse Plan
Plans for the Sauk Prairie Recreation Area
Badger Installation Action Plan (IAP)
SpecPro, Inc., provided site management through May 2012
Community groups
Badger History Group
Sauk Prairie Conservation Alliance
Citizens for Safe Water Around Badger
Military installations in Wisconsin
United States Army arsenals during World War II
Ammunition manufacturers
Military logistics of the Korean War
Military logistics of the Vietnam War
Military installations closed in 1977
Olin Corporation
Buildings and structures in Sauk County, Wisconsin
Geography of Sauk County, Wisconsin
Historic American Engineering Record in Wisconsin
United States Army arsenals
Baraboo, Wisconsin
1942 establishments in Wisconsin |
Danielle Cameranesi (born June 3, 1995) is an American women's ice hockey forward, currently playing for the Minnesota section of the PWHPA. She made her debut for the US national women's team at the 2014 4 Nations Cup in Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada.
Playing career
During the 2010–11 season, she registered 79 points (35 goals, 44 assists) while serving as team captain with The Blake School. Of note, the team was also conference champions.
USA Hockey
In August 2011, she was named to the under-18 U.S. team that competed versus Canada in a three-game series in Rockland, Ontario.
In the USA's 13–1 defeat of the Czech Republic at the 2012 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship, Cameranesi assisted on Molly Illikainen's goal.
She was named to the roster of the United States national women's ice hockey team that shall compete at the 2015 IIHF Women's World Championship.
On January 2, 2022, Cameranesi was named to Team USA's roster to represent the United States at the 2022 Winter Olympics. On July 20, 2022, Cameranesi announced her retirement from international competition. She finished her career with 24 goals and 58 points in 87 games.
NCAA
During the 2013–14 season in her freshman year, she recorded 19 goals and 17 assists. She was the leading scorer among WCHA freshmen and finished tied for ninth among all league scorers. Following the season she was named the inaugural National Rookie of the Year.
Donning the maroon and gold during exhibition play, she first appeared with the Golden Gophers in a September 26 contest versus the Japanese national team. With Japan having qualified for the 2014 Sochi Winter Games, it was a unique display of women's hockey. Cameranesi would log an even strength goal to give Minnesota a 3–0 lead in the second period. Minnesota would prevail by a 6–0 tally.
The following day, she scored a goal versus the University of British Columbia in the third period of a 7–0 whitewash at Ridder Arena. Perhaps more impressive was that said goal was scored against former Canadian national team member Danielle Dube.
She would register the first points of her NCAA career on October 12, 2013, in a 2–0 shutout victory over the rival Wisconsin Badgers. Cameranesi registered two assists on a pair of even-strength goals in the third period which were both scored by Kelly Terry.
NWHL
On June 12, 2018, Cameranesi signed with the Buffalo Beauts of the National Women's Hockey League.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
USA Hockey
Awards and honors
2010 Minnesota All-State honoree
2011 Minnesota All-State honoree
2011 Most Valuable Player, Blake School
2013 Minnesota Ms. Hockey Award
2014 Women's Hockey Commissioners Association National Rookie of the Year
2015 CCM Hockey Women's Division I All-Americans, Second Team
WCHA
WCHA Player of the Week (Week of October 21)
WCHA Offensive Player of the Week, (Week of February 17, 2015)
WCHA Offensive Player of the Week, (Week of February 24, 2015)
References
External links
Minnesota Golden Gophers bio
1995 births
Living people
American women's ice hockey forwards
Buffalo Beauts players
Ice hockey players from Minnesota
Ice hockey players at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Minnesota Golden Gophers women's ice hockey players
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in ice hockey
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in ice hockey
People from Plymouth, Minnesota
Ice hockey people from Hennepin County, Minnesota
Professional Women's Hockey Players Association players |
Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen. This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. Although it is less virulent than Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites, P. vivax malaria infections can lead to severe disease and death, often due to splenomegaly (a pathologically enlarged spleen). P. vivax is carried by the female Anopheles mosquito; the males do not bite.
Health
Epidemiology
Plasmodium vivax is found mainly in Asia, Latin America, and in some parts of Africa. P. vivax is believed to have originated in Asia, but recent studies have shown that wild chimpanzees and gorillas throughout central Africa are endemically infected with parasites that are closely related to human P. vivax. These findings indicate that human P. vivax is of African origin. Plasmodium vivax accounts for 65% of malaria cases in Asia and South America. Unlike Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax is capable of undergoing sporogonic development in the mosquito at lower temperatures. It has been estimated that 2.5 billion people are at risk of infection with this organism.
Although the Americas contribute 22% of the global area at risk, high endemic areas are generally sparsely populated and the region contributes only 6% to the total population at risk. In Africa, the widespread lack of the Duffy antigen in the population has ensured that stable transmission is constrained to Madagascar and parts of the Horn of Africa. It contributes 3.5% of global population at risk. Central Asia is responsible for 82% of global population at risk with high endemic areas coinciding with dense populations particularly in India and Myanmar. South East Asia has areas of high endemicity in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and overall contributes 9% of global population at risk.
P. vivax is carried by at least 71 mosquito species. Many vivax vectors thrive in temperate climates—as far north as Finland. Some prefer to bite outdoors or during the daytime, hampering the effectiveness of indoor insecticide and bed nets. Several key vector species have yet to be grown in the lab for closer study, and insecticide resistance is unquantified.
Clinical presentation
Pathogenesis results from rupture of infected red blood cells, leading to fever. Infected red blood cells may also stick to each other and to walls of capillaries. Vessels plug up and deprive tissues of oxygen. Infection may also cause the spleen to enlarge.
Unlike P. falciparum, P. vivax can populate the bloodstream, even before a patient shows symptoms, with sexual-stage parasites—the form ingested by mosquitoes prior to biting the next victim. Consequently, prompt treatment of symptomatic patients does not necessarily help stop an outbreak, as it does with falciparum malaria, in which fevers occur as sexual stages develop. Even when symptoms appear, because the disease is usually not immediately fatal, the parasite continues to multiply.
Plasmodium vivax can cause a more unusual form of malaria with atypical symptoms. It has been known to debut with hiccups, loss of taste, lack of fever, pain while swallowing, cough and urinary discomfort.
The parasite can lie dormant in the liver for days to years, causing no symptoms and remaining undetectable in blood tests. They form hypnozoites, a small stage that nestles inside an individual liver cell. This name derives from "sleeping organisms". The hypnozoites allow the parasite to survive in more temperate zones, where mosquitoes bite only part of the year.
A single infectious bite can trigger six or more relapses a year, leaving patients more vulnerable to other diseases. Other infectious diseases, including falciparum malaria, appear to trigger relapses.
Serious complications
Serious complications for malaria are dormant liver stage parasites, organ failures such as acute kidney failure. More complications of malaria can also be impairment of consciousness, neurological abnormalities, hypoglycemia and low blood pressures caused by cardiovascular collapse, clinical jaundice and or other vital organ dysfunctions and coagulation defects. The most serious complication ultimately being death.
Prevention
The main way to prevent malaria is through vector control. There are mostly three main forms that the vector can be controlled: (1) insecticide-treated mosquito nets, (2) indoor residual spraying and (3) antimalarial drugs. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLNs) are the preferred method of control because it is the most cost effective. The WHO is currently strategizing how to ensure that the net is properly maintained to protect people at risk. The second option is indoor residual spraying and has been proven effective if at least 80% of the homes are sprayed. However, such method is only effective for 3–6 months. A drawback to these two methods, unfortunately, is that mosquito resistance against these insecticides has risen. National malaria control efforts are undergoing rapid changes to ensure the people are given the most effective method of vector control. Lastly, antimalarial drugs can also be used to prevent infection from developing into a clinical disease. However, there has also been an increase resistance to antimalarial medicine.
In 2015 the World Health Organization (WHO) drew up a plan to address vivax malaria, as part of their Global Technical Strategy for Malaria.
Diagnosis
P. vivax and P. ovale that has been sitting in EDTA for more than 30 minutes before the blood film is made will look very similar in appearance to P. malariae,[source needed] which is an important reason to warn the laboratory immediately when the blood sample is drawn so they can process the sample as soon as it arrives. Blood films are preferably made within 30 minutes of the blood draw and must certainly be made within an hour of the blood being drawn. Diagnosis can be done with the strip fast test of antibodies.
Treatment
Chloroquine remains the treatment of choice for vivax malaria, except in Indonesia's Irian Jaya (Western New Guinea) region and the geographically contiguous Papua New Guinea, where chloroquine resistance is common (up to 20% resistance). Chloroquine resistance is an increasing problem in other parts of the world, such as Korea and India.
When chloroquine resistance is common or when chloroquine is contraindicated, then artesunate is the drug of choice, except in the U.S., where it is not approved for use. Where an artemisinin-based combination therapy has been adopted as the first-line treatment for P. falciparum malaria, it may also be used for P. vivax malaria in combination with primaquine for radical cure. An exception is artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP), which is not effective against P. vivax in many places. Mefloquine is a good alternative and in some countries is more readily available. Atovaquone-proguanil is an effective alternative in patients unable to tolerate chloroquine. Quinine may be used to treat vivax malaria but is associated with inferior outcomes.
32–100% of patients will relapse following successful treatment of P. vivax infection if a radical cure (inactivation of liver stages) is not given.
Eradication of the liver stages is achieved by giving primaquine but patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency are at risk for haemolysis. G6PD-testing is therefore very important, both in endemic areas and in travelers. At least a 14-day course of primaquine is required for the radical treatment of P. vivax malaria.
The idea that primaquine kills parasites in the liver is the traditional assumption. However, it has been suggested that primaquine might, to a currently unknown extent, also inactivate noncirculating, extrahepatic merozoites (clarity in this regard is expected to be forthcoming soon).
Tafenoquine
In 2013 a Phase IIb trial was completed that studied a single-dose alternative drug named tafenoquine. It is an 8-aminoquinoline, of the same family as primaquine, developed by researchers at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in the 1970s and tested in safety trials. It languished, however, until the push for malaria elimination sparked new interest in primaquine alternatives.
Among patients who received a 600-mg dose, 91% were relapse-free after 6 months. Among patients who received primaquine, 24% relapsed within 6 months. "The data are absolutely spectacular," Wells says. Ideally, he says, researchers will be able to combine the safety data from the Army's earlier trials with the new study in a submission to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval. Like primaquine, tafenoquine causes hemolysis in people who are G6PD deficient.
In 2013 researchers produced cultured human "microlivers" that supported liver stages of both P. falciparum and P. vivax and may have also created hypnozoites.
Eradication
Mass-treating populations with primaquine can kill the hypnozoites, exempting those with G6PD deficiency. However, the standard regimen requires a daily pill for 14 days across an asymptomatic population.
Korea
P. vivax is the only indigenous malaria parasite on the Korean peninsula. In the years following the Korean War (1950–53), malaria-eradication campaigns successfully reduced the number of new cases of the disease in North Korea and South Korea. In 1979, World Health Organization declared the Korean peninsula vivax malaria-free, but the disease unexpectedly re-emerged in the late 1990s and still persists today. Several factors contributed to the re-emergence of the disease, including reduced emphasis on malaria control after 1979, floods and famine in North Korea, emergence of drug resistance and possibly global warming. Most cases are identified along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. As such, vivax malaria offers the two Koreas an opportunity to work together on an important health problem that affects both countries.
Drug targets
Given that drugs that target the various life stages of the parasite can sometimes have undesirable side effects, it is desirable to come up with drug molecules targeting specific proteins/enzymes that are essential for the parasite's survival or that can compromise the fitness of the organism. Enzymes in the purine salvage pathway had been favorite targets to this end. However, given the high degree of conservation in purine metabolism across the parasite and its host, there could be potential cross-reactivity making it difficult to design selective drugs against the parasite. To overcome this, recent efforts have focused on deducing the function of orphan hypothetical proteins whose functions have been unknown. Though, a lot of the hypothetical proteins have role in secondary metabolism, targeting them will be beneficial from two perspectives, i.e., specificity and reducing the virulence of the pathogen with no or minimal undesirable cross-reactivities.
Biology
Life cycle
Like all malaria parasites, P. vivax has a complex life cycle. It infects a definitive insect host, where sexual reproduction occurs, and an intermediate vertebrate host, where asexual amplification occurs. In P. vivax, the definitive hosts are Anopheles mosquitoes (also known as the vector), while humans are the intermediate asexual hosts. During its life cycle, P. vivax assumes various different physical forms (see below).
Asexual forms:
Sporozoite: Transfers infection from mosquito to human
Immature trophozoites (Ring or signet-ring shaped), about 1/3 of the diameter of a RBC.
Mature trophozoites: Very irregular and delicate (described as amoeboid); many pseudopodial processes seen. Presence of fine grains of brown pigment (malarial pigment) or hematin probably derived from the haemoglobin of the infected red blood cell.
Schizonts (also called meronts): As large as a normal red cell; thus the parasitized corpuscle becomes distended and larger than normal. There are about sixteen merozoites.
Sexual forms:
Gametocytes: Round. P. vivax gametocytes are commonly found in human peripheral blood at about the end of the first week of parasitemia.
Gametes: Formed from gametocytes in mosquitoes.
Zygote: Formed from combination of gametes
Oocyst: Contains zygote, develops into sporozoites
Human infection
P. vivax human infection occurs when an infected mosquito feeds on a human. During feeding, the mosquito injects saliva, along with sporozoites, through the skin. A proportion of these sporozoites reach the liver. There they enter hepatic cells, on which they feed, and reproduce asexually, as described in the next section. This process gives rise to thousands of merozoites (plasmodial daughter cells) in the body.
The incubation period of human infection usually ranges from ten to seventeen days and sometimes up to a year. Persistent liver stages allow relapse up to five years after elimination of red blood cell stages and clinical cure.
Liver stage
The P. vivax sporozoite enters a hepatocyte and begins its exoerythrocytic schizogony stage. This is characterized by multiple rounds of nuclear division without cellular segmentation. After a number of nuclear divisions, the parasite cell will segment and merozoites are formed.
There are situations where some of the sporozoites do not immediately start to grow and divide after entering the hepatocyte, but remain in a dormant, hypnozoite stage for weeks or months. The duration of latency is thought to be variable from one hypnozoite to another and the factors that will eventually trigger growth are not known; this might explain how a single infection can be responsible for a series of waves of parasitaemia or "relapses". It has been assumed that different strains of P. vivax have their own characteristic relapse pattern and timing.
However, such recurrent parasitemia is probably being over-attributed to hypnozoite activation. Two newly recognized, non-hypnozoite, probable contributing sources to recurrent peripheral P. vivax parasitemia are erythrocytic forms in bone marrow and the spleen. Between 2018 and 2021, it was reported that vast numbers of non-circulating, non-hypnozoite parasites occur unobtrusively in tissues of P. vivax-infected people, with only a small proportion of the total parasite biomass present in the peripheral bloodstream. This finding supports an intellectually insightful, paradigm-shifting viewpoint, which had prevailed since 2011 (albeit not believed between 2011 and 2018 by most malariologists and therefore ignored), that an unknown percentage of P. vivax recurrences are recrudescences (having a non-circulating or sequestered merozoite origin), and not relapses (which have a hypnozoite source). The recent discoveries concerning bodily parasite biomass distribution did not give rise to this new theory; it was pre-existing, as explained above. The recent bone marrow and spleen, etc., findings merely confirm the likely validity of the theory.
Erythrocytic cycle
P. vivax preferentially penetrates young red blood cells (reticulocytes), unlike Plasmodium falciparum which can invade erythrocytes. In order to achieve this, merozoites have two proteins at their apical pole (PvRBP-1 and PvRBP-2). The parasite uses the Duffy blood group antigens (Fy6) to penetrate red blood cells. This antigen does not occur in the majority of humans in West Africa [phenotype Fy (a-b-)]. As a result, P. vivax occurs less frequently in West Africa.
The parasitised red blood cell is up to twice as large as a normal red cell and Schüffner's dots (also known as Schüffner's stippling or Schüffner's granules) are seen on the infected cell's surface. Schüffner's dots have a spotted appearance, varying in color from light pink, to red, to red-yellow, as coloured with Romanovsky stains. The parasite within it is often wildly irregular in shape (described as "amoeboid"). Schizonts of P. vivax have up to twenty merozoites within them. It is rare to see cells with more than one parasite within them. Merozoites will only attach to immature blood cell (reticulocytes) and therefore it is unusual to see more than 3% of all circulating erythrocytes parasitised.
Unusual erythrocytic forms were detected in a few cases of an outbreak in Brazil.
Mosquito stage
Parasite life cycle in mosquitoes includes all stages of
sexual reproduction:
Infection and Gametogenesis
Microgametes
Macrogametes
Fertilization
Ookinite
Oocyst
Sporogony
Mosquito Infection and Gamete Formation
When a female Anopheles mosquito bites an infected person, gametocytes and other stages of the parasite are transferred to the mosquito stomach.
Gametocytes ultimately develop into gametes, a process known as gametogony.
Microgametocytes become very active, and their nuclei undergo fission (i.e. amitosis) to each give 6-8 daughter nuclei, which becomes arranged at the periphery. The cytoplasm develops long thin flagella like projections, then a nucleus enter into each one of these extensions. These cytoplasmic extensions later break off as mature male gametes (microgametes). This process of formation of flagella-like microgametes or male gametes is known as exflagellation.
Macrogametocytes show very little change. They develop a cone of reception at one side and becomes mature as macrogametocytes (female gametes).
Fertilization
Male gametes move actively in the stomach of mosquitoes in search of female gametes. Male gametes then enter into female gametes through the cone of reception. The complete fusion of 2 gametes results in the formation of zygote. Here, fusion of 2 dissimilar gametes occurs, known as anisogamy.
The zygote remains inactive for sometime but it soon elongates, becomes vermiform (worm-like) and motile. It is now known as ookinete. The pointed ends of ookinete penetrate the stomach wall and come to lie below its outer epithelial layer. Here the zygote becomes spherical and develops a cyst wall around itself. The cyst wall is derived partly from the stomach tissues and partly produced by the zygote itself. At this stage, the zygote is known as an oocyst. The oocyst absorbs nourishment and grows in size. Oocysts protrude from the surface of stomach, giving it a blistered appearance. In a highly infected mosquito, as many as 1000 oocysts may be seen.
Sporogony
The oocyst nucleus divides repeatedly to form large number of daughter nuclei. At the same time, the cytoplasm develops large vacuoles and forms numerous cytoplasmic masses. These cytoplasmic masses then elongate and a daughter nuclei migrates into each mass. The resulting sickle-shaped bodies are known as sporozoites. This phase of asexual multiplication is known as sporogony and is completed in about 10–21 days. The oocyst then bursts and sporozoites are released into the body cavity of mosquito. Sporozoites eventually reach the salivary glands of mosquito via its hemolymph. The mosquito now becomes infectious. Salivary glands of a single infected mosquito may contain as many as 200,000 sporozoites.
When the mosquito bites a healthy person, thousands of sporozoites are infected into the blood along with the saliva and the cycle starts again.
Taxonomy
P. vivax can be divided into two clades: one that appears to have origins in the Old World and a second that originated in the New World. The distinction can be made on the basis of the structure of the A and S forms of the rRNA. A rearrangement of these genes appears to have occurred in the New World strains. It appears that a gene conversion occurred in an Old World strain and this strain gave rise to the New World strains. The timing of this event has yet to be established.
At present, both types of P. vivax circulate in the Americas. The monkey parasite – Plasmodium simium – is related to the Old World strains rather than to the New World strains.
A specific name – Plasmodium collinsi – has been proposed for the New World strains, but this suggestion has not been accepted to date.
Miscellaneous
It has been suggested that P. vivax has horizontally acquired genetic material from humans.
Plasmodium vivax is not known to have a particular gram stain (negative vs. positive) and may appear as either.
There is evidence that P. vivax is itself infected by viruses.
Therapeutic use
P. vivax was used between 1917 and the 1940s for malariotherapy, that is, to create very high fevers to combat certain diseases such as tertiary syphilis. In 1917, the inventor of this technique, Julius Wagner-Jauregg, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries. However, the technique was dangerous, killing about 15% of patients, so it is no longer in use.
See also
List of parasites (human)
Apicomplexan life cycle
Gametocyte
Host (biology)
References
External links
Malaria Atlas Project
vivax
Parasites of humans
Malaria
Protozoal diseases |
In computer science, higher-order abstract syntax (abbreviated HOAS) is a technique for the representation of abstract syntax trees for languages with variable binders.
Relation to first-order abstract syntax
An abstract syntax is abstract because it is represented by mathematical objects that have certain structure by their very nature. For instance, in first-order abstract syntax (FOAS) trees, as commonly used in compilers, the tree structure implies the subexpression relation, meaning that no parentheses are required to disambiguate programs (as they are, in the concrete syntax). HOAS exposes additional structure: the relationship between variables and their binding sites. In FOAS representations, a variable is typically represented with an identifier, with the relation between binding site and use being indicated by using the same identifier. With HOAS, there is no name for the variable; each use of the variable refers directly to the binding site.
There are a number of reasons why this technique is useful. First, it makes the binding structure of a program explicit: just as there is no need to explain operator precedence in a FOAS representation, there is no need to have the rules of binding and scope at hand to interpret a HOAS representation. Second, programs that are
alpha-equivalent (differing only in the names of bound variables) have identical representations in HOAS, which can make equivalence checking more efficient.
Implementation
One mathematical object that could be used to implement HOAS is a graph where variables are associated with their binding sites via edges. Another popular way to implement HOAS (in, for example, compilers) is with de Bruijn indices.
Use in logic programming
The first programming language which directly supported
λ-bindings in syntax was the higher-order logic programming
language λProlog.
The paper that introduced the term HOAS
used
λProlog code to illustrate it. Unfortunately, when one transfers the
term HOAS from the logic programming to the functional programming
setting, that term implies the identification of bindings in syntax
with functions over expressions. In this latter setting, HOAS has a
different and problematic sense. The term λ-tree syntax has been introduced to
refer specifically to the style of representation available in the
logic programming setting.
While different in detail, the treatment of bindings in λProlog is similar
to their treatment in logical frameworks, elaborated in the next section.
Use in logical frameworks
In the domain of logical frameworks, the term higher-order abstract syntax is usually used to refer to a specific representation that uses the binders of the meta-language to encode the binding structure of the object language.
For instance, the logical framework LF has a λ-construct, which has arrow
(→) type. As an example, consider we wanted to formalize a very primitive language with untyped expressions, a built-in set of variables, and a let construct (let <var> = <exp> in <exp'>), which allows to bind variables var with definition exp in expressions exp'.
In Twelf syntax, we could do as follows:
Here, exp is the type of all expressions and var the type of all built-in variables (implemented perhaps as natural numbers, which is not shown). The constant v acts as a casting function and witnesses the fact that variables are expressions. Finally, the constant let represents let constructs of the form let <var> = <exp> in <exp>: it accepts a variable, an expression (being bound by the variable), and another expression (that the variable is bound within).
The canonical HOAS representation of the same object language would be:
In this representation, object level variables do not appear explicitly. The constant let takes an expression (that is being bound) and a meta-level function exp → exp
(the body of the let). This function is the higher-order part: an expression with a free variable is
represented as an expression with holes that are filled in by the meta-level function when applied. As a concrete example, we would construct the object level expression
(assuming the natural constructors for numbers and addition) using the HOAS signature above as
where [y] e is Twelf's syntax for the function .
This specific representation has advantages beyond the ones above: for one, by reusing the meta-level notion of binding, the encoding enjoys properties such as type-preserving substitution without the need to define/prove them. In this way using HOAS can drastically reduce the amount of boilerplate code having to do with binding in an encoding.
Higher-order abstract syntax is generally only applicable when object language variables can be understood as variables in the mathematical sense (that is, as stand-ins for arbitrary members of some domain). This is often, but not always, the case: for instance, there are no advantages to be gained from a HOAS encoding of dynamic scope as it appears in some dialects of Lisp because dynamically scoped variables do not act like mathematical variables.
See also
Generalized algebraic data type
Parametric higher-order abstract syntax (PHOAS)
References
Further reading
Type theory
Logic programming
Dependently typed programming
Programming language theory |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\MigrationCenterAPI;
class MachineDiskDetails extends \Google\Model
{
protected $disksType = DiskEntryList::class;
protected $disksDataType = '';
/**
* @var string
*/
public $totalCapacityBytes;
/**
* @var string
*/
public $totalFreeBytes;
/**
* @param DiskEntryList
*/
public function setDisks(DiskEntryList $disks)
{
$this->disks = $disks;
}
/**
* @return DiskEntryList
*/
public function getDisks()
{
return $this->disks;
}
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setTotalCapacityBytes($totalCapacityBytes)
{
$this->totalCapacityBytes = $totalCapacityBytes;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getTotalCapacityBytes()
{
return $this->totalCapacityBytes;
}
/**
* @param string
*/
public function setTotalFreeBytes($totalFreeBytes)
{
$this->totalFreeBytes = $totalFreeBytes;
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getTotalFreeBytes()
{
return $this->totalFreeBytes;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(MachineDiskDetails::class, 'Google_Service_MigrationCenterAPI_MachineDiskDetails');
``` |
Sisters Lake () is a lake in Alishan National Scenic Area, Alishan Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan.
Name
The lake is named Sisters because it was said there used to be two Taiwanese indigenous women of the Tsou tribe who committed suicide here because they could not find love.
History
The lake was dried out in 2002 due to prolonged draught season.
Geology
The lake is located at an altitude of 2,100 meters. The lake consists of two lakes, which are named Elder Sister Lake and Younger Sister Lake. Elder Sister Lake is the larger of the two lakes with a surface area of 530 m2. It has a shape of rectangular and it consists of two wooden pavilions built from Taxodium distichum. The Younger Sister Lake is the smaller of two with a surface area of 66 m2. Both lakes are separated by around 50 meters in distance.
Architecture
The two lakes is encircled by a 180 meter long foot path.
See also
Geography of Taiwan
List of lakes of Taiwan
References
Lakes of Taiwan
Landforms of Chiayi County
Tourist attractions in Chiayi County |
Doum Doum is a sub-prefecture of Lac Region in Chad.
References
Populated places in Chad |
Mission: Impossible is a 1990 overhead action adventure video game produced by Konami/Ultra Games for the Nintendo Entertainment System based on the second Mission: Impossible TV series.
Plot
The objective of the IMF team is to solve a kidnapping case, as a terrorist group by the name of the Sinister 7 has kidnapped both a well-known scientist and Shannon Reed, another IMF operative. The chase will take place through the canals of Venice to the Swiss Alps, and the team is to infiltrate a number of hostile multiple-floor installations in pursuit of the hostages.
Gameplay
The game is played from a top-down perspective. The player gets to control three IMF operatives from the TV series - Max, Grant and Nicholas - all of whom have different skills necessary for completion. The used character may be switched at any time in-game.
On the street at the very beginning of the game, civilians may not be harmed, and such activities will most certainly bring the mission to a highly embarrassing end, as local authorities proceed to arrest the attacker. While infiltrating an enemy's hideout, discretion is advised as detection by the surveillance system will bring security guards.
Reception
Mean Machines Magazine gave an overall score of 86 out of 100, giving praise to the large game levels and creating a faithful rendition of the tv score, although giving criticism to the drab colors and repeated character blocks concluding “A great Blend of action and adventure which captures the spirit of the tv show well and provides a brill game into the bargain.”
References
External links
Mission: Impossible at MobyGames
Mission: Impossible at GameFAQs
1990 video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Konami games
Mission: Impossible video games
Run and gun games
Stealth video games
Top-down video games
Spy video games
Video games set in Moscow
Video games set in Berlin
Video games set in Switzerland
Video games set in Venice
Video games set in Cyprus
Video games developed in Japan
Video games set in the Soviet Union |
Darshan Raval (born 18 October 1994) is an Indian singer, composer, and songwriter. He is known for his work in different languages including Hindi, Gujarati, Punjabi and Bengali. In 2014, he participated in the StarPlus music reality show, India's Raw Star, finishing as the first runner-up.
Early life
Before he entered into the entertainment industry, Raval faced academic challenges and was expelled from college due to poor academic performance.
Career
Raval's career began in 2014, when he participated in the reality show India's Raw Star and was declared the first runner-up. Raval has mentioned the support of Himesh Reshammiya as an important factor in his initial success in the Bollywood industry.
As of 2023, he has released several popular songs in different languages, including Hindi, Gujarati, and Telugu. Some of his notable works include "Ek Ladki Ko Dekha Toh Aisa Laga," "Chogada", and "Kheech Meri Photo".
Media
Raval was ranked in The Times Most Desirable Men at No. 45 in 2017. He won awards for Transmedia Gujarati Screen and Stage Award for Best Male Singer.
Discography
Film songs
Hindi
Gujarati
Telugu
Non-film songs
Hindi
Gujarati
Bengali
References
External links
Participants in Indian reality television series
Indian male singer-songwriters
Indian singer-songwriters
Singers from Ahmedabad
Bollywood playback singers
Actors from Maharashtra
Musicians from Maharashtra
21st-century Indian singers
Living people
21st-century Indian male singers
1994 births |
Alime Abdenanova
Raushan Abdullin (ru)
Magomedshamil Abduragimov
Kanti Abdurakhmanov
Nikolai Abramashvili
Yuri Abramovich
Sergey Avdeev
Aleksandr Averkiev (ru)
Vyacheslav Averyanov (ru)
Ivan Averyanov (ru)
Viktor Adamishin
Arthur Adams
Gennady Azarychev (ru)
Aleksandra Akimova
Vladimir Aleksandrov (ru)
Aleksandr Alekseev (ru)
Vladimir Alekseev (ru)
Eduard Alekseev (ru)
Vladimir Alimov (ru)
Marat Alykov
Stanislav Amelin (ru)
Sergey Amosoc (ru)
Gennady Anashkin (ru)
Aleksandr Andreev (ru)
Anatoly Andronov (ru)
Sergey Anikin (ru)
Yuri Anokhin (ru)
Andrey Anoshchenkov (ru)
Oleg Antonovich (ru)
Ivan Anureev (ru)
Timur Apakidze
Marem Arapkhanova
Sergey Arefyev (ru)
Aleksey Artemyev (ru)
Oleg Artemyev
Aleksandr Artyukhin (ru)
Valery Asapov
Asker Askerov (ru)
Aleksandr Astapov (ru)
Vasily Afonin
Marat Akhmetshin (ru)
Igor Akhpashev (ru)
Sergey Ashikhmin (ru)
Mukhridin Ashurov (ru)
References
Heroes A |
The culture of Afghanistan has persisted for over three millennia, tracing record to at least the time of the Achaemenid Empire in 500 BCE, and encompasses the cultural diversity of the nation. Afghanistan's culture is historically strongly connected to nearby Persia, including the same religion, as the people of both countries have lived together for thousands of years. Its location at the crossroads of Central, South and Western Asia historically made it a hub of diversity, dubbed by one historian as the "roundabout of the ancient world".
Afghanistan is a mostly tribal society with different regions of the country having their own subculture. Despite this, nearly all Afghans follow Islamic traditions, celebrate the same holidays, dress the same, consume the same food, listen to the same music and are multi-lingual to a certain extent. Its culture is strongly tied with elements of Turko-Persian and Indo-Persian cultures, which can be seen in the likes of language, cuisine or classical music.
Afghan culture is increasingly becoming a dynamic realm of academic study in scholarly terms. In more recent history, Afghan culture has been threatened and fragmented due to the prolonged conflict in the country.
History
Music and dance
Traditionally, only men have been involved in theater acting. Recently, in theater arts, women have begun to take center stage.
Since the 1980s, the nation has witnessed several wars so music has been suppressed and recording for outsiders minimal. During the 1990s, the Taliban government banned instrumental music and much public music-making. Many musicians and singers continued to play their trade in the cities of other countries. Pakistani cities such as Peshawar, Karachi and Islamabad are important centers for the distribution of Afghan music. Kabul has long been the regional cultural capital, butq outsiders have tended to focus on the cities of Herat and Mazar-e-Sharif with its Qataghani style. Lyrics across the country are typically in both Dari-Persian and Pashto, Uzbeki, Hazaragi, Hindi, and western style songs and music are also very popular in Afghanistan.
Afghans enjoy music by playing many types of instruments. They also enjoy performing the Attan, which is considered the national dance of Afghanistan. What is typically heard in the country are folk songs or ballads. Many of the songs are known by almost everyone and have been around for many years. The main traditional Afghan music instruments include:
Harmonium
Santur
Chang
Rubab
Tabla
Sitar
Zurna
Flute
Dayereh
Tanbur
Dambura
Language and literature
Dari and Pashto are both the official languages of Afghanistan, although Dari (Afghan Persian) serves as the lingua franca for the majority. People in the northern and central areas of the country usually speak Persian/Dari, while those living in the south and east speak Pashto. Afghans living in the western regions of Afghanistan speak both Dari and Pashto. Most citizens are fluent in both languages, especially those living in major cities where the population is multi-ethnic. Several other languages are spoken in their own regions, which includes Uzbek, Turkmen and Balochi. English is gradually becoming popular among the young generation. There are smaller number of Afghans who can understand Russian, mainly among the northern Tajik, Uzbek and Turkmen groups.
Poetry
Poetry in Afghanistan has long been a cultural tradition and passion. It is mainly in Persian/Dari and Pashto languages, although in modern times it is also becoming more recognized in Afghanistan's other languages. Classic Persian and Pashto poetry plays an important role in the Afghan culture. Poetry has always been one of the major educational pillars in the region, to the level that it has integrated itself into culture. Some notable poets include Khushal Khan Khattak, Rahman Baba, Massoud Nawabi, Nazo Tokhi, Ahmad Shah Durrani, and Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi. Some of the famous Persian-language poets and authors from the 10th to 15th centuries are Rumi, Rabi'a Balkhi, Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Jami, Alisher Navoi, Sanai, Abu Mansur Daqiqi, Farrukhi Sistani, Unsuri, and Anvari. Contemporary Persian language poets and writers include Khalilullah Khalili and Sufi Ashqari.
Proverbs
Afghans prize wit and cleverness in speech. "Zarbul Masalha" (pronounced zar-bull mah-sal-HAA) means "proverbs" in Dari, and these zarbul masalha deeply reflect Afghan culture. U.S. Navy Captain Edward Zellem pioneered the use of Afghan proverbs as a positive relationship-building tool during the war in Afghanistan, and in 2012 he published two bilingual collections of Afghan proverbs in Dari and English.
Naming customs and honorifics
Pet keeping
Birds are the most popular animals that are kept as pets in Afghanistan. In Kabul there is a dedicated daily market selling a wide variety of birds from around the world.
Architecture
The important architectural sites are found in Herat, Mazar-I-Sharif, Ghazni, Qandahar, and Firuzkoh in Ghor Province.
The region has made major contributions to the world's architecture. UNESCO has acknowledged Afghanistan's role by declaring the Minaret of Jam and the Buddhas of Bamiyan destroyed in 2001, World Heritage Sites.
Housing
Houses in rural Afghanistan historically have been made of mudbricks and mud, and have a series of rooms located around a private rectangular courtyard where women and children can move around without being seen by the public. In recent years, however, Afghans living in rural areas began building their homes using cement and bricks, similar as those built in the big cities. In the north and west they are typically in fortified villages called qalahs ("fortresses"), whereas in the mountainous northern and eastern regions they differ, for example wooden multistoried dwellings in Nuristan.
Married sons often share houses with their parents, but with separate quarters. Afghan houses contain a special room where men socialize with each other known as a hujra. In the major cities, many Afghans live in modern houses or apartments. The nomadic kuchi people live in large tents because they are constantly on the move from one part of the country to another. The nomads of Turkic or Mongol origin in the north tend to live in yurts.
Art, weaving, ceramics
The lands of Afghanistan have a long history of art, with the world's earliest known usage of oil painting found in cave murals in the country. Afghan art includes Persian miniature style, with Kamaleddin Behzad of Herat being one of the most notable miniature artists of the Timurid and early Safavid periods. Since the 1900s, the nation began to use Western techniques in art. Abdul Ghafoor Breshna was a prominent Afghan painter and sketch artist from Kabul during the 20th century.
Afghanistan's art was originally almost entirely done by men, but recently women are entering the arts programs at Kabul University. Art is largely centered at the National Museum of Afghanistan, the National Gallery of Afghanistan and the National Archives of Afghanistan in Kabul. There are a number of art schools in the country. The Center for Contemporary Arts Afghanistan (CCAA) in Kabul provides young people to learn contemporary paintings.
Ceramics and pottery, of which many tend to be turquoise-colored, are produced in Afghanistan, most famously in the village of Istalif.
The art of making carpets has been prominent for centuries. Afghanistan is known for making beautiful oriental rugs. The Afghan carpet has certain prints that make them unique to Afghanistan.
Afghanistan is known for its production of Afghan rugs, traditionally handwoven using a number of well-known and highly-prized patterns.
Cuisine
Afghanistan has a wide varying landscape allowing for many different crops. Afghan cuisine is based on cereals like wheat, maize, barley and rice, which are the nation's chief crops. Afghans do not eat spicy food like the neighboring Pakistanis. Fresh and dried fruits is the most important part of Afghan diet. Afghanistan is well known for its fine fruits, especially pomegranates, grapes, and its extra-sweet jumbo-size melons.
Popular Afghan dishes:
Qabuli palao (traditional rice dish)
Mosh Palao
Shorba (Afghan soup)
Do Pyaza
Mantu (meat dumplings)
Kofta (meatballs)
Kichiri
Rosh
Chopan Kabab
Afghani Kabab
Mash Palao
Qabuli Polao
Qorma Sabzi
Shola (sticky rice dish)
Qoruti
Eshkana
Baunjan (cooked eggplant with potatoes and tomatoes)
Bendee/Baumya (cooked okra with potatoes and tomatoes)
Heeknusb (hummus)
Aushak
Aush (hand made noodles)
Baghlava (baklava)
Bolani (Afghan flat bread or crêpes)
Chapli Kabab
Shor-Nakhod (chick peas with special toppings)
Naan (Afghan bread)
Popular Afghan desserts:
Gosh Feel (pastry)
Halwa
Shir Berinj (rice pudding)
Ferni
Kadu Bouranee (sweet pumpkins)
Jelabi
Maleeda or Khajoor
Spice Rub
Dress and attire
Afghan traditional dress typically covers the entire body with a loose top and a form of head covering. The dresses are very colorful, especially women's.
Sport
The sports in Afghanistan are organized by the Afghan Sports Federation, which promotes football, cricket, basketball, volleyball, golf, handball, boxing, taekwondo, track and field, bowling, skating and several others.
Football remains to be the most popular sport across Afghanistan.The Afghanistan national football team was founded in 1922, joined FIFA in 1948 and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1954. Although it did not play in any international games from 1984 to 2003 due to the war, it is now striving and hoping to make it to FIFA. The Afghanistan women's national football team was formed in 2007. The Ghazi Stadium, which was built during the reign of King Amanullah Khan, was once used for a venue for public executions by the Taliban government. The stadium is currently used mostly for football matches between teams from different provinces of the country as well as neighboring countries. Basketball has existed in Afghanistan since at least the 1970s, and is slowly becoming popular again. It is played by both Afghan men and women. Additionally, Afghans in the north of the country enjoy the sport of buzkashi.
Cricket has become popular in recent years in Afghanistan. The Afghanistan national cricket team, which was formed in 1996 during Taliban regime, has held matches against all other international cricket teams since 2001. The Afghan team rapidly rose through the World Cricket League since early 2008. It participated in the 2009 ICC World Cup Qualifier, 2010 ICC World Cricket League Division One, and 2010 ICC World Twenty20 where they played India and South Africa. The team won four times in a row, the ACC Twenty20 Cup in 2007, 2009, 2011, and 2013. It played against top ranking teams in the 2012 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup and the 2012 ICC World Twenty20. ts, Afghans usually play with challengers of neighboring states and sometimes with other Asian countries.
Religion
Islam is the main religion of Afghanistan and over 99.7% of Afghans are Muslims. An estimated 84.7–90% of the population adhere to Sunni Islam, while an estimated 7–15% practice Shia Islam, and approximately 1% are followers of other religions, most prominently Sikhism. In pre-Islamic era, Zoroastrianism and Buddhism and Hinduism had a strong presence in
Afghanistan; in addition, Judaism and Christianity have also had a presence in Afghanistan for over a millennia.
Education
Education in Afghanistan includes K-12 and higher education, which is supervised by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education in Kabul, Afghanistan. There are about 10,000 schools of which 4,000 were built in the last decade. More than 100,000 teachers were trained and recruited in the same period. It was reported in 2011 that more than seven million male and female students were enrolled in schools. Some of the well known schools in Kabul are Habibia High School, Lycée Esteqlal, Amani High School, Aisha-i-Durani School, Ghazi High School and Rahman Baba High School. The Ahmad Shah Baba High School and Zarghuna Anna High School are two of the oldest schools in Kandahar.
Since the country has one of the lowest literacy rates in the world, the United States began establishing a number of Lincoln learning centers to help with this problem and promote American culture in Afghanistan. They are set up to serve as programming platforms offering English language classes, library facilities, programming venues, Internet connectivity, educational and other counseling services. A goal of the program is to reach at least 4,000 Afghan citizens per month per location. The military and national police are now provided with mandatory literacy courses. In addition to this, Baghch-e-Simsim (based on the American Sesame Street) was launched in late 2011 to help Afghan children learn from preschool onward. Programs in the show "will be partly filmed in Afghanistan with the rest" lifted from other versions in Muslim countries including Egypt and Bangladesh, as well as Mexico and Russia.
Higher education is provided by various universities throughout the country, which include the American University of Afghanistan, Kabul University, Polytechnical University of Kabul, Herat University, Balkh University, Nangarhar University, Kandahar University, Khost University, Bakhtar University, and a heap of others. There is also one military college, located in Kabul. Recently with help from UNESCO, over 1,000 women have taken the university entrance exam. As of 2011, about 62,000 students are enrolled in different universities around the country.
Games
Kites and "kite fighting" are highly popular in Afghanistan especially amongst children.
Holidays
Religious
Afghanistan's religious holidays are nearly the same as Islamic holidays. Some of the most important include Eid al-Fitr (end of Ramadan), Eid al-Adha, Ashura, and Mawlid, while the religious minorities of Afghanistan celebrate holidays unique to their respective religion.
Traditional
Farmer's Day, also known as Nauruz (Nowruz), is an ancient annual Afghan festival which celebrates both the beginning of spring and the New Year. The observances usually last two weeks, culminating on the first day of the Afghan New Year, March 21, and corresponds to the first day of the Persian Calendar.
Nauruz is related to a religion called Zoroastrianism which was in practice in ancient Persia before the emergence of Islam. This festival is to celebrate the arrival of spring as plants, trees, and flowers start to bloom making the weather pleasant. On the day of Nauruz, families usually celebrate the festival by cooking food and going out for a picnic. Families cook various kinds of meals, Samanak, and Haft-mewah or dry fruits that start with the letter (س) or (S) which represents the arrival of spring season. Haft-mewah contains seven dry fruits which families place in warm water two to three days before Nauruz. Samanak is another type of dessert made from wheat and sugar. Women usually get together days before Nauruz to prepare Samanak. They pour the ingredients into a big pot placed on an open fire and take turns to stir the wheat and sugar in the pot before it turns into a thick paste. Once prepared, the dessert is then served on the day of Nauruz.
National
Afghan Independence Day (19 August 19)
Mujahideen Victory Day (April 28)
Other
International Women's Day (March 8)
Remembrance Day for Martyrs and Disabled (September 9)
See also
Demography of Afghanistan
Postage stamps and postal history of Afghanistan
References
Further reading
Folktale collections
Mills, Margaret A. Cupid and Psyche in Afghanistan: An international Tale in Cultural Context Occasional Paper (Asia Society. Afghanistan Council), No. 14, Spring/1978.
External links
Afghanistan Cultural Profile
Afghanistan Online: Culture
Culture and history of Afghanistan
Afghan's Share in Indian Art and Culture
Afghanistan a cultural profile
Online Afghan Calendar with Gregorian, Hejrah-e shamsi and Hejrah-e qamari dates
National Bibliography and Publishing in Afghanistan (1871-2009)
AfghanProverbs.com. Features Dari (Afghan Farsi) Proverbs of Afghanistan, known as "Zarbul Masalha"
Afghanistan: Major Cultural and Historical Zones
Afghanistan
Afghanistan |
Integrity Defines Strength, is the second EP by Sworn Enemy, released on Stillborn Records in 2002. It was re-released in 2004.
Track listing
Personnel
Sal Lococo - vocals
Lorenzo Antonucci - guitar
Mike Raffinello - guitar
Mike Couls - bass guitar
Timmy Mycek - drums
Sworn Enemy albums
2002 EPs |
Roger Henry Pocklington Senhouse (189931 August 1970) was an English publisher and translator, and a peripheral member of the Bloomsbury Group of writers, intellectuals, and artists. The private letters of writer and Bloomsbury Group member Lytton Strachey reveal that Senhouse was his (last) lover, and with whom in the late ‘20s and early 1930s he had a sado-masochistic sexual relationship.
Senhouse attended both Eton College and Oxford University, where he was friends with Michael Llewelyn Davies, one of the boys upon whom Peter Pan was based. J. M. Barrie, the author of Peter Pan became legal guardian of the Llewellyn Davies boys on the death of their parents. Robert Boothby, who was a friend of Senhouse and Davies during that period and himself bisexual said in a 1976 interview that the relationship between Senhouse and Davies was "fleetingly" homosexual in nature.
In 1935, Senhouse became co-owner with Fredric Warburg of the publishing house which became Secker & Warburg, rescuing it from receivership. Senhouse translated several works by French novelist Colette, and collaborated on a translation of The Blood of Others by Simone de Beauvoir - these were published by Secker, along with major works of the era including George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm, and works by Theodore Roethke, Alberto Moravia, Günter Grass, Angus Wilson, Julian Gloag, and Melvyn Bragg.
See also
List of Bloomsbury Group people
References
External links
Archival Material at
Roger Senhouse Correspondence, 1919-1931 held by Princeton University Library Special Collections
1899 births
1970 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Publishers (people) from London
Gay businessmen
English gay men
English LGBT businesspeople
20th-century English businesspeople
20th-century English LGBT people |
Lichen is a type of symbiotic organism.
Lichen may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
Lichens (musician), Robert Lowe's solo musical project
"Lichen", the nickname for an untitled song by Aphex Twin from the album Selected Ambient Works Volume II
Biology
Asphodelus albus, a herbaceous perennial plant sometimes called white lichen
Lichen planus, an inflammatory disease
Lichen sclerosus, a skin disease
Lichen simplex chronicus, a skin disease
Places
Licheń Stary, a village in central Poland
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Licheń, a large church at Licheń Stary
Licheń, Lubusz Voivodeship, a village in western Poland
See also
Li Chen (disambiguation)
Lich, an undead creature
Lichen Lake (disambiguation)
Lycan (disambiguation) |
Cephalotes adolphi is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Also known as gliding ants. The species is native of Peru and of the Brazilian states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais. Their larger and flatter legs, a trait common with other members of the genus Cephalotes, gives them their gliding abilities.
References
adolphi |
Laurenz Rex (born 15 December 1999) is a Belgian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam .
Major results
2017
8th E3 Harelbeke Junioren
2021
8th Druivenkoers Overijse
2022
1st Criterium du Brabant Wallon
10th Brussels Cycling Classic
2023
1st Dorpenomloop Rucphen
9th Paris–Roubaix
Combativity award Stage 11 Giro d'Italia
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
1999 births
Living people
Belgian male cyclists
Sportspeople from Marburg
21st-century Belgian people |
was a Japanese baseball infielder and pitcher who played 22 seasons in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) from 1936 to 1958. He began his career as a stellar right-handed pitcher for the Osaka Tigers, but achieved his greatest fame as a hitter.
A superstitious player, Fujimura never hurt insects or shaved before games, although hot-tempered, as he was once suspended for physically abusing an umpire. In 1950, Fujimura set the single-season record with 191 base hits. This record remained unbroken for 44 years, until Ichiro Suzuki surpassed it in 1994. Fujimura was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974. His number
"10" has been retired by the Hanshin Tigers.
Biography
High school
In the 1933 National High School Baseball Championship, Fujimura's team Taishō reached the quarterfinals, but Masao Yoshida of Chukyo Shogyo pitched a shutout in the game.
In the finale of the 1934 National High School Baseball Championship, Fujimura faced Tetsuharu Kawakami and struck him out three times in three at-bats. Fujimura's team won the championship.
Osaka/Hanshin Tigers
Fujimura debuted with the Osaka Tigers in 1936, the inaugural season of the Japanese Baseball League. He split his time between pitcher and second base. After initially being a starting pitcher, he generally pitched in a relief role thereafter. Fujimura missed five seasons in the JBL because of military service during World War II.
Fujimura acted as the Tigers' player-manager in 1946, leading them to a 59–46 record. That was also the last year he spent significant time pitching, going 13–2 with a 2.44 ERA.
With a stat line of 46 home runs, 142 RBI, and a .332 average, Fujimura was the Most Valuable Player in 1949, the last season before the JBL reorganized into Nippon Professional Baseball.
In 1950 Fujimura led the Central League with a .362 batting average (and setting the single-season hits record), and was a Best Nine Award-winner at third base. In 1953 Fujimura led the Central League in home runs and RBI, with 27 and 98 respectively.
As a pitcher, Fujimura compiled an astounding winning percentage of .756. He hit for the cycle twice, once during the single-league era (in 1948) and once in the current dual-league era, the only player to do that. As a hitter, Fujimura finished his career with 1,694 hits, 224 home runs, and 1,126 RBI, with a lifetime .300 batting average. He was selected a Best Nine Award-winner three times at third base.
After his playing career, Fujimura returned to manage the Tigers in 1955–1957.
Fujimura was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.
Jim Albright, an expert on Japanese professional baseball, ranks Fujimura as among the top players in NPB history and possibly worthy of induction to Cooperstown.
Outside baseball
Fujimura appeared as an actor in the jidaigeki drama Shin Hissatsu Shiokinin in 1977 and Eiichi Kudo's film Aftermath of Battles Without Honor and Humanity in 1979.
See also
List of Nippon Professional Baseball players with 1,000 runs batted in
References
External links
Fumio Fujimura (Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame)
1916 births
1992 deaths
Baseball people from Hiroshima Prefecture
Baseball pitchers
Hanshin Tigers players
Japanese baseball players
Managers of baseball teams in Japan
People from Kure, Hiroshima
Hanshin Tigers managers
Player-coaches
Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame inductees |
Leo Sotorník (11 April 1926 in Vítkovice (Ostrava) – 14 March 1998 in Prague) was a Czech gymnast who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics and in the 1952 Summer Olympics, as well as the 1950 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and 1954 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships.
References
1926 births
1998 deaths
Czech male artistic gymnasts
Olympic gymnasts for Czechoslovakia
Gymnasts at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Gymnasts at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Czechoslovakia
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Sportspeople from Ostrava
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics |
Orešković, Oreskovic or Oreskovich is a Croatian surname.
It is the third most common surname in the Lika-Senj County of Croatia.
It may refer to:
Alesha Oreskovich, American model
Božidar Orešković, Croatian actor
Dalija Orešković, Croatian lawyer and politician
Dejan Orešković, Croatian musician
Marko Orešković, Croatian partisan commander
Phil Oreskovic, Canadian ice hockey player of Croatian descent
Tihomir Orešković, Croatian businessman and politician
Tihomir Orešković (officer), Croatian army officer and war criminal
Victor Oreskovich, Canadian ice hockey player of Croatian descent
References
Surnames of Croatian origin |
Martin Gould (born 14 September 1981) is an English professional snooker player from Pinner in the London Borough of Harrow. He has appeared in four ranking finals and won one ranking title, the 2016 German Masters.
Career
Gould began his professional career by playing Challenge Tour in 2000, at the time the second-level professional tour. In 2002, Gould won his first English Amateur Championship, beating Craig Taylor in the final. Gould reached the semi-finals of the 2002 European Championship.
Gould enjoyed a good run in the qualification for the 2003 World Snooker Championship, winning 8 matches, beating Alain Robidoux and Stephen Maguire. Gould's campaign ended when he lost to Patrick Wallace. However, he dropped off the Main Tour after this sole season and barely played for the next four years, due to looking after his terminally ill mother.
Gould returned to action in 2007 as he won his second English Amateur Championship, beating David Lilley 8–7 in a dramatic black-ball decider, as Lilley potted the black only for the white ball to go in-off. He then won the English Play-offs in Leeds to ensure his return to the Main Tour for 2007–08 season.
Gould reached the last 32 of the 2007 Northern Ireland Trophy, beating Matthew Stevens 5–4 from 0–3 down in the last 48. He also won multiple qualifying matches at both the UK Championship and World Championship qualifying events, although he did not ultimately qualify for either event. He finished the season inside the top 64.
Gould came through qualifying for the 2008 UK Championship, beating Supoj Saenla 9–1, Tom Ford 9–6, and in the final qualifying round overturned a 2–5 deficit to overcome Dominic Dale 9–6. In the first round Gould faced eventual champion Shaun Murphy, Murphy did go 7–3 ahead before Gould rattled off four frames in a row to bring the score back to 7–7, but Murphy held on to seal a 9–7 victory. Gould then also reached the last 16 of a ranking event for the first time, at the 2009 Welsh Open, beating Stephen Hendry 5–3 in the last 32. Solid qualifying results in the remainder of the season helped him into the top 48 in the world rankings for 2009–10 season meaning Gould had only to win two matches to qualify for events. In the World Championship qualifying, Gould defeated Rodney Goggins 10–7, David Gilbert 10–8 and former top 16 player Matthew Stevens 10–4 to qualify for the World Championship, where he lost in the first round. Despite dismal results during the first tournaments of 2009–10 season, he again returned to the Crucible the following year and defeated Marco Fu 10–9 in the first round. In the second round he spectacularly led Neil Robertson 6–0, 11–5 and 12–10, playing arguably his best snooker ever, before ultimately losing 12–13. Robertson went on to win the championship that year.
Gould had a strong start to the 2010–11 season, reaching the last 16 of the Shanghai Masters after beating Stephen Hendry 5–3, and scored his major ranking quarter-final at the World Open, where he lost 1–3 to Peter Ebdon. He performed successfully during the minor-ranking PTC events, his best result being the final of the Event 6, where he lost 3–4 to Dominic Dale despite Dale needing snookers in the decider. Having qualified to the PTC Grand Finals, in March 2011 Gould reached his first career final, where he was beaten 0–4 by Shaun Murphy. Gould once again qualified for the World Championship, and defeated Marco Fu 10–8 in a repeat of the previous year's first round match. Gould was then defeated by reigning China Open champion and eventual World Championship runner-up, Judd Trump.
Top 16 breakthrough
Gould began the 2011–12 season by qualifying for the first two ranking events of the year, the Australian Goldfields Open and the Shanghai Masters, being knocked out in the first round by Stephen Hendry in the former and in the second round to Matthew Stevens in the latter. His consistent performances were enough to see him break into the elite top 16 for the first time in October, meaning he would no longer have to qualify for the ranking tournaments.
In November, Gould won the Power Snooker, a new cue sport tournament which was introduced in 2010, beating reigning champion Ronnie O'Sullivan in the final. This was the last Power Snooker tournament to be held. Gould finished 2011 by reaching the final of PTC Event 11, where he lost to Tom Ford 3–4. He also reached the semi-finals of Event 9 and Event 12 to finish 10th in the Order of Merit and seal his place in the Finals, where he lost 1–4 to eventual winner Stephen Lee in the last 24. Gould's recent rise up the world rankings earned him a place in the prestigious Masters tournament for the first time in 2012. Only the top 16 are invited to the event with Gould drawing Shaun Murphy in the first round and being beaten 2–6.
After breaking into the top 16, Gould only won two matches in ranking events during the rest of the campaign. His season ended with three successive first round defeats, culminating in an 8–10 loss to David Gilbert in the World Championship. He finished the season ranked world number 14, meaning he had climbed 7 places during the year.
The 2012–13 season was a year of contrasts for Gould as he won three tournaments, but failed to perform in the ranking events.
He began with a 3–5 defeat to Jamie Cope in the Wuxi Classic, but then beat Ken Doherty 5–3 and Cao Yupeng 5–4 to reach the quarter-finals of the Australian Goldfields Open where he lost 2–5 to Mark Davis. Gould then won his first professional title carrying ranking points at the minor-ranking Second PTC event of the season. He beat Stephen Maguire 4–3 in the final and credited his work with new coach Stephen Feeney as a major reason for his success. He couldn't translate this form in to the main ranking tournaments though, as he lost in the first round of the next three events and lost his qualifying match in another three to drop out of the top 16. At the Snooker Shoot-Out, the event where each match is played over one frame lasting 10-minute under shot clock rules, Gould won the title by beating Mark Allen in the final. The £32,000 cheque he received is the biggest of his career to date. Despite following this up with first round defeats in the World Open and PTC Finals, Gould had won Group 5 of the Championship League to qualify for the Winners Group. There he won three of his six matches to progress to the semi-finals where he beat Ding Junhui 3–0, before seeing off Ali Carter 3–2 to win the tournament with a century break in the deciding frame. Gould's season ended when he lost 5–10 to Shaun Murphy in the first round of the World Championship to finish the year ranked world number 25, a drop of 11 places from the start season.
2013/2014 season
In the ranking events of the 2013–14 season, Gould reached the second round on four occasions but could never advance beyond this point. He also lost in the qualifying rounds for five other tournaments. Gould's best result on the European Tour was at the Rotterdam Open where he lost in the quarter-finals 3–4 to Mark Selby. For the second successive year he qualified for the Winners' group of the Championship League and won through to the semi-finals where he beat Stephen Maguire 3–0. Gould was unable to defend his title however, as he was defeated 1–3 in the final by Judd Trump. As the tournament is non-ranking Gould was unable to halt his slide down the rankings which meant he needed to win three qualifying matches to reach the first round of the World Championship. He did so with comprehensive 10–1 victories over Mitchell Travis and Igor Figueiredo and then beat Liang Wenbo 10–7. Gould played Marco Fu over whom he had already beaten twice in the event before, but he was unable to extend this into a hat-trick of triumphs as he lost 7–10. He fell five more places this season to end it as the world number 30.
2014/2015 season
Gould won three matches to advance to the quarter-finals of the 2014 Wuxi Classic and came from 0–57 down in the deciding frame against Stephen Maguire to beat him 5–4. In Gould's first ranking event semi-final since 2011 he was defeated 4–6 by Joe Perry. He was knocked out in the last 16 of both the Australian Goldfields Open and Shanghai Masters.
In October, he reached the final of the Bulgarian Open, but lost 2–4 to Shaun Murphy. At the inaugural World Grand Prix, Gould knocked out Alan McManus 4–1, Mark Selby 4–2 and Peter Ebdon 4–2 to meet Judd Trump in the semi-finals. Gould made a 111 break to go 5–1 up, but incredibly lost five frames in a row (during which Trump outscored him 395–37) to be defeated 5–6. He had a chance to exact revenge in the very next event as he met Trump again in the quarter-finals of the PTC Grand Final after eliminating Michael White and turning the tables on Shaun Murphy, but was beaten 2–4. However, Gould's good season ended with a surprise 6–10 loss to amateur Adam Duffy in the first round of World Championship qualifying.
2015/2016 season: First ranking event win
Gould's season began at the Australian Goldfields Open, where he beat Marco Fu 5–4, Michael Holt 5–3 and Matthew Selt 5–1. He then eased past Stephen Maguire 6–1 in the semi-finals to play in the second ranking event final of his career, in which he made two centuries and came back from 5–7 down to level John Higgins at 8–8. Gould had the first chance in the deciding frame, but could only score eight points as an 89 break from Higgins denied him the title. Gould qualified for the Shanghai Masters by beating Liam Highfield 5–2 in the final round of qualifying, and beat Barry Hawkins 5–1 in the last 32, before getting revenge on John Higgins for the defeat in Australia by beating him 5–3. He crashed out to Stuart Bingham 4–5 in the quarter-finals despite leading 4–2. Gould would also suffer disappointment at the UK Championship as he let a 5–1 lead slip against underdog David Grace in the quarter-finals, losing 5–6 after having several chances to close out the victory.
At the German Masters, Gould defeated Mark Williams 5–4 in the last 32, Ben Woollaston 5–0 in the last 16, Judd Trump 5–4 in the quarter-finals (after having suffered three close losses to him the previous season), Graeme Dott 6–2 in the semi-finals and Belgian Luca Brecel 9–5 in the final to win the first ranking title of his professional career. Gould lost in the final of the Gdynia Open 1–4 to Mark Selby. After being knocked out in the second round of the World Grand Prix by Shaun Murphy, Gould ended the season with three first round defeats, culminating with an 8–10 loss to Ding Junhui at the World Championship.
2016/2017 season
A run of failing to get past the third round of a ranking event in the 2016–17 season ended when Gould played in the 2017 German Masters. The defending champion beat Jamie Jones 5–0, Ricky Walden 5–3 and Ryan Day 5–2 to face Ali Carter in the semi-finals and he was defeated 2–6. The run gave Gould the final place for the World Grand Prix and he edged out Mark Selby 4–3, before losing 3–4 to Joe Perry. Gould won three matches to qualify for the World Championship and fell 2–7 behind John Higgins in the opening session of the first round. He threatened a fightback upon his return, but would be eliminated 6–10.
Performance and rankings timeline
Career finals
Ranking finals: 4 (1 title)
Minor-ranking finals: 5 (1 title)
Non-ranking finals: 6 (4 titles)
Team finals: 2
Amateur finals: 3 (2 titles)
Notes
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
Snooker players from London
People from Pinner
Sportspeople from the London Borough of Harrow |
Robert Nicholas McDonell (born February 18, 1984) is an American writer who has worked as a journalist, screenwriter, producer, novelist and researcher.
Personal life
McDonell was born in 1984 in New York City and raised there. McDonell attended the Buckley School, the Riverdale Country School, and graduated from Harvard College in January 2007. In June 2012, he received a graduate degree in International Relations from Oxford University.
His mother, Joanie, is a writer, and his father, Terry McDonell, is managing editor of Sports Illustrated. His brother is actor Thomas McDonell. His father was once managing editor of Rolling Stone, where Hunter S. Thompson was a contributing editor and a friend; Thompson gave a blurb to McDonell when Twelve was published, as did writers Richard Price and Joan Didion, both personal friends of the family. Morgan Entrekin, president and publisher of Grove/Atlantic, which published the book, is also a friend of the family.
Works
Twelve
McDonell wrote the novel Twelve in 2002, when he was 17. The subject of the novel is disaffection, despair, drug use and violence among a group of wealthy Manhattan teenagers during Winter break. The publication of the novel at such a young age was the subject of many articles in high-profile publications such The New Yorker and Entertainment Weekly.
Twelve has been translated into over twenty languages, was on all major American best-seller lists, UK bestseller lists and was number one on German bestseller lists. A motion picture adaptation of the same name was released in 2010. The film was directed by Joel Schumacher and starred Kiefer Sutherland and Chace Crawford.
The Third Brother
Also published in the UK and translated into many languages, Nick McDonell's second novel, The Third Brother (), was released in September 2005. The New York Times called it "a haunting tale of brotherly love."
Divided into three parts the first describes the 19-year-old protagonist Mike on a revelatory assignment in Bangkok. Mike is working for an old friend of his father. (McDonell himself interned for Karl Taro Greenfeld of Time Asia. Greenfeld later worked for McDonell's father at Sports Illustrated.)
The second part of the novel takes place on September 11, 2001, as Mike searches for his brother; in the final part Mike returns to college after tragedy strikes his family.
Guerre a Harvard
Published by Flammarion in 2008, this work recorded the reactions of university students from 2003 to 2008 to the Iraq War involving American armed forces.
An Expensive Education
With the publication in August 2009 of his third novel, An Expensive Education, reviewers compared McDonell to both Graham Greene and John le Carré. Amazon.com recommended the novel and all three of McDonell's books were praised in a profile which appeared in The New York Times on August 2, 2009. The review in The Washington Post on August 12, 2009, said: "Now 25, McDonell has reached an age at which it is not so freakish to write a good book which is fortunate because he has done it again." The review goes on to say, "As he's shown in his previous novels he can be a ruthless chronicler of America's aristocratic culture." And: "One of the fascinations of this novel is how effectively it tracks distant events that resonate with one another around the world."
The End of Major Combat Operations
Published in April 2010, McDonell's fourth book reports about the war in Iraq.
Green on Blue
A TIME e-book published in 2013 about the war in Afghanistan and numerous stark instances of American military casualties there. It was described as being reminiscent of Sebastian Junger and Jim Frederick.
White City
AMC, the cable television network, decided in 2015 to cancel production of this proposed television series from McDonell, Stephen Gaghan, Tom Freston, and John Dempsey. The AMC series was planned to be a fictional television series about expats in the capital city Kabul, Afghanistan during times of foreign military activity in the region based on McDonell and Dempsey's own experiences. McDonell was credited as a screenwriter and producer on this proposed television series. White City was already used as the name for other Hollywood projects in the past so the title of the series was deemed too confusing to television and film audiences. White City did not move forward because network executives viewed it as being too similar to concurrent Hollywood projects like the hit Showtime premium cable series Homeland, the popular FX cable series Tyrant, and NBC series State of Affairs. A lack of star power among the cast appearing in the pilot led to production being shut down without any episodes airing.
The Civilization of Perpetual Movement: Nomadism in World Politics
Arriving in April 2016, McDonell's book published by Hurst in the UK is a work of non-fiction examining the experiences of nomads in remote locations from Africa to Asia. McDonell has spent years researching and studying such peoples to understand their circumstances. He traveled all around the world for research to rural locations in developing countries such as the Rift Valley, Afghanistan and more.
The Bodies in Person
Published by Blue Rider Press in 2018, The Bodies in Person is subtitled An Account of Civilian Casualties in American Wars and has been written from many hours of oral history interviews with soldiers and others involved in wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
The Council of Animals
A short illustrated book about wild animals deciding the fate of humans in the face of climate change, The Council of Animals was published by Henry Holt and Co. in 2021.
Praise
New York Times book critic and Pulitzer Prize winner Michiko Kakutani described McDonell's debut novel Twelve as being "As fast as speed, as relentless as acid." Referring to his second book, Jennifer Egan in The New York Times Book Review wrote, "In The Third Brother, McDonell delivers another remarkable novel." The first pre-publication review of McDonell's third novel An Expensive Education, appeared in Publishers Weekly where it was compared to "le Carré's better works."
McDonell has also been acclaimed for his book La Guerre a Harvard published in France in 2009, and articles from Darfur for Harper's Magazine 2009, and for Time from Iraq.
References
External links
nickmcdonell.com – Official Website
1984 births
21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
American people of Jewish descent
Harvard College alumni
Living people
21st-century American male writers
Buckley School (New York City) alumni
Riverdale Country School alumni |
Turner v. Bank of North America, 4 U.S. (4 Dall.) 8 (1799), was a 1799 decision of the United States Supreme Court asserting that "[t]he 11th section of the Judiciary Act, (1 U. S. Stats. at Large, 78.) makes it necessary to state on the record the citizenship of the payee of a negotiable note sued on by an indorsee."
See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 4
References
External links
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Ellsworth Court
1799 in United States case law |
Zegzel is a town in Berkane Province, Oriental, Morocco. It's located in the Aït Iznasen mountains .
According to the 2004 census it has a population of 32,210.
References
Populated places in Berkane Province
Rural communes of Oriental (Morocco) |
```html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN'
'path_to_url
<html xmlns='path_to_url xml:lang='en' lang='en'>
<head>
<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'/>
<title>BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</title>
<link href='reno.css' type='text/css' rel='stylesheet'/>
</head>
<body>
<div class="body-0">
<div class="body-1">
<div class="body-2">
<div>
<h1>QVM: Quaternions, Vectors, Matrices</h1>
</div>
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url -->
<div class="RenoIncludeDIV"><div class="RenoAutoDIV"><h3>BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</h3>
</div>
<div class="RenoIncludeDIV"><p><span class="RenoEscape">#<!--<wiki>`#</wiki>--></span>include <<span class="RenoLink"><a href="boost_qvm_throw_exception_hpp.html">boost/qvm/throw_exception.hpp</a></span>></p>
<div class="RenoIncludeDIV"><pre>#ifndef <span class="RenoLink">BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</span>
#include <span class="RenoLink"><a href="www.boost.org/doc/libs/release/libs/exception/doc/boost_throw_exception_hpp.html"><boost/throw_exception.hpp></a></span>
#define <span class="RenoLink">BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</span> <span class="RenoLink"><a href="path_to_url">BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION</a></span>
#endif</pre>
</div></div><p>This macro is used whenever Boost QVM throws an exception. Users who override the standard <span class="RenoLink">BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</span> behavior must ensure that when invoked, the substituted implementation does not return control to the caller. Below is a list of all QVM functions that invoke <span class="RenoLink">BOOST_QVM_THROW_EXCEPTION</span>:</p>
<div class="RenoPageList"><a href="inverse_mat_.html">inverse(mat)</a><br/>
<a href="inverse_quat_.html">inverse(quat)</a><br/>
<a href="normalize_quat_.html">normalize(quat)</a><br/>
<a href="normalize_vec_.html">normalize(vec)</a><br/>
<a href="normalized_quat_.html">normalized(quat)</a><br/>
<a href="normalized_vec_.html">normalized(vec)</a><br/>
<a href="rot_mat.html">rot_mat</a><br/>
<a href="rot_quat.html">rot_quat</a></div>
</div><div class="RenoAutoDIV"><div class="RenoHR"><hr/></div>
See also: <span class="RenoPageList"><a href="boost_qvm_throw_exception_hpp.html">boost/qvm/throw_exception.hpp</a></span>
</div>
<div class="RenoAutoDIV"><div class="RenoHR"><hr/></div>
See also: <span class="RenoPageList"><a href="boost_qvm_throw_exception_hpp.html">boost/qvm/throw_exception.hpp</a></span>
</div>
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url -->
<div id="footer">
<p>
<a class="logo" href="path_to_url"><img class="logo_pic" src="valid-css.png" alt="Valid CSS" height="31" width="88"/></a>
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``` |
The Capuchin Friary in Crest in Drôme, France, is a Capuchin convent.
The convent was established in 1609 in the former Benedictine priory of Crest. A small community of twelve friars lived there, following the contemplative life which that branch of the Franciscans had developed to revive. They followed a routine of prayer and study, as well as conducting preaching missions to the people of the surrounding towns and villages. The friars nursed the sick during a plague which struck the town in 1628, and carried off one-third of the townsfolk.
A school for boys was established by the friars in 1682, which they maintained till 1712. The community of friars was suppressed during the French Revolution and the friary was confiscated by the town in 1791 and sold off two years later.
The building was returned to the order in 1820. The friars were expelled once again in 1903 under the anticlerical laws in France, then in force under the Third Republic, but they were able to return in 1920. At that point, they established it as a seminary dedicated to the special preparation for their overseas mission fields in Syria and Central Africa.
Armand-François-Marie de Charbonnel, OFMCap, (1802-1891), a former Bishop of Toronto, Canada, lived here in his retirement and is buried in the friary church. Currently (2010), it is occupied by a small community of retired friars.
Sources
The Capuchin community in Crest, in history and today
Buildings and structures in Drôme
Capuchin friaries
Benedictine monasteries in France
Franciscan monasteries in France |
Robert W. Peterson (January 18, 1929 – April 18, 2013) was an U.S. politician serving as a public servant and politician from North Dakota. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the North Dakota State Auditor from 1973 to 1996. Prior to his tenure as Auditor, he served in the North Dakota House of Representatives from 1967 to 1972. His son, Robert R. Peterson, was his successor as State Auditor; he began serving in 1997.
Biography
Peterson was born in Williston, North Dakota. He was the eldest of four boys born to Carsten and Clara (Solfest) Peterson. He was a graduate of Williston High School (1947), Concordia College, and the University of North Dakota with a master's degree in business administration. He served in the U.S. Army (1951–1953) . He was a teacher and coach from 1953 to 1963 at Alamo, ND. In 1963, Bob coached the Williston High School boys' basketball team to a North Dakota state championship.
He became involved in politics when he was elected to the North Dakota House of Representatives in 1966, and he served in that capacity until 1973 when he was elected as North Dakota State Auditor. He did not seek re-election to the position in 1996, and his son ran for and won the open seat.
He was married to Beverly Henning in 1950 at Fargo, ND. They had four children; Robert, Gary, Sonya, and Mark. Peterson died on April 18, 2013, in Bismarck.
References
2013 deaths
1929 births
North Dakota State Auditors
University of North Dakota alumni
Republican Party members of the North Dakota House of Representatives
People from Williston, North Dakota
American Lutherans
American people of Norwegian descent
20th-century Lutherans |
Kumzits (קומזיץ) is used to describe a musical gathering that Jews partake in. Everyone sits together, be it on the floor or on chairs, and sings spiritually moving songs. In order to establish a certain ambiance the lighting is often low and candles are primarily used, or if taking place outdoors it is usually around a campfire.
If it is not the Jewish Sabbath then there will usually be musical instruments, such as guitar or violin. An orator will usually tell short inspirational folk-stories between songs.
Among Slonimer Chassidim, a similar gathering is called a "zitzen", which is Yiddish for “sitting”, is conducted by the Chassidim after the Rebbe’s Tish, without the presence of the Rebbe.
It is a compound word in Yiddish composed of קום (come) and זיץ (sit). Originally the word was coined by the Biluim. Despite the opposition of some who preferred to use the more distinctly Hebrew שב-נא Shev-na "please sit" or Persian/Arabic טוזיג “Tozig” (via the Talmud), the word has stuck and is used mainly by the religious but sometimes also the secular public.
Times
Often, a kumzits will take place after the Sabbath, and as such some erroneously use the term interchangeably with Melava Malka. When a kumzits takes place Friday night, it is often called an "oneg shabbos" (a Hebrew phrase meaning "Sabbath pleasure"). Kumzits are also popular among campers.
Songs
Generally, slow, moving songs are sung during a kumzitz. Songs composed by Shlomo Carlebach are very popular, as well as songs by the more recent Jewish singing groups such as Dveykus and Zusha. If the kumzits takes place on Shabbat, songs with a Sabbath theme can be sung. If the kumzits is held on Rosh Chodesh or near the date of another Jewish holiday, songs associated with that holiday can be sung. Here is a partial list of the more popular kumzits songs:
Rachem Buchasdecho (MBD)
Kad Yasvun Yisroel
V'atah Bunim Shiru Lamelech (Yeedle)
Achas Sha'alti Mei'eis Ha-shem
Shifchi Kamayim Leebeich (Carlebach)
Gut (Dudi Knopfler)
Na'ar Hayeesee Gam Zakanti
Ani Ma'amin Be'emuna Sh'leima...Bevias Hamashiach
Lashem Haaretz (Yitzchak Fuchs)
Al Tira Ki Ya'ashir Ish
Al Tira Mipachad Pis'om
Vuatem Hadvekim... (Baruch Chait)
Chamol... (Yigal Calek)
Rachem B'chasdecha Al Amcha Tzureinu
Acheinu Kol Beis Yisroel (Abie Rotenberg & Doody Rosenberg)
Hamalach... (Doody Rosenberg)
Eelan Bama Avarechicha (Abie Rotenberg)
Kol Haolam Kulo Gesher Tzar Me'od
Tov Lehodos Lashem
Vezakeini Legadel (Boruch Levine)
Mee Ha'ish Hachafetz Chaim (Baruch Chait)
Bilvavi Mishkan Evneh
L'ma'an Achai V'rei'ai (Carlebach, popularized in English as Because of My Brothers and Friends)
Unuh Hashem Kee Anee Avd'chu
L'mikdashech Tuv
Pischu Li Sha'arei Tzedek (Carlebach)
Barcheinu Aveenu Kulanu K'echad (Carlebach)
Gam Kee Eileich B'gei Tzalmaves
Yehee Shalom B'cheileich
In A Vinkeleh Shteit (Abie Rotenberg)
Lulei Sorascha Sha'ashu'ai (Carlebach)
Eliyahu Hanavee (Carlebach)
Hadran (Hillel Kapnick)
Im Eshkacheich Yerushalayim (Carlebach)
Tov L'Eodoth (Yaakov Shwekey)
Oid Yaishvu (MBD)
We are the Champions (Queen)
References
Yiddish words and phrases
Meetings |
Worst case analysis was, from 1978 until 1986, a doctrine under which mandated that an environmental impact statement include such an analysis:
It led to a 1989 SCOTUS decision, written by John Paul Stevens and reported in Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council, after a decision by GOODWIN and FERGUSON, STEPHENS to reverse the Federal District Court of Oregon ruling that the Regional Forester did not violate any laws when he issued a special use permit for a ski resort development in a roadless area in Okanogan National Forest in Washington state.
The Rehnquist Court concluded
References
Environmental science
Environmental law in the United States
Environmental impact assessment
Environmental impact in the United States |
The Women's downhill competition of the Innsbruck 1976 Olympics was held at Axamer Lizum on Sunday, 8 February.
The defending world champion was Annemarie Moser-Pröll of Austria, who was also the defending World Cup downhill champion, but spent this year away from racing to care for her ailing father; Switzerland's Bernadette Zurbriggen led the current season. Defending Olympic champion Marie-Theres Nadig was entered in the race but did not start.
Rosi Mittermaier won the gold medal, Brigitte Totschnig of Austria took the silver, and Cindy Nelson of the United States was the bronze medalist. Mittermaier also won the slalom and was the runner-up in the giant slalom.
The starting gate was at an elevation of above sea level, with a vertical drop of . The course length was and Mittermaier's winning run of 106.16 seconds resulted in an average speed of , with an average vertical descent rate of .
Results
Sunday, February 8, 1976
References
Women's downhill
Alp
Oly
Women's downhill |
Tomás Soares Dabó (born 20 October 1993) is a Bissau-Guinean professional footballer who plays as a right back.
Club career
Born in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, Dabó finished his formation with S.C. Braga. He made his professional debut with their reserves on 11 August 2012, in a 2–2 second division away draw against S.L. Benfica B where he featured the full 90 minutes.
Dabó played his first match in the Primeira Liga on 26 August 2013, again starting in a 2–1 home win over C.F. Os Belenenses. After leaving the Minho Province, he was sparingly played over two seasons at fellow league team F.C. Arouca.
Dabó settled rarely in the following years, representing in quick succession S.C. Farense (Portuguese third level), FC Dacia Chișinău (Moldovan National Division), FC Metaloglobus București (Romanian Liga II), F.C. Rieti (Italian Serie C) and ŠKF Sereď (Slovak Super Liga).
International career
Dabó represented Portugal at the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Turkey, playing in the 2–2 group stage draw against South Korea as the tournament ended in round-of-16 exit. In 2014, he was called by the Guinea-Bissau national team.
Dabó was selected for the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations by manager Baciro Candé, even though he did not have a club at the time. He earned his first cap on 14 January in the group stage opener, playing the full 90 minutes in a 1–1 draw against Gabon.
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Bissau-Guinean emigrants to Portugal
Portuguese people of Bissau-Guinean descent
Footballers from Bissau
Bissau-Guinean men's footballers
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Campeonato de Portugal (league) players
S.C. Braga B players
S.C. Braga players
F.C. Arouca players
S.C. Farense players
Moldovan Super Liga players
FC Dacia Chișinău players
Liga II players
FC Metaloglobus București players
Serie C players
FC Rieti players
Slovak First Football League players
ŠKF Sereď players
Portugal men's youth international footballers
Guinea-Bissau men's international footballers
2017 Africa Cup of Nations players
2019 Africa Cup of Nations players
Bissau-Guinean expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Moldova
Expatriate men's footballers in Romania
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Moldova
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia |
Stephen Stanley Sternberg (July 30, 1920 – May 12, 2021) was an American surgical pathologist, who worked at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center for his entire career.
He was well known because of his editorship of two widely used reference books in anatomical pathology (Diagnostic Surgical Pathology [now Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology] and Histology for Pathologists). He was also the founding Editor-in-Chief of The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, a position he held for 24 years, and an expert in colorectal neoplasia.
Biography
Sternberg was a native of Queens, New York, and was educated at Colby College, Waterville, Maine (B.S., class of 1941) and New York University School of Medicine (M.D., class of 1947). He subsequently completed postgraduate training in pathology at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, LA and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Dr. Sternberg joined the attending staff of the latter institution in 1951, and rose through the ranks of the Cornell University faculty to become Professor of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics.
He died in May 2021 at the age of 100.
Research
In addition to his work in hospital-based surgical pathology, Dr. Sternberg had a prolific career as an experimental pathologist. His research topics included the toxicity of antineoplastic agents in laboratory animals, and the carcinogenic potential of selected chemical compounds in vertebrate organisms.
Work as a Consultant
Dr. Sternberg has been an advisor or consultant to several national and international medical organizations. Those include the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; the U.S. Food & Drug Administration; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; the World Health Organization; the New York Science Policy Association; the American Council on Health & Science; the National Science Foundation; the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation; and the Dutch Cancer Society.
References
1920 births
2021 deaths
American centenarians
American male writers
American pathologists
Colby College alumni
Men centenarians
Physicians from Queens, New York
Scientists from New York (state) |
Rafael Luiz Santos Radwan da Costa (born 9 May 2002), known as Rafael Luiz or just Rafael, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an right-back for Ferroviária.
Career statistics
Club
References
2002 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazil men's youth international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Sport Club do Recife players
Cruzeiro Esporte Clube players
Associação Ferroviária de Esportes players
Red Bull Bragantino players
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro (city) |
Francis Chukwuemeka Eze is a Nigerian physicist and researcher. He was the vice chancellor of Federal University of Technology, Owerri.
He is a recipient of the Commonwealth Academy Staff Scholarship award, Association Commonwealth Universities, London, 1983; grantee, International Committee Science Unions, India, 1995. Member of Nigerian University Physics Series (secretary since 2002), Nigerian Institute Physics.
Background
Eze was born on October 13, 1956, in Onitsha, Anambra, Nigeria, to the family of Clement Diwoha and Grace Martha Ezejimadu.
Education
Bachelor of Science in Physics with honors, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 1980.
Doctor of Philosophy in Solid State Physics and Materials Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 1994.
Master of Science with honors, University of Dundee, Scotland, 1984.
Bachelor of Science in Physics with honors, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 1980.
Career
Eze's lecturing career began in 1981 at Federal University of Technology, Auchi. He became a full professor of physics in 2003, and was elected as vice chancellor of Federal University of Technology, Owerri in 2016, after serving in various administrative positions in the school. Prior to that, he had been appointed a reader in physics at the Federal University of Technology, Owerri on October 1, 1999
Eze has been a professor of physics at the School of Physical Sciences (formerly part of School of Science), Federal University of Technology, Owerri since 1 October 2003. He defeated an incumbent Dean for the first time in the history of FUTO and has served as a two-term elected dean, School of Science. He served as deputy vice-chancellor (administration) of FUTO, September 13, 2013, to 2016. Eze has over 31 years of university teaching, research and administrative experience spread over seven universities both within and outside Nigeria, within which time he supervised and examined over 300 research projects at B.Sc/B. Tech, M.Sc. and PhD levels. Eze is very active in quality research in experiential solid-state physics and materials science, thin solid films, renewable energy and corrosion inhibition using local herb extracts. He has served as a physics consultant to the International Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO) technical committee. He has also served on the technical committee on developing curricula for postgraduate training in nuclear science and engineering sponsored by NAEC. He also served as a physics consultant to Singaporean writing team on producing and ICT-illustrated Physics textbook – The New System Physics.
Following the end of his tenure as vice-chancellor of FUTO, he handed over to Professor Nnenna Nnannaya Oti who resumed office as the 8th vice-chancellor of the institution on 19 June 2021.
Memberships
Member of Nigerian University Physics Series (secretary since 2002), Nigerian Institute Physics.
Council member of the Nigerian Institute of Physics and the Nigerian Physics Writers Creation.
Two-term elected Chairman, Physics Writer Creation 2010-2014.
Fellow of the Solar Energy Society of Nigeria (FSESN.
Fellow of the Nigerian Institute of Physics (FNIP).
Fellow of the Institute of Industrial Administration of Nigeria (FIIAN)
Member of the New York Academy of Sciences.
Member of the American Physical Society
Member of the Institute of Physics (London)
Works
In a 2017 published paper, titled Characteristics of Nanocrystallite-CdS Produced by Low-Cost Electrochemical Technique for Thin Film Photovoltaic Application: The Influence of Deposition Voltage, Eze studied the characteristics of five nanocrystallite-CdS thin films within a timed environment. The X-ray results showed the shapes and thickness of the crystallite. Further analysis also discusses the behavior of factions of the findings.
References
Living people
Nigerian academic administrators
Igbo academics
Vice-Chancellors of Federal University of Technology Owerri
1956 births
Academic staff of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University
Alumni of the University of Dundee |
```swift
//
// Emitter.swift
// Yams
//
// Created by Norio Nomura on 12/28/16.
//
#if SWIFT_PACKAGE
@_implementationOnly import CYaml
#endif
import Foundation
/// Produce a YAML string from objects.
///
/// - parameter objects: Sequence of Objects.
/// - parameter canonical: Output should be the "canonical" format as in the YAML specification.
/// - parameter indent: The indentation increment.
/// - parameter width: The preferred line width. @c -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed if true.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: YAML version directive.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Whether or not to sort Mapping keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: The style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: The style for mappings (dictionaries)
///
/// - returns: YAML string.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError`.
public func dump<Objects>(
objects: Objects,
canonical: Bool = false,
indent: Int = 0,
width: Int = 0,
allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: Emitter.LineBreak = .ln,
explicitStart: Bool = false,
explicitEnd: Bool = false,
version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false,
sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any,
newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) throws -> String
where Objects: Sequence {
func representable(from object: Any) throws -> NodeRepresentable {
if let representable = object as? NodeRepresentable {
return representable
}
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "\(object) does not conform to NodeRepresentable!")
}
let nodes = try objects.map(representable(from:)).map { try $0.represented() }
return try serialize(
nodes: nodes,
canonical: canonical,
indent: indent,
width: width,
allowUnicode: allowUnicode,
lineBreak: lineBreak,
explicitStart: explicitStart,
explicitEnd: explicitEnd,
version: version,
sortKeys: sortKeys,
sequenceStyle: sequenceStyle,
mappingStyle: mappingStyle,
newLineScalarStyle: newLineScalarStyle
)
}
/// Produce a YAML string from an object.
///
/// - parameter object: Object.
/// - parameter canonical: Output should be the "canonical" format as in the YAML specification.
/// - parameter indent: The indentation increment.
/// - parameter width: The preferred line width. @c -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed if true.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: YAML version directive.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Whether or not to sort Mapping keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: The style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: The style for mappings (dictionaries)
///
/// - returns: YAML string.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError`.
public func dump(
object: Any?,
canonical: Bool = false,
indent: Int = 0,
width: Int = 0,
allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: Emitter.LineBreak = .ln,
explicitStart: Bool = false,
explicitEnd: Bool = false,
version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false,
sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any,
newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) throws -> String {
return try serialize(
node: object.represented(),
canonical: canonical,
indent: indent,
width: width,
allowUnicode: allowUnicode,
lineBreak: lineBreak,
explicitStart: explicitStart,
explicitEnd: explicitEnd,
version: version,
sortKeys: sortKeys,
sequenceStyle: sequenceStyle,
mappingStyle: mappingStyle,
newLineScalarStyle: newLineScalarStyle
)
}
/// Produce a YAML string from a `Node`.
///
/// - parameter nodes: Sequence of `Node`s.
/// - parameter canonical: Output should be the "canonical" format as in the YAML specification.
/// - parameter indent: The indentation increment.
/// - parameter width: The preferred line width. @c -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed if true.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: YAML version directive.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Whether or not to sort Mapping keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: The style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: The style for mappings (dictionaries)
///
/// - returns: YAML string.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError`.
public func serialize<Nodes>(
nodes: Nodes,
canonical: Bool = false,
indent: Int = 0,
width: Int = 0,
allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: Emitter.LineBreak = .ln,
explicitStart: Bool = false,
explicitEnd: Bool = false,
version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false,
sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any,
newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) throws -> String
where Nodes: Sequence, Nodes.Iterator.Element == Node {
let emitter = Emitter(
canonical: canonical,
indent: indent,
width: width,
allowUnicode: allowUnicode,
lineBreak: lineBreak,
explicitStart: explicitStart,
explicitEnd: explicitEnd,
version: version,
sortKeys: sortKeys,
sequenceStyle: sequenceStyle,
mappingStyle: mappingStyle,
newLineScalarStyle: newLineScalarStyle
)
try emitter.open()
try nodes.forEach(emitter.serialize)
try emitter.close()
return String(data: emitter.data, encoding: .utf8)!
}
/// Produce a YAML string from a `Node`.
///
/// - parameter node: `Node`.
/// - parameter canonical: Output should be the "canonical" format as in the YAML specification.
/// - parameter indent: The indentation increment.
/// - parameter width: The preferred line width. @c -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed if true.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: YAML version directive.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Whether or not to sort Mapping keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: The style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: The style for mappings (dictionaries)
///
/// - returns: YAML string.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError`.
public func serialize(
node: Node,
canonical: Bool = false,
indent: Int = 0,
width: Int = 0,
allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: Emitter.LineBreak = .ln,
explicitStart: Bool = false,
explicitEnd: Bool = false,
version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false,
sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any,
newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) throws -> String {
return try serialize(
nodes: [node],
canonical: canonical,
indent: indent,
width: width,
allowUnicode: allowUnicode,
lineBreak: lineBreak,
explicitStart: explicitStart,
explicitEnd: explicitEnd,
version: version,
sortKeys: sortKeys,
sequenceStyle: sequenceStyle,
mappingStyle: mappingStyle,
newLineScalarStyle: newLineScalarStyle
)
}
/// Class responsible for emitting libYAML events.
public final class Emitter {
/// Line break options to use when emitting YAML.
public enum LineBreak {
/// Use CR for line breaks (Mac style).
case cr
/// Use LN for line breaks (Unix style).
case ln
/// Use CR LN for line breaks (DOS style).
case crln
}
/// Retrieve this Emitter's binary output.
public internal(set) var data = Data()
/// Configuration options to use when emitting YAML.
public struct Options {
/// Set if the output should be in the "canonical" format described in the YAML specification.
public var canonical: Bool = false
/// Set the indentation value.
public var indent: Int = 0
/// Set the preferred line width. -1 means unlimited.
public var width: Int = 0
/// Set if unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed.
public var allowUnicode: Bool = false
/// Set the preferred line break.
public var lineBreak: LineBreak = .ln
// internal since we don't know if these should be exposed.
var explicitStart: Bool = false
var explicitEnd: Bool = false
/// The `%YAML` directive value or nil.
public var version: (major: Int, minor: Int)?
/// Set if emitter should sort keys in lexicographic order.
public var sortKeys: Bool = false
/// Set the style for sequences (arrays / lists)
public var sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any
/// Set the style for mappings (dictionaries)
public var mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any
/// Set the style for scalars that include newlines
public var newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any
}
/// Configuration options to use when emitting YAML.
public var options: Options {
didSet {
applyOptionsToEmitter()
}
}
/// Create an `Emitter` with the specified options.
///
/// - parameter canonical: Set if the output should be in the "canonical" format described in the YAML
/// specification.
/// - parameter indent: Set the indentation value.
/// - parameter width: Set the preferred line width. -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Set if unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Set the preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: The `%YAML` directive value or nil.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Set if emitter should sort keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: Set the style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: Set the style for mappings (dictionaries)
public init(canonical: Bool = false,
indent: Int = 0,
width: Int = 0,
allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: LineBreak = .ln,
explicitStart: Bool = false,
explicitEnd: Bool = false,
version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false,
sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any,
newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) {
options = Options(canonical: canonical,
indent: indent,
width: width,
allowUnicode: allowUnicode,
lineBreak: lineBreak,
explicitStart: explicitStart,
explicitEnd: explicitEnd,
version: version,
sortKeys: sortKeys,
sequenceStyle: sequenceStyle,
mappingStyle: mappingStyle,
newLineScalarStyle: newLineScalarStyle)
// configure emitter
yaml_emitter_initialize(&emitter)
yaml_emitter_set_output(&self.emitter, { pointer, buffer, size in
guard let buffer = buffer else { return 0 }
let emitter = unsafeBitCast(pointer, to: Emitter.self)
emitter.data.append(buffer, count: size)
return 1
}, unsafeBitCast(self, to: UnsafeMutableRawPointer.self))
applyOptionsToEmitter()
yaml_emitter_set_encoding(&emitter, YAML_UTF8_ENCODING)
}
deinit {
yaml_emitter_delete(&emitter)
}
/// Open & initialize the emitter.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError` if the `Emitter` was already opened or closed.
public func open() throws {
switch state {
case .initialized:
var event = yaml_event_t()
yaml_stream_start_event_initialize(&event, YAML_UTF8_ENCODING)
try emit(&event)
state = .opened
case .opened:
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "serializer is already opened")
case .closed:
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "serializer is closed")
}
}
/// Close the `Emitter.`
///
/// - throws: `YamlError` if the `Emitter` hasn't yet been initialized.
public func close() throws {
switch state {
case .initialized:
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "serializer is not opened")
case .opened:
var event = yaml_event_t()
yaml_stream_end_event_initialize(&event)
try emit(&event)
state = .closed
case .closed:
break // do nothing
}
}
/// Ingest a `Node` to include when emitting the YAML output.
///
/// - parameter node: The `Node` to serialize.
///
/// - throws: `YamlError` if the `Emitter` hasn't yet been opened or has been closed.
public func serialize(node: Node) throws {
switch state {
case .initialized:
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "serializer is not opened")
case .opened:
break
case .closed:
throw YamlError.emitter(problem: "serializer is closed")
}
var event = yaml_event_t()
if let (major, minor) = options.version {
var versionDirective = yaml_version_directive_t(major: Int32(major), minor: Int32(minor))
// TODO: Support tags
yaml_document_start_event_initialize(&event, &versionDirective, nil, nil, options.explicitStart ? 0 : 1)
} else {
// TODO: Support tags
yaml_document_start_event_initialize(&event, nil, nil, nil, options.explicitStart ? 0 : 1)
}
try emit(&event)
try serializeNode(node)
yaml_document_end_event_initialize(&event, options.explicitEnd ? 0 : 1)
try emit(&event)
}
// MARK: Private
private var emitter = yaml_emitter_t()
private enum State { case initialized, opened, closed }
private var state: State = .initialized
private func applyOptionsToEmitter() {
yaml_emitter_set_canonical(&emitter, options.canonical ? 1 : 0)
yaml_emitter_set_indent(&emitter, Int32(options.indent))
yaml_emitter_set_width(&emitter, Int32(options.width))
yaml_emitter_set_unicode(&emitter, options.allowUnicode ? 1 : 0)
switch options.lineBreak {
case .cr: yaml_emitter_set_break(&emitter, YAML_CR_BREAK)
case .ln: yaml_emitter_set_break(&emitter, YAML_LN_BREAK)
case .crln: yaml_emitter_set_break(&emitter, YAML_CRLN_BREAK)
}
}
}
// MARK: - Options Initializer
extension Emitter.Options {
/// Create `Emitter.Options` with the specified values.
///
/// - parameter canonical: Set if the output should be in the "canonical" format described in the YAML
/// specification.
/// - parameter indent: Set the indentation value.
/// - parameter width: Set the preferred line width. -1 means unlimited.
/// - parameter allowUnicode: Set if unescaped non-ASCII characters are allowed.
/// - parameter lineBreak: Set the preferred line break.
/// - parameter explicitStart: Explicit document start `---`.
/// - parameter explicitEnd: Explicit document end `...`.
/// - parameter version: The `%YAML` directive value or nil.
/// - parameter sortKeys: Set if emitter should sort keys in lexicographic order.
/// - parameter sequenceStyle: Set the style for sequences (arrays / lists)
/// - parameter mappingStyle: Set the style for mappings (dictionaries)
public init(canonical: Bool = false, indent: Int = 0, width: Int = 0, allowUnicode: Bool = false,
lineBreak: Emitter.LineBreak = .ln, version: (major: Int, minor: Int)? = nil,
sortKeys: Bool = false, sequenceStyle: Node.Sequence.Style = .any,
mappingStyle: Node.Mapping.Style = .any, newLineScalarStyle: Node.Scalar.Style = .any) {
self.canonical = canonical
self.indent = indent
self.width = width
self.allowUnicode = allowUnicode
self.lineBreak = lineBreak
self.version = version
self.sortKeys = sortKeys
self.sequenceStyle = sequenceStyle
self.mappingStyle = mappingStyle
self.newLineScalarStyle = newLineScalarStyle
}
}
// MARK: Implementation Details
extension Emitter {
private func emit(_ event: UnsafeMutablePointer<yaml_event_t>) throws {
guard yaml_emitter_emit(&emitter, event) == 1 else {
throw YamlError(from: emitter)
}
}
private func serializeNode(_ node: Node) throws {
switch node {
case .scalar(let scalar): try serializeScalar(scalar)
case .sequence(let sequence): try serializeSequence(sequence)
case .mapping(let mapping): try serializeMapping(mapping)
}
}
private func serializeScalar(_ scalar: Node.Scalar) throws {
var value = scalar.string.utf8CString, tag = scalar.resolvedTag.name.rawValue.utf8CString
let scalarStyle = yaml_scalar_style_t(rawValue: numericCast(scalar.style.rawValue))
var event = yaml_event_t()
_ = value.withUnsafeMutableBytes { value in
tag.withUnsafeMutableBytes { tag in
yaml_scalar_event_initialize(
&event,
nil,
tag.baseAddress?.assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self),
value.baseAddress?.assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self),
Int32(value.count - 1),
1,
1,
scalarStyle)
}
}
try emit(&event)
}
private func serializeSequence(_ sequence: Node.Sequence) throws {
var tag = sequence.resolvedTag.name.rawValue.utf8CString
let implicit: Int32 = sequence.tag.name == .seq ? 1 : 0
let sequenceStyle = yaml_sequence_style_t(rawValue: numericCast(sequence.style.rawValue))
var event = yaml_event_t()
_ = tag.withUnsafeMutableBytes { tag in
yaml_sequence_start_event_initialize(
&event,
nil,
tag.baseAddress?.assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self),
implicit,
sequenceStyle)
}
try emit(&event)
try sequence.forEach(self.serializeNode)
yaml_sequence_end_event_initialize(&event)
try emit(&event)
}
private func serializeMapping(_ mapping: Node.Mapping) throws {
var tag = mapping.resolvedTag.name.rawValue.utf8CString
let implicit: Int32 = mapping.tag.name == .map ? 1 : 0
let mappingStyle = yaml_mapping_style_t(rawValue: numericCast(mapping.style.rawValue))
var event = yaml_event_t()
_ = tag.withUnsafeMutableBytes { tag in
yaml_mapping_start_event_initialize(
&event,
nil,
tag.baseAddress?.assumingMemoryBound(to: UInt8.self),
implicit,
mappingStyle)
}
try emit(&event)
if options.sortKeys {
try mapping.keys.sorted().forEach {
try self.serializeNode($0)
try self.serializeNode(mapping[$0]!) // swiftlint:disable:this force_unwrapping
}
} else {
try mapping.forEach {
try self.serializeNode($0.key)
try self.serializeNode($0.value)
}
}
yaml_mapping_end_event_initialize(&event)
try emit(&event)
}
}
// swiftlint:disable:this file_length
``` |
Juan Ramón López Muñiz (born 2 November 1968) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a central defender, currently a manager.
Playing career
Muñiz was born in Gijón, Asturias. During his playing days, he represented hometown club Sporting de Gijón (making his first-team debut in the 1991–92 season, at already 23), Rayo Vallecano – scoring four goals from 40 appearances during 1998–99, which granted the Madrid side La Liga promotion via the playoffs even though they finished fifth – and CD Numancia.
Muñiz retired at the end of the 2001–02 campaign at the age of 33, as the team from Soria could only finish in 17th position in Segunda División. In 11 years as a professional, he appeared in 332 games and scored ten times (234 matches and six goals in the top flight).
Coaching career
Muñiz started as an assistant manager at Málaga in 2003, under Juande Ramos. His first head coach experience arrived in early 2006 with lowly UD Marbella, and he subsequently returned to Málaga as the main manager for two seasons, achieving a runner-up place in 2008 and thus promoting the Andalusians to the top tier after a two-year hiatus.
In July 2008, Muñiz switched to fellow league team Racing de Santander. At the season's end, he was released from contract and promptly returned to Málaga, replacing Antonio Tapia who took over relegated neighbours Real Betis.
In late June 2010, after leading Málaga to the 17th position, last above the relegation zone, Muñiz was sacked. Shortly after, he rejoined Ramos at FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk.
Muñiz was appointed AD Alcorcón manager on 8 June 2015, after four years in Ukraine. Roughly one year later, he signed with fellow division two club Levante UD, achieving promotion at the first attempt as champions.
On 20 June 2018, Muñiz returned to Málaga for a third spell after agreeing to a two-year contract. He was dismissed the following 14 April, following a 1–2 home loss against Extremadura UD.
On 5 July 2020, after more than a year without a club, Muñiz took charge of Deportivo Alavés in the top division until the end of the campaign.
Managerial statistics
Honours
Levante
Segunda División: 2016–17
Individual
Miguel Muñoz Trophy (Segunda División): 2016–17
References
External links
1968 births
Living people
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Gijón
Men's association football defenders
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Sporting de Gijón B players
CD Izarra footballers
Sporting de Gijón players
Rayo Vallecano players
CD Numancia players
Spanish football managers
La Liga managers
Segunda División managers
Segunda División B managers
Málaga CF managers
Racing de Santander managers
AD Alcorcón managers
Levante UD managers
Deportivo Alavés managers
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine |
Siddins Point () is a point projecting into the middle of the head of Hero Bay on the north coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1958 for Captain Richard Siddins, Master of the Australian sealer Lynx of Sydney, who visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820-21 and 1821–22. Until 2011 the name was incorrectly spelt 'Siddons Point'.
Maps
L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009.
References
Siddins Point. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
Headlands of Livingston Island |
Dashtelah-ye Sofla (, also Romanized as Dashtelah-ye Soflá) is a village in Qarah Su Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 13 families.
References
Populated places in Kermanshah County |
Võikvere is a village in Jõgeva Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia.
References
Villages in Jõgeva County |
Abraham ben Isaac of Granada also Abraham Merimon was a Kabbalist of the thirteenth century.
Works
Abraham wrote:
A work on the Kabbala, under the title of Sefer ha-Berit. This is quoted by Moses Botarel in the introduction to his commentary on the Sefer Yeẓirah, which passage contains a reference to Maimonides' Moreh.
Another work on the Kabbala, under the title Berit Menuḥah, valued highly by Isaac Luria for its profound comments. Its language, as well as the manner in which Simon ben Yohai is introduced as speaker, shows striking resemblance to the Zohar, and it may be that the author had a larger version of the Zohar before him than is now extant. Unlike the Zohar however, Berit Menuḥah is primarily focused on practical Kabbalah and the powers of divine names.
A work entitled Megalle ha-Ta'alumot, quoted by the author in the work previously mentioned.
Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography
Adolf Jellinek, Auswahl Kabbalistischer Mystik, i.9 (German part);
Heimann Joseph Michael, Or ha-Ḥayyim, No. 146;
Isaac ben Jacob Benjacob, Oẓar ha-Sefarim, pp. 84, 86, 292.
References
Kabbalists
Clergy from Granada
13th-century rabbis in al-Andalus
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown |
Mark Maiorana (born November 8, 1956) is a former member of the Arizona House of Representatives. He served in the House from January 1999 through January 2003, serving district 8. After redistricting in 2002, heran for re-election in District 25, but lost in the Democrat primary to Manuel V. Alvarez and Bobby Lugo.
References
Democratic Party members of the Arizona House of Representatives
1956 births
Living people |
Newtonian refers to the work of Isaac Newton, in particular:
Newtonian mechanics, i.e. classical mechanics
Newtonian telescope, a type of reflecting telescope
Newtonian cosmology
Newtonian dynamics
Newtonianism, the philosophical principle of applying Newton's methods in a variety of fields
Newtonian fluid, a fluid that flows like water—its shear stress is linearly proportional to the velocity gradient in the direction perpendicular to the plane of shear
Non-Newtonian fluids, in which the viscosity changes with the applied shear force
Supplementary material
List of things named after Isaac Newton |
This is a list of local nature reserves (LNR) in North Yorkshire. The list accounts for the post-1974 area of North Yorkshire, and includes the local authority areas of Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland as well as the City of York. As such, it includes areas in places such as Harrogate, that prior to 1974, were in the historic county of the West Riding of Yorkshire.
Local nature reserves (LNRs) are designated by local authorities under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The local authority must have a legal control over the site, by owning or leasing it or having an agreement with the owner. LNRs are sites which have a special local interest either biologically or geologically, and local authorities have a duty to care for them. They can apply local bye-laws to manage and protect LNRs. As of May 2018, North Yorkshire has 18 designated local nature reserves.
Sites
Notes
References
External links
LNR List for North Yorkshire
Nature reserves in North Yorkshire
National nature reserves in England
North Yorkshire-related lists
North Yorkshire |
Mahmut Nedim [Hendek] (1880; Caucasus - April 21, 1920; Hendek) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army.
Medals and decorations
Gallipoli Star (Ottoman Empire)
Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon
Order of the Medjidie 5th class
See also
List of high-ranking commanders of the Turkish War of Independence
Sources
1880 births
1920 deaths
People from the Ottoman Empire of Circassian descent
Turkish people of Circassian descent
Ottoman Military Academy alumni
Ottoman Military College alumni
Ottoman Army officers
Ottoman military personnel of the Italo-Turkish War
Ottoman military personnel of the Balkan Wars
Ottoman military personnel of World War I
Turkish Army officers
Turkish military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
Turkish military personnel killed in action
Burials at Turkish State Cemetery
Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 5th class
Recipients of the Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon (Turkey) |
116 kDa U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFTUD2 gene.
Disease associations
Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in EFTUD2 cause Mandibulofacial Dysostosis with Microcephaly (MFDM; OMIM #610536), a multiple malformation syndrome comprising progressive microcephaly (present in all affected individuals), craniofacial skeletal anomalies, cleft palate, deafness, choanal atresia, small stature, and/or cardiac and thumb anomalies.
Interactions
EFTUD2 has been shown to interact with WDR57 and PRPF8.
References
Further reading |
Gabriel Millet (17 April 1867 – 8 May 1953) was a French archaeologist and historian.
Biography
After he passed his agrégation of history in 1891, Gabriel Millet became a member of the French School at Athens, then director of the École pratique des hautes études in religious sciences in 1899, and professor at the Collège de France in 1927.
A voyager, he travelled throughout Europe, Greece, Macedonia, the Balkans. In 1906 Gabriel Millet, Vladimir Petković and Josef Strzygowski began research on Serbian painting, which they "acclaimed it to be among the finest creations of medieval Europe".After the trip he wrote books, including his university thesis, on the finding of his research in Serbia.
Millet was the author of numerous books on Byzantine art. In 1930, in collaboration with Louis Bréhier, he led an archaeological mission to Mount Athos. He founded the series "Archives d'Athos" at the College de France, under the patronage of the Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres and the Academy of Athens.
Later, Gabriel Millet led two more Serbian archaeological missions of 1934 and 1935, sponsored by the French Government in collaboration with the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. All practical difficulties such as transportation, supplies, scaffolding, were ironed out in that journey thanks to the energy and kindness of his long-time friends, professor of art Đurađ Bošković, his wife and colleagues, including Vladimir Petković and Milan Kašanin.
See also
Milan Kašanin
Vladimir Petković
Đurađ Bošković
Stevan Dimitrijević
Nikodim Kondakov
Ljuba Kovačević
Ljubomir Stojanović
Vladimir Ćorović
Alexander Solovyev
References
External links
The Gabriel Millet Digital Collection at the Index of Medieval Art
Millet, Gabriel in the Dictionary of Art Historians
Éloge funèbre de M. Gabriel Millet, membre ordinaire
Obituary
Notice sur la vie et les travaux de M. Gabriel Millet, membre de l'Académie
French archaeologists
20th-century travelers
1867 births
People from Saint-Louis, Senegal
1952 deaths
French Byzantinists
Academic staff of the Collège de France
Members of the French School at Athens
Academic staff of the École pratique des hautes études |
"Don't Ask Me" is the only single by Heli Simpson. The single is the latest of The Saddle Club cast member to release a single. The single had fared quite well in Australia. After "Don't Ask Me" came out Heli's only album Princess Veronica came out in 2004. Heli Simpson's only EP is "Princess Veronica Tour EP" which was also released in 2004.
Track listings
CD single
"Don't Ask Me"
"Money Can't Buy"
"Princess Veronica"
Album Medley ("The Way You Are", "Crazy", "Holding Onto You", "I Want You To Know", "A Girl Like Me", "All I Want", "No One Like You")
Charts
The single debuted and peaked at #16 on the ARIA Singles chart, before taking a plunge to #28 the following week. It then fell to #40, before making a 13 spot rise to #27, then #35 then exiting the top 50 for the last time.
Release history
References
2004 debut singles
Heli Simpson songs
Shock Records singles
2004 songs |
```javascript
/*
Use of this source code is governed by a MIT license
that can be found in the LICENSE file.
*/
Tests.registerAsync("Socket connect", function(next) {
var client = new Socket(TESTS_SERVER_HOST, TESTS_SERVER_PORT).connect();
client.onconnect = function() {
Assert.equal(client, this);
client.disconnect();
next();
}
}, 500);
Tests.registerAsync("Socket listen", function(next) {
var server = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9027).listen();
var client = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9027).connect();
var done = false;
server.onaccept = function(new_client) {
new_client.foo = "bar";
new_client.write("data");
Assert.equal(new_client.ip, "127.0.0.1");
}
client.onread = function(data) {
Assert.equal(data, "data");
this.write("reply");
}
server.onread = function(new_client, data) {
Assert.equal(data, "reply");
Assert.equal(new_client.foo, "bar");
new_client.disconnect();
done = true;
}
client.ondisconnect = function() {
Assert.equal(done, true);
next();
}
}, 500);
Tests.registerAsync("Socket framing", function(next) {
var server = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9028).listen();
var client = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9028).connect();
server.readline = true;
client.readline = true;
var done = 0;
const datainc = "lastframe\n";
server.onaccept = function(new_client) {
new_client.write("data");
setTimeout(function() {
new_client.write("data2\nframe2\n");
for (let i = 0; i < datainc.length; i++) {
setTimeout(function(pos) {
new_client.write(datainc[pos]);
}, 50 * i, i);
}
}, 100);
}
client.onread = function(data) {
if (done == 0) {
Assert.equal(data, "datadata2");
} else if (done == 1) {
Assert.equal(data, "frame2");
} else if (done == 2) {
Assert.equal(data, "lastframe");
this.disconnect();
next();
}
done++;
}
server.onread = function(new_client, data) {
}
client.ondisconnect = function() {
}
}, 3000);
Tests.registerAsync("Socket lz4", function(next) {
var server = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9029).listen("tcp-lz4");
var client = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9029).connect("tcp-lz4");
client.encoding = "utf8";
server.encoding = "utf8";
client.readline = true;
const payload = "On sait depuis longtemps que travailler avec du texte lisible et contenant du sens est source de distractions, et empche de se concentrer sur la mise en page elle-mme. L'avantage du Lorem Ipsum sur un texte gnrique comme 'Du texte. Du texte. Du texte.' est qu'il possde une distribution de lettres plus ou moins normale, et en tout cas comparable avec celle du franais standard. De nombreuses suites logicielles de mise en page ou diteurs de sites Web ont fait du Lorem Ipsum leur faux texte par dfaut, et une recherche pour 'Lorem Ipsum' vous conduira vers de nombreux sites qui n'en sont encore qu' leur phase de construction. Plusieurs versions sont apparues avec le temps, parfois par accident, souvent intentionnellement (histoire d'y rajouter de petits clins d'oeil, voire des phrases embarassantes). On sait depuis longtemps que travailler avec du texte lisible et contenant du sens est source de distractions, et empche de se concentrer sur la mise en page elle-mme. L'avantage du Lorem Ipsum sur un texte gnrique comme 'Du texte. Du texte. Du texte.' est qu'il possde une distribution de lettres plus ou moins normale, et en tout cas comparable avec celle du franais standard. De nombreuses suites logicielles de mise en page ou diteurs de sites Web ont fait du Lorem Ipsum leur faux texte par dfaut, et une recherche pour 'Lorem Ipsum' vous conduira vers de nombreux sites qui n'en sont encore qu' leur phase de construction. Plusieurs versions sont apparues avec le temps, parfois par accident, souvent intentionnellement (histoire d'y rajouter de petits clins d'oeil, voire des phrases embarassantes).";
console.log(payload.length);
var done = 0;
server.onaccept = function(new_client) {
new_client.write(payload)
new_client.write("\n");
}
client.onread = function(data) {
console.log("Read", data.length);
Assert.equal(data, payload);
next();
}
}, 500);
``` |
Philipp Franz Wilhelm Ignaz Peter, Fürst von der Leyen und zu Hohengeroldseck (1 August 1766 – 23 November 1829) was a German nobleman who briefly ruled the Principality of Leyen.
Early life
He was born at Koblenz, the son of Franz Georg Karl Anton von der Leyen und zu Hohengeroldseck and Maria Anna Sophia Kämmerer von Worms, Baroness of Dalberg. His mother's brother was Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg, who later became Prince-Primate of the Confederation of the Rhine. On 26 September 1775 Philipp Franz succeeded his father as Count of Hohengeroldseck.
Career
On the establishment of the Confederation of the Rhine on 12 July 1806, the County of Hohengeroldseck was raised to a Principality, and Philipp Franz became Fürst von der Leyen und zu Hohengeroldseck.
The Confederation was dissolved in 1813 and from 30 May 1814 the Principality of Leyen was under Allied administration. By the Congress of Vienna, it was given to Austria, but was sold to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1819. Philipp Franz kept the title of Fürst (Prince), though now without a Principality.
Personal life
On 15 May 1788 at Pommersfelden, Philipp Franz was married to Sophia Therese Walpurgis (Mainz, 15 August 1772 – Paris, 4 July 1810), daughter of Count Hugo Damian of Schönborn-Buchheim. Together, they had two children:
Maria Amalia Theodora Maria Antonia Charlotte Friederike Sophie Walpurgis (Blieskastel, 2 September 1789 – Sulz, 21 July 1870), married at Paris 10 August 1810 to Count Louis Tascher de La Pagerie, a first cousin of the French Empress Josephine.
Karl Eugen Damian Erwein (Wiesentheid, 3 April 1798 – Waal, 17 May 1879), who succeeded his father as Fürst von der Leyen und zu Hohengeroldseck. He married his double first cousin Sophie Therese of Schönborn-Buchheim.
The Prince of Leyen died on 23 November 1829 at the age of 63 in Köln.
Descendants
Through his daughter Amalia, he was a grandfather of Charles, who later became Duc de Tascher de La Pagerie.
References
House of Leyen
1766 births
1829 deaths |
Robert Victor Stirling (1919–1991) was an English rugby union player. He represented England from 1951 to 1954. He also captained his country. He played club rugby for Aylestone St James, Leicester Tigers and Wasps.
In his working life he was an RAF officer stationed at Cranwell.
Rugby union career
Originally from Sheffield, Stirling was stationed mainly in India during the second World War & played station rugby at RAF Cranwell before joining Aylestone St James, a club local to Leicester, from there he progressed to Leicester Tigers' 'A' side and into the First XV in 1948. He made his club debut on 4 September 1948 at Welford Road against Bedford, and settled into the first team at lock forward. Stirling played for Leicester until his work in the Air Force saw him move to the Air Ministry in London, where Saturday morning work commitments meant continuing for Leicester was impossible. His final game for Leicester was on 4 April 1953, against Bristol on Leicester's Easter tour.
He played prop for the RAF after a suggestion from George Beamish, and in this position he gained all his caps.
Stirling made his international debut on 20 January 1951 at St Helen's, Swansea in the Wales vs England match. Despite publicly speculating on retiring after the 1952-53 season, he was named as the England captain for the 1954 Five Nations Championship. He played his final match for England on 10 April 1954 at Colombes in the France vs England match. Of the 18 matches he played for his national side he was on the winning side on 10 occasions.
References
1919 births
1991 deaths
English rugby union players
England international rugby union players
Rugby union props
People educated at Abbeydale Grange School
Leicester Tigers players
Rugby union players from Lichfield |
John Grant (11 August 1876 – 25 April 1961) was an amateur aficionado of the Great Highland bagpipe who, for over fifty years, composed piobaireachd and Ceòl Beag for members of the British Royal Family, important noblemen and women, and contemporary statesmen; wrote and published books on the Great Highland Bagpipe and its music; and taught students under the auspices of the [Royal] Scottish Piper's Society.
Early life
John Grant was the sixth child and fourth son of George Grant and Eliza (Elisabeth) Roy Grant, who resided in "The Bauds" on a hillside outside of the settlement of Kellas, near Dallas and Elgin, Scotland. At 17 years of age John left the farm for Elgin in order to begin a career in law. Within six months he obtained a position as a law clerk with Messrs. Stewart and McIsaac, Solicitors. Needing a hobby to occupy his leisure hours, he took up bagpiping, walking eleven miles one way twice a week to Gordon Castle in order to study with renowned Pipe-Major Ronald MacKenzie. By the summer of 1898, after only two years of study, Grant had become accomplished enough on the bagpipes to win the gold medal in a competition that fielded thirty-three entrants. In late August, Ronald MacKenzie recommended Grant to William Stirling-Home-Drummond-Moray, Laird of Abercairny (Crieff), who was seeking a full-time family piper for the Abercairny Estate. Grant accepted the position, serving in the post from October 1898 until May 1902.
The Royal Collection of Piobaireachd
Grant left the employ of the Laird in May 1902 in order to resume work in the legal profession. He moved to Edinburgh, and became clerk to his old supervisor from Messrs. Stewart and McIsaacs, Mr. A.S. Stoddart, Leith. Shortly thereafter he took up employment as a cash clerk, overseeing the entire payroll operation of the North British Rubber Company, Edinburgh. Grant married Mary Jane Harper (26 October 1869 – 13 December 1963) at Auchterless on 12 June 1903. The couple set up housekeeping for a time with John's spinster sisters at 5 Athole Place, then moved into their own apartment at 21 Murieston Crescent.
Perhaps as a requirement for his employment as a legal clerk, Grant became skilled in calligraphy. His bagpipe teacher, Ronald MacKenzie, had impressed upon Grant early on in his tutelage the importance of copying and preserving ancient piobaireachd and Grant, as early as 1900, began compiling manuscripts of the "classical music of the bagpipe," for disseminating among those who were interested in them. Several such collections made their ways into the hands of members of the Highland Society of London and the newly-formed Piobaireachd Society. Because of the praise these organizations lavished on Grant for his exquisite workmanship, he decided to try his own hand at piobaireachd composition. Combining his talent for calligraphy with his knowledge of piobaireachd, on 20 July 1906 he composed "His Most Excellent Majesty King Edward VII's Salute," then prepared it as a beautifully-illuminated presentation folio to lay before the King. Edward VII graciously accepted the tune dedicated to him, thereby, in essence, granting John Grant license to do the same for others among the Royal Family, the nobility, and those of renown whom he deemed worthy of such an honor. By September 1907 Grant had composed, prepared in illuminated manuscript, and sent for acceptance, five more "royal" piobaireachds, all of which were gratefully accepted, either by those to whom they were dedicated, or a representative. In May 1908, in order to make them available to the public, he published—at his own expense--The Royal Collection of Piobaireachd: Besides the "Salute" written in honor of King Edward VII, the work included "His Royal Highness The Duke of Connaught's Salute" (i.e., Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn) "Lament For Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,", "His Grace The Duke of Fife's Salute," "Lord Archibald Campbell's Salute," and "The Piobaireachd Society's Salute." The work had over 160 subscribers, including those to whom the tunes were dedicated, other royals, and individuals from all walks of life, including such personages as Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal.
Grant considered the first edition so successful he published a second in March 1911, adding fifteen more tunes to the six of the first edition. The additional tunes, in chronological order of composition, were:
Piobaireachd: Its Origin and Construction
Following successful publications of both editions of The Royal Collection of Piobaireachd, Grant decided to tackle the genre in a more comprehensive manner. The result was a 183-page volume entitled Piobaireachd: Its Origin and Construction. published at the author's expense by Aird & Coghill, Limited, Glasgow sometime in August, 1915. Known also by its Gaelic title Tus is Alt à Chiuil-Mhoir, Piobaireachd: Its Origin and Construction (hereafter POC) had an impressive list of patrons and subscribers, including King George V and Queen Mary of Teck, Queen Alexandra of Denmark, the Prince of Wales , various other royals, nobles, and members of high society, and the Highland Society of London.
The book received good reviews from Grant's contemporaries. Modern reviews, however, tend to be mixed. In his "Introduction" to the 1974 reprint of The Pipes of War, referencing POC, Major General Frank Richardson wrote:
This book cannot in all honesty be recommended today. Some useful information for those who want to know about our instrument, its music and some Highland traditions and legends can be found there, but its good points are embedded in much indigestible matter, like currants in what our generation of Servicemen called a 'Nafty cake.'''
On the other hand, Pipe-Major Roger Huth (The Surrey Pipe Band), Vice President of the Scottish Piping Society of London, former member of the Scots Guards, and an esteemed piper, had much to praise about the book in a 2006 review:It is soon apparent when reading through the pages of his book, that John Grant was also a man of considerable intellect. His knowledge appears to be no shallow pool as he explains to his reader the poetry of Piobaireachd as well as how the MacCrimmon Clan and others through the years constructed their compositions. He also explains the theory of music as it appertains to the Scottish Bagpipe and I strongly suspect that those who created their own Bagpipe Schools during the 20th Century, including the Army at Edinburgh Castle, leant on this book heavily.''
Despite Grant's tendency to be overly Romantic in his prose, the book remains a classic. The first of its kind, it still remains the largest compendium of articles on topics relating to the "National" music of Scotland in bagpipe literature.
References
External links
Piobaireachd: Its Origin and Construction
Great Highland bagpipe players
People from Moray
1876 births
1961 deaths
Scottish composers
Scottish writers about music
Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland |
Peter Yarrow (born May 31, 1938) is an American singer and songwriter who found fame for being in the 1960s folk trio Peter, Paul and Mary. Yarrow co-wrote (with Leonard Lipton) one of the group's best known hits, "Puff, the Magic Dragon". He is also a political activist and has supported causes that range from opposition to the Vietnam War to school anti-bullying programs.
Early life and family
Peter Yarrow was born in Manhattan, the son of Vera Wisebrode (née Vira Burtakoff) and Bernard Yarrow. His parents were educated Ukrainian Jewish immigrants, whose families had settled in Providence, Rhode Island.
Bernard Yarrow (1899–1973) attended the Jagiellonian University (Kraków, Poland) and the Odesa University (Odesa, Ukraine), before emigrating to the United States in 1922 at the age of 23. He anglicized his surname from Yaroshevitz to Yarrow, obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from Columbia University in 1925 where he joined Phi Sigma Delta fraternity, and in 1928 graduated from Columbia Law School. He then maintained a private law practice in New York City until 1938, when he was appointed an assistant district attorney under the then-district attorney, Thomas E. Dewey. In 1944 he was recruited into the Office of Strategic Services, where he served with distinction.
After the war, Bernard Yarrow joined Sullivan and Cromwell, the Dulles brothers' law firm. He was a founding board member of the National Committee for a Free Europe, an anti-Communist organization. In 1952 he became a senior vice-president of the CIA-funded Radio Free Europe, an organization he helped to found.
Yarrow's mother Vera (1904–1991), who had come to America at age three, became a speech and drama teacher at New York's Julia Richman High School for girls. She and Bernard divorced in 1943 when their son Peter was five, and Vera subsequently married Harold Wisebrode, the executive director of the Central Synagogue in Manhattan. Bernard Yarrow married his wartime London OSS partner Silvia Tim, and converted to Protestantism.
Peter Yarrow spent the summers of 1951 and 1952 at Interlochen's Music camp. Peter graduated second in his class among male students with a physics prize from New York's High School of Music and Art, where he had studied painting. He was accepted at Cornell University as a physics major but soon switched majors, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in psychology in 1959. Among his Cornell classmates were Lenny Lipton, Thomas Pynchon, Richard Fariña and David Shetzline.
Music career
Yarrow began singing in public during his last year at Cornell while participating in Harold Thompson's popular American Folk Literature course, colloquially known on campus as "Romp-n-Stomp". The course was "a highlight of late-1950s student life at Cornell", Yarrow reminisced, and the ability to sing and play guitar was a prerequisite for enrollment. Thompson would lecture on a topic for 20 or 30 minutes and afterwards a student would sing songs related to his theme. The experience of performing in front of a large audience was a thrilling one for Yarrow, who discovered he loved it. He branched out to lead community sings on weekends.
Upon graduation, Yarrow played in folk clubs in New York City, appeared on the CBS television show Folk Sound USA, and performed at the Newport Folk Festival, where he met manager and musical impresario Albert Grossman. One day, the two were at Israel Young's Folklore Center in Greenwich Village discussing Grossman's idea for a new group that would be "an updated version of the Weavers for the baby-boom generation ... with the crossover appeal of the Kingston Trio". Yarrow noticed a picture of Mary Travers on the wall and asked Grossman who she was. "That's Mary Travers," Grossman said. "She'd be good if you could get her to work." The lanky, blonde Kentucky-born Travers was well connected in Greenwich Village folk song circles. While still a high-school student at the progressive Elizabeth Irwin High School she had been picked out by Elizabeth Irwin's chorus leader Robert De Cormier to sing in a trio called The Song Swappers, backing up Pete Seeger in the 1955 Folkways LP reissue of the Almanac Singers' The Talking Union and two other albums. As well as performing twice with Seeger at Carnegie Hall, Travers had also played a folksinger in a short-lived Broadway play called The Next President, starring satirist Mort Sahl, but she was known to be painfully introverted and loath to sing professionally.
To draw Travers out, "Mr. Yarrow went to Ms. Travers's apartment on MacDougal Street, across from the Gaslight, one of the principal folk clubs. They harmonized on 'Miner's Lifeguard', a union song, and decided that their voices blended. To fill out the trio, Ms. Travers suggested Noel Stookey, a friend doing folk music and stand-up comedy at the Gaslight." They chose the catchy "Peter, Paul and Mary" as the name for their group, since Noel Stookey's middle name was Paul, and rehearsed intensively for six months, touring outside New York before debuting in 1961 as a polished act at The Bitter End nightclub in Greenwich Village. There, the singers quickly developed a following and signed a contract with Warner Brothers.
Warner released Peter, Paul and Mary's "Lemon Tree" as a single in early 1962. The trio then released "If I Had a Hammer", a song written in 1949 by Pete Seeger and Lee Hays to protest the imprisonment of Harlem City Councilman Benjamin J. Davis, Jr. under the Smith Act. "If I had a Hammer" garnered two Grammy Awards in 1962. The trio's first album, the eponymous Peter, Paul & Mary, remained in the Top 10 for ten months and in the Top 20 for two years; it sold more than two million copies. The group toured extensively and recorded numerous albums, both live and in the studio.
In June 1963, Peter, Paul and Mary released a 7" single of "Blowin' in the Wind" by the then-relatively unknown Bob Dylan, who was also managed by Grossman. "Blowin' in the Wind" sold 300,000 copies in the first week of release; by August 17, it was number two on the Billboard pop chart, with sales exceeding one million copies. Yarrow recalled that when he told Dylan he would make more than $5,000 () from the publishing rights, Dylan was speechless. On August 28, 1963, Peter, Paul and Mary appeared on stage with the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. at his historic March on Washington where their performance of "Blowin' in the Wind" established it as a civil rights anthem. Their version also spent weeks on Billboards easy listening chart. By 1964 the 26-year-old Yarrow had joined the Board of the Newport Folk Festival, where he had performed as an unknown just four years earlier.
Yarrow's songwriting helped to create some of Peter, Paul and Mary's best-known songs, including "Puff, the Magic Dragon", "Day Is Done", "Light One Candle", and "The Great Mandala". As a member of the trio, he earned a 1996 Emmy nomination for the Great Performances special LifeLines Live, a highly acclaimed celebration of folk music, with their musical mentors, contemporaries, and a new generation of singer-songwriters.
Yarrow was instrumental in founding the New Folks Concert series at both the Newport Folk Festival and the Kerrville Folk Festival. His work at Kerrville has been called his "most important achievement in this arena".
Yarrow co-wrote and produced "Torn Between Two Lovers", a number one hit for Mary McGregor. He also produced three CBS TV specials based on "Puff, the Magic Dragon", which earned an Emmy nomination for him. In 1978 Yarrow organized Survival Sunday, an antinuclear benefit, and after a period of separation, he was once again joined by Stookey and Travers.
Yarrow and his daughter, Bethany Yarrow, often perform together. Together with cellist Rufus Cappadocia, they form the trio Peter, Bethany, and Rufus. They released the CD Puff & Other Family Classics. In 2008, the musical special Peter, Bethany & Rufus: Spirit of Woodstock, featuring a live performance of the band, aired on public television.
Yarrow portrayed leftist intellectual Ira Mandelstam in the 2015 film While We're Young.
Social activism
Yarrow has long been an activist for social and political causes. What he did was not always popular. According to The New York Times:
Operation Respect
In 2000, in an effort to combat school bullying, Yarrow helped start Operation Respect, a nonprofit organization that brings to children, in schools and camps, a curriculum of tolerance and respect for each other's differences. The project began as a result of Yarrow and his daughter Bethany and his son Christopher having heard the song Don't Laugh at Me (written by Steve Seskin and Allen Shamblin) at the Kerrville Folk Festival.
In March 2008, Yarrow told Reuters:
Other activism
Yarrow's leadership in the campaign to free Soviet Jewry inspired another generation. Of the song "Light One Candle", Rabbi Allison Bergman Vann wrote:
In 2005, Yarrow performed in Ho Chi Minh City at a concert to benefit the Vietnam Association of Victims of Agent Orange; Yarrow pleaded with the Vietnamese for forgiveness of the United States.
Yarrow serves on the board of directors of the Connecticut Hospice.
On November 1, 2008, Yarrow performed across New York City for volunteers who worked for the presidential campaign of Senator Barack Obama.
On October 3, 2011, Yarrow, his son, and his daughter made an appearance at Zuccotti Park during the Occupy Wall Street protests, playing songs such as "We Shall Not Be Moved" and a variation of "Puff the Magic Dragon".
Yarrow is a member of Braver Angels.
On April 3, 2021, he participated in an online interfaith Passover Seder hosted by the organization.
Personal life
Yarrow has cited Judaism as one of the roots of his liberal views.
While campaigning for 1968 presidential candidate Eugene McCarthy, Yarrow met McCarthy's niece, Mary Beth McCarthy, in Wisconsin. He was 31, she was 20. They were married in October 1969 in Willmar, Minnesota. Paul Stookey wrote "Wedding Song (There Is Love)" as his gift for their wedding and first performed it at St. Mary's Church in Willmar. They had two children, but later divorced.
In December 2000, Yarrow's Larrivee acoustic guitar was stolen on an airplane flight. In early 2005, fans spotted the guitar on eBay. The FBI recovered it in Sunny Isles Beach, Florida, and returned it to Yarrow. He did not press charges, as the person from whom it was recovered was not the same individual as the one who had stolen it.
Yarrow performed the world premiere of "The Colonoscopy Song" on the CBS early morning program The Early Show on March 9, 2010.
Yarrow has also acknowledged being an alcoholic, and sought treatment for the disease. He considers himself in recovery.
A longtime resident of New York City, Yarrow has also owned a vacation home in Telluride, Colorado. Yarrow's son, Christopher, is a visual artist who in the late 2000s owned an emporium in Portland, Oregon, named The Monkey & The Rat.
Criminal conviction and pardon
In 1970, Yarrow was convicted and served three months in prison for taking "improper liberties" with 14-year-old Barbara Winter, who went with her 17-year-old sister to Yarrow's hotel room in Washington, DC seeking an autograph. Winter stated that Yarrow answered the door naked and made her masturbate him until he ejaculated. Yarrow served three months of a 1-3 year prison sentence. He apologized for the incident, saying that "it was an era of real indiscretion and mistakes by categorically male performers. I was one of them. I got nailed. I was wrong. I'm sorry for it."
Yarrow was granted a presidential pardon by Jimmy Carter on January 19, 1981, the day before Carter's presidency ended. For decades, Yarrow avoided mention of the assault, but by the early 2000s, it became a campaign issue for politicians he supports. In 2004, U.S. Representative Martin Frost of Texas, a Democrat, canceled a fundraising appearance with Yarrow after his opponent ran a radio advertisement about Yarrow's offense; in 2013, Republican politicians in New York called on Democratic congressional candidate Martha Robertson to cancel a scheduled fundraiser with Yarrow. In 2019, he was uninvited from a folk music festival when the organizers were informed of his conviction.
In May 2021, The Washington Post wrote that "[Yarrow's] pardon by Carter — perhaps the only one in U.S. history wiping away a conviction for a sexual offense against a child — escaped scrutiny when it happened. It was granted just hours before the American hostages in Iran were freed, which captured headlines for weeks." The same article details other allegations of sexual assault of minors made against Yarrow.
Awards and honors
Yarrow received the Allard K. Lowenstein Award in 1982 for his "remarkable efforts in advancing the causes of human rights, peace, and freedom". In 1995 the Miami Jewish Federation recognized Yarrow's continual efforts by awarding its Tikkun Olam Award for his part in helping to "repair the world".
Yarrow was awarded the Kate Wolf Memorial Award by the World Folk Music Association in 1993.
In 2003 a congressional resolution recognized Yarrow's achievements and those of Operation Respect.
Discography
Peter, Paul and Mary
Solo
1972 Peter US No. 163
1973 That's Enough For Me US No. 203
1975 Hard Times
1975 Love Songs
2010 The Peter Yarrow Sing-Along Special
Peter, Bethany and Rufus
2008 Puff & Other Family Classics
Other contributions
Jim Stanard – Color Outside The Lines (2020)
Vocals on songs "Home" and "Arkansas", along with Bethany Yarrow
Lazarus - Lazarus (1971), producer
Lazarus - A Fool's Paradise (1973), producer
Kamifusen - Here With Me (1984), songwriter "Cherry Blossom"
Bibliography
Puff, the Magic Dragon, by Peter Yarrow, Lenny Lipton, Eric Puybaret (illustrator), Sterling Publishing, released in August 2007,
The Peter Yarrow Songbook: Favorite Folk Songs, by Peter Yarrow, Terry Widener (illustrator), Sterling Publishing, released November 4, 2008,
The Peter Yarrow Songbook: Sleepytime Songs, by Peter Yarrow, Terry Widener (Illustrator), Sterling Publishing, released November 4, 2008,
Day Is Done, by Peter Yarrow, Melissa Sweet (Illustrator), Sterling Publishing, released October 2009,
The Peter Yarrow Songbook: Songs for Little Folks, by Peter Yarrow, Terry Widener (Illustrator), Sterling Publishing, released May 2010,
See also
List of peace activists
List of people pardoned or granted clemency by a United States president
References
External links
Peter Yarrow Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (2017)
1938 births
Living people
Musicians from Greenwich Village
Singers from Rhode Island
American folk guitarists
American folk singers
American tenors
American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
Jewish American songwriters
Jewish American musicians
Cornell University alumni
Fast Folk artists
Warner Records artists
American acoustic guitarists
American male guitarists
Jewish folk singers
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
Songwriters from Rhode Island
People from Telluride, Colorado
Guitarists from Rhode Island
The High School of Music & Art alumni
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American Jews
American male singer-songwriters
Singer-songwriters from Colorado
American people convicted of child sexual abuse
Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government
Recipients of American presidential pardons |
The following lists events that happened during 1944 in Chile.
Incumbents
President of Chile: Juan Antonio Ríos
Events
April
2 April - municipal elections are held, The Democratic Alliance obtains 50.46% of the votes, followed by the Conservative Party with 20.94% and the Liberal Party with 14.10%.
May
21 May – The Naval de Talcahuano football club is founded.
Births
15 January – Julio Videla (d. 2020)
16 January – Juan Manuel Rodríguez Vega (d. 2021)
14 March – Marta Larraechea
27 March – Miguel Enríquez (politician) (d. 1974)
6 June – Patricio Cornejo
16 July – Leopoldo Vallejos
30 July – Roberto Hodge
9 October – Antonio Arias (footballer)
18 December – Jorge Pinto Rodríguez
Deaths
26 September – Pedro Dartnell (b. 1873)
References
Years of the 20th century in Chile
Chile |
Vasilis Lolos (Greek: Βασίλης Λώλος) is a Greek comic book artist known for his work on The Pirates of Coney Island for Image and 5, a self-published multi-national anthology. He also assisted My Chemical Romance in designing some of the elements for their Danger Days/Killjoys phase.
Bibliography
Interior comic work includes:
Omikron ROM-Zine (script and art, self-published DVD/CD-Rom and comic zine, 2002–2003)
9 (script and art, a weekly comics anthology supplement for Ελευθεροτυπία newspaper):
"The Freakshow" (2003)
"DeathPop" (2003–2004)
"Cyberpink" (2004)
Γεννήτρια (script and art, graphic novel, Giganto Books, 2004)
SUBart vol. 2 #2-3 (of 4 produced) (script and art, anthology, Giganto Books, 2004)
GIN 474 #0: "ZomgZ" (script and art, self-published anthology with Vasilis Bibas and Ilias Kyriazis, 2005)
Flight Volume 2: "Heads Up" (co-writer, script and art by Becky Cloonan, anthology graphic novel, Image, 2005)
nebuli (script and art, with Becky Cloonan, self-published, 2006)
Hats #1-2 (script and art, self-published, 2006–2007)
In 2011, remixed and re-published as a webcomic through MTV Geek.
In 2014, re-titled Maximum Overdrive and sold digitally - issue #1 through Comixology, #2 through Deth Grip.
East Coast Rising Volume 1 (colours only, script and art by Becky Cloonan, graphic novel, Tokyopop, 2006)
24Seven Volume 1: "The Chelsea" (with Rick Spears, anthology graphic novel, Image, 2006)
Blast! Comics: "Δαυλός" (with Steve Papas, anthology graphic novel, Giganto Books, 2006)
The Pirates of Coney Island #1-6 (of 8) (with Rick Spears, Image, 2006–2007)
The Last Call Volume 1-2 (script and art, graphic novel, Oni Press, 2007–2013)
5 (with Becky Cloonan, Rafael Grampá, Gabriel Bá and Fábio Moon, self-published anthology, 2007)
Spider-Man Family #2: "Building a Better Lizard" (with Paul Benjamin, anthology, Marvel, 2007)
Wolverine: Firebreak: "Little White Lies" (with Macon Blair, co-feature in one-shot, Marvel, 2008)
Pixu: the Mark of Evil #1-2 (script and art, with Becky Cloonan, Gabriel Bá and Fábio Moon, self-published, 2008)
The Nightmare Factory Volume 2: "Gas Station Carnivals" (with Joe Harris, anthology graphic novel, Fox Atomic, 2008)
Buffy the Vampire Slayer: Tales of the Vampires: "The Thrill" (with Becky Cloonan, one-shot, Dark Horse, 2009)
Northlanders #17: "The Viking Art of Single Combat" (with Brian Wood, Vertigo, 2009)
The UNdroid (script and art, self-published, 2009)
Superbadmanners (script and art, webcomic, So Comic, 2012)
Conan the Barbarian vol. 2 #8-9: "Border Fury" (with Brian Wood, Dark Horse, 2012)
Satan is Alive: A Tribute to Mercyful Fate: "Egypt" (script and art, anthology graphic novel by Mark Rudolph, 2012)
Once Upon a Time: Shadow of the Queen: "Chapter Two" (with Corinna Bechko and Dan Thomsen, anthology graphic novel, Marvel, 2013)
American McGee's Akaneiro #1-3: "The Path of Cloak and Wolf" (with Justin Aclin, Dark Horse, 2013)
Ελευθεροτυπία: "Σεριφης Μπλαντ" (script and art, six episodes of weekly comic strip, 2013)
Thrashers (script and art, webcomic, 2013)
Starchild (script and art, webcomic, 2013)
I Was a Preteen Alice Cooper (script and art, webcomic, VICE, 2014)
Odysseia3000 (script and art, webcomic, 2014–2015)
Morbid Tales!: An Illustrated Tribute to Celtic Frost: "Untitled" (script and art, anthology graphic novel by Mark Rudolph, 2014)
Bartkira Volume 3 pages 266-267 (after Katsuhiro Otomo and Matt Groening, Internet art project, 2015)
The Gate (script and art, self-published, 2016)
Halo: Tales from the Slipspace: "Something Has Happened" (with Alex Irvine, anthology graphic novel, Dark Horse, 2016)
References
Interviews
External links
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Greek comics artists |
The Garden of Death (in Finnish: ; also known by its French title: ), Op. 41, is a three-movement suite for solo piano written in 1918 (Movement I) and revised in 1919 (the addition of Movements II–III) by Finnish composer Leevi Madetoja. The suite, somber and mournful in character, is a tribute to the composer's brother, Yrjö, who as a captive during the Finnish Civil War was executed by the Red Guards. The Finnish pianist premiered the suite in Helsinki, Finland, on 19 March 1923, with Madetoja in attendance.
History
Composition
In late January 1918, the embers of the First World War ignited into civil war between socialist Reds and the nationalist Whites. A few months later, the war brought personal tragedy to Madetoja: on 9 April, Red Guards captured and executed Yrjö Madetoja, Leevi's brother, during the Battle of Antrea in Kavantsaari. It fell to Leevi to inform his mother:
Around this time, Madetoja also published in magazine a short piece for solo piano, originally titled Improvisation in Memory of my Brother Yrjö (). In 1919, Madetoja expanded the piece into a three-movement suite, renaming it The Garden of Death and removing the reference to his brother. Notably, the suite shares melodic motifs with the Symphony No. 2 (Op. 35, 1918), which too finds its "deeply scarred" composer reflecting upon national tragedy and personal loss.
The Danish publishing house Edition Wilhelm Hansen published The Garden of Death in 1921. A year later in autumn, the German music magazine (No. 35) published a glowing review of the score. "No truly musical person will regret making the acquaintance of this fine piano poem", the anonymous critic wrote. "These short piano pieces provide new, powerful testimony of this Finnish composer's emotional sensitivity and originality. A true poet speaks to us ... in a clear and personal language..." As such, the review continued, Madetoja had no need to "dabble in hyper-modern forms of expression" that composers utilize when they need to compensate for "an inner emptiness".
Premiere and other early performances
Despite having been published in 1921, The Garden of Death waited two years for its premiere. This occurred on 19 March 1923, when the Finnish pianist played Madetoja's suite during a public recital at University Hall in Helsinki. It was the "domestic novelty" on a program that also included: Ferruccio Busoni's transcription (1893) of the Chaconne from Bach's Partita for Violin No. 2, Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 32 (1822), César Franck's Prélude, Choral et Fugue (1884), two small piano pieces from Sibelius's (, 1909), the first (D-flat major) of Liszt's Two Concert Études (1863), and Carl Tausig's transcription (1869) of the first of Schubert's Three Marches Militaires. At the conclusion of the performance, Madetoja—who was in attendance—received a "well-deserved" applause from the audience, which—though large—failed to fill the ballroom due a scheduling conflict with the Finnish premiere of Sibelius's ballet-pantomime Scaramouche.
The critics reviewed Madetoja's suite positively. Writing in , found the piece "as fine, atmospheric, and sonorous as anything this talented composer has created", while in described The Garden of Death as "tonally ... newish but tasteful, ... emotional poetry to the max". In addition, the critics praised Rängman-Björlin, variously characterizing her playing of Madetoja's suite for its "delicate execution" and "visionary finesse". A few months later in May, Rängman-Björlin scored a success for Madetoja by performing The Garden of Death in Berlin and Dresden. It made a positive impression on the German critics. Emphasizing Rängman-Björlin's Finnish heritage, wrote that Madetoja's "very attractive" suite had sprouted from "the national soil"; similarly, described The Garden of Death as "finely colored and impressive music", the "strange, folk-like tone" of which had "charmed with its wonderfully barren sweetness". argued that with Madetoja's piece Rängman-Björlin had "achieved her greatest victory" of the evening.
Near the turn of the decade, Madetoja's The Garden of Death also obtained the valuable advocacy of the Finnish pianist , who played the suite to acclaim in both Paris and Berlin in 1929. In 1948, Madetoja's former student, arranged The Garden of Death for orchestra. This arrangement, the manuscript of which Edition Wilhelm Hansen published in 2012, is scored for: 2 flutes (1 doubling piccolo), 2 oboes (1 doubling cor anglais), 2 clarinets (in A), 2 bassoons, 4 horns (in F), 3 trumpets (in F), timpani, harp, and strings. As of 2022, no commercial recording of the orchestrated version of The Garden of Death has been made.
Structure
The Garden of Death, which lasts about 14 minutes, is in three movements. They are as follows:
The first movement, in common time, begins in E major. The second movement, in triple time, is a "haunting waltz" that beings in A major. The third movement, in cut time, is a "meditative lullaby" that begins in G-flat major.
Reception
The Finnish pianist Mika Rännäli, who recorded The Garden of Death in 2004, describes the piece as "one of the best and most poignant works [of the] Finnish piano literature": because "all encounter death", the suite's exploration of "the innermost recesses of the mind and the depths of the soul has a universal impact".
Recordings
The sortable table below lists commercially available recordings of the Pastoral Suite:
Notes, references, and sources
Liner notes
Newspaper articles (by date)
Compositions by Leevi Madetoja
20th-century classical music
1919 compositions
Compositions for solo piano |
The Kansas Army Ammunition Plant (Kansas AAP) was a government-owned, contractor-operated (GOCO) facility, established in 1942, located near Parsons, Kansas. The plant produced ammunition during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The plant was deactivated on March 4, 2009 as part of the Base Realignment and Closure, 2005.
The plant is currently owned and operated by Day and Zimmerman, Inc. and primarily produces mortar ammunition.
Production
While in operation, the Kansas AAP produced a variety of ammunition, from basic artillery and mortar shells to sophisticated air dropped munitions with advanced guidance and control systems. Some examples of munitions produced include the Sensor Fuzed Weapon for the U.S. Air Force, M720 and M768 60 mm mortar shells for the U.S. Army and the M795 155 mm projectile for the U.S. Marine Corps.
On July 26, 1989, a BLU-97 cluster bomb being manufactured in Building 1113 killed two employees.
Environmental impact
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inspected the Kansas Army Ammunition Plant to determine if the site needed to be cleaned up via RCRA or CERCLA. On September 30, 2003 the EPA found that the contamination at the site was under control.
References
External links
GlobalSecurity.org - Kansas Ammunition Plant
United States Army arsenals
Buildings and structures in Labette County, Kansas
Military facilities in Kansas
United States Army arsenals during World War II
Historic American Engineering Record in Kansas
1942 establishments in Kansas
2009 disestablishments in Kansas |
USS Navajo (ATR-138/ATA-211) was an auxiliary ocean tug in the United States Navy.
Originally designated ATR–138, she was redesignated ATA–211 on 13 April 1944 and laid down on 20 January 1945 by Gulfport Boiler & Welding Works, Port Arthur, Texas. Launched on 3 March 1945, and commissioned at Port Arthur on 3 May 1945.
Pacific Theatre operations
Following fitting out and shakedown off Galveston, ATA–211 reported to the Naval Supply Depot, Gulfport, Mississippi, on 5 June, and thence steamed via the Panama Canal to San Diego, where she was to join ServRon 2, Pacific.
ATA–211 towed AFL–23 and harbor tug YT–742 to Pearl Harbor in July and remained there to perform ready tug duty and relief towing services with the Waipie Salvage Dock, in the ocean operations off Pearl Harbor. In October, she cleared Pearl Harbor with fuel oil barge YO–12 and garbage lighter YG–28 in tow, and headed for Yokosuka, Japan, where she arrived the 24th. Departing Yokosuka in early November, she returned Pearl Harbor and, joined by fleet ocean tug and auxiliary floating dry dock , steamed to San Diego. She departed this base on 27 December to serve as retriever tug for ATF–157.
East Coast operations
After escorting ATF–157 through the Panama Canal, ATA–211 cleared Coco Solo on 5 February 1946 and touched at Key West before arriving at the U.S. Naval Station, Algiers, Louisiana, 11 February. She remained in the 8th Naval District for most of the remainder of her Naval career, providing towing service to ports such as Mobile, Galveston, Pensacola, and Charleston, and assisting in off-shore salvage operations.
Decommissioning
ATA–211 was named Navajo on 15 July 1948. She continued operations off the Gulf states and Bermuda into 1962. Decommissioning on 10 April 1962, she was stricken from the Navy List on 1 May 1962 and was subsequently sold to Twenty Grand Marine Service, Inc., Morgan City, Louisiana, in 1963.
As of 2016, ATA-211 remained in commercial service, operating in Honduras under the name Hyperion.
References
External links
Utah History Encyclopedia
Sotoyomo-class tugs
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships built in Port Arthur, Texas
1945 ships |
Peter Murray-Rust is a chemist currently working at the University of Cambridge. As well as his work in chemistry, Murray-Rust is also known for his support of open access and open data.
Education
He was educated at Bootham School, a private school in York, and at Balliol College, Oxford. After obtaining a Doctor of Philosophy with a thesis entitled A structural investigation of some compounds showing charge-transfer properties, he became lecturer in chemistry at the (new) University of Stirling and was first warden of Andrew Stewart Hall of Residence. In 1982, he moved to Glaxo Group Research at Greenford to head Molecular Graphics, Computational Chemistry and later protein structure determination. He was Professor of Pharmacy in the University of Nottingham from 1996 to 2000, setting up the Virtual School of Molecular Sciences. He is now Reader Emeritus in Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge and Senior Research Fellow Emeritus at Churchill College, Cambridge.
Research
His research interests have involved the automated analysis of data in scientific publications, creation of virtual communities, e.g. The Virtual School of Natural Sciences in the Globewide Network Academy, and the Semantic Web. With Henry Rzepa, he has extended this to chemistry through the development of markup languages, especially Chemical Markup Language. He campaigns for open data, particularly in science, and is on the advisory board of the Open Knowledge International and a co-author of the Panton Principles for Open scientific data. Together with a few other chemists, he was a founder member of the Blue Obelisk movement in 2005.
In 2002, Peter Murray-Rust and his colleagues proposed an electronic repository for unpublished chemical data called the World Wide Molecular Matrix (WWMM). In January 2011, a symposium around his career and visions was organized, called Visions of a Semantic Molecular Future. In 2011, he and Henry Rzepa were joint recipients of the Herman Skolnik Award of the American Chemical Society. In 2014, he was awarded a Fellowship by the Shuttleworth Foundation to develop the automated mining of science from the literature.
In 2009 Murray-Rust coined the term "Doctor Who" model for the phenomenon exhibited by the Blue Obelisk project and other Open Science projects, where when a project leader does not have the resources to continue to lead a project (e.g. because he or she has moved to another university with other tasks), someone else will stand up to become the new leader and continue the project. This is a reference to the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, in which the main character periodically regenerates into a different form, which is played by a different actor.
As of 2014, Murray-Rust was granted a Fellowship by Shuttleworth Foundation in relation to the ContentMine project which uses machines to liberate 100,000,000 facts from the scientific literature.
Activism
Murray-Rust is also known for his work on making scientific knowledge from literature freely available, and in such taking a stance against publishers that are not fully compliant with the Berlin Declaration on Open Access. In 2014, he actively raised awareness of glitches in the publishing system of Elsevier, where restrictions were imposed by Elsevier on the reuse of papers after the authors had paid Elsevier to make the paper freely available.
References
External links
Cambridge university page
Doctoral thesis, "A structural investigation of some compounds showing charge-transfer properties"
Living people
1941 births
British chemists
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Academics of the University of Stirling
Academics of the University of Nottingham
People educated at Bootham School
Fellows of Churchill College, Cambridge
Members of the University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry
Open science
Open content activists
Open access activists
Computational chemists |
John Leo Hagerty (July 3, 1903 – March 23, 1982) was an American football player, coach and college athletics administrator. He played halfback for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL) from 1926 to 1932 before returning to his alma mater of Georgetown University to serve as head football coach from 1932 to 1948. Hagerty led the Hoyas to back-to-back undefeated seasons in 1938 and 1939, as well as the school's first bowl game appearance, at the 1941 Orange Bowl, which Georgetown lost to Mississippi State, 14–7. His career record as Georgetown's coach was 62–41–10.
Head coaching record
Notes
References
External links
1903 births
1982 deaths
American football halfbacks
Georgetown Hoyas athletic directors
Georgetown Hoyas football coaches
Georgetown Hoyas football players
New York Giants players
Sportspeople from Boston
Coaches of American football from Massachusetts
Players of American football from Boston |
Kochetok (, ) is an urban-type settlement in Chuhuiv Raion of Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is located on the right bank of the Donets. Kochetok belongs to Chuhuiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:
Economy
Transportation
The closest railway station is in Chuhuiv, on the railway connecting Kharkiv and Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi.
The settlement is connected by road with Chuhuiv where there is road access to Highway M03 connecting Kharkiv and Sloviansk.
References
Urban-type settlements in Chuhuiv Raion |
William Walter Barlow (February 20, 1931 – July 5, 2020) was a Canadian politician in Ontario, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1981 to 1987, as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party.
Background
Barlow was born in Galt (now Cambridge), Ontario. He was educated at Galt Business College, and served as president of a trucking company.
Politics
Barlow was a city alderman for ten years.
He first campaigned for the Ontario legislature in the 1977 provincial election, and lost to New Democratic Party incumbent Monty Davidson in the Cambridge constituency by 554 votes. He ran again in the 1981 election, and defeated Davidson by 849 votes. The Progressive Conservatives won a majority government, and Barlow served in the legislature as a backbench supporter of the Bill Davis and Frank Miller administrations.
He was re-elected in the 1985 election, defeating NDP candidate Alec Dufresne by 903 votes. The PCs fell to a minority government in this election, and were soon defeated in the legislature. In opposition, Barlow served as his party's critic for Transportation and Communications and Small Business.
The Progressive Conservatives fell to 16 seats out of 130 in the 1987 election. Barlow finished third in Cambridge, losing to Mike Farnan of the New Democratic Party.
Later life
Barlow was appointed to the Cambridge Art Theatre Management Committee in 2005. Barlow died at home on July 5, 2020, at the age of 89.
References
External links
1931 births
2020 deaths
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs |
The European Society for Biomaterials (ESB) is a non-profit organisation that encourages research and spread of information regarding research and uses of biomaterials. Founded in March 1976, became a member of the International Union of Societies for Biomaterials Sciences and Engineering (IUS-BSE) at its conception, in 1979. It has approximately 750 members in 33 different countries worldwide (2017). It organises an annual meeting where recent developments mainly within academic research of biomaterials are presented.
The ESB home journal is the Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (ISSN 0957-4530) published by Springer. Each year a special issue of selected contributions to the annual conference is published.
External links
The European Society for Biomaterials
History of the ESB - A pdf file with the history of the first 25 years of the Society
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (ISSN 0957-4530)
European medical and health organizations
International scientific organizations based in Europe
Scientific organizations established in 1976 |
Parambassis wolffii, commonly known as the duskyfin glassy perchlet, is a species of freshwater fish in the Asiatic glassfish family Ambassidae of order Perciformes. It is native to Thailand and Indonesia. The specific name honours Bleeker's friend, the military surgeon Wolff.
References
wolffii
Fish of Indonesia
Fish of Thailand
Fish described in 1850 |
Shepard Cliff () is an isolated cliff, 4 miles (6 km) long, at the northeast margin of the Reeves Neve, in Victoria Land. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photographs, 1956–62. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Danny L. Shepard, U.S. Navy, construction electrician at South Pole Station in 1966.
Cliffs of Victoria Land
Scott Coast |
The Holden Elizabeth Plant was a vehicle manufacturing facility in the township of Elizabeth, South Australia operated by Holden from 1963 until 2017. It succeeded the Woodville Plant as South Australia's main assembly facility.
The plant pressed and assembled bodies with engines from its Port Melbourne Plant in Victoria.
History
The plant opened in 1963, after the majority of tooling from the Woodville Plant was transferred to Elizabeth. The first vehicle produced at the plant was the Holden EH.
Elizabeth became the last remaining Holden plant in 1989 after Dandenong closed. After production of the VL Commodore ceased.
In 2006, the plant underwent a redesign known to have cost more than $1 Billion (AUD), this budget was shared with Holdens development of the General Motors Zeta platform, of which's introduction in the Fourth Generation VE Commodore led to the retooling of the facility.
Australian production of the Cruze ceased in 2016, Leaving the Commodore and its Ute derivative to be the only vehicles being produced at the plant.
The Elizabeth facility was the last large scale automotive manufacturing facility in Australia to close after the Mitsubishi Australia in 2008, Ford Australia in 2016, and Toyota Australia earlier in 2017.
Holden Special Vehicles, Holdens Melbourne based, factory backed Performance subsidiary ordered 300 Holden Commodore sedans months in advance to the plants closure in preparation for Holden's last hurrah, the Gen F2 HSV GTSR W1, surplus LS9 V8s from Chevrolet's C6 ZR1 gives the Holden a thunderous 474kW of power and 815Nm of torque. These vehicles are now worth upward of $1 Million (AUD).
The last vehicle, a 'Red Hot' VF Holden Commodore SS V Redline (which is currently in the collection at the National Motor Museum, Birdwood) rolled off the line on October 20, 2017.
As of 2023, the factory has been converted to a mushroom farm.
Products
Holden EH-WB (1963-1984)
Statesman (1971-1984)
Holden Commodore (1979-2017)
Holden Ute (2000-2017)
Holden Statesman/Caprice (1990-2017)
Holden Cruze (2011-2016)
References
General Motors factories
Former motor vehicle assembly plants
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Australia
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1865
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2020
Demolished buildings and structures in South Australia |
Saxobeats is the debut studio album recorded by Romanian singer and songwriter Alexandra Stan, released on 29 August 2011 by Play On Records. It was mainly written and produced by Marcel Prodan and Andrei Nemirschi, who recorded it at their Maan Studio. They had previously discovered the singer at a karaoke bar and offered her a record deal with their own label, Maan Records. Same year she released a promotional single, "Show Me the Way", through the label which was later included on Saxobeats. The music on the album overall approaches genres of hi-NRG and dance music. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" features a sample of American singer Fergie's 2006 single "Fergalicious". The record received mixed reviews from music reviewers, praising it for approaching a danceable style, but also criticizing its formulaic production.
Commercially, Saxobeats was moderately successful on European album charts, while also reaching number 15 in Japan. According to the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ), it sold more than 68,000 copies in that territory as of May 2012. To promote the album, Stan performed on various concert venues and released four tracks as singles. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)", the first one, was heavily broadcast in native Romania, while "Mr. Saxobeat" became a worldwide commercial success. The third release, "Get Back (ASAP)", was moderately successful on European charts, and "1.000.000", the last single, featured vocals from German–Zimbabwe rapper Carlprit.
Background and development
In her teenage years, Alexandra Stan participated in various music-related contests, including the Mamaia Music Festival. In 2009, the singer was discovered by Romanian producers and songwriters Marcel Prodan and Andrei Nemirschi at a karaoke bar, who offered her a record deal with their own label, Maan Records. She also recorded a promotional single called "Show Me the Way" that year. Saxobeats, her debut studio album, was recorded at the producers' Maan Studio, with the singer recalling in an interview with Direct Lyrics prior to the record's release that it "was the best time of [her] life. [She] really enjoyed working with them and [she] had a lot of fun." Writing and production were both handled by Prodan, Nemirschi and Marcian Alin Soare. In the same interview, Stan further revealed that all songs on Saxobeats "are part of [her] life and they represent [her]."
Release and artwork
In an interview prior to the record's release, Stan revealed that it is set to premiere in September 2011. To celebrate the release of Saxobeats, an event with the singer's friends, collaborators and journalists was held. A special website had also been launched to commercialize the album. Saxobeats was first released physically in France by Play On, following which it was digitally distributed in that country on 2 April 2012 by Play On/Jeff. While a deluxe edition premiered on 20 June 2012, the record was further released in September to Germany and Poland. In the United States, it was both physically and digitally distributed in late October 2011 by Ultra Records; the same label also released Saxobeats in Canada that month. The album premiered in Japan on 7 March 2012, with its respective deluxe edition being released one month later. On 22 October 2012, the record was finally distributed to the United Kingdom. In 2013, Saxobeats was re-released in Japan under the name Cliché (Hush Hush), featuring new singles "Lemonade" (2012), "Cliché (Hush Hush)" (2013) and "All My People" (2013).
Saxobeats was commercialized with three different covers shot by Andrei Nemirschi. For European standard releases, it featured Stan wearing a bob in front of a black-white backdrop, with one of her hands being attached to her head. In Japan, the release was accompanied by a photograph of the singer standing with headphones on her shoulders against a black background. All deluxe editions featured Stan leaning on a plastic mannequin, sporting a blue blouse along with various accessories on her hand.
Composition and reception
AllMusic described Saxobeats as a hi-NRG and dance album, while labelling "Mr. Saxobeat", "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" and "Get Back (ASAP)" as "club sensations", and stating that "Bitter-Sweet" "Ting-Ting" and "1.000.000" are "equally addictive". In an interview, Stan confessed that Saxobeats is diverse and includes many genres. Eugen Baltaretu from Devorator Moden found many musical styles in the record, including electronic, house and eurodance. Mike Schiller Schiller of PopMatters regarded "Mr. Saxobeat" as containing "twinkly synths and techno beats" alongside a "ridiculously catchy saxophone loop", while labelling the material on Saxobeats as being of the dance-pop genre. He further praised "Ting-Ting" for incorporating "hints of Balkan folk music into the mix"; the song was described as having a French vibe to it by Yam Magazine. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" features a sample from American singer Fergie's 2006 single "Fergalicious" (2006), with Stan confessing that the track is "club-friendly" alongside "funny lyrics". Musically, "1.000.000" is an R&B and pop song with hip hop beats in its instrumentation.
Upon its release, Saxobeats received mixed to positive reviews from music critics. Celeste Rhoads of AllMusic positively regarded Saxobeats and awarded it with a rating of 3.5 out of 5 stars. Similarly, German portal Mix1 gave it 7 stars out of 8. PopMatters Schiller was more mixed towards the record, describing Stan as "the sort of young upstart pop diva that it's hard to hate, yet hard to take seriously." Continuing, he negatively pointed out that the name of the album was related to "Mr. Saxobeat", although "only around half of the eight original tracks here have any hint of saxophone", alongside criticizing the quality of the remixes on Saxobeats, which he overall awarded with 5 stars out of 10. Although Rodrigo of Yam Magazine was "instantly hooked" when hearing "Mr. Saxobeat", he stated in his review that the record's material followed the same structure. Along with criticizing the remixes, as well, he concluded, "Stan has room for improvement [...] making your debut with a repetitive album isn't a good thing."
Commercial performance
Commercially, Saxobeats experienced moderate success on record charts. In Austria, it stayed three weeks on the Ö3 Austria Top 75 Longplay (Albums), peaking at number 25 on 23 September 2011. On Finnish and German charts, the record remained in the top 100 for one and two weeks respectively, reaching its highest position at numbers 27 and 29. Saxobeats was week-wise slightly more successful on France's SNEP chart, where it charted at number 76, and reached position 15 in Japan. On the respective Oricon chart, the record remained 40 weeks, and—according to the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ)—it sold 68,245 copies as of May 2012.<ref name="sales"> Note: Search for サクソビーツ by アレクサンドラ・スタン, product code VICP-65037 in the アーティスト＆楽曲検索 (artist & song search). </ref> In other European territories like Hungary and Switzerland, Saxobeats peaked at numbers 39 and 24, respectively; on the latter chart, it stayed six weeks in the top 100.
Promotion
In order to promote the record, it was accompanied by several concert tours, with Stan also making an appearance for Romanian radio station Radio ZU. Four singles were released from Saxobeats. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" was the first single released in late 2009 in native Romania, where it reached number 58 on the Romanian Top 100 aided by the radio airplay received. The song was accompanied by a low-budget music video, which was not received well by the audience. The next single from Saxobeat, "Mr. Saxobeat", was distributed on 12 September 2010, initially reaching number one in Romania for eight consecutive weeks. Subsequently, it became commercially acclaimed worldwide, topping the record charts in nine other countries: Austria, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Slovakia, Switzerland and Turkey, Note: insert 201114 into search. The third single from the album, "Get Back (ASAP)" failed to reach the same success, although it reached the top 40 of many European charts. The recording's music video further acts as a continuation to that of "Mr. Saxobeat". "1.000.000", the last release of the album, was distributed in early 2012, and features vocals from German-Zimbabwean rapper Carlprit, following his involvement with Stan in a remix of "Mr. Saxobeat". Promoted by a clip that served to emphasis her image, the track commercially reached the top 40 in Italy and Romania. Note: Select '2012' and 'Week: 01. Period: 02-01-12 08-01-12' from the drop-down menu. Saxobeats was further aided by the promotional singles "Show Me the Way" (2009), "Bitter Sweet" (2013), "Crazy" (2013), and "Ting-Ting" (2013).
Track listing
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Saxobeats''.
Charts
Release history
Notes
References
2011 debut albums
Alexandra Stan albums
Columbia Records albums
Ultra Records albums
European Border Breakers Award-winning albums |
The Boston mayoral election of 1889 saw the reelection of Thomas N. Hart.
Results
See also
List of mayors of Boston, Massachusetts
References
Mayoral elections in Boston
Boston
Boston mayoral
19th century in Boston |
```yaml
# Do not edit. Data is from res/country/metadata and path_to_url
atmOperators: [Caixabank, La Caixa, Laboral Kutxa, Caja Rural de Navarra, Caja Rural, BBVA]
chargingStationOperators: [Iberdrola, Zunder, Ionity, Endesa, Wenea, 'Tesla, Inc.', Ingeteam]
officialLanguages: [es, eu]
parcelLockerBrand: [Amazon Locker]
``` |
Roseum may refer to:
Calyptridium roseum, a synonym for Cistanthe rosea, a flowering plant species
Catasetum roseum, a synonym for Catasetum lemosii, an orchid species
Dendrochilum roseum, a synonym for Dendrobium crepidatum, an orchid species
Dipodium roseum, an orchid species
Epilobium roseum, a plant species in the genus Epilobium
Eriogonum roseum, the wand buckwheat, a wild buckwheat species
Fusarium roseum, a synonym for Gibberella zeae, a plant pathogen which causes fusarium head blight, a devastating disease on wheat and barley
Gliocladium roseum, a synonym for Clonostachys rosea f. rosea, a species of fungus in the family Bionectriaceae
Laeticorticium roseum, a fungus that is a plant pathogen that decays the wood of peach and nectarine trees
Micrommata roseum, a synonym for Micrommata virescens, a spider of the huntsman spider family, Sparassidae, with a palearctic distribution
Solanum roseum, a plant species endemic to Bolivia
Stephopoma roseum, a sea snail species
Scindalma roseum, a synonym for Fomitopsis rosea
Stylidium roseum, a synonym for Stylidium tenellum, a plant species
Trichonema roseum, a synonym for Romulea rosea, a herbaceous perennial species
Trichothecium roseum, a plant pathogen species
Xanthosoma roseum, an ornamental plant in the genus Xanthosoma
Xenophyllum roseum, a species of flowering plant found only in Ecuador
See also
rosea (disambiguation)
roseus (disambiguation) |
Svema ( - 'Light-sensitive Materials') was a major Soviet-era state-owned manufacturer of photographic film, magnetic tapes and cassettes, based in Shostka, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. The manufacturing was started in 1931, at the time, Ukrainian SSR, USSR. Svema had a registered trade mark and formerly was referred as "NPO "Svema" of the Shostka Chemical Plant.
They made black-and-white photographic film, photographic paper, B&W motion picture film until 2010s, colour photographic and motion picture film until 1995 and magnetic tapes until 2014. Svema products were known among enthusiasts as an easy and study product for beginners in home film development and printing.
The use of Svema color film was common for Soviet and post-Soviet cinema from the late 1960s until the late 1990s with some student works being shot on Svema up until 2010s.
Svema lost its market share in former Soviet Union countries to imported products during late 1990s when magnetic tapes were superseded by CDs. The enterprise went bankrupt in 2015 and its main buildings were demolished in 2019.
History
The manufacturing plant was founded in 1928 as a joint venture between Soviet government and French company Lumière that signed a contract to start production of celluloid photographic film in the Soviet Union.
Color photographic films
Svema DS-4 Color Negative Film ISO/ASA 50
Svema CO-32D Color Reversal film ISO/ASA 32
Svema CO-50d Color Reversal film ISO/ASA 50
Svema CND 64 Color Negative Film ISO/ASA 64
Svema TsNL 65 Color Negative Film ISO/ASA 80
Svema LN-9 Color Negative Film, 35mm motion picture film stock
Svema DS-5M Color Negative Film, 35mm motion picture film stock
Tape
Reel to reel tapes
Black-and-white photographic films
Before 1987(old GOST speed scale)
Svema Foto 32; 32 GOST, ISO 40/17°
Svema Foto 65; 65 GOST, ISO 80/20°; sheet films 6.5×9 cm - 30×40 cm, KB, 6×9", bulk
Svema Foto 130; 130 GOST, ISO 160/23°; KB, bulk
Svema Foto 250; 250 GOST, ISO 320/26° (Daylight); 350 GOST, ISO 400/27° (Tungsten); KB, bulk
1987-1990(new GOST speed scale, same as ASA)
Svema Foto 32; ISO 32/16°
Svema Foto 64; ISO 64/19°
Svema Foto 125; ISO 125/22°
Svema Foto 250; ISO 250/25° (Daylight); ISO 320/26° (Tungsten)
Svema Reporter; 200 GOST, ISO 200/24° (actually cinematographic filmstock); KB, bulk
After 1990(ISO speed scale)
Svema Foto 50; ISO 50/18°
Svema Foto 100; ISO 100/21°; KB, 6×9", bulk
Svema Foto 200; ISO 200/24°; KB, bulk
Svema Foto 400; ISO 400/27°; KB, bulk
See also
:ru:Свема
Astrum a company that took over some of Svema's manufacturing equipment after its closure
Tasma
References
1931 establishments in Ukraine
Photography companies of Ukraine
Ukrainian brands
Chemical companies of the Soviet Union
Soviet brands
History of Sumy Oblast
Photographic film makers
Chemical companies established in 1931
Defunct photography companies |
```c++
//===-- SBAddress.cpp -----------------------------------------------------===//
//
// See path_to_url for license information.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
#include "lldb/API/SBAddress.h"
#include "Utils.h"
#include "lldb/API/SBProcess.h"
#include "lldb/API/SBSection.h"
#include "lldb/API/SBStream.h"
#include "lldb/Core/Address.h"
#include "lldb/Core/Module.h"
#include "lldb/Symbol/LineEntry.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/Instrumentation.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/StreamString.h"
using namespace lldb;
using namespace lldb_private;
SBAddress::SBAddress() : m_opaque_up(new Address()) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
}
SBAddress::SBAddress(const Address &address)
: m_opaque_up(std::make_unique<Address>(address)) {}
SBAddress::SBAddress(const SBAddress &rhs) : m_opaque_up(new Address()) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, rhs);
m_opaque_up = clone(rhs.m_opaque_up);
}
SBAddress::SBAddress(lldb::SBSection section, lldb::addr_t offset)
: m_opaque_up(new Address(section.GetSP(), offset)) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, section, offset);
}
// Create an address by resolving a load address using the supplied target
SBAddress::SBAddress(lldb::addr_t load_addr, lldb::SBTarget &target)
: m_opaque_up(new Address()) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, load_addr, target);
SetLoadAddress(load_addr, target);
}
SBAddress::~SBAddress() = default;
const SBAddress &SBAddress::operator=(const SBAddress &rhs) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, rhs);
if (this != &rhs)
m_opaque_up = clone(rhs.m_opaque_up);
return *this;
}
bool lldb::operator==(const SBAddress &lhs, const SBAddress &rhs) {
if (lhs.IsValid() && rhs.IsValid())
return lhs.ref() == rhs.ref();
return false;
}
bool SBAddress::operator!=(const SBAddress &rhs) const {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, rhs);
return !(*this == rhs);
}
bool SBAddress::IsValid() const {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
return this->operator bool();
}
SBAddress::operator bool() const {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
return m_opaque_up != nullptr && m_opaque_up->IsValid();
}
void SBAddress::Clear() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
m_opaque_up = std::make_unique<Address>();
}
void SBAddress::SetAddress(lldb::SBSection section, lldb::addr_t offset) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, section, offset);
Address &addr = ref();
addr.SetSection(section.GetSP());
addr.SetOffset(offset);
}
void SBAddress::SetAddress(const Address &address) { ref() = address; }
lldb::addr_t SBAddress::GetFileAddress() const {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
return m_opaque_up->GetFileAddress();
else
return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
}
lldb::addr_t SBAddress::GetLoadAddress(const SBTarget &target) const {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, target);
lldb::addr_t addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
TargetSP target_sp(target.GetSP());
if (target_sp) {
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid()) {
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(target_sp->GetAPIMutex());
addr = m_opaque_up->GetLoadAddress(target_sp.get());
}
}
return addr;
}
void SBAddress::SetLoadAddress(lldb::addr_t load_addr, lldb::SBTarget &target) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, load_addr, target);
// Create the address object if we don't already have one
ref();
if (target.IsValid())
*this = target.ResolveLoadAddress(load_addr);
else
m_opaque_up->Clear();
// Check if we weren't were able to resolve a section offset address. If we
// weren't it is ok, the load address might be a location on the stack or
// heap, so we should just have an address with no section and a valid offset
if (!m_opaque_up->IsValid())
m_opaque_up->SetOffset(load_addr);
}
bool SBAddress::OffsetAddress(addr_t offset) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, offset);
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid()) {
addr_t addr_offset = m_opaque_up->GetOffset();
if (addr_offset != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
m_opaque_up->SetOffset(addr_offset + offset);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
lldb::SBSection SBAddress::GetSection() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
lldb::SBSection sb_section;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_section.SetSP(m_opaque_up->GetSection());
return sb_section;
}
lldb::addr_t SBAddress::GetOffset() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
return m_opaque_up->GetOffset();
return 0;
}
Address *SBAddress::operator->() { return m_opaque_up.get(); }
const Address *SBAddress::operator->() const { return m_opaque_up.get(); }
Address &SBAddress::ref() {
if (m_opaque_up == nullptr)
m_opaque_up = std::make_unique<Address>();
return *m_opaque_up;
}
const Address &SBAddress::ref() const {
// This object should already have checked with "IsValid()" prior to calling
// this function. In case you didn't we will assert and die to let you know.
assert(m_opaque_up.get());
return *m_opaque_up;
}
Address *SBAddress::get() { return m_opaque_up.get(); }
bool SBAddress::GetDescription(SBStream &description) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, description);
// Call "ref()" on the stream to make sure it creates a backing stream in
// case there isn't one already...
Stream &strm = description.ref();
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid()) {
m_opaque_up->Dump(&strm, nullptr, Address::DumpStyleResolvedDescription,
Address::DumpStyleModuleWithFileAddress, 4);
} else
strm.PutCString("No value");
return true;
}
SBModule SBAddress::GetModule() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBModule sb_module;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_module.SetSP(m_opaque_up->GetModule());
return sb_module;
}
SBSymbolContext SBAddress::GetSymbolContext(uint32_t resolve_scope) {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this, resolve_scope);
SBSymbolContext sb_sc;
SymbolContextItem scope = static_cast<SymbolContextItem>(resolve_scope);
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContext(&sb_sc.ref(), scope);
return sb_sc;
}
SBCompileUnit SBAddress::GetCompileUnit() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBCompileUnit sb_comp_unit;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_comp_unit.reset(m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContextCompileUnit());
return sb_comp_unit;
}
SBFunction SBAddress::GetFunction() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBFunction sb_function;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_function.reset(m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContextFunction());
return sb_function;
}
SBBlock SBAddress::GetBlock() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBBlock sb_block;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_block.SetPtr(m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContextBlock());
return sb_block;
}
SBSymbol SBAddress::GetSymbol() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBSymbol sb_symbol;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid())
sb_symbol.reset(m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContextSymbol());
return sb_symbol;
}
SBLineEntry SBAddress::GetLineEntry() {
LLDB_INSTRUMENT_VA(this);
SBLineEntry sb_line_entry;
if (m_opaque_up->IsValid()) {
LineEntry line_entry;
if (m_opaque_up->CalculateSymbolContextLineEntry(line_entry))
sb_line_entry.SetLineEntry(line_entry);
}
return sb_line_entry;
}
``` |
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