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Duas Caras (English: Two Faces) is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by TV Globo from 1 October 2007 to 31 May 2008, replacing Paraíso Tropical and followed by A Favorita. It is created by Aguinaldo Silva and directed by Wolf Maya.
Starring Dalton Vigh, Marjorie Estiano, Alinne Moraes, Débora Falabella, Lázaro Ramos, Letícia Spiller, Betty Faria, Flávia Alessandra, Renata Sorrah, Suzana Vieira, and Antônio Fagundes.
It is the first telenovelas to be produced on High-definition by Rede Globo at the 8 pm timeslot.
The telenovela spans through Maria Paula's revenge against Marconi Ferraço, her ex-husband that robbed her of all her inheritance.
Premise
In the past, as Adalberto Rangel, he met and seduced Maria Paula. With a calculated coldheart, he married her, stole her fortune, then abandoned her, unaware she was pregnant at the time. Ten years later, accompanied by her son Renato, Maria Paula plots to recover her dignity and to find justice by getting revenge against the indignities done to her.
Plot
Adalberto Rangel, born Juvenaldo, lived with his poor father and siblings in a favela. Having no way to sustain the family, his father sold him (a boy) to Hermógenes Rangel, a thief. Some time later, Adalberto decides to make his own fortune without depending on his mentor. He steals all of Hermógenes' money, and flees.
During the escape, a serious car accident occurs, killing a couple. While searching the dead couple's car, Adalberto discovers a suitcase containing money, pictures and personal effects of their daughter. He proceeds to the fictitious city of Passaredo (adapted from São Bento do Sul, Santa Catarina) to meet the orphaned Maria Paula.
Adalberto lies to Maria, telling her that he was asked by her parents to care for her. The heiress's friends try to alert her, but she won't listen. Adalberto asks Maria Paula to marry him. She is swept off her feet by the con man. Not long after the wedding, Adalberto disappears. He leaves Maria absolutely nothing. Adalberto changes his entire life, including his name, home (in Rio de Janeiro) and lifestyle. He even has plastic surgery to change his face. The only person he shares his secret with is Bárbara Carreira – a prostitute to whom he lost his virginity. Adalberto, or Dr. Marconi Ferraço, makes his name as a respectable construction entrepreneur.
Some years later, Maria Paula relocates in Rio de Janeiro. She sees a news report about Ferraço, and recognizes him as her husband. She starts to track him down.
With a new identity and a lot of money in his pocket, Ferraço decides to conquer the beautiful Sílvia. She falls in love with the man she knows as Ferraço and accepts his offer of marriage. Maria Paula gatecrashes the engagement party and makes a big scene. Silvia remains engaged to him, and he becomes her first great love. Sílvia and Maria Paula both vie for Marconi Ferraço's attention. It remains unknown whether Maria Paula is interested in love or in revenge. Sílvia is slowly revealed as a psychopath, willing to go to extremes to stay with Ferraço.
Branca, Silvia's mother, discovers on the day following her husband João Pedro's death that he had an extra-marital affair for over twenty years with Célia Mara. Branca assumes her husband's place as the president of the Universidade Pessoa de Moraes. She transforms it in an institution of excellence.
Branca's brother is Paulo Barreto (Barretão), a human rights activist. He is married to Gioconda, a great lady of the carioca society, who is a snob and a gossip. The two are parents of Júlia, a very intelligent and active girl, who fell in love with Evilásio Caó, a black man from the Portelinha favela. Thus, race and class prejudices were revealed in the family.
Portelinha was created from the determination of Juvenal Antena, born leader, smart and compassionate. Juvenal was the head of a builders' union, the GPN, who brought workers from the Northeast. The workers were told that they would receive their fees from the failed company. When the claim proved to be false, they rioted at the injustice. Juvenal resigned his position and joined the workers in their fight. He dreamt of joining those families without a home and creating a community. Though his dream was a big stretch of the imagination, Juvenal met with other demonstrators respected by the group: the Lady Setembrina, the evangelical shepherd Inácio Lisboa, the carpenter Misael Caó, the father of Evilásio and a van owner Geraldo Peixeiro. With the help of Narciso Tellerman, the secretary of State of Social Service and the future deputy, Juvenal organized an invasion of the land owned by the GPN. Fired up by Juvenal's gift for words, they took over the land they wanted. There, the community of their dreams grew: the favela of Portelinha, where there are neither drugs nor violence, and a place where people will never be without.
Marconi Ferraço bought the land of GPN, and he enters into a judicial and moral battle against Juvenal Antena.
In the last few episodes, an alliance between Ferraco and Juvenal begins. Ferraco aids Juvenal in his suit against his godson. Juvenal's opinion of Ferraco changes. He advises Maria Paula to marry Ferraco to recover her money, and for the sake of her and Ferraco's son Renato. Renato adores his father, and knows nothing of his dark past.
Hoping to separate Ferraco and Maria Paula, Silvia sends an article concerning Ferraco's fraud to Renato. She starts to lose her mind. The boy fight with Ferraço, but soon forgives her father.
Silvia escapes the mental hospital where she was locked up and kidnaps Renato. She tries to kill Maria Paula and Ferraco, but Ferraço defends his wife. He is reached in place of Maria Paula and the two are reconciled. Silvia escapes without killing anyone, and while she is fleeing she is hit by a car driven by a handsome millionaire. He takes her to live in Paris with him. She contacts her accomplice, Joao Batista, who goes to Paris to work as her driver.
Ferraco confesses his crimes as part of the prenuptial agreement he signs in order to get Maria Paula to marry him again, and he goes to jail for two years. He tells Maria Paula that the only thing he hopes in exchange for his change of heart is to have her and their son waiting for him when he gets out of jail.
Two years later, he gets out and finds that Maria Paula stole all his money and went away with Renato. While he is sitting on a beach, asking himself why would she do that to him after all the proofs he gave of his love for her, he receives a phone call from Maria Paula. She asks him what it feels like to be betrayed. He answers that he never would have believed it of her. She interrupts him and tells him where his plane ticket is, because she is waiting for him with his son.
Ferraco arrives on a beautiful island, and finds Renato walking on the beach. He runs up to him and hugs him. Then, he sees Maria Paula, and asks her what the status is of their relationship. She tells him to stop wasting time and kiss her. Ferraco smiles and kisses her passionately.
Notable cast
Marjorie Estiano - Maria Paula Fonseca do Nascimento Ferreira
Dalton Vigh - Marconi Ferraço (Adalberto Rangel / Juvenaldo Ferreira)
Alinne Moraes - Maria Sílvia Barreto Pessoa de Moraes Main Villain
Antônio Fagundes - Juvenal Antena (Juvenal Ferreira dos Santos)
Susana Vieira - Branca Maria Barreto Pessoa de Moraes
José Wilker - Francisco Macieira
Renata Sorrah - Célia Mara de Andrade Couto Melgaço
Lázaro Ramos - Evilásio Caó dos Santos
Débora Falabella - Júlia de Queiroz Barreto Caó dos Santos
Marília Pêra - Gioconda de Queiroz Barreto
Stênio Garcia - Barretão (Paulo de Queiroz Barreto)
Flávia Alessandra - Alzira de Andrade Correia
Betty Faria - Bárbara Carreira
Marília Gabriela - Guigui (Margarida McKenzie Salles Prado)
Caco Ciocler - Claudius Maciel
Marcos Winter - Mr. Narciso Tellerman
Letícia Spiller - Maria Eva Monteiro Duarte
Juliana Knust - Débora Vieira Melgaço
Otávio Augusto - Antônio José Melgaço
Sheron Menezes - Solange Couto Ferreira dos Santos Maciel
Leona Cavalli - Dália Mendes
Júlia Almeida - Fernanda Carreira da Conceição
Júlio Rocha - JB (João Batista da Conceição)
Nuno Leal Maia - Bernardo da Conceição
Mara Manzan - Amara
Rodrigo Hilbert - Ronildo (Guilherme McKenzie Salles Prado)
Juliana Alves - Gislaine Caó dos Santos
Ângelo Antônio - Dorgival Correia
Paulo Goulart - Heriberto Gonçalves
Viviane Victorette - Nadir
Susana Ribeiro - Edivânia
Cris Vianna - Sabrina Soares da Costa de Queiroz Barreto
Marcela Barrozo - Ramona Monteiro Duarte
Thaís de Campos - Claudine Bel-Lac
Adriano Garib - Silvano
Babú Santana - Montanha
Tarcísio Meira - Hermógenes Rangel
Laura Cardoso - Alice de Souza (Ferraço's mother)
Herson Capri - João Pedro Pessoa de Moraes (Joca)
Bia Seidl - Gabriela Fonseca do Nascimento
Vanessa Giácomo - Luciana Alves Negroponte
Eriberto Leão - Ítalo Negroponte
Chica Xavier - Mãe Bina (Mother Bina) (Setembrina Caó dos Santos)
Werner Schünemann - Humberto Silveira
Vera Fischer - Dolores
Luíza Brunet - Herself
Martinho da Vila - Himself
Tony Ramos - Himself
Juliana Paes - Herself
Francisco Cuoco - Himself
Jean Wyllys - Himself
Sérgio Viotti - Manuel de Andrade Couto
Paulo César Pereio - Lobato (José Gregório dos Santos Lobato)
Carlos Vereza - Helmut Erdmann
Ida Gomes - Dona Frida (Mrs. Frida) (Mother of the wife of Helmut)
Betty Lago - Soraya
Matheus Costa - Leone Alves Negroponte
Lady Francisco - Odete
Pietro Mário - Fernando Pereira Salles Prado
Adriana Alves - Condessa de Morena Finzi-Contini
Lionel Fischer - Mr. Arnaldo
Soundtrack
Soundtrack With Brazilian Songs
The album containing the Portuguese songs that are part of the soundtrack:
Tá Perdoado - Maria Rita ( Music theme of Maria Eva)
Trabalhador - Seu Jorge (Music theme of Juvenal Antena)
Delírio dos Mortais - Djavan (Music theme: City of Rio de Janeiro)
Oração ao Tempo - Caetano Veloso ( Music theme of Maria Paula)
E Vamos á Luta - Gonzaguinha (Opening)
Canto de Oxum - Maria Bethânia (Music theme of Setembrina)
Ela Une Todas as Coisas - Jorge Vercilo (Track general Romantic)
Geraldinos e Arquibaldos - Chicas (Music theme of Bernardinho)
Negro Gato - MC Leozinho (Music theme of Evilásio)
Be Myself - Charlie Brown Jr. (Music theme of Marconi Ferraço)
Ternura - Isabella Taviani (Music theme of Célia Mara)
Toda Vez que Eu Digo Adeus - Cássia Eller ( Music theme of Sílvia)
Você não Entende Nada - Celso Fonseca (Music theme of Dália, Bernardinho and Heraldo)
Folhetim - Luiza Possi (Music theme of Alzira)
Coisas que Eu Sei - Danni Carlos (Music theme of Júlia)
Quem Toma Conta de Mim - Paula Toller
Recomeçar - Aline Barros (the core issue of Evangelicals)
Call Me (Instrumental) - Victor Pozas (Music theme of Branca)
The Look of Love (Instrumental) (from Casino Royale) - Victor Pozas (Music theme of Gioconda)
Amores Cruzados - Ksis (Music theme of Débora)
International songs
The album containing the English songs that are part of the soundtrack:
No One - Alicia Keys
Let Me Out - Ben's Brother (Music theme of Benoliel)
Same Mistake - James Blunt ( Music theme of Maria Paula and Ferraço)
Scared - Tiago Lorc (Music theme of Sílvia and Ferraço)
Lost Without You - Robin Thicke (Music theme of Sílvia)
Kiss Kiss - Chris Brown feat. T-Pain ( Music theme of Zidane e Gyslaine)
So Much for You - Ashley Tisdale (Music theme of Alzira)
Gimme More - Britney Spears (Music theme of Texas Bar)
2 Hearts - Kylie Minogue (Music theme of Débora)
How Deep Is Your Love - The Bird and the Bee (Music theme of Dália, Bernadinho e Heraldo)
You Are So Beautiful - Ivo Pessoa (Music theme of Júlia and Evilásio)
I'm All Right - Madeleine Peyroux (Music theme of Branca and Macieira)
The Look of Love (From Casino Royale) - Diana Krall ( Music theme of Célia Mara)
Yesterday - Liverpool Kids (Music theme of Gioconda)
All She Wants (O Xote das Meninas) - Marina Elali ( Music theme of Solange and Claudius)
You my Love - Double You ( Music theme of Clarissa and Duda)
Instrumental music
The album containing the original score written by Victor Pozas and instrumental versions of the soundtrack:
Tema de Maria Paula (Music theme of Maria Paula) - Victor Pozas
E Vamos à Luta - Gonzaguinha
Tá Perdoado - Arlindo Cruz
Tema de Claudius (Music theme of Claudius) - Victor Pozas
Coisas que eu Sei - Dudu Falcão
O Trem Parte - Victor Pozas
Delírio dos Mortais - Djavan
Oração ao Tempo - Caetano Veloso
A Obra - Victor Pozas
Geraldinos e Arquibaldos - Gonzaguinha
A Descoberta - Victor Pozas
Tema de Hermógenes, Adalberto e Marconi (Music theme of Hermógenes, Adalberto and Marconi) - Victor Pozas
Folhetim - Chico Buarque
A Espera - Victor Pozas
Vida Alegre - Victor Pozas
Pot-Pourri: Sambas da Portelinha (Bônus Track) - Victor Pozas
Brazil audience
See also
Rede Globo
References
External links
Website
synopsis
(trailer)
(episodes)
2007 telenovelas
2007 Brazilian television series debuts
2008 Brazilian television series endings
Brazilian LGBT-related television shows
Telenovelas set in Pernambuco
Television shows set in Rio de Janeiro (city)
TV Globo telenovelas
Portuguese-language telenovelas |
Alan James Giles OBE is a British businessman and currently a non-executive director of the Competition and Markets Authority. He is also a non-executive director of Rentokil Initial plc and a member of OFT's Audit and Risk Remuneration committees.
Career
From March 1999 until September 2006 he was chief executive officer of HMV Group, owner of record shop HMV, which he joined in 1998.
HMV Group also owned the UK bookshop chain Waterstones, which bought another book chain Ottakars in 2006. HMV and Waterstones suffered a decline in sales in the financial year 2005–2006. Giles stated that the internet, including music downloading, and supermarket competition, contributed towards HMV's decline in sales.
After leaving HMV, he became chairman of Fat Face, the active lifestyle retailer.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
British chief executives
Officers of the Order of the British Empire |
```go
package consul
import (
"context"
consul "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
"github.com/weaveworks/common/instrument"
)
type consulInstrumentation struct {
kv kv
consulMetrics *consulMetrics
}
type consulMetrics struct {
consulRequestDuration *instrument.HistogramCollector
}
func newConsulMetrics(registerer prometheus.Registerer) *consulMetrics {
consulRequestDurationCollector := instrument.NewHistogramCollector(promauto.With(registerer).NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
Name: "consul_request_duration_seconds",
Help: "Time spent on consul requests.",
Buckets: prometheus.DefBuckets,
}, []string{"operation", "status_code"}))
consulMetrics := consulMetrics{consulRequestDurationCollector}
return &consulMetrics
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) CAS(p *consul.KVPair, options *consul.WriteOptions) (bool, *consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var ok bool
var result *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "CAS", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
ok, result, err = c.kv.CAS(p, options)
return err
})
return ok, result, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Get(key string, options *consul.QueryOptions) (*consul.KVPair, *consul.QueryMeta, error) {
var kvp *consul.KVPair
var meta *consul.QueryMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Get", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
kvp, meta, err = c.kv.Get(key, options)
return err
})
return kvp, meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) List(path string, options *consul.QueryOptions) (consul.KVPairs, *consul.QueryMeta, error) {
var kvps consul.KVPairs
var meta *consul.QueryMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "List", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
kvps, meta, err = c.kv.List(path, options)
return err
})
return kvps, meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Delete(key string, options *consul.WriteOptions) (*consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var meta *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Delete", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
meta, err = c.kv.Delete(key, options)
return err
})
return meta, err
}
func (c consulInstrumentation) Put(p *consul.KVPair, options *consul.WriteOptions) (*consul.WriteMeta, error) {
var result *consul.WriteMeta
err := instrument.CollectedRequest(options.Context(), "Put", c.consulMetrics.consulRequestDuration, instrument.ErrorCode, func(ctx context.Context) error {
options = options.WithContext(ctx)
var err error
result, err = c.kv.Put(p, options)
return err
})
return result, err
}
``` |
State Highway 302 (SH 302) is a Texas state highway maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). The route runs from U.S. Route 285 northwest of Pecos to Interstate 20 near Odessa. The route passes through Reeves, Loving, Winkler, and Ector counties. SH 302 has intersections with SH 115 and SH 18 in the Kermit area, and SH 158 east of Notrees. The route intersects Loop 338 and Spur 450 in West Odessa and then follows Loop 338 along the west side of Odessa until SH 302 terminates at I-20. SH 302 also intersects several Farm to Market Roads and an Interstate business route.
SH 302 was originally designated in 1938 as a route between Kermit and Odessa, but has since incorporated the former SH 276 and a defunct Farm to Market Road to achieve its present length. Loving County, where the route passes through Mentone, is the nation's least populous county in stark contrast to the urbanized eastern end of the route in the Odessa area.
History
SH 302 was originally created on January 26, 1939, from Odessa northwest 12.7 miles in the direction of Kermit. On February 20, 1939, SH 302 was extended to Kermit, but with the route's designation being contingent upon completion of work then being done in Winkler County. Soon after, the state assumed maintenance of the Ector County portion, and the following year in 1940 the state assumed maintenance of the Winkler County part of the route. On September 7, 1938, SH 276 was designated over the current western terminus at US 285 to Mentone, although a portion of that route existed as early as 1936 as an earth road from US 285 to the former town of Arno.
On April 16, 1946, SH 276 was designated over a second, discontinuous portion of the present route between SH 115 west of Kermit to SH 82 in Kermit. On August 12, 1946, that designation was dropped and that segment was added as an extension of SH 302 westward to SH 115. On July 14, 1949, Farm to Market Road 1211 (FM 1211) was designated over a section of the present route from Mentone to the northeast. On December 17, 1952, FM 1211 was extended incrementally to the Winkler County line and then to SH 115. On December 1, 1953, the designation of SH 276 was dropped and that road between US 285 and Mentone became part of SH 302, and SH 302 was signed, but not designated, along FM 1211 from Mentone to SH 115 near Kermit. On February 27, 1958, SH 82, the intersecting route in Kermit, was renamed SH 18.
On September 26, 1967, SH 302 was rerouted over Loop 338 in Ector County to I-20. Its former route between Loop 338 and US 385 in Odessa was then designated as Spur 450. On August 29, 1990, the section of SH 302 from Mentone to SH 115 near Kermit was officially designated, cancelling FM 1211.
Route description
SH 302 begins at US 285 between Pecos and Orla in Reeves County as a two-lane road. The route proceeds to the northeast crossing the Pecos River before passing through Mentone in Loving County. The route continues eastward crossing into Winkler County and intersecting SH 115 just outside Kermit. In Kermit, the route is known as Jim Sharp Blvd. and widens to four lanes with a left turn lane in the middle. After crossing SH 18, the route continues eastward losing the left turn lane as it leaves town. The route continues as a four-lane, undivided highway into Ector County where the route is known as Kermit Hwy. Just east of Notrees, the route becomes a divided highway and passes along the northern edge of West Odessa before joining along Loop 338, Odessa's beltway. The passage of SH 302 along Loop 338 begins as a freeway, but later has limited crossings at grade. SH 302 terminates at the intersection of Loop 338 and I-20.
The route passes through largely level terrain requiring only gentle grades. The route traverses many oil fields along its length, and encounters fields of sand dunes east of Kermit. The western portion of the highway west of Kermit is especially isolated as the route passes through Loving County, the only county in the nation with fewer than 100 residents.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
302
Transportation in Reeves County, Texas
Transportation in Loving County, Texas
Transportation in Winkler County, Texas
Transportation in Ector County, Texas |
The Queens Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a memorial at Elmhurst Park in Elmhurst, Queens, New York City in honor of the veterans of the Vietnam War of 1955–1975. It was designed by Landscape Architects Denise Mattes and Frank Varro, and fabricated by Sprung Monuments, Corinthian Cast Stone Inc., and Barre Granite Association Inc.
Located at the northeastern corner of Elmhurst Park, it was announced in June 2017. Although planning and fundraising started in the mid-2000s, construction began on November 29, 2018, with $2.3 million in funding from the Queens Borough Council. The memorial was dedicated on December 20, 2019.
Design
The Memorial is a slightly sunken elliptical space framed by two Barre Gray Granite walls. One wall contains the names of the 371 Queens residents who died in the Vietnam War, with their ages at their death. Under the names is a timeline of the war, describing some of the major events from May 7, 1954 to April 30, 1975. There is then a short statement honoring those veterans who have lost their lives after the war due to things ranging from PTSD to Agent Orange exposure side effects. It also honors Pat Toro, a veteran who advocated for the memorial but died prior to its construction. The opposite granite wall has a drawing of Bamboo etched in its surface, with a bench where visitors can sit and view the names and history. The outside face of the wall is engraved with the name of the memorial, a dedication to all Vietnam Veterans, an engraving of the Vietnam Service Medal, and of the Service Marks for the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force and Coast Guard. The faces of the wall with the title and the names and history are lit, as is a flag pole. In the center of the elliptical space is a granite map showing the area around Vietnam, with several places mentioned in the historical text marked as well. The vertical seam running through Vietnam on the map marks the longitudinal great circle that the memorial lies on. The plantings around the memorial were selected to provide color throughout the year, with a focus on fall color of Green, Yellow and Red, the colors of the Vietnam Service Medal Ribbon, around Veterans Day.
History
The Memorial was donated by Borough President Melinda Katz after securing funding. She, along with the New York City Parks Department, Queens veterans, various elected officials, and community leaders broke ground for its construction. It was the first memorial to honor all Queens residents who served in the Vietnam War and were killed in action, or listed as "Missing in Action." Also present at the groundbreaking ceremony were State Senators Joseph Addabbo, Jr. and Toby Ann Stavisky, Assemblymembers Brian Barnwell and Michael DenDekker, City Councilmember Robert Holden and State Senator-elect John Liu. The site is within Elmhurst Park, which opened in 2011.
Vandalism
On June 2, 2021, the Memorial was vandalized with graffiti. The graffiti included negative references to God, "fallen souls", and “baby killers,” as well as a swastika over a 110, presumably for the 110th Police Precinct.
References
2018 establishments in New York City
2010s in Queens
2020s in Queens
Buildings and structures in Queens, New York
Elmhurst, Queens
Military history of New York City
Monuments and memorials in New York City
Vietnam War monuments and memorials in the United States |
Perpetual Grace, LTD is an American neo-noir thriller television series that premiered on Epix on June 2, 2019.
The series is produced by MGM Television and FX Productions, with co-creators Steven Conrad and Bruce Terris writing each episode. The main cast features Ben Kingsley, Jimmi Simpson, Luis Guzmán, Damon Herriman, Chris Conrad, and Jacki Weaver; with Terry O'Quinn, Kurtwood Smith, Timothy Spall, and Michael Chernus in recurring roles.
On January 30, 2020, it was announced by Epix that the series was not renewed for a second season, but was planned to conclude with a limited run. However, Conrad stated, "under these terms, never going to happen".
Premise
Perpetual Grace, LTD follows "James, a young grifter, as he attempts to prey upon Pastor Byron Brown, who turns out to be far more dangerous than he suspects."
Cast and characters
Main
Ben Kingsley as Byron "Pa" Brown – A dangerous and manipulative pastor that runs a rehabilitation center, which he uses to steal from those he helps
Jimmi Simpson as James Schaeler – A disturbed ex-firefighter that is roped into Paul's scheme
Luis Guzmán as Hector Contreras – A Hermosillo sheriff that is tasked with imprisoning Ma and Pa
Damon Herriman as Paul Allen Brown – Ma and Pa's delinquent magician son who schemes to steal their money
Chris Conrad as Tracy "New Leaf" Connelly – One of Ma and Pa's former victims who believes that Paul is responsible for his misery
Jacki Weaver as Lillian "Ma" Brown – Pa's less violent but equally cunning wife
Recurring
Terry O'Quinn as Wesley Walker, a Texas Ranger that suspects Paul of murder
Kurtwood Smith as Dave Lesser, Lillian's falsely convicted sex offender foster brother
Timothy Spall as Donald DeLoash, a former criminal associate of Pa's
Michael Chernus as Everly Pirdoo, the town alcoholic and Glenn's father
Efren Ramirez as Felipe Guillermo Usted, a Mexican coroner who aids in Paul's scheme
Hana Mae Lee as Scotty Sholes, Pa's church's sardonic parishioner
Dana DeLorenzo as Valerie Spoonts, a crude car saleswoman that recruits Hector to be part of Paul's scheme
Veronica Falcón as Clara, a cartel woman who seeks to kill Pa
Dash Williams as Glenn Pirdoo, a fifteen year-old boy forced to work in his father's pawn shop
Eliana Alexander as Marisol Contreras, Hector's loving wife
Alonso Alvarez as Emile Contreras, Hector's lazy son
Calvin Benuto as Matthias Contreras, Hector's lazy son
Episodes
Production
Development
On August 28, 2018, it was announced that Epix had given the production, then titled Our Lady, LTD, a series order for a first season consisting of ten episodes set to premiere in 2019. The series is written and showrun by Steven Conrad and Bruce Terris both of whom also executive produce alongside Todd Black, Jason Blumenthal, and Steve Tisch. Conrad directed six episodes of the series as well. The series is produced by MGM Television. On February 10, 2019, it was announced during the Television Critics Association's annual winter press tour that the series had been renamed Perpetual Grace, LTD.
Casting
Alongside the series order announcement, it was confirmed that Ben Kingsley would star in the series. On August 30, 2018, it was announced that Jimmi Simpson had been cast in a leading role. On September 4, 2018, it was reported that Jacki Weaver had been cast in a starring role. In November 2018, it was announced that Luis Guzmán, Damon Herriman, and Chris Conrad had been cast in series regular roles, that Kurtwood Smith and Terry O'Quinn would appear in a recurring capacity, and that Hana Mae Lee would appear in a guest role. On February 4, 2019, it was reported that Timothy Spall had been cast in a recurring role.
Filming
Principal photography for the series commenced in November 2018 in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Filming occurred in locations that month near Santa Fe including Los Cerrillos. In December 2018, shooting took place in Los Alamos with film sites including Los Alamos County Airport, Main Gate Park, Los Alamos National Bank, and DP Road. Filming was scheduled to last until March 2019.
Music
The original music for the series was created by The Jones Sisters, a band composed of series creator Steven Conrad, Guided by Voices' Bobby Bare Jr., Iron & Wine guitarist Jim Becker and The Autumn Defense bassist Brad Jones. The soundtrack was released on August 2, 2019, by Fat Possum Records. Alex Wurman composed the series' musical score.
Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season has an approval rating of 88% with an average score of 9.5 out of 10 based on 16 reviews. The site's critical consensus is, "Singularly strange, Perpetual Grace, LTD boasts a brilliant cast (led by a hypnotic turn from Ben Kingsley), impressive panoramas, and no shortage of twisty delights."
References
External links
on Epix
Our Lady of Perpetual Grace LTD
2010s American drama television series
2019 American television series debuts
American thriller television series
English-language television shows
MGM+ original programming
Neo-noir television series
Nonlinear narrative television series
Television series by MGM Television
Television shows filmed in New Mexico
Television shows set in Mexico
Television shows set in New Mexico |
Fifty-Five Vault is a Ben Folds compilation album featuring 56 tracks, mostly unreleased live recordings and demos. It was released jointly with The Best Imitation of Myself: A Retrospective as a digital-only album available via Folds' website.
Track listing
All songs performed by Ben Folds, unless otherwise noted.
+ denotes previously unreleased.
External links
Official Site
Ben Folds Five albums
2011 compilation albums |
Honjogawa Dam is a gravity dam located in Hyogo Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control, irrigation and water supply. The catchment area of the dam is 3.4 km2. The dam impounds about 12 ha of land when full and can store 1720 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1985 and completed in 2004.
See also
List of dams in Japan
References
Dams in Hyogo Prefecture |
Roberta Lynn Williams (; born February 16, 1953) is an American video game designer and writer, who co-founded Sierra On-Line with her husband, game developer Ken Williams. In 1980, her first game, Mystery House, became a modest commercial success; it is credited as the first graphic adventure game. She is also known for creating and maintaining the King's Quest series, as well as designing the full motion video game Phantasmagoria in 1995.
Sierra was acquired by CUC International in 1996, leading to layoffs and management changes. Williams took a brief sabbatical, and returned to the company in a game design role, but grew increasingly frustrated with CUC's creative and business decisions. After the release of King's Quest: Mask of Eternity in 1998, she left the game industry in 1999 and focused her retirement on traveling and writing historical fiction. In 2021 she released her historical novel, Farewell to Tara. Soon after, she returned to game development with the 3D remake of the classic adventure game Colossal Cave Adventure, released in January 2023 as Colossal Cave.
Several publications have named Roberta Williams as one of the best or most influential creators in the video game industry, for co-founding Sierra, pioneering the graphic adventure game genre, and creating the King's Quest series. Several publications have called her the "Queen of adventure games". She has received the Industry Icon Award from The Game Awards, and the Pioneer Award at the Game Developers Choice Awards.
Early life and career
Born in Los Angeles, Roberta Heuer grew up in rural Southern California as the daughter of an agricultural inspector. A shy child with a vivid imagination, she often created fairy-tale adventure stories to entertain her family. She would lie in bed and imagine fantastical situations, which she sometimes described as her "movies". She met her future husband Ken Williams when they were both teenagers, and the two began dating. After high school she became a clerk at the Los Angeles County Welfare Department, in part thanks to her father's connections working in local government. In late 1972 Roberta married Ken just a few days after his eighteenth birthday, and gave birth to their first son in November 1973. The couple briefly moved to Illinois, where she was employed as a computer operator, soon moving back to Los Angeles where she took a job at Lawry's Foods as a computer programmer working in COBOL.
By 1979 the couple had two children. Ken was employed as a computer programmer and consultant, working on large IBM mainframe machines. They wanted to leave Los Angeles to fulfill their dream of living in the woods. As Ken brainstormed ideas for a technology business that could become viable outside of a major city, Roberta purchased an AppleII computer for the family, which strained their expenses. Roberta's love of computers grew as she played several text adventure games.
Game design career
Early graphic adventure games (1979–1983)
Around 1979, Roberta Williams was an avid player of text adventures on her teletype machine, particularly as a fan of Colossal Cave Adventure. She was inspired to speak to her husband Ken Williams about her vision for what a video game could be, drawing influence from Agatha Christie's story And Then There Were None, and the board game Clue. Roberta convinced Ken to provide the technical knowledge to program the game, while she contributed her experience with fiction and storytelling. Roberta drew the pictures using her Apple II and a Versawriter, a graphics tablet that could be used to hand-trace a piece of paper and input the image into a computer. Since no programs existed to read the Versawriter image, Ken had to write one, eventually compressing nearly seventy images onto a disk.
The result was Mystery House, an adventure game with black and white graphics for the Apple II computer. Released in 1980, the game was distributed by mail order, advertised in computer magazines under the name of Ken's consulting company, On-Line Systems. The game soon sold ten thousand copies, with Roberta personally packing the disks and supporting materials in Ziploc bags, and answering her home phone to provide hints for the game's puzzles. Ken began to personally distribute copies of the game to computer stores. He quit his consulting job, with hopes that it would allow the couple to eventually move out of the city.
They released the Wizard and the Princess later that year, improving on their previous title with color graphics and dithering. The game sold 60,000 copies, leading them to hire more employees for distribution and programming. Encouraged by the success of their first two games, On-Line Systems switched its focus from consulting to game development. Roberta's ambitions grew with the design of Time Zone, a time-travelling game spanning thousands of years, which was released on twelve disks in 1982. Around this time, Roberta's parents retired and moved to Oakhurst, California, and she hoped to move close by. With their company expanding, the couple was finally able to move On-Line Systems from Simi Valley, California to Coarsegold. They also changed their company name to Sierra On-Line, based on its location near the Sierra Nevada mountains.
After just two years Sierra had grown to nearly a hundred employees with $10million in revenue. Sierra's success started to attract investors, including venture capitalists. Around this time, Jim Henson approached Ken Williams to create a game adaptation of The Dark Crystal, before the film's release. Roberta was excited by the project, believing video games to be a facet of entertainment as much as film. She designed much of the game adaptation on paper; it was finalized and released in 1983. The high-profile game caused the company to attract mainstream media attention, and Roberta hoped that the entertainment industry would not just recognize the value of games, but also the value of the artists who created them.
King's Quest breakthrough (1983–1994)
By 1983 Sierra's new investors pushed the company to diversify into video game cartridges for platforms such as the Atari. The video game industry soon experienced a crash, and Sierra's board of directors began to push a merger with Spinnaker Software, an educational software company. When Spinnaker presented their proposal to the Sierra board, Roberta proclaimed, "These guys are a joke. No one in the industry respects them. Can't we talk about something productive?" Although Ken Williams was amenable to the deal, Roberta strongly opposed it, and the merger did not proceed. Sierra was forced to downsize to 30 employees, and the Williams family mortgaged their home to pay their remaining employees.
Sierra had cultivated a strong relationship with IBM as the IBM PC was being developed, and Wizard and the Princess was one of the first games released for the computer under the title Adventure in Serenia. Around the time of Sierra's financial difficulties, IBM offered to invest in the struggling company, with hopes of creating a game that could showcase the technical capabilities of their upcoming IBM PCjr. Roberta had wanted to build on her experience with The Wizard and the Princess with a fully animated adventure game, in a pseudo-3D world. This led to the 1984 release of King's Quest, conceived as a blend of common fairy tales that could be directly experienced as a game. Although the PCjr was considered a failure, King's Quest was ported to many other platforms and quickly rose to bestseller status. The game was considered revolutionary for its pseudo-3D elements, becoming the first adventure game to allow the player character to move in front of, behind, or over other objects on the screen. It was also the first computer game to support the 16-color EGA standard, setting a new standard for future graphic adventure games.
Meanwhile, Roberta continued her role as designer of the King's Quest series, which earned a reputation for its unique style of storytelling, as well as its increasingly advanced graphics and technology. The 1986 release of King's Quest III: To Heir is Human was larger and longer than previous games in the series, and earned a ranking on Time's list of 50 Best Video Games of All Time. When King's Quest IV: The Perils of Rosella was released in 1988, it was one of the first games to receive sound card support, and one of the first adventure games to support a mouse. It was also one of the first games to feature a female protagonist, a creative decision that Williams seeded by introducing the character in the previous game. Some of her peers cautioned that this might deter men from playing the game, but it was even more commercially successful than previous installments. A post-release survey revealed that most men did not mind playing as a female protagonist, whereas many female players preferred the experience. Sierra received registration cards for the game with a near 40% female audience, leading journalists to credit Williams with expanding the player base for personal computer games. King's Quest IV has been considered one of the most influential video games of all time, impacting the design of games such as Maniac Mansion and other LucasArts adventure games.
Williams continued to design other titles, such as the educational title Mixed-Up Mother Goose. The game went on to sell more than 500,000 copies, and the CD-ROM version earned the Software Publishers Association Excellence in Software Award for Best Early Education Program. In 1989 Williams released another mystery adventure game called The Colonel's Bequest, which iterated on ideas from her original Mystery House game with more detailed graphics and improved text parsing. The game was still rare for featuring a female protagonist, and deviated from the traditional adventure game formula to become more of an interactive mystery, putting more onus on the player to discover the plot. The 1990 release of King's Quest V became the first game to use an icon-based interface, continuing the series' innovations in game design. The game was critically acclaimed, winning several awards upon release, with Computer Gaming World including it in their 1996 list of greatest games of all time.
By the early 1990s Sierra was a publicly traded company, generating $100million per year in revenue. The company released The Dagger of Amon Ra in 1991, a sequel to The Colonel's Bequest based on characters and concepts created by Williams. Meanwhile, Williams worked with Jane Jensen to design King's Quest VI. Released in 1992, it was recognized by several publications as one of the best adventure games, if not one of the best games overall. By the mid 1990s, Williams was considered the company's most popular game designer, particularly for her success with the King's Quest series. The saga is still remembered as the only video game series created and maintained by a female designer.
Later games and career exit (1995–1999)
Williams branched out from her work on King's Quest by designing Phantasmagoria, a realistic horror adventure game. As a long time fan of the novels of Stephen King, she had often contemplated whether it was possible to create a terrifying video game. Because she believed it would be difficult to make a truly frightening game without live actors, the game was created entirely in full-motion video. The production ultimately cost $4million, with a team of nearly two hundred people and a script of more than five hundred pages. Designed as a mature title for adults, The game was marketed as an interactive film, and published on seven CD-ROMs. Although Phantasmagoria received a mixed critical reception, it was one of the most commercially successful adventure games and Sierra's bestselling game, selling more than a million copies upon its release in 1995. Williams recalls the game as her favorite achievement.
In 1996 Sierra was sold to CUC International for more than a billion dollars in stock. Roberta had opposed the deal, and several other high-ranking Sierra employees had felt there was something suspicious about CUC's financials. Roberta ultimately acquiesced, recognizing that the terms of the deal were too favorable to refuse, and that she could be sued by their shareholders if she failed to maximize their value. The company's management and decision-making dramatically changed under CUC, leading Ken Williams to leave his role at Sierra and work directly for their new parent company. The CUC restructuring also led to lay-offs. Roberta Williams took a sabbatical from the game industry, as the company released The Roberta Williams Anthology, a compilation of 14 games.
Roberta Williams returned to game development in early 1997 to work on King's Quest: Mask of Eternity. She hoped to re-introduce some interactivity absent in Phantasmagoria, and to embrace the advances in 3D graphics technology. Sierra had changed significantly as a company, and its new management insisted on adding elements from popular role-playing games such as Diablo, while straying from the game's traditional adventure elements. When she removed certain role-playing elements, the team would re-add them, leading to a power struggle with management. Roberta's frustrations with her lack of control were coupled with suspicions of CUC, after allegations of financial fraud had surfaced about the company. Worried about the company's future, she talked to Ken about selling their stock. The couple soon divested from the company, Ken resigning at the end of 1997, and Roberta staying to finish Mask of Eternity. Released in 1998, the game was considered a commercial and critical disappointment, leading to further layoffs, and the sale of Sierra to Vivendi. That year, CUC was convicted of financial fraud, having exaggerated their revenues by more than half a billion dollars (equivalent to $million in ). The decline of Sierra had an emotional impact on Roberta, who left the company in 1999. By the 2000s, Sierra's assets were held by Activision Blizzard, after a merger between Activision and Vivendi.
Retirement
After the release of King's Quest: Mask of Eternity, Roberta Williams described herself as taking a sabbatical from the game industry in 1999. In actuality, both she and Ken had signed a non-compete clause with CUC that prevented them from working in the game industry for five years. According to Ken, "By the time the five years were up, we had moved on to other ventures," thus ending Roberta's career in the game industry after 18 years and 20 games. At that time, she stayed away from the public eye and rarely spoke to the press. In a rare 2006 interview she said her greatest achievement was creating Phantasmagoria, though she expressed her love of the King's Quest series for its influence on her early career. Williams said that her role as a game designer was in the past, and that she was focused on writing a historical novel. She has also focused on travel, becoming an avid sailor with her husband.
In 2011 the video game website Gamezebo reported that she had returned from her sabbatical as a design consultant on the social network game Odd Manor, for Facebook. By 2012, Replay Games had recruited Sierra veterans Al Lowe and Paul Trowe to return to the Leisure Suit Larry adventure game series, which led Trowe to try to persuade the Williamses to return to the game industry. Activision hired Telltale Games to develop a new entry in the King's Quest series. Williams declined to work on the game, but did offer some advice. The game was later canceled in 2013. Activision attempted to revive the Sierra brand in 2014, leading developer The Odd Gentlemen to create King's Quest: A Knight to Remember. According to the studio, they consulted with Roberta Williams "to make a game like they would make if they had continued making adventure games".
In 2019 Vancouver Film School announced The Roberta Williams Women in Game Design Scholarship, in partnership with game studios The Coalition and Blackbird Interactive. In 2021, Williams self-published her first novel Farewell to Tara, set in mid-1800s Ireland during the time of the Great Famine.
Roberta and Ken announced plans to return to game development in June 2021, in collaboration with artist Marcus Maximus Mera. In an interview that same year, she expressed caution that a veteran game designer could successfully return to the industry after an extended break, saying there are merits to ending one's career at its peak. In 2022 the team revealed that their new studio Cygnus Entertainment was creating a remake of Colossal Cave Adventure titled Colossal Cave 3D Adventure. Roberta explained that this pioneering game from the 1970s had inspired her career, and she was excited to re-imagine it as an interactive 3D experience.
Legacy and accolades
In 1995 Next Generation included Roberta Williams among their list of 75 power players in the game industry. Computer Gaming World also ranked her as tenth on their 1997 list of the most influential people in computer gaming, praising her impact on the design of adventure games. GameSpot likewise ranked her number ten on their 1999 list of "the most influential people in computer gaming of all time" for "pushing the envelope of graphic adventures" and being "especially proactive in creating games from a woman's point of view and titles that appealed to the mainstream market, all the while integrating the latest technologies in graphics and sound wherever possible". In 2009 IGN included both her and Ken in the 23rd position on the list of top game creators of all time, highlighting their role in co-founding Sierra as "the company behind some of the best and most well known adventure games of the '80s and '90s".
Computer Gaming World inducted Roberta Williams into their Hall of Fame in 2011. Both Roberta and Ken were given an Industry Icon Award at The Game Awards in 2014. She also earned the Pioneer Award at the 20th Game Developers Choice Awards in March 2020, for her influential work in the graphical adventure game genre with Mystery House, as well as her role in creating the King's Quest series and co-founding Sierra.
Ken Williams has described her as a perfectionist, "extremely smart, intuitive and usually right. She can't be managed." Ars Technica has called her "one of the more iconic figures in adventure gaming", noting her as one of the first well-known female game designers, and praising her writing and design work on Phantasmagoria and the King's Quest series. The Smithsonian Magazine has noted her as a pioneer of graphic adventure games, for creating the first home computer game to include graphics. Several publications have referred to her as "the Queen of adventure games".
Roberta Williams has personally inspired the characters and artwork of other games. She posed for the cover of the game Softporn Adventure by Chuck Benton, published by On-Line Systems. She posed much later with her children as Mother Goose for the cover photograph of Mixed-Up Mother Goose. She also makes a cameo appearance in Leisure Suit Larry 3, where Larry interrupts her while "directing" a scene for King's QuestIV. Ellie Williams, protagonist of the 2013 video game series The Last of Us is named for Ken and Roberta. She was also a source of inspiration for the character of Cameron Howe in the AMC television drama Halt and Catch Fire. The Williams family donated a collection of design materials to the International Center for the History of Electronic Games.
Works
Games
Mystery House (1980)
Wizard and the Princess (1980)
Mission Asteroid (1981)
Time Zone (1982)
The Dark Crystal (1983)
King's Quest I: Quest for the Crown (1984)
Mickey's Space Adventure (1984)
King's Quest II: Romancing the Throne (1985)
King's Quest III: To Heir Is Human (1986)
Mixed-Up Mother Goose (1987)
King's Quest IV: The Perils of Rosella (1988)
Laura Bow: The Colonel's Bequest (1989)
King's Quest V: Absence Makes the Heart Go Yonder! (1990)
King's Quest 1: Quest for the Crown (Remake) (1990)
Mixed-Up Mother Goose Multimedia (1990)
Laura Bow in The Dagger of Amon Ra (1992)
King's Quest VI: Heir Today, Gone Tomorrow (1992)
King's Quest VII: The Princeless Bride (1994)
Mixed-Up Mother Goose Deluxe (1995)
Phantasmagoria (1995)
Shivers (1995)
King's Quest: Mask of Eternity (1998)
Odd Manor (2014)
Colossal Cave - Remake (2023)
Novels
Farewell to Tara (2021)
References
External links
1953 births
American video game actresses
American video game designers
Game Developers Conference Pioneer Award recipients
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Sierra On-Line employees
Video game writers
Women video game designers
Women video game developers
The Game Awards winners |
Josh Brown (born 26 December 1993) is an Australian cricketer who plays for Brisbane Heat in the Big Bash League. He is a right-handed batsman and a right arm medium pace bowler. On 26 February 2023, he made his List A debut for the Queensland against the New South Wales in the 2022–23 Marsh One-Day Cup.
Career
Brown grew up in Brisbane and played soccer as a youth, starting cricket at age 13 he didn’t take it seriously till age 23 and progressed from third grade cricket to the Queensland Second XI in 18 months. He plays grade cricket for Northern Suburbs District Cricket Club, and in 2019 club cricket in England where he played for Histon in the Cambridge and Hunts Premier League. His time in England including a knock of 113 from 71 balls against East Socon which including 13 6’s. In August 2022 Brown hit the second highest score ever in the Queensland T20 Max competition, when he hit 159 from 59 balls opening for Northern Districts. He makes cricket bats, including his own.
2022-23 Big Bash
Brown made his debut in the Big Bash for Brisbane Heat on 15 December, 2022 against the Melbourne Renegades. In his second match, on January 1 2023, he scored 62 runs from 23 balls and won the Player of the Match award against the Sydney Sixers. It was the fifth fastest half-century in club history, but Brown was so new to the team
he did not even have his name on the back of his kit. Commentator Adam Gilchrist described Brown as “his new favourite player” and Brown spoke of this being meaningful as he had himself taken time-off school to watch Gilchrist play at The Gabba. Brown received publicity because uniquely in modern sport he played the innings using a bat he had made himself. Brown played consistently at the top of the batting order for Brisbane Heat throughout the rest of the 2022-23 Big Bash and they reached the final against Perth Scorchers on February 4, 2023. In the final Brown opened the innings for Brisbane batting first and scored 25 from twelve balls.
References
Living people
1993 births
Australian cricketers
Brisbane Heat cricketers
Cricketers from Brisbane |
Edward Lee Poh Lin (1949/50 – 20 December 2011) was a Malaysian politician of Chinese descent who was a Member of the Selangor State Assembly for N. 34 Bukit Gasing. He was also a member of the state transparency committee (SELCAT).
Elections
In the Malaysian 2008 General Elections, he won the seat of Bukit Gasing, Selangor, on a party ticket of the DAP and received 15,735 votes with a majority of 8,812 votes.
Personal life
Death
On 20 December 2011, Edward Lee Poh Lin died of cancer at the age of 61.
References
External links
YB Edward Lee Poh Lin's official website
2011 deaths
Democratic Action Party (Malaysia) politicians
1949 births |
The 1968 USC Trojans baseball team represented the University of Southern California in the 1968 NCAA University Division baseball season. The team was coached Rod Dedeaux in his 27th season.
The Trojans won the College World Series, defeating the Southern Illinois Salukis in the championship game.
Roster
Schedule
! style="background:#FFCC00;color:#990000;"| Regular season
|- valign="top"
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| February 23 || || 9–4 || 1–0 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| February 24 || || 5–3 || 2–0 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| February 24 || San Diego State || 2–0 || 3–0 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| February 28 || || 9–2 || 4–0 || –
|-
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 1 || at || 0–2 || 4–1 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 2 || || 0–1 || 4–2 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffdddd"
| March 4 || at || 0–3 || 4–3 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 11 || at || 7–4 || 5–3 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 12 || || 0–3 || 5–4 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 15 || || 2–1 || 6–4 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 16 || || 0–7 || 6–5 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 16 || BYU || 3–0 || 7–5 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 19 || || 2–1 || 8–5 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 22 || Long Beach State || 0–3 || 8–6 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 25 || || 4–0 || 9–6 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 26 || Cal State Los Angeles || 9–3 || 10–6 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| March 29 || || 9–3 || 11–6 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| March 30 || || 4–9 || 11–7 || –
|-
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 2 || Chapman || 6–2 || 12–7 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| April 5 || || 5–6 || 12–8 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| || at || 16–0 || 13–8 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| || vs. || 4–0 || 14–8 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| || vs. || 7–0 || 15–8 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| || vs. || 10–4 || 16–8 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| April 16 || UC Santa Barbara || 3–12 || 16–9 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 19 || at || 8–5 || 17–9 || 1–0
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 20 || at Stanford || 3–1 || 18–9 || 2–0
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddddff"
| April 20 || at Stanford || 2–2 || 18–9–1 || 2–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 23 || San Fernando Valley State || 8–6 || 19–9–1 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 26 || || 7–3 || 20–9–1 || 3–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 27 || || 4–1 || 21–9–1 || 4–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 27 || Oregon || 6–3 || 22–9–1 || 5–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 29 || || 9–4 || 23–9–1 || 6–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 29 || Washington || 16–10 || 24–9–1 || 7–0–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| April 30 || || 4–3 || 25–9–1 || 8–0–1
|-
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffdddd"
| May 3 || || 4–7 || 25–10–1 || 8–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 4 || UCLA || 8–3 || 26–10–1 || 9–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 7 || Cal Poly Pomona || 3–0 || 27–10–1 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 10 || Stanford || 4–3 || 28–10–1 || 10–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 11 || California || 3–1 || 29–10–1 || 11–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 11 || California || 8–1 || 30–10–1 || 12–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| May 14 || || 10–1 || 31–10–1 || –
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 17 || at Washington || 10–4 || 32–10–1 || 13–1–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ffdddd"
| May 18 || at Washington State || 3–9 || 32–11–1 || 13–2–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 18 || at Washington State || 6–1 || 33–11–1 || 14–2–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 21 || at Oregon || 11–6 || 34–11–1 || 15–2–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="#ddffdd"
| May 25 || at UCLA || 11–2 || 35–11–1 || 16–2–1
|-
|-
! style="background:#FFCC00;color:#990000;"| Post-season
|-
|-
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| May 31 || vs. Cal State Los Angeles || 4–2 || 36–11–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ffdddd"
| June 1 || vs. Cal State Los Angeles || 4–8 || 36–12–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 1 || vs. Cal State Los Angeles || 5–4 || 37–12–1
|-
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 11 || vs. BYU || Rosenblatt Stadium || 5–3 || 38–12–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 12 || vs. Oklahoma State || Rosenblatt Stadium || 6–5 || 39–12–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 13 || vs. || Rosenblatt Stadium || 7–6 || 40–12–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 14 || vs. || Rosenblatt Stadium || 2–0 || 41–12–1
|- align="center" bgcolor="ddffdd"
| June 15 || vs. Southern Illinois || Rosenblatt Stadium || 4–3 || 42–12–1
|-
Awards and honors
Jim Barr
All-Pac-8 Second Team
Reid Braden
All-Pac-8 First Team
Pat Harrison
All-America First Team
All-Pac-8 First Team
Bill Lee
College World Series All-Tournament Team
All-Pac-8 Honorable Mention
Chuck Ramshaw
All-Pac-8 Second Team
Bill Seinsoth
College World Series Most Outstanding Player
All-America First Team
Steve Sogge
All-Pac-8 First Team
Trojans in the 1968 MLB Draft
The following members of the USC baseball program were drafted in the 1968 Major League Baseball Draft.
June regular draft
June secondary draft
January secondary draft
References
USC
USC Trojans baseball seasons
College World Series seasons
NCAA Division I baseball championship seasons
Pac-12 Conference baseball champion seasons
USC Trojans |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var isnan = require( '@stdlib/math/base/assert/is-nan' );
var gamma = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/gamma' );
var mean = require( '@stdlib/stats/base/dists/weibull/mean' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Returns the variance of a Weibull distribution.
*
* @param {PositiveNumber} k - shape parameter
* @param {PositiveNumber} lambda - scale parameter
* @returns {PositiveNumber} variance
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 1.0, 1.0 );
* // returns 1.0
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 4.0, 12.0 );
* // returns ~9.311
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 8.0, 2.0 );
* // returns ~0.078
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 1.0, -0.1 );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( -0.1, 1.0 );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( 2.0, NaN );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = variance( NaN, 2.0 );
* // returns NaN
*/
function variance( k, lambda ) {
var mu;
if (
isnan( k ) ||
isnan( lambda ) ||
k <= 0.0 ||
lambda <= 0.0
) {
return NaN;
}
mu = mean( k, lambda );
return ( lambda*lambda * ( gamma( 1.0 + (2.0/k) ) ) ) - ( mu*mu );
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = variance;
``` |
Okenia stellata is a species of sea slug, specifically a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae.
Distribution
This species was described from Australia. It is known from central New South Wales north to Northern Australia and on the west coast south to Kimberley in Western Australia.
Description
This Okenia has an ovate body and long lateral papillae held in a radiating pattern. The body is bright pink and just the tips of the mantle processes, the gills and the rhinophores are a deeper pink. There is a pattern of thin red lines on the back.
Ecology
The diet of this species is the bryozoan Pleurotoichus clathratus. It is very similar to Okenia hallucigenia and can be found with this species on the same food. Okenia nakamotoensis and Okenia kondoi are a pair of species from southern Japan, the Marshall Islands, the Philippines and Indonesia which are also similar to this species.
References
Goniodorididae
Gastropods described in 2004 |
```php
<?php
if ( ! class_exists( 'acf_field_checkbox' ) ) :
class acf_field_checkbox extends acf_field {
/**
* This function will setup the field type data
*
* @type function
* @date 5/03/2014
* @since 5.0.0
*
* @param n/a
* @return n/a
*/
function initialize() {
// vars
$this->name = 'checkbox';
$this->label = __( 'Checkbox', 'acf' );
$this->category = 'choice';
$this->description = __( 'A group of checkbox inputs that allow the user to select one, or multiple values that you specify.', 'acf' );
$this->preview_image = acf_get_url() . '/assets/images/field-type-previews/field-preview-checkbox.png';
$this->doc_url = acf_add_url_utm_tags( 'path_to_url 'docs', 'field-type-selection' );
$this->defaults = array(
'layout' => 'vertical',
'choices' => array(),
'default_value' => '',
'allow_custom' => 0,
'save_custom' => 0,
'toggle' => 0,
'return_format' => 'value',
'custom_choice_button_text' => __( 'Add new choice', 'acf' ),
);
}
/**
* Create the HTML interface for your field
*
* @param $field (array) the $field being rendered
*
* @type action
* @since 3.6
* @date 23/01/13
*
* @param $field (array) the $field being edited
* @return n/a
*/
function render_field( $field ) {
// reset vars
$this->_values = array();
$this->_all_checked = true;
// ensure array
$field['value'] = acf_get_array( $field['value'] );
$field['choices'] = acf_get_array( $field['choices'] );
// hiden input
acf_hidden_input( array( 'name' => $field['name'] ) );
// vars
$li = '';
$ul = array(
'class' => 'acf-checkbox-list',
);
// append to class
$ul['class'] .= ' ' . ( $field['layout'] == 'horizontal' ? 'acf-hl' : 'acf-bl' );
$ul['class'] .= ' ' . $field['class'];
// checkbox saves an array
$field['name'] .= '[]';
// choices
if ( ! empty( $field['choices'] ) ) {
// choices
$li .= $this->render_field_choices( $field );
// toggle
if ( $field['toggle'] ) {
$li = $this->render_field_toggle( $field ) . $li;
}
}
// custom
if ( $field['allow_custom'] ) {
$li .= $this->render_field_custom( $field );
}
// return
echo '<ul ' . acf_esc_attrs( $ul ) . '>' . "\n" . $li . '</ul>' . "\n"; //phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.EscapeOutput.OutputNotEscaped -- escaped by specific render methods above.
}
/**
* description
*
* @type function
* @date 15/7/17
* @since 5.6.0
*
* @param $post_id (int)
* @return $post_id (int)
*/
function render_field_choices( $field ) {
// walk
return $this->walk( $field['choices'], $field );
}
/**
* Validates values for the checkbox field
*
* @since 6.0.0
*
* @param boolean $valid If the field is valid.
* @param mixed $value The value to validate.
* @param array $field The main field array.
* @param string $input The input element's name attribute.
* @return boolean
*/
public function validate_value( $valid, $value, $field, $input ) {
if ( ! is_array( $value ) || empty( $field['allow_custom'] ) ) {
return $valid;
}
foreach ( $value as $value ) {
if ( empty( $value ) && $value !== '0' ) {
return __( 'Checkbox custom values cannot be empty. Uncheck any empty values.', 'acf' );
}
}
return $valid;
}
/**
* description
*
* @type function
* @date 15/7/17
* @since 5.6.0
*
* @param $post_id (int)
* @return $post_id (int)
*/
function render_field_toggle( $field ) {
// vars
$atts = array(
'type' => 'checkbox',
'class' => 'acf-checkbox-toggle',
'label' => __( 'Toggle All', 'acf' ),
);
// custom label
if ( is_string( $field['toggle'] ) ) {
$atts['label'] = $field['toggle'];
}
// checked
if ( $this->_all_checked ) {
$atts['checked'] = 'checked';
}
// return
return '<li>' . acf_get_checkbox_input( $atts ) . '</li>' . "\n";
}
/**
* description
*
* @type function
* @date 15/7/17
* @since 5.6.0
*
* @param $post_id (int)
* @return $post_id (int)
*/
function render_field_custom( $field ) {
// vars
$html = '';
// loop
foreach ( $field['value'] as $value ) {
// ignore if already eixsts
if ( isset( $field['choices'][ $value ] ) ) {
continue;
}
// vars
$esc_value = esc_attr( $value );
$text_input = array(
'name' => $field['name'],
'value' => $value,
);
// bail early if choice already exists
if ( in_array( $esc_value, $this->_values ) ) {
continue;
}
// append
$html .= '<li><input class="acf-checkbox-custom" type="checkbox" checked="checked" />' . acf_get_text_input( $text_input ) . '</li>' . "\n";
}
// append button
$html .= '<li><a href="#" class="button acf-add-checkbox">' . esc_attr( $field['custom_choice_button_text'] ) . '</a></li>' . "\n";
// return
return $html;
}
function walk( $choices = array(), $args = array(), $depth = 0 ) {
// bail early if no choices
if ( empty( $choices ) ) {
return '';
}
// defaults
$args = wp_parse_args(
$args,
array(
'id' => '',
'type' => 'checkbox',
'name' => '',
'value' => array(),
'disabled' => array(),
)
);
// vars
$html = '';
// sanitize values for 'selected' matching
if ( $depth == 0 ) {
$args['value'] = array_map( 'esc_attr', $args['value'] );
$args['disabled'] = array_map( 'esc_attr', $args['disabled'] );
}
// loop
foreach ( $choices as $value => $label ) {
// open
$html .= '<li>';
// optgroup
if ( is_array( $label ) ) {
$html .= '<ul>' . "\n";
$html .= $this->walk( $label, $args, $depth + 1 );
$html .= '</ul>';
// option
} else {
// vars
$esc_value = esc_attr( $value );
$atts = array(
'id' => $args['id'] . '-' . str_replace( ' ', '-', $value ),
'type' => $args['type'],
'name' => $args['name'],
'value' => $value,
'label' => $label,
);
// selected
if ( in_array( $esc_value, $args['value'] ) ) {
$atts['checked'] = 'checked';
} else {
$this->_all_checked = false;
}
// disabled
if ( in_array( $esc_value, $args['disabled'] ) ) {
$atts['disabled'] = 'disabled';
}
// store value added
$this->_values[] = $esc_value;
// append
$html .= acf_get_checkbox_input( $atts );
}
// close
$html .= '</li>' . "\n";
}
// return
return $html;
}
/**
* Create extra options for your field. This is rendered when editing a field.
* The value of $field['name'] can be used (like bellow) to save extra data to the $field
*
* @type action
* @since 3.6
* @date 23/01/13
*
* @param $field - an array holding all the field's data
*/
function render_field_settings( $field ) {
// Encode choices (convert from array).
$field['choices'] = acf_encode_choices( $field['choices'] );
$field['default_value'] = acf_encode_choices( $field['default_value'], false );
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Choices', 'acf' ),
'instructions' => __( 'Enter each choice on a new line.', 'acf' ) . '<br />' . __( 'For more control, you may specify both a value and label like this:', 'acf' ) . '<br /><span class="acf-field-setting-example">' . __( 'red : Red', 'acf' ) . '</span>',
'type' => 'textarea',
'name' => 'choices',
)
);
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Default Value', 'acf' ),
'instructions' => __( 'Enter each default value on a new line', 'acf' ),
'type' => 'textarea',
'name' => 'default_value',
)
);
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Return Value', 'acf' ),
'instructions' => __( 'Specify the returned value on front end', 'acf' ),
'type' => 'radio',
'name' => 'return_format',
'layout' => 'horizontal',
'choices' => array(
'value' => __( 'Value', 'acf' ),
'label' => __( 'Label', 'acf' ),
'array' => __( 'Both (Array)', 'acf' ),
),
)
);
}
/**
* Renders the field settings used in the "Validation" tab.
*
* @since 6.0
*
* @param array $field The field settings array.
* @return void
*/
function render_field_validation_settings( $field ) {
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Allow Custom Values', 'acf' ),
'name' => 'allow_custom',
'type' => 'true_false',
'ui' => 1,
'instructions' => __( "Allow 'custom' values to be added", 'acf' ),
)
);
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Save Custom Values', 'acf' ),
'name' => 'save_custom',
'type' => 'true_false',
'ui' => 1,
'instructions' => __( "Save 'custom' values to the field's choices", 'acf' ),
'conditions' => array(
'field' => 'allow_custom',
'operator' => '==',
'value' => 1,
),
)
);
}
/**
* Renders the field settings used in the "Presentation" tab.
*
* @since 6.0
*
* @param array $field The field settings array.
* @return void
*/
function render_field_presentation_settings( $field ) {
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Layout', 'acf' ),
'instructions' => '',
'type' => 'radio',
'name' => 'layout',
'layout' => 'horizontal',
'choices' => array(
'vertical' => __( 'Vertical', 'acf' ),
'horizontal' => __( 'Horizontal', 'acf' ),
),
)
);
acf_render_field_setting(
$field,
array(
'label' => __( 'Add Toggle All', 'acf' ),
'instructions' => __( 'Prepend an extra checkbox to toggle all choices', 'acf' ),
'name' => 'toggle',
'type' => 'true_false',
'ui' => 1,
)
);
}
/**
* This filter is appied to the $field before it is saved to the database
*
* @type filter
* @since 3.6
* @date 23/01/13
*
* @param $field - the field array holding all the field options
* @param $post_id - the field group ID (post_type = acf)
*
* @return $field - the modified field
*/
function update_field( $field ) {
// Decode choices (convert to array).
$field['choices'] = acf_decode_choices( $field['choices'] );
$field['default_value'] = acf_decode_choices( $field['default_value'], true );
return $field;
}
/**
* This filter is appied to the $value before it is updated in the db
*
* @type filter
* @since 3.6
* @date 23/01/13
*
* @param $value - the value which will be saved in the database
* @param $post_id - the post_id of which the value will be saved
* @param $field - the field array holding all the field options
*
* @return $value - the modified value
*/
function update_value( $value, $post_id, $field ) {
// bail early if is empty
if ( empty( $value ) ) {
return $value;
}
// select -> update_value()
$value = acf_get_field_type( 'select' )->update_value( $value, $post_id, $field );
// save_other_choice
if ( $field['save_custom'] ) {
// get raw $field (may have been changed via repeater field)
// if field is local, it won't have an ID
$selector = $field['ID'] ? $field['ID'] : $field['key'];
$field = acf_get_field( $selector );
if ( ! $field ) {
return false;
}
// bail early if no ID (JSON only)
if ( ! $field['ID'] ) {
return $value;
}
// loop
foreach ( $value as $v ) {
// ignore if already eixsts
if ( isset( $field['choices'][ $v ] ) ) {
continue;
}
// unslash (fixes serialize single quote issue)
$v = wp_unslash( $v );
// sanitize (remove tags)
$v = sanitize_text_field( $v );
// append
$field['choices'][ $v ] = $v;
}
// save
acf_update_field( $field );
}
// return
return $value;
}
/**
* This function will translate field settings
*
* @type function
* @date 8/03/2016
* @since 5.3.2
*
* @param $field (array)
* @return $field
*/
function translate_field( $field ) {
return acf_get_field_type( 'select' )->translate_field( $field );
}
/**
* This filter is appied to the $value after it is loaded from the db and before it is returned to the template
*
* @type filter
* @since 3.6
* @date 23/01/13
*
* @param $value (mixed) the value which was loaded from the database
* @param $post_id (mixed) the post_id from which the value was loaded
* @param $field (array) the field array holding all the field options
*
* @return $value (mixed) the modified value
*/
function format_value( $value, $post_id, $field ) {
// Bail early if is empty.
if ( acf_is_empty( $value ) ) {
return array();
}
// Always convert to array of items.
$value = acf_array( $value );
// Return.
return acf_get_field_type( 'select' )->format_value( $value, $post_id, $field );
}
/**
* Return the schema array for the REST API.
*
* @param array $field
* @return array
*/
public function get_rest_schema( array $field ) {
$schema = array(
'type' => array( 'integer', 'string', 'array', 'null' ),
'required' => isset( $field['required'] ) && $field['required'],
'items' => array(
'type' => array( 'string', 'integer' ),
),
);
if ( isset( $field['default_value'] ) && '' !== $field['default_value'] ) {
$schema['default'] = $field['default_value'];
}
// If we allow custom values, nothing else to do here.
if ( ! empty( $field['allow_custom'] ) ) {
return $schema;
}
$schema['items']['enum'] = acf_get_field_type( 'select' )->format_rest_choices( $field['choices'] );
return $schema;
}
}
// initialize
acf_register_field_type( 'acf_field_checkbox' );
endif; // class_exists check
``` |
Linda Ingrid Skugge (born Norrman, 9 October 1973 in Bromma, Stockholm) is a Swedish author and journalist (columnist). She has been a producer in theater Brunnsgatan 4 since 2012 and a head of events agency "Skugge & Co". She is writing articles for such media as Amelia,Chic, Icakuriren. Skugge lives in Sollentuna and is married to the musician Johan Skugge, with whom she has three daughters. Her career began in 1991 when she worked for the youth magazine Ultra Magazine. In 1993 she became a weekly columnist for Expressen. After many years of advocating feminism, in April 2006 Skugge suddenly announced that she would not call herself a feminist anymore. She also advised any girls who wanted a career to stop using that word. Linda Skugge also has a blog, which was the most read private blog in Sweden in January 2007. 2008 she started blogging for the Swedish magazine Amelia.
She also is known to be a publisher of Constant Reader drivers. Linda has some awards the likes of Årets Mama 2004 for her publications in the magazine "Mama", Haros prize" 2007 and "Amningshjälpens" award in 2008.
She was preparing a horror series "Himmelsberg" with the original idea of both Sigrid Tollgård and Linda Skugge and cooperation with Erika Stark. The first 8 episodes of the new series were issued on 27 October 2017 on Sweden Radio Play channel. At the moment she is writing a new play about the youth problems which will be released in the theater of Göteborg.
Bibliography
Lindas samlade (1996)
Saker under huden (1998)
Fittstim (tillsammans med Belinda Olsson) (1999)
Det här är inte en bok (2001)
Akta er killar här kommer Gud! Och hon är jävligt förbannad (2003)
Lilla Ångestboken (2003)
Men mest av allt vill jag hångla med nån, Linda Skugges dagbok 91–93 (2004)
Saker under huden (återutgåva) (2005)
Ett tal till min systers bröllop (2006)
Lindas bästa/värsta (2008)
1989 – leva eller överleva (2013), co-arthor with Sigrid Tollgård.
40 – constant reader'' (2014).
References
1973 births
Living people
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish journalists
Swedish women journalists
Swedish women bloggers
21st-century Swedish women writers
Swedish bloggers
People from Sollentuna Municipality |
Lake George Expedition Park is an amusement park located in Lake George, New York, United States along Route 9. It opened in 2019, and incorporates the Magic Forest, which opened in 1963, along with a new attraction entitled Dino Roar Valley.
Magic Forest
The Magic Forest was originally opened in 1963 by Arthur Gillette.
As a separate park, it featured the largest Uncle Sam statue in the world (as of May 9, 2019, the statue has since moved back home to Danbury, CT), a magic show, and cottages and attractions which tell the story of the Three Little Pigs, Jack Sprat, Hansel and Gretel, various princesses, Paul Bunyan, Pecos Bill, the Statue of Liberty, and the Spider Man. The park's famous Santa Claus overlooks the parking lot. Magic Forest also has a small petting zoo where children can feed the animals.
Dino Roar Valley
The other part of the park is Dino Roar Valley, which opened in 2019 and featuring animatronic dinosaurs.
References
External links
Amusement parks in New York (state)
1963 establishments in New York (state)
2019 establishments in New York (state)
Amusement parks opened in 1963
Amusement parks opened in 2019 |
Renato Macario (10 June 1920 – 30 May 2011) was an Italian rower. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London with the men's coxed four where they were eliminated in the semi-final.
References
1920 births
2011 deaths
Italian male rowers
Olympic rowers for Italy
Rowers at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from the Province of Bergamo
European Rowing Championships medalists
People from Lovere |
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# This file is part of satpy.
#
# satpy is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
# version.
#
# satpy is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
# WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
#
# satpy. If not, see <path_to_url
"""The glm_l2 reader tests package."""
import os
import unittest
from unittest import mock
import numpy as np
import xarray as xr
def setup_fake_dataset():
"""Create a fake dataset to avoid opening a file."""
# flash_extent_density
fed = (np.arange(10.).reshape((2, 5)) + 1.) * 50.
fed = (fed + 1.) / 0.5
fed = fed.astype(np.int16)
fed = xr.DataArray(
fed,
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"scale_factor": 0.5,
"add_offset": -1.,
"_FillValue": 0,
"units": "Count per nominal 3136 microradian^2 pixel per 1.0 min",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "flash_extent_density",
"long_name": "Flash extent density",
}
)
dqf = xr.DataArray(
fed.data.copy().astype(np.uint8),
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"_FillValue": -1,
"units": "1",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "status_flag",
"long_name": "GLM data quality flags",
"flag_meanings": "valid invalid",
}
)
# create a variable that won't be configured to test available_datasets
not_configured = xr.DataArray(
fed.data.copy(),
dims=("y", "x"),
attrs={
"scale_factor": 0.5,
"add_offset": -1.,
"_FillValue": 0,
"units": "1",
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "test",
"long_name": "Test",
}
)
x__ = xr.DataArray(
range(5),
attrs={"scale_factor": 2., "add_offset": -1.},
dims=("x",),
)
y__ = xr.DataArray(
range(2),
attrs={"scale_factor": -2., "add_offset": 1.},
dims=("y",),
)
proj = xr.DataArray(
[],
attrs={
"semi_major_axis": 1.,
"semi_minor_axis": 1.,
"perspective_point_height": 1.,
"longitude_of_projection_origin": -90.,
"latitude_of_projection_origin": 0.,
"sweep_angle_axis": u"x"
}
)
fake_dataset = xr.Dataset(
data_vars={
"flash_extent_density": fed,
"not_configured": not_configured,
"DQF": dqf,
"x": x__,
"y": y__,
"goes_imager_projection": proj,
"nominal_satellite_subpoint_lat": np.array(0.0),
"nominal_satellite_subpoint_lon": np.array(-89.5),
"nominal_satellite_height": np.array(35786.02)
},
attrs={
"time_coverage_start": "2017-09-20T17:30:40Z",
"time_coverage_end": "2017-09-20T17:41:17Z",
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
}
)
return fake_dataset
class TestGLML2FileHandler(unittest.TestCase):
"""Tests for the GLM L2 reader."""
@mock.patch("satpy.readers.abi_base.xr")
def setUp(self, xr_):
"""Create a fake file handler to test."""
from satpy.readers.glm_l2 import NCGriddedGLML2
fake_dataset = setup_fake_dataset()
xr_.open_dataset.return_value = fake_dataset
self.reader = NCGriddedGLML2("filename",
{"platform_shortname": "G16",
"scene_abbr": "C", "scan_mode": "M3"},
{"filetype": "glm_l2_imagery"})
def test_basic_attributes(self):
"""Test getting basic file attributes."""
import datetime as dt
assert self.reader.start_time == dt.datetime(2017, 9, 20, 17, 30, 40)
assert self.reader.end_time == dt.datetime(2017, 9, 20, 17, 41, 17)
def test_get_dataset(self):
"""Test the get_dataset method."""
from satpy.tests.utils import make_dataid
key = make_dataid(name="flash_extent_density")
res = self.reader.get_dataset(key, {"info": "info"})
exp = {"instrument_ID": None,
"modifiers": (),
"name": "flash_extent_density",
"orbital_parameters": {"projection_altitude": 1.0,
"projection_latitude": 0.0,
"projection_longitude": -90.0,
# 'satellite_nominal_altitude': 35786.02,
"satellite_nominal_latitude": 0.0,
"satellite_nominal_longitude": -89.5},
"orbital_slot": None,
"platform_name": "GOES-16",
"platform_shortname": "G16",
"production_site": None,
"scan_mode": "M3",
"scene_abbr": "C",
"scene_id": None,
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
"sensor": "glm",
"timeline_ID": None,
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"standard_name": "flash_extent_density",
"long_name": "Flash extent density",
"units": "Count per nominal 3136 microradian^2 pixel per 1.0 min"}
assert res.attrs == exp
def test_get_dataset_dqf(self):
"""Test the get_dataset method with special DQF var."""
from satpy.tests.utils import make_dataid
key = make_dataid(name="DQF")
res = self.reader.get_dataset(key, {"info": "info"})
exp = {"instrument_ID": None,
"modifiers": (),
"name": "DQF",
"orbital_parameters": {"projection_altitude": 1.0,
"projection_latitude": 0.0,
"projection_longitude": -90.0,
# 'satellite_nominal_altitude': 35786.02,
"satellite_nominal_latitude": 0.0,
"satellite_nominal_longitude": -89.5},
"orbital_slot": None,
"platform_name": "GOES-16",
"platform_shortname": "G16",
"production_site": None,
"scan_mode": "M3",
"scene_abbr": "C",
"scene_id": None,
"spatial_resolution": "2km at nadir",
"sensor": "glm",
"timeline_ID": None,
"grid_mapping": "goes_imager_projection",
"units": "1",
"_FillValue": -1,
"standard_name": "status_flag",
"long_name": "GLM data quality flags",
"flag_meanings": "valid invalid"}
assert res.attrs == exp
assert np.issubdtype(res.dtype, np.integer)
class TestGLML2Reader(unittest.TestCase):
"""Test high-level reading functionality of GLM L2 reader."""
yaml_file = "glm_l2.yaml"
@mock.patch("satpy.readers.abi_base.xr")
def setUp(self, xr_):
"""Create a fake reader to test."""
from satpy._config import config_search_paths
from satpy.readers import load_reader
self.reader_configs = config_search_paths(os.path.join("readers", self.yaml_file))
fake_dataset = setup_fake_dataset()
xr_.open_dataset.return_value = fake_dataset
r = load_reader(self.reader_configs)
loadables = r.select_files_from_pathnames([
your_sha256_hash00350.nc",
your_sha256_hash2862200350.nc",
])
assert len(loadables) == 2
r.create_filehandlers(loadables)
self.reader = r
def test_available_datasets(self):
"""Test that resolution is added to YAML configured variables."""
# make sure we have some files
assert self.reader.file_handlers
available_datasets = list(self.reader.available_dataset_ids)
# flash_extent_density, DQF, and not_configured are available in our tests
assert len(available_datasets) == 3
for ds_id in available_datasets:
assert ds_id["resolution"] == 2000
# make sure not_configured was discovered
names = [dataid["name"] for dataid in available_datasets]
assert "not_configured" in names
``` |
```c++
//===- DeclTemplate.cpp - Template Declaration AST Node Implementation ----===//
//
// See path_to_url for license information.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
//
// This file implements the C++ related Decl classes for templates.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
#include "clang/AST/DeclTemplate.h"
#include "clang/AST/ASTContext.h"
#include "clang/AST/ASTMutationListener.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclCXX.h"
#include "clang/AST/DeclarationName.h"
#include "clang/AST/Expr.h"
#include "clang/AST/ExternalASTSource.h"
#include "clang/AST/TemplateBase.h"
#include "clang/AST/TemplateName.h"
#include "clang/AST/Type.h"
#include "clang/AST/TypeLoc.h"
#include "clang/Basic/Builtins.h"
#include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
#include "clang/Basic/SourceLocation.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/FoldingSet.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/PointerUnion.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <utility>
using namespace clang;
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TemplateParameterList Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
TemplateParameterList::TemplateParameterList(const ASTContext& C,
SourceLocation TemplateLoc,
SourceLocation LAngleLoc,
ArrayRef<NamedDecl *> Params,
SourceLocation RAngleLoc,
Expr *RequiresClause)
: TemplateLoc(TemplateLoc), LAngleLoc(LAngleLoc), RAngleLoc(RAngleLoc),
NumParams(Params.size()), ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack(false),
HasRequiresClause(RequiresClause != nullptr),
HasConstrainedParameters(false) {
for (unsigned Idx = 0; Idx < NumParams; ++Idx) {
NamedDecl *P = Params[Idx];
begin()[Idx] = P;
bool IsPack = P->isTemplateParameterPack();
if (const auto *NTTP = dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(P)) {
if (!IsPack && NTTP->getType()->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
if (NTTP->hasPlaceholderTypeConstraint())
HasConstrainedParameters = true;
} else if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(P)) {
if (!IsPack &&
TTP->getTemplateParameters()->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
} else if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(P)) {
if (const TypeConstraint *TC = TTP->getTypeConstraint()) {
if (TC->getImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint()
->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
}
if (TTP->hasTypeConstraint())
HasConstrainedParameters = true;
} else {
llvm_unreachable("unexpected template parameter type");
}
// FIXME: If a default argument contains an unexpanded parameter pack, the
// template parameter list does too.
}
if (HasRequiresClause) {
if (RequiresClause->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack = true;
*getTrailingObjects<Expr *>() = RequiresClause;
}
}
bool TemplateParameterList::containsUnexpandedParameterPack() const {
if (ContainsUnexpandedParameterPack)
return true;
if (!HasConstrainedParameters)
return false;
// An implicit constrained parameter might have had a use of an unexpanded
// pack added to it after the template parameter list was created. All
// implicit parameters are at the end of the parameter list.
for (const NamedDecl *Param : llvm::reverse(asArray())) {
if (!Param->isImplicit())
break;
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(Param)) {
const auto *TC = TTP->getTypeConstraint();
if (TC && TC->getImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint()
->containsUnexpandedParameterPack())
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
TemplateParameterList *
TemplateParameterList::Create(const ASTContext &C, SourceLocation TemplateLoc,
SourceLocation LAngleLoc,
ArrayRef<NamedDecl *> Params,
SourceLocation RAngleLoc, Expr *RequiresClause) {
void *Mem = C.Allocate(totalSizeToAlloc<NamedDecl *, Expr *>(
Params.size(), RequiresClause ? 1u : 0u),
alignof(TemplateParameterList));
return new (Mem) TemplateParameterList(C, TemplateLoc, LAngleLoc, Params,
RAngleLoc, RequiresClause);
}
unsigned TemplateParameterList::getMinRequiredArguments() const {
unsigned NumRequiredArgs = 0;
for (const NamedDecl *P : asArray()) {
if (P->isTemplateParameterPack()) {
if (std::optional<unsigned> Expansions = getExpandedPackSize(P)) {
NumRequiredArgs += *Expansions;
continue;
}
break;
}
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(P)) {
if (TTP->hasDefaultArgument())
break;
} else if (const auto *NTTP = dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(P)) {
if (NTTP->hasDefaultArgument())
break;
} else if (cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(P)->hasDefaultArgument())
break;
++NumRequiredArgs;
}
return NumRequiredArgs;
}
unsigned TemplateParameterList::getDepth() const {
if (size() == 0)
return 0;
const NamedDecl *FirstParm = getParam(0);
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(FirstParm))
return TTP->getDepth();
else if (const auto *NTTP = dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(FirstParm))
return NTTP->getDepth();
else
return cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(FirstParm)->getDepth();
}
static bool AdoptTemplateParameterList(TemplateParameterList *Params,
DeclContext *Owner) {
bool Invalid = false;
for (NamedDecl *P : *Params) {
P->setDeclContext(Owner);
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(P))
if (AdoptTemplateParameterList(TTP->getTemplateParameters(), Owner))
Invalid = true;
if (P->isInvalidDecl())
Invalid = true;
}
return Invalid;
}
void TemplateParameterList::
getAssociatedConstraints(llvm::SmallVectorImpl<const Expr *> &AC) const {
if (HasConstrainedParameters)
for (const NamedDecl *Param : *this) {
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(Param)) {
if (const auto *TC = TTP->getTypeConstraint())
AC.push_back(TC->getImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint());
} else if (const auto *NTTP = dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(Param)) {
if (const Expr *E = NTTP->getPlaceholderTypeConstraint())
AC.push_back(E);
}
}
if (HasRequiresClause)
AC.push_back(getRequiresClause());
}
bool TemplateParameterList::hasAssociatedConstraints() const {
return HasRequiresClause || HasConstrainedParameters;
}
bool TemplateParameterList::shouldIncludeTypeForArgument(
const PrintingPolicy &Policy, const TemplateParameterList *TPL,
unsigned Idx) {
if (!TPL || Idx >= TPL->size() || Policy.AlwaysIncludeTypeForTemplateArgument)
return true;
const NamedDecl *TemplParam = TPL->getParam(Idx);
if (const auto *ParamValueDecl =
dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(TemplParam))
if (ParamValueDecl->getType()->getContainedDeducedType())
return true;
return false;
}
namespace clang {
void *allocateDefaultArgStorageChain(const ASTContext &C) {
return new (C) char[sizeof(void*) * 2];
}
} // namespace clang
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
TemplateDecl::TemplateDecl(Kind DK, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation L,
DeclarationName Name, TemplateParameterList *Params,
NamedDecl *Decl)
: NamedDecl(DK, DC, L, Name), TemplatedDecl(Decl), TemplateParams(Params) {}
void TemplateDecl::anchor() {}
void TemplateDecl::
getAssociatedConstraints(llvm::SmallVectorImpl<const Expr *> &AC) const {
TemplateParams->getAssociatedConstraints(AC);
if (auto *FD = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(getTemplatedDecl()))
if (const Expr *TRC = FD->getTrailingRequiresClause())
AC.push_back(TRC);
}
bool TemplateDecl::hasAssociatedConstraints() const {
if (TemplateParams->hasAssociatedConstraints())
return true;
if (auto *FD = dyn_cast_or_null<FunctionDecl>(getTemplatedDecl()))
return FD->getTrailingRequiresClause();
return false;
}
bool TemplateDecl::isTypeAlias() const {
switch (getKind()) {
case TemplateDecl::TypeAliasTemplate:
case TemplateDecl::BuiltinTemplate:
return true;
default:
return false;
};
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// RedeclarableTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void RedeclarableTemplateDecl::anchor() {}
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::CommonBase *RedeclarableTemplateDecl::getCommonPtr() const {
if (Common)
return Common;
// Walk the previous-declaration chain until we either find a declaration
// with a common pointer or we run out of previous declarations.
SmallVector<const RedeclarableTemplateDecl *, 2> PrevDecls;
for (const RedeclarableTemplateDecl *Prev = getPreviousDecl(); Prev;
Prev = Prev->getPreviousDecl()) {
if (Prev->Common) {
Common = Prev->Common;
break;
}
PrevDecls.push_back(Prev);
}
// If we never found a common pointer, allocate one now.
if (!Common) {
// FIXME: If any of the declarations is from an AST file, we probably
// need an update record to add the common data.
Common = newCommon(getASTContext());
}
// Update any previous declarations we saw with the common pointer.
for (const RedeclarableTemplateDecl *Prev : PrevDecls)
Prev->Common = Common;
return Common;
}
void RedeclarableTemplateDecl::loadLazySpecializationsImpl() const {
// Grab the most recent declaration to ensure we've loaded any lazy
// redeclarations of this template.
CommonBase *CommonBasePtr = getMostRecentDecl()->getCommonPtr();
if (CommonBasePtr->LazySpecializations) {
ASTContext &Context = getASTContext();
uint32_t *Specs = CommonBasePtr->LazySpecializations;
CommonBasePtr->LazySpecializations = nullptr;
for (uint32_t I = 0, N = *Specs++; I != N; ++I)
(void)Context.getExternalSource()->GetExternalDecl(Specs[I]);
}
}
template<class EntryType, typename... ProfileArguments>
typename RedeclarableTemplateDecl::SpecEntryTraits<EntryType>::DeclType *
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::findSpecializationImpl(
llvm::FoldingSetVector<EntryType> &Specs, void *&InsertPos,
ProfileArguments&&... ProfileArgs) {
using SETraits = SpecEntryTraits<EntryType>;
llvm::FoldingSetNodeID ID;
EntryType::Profile(ID, std::forward<ProfileArguments>(ProfileArgs)...,
getASTContext());
EntryType *Entry = Specs.FindNodeOrInsertPos(ID, InsertPos);
return Entry ? SETraits::getDecl(Entry)->getMostRecentDecl() : nullptr;
}
template<class Derived, class EntryType>
void RedeclarableTemplateDecl::addSpecializationImpl(
llvm::FoldingSetVector<EntryType> &Specializations, EntryType *Entry,
void *InsertPos) {
using SETraits = SpecEntryTraits<EntryType>;
if (InsertPos) {
#ifndef NDEBUG
void *CorrectInsertPos;
assert(!findSpecializationImpl(Specializations,
CorrectInsertPos,
SETraits::getTemplateArgs(Entry)) &&
InsertPos == CorrectInsertPos &&
"given incorrect InsertPos for specialization");
#endif
Specializations.InsertNode(Entry, InsertPos);
} else {
EntryType *Existing = Specializations.GetOrInsertNode(Entry);
(void)Existing;
assert(SETraits::getDecl(Existing)->isCanonicalDecl() &&
"non-canonical specialization?");
}
if (ASTMutationListener *L = getASTMutationListener())
L->AddedCXXTemplateSpecialization(cast<Derived>(this),
SETraits::getDecl(Entry));
}
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> RedeclarableTemplateDecl::getInjectedTemplateArgs() {
TemplateParameterList *Params = getTemplateParameters();
auto *CommonPtr = getCommonPtr();
if (!CommonPtr->InjectedArgs) {
auto &Context = getASTContext();
SmallVector<TemplateArgument, 16> TemplateArgs;
Context.getInjectedTemplateArgs(Params, TemplateArgs);
CommonPtr->InjectedArgs =
new (Context) TemplateArgument[TemplateArgs.size()];
std::copy(TemplateArgs.begin(), TemplateArgs.end(),
CommonPtr->InjectedArgs);
}
return llvm::ArrayRef(CommonPtr->InjectedArgs, Params->size());
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// FunctionTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
FunctionTemplateDecl *
FunctionTemplateDecl::Create(ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation L,
DeclarationName Name,
TemplateParameterList *Params, NamedDecl *Decl) {
bool Invalid = AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, cast<DeclContext>(Decl));
auto *TD = new (C, DC) FunctionTemplateDecl(C, DC, L, Name, Params, Decl);
if (Invalid)
TD->setInvalidDecl();
return TD;
}
FunctionTemplateDecl *FunctionTemplateDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) FunctionTemplateDecl(C, nullptr, SourceLocation(),
DeclarationName(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::CommonBase *
FunctionTemplateDecl::newCommon(ASTContext &C) const {
auto *CommonPtr = new (C) Common;
C.addDestruction(CommonPtr);
return CommonPtr;
}
void FunctionTemplateDecl::LoadLazySpecializations() const {
loadLazySpecializationsImpl();
}
llvm::FoldingSetVector<FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo> &
FunctionTemplateDecl::getSpecializations() const {
LoadLazySpecializations();
return getCommonPtr()->Specializations;
}
FunctionDecl *
FunctionTemplateDecl::findSpecialization(ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
void *&InsertPos) {
return findSpecializationImpl(getSpecializations(), InsertPos, Args);
}
void FunctionTemplateDecl::addSpecialization(
FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *Info, void *InsertPos) {
addSpecializationImpl<FunctionTemplateDecl>(getSpecializations(), Info,
InsertPos);
}
void FunctionTemplateDecl::mergePrevDecl(FunctionTemplateDecl *Prev) {
using Base = RedeclarableTemplateDecl;
// If we haven't created a common pointer yet, then it can just be created
// with the usual method.
if (!Base::Common)
return;
Common *ThisCommon = static_cast<Common *>(Base::Common);
Common *PrevCommon = nullptr;
SmallVector<FunctionTemplateDecl *, 8> PreviousDecls;
for (; Prev; Prev = Prev->getPreviousDecl()) {
if (Prev->Base::Common) {
PrevCommon = static_cast<Common *>(Prev->Base::Common);
break;
}
PreviousDecls.push_back(Prev);
}
// If the previous redecl chain hasn't created a common pointer yet, then just
// use this common pointer.
if (!PrevCommon) {
for (auto *D : PreviousDecls)
D->Base::Common = ThisCommon;
return;
}
// Ensure we don't leak any important state.
assert(ThisCommon->Specializations.size() == 0 &&
"Can't merge incompatible declarations!");
Base::Common = PrevCommon;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ClassTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
ClassTemplateDecl *ClassTemplateDecl::Create(ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L,
DeclarationName Name,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
NamedDecl *Decl) {
bool Invalid = AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, cast<DeclContext>(Decl));
auto *TD = new (C, DC) ClassTemplateDecl(C, DC, L, Name, Params, Decl);
if (Invalid)
TD->setInvalidDecl();
return TD;
}
ClassTemplateDecl *ClassTemplateDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) ClassTemplateDecl(C, nullptr, SourceLocation(),
DeclarationName(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
void ClassTemplateDecl::LoadLazySpecializations() const {
loadLazySpecializationsImpl();
}
llvm::FoldingSetVector<ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl> &
ClassTemplateDecl::getSpecializations() const {
LoadLazySpecializations();
return getCommonPtr()->Specializations;
}
llvm::FoldingSetVector<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl> &
ClassTemplateDecl::getPartialSpecializations() const {
LoadLazySpecializations();
return getCommonPtr()->PartialSpecializations;
}
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::CommonBase *
ClassTemplateDecl::newCommon(ASTContext &C) const {
auto *CommonPtr = new (C) Common;
C.addDestruction(CommonPtr);
return CommonPtr;
}
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateDecl::findSpecialization(ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
void *&InsertPos) {
return findSpecializationImpl(getSpecializations(), InsertPos, Args);
}
void ClassTemplateDecl::AddSpecialization(ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *D,
void *InsertPos) {
addSpecializationImpl<ClassTemplateDecl>(getSpecializations(), D, InsertPos);
}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateDecl::findPartialSpecialization(
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
TemplateParameterList *TPL, void *&InsertPos) {
return findSpecializationImpl(getPartialSpecializations(), InsertPos, Args,
TPL);
}
static void ProfileTemplateParameterList(ASTContext &C,
llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID, const TemplateParameterList *TPL) {
const Expr *RC = TPL->getRequiresClause();
ID.AddBoolean(RC != nullptr);
if (RC)
RC->Profile(ID, C, /*Canonical=*/true);
ID.AddInteger(TPL->size());
for (NamedDecl *D : *TPL) {
if (const auto *NTTP = dyn_cast<NonTypeTemplateParmDecl>(D)) {
ID.AddInteger(0);
ID.AddBoolean(NTTP->isParameterPack());
NTTP->getType().getCanonicalType().Profile(ID);
ID.AddBoolean(NTTP->hasPlaceholderTypeConstraint());
if (const Expr *E = NTTP->getPlaceholderTypeConstraint())
E->Profile(ID, C, /*Canonical=*/true);
continue;
}
if (const auto *TTP = dyn_cast<TemplateTypeParmDecl>(D)) {
ID.AddInteger(1);
ID.AddBoolean(TTP->isParameterPack());
ID.AddBoolean(TTP->hasTypeConstraint());
if (const TypeConstraint *TC = TTP->getTypeConstraint())
TC->getImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint()->Profile(ID, C,
/*Canonical=*/true);
continue;
}
const auto *TTP = cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(D);
ID.AddInteger(2);
ID.AddBoolean(TTP->isParameterPack());
ProfileTemplateParameterList(C, ID, TTP->getTemplateParameters());
}
}
void
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> TemplateArgs, TemplateParameterList *TPL,
ASTContext &Context) {
ID.AddInteger(TemplateArgs.size());
for (const TemplateArgument &TemplateArg : TemplateArgs)
TemplateArg.Profile(ID, Context);
ProfileTemplateParameterList(Context, ID, TPL);
}
void ClassTemplateDecl::AddPartialSpecialization(
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *D,
void *InsertPos) {
if (InsertPos)
getPartialSpecializations().InsertNode(D, InsertPos);
else {
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *Existing
= getPartialSpecializations().GetOrInsertNode(D);
(void)Existing;
assert(Existing->isCanonicalDecl() && "Non-canonical specialization?");
}
if (ASTMutationListener *L = getASTMutationListener())
L->AddedCXXTemplateSpecialization(this, D);
}
void ClassTemplateDecl::getPartialSpecializations(
SmallVectorImpl<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *> &PS) const {
llvm::FoldingSetVector<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl> &PartialSpecs
= getPartialSpecializations();
PS.clear();
PS.reserve(PartialSpecs.size());
for (ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl &P : PartialSpecs)
PS.push_back(P.getMostRecentDecl());
}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateDecl::findPartialSpecialization(QualType T) {
ASTContext &Context = getASTContext();
for (ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl &P :
getPartialSpecializations()) {
if (Context.hasSameType(P.getInjectedSpecializationType(), T))
return P.getMostRecentDecl();
}
return nullptr;
}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateDecl::findPartialSpecInstantiatedFromMember(
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *D) {
Decl *DCanon = D->getCanonicalDecl();
for (ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl &P : getPartialSpecializations()) {
if (P.getInstantiatedFromMember()->getCanonicalDecl() == DCanon)
return P.getMostRecentDecl();
}
return nullptr;
}
QualType
ClassTemplateDecl::getInjectedClassNameSpecialization() {
Common *CommonPtr = getCommonPtr();
if (!CommonPtr->InjectedClassNameType.isNull())
return CommonPtr->InjectedClassNameType;
// C++0x [temp.dep.type]p2:
// The template argument list of a primary template is a template argument
// list in which the nth template argument has the value of the nth template
// parameter of the class template. If the nth template parameter is a
// template parameter pack (14.5.3), the nth template argument is a pack
// expansion (14.5.3) whose pattern is the name of the template parameter
// pack.
ASTContext &Context = getASTContext();
TemplateParameterList *Params = getTemplateParameters();
SmallVector<TemplateArgument, 16> TemplateArgs;
Context.getInjectedTemplateArgs(Params, TemplateArgs);
CommonPtr->InjectedClassNameType
= Context.getTemplateSpecializationType(TemplateName(this),
TemplateArgs);
return CommonPtr->InjectedClassNameType;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TemplateTypeParm Allocation/Deallocation Method Implementations
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
TemplateTypeParmDecl *TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation KeyLoc,
SourceLocation NameLoc, unsigned D, unsigned P, IdentifierInfo *Id,
bool Typename, bool ParameterPack, bool HasTypeConstraint,
std::optional<unsigned> NumExpanded) {
auto *TTPDecl =
new (C, DC,
additionalSizeToAlloc<TypeConstraint>(HasTypeConstraint ? 1 : 0))
TemplateTypeParmDecl(DC, KeyLoc, NameLoc, Id, Typename,
HasTypeConstraint, NumExpanded);
QualType TTPType = C.getTemplateTypeParmType(D, P, ParameterPack, TTPDecl);
TTPDecl->setTypeForDecl(TTPType.getTypePtr());
return TTPDecl;
}
TemplateTypeParmDecl *
TemplateTypeParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(const ASTContext &C, unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID)
TemplateTypeParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), nullptr,
false, false, std::nullopt);
}
TemplateTypeParmDecl *
TemplateTypeParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(const ASTContext &C, unsigned ID,
bool HasTypeConstraint) {
return new (C, ID,
additionalSizeToAlloc<TypeConstraint>(HasTypeConstraint ? 1 : 0))
TemplateTypeParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), nullptr,
false, HasTypeConstraint, std::nullopt);
}
SourceLocation TemplateTypeParmDecl::getDefaultArgumentLoc() const {
return hasDefaultArgument()
? getDefaultArgumentInfo()->getTypeLoc().getBeginLoc()
: SourceLocation();
}
SourceRange TemplateTypeParmDecl::getSourceRange() const {
if (hasDefaultArgument() && !defaultArgumentWasInherited())
return SourceRange(getBeginLoc(),
getDefaultArgumentInfo()->getTypeLoc().getEndLoc());
// TypeDecl::getSourceRange returns a range containing name location, which is
// wrong for unnamed template parameters. e.g:
// it will return <[[typename>]] instead of <[[typename]]>
else if (getDeclName().isEmpty())
return SourceRange(getBeginLoc());
return TypeDecl::getSourceRange();
}
unsigned TemplateTypeParmDecl::getDepth() const {
return getTypeForDecl()->castAs<TemplateTypeParmType>()->getDepth();
}
unsigned TemplateTypeParmDecl::getIndex() const {
return getTypeForDecl()->castAs<TemplateTypeParmType>()->getIndex();
}
bool TemplateTypeParmDecl::isParameterPack() const {
return getTypeForDecl()->castAs<TemplateTypeParmType>()->isParameterPack();
}
void TemplateTypeParmDecl::setTypeConstraint(NestedNameSpecifierLoc NNS,
DeclarationNameInfo NameInfo, NamedDecl *FoundDecl, ConceptDecl *CD,
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgsAsWritten,
Expr *ImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint) {
assert(HasTypeConstraint &&
"HasTypeConstraint=true must be passed at construction in order to "
"call setTypeConstraint");
assert(!TypeConstraintInitialized &&
"TypeConstraint was already initialized!");
new (getTrailingObjects<TypeConstraint>()) TypeConstraint(NNS, NameInfo,
FoundDecl, CD, ArgsAsWritten, ImmediatelyDeclaredConstraint);
TypeConstraintInitialized = true;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// NonTypeTemplateParmDecl Method Implementations
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::NonTypeTemplateParmDecl(
DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc, SourceLocation IdLoc, unsigned D,
unsigned P, IdentifierInfo *Id, QualType T, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
ArrayRef<QualType> ExpandedTypes, ArrayRef<TypeSourceInfo *> ExpandedTInfos)
: DeclaratorDecl(NonTypeTemplateParm, DC, IdLoc, Id, T, TInfo, StartLoc),
TemplateParmPosition(D, P), ParameterPack(true),
ExpandedParameterPack(true), NumExpandedTypes(ExpandedTypes.size()) {
if (!ExpandedTypes.empty() && !ExpandedTInfos.empty()) {
auto TypesAndInfos =
getTrailingObjects<std::pair<QualType, TypeSourceInfo *>>();
for (unsigned I = 0; I != NumExpandedTypes; ++I) {
new (&TypesAndInfos[I].first) QualType(ExpandedTypes[I]);
TypesAndInfos[I].second = ExpandedTInfos[I];
}
}
}
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl *
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation StartLoc, SourceLocation IdLoc,
unsigned D, unsigned P, IdentifierInfo *Id,
QualType T, bool ParameterPack,
TypeSourceInfo *TInfo) {
AutoType *AT =
C.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus20 ? T->getContainedAutoType() : nullptr;
return new (C, DC,
additionalSizeToAlloc<std::pair<QualType, TypeSourceInfo *>,
Expr *>(0,
AT && AT->isConstrained() ? 1 : 0))
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl(DC, StartLoc, IdLoc, D, P, Id, T, ParameterPack,
TInfo);
}
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl *NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc, unsigned D, unsigned P, IdentifierInfo *Id,
QualType T, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo, ArrayRef<QualType> ExpandedTypes,
ArrayRef<TypeSourceInfo *> ExpandedTInfos) {
AutoType *AT = TInfo->getType()->getContainedAutoType();
return new (C, DC,
additionalSizeToAlloc<std::pair<QualType, TypeSourceInfo *>,
Expr *>(
ExpandedTypes.size(), AT && AT->isConstrained() ? 1 : 0))
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl(DC, StartLoc, IdLoc, D, P, Id, T, TInfo,
ExpandedTypes, ExpandedTInfos);
}
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl *
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID,
bool HasTypeConstraint) {
return new (C, ID, additionalSizeToAlloc<std::pair<QualType,
TypeSourceInfo *>,
Expr *>(0,
HasTypeConstraint ? 1 : 0))
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
0, 0, nullptr, QualType(), false, nullptr);
}
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl *
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID,
unsigned NumExpandedTypes,
bool HasTypeConstraint) {
auto *NTTP =
new (C, ID,
additionalSizeToAlloc<std::pair<QualType, TypeSourceInfo *>, Expr *>(
NumExpandedTypes, HasTypeConstraint ? 1 : 0))
NonTypeTemplateParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
0, 0, nullptr, QualType(), nullptr,
std::nullopt, std::nullopt);
NTTP->NumExpandedTypes = NumExpandedTypes;
return NTTP;
}
SourceRange NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::getSourceRange() const {
if (hasDefaultArgument() && !defaultArgumentWasInherited())
return SourceRange(getOuterLocStart(),
getDefaultArgument()->getSourceRange().getEnd());
return DeclaratorDecl::getSourceRange();
}
SourceLocation NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::getDefaultArgumentLoc() const {
return hasDefaultArgument()
? getDefaultArgument()->getSourceRange().getBegin()
: SourceLocation();
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TemplateTemplateParmDecl Method Implementations
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void TemplateTemplateParmDecl::anchor() {}
TemplateTemplateParmDecl::TemplateTemplateParmDecl(
DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation L, unsigned D, unsigned P,
IdentifierInfo *Id, TemplateParameterList *Params,
ArrayRef<TemplateParameterList *> Expansions)
: TemplateDecl(TemplateTemplateParm, DC, L, Id, Params),
TemplateParmPosition(D, P), ParameterPack(true),
ExpandedParameterPack(true), NumExpandedParams(Expansions.size()) {
if (!Expansions.empty())
std::uninitialized_copy(Expansions.begin(), Expansions.end(),
getTrailingObjects<TemplateParameterList *>());
}
TemplateTemplateParmDecl *
TemplateTemplateParmDecl::Create(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L, unsigned D, unsigned P,
bool ParameterPack, IdentifierInfo *Id,
TemplateParameterList *Params) {
return new (C, DC) TemplateTemplateParmDecl(DC, L, D, P, ParameterPack, Id,
Params);
}
TemplateTemplateParmDecl *
TemplateTemplateParmDecl::Create(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L, unsigned D, unsigned P,
IdentifierInfo *Id,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
ArrayRef<TemplateParameterList *> Expansions) {
return new (C, DC,
additionalSizeToAlloc<TemplateParameterList *>(Expansions.size()))
TemplateTemplateParmDecl(DC, L, D, P, Id, Params, Expansions);
}
TemplateTemplateParmDecl *
TemplateTemplateParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) TemplateTemplateParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), 0, 0,
false, nullptr, nullptr);
}
TemplateTemplateParmDecl *
TemplateTemplateParmDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID,
unsigned NumExpansions) {
auto *TTP =
new (C, ID, additionalSizeToAlloc<TemplateParameterList *>(NumExpansions))
TemplateTemplateParmDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(), 0, 0, nullptr,
nullptr, std::nullopt);
TTP->NumExpandedParams = NumExpansions;
return TTP;
}
SourceLocation TemplateTemplateParmDecl::getDefaultArgumentLoc() const {
return hasDefaultArgument() ? getDefaultArgument().getLocation()
: SourceLocation();
}
void TemplateTemplateParmDecl::setDefaultArgument(
const ASTContext &C, const TemplateArgumentLoc &DefArg) {
if (DefArg.getArgument().isNull())
DefaultArgument.set(nullptr);
else
DefaultArgument.set(new (C) TemplateArgumentLoc(DefArg));
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TemplateArgumentList Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
TemplateArgumentList::TemplateArgumentList(ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args)
: Arguments(getTrailingObjects<TemplateArgument>()),
NumArguments(Args.size()) {
std::uninitialized_copy(Args.begin(), Args.end(),
getTrailingObjects<TemplateArgument>());
}
TemplateArgumentList *
TemplateArgumentList::CreateCopy(ASTContext &Context,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args) {
void *Mem = Context.Allocate(totalSizeToAlloc<TemplateArgument>(Args.size()));
return new (Mem) TemplateArgumentList(Args);
}
FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo *FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo::Create(
ASTContext &C, FunctionDecl *FD, FunctionTemplateDecl *Template,
TemplateSpecializationKind TSK, const TemplateArgumentList *TemplateArgs,
const TemplateArgumentListInfo *TemplateArgsAsWritten, SourceLocation POI,
MemberSpecializationInfo *MSInfo) {
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgsAsWritten = nullptr;
if (TemplateArgsAsWritten)
ArgsAsWritten = ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo::Create(C,
*TemplateArgsAsWritten);
void *Mem =
C.Allocate(totalSizeToAlloc<MemberSpecializationInfo *>(MSInfo ? 1 : 0));
return new (Mem) FunctionTemplateSpecializationInfo(
FD, Template, TSK, TemplateArgs, ArgsAsWritten, POI, MSInfo);
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl(ASTContext &Context, Kind DK, TagKind TK,
DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc,
ClassTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *PrevDecl)
: CXXRecordDecl(DK, TK, Context, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
SpecializedTemplate->getIdentifier(), PrevDecl),
SpecializedTemplate(SpecializedTemplate),
TemplateArgs(TemplateArgumentList::CreateCopy(Context, Args)),
SpecializationKind(TSK_Undeclared) {
}
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl(ASTContext &C,
Kind DK)
: CXXRecordDecl(DK, TTK_Struct, C, nullptr, SourceLocation(),
SourceLocation(), nullptr, nullptr),
SpecializationKind(TSK_Undeclared) {}
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::Create(ASTContext &Context, TagKind TK,
DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc,
ClassTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *PrevDecl) {
auto *Result =
new (Context, DC) ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl(
Context, ClassTemplateSpecialization, TK, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
SpecializedTemplate, Args, PrevDecl);
Result->setMayHaveOutOfDateDef(false);
// If the template decl is incomplete, copy the external lexical storage from
// the base template. This allows instantiations of incomplete types to
// complete using the external AST if the template's declaration came from an
// external AST.
if (!SpecializedTemplate->getTemplatedDecl()->isCompleteDefinition())
Result->setHasExternalLexicalStorage(
SpecializedTemplate->getTemplatedDecl()->hasExternalLexicalStorage());
Context.getTypeDeclType(Result, PrevDecl);
return Result;
}
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
auto *Result =
new (C, ID) ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl(C, ClassTemplateSpecialization);
Result->setMayHaveOutOfDateDef(false);
return Result;
}
void ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::getNameForDiagnostic(
raw_ostream &OS, const PrintingPolicy &Policy, bool Qualified) const {
NamedDecl::getNameForDiagnostic(OS, Policy, Qualified);
const auto *PS = dyn_cast<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl>(this);
if (const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgsAsWritten =
PS ? PS->getTemplateArgsAsWritten() : nullptr) {
printTemplateArgumentList(
OS, ArgsAsWritten->arguments(), Policy,
getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplateParameters());
} else {
const TemplateArgumentList &TemplateArgs = getTemplateArgs();
printTemplateArgumentList(
OS, TemplateArgs.asArray(), Policy,
getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplateParameters());
}
}
ClassTemplateDecl *
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::getSpecializedTemplate() const {
if (const auto *PartialSpec =
SpecializedTemplate.dyn_cast<SpecializedPartialSpecialization*>())
return PartialSpec->PartialSpecialization->getSpecializedTemplate();
return SpecializedTemplate.get<ClassTemplateDecl*>();
}
SourceRange
ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl::getSourceRange() const {
if (ExplicitInfo) {
SourceLocation Begin = getTemplateKeywordLoc();
if (Begin.isValid()) {
// Here we have an explicit (partial) specialization or instantiation.
assert(getSpecializationKind() == TSK_ExplicitSpecialization ||
getSpecializationKind() == TSK_ExplicitInstantiationDeclaration ||
getSpecializationKind() == TSK_ExplicitInstantiationDefinition);
if (getExternLoc().isValid())
Begin = getExternLoc();
SourceLocation End = getBraceRange().getEnd();
if (End.isInvalid())
End = getTypeAsWritten()->getTypeLoc().getEndLoc();
return SourceRange(Begin, End);
}
// An implicit instantiation of a class template partial specialization
// uses ExplicitInfo to record the TypeAsWritten, but the source
// locations should be retrieved from the instantiation pattern.
using CTPSDecl = ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl;
auto *ctpsd = const_cast<CTPSDecl *>(cast<CTPSDecl>(this));
CTPSDecl *inst_from = ctpsd->getInstantiatedFromMember();
assert(inst_from != nullptr);
return inst_from->getSourceRange();
}
else {
// No explicit info available.
llvm::PointerUnion<ClassTemplateDecl *,
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *>
inst_from = getInstantiatedFrom();
if (inst_from.isNull())
return getSpecializedTemplate()->getSourceRange();
if (const auto *ctd = inst_from.dyn_cast<ClassTemplateDecl *>())
return ctd->getSourceRange();
return inst_from.get<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *>()
->getSourceRange();
}
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ConceptDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
ConceptDecl *ConceptDecl::Create(ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L, DeclarationName Name,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
Expr *ConstraintExpr) {
bool Invalid = AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, DC);
auto *TD = new (C, DC) ConceptDecl(DC, L, Name, Params, ConstraintExpr);
if (Invalid)
TD->setInvalidDecl();
return TD;
}
ConceptDecl *ConceptDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
ConceptDecl *Result = new (C, ID) ConceptDecl(nullptr, SourceLocation(),
DeclarationName(),
nullptr, nullptr);
return Result;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl::ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl(
DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation SL,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> ConvertedArgs)
: Decl(ImplicitConceptSpecialization, DC, SL),
NumTemplateArgs(ConvertedArgs.size()) {
setTemplateArguments(ConvertedArgs);
}
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl::ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl(
EmptyShell Empty, unsigned NumTemplateArgs)
: Decl(ImplicitConceptSpecialization, Empty),
NumTemplateArgs(NumTemplateArgs) {}
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl *ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl::Create(
const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation SL,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> ConvertedArgs) {
return new (C, DC,
additionalSizeToAlloc<TemplateArgument>(ConvertedArgs.size()))
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl(DC, SL, ConvertedArgs);
}
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl *
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(
const ASTContext &C, unsigned ID, unsigned NumTemplateArgs) {
return new (C, ID, additionalSizeToAlloc<TemplateArgument>(NumTemplateArgs))
ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl(EmptyShell{}, NumTemplateArgs);
}
void ImplicitConceptSpecializationDecl::setTemplateArguments(
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Converted) {
assert(Converted.size() == NumTemplateArgs);
std::uninitialized_copy(Converted.begin(), Converted.end(),
getTrailingObjects<TemplateArgument>());
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::anchor() {}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(ASTContext &Context, TagKind TK,
DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
ClassTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgInfos,
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *PrevDecl)
: ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl(Context,
ClassTemplatePartialSpecialization,
TK, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
SpecializedTemplate, Args, PrevDecl),
TemplateParams(Params), ArgsAsWritten(ArgInfos),
InstantiatedFromMember(nullptr, false) {
if (AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, this))
setInvalidDecl();
}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::
Create(ASTContext &Context, TagKind TK,DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation StartLoc, SourceLocation IdLoc,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
ClassTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
const TemplateArgumentListInfo &ArgInfos,
QualType CanonInjectedType,
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *PrevDecl) {
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ASTArgInfos =
ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo::Create(Context, ArgInfos);
auto *Result = new (Context, DC)
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(Context, TK, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
Params, SpecializedTemplate, Args,
ASTArgInfos, PrevDecl);
Result->setSpecializationKind(TSK_ExplicitSpecialization);
Result->setMayHaveOutOfDateDef(false);
Context.getInjectedClassNameType(Result, CanonInjectedType);
return Result;
}
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
auto *Result = new (C, ID) ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(C);
Result->setMayHaveOutOfDateDef(false);
return Result;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// FriendTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void FriendTemplateDecl::anchor() {}
FriendTemplateDecl *
FriendTemplateDecl::Create(ASTContext &Context, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L,
MutableArrayRef<TemplateParameterList *> Params,
FriendUnion Friend, SourceLocation FLoc) {
TemplateParameterList **TPL = nullptr;
if (!Params.empty()) {
TPL = new (Context) TemplateParameterList *[Params.size()];
llvm::copy(Params, TPL);
}
return new (Context, DC)
FriendTemplateDecl(DC, L, TPL, Params.size(), Friend, FLoc);
}
FriendTemplateDecl *FriendTemplateDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) FriendTemplateDecl(EmptyShell());
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// TypeAliasTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
TypeAliasTemplateDecl *
TypeAliasTemplateDecl::Create(ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation L,
DeclarationName Name,
TemplateParameterList *Params, NamedDecl *Decl) {
bool Invalid = AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, DC);
auto *TD = new (C, DC) TypeAliasTemplateDecl(C, DC, L, Name, Params, Decl);
if (Invalid)
TD->setInvalidDecl();
return TD;
}
TypeAliasTemplateDecl *TypeAliasTemplateDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) TypeAliasTemplateDecl(C, nullptr, SourceLocation(),
DeclarationName(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::CommonBase *
TypeAliasTemplateDecl::newCommon(ASTContext &C) const {
auto *CommonPtr = new (C) Common;
C.addDestruction(CommonPtr);
return CommonPtr;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// ClassScopeFunctionSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void ClassScopeFunctionSpecializationDecl::anchor() {}
ClassScopeFunctionSpecializationDecl *
ClassScopeFunctionSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) ClassScopeFunctionSpecializationDecl(
nullptr, SourceLocation(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// VarTemplateDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
VarTemplateDecl *VarTemplateDecl::getDefinition() {
VarTemplateDecl *CurD = this;
while (CurD) {
if (CurD->isThisDeclarationADefinition())
return CurD;
CurD = CurD->getPreviousDecl();
}
return nullptr;
}
VarTemplateDecl *VarTemplateDecl::Create(ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
SourceLocation L, DeclarationName Name,
TemplateParameterList *Params,
VarDecl *Decl) {
bool Invalid = AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, DC);
auto *TD = new (C, DC) VarTemplateDecl(C, DC, L, Name, Params, Decl);
if (Invalid)
TD->setInvalidDecl();
return TD;
}
VarTemplateDecl *VarTemplateDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) VarTemplateDecl(C, nullptr, SourceLocation(),
DeclarationName(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
void VarTemplateDecl::LoadLazySpecializations() const {
loadLazySpecializationsImpl();
}
llvm::FoldingSetVector<VarTemplateSpecializationDecl> &
VarTemplateDecl::getSpecializations() const {
LoadLazySpecializations();
return getCommonPtr()->Specializations;
}
llvm::FoldingSetVector<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl> &
VarTemplateDecl::getPartialSpecializations() const {
LoadLazySpecializations();
return getCommonPtr()->PartialSpecializations;
}
RedeclarableTemplateDecl::CommonBase *
VarTemplateDecl::newCommon(ASTContext &C) const {
auto *CommonPtr = new (C) Common;
C.addDestruction(CommonPtr);
return CommonPtr;
}
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplateDecl::findSpecialization(ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
void *&InsertPos) {
return findSpecializationImpl(getSpecializations(), InsertPos, Args);
}
void VarTemplateDecl::AddSpecialization(VarTemplateSpecializationDecl *D,
void *InsertPos) {
addSpecializationImpl<VarTemplateDecl>(getSpecializations(), D, InsertPos);
}
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplateDecl::findPartialSpecialization(ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
TemplateParameterList *TPL, void *&InsertPos) {
return findSpecializationImpl(getPartialSpecializations(), InsertPos, Args,
TPL);
}
void
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::Profile(llvm::FoldingSetNodeID &ID,
ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> TemplateArgs, TemplateParameterList *TPL,
ASTContext &Context) {
ID.AddInteger(TemplateArgs.size());
for (const TemplateArgument &TemplateArg : TemplateArgs)
TemplateArg.Profile(ID, Context);
ProfileTemplateParameterList(Context, ID, TPL);
}
void VarTemplateDecl::AddPartialSpecialization(
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *D, void *InsertPos) {
if (InsertPos)
getPartialSpecializations().InsertNode(D, InsertPos);
else {
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *Existing =
getPartialSpecializations().GetOrInsertNode(D);
(void)Existing;
assert(Existing->isCanonicalDecl() && "Non-canonical specialization?");
}
if (ASTMutationListener *L = getASTMutationListener())
L->AddedCXXTemplateSpecialization(this, D);
}
void VarTemplateDecl::getPartialSpecializations(
SmallVectorImpl<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *> &PS) const {
llvm::FoldingSetVector<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl> &PartialSpecs =
getPartialSpecializations();
PS.clear();
PS.reserve(PartialSpecs.size());
for (VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl &P : PartialSpecs)
PS.push_back(P.getMostRecentDecl());
}
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplateDecl::findPartialSpecInstantiatedFromMember(
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *D) {
Decl *DCanon = D->getCanonicalDecl();
for (VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl &P : getPartialSpecializations()) {
if (P.getInstantiatedFromMember()->getCanonicalDecl() == DCanon)
return P.getMostRecentDecl();
}
return nullptr;
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// VarTemplateSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::VarTemplateSpecializationDecl(
Kind DK, ASTContext &Context, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc, VarTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate, QualType T,
TypeSourceInfo *TInfo, StorageClass S, ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args)
: VarDecl(DK, Context, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
SpecializedTemplate->getIdentifier(), T, TInfo, S),
SpecializedTemplate(SpecializedTemplate),
TemplateArgs(TemplateArgumentList::CreateCopy(Context, Args)),
SpecializationKind(TSK_Undeclared), IsCompleteDefinition(false) {}
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::VarTemplateSpecializationDecl(Kind DK,
ASTContext &C)
: VarDecl(DK, C, nullptr, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), nullptr,
QualType(), nullptr, SC_None),
SpecializationKind(TSK_Undeclared), IsCompleteDefinition(false) {}
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl *VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::Create(
ASTContext &Context, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc, VarTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate, QualType T,
TypeSourceInfo *TInfo, StorageClass S, ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args) {
return new (Context, DC) VarTemplateSpecializationDecl(
VarTemplateSpecialization, Context, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc,
SpecializedTemplate, T, TInfo, S, Args);
}
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID)
VarTemplateSpecializationDecl(VarTemplateSpecialization, C);
}
void VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::getNameForDiagnostic(
raw_ostream &OS, const PrintingPolicy &Policy, bool Qualified) const {
NamedDecl::getNameForDiagnostic(OS, Policy, Qualified);
const auto *PS = dyn_cast<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl>(this);
if (const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgsAsWritten =
PS ? PS->getTemplateArgsAsWritten() : nullptr) {
printTemplateArgumentList(
OS, ArgsAsWritten->arguments(), Policy,
getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplateParameters());
} else {
const TemplateArgumentList &TemplateArgs = getTemplateArgs();
printTemplateArgumentList(
OS, TemplateArgs.asArray(), Policy,
getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplateParameters());
}
}
VarTemplateDecl *VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::getSpecializedTemplate() const {
if (const auto *PartialSpec =
SpecializedTemplate.dyn_cast<SpecializedPartialSpecialization *>())
return PartialSpec->PartialSpecialization->getSpecializedTemplate();
return SpecializedTemplate.get<VarTemplateDecl *>();
}
void VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::setTemplateArgsInfo(
const TemplateArgumentListInfo &ArgsInfo) {
TemplateArgsInfo =
ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo::Create(getASTContext(), ArgsInfo);
}
void VarTemplateSpecializationDecl::setTemplateArgsInfo(
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgsInfo) {
TemplateArgsInfo =
ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo::Create(getASTContext(), ArgsInfo);
}
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
// VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl Implementation
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
void VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::anchor() {}
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(
ASTContext &Context, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc, TemplateParameterList *Params,
VarTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate, QualType T, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
StorageClass S, ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ArgInfos)
: VarTemplateSpecializationDecl(VarTemplatePartialSpecialization, Context,
DC, StartLoc, IdLoc, SpecializedTemplate, T,
TInfo, S, Args),
TemplateParams(Params), ArgsAsWritten(ArgInfos),
InstantiatedFromMember(nullptr, false) {
if (AdoptTemplateParameterList(Params, DC))
setInvalidDecl();
}
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::Create(
ASTContext &Context, DeclContext *DC, SourceLocation StartLoc,
SourceLocation IdLoc, TemplateParameterList *Params,
VarTemplateDecl *SpecializedTemplate, QualType T, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
StorageClass S, ArrayRef<TemplateArgument> Args,
const TemplateArgumentListInfo &ArgInfos) {
const ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo *ASTArgInfos
= ASTTemplateArgumentListInfo::Create(Context, ArgInfos);
auto *Result =
new (Context, DC) VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(
Context, DC, StartLoc, IdLoc, Params, SpecializedTemplate, T, TInfo,
S, Args, ASTArgInfos);
Result->setSpecializationKind(TSK_ExplicitSpecialization);
return Result;
}
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *
VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C,
unsigned ID) {
return new (C, ID) VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl(C);
}
static TemplateParameterList *
createMakeIntegerSeqParameterList(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC) {
// typename T
auto *T = TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/1, /*Position=*/0,
/*Id=*/nullptr, /*Typename=*/true, /*ParameterPack=*/false,
/*HasTypeConstraint=*/false);
T->setImplicit(true);
// T ...Ints
TypeSourceInfo *TI =
C.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(QualType(T->getTypeForDecl(), 0));
auto *N = NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/1,
/*Id=*/nullptr, TI->getType(), /*ParameterPack=*/true, TI);
N->setImplicit(true);
// <typename T, T ...Ints>
NamedDecl *P[2] = {T, N};
auto *TPL = TemplateParameterList::Create(
C, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), P, SourceLocation(), nullptr);
// template <typename T, ...Ints> class IntSeq
auto *TemplateTemplateParm = TemplateTemplateParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/0,
/*ParameterPack=*/false, /*Id=*/nullptr, TPL);
TemplateTemplateParm->setImplicit(true);
// typename T
auto *TemplateTypeParm = TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/1,
/*Id=*/nullptr, /*Typename=*/true, /*ParameterPack=*/false,
/*HasTypeConstraint=*/false);
TemplateTypeParm->setImplicit(true);
// T N
TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = C.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(
QualType(TemplateTypeParm->getTypeForDecl(), 0));
auto *NonTypeTemplateParm = NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/2,
/*Id=*/nullptr, TInfo->getType(), /*ParameterPack=*/false, TInfo);
NamedDecl *Params[] = {TemplateTemplateParm, TemplateTypeParm,
NonTypeTemplateParm};
// template <template <typename T, T ...Ints> class IntSeq, typename T, T N>
return TemplateParameterList::Create(C, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
Params, SourceLocation(), nullptr);
}
static TemplateParameterList *
createTypePackElementParameterList(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC) {
// std::size_t Index
TypeSourceInfo *TInfo = C.getTrivialTypeSourceInfo(C.getSizeType());
auto *Index = NonTypeTemplateParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/0,
/*Id=*/nullptr, TInfo->getType(), /*ParameterPack=*/false, TInfo);
// typename ...T
auto *Ts = TemplateTypeParmDecl::Create(
C, DC, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(), /*Depth=*/0, /*Position=*/1,
/*Id=*/nullptr, /*Typename=*/true, /*ParameterPack=*/true,
/*HasTypeConstraint=*/false);
Ts->setImplicit(true);
// template <std::size_t Index, typename ...T>
NamedDecl *Params[] = {Index, Ts};
return TemplateParameterList::Create(C, SourceLocation(), SourceLocation(),
llvm::ArrayRef(Params), SourceLocation(),
nullptr);
}
static TemplateParameterList *createBuiltinTemplateParameterList(
const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC, BuiltinTemplateKind BTK) {
switch (BTK) {
case BTK__make_integer_seq:
return createMakeIntegerSeqParameterList(C, DC);
case BTK__type_pack_element:
return createTypePackElementParameterList(C, DC);
}
llvm_unreachable("unhandled BuiltinTemplateKind!");
}
void BuiltinTemplateDecl::anchor() {}
BuiltinTemplateDecl::BuiltinTemplateDecl(const ASTContext &C, DeclContext *DC,
DeclarationName Name,
BuiltinTemplateKind BTK)
: TemplateDecl(BuiltinTemplate, DC, SourceLocation(), Name,
createBuiltinTemplateParameterList(C, DC, BTK)),
BTK(BTK) {}
void TypeConstraint::print(llvm::raw_ostream &OS, PrintingPolicy Policy) const {
if (NestedNameSpec)
NestedNameSpec.getNestedNameSpecifier()->print(OS, Policy);
ConceptName.printName(OS, Policy);
if (hasExplicitTemplateArgs()) {
OS << "<";
// FIXME: Find corresponding parameter for argument
for (auto &ArgLoc : ArgsAsWritten->arguments())
ArgLoc.getArgument().print(Policy, OS, /*IncludeType*/ false);
OS << ">";
}
}
TemplateParamObjectDecl *TemplateParamObjectDecl::Create(const ASTContext &C,
QualType T,
const APValue &V) {
DeclContext *DC = C.getTranslationUnitDecl();
auto *TPOD = new (C, DC) TemplateParamObjectDecl(DC, T, V);
C.addDestruction(&TPOD->Value);
return TPOD;
}
TemplateParamObjectDecl *
TemplateParamObjectDecl::CreateDeserialized(ASTContext &C, unsigned ID) {
auto *TPOD = new (C, ID) TemplateParamObjectDecl(nullptr, QualType(), APValue());
C.addDestruction(&TPOD->Value);
return TPOD;
}
void TemplateParamObjectDecl::printName(llvm::raw_ostream &OS,
const PrintingPolicy &Policy) const {
OS << "<template param ";
printAsExpr(OS, Policy);
OS << ">";
}
void TemplateParamObjectDecl::printAsExpr(llvm::raw_ostream &OS) const {
printAsExpr(OS, getASTContext().getPrintingPolicy());
}
void TemplateParamObjectDecl::printAsExpr(llvm::raw_ostream &OS,
const PrintingPolicy &Policy) const {
getType().getUnqualifiedType().print(OS, Policy);
printAsInit(OS, Policy);
}
void TemplateParamObjectDecl::printAsInit(llvm::raw_ostream &OS) const {
printAsInit(OS, getASTContext().getPrintingPolicy());
}
void TemplateParamObjectDecl::printAsInit(llvm::raw_ostream &OS,
const PrintingPolicy &Policy) const {
getValue().printPretty(OS, Policy, getType(), &getASTContext());
}
TemplateParameterList *clang::getReplacedTemplateParameterList(Decl *D) {
switch (D->getKind()) {
case Decl::Kind::ClassTemplate:
return cast<ClassTemplateDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::ClassTemplateSpecialization: {
const auto *CTSD = cast<ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl>(D);
auto P = CTSD->getSpecializedTemplateOrPartial();
if (const auto *CTPSD =
P.dyn_cast<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *>())
return CTPSD->getTemplateParameters();
return cast<ClassTemplateDecl *>(P)->getTemplateParameters();
}
case Decl::Kind::ClassTemplatePartialSpecialization:
return cast<ClassTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl>(D)
->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::TypeAliasTemplate:
return cast<TypeAliasTemplateDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::BuiltinTemplate:
return cast<BuiltinTemplateDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::CXXDeductionGuide:
case Decl::Kind::CXXConversion:
case Decl::Kind::CXXConstructor:
case Decl::Kind::CXXDestructor:
case Decl::Kind::CXXMethod:
case Decl::Kind::Function:
return cast<FunctionDecl>(D)
->getTemplateSpecializationInfo()
->getTemplate()
->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::FunctionTemplate:
return cast<FunctionTemplateDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::VarTemplate:
return cast<VarTemplateDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::VarTemplateSpecialization: {
const auto *VTSD = cast<VarTemplateSpecializationDecl>(D);
auto P = VTSD->getSpecializedTemplateOrPartial();
if (const auto *VTPSD =
P.dyn_cast<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl *>())
return VTPSD->getTemplateParameters();
return cast<VarTemplateDecl *>(P)->getTemplateParameters();
}
case Decl::Kind::VarTemplatePartialSpecialization:
return cast<VarTemplatePartialSpecializationDecl>(D)
->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::TemplateTemplateParm:
return cast<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
case Decl::Kind::Concept:
return cast<ConceptDecl>(D)->getTemplateParameters();
default:
llvm_unreachable("Unhandled templated declaration kind");
}
}
``` |
Baluse or Baloese is a traditional shield of the Nias people originating from Nias, an island off the west coast of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Baluse in the Northern Nias is somewhat smaller than those of the rest of the island.
Description
The shield is made of wood shaped like banana leaves and is held on the left hand which serves to deflect enemy attacks. The surface of the shield is carved with rib-cage patterns from top to bottom. There is a round knob at the centre of the shield, and the shield's handle is directly behind this knob.
Culture
The Baluse is used with the Balato (sword) or the Burusa (spear) during traditional war dances such as Faluaya (or Fataele) and Maena Baluse.
See also
Klebit Bok
Kanta (shield)
References
Further reading
Joachim Freiherr von Brenner-Felsach, Eine Reise nach Nias: unveröffentlichte Manuskripte aus dem Museum für Völkerkunde in Wien : Materialien zu Exotismus und Ethnographie, Böhlau Verlag Wien, 1998,
Shields
Weapons of Indonesia |
The Magyar Műszaki és Közlekedési Múzeum ("Hungarian Technical and Transportation Museum"), still often referred to with its former name, Közlekedési Múzeum ("Transportation Museum"), is a museum in Budapest, Hungary. It is one of Europe's oldest transportation collections.
The museum has a unique collection of locomotives and railway cars on a 1:5 scale. This means that a locomotive of, for example, 10 m length is reproduced with all details in a 2 m length model. The models represent a wide range of railway technology. The museum shows also a locomotive and wagon in real size with a railway station of the 1900s.
In other parts of the museum are shown:
The history of road traffic: horse-drawn and machine-driven vehicles, road and bridge building with a collection of old cars, motorcycles and bicycles.
The history of sailing. Sailing from the prehistoric ages; the history of Hungarian boat manufacturing, showed by models.
On a location deeper in the park there is a permanent exhibition about the history of flight and space flight, including original Hungarian and foreign aircraft, including a Junkers F-13, the first all-metal transport aircraft. It also has the cabin of the first Hungarian astronaut, Bertalan Farkas. The development of engines and instruments and modern rocket engineering techniques are demonstrated.
The history of city transportation shows the public traffic in Buda and Pest before the appearance of trams and omnibuses.
The museum also owns the collection of planes in Aeropark, an aviation museum dedicated to the history of Hungarian civil aviation, next to Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport.
Visitor information
Address: 11 Városligeti körút, XIV Budapest
Southeastern corner of City Park
The museum is temporarily closed due to reconstruction. After rebuilding, a completely new building will be erected for the renewed collection. For further information, please visit http://kozlekedesimuzeum.hu/
References
Sources
Közlekedési Múzeum homepage
Museums in Budapest
B
Transport museums in Hungary
Ferenc Pfaff buildings
City Park (Budapest) |
Wanda is a female given name.
Wanda may also refer to:
People
Wanda people, an ethnic group in Tanzania
For individual people named Wanda, see Wanda
Geography
Wanda, Illinois, United States
Wanda, Minnesota, United States
Wanda, Missouri, United States
Wanda, West Virginia, United States
Wanda Township, Adams County, Nebraska, United States
Wanda Beach, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Wanda, Burkina Faso
Wanda, Argentina
Wanda Mountains (完达山), in Mainland China
Wanda River (萬大溪), in Taiwan
Wanda (crater), a crater in the Akna Montes on Venus
Entertainment
Wanda (magazine), a weekly literature magazine in Warsaw
Wanda (band), an Austrian indie pop band.
Wanda (film), a 1970 American film
A Fish Called Wanda, a 1988 British film
Wanda, the fifth of Antonín Dvořák's 11 operas, based on a Polish legend
Wanda, the title character of an 1883 novel by Ouida
"Handa Wanda", song by The Wild Magnolias (1970)
"Kinda Fonda Wanda" a song by Neil Young on his album Everybody's Rockin'
Others
1057 Wanda, an asteroid
Wanda Group (万达集团 / 大连万达), a Chinese conglomerate
Wanda Media, a film company
Dalian Wanda F.C. (大连万达足球俱乐部), former name of Dalian Shide F.C., a football club in Dalian, Liaoning, China
Wanda Metropolitano, stadium of Atlético Madrid sponsored by Wanda Group
Wanda Films, a Spanish film distributing company
Wanda Beach Murders, two unsolved Australian murders in 1965
For tropical cyclones named Wanda, see List of storms named Wanda
For Wanda the first ever captive orca, see List of captive orcas
See also |
```go
// contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
// this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// Package sql contains SQL transform APIs, allowing SQL queries to be used
// in Beam Go pipelines.
//
// NOTE: This feature only works when an expansion service/handler is
// registered for SQL transform. The APIs are subject to change without
// backward compatibility guarantees.
package sql
import (
"reflect"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/graph"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/runtime/xlangx"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/core/typex"
"github.com/apache/beam/sdks/v2/go/pkg/beam/transforms/sql/sqlx"
)
// Option is the base type of all the SQL transform options.
type Option func(sqlx.Options)
// options contain all the options for a SQL transform.
type options struct {
dialect string
expansionAddr string
inputs map[string]beam.PCollection
outType beam.FullType
customs []sqlx.Option
}
func (o *options) Add(opt sqlx.Option) {
o.customs = append(o.customs, opt)
}
// Input adds a named PCollection input to the transform.
func Input(name string, in beam.PCollection) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).inputs[name] = in
}
}
// OutputType specifies the output PCollection type of the transform.
// It must match the SQL output schema.
//
// There is currently no default output type, so users must set this option.
// In the future, Row, once implemented, may become the default output type.
func OutputType(t reflect.Type, components ...typex.FullType) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).outType = typex.New(t, components...)
}
}
// Dialect specifies the SQL dialect, e.g. use 'zetasql' for ZetaSQL.
func Dialect(dialect string) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).dialect = dialect
}
}
// ExpansionAddr is the URL of the expansion service to use.
func ExpansionAddr(addr string) Option {
return func(o sqlx.Options) {
o.(*options).expansionAddr = addr
}
}
// Transform creates a SQL-based transform over zero or more PCollections
// and/or named data sources.
//
// PCollection inputs can be added using the sql.Input option. SQL queries can
// also refer to external tables that can be resolved by the expansion service.
//
// The output PCollection type must be specified by the sql.OutputType option.
//
// Example:
//
// in := beam.Create(s, 1, 2, 3)
// out := sql.Transform(s, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t",
// sql.Input("t", in),
// sql.OutputType(reflect.TypeOf(int64(0))))
// // `out` is a PCollection<int64> with a single element 3.
//
// If an expansion service address is not provided as an option, one will be
// automatically started for the transform.
func Transform(s beam.Scope, query string, opts ...Option) beam.PCollection {
o := &options{
inputs: make(map[string]beam.PCollection),
}
for _, opt := range opts {
opt(o)
}
if o.outType == nil {
panic("output type must be specified for sql.Transform")
}
payload := beam.CrossLanguagePayload(&sqlx.ExpansionPayload{
Query: query,
Dialect: o.dialect,
})
expansionAddr := sqlx.DefaultExpansionAddr
if o.expansionAddr != "" {
expansionAddr = xlangx.Require(o.expansionAddr)
}
out := beam.CrossLanguage(s, sqlx.Urn, payload, expansionAddr, o.inputs, beam.UnnamedOutput(o.outType))
return out[graph.UnnamedOutputTag]
}
``` |
Robert Champion (born 4 June 1948) is an English former jump jockey, who won the 1981 Grand National on Aldaniti. His triumph, while recovering from cancer, was made into the 1984 film Champions, with John Hurt portraying Champion. The film is based on Champion's book Champion's Story, which he wrote with close friend, racing journalist and broadcaster Jonathan Powell.
Biography
Champion was born in Sussex, but very soon after his birth the family moved to Guisborough in the North Riding of Yorkshire. In July 1979, at the height of his career as a jockey, he was diagnosed with testicular cancer. He was treated with an orchidectomy and with the chemotherapeutic drugs bleomycin, vinblastine and cisplatin, and also had an exploratory operation to identify cancer in his lymph nodes. His victory on Aldaniti was viewed by many as a great triumph, following his adversity. Their victory in the Grand National earned them that year's BBC Sports Personality of the Year Team Award, and was chosen by Channel 4 viewers in 2002 as one of the 100 Greatest Sporting Moments.
Other major races that Champion won during his career include the Hennessy Cognac Gold Cup and the Whitbread Trial Chase. He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1982 Birthday Honours. In 1983 he formed the Bob Champion Cancer Trust, which has raised millions of pounds for cancer research.
He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1981, when he was surprised, on his wedding day, by Eamonn Andrews.
Champion became a trainer based in Newmarket. The first horse he bought as such was "Just Martin" for owner Frank Pullen, who also built his yard. He retired from training horses in 1999.
On 22 December 2011, Champion received the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Helen Rollason Award award as part of the 2011 BBC Sports Personality of the Year competition.
He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2021 New Year Honours for services to prostate and testicular cancer research.
The Bob Champion Research and Education Building which is part of the University of East Anglia campus is named after him.
Works
Bob Champion and Jonathan Powell, Champion's Story: A Great Human Triumph, Victor Gollancs Ltd. (1981).
Bob Champion, I'm Champion, Call Me Bob, FCM Publishing, Lincoln, (2018).
References
External links
The Bob Champion Trust
1948 births
Living people
English jockeys
People from Guisborough
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire |
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a shotgun messenger was a private "express messenger" and guard, especially on a stagecoach but also on a train, in charge of overseeing and guarding a valuable private shipment, such as particularly the contents of a strongbox (on a stagecoach) or safe (on a train).
History
In the American Old West, express messengers of the Wells Fargo company typically carried a short (or sawn-off) 12- or 10-gauge double-barrelled shotgun, loaded with buckshot. The express messenger typically rode in a seat on top of the coach, on the left next to the driver, who typically sat on the right side, operating the wheel brake with his right arm. Such weapons were sometimes referred to as "messenger shotguns" ("coach gun" is a modern term, coined by gun collectors), which was an effective weapon for use against pursuing riders. If a stagecoach had only a driver and no messenger, this meant the coach carried no strongbox and was thus a less interesting target for "road agents" (bandits). To some extent, these weapons were also carried over to use by private guards in trains with strongboxes or safes, where they were also effective.
Like "gunslinger", the actual term "riding shotgun" first appeared in fiction about the Old West, dating back as far as the 1905 book The Sunset Trail by Alfred Henry Lewis. See also "calling shotgun" which dates from use in autos to about 1954, at a time when it was being used in the popular TV series Gunsmoke.
See also
Bob Paul, one of the most famous shotgun messengers of the American Old West
References
19th-century establishments
20th-century disestablishments
American frontier
Obsolete occupations
Protective service occupations
History of road transport |
St Paul's Presbyterian Church is a heritage-listed Presbyterian church at 43 St Pauls Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Francis Drummond Greville Stanley and built from 1887 to 1889 by Thomas Rees. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
History
St Paul's Presbyterian Church, a Gothic Revival-style stone building which dominates the skyline at Spring Hill, was constructed between 1887 and 1889.
First church building
The conregation of St Paul's, which at the time was a member of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland, founded their first Brisbane church on the corner of Creek and Adelaide Streets in 1863. This early timber structure was replaced in 1876 by a stone building of substantial proportions, which in turn was sold to the Queensland National Bank in 1886 and subsequently demolished. The sale enabled the purchase of a site in Leichhardt Street, Spring Hill for the construction of a new place of worship.
The Creek Street St Paul's Church was the location for the inaugural organ recital held in Brisbane, on 31 July 1883.
Second church building
Former Queensland Colonial Architect Francis Drummond Greville Stanley was commissioned to design a building well beyond immediate requirements, in anticipation of the church playing a more prominent role in the development of Queensland Presbyterianism.
Stanley had designed a number of masonry churches, including Holy Trinity Anglican Church in Fortitude Valley (1877), St Thomas' Anglican Church in Toowong (1877), and St Paul's Anglican Church in Maryborough (1879).
In 1886 a brick and stone Sabbath School Hall was erected on a corner of the site, and this building served as a temporary church for three years while the larger building was designed and constructed.
Contractor for the A£11,000 project was builder and alderman Thomas Rees (later mayor of Brisbane), who completed construction of the church in a little over 18 months. The foundation stone was laid on 8 October 1887 and the church was officially dedicated on 5 May 1889.
Much of the stone from the demolished Creek Street church was re-used in the Leichhardt Street church. Also a stone wall with Glasgow-founded iron railings and entrance gates, a pipe organ manufactured by William Hill & Sons, London , and prophet lights donated in 1878 by former Queensland Premier Sir Thomas McIlwraith, were removed to the new site.
Despite grand visions of St Paul's as the state centre of Presbyterian worship, the congregation was small and localised until the early 20th century, when a change of ministry encouraged a more active following.
The interior of the church was redesigned in 1901. The organ and choir stalls were moved from a prominent position beneath the central arch to the southwest transept, and the pulpit was centrally elevated.
St Paul's became a community landmark in Spring Hill, recognised officially with the mid-1930s renaming of a section of Leichhardt Street from Boundary Road to Brookes Street as St Pauls Terrace.
A number of church facilities were extended in the post-war period. This involved installation of an electronic carillon ("the chimes") in 1950; commissioning of stained glass lights – designed by William Bustard in 1957 and executed by Oliver Cowley between 1958 and 1972 – for the aisle windows; the addition of an electro-pneumatic action to the organ in 1963; and the inclusion of a columbarium in 1967. Renovation of the cedar pulpit, rostrum and communion table was undertaken in 1976.
In the early 1980s the Friends of St Paul's was established, which conducted an appeal to raise funds for restoration work. Funds from the appeal and various grants permitted repairs to some of the ornamental stonework.
To help finance a complete restoration, the rights were sold to develop an office tower and townhouse complex on the site of the former manse, which was demolished. Eventually the land itself was sold.
Description
St Paul's Presbyterian Church is a stone, Gothic Revival-styled building complete with buttresses, belltower and a spire rising above the ground.
Cruciform in shape, the design incorporates a nave, aisles, and well defined transepts. The chancel is truncated. Essentially the plan is symmetrical, with the addition of a small southwestern entry porch for the spiral staircase to the belltower.
The steeply pitched gabled roof with ventilation gablets is clad in broad profile galvanised iron.
Three distinct types of stone have been employed in the construction: rough dressed Brisbane tuff, probably from the Spring Hill and Windsor quarries, for the walls and buttresses; durable Helidon sandstone for the window facings; and a softer and less robust sandstone, possibly from Breakfast Creek or Goodna, for other facings and decorative work.
At the front a pair of large cedar doors open to a main entry porch paved with tessellated black and white marble. One of the stained glass windows in the entrance, designed by Brisbane artist William Bustard and unveiled in 1923, depicts the apostle Nathaniel. This was donated by the Philp family, following the death in 1922 of former businessman and Queensland premier, Sir Robert Philp.
The interior is simple yet impressive: the nave, with its stone pillars and gothic arches, is spacious; exposed wooden arches support a roof lining of diagonal tongue and groove, v-jointed red cedar; and the walls are rendered. Each aisle has its own roof, above which a sequence of cusped windows in the clerestory permits natural lighting of the nave.
In the wall above the chancel are a rose window and four large stained glass windows of European manufacture, which depict old testament prophets. Double arched windows along the aisles illustrate ten events in the life of St Paul.
Red cedar has been employed for internal joinery and furniture, and the sloping floor is of pine.
St Paul's houses the only swung bell in Brisbane, which was cast in 1888 by John Warner & Sons, London. The bell chamber is noted for its perfect acoustic properties in transmitting sound to the nave.
After more than a century of use, St Paul's remains intact in form, structure, fabric and function.
Heritage listing
St Paul's Presbyterian Church was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
St Paul's Presbyterian Church, constructed 1887-89, is significant historically for its association with the work of the Presbyterian Church in Queensland, and in particular, as evidence of the Creek Street congregation's anticipation of playing a prominent role in Queensland Presbyterianism.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.
It is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of 19th century Gothic church design in Queensland: it remains substantially intact, and is one of few churches in Queensland to fully realise the "gothic" style in stone. In addition, St Paul's is significant for its early pipe organ, stained glass and swung bell.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
The place has considerable landmark quality and aesthetic appeal, and makes a strong aesthetic contribution to both the Spring Hill townscape and the skyline along St Pauls Terrace. It remains an integral element in a cohesive ecclesiastical precinct formed with the adjoining church hall and boundary fence.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
It also has historical significance as the origin of the name of a principal Brisbane street, St Pauls Terrace – indicative of a wider community association with the church as a Brisbane landmark.
The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.
St Paul's is important as a major example of the ecclesiastical work of former colonial architect FDG Stanley.
References
Attribution
External links
— 1904 newspaper article about the church
Queensland Heritage Register
Spring Hill, Queensland
Presbyterian churches in Brisbane
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
Churches completed in 1889
Francis Drummond Greville Stanley church buildings
1887 establishments in Australia
Gothic Revival architecture in Queensland
Gothic Revival church buildings in Australia
Stone churches in Australia
19th-century Presbyterian church buildings in Australia |
```go
// Code generated by smithy-go-codegen DO NOT EDIT.
package eventbridge
import (
"context"
"fmt"
awsmiddleware "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/middleware"
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/eventbridge/types"
"github.com/aws/smithy-go/middleware"
smithyhttp "github.com/aws/smithy-go/transport/http"
"time"
)
// Get the information about an existing global endpoint. For more information
// about global endpoints, see [Making applications Regional-fault tolerant with global endpoints and event replication]in the Amazon EventBridge User Guide .
//
// [Making applications Regional-fault tolerant with global endpoints and event replication]: path_to_url
func (c *Client) DescribeEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params *DescribeEndpointInput, optFns ...func(*Options)) (*DescribeEndpointOutput, error) {
if params == nil {
params = &DescribeEndpointInput{}
}
result, metadata, err := c.invokeOperation(ctx, "DescribeEndpoint", params, optFns, c.addOperationDescribeEndpointMiddlewares)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
out := result.(*DescribeEndpointOutput)
out.ResultMetadata = metadata
return out, nil
}
type DescribeEndpointInput struct {
// The name of the endpoint you want to get information about. For example,
// "Name":"us-east-2-custom_bus_A-endpoint" .
//
// This member is required.
Name *string
// The primary Region of the endpoint you want to get information about. For
// example "HomeRegion": "us-east-1" .
HomeRegion *string
noSmithyDocumentSerde
}
type DescribeEndpointOutput struct {
// The ARN of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Arn *string
// The time the endpoint you asked for information about was created.
CreationTime *time.Time
// The description of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Description *string
// The ID of the endpoint you asked for information about.
EndpointId *string
// The URL of the endpoint you asked for information about.
EndpointUrl *string
// The event buses being used by the endpoint you asked for information about.
EventBuses []types.EndpointEventBus
// The last time the endpoint you asked for information about was modified.
LastModifiedTime *time.Time
// The name of the endpoint you asked for information about.
Name *string
// Whether replication is enabled or disabled for the endpoint you asked for
// information about.
ReplicationConfig *types.ReplicationConfig
// The ARN of the role used by the endpoint you asked for information about.
RoleArn *string
// The routing configuration of the endpoint you asked for information about.
RoutingConfig *types.RoutingConfig
// The current state of the endpoint you asked for information about.
State types.EndpointState
// The reason the endpoint you asked for information about is in its current state.
StateReason *string
// Metadata pertaining to the operation's result.
ResultMetadata middleware.Metadata
noSmithyDocumentSerde
}
func (c *Client) addOperationDescribeEndpointMiddlewares(stack *middleware.Stack, options Options) (err error) {
if err := stack.Serialize.Add(&setOperationInputMiddleware{}, middleware.After); err != nil {
return err
}
err = stack.Serialize.Add(&awsAwsjson11_serializeOpDescribeEndpoint{}, middleware.After)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = stack.Deserialize.Add(&awsAwsjson11_deserializeOpDescribeEndpoint{}, middleware.After)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := addProtocolFinalizerMiddlewares(stack, options, "DescribeEndpoint"); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("add protocol finalizers: %v", err)
}
if err = addlegacyEndpointContextSetter(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addSetLoggerMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addClientRequestID(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addComputeContentLength(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addResolveEndpointMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addComputePayloadSHA256(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRetry(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRawResponseToMetadata(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRecordResponseTiming(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addClientUserAgent(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = smithyhttp.AddErrorCloseResponseBodyMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = smithyhttp.AddCloseResponseBodyMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addSetLegacyContextSigningOptionsMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addTimeOffsetBuild(stack, c); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addUserAgentRetryMode(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addOpDescribeEndpointValidationMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = stack.Initialize.Add(newServiceMetadataMiddleware_opDescribeEndpoint(options.Region), middleware.Before); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRecursionDetection(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRequestIDRetrieverMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addResponseErrorMiddleware(stack); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addRequestResponseLogging(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
if err = addDisableHTTPSMiddleware(stack, options); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
func newServiceMetadataMiddleware_opDescribeEndpoint(region string) *awsmiddleware.RegisterServiceMetadata {
return &awsmiddleware.RegisterServiceMetadata{
Region: region,
ServiceID: ServiceID,
OperationName: "DescribeEndpoint",
}
}
``` |
Sir Francis Theodore Page Burt (14 June 1918 – 8 September 2004) was an Australian jurist who served as the 11th Chief Justice of Western Australia, from 1977 to 1988, and the 27th Governor of Western Australia, from 1990 to 1993.
Burt was born in Cottesloe, a suburb of Perth Western Australia, and educated at Guildford Grammar School. He studied law at the University of Western Australia, and also served in the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force during the Second World War. Burt was made a justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia in 1969, and was promoted to Chief Justice in 1977. As Chief Justice, he served as lieutenant-governor. When the Governor of Western Australia, Gordon Reid, resigned in 1989, Burt was appointed to succeed him and served as governor until 1993.
Biography
Born in Mosman Park, Western Australia, Burt's great-grandfather, Sir Archibald Burt, was Chief Justice of Western Australia from 1861 to 1879, while his grandfather, Septimus Burt, was Attorney-General and Agent-General when responsible government was granted to Western Australia in December 1890. Archibald Burt had been a slaveholder in the West Indies. Burt was educated at Guildford Grammar School and later studied law at the University of Western Australia. During the Second World War he served in the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force.
After being admitted to the Bar in 1941, Burt gained his skills as a Queen's Counsel in 1959, and in 1961 founded the independent Bar in Western Australia. With others, he established Bar Chambers in 1962. He was appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia in 1969, a position he held until 1977 when he was promoted to Chief Justice of Western Australia. He retired in 1988.
Burt was afforded a state funeral on his death in 2004. He is buried at Karrakatta Cemetery. The Francis Burt Chambers located in Allendale Square, Perth, and the Francis Burt Law Education Centre and Museum in Stirling Gardens are both named in his honour.
References
1918 births
2004 deaths
Australian jurists
Royal Australian Air Force officers
Australian King's Counsel
Burials at Karrakatta Cemetery
Chief Justices of Western Australia
Judges of the Supreme Court of Western Australia
Companions of the Order of Australia
Governors of Western Australia
Australian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
People educated at Guildford Grammar School
Royal Australian Air Force personnel of World War II
Royal Australian Navy personnel of World War II
20th-century King's Counsel
University of Western Australia alumni |
The Avia BH-23 was a prototype night fighter aircraft built in Czechoslovakia in 1926. The design was derived from the BH-21 day fighter, incorporating structural changes made to the BH-22 trainer, and the type was originally designated BH-22N. Searchlights and other night-flying equipment were added, but the Czechoslovak Air Force were not interested in the project and no sale resulted.
Specifications
See also
References
Němeček, V. (1968). Československá letadla. Praha: Naše Vojsko.
1920s Czechoslovakian fighter aircraft
BH-23
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft |
São Valentim is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
See also
List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul
References
Municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul |
Spandan is the annual intercollegiate cultural, literary and sports festival of the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Pondicherry, India.
It is held in late August and early September, and spans 7 days. Spandan is the largest medical inter-college festival in southern India, in terms of sheer attendance. Spandan has participants from medical colleges all over India as well as from regional engineering colleges. The number of registered participants is around 5000 every year from over 70 colleges.
History
In the 1960s and 1970s the JIPMER Students Association conducted an inter-collegiate sporting festival that included the Dr.S.S.Chaddha Memorial Hockey tournament and the Dr.S.L.Basu Memorial Football tournament. In 1978, the inter-collegiate sporting festival became Les Jeux and included basketball and badminton in addition to hockey and football. In 1980, cultural and literary events were added to the sporting events and were named Les Beaux Arts. In 1982, Les Jeux and Les Beaux Arts were folded into the overarching Spandan festival.
See also
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research
Cultural Festivals in Indian Colleges
References
All-India inter-collegiate festival begins today; The Hindu, Tuesday, 31 August 2004
JIPMER cultural fete to kick off on 30 August; The Hindu, Sunday, 28 August 2005
External links
The official Facebook Group
The Facebook page
Culfests
Culture of Puducherry |
Pop På Svenska & Plan 714 till Komeda is the re-issue of the first two releases by Swedish band Komeda. Both were originally released by the Swedish record label North of No South — the album Pop På Svenska in 1993 and the EP Plan 714 till Komeda in 1995. Both the album and EP are sung in Komeda's native language.
The title Plan 714 till Komeda is supposed to be a reference to the Hergé comic-strip album Vol 714 pour Sydney (Flight 714 to Sydney), the Swedish title of which is Plan 714 till Sydney.
The Minty Fresh label had given an international release to Komeda's prior two English language albums, so the label combined Pop På Svenska and Plan 714 till Komeda onto one CD and issued it in 2001.
Track listing
All songs written by Komeda
Pop På Svenska
"Oj Vilket Liv!"
"Bonjour Tristesse"
"Sen Sommar"
"Ad Fontes"
"Vackra Kristaller"
"Medicin"
"Feeling Fine"
"Vals På Skare"
"Snurrig Bossanova"
"Stjärna"
"Glöd"
"En Promenix"
"Borgo"
"Mod"
Plan 714 till Komeda
"Fuego de la Vida"
"Herbamore"
"Som I Fjol"
"En Spricka I Taket"
References
2001 albums
Komeda albums
Minty Fresh Records albums |
Qaleh-e Ali Baba (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye ‘Alī Bābā) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Lamerd County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 133, in 31 families.
References
Populated places in Lamerd County |
Zoran Knežević (; 13 February 1948 – 12 September 2014) was a Montenegrin politician.
Early life and education
Zoran Knežević was born on 13 February 1948. He graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law in 1971.
Career
Knežević served as a judge in the Municipal Court, the Court of Collective Labor and presided over the District Commercial Court in Titograd. From 1989 to 1992, he served as the Vice President of the Titograd Municipality, and was the Mayor of Podgorica from January 1993 to late 1996.
Knežević was a member of the Main Board of the Democratic Party of Socialists, and became a founding member of the pro-Serbian Socialist People's Party when it was formed in 1998.
He was Justice Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 20 March 1997 to 12 August 1999 and a Member of Parliament of the Yugoslav Parliament's Chamber of Citizens 1999 until the election in 2000.
After the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević in October 2000, Knežević served as the editor of the Official Gazette of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until April 2003, after which he worked as lawyer in Belgrade.
Death
He died in Belgrade on 12 September 2014 aged 66, and was buried in Staniseljići in Lješanska nahija on 15 September 2014.
References
1948 births
2014 deaths
Government ministers of Yugoslavia
Mayors of Podgorica
University of Belgrade Faculty of Law alumni |
According to ibn Fadlan, the Jāwashīghar was an official in the Khazar government under the command of the Kündür Khagan, in turn under Khagan Bek's command. Ibn Fadlan did not describe the duties of this officer.
This title had been transcribed in different ways: Jāwshïghr or Jawshïghïr (Togan, 1939), Jāwshīghr (Canard, McKeithen 1979), Jawshighir (Frye, 2005), Jawshīghīr (Lunde & Stone, 2011) and Jāwash(y)īghar (Golden, 1980).
Scholarly theories to etymologize the title include:
Douglas M. Dunlop (1954) hypothesized that the name derives from the phrase Chavush Uyghur or "Marshal of the Uyghurs";
Golden (2005:214) proposed that Jāwshīghr might've been garbled from Jawašğır from javaš (Common Turkic yavaš) "gentle, mild" plus agentive suffix -ğır/ğur, thus "the one who makes peace" (cf. Uygh. Buddh. yavaš qıl "to make peace" (Clauson, 1972:880));
Erdal (2007:80-81) reconstructed Čavïš-yïgar, meaning "the 'marshal' bringing together all the čavïš [who marshalled the ranks in battle and were in charge of order at court]";
Klyashtorny (1997:22-23) reconstructed Čavšunqar (beg) "head of the royal falcon-hunting" (čav means falcon and šunqar gyrfalcon) and pointed to the Karakhanid title čavlï-beg.
Sources
Kevin Alan Brook. The Jews of Khazaria. 3rd ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2018.
Douglas M. Dunlop, The History of the Jewish Khazars, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1954.
Peter B. Golden, Khazar Studies, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1980.
Peter B. Golden, "Khazarica: Notes on Some Khazar Terms", in Turkic Languages, ed. Lars Johanson, Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005
Ahmad ibn Fadlan, Mission to the Volga, translated by James Montgomery, foreword by Tom Severin, 2017, NYU Press, 2017.
Marcel Erdal, "The Khazar Language" in The World of the Khazars. Leiden: Brill, 2007. pp. 75-108
Sergey Klyashtorny, "About One Khazar Title in ibn Faḍlān" in Manuscripta Orientalia 3.3, Thesa, 1997.
Khazar titles |
Nimlot A was a Great Chief of the Ma during the late 21st Dynasty of ancient Egypt. He is mainly known for being the father of the founder of the 22nd Dynasty, pharaoh Shoshenq I.
Biography
Nimlot A was a son of the Great Chief of the Ma Shoshenq A and of the King's mother Mehtenweskhet A, and thus a full-brother of the 21st Dynasty pharaoh Osorkon the Elder. His wife was Tentsepeh A by whom he had a son, Shoshenq B who later became pharaoh (Shoshenq I): for this reason Nimlot and Tentsepeh were posthumously called God's father and God's mother. It is probable that the couple also had a daughter, Mehtenweskhet B, who married the High Priest of Ptah Shedsu-nefertum.
When Nimlot A died, his son Shoshenq inherited the title of Great Chief of the Ma; Shoshenq obtained by pharaoh Psusennes II the permission to build at Abydos a great dedicatory inscription in honor of his father. Nimlot A and Tentsepeh A are also mentioned in the genealogy reported on the stela of Pasenhor.
Shoshenq A = Mehtenweskhet A unknown chief
| |
+--------+--------+ +----------+
| | |
Osorkon the Elder Nimlot A = Tentsepeh A
|
+-------------+
| |
Shoshenq I Mehtenweskhet B = Shedsu-nefertum
References
10th-century BC monarchs
Chiefs of the Ma
People of the Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt
Ancient Egyptian god's fathers |
Hypsotropa infumatella is a species of snout moth in the genus Hypsotropa. It was described by Ragonot in 1901, and is known from South Africa.
References
Endemic moths of South Africa
Moths described in 1901
Anerastiini |
```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
labels:
istio-injection: enabled
name: ns-override
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
labels:
istio-injection: enabled
name: workload-override
---
# ProxyConfig for root namespace
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: ProxyConfig
metadata:
name: valid-example-pc
namespace: istio-system
---
# ProxyConfig for ns-override namespace
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: ProxyConfig
metadata:
name: valid-example-pc
namespace: ns-override
spec:
image:
imageType: distroless
---
# ProxyConfig for workload-override namespace
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: ProxyConfig
metadata:
name: valid-example-pc
namespace: workload-override
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: details
workload: details
image:
imageType: distroless
---
# Pod with ProxyConfig for ns-override namespace should not get a warning.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
app: details
name: details-v1-pod-ns-override
namespace: ns-override
spec:
containers:
- image: docker.io/istio/examples-bookinfo-details-v1:1.15.0
name: details
- image: docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.3.1-distroless
name: istio-proxy
---
# Pod with ProxyConfig for workload-override namespace should not get a warning.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
app: details
workload: details
name: details-v1-pod-workload-override
namespace: workload-override
spec:
containers:
- image: docker.io/istio/examples-bookinfo-details-v1:1.15.0
name: details
- image: docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.3.1-distroless
name: istio-proxy
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
labels:
istio-injection: enabled
name: annotation-override
---
# Pod with annotation override should not get a warning.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
annotations:
proxy.istio.io/config: |
image:
imageType: distroless
labels:
app: details
name: details-v1-pod-annotation-override
namespace: annotation-override
spec:
containers:
- image: docker.io/istio/examples-bookinfo-details-v1:1.15.0
name: details
- image: docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.3.1-distroless
name: istio-proxy
``` |
The Voice Is Rich is a 1959 Mercury Records recording by Buddy Rich as vocalist backed by the Hal Mooney Orchestra. The album has also been reissued on CD together (as a "two-fer") with Buddy Rich Just Sings.
Track listing
LP Side A
"Down the Old Ox Road" – 2:21
"Born to Be Blue" – 3:56
"I've Heard That Song Before" – 2:45
"I Want a Little Girl" – 2:36
"I Can't Give You Anything But Love" – 3:02
LP Side B
"You've Changed" – 2:39
"Me And My Shadow" – 2:28
"(Ah, the Apple Trees) When the World Was Young" – 3:57
"It's Been a Long, Long Time" – 2:56
"I Don't Want To Walk Without You" – 2:55
"Back In Your Own Back Yard" – 2:45
Personnel
Buddy Rich – vocals
Hal Mooney Orchestra
References
Mercury MG 20461 (Mono)
Mercury SR 60144 (Stereo)
The Voice is Rich at [ allmusic.com]
Buddy Rich albums
Mercury Records albums
1959 albums |
Sir Francis Villeneuve Smith (13 February 1819 – 17 January 1909) was an Australian lawyer, judge and politician, who served as the fourth Premier of Tasmania from 12 May 1857 until 1 November 1860.
Early life: West Indies
Smith was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. His mother, Marie Josephine Villeneuve (? – 4 December 1893), was of African descent but nothing more is known about her parents. Smith would acknowledge his mother's ancestry by adopting her surname in 1884.
While his mother was a resident of Port-au-Prince, his father was recorded as ‘Sir (sic) Francis Smith, foreign merchant in this town’. He ‘declared being the natural father of the child…’
Francis Smith senior (5 November 1787– 8 September 1855) was born in Nevis, the son of the ships’ carpenter Francis Smith (? – January 1790) and his common-law wife Amelia Brodbelt (? – May 1817). Described as a ‘mulatto’, in March 1765 Amelia Brodbelt had been freed from enslavement by Frances Brodbelt of Nevis. Frances was the unmarried sister of the Nevis planter James Brodbelt who was Amelia Brodbelt’s father. Throughout her life, Amelia was known as a ‘free coloured woman’.
Early life: to Tasmania via England
By 1821 Francis Smith senior and his family were living at 26 Brunswick Place, Shoreditch, London. Francis was baptised on 24 September 1821 in the local church, St Leonard's. Before May 1824 the family moved to Lindfield, Sussex, where his father bought a farm which he sold prior to leaving for Australia.
The family arrived in Port Jackson, Sydney on 15 November 1828. After a brief stay in Sydney and then Hobart Francis Smith senior bought two large tracts of partially developed land north of Richmond in the Australian colony of Van Diemen’s Land (later called Tasmania) and became a farmer.
Education and career
Smith grew up on his father’s estate, ‘Campania' in Tasmania but returned to England to further his education. In 1838 he began studying law at the Middle Temple and arts at University College London, graduating with a BA in 1840. He was called to the Bar on 27 May 1842 and in later life was a Bencher of his Inn from 1890 to 1898.
After returning to Tasmania, he was admitted to the Tasmanian Bar in October 1844. He became 'a barrister of some standing 'whose talent and legal knowledge have obtained for him a very large amount of practice'.
In 1851 he became a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council and soon after became Solicitor-General, a role he served until 1854.
He was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 1856 and served as Attorney-General in William Champ's first ministry from 1 November 1856 until 26 February 1857. When William Weston's ministry (1857) collapsed, he proceeded to form his own with himself as Premier and Attorney-General. He held office for three years until 1860, becoming the first Premier of Tasmania to hold office for more than one year. In 1860 he was appointed to the Supreme Court bench, becoming Chief Justice in 1870. During his time as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tasmania he displayed legal aptitude, producing well-reasoned judgments.
Smith was knighted in 1862.
On ending his distinguished legal and political career, he retired to England where he died on 17 January 1909 in Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
Family
Smith married Sarah Giles on 26 August 1851. She was born about 1832 in Foxford, County Mayo, Ireland and died on 29 July 1909. She was the only child of the Reverend George Giles of Launceston. They had two sons and two daughters; only one of the sons has been identified:
o Francis George Villeneuve Smith (1854–1941), solicitor, left Tasmania for Sydney in 1883, on 2 July 1885 married Caroline (Lena) Anne Shadforth Stephen, only child of Mr M. H. Stephen, barrister-at-law.
o Kate Villeneuve Smith (c 1856 Tasmania - ?)
o Margaret Villeneuve Smith (c 1861 Tasmania - ?)
References
Further reading
1819 births
1909 deaths
Premiers of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Members of the Tasmanian Legislative Council
Chief Justices of Tasmania
Australian Knights Bachelor
Members of the Middle Temple
People from Lindfield, West Sussex
English emigrants to colonial Australia
Colony of Tasmania judges
Judges of the Supreme Court of Tasmania
19th-century Australian judges
19th-century Australian politicians
Solicitors-General of Tasmania
Attorneys-General of Tasmania
Politicians from Port-au-Prince
Australian people of Haitian descent |
The Mongolian-Manchurian grassland, also known as the Mongolian-Manchurian steppe or Gobi-Manchurian steppe, in the temperate grassland biome, is an ecoregion in East Asia covering parts of Mongolia, the Chinese Autonomous region of Inner Mongolia, and Northeast China.
Setting
The Mongolian-Manchurian grassland () covers an area of . This temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion of the Palearctic realm forms a large crescent around the Gobi Desert, extending across central and eastern Mongolia into the eastern portion of Inner Mongolia and eastern and central Manchuria, and then southwest across the North China Plain. To the northeast and north, the Selenge-Orkhon and Daurian forest steppes form a transition zone between the grassland and the forests of Siberia to the north. On the east and southeast, the grasslands transition to temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, including the Manchurian mixed forests, Northeast China Plain deciduous forests, and Central China loess plateau mixed forests. On the southwest, the grasslands extend to the Yellow River, across which is the Ordos Plateau steppe. It lies between the Altai Mountains in the west and the Greater Khingan Region in the east.
Climate
The climate is hypercontinental sub-humid or semi-arid, with the Köppen classifications BSk or in the extreme east, Dwa or Dwb. The region features warm summers with decreasing rainfall from east to west, alongside frigid, extremely dry winters. Being relatively dry, from a combination of being landlocked and the proximity of the Siberian High, only select animals can live here.
Flora
The dominant flora consists of medium to tall grasslands, dominated by feather grass (Stipa baicalensis, S. capillata, and S. grandis), sheep's fescue (Festuca ovina), Aneurolepidium chinense, Filifolium sibiricuman, and Cleistogenes sqarrosa. The drier regions surrounding the Gobi host drought-tolerant grasses, together with forbs and low, spiny shrubs.
The southwestern slopes of the Greater Khingan range support pockets of broadleaf deciduous forest, of either Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica), or a mixture of poplar (Populus davidiana and P. suaveolens), Siberian silver birch (Betula platyphylla), and willow (Salix rorida).
There are also grasses such as;
Feathergrass – It lives long since it is rarely consumed.
Sheepgrass – It is perennial.
Lyme Grass – It can provide food for the animals who need it.
Fauna
Despite its landscaping, wildlife can be found in a variety of habitats not restricted solely to the open steppe. Many are programmed to traverse vast distances in extreme weather and terrain by running, digging, and/or flying.
The black grouse occupies the belt of steppe, forests, and mountains stretching across much of Asia.
The black-billed capercaillie lives and forages mainly in larch taiga further north of the steppe.
The Daurian partridge feeds and hides in dense grassland and underbrush.
The ringneck pheasant has been introduced to similar grassland habitat in the United States for hunting and sport.
The brown eared pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) is also adapted to the mountainous woodlands of Northeast China and other similar ecoregions.
The bobak marmot (Marmota bobak), also known as the steppe marmot, inhabits the area
The Mongolian wolf is found throughout the region.
The Mongolian wild ass (or onager) once covered vast steppe, though now exist in isolated patches.
The Mongolian gazelle is numerous here.
The Przewalski's horse has been reintroduced here.
The corsac fox drinks very little water, instead, obtaining it mostly through their prey.
The bearded vulture's powerful beak can hammer large bones against hard rock.
The northern goshawk can be found in deciduous and coniferous woodland edges.
The steppe eagle specializes in seizing ground squirrels and other small mammals from their dens.
The steppe lemming is a very important prey base. Their presence in an area can limit the presence of other voles. Unfortunately, they can also very easily reduce vegetation if necessary. They are very good at burrowing in the terrain. They have a very big migration when it may get too cold.
The Daurian hedgehog is found in the forest-steppe and grasslands.
Culture
The majority of people in the steppe are Mongolian nomads. Families in the Mongolian steppe live in "gers" which are a type of large portable tent. Mongolians are also master horse riders so many families own many horses that roam the steppe. The people in the steppe use the animals there for their food and drink. They also have a very prominent musical culture with a wide variety of traditional Mongolian songs.
Conservation and threats
The Mongolian-Manchurian grassland faces threat from human expansion, though in most of its eastern area, it has not been altered by agriculture as much as its reaches in its western area, or similar grasslands in North America.
Protected areas
5.09% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Protected areas include:
References
Ecoregions of Asia
Ecoregions of China
Ecoregions of Mongolia
Ecoregions of Russia
Grasslands of Asia
Grasslands of China
Grasslands of Mongolia
Grasslands of Russia
Palearctic ecoregions
Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands |
Yusifli is a village and municipality in the Jalilabad Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 239.
References
Populated places in Jalilabad District (Azerbaijan) |
```sqlpl
drop database if exists `seata`;
CREATE DATABASE `seata` CHARSET utf8;
use `seata`;
-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL,
`application_id` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_name` VARCHAR(128),
`timeout` INT,
`begin_time` BIGINT,
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`branch_type` VARCHAR(8),
`status` TINYINT,
`client_id` VARCHAR(64),
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME(6),
`gmt_modified` DATETIME(6),
PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
`row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(96),
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`table_name` VARCHAR(32),
`pk` VARCHAR(36),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
``` |
Gobelins, l'école de l'image is a school of visual communication and arts in Paris, France, with its main location near the Latin Quarter. A consular school funded by the Parisian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, it provides several programs at a range of fees.
It is best known for the Cinéma Department of Animation, founded in 1975 by Pierre Ayma, who brought the school into the spotlight. It has an international reputation, producing numerous talented individuals and teams hired by the world's leading animation studios, including Disney, Universal, Hanna Barbera, Pixar, DreamWorks and Warner Bros. Its former students include many strip cartoonists and animation artists such as Didier Cassegrain, Cromwell, Jean-François Miniac, and Pierre Coffin. The faculty includes world-class industry leaders such as Michel Bouvet.
Over the years, Gobelins has introduced major innovations in multimedia content, developing products for the web, CD-ROM, Interactive DVD, and public installations. The video department, created by Daniel Boullay and Guy Chevalier for the training of adult students, has since 1985 been prominent in the French technical audiovisual landscape. Led by Daniel Desmoulins, the video department allows professionals to create or analyze techniques, keeping current with the rapid evolution of industry technologies. Gobelins also offers instruction in photography and graphic design.
Notable alumni
Virginie Augustin, comic book artist
Pierre Coffin, director of Despicable Me.
Bibo Bergeron, director of A Monster in Paris, The Road to El Dorado and Shark Tale.
Kristof Serrand, supervising animator at DreamWorks Animation.
Marion Montaigne, known particularly for Tu mourras moins bête....
Bastien Vivès, co-creator of Lastman (comic book).
Olivier Grunewald, photographer.
Riad Sattouf, creator of The Arab of the Future.
Yves Bigerel, co-creator of Lastman (comic book).
Olivier Cotte, animation historian.
Rikke Asbjoern, co-creator of Pinky Malinky.
Violaine Briat, storyboard artist on The Loud House.
Bertrand Mandico, film director
Lucrèce Andreae, film director
Simon Otto, head of character animation at DreamWorks Animation.
Thomas Romain, co-creator of Code Lyoko and co-producer of Oban Star-Racers.
Pierre Perifel, director of The Bad Guys.
Notable student films
Le Building (2005) - by Marco Nguyen, Pierre Perifel, Xavier Ramonède, Olivier Staphylas, and Rémi Zaarour
Oktapodi (2007) - by Julien Bocabeille, François-Xavier Chanioux, Olivier Delabarre, Thierry Marchand, Quentin Marmier, and Emud Mokhberi
Last Summer (2022) - by Nicola Bernardi, Alessandra De Stefano, Chloé Van Becelaere, Camille Van Delft, and Elodie Xia
External links
www.gobelins.fr, The Official School Site
www.gobelins-school.com, The Official School Site (English version)
Les meilleures films des étudiants (Vidéos)
Students and alumni of Les Gobelins
Coordinates
: Paris site
: Noisy-le-Grand site
References
Education in Paris
Art schools in Paris
Art schools in France
French animation studios
Educational institutions established in 1975
Animation schools in France |
```xml
import { ExpandedTaxInfoUpdateRequest } from "../../../../billing/models/request/expanded-tax-info-update.request";
export class ProviderSetupRequest {
name: string;
businessName: string;
billingEmail: string;
token: string;
key: string;
taxInfo: ExpandedTaxInfoUpdateRequest;
}
``` |
The 1993 NAIA World Series was the 37th annual tournament hosted by the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics to determine the national champion of baseball among its member colleges and universities in the United States and Canada.
The tournament was again played at Sec Taylor Stadium in Des Moines, Iowa.
Saint Francis (IL) (46-16-2) defeated Southeastern Oklahoma State (43–19) in a single-game championship series, 4–2, to win the Fighting Saints' first NAIA World Series. It was the fourth title for Saint Francis coach Gordie Gillespie, who won three NAIA World Series with Lewis in 1974, 1975, and 1976.
Saint Francis pitcher and outfielder Ivan Lawler was named tournament MVP.
Bracket
Preliminary
Championship
See also
1993 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
1993 NCAA Division II baseball tournament
1993 NCAA Division III baseball tournament
1993 NAIA Softball World Series
References
NAIA World Series
NAIA World Series
NAIA World Series
College baseball in Iowa
Sports competitions in Iowa
Sports in Des Moines, Iowa |
```objective-c
/*
*
*/
/**
* @note TX and RX channels are index from 0 in the LL driver, i.e. tx_channel = [0,3], rx_channel = [0,3]
*/
#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "hal/misc.h"
#include "hal/assert.h"
#include "soc/rmt_struct.h"
#include "soc/system_struct.h"
#include "hal/rmt_types.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_DONE(channel) (1 << (channel))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_THRES(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 8))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_LOOP_END(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 12))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_ERROR(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 4))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_DONE(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 16))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_THRES(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 24))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_ERROR(channel) (1 << ((channel) + 20))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel) (RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_DONE(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_THRES(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_LOOP_END(channel))
#define RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel) (RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_DONE(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_THRES(channel))
#define RMT_LL_MAX_LOOP_COUNT_PER_BATCH 1023
#define RMT_LL_MAX_FILTER_VALUE 255
#define RMT_LL_MAX_IDLE_VALUE 32767
typedef enum {
RMT_LL_MEM_OWNER_SW = 0,
RMT_LL_MEM_OWNER_HW = 1,
} rmt_ll_mem_owner_t;
/**
* @brief Enable the bus clock for RMT module
*
* @param group_id Group ID
* @param enable true to enable, false to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(int group_id, bool enable)
{
(void)group_id;
SYSTEM.perip_clk_en0.rmt_clk_en = enable;
}
/// use a macro to wrap the function, force the caller to use it in a critical section
/// the critical section needs to declare the __DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV variable in advance
#define rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(...) (void)__DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV; rmt_ll_enable_bus_clock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* @brief Reset the RMT module
*
* @param group_id Group ID
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_reset_register(int group_id)
{
(void)group_id;
SYSTEM.perip_rst_en0.rmt_rst = 1;
SYSTEM.perip_rst_en0.rmt_rst = 0;
}
/// use a macro to wrap the function, force the caller to use it in a critical section
/// the critical section needs to declare the __DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV variable in advance
#define rmt_ll_reset_register(...) (void)__DECLARE_RCC_ATOMIC_ENV; rmt_ll_reset_register(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* @brief Enable clock gate for register and memory
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_periph_clock(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->sys_conf.clk_en = enable; // register clock gating
dev->sys_conf.mem_clk_force_on = enable; // memory clock gating
}
/**
* @brief Force power on the RMT memory block, regardless of the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_force_power_on(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 1;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Force power off the RMT memory block, regardless of the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_force_power_off(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 1;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Power control the RMT memory block by the outside PMU logic
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_mem_power_by_pmu(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd = 0;
dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pu = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable APB accessing RMT memory in nonfifo mode
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_mem_access_nonfifo(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->sys_conf.apb_fifo_mask = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set clock source and divider for RMT channel group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel not used as clock source is set for all channels
* @param src Clock source
* @param divider_integral Integral part of the divider
* @param divider_denominator Denominator part of the divider
* @param divider_numerator Numerator part of the divider
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_set_group_clock_src(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, rmt_clock_source_t src,
uint32_t divider_integral, uint32_t divider_denominator, uint32_t divider_numerator)
{
// Formula: rmt_sclk = module_clock_src / (1 + div_num + div_a / div_b)
(void)channel; // the source clock is set for all channels
HAL_ASSERT(divider_integral >= 1);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->sys_conf, sclk_div_num, divider_integral - 1);
dev->sys_conf.sclk_div_a = divider_numerator;
dev->sys_conf.sclk_div_b = divider_denominator;
switch (src) {
case RMT_CLK_SRC_APB:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 1;
break;
case RMT_CLK_SRC_RC_FAST:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 2;
break;
case RMT_CLK_SRC_XTAL:
dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel = 3;
break;
default:
HAL_ASSERT(false && "unsupported RMT clock source");
break;
}
}
/**
* @brief Enable RMT peripheral source clock
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param en True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_group_clock(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool en)
{
dev->sys_conf.sclk_active = en;
}
////////////////////////////////////////TX Channel Specific/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Reset clock divider for TX channels by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_channels_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
// write 1 to reset
dev->ref_cnt_rst.val |= channel_mask & 0x0F;
}
/**
* @brief Set TX channel clock divider
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param div Division value
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t div)
{
HAL_ASSERT(div >= 1 && div <= 256 && "divider out of range");
// limit the maximum divider to 256
if (div >= 256) {
div = 0; // 0 means 256 division
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chnconf0[channel], div_cnt_chn, div);
}
/**
* @brief Reset RMT reading pointer for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_pointer(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_rd_rst_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_rd_rst_chn = 0;
dev->chnconf0[channel].apb_mem_rst_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].apb_mem_rst_chn = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable DMA access for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_dma(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
HAL_ASSERT(channel == 3 && "only TX channel 3 has DMA ability");
dev->chnconf0[channel].dma_access_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Start transmitting for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_start(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
// update other configuration registers before start transmitting
dev->chnconf0[channel].conf_update_chn = 1;
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_start_chn = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Stop transmitting for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_stop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_stop_chn = 1;
// stop won't take place until configurations updated
dev->chnconf0[channel].conf_update_chn = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Set memory block number for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param block_num memory block number
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t block_num)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_size_chn = block_num;
}
/**
* @brief Enable TX wrap
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_wrap(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_tx_wrap_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable transmitting in a loop
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_conti_mode_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param count TX loop count
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t count)
{
HAL_ASSERT(count <= RMT_LL_MAX_LOOP_COUNT_PER_BATCH && "loop count out of range");
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_loop_num_chn = count;
}
/**
* @brief Reset loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_count_reset_chn = 1;
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_count_reset_chn = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable loop count for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop_count(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_loop_cnt_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable loop stop at count value automatically
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop_autostop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].loop_stop_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable transmit multiple channels synchronously
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_sync(rmt_dev_t *dev, bool enable)
{
dev->tx_sim.tx_sim_en = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Clear the TX channels synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_clear_sync_group(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
dev->tx_sim.val &= ~(0x0F);
}
/**
* @brief Add TX channels to the synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels to be added to the synchronous group
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_sync_group_add_channels(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->tx_sim.val |= (channel_mask & 0x0F);
}
/**
* @brief Remove TX channels from the synchronous group
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of TX channels to be removed from the synchronous group
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_sync_group_remove_channels(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->tx_sim.val &= ~channel_mask;
}
/**
* @brief Fix the output level when TX channel is in IDLE state
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param level IDLE level (1 => high, 0 => low)
* @param enable True to fix the IDLE level, otherwise the IDLE level is determined by EOF encoder
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_fix_idle_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_en_chn = enable;
dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_lv_chn = level;
}
/**
* @brief Set the amount of RMT symbols that can trigger the limitation interrupt
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param limit Specify the number of symbols
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t limit)
{
dev->chn_tx_lim[channel].tx_lim_chn = limit;
}
/**
* @brief Set high and low duration of carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param high_ticks Duration of high level
* @param low_ticks Duration of low level
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_carrier_high_low_ticks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t high_ticks, uint32_t low_ticks)
{
HAL_ASSERT(high_ticks >= 1 && high_ticks <= 65536 && low_ticks >= 1 && low_ticks <= 65536 && "out of range high/low ticks");
// ticks=0 means 65536 in hardware
if (high_ticks >= 65536) {
high_ticks = 0;
}
if (low_ticks >= 65536) {
low_ticks = 0;
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chncarrier_duty[channel], carrier_high_chn, high_ticks);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chncarrier_duty[channel], carrier_low_chn, low_ticks);
}
/**
* @brief Enable modulating carrier signal to TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_carrier_modulation(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_en_chn = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set on high or low to modulate the carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param level Which level to modulate on (0=>low level, 1=>high level)
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_carrier_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_out_lv_chn = level;
}
/**
* @brief Enable to always output carrier signal, regardless of a valid data transmission
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param enable True to output carrier signal in all RMT state, False to only output carrier signal for effective data
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_carrier_always_on(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chnconf0[channel].carrier_eff_en_chn = !enable;
}
////////////////////////////////////////RX Channel Specific/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Reset clock divider for RX channels by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel_mask Mask of RX channels
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_reset_channels_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel_mask)
{
dev->ref_cnt_rst.val |= ((channel_mask & 0x0F) << 4);
}
/**
* @brief Set RX channel clock divider
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param div Division value
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t div)
{
HAL_ASSERT(div >= 1 && div <= 256 && "divider out of range");
// limit the maximum divider to 256
if (div >= 256) {
div = 0; // 0 means 256 division
}
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf0, div_cnt_chm, div);
}
/**
* @brief Reset RMT writing pointer for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_reset_pointer(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_wr_rst_chm = 1;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_wr_rst_chm = 0;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.apb_mem_rst_chm = 1;
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.apb_mem_rst_chm = 0;
}
/**
* @brief Enable DMA access for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_dma(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
HAL_ASSERT(channel == 3 && "only RX channel 3 has DMA ability");
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.dma_access_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Enable receiving for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.rx_en_chm = enable;
// rx won't be enabled until configurations updated
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.conf_update_chm = 1;
}
/**
* @brief Set memory block number for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param block_num memory block number
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t block_num)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.mem_size_chm = block_num;
}
/**
* @brief Set the time length for RX channel before going into IDLE state
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param thres Time length threshold
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_idle_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t thres)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.idle_thres_chm = thres;
}
/**
* @brief Set RMT memory owner for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param owner Memory owner
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_mem_owner(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, rmt_ll_mem_owner_t owner)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_owner_chm = owner;
}
/**
* @brief Enable filter for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX chanenl number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_filter(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.rx_filter_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set RX channel filter threshold (i.e. the maximum width of one pulse signal that would be treated as a noise)
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param thres Filter threshold
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_filter_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t thres)
{
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf1, rx_filter_thres_chm, thres);
}
/**
* @brief Get RMT memory write cursor offset
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return writer offset
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_memory_writer_offset(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmstatus[channel].mem_waddr_ex_chm - (channel + 4) * 48;
}
/**
* @brief Set the amount of RMT symbols that can trigger the limitation interrupt
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param limit Specify the number of symbols
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t limit)
{
dev->chm_rx_lim[channel].rx_lim_chm = limit;
}
/**
* @brief Set high and low duration of carrier signal
*
* @param dev dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @param high_ticks Duration of high level
* @param low_ticks Duration of low level
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_carrier_high_low_ticks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t high_ticks, uint32_t low_ticks)
{
HAL_ASSERT(high_ticks >= 1 && high_ticks <= 65536 && low_ticks >= 1 && low_ticks <= 65536 && "out of range high/low ticks");
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chm_rx_carrier_rm[channel], carrier_high_thres_chm, high_ticks - 1);
HAL_FORCE_MODIFY_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chm_rx_carrier_rm[channel], carrier_low_thres_chm, low_ticks - 1);
}
/**
* @brief Enable demodulating the carrier on RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_carrier_demodulation(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.carrier_en_chm = enable;
}
/**
* @brief Set on high or low to demodulate the carrier signal
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param level Which level to demodulate (0=>low level, 1=>high level)
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_set_carrier_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint8_t level)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.carrier_out_lv_chm = level;
}
/**
* @brief Enable RX wrap
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
static inline void rmt_ll_rx_enable_wrap(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
{
dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_rx_wrap_en_chm = enable;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////Interrupt Specific////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @brief Enable RMT interrupt for specific event mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param mask Event mask
* @param enable True to enable, False to disable
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_enable_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t mask, bool enable)
{
if (enable) {
dev->int_ena.val |= mask;
} else {
dev->int_ena.val &= ~mask;
}
}
/**
* @brief Clear RMT interrupt status by mask
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param mask Interrupt status mask
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline void rmt_ll_clear_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t mask)
{
dev->int_clr.val = mask;
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status register address
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @return Register address
*/
static inline volatile void *rmt_ll_get_interrupt_status_reg(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return &dev->int_st;
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @return Interrupt status
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_st.val & RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel);
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt raw status for TX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT TX channel number
* @return Interrupt raw status
*/
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_interrupt_status_raw(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_raw.val & (RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_MASK(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_TX_ERROR(channel));
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt raw status for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return Interrupt raw status
*/
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_interrupt_status_raw(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_raw.val & (RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel) | RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_ERROR(channel));
}
/**
* @brief Get interrupt status for RX channel
*
* @param dev Peripheral instance address
* @param channel RMT RX channel number
* @return Interrupt status
*/
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->int_st.val & RMT_LL_EVENT_RX_MASK(channel);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////Deprecated Functions//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////The following functions are only used by the legacy driver/////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////They might be removed in the next major release (ESP-IDF 6.0)//////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_status_word(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnstatus[channel].val;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_status_word(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmstatus[channel].val;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
uint32_t div = HAL_FORCE_READ_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chnconf0[channel], div_cnt_chn);
return div == 0 ? 256 : div;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_channel_clock_div(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
uint32_t div = HAL_FORCE_READ_U32_REG_FIELD(dev->chmconf[channel].conf0, div_cnt_chm);
return div == 0 ? 256 : div;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_idle_thres(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.idle_thres_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].mem_size_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_mem_blocks(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf0.mem_size_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline bool rmt_ll_tx_is_loop_enabled(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].tx_conti_mode_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline rmt_clock_source_t rmt_ll_get_group_clock_src(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
rmt_clock_source_t clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_APB;
switch (dev->sys_conf.sclk_sel) {
case 1:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_APB;
break;
case 2:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_RC_FAST;
break;
case 3:
clk_src = RMT_CLK_SRC_XTAL;
break;
}
return clk_src;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline bool rmt_ll_tx_is_idle_enabled(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_en_chn;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_idle_level(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chnconf0[channel].idle_out_lv_chn;
}
static inline bool rmt_ll_is_mem_force_powered_down(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return dev->sys_conf.mem_force_pd;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_mem_owner(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chmconf[channel].conf1.mem_owner_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_rx_get_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
{
return dev->chm_rx_lim[channel].rx_lim_chm;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_end_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return dev->int_st.val & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_end_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 16) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_err_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 4) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_err_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 20) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_thres_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 8) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_rx_thres_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 24) & 0x0F;
}
__attribute__((always_inline))
static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_loop_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
{
return (dev->int_st.val >> 12) & 0x0F;
}
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
``` |
Training Air Wing ONE (TW-1 or TRAWING 1) is a United States Navy aircraft training air wing based aboard Naval Air Station Meridian, located 11 miles northeast of Meridian, Mississippi in Lauderdale County and Kemper County. TW-1 is one of five training air wings in the Naval Air Training Command, and consists of two jet training squadrons. The wing trains Student Naval Aviators from the U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, and international allies. Following completion of primary flight training and selection of an advanced training pipeline, Student Naval Aviators are assigned to TW-1 for either intermediate and advanced strike pipeline training or advanced E-2/C-2 training in the T-45C Goshawk jet training aircraft.
TW-1 produces approximately 50% of the U.S. Navy's tailhook pilots, with the other 50% produced at Training Air Wing Two stationed at NAS Kingsville in Kingsville, Texas. Following the completion of training with TW-1, Student Naval Aviators are designated Naval Aviators and presented with their "Wings of Gold."
Mission
Today, TW-1's mission is to train future U.S. Navy and Marine Student Naval Aviators, along with aviators of allies of the United States. Navy and Marine students are selected from top performing students who have completed primary flight training in the T-6B at either Naval Air Station Whiting Field or Naval Air Station Corpus Christi.
After joining TW-1, students are trained in the T-45C over a 12 month long syllabus consisting of over 130 flights in the aircraft, accumulating over 160 hours. The training syllabus culminates with carrier qualifications (CarQuals). Upon completion of the training syllabus, Student Naval Aviators assigned to TW-1 are designated as Naval Aviators and earn their "Wings of Gold" and receive follow-on assignments with Fleet Replacement Squadrons before their first fleet tour.
The instructor pilot cadre at Training Air Wing ONE is composed of men and women from almost every Navy and Marine Corps aviation community as well as several international military exchange pilots, bringing an enormous array of fleet experience to the training command. Training Air Wing ONE is also tasked with training international military aviators from countries including France, Italy, and Spain.
History
Training Air Wing One (TW-1) was commissioned on August 2, 1971, as the first Training Air Wing to incorporate the single-site training concept. Until that time, jet aviation students received only the basic flight syllabus at NAS Meridian prior to being transferred to bases in Texas for advanced flight training. At the same time Training Squadron Nineteen (VT-19) was established.
October 1971 saw the arrival of the TA-4J, two-seat trainer based on the A-4 "Skyhawk. In October 1998, VT-19 was re-designated VT-9. In July 1994, Training Squadron Twenty-Three (VT-23) moved from Kingsville, Texas, to NAS Meridian. 1st Lt. Karen Fuller Tribbett received her Wings of Gold on October 17, 1997, becoming the first female strike pilot in the U.S. Marine Corps.
The TA-4J "Skyhawk" was retired in 1999. In December of that year, VT-7 assumed the advanced training mission using the T-45C "Goshawk." At that time, VT-23 was disestablished. In July 2004, the last T-2C "Buckeye" left NAS Meridian marking the end of Navy strike pilot training in that aircraft.
Training Squadron Seven (VT-7) converted to an advanced training squadron and the initiation of air-to-air combat gunnery and carrier qualification instruction in Training Squadron Nine (VT-9), student naval aviators (SNA's) were able to complete the entire jet-training syllabus while stationed at NAS Meridian.
The mission of Training Air Wing One is to provide newly designated aviators to the fleet for further training in operational combat aircraft and is conveyed in the wing motto, "Readiness for Victory at Sea Through Training."
Subordinate units
TW-1 consists of two jet intermediate and advanced training squadrons.
Current force
Fixed-wing aircraft
T-45C Goshawk
Strike Flight Curriculum
The T-45 Strike Flight Curriculum consists of 21 stages split between an Intermediate phase and Advanced phase. During these 21 stages students will fly approximately 160 hours in the T-45C Goshawk of which nearly 40 hours are solo. Student naval aviators or SNAs will also fly approximately 96 hours in aircraft simulators before they complete the syllabus.
First the students complete their Ground School and sims, which lasts between 1 and 1.5 months" (This covers aerodynamics, meteorology, engineering, navigation and emergency procedures). This is followed up by some back-seat rides in the T-45 to cover the instruments. "Phase 1 then sees them start doing cross-country flights, Fams (familiarisation flights-aerobatics, approaches, stalls, emergency landings) and Field Carrier Landing Practice".
During this stage the students are qualified to fly solo in the T-45C in all weather conditions, day and night, they learn to fly in two and four plane formation flights, and they learn how to land the T-45C the same way they will on an Aircraft Carrier.
Field Carrier Landing Practice (FCLP) is the final Intermediate Jet part of the course and this is where the students really begin to ready themselves to be tail-hookers. FCLP is designed to prepare the students for landing on an aircraft carrier and sees them perform 'touch and goes' on a simulated flight deck painted on the runway, observed by a Landing Signals Officer (LSO) who critiques and grades their performance. A Fresnel Lens Optical Landing System (known as the Meatball, or ball) on the runway verge, as fitted to all aircraft carriers and is used to assist the pilot in completing a successful trap on the flight deck. Most of this phase of training takes place at Naval Outlying Field Joe Williams, approximately 25 miles northwest of Naval Air Station Meridian.
The next phase is tactical flying, this covers Air combat manoeuvring (ACM), air to surface attacks with inert ordnance and two-ship low-level formation flights. The final phase of training is Carrier Qualification (CarQual). Pilots must complete ten daytime 'traps' (arrested landings), with four touch & goes aboard an aircraft carrier at sea. On successful completion of the course, Student Naval Aviators assigned to TW-1 are designated as Naval Aviators and earn their "Wings of Gold".
References
External links
Official site
Air wings of the United States Navy |
The Annie Award for Production Design in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production is an Annie Award given annually to the best production design in animated television or broadcasting productions. Prior to the creation of the category in 1997, television productions competed alongside feature films in the Best Individual Achievement for Artistic Excellence in the Field of Animation award, presented in 1994, later renamed Best Individual Achievement for Production Design in the Field of Animation to for 1995 and 1996.
Winners and nominees
1990s
Best Individual Achievement for Artistic Excellence in the Field of Animation
Best Individual Achievement for Production Design in the Field of Animation
Best Individual Achievement: Production Design in a Television Production
2000s
2010s
2020s
References
External links
Annie Awards: Legacy
Annie Awards
Annie |
```c++
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
// from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
// OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// This file was generated by NvParameterized/scripts/GenParameterized.pl
#include "BufferU8x1.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace NvParameterized;
namespace nvidia
{
namespace apex
{
using namespace BufferU8x1NS;
const char* const BufferU8x1Factory::vptr =
NvParameterized::getVptr<BufferU8x1, BufferU8x1::ClassAlignment>();
const uint32_t NumParamDefs = 3;
static NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDefTable; // now allocated in buildTree [NumParamDefs];
static const size_t ParamLookupChildrenTable[] =
{
1, 2,
};
#define TENUM(type) nvidia::##type
#define CHILDREN(index) &ParamLookupChildrenTable[index]
static const NvParameterized::ParamLookupNode ParamLookupTable[NumParamDefs] =
{
{ TYPE_STRUCT, false, 0, CHILDREN(0), 1 },
{ TYPE_ARRAY, true, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->data), CHILDREN(1), 1 }, // data
{ TYPE_U8, false, 1 * sizeof(uint8_t), NULL, 0 }, // data[]
};
bool BufferU8x1::mBuiltFlag = false;
NvParameterized::MutexType BufferU8x1::mBuiltFlagMutex;
BufferU8x1::BufferU8x1(NvParameterized::Traits* traits, void* buf, int32_t* refCount) :
NvParameters(traits, buf, refCount)
{
//mParameterizedTraits->registerFactory(className(), &BufferU8x1FactoryInst);
if (!buf) //Do not init data if it is inplace-deserialized
{
initDynamicArrays();
initStrings();
initReferences();
initDefaults();
}
}
BufferU8x1::~BufferU8x1()
{
freeStrings();
freeReferences();
freeDynamicArrays();
}
void BufferU8x1::destroy()
{
// We cache these fields here to avoid overwrite in destructor
bool doDeallocateSelf = mDoDeallocateSelf;
NvParameterized::Traits* traits = mParameterizedTraits;
int32_t* refCount = mRefCount;
void* buf = mBuffer;
this->~BufferU8x1();
NvParameters::destroy(this, traits, doDeallocateSelf, refCount, buf);
}
const NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* BufferU8x1::getParameterDefinitionTree(void)
{
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
buildTree();
}
}
return(&ParamDefTable[0]);
}
const NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* BufferU8x1::getParameterDefinitionTree(void) const
{
BufferU8x1* tmpParam = const_cast<BufferU8x1*>(this);
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
tmpParam->buildTree();
}
}
return(&ParamDefTable[0]);
}
NvParameterized::ErrorType BufferU8x1::getParameterHandle(const char* long_name, Handle& handle) const
{
ErrorType Ret = NvParameters::getParameterHandle(long_name, handle);
if (Ret != ERROR_NONE)
{
return(Ret);
}
size_t offset;
void* ptr;
getVarPtr(handle, ptr, offset);
if (ptr == NULL)
{
return(ERROR_INDEX_OUT_OF_RANGE);
}
return(ERROR_NONE);
}
NvParameterized::ErrorType BufferU8x1::getParameterHandle(const char* long_name, Handle& handle)
{
ErrorType Ret = NvParameters::getParameterHandle(long_name, handle);
if (Ret != ERROR_NONE)
{
return(Ret);
}
size_t offset;
void* ptr;
getVarPtr(handle, ptr, offset);
if (ptr == NULL)
{
return(ERROR_INDEX_OUT_OF_RANGE);
}
return(ERROR_NONE);
}
void BufferU8x1::getVarPtr(const Handle& handle, void*& ptr, size_t& offset) const
{
ptr = getVarPtrHelper(&ParamLookupTable[0], const_cast<BufferU8x1::ParametersStruct*>(¶meters()), handle, offset);
}
/* Dynamic Handle Indices */
void BufferU8x1::freeParameterDefinitionTable(NvParameterized::Traits* traits)
{
if (!traits)
{
return;
}
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
return;
}
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
return;
}
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumParamDefs; ++i)
{
ParamDefTable[i].~DefinitionImpl();
}
traits->free(ParamDefTable);
mBuiltFlag = false;
}
#define PDEF_PTR(index) (&ParamDefTable[index])
void BufferU8x1::buildTree(void)
{
uint32_t allocSize = sizeof(NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl) * NumParamDefs;
ParamDefTable = (NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl*)(mParameterizedTraits->alloc(allocSize));
memset(ParamDefTable, 0, allocSize);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumParamDefs; ++i)
{
NV_PARAM_PLACEMENT_NEW(ParamDefTable + i, NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl)(*mParameterizedTraits);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=0, longName=""
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[0];
ParamDef->init("", TYPE_STRUCT, "STRUCT", true);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=1, longName="data"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[1];
ParamDef->init("data", TYPE_ARRAY, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "Container for BYTE1 formats", true);
ParamDefTable[1].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
ParamDef->setArraySize(-1);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=2, longName="data[]"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[2];
ParamDef->init("data", TYPE_U8, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "Container for BYTE1 formats", true);
ParamDefTable[2].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// SetChildren for: nodeIndex=0, longName=""
{
static Definition* Children[1];
Children[0] = PDEF_PTR(1);
ParamDefTable[0].setChildren(Children, 1);
}
// SetChildren for: nodeIndex=1, longName="data"
{
static Definition* Children[1];
Children[0] = PDEF_PTR(2);
ParamDefTable[1].setChildren(Children, 1);
}
mBuiltFlag = true;
}
void BufferU8x1::initStrings(void)
{
}
void BufferU8x1::initDynamicArrays(void)
{
data.buf = NULL;
data.isAllocated = true;
data.elementSize = sizeof(uint8_t);
data.arraySizes[0] = 0;
}
void BufferU8x1::initDefaults(void)
{
freeStrings();
freeReferences();
freeDynamicArrays();
initDynamicArrays();
initStrings();
initReferences();
}
void BufferU8x1::initReferences(void)
{
}
void BufferU8x1::freeDynamicArrays(void)
{
if (data.isAllocated && data.buf)
{
mParameterizedTraits->free(data.buf);
}
}
void BufferU8x1::freeStrings(void)
{
}
void BufferU8x1::freeReferences(void)
{
}
} // namespace apex
} // namespace nvidia
``` |
```javascript
/** Used as the `TypeError` message for "Functions" methods. */
var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';
/* Native method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
var nativeIsFinite = global.isFinite;
/**
* The opposite of `_.before`; this method creates a function that invokes
* `func` once it's called `n` or more times.
*
* @static
* @memberOf _
* @category Function
* @param {number} n The number of calls before `func` is invoked.
* @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
* @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
* @example
*
* var saves = ['profile', 'settings'];
*
* var done = _.after(saves.length, function() {
* console.log('done saving!');
* });
*
* _.forEach(saves, function(type) {
* asyncSave({ 'type': type, 'complete': done });
* });
* // => logs 'done saving!' after the two async saves have completed
*/
function after(n, func) {
if (typeof func != 'function') {
if (typeof n == 'function') {
var temp = n;
n = func;
func = temp;
} else {
throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
}
}
n = nativeIsFinite(n = +n) ? n : 0;
return function() {
if (--n < 1) {
return func.apply(this, arguments);
}
};
}
module.exports = after;
``` |
Danişment is a village in the Biga District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 510 (2021).
References
Villages in Biga District |
Finsch's pygmy parrot (Micropsitta finschii), also known as the emerald pygmy parrot
and green pygmy parrot, is a member of parrot family Psittacidae inhabiting tropical rainforest regions of islands in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and the Bismarck Archipelago.
The common name and scientific name commemorate the German ethnographer, naturalist, and colonial explorer Friedrich Hermann Otto Finsch (8 August 1839 - 31 January 1917, Braunschweig).
Description
Finsch's pygmy parrot is characterized by a green head and neck (which is unique among species of the genus Micropsitta). The typical length of a green pygmy parrot is with an average weight of . Male and female individuals can be identified by slight differences in coloration. For example, in one subspecies, males possess a blue patch around the lower section of the beak, whereas the female's patch is pink. The five recognized subspecies each inhabit a different range within the overall distribution of the species and each has different characteristics between genders.
Taxonomy
Finsch's pygmy parrot is a member of the genus Micropsitta (pygmy parrots). Genus Micropsitta is included in the subfamily Psittacinae (true parrots and allies) of the family Psittacidae (true parrots). The species, Micropsitta finschii, is further divided into five subspecies
M. f. aolae is found in Guadalcanal, Malaita, Florida (island, not state), and Russell (central Solomon Islands). Adults have a darker green upper body and have a blue patch on the crown.
M. f. finschii is found in Ugi, San Cristobal, and Rennell (southern Solomon Islands). Males have blue around the lower mandible (beak) and an orange patch in the center of the abdomen. Females lack the orange patch, and have pink feathers around the lower mandible.
M. f. nanina is found in Santa Isabel, Bugotu, and Choiseul (northern Solomon Islands), as well as in Bougainville Island. Adults have a blue patch on the crown.
M. f. tristrami is found in Vella Lavella, Gizo, Kolombangara, New Georgia, Rubiana, and Rendova (in the western Solomon Islands). Adults have no blue patches or orange abdominal patches.
M. f. viridifrons is found in Lihir and Tabar, New Hanover, New Ireland, and in the Bismarck Archipelago (in eastern Papua New Guinea). Adults have a large blue patch on the crown, as well as blue around the sides of the face.
Habitat
The parrots are found in tropical rainforests (up to an elevation of ). The birds are most often observed in the forest interior and in river edge vegetation. They are arboreal and have been observed nesting in old arboreal ant/termite mounds. The birds construct a tunnel into the mound, which is used also as a roost. The birds are described as being abundant in their habitats.
Behaviour
Diet
The birds find food by climbing tree bark vertically or by climbing along the bottom of branches while hanging upside-down. While foraging and feeding, the tail feathers are used as a prop against the tree surface. The parrot feeds on fungi and lichens found on the tree bark, as well as the seeds of the casuarina tree in which it is commonly found. Some birds apparently associate with slow-moving mixed bird flocks.
Vocalizations
The song of Finsch's pygmy parrot is a series of repeated whistles. Each whistle consists of a “tweet-tweet” sound, where the second “tweet” is prolonged and is higher in pitch. Other sounds produced include shrill squawking and chattering.
Reproduction
Finsch's pygmy parrots are often found in pairs or small groups (three to six individuals). The groups often include socially monogamous (for up to a year) mating pairs. The breeding season is from March to May, and a typical clutch has one or two eggs. Both parents provide care for the altricial offspring, and parent-offspring interactions are often prolonged. Information on specific incubation times and chick-rearing times is unavailable, as captive individuals have a low survival rate.
References
External links
Vocalizations of the Finsch's pygmy parrot
Finsch's pygmy parrot
Birds of New Ireland Province
Birds of the Solomon Islands
Finsch's pygmy parrot
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
The Margera family:
Bam Margera - Skateboarder and star of CKY, Jackass, and Viva La Bam.
Phil Margera - Bam's father and a baker by profession
April Margera - Bam's mother
Jess Margera - Bam's brother and drummer of the band CKY
Vincent "Don Vito" Margera - Bam's uncle
American families |
```c
#include <3ds.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "process_monitor.h"
#include "exheader_info_heap.h"
#include "termination.h"
#include "reslimit.h"
#include "manager.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "luma_shared_config.h"
static void cleanupProcess(ProcessData *process)
{
if (process->flags & PROCESSFLAG_DEPENDENCIES_LOADED) {
ExHeader_Info *exheaderInfo = ExHeaderInfoHeap_New();
if (exheaderInfo == NULL) {
panic(0);
}
listAndTerminateDependencies(process, exheaderInfo);
ExHeaderInfoHeap_Delete(exheaderInfo);
}
if (!(process->flags & PROCESSFLAG_KIP)) {
SRVPM_UnregisterProcess(process->pid);
FSREG_Unregister(process->pid);
LOADER_UnregisterProgram(process->programHandle);
}
ProcessList_Lock(&g_manager.processList);
if (g_manager.runningApplicationData != NULL && process->handle == g_manager.runningApplicationData->handle) {
if (IS_N3DS && OS_KernelConfig->app_memtype == 6) {
assertSuccess(resetAppMemLimit());
}
g_manager.runningApplicationData = NULL;
// We need to do this here to ensure that the ExHeader at init matches the ExHeader
// at termination at all times, otherwise the process refcounts of sysmodules
// get all messed up.
Luma_SharedConfig->hbldr_3dsx_tid = Luma_SharedConfig->selected_hbldr_3dsx_tid;
}
if (g_manager.debugData != NULL && process->handle == g_manager.debugData->handle) {
g_manager.debugData = NULL;
}
ProcessList_Unlock(&g_manager.processList);
if (process->flags & PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION) {
notifySubscribers(0x110 + process->terminatedNotificationVariation);
}
}
void processMonitor(void *p)
{
(void)p;
Handle handles[0x41] = { g_manager.newProcessEvent };
for (;;) {
u32 numProcesses = 0;
bool atLeastOneTerminating = false;
ProcessData *process;
ProcessData processBackup;
s32 id = -1;
ProcessList_Lock(&g_manager.processList);
FOREACH_PROCESS(&g_manager.processList, process) {
// Rebuild the handle array
if (process->terminationStatus != TERMSTATUS_TERMINATED) {
handles[1 + numProcesses++] = process->handle;
if (process->terminationStatus == TERMSTATUS_NOTIFICATION_SENT) {
atLeastOneTerminating = true;
}
}
}
ProcessList_Unlock(&g_manager.processList);
// If no more processes are terminating, signal the event
if (g_manager.waitingForTermination && !atLeastOneTerminating) {
assertSuccess(svcSignalEvent(g_manager.allNotifiedTerminationEvent));
}
// Note: lack of assertSuccess is intentional.
svcWaitSynchronizationN(&id, handles, 1 + numProcesses, false, -1LL);
if (id > 0) {
// Note: official PM conditionally erases the process from the list, cleans up, then conditionally frees the process data
// Bug in official PM (?): it unlocks the list before setting termstatus = TERMSTATUS_TERMINATED
ProcessList_Lock(&g_manager.processList);
process = ProcessList_FindProcessByHandle(&g_manager.processList, handles[id]);
if (process != NULL) {
process->terminationStatus = TERMSTATUS_TERMINATED;
if (process->flags & PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION) {
process->flags |= PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION_TERMINATED;
}
processBackup = *process; // <-- make sure no list access is done through this node
// Note: PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION_TERMINATED can be set by terminateProcessImpl
// APT is shit, why must an app call APT to ask to terminate itself?
if (!(process->flags & PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION_TERMINATED)) {
ProcessList_Delete(&g_manager.processList, process);
}
}
ProcessList_Unlock(&g_manager.processList);
if (process != NULL) {
cleanupProcess(&processBackup);
if (!(processBackup.flags & PROCESSFLAG_NOTIFY_TERMINATION_TERMINATED)) {
svcCloseHandle(processBackup.handle);
}
}
}
}
}
``` |
"Heatwave" is a single from British grime artist Wiley, featuring vocals from Ms D – known for singing on the Chipmunk song "Oopsy Daisy". It was released as the lead single from his ninth studio album The Ascent on 27 July 2012 for digital download in the United Kingdom. It was written by Wiley, Dayo Olatunji and produced by Rymez, who is unofficially credited as a featured artist. "Heatwave" received major radio airplay, while managing to enter on BBC Radio 1's A-list. The song debuted at number 1 on the UK Singles Chart on 5 August 2012, selling over 114,000 copies, while becoming Wiley's first ever solo number 1.
Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Heatwave" was first released onto YouTube on 29 June 2012 at a total length of three minutes and twenty-one seconds.
Critical reception
Lewis Corner of Digital Spy gave the song a neutral review, calling it "a suitably cool summer jam, but if Wiley really wants to make an impact like his peers, he's going to have to dial the temperature up just a little bit higher yet. ."
Chart performance
"Heatwave" was number 1 on the Wednesday and Friday UK midweek chart. As predicted, the song entered the UK Singles Chart on 5 August 2012 at number 1, spending two weeks there (holding off "We'll Be Coming Back" by Calvin Harris and Example). "Heatwave" sold over 114,000 copies in its first week of release and became Wiley's first ever solo number 1 single. In the second week of release, Wiley remained at number 1, selling another 66,000. The song has sold 416,000 copies in the UK as of December 2012, and was the 38th best-selling single of 2012.
Track listings
Credits and personnel
Vocals – Wiley and Ms D
Producer – Rymez
Lyrics – Richard Cowie
Label: Warner Music Group
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
References
2012 singles
Wiley (musician) songs
Dyo (singer) songs
Number-one singles in Scotland
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
2012 songs
Songs written by Wiley (musician) |
The 2011 FIBA Africa Championship for Women (alternatively the FIBA African Championship) was the 20th FIBA Africa Championship for Women, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body, and the African zone thereof. At stake was the berth allocated to Africa in the 2012 Summer Olympics basketball tournament. The tournament was held from September 23–October 2 in Mali.
Squads
Format
The 12 teams were divided into two groups (Groups A+B) for the preliminary round.
Round robin for the preliminary round; the top four teams advanced to the quarterfinals.
From there on a knockout system was used until the final.
Draw
The draw was held on 26 June 2011 in Bamako, Mali.
Preliminary round
Group A
{{Basketballbox|bg=#eee|date=|place=Stade 26 mars, Bamako|time=18:00|report=Boxscore
|teamA= |scoreA=57
|teamB= |scoreB=70
|Q1=14-25 |Q2=12-11 |Q3=10-16 |Q4=21-18
|points1=Makiese |rebounds1= three players 4 |assist1=Tebapale 5
|points2=Sissoko |rebounds2=Coulibaly |assist2= Traore, Gandega 4
|attendance =
|referee =
}}
Group B
Knockout stage
Championship bracket
Quarterfinals
Semifinals
Bronze medal game
Final
5–8th place bracket
Semifinals
Seventh place game
Fifth place game
9–12th place bracket
Semifinals
Eleventh place game
Ninth place game
Final standingsAngola rosterÂngela Cardoso, Astrida Vicente, Catarina Camufal, Cristina Matiquite, Felizarda Jorge, Fineza Eusébio, Luísa Tomás, Luzia Simão, Nacissela Maurício, Nadir Manuel, Ngiendula Filipe, Sónia Guadalupe, Coach: Aníbal Moreira
Senegal and Nigeria renounced the right to compete in the World Olympic Qualifying Tournament for Women.In these circumstances, FIBA has chosen Mozambique, the best team in the African Championship after Senegal and Nigeria.
Awards
All-Tournament Team
Aya Traore
Nacissela Maurício
Mame Diodio Diouf
Djenebou Sissoko
Sónia Guadalupe
Statistical Leaders
Individual Tournament HighsPointsReboundsAssistsStealsBlocksMinutesIndividual Game Highs
Team Tournament HighsPoints per GameTotal PointsReboundsAssistsStealsBlocks2-point field goal percentage3-point field goal percentageFree throw percentage'''
Team Game highs
See also
2011 FIBA Africa Women's Clubs Champions Cup
References
External links
Official Website
2011
FIBA Africa Championship for Women
FIBA Africa Championship for Women
International women's basketball competitions hosted by Mali
2011 in women's basketball |
Gylfi Zoega (born February 14, 1963) is an Icelandic economist who has gained prominence as an academic and active contributor to the economic policy debate in Iceland, especially during the Icelandic financial crisis of 2008–2010. He appears in the film Inside Job which uses the Icelandic financial crisis as a lead-in to its focus, the 2008 economic crisis in the United States and its origins.
Education
Zoega received the Ph.D. degree in economics from Columbia University, New York, New York, USA in 1993 and the M.Phil. in 1991. Earlier he received the M.A. degree from the same university in 1989 and a B.A. degree in Economics and Business Administration from the University of Iceland in Reykjavík in 1987. Zoega specialises in macroeconomics and labour economics and has written numerous articles on the subject, including several co-authored with Nobel laureate Edmund Phelps.
Career
Currently, a professor in Economics at Birkbeck College in London, Zoega is a member of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Central Bank of Iceland. Zoega has also taught at the University of Iceland and Columbia University.
Public debate
Zoega has offered an assessment of the monetary policy during the upswing and reforms going forward. In addition to numerous basic reforms, a main conclusion is that the Central Bank should be granted macroprudential instruments to support the goal of price stability.
References
External links
Birkbeck College website
Central Bank of Iceland's website
1963 births
Living people
Icelandic economists
20th-century economists
21st-century economists |
```smalltalk
namespace Unosquare.FFME.Platform
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
/// <summary>
/// Represents a proxy for the properties exposed by the gicen type.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type that this proxy represents.</typeparam>
internal sealed class ClassProxy<T>
where T : class
{
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClassProxy{T}"/> class.
/// </summary>
public ClassProxy()
: this((p) => true)
{
// placeholder
}
/// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClassProxy{T}"/> class.</summary>
/// <param name="matchClause">The match clause.</param>
public ClassProxy(Func<PropertyInfo, bool> matchClause)
{
var properties = RetrieveProperties().OrderBy(p => p.Name).ToArray();
var proxies = new Dictionary<string, IPropertyProxy>(properties.Length, StringComparer.Ordinal);
foreach (var property in properties)
{
if (!matchClause(property))
continue;
var proxy = CreatePropertyProxy(property);
proxies[property.Name] = proxy;
}
Properties = proxies;
PropertyNames = Properties.Keys.ToArray();
ReadOnlyPropertyNames = Properties
.Where(kvp => kvp.Value.CanRead && !kvp.Value.CanWrite)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key).OrderBy(s => s).ToArray();
ReadWritePropertyNames = Properties
.Where(kvp => kvp.Value.CanRead && kvp.Value.CanWrite)
.Select(kvp => kvp.Key).OrderBy(s => s).ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the property proxies for this class.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, IPropertyProxy> Properties { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the registered property names.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> PropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the read only property names.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> ReadOnlyPropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets the property names that are both, readable and writable.
/// </summary>
public IReadOnlyList<string> ReadWritePropertyNames { get; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the value of the specified property, with the specified instance.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The value to set.
/// </value>
/// <param name="instance">The instance.</param>
/// <param name="propertyName">Name of the property.</param>
/// <returns>The value of the property.</returns>
public object this[T instance, string propertyName]
{
get => Properties[propertyName].GetValue(instance);
set => Properties[propertyName].SetValue(instance, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the <see cref="IPropertyProxy"/> for the specified property name.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The <see cref="IPropertyProxy"/>.
/// </value>
/// <param name="propertyName">Name of the property.</param>
/// <returns>The property proxy.</returns>
public IPropertyProxy this[string propertyName] => Properties[propertyName];
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the property information for the properties of the specified type.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A collection of property information objects.</returns>
public static IReadOnlyList<PropertyInfo> RetrieveProperties()
{
var flags = BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public;
var declaredOnly = typeof(T).IsInterface;
if (declaredOnly) flags |= BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly;
var result = new List<PropertyInfo>(64);
var propertyInfos = typeof(T).GetProperties(flags).ToArray();
foreach (var propertyInfo in propertyInfos)
result.Add(propertyInfo);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates an instance of the property proxy without the need to specify type argument explicitly.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="propertyInfo">The property information.</param>
/// <returns>The property proxy containing metadata a nd getter and setter delegates.</returns>
private static IPropertyProxy CreatePropertyProxy(PropertyInfo propertyInfo)
{
var genericType = typeof(PropertyProxy<,>)
.MakeGenericType(propertyInfo.DeclaringType, propertyInfo.PropertyType);
return Activator.CreateInstance(genericType, propertyInfo) as IPropertyProxy;
}
}
}
``` |
Joseph Chambers (born January 19, 1936) is a Classical Pentecostal and has authored six books, co-authored 2 books, has written over 185 booklets, and made over 18 videos on various Christian related subjects, including a video series with an exposé on Benny Hinn, Kenneth Hagin, and The False Anointing. He was married to Juanita H. Chambers and has three children and six grandchildren.
Formerly an ordained minister of the Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee), Chambers served as a pastor in Tabor City, North Carolina between 1957–1958, Rockwell, North Carolina between 1958–1964 and Black Mountain, North Carolina between 1964–1968. Since 1968, he has been senior pastor of Paw Creek Ministries (formerly Paw Creek Church of God) in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Early life and childhood
Chambers was illiterate until age 16, at the time of his conversion to Christianity. Prior to this, his alcoholic father committed suicide.
Education
After receiving General Educational Development (GED), he studied through Montreat-Anderson College and was granted a non academic Doctorate of Divinity Degree<Wikipedia-Doctorate of Divinity> from [[Non-accredited Indiana Christian University]<Wikipedia>], and was granted a Doctorate of Sacred Literature from Bethany Theological Seminary.
Political history
He served on the National Republican Congressional Committee from 1982–1990, and has been on the Mecklenburg Republican Executive Committee since 1990 to this day.
Church history
In 1992, Chambers and his church withdrew from the Church of God over a conflict involving doctrinal issues about the Charismatic movement, a departure from the King James Bible and holiness. Subsequently, Paw Creek Ministries was sued by the Church of God in a long court battle, resulting in the seizure of their 20-acre, $3 million complex in northwest Charlotte. The church eventually moved to its own building a few miles away.
He is the Founder & President of Paw Creek Christian Academy (1974–Present), a Radio Host of One Hour Weekly Program, OPEN BIBLE DIALOGUE (1972–Present), the Founder & Chairman of Concerned Charlotteans (1983–Present), and the Co-Founder of Concerned Voice for Child Care (1985–Present).
He is the General Overseer of the Bible Holiness Ministerial Fellowship, which was organized in November 1998, and has ministers in the US and four foreign countries.
He is also member of The Pre Tribulation Research Centre, .
Website & Media Outreach
Chambers blogs on his website about current sociological issues. Through his email newsletters, he has stated opinions, based on well established Christian beliefs, that frequently differ from mainstream media figures such as Oprah Winfrey.
He reports spending over $100,000 a year on media outreach.
Published works
The challenge of the ministry, Pathway Press (Co-author)
Miracles, my Fathers delight, Pathway Press (Author)
Storming Toward Armageddon, New Leaf Press (Co-author)
A Palace for the Antichrist, New Leaf Press (Author)
Now! Rediscovering the Biblical Family
Now! Religious Mega Trends
Bread from the Master's Table
''Feast of Tabernacles'
References
1936 births
Montreat College alumni
Pentecostalism in North Carolina
Indiana Christian University alumni
American male writers
Living people
Religious leaders from North Carolina |
The Seattle Star was a free, neighborhood newspaper in Seattle, Washington, United States, covering the south and central sections of the city. Founded in 2002 as the South Seattle Star, it changed its name to the Seattle Star in 2004. It was published biweekly.
With the May 18–31, 2005, issue, the Star merged with the Seattle Sun to form the Seattle Sun and Star. It printed its last issue on July 1, 2005.
The Star was unusual for being a well-written neighborhood newspaper whose issues regularly featured investigative reporting.
References
Newspapers published in Seattle
Defunct newspapers published in Washington (state) |
"Still on Your Side" is a song by British pop rock band BBMak. It was released as the second single from their debut studio album, Sooner or Later (2000), in the US on 5 November 2000 and in the band's native UK on 14 May 2001. Having previously achieved success in the American market first with their single "Back Here",
"Still on Your Side" was BBMak's second top 10 hit in the UK. In the US, the song charted in the number 54 position on the Hot 100 chart, number 40 on the Adult Top 40 chart, and 14 on the Mainstream Top 40 chart.
Background
Stephen McNally said "Still on Your Side" sounds like an anthem song, adding, "It's a song we wrote in Los Angeles and it's already been a big hit for us in America. You could imagine it being played at the World Cup with thousands of football fans singing along to it".
The song is written by Bridget Benenate, Bob Thiele Jr., and Dillon O'Brian, in addition to the three members of BBMak.
Release
The single was originally planned to be released in the UK on 6 December 1999, but its commercial release was cancelled. A remixed version of the song was released in the U.S. on 5 November 2000. This remix was then released in the UK on 14 May 2001 and reached number 8 on the UK Singles Chart that same month.
Reception
Billboard wrote the song is “a joyful all-out anthem” and “has a lyric to connect with the masses, the hooks to again reel in BBMak’s younger fans, and the elegance and credible instrumentation to draw the attention of adults”. Writing retrospectively about the song, Can't Stop the Pop said Still on Your Side is a terrific follow-up that amply demonstrates BBMak's debut single was no fluke. The group was smartly pitched; they toured extensively with Britney Spears and *NSYNC, which neatly aligned them to the bubblegum pop demographic. However, they had a rockier sound and played their own instruments, which is precisely where that market was heading. Thus, Still on Your Side was so right for the time and perfectly brought together all of those elements. There was enough boyband appeal about BBMak to tap into that market, but their music was packaged in a way that could credibly appeal to mainstream and adult contemporary radio. Additionally, the song is said to be "a welcome opportunity to cut loose with some triumphant ad-libs ('Don’t you know that I’m still on your si-i-i-ide') and screeching electric guitar riffs".
Music videos
The first music video was filmed in the USA. It is set in a New York City street and opens with two Italian-American moving men trying to lift a wardrobe up to an apartment. The camera pans into one of the apartments where BBMak is performing the song. Throughout the video, each member of BBMak are able to save a woman from accidental injury. Christian pulls a woman out of the way of the falling wardrobe, Mark pulls a woman from the path of a stray baseball from a neighborhood kids' game, and Ste jumps in front of a woman before she can walk into incoming traffic. The video ends with people from the neighborhood singing along to the song.
The second music video is set in the UK, reflecting the band's roots. It was filmed in London and directed by Dani Jacobs. The video opens with a montage of shots of the House of Parliament, Regent Street, and a London Underground sign. A woman named Mia leaves a message on an answering machine, saying she wants to meet as soon as possible. The intended recipient of Mia's message is not shown, but each member of BBMak is shown receiving the message and believing it is meant for each of them, respectively. Each member gets in a Mini Cooper to drive to London and meet Mia in time. The three band members all reach their destination at the same time and have a laugh. This storyline is interspersed with footage of the band playing before a live audience inside a studio. The video had its world premiere on 20 November 2000 in an episode of MTV's Making the Video. It reached the number 4 spot on TRL that month.
Credits and personnel
Credits are adapted from the UK CD1 liner notes.
Locations
Recorded at Hollywood Studios (Hollywood, California)
Mixed at Royaltone Studios (California)
Artwork designed at Blade
BBMak
Christian Burns – writing
Mark Barry – writing
Stephen McNally – writing
Other personnel
Bridget Benenate – writing
Bob Thiele Jr. - writing
Dillon O'Brian – writing
Chris Lord-Alge – mixing
Mark Jolley – A&R direction
Charts
Weekly charts
References
1999 songs
2000 singles
BBMak songs
Hollywood Records singles
Songs written by Christian Burns
Telstar Records singles |
```smalltalk
using Microsoft.Bot.Builder.Integration.AspNet.Core;
using Microsoft.Bot.Connector.Authentication;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
namespace Microsoft.BotBuilderSamples
{
public class AdapterWithErrorHandler : CloudAdapter
{
public AdapterWithErrorHandler(BotFrameworkAuthentication auth, ILogger<IBotFrameworkHttpAdapter> logger)
: base(auth, logger)
{
OnTurnError = async (turnContext, exception) =>
{
// Log any leaked exception from the application.
// NOTE: In production environment, you should consider logging this to
// Azure Application Insights. Visit path_to_url to see how
// to add telemetry capture to your bot.
logger.LogError($"Exception caught : {exception.Message}");
// Send a catch-all apology to the user.
await turnContext.SendActivityAsync("Sorry, it looks like something went wrong.");
};
}
}
}
``` |
Grand Forks freight station is a former freight warehouse in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States, built for the Great Northern Railway in 1904, during the Second Dakota Boom.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1990 as the Great Northern Freight Warehouse and Depot, at which time it was being renovated into rental apartments.
See also
Northern Pacific Depot and Freight House, also NRHP-listed in Grand Forks
References
Great Northern Railway (U.S.)
Railway freight houses on the National Register of Historic Places
Railway buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in North Dakota
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1904
National Register of Historic Places in Grand Forks, North Dakota
1904 establishments in North Dakota |
Surround sound is a technique for enriching the fidelity and depth of sound reproduction by using multiple audio channels from speakers that surround the listener (surround channels). Its first application was in movie theaters. Prior to surround sound, theater sound systems commonly had three screen channels of sound that played from three loudspeakers (left, center, and right) located in front of the audience. Surround sound adds one or more channels from loudspeakers to the side or behind the listener that are able to create the sensation of sound coming from any horizontal direction (at ground level) around the listener.
The technique enhances the perception of sound spatialization by exploiting sound localization: a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. This is achieved by using multiple discrete audio channels routed to an array of loudspeakers. Surround sound typically has a listener location (sweet spot) where the audio effects work best and presents a fixed or forward perspective of the sound field to the listener at this location.
Surround sound formats vary in reproduction and recording methods, along with the number and positioning of additional channels. The most common surround sound specification, the ITU's 5.1 standard, calls for 6 speakers: Center (C), in front of the listener; Left (L) and Right (R), at angles of 60°; Left Surround (LS) and Right Surround (RS) at angles of 100–120°; and a subwoofer, whose position is not critical.
Fields of application
Though cinema and soundtracks represent the major uses of surround techniques, its scope of application is broader than that, as surround sound permits creation of an audio-environment for all sorts of purposes. Multichannel audio techniques may be used to reproduce contents as varied as music, speech, natural or synthetic sounds for cinema, television, broadcasting, or computers. In terms of music content for example, a live performance may use multichannel techniques in the context of an open-air concert, of a musical theatre performance or for broadcasting; for a film, specific techniques are adapted to movie theater or to home (e.g. home cinema systems). The narrative space is also a content that can be enhanced through multichannel techniques. This applies mainly to cinema narratives, for example the speech of the characters of a film, but may also be applied to plays performed in a theatre, to a conference, or to integrate voice-based comments in an archeological site or monument. For example, an exhibition may be enhanced with topical ambient sound of water, birds, train or machine noise. Topical natural sounds may also be used in educational applications. Other fields of application include video game consoles, personal computers and other platforms. In such applications, the content would typically be synthetic noise produced by the computer device in interaction with its user. Significant work has also been done using surround sound for enhanced situation awareness in military and public safety application.
Types of media and technologies
Commercial surround sound media include videocassettes, DVDs, and SDTV broadcasts encoded as compressed Dolby Digital and DTS, and lossless audio such as DTS HD Master Audio and Dolby TrueHD on HDTV Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD, which are identical to the studio master. Other commercial formats include the competing DVD-Audio (DVD-A) and Super Audio CD (SACD) formats, and MP3 Surround. Cinema 5.1 surround formats include Dolby Digital and DTS. Sony Dynamic Digital Sound (SDDS) is an 8 channel cinema configuration which features 5 independent audio channels across the front with two independent surround channels, and a Low-frequency effects channel. Traditional 7.1 surround speaker configuration introduces two additional rear speakers to the conventional 5.1 arrangement, for a total of four surround channels and three front channels, to create a more 360° sound field.
Most surround sound recordings are created by film production companies or video game producers; however some consumer camcorders have such capability either built-in or available separately. Surround sound technologies can also be used in music to enable new methods of artistic expression. After the failure of quadraphonic audio in the 1970s, multichannel music has slowly been reintroduced since 1999 with the help of SACD and DVD-Audio formats. Some AV receivers, stereophonic systems, and computer sound cards contain integral digital signal processors or digital audio processors to simulate surround sound from a stereophonic source (see fake stereo).
In 1967, the rock group Pink Floyd performed the first-ever surround sound concert at "Games for May", a lavish affair at London’s Queen Elizabeth Hall where the band debuted its custom-made quadraphonic speaker system. The control device they had made, the Azimuth Co-ordinator, is now displayed at London's Victoria and Albert Museum, as part of their Theatre Collections gallery.
History
The first documented use of surround sound was in 1940, for the Disney studio's animated film Fantasia. Walt Disney was inspired by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's operatic piece Flight of the Bumblebee to have a bumblebee featured in his musical Fantasia and also sound as if it was flying in all parts of the theatre. The initial multichannel audio application was called 'Fantasound', comprising three audio channels and speakers. The sound was diffused throughout the cinema, controlled by an engineer using some 54 loudspeakers. The surround sound was achieved using the sum and the difference of the phase of the sound. However, this experimental use of surround sound was excluded from the film in later showings. In 1952, "surround sound" successfully reappeared with the film "This is Cinerama", using discrete seven-channel sound, and the race to develop other surround sound methods took off.
In the 1950s, the German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen experimented with and produced ground-breaking electronic compositions such as Gesang der Jünglinge and Kontakte, the latter using fully discrete and rotating quadraphonic sounds generated with industrial electronic equipment in Herbert Eimert's studio at the Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR). Edgar Varese's Poème électronique, created for the Iannis Xenakis-designed Philips Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair, also used spatial audio with 425 loudspeakers used to move sound throughout the pavilion.
In 1957, working with artist Jordan Belson, Henry Jacobs produced Vortex: Experiments in Sound and Light - a series of concerts featuring new music, including some of Jacobs' own, and that of Karlheinz Stockhausen, and many others - taking place in the Morrison Planetarium in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. Sound designers commonly regard this as the origin of the (now standard) concept of "surround sound." The program was popular, and Jacobs and Belson were invited to reproduce it at the 1958 World Expo in Brussels.
There are also many other composers that created ground-breaking surround sound works in the same time period.
In 1978, a concept devised by Max Bell for Dolby Laboratories called "split surround" was tested with the movie Superman. This led to the 70mm stereo surround release of Apocalypse Now, which became one of the first formal releases in cinemas with three channels in the front and two in the rear. There were typically five speakers behind the screens of 70mm-capable cinemas, but only the Left, Center and Right were used full-frequency, while Center-Left and Center-Right were only used for bass-frequencies (as it is currently common). The Apocalypse Now encoder/decoder was designed by Michael Karagosian, also for Dolby Laboratories. The surround mix was produced by an Oscar-winning crew led by Walter Murch for American Zoetrope. The format was also deployed in 1982 with the stereo surround release of Blade Runner.
The 5.1 version of surround sound originated in 1987 at the famous French Cabaret Moulin Rouge. A French engineer, Dominique Bertrand used a mixing board specially designed in cooperation with Solid State Logic, based on 5000 series and including six channels. Respectively: A left, B right, C centre, D left rear, E right rear, F bass. The same engineer had already achieved a 3.1 system in 1974, for the International Summit of Francophone States in Dakar, Senegal.
Creating surround sound
Surround sound is created in several ways. The first and simplest method is using a surround sound recording technique—capturing two distinct stereo images, one for the front and one for the back or by using a dedicated setup, e.g., an augmented Decca tree—or mixing-in surround sound for playback on an audio system using speakers encircling the listener to play audio from different directions. A second approach is processing the audio with psychoacoustic sound localization methods to simulate a two-dimensional (2-D) sound field with headphones. A third approach, based on Huygens' principle, attempts reconstructing the recorded sound field wave fronts within the listening space; an "audio hologram" form. One form, wave field synthesis (WFS), produces a sound field with an even error field over the entire area. Commercial WFS systems, currently marketed by companies sonic emotion and Iosono, require many loudspeakers and significant computing power. The 4th approach is using three mics, one for front, one for side and one for rear, also called Double MS recording.
The Ambisonics form, also based on Huygens' principle, gives an exact sound reconstruction at the central point; however, it is less accurate away from the central point. There are many free and commercial software programs available for Ambisonics, which dominates most of the consumer market, especially musicians using electronic and computer music. Moreover, Ambisonics products are the standard in surround sound hardware sold by Meridian Audio. In its simplest form, Ambisonics consumes few resources, however this is not true for recent developments, such as Near Field Compensated Higher Order Ambisonics. Some years ago it was shown that, in the limit, WFS and Ambisonics converge.
Finally, surround sound can also be achieved by mastering level, from stereophonic sources as with Penteo, which uses digital signal processing analysis of a stereo recording to parse out individual sounds to component panorama positions, then positions them, accordingly, into a five-channel field. However, there are more ways to create surround sound out of stereo, for instance with the routines based on QS and SQ for encoding Quad sound, where instruments were divided over 4 speakers in the studio. This way of creating surround with software routines is normally referred to as "upmixing", which was particularly successful on the Sansui QSD-series decoders that had a mode where it mapped the L ↔ R stereo onto an ∩ arc.
Standard configurations
There are many alternative setups available for a surround sound experience, with a 3-2 (3 front, 2 back speakers and a Low Frequency Effects channel) configuration (more commonly referred to as 5.1 surround) being the standard for most surround sound applications, including cinema, television and consumer applications. This is a compromise between the ideal image creation of a room and that of practicality and compatibility with two-channel stereo. Because most surround sound mixes are produced for 5.1 surround (6 channels), larger setups require matrixes or processors to feed the additional speakers.
The standard surround setup consists of three front speakers LCR (left, center and right), two surround speakers LS and RS (left and right surround respectively) and a subwoofer for the Low Frequency Effects (LFE) channel, that is low-pass filtered at 120 Hz. The angles between the speakers have been standardized by the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) recommendation 775 and AES (Audio Engineering Society) as follows: 60 degrees between the L and R channels (allows for two-channel stereo compatibility) with the center speaker directly in front of the listener. The Surround channels are placed 100–120 degrees from the center channel, with the subwoofer's positioning not being critical due to the low directional factor of frequencies below 120 Hz. The ITU standard also allows for additional surround speakers, that need to be distributed evenly between 60 and 150 degrees.
Surround mixes of more or fewer channels are acceptable, if they are compatible, as described by the ITU-R BS. 775-1, with 5.1 surround. The 3-1 channel setup (consisting of one monophonic surround channel) is such a case, where both LS and RS are fed by the monophonic signal at an attenuated level of -3 dB.
The function of the center channel is to anchor the signal so that any central panned images do not shift when a listener is moving or is sitting away from the sweet spot. The center channel also prevents any timbral modifications from occurring, which is typical for 2-channel stereo, due to phase differences at the two ears of a listener. The centre channel is especially used in films and television, with dialogue primarily feeding the center channel. The function of the center channel can either be of a monophonic nature (as with dialogue) or it can be used in combination with the left and right channels for true three-channel stereo. Motion Pictures tend to use the center channel for monophonic purposes with stereo being reserved purely for the left and right channels. Surround microphones techniques have however been developed that fully use the potential of three-channel stereo.
In 5.1 surround, phantom images between the front speakers are quite accurate, with images towards the back and especially to the sides being unstable. The localisation of a virtual source, based on level differences between two loudspeakers to the side of a listener, shows great inconsistency across the standardised 5.1 setup, also being largely affected by movement away from the reference position. 5.1 surround is therefore limited in its ability to convey 3D sound, making the surround channels more appropriate for ambience or effects.)
7.1 channel surround is another setup, most commonly used in large cinemas, that is compatible with 5.1 surround, though it is not stated in the ITU-standards. 7.1 channel surround adds two additional channels, center-left (CL) and center-right (CR) to the 5.1 surround setup, with the speakers situated 15 degrees off centre from the listener. This convention is used to cover an increased angle between the front loudspeakers as a product of a larger screen.
Surround microphone techniques
Most 2-channel stereophonic microphone techniques are compatible with a 3-channel setup (LCR), as many of these techniques already contain a center microphone or microphone pair. Microphone techniques for LCR should, however, try to obtain greater channel separation to prevent conflicting phantom images between L/C and L/R for example. Specialised techniques have therefore been developed for 3-channel stereo. Surround microphone techniques largely depend on the setup used, therefore being biased towards the 5.1 surround setup, as this is the standard.
Surround recording techniques can be differentiated into those that use single arrays of microphones placed in close proximity, and those treating front and rear channels with separate arrays. Close arrays present more accurate phantom images, whereas separate treatment of rear channels is usually used for ambience. For accurate depiction of an acoustic environment, such as a halls, side reflections are essential. Appropriate microphone techniques should therefore be used, if room impression is important. Although the reproduction of side images are very unstable in the 5.1 surround setup, room impressions can still be accurately presented.
Some microphone techniques used for coverage of three front channels, include double-stereo techniques, INA-3 (Ideal Cardioid Arrangement), the Decca Tree setup and the OCT (Optimum Cardioid Triangle). Surround techniques are largely based on 3-channel techniques with additional microphones used for the surround channels. A distinguishing factor for the pickup of the front channels in surround is that less reverberation should be picked up, as the surround microphones will be responsible for the pickup of reverberation. Cardioid, hypercardioid, or supercardioid polar patterns will therefore often replace omnidirectional polar patterns for surround recordings. To compensate for the lost low-end of directional (pressure gradient) microphones, additional omnidirectional (pressure microphones), exhibiting an extended low-end response, can be added. The microphone's output is usually low-pass filtered.
A simple surround microphone configuration involves the use of a front array in combination with two backward-facing omnidirectional room microphones placed about 10–15 meters away from the front array. If echoes are notable, the front array can be delayed appropriately. Alternatively, backward facing cardioid microphones can be placed closer to the front array for a similar reverberation pickup.
The INA-5 (Ideal Cardioid Arrangement) is a surround microphone array that uses five cardioid microphones resembling the angles of the standardised surround loudspeaker configuration defined by the ITU Rec. 775. Dimensions between the front three microphone as well as the polar patterns of the microphones can be changed for different pickup angles and ambient response. This technique therefore allows for great flexibility.
A well established microphone array is the Fukada Tree, which is a modified variant of the Decca Tree stereo technique. The array consists of five spaced cardioid microphones, three front microphones resembling a Decca Tree and two surround microphones. Two additional omnidirectional outriggers can be added to enlarge the perceived size of the orchestra or to better integrate the front and surround channels. The L, R, LS and RS microphones should be placed in a square formation, with L/R and LS/RS angled at 45 degrees and 135 degrees from the center microphone respectively. Spacing between these microphones should be about 1.8 meters. This square formation is responsible for the room impressions. The center channel is placed a meter in front of the L and R channels, producing a strong center image. The surround microphones are usually placed at the critical distance (where the direct and reverberant field is equal), with the full array usually situated several meters above and behind the conductor.
The NHK (Japanese broadcasting company) developed an alternative technique also involving five cardioid microphones. Here a baffle is used for separation between the front left and right channels, which are 30 cm apart. Outrigger omnidirectional microphones, low-pass filtered at 250 Hz, are spaced 3 meters apart in line with the L and R cardioids. These compensate for the bass roll-off of the cardioid microphones and also add expansiveness. A 3-meter spaced microphone pair, situated 2–3 meters behind front array, is used for the surround channels. The centre channel is again placed slightly forward, with the L/R and LS/RS again angled at 45 and 135 degrees respectively.
The OCT-Surround (Optimum Cardioid Triangle-Surround) microphone array is an augmented technique of the stereo OCT technique using the same front array with added surround microphones. The front array is designed for minimum crosstalk, with the front left and right microphones having supercardioid polar patterns and angled at 90 degrees relative to the center microphone. It is important that high quality small diaphragm microphones are used for the L and R channels to reduce off-axis coloration. Equalization can also be used to flatten the response of the supercardioid microphones to signals coming in at up to about 30 degrees from the front of the array. The center channel is placed slightly forward. The surround microphones are backwards facing cardioid microphones, that are placed 40 cm back from the L and R microphones. The L, R, LS and RS microphones pick up early reflections from both the sides and the back of an acoustic venue, therefore giving significant room impressions. Spacing between the L and R microphones can be varied to obtain the required stereo width.
Specialized microphone arrays have been developed for recording purely the ambience of a space. These arrays are used in combination with suitable front arrays, or can be added to above mentioned surround techniques. The Hamasaki square (also proposed by NHK) is a well established microphone array used for the pickup of hall ambience. Four figure-eight microphones are arranged in a square, ideally placed far away and high up in the hall. Spacing between the microphones should be between 1–3 meters. The microphones nulls (zero pickup point) are set to face the main sound source with positive polarities outward facing, therefore very effectively minimizing the direct sound pickup as well as echoes from the back of the hall The back two microphones are mixed to the surround channels, with the front two channels being mixed in combination with the front array into L and R.
Another ambient technique is the IRT (Institut für Rundfunktechnik) cross. Here, four cardioid microphones, 90 degrees relative to one another, are placed in square formation, separated by 21–25 cm. The front two microphones should be positioned 45 degrees off axis from the sound source. This technique therefore resembles back to back near-coincident stereo pairs. The microphones outputs are fed to the L, R and LS, RS channels. The disadvantage of this approach is that direct sound pickup is quite significant.
Many recordings do not require pickup of side reflections. For Live Pop music concerts a more appropriate array for the pickup of ambience is the cardioid trapezium. All four cardioid microphones are backward facing and angled at 60 degrees from one another, therefore similar to a semi-circle. This is effective for the pickup of audience and ambience.
All the above-mentioned microphone arrays take up considerable space, making them quite ineffective for field recordings. In this respect, the double MS (Mid Side) technique is quite advantageous. This array uses back to back cardioid microphones, one facing forward, the other backwards, combined with either one or two figure-eight microphone. Different channels are obtained by sum and difference of the figure-eight and cardioid patterns. When using only one figure-eight microphone, the double MS technique is extremely compact and therefore also perfectly compatible with monophonic playback. This technique also allows for postproduction changes of the pickup angle.
Bass management
Surround replay systems may make use of bass management, the fundamental principle of which is that bass content in the incoming signal, irrespective of channel, should be directed only to loudspeakers capable of handling it, whether the latter are the main system loudspeakers or one or more special low-frequency speakers called subwoofers.
There is a notation difference before and after the bass management system. Before the bass management system there is a Low Frequency Effects (LFE) channel. After the bass management system there is a subwoofer signal. A common misunderstanding is the belief that the LFE channel is the "subwoofer channel". The bass management system may direct bass to one or more subwoofers (if present) from any channel, not just from the LFE channel. Also, if there is no subwoofer speaker present then the bass management system can direct the LFE channel to one or more of the main speakers.
Low frequency effects channel
Because the low-frequency effects (LFE) channel requires only a fraction of the bandwidth of the other audio channels, it is referred to as the .1 channel; for example 5.1 or 7.1.
The LFE channel is a source of some confusion in surround sound. It was originally developed to carry extremely low sub-bass cinematic sound effects (e.g., the loud rumble of thunder or explosions) on their own channel. This allowed theaters to control the volume of these effects to suit the particular cinema's acoustic environment and sound reproduction system. Independent control of the sub-bass effects also reduced the problem of intermodulation distortion in analog movie sound reproduction.
In the original movie theater implementation, the LFE was a separate channel fed to one or more subwoofers. Home replay systems, however, may not have a separate subwoofer, so modern home surround decoders and systems often include a bass management system that allows bass on any channel (main or LFE) to be fed only to the loudspeakers that can handle low-frequency signals. The salient point here is that the LFE channel is not the subwoofer channel; there may be no subwoofer and, if there is, it may be handling a good deal more than effects.
Some record labels such as Telarc and Chesky have argued that LFE channels are not needed in a modern digital multichannel entertainment system. They argue that, given loudspeakers that have low frequency response to 30Hz, all available channels have a full-frequency range and, as such, there is no need for an LFE in surround music production, because all the frequencies are available in all the main channels. These labels sometimes use the LFE channel to carry a height channel. The label BIS Records generally uses a 5.0 channel mix.
Channel notation
Channel notation indicates the number of discrete channels encoded in the audio signal, not necessarily the number of channels reproduced for playback. The number of playback channels can be increased by using matrix decoding. The number of playback channels may also differ from the number of speakers used to reproduce them if one or more channels drives a group of speakers. Notation represents the number of channels, not the number of speakers.
The first digit in "5.1" is the number of full range channels. The ".1" reflects the limited frequency range of the LFE channel.
For example, two stereo speakers with no LFE channel = 2.0
5 full-range channels + 1 LFE channel = 5.1
An alternative notation shows the number of full-range channels in front of the listener, separated by a slash from the number of full-range channels beside or behind the listener, with a decimal point marking the number of limited-range LFE channels.
E.g. 3 front channels + 2 side channels + an LFE channel = 3/2.1
The notation can be expanded to include Matrix Decoders. Dolby Digital EX, for example, has a sixth full-range channel incorporated into the two rear channels with a matrix. This is expressed:
3 front channels + 2 rear channels + 3 channels reproduced in the rear in total + 1 LFE channel = 3/2:3.1
The term stereo, although popularised in reference to two channel audio, historically also referred to surround sound, as it strictly means "solid" (three-dimensional) sound. However this is no longer common usage and "stereo sound" almost exclusively means two channels, left and right.
Channel identification
In accordance with ANSI/CEA-863-A
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+ANSI/CEA-863-A identification for surround sound channels
! colspan=3 | Zero-based channel index
! rowspan=2 | Channel name
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Color-coding on commercialreceiver and cabling
|-
! MP3/WAV/FLAC
! DTS/AAC
! Vorbis/Opus
|-
|0
|1
|0
|Front left
|style="background:white"| ||White
|-
|1
|2
|2
|Front right
|style="background:red"| ||Red
|-
|2
|0
|1
|Center
|style="background:green"| ||Green
|-
|3
|5
|7
|Subwoofer
|style="background:purple"| ||Purple
|-
|4
|3
|3
|Side left
|style="background:blue"| ||Blue
|-
|5
|4
|4
|Side right
|style="background:gray"| ||Grey
|-
|6
|6
|5
|Rear left
|style="background:brown"| ||Brown
|-
|7
|7
|6
|Rear right
|style="background:khaki"| ||Khaki
|}
{|class="wikitable"
|+Diagram
|style="background:white;color:black"|Front left
|style="background:green;color:white"|Center
|style="background:red;text-align:right;color:white"|Front right
|-
|style="background:blue;color:white"|Side left
|style="text-align:center;font-size:200%;" rowspan="2"|
|style="background:gray;text-align:right;color:black"|Side right
|-
|style="background:brown;color:white"|Rear left
|style="background:khaki;text-align:right;color:black"|Rear right
|-
|style="background:purple;text-align:center;color:white" colspan="3"|Subwoofer
|}
{|class="wikitable"
|+Height channels
!Index
!Channel name
!colspan=2|Color-coding on commercialreceiver and cabling
|-
|8
|Left height 1
|style="background:yellow"| ||Yellow
|-
|9
|Right height 1
|style="background:orange"| ||Orange
|-
|10
|Left height 2
|style="background:pink"| ||Pink
|-
|11
|Right height 2
|style="background:magenta"| ||Magenta
|}
Sonic Whole Overhead Sound
In 2002, Dolby premiered a master of We Were Soldiers which featured a Sonic Whole Overhead Sound soundtrack. This mix included a new ceiling-mounted height channel.
Ambisonics
Ambisonics is a recording and playback technique using multichannel mixing that can be used live or in the studio and which recreates the soundfield as it existed in the space, in contrast to traditional surround systems, which can only create illusion of the soundfield if the listener is located in a very narrow sweetspot between speakers. Any number of speakers in any physical arrangement can be used to recreate a sound field. With 6 or more speakers arranged around a listener, a 3-dimensional ("periphonic", or full-sphere) sound field can be presented. Ambisonics was invented by Michael Gerzon.
Binaural recording
Binaural recording is a method of recording sound that uses two microphones, arranged with the intent to create the 3-D stereo experience of being present in the room with the performers or instruments. The idea of a three dimensional or "internal" form of sound has developed into technology for stethoscopes creating "in-head" acoustics and IMAX movies creating a three dimensional acoustic experience.
Panor-Ambiophonic (PanAmbio) 4.0/4.1
PanAmbio combines a stereo dipole and crosstalk cancellation in front and a second set behind the listener (total of four speakers) for 360° 2D surround reproduction. Four channel recordings, especially those containing binaural cues, create speaker-binaural surround sound. 5.1 channel recordings, including movie DVDs, are compatible by mixing C-channel content to the front speaker pair. 6.1 can be played by mixing SC to the back pair.
Standard speaker channels
Several speaker configurations are commonly used for consumer equipment. The order and identifiers are those specified for the channel mask in the standard uncompressed WAV file format (which contains a raw multichannel PCM stream) and are used according to the same specification for most PC connectible digital sound hardware and PC operating systems capable of handling multiple channels. While it is possible to build any speaker configuration, there is little commercial movie or music content for alternative speaker configurations. However, source channels can be remixed for the speaker channels using a matrix table specifying how much of each content channel is played through each speaker channel.
Most channel configuration may include a low frequency effects (LFE) channel (the channel played through the subwoofer.) This makes the configuration ".1" instead of ".0". Most modern multichannel mixes contain one LFE, some use two.
7.1 surround sound
7.1 surround sound is a popular format in theaters & Home cinema including Blu-rays with Dolby and DTS being major players.
7.1.2/7.1.4 immersive sound
7.1.2 and 7.1.4 immersive sound along with 5.1.2 and 5.1.4 format adds either 2 or 4 overhead speakers to enable sound objects and special effect sounds to be panned overhead for the listener. Introduced for theatrical film releases in 2012 by Dolby Laboratories under the trademark name Dolby Atmos.
Dolby Atmos (and other Microsoft Spatial Sound engines; see in ) additionally support a virtual "8.1.4.4" configuration, to be rendered by a HRTF. The configuration adds to 7.1.4 with a center speaker behind the listener and 4 speakers below.
10.2 surround sound
10.2 is the surround sound format developed by THX creator Tomlinson Holman of TMH Labs and University of Southern California (schools of Cinema/Television and Engineering). Developed along with Chris Kyriakakis of the USC Viterbi School of Engineering, 10.2 refers to the format's promotional slogan: "Twice as good as 5.1". Advocates of 10.2 argue that it is the audio equivalent of IMAX.
11.1 surround sound
11.1 sound is supported by BARCO with installations in theaters worldwide.
22.2 surround sound
22.2 is the surround sound component of Ultra High Definition Television, developed by NHK Science & Technical Research Laboratories. As its name suggests, it uses 24 speakers. These are arranged in three layers: A middle layer of ten speakers, an upper layer of nine speakers, and a lower layer of three speakers and two sub-woofers. The system was demonstrated at Expo 2005, Aichi, Japan, the NAB Shows 2006 and 2009, Las Vegas, and the IBC trade shows 2006 and 2008, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
See also
3D audio effect
Binaural recording
Dolby Surround
Duophonic
Four-channel Compact Disc Digital Audio
Holophonics
MPEG Surround
Precedence effect
Soundfield microphone
Virtual surround
Notes
References
External links
Consumer electronics
Film sound production
Home video
Virtual reality |
John Gordon Armstrong (29 March 1935 – 5 December 2018) was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.
Member of Parliament
He represented the electorate of New Plymouth in Parliament from 1990 to 1993, when he was defeated by the previous Labour MP, Harry Duynhoven.
He was one of six one-term National MPs who were elected in a swing against Labour in the 1990 election.
Born on 29 March 1935 in Wanganui, Armstrong was educated at Wanganui Collegiate School.
In the 2006 Queen's Birthday Honours, Armstrong was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order for community service. He died in New Plymouth on 5 December 2018.
References
1990 Parliamentary Candidates for the New Zealand National Party by John Stringer (New Zealand National Party, 1990)
1935 births
2018 deaths
New Zealand National Party MPs
Companions of the Queen's Service Order
New Zealand justices of the peace
People educated at New Plymouth Boys' High School
People educated at Whanganui Collegiate School
New Zealand businesspeople
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1993 New Zealand general election
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates |
```javascript
Navigating the browser history
Permission API
FileReader.readAsArrayBuffer()
Fetch API
MediaDevices.getUserMedia()
``` |
The history of immigration to Canada details the movement of people to modern-day Canada. The modern Canadian legal regime was founded in 1867, but Canada also has legal and cultural continuity with French and British colonies in North America that go back to the 17th century, and during the colonial era, immigration was a major political and economic issue with Britain and France competing to fill their colonies with loyal settlers. Until then, the land that now makes up Canada was inhabited by many distinct Indigenous peoples for thousands of years. Indigenous peoples contributed significantly to the culture and economy of the early European colonies to which was added several waves of European immigration. More recently, the source of migrants to Canada has shifted away from Europe and towards Asia and Africa. Canada's cultural identity has evolved constantly in tandem with changes in immigration patterns.
Statistics Canada has tabulated the effect of immigration on population growth in Canada from 1851 to 2001. On average, censuses are taken every ten years, which was how Canadian censuses were first incremented between 1871 and 1901. In 1901, the Dominion Government changed its policy so that census-taking occurred every five years subsequently to document the effects of the advertising campaign that was initiated by Clifford Sifton.
In 2018, Canada received 321,035 immigrants. The top ten countries of origin, which provided 61% of those, were India (69,973), the Philippines (35,046), China (29,709), Syria (12,046), the United States (10,907), Pakistan (9,488), France (6,175), Eritrea (5,689), and the United Kingdom and its overseas territories (5,663).
Statistics
History of Canadian nationality law
In 1828, during the Great Migration of Canada, Britain passed the Act to Regulate the Carrying of Passengers in Merchant Vessels, the country's first legislative recognition of its responsibility over the safety and well-being of immigrants leaving the British Isles. The act limited the number of passengers who could be carried on a ship, regulated the amount of space allocated to them and required for passengers to be supplied with adequate sustenance on the voyage. The 1828 act is now recognized as the foundation of British colonial emigration legislation.
Canadian citizenship was originally created under the Immigration Act, 1910, to designate those British subjects who were domiciled in Canada, but all other British subjects required permission to land. A separate status of 'Canadian national' was created under the Canadian Nationals Act, 1921, which defined such British subjects as being Canadian citizens, as well as their wives and children (fathered by such citizens) who had not yet landed in Canada. After the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, the monarchy thus ceased to be an exclusively British institution. As result, Canadians, just as all others living among the Commonwealth realms, were known as subjects of the Crown, and the term "British subject" continued to be used in legal documents.
Canada was the second nation among what was the British Commonwealth to establish its own nationality law in 1946, with the enactment of the Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946, taking effect on January 1, 1947. To acquire Canadian citizenship from then forward, one would generally have to be a British subject on or before the act took effect; an 'Indian' or 'Eskimo'; or to have been admitted to Canada as landed immigrants before the act took effect. A British subject then was anyone from the UK or its colonies (Commonwealth countries). Acquisition and loss of British subject status before 1947 were determined by United Kingdom law (see History of British nationality law).
On February 15, 1977, Canada removed restrictions on dual citizenship. Many of the provisions to acquire or lose Canadian citizenship that existed under the 1946 legislation were repealed. Canadian citizens are in general no longer subject to involuntary loss of citizenship barring revocation on the grounds of immigration fraud or criminality. The term "Canadians of convenience" was popularized by thé Canadian politician Garth Turner in 2006 in conjunction with the evacuation of Canadian citizens from Lebanon during the 2006 Israel–Lebanon conflict. It refers to people with multiple citizenship who immigrated to Canada, met the residency requirement to obtain citizenship, obtained Canadian citizenship, and moved back to their original home country while they maintained their Canadian citizenship, with those who support the term claiming they do so as a safety net.
Regional history
Atlantic Region
There are a number of reports of contact made before Columbus between the first peoples and those from other continents. The case of Viking contact is supported by the remains of a Viking settlement in L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, but there is no direct proof thaï it was where the Icelandic Norseman Leifur Eiríksson referred to as Vinland around the year 1000.
The presence of Basque cod fishermen and whalers just a few years after Columbus has also been cited, with at least nine fishing outposts having been established on Labrador and Newfoundland. The largest of the settlements was the Red Bay station, with an estimated 900 people. Basque whalers may have begun fishing the Grand Banks as early as the 15th century.
The next European explorer acknowledged as landing in what is now Canada was John Cabot, who landed somewhere on the coast of North America (probably Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island) in 1497 and claimed it for King Henry VII of England. Portuguese and Spanish explorers also visited Canada, but it was the French who first began to explore further inland and set up colonies, beginning with Jacques Cartier in 1534. Under Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons, the first French settlement was made in 1604 in the region of New France known as Acadie on Isle Sainte-Croix, which now belongs to Maine, in the Bay of Fundy. That winter was particularly long and harsh and about half of the settlers that had accompanied Sieur de Mons died of scurvy. The following year, the French decided to move to a better-sheltered area and established a new settlement at Port-Royal. on 1608, Samuel de Champlain, established a settlement at Donnacona thaï would later grow to become Quebec City. The French claimed Canada as their own, and 6,000 settlers arrived, settling along the St. Lawrence River and in the Maritimes. Britain also had a presence in Newfoundland and, with the advent of the settlements, claimed the south of Nova Scotia as well as the areas around the Hudson Bay.
The first contact with the Europeans was disastrous for the first peoples. Explorers and traders brought European diseases, such as smallpox, which killed off entire villages. Relations varied between the settlers and the Natives. The French befriended the Huron peoples and entered into a mutually-beneficial trading relationship with them. The Iroquois, however, became dedicated opponents of the French, and warfare between the two was unrelenting, especially since the British armed the Iroquois in an effort to weaken the French.
Quebec
After Samuel de Champlain's founding of Quebec City in 1608, it became the capital of New France. While the coastal communities were based upon the cod fishery, the economy of the interior revolved around beaver fur, which was popular in Europe. French voyageurs would travel into the hinterlands and trade with the natives. The voyageurs ranged throughout what is now Quebec, Ontario, and Manitoba and traded guns, gunpowder, textiles, and other European manufacturing goods with the natives for furs. The fur trade encouraged only a small population, however, as minimal labour was required. Encouraging settlement was always difficult, and some immigration occurred, but by 1760, New France had a population of only some 70,000.
New France had other problems besides low immigration. The French government had little interest or ability in supporting its colony, which was mostly left to its own devices. The economy was primitive, and much of the population was involved in little more than subsistence agriculture. The colonists also engaged in a long-running series of wars with the Iroquois.
Ontario
Étienne Brûlé explored Ontario from 1610 to 1612. In 1615, Samuel de Champlain visited Lake Huron, and French missionaries then established outposts in the region.
Prairie provinces
In the 18th to 19th century, the only immigration that Western Canada or Rupert's Land had was early French Canadian North West Company fur traders from eastern Canada and the Scots, English Adventurers, and Explorers representing the Hudson's Bay Company who arrived via Hudson Bay. Canada became a nation in 1867, Rupert's Land became absorbed into the North-West Territories. To encourage British Columbia to join the Canadian Confederation, a transcontinental railway was proposed. The railway companies felt it was not feasible to lay track over land on which there was no settlement. The fur trading era was declining; the buffalo population disappeared, and the nomadic buffalo hunters left, which presented a possibility to increase agricultural settlement. Agricultural possibilities were first expounded by Henry Youle Hind. The Dominion government, with the guidance of Interior Minister Clifford Sifton, in charge of immigration, (1896–1905) enacted Canada's homesteading act, the Dominion Lands Act, in 1872. An extensive advertising campaign throughout Western Europe and Scandinavia brought in a huge wave of immigrants to "The Last, Best West." (In 1763, Catherine the Great issued manifesto, inviting foreigners to settle into Russia, and in 1862, the United States enacted the Homestead Act, inviting immigration.)
Ethnic or religious groups seeking asylum or independence no longer travelled to Russia or the United States, where lands were taken or homestead acts were cancelled. The Red River Colony population of Manitoba allowed it to become a Canadian province in 1870. In the 1880s, fewer than 1,000 non-Aboriginal people resided out West. The government's immigration policy was a huge success since the North-West Territories grew to a population of 56,446 in 1881, almost doubled to 98,967 in 1891, and exponentially jumped to 211,649 by 1901. Ethnic Bloc Settlements dotted the prairies, as language groupings settled together on soil types of the Canadian western prairie similar to agricultural land of their homeland. That way immigration was successful; new settlements could grow because of common communication and learned agricultural methods. the Canadian Pacific Railway transcontinental railway was finished in 1885.
Immigration briefly ceased to the West during the North-West Rebellion of 1885. Various investors and companies were involved in the sale of railway (and some non-railway) lands. Sifton himself may have been involved as an investor in some of the ventures. The populations of Saskatchewan and Alberta were eligible for provincial status in 1905. Immigration continued to increase through to the roaring twenties. A mass exodus affected the prairies during the Dirty Thirties and the Great Depression, and the prairies have never again regained the impetus of the immigration wave seen in the early 20th century.
British Columbia
Until the railway, immigration to British Columbia was via sea, or (the gold rushes were under way) via overland travel from California and other parts of the US, as there was no usable route westward beyond the Rockies, and travel on the Prairies and across the Canadian Shield was still water-borne. The very small early non-native population of BC was mostly French-Canadian and Metis fur-company employees, their British (largely Scottish) administrators and bosses, and a population of Kanakas (Hawaiians) in the company's employ, as well as members of various Iroquoian peoples, who were also in the service of the fur company. The non-local native population of the British Pacific was from 150 to 300 until the advent of the Fraser Gold Rush in 1857, when Victoria'ss population swelled to 30,000 in four weeks and towns of 10,000, and more appeared at remote locations on the Mainland, at Yale, Port Douglas, and Lillooet (then called Cayoosh Flat). The wave of settlement was nearly entirely from California and was approximately one third Americans, one third Chinese, and one third various Europeans and others. Nearly all had been in California for many years, including the early Canadians and Maritimers who made the journey north to the new Gold Colony, as British Columbia was often called.
One group of about 60, called the Overlanders of '62, made the journey from Canada via Rupert's Land during the Cariboo Gold Rush but was the exception to the rule. An earlier attempt to move some of the settlers of the Selkirk Colony ended in disaster at Dalles des Morts, near present-day Revelstoke. Early immigration to British Columbia was from all nations, largely via California, and included Germans, Scandinavians, Maritimers, Australians, Poles, Italians, French, Belgians, and others, as well as Chinese and Americans, who were the largest groups to arrive in the years around the time of the founding of the Mainland Colony in 1858. Most of the early Americans left in the early 1860s because of the American Civil War and their pursuit of other gold rushes in Idaho, Colorado, and Nevada, but Americans have remained a major component in the settler population ever since. I n the 1860s, in conjunction with the Cariboo Gold Rush and agitation to join Canada, more and more Canadians, including the Overlanders, who became influential, arrived and became a force in the local polity, which had been dominated by Britons favouring separate rule, and they helped contribute towards the agenda for annexation with Canada. After the opening of the CPR, a new wave of immigration led not just to the creation of Vancouver and other newer urban settlements, but also to the settlement of numerous regions in the Interior, especially the Okanagan, Boundary, Shuswap, and Kootenays.
A similar wave of settlement and development accompanied the opening of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (today the Canadian National Railway) through the Central Interior, which was also the impetus for the creation of the city of Prince George and the port of Prince Rupert.
Head tax and Chinese Immigration Act of 1923
The first immigrants from China to Canada came from California to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush in British Columbia in 1858; immigrants directly from China did not arrive until 1859. The Chinese were a significant part of nearly all the British Columbia gold rushes, and most towns in BC had large Chinese populations, often a third of the total or more. Chinese labourers were hired to help with the construction of the Cariboo Wagon Road and Alexandra Bridge as well as the Douglas Road and other routes. Chinese miners, merchants, and ranchers enjoyed full rights to mineral tenure and land alienation and in some areas became the mainstay of the local economy for decades. The Chinese, for instance, owned 60% of the land in the Lillooet Land District in the 1870s and 1880s and held the majority of working claims on the Fraser River and in other areas. The next wave of immigrants from China were labourers brought in to help build the Canadian Pacific Railway, a transcontinental railway, but many defected to the goldfields of the Cariboo and other mining districts. In the year that the railway was completed, the Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 was enacted, and a head tax was levied to control the ongoing influx of labour although immigration continued as corporate interests in BC preferred to hire the cheaper labour that was made available to them by Chinese labour contractors. Chinese labour was brought in by the Dunsmuir coal interests and used to break the back of strikers at Cumberland in the Comox Valley, which then became one of British Columbia's largest Chinatowns, as white workers hsd residded there were displaced by armed force.
Indian immigration and Continuous Journey Regulation of 1908
The Canadian government's first attempt to restrict immigration from India was to pass an order-in-council on January 8, 1908, that prohibited immigration of persons who "in the opinion of the Minister of the Interior" did not "come from the country of their birth or citizenship by a continuous journey and or through tickets purchased before leaving their country of their birth or nationality." In practice, that applied only to ships that began their voyage in India, as the great distance usually necessitated a stopover in Japan or Hawaii. The regulations came at a time while Canada was accepting massive numbers of immigrants (over 400,000 in 1913 alone), almost all of whom came from Europe. Gurdit Singh was apparently aware of regulations when he chartered the Komagata Maru in January 1914, but he continued with his purported goal of challenging these exclusion laws in order to have a better life. The Komagata Maru, a Japanese steamship that sailed from Hong Kong to Shanghai, China; Yokohama, Japan; and then to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in 1914, carried 376 passengers from Punjab, India. The passengers were not allowed to land in Canada, and the ship was forced to return to India. The passengers consisted of 340 Sikhs, 24 Muslims, and 12 Hindus, all of whom were British subjects. That was one of several incidents in the early 20th century involving exclusion laws in Canada and the United States designed to keep out immigrants of Asian origin. Times have now changed, and India has become the largest source of immigrants for Canada. In 2019, India topped the list of immigrants admitted to Canada. Canada welcomed 85,590 Indian nationals, followed by 30,245 from China and 27,820 from the Philippines.
Early European settlements
German colonists and settlement
German colonists, like the Scandinavians, were among the earliest to arrive from California and established themselves beyond mining in areas such as ranching and construction and specialized trades. Until World War I, Vancouver was a major centre of German investment and social life, and German was commonly heard on the city's streets and bars. The Germans remained the largest non-British group in the province until they were eclipsed in that capacity by the Chinese in the 1980s.
Doukhobor settlement and communities
The Doukhobors were assisted in their immigration by Count Leo Tolstoy, who admired them for their collectivist lifestyle, beliefs, ardent pacifism, and freedom from materialism. Originally settled in Saskatchewan and resistant to the government's desire to send their children to public school and other matters, they migrated en masse to British Columbia to settle in the West Kootenay and Boundary regions.
Waves of migration
Great Migration
The Great Migration of Canada (also known as the Great Migration from Britain) was a period of high immigration to Canada from 1815 to 1850 involving over 800,000 immigrants chiefly from the British Isles. Unlike the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when organized immigration schemes brought in many of the new immigrants to Canada, this period of immigration was driver by demand, based on the need for infrastructure labour in the burgeoning colonies, the filling of new rural settlements, and the poor conditions in some source places such the Highland Clearances in Scotland and later the Great Famine of Ireland. Europe was overall becoming richer through the Industrial Revolution, but steep population growth made the relative number of jobs low, and overcrowded conditions forced many to look to North America for economic success.
Immigration to the West
Attempts to form permanent settlement colonies west of the Great Lakes were beset by difficulty and isolation until the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the second of the two Riel Rebellions. Despite the railway making the region more accessible, there were fears that a tide of settlers from the United States might overrun the British territory. In 1896, Interior Minister Clifford Sifton launched a program of settlement with offices and advertising in the United Kingdom and Continental Europe. That began a major wave of railway-based immigration, which created the farms, towns, and cities of the Prairie Provinces.
Third wave (1890–1920) and fourth wave (1940s–1960s)
The third wave of immigration to Canada came mostly from Continental Europe and peaked prior to World War I, between 1911 and 1913 (over 400,000 in 1912), many from Eastern or Southern Europe. The fourth wave came from Europe after the World War II and peaked at 282,000 in 1957. Many were from Italy and Portugal. Pier 21, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, was an influential port for European immigration and received 471,940 Italians between 1928 until it ceased operations in 1971. That made Italians the third largest ethnic group to immigrate to Canada during the time period. Together, they made Canada a more multiethnic country with substantial non-British or non-French European elements. For example, Ukrainian Canadians accounted for the largest Ukrainian population outside Ukraine and Russia. The Church of England took up the role of introducing British values to farmers newly arrived on the prairies, but in practice, the migrants mostly clung to their traditional religious affiliations.
Periods of low immigration have also occurred. International movement was very difficult during the world wars, and there was a lack of jobs during the Great Depression in Canada.
Canadianization was a high priority for new arrivals lacking a British cultural background. Immigrants from Britain were given highest priority. There was no special effort to attract francophone immigrants. In terms of economic opportunity, Canada was most attractive to farmers headed to the Prairies, who typically came from Eastern and Central Europe. Immigrants from Britain preferred urban life.
Fifth wave (1970s–present)
Immigration since the 1970s has overwhelmingly been of visible minorities from the developing world. That was largely influenced in 1976, when the Immigration Act was revised and has continued to be official government policy. During Brian Mulroney's government, immigration levels were increased. By the late 1980s, the fifth wave of immigration had been maintained with slight fluctuations since (225,000–275,000 annually). Currently, most immigrants come from South Asia, China, and the Caribbean, a trend that is expected to continue.
History of immigration legislations
The following is the chronology of Canadian immigration and citizenship laws.
Naturalization Act (May 22, 1868 - December 31, 1946). All Canadians born inside and outside Canada, were subject to the crown or "British Subjects".
Canadian Citizenship Act (January 1, 1947). This act legitimized and acknowledged Canadian citizenship.
Citizenship Act (February 15, 1977). This act recognized dual citizenship and abolished "special treatment" to the British subjects.
Bill C-14: An Act to amend the Citizenship Act with clauses for Adopted Children (December 23, 2007). An act which provided that adopted children will automatically acquire Canadian citizenship without going through the application for permanent resident stage.
Bill C-37: An Act to amend the Citizenship Act (April 17, 2009). An act intended to limit the citizenship privilege to first generation only and gave the opportunity to Canadian citizens to re-acquire their citizenship, hence, repealing provisions from former legislation.
Bill C-24: Strengthening the Canadian Citizenship Act (Royal Assent: June 19, 2014; Came into force: June 11, 2015). "The Act contains a range of legislative amendments to further improve the citizenship program."
Bill C-6: An Act to amend the Citizenship Act (Royal Assent: June 19, 2017; Came into force: October 11, 2017). This act will give "stateless" person an opportunity to be granted with Canadian citizenship which "statelessness" is considered as a legal ground for granting such privilege. This is only one of the many changes included in this new amendment of the Citizenship Act.
See also
Canada immigration statistics
Immigration to Canada
History of Chinese immigration to Canada
Population of Canada by year
1666 census of New France
Petworth Emigration Scheme
References
Statistics Canada – immigration from 1851 to 2001
Further reading
Palmer, Howard. "Canadian Immigration and Ethnic History in the 1970s and 1980s." International Migration Review 15.3 (1981): 471-501. doi.org/10.1177/019791838101500302
External links
Historical population and migration statistical data - Statistics Canada (Archived)
Multicultural Canada website
Census Canada, Library and Archives
Immigration Canada, Library and Archives
Vital Statistics: Births, Marriages and Deaths
Names of Emigrants (to Canada from Britain), From the 1845-1847 Records of James Allison, Emigrant Agent at Montreal
Human migration
Post-Confederation Canada (1867–1914) |
Schomberg Henry Kerr, 9th Marquess of Lothian, (2 December 1833 – 17 January 1900), styled Lord Schomberg Kerr until 1870, was a British diplomat and Conservative politician. He served as Secretary for Scotland under Lord Salisbury between 1887 and 1892. He was usually styled simply as Lothian.
Background and education
Lothian was the second son of John Kerr, 7th Marquess of Lothian, and Lady Cecil Kerr. His younger brothers Major-General Lord Ralph Kerr (1837–1916) and Admiral of the Fleet Lord Walter Kerr (1839–1927) both had distinguished military careers. He was educated at Trinity College Glenalmond, now Glenalmond College Perth, and was one of the first of 14 boys to join the newly started school in 1847. He later went to Eton College before attending New College, Oxford. He did not graduate.
Diplomatic and political career
Lothian entered the Diplomatic Service and was an attaché at Lisbon and Tehran in 1854, Baghdad in 1855 and Athens from 1857, then second secretary at Frankfurt from 1862, Madrid from 1865, and Vienna from 1865. In 1870, he succeeded to the marquessate on the death of his childless elder brother, William, and took his seat in the House of Lords.
In 1886, he was sworn of the Privy Council, and the following year he succeeded Arthur Balfour as Secretary for Scotland and Vice-President of the Scottish Education Department in Lord Salisbury's Conservative administration. However, in contrast to Balfour, he was not a member of the cabinet. He remained as head of the Scotland Office until the government fell in 1892.
Apart from his political career, Lord Lothian was Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland from 1874, a post he held until his death 26 years later, and was also Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland while Secretary for Scotland. In 1878, he was created a Knight of the Thistle, and in 1882 he received an honorary degree (LL.D.) from the University of Edinburgh. The students of the same university elected him Rector of the University of Edinburgh between 1887 and 1890. He was a Trustee of the Board of Manufactures in Scotland until his death.
He was Captain-General of the Royal Company of Archers, president of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland (1876-1890) and Royal Scottish Geographical Society (1894-1898), and a Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. From 1878 to 1889, he was Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the 3rd (Edinburgh Light Infantry Militia) Battalion, Royal Scots, (which had previously been commanded by his father and grandfather) and he later became Honorary Colonel of that battalion.
Family
Lord Lothian married, in 1865, Lady Victoria Alexandrina (d.1938), daughter of Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch. They had three sons and six daughters:
Lady Cecil Kerr (14 February 1866 – 13 September 1919) married John Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu de Beaulieu
Walter William Schomberg Kerr, Earl of Ancram (29 March 1867 – June 1892)
Lady Margaret Kerr (12 June 1868 – 2 September 1964)
Lord Schomberg Kerr (4 August 1869 – 1877)
Lady Mary Kerr (25 December 1870 – 31 December 1958), married Henry Kidd
Lady Helen Kerr (9 December 1872 – 4 June 1968), married in 1902 her relative Major Frederic Walter Kerr (1867–1914), son of Admiral Lord Frederic Kerr (1818–1896), who was the youngest son of William Kerr, 6th Marquess of Lothian
Robert Schomberg Henry Kerr, 10th marquess of Lothian – (1874 – 1930)
Lady Victoria Kerr (7 November 1876 – 23 May 1956) married William Sullivan Gosling
Lady Isobel Alice Adelaide Kerr (25 September 1881 – 26 December 1975) married James Cospatrick Hepburne-Scott
The eldest son Walter Kerr, Earl of Ancram (1867–1892) died in a shooting accident in Australia in June 1892, unmarried, while his second son Lord Schomberg Kerr (1869–1877) died in infancy.
Lord Lothian died at his town residence in London on 17 January 1900, aged 66, and was succeeded in the marquessate by his third and only surviving son, Robert.
The Marchioness of Lothian later remarried and died in June 1938, aged 93.
References
Torrance, David, The Scottish Secretaries (Birlinn 2006)
1833 births
1900 deaths
Alumni of New College, Oxford
Knights of the Thistle
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Secretaries for Scotland
Rectors of the University of Edinburgh
People educated at Glenalmond College
Members of the Royal Company of Archers
Royal Scots officers
Marquesses of Lothian
Schomberg
Presidents of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society
Fellows of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society
Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
People educated at Eton College |
Prince Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov (; ) was a Russian nobleman and field-marshal, renowned for his success in the Napoleonic Wars and most famous for his participation in the Caucasian War from 1844 to 1853.
Early life
Vorontsov was born on 30 May 1782, in Saint Petersburg in the Russian Empire. He was the only son of Ekaterina Alekseevna Seniavina and Count Semyon Vorontsov. Mikail and his sister, Catherine (who later became the wife of George Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke), spent their childhood and youth with his father in London, where his father was the Russian Ambassador to Great Britain.
He was the nephew of Imperial Chancellor Alexander Vorontsov, Elizaveta Vorontsova and Princess Dashkova, a friend of Catherine the Great and a conspirator in the coup d'état that deposed Tsar Peter III and put his wife on the throne.
Career
From 1803 to 1804, he served in the Caucasus under Pavel Tsitsianov and Gulyakov. From 1805 to 1807, he served in the Napoleonic Wars, and was present at the battles of Pułtusk and Friedland. From 1809 to 1811 he participated in the Russo-Turkish War.
He commanded the composite grenadiers division in Prince Petr Bagration's Second Western Army during Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812. At the Battle of Borodino, his division was in the front line and was attacked by three French divisions under Marshal Davout. Of the 4,000 men in his division, only 300 survived the battle. Vorontsov was wounded but recovered to rejoin the army in 1813. He commanded a new grenadiers division and fought at the Battle of Dennewitz and the Battle of Leipzig. He was the commander of the corps of occupation in France from 1815 to 1818.
On 7 May 1823 he was appointed governor-general of New Russia, as the southern provinces of the empire were then called, and namestnik of Bessarabia.
In the year of the start of the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829, Vorontsov succeeded the wounded Menshikov as commander of the forces besieging Varna, which he captured on 28 September 1828. It was through his energetic efforts that the plague, which had broken out in the Ottoman Empire, did not penetrate into Russia.
In 1844, Vorontsov was appointed commander-in-chief and viceroy of the Caucasus (for military details see Murid War). At the Battle of Dargo (1845), he was nearly defeated and barely fought his way out of the Chechen forest.
By 1848 he had captured two-thirds of Dagestan, and the situation of the Russians in the Caucasus, so long almost desperate, was steadily improving. For his campaign against Shamil, and for his difficult march through the dangerous forests of Ichkeria, he was raised to the dignity of prince, with the title of Serene Highness. In the beginning of 1853, Vorontsov was allowed to retire because of his increasing infirmities. He was made a field-marshal in 1856, and died the same year at Odessa. His archives were published, in 40 volumes, by Pyotr Bartenev between 1870 and 1897.
Personal life
Vorontsov was married to Polish Countess Elżbieta "Elisabeth" Branicka, a daughter of Count Franciszek Ksawery Branicki and Aleksandra von Engelhardt (a member of the powerful Engelhardt family). Her brother was Count Władysław Grzegorz Branicki who married Countess Róża Potocka (daughter of Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki). His wife reportedly had a liaison with Alexander Pushkin during her stay in Odessa, which resulted in some of the finest poems in the Russian language. Together, Mikhail and Elisabeth were the parents of:
Prince Semyon Mikhailovich Vorontsov (1823–1882), who began construction of Massandra Palace upon his return from the Russo-Turkish War but died before completion; he married, against his parents' wishes, Madame Stolypina, née Princess Trubetskay, in Alupka in 1851.
Princess Sofya Mikhailovna Vorontsova (1825–1879), who married Count Andrey Pavlovich Shuvalov in 1844.
Prince Vorontsov died on 18 November 1856 in Odessa.
Descendants
As his son died without issue, his grandson through his daughter Sofya, Count Mikhail Andreyevich Shuvalov (1850–1903), inherited the title of Prince Vorontsov. Upon his death, without issue in 1903, the Vorontsov fortune passed to his elder sister, Countess Elizabeth Andreevna Shuvalova (1845–1924), who had married Count Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov.
Legacy
Between 1828 and 1848, Vorontsov built Vorontsov Palace as a summer residence at a cost of 9 million roubles. The palace is located at the foot of the Crimean Mountains near the town of Alupka in Crimea. Today, it is one of the oldest and largest palaces in Crimea and one of the most popular tourist attractions on Crimea's southern coast. It was designed in a loose interpretation of the English Renaissance revival style by English architect Edward Blore and his assistant William Hunt. The building is a hybrid of several architectural styles, but faithful to none. Among those styles are elements of Scottish Baronial, Indo-Saracenic Revival Architecture, and Gothic Revival architecture. The house stayed in the family until four years after the October Revolution, when it was nationalised in 1921 and converted into a museum.
A statue of Prince Vorontsov was unveiled in Odessa in 1863. In front of the monument stands the Transfiguration Cathedral with the marble tombs of Prince Vorontsov and his wife. After the Soviets demolished the cathedral in 1936, Vorontsov's remains were secretly reburied in a local cemetery. The cathedral was rebuilt in the early 2000s. The remains of Vorontsov and his wife were solemnly transferred to the church in 2005.
Notes
References
Gammer, Moshe. Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan. Frank Cass & Co., London, 1994. .
External links
Online museum of the Vorontsov Family
Mikeshin, Mikhail. "Mikhail Vorontsov: A Metaphysical Portrait in the Landscape".
Field marshals of Russia
Governors-General of Novorossiya
Viceroys in Moldova
1782 births
1856 deaths
Russian military personnel of the Caucasian War
Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917)
1840s in Georgia (country)
Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
Military personnel from Saint Petersburg
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
Mikhail Semyonovich
People of the Caucasian War |
The khawal () was a traditional native Egyptian male dancer cross-dressed in feminine attire and was popular up until the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
History
Following prohibitions on women dancing in some public places, cross-dressing boys and men took their place to continue the local tradition publicly, these dancers were known as khawal, an Egyptian slang for queer, and were mainly dressed in feminine clothes and outfits. The khawal imitated female ghawazi by dancing with castanet self accompaniment, painting their hands with henna, braiding their long hair, plucking their facial hair, wearing make-up, and adopting the manners of women.
As they impersonate women, their dances are exactly of the same description as those of the Ghawazee [female dancers] ... Their general appearance ... is more feminine than masculine: they suffer the hair of the head to grow long, and generally braid it, in the manner of women ... they imitate the women also in applying kohl and henna to their eyes and hands like women. In the streets, when not engaged in dancing, they often veil their faces; not from shame, but merely to affect the manners of women.
Khawal distinguished themselves from women by wearing a mix of men's and women's clothing. The khawal performed at various functions such as weddings, births, circumcisions, and festivals.
In the eighteenth and nineteenth century, they also commonly performed for foreign visitors, variously shocking or delighting them. The khawal were perceived as sexually available; their male audiences found their ambiguity seductive.
In modern Egyptian slang, the term is derogatory and refers to a passive gay man, and is considered offensive.
See also
Köçek
Bacha bazi
References
Egyptian culture
Transgender in the Middle East
Middle Eastern culture
Arab culture
Belly dance
Male erotic dancers
Cross-dressing
LGBT in Egypt
18th century in LGBT history
19th century in LGBT history
Gender systems
Third gender |
The 75th British Academy Film Awards, also known as the BAFTAs, were held on 13 March 2022 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, honouring the best national and foreign films of 2021. Presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, accolades were handed out for the best feature-length film and documentaries of any nationality that were screened at British cinemas in 2021.
The nominations were announced on 3 February 2022. The EE Rising Star Award nominees, which is the only category voted for by the British public, were announced on 1 February 2022; the nomination and eventual win of Lashana Lynch confused commentators, who did not consider her "rising".
The epic science fiction film Dune received the most nominations with eleven; The Power of the Dog and Belfast followed with eight and six, respectively. The former ultimately won two—Best Film and Best Director (Jane Campion); Dune received the most wins, with five, but did not take home any major category awards.
The ceremony was hosted by actress and comedian Rebel Wilson. Many winners were not present to collect their awards, though the ceremony was exclusively in-person. This allowed the speeches of winners who were present to go on at length. While many awards were won by frontrunners in the Oscars race, a surprise win came in the Best Actress category – already populated by no Oscar nominees – for Welsh actress Joanna Scanlan for her performance in After Love.
Winners and nominees
The nominees were announced on 3 February 2022. The winners were announced on 13 March 2022.
This year, BAFTA did not hand out two of its honorary awards—BAFTA Fellowship and BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award—as it plans to implement new vetting processes following the previous year's controversy surrounding Noel Clarke.
Awards
Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
The Power of the Dog – Jane Campion, Iain Canning, Roger Frappier, Tanya Seghatchian and Emile Sherman Belfast – Laura Berwick, Kenneth Branagh, Becca Kovacik and Tamar Thomas
Don't Look Up – Adam McKay and Kevin Messick
Dune – Cale Boyter, Mary Parent and Denis Villeneuve
Licorice Pizza – Paul Thomas Anderson, Sara Murphy and Adam Somner
| valign="top" width="50%"| Jane Campion – The Power of the Dog
Paul Thomas Anderson – Licorice Pizza Audrey Diwan – Happening Julia Ducournau – Titane Ryusuke Hamaguchi – Drive My Car Aleem Khan – After Love|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
Will Smith – King Richard as Richard Williams
Adeel Akhtar – Ali & Ava as Ali
Mahershala Ali – Swan Song as Cameron Turner
Benedict Cumberbatch – The Power of the Dog as Phil Burbank
Leonardo DiCaprio – Don't Look Up as Dr. Randall Mindy
Stephen Graham – Boiling Point as Andy Jones
| valign="top" width="50%"|
Joanna Scanlan – After Love as Mary Hussain
Lady Gaga – House of Gucci as Patrizia Reggiani
Alana Haim – Licorice Pizza as Alana Kane
Emilia Jones – CODA as Ruby Rossi
Renate Reinsve – The Worst Person in the World as Julie
Tessa Thompson – Passing as Irene Redfield
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"|
Troy Kotsur – CODA as Frank Rossi
Mike Faist – West Side Story as Riff
Ciarán Hinds – Belfast as Pop
Woody Norman – C'mon C'mon as Jesse
Jesse Plemons – The Power of the Dog as George Burbank
Kodi Smit-McPhee – The Power of the Dog as Peter Gordon
| valign="top" width="50%"|
Ariana DeBose – West Side Story as Anita
Caitríona Balfe – Belfast as Ma
Jessie Buckley – The Lost Daughter as Young Leda Caruso
Ann Dowd – Mass as Linda
Aunjanue Ellis – King Richard as Oracene "Brandy" Price
Ruth Negga – Passing as Clare Bellew
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| 'Licorice Pizza – Paul Thomas Anderson Being the Ricardos – Aaron Sorkin
Belfast – Kenneth Branagh
Don't Look Up – Adam McKay
King Richard – Zach Baylin
| valign="top" width="50%"| CODA – Sian Heder Drive My Car – Ryusuke Hamaguchi and Takamasa Oe
Dune – Eric Roth, Jon Spaihts and Denis Villeneuve
The Lost Daughter – Maggie Gyllenhaal
The Power of the Dog – Jane Campion
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Encanto – Jared Bush, Byron Howard, Yvett Merino and Clark Spencer Luca – Enrico Casarosa and Andrea Warren
Flee – Jonas Poher Rasmussen and Monica Hellström
The Mitchells vs. the Machines – Mike Rianda, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller
| valign="top" width="50%"| Summer of Soul (...Or, When the Revolution Could Not Be Televised) – Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson, David Dinerstein, Robert Fyvolent and Joseph Patel Becoming Cousteau – Liz Garbus and Dan Cogan
Cow – Andrea Arnold and Kat Mansoor
Flee – Jonas Poher Rasmussen and Monica Hellström
The Rescue – Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi, Jimmy Chin, John Battsek and P.J. van Sandwijk
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Drive My Car – Ryusuke Hamaguchi and Teruhisa Yamamoto The Hand of God – Paolo Sorrentino and Lorenzo Mieli
Parallel Mothers – Pedro Almodóvar and Agustín Almodóvar
Petite Maman – Céline Sciamma and Bénédicte Couvreur
The Worst Person in the World – Joachim Trier and Thomas Robsahm
| valign="top" width="50%"| West Side Story – Cindy Tolan Boiling Point – Carolyn McLeod
Dune – Francine Maisler
The Hand of God – Massimo Appolloni and Annamaria Sambucco
King Richard – Rich Delia and Avy Kaufman
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Dune – Greig Fraser Nightmare Alley – Dan Laustsen
No Time to Die – Linus Sandgren
The Power of the Dog – Ari Wegner
The Tragedy of Macbeth – Bruno Delbonnel
| valign="top" width="50%"| Cruella – Jenny Beavan Cyrano – Massimo Cantini Parrini
Dune – Robert Morgan and Jacqueline West
The French Dispatch – Milena Canonero
Nightmare Alley – Luis Sequeira
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| No Time to Die – Tom Cross and Elliot Graham Belfast – Úna Ní Dhonghaíle
Dune – Joe Walker
Licorice Pizza – Andy Jurgensen
Summer of Soul (...Or, When the Revolution Could Not Be Televised) – Joshua L. Pearson
| valign="top" width="50%"| The Eyes of Tammy Faye – Linda Dowds, Stephanie Ingram and Justin Raleigh Cruella – Naomi Donne and Nadia Stacey
Cyrano – Alessandro Bertolazzi and Siân Miller
Dune – Love Larson and Donald Mowat
House of Gucci – Frederic Aspiras, Jana Carboni, Giuliano Mariano and Sarah Nicole Tanno
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Dune – Hans Zimmer Being the Ricardos – Daniel Pemberton
Don't Look Up – Nicholas Britell
The French Dispatch – Alexandre Desplat
The Power of the Dog – Jonny Greenwood
| valign="top" width="50%"| Dune – Patrice Vermette and Zsuzsanna Sipos Cyrano – Sarah Greenwood and Katie Spencer
The French Dispatch – Adam Stockhausen and Rena DeAngelo
Nightmare Alley – Tamara Deverell and Shane Vieau
West Side Story – Adam Stockhausen and Rena DeAngelo
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Dune – Ron Bartlett, Theo Green, Doug Hemphill, Mark Mangini and Mac Ruth Last Night in Soho – Tim Cavagin, Dan Morgan, Colin Nicolson and Julian Slater
No Time to Die – James Harrison, Simon Hayes, Paul Massey, Oliver Tarney and Mark Taylor
A Quiet Place Part II – Erik Aadahl, Michael Barosky, Brandon Proctor and Ethan Van der Ryn
West Side Story – Brian Chumney, Tod A. Maitland, Andy Nelson and Gary Rydstrom
| valign="top" width="50%"| Dune – Brian Connor, Paul Lambert, Tristan Myles and Gerd Nefzer Free Guy – Swen Gillberg, Bryan Grill, Nikos Kalaitzidis and Dan Sudick
Ghostbusters: Afterlife – Aharon Bourland, Sheena Duggal, Pier Lefebvre and Alessandro Ongaro
The Matrix Resurrections – Tom Debenham, Huw J. Evans, Dan Glass and J. D. Schwalm
No Time to Die – Mark Bakowski, Chris Corbould, Joel Green and Charlie Noble
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Belfast – Kenneth Branagh, Laura Berwick, Becca Kovacik and Tamar Thomas After Love – Aleem Khan and Matthieu de Braconier
Ali & Ava – Clio Barnard and Tracy O'Riordan
Boiling Point – Philip Barantini, Bart Ruspoli, Hester Ruoff and James Cummings
Cyrano – Joe Wright, Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Guy Heeley and Erica Schmidt
Everybody's Talking About Jamie – Jonathan Butterell, Peter Carlton, Mark Herbert and Tom MacRae
House of Gucci – Ridley Scott, Mark Huffam, Giannina Scott, Kevin J. Walsh, Roberto Bentivegna and Becky Johnston
Last Night in Soho – Edgar Wright, Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Nira Park and Krysty Wilson-Cairns
No Time to Die – Cary Joji Fukunaga, Barbara Broccoli, Michael G. Wilson, Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and Phoebe Waller-Bridge
Passing – Rebecca Hall, Margot Hand, Nina Yang Bongiovi and Forest Whitaker
| valign="top" width="50%"| The Harder They Fall – Jeymes Samuel (Writer/Director) [also written by Boaz Yakin] After Love – Aleem Khan (Writer/Director)
Boiling Point – James Cummings (Writer) and Hester Ruoff (Producer) [also written by Philip Barantini and produced by Bart Ruspoli]
Keyboard Fantasies – Posy Dixon (Writer/Director) and Liv Proctor (Producer)
Passing – Rebecca Hall (Writer/Director)
|-
| valign="top" width="50%"| Do Not Feed the Pigeons – Vladimir Krasilnikov, Jordi Morera and Antonin Niclass Affairs of the Art – Les Mills and Joanna Quinn
Night of the Living Dread – Danielle Goff, Hannah Kelso, Ida Melum and Laura Jayne Tunbridge
| valign="top" width="50%"| The Black Cop – Cherish Oteka Femme – Sam H. Freeman, Ng Choon Ping, Sam Ritzenberg and Hayley Williams
The Palace – Jo Prichard
Stuffed – Joss Holden-Rea and Theo Rhys
Three Meetings of the Extraordinary Committee – Max Barron, Daniel Wheldon and Michael Woodward
|-
| colspan="2" valign="top" width="50%"| Lashana Lynch' Ariana DeBose
Harris Dickinson
Millicent Simmonds
Kodi Smit-McPhee
|}
Ceremony information
The ceremony was broadcast on BBC One, BBC One HD and BBC iPlayer at 7:00 p.m on 13 March 2022, the day of the ceremony, and was available to stream exclusively on BritBox in North America and South Africa simultaneously with the UK broadcast. The broadcast was not live with the awards presentation, and some parts were edited out, including host Rebel Wilson ranting about a film production gone awry and cursing the production company. Wilson was selected as host after having presented an award at the previous in-person BAFA ceremony in February 2020; in his live coverage of the 2022 ceremony for The Guardian, British film journalist Stuart Heritage wrote that Wilson had been the only funny part of the 2020 ceremony.
While Heritage enjoyed many parts of Wilson's opening monologue at the 2022 ceremony, including jokes about the demise of the BAF(T)As and her own weight loss, he was unimpressed with her wordplay regarding Tom Hiddleston's "low key" (Loki) appearance at the ceremony; Heritage went on to note throughout the broadcast that Wilson's various skits (including drawing nipples on a flip chart, inviting Andy Serkis to defile a cake shaped like Benedict Cumberbatch, and throwing her bras into the audience) were bad. NME wrote that, while the hosting was troubled, Wilson improved towards the end of the ceremony, particularly her one-liners. Digital Spy, by collecting popular tweets about the ceremony, reported that many viewers were off-put by Wilson's unfunny hosting, though some enjoyed the fact she did not hold back when it came to topical humour. The BBC (which broadcast the ceremony) agreed that Wilson's monologue and one-liners were her strongest points, writing that some of her other jokes fell flat, but they thought "on the whole [she] did a fine job". The Telegraph was instead highly negative of Wilson's hosting and the mismatched tone of the ceremony she created, but praised her ability to "plough on" anyway; it also noted that in coming on after a strong opening song, Wilson was already at a disadvantage.
The de facto theme of the ceremony was "all things Bond". Opening the ceremony, to mark the 60th anniversary of the James Bond franchise, Dame Shirley Bassey, who is connected with the franchise after contributing to the soundtrack of multiple Bond films throughout her career, performed a rendition of the title song from Diamonds Are Forever (1971), the seventh installment of the franchise, with NME praising that her voice was as good as ever, writing: "At 85, her voice remains fully capable of filling the Royal Albert Hall to the rafters." Before the ceremony, it was announced that Bassey would perform an iconic Bond theme, only to be revealed on the night. Also performing live during the ceremony was English actress and singer Emilia Jones, nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in CODA. She performed a rendition of Joni Mitchell's "Both Sides, Now", which her character sings in the film; she was joined by two translators signing the song in American Sign Language (ASL) and British Sign Language (BSL).
Jones' performance was introduced by Wilson, who, while welcoming the interpreters, joked that the sign for "Vladimir Putin" was instead universal, holding up a middle finger to the camera. The same gesture had been made in a different context a week earlier at the 37th Independent Spirit Awards by its hosts, Megan Mullally and Nick Offerman, and presenter Kristen Stewart. Deaf journalist Liam O'Dell wrote that Wilson's version was offensive to sign language users as it reduced their language and accessibility to a punchline. Other political humour included Wilson saying she cut a planned musical number about Prince Andrew called "Pizza Express" and a lengthy but earnest joke Serkis made about the policies of Home Secretary Priti Patel while introducing the award for Best Director. Serious statements regarding the War in Ukraine were also made by Wilson, following the In Memoriam montage, and by BAFTA Chair Krishnendu Majumdar in his opening speech, condemning the Russian invasion and reading a message from the Ukrainian Film Academy. For the second year in a row, Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, BAFTA President, did not attend the ceremony, instead delivering a speech via a pre-recorded video that aired during the ceremony.
The acceptance speeches during the ceremony were noted for their excessive length; Heritage found some of them overlong but several of them, instead, moving. He also noted that the speeches could afford to run long because the lack of winners present at the ceremony naturally cut down on speech time; Heritage was more critical towards the nominees for not attending, saying that "they [BAFTA] could have held this ceremony in a minivan for all the people who turned up to collect their awards" and, before the In Memoriam montage, that people featured in it "actually have a good excuse" for not being there. While hosting, Wilson made a poorly-received joke about the personal life of Best Actor in a Leading Role winner Will Smith and, at the response, commented that it was deserved as Smith had not shown up to the ceremony. The high number of absent nominees may be attributed to the ceremony taking place on the same day as the 27th Critics' Choice Awards, which rescheduled their ceremony shortly beforehand and stated that there were no other possible dates, acknowledging the clash and setting up a parallel venue in London (in addition to usual city Los Angeles) to encourage people to attend both ceremonies.
In a series of long speeches, Lady Gaga introduced last year's EE Rising Star Award winner, Bukky Bakray, so that Bakray could present the award; Lashana Lynch ultimately won. Heritage was also critical of this, explaining his outlook by noting that Lynch had "already risen quite high", playing main characters in major movies, including Captain Marvel (2019) (plus other Marvel Cinematic Universe entries) and the Bond film No Time to Die (2021), and so her career did not need the profile boost of the EE Rising Star Award. NME was more positive, writing that the award "underlines her rise". Lynch's acceptance speech referred to her family migrating as part of the Windrush generation and how they taught her "about failure, about noes and what noes mean and how to celebrate your yeses", preparing her for the film industry.
Unusually, none of the Best Actress nominees were also nominated in the same category at the 94th Academy Awards. Additionally, of the actresses nominated for the BAFA, only Lady Gaga had been nominated at the 28th Screen Actors Guild Awards. American film journalist Anne Thompson described Joanna Scanlan's nomination in the category as "bizarre"; Scanlan ultimately won and was surprised herself. In her speech, she thanked BAFTA in Welsh. NME and British film critic Peter Bradshaw wrote that she was a deserving winner. In winning the award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, CODA actor Troy Kotsur became the first deaf actor to win a BAFA, as well as the first deaf actor to win a BAFTA in a major category and first deaf male actor to win a BAFTA. Bradshaw had worried that Belfast winning Outstanding British Film, and thus being labelled "British", could have been controversial, but was "very pleased" to see it was not significantly so, attributing this to the quality of the film.
Overall, Bradshaw felt that the winners were "well-judged and satisfying". Heritage also noted that the BAFA winners at the ceremony gave little fresh insight to the likely Oscar winners, with a mix of frontrunner and left-field wins.
Statistics
In Memoriam
The In Memoriam'' montage this year was played to the song "Send In the Clowns" by Stephen Sondheim, who was included within the montage.
The following appeared:
Stephen Sondheim
Sally Ann Howes
Jane Powell
Alan Ladd Jr.
Lata Mangeshkar
Roger Michell
Jean-Paul Belmondo
Dilip Kumar
Halyna Hutchins
Olympia Dukakis
Monica Vitti
Richard Donner
Jean-Marc Vallée
Ruthie Tompson
Ivan Reitman
Douglas Trumbull
Leslie Bricusse OBE
Mikis Theodorakis
Jean-Jacques Beineix
Lina Wertmüller
Anthony Powell
Walter Schneiderman
Colin Young CBE
Anthony Smith CBE
Romaine Hart
James Higgins
Jon Gregory
Richard Conway
Peter Bogdanovich
Menelik Shabazz
Joan Washington
Sally Kellerman
Sir Sidney Poitier KBE
See also
11th AACTA International Awards
94th Academy Awards
47th César Awards
27th Critics' Choice Awards
74th Directors Guild of America Awards
35th European Film Awards
79th Golden Globe Awards
42nd Golden Raspberry Awards
36th Goya Awards
37th Independent Spirit Awards
27th Lumières Awards
11th Magritte Awards
9th Platino Awards
33rd Producers Guild of America Awards
26th Satellite Awards
47th Saturn Awards
28th Screen Actors Guild Awards
74th Writers Guild of America Awards
References
External links
2022 in London
2021 film awards
2022 in British cinema
Events at the Royal Albert Hall
2021 awards in the United Kingdom
2022 awards in the United Kingdom
075
March 2022 events in the United Kingdom |
```java
/*
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor.CompositeBehavior.DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor.CompositeBehavior.ENTER_TRANSFORM;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.util.Preconditions.checkStateNotNull;
import static org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection.IsBounded.UNBOUNDED;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import org.apache.beam.runners.core.construction.SerializablePipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.SparkCommonPipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation.batch.functions.SideInputValues;
import org.apache.beam.runners.spark.structuredstreaming.translation.helpers.EncoderProvider;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.Pipeline.PipelineVisitor;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.annotations.Internal;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.coders.Coder;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.StreamingOptions;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.AppliedPTransform;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.runners.TransformHierarchy.Node;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.PTransform;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.View;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.WindowedValue;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.construction.PTransformTranslation;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollection;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PInput;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.POutput;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PValue;
import org.apache.beam.sdk.values.TupleTag;
import org.apache.spark.broadcast.Broadcast;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoder;
import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
import org.apache.spark.storage.StorageLevel;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import scala.reflect.ClassTag;
/**
* The pipeline translator translates a Beam {@link Pipeline} into a Spark correspondence, that can
* then be evaluated.
*
* <p>The translation involves traversing the hierarchy of a pipeline multiple times:
*
* <ol>
* <li>Detect if {@link StreamingOptions#setStreaming streaming} mode is required.
* <li>Identify datasets that are repeatedly used as input and should be cached.
* <li>And finally, translate each primitive or composite {@link PTransform} that is {@link
* #getTransformTranslator known} and {@link TransformTranslator#canTranslate supported} into
* its Spark correspondence. If a composite is not supported, it will be expanded further into
* its parts and translated then.
* </ol>
*/
@Internal
public abstract class PipelineTranslator {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PipelineTranslator.class);
// Threshold to limit query plan complexity to avoid unnecessary planning overhead. Currently this
// is fairly low, Catalyst won't be able to optimize beyond ParDos anyways. Until there's
// dedicated support for schema transforms, there's little value of allowing more complex plans at
// this point.
private static final int PLAN_COMPLEXITY_THRESHOLD = 6;
public static void replaceTransforms(Pipeline pipeline, StreamingOptions options) {
pipeline.replaceAll(SparkTransformOverrides.getDefaultOverrides(options.isStreaming()));
}
/**
* Analyse the pipeline to determine if we have to switch to streaming mode for the pipeline
* translation and update {@link StreamingOptions} accordingly.
*/
public static void detectStreamingMode(Pipeline pipeline, StreamingOptions options) {
StreamingModeDetector detector = new StreamingModeDetector(options.isStreaming());
pipeline.traverseTopologically(detector);
options.setStreaming(detector.streaming);
}
/** Returns a {@link TransformTranslator} for the given {@link PTransform} if known. */
protected abstract @Nullable <
InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput, TransformT extends PTransform<InT, OutT>>
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, TransformT> getTransformTranslator(TransformT transform);
/**
* Translates a Beam pipeline into its Spark correspondence using the Spark SQL / Dataset API.
*
* <p>Note, in some cases this involves the early evaluation of some parts of the pipeline. For
* example, in order to use a side-input {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollectionView
* PCollectionView} in a translation the corresponding Spark {@link
* org.apache.beam.runners.spark.translation.Dataset Dataset} might have to be collected and
* broadcasted to be able to continue with the translation.
*
* @return The result of the translation is an {@link EvaluationContext} that can trigger the
* evaluation of the Spark pipeline.
*/
public EvaluationContext translate(
Pipeline pipeline, SparkSession session, SparkCommonPipelineOptions options) {
LOG.debug("starting translation of the pipeline using {}", getClass().getName());
DependencyVisitor dependencies = new DependencyVisitor();
pipeline.traverseTopologically(dependencies);
TranslatingVisitor translator = new TranslatingVisitor(session, options, dependencies.results);
pipeline.traverseTopologically(translator);
return new EvaluationContext(translator.leaves, session);
}
/**
* The correspondence of a {@link PCollection} as result of translating a {@link PTransform}
* including additional metadata (such as name and dependents).
*/
private static final class TranslationResult<IntT, T>
implements EvaluationContext.NamedDataset<T> {
private final String name;
private final float complexityFactor;
private float planComplexity = 0;
private @MonotonicNonNull Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset = null;
private @MonotonicNonNull Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> sideInputBroadcast = null;
private @Nullable UnresolvedTranslation<IntT, T> unresolved = null;
// dependent downstream transforms (if empty this is a leaf)
private final Set<PTransform<?, ?>> dependentTransforms = new HashSet<>();
// upstream dependencies (required inputs)
private final List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies;
private TranslationResult(
PCollection<?> pCol, float complexityFactor, List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies) {
this.name = pCol.getName();
this.complexityFactor = complexityFactor;
this.dependencies = dependencies;
}
@Override
public String name() {
return name;
}
@Override
public @Nullable Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset() {
return dataset;
}
private boolean isLeaf() {
return dependentTransforms.isEmpty();
}
private int usages() {
return dependentTransforms.size();
}
private void resetPlanComplexity() {
planComplexity = 1;
}
/** Estimate complexity of query plan by multiplying complexities of all dependencies. */
private float estimatePlanComplexity() {
if (planComplexity > 0) {
return planComplexity;
}
float complexity = 1 + complexityFactor;
for (TranslationResult<?, ?> result : dependencies) {
complexity *= result.estimatePlanComplexity();
}
return (planComplexity = complexity);
}
}
/**
* Unresolved translation, allowing to optimize the generated Spark DAG.
*
* <p>An unresolved translation can - in certain cases - be fused together with following
* transforms. Currently this is only the case for ParDos with linear linage.
*/
public interface UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> {
PCollection<InT> getInput();
<T2> UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T2> fuse(UnresolvedTranslation<T, T2> next);
Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> resolve(
Supplier<PipelineOptions> options, Dataset<WindowedValue<InT>> input);
}
/** Shared, mutable state during the translation of a pipeline and omitted afterwards. */
public interface TranslationState extends EncoderProvider {
<T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection);
boolean isLeaf(PCollection<?> pCollection);
<InT, OutT> void putUnresolved(
PCollection<OutT> out, UnresolvedTranslation<InT, OutT> unresolved);
<T> void putDataset(
PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset, boolean cache);
default <T> void putDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset) {
putDataset(pCollection, dataset, true);
}
<T> Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> getSideInputBroadcast(
PCollection<T> pCollection, SideInputValues.Loader<T> loader);
Supplier<PipelineOptions> getOptionsSupplier();
PipelineOptions getOptions();
SparkSession getSparkSession();
}
/**
* {@link PTransformVisitor} that translates supported {@link PTransform PTransforms} into their
* Spark correspondence.
*
* <p>Note, in some cases this involves the early evaluation of some parts of the pipeline. For
* example, in order to use a side-input {@link org.apache.beam.sdk.values.PCollectionView
* PCollectionView} in a translation the corresponding Spark {@link
* org.apache.beam.runners.spark.translation.Dataset Dataset} might have to be collected and
* broadcasted.
*/
private class TranslatingVisitor extends PTransformVisitor implements TranslationState {
private final Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> translationResults;
private final Map<Coder<?>, Encoder<?>> encoders;
private final SparkSession sparkSession;
private final PipelineOptions options;
private final Supplier<PipelineOptions> optionsSupplier;
private final StorageLevel storageLevel;
private final Set<TranslationResult<?, ?>> leaves;
public TranslatingVisitor(
SparkSession sparkSession,
SparkCommonPipelineOptions options,
Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> translationResults) {
this.sparkSession = sparkSession;
this.translationResults = translationResults;
this.options = options;
this.optionsSupplier = new BroadcastOptions(sparkSession, options);
this.storageLevel = StorageLevel.fromString(options.getStorageLevel());
this.encoders = new HashMap<>();
this.leaves = new HashSet<>();
}
@Override
<InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator) {
AppliedPTransform<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> appliedTransform =
(AppliedPTransform) node.toAppliedPTransform(getPipeline());
try {
LOG.info(
"Translating {}: {}",
node.isCompositeNode() ? "composite" : "primitive",
node.getFullName());
translator.translate(transform, appliedTransform, this);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
@Override
public <T> Encoder<T> encoderOf(Coder<T> coder, Factory<T> factory) {
// computeIfAbsent fails with Java 11 on recursive factory
Encoder<T> enc = (Encoder<T>) encoders.get(coder);
if (enc == null) {
enc = factory.apply(coder);
encoders.put(coder, enc);
}
return enc;
}
private <IntT, T> TranslationResult<IntT, T> getResult(PCollection<T> pCollection) {
return (TranslationResult<IntT, T>) checkStateNotNull(translationResults.get(pCollection));
}
@Override
public <T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getDataset(PCollection<T> pCollection) {
return getOrResolve(getResult(pCollection));
}
@Override
public <T> void putDataset(
PCollection<T> pCollection, Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> dataset, boolean cache) {
TranslationResult<?, T> result = getResult(pCollection);
result.dataset = dataset;
if (cache && result.usages() > 1) {
LOG.info("Dataset {} will be cached for reuse.", result.name);
dataset.persist(storageLevel); // use NONE to disable
}
if (result.estimatePlanComplexity() > PLAN_COMPLEXITY_THRESHOLD) {
// Break linage of dataset to limit planning overhead for complex query plans.
LOG.info("Breaking linage of dataset {} to limit complexity of query plan.", result.name);
result.dataset = sparkSession.createDataset(dataset.rdd(), dataset.encoder());
result.resetPlanComplexity();
}
if (result.isLeaf()) {
leaves.add(result);
}
}
private <InT, T> Dataset<WindowedValue<T>> getOrResolve(TranslationResult<InT, T> result) {
UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> unresolved = result.unresolved;
if (unresolved != null) {
result.dataset = unresolved.resolve(optionsSupplier, getDataset(unresolved.getInput()));
result.unresolved = null;
}
return checkStateNotNull(result.dataset);
}
@Override
public <InT, T> void putUnresolved(
PCollection<T> out, UnresolvedTranslation<InT, T> unresolved) {
// For simplicity, pretend InT is the same
TranslationResult<InT, InT> translIn = getResult(unresolved.getInput());
TranslationResult<InT, T> translOut = getResult(out);
// Fuse with previous unresolved translation if necessary
UnresolvedTranslation<InT, InT> unresolvedIn = translIn.unresolved;
translOut.unresolved = unresolvedIn != null ? unresolvedIn.fuse(unresolved) : unresolved;
translIn.unresolved = null;
// Resolve dataset immediately in case of leaf or when there are multiple downstreams
if (translOut.usages() != 1) {
putDataset(out, getOrResolve(translOut));
}
}
@Override
public boolean isLeaf(PCollection<?> pCollection) {
return getResult(pCollection).isLeaf();
}
@Override
public <T> Broadcast<SideInputValues<T>> getSideInputBroadcast(
PCollection<T> pCollection, SideInputValues.Loader<T> loader) {
TranslationResult<?, T> result = getResult(pCollection);
if (result.sideInputBroadcast == null) {
SideInputValues<T> sideInputValues = loader.apply(getOrResolve(result));
result.sideInputBroadcast = broadcast(sparkSession, sideInputValues);
}
return result.sideInputBroadcast;
}
@Override
public Supplier<PipelineOptions> getOptionsSupplier() {
return optionsSupplier;
}
@Override
public PipelineOptions getOptions() {
return options;
}
@Override
public SparkSession getSparkSession() {
return sparkSession;
}
}
/**
* Supplier wrapping broadcasted {@link PipelineOptions} to avoid repeatedly serializing those as
* part of the task closures.
*/
private static class BroadcastOptions implements Supplier<PipelineOptions>, Serializable {
private final Broadcast<SerializablePipelineOptions> broadcast;
private BroadcastOptions(SparkSession session, PipelineOptions options) {
this.broadcast = broadcast(session, new SerializablePipelineOptions(options));
}
@Override
public PipelineOptions get() {
return broadcast.value().get();
}
}
private static <T> Broadcast<T> broadcast(SparkSession session, T t) {
return session.sparkContext().broadcast(t, (ClassTag) ClassTag.AnyRef());
}
/**
* {@link PTransformVisitor} that analyses dependencies of supported {@link PTransform
* PTransforms} to help identify cache candidates.
*
* <p>The visitor may throw if a {@link PTransform} is observed that uses unsupported features.
*/
private class DependencyVisitor extends PTransformVisitor {
private final Map<PCollection<?>, TranslationResult<?, ?>> results = new HashMap<>();
@Override
<InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator) {
// Track `transform` as downstream dependency of every input and reversely
// every input is a dependency of each output of `transform`.
List<TranslationResult<?, ?>> dependencies = new ArrayList<>(node.getInputs().size());
for (Map.Entry<TupleTag<?>, PCollection<?>> entry : node.getInputs().entrySet()) {
TranslationResult<?, ?> input = checkStateNotNull(results.get(entry.getValue()));
dependencies.add(input);
input.dependentTransforms.add(transform);
}
// add new translation result for every output of `transform`
for (PCollection<?> pOut : node.getOutputs().values()) {
results.put(pOut, new TranslationResult<>(pOut, translator.complexityFactor, dependencies));
}
}
}
/**
* An abstract {@link PipelineVisitor} that visits all translatable {@link PTransform} pipeline
* nodes of a pipeline with the respective {@link TransformTranslator}.
*
* <p>The visitor may throw if a {@link PTransform} is observed that uses unsupported features.
*/
private abstract class PTransformVisitor extends PipelineVisitor.Defaults {
/** Visit the {@link PTransform} with its respective {@link TransformTranslator}. */
abstract <InT extends PInput, OutT extends POutput> void visit(
Node node,
PTransform<InT, OutT> transform,
TransformTranslator<InT, OutT, PTransform<InT, OutT>> translator);
@Override
public final CompositeBehavior enterCompositeTransform(Node node) {
PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform = (PTransform<PInput, POutput>) node.getTransform();
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getSupportedTranslator(transform);
if (transform != null && translator != null) {
visit(node, transform, translator);
return DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM;
} else {
return ENTER_TRANSFORM;
}
}
@Override
public final void visitPrimitiveTransform(Node node) {
PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform = (PTransform<PInput, POutput>) node.getTransform();
if (transform == null || transform.getClass().equals(View.CreatePCollectionView.class)) {
return; // ignore, nothing to be translated here, views are handled on the consumer side
}
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getSupportedTranslator(transform);
if (translator == null) {
String urn = PTransformTranslation.urnForTransform(transform);
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Transform " + urn + " is not supported.");
}
visit(node, transform, translator);
}
/** {@link TransformTranslator} for {@link PTransform} if translation is known and supported. */
private @Nullable TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>>
getSupportedTranslator(@Nullable PTransform<PInput, POutput> transform) {
if (transform == null) {
return null;
}
TransformTranslator<PInput, POutput, PTransform<PInput, POutput>> translator =
getTransformTranslator(transform);
return translator != null && translator.canTranslate(transform) ? translator : null;
}
}
/**
* Traverse the pipeline to check for unbounded {@link PCollection PCollections} that would
* require streaming mode unless streaming mode is already enabled.
*/
private static class StreamingModeDetector extends PipelineVisitor.Defaults {
private boolean streaming;
StreamingModeDetector(boolean streaming) {
this.streaming = streaming;
}
@Override
public CompositeBehavior enterCompositeTransform(Node node) {
return streaming ? DO_NOT_ENTER_TRANSFORM : ENTER_TRANSFORM; // stop if in streaming mode
}
@Override
public void visitValue(PValue value, Node producer) {
if (value instanceof PCollection && ((PCollection) value).isBounded() == UNBOUNDED) {
LOG.info("Found unbounded PCollection {}, switching to streaming mode.", value.getName());
streaming = true;
}
}
}
}
``` |
Jean O'Sullivan is an American politician who served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2011 to 2021.
Early life and education
Jean O'Sullivan was born in New York City, and was raised in Greenwich, Connecticut. She graduated with a degree in political science from California State College at Los Angeles, and the New School for Social Research. She spent three years at Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont, which gave her a love of the state. In 1977, she moved to Vermont, where she owned a discount beverage store and a small chain of candy stores.
Career
O'Sullivan was the ward, city, and county Democratic Chair from 1985 to 1990. She elected to the Burlington City Council from 2000 to 2005.
She was appointed to the Vermont House of Representatives in 2012. She served as Vice Chair of the Commerce, Economic and Workforce Development Committee. She also served on the General, Housing and Military Affirs Committee.
O'Sullivan lost the Chittenden-6-2 Democratic primary to Emma Mulvaney-Stanak in 2020.
References
Living people
Goddard College alumni
California State University, Los Angeles alumni
21st-century American politicians
21st-century American women politicians
Members of the Vermont House of Representatives
Women state legislators in Vermont
Politicians from New York City
Politicians from Burlington, Vermont
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Mental marks the ninth album from KJ-52. The Paradigm Collective released the project on October 21, 2014. He produced the album with Solomon Olds. Mental is KJ-52's ninth album and the follow-up to 2012's Dangerous.
Music
CCM Magazine, "Backed by killer beats, fashionable electronics and in-vogue vocals, KJ pits his sophisticated wordplay against current cultural issues to press out a perseverant scriptural message for all people." Jesus Freak Hideout, "Mental does not really sound like something I would have expected KJ to make, and it is way too easy to pin him as simply trying to morph his sound into a mold that sells better, but it would be unfair to the quality of Mental to do so." New Release Tuesday, "This new KJ is no less about fun, but he has added an aggressive maturity to his music." Indie Vision Music, "With Lecrae (by way of remix), Tedashii, KB, Propaganda, and Flame all showing up, Mental feels as much like a Reach Records or 116 clique album as it does a new KJ-52 joint. But, add in gratuitous use of former Family Force 5-er Soul Glo Activatur, as well as guys like Social Club and SPZRKT and a bold new experience takes shape."
Reception
Specifying in a four star out of five review by CCM Magazine, Andrew Greer recognizes, "the multi-Dove Award-winning wordsmith poises his ninth recording for the ultimate spiritual confrontation." Mark Rice, agrees it is a four-star album for Jesus Freak Hideout, responds, "it is safe to call Mental one more step in the evolution of Mister Five-Tweezey, and a good step at that." Signaling in another four star review from New Release Tuesday, Mark Ryan realizes, "Call it Spiritual or artistic maturity if you like, I will just call it a new attitude and a new passion ignited." Lee Brown, indicating it is a four star project from Indie Vision Music, replies, "Mental brings five absolutely amazing tracks to the table, along with a couple remixes and one track that is ok, but doesn't hold its own against the weight of the rest." Rating the album a 4.2 out of five for Christian Music Review, Jay Heilman says, "Mental is a great album and gives us another reason to get behind today's Christian hip-hop, which continues to pick up momentum while putting Christ atop their messages." Maddy Agers, awarding the album ten stars at Jesus Wired, writes, "It's new, it's real, and it's amazing." Rating the album four stars for Christian Review Magazine, Leah St. John states, the album is a progression of his "sound".
Track listing
Charts
References
2014 albums
KJ-52 albums |
Diane Marie Cook is an American writer currently based in New York. Her debut novel, The New Wilderness (2020), was shortlisted for the 2020 Booker Prize.
Biography and career
After studying and writing fiction at university, Cook attended the Salt Institute for Documentary Studies in Portland, Maine, as a member of their first Radio cohort in 2000. She began her radio career as an intern, then producer at This American Life.
She attended Columbia University for her MFA and a few years later published her first book, the short-story collection Man V. Nature. It was a finalist for the 2015 Guardian First Book Award, the Believer Book Award, and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize Art Seidenbaum Award for First Fiction. Her debut novel, The New Wilderness (2020), was shortlisted for the 2020 Booker Prize.
Cook's writing has appeared in Harper’s, Tin House, Granta, and other publications, and her stories have been included in the anthologies Best American Short Stories and The O. Henry Prize Stories. In 2020 she was the Leeds Lit Fest "International Writer in Residence".
She has taught writing and literature at Columbia University and at the University of Michigan's New England Literature Program, in which students and teachers live and study together in a rustic camp, foregoing all technology and traditional classroom methods.
Cook was the recipient of a 2016 fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts.
She lives in Brooklyn, New York, with her husband, daughter and son.
References
American women novelists
Living people
21st-century American novelists
21st-century American women writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Columbia University faculty
University of Michigan faculty
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
Salt Institute for Documentary Studies alumni
American women academics |
```yaml
intents:
- greet
- default
- goodbye
slots:
cuisine:
type: text
location:
type: text
entities:
- name
responses:
utter_greet:
- super: cool
utter_goodbye:
- text: goodbye :(
utter_default:
- text: default message
actions:
- utter_default
- utter_greet
- utter_goodbye
``` |
Jenkins is an unincorporated community in Barry County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 39, just north of Route 248, approximately twelve miles northeast of Cassville. Jenkins Creek flows through the community and its confluence with Flat Creek is just to the south.
A post office called Jenkins was established in 1883, and remained in operation until 1965. Besides the post office, Jenkins had a schoolhouse. The community name came from Jenkins Creek which flows past southeast of the community.
References
Unincorporated communities in Barry County, Missouri
Unincorporated communities in Missouri |
Jonathan Schanzer is an American author and senior vice president of research at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. He oversees the work of the organization's experts and scholars.
Publications
Hamas vs. Fatah: The Struggle for Palestine, Palgrave Macmillan (November 11, 2008) .
Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups & The Next Generation of Terror, Washington Institute for Near East Policy (October 1, 2004) .
Gaza Conflict 2021: Hamas, Israel and Eleven Days of War, Foundation for Defense of Democracies Press (November 10, 2021) .
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Jonathan Schanzer's Web site
Middle Eastern studies in the United States
American male journalists
Islam and politics
Living people
1972 births |
Events from the year 1309 in Ireland.
Incumbent
Lord: Edward II
Events
Births
Deaths
Thomas Cantock, Bishop of Emly and Lord Chancellor of Ireland
References
1300s in Ireland
Ireland
Years of the 14th century in Ireland |
The Ostwald–Freundlich equation governs boundaries between two phases; specifically, it relates the surface tension of the boundary to its curvature, the ambient temperature, and the vapor pressure or chemical potential in the two phases.
The Ostwald–Freundlich equation for a droplet or particle with radius is:
= atomic volume
= Boltzmann constant
= surface tension (J m−2)
= equilibrium partial pressure (or chemical potential or concentration)
= partial pressure (or chemical potential or concentration)
= absolute temperature
One consequence of this relation is that small liquid droplets (i.e., particles with a high surface curvature) exhibit a higher effective vapor pressure, since the surface is larger in comparison to the volume.
Another notable example of this relation is Ostwald ripening, in which surface tension causes small precipitates to dissolve and larger ones to grow. Ostwald ripening is thought to occur in the formation of orthoclase megacrysts in granites as a consequence of subsolidus growth. See rock microstructure for more.
History
In 1871, Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) obtained the following relation governing a liquid-vapor interface:
where:
= vapor pressure at a curved interface of radius
= vapor pressure at flat interface () =
= surface tension
= density of vapor
= density of liquid
, = radii of curvature along the principal sections of the curved interface.
In his dissertation of 1885, Robert von Helmholtz (son of the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz) derived the Ostwald–Freundlich equation and showed that Kelvin's equation could be transformed into the Ostwald–Freundlich equation. The German physical chemist Wilhelm Ostwald derived the equation apparently independently in 1900; however, his derivation contained a minor error which the German chemist Herbert Freundlich corrected in 1909.
Derivation from Kelvin's equation
According to Lord Kelvin's equation of 1871,
If the particle is assumed to be spherical, then ; hence,
Note: Kelvin defined the surface tension as the work that was performed per unit area by the interface rather than on the interface; hence his term containing has a minus sign. In what follows, the surface tension will be defined so that the term containing has a plus sign.
Since , then ; hence,
Assuming that the vapor obeys the ideal gas law, then
where:
= mass of a volume of vapor
= molecular weight of vapor
= number of moles of vapor in volume of vapor
= Avogadro constant
= ideal gas constant =
Since is the mass of one molecule of vapor or liquid, then
volume of one molecule .
Hence
where .
Thus
Since
then
Since , then . If , then . Hence
Therefore
which is the Ostwald–Freundlich equation.
See also
Köhler theory
Kelvin equation
References
Thermodynamic equations
Petrology
Surface science |
The Muota is a river in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and a tributary of Lake Lucerne. It has a length of .
The Muota rises on the Ruosalp, an alp to the north of the Glatten on the border between the cantons of Schwyz and Uri. Initially, it flows in a northerly direction through the tiny Bisistal before turning west to the villages of Muotathal and Ried.
Beyond Ried, the river flows through a narrow defile between the Gibelhorn and Stooshorn, passing under the Stoosbahn funicular that serves the mountain resort of Stoos, as it does so. After leaving this canyon, the river turns north to reach the village of Ibach in the municipality of Schwyz. At Ibach the river turns west again, then shortly afterwards passes under the A4 motorway and the Gotthard railway line before receiving the Seeweren, which is the outfall stream of Lake Lauerz. Here it flows south-west to enter Lake Lucerne on the west side of the town of Brunnen in the municipality of Ingenbohl.
References
External links
Rivers of the canton of Schwyz
Rivers of Switzerland |
```html
---
layout: default
---
{% include nav.html %}
<header class="article-alt-header bg-gray-light">
<div class="container-lg p-responsive mx-auto">
<h1 class="h1-mktg lh-condensed text-center my-6 py-md-6">{{ page.title }}</h1>
<p class="lead text-center text-gray col-md-8 mx-auto mb-4 position-relative">{{ page.description }}</p>
</div>
</header>
<article class="pb-md-6">
<div class="article-body mx-auto px-3 pt-4 pt-lg-6 pb-6 col-md-10 col-lg-8 col-xl-6">
{{ content }}
</div>
</article>
{% include footer.html %}
``` |
Kolodezhnoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kolodezhanskoye Rural Settlement, Podgorensky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 643 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.
Geography
Kolodezhnoye is located 34 km northeast of Podgorensky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pokrovka is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Podgorensky District |
Alan Crumpton (27 January 1928 – 13 January 1983) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer of the 1940s and 1950s. He played five seasons in the New South Wales Rugby League Premiership for the Canterbury-Bankstown club.
Playing career
Starting in reserve grade in 1947, before becoming a regular member of the 1948 third grade team. Crumpton was eventually promoted to the first grade side in 1949, making his debut in Round 3 against St. George. His side lost 9-39. He scored his first career try in Canterbury's 17-28 loss to Newtown in Round 8. In Round 12 (his final game for the season), he scored another try in a rematch against St. George. Crumpton finished the season with two tries from seven appearances.
In 1950, Crumpton had arguably the most successful season of his career. He scored a try the opening round of the season in a narrow lost to South Sydney, before scoring a try in 4 straight consecutive games. In Round 17 (second last round), he scored 2 tries against Parramatta, with his side winning 23-9. Crumpton finished the season with 9 tries in 16 appearances - tying with Cec Cooper as Canterbury's leading tryscorer. He was also tied as the second-highest point-scorer for his team, behind the team's primary goal-kicker, Ronald Willey.
Crumpton only made 3 appearances in 1951, not scoring any points that season.
The next season, he scored 2 tries against the Manly-Warringah in Round 13. He finished that year with 4 tries from only 6 appearances. During that time, he mostly played reserve grade, playing against South Sydney in the reserve grade Grand Final in 1952.
Crumpton played one game in 1953, which turned out to be his last game. His final game of his career was against Newtown in a 9-12 loss. Crumpton finished his career with 15 tries (45 points) in 33 appearances.
References
Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs players
1928 births
1983 deaths
Australian rugby league players
Rugby league players from Cowra, New South Wales
Rugby league centres
Rugby league wingers |
```python
from __future__ import division, absolute_import, print_function
# Code common to build tools
import sys
import warnings
import copy
import binascii
from numpy.distutils.misc_util import mingw32
#-------------------
# Versioning support
#-------------------
# How to change C_API_VERSION ?
# - increase C_API_VERSION value
# - record the hash for the new C API with the script cversions.py
# and add the hash to cversions.txt
# The hash values are used to remind developers when the C API number was not
# updated - generates a MismatchCAPIWarning warning which is turned into an
# exception for released version.
# Binary compatibility version number. This number is increased whenever the
# C-API is changed such that binary compatibility is broken, i.e. whenever a
# recompile of extension modules is needed.
C_ABI_VERSION = 0x01000009
# Minor API version. This number is increased whenever a change is made to the
# C-API -- whether it breaks binary compatibility or not. Some changes, such
# as adding a function pointer to the end of the function table, can be made
# without breaking binary compatibility. In this case, only the C_API_VERSION
# (*not* C_ABI_VERSION) would be increased. Whenever binary compatibility is
# broken, both C_API_VERSION and C_ABI_VERSION should be increased.
#
# 0x00000008 - 1.7.x
# 0x00000009 - 1.8.x
# 0x00000009 - 1.9.x
# 0x0000000a - 1.10.x
# 0x0000000a - 1.11.x
C_API_VERSION = 0x0000000a
class MismatchCAPIWarning(Warning):
pass
def is_released(config):
"""Return True if a released version of numpy is detected."""
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
v = config.get_version('../version.py')
if v is None:
raise ValueError("Could not get version")
pv = LooseVersion(vstring=v).version
if len(pv) > 3:
return False
return True
def get_api_versions(apiversion, codegen_dir):
"""
Return current C API checksum and the recorded checksum.
Return current C API checksum and the recorded checksum for the given
version of the C API version.
"""
# Compute the hash of the current API as defined in the .txt files in
# code_generators
sys.path.insert(0, codegen_dir)
try:
m = __import__('genapi')
numpy_api = __import__('numpy_api')
curapi_hash = m.fullapi_hash(numpy_api.full_api)
apis_hash = m.get_versions_hash()
finally:
del sys.path[0]
return curapi_hash, apis_hash[apiversion]
def check_api_version(apiversion, codegen_dir):
"""Emits a MismacthCAPIWarning if the C API version needs updating."""
curapi_hash, api_hash = get_api_versions(apiversion, codegen_dir)
# If different hash, it means that the api .txt files in
# codegen_dir have been updated without the API version being
# updated. Any modification in those .txt files should be reflected
# in the api and eventually abi versions.
# To compute the checksum of the current API, use
# code_generators/cversions.py script
if not curapi_hash == api_hash:
msg = ("API mismatch detected, the C API version "
"numbers have to be updated. Current C api version is %d, "
"with checksum %s, but recorded checksum for C API version %d in "
"codegen_dir/cversions.txt is %s. If functions were added in the "
"C API, you have to update C_API_VERSION in %s."
)
warnings.warn(msg % (apiversion, curapi_hash, apiversion, api_hash,
__file__),
MismatchCAPIWarning)
# Mandatory functions: if not found, fail the build
MANDATORY_FUNCS = ["sin", "cos", "tan", "sinh", "cosh", "tanh", "fabs",
"floor", "ceil", "sqrt", "log10", "log", "exp", "asin",
"acos", "atan", "fmod", 'modf', 'frexp', 'ldexp']
# Standard functions which may not be available and for which we have a
# replacement implementation. Note that some of these are C99 functions.
OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS = ["expm1", "log1p", "acosh", "asinh", "atanh",
"rint", "trunc", "exp2", "log2", "hypot", "atan2", "pow",
"copysign", "nextafter", "ftello", "fseeko",
"strtoll", "strtoull", "cbrt", "strtold_l", "fallocate"]
OPTIONAL_HEADERS = [
# sse headers only enabled automatically on amd64/x32 builds
"xmmintrin.h", # SSE
"emmintrin.h", # SSE2
"features.h", # for glibc version linux
]
# optional gcc compiler builtins and their call arguments and optional a
# required header
# call arguments are required as the compiler will do strict signature checking
OPTIONAL_INTRINSICS = [("__builtin_isnan", '5.'),
("__builtin_isinf", '5.'),
("__builtin_isfinite", '5.'),
("__builtin_bswap32", '5u'),
("__builtin_bswap64", '5u'),
("__builtin_expect", '5, 0'),
("__builtin_mul_overflow", '5, 5, (int*)5'),
("_mm_load_ps", '(float*)0', "xmmintrin.h"), # SSE
("_mm_prefetch", '(float*)0, _MM_HINT_NTA',
"xmmintrin.h"), # SSE
("_mm_load_pd", '(double*)0', "emmintrin.h"), # SSE2
("__builtin_prefetch", "(float*)0, 0, 3"),
]
# function attributes
# tested via "int %s %s(void *);" % (attribute, name)
# function name will be converted to HAVE_<upper-case-name> preprocessor macro
OPTIONAL_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTES = [('__attribute__((optimize("unroll-loops")))',
'attribute_optimize_unroll_loops'),
('__attribute__((optimize("O3")))',
'attribute_optimize_opt_3'),
('__attribute__((nonnull (1)))',
'attribute_nonnull'),
]
# variable attributes tested via "int %s a" % attribute
OPTIONAL_VARIABLE_ATTRIBUTES = ["__thread", "__declspec(thread)"]
# Subset of OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS which may alreay have HAVE_* defined by Python.h
OPTIONAL_STDFUNCS_MAYBE = [
"expm1", "log1p", "acosh", "atanh", "asinh", "hypot", "copysign",
"ftello", "fseeko"
]
# C99 functions: float and long double versions
C99_FUNCS = [
"sin", "cos", "tan", "sinh", "cosh", "tanh", "fabs", "floor", "ceil",
"rint", "trunc", "sqrt", "log10", "log", "log1p", "exp", "expm1",
"asin", "acos", "atan", "asinh", "acosh", "atanh", "hypot", "atan2",
"pow", "fmod", "modf", 'frexp', 'ldexp', "exp2", "log2", "copysign",
"nextafter", "cbrt"
]
C99_FUNCS_SINGLE = [f + 'f' for f in C99_FUNCS]
C99_FUNCS_EXTENDED = [f + 'l' for f in C99_FUNCS]
C99_COMPLEX_TYPES = [
'complex double', 'complex float', 'complex long double'
]
C99_COMPLEX_FUNCS = [
"cabs", "cacos", "cacosh", "carg", "casin", "casinh", "catan",
"catanh", "ccos", "ccosh", "cexp", "cimag", "clog", "conj", "cpow",
"cproj", "creal", "csin", "csinh", "csqrt", "ctan", "ctanh"
]
def fname2def(name):
return "HAVE_%s" % name.upper()
def sym2def(symbol):
define = symbol.replace(' ', '')
return define.upper()
def type2def(symbol):
define = symbol.replace(' ', '_')
return define.upper()
# Code to detect long double representation taken from MPFR m4 macro
def check_long_double_representation(cmd):
cmd._check_compiler()
body = LONG_DOUBLE_REPRESENTATION_SRC % {'type': 'long double'}
# Disable whole program optimization (the default on vs2015, with python 3.5+)
# which generates intermediary object files and prevents checking the
# float representation.
if sys.platform == "win32" and not mingw32():
try:
cmd.compiler.compile_options.remove("/GL")
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
pass
# We need to use _compile because we need the object filename
src, obj = cmd._compile(body, None, None, 'c')
try:
ltype = long_double_representation(pyod(obj))
return ltype
except ValueError:
# try linking to support CC="gcc -flto" or icc -ipo
# struct needs to be volatile so it isn't optimized away
body = body.replace('struct', 'volatile struct')
body += "int main(void) { return 0; }\n"
src, obj = cmd._compile(body, None, None, 'c')
cmd.temp_files.append("_configtest")
cmd.compiler.link_executable([obj], "_configtest")
ltype = long_double_representation(pyod("_configtest"))
return ltype
finally:
cmd._clean()
LONG_DOUBLE_REPRESENTATION_SRC = r"""
/* "before" is 16 bytes to ensure there's no padding between it and "x".
* We're not expecting any "long double" bigger than 16 bytes or with
* alignment requirements stricter than 16 bytes. */
typedef %(type)s test_type;
struct {
char before[16];
test_type x;
char after[8];
} foo = {
{ '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0',
'\001', '\043', '\105', '\147', '\211', '\253', '\315', '\357' },
-123456789.0,
{ '\376', '\334', '\272', '\230', '\166', '\124', '\062', '\020' }
};
"""
def pyod(filename):
"""Python implementation of the od UNIX utility (od -b, more exactly).
Parameters
----------
filename : str
name of the file to get the dump from.
Returns
-------
out : seq
list of lines of od output
Note
----
We only implement enough to get the necessary information for long double
representation, this is not intended as a compatible replacement for od.
"""
def _pyod2():
out = []
fid = open(filename, 'rb')
try:
yo = [int(oct(int(binascii.b2a_hex(o), 16))) for o in fid.read()]
for i in range(0, len(yo), 16):
line = ['%07d' % int(oct(i))]
line.extend(['%03d' % c for c in yo[i:i+16]])
out.append(" ".join(line))
return out
finally:
fid.close()
def _pyod3():
out = []
fid = open(filename, 'rb')
try:
yo2 = [oct(o)[2:] for o in fid.read()]
for i in range(0, len(yo2), 16):
line = ['%07d' % int(oct(i)[2:])]
line.extend(['%03d' % int(c) for c in yo2[i:i+16]])
out.append(" ".join(line))
return out
finally:
fid.close()
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
return _pyod2()
else:
return _pyod3()
_BEFORE_SEQ = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000',
'001', '043', '105', '147', '211', '253', '315', '357']
_AFTER_SEQ = ['376', '334', '272', '230', '166', '124', '062', '020']
_IEEE_DOUBLE_BE = ['301', '235', '157', '064', '124', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_DOUBLE_LE = _IEEE_DOUBLE_BE[::-1]
_INTEL_EXTENDED_12B = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '240', '242', '171', '353',
'031', '300', '000', '000']
_INTEL_EXTENDED_16B = ['000', '000', '000', '000', '240', '242', '171', '353',
'031', '300', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12B = ['300', '031', '000', '000', '353', '171',
'242', '240', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE = ['300', '031', '326', '363', '105', '100', '000', '000',
'000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000', '000']
_IEEE_QUAD_PREC_LE = _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE[::-1]
_DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE = (['301', '235', '157', '064', '124', '000', '000', '000'] +
['000'] * 8)
_DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE = (['000', '000', '000', '124', '064', '157', '235', '301'] +
['000'] * 8)
def long_double_representation(lines):
"""Given a binary dump as given by GNU od -b, look for long double
representation."""
# Read contains a list of 32 items, each item is a byte (in octal
# representation, as a string). We 'slide' over the output until read is of
# the form before_seq + content + after_sequence, where content is the long double
# representation:
# - content is 12 bytes: 80 bits Intel representation
# - content is 16 bytes: 80 bits Intel representation (64 bits) or quad precision
# - content is 8 bytes: same as double (not implemented yet)
read = [''] * 32
saw = None
for line in lines:
# we skip the first word, as od -b output an index at the beginning of
# each line
for w in line.split()[1:]:
read.pop(0)
read.append(w)
# If the end of read is equal to the after_sequence, read contains
# the long double
if read[-8:] == _AFTER_SEQ:
saw = copy.copy(read)
if read[:12] == _BEFORE_SEQ[4:]:
if read[12:-8] == _INTEL_EXTENDED_12B:
return 'INTEL_EXTENDED_12_BYTES_LE'
if read[12:-8] == _MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12B:
return 'MOTOROLA_EXTENDED_12_BYTES_BE'
elif read[:8] == _BEFORE_SEQ[8:]:
if read[8:-8] == _INTEL_EXTENDED_16B:
return 'INTEL_EXTENDED_16_BYTES_LE'
elif read[8:-8] == _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_BE:
return 'IEEE_QUAD_BE'
elif read[8:-8] == _IEEE_QUAD_PREC_LE:
return 'IEEE_QUAD_LE'
elif read[8:-8] == _DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE:
return 'DOUBLE_DOUBLE_BE'
elif read[8:-8] == _DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE:
return 'DOUBLE_DOUBLE_LE'
elif read[:16] == _BEFORE_SEQ:
if read[16:-8] == _IEEE_DOUBLE_LE:
return 'IEEE_DOUBLE_LE'
elif read[16:-8] == _IEEE_DOUBLE_BE:
return 'IEEE_DOUBLE_BE'
if saw is not None:
raise ValueError("Unrecognized format (%s)" % saw)
else:
# We never detected the after_sequence
raise ValueError("Could not lock sequences (%s)" % saw)
``` |
```objective-c
/*
===========================================================================
This file is part of Quake III Arena source code.
Quake III Arena source code is free software; you can redistribute it
or (at your option) any later version.
Quake III Arena source code is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
along with Quake III Arena source code; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
===========================================================================
*/
//
/*****************************************************************************
* name: be_ai_char.h
*
* desc: bot characters
*
* $Archive: /source/code/botlib/be_ai_char.h $
*
*****************************************************************************/
//loads a bot character from a file
int BotLoadCharacter(char *charfile, float skill);
//frees a bot character
void BotFreeCharacter(int character);
//returns a float characteristic
float Characteristic_Float(int character, int index);
//returns a bounded float characteristic
float Characteristic_BFloat(int character, int index, float min, float max);
//returns an integer characteristic
int Characteristic_Integer(int character, int index);
//returns a bounded integer characteristic
int Characteristic_BInteger(int character, int index, int min, int max);
//returns a string characteristic
void Characteristic_String(int character, int index, char *buf, int size);
//free cached bot characters
void BotShutdownCharacters(void);
``` |
Dacology () is a branch of Thracology which focuses on the scientific study of Dacia and Dacian antiquities and is a regional and thematic branch of the larger disciplines of ancient history and archaeology. A practitioner of the discipline is a Dacologist. Dacology investigates the range of ancient Dacian culture (language, literature, history, religion, art, economics, and ethics) from c. 1000 BC up to the end of Roman rule in the 4th-7th centuries. It is directly subordinated to Thracology, since Dacians are considered a branch of the Thracians by most mainstream research and historical sources. Other theories sustain that the Daco-Thracian relation is not as strong as originally thought and as such Dacology has the potential to evolve as an independent discipline from Thracology.
History
One of the first mentions of the term Dacology was made by the historian Radu Vulpe at the 2nd International Congress of Thracology in September 1976 in connection with the Romanian historians Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu and Ion I. Russu. The Romanian Thracology Institute I.G Bibicescu, part of Romanian Academy, was founded in Bucharest in the same year. One of his first directors was the thracologist Dumitru Berciu (1907–1998).
The related term Thraco-Dacology also exists, alluding to Thraco-Dacian, and one of the first uses is also from around 1980, in the Romanian government archive.
The term Dacologist has been negatively affected by the association with protochronism. Some researchers prefer to call themselves Thracologists instead of Dacologists. This choice of title is made in the context of their research being focused on the Dacians and without necessarily promoting a strong connection between the Thracians and Dacians.
Dacologists
Researchers who have been noted in the field of Dacology include:
Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu
Ion I. Russu
Radu Vulpe
Andrei Vartic
International Congress of Dacology
There have been 11 editions of the International Congress of Dacology organized so far. However, they have been organized by the controversial Dacianist group around Napoleon Săvescu, thus making the term Dacology synonymous with Protochronism in this ambiance.
See also
Dacia
Thracology
Dacian language
Thracian language
References
Bibliography
External links
Nationalism and the Representation of Society in Romanian Archaeology
La plecarea lui Andrei Vartic
Historiography of Dacia
Archaeology of Romania
Dacian archaeology |
```c++
#ifndef BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
#define BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
// Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
// path_to_url
#include <boost/cstdint.hpp> // uint_least8_t
#include <boost/integer_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/level.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/is_bitwise_serializable.hpp>
// fixes broken example build on x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-4.6.0
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
namespace boost {
namespace serialization {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( push )
#pragma warning( disable : 4244 4267 )
#endif
class item_version_type {
private:
typedef unsigned int base_type;
base_type t;
public:
// should be private - but MPI fails if it's not!!!
item_version_type(): t(0) {}
explicit item_version_type(const unsigned int t_) : t(t_){
BOOST_ASSERT(t_ <= boost::integer_traits<base_type>::const_max);
}
item_version_type(const item_version_type & t_) :
t(t_.t)
{}
item_version_type & operator=(item_version_type rhs){
t = rhs.t;
return *this;
}
// used for text output
operator base_type () const {
return t;
}
// used for text input
operator base_type & () {
return t;
}
bool operator==(const item_version_type & rhs) const {
return t == rhs.t;
}
bool operator<(const item_version_type & rhs) const {
return t < rhs.t;
}
};
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning( pop )
#endif
} } // end namespace boost::serialization
BOOST_IS_BITWISE_SERIALIZABLE(item_version_type)
BOOST_CLASS_IMPLEMENTATION(item_version_type, primitive_type)
#endif //BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ITEM_VERSION_TYPE_HPP
``` |
```html
{{ $product_link := "[Docker Hub](path_to_url" }}
{{ $domain_navigation := `Navigate to the domain settings page for your organization or company.
- Organization: Select **Organizations**, your organization, **Settings**, and then **Security**.
- Company: Select **Organizations**, your company, and then **Settings**.` }}
{{ if eq (.Get "product") "admin" }}
{{ $product_link = "the [Admin Console](path_to_url" }}
{{ $domain_navigation = "Select your organization or company in the left navigation drop-down menu, and then select **Domain management**." }}
{{ end }}
1. Sign in to {{ $product_link }}.
2. {{ $domain_navigation }}
3. Select **Add a domain**.
4. Continue with the on-screen instructions to get a verification code for
your domain as a **TXT Record Value**.
> [!NOTE]
>
> Format your domains without protocol or www information, for example,
> `yourcompany.example`. This should include all email domains and
> subdomains users will use to access Docker, for example
> `yourcompany.example` and `us.yourcompany.example`. Public domains such as
> `gmail.com`, `outlook.com`, etc. arent permitted.
> [!TIP]
>
> Make sure that the TXT record name that you create on your DNS matches
> the domain you registered on Docker in Step 4. For example,
> if you registered the subdomain `us.yourcompany.example`,
> you need to create a TXT record within the same name/zone `us`.
> A root domain such as `yourcompany.example` needs a TXT record on the
> root zone, which is typically denoted with the `@` name for the record.
5. Once you have waited 72 hours for the TXT record verification,
you can then select **Verify** next to the domain you've added,
and follow the on-screen instructions.
``` |
```objective-c
//===- SyncDependenceAnalysis.h - Divergent Branch Dependence -*- C++ -*-===//
//
// See path_to_url for license information.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
//
// \file
// This file defines the SyncDependenceAnalysis class, which computes for
// every divergent branch the set of phi nodes that the branch will make
// divergent.
//
//===your_sha256_hash------===//
#ifndef LLVM_ANALYSIS_SYNCDEPENDENCEANALYSIS_H
#define LLVM_ANALYSIS_SYNCDEPENDENCEANALYSIS_H
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>
namespace llvm {
class BasicBlock;
class DominatorTree;
class Instruction;
class LoopInfo;
class PostDominatorTree;
using ConstBlockSet = SmallPtrSet<const BasicBlock *, 4>;
struct ControlDivergenceDesc {
// Join points of divergent disjoint paths.
ConstBlockSet JoinDivBlocks;
// Divergent loop exits
ConstBlockSet LoopDivBlocks;
};
struct ModifiedPO {
std::vector<const BasicBlock *> LoopPO;
std::unordered_map<const BasicBlock *, unsigned> POIndex;
void appendBlock(const BasicBlock &BB) {
POIndex[&BB] = LoopPO.size();
LoopPO.push_back(&BB);
}
unsigned getIndexOf(const BasicBlock &BB) const {
return POIndex.find(&BB)->second;
}
unsigned size() const { return LoopPO.size(); }
const BasicBlock *getBlockAt(unsigned Idx) const { return LoopPO[Idx]; }
};
/// \brief Relates points of divergent control to join points in
/// reducible CFGs.
///
/// This analysis relates points of divergent control to points of converging
/// divergent control. The analysis requires all loops to be reducible.
class SyncDependenceAnalysis {
public:
~SyncDependenceAnalysis();
SyncDependenceAnalysis(const DominatorTree &DT, const PostDominatorTree &PDT,
const LoopInfo &LI);
/// \brief Computes divergent join points and loop exits caused by branch
/// divergence in \p Term.
///
/// The set of blocks which are reachable by disjoint paths from \p Term.
/// The set also contains loop exits if there two disjoint paths:
/// one from \p Term to the loop exit and another from \p Term to the loop
/// header. Those exit blocks are added to the returned set.
/// If L is the parent loop of \p Term and an exit of L is in the returned
/// set then L is a divergent loop.
const ControlDivergenceDesc &getJoinBlocks(const Instruction &Term);
private:
static ControlDivergenceDesc EmptyDivergenceDesc;
ModifiedPO LoopPO;
const DominatorTree &DT;
const PostDominatorTree &PDT;
const LoopInfo &LI;
std::map<const Instruction *, std::unique_ptr<ControlDivergenceDesc>>
CachedControlDivDescs;
};
} // namespace llvm
#endif // LLVM_ANALYSIS_SYNCDEPENDENCEANALYSIS_H
``` |
The Pacific Coast Conference is an American high school sports league in Orange County, California and is affiliated with CIF Southern Section. The schools are located in South and Central Orange County, California.
History
In 2019, Dana Hills High School and Laguna Hills High School announced their re-league. After votes failed, the two schools re-leagued into the PCL conference, joining baseball and wrestling powerhouses Beckman and Irvine High Schools. The PCL became an 8 team conference for the first time in 2019.
Sage Hill School joined the Pacific Coast Conference in the 2022-2023 academic year.
Schools
Arnold O. Beckman High School Patriots
Dana Hills High School Dolphins (Football only)
Irvine High School Vaqueros
Laguna Hills High School Hawks
Northwood High School Timberwolves
Portola High School Bulldogs
Sage Hill School Lightning
University High School Trojans
Woodbridge High School Warriors
Football
The Pacific Coast Conference is split into two leagues for football.
Pacific Coast League
Dana Hills High School
Irvine High School
Laguna Hills High School
Northwood High School
Sage Hill School
Pacific Hills League
Arnold O. Beckman High School
Portola High School
University High School
Woodbridge High School
References
External links
Standings for PCL high school teams
CIF Southern Section leagues
Sports in Orange County, California |
The Battle of Courtrai (11 May 1794) saw a Republican French army under Jean-Charles Pichegru oppose Coalition forces commanded by François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt. The battle was fought as part of French efforts to defeat an Allied attempt to recapture Courtrai, which the French captured in the opening days of their 1794 offensive in the Low Countries. On 10 May, a French attempt to advance east toward Tournai was turned back by the Duke of York's troops in the Battle of Willems, but resulted in York himself retreating to Tournai once he realised he had underestimated the size of the French army. On the same day as Willems, Clerfayt attacked Courtrai (now Kortrijk) from the north but made little progress. On 11 May, with York's retreat, French forces turned on Clerfayt at Courtrai after York's retreat and forced him to retreat to the north. As a result of the battle, the French Army of the North maintained their grip on Courtrai and Menin (now Menen) which it had won in late April. The fighting occurred during the War of the First Coalition near Kortrijk, Belgium, located about west of Brussels.
The battle of Courtrai refers specifically to the battle on 11 May, but the term is often also used to refer generally to both this battle and the battle of Willems together, as they were part of the same offensive.
Background
Plans
For the spring 1794 campaign, Lazare Carnot of the Committee of Public Safety devised a strategy in which the French Republican Army of the North would attack the flanks of the Coalition forces in the Austrian Netherlands, under Jean-Charles Pichegru. On the western flank, under Pichegru's personal command, 100,000 troops were ordered to strike first at Ypres, then Ghent, and finally Brussels. On the eastern flank, 100,000 soldiers would thrust toward Liège and Namur in order to cut off Austrian communications with Luxembourg City. Meanwhile, 50,000 men held the center of the French line near Bouchain and Maubeuge. The defect of this double envelopment strategy was that the Allies might throw the main weight of their forces on either French wing and crush it.
In March 1794, the Army of the North numbered 194,930 men, of which 126,035 were available for the field. Counting the 32,773 soldiers of the subordinate Army of the Ardennes, Pichegru controlled 227,703 troops. In mid-April 1794, the Army of the North units in western Flanders were, from left to right: Pierre Antoine Michaud's division (13,943) at Dunkirk, Jean Victor Marie Moreau's division (15,968) at Cassel, Joseph Souham's (31,856) division at Lille, and Pierre-Jacques Osten's brigade (7,822) at Pont-à-Marcq.
At the beginning of April 1794, the Coalition forces under the overall command of Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld were deployed as follows. With headquarters at Tournai, Clerfayt commanded a field army of 24,000 Austrians, Hanoverians, and Hessians on the Allied right wing. Clerfayt was charged with defending Menin, Ypres, Nieuport, Orchies, and Marchiennes. Ludwig von Wurmb and 5,000 troops held Denain between the right wing and center. The Duke of York and 22,000 troops formed the right-center with headquarters at Saint-Amand-les-Eaux. Coburg and 43,000 men held the Allied center with headquarters at Valenciennes. William V, Prince of Orange and 19,000 Dutch soldiers made up the left-center, with headquarters at Bavay. The left wing under Franz Wenzel, Graf von Kaunitz-Rietberg counted 27,000 Austrian and Dutch troops and covered the ground between Bettignies (near Maubeuge) and Dinant. Under the eyes of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, Coburg's main Coalition army advanced on 17 April and invested the fortress of Landrecies. The Siege of Landrecies began on 21 April and ended on 30 April with a French surrender.
Mouscron
On 26 April, Allied cavalry smashed a 20,000-man French column that intended to relieve Landrecies, inflicting 7,000 casualties and capturing its commander René-Bernard Chapuy along with Pichegru's plans for overrunning coastal Flanders. Meanwhile, the French harassed Wurmb's troops at Denain, compelling Clerfayt to send 8,000 from his right wing to their aid. On 24 April, Michaud's 12,000-man division advanced toward Nieuport and Ypres, Moreau's 21,000-strong division surrounded Menin, and Souham's 30,000-man division moved toward Courtrai, which it captured. With Pichegru's plans in his hands, Coburg sent a reinforcement of 12 infantry battalions and 10 cavalry squadrons under Sir William Erskine to the right wing and ordered Clerfayt's 8,000 men from Denain back to Tournai. It was too late; Souham defeated the badly-outnumbered Clerfayt in the Battle of Mouscron on 29 April, inflicting 2,000 casualties and capturing 23 guns. The following night, the Coalition garrison abandoned Menin. In the Allied rear areas there was a panicky retreat of supply trains headed for Ghent and Brussels.
The Allied Counteroffensive
As soon as Landrecies fell, Coburg sent York with the remainder of his corps to Tournai. Heavy rains slowed York's column so that it was 3 May before it rejoined Erskine's force at Tournai. York sent a detachment west to Marquain and Lamain to relieve 5,000 of Clerfayt's soldiers who were guarding those places. Near Tournai, York's corps numbered 18,000, Clerfayt's corps counted 19,000, and Johann Ludwig, Reichsgraf von Wallmoden-Gimborn's division had 4,000–6,000 men at Warcoing. Included in Clerfayt's total was a new British brigade under Richard Whyte (12th Foot, 38th Foot, 55th Foot, and 8th Light Dragoons) that was marching from Ostend and had not yet joined.
On 5 May, the Allied corps commanders worked out a plan where Clerfayt would cross the Lys River downstream from Courtrai and attack Courtrai from the north. At the same time, York would advance west from Tournai in order to cut off Courtrai from the French base at Lille. However, Clerfayt balked and would not budge until he got direct orders from Imperial headquarters. Eventually receiving those orders, then complied. Clerfayt's force included the following Hanoverian units: 3rd and 4th Grenadier battalions, and three squadrons of the 10th Light Dragoons. His Austrian troops consisted of 2 battalions each of Infantry Regiments Clerfayt Nr. 9 and Sztáray Nr. 33, the 3rd Battalion of Infantry Regiment Stuart Nr. 18, 8 squadrons of Latour Chevau-léger Regiment Nr. 31, and the Kaiser Dragoon Regiment Nr. 3, about 8,500 soldiers.
York believed that French forces in the area numbered 24,000. In fact, Pichegru deployed 40,000–50,000 soldiers between Menin and Courtrai. Also, Pichegru ordered the 20,000-man division of Jacques Philippe Bonnaud (Chapuy's former command) to move from Cambrai to Sainghin-en-Mélantois, covering Lille. Meanwhile, Coburg sent the divisions of Franz Joseph, Count Kinsky and Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen east toward Tournai. Other divisions under Maximilian Baillet de Latour, József Alvinczi, and Franz von Werneck went east to support Kaunitz's left wing. Coburg ordered Clerfayt to leave Tournai and attack Courtrai. Accordingly, Clerfayt set out on 8 May and crossed to the north bank of the Lys at Harelbeke. At the same time, Souham lunged toward Dottignies, but missed Clerfayt and returned to his camp at Aalbeke.
Willems
The French responded to York's and Clerfayt's advances by launching an attack on York's forces with the divisions of Souham and Bonnaud, and the brigades of Compere and Thierry--all the forces available in the area between the Scheldt and the Lys. However, Bonnaud was pushed back with loss at the battle of Willems through York's skilful use of cavalry, which led to the withdrawal of the other units involved in the offensive, as the then-prevalent cordon doctrine of warfare dictated that units of an army should advance and withdraw spread out but in line with each other, placing equal pressure on an enemy army at all points. While victorious, Willems had given York a much clearer idea of just how many French were in his front, and, realising he was badly outnumbered, he withdrew back to Tournai calling for reinforcements. York's withdrawal enabled the French to now give their full attention to Clerfayt.
Battle
On 10 May, Clerfayt had encountered a French brigade under Dominique Vandamme, who was guarding the north bank of the Lys at Heule, and drove it back to the outskirts of Courtrai. Vandamme's brigade belonged to Moreau's division. The Coalition troops forced their way into the suburb and might have seized Courtrai itself, had Clerfayt pressed the assault. However, Clerfayt, whose leadership was often marked by hesitation and inertia, chose to stop where he was for the day.
Acting on Pichegru's orders, Souham, who had withdrawn back to Aalbeke at the end of the day after the battle of Willems, turned his division back toward Courtrai. On 11 May, Souham sent the brigades of Daendels and Winter to reinforce Vandamme at Courtrai. Meanwhile, Souham ordered the brigades of Macdonald and Malbrancq to cross the Lys at Menin, and move northeast against Clerfayt. The battle started at 3:00 pm and lasted until 10:00 pm. At first, Clerfayt's troops defended themselves stoutly, but by 6:00 pm Vandamme, Daendels, and Winter cleared their enemies from the Courtrai suburb. Soon after, Clerfayt unleashed a cavalry charge which dispersed Daendels' brigade. However, at this time Malbrancq's brigade was able to join the fighting, the bulk of which was now centred at Lendelede, 4 mi (6 km) north of Courtrai. Macdonald's brigade was unable to reach the battlefield before the end of the battle, only getting as far as Moorsele.
During the fighting, Clerfayt's left wing had been forced back, cutting his lines of communication with York. Separated from the main Allied forces to the east and pushed back from his objective by superior forces, Clerfayt acknowledged defeat at the end of the day and ordered a withdrawal toward Tielt under cover of darkness. According to one source, both sides sustained 1,200 casualties and the Austrians lost Lieutenant Field Marshal Franz Xaver von Wenckheim killed. A second source stated that Allied losses were 1,500 men and 2 guns. A third source assigned 1,500 casualties to the Allies and 1,000 casualties to the French.
Aftermath
On 12 May, there was a clash at Ingelmunster as the French pursued Clerfayt's retreating column. On the French side, Vandamme employed 8,000 infantry, 1,000 cavalry, and 15 12-pounder cannons. He was opposed by the following Hesse-Darmstadt troops led by General von Düring: Light Infantry Battalion, Leib-Grenadiers (2nd Battalion), Landgraf Infantry Regiment (1st Battalion), 4 squadrons of Chevau-légers, and 8 guns. The Austrian 2nd Battalion of Infantry Regiment Callenberg Nr. 54 and 2 guns were also engaged. The Hesse-Darmstadt troops lost 47 killed, 181 wounded, and 3 captured, plus 2 cannons. Austrian and French losses are not given. Clerfayt was joined at Ingelmunster by Whyte's British brigade which helped discourage pursuit.
Historian Ramsay Weston Phipps wondered why the Allies split their forces before the battle and sent Clerfayt north to Courtrai while York remained near Tournai. He wrote that they might have "been kept together to strike one heavy blow in the rear of the two French divisions at Courtrai and Menin". Fortescue called Clerfayt's 10 May attack on Courtrai "feeble". He criticized the British army's lack of horse artillery, which might have broken the French squares at Willems sooner and caused heavier losses. Fortescue wrote that the Austrian strategists failed to see that throwing their entire strength on one of the French wings might have crushed their enemies.
Following the battle of Courtrai, Coburg, whose main forces were still around Landrecies, was torn between concentrating on his right wing with York and Clerfayt against Pichegru, or on his left wing with Prince Kaunitz against the French forces on the Sambre river under Generals Desjardins and Charbonnier. Kaunitz's victory at the battle of Grandreng reassured Coburg, and he opted to move to Tournai, where his main army would launch another attack within a week, at the battle of Tourcoing.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
Further reading
French conquest of the Austrian Netherlands
Battles involving Great Britain
Battles involving Hanover
Battle of Courtrai (1794)
Conflicts in 1794
1794 in the Habsburg monarchy
1794 in the Holy Roman Empire |
Iona Station is a hamlet located on the border of Dutton-Dunwich and Southwold townships, in Elgin County, Ontario, Canada.The "station" in the name was on the Canada Southern Railroad owned by the Michigan Central Railroad, later by the New York Central Railroad.
The Canadian economist John Kenneth Galbraith (1908–2006) was born in Iona Station.
The Iona Station General store (which is closed now) was operated by D.J. McBride and was taken over by his son, Arthur. At the same time a blacksmith shop on the east side of the townline was operated by Harold "Boots" Dundas.
During the early years, the children of the community went to S.S.#6 Dunwich – a one-room school house, located on the southwest corner of Shakleton Road and Iona Line. The school house has since been demolished and replaced by a private residence.
The farmhouse and barn of Wayne Kellestine, convicted in the 2006 Shedden Massacre, is located nearby.
See also
List of communities in Ontario
References
Communities in Elgin County |
```java
/*
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package org.apache.shardingsphere.encrypt.checker.sql;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.encrypt.exception.syntax.UnsupportedEncryptSQLException;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.encrypt.rule.EncryptRule;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.encrypt.rule.column.EncryptColumn;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.encrypt.rule.table.EncryptTable;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.binder.context.segment.select.orderby.OrderByItem;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.binder.context.segment.table.TablesContext;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.binder.context.statement.dml.SelectStatementContext;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.database.core.DefaultDatabase;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.database.core.metadata.database.enums.NullsOrderType;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.database.core.type.DatabaseType;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.metadata.database.schema.model.ShardingSphereSchema;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.spi.type.typed.TypedSPILoader;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.enums.OrderDirection;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.dml.column.ColumnSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.dml.order.item.ColumnOrderByItemSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.generic.AliasSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.generic.OwnerSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.generic.table.SimpleTableSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.generic.table.TableNameSegment;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.value.identifier.IdentifierValue;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Optional;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
class EncryptOrderByItemSupportedCheckerTest {
private final DatabaseType databaseType = TypedSPILoader.getService(DatabaseType.class, "FIXTURE");
@Test
void assertCheck() {
assertThrows(UnsupportedEncryptSQLException.class, () -> new EncryptOrderByItemSupportedChecker().check(mockEncryptRule(), mock(ShardingSphereSchema.class), buildSelectStatementContext()));
}
private EncryptRule mockEncryptRule() {
EncryptRule result = mock(EncryptRule.class);
EncryptTable encryptTable = mock(EncryptTable.class);
when(encryptTable.isEncryptColumn("certificate_number")).thenReturn(true);
EncryptColumn encryptColumn = mock(EncryptColumn.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
when(encryptColumn.getAssistedQuery()).thenReturn(Optional.empty());
when(encryptTable.getEncryptColumn("certificate_number")).thenReturn(encryptColumn);
when(result.findEncryptTable("t_encrypt")).thenReturn(Optional.of(encryptTable));
return result;
}
private SelectStatementContext buildSelectStatementContext() {
SimpleTableSegment simpleTableSegment = new SimpleTableSegment(new TableNameSegment(0, 0, new IdentifierValue("t_encrypt")));
simpleTableSegment.setAlias(new AliasSegment(0, 0, new IdentifierValue("a")));
ColumnSegment columnSegment = new ColumnSegment(0, 0, new IdentifierValue("certificate_number"));
columnSegment.setOwner(new OwnerSegment(0, 0, new IdentifierValue("a")));
SelectStatementContext result = mock(SelectStatementContext.class, RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
when(result.getDatabaseType()).thenReturn(databaseType);
ColumnOrderByItemSegment columnOrderByItemSegment = new ColumnOrderByItemSegment(columnSegment, OrderDirection.ASC, NullsOrderType.FIRST);
OrderByItem orderByItem = new OrderByItem(columnOrderByItemSegment);
when(result.getOrderByContext().getItems()).thenReturn(Collections.singleton(orderByItem));
when(result.getGroupByContext().getItems()).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());
when(result.getSubqueryContexts().values()).thenReturn(Collections.emptyList());
when(result.getTablesContext()).thenReturn(new TablesContext(Collections.singleton(simpleTableSegment), databaseType, DefaultDatabase.LOGIC_NAME));
return result;
}
}
``` |
```java
/*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
* list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
* ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
* (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
package net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NonNull;
import net.runelite.api.Varbits;
import net.runelite.api.annotations.Varbit;
import net.runelite.api.coords.LocalPoint;
import net.runelite.api.coords.WorldPoint;
import net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.ClueScrollPlugin;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ANCIENT_WIZARDS;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ARMADYLEAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.BANDOSIAN_GUARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.BRASSICAN_MAGE;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.SARADOMIN_WIZARD;
import static net.runelite.client.plugins.cluescrolls.clues.Enemy.ZAMORAK_WIZARD;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.OverlayUtil;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.LineComponent;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.PanelComponent;
import net.runelite.client.ui.overlay.components.TitleComponent;
@Getter
public class CoordinateClue extends ClueScroll implements LocationClueScroll
{
@Getter
private static class CoordinateClueInfo
{
private final String directions;
private final boolean lightRequired;
@Getter(onMethod_ = {@Varbit})
private final int lightSourceVarbitId;
private final Enemy enemy;
private CoordinateClueInfo(@NonNull String directions)
{
this(directions, null);
}
private CoordinateClueInfo(@NonNull String directions, Enemy enemy)
{
this.directions = directions;
this.enemy = enemy;
this.lightRequired = false;
this.lightSourceVarbitId = -1;
}
private CoordinateClueInfo(@Nonnull String directions, Enemy enemy, boolean lightRequired, @Varbit int lightSourceVarbitId)
{
this.directions = directions;
this.enemy = enemy;
this.lightRequired = lightRequired;
this.lightSourceVarbitId = lightSourceVarbitId;
}
}
static final ImmutableMap<WorldPoint, CoordinateClueInfo> CLUES = new ImmutableMap.Builder<WorldPoint, CoordinateClueInfo>()
// Medium
.put(new WorldPoint(2479, 3158, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of fruit tree patch, west of Tree Gnome Village."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2887, 3154, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Banana plantation on Karamja."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2743, 3151, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Entrance of Brimhaven dungeon."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3184, 3150, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Lumbridge Swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3217, 3177, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Lumbridge Swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3007, 3144, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Near the entrance to the Asgarnian Ice Dungeon, south of Port Sarim (AIQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2896, 3119, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Near Karambwan fishing spot (DKP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2697, 3207, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Centre of Moss Giant Island, west of Brimhaven."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2679, 3110, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Hazelmere's house (CLS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3510, 3074, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Uzer (DLQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3160, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of trapdoor leading to H.A.M Hideout."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2643, 3252, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Ardougne Zoo, North of Tower of Life (DJP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2322, 3061, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Castle wars (BKP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2875, 3046, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of nature altar, north of Shilo Village (CKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2849, 3033, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of nature altar, north of Shilo Village (CKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2848, 3296, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Crandor island."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2583, 2990, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Feldip Hills, south-east of Gu'Thanoth (AKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3179, 3344, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In the cow pen north of the Lumbridge windmill."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2383, 3370, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of the outpost"))
.put(new WorldPoint(3312, 3375, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-west of Exam Centre, on the hill."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3121, 3384, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Draynor Manor, near River Lum."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3430, 3388, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Mort Myre Swamp (BKR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2920, 3403, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Taverley, near Lady of the Lake."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2594, 2899, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Feldip Hills, by the crimson swifts (AKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2387, 3435, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Tree Gnome Stronghold, near the pen containing terrorbirds."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2512, 3467, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Baxtorian Falls (Bring rope)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2381, 3468, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Tree Gnome Stronghold, north of the pen with terrorbirds."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3005, 3475, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ice Mountain, west of Edgeville Monastery."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2585, 3505, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("By the shore line north of the Coal Trucks."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3443, 3515, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Slayer Tower (CKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2416, 3516, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Tree Gnome Stronghold, west of Grand Tree, near swamp."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3429, 3523, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Slayer Tower (CKS)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2363, 3531, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Eagles' Peak (AKQ)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2919, 3535, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Burthorpe pub."))
.put(new WorldPoint(3548, 3560, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Inside Fenkenstrain's Castle."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1476, 3566, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Graveyard of Heroes in west Shayzien."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2735, 3638, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Rellekka, north-west of Golden Apple Tree (AJR)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2681, 3653, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Rellekka, in the garden of the south-east house."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2537, 3881, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Miscellania (CIP)."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2828, 3234, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Southern coast of Crandor."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1247, 3726, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Just inside the Farming Guild"))
.put(new WorldPoint(3770, 3898, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the small island north-east of Fossil Island's mushroom forest."))
.put(new WorldPoint(1659, 3111, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Dig west of the Bazaar in Civitas illa Fortis."))
// Hard
.put(new WorldPoint(2209, 3161, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Tyras Camp (BJS if 76 Agility).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2181, 3206, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Iorwerth Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3081, 3209, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island (CLP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3399, 3246, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Behind the PvP Arena."))
.put(new WorldPoint(2699, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Little island (AIR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3546, 3251, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Burgh de Rott.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3544, 3256, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Burgh de Rott.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2841, 3267, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crandor island.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3168, 3041, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Bedabin Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2542, 3031, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Gu'Tanoth, may require 20gp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2581, 3030, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Gu'Tanoth island, enter cave north-west of Feldip Hills (AKS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2961, 3024, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ship yard (DKP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2339, 3311, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Prifddinas on Arandar mountain pass.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3440, 3341, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Nature Spirit's grotto (BIP).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2763, 2974, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Cairn Isle, west of Shilo Village (CKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3138, 2969, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Bandit Camp in Kharidian Desert.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2924, 2963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the southern part of eastern Karamja, west of the gnome glider.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2838, 2914, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Kharazi Jungle, near water pool (CKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3441, 3419, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Mort Myre Swamp (BKR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2950, 2902, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-east of Kharazi Jungle.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2775, 2891, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Kharazi Jungle.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3113, 3602, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-west of Ferox Enclave (level 11).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2892, 3675, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On the summit of Trollheim.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3168, 3677, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Graveyard of Shadows.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2853, 3690, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Entrance to the troll Stronghold.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3305, 3692, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of eastern green dragons.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3055, 3696, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Bandit Camp.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3302, 3696, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of eastern green dragons.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1479, 3699, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lizardman Canyon (DJR).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2712, 3732, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Rellekka (DKS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2970, 3749, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Forgotten Cemetery.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3094, 3764, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Mining site north of Bandit Camp.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3311, 3769, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South of the Silk Chasm (Venenatis).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1460, 3782, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lovakengj, near burning man.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3244, 3792, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-east of Lava Dragon Isle by some Chaos Dwarves.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3140, 3804, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of black chinchompa hunter area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2946, 3819, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Chaos Temple (level 38).", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3771, 3825, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Fossil Island. East of Museum Camp.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3013, 3846, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of Lava Maze, before KBD's lair.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3058, 3884, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Near runite ore north of Lava Maze.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3290, 3889, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Demonic Ruins.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3770, 3897, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island north of Fossil Island.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2505, 3899, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small Island north-west of Miscellania (AJS).", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3285, 3942, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Rogues' Castle.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3159, 3959, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Deserted Keep, west of Resource Area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3039, 3960, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Pirates' Hideout.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2987, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. West of Wilderness Agility Course.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3189, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Resource Area, near magic axe hut.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2341, 3697, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of the Piscatoris Fishing Colony bank.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3143, 3774, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In level 32 Wilderness, by the black chinchompa hunting area.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2970, 3913, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Frozen Waste Plateau, south-west of Wilderness Agility Course.", ZAMORAK_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1410, 3611, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lake Molch dock west of Shayzien Encampment.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1409, 3483, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Shayziens' Wall.", SARADOMIN_WIZARD))
// Elite
.put(new WorldPoint(2357, 3151, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lletya.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3587, 3180, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Meiyerditch.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2820, 3078, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Tai Bwo Wannai. Hardwood Grove. 100 Trading sticks or elite Karamja diary completion is needed to enter.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3811, 3060, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small island north-east of Mos Le'Harmless.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD, true, Varbits.FIRE_PIT_MOS_LE_HARMLESS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2180, 3282, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Iorwerth Camp.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2870, 2997, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east corner in Shilo Village.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3302, 2988, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("On top of a cliff to the west of Pollnivneach.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2511, 2980, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Just south of Gu'Tanoth, west of gnome glider (AKS).", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2732, 3372, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Legends' Guild.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3573, 3425, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Dessous's tomb from Desert Treasure.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3828, 2848, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Harmony Island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3225, 2838, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Desert Treasure pyramid.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1773, 3510, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ruins north of the Hosidius mine.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3822, 3562, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east of Dragontooth Island. Bring a Ghostspeak Amulet and 25 Ecto-tokens to reach the island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3603, 3564, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of the wrecked ship, outside of Port Phasmatys.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2936, 2721, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Eastern shore of Crash Island.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2697, 2705, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South-west of Ape Atoll.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2778, 3678, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Mountain Camp.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2827, 3740, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of the entrance to the Ice Path, where the Troll child resides.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2359, 3799, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Neitiznot.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2194, 3807, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Pirates' Cove.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2700, 3808, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northwestern part of the Trollweiss and Rellekka Hunter area (DKS).", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3215, 3835, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Lava Dragon Isle.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3369, 3894, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Fountain of Rune.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2065, 3923, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Outside the western wall on Lunar Isle.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3188, 3933, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Resource Area. An entry fee of 7,500 coins is required, or less if Wilderness Diaries have been completed.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3043, 3940, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South of Pirates' Hideout.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3380, 3963, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. North of Volcano.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3051, 3736, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of the Wilderness Obelisk in 28 Wilderness.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2316, 3814, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West of Neitiznot, near the bridge.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2872, 3937, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Weiss.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2484, 4016, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northeast corner of the Island of Stone.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2222, 3331, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Prifddinas, west of the Tower of Voices", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3560, 3987, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Lithkren. Digsite pendant teleport if unlocked, otherwise take rowboat from west of Mushroom Meadow Mushtree.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2318, 2954, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North-east corner of the Isle of Souls (BJP).", BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(2094, 2889, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West side of the Isle of Souls.", ARMADYLEAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1451, 3509, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Ruins of Morra.", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(3318, 2706, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Necropolis mine", ARMADYLEAN_OR_BANDOSIAN_GUARD))
.put(new WorldPoint(1557, 3183, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Ortus Farm", ARMADYLEAN_GUARD))
// Master
.put(new WorldPoint(2178, 3209, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Iorwerth Camp.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2155, 3100, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Port Tyras (BJS if 76 Agility).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2217, 3092, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Poison Waste island (DLR).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3830, 3060, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Small island located north-east of Mos Le'Harmless.", BRASSICAN_MAGE, true, Varbits.FIRE_PIT_MOS_LE_HARMLESS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2834, 3271, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crandor island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2732, 3284, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Witchaven.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3622, 3320, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Meiyerditch. Outside mine.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2303, 3328, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("East of Prifddinas.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3570, 3405, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of Dessous's tomb from Desert Treasure.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2840, 3423, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Water Obelisk Island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3604, 3564, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("North of the wrecked ship, outside of Port Phasmatys (ALQ).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3085, 3569, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Obelisk of Air.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2934, 2727, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Eastern shore of Crash Island.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1451, 3695, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("West side of Lizardman Canyon with Lizardman shaman.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2538, 3739, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Waterbirth Island. Bring a pet rock and rune thrownaxe OR have 85 agility.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1248, 3751, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("In the north wing of the Farming Guild.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1698, 3792, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Arceuus church.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2951, 3820, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Chaos Temple (level 38).", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(2202, 3825, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Pirates' Cove, between Lunar Isle and Rellekka.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(1761, 3853, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Arceuus essence mine (CIS).", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(2090, 3863, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("South of Lunar Isle, west of Astral altar.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(1442, 3878, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Northern area of the Lovakengj Sulphur Mine. Facemask or Slayer Helmet recommended.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3380, 3929, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Near Volcano.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(3188, 3939, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. Resource Area.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(3304, 3941, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. East of Rogues' Castle.", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.put(new WorldPoint(3028, 3928, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Wilderness. South-east of Agility Training Area.", BRASSICAN_MAGE))
.put(new WorldPoint(1769, 3418, 0), new CoordinateClueInfo("Crabclaw Isle", ANCIENT_WIZARDS))
.build();
private final String text;
@Getter(AccessLevel.PRIVATE)
private final WorldPoint location;
/**
* For regions which are mirrored, the location of the clue in the mirrored region.
*/
@Nullable
private final WorldPoint mirrorLocation;
public CoordinateClue(String text, WorldPoint location, WorldPoint mirrorLocation)
{
this.text = text;
this.location = location;
this.mirrorLocation = mirrorLocation;
final CoordinateClueInfo clueInfo = CLUES.get(location);
if (clueInfo != null)
{
setFirePitVarbitId(clueInfo.getLightSourceVarbitId());
setRequiresLight(clueInfo.lightRequired);
setEnemy(clueInfo.getEnemy());
}
setRequiresSpade(true);
}
@Override
public WorldPoint getLocation(ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
return location;
}
@Override
public WorldPoint[] getLocations(ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
if (mirrorLocation != null)
{
return new WorldPoint[]{location, mirrorLocation};
}
else
{
return new WorldPoint[]{location};
}
}
@Override
public void makeOverlayHint(PanelComponent panelComponent, ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
panelComponent.getChildren().add(TitleComponent.builder().text("Coordinate Clue").build());
final CoordinateClueInfo solution = CLUES.get(location);
if (solution != null)
{
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder()
.left(solution.getDirections())
.build());
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder().build());
}
panelComponent.getChildren().add(LineComponent.builder()
.left("Click the clue scroll on your world map to see dig location.")
.build());
renderOverlayNote(panelComponent, plugin);
}
@Override
public void makeWorldOverlayHint(Graphics2D graphics, ClueScrollPlugin plugin)
{
for (WorldPoint worldPoint : getLocations(plugin))
{
LocalPoint localLocation = LocalPoint.fromWorld(plugin.getClient(), worldPoint);
if (localLocation != null)
{
OverlayUtil.renderTileOverlay(plugin.getClient(), graphics, localLocation, plugin.getSpadeImage(), Color.ORANGE);
}
}
}
@Override
public int[] getConfigKeys()
{
return new int[]{location.hashCode()};
}
}
``` |
Pigeon River is an unincorporated community in Cook County, Minnesota, United States; located four miles north of the community of Grand Portage.
The community is situated on the banks of the Pigeon River, which serves as part of the Canada–United States border.
Pigeon River is located at the intersection of Cook County Road 89 and Joe's Road. The community is near the tip of Minnesota's Arrowhead Region in the extreme northeast part of the state. Pigeon River is located within the Grand Portage Indian Reservation.
The Grand Portage National Monument is nearby.
Education
All of the county is zoned to Cook County ISD 166.
References
Unincorporated communities in Cook County, Minnesota
Unincorporated communities in Minnesota
Minnesota populated places on Lake Superior |
Karl Heinrich von Nassau-Siegen (; 5 January 1743 – 10 April 1808), was a French-born fortune-seeker and adventurer active in Spain, Poland and the Russian Empire. A controversial figure, he was best known as Catherine II's least successful naval commander.
Charles Henry, in Catherine II's own words, "had everywhere the reputation of a crazy fellow". He sailed around the world with Bougainville, "fought tigers bare-handed" in Central Africa and reportedly seduced the Queen of Tahiti. His tiger hunt is the subject of a vast canvas by Francesco Casanova.
Life
He was the son of Maximilien Guillaume Adolphe of Nassau-Siegen (d. 1748) and his wife Amicie de Monchy (d. 1752). Charles Henry's family and title were disputed. His father was in 1756 posthumously recognized in France to be a legitimate son of Emmanuel Ignatius of Nassau-Siegen, in turn the youngest son of Prince Johan Franz of Nassau-Siegen by his third (and morganatic) wife, Isabella Clara du Puget de la Serre. Emmanuel Ignatius (d. 1735) had an unhappy union with the French noblewoman Charlotte de Mailly-Nesle (d. 1769) and became separated from her after a few years of marriage, during which they had two short-lived sons; years later (in 1722) they reconciled, and Emmanuel Ignatius recognized the third and only surviving son of his wife, the aforementioned Maximilien Guillaume Adolphe, as his own; however, shortly before his death (26 August 1734), he repudiated the child, declaring him adulterous.
Citing descent from a princely dynasty in the male-line, Charles Henry claimed that under French law he was entitled to style himself "Prince of Nassau-Siegen", but neither title nor rank was recognized by the House of Nassau-Siegen or the Holy Roman Empire, which had declared his official grandfather, Emmanuel Ignatius de Nassau-Siegen, legitimate but born from a morganatic marriage.
Charles Henry entered the French Navy at the age of 15, but led a dissolute life as a gambler at the royal courts of Vienna, Warsaw, Madrid and Versailles.
Probably to escape his creditors, he joined the 1766 expedition of Louis Antoine de Bougainville to explore the South Pacific Ocean. On this expedition, he was able to develop his diplomatic skills in establishing contacts with the natives. For instance, in 1768 he was able to convince King Ereti of Tahiti of the peaceful intentions of the French.
As a French officer, Nassau-Siegen failed in his hastily prepared attack on the isle of Jersey (1779). For commanding the fireships at the siege of Gibraltar, Nassau-Siegen received from Spain three millions of francs and the dignity of Grandee of Spain. At Spa he met his future wife, Polish Countess Karolina Gozdzka, who was recently divorced Prince Sanguszko and the owner of a small estate in Podolia, then in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
In 1786 Nassau-Siegen arrived in Russia, seeking to make an impression on the powerful Prince Potemkin. He accompanied the Empress in her journey through the provinces of New Russia and was put in charge of the Dnieper Flotilla. After routing the Turks at Ochakov, he wrote to his wife that the spectacle of the Turkish fleet was "better than a ball in Warsaw".
According to John Paul Jones (who served under Nassau-Siegen's command), the putative prince sought to exaggerate his success to the utmost. He won the Order of St. Andrew after the Battle of Svensksund (1789) defeating the Swedes, but failed in stopping the Swedish fleet from breaking out in the Battle of Vyborg Bay in July 1790.
He was on the 9th of July 1790 decisively defeated by the Swedes at the second Battle of Svenskund. Despite this defeat, Nassau-Siegen was promoted to admiral by the Tsarina. Nassau-Siegen's military incompetence forced him to seek retirement. He left Russia in 1792 for the Rhine, to fight the French Revolution. But after the Peace of Amiens in 1802, he returned to France, where he solicited without success a position in Napoleon's army. He returned to his estate at Tynna in Podolia in 1808, which was seized by Russia after the Partitions of Poland.
The first plans of Russia's attack on India through Khiva and Bukhara are ascribed to Nassau-Siegen.
He had married in 1780 Karolina Gozdzka (1747-1807), but had no children. The location of his former palace in Warsaw has been since parcelled and transformed into residential units and park along Dynasy Street, the name of which is derived from De Nassau. The remaining ruins of the palace were demolished in the 1930s.
Decorations
1774: Order of the White Eagle
1788: Order of St. George
1789: Order of St. Andrew
References
House of Nassau
Imperial Russian Navy admirals
Circumnavigators of the globe
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
Grandees of Spain
1743 births
1808 deaths
People from Somme (department) |
Lamar Dupré Calhoun (November 18, 1971 – January 9, 2017), better known as DJ Crazy Toones, was an American hip hop producer and deejay. He was a member of the rap group WC and the Maad Circle and was later signed to Ice Cube's Lench Mob Records.
Calhoun was born in Houston, Texas but grew up in Los Angeles, CA and was the brother of WC.
Calhoun died from a heart attack on January 9, 2017, at the age of 45.
Discography
Collaboration albums
Ain't a Damn Thang Changed with WC and the Maad Circle (1991)
Curb Servin' with WC and the Maad Circle (1995)
Mixtapes
That Nigga's Crazy: Maad Circle Underground (Part 1) (1996)
CT Experience (2006)
On the Back Streets with Kokane (2010)
References
External links
1971 births
2017 deaths
American hip hop DJs
Artists from Houston
Place of death missing
American hip hop record producers
WC and the Maad Circle members
Record producers from Texas |
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