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65845398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebutia%20steinbachii | Rebutia steinbachii | Rebutia steinbachii, called Steinbach's crown cactus, is a species of cactus in the genus Rebutia, native to Bolivia. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Subspecies
The following subspecies are currently accepted:
Rebutia steinbachii subsp. verticillacantha (F.Ritter) Donald ex D.R.Hunt
References
steinbachii
Endemic flora of Bolivia
Plants described in 1931 |
6047116 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduardo%20Arellano%20El%C3%ADas | Eduardo Arellano Elías | Eduardo Arellano Elías (1959 in Zacatecas – 2004 in Mexicali) was a Mexican poet.
Personal life
Elías graduated from Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, and has lived in Baja California since 1988. He was a father of two; his eldest is named Rodrigo Arellano Sada, and youngest is Lorena Arellano Sada.
Writing
As a translator, Elías published "La revolución del desierto" by Lowel L. Blaisdell (1990). As an author, he published "Diáspora o pasión" (1984), "Desierto de la palabra" (1994), "La tierra destinada" (1999), and "Esas plazas insomnes" (2003).
Other works
In 2000, he was part of the Instituto Municipal de Arte y Cultura de Tijuana' council, and for several years was a lecturer at Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
1959 births
2004 deaths
Autonomous University of Nuevo León alumni
Mexican male poets
People from Zacatecas City
20th-century Mexican poets
20th-century Mexican male writers
Mexican translators
20th-century translators |
28799152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube%20Instant | YouTube Instant | YouTube Instant is a real-time search engine built and launched in September 2010 by nineteen-year-old college student and Facebook-software-engineer intern Feross Aboukhadijeh of Stanford University that allows its users to search the YouTube video database as they type. It follows on the heels of Google Instant, and has been described as a "novelty toy", a "prototypal digit to tie the "instant" bandwagon" as well as a "completely excellent way to waste 15 minutes".
Aboukhadijeh was offered a job from YouTube CEO Chad Hurley shortly after he created the site.
At the point of YouTube Instant's creation, Aboukhadijeh was a summer intern at Facebook, and has said that he was working on a secret Facebook project.
Origins
The launch of YouTube Instant was announced by Aboukhadijeh on Y Combinator’s Hacker News feed. It is modelled after Google Instant — as a user types in the video they are looking for, "the engine guesses the video and begins playing it immediately."
The project started off as a bet with his college roommate. Aboukhadijeh was quoted as saying, "It started out as a bet with my roommate, Jake Becker. I bet him I could build real-time YouTube search in less than an hour." Aboukhadijeh lost the bet, for it took him three hours to complete the site, and another couple hours to polish it. Aboukhadijeh said he found it "surprisingly easy to build".
Aboukhadijeh built the site by using the YouTube API. He scraped YouTube search suggestions because Google blocked his server for making far too many repeated requests to the search suggestion endpoint. Aboukhadijeh had to re-write the site to instead query YouTube directly for search suggestions, "eliminating the round-trip to [his] server", in order to address the problem.
Description
The YouTube Instant interface, which looks similar to the YouTube front page consists of a box designed for a user to type in his search letter or phrase. As each letter of the search phrase is typed in, the server goes out into "YouTube video land" and tries to find matches for the search term similarly to current Google Instant search.
YouTube Instant is essentially a free utility that strips down the normal YouTube interface to easily include a search bar, as well as a single and central video display as well as five smaller displays below it to present the top five searches based on the user's input. As the user types in text into the search bar, YouTube Instant instantly identifies a best match and, after a short pause to confirm that the user is happy with the match, plays the video in the central display. Beneath this, users are also presented with a smaller version of the file that is being played with a simple play and pause function as well as four other strong matches that the user can opt to select and play in the central panel instead.
YouTube Instant, as Aboukhadijeh said, would be most useful when one is "looking for a serendipitous video browsing experience". In comparison with Google Instant, it might not be as useful if "you know exactly what you’re looking for, since you’re shown distracting YouTube videos on the way to your destination", said Aboukhadijeh. He continues by saying that he thinks this is perfect for many internet users.
YouTube Instant presents itself as a "streamlined, neatly presented microcosm" of the YouTube universe, which provides a simple and effective means of finding and playing a specific file. Like Google Instant, as soon as the user starts typing into the search bar, the utility looks for matches, and presents a file name to the right of the bar (in a distinctive and quite stylish script), which changes as you continue to type, predicting the best fit based on your input. It is virtually ‘instant’, as the name would suggest, and greatly reduces the time taken to find a file compared to the full version of YouTube.
Limitations
YouTube Instant possesses very little of the functionality offered by YouTube. Both the name of the file and the user name of the individual that uploaded it are not shown to the user. Also, there are no account-based features either, so the user cannot, for example, log into his/her existing YouTube account and add a file to his/her favorites.
Public response
Aboukhadijeh was quoted as saying "there was craziness," describing the response to the creation of YouTube Instant. And by "craziness," Aboukhadijeh referred to the viral whirlwind that was generated: he was greeted by e-mails congratulating him, interview requests, and a server flooded with Web traffic. Within six days, YouTube Instant had seen 715,000 visitors. There was news coverage by media outlets
such as the New York Times, Sydney Morning Herald, and Washington Post. Perhaps one of the puzzles of the buzz that YouTube Instant has created is how YouTube Instant went viral. "I think after things cool down a bit, I should carefully consider how exactly YouTube Instant went viral and write up a blog post to share my thoughts about it all," Aboukhadijeh has said.
Meeting with Chad Hurley
Most notable was the job offer from YouTube CEO Chad Hurley via Twitter. "Want a Job?" Hurley asked, to which Aboukhadijeh, who uses the Twitter handle FreeTheFeross, replied, "Is that a for-real offer?" Hurley then asked if Aboukhadijeh was "ready to leave school." A meeting between Aboukhadijeh and Hurley at YouTube's San Bruno, California, headquarters was scheduled for September 13, 2010. Aboukhadijeh stated "I haven't actually accepted the YouTube offer yet. We're still figuring out how this is all going to work out, and nothing's final yet. However, Chad and the engineers I spoke with were excited about the possibilities." MediaMemo however claimed that Aboukhadijeh "can't go work for Chad Hurley, because he’s already working for Mark Zuckerberg". Aboukhadijeh disagreed with this claim, telling CNN that he did not see how working at Facebook over summer would "prohibit his taking a job at YouTube".
Spin-offs
There was suddenly a rush to develop an ‘Instant’ version of every popular online brand. Shortly after the creation of YouTube Instant came the creation of Google Maps Instant, iTunes Instant, Instant Dictionary, Instant PubMed, WikInstant.com, Instant Wikipedia. In particular, it was Michael Hart who put Google Images Instant together in less than two hours. He accompanied both apps with a notice that says: "Btw, Google: I’m looking for a job too! Congrats Feross Aboukhadijeh!", a direct reference to YouTube Co-Founder and CEO Chad Hurley's public job offer to the person behind YouTube Instant. It was Scottish engineer Tam Denholm who decided to wrap another layer around the concept of "instantization" by creating a mashup of these services called "Instantise," "which slaps all instant-based Web activity onto a single landing page for easier discovery and use."
See also
Social impact of YouTube
References
External links
YouTube
Computer-related introductions in 2010 |
1867829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Doocy | Steve Doocy | Stephen James Doocy (; born October 19, 1956) is an American television host, political commentator, and author. He is an anchor of Fox & Friends on the Fox News Channel.
Early life and education
Doocy was born in Algona, Iowa, the first child and only son of James "Jim" Edward Doocy, who worked in sales and construction, and JoAnne Doocy, née Sharp. His paternal grandfather was of Irish descent, and his maternal grandmother of Swedish descent. He was raised in Industry, Kansas, and attended Kansas grade schools in Russell, Salina, and Industry. Doocy went to junior high in Wakefield and high school in Clay Center, Kansas. He graduated from the University of Kansas, in Lawrence, with a Bachelor of Science in journalism. He was the first on-air disc jockey for KJHK radio, the student-operated radio station at 90.7 FM in Lawrence.
Career
Doocy started his television career with reporter jobs at TV stations in Topeka, Des Moines, Wichita, and Kansas City. His first major market assignment was as a features reporter for WRC, in Washington, D.C. In 1990, Doocy was named the host of NBC's nationally syndicated program House Party with Steve Doocy, a remake of the 1960s Art Linkletter show, which was followed by the syndicated kids' series Not Just News.
In 1994, Doocy got his first morning show job, as the co-host of Wake Up America on NBC’s America’s Talking channel. He then anchored the morning newscast on CBS-TV's flagship station, WCBS-TV, in 1996 in New York City. He was the live Times Square reporter on Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on ABC-TV for four ball drops.
Doocy joined the Fox News Channel in 1996 and began co-hosting the network's morning show Fox & Friends in 1998. In 2004, he helped launch Fox News Channel's New Year's Eve special, All American New Year, whose hosts have included Bill Hemmer and Megyn Kelly.
Fox & Friends regularly interviewed Donald Trump, before and after his election as president. After the election, Trump called it "the most honest morning show." During his first year as president, Trump continued to watch and often quoted the program on Twitter. This prompted The New York Times to call Fox & Friends "the most powerful TV show in America."
In 2019, it was reported that Trump ranked many reporters' loyalty on a scale of 1 to 10. Doocy received a "12 out of 10."
On September 15, 2020, Doocy made news when he challenged President Trump's announcement of a series of weekly appearances on Fox and Friends. Doocy responded: "You may want to do it every week, but Fox is not committed to that. We're going to take it on a case-by-case basis." Doocy extended an invitation for Joe Biden, at the time the Democratic nominee for President, to appear on the program, offering him equal airtime to Trump.
Doocy has earned TV reporting and writing awards from the Associated Press, the Society of Professional Journalists (formerly known as Sigma Delta Chi), and 11 Emmy Awards from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.
Published works
In 2020, Doocy and his wife Kathy published the Happy in a Hurry Cookbook, which debuted at number one on the New York Times Best Seller list and became one of America's top cookbooks of that pandemic year. It was a sequel to their successful 2018 Happy Cookbook: A Celebration of the Food That Makes America Smile’'.
The Doocys also authored The Mr. and Mrs. Happy Handbook and Tales from the Dad Side''. All four books were published by William Morrow and Company, a division of HarperCollins, and all were New York Times bestsellers.
Personal life
Doocy is married to Kathy Doocy (née Garrity), a former model and TV sports reporter who starred in a TV commercial for the Chatty Cathy doll. The couple have three adult children: Mary, Sally and Peter Doocy, the Fox News White House correspondent. He lives in Wyckoff, New Jersey. Kathy Doocy is a cancer survivor.
Steve Doocy is Roman Catholic and serves as a lector in his church.
Doocy was named Distinguished Kansan of the Year by the Native Sons and Daughters of Kansas in 2014.
References
External links
1956 births
American people of Irish descent
American people of Swedish descent
American television news anchors
American television reporters and correspondents
Catholics from Iowa
Catholics from Kansas
Catholics from New Jersey
Fox News people
Living people
People from Abilene, Kansas
People from Algona, Iowa
People from Clay County, Kansas
People from Russell County, Kansas
People from Saline County, Kansas
People from Wyckoff, New Jersey
University of Kansas alumni |
57113571 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn%20%26%20Lula%20Bolick | Glenn & Lula Bolick | Glenn and Lula (née Owens) Bolick are contemporary potters and musicians living in North Carolina. They are both recipients of the 2018 North Carolina Heritage Award for their work in traditional arts including pottery, music, and storytelling. Lula Bolick is a fifth generation potter, her great-grandfather having started what is now ("Original") Owens Pottery near Seagrove, North Carolina. The Bolicks started Bolick Family Pottery (now known as traditions Pottery), which is located in Blowing Rock, North Carolina.
Art career
The Bolicks originally began working for Lula's father, M.L. Owens. In 1973, they opened Bolick Family Pottery in Caldwell County, where Glenn was raised. The Bolicks are also interested in traditional music and storytelling. In addition to pottery, Glenn also works as a saw-miller.
Bolick Family Pottery has also been referred to as Bolick and Traditions Pottery. It is now known as Traditions Pottery, and still located in Blowing Rock. It is owned by the couple's daughter, Janet Bolick Calhoun, and her husband Mike Calhoun. The store continues to stock Bolick, Traditions, and Original Owens Pottery, in addition to other items.
In 2018, the Bolicks received the North Carolina Heritage Award for their work in traditional arts.
References
American potters
Musicians from North Carolina
Sculptors from North Carolina
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
47274388 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%20in%20Sweden | 1541 in Sweden | Events from the year 1541 in Sweden
Incumbents
Monarch – Gustav I
Events
15 September - Peace treaty between Sweden and Denmark for a period of 50 years.
- The Gustav Vasa Bible, the first bible in the Swedish language, is printed.
- Georg Norman inspect the churches of Småland on commission of the king, and confiscate all the church silver deemed not necessary for church service.
Births
Deaths
References
Years of the 16th century in Sweden
Sweden |
58853232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomera%20and%20Tarana | Bomera and Tarana | Bomera and Tarana are two jointly heritage-listed residences at 1 Wylde Street in the inner city Sydney suburb of Potts Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Bomera was designed by John Frederick Hilly and built in 1856 with alterations by Sheerin & Hennessy and built by Wheelwright & Alderson 1902. Tarana was designed by Edward H. Buchanan and built by John Alexander Oag in 1889, with additions including a third storey designed by Sheerin & Hennessy in 1907. The houses are also known as Boomera and Taranah. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 23 June 2000.
History
Aboriginal history
The "Eora people" was the name given to the coastal Aborigines around Sydney. Central Sydney is therefore often referred to as "Eora Country". Within the City of Sydney local government area, the traditional owners are the Cadigal and Wangal bands of the Eora. There is no written record of the name of the language spoken and currently there are debates as whether the coastal peoples spoke a separate language "Eora" or whether this was actually a dialect of the Dharug language. Remnant bushland in places like Blackwattle Bay retain elements of traditional plant, bird and animal life, including fish and rock oysters.
With the invasion of the Sydney region, the Cadigal and Wangal people were decimated but there are descendants still living in Sydney today. All cities include many immigrants in their population. Aboriginal people from across the state have been attracted to suburbs such as Pyrmont, Balmain, Rozelle, Glebe and Redfern since the 1930s. Changes in government legislation in the 1960s provided freedom of movement enabling more Aboriginal people to choose to live in Sydney.
Darlinghurst Ridge/Woolloomooloo Hill
In the 1830s the whole area from Potts Point to Kings Cross and up to Oxford Street was known as Darlinghurst–probably named in honour of Governor Ralph Darling (1824–31)'s wife, Eliza. The rocky ridge that extended inland from Potts Point was called Eastern or Woolloomooloo Hill from the early days of white settlement. The earliest grant of land on Woolloomooloo Hill was made to Judge-Advocate John Wylde in 1822. In 1830 Wylde sold six of his 11 acres on the Point to Joseph Hyde Potts, accountant to the Bank of NSW, after whom Potts Point is named.
By the late 1820s Sydney was a crowded, disorderly and unsanitary town closely settled around the Rocks and Sydney Cove, with a European population of around 12,000. Governor Darling was receiving applications from prominent Sydney citizens for better living conditions. The ridge of Woolloomooloo Hill beckoned, offering proximity to town and incomparable views from the Blue Mountains to the heads of Sydney Harbour.
In 1828 Darling ordered the subdivision of Woolloomooloo Hill into suitable "town allotments" for large residences and extensive gardens. He then issued "deeds of grant" to select members of colonial society (in particular, his senior civil servants). The first 7 grants were issued in 1828, with the other allotments formally granted in 1831.
The private residences that were built on the grants were required to meet Darling's so-called "villa conditions" which were possibly determined and overseen by his wife, who had architectural skills. These ensured that only one residence was built on each grant to an approved standard and design, that they were each set within a generous amount of landscaped land and that, in most cases, they faced the town. By the mid-1830s the parade of "white" villas down the spine of Woolloomooloo Hill presented a picturesque sight, and was visible from the harbour and town of Sydney.
The name of the suburb [Potts Point] honours Joseph Hyde Potts, who was employed with the Bank of New South Wales when it initially opened for business in 1817. Before the arrival of the settlers, the Point was known by a variety of names, among them Paddy's Point, Kurrajeen (or Curageen) and Yarrandabbi. The last two are Aboriginal names and "Paddy" may have been Patrick Walsh, who received a grant of 30 acres here in 1809.
Bomera and Tarana
Bomera
The subject site formed part of the land grant to Judge-Advocate John Wylde (after whom Wylde Street is named) in 1822, which comprised 11 acres of land at the northern end of the Point.".
William McQuade (Sr.), merchant of Windsor, first purchased land at Potts Point in June 1856. He also purchased adjacent allotments including one to the east, on which Tarana was built by 1889 and a second lot to the south in June 1857. McQuade also purchased four other sites in 1858 with the result that his land stretched along Wylde Street to Victoria Street. Early title documents refer to minor works and a boat harbour on Woolloomooloo Bay. McQuade also helped establish Randwick Racecourse.
McQuade occupied and cleared the land [on which Bomera and the stables stand] in 1856 and commenced construction of Bomera the same year. The complex consisted of a two-storey building designed as a house by architect John Frederick Hilly (who lived up hill at "Campbell Lodge" and designed Carrara (now Strickland House) in that same year, Fiona (now Ascham School, Edgecliff) seven years later). Fiona and Bomera have identical front elevations and constructed in sandstone in the early Italianate style, as well as a two-storey building originally serving as a stables and a coach house, also in sandstone.
Tenders for construction of the stables/coach house were probably let in July 1857 and for the boundary wall, iron fence and gates in September 1857. There is no record of the date of completion of construction of stables or boundary elements, but they appear in a survey map of 1865. The stables, coach house and boundary walls and fences were completed by 1865 to designs by Hilly. Bomera's builder is not known.
The Australian Subscription Boat Club was built on McQuade's land at Potts Point in 1861. By 1862 McQuade had reclaimed large areas from the bay on which he erected a bathing house and pool, approached by steps, to the north of the future site of Tarana. The northern areas of the site had been developed as a garden, with the land to the west serving as a kitchen garden. The term "marine villa" was employed in the Sydney Morning Herald when sub-divided land was offered for sale in the 1860s and clearly demonstrates the importance given to the social and recreational opportunities offered by the foreshores. A gatehouse was erected in 1865 on Wylde Street.
In 1867 a further grant allowed additional reclamation of foreshore areas and the construction of a new jetty in 1876. An octagonal summer house had been erected by 1875 as well as two flagpoles, an iron picket fence along the foreshore and two stone statues of dogs. In 1876 tenders were called by J.F. Hilly, for erection of a ballroom, with a timber floor, and other additions.
Major modifications were made to the building and grounds, almost certainly in 1876. These included the billiards room, the large central room on the south of the building, and a second stone jetty. The works may also have included the construction of the two-storey extension at the north-west corner of the building. John Frederick Hilly has been confirmed as architect for these works.
By 1884 the new foreshore areas included a tennis court.
William McQuade Sr. lived on his country property "Fairfield" at Windsor, which was built for the Cox family. This survives today surrounded on two sides by a golf course. McQuade built his own private race course which is now the site of Hawkesbury Racecourse (just east of Richmond). McQuade Sr. died in 1885. He had three sons - William (Jr.), Frederick and Henry.
Following the death of William McQuade in 1885 the estate was divided. Land south of Bomera went to William James Hale McQuade (the eldest son) and land to the east of Bomera to (William's son) Arthur Frederick Hale McQuade. (Arthur Frederick Hale McQuade was left money with which, Tarana was erected adjacent to Bomera by 1889 for he and his family). Henry Michael Hale McQuaid inherited Bomera. The construction of Tarana in 1889 led to the destruction of structures associated with Bomera including sheds and glasshouses. Fairfield at Windsor was left to Henry, the youngest son.
The three sons studied at Cambridge and studied pipe organ under the great masters in Europe. William brought a Bryceson pipe organ back from Manchester and installed it in Bomera's ballroom, Henry brought back from England a Hunter pipe organ and installed it in Fairfield. After William Jr.'s death in 1901, Frederick transferred the organ from Bomera to the ballroom of Tarana in time to entertain the officers of "The Great White Fleet" (which visited Sydney) in 1908. Eventually this organ was sold to St Brigid's Church, Marrickville, where it remains in fine voice. Henry's Hunter organ is in St Matthew's Catholic Church, Windsor . Mrs McQuade's monument is the imposing and largest monument at the front entrance of St Matthew's Anglican Church, Windsor.
In 1890 much of the south-west corner of the Bomera site was acquired by the state government. The former Boat Club, walls and steps in this area were removed in the subsequent works for new wharfage. This action followed the state government's acquisition of the whole of the Bomera property in 1910 following the McQuade's 11-year battle to force the purchase of the whole of the site. In 1917 the building was acquired by the Sydney Harbour Trust.
The building was either occupied by members of the McQuade family or leased as a residence until 1902. At this time it became a boarding house, and works involving the adaptation of the building to its new use were carried out. The architects responsible for these works were Sheerin and Hennessy.
In 1902 Bomera had been extended by the addition of servants rooms to the northern side of the stables building creating a wing at right angles to the original building and linking with the main house. This new wing appears to have been designed by the architectural practice of Sheerin and Hennessy. Sections of this wing were removed, when the complex was modified by the Navy, in the post-war years.
From 1902 until 1941 the house was used to provide boarding accommodation. Various changes were effected during this period including partitioning and the addition of stairs and external walkways to the stables. The ballroom was converted to a dining room.
In 1911 ownership was transferred to the Sydney Harbour Trust. During this period Bomera was sub-leased and physically subdivided. In 1911 the Cowper Wharf Roadway was implemented reducing the area of the gardens above the existing retaining wall, which subsequently became the southern side of Wylde Street in 1941. Extensions to Wylde Street were implemented in 1941, which until then had been a cul de sac terminating outside the Bomera stables. The new road alignment encircled Bomera and Tarana isolating them from the foreshores.
In June 1941 it was acquired by the Commonwealth Government for naval use. Throughout the period of Commonwealth ownership the building with Tarana served as Sydney Naval Fleet Base Headquarters (offices), Eastern Australian Command. During the war parts of the building's interior were returned to a form basically similar to that in which they existed prior to acquisition by the Sydney Harbour Trust in 1917, except for the south-east wing and their servant's wing, which were almost totally removed.
The stable building was modified to accommodate ambulances with internal and external changes to the house and its finishes to reflect operational needs.
In 1955 a bust of Lord Nelson was placed in the garden north of the house. Until the 1980s the ballroom was used for court-martial hearings when most administrative functions were transferred to the new Maritime Command Centre at Garden Island. The property remains under Navy occupation.
Since the war a considerable amount of partitioning and other works have again taken place, with detrimental effects to the significant fabric of the building. The building is, however, still substantially intact, and sufficient documentary evidence exists to enable works to be carried out to preserve and enhance its heritage qualities.
In 2001 manufacturer-turned property developer Jorge Fernandez and his wife Monica bought Bomera and Tarana from the Department of Defence. Bomera was restored by heritage architects Graham Brooks & Associates.
After two years on the real estate market, Bomera was sold in 2013 to Queenslander Leanne Catelan for $12.5 million, daughter of property mugul Ray Catelan, the entrepreneur behind real estate database RP Data.
In 2019, Catelan sold Bomera to billionaire Sanjeev Gupta for $34 million.
Tarana
Tarana was built as a private house between 10 November 1888 and 9 December 1889, for Arthur Frederick Hale McQuade. The architect was probably Edward Harman Buchanan, and the builder John Alexander Oag. Along with Bomera Tarana was constructed for leading Sydney families at a time when the Darlinghurst-Potts Point ridge and the adjacent waterfront was the location of mansions of the affluent.
It became the Ashford Ladies College between 1890/91 and 1894/95, and reverted to use as a single private residence until 1919. Major modifications to the building in 1907 by Sheerin and Hennessy included the addition of a third storey to the buildings. The ballroom extension and portico, and rebuilding of the bathing house boathouse may also have been executed at this time.
In 1917 Tarana was acquired by the Sydney Harbour Trust, and during this period of ownership was subdivided into flats. In June 1941 the building was acquired by the Commonwealth. Throughout the period of Commonwealth acquisition the building served as Naval Fleet Headquarters, Eastern Australian Command. During the War the building's interior was returned to a form basically similar to that in which it existed prior to acquisition by the Sydney Harbour Trust in 1917, although the verandahs, the billiards room ceiling and the site elements were lost.
Since the war a considerable amount of partitioning and other works have again taken place, with detrimental effects to the early fabric of the building. The building is nevertheless substantially intact, and sufficient documentary evidence exists to enable works to be carried out to preserve and enhance its heritage qualities. Areas of archaeological potential include the southern portions beneath the house, and the roof space.
In 2001 manufacturer-turned property developer Jorge Fernandez and his wife Monica bought Bomera and Tarana from the Department of Defence. Tarana was converted to three luxurious apartments, which Fernandez subsequently sold.
Description
Bomera and Tarana are a pair of Victorian marine villas, oriented with their main facade overlooking the harbour rather than the street, on a 3700 square metre combined site.
Bomera was constructed as a marine villa on the prominent headland areas of Potts Point to take advantage of the harbour views, which extended from the western elevation through 180 degrees to the eastern side, which faced towards the Heads. Marine Villas such as Bomera, and other villas erected on land fronting Sydney Harbour, differed in their orientation in that they faced towards the harbour in contrast to villas on more urban sites. Although Bomera, and its neighbour Tarana, clearly retain their orientation and limited views and some garden, physical links with the waterfront recreational areas have been severed.
Tarana and Bomera occupy a site reduced in area by the impact of harbour works including the Cowper Wharf Roadway in 1911 and the formalisation of Wylde Street and the extension of Garden Island Dockyard from 1941. Bomera however, continues to make a prominent contribution to the Wylde Street frontage in association with Tarana, and to the harbour setting, and is a valuable cultural link with other mid to late nineteenth century marine villas in the Potts Point area. The latter include its neighbour Tarana, and Jenner and Elizabeth Bay House.
Bomera
House
Bomera is a two-storey, Italianate styled marine villa located above Cowper Wharf Road, concealed at street level by the large retaining wall, but prominent from the water. It reflects the design and planning of classically influenced double pile houses erected in the first half of the nineteenth century. Such houses often featured a single storey loggia between projecting bays and an entrance vestibule wider than other circulation areas. At Bomera the loggia is expressed at ground floor level on the north side with the first floor expression of the verandah continued in cast iron. The loggia illustrates Hilly's use of large arched openings in verandahs. The vestibule is centred on the western side to provide access to the central corridor. The ground floor level is expressed externally by a rusticated base.
It is a rare building type within Sydney and forms an important association with the other villas Elizabeth Bay House, Tusculum, Rockwall, Jenner House and Tarana (adjacent). It is a remnant of the marine villas that were sited relative to the water and determined the prestige residential status of the Potts Point peninsula in the nineteenth century and for its contribution to the waterscape of Potts Point.
The main elevations feature three bay elements picking up the rhythm of the western breakfront with its projecting porch. Classically detailed, the porch is supported on piers flanked by stone sphinxes. The projecting bays on the north side include large three bay sash windows with narrow projecting balconies at first floor level. The central loggia/verandah space features three arched openings supported by masonry piers with pilasters and classical detailing. This classical detail is reflected in the arched detailing of the timber sash windows. The corners of the fine sandstone ashlar masonry are defined by quoins. The southern limit of the original building appears to have been defined by the central corridor. A low, partly excavated basement, accessed from the northern side of the building, was used to store perishables.
Two periods of extension are apparent. In 1876 J. F. Hilly extended his original design by the addition of an upper verandah, with cast iron supports, on the northern side. On the southern side a ballroom, with curved external corners and an internal decorated cast iron gallery, was added opposite the northern verandah. The ball-room features a coffered timber ceiling and originally a glazed rooflight. The rectangular apse at the southern end held an organ. The ballroom features three bay clerestory lighting and classically detailed fireplaces in keeping with the overall Italianate idiom of the house. At the north east corner an open, two storey loggia, entered from the breakfast room, was also added. In keeping with the concept of the marine villa, rooms opening onto the verandahs and loggias feature French doors.
By 1902 Bomera was extended at its eastern side in the Federation style by the addition of a servants' wing, bridging the gap between the stables and the house, and reflecting the line of the open loggia added in the 1870s. This was removed in 1941 with the exception of two rooms adjoining the house. The two storey loggia appears to have been infilled at this time.
The main roof is hipped with a slate covering. The wide eaves retain the original timber soffits with supporting modillions and fascias largely intact. Later additions, including the ballroom, are roofed with a combination of slate and copper, the copper replacing an earlier lead covering. The building retains most of the original timberwork, including stairs, architraves and doors, and internal plaster finishes, including cornices, intact. Internal surface finishes have been mostly lost. The ground floor hall and stairs are in white marble with slate dividing strips. Some basement floors have been replaced in concrete. Evidence of the social functioning of the house is provided by a servants' bell in the north-east ground floor room and the suite of smaller rooms added in 1876.
Grounds
The grounds of Bomera occupy a prominent position at the northernmost tip of Potts Point. They were established 1856 contemporary with the residence and include mature gardens, trees and statues designed as an intrinsic part of the house and estate. Bomera is located on a 2156 square metre block.
Bomera's house was designed with two directions in mind - Woolloomooloo Bay and the harbour to the north. Access from the south resulted in service areas, including stables and servants quarters, being located on the south side. Unlike later marine villas the main entrance from the carriageway was on the western side overlooking the harbour. The early Sydney roads were poor and arrival by water on the foreshore would have conferred a sense of status and the opportunity to impress by the extent of their gardens and recreational settings. The location of this main entrance to the west allowed both of these options. The original carriageway alignment remains in place with its stone edging. The two storeyed ashlar sandstone stables building remains in place at the entrance from Wylde Street.
Garden elements include one of the original carved stone dogs, an 1890s iron picket fence, mature pine trees, two Californian desert fan palms (Washingtonia robusta), a Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis), grass terrace at the rear (north-western) facade, a hedge demarcating a change of level to lower terraces, a swimming pool on the lower northern terrace, stone boundary walls and a tuckeroo tree (Cupaniopsis anacardioides).
Sandstone bust of Lord Nelson in Bomera's garden was originally in the gardens at the Annandale Estate of Commander Robert Johnson, one of the first Australian-born officers serving in the Royal Navy.
In the landscaped grounds are an eight-car garage and a three bedroom cottage.
Stables
It is a two storeyed ashlar sandstone building on an L-shaped plan erected in two stages. In keeping with the main house the roof is hipped with slate cladding. The building has some intact windows and joinery at first floor level, although some new door openings and windows were inserted during World War Two. The use of stone for the stables building, which also functioned as a coach house, clearly states the importance of the building as the point of entry to the site.
The stables present original sandstone external wall facades featuring extant heads and sills to some windows and a hipped slate roof with original eaves including fascias, soffits and soffit mouldings. The south elevation was treated as the prime side of the stables and the crook of the east and west wings enclosed the main stables-related working area. This elevation features window heads and sills to larger first floor window, WWII opening and sill to small window, original window frames and sashes and a recycled small window frame and sash at first floor level. The Western elevation was the least important side of the stables building and was originally a totally blank and recessive facade. After successive additions and alterations during and after WWII it has reverted to its original state and now features blank original sandstone block external walls. The Northern elevation originally comprised a facade that was largely devoid of features. It generally features sandstone external walls with some original and early openings filled in during or after WWII. The doors and windows added during the 1942 works remain.
Tarana
Tarana is located above Cowper Wharf Road, concealed at street level by the large retaining wall, but prominent from the water. It comprises a three-storey residence of Victorian style, located on a prominent site with water views on the Potts Point peninsula. It contributes to the waterscape of Potts Point in particular its relationship to the adjacent Bomera. As with Bomera, it is rare as a marine villa within Sydney, and forms an important association with Elizabeth Bay House, Tusculum and Jenner House.
It is a home in Victorian Italianate style. It includes a private entrance area, reception foyer, marble powder room. Large ballroom is now living/dining room with domed ceiling, stained glass, frescoes. The building has now been converted to three apartments in a security garden complex.
The south facade has a main symmetrical three storey wing with servant wings stepped along the boundary to the east. The 1907 two storey ballroom wing protrudes forward on the west.
The windows and doors are vertical with flat heads and bracketed entablatures over. The roof is slate with the 1907 chimneys intact. By contrast the north facade to the water has a three-storey verandah where the cast iron has been replaced by timber detailing. The servant and ballroom wing is set below the main roof. Two paired rooms open onto the verandah which is also accessed by a central stair. A fire stair is located adjacent to the verandah. The asymmetrical plan reflects that of the main wing with its central hall and off centre stair. The plan arrangement is intact with some original features including the timber stair, fireplaces, and vestibule arches.
Tarana is a remnant of the marine villas that were sited relative to the water and determined the prestige residential status of the Potts Point peninsula in the nineteenth century. It is an important work of E. H. Buchanan and was residence for two generations of the McQuade family, an important early Australian family.
The design is well resolved and particularly noted for its main wing which contains an off centre stair in the central hall, and two paired rooms opening onto the verandah. There is some archaeological potential within the house and grounds. The garden has a grass terrace at the rear (north-western) facade,
with trees and shrubs to the northern side, hedges demarcating changes in level and a Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) prominent
Heritage listing
Although Bomera and Tarana are significant in their own right, a great deal of their cultural significance lies in their relationship to each other. The buildings are significant because they provide a rare example of a pair of adjacent houses constructed for two successive generations of an important Australian family.
Bomera and Tarana provide good examples of the nineteenth-century houses of the Potts Point area. Their survival in relatively intact condition, when virtually all their nearby contemporaries have fallen, is quite remarkable. Together they provide a waterfront component of the former nineteenth-century waterfront houses stretching from Darling Point to Potts Point. The precinct is also important because of their joint use as Naval Fleet Headquarters, Eastern Australian Command, during and after the Second World War and for its continuing association with the Navy.
Bomera & Tarana was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 23 June 2000 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
Bomera is the oldest remaining building at the northern end of Potts Point and one of the oldest in Potts Point. Tarana was the last house of its type constructed in the same location in the nineteenth century.
Although the houses are significant in their own right, a great deal of their cultural significance lies in their precinct relationship to each other. The buildings are significant because they provide a rare example of a pair of adjacent houses constructed for successive generations of an important Australian family.
The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
Bomera is significant as an early example of the Italianate Villa style and because its designer, John Frederick Hilly, was one of the most important Sydney architects of the nineteenth century. Tarana retains fine original joinery, fireplaces, plaster mouldings and leadlights typical of the period. Also, because it may have been designed by Edward Harman Buchanan, it is a good and rare example of his house designs. The Bomera and Tarana precinct provide an important visual focus at the extremity of the Point when viewed from the Harbour.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
Bomera has considerable social significance having been built for William McQuade, a leading member of a family of importance in the social, cultural and political development of early Sydney. Tarana was built for a member of the next generation of the same family. The precinct is a rare survivor of the nineteenth century period of the Potts Point area. The precinct is also important because of the use of the houses as Naval Fleet Headquarters during and after the Second World War and for its continuing association with the Navy.
The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The Bomera Tarana precinct (particularly Bomera) contains remnant sites of archaeological significance, relating to the former foreshore gardens and structure to the Harbour.
See also
References
Bibliography
Attribution
External links
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Potts Point, New South Wales
Houses in Sydney
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register |
1026459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inky%20Mark | Inky Mark | Inky Mark (; born November 17, 1947) is a Canadian politician and a former member of the House of Commons of Canada, representing the Manitoba riding of Dauphin—Swan River—Marquette. Mark was a member of the Conservative Party of Canada, although he frequently criticized and took positions opposite the party and its leader, Stephen Harper. Mark ran in the 2015 federal election, noting that he is now a Green Party of Canada member but that he would still run as an independent. He lost significantly.
Early life
Mark was born in Taishan, China, and moved to Manitoba as a child. Mark's father and grandfather had emigrated from China to Canada some time previously, but were unable to bring their families with them as a result of provisions in the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923. Mark accompanied his mother when she fled China in 1953, and subsequently settled with his family in the Manitoba community of Gilbert Plains.
Education
Mark has a Bachelor of Arts from Brandon University and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of Manitoba. Before entering political life, he worked as a high school teacher and small businessman. Mark also has a certificate in broadcasting and started a master's degree in education program, although he did not graduate.
Political career
Municipal politics
Mark's political career started when joined the Board of Directors of the Dauphin First United Church. He was subsequently elected to the Dauphin town council in 1991, and became the town's mayor in 1994.
Federal politics
Mark was first elected to the House of Commons in the federal election of 1997, running as a candidate of the Reform Party in the riding of Dauphin—Swan River. From 1997 to 2000, Mark was one of only three Chinese-Canadian MPs in the House of Commons.
The Reform Party dissolved itself in 2000 in favour of the Canadian Alliance, and Mark ran as a candidate of the new party in the federal election which followed.
On September 12, 2001, Mark left the Canadian Alliance caucus to sit as a member of the Democratic Representative Caucus, in alliance with the Progressive Conservative Party.
The DRC came to an end on April 10, 2002, when Stephen Harper replaced Day as Canadian Alliance leader. Every other member of the DRC requested to be re-admitted to the Alliance; Mark did not join them, but instead decided to sit as an "Independent Conservative", with the intention of rejoining the Progressive Conservatives at their annual party convention later in the year; he had been a Progressive Conservative before the early 1990s. Mark formally joined the Progressive Conservatives on August 27, 2002.
In December 2003, the Canadian Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party formally merged to create the new Conservative Party of Canada. Mark supported the merger, and formally joined the new party's caucus on February 2, 2004. Mark was easily re-elected in the Canadian federal election of 2004.
In 2005, Mark alleged that Treasury Board President and Liberal MP Reg Alcock offered him an ambassadorship if he were to resign his seat. Alcock responded by saying, "Frankly, if I was going to recruit somebody, I'd go a little higher up the gene pool." Mark called this comment racist and filed a complaint with the Canadian Human Rights Commission. As the CHRC does not publish its investigations, it is not possible to know the outcome of this case.
Criticism and complaints
While a sitting MP, Mark gained a reputation as "an outsider" within the Conservative caucus. Mark is and has been an outspoken critic of Prime Minister Stephen Harper, the Prime Minister's Office, and several sitting and former Conservative MPs. He frequently complained that Harper was controlling, and he responded by refusing to attend Conservative events. Mark has called Harper a "fascist" and complained that he runs a "top-down dictatorship". He says that the Central Intelligence Agency is controlled by the United States' Republican Party, and that the Republican Party installed Stephen Harper as the Canadian Prime Minister in order to sell out Canada to the United States.
Following the announcement of his resignation, Mark complained that the nomination race for his successor was rigged, and allowed Robert Sopuck to be acclaimed without competition.
Following his resignation as an MP, Mark stepped up his criticisms of the Harper government. He complained that the nomination race for the Conservative candidate following the resignation of Labrador MP Peter Penashue was rigged because Harper "wants a candidate he can control". He also complained that the nomination race to replace Merv Tweed was rigged, and that the eventual successor, Larry Maguire, was just a "rubber stamp" for Harper. Mark was featured prominently in the book Tragedy in the Commons, where almost every chapter quoted Mark's complaints about the way Harper's government was run.
Mark complained that the Conservatives' Constituent Information Management System (CIMS) was a secretive database used to track and control Canadians' information and voting preferences, and said that Harper could simply "switch off" this system to punish an MP.
Parliamentary work
For his tenure as an MP, Mark was always a "backbencher".
In 2001, as the Alliance's parliamentary critic for Immigration, Mark was responsible for expressing his party's position on the Liberal government's Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, which he did during the immigration controversy involving the Sklarzyk family who, as a result of an administrative error, was deported from Canada to Poland in May 2001. He also contributed to the parliamentary committee's work in drafting the final version of the bill, and was generally regarded by MPs from all parties as having made several constructive criticisms to the legislation.
However, on June 13, 2001, Mark's position on the bill was undercut by Canadian Alliance leader Stockwell Day, who delivered a speech in parliament supporting tighter restrictions against refugee claimants and reduced opportunities for rejected claimants to appeal to the Refugee Board. Day's comments diverged from Mark's stated position on several particulars, and his speech was regarded as very surprising by many other MPs in the House of Commons. For example, Liberal MP Steve Mahoney referred to Day's comments as "treachery" towards Mark, for which he was ruled out of order by the Speaker.
In 2005, Mark's private members' Bill C-331 (Internment of Persons of Ukrainian Origin Recognition Act) was passed by the House of Commons and Senate of Canada, eventually resulting in the establishment of the Endowment Council of the Canadian First World War Internment Recognition Fund, supporting educational and commemorative projects recalling Canada's first national internment operations of 1914–1920.
Federal resignation and return to municipal politics
Mark announced in June 2009 that he would be resigning before the next federal election. On August 16, 2010, he announced that he would step down as an MP on September 15 to campaign for another term as mayor of Dauphin. However, he lost to Eric Irwin.
Return to federal politics and switch to Green Party of Canada
Mark announced on November 13, 2014, that he would be running as an independent candidate for the 2015 federal election in Dauphin—Swan River—Neepawa, which includes nearly all of his old riding. Mark announced that he is now a member of the Green Party of Canada, but would still seek election in 2015 as an independent candidate. Mark finished a distant fourth behind Sopuck, garnering only eight percent of the vote.
Twitter Presence
Mark was a prolific user of Twitter, amassing almost 22,000 followers over the period 2013 to 2023. He posted over one-half million times during that period, averaging nearly 150 tweets and/or re-tweets per day. He gained twitter popularity around the world, in part due to his frequent links to interesting posts and to interesting news sources.
After the election of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Canada, his twitter tone took an increasingly anti-Trudeau stance. The overwhelming majority of his more recent retweets, links and memes became extremely critical of Liberal policies in general, and Prime Minister Trudeau and Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland in particular.
Specific targets included the government’s handling of climate change, gun control, the economy, the pandemic, and the “truckers’ convoy”. He frequently reposted or linked to articles of anti-vaccination conspiracy theories.
Other targets included the CBC.
For an unknown reason, his account abruptly stopped posting on twitter after January 25, 2023.
Electoral record
^ Change is from the total of Progressive Conservative and Canadian Alliance votes in the 2000 election.
|-
Note: Canadian Alliance vote is compared to Reform Party vote in 1997 election.
|-
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Manitoba
Members of the United Church of Canada
People from Taishan, Guangdong
Chinese emigrants to Canada
Reform Party of Canada MPs
Canadian Alliance MPs
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Mayors of Dauphin, Manitoba
Canadian people of Chinese descent
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Politicians from Jiangmen
Independent candidates in the 2015 Canadian federal election
Foreign-born Canadian politicians |
64256477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost%20Festival%20%28Nepal%29 | Ghost Festival (Nepal) | Ghost Festival (भुतमेला, bhoot mela) takes place on the full moon day of the month of Kartik (October/November) in Siraha district of Nepal at the Kamala River. In this festival, the shamans cure any illness caused by their family deity, or by evil people in their village by using tantric power.
History
The festival is a centuries-old tradition celebrated every year on the full moon day of Kartik to control the influence of ghosts and Boksi. The festival occurs in the same time as Dashain. The origin of this festival is not known.
Activities
Thousands of people, mostly from Dhanusha District and India take part in the event. During the night, people chant mantras while shamans practice various rituals near the temple of Sonamai (सोनामाई). Shamans classify the possessions into two groups. First one is the people possessed by the soul of another person who suffered an untimely or unwanted death (ghosts). Second, are the ones possessed by their lineage to god or goddess and therefore considered godly.
Food and temporary shelters are generally provided by the organization committee for the pilgrimages.
Controversy
The practice is considered to be superstitious and victimizing the marginalized community such as the lower caste Dalit community.
References
Festivals in Nepal
Dhanusha District |
41701521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo%20Francesco%20Cesarini | Carlo Francesco Cesarini | Carlo Francesco Cesarini, (c.1666 – after 2 September 1741) was an Italian composer born in San Martino al Cimino near Viterbo and active in Rome from 1690. In 1690 he entered into the service of Cardinal Benedetto Pamphili as the director of his music academy and remained in his service until the cardinal's death in 1730. Cesarini also served as the maestro di cappella in the Chiesa del Gesù from 1704 until 31 August 1741. He composed numerous oratorios and cantatas and was the joint composer of several operas. The opera Clearco in Negroponte which he composed with Giovanni Lorenzo Lulier and Tommaso Bernardo Gaffi inaugurated the public opening of the Teatro Capranica on 18 January 1695.
He also set to music many oratorios on Benedetto Pamphilj's texts: San Vincislao (1704), Il figliol prodigo (1707), Oratorio per l'Assunzione della beatissima Vergine (1713), e Il trionfo del Tempo nella Bellezza ravveduta (1725).
The last known records of him date from early September 1741 and document his retirement as the maestro di cappella of the Chiesa del Gesù due to ill health.
Some cantatas of him were recently published in modern edition.
Bibliography
Alexandra Nigito, "Le conversazioni in musica: Carlo Francesco Cesarini, virtuoso di Sua Eccellenza Padrone", in The Pamphilj and the Arts: Patronage and Consumption in Baroque Rome, ed. by Stephanie C. Leone, Boston, 2011, pp. 161–188.
References
External links
Iesuè, Alberto (1980). "Cesarini, Carlo Francesco, detto Carlo del Violino". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Vol. 24. Treccani. Online version retrieved 24 May 2019 .
Digitised manuscript scores by Cesarini on internetculturale.it
Italian male classical composers
Italian Baroque composers
Italian opera composers
Male opera composers
1666 births
1741 deaths
Composers from Urbino
18th-century Italian composers
18th-century Italian male musicians |
55703092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darkover%20%28board%20game%29 | Darkover (board game) | Darkover, subtitled "The Ages of Chaos", is a board game published by Eon Products in 1979 that is based on the Darkover novels by Marion Zimmer Bradley.
Description
Darkover is a game for 2–4 players in which players need to take and maintain hold of the Elhalyn Tower, with the use of armies as well as psychic powers. Reviewers noted that although this is ostensibly a board wargame, it contains many elements of a party game.
Components
The game box includes:
8-page rulebook
10" x 18" board divided into a number of regions with towers and castles.
four 3-piece matrix screens
four sets of 15 clan tokens numbered 1 to 10 (odd numbers are duplicated)
24 Power discs (eight each of three designs)
36 Peril chips
One Monitor
One Crown
Setup
All players write a dare; these are placed in a cup. Tokens are randomly placed on the board. One player is selected as Monitor, and one is the Crown holder.
Gameplay
Each turn starts with collection of power. Each player fills their Power disc allotment to three, then draws their choice of two peril chips or two clan tokens. Players may receive extra tokens if they own the Crown or castles. Players conquer regions and gain control of towers with special powers by using their clan tokens and other powers. Combat is resolved by Rock paper scissors. If both players choose "Rock", then they enter a chanting duel. Both players must chant something for 30 seconds; the first player to show emotion or look away is the loser.
The Monitor can punish a player who displays negative emotions by removing one of the player's clan tokens. The punished player then becomes the new Monitor.
Victory conditions
A player wins by taking control of the central Elhalyn Tower with four clan tokens for an entire turn.
Publication history
In 1958, Marion Zimmer Bradley wrote The Planet Savers, the first novel in a series of books about the world of Darkover that would eventually number more than 30 by the time of Bradley's death. The board game Darkover was a licensed creation designed by Bill Eberle, Jack Kittredge, and Peter Olotka, and was published in 1979 by the company the trio founded, Eon Products.
Reception
John Olsen reviewed Darkover for White Dwarf #18, giving it an overall rating of 9 out of 10, and stated that "Darkover is an excellent game and I recommend it whole-heartedly to everyone. I look forward to any future release from Eon Products".
In issue #34 of The Space Gamer, Bob Von Gruenigen found the game light but enjoyable: "Darkover is a good party game, better with four players than two. Its physical quality is impressive. If you enjoyed the Darkover novels, or if you enjoy unusual games, Darkover will be a worthwhile investment".
Games included Darkover in their "Top 100 Games of 1982", calling it a "bizarre game" but noting that it "requires strategic insight, self-control (players displaying anger, greed, or despair are penalized), and a distinct lack of inhibitions".
References
External links
Darkover board game entry at BoardGameGeek
Board games introduced in 1979
Darkover |
4766950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhenkanal%20%28disambiguation%29 | Dhenkanal (disambiguation) | Dhenkanal is a town in Odisha, India.
Dhenkanal may also refer to:
Dhenkanal district, Odisha, India
Dhenkanal (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)
Dhenkanal (Lok Sabha constituency)
Dhenkanal State, a princely state during the British Raj
Dhenkanal College, a college in Dhenkanal district
Dhenkanal railway station |
13939185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsley%20Jones%20%28rugby%20union%2C%20born%201969%29 | Kingsley Jones (rugby union, born 1969) | Kingsley Jones (born 19 June 1970) is a Welsh rugby union coach, currently in charge of the Canadian national team. A former Welsh international player, Jones has played and coached at various levels, from playing at the amateur level to the professional level in Wales and England. He since gone on to become a professional coach at club and international level.
Personal life
Jones often appears on BBC 2 Wales' regular Sunday rugby union programme Scrum V.
His father, Phil Kingsley Jones, is the former manager of Jonah Lomu. Both his sons Dorian Jones and Rhys Jones are current professional rugby union players.
Playing career
Jones, a former loose forward, first started playing for his local side Abertillery RFC (soon afterwards Abertillery became a member of the professional Welsh Premier Division) before being picked up by Cross Keys RFC in 1993. At Captaining Cross Keys, he played a single season for the side gaining experience at a higher level of the game, before moving to one of the leading sides in Wales, Pontypridd RFC in the Welsh Premier Division. Guided by Dennis John, Jones became a physical loose forward for the side, playing at Flanker or Number 8 in his sole season at the club.
In 1995, Jones joined Ebbw Vale RFC at the elite end of Welsh rugby. He was a regular in the backrow for Ebbw Vale, such that he was given captaincy on his arrival at his new club. On 24 August 1996, Jones made his international debut for Wales, starting in the backrow in a test match against the Barbarians. He gained his first cap against an international opponent a month later, starting against France in Cardiff. In 1998, he led Ebbw Vale to their first ever WRU Challenge Cup Final, only to lose to Llanelli, 19–12. In that same season, he was given captaincy of the national team in an away game to South Africa, in what was Jones' last international appearance for his country after rupturing his chiles tendon.
Ahead of the 1998/99 season, Jones crossed the border and represented Gloucester professionally for three seasons again being appointed as club captain on his arrival, before moving on to Worcester Warriors in the 2001–02 where he was appointed captain on his arrival for the third time in his career. He returned to Wales a season later, playing for Pontypridd, before ending his playing career at Doncaster as a player-coach.
He retired as a player in 2004, winning 10 caps for Wales between 1996 and 1998, and had made more than 100 appearances for a Welsh club. He had at some point captained every side that he played for, at club and international level. He had represented the Barbarians as a player on their 2000 UK tour of Ireland, Scotland, and England.
Coaching career
Sale Sharks (2004–2011)
After retiring at the end of the 2003/04 season, Philippe Saint-André, who was newly appointed head coach of Sale Sharks, brought Jones in a forwards coach for the 2004–05 English Premiership. Between Saint-André and his assistants, Sale made it to the semi-final of the English Premiership, only to lose to London Wasps 43–22. Sale did however claim the 2004–05 European Challenge Cup title, after beating Pau in the final 27–3.
In 2005, Saint-André was promoted to Director of Rugby, which saw Jones replace Saint-André as head coach of the club. In Jones' first season in charge, he helped Sale go one step further and make the English Premiership final of that season. They faced Leicester Tigers in the final, who were defeated by the Sharks 45–20 to see Sale earn their first ever Premiership title. In Europe, Sale made it as far as the quarter-finals of the 2005–06 Heineken Cup, losing to Biarritz Olympique 11–6 in the knock-out game.
The 2006/07 season saw Jones's side struggle, after dropping to tenth during the English Premiership and failed to advance out of the group stage of the Heineken Cup. The following season saw Sale narrowly miss out on the knock-out stage of the 2007–08 English Premiership, however, Sale did progress to semi-finals of the 2007–08 European Challenge Cup, but in that game lost out to Bath 36–14.
The 2008/09 season was Philippe Saint-André's last season with the club after he announced in December 2008 he would be leaving his post as Director of Rugby. This meant Jones was to be promoted up to the top job with immediate effect. After Jones became Director of Rugby, he brought in Jason Robinson as head coach. In their first year of partnership, Sale narrowly remained in the top Premiership after slipping to eleventh on the table, while they failed to make much of an impact on the European scene. The 2010/11 season saw Jones bring in a new head coach to replace Robinson who left at the back end of the previous season. Mike Brewer became the full-time head coach after filling in for Robinson, however Brewer was sacked three months into the season.
2010 Barbarians V England & Ireland saw Jones again team up with Frenchman Philippe Saint Andre to coach the Barbarians with a defeat to England at Twickenham 35–28 and a win over Ireland in Thomond park 29–23.
In January 2011, Jones later announced his resignation, standing down as Director of Rugby at the club at the end of January 2011.
Russia (2011–2014)
After leaving Sale Sharks in January 2011, he joined the Russian national team as a consultant to Nikolay Nerush ahead of the 2011 Rugby World Cup, before being officially named as National teams Director just months before the World Cup. Following the World Cup, Jones became the head coach of the national team after Nerush stood down.
His first match in charge was a narrow 33–32 win away to Portugal in the second leg of the 2010–12 European Nations Cup First Division. Despite two further victories over Ukraine, 38–19, and Spain, 41–37, Russia finished fourth in Jones' first season in charge. The 2012 IRB Nations Cup saw Russia pick up a sole victory, coming against Uruguay 19–13.
The 2012–14 European Nations Cup First Division, was the first full European Nation Cup competition Jones led his team in. Across tho two-year competition, he saw Russia finish third, behind Georgia and Romania. This meant Russia progress to the final stage of the European qualification process for the 2015 Rugby World Cup. However, on 22 May, just days before their play-off match against Germany, Jones announced he would be standing down from his post at Russia following the 2015 World Cup qualifier against Germany. His final match was won by the Russians 31–20, which saw them progress to the repechage, the final stage of qualification for the 2015 Rugby World Cup.
He left his post with 11 wins from 26 games Russia never losing to a team ranked below them with Jones at the helm, a 42% win rate.
Jones was replaced with Raphaël Saint-André, brother of French national coach and former coaching partner Philippe Saint-André.
Newport Gwent Dragons (2013–2017)
In June 2013, Kingsley Jones was appointed as a consultant coach to Lyn Jones at Newport Gwent Dragons, sharing his commitments with his coaching duties in Russia. After Edwards departed the region in February 2014, Kingsley Jones took on a more hands on job with Lyn Jones, now doubling up as Director of Rugby and head coach. They had both previously worked with each other when Lyn Jones brought Kingsley Jones in as a consultant at London Welsh in 2012.
Following the disruption in the 2013/14 season at the Dragons, Jones was named head coach ahead of the 2014/15 season after he became available after his Russia duties. His first match in charge was a 16–11 loss away to Connacht. Jones picked up his first victory in the fourth round after defeating Benetton Treviso 33–15. Despite finishing ninth on the table with eight victories, the Dragons knocked over Leinster home and away in a historic first ever season double over the Irish province. This was the first time since 2009 that the Dragons had defeat Leinster. During the 2014–15 European Rugby Challenge Cup, Jones led his side to a third seed position going into the knock-out stage. In the quarter-finals, they defeated Welsh rivals Cardiff Blues 25–21, before being defeated by Edinburgh 45–16 in the semis.
In the 2015–16 Pro12 season, the Dragons won just four League games, two of which was victories over Munster and Leinster. In the 2015–16 European Rugby Challenge Cup they repeated their fortunes of the previous season, making it to the semi-finals, where this time they lost to Montpellier 22–12.
In Jones' final season in charge of the region, the Dragons slipped to eleventh on the table despite gaining 12 losing bonus points. In the second half of the season, the Dragons won just one game, with the final 8 rounds between January and the end of the season all resulting in defeats. In June 2017, it was announced that the Welsh Rugby Union was taking over the region. Following this, it was later revealed that Bernard Jackman was to replaced Jones as head coach of the region. Jones' last game in charge was a 26–24 loss to the Blues.
Canada (2017–present)
Following his departure with the Dragons, Jones took up a new role with the Welsh Rugby Union, leading the unions exile programme. However, this was a short-term role with Jones being named the head coach of the Canadian national team on 21 September 2017 following the sacking of Mark Anscombe. Jones' first game in charge of Canada ended in a 51–9 uncapped loss to the Māori All Blacks in Vancouver. The following week, Canada had a record defeat to Georgia, losing 54–22. On 18 November, Canada Jones led Canada to their first win in 8 attempts, defeating Spain 37–27. However, Canada couldn't back this win up in their final match of their European tour, losing to Fiji 57–17, a record winning margin for the Flying Fijians over Canada.
In February 2018, Canada failed to qualify for the 2019 Rugby World Cup as Americas 2, after losing both tests to Uruguay (29–38 and 32–31). This meant Canada moved to the Repechage tournament for the first ever time. The 2018 Americas Rugby Championship saw Jones lead Canada to fourth, with wins over Brazil (45–5) and Chile (17–33). During the 2018 June test window, Canada lost all three of their games; losing 48–10 to Scotland, 43–20 to Russia, which was a first ever loss to the Bears, and 47–17 to the United States. In November 2018, Jones led Canada into the 2019 Rugby World Cup qualifying Repechage tournament. Canada came away with three from three victories after beating Kenya, Germany and Hong Kong to qualify for the World Cup.
Canada started the World Cup year with a poor 2019 Americas Rugby Championship campaign; finishing fifth – their worst campaign since the tournament formed in 2016. They came away with just one victory, beating Chile 56–0 in Langford. Their poor form continued into the 2019 World Rugby Pacific Nations Cup, losing all three games to finish bottom of the combined table.
In 2021 Canada failed to qualify for the 2023 Rugby World Cup in France, the first time that Canada has not been represented.
Honours
Playing
Pontypridd RFC
Welsh Premier Division
Runners Up: 1994–95
Ebbw Vale RFC
WRU Challenge Cup
Runners Up: 1997–98
Coaching
Sale Sharks
English Premiership (As Head Coach)
Winners: 2005–06
European Challenge Cup (As Asst. Coach)
Winners: 2004–05
References
External links
Pontypridd RFC profile
1970 births
Living people
Canada national rugby union team coaches
Cross Keys RFC players
Doncaster R.F.C. players
Dragons RFC coaches
Ebbw Vale RFC players
Gloucester Rugby players
Rugby union players from Blaina
Pontypridd RFC players
Rugby union flankers
Rugby union players from Nantyglo
Russia national rugby union team coaches
Wales international rugby union players
Wales rugby union captains
Welsh rugby union coaches
Welsh rugby union players |
18112833 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice%20Durand%20%28architect%29 | Maurice Durand (architect) | Maurice Durand (December 6, 1884 – February, 1978) was a French architect. He was active in the Vendée department, primarily in the area around Les Sables-d'Olonne, and many of his buildings
may still be seen in that area today.
Durand was born in Les Sables d'Olonne, and began his career there in 1913, when he designed a number of buildings in town, including the Villa Mirasol and the Villa Blanche. He was accepted into the architectural academy in Paris in 1920; the following year he was named city architect in his hometown. In 1930 he was made the Architect of Historic Monuments for the Vendée department. He was awarded the Légion d’Honneur in 1935, and became departmental architect in 1937.
Before World War II, Durand was active in designing buildings around Les Sables d'Olonne; among the most notable were the Rudelière casino, the church of Saint Peter, the "Notre-Dame de France" clinic, and a number of hotels. Some of his most important civic work was done after the war, in the aftermath of the Invasion of Normandy. German troops had destroyed many navigational aids along the French coast as part of their retreat in 1944, and many lighthouses had to be reconstructed in the decade after the war. Durand was charged with designing three:
Île d'Yeu Lighthouse, completed in 1950
Pointe des Corbeaux Lighthouse, completed in 1950
Pointe du Grouin du Cou Lighthouse, completed in 1958
In addition, Durand was responsible for the design of L'Armendèche Lighthouse, completed in 1968 as a landfall light for Les Sables d'Olonne. The four were built in an Art Deco style; notably, each tower was designed as a unique building, different from the others in the series.
Durand was active throughout the 1950s and 1960s, continuing to design buildings for his hometown. He oversaw the renovation of the City Hall, the Grand Casino, the place du Tribunal, and the Caisse d’Épargne, and participated in the restoration of the Abbey of Sainte-Croix. At the start of the 1970s, he was involved in one more restoration project, the work on the church of Saint Nicholas in La Chaume.
Durand died in Les Sables-d’Olonne in February 1978. Today a pavilion in the town is named in his memory.
References
1884 births
1978 deaths
People from Les Sables-d'Olonne
20th-century French architects
Lighthouse builders
Recipients of the Legion of Honour |
69489042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biloda | Biloda | Biloda is a village and a Panchayat in Dewas district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Biloda Village is a major agricultural production area in Madhya Pradesh. In the 2011 Census of India its population was reported as 585.
References
Villages in Dewas district |
41259049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieng%20temples | Dieng temples | Dieng temples () is the group of 7th and/or eighth century Hindu candi or temple compounds located in Dieng Plateau, near Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia. These edifices originate from the Kalingga Kingdom. The plateau is home of eight small Hindu temples that are among the oldest surviving religious structures ever built in Java, and the earliest Hindu temples in Indonesia. The temples show many features of Indian Hindu temple architecture.
The real name of the temples, the history and the king responsible for the construction of these temples ware unknown. This is because the scarcity of data and inscription connected to the construction of these temples. The local Javanese population named each temples according to Javanese wayang characters, mostly taken from Mahabharata epic.
The Kailasa museum nearby contains many pieces of sculpture removed from the temples.
History
It is unclear when they were built, and were estimated to range from mid 7th century to end of 8th century CE; they are the oldest known standing stone structures in Central Java. They are originally thought to have numbered 400 but only eight remain after local farmers removed stone following the draining of the lake in the 19th century.
Examining the Javanese temple architectural styles, archaeologist grouped the Dieng temples within the Northern Central Javanese style, together with Gedong Songo temples, and to some extents also includes the East Javanese Badut temple, and West Javanese Cangkuang and Bojongmenje temple, and suggested that all of these temples are built within the same period, ranges from 7th to 8th century. An inscription discovered near Arjuna temple in Dieng was dated circa 808-809 CE, it was the oldest surviving specimen of old Javanese script, which revealed that the Dieng temple is continuously inhabited from mid 7th to early 9th century.
The Dieng temples was rediscovered in 1814 by a visiting British soldier that spotted temples ruin lies in the middle of a lake. At that time the plain surrounding Arjuna cluster was flooded with water and forming small lake. In 1856, Isidore van Kinsbergen led an effort to drain the lake in order to reveal the temples. The Dutch East Indies Government continued the reconstruction project in 1864, followed by further study and photographs taken by Van Kinsbergen. The temples are now believed to have been named after the heroes of the Hindu epic Mahabharata.
Temple compound
The temples are clustered around three groups; Arjuna, Dwarawati and Gatotkaca clusters, while Bima temple was constructed as a separate single temple.
Arjuna cluster
The main temples compound clustered around the Arjuna temple in the plain surrounded by mountains and hills. Arjuna cluster located in the central area of Dieng plateau, consisting of four temples that lined elongated in north-south direction. Arjuna temple is located at the north end, then successively to the south is the Srikandi, Puntadewa and Sembadra temple. Right in front of Arjuna temple stands Semar temple. The four temples in this cluster are facing west, except for Semar temple that facing east right in the opposite of Arjuna temple. This temple compound is the most intact compared to the other temple group clustered in the Dieng area.
Arjuna temple Compared to other temples, the Arjuna temple is quite intact with complete reconstruction of roof section. Photographs from the 19th century show that the top levels had fallen down.
Semar temple
Srikandi temple
Puntadewa temple
Sembadra temple
Gatotkaca cluster
Gatotkaca group also consists of five temples; the Gatotkaca, Setyaki, Nakula, Sadewa, and Gareng temples. Today only Gatotkaca temple remain stands, other four temples are fallen into ruin.
Gatotkaca temple
Dwarawati cluster
Dwarawati group consisted of four temples, namely Dwarawati, Abiyasa, Pandu, and Margasari temple. However, currently only Dwarawati that remain relatively intact, the rest are in ruins.
Dwarawati temple
Bima temple
Bima temple is a single temple situated on a hill separated from the rest of Dieng temples. This temple is the largest and tallest building in the Dieng temple compound. The shape is different from temples in Central Java in general, and the other temples at this site, and relates more closely to Indian temples. In particular it has been compared to the Parashurameshvara Temple (c. 650) in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, and the very different temple at Bhitargaon. The 7th-century Laxman Temple at Sirpur is closer.
The temple base has a square ground-plan, the facade on each side are slightly protruding out. The front facade protrudes about 1.5 m, serves as a porch before entering the temple's main chamber. Facades on the other three sides forming niches where originally statues or images were stored, currently all niches are empty.
The roof of the temple consists of 5 levels, with each level are decreasing in size upward. Each level is decorated with lotus double seam and gavaksha or kudu niches. These are "window"-shaped arches common as a motif in Hindu temple architecture. Here each contains a head looking out. Such ornaments also can be found in other Javanese temples, such as Kalasan, Gebang and Merak temple. The pinnacle of the roof is missing and its original form is unknown. There are amalaka-type segmented rings at the corners at one level, and the ornament with corbels, leaves and festoons on the lower cornices, below the gavakshas, suggest influence from Chinese Buddhist art.
Architecture
The temples are small shrines built as monuments to the god-ancestors and dedicated to Shiva. The Hindu shrines are miniature cosmic mountains based on plans in Indian religious texts, although Schoppert suggests that though the plans follow Indian texts, the ornament has "design motifs which for the most part have no clear correlate in India". In 2011, in a review published by Romain, the temples were related to Dravida and Pallava style temples of South India.
The temples all have a single chamber inside, with one entrance, sometimes extended to make a small vestibule. The chambers are raised on plinths, and a cornice outside indicates their height inside. There is (or in some cases was) a high superstructure rising above the chamber, for which a variety of Indian forms are used in different temples.
Early North Central Javanese temple architecture is noted for its smaller size, simplicity and relatively lack of ornaments compared to richly decorated and massive temples of Southern Central Java, such as Kalasan, Sewu, and Prambanan. The temples of North Central Java are grouped in irregular clusters, with individual variations of temples styles. This is in contrast to concentric mandala plan of Southern Central Java temples with uniform design of perwara (ancillary) temples.
The earliest architectural usage of the Javanese kala demonic masks and makara marine monsters are exhibited along the niches and doorways of the remaining structures.
The Dieng structures were small and relatively plain, but stone architecture developed substantially in only a matter of decades resulting in masterpieces such as the Prambanan complex and Borobudur.
Gallery
Location
Dieng's misty location almost 2,093 m above sea level, its poisonous effusions and sulphur-coloured lakes make it a particularly auspicious place for religious tribute. The theory that poisonous effusions make it auspicious is now disputed as volcanic activity in this area from 7th to 9th century is yet to established, and records suggest the temple was abandoned after volcanic eruptions became common in central Java.
See also
Dieng Volcanic Complex
Candi of Indonesia
Indonesian architecture
References
Bibliography
Backshall, Stephan et al. (1999) Indonesia The Rough Guide London Penguin pp. 190–195
Dalton, Bill Indonesia Handbook fourth edition pp. 280–283
Dumarcay, J and Miksic J. Temples of the Dieng Plateau in Miksic, John N. 1996 (editor) 1996 Ancient History Volume 1 of Indonesian Heritage Series Archipleago Press, Singapore.
Michell, George, (1977) The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to its Meaning and Forms". pp. 160–161. University of Chicago Press.
7th-century Hindu temples
Hindu temples in Indonesia
Archaeological sites in Indonesia
Cultural Properties of Indonesia in Central Java |
14550009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrobitasta | Scrobitasta | Scrobitasta is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It contains the species Scrobitasta varians, which is found in Argentina.
References
Gnorimoschemini
Gelechiidae genera |
5641554 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heddesheim | Heddesheim | Heddesheim is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 9 km east of Mannheim, and 7 km southwest of Weinheim.
References
Rhein-Neckar-Kreis |
71200805 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lad%20Ash%20%28album%29 | Lad Ash (album) | Lad Ash is the second studio album by London band Real Lies, released on 22 April 2022 through Unreal Records.
Reception
The album has received favourable reviews. Luke Turner of The Quietus called it "the first great London record of the year", and the publication went on to name it as number 23 in their albums of the year so far and 18 in their Top 100 albums of the year chart.Rolling Stone added that since their first record, "the mixture of euphoria, melancholy, bittersweetness, and yearning that defines their music has only grown bigger in scope." Dazed mentioned that "the record is a more coherent and sophisticated work than its predecessor Real Life... borne of disaster, failure and loss, Real Lies' new album Lad Ash, transfigures these things into something beautiful." Paste named it a Best New Album, and said "synth-pop that you can sink yourself into...as nostalgic as it is futuristic, with a sophisticated U.K. club edge that sets them apart from their contemporaries." KEXP called Lad Ash "a brilliant set of addictive, cinematic, nostalgia-soaked electronic-pop that fuses Kharas' distinctive spoken-word vocal delivery with richly textured rhythms that sway from cerebral techno jams to gauzy post-rave soundscapes". Hua Hsu included it in his 2022 My Year In Listening review for The New Yorker, stating that '“Lad Ash” is a fantastic collection of London night-life sketches, by equal turns hopeful and haunted.' Nialler9 named it as the 23rd best album of 2022, and God Is In The TV named it their 8th best.
Track listing
All songs were produced by Real Lies
Personnel and credits
Kevin Lee Kharas – arranger (1, 3-4, 6-8, 10, 12)
Patrick King – arranger (1, 3-4, 6-8, 10, 12)
Real Lies – producer (all tracks)
References
2022 albums
Real Lies albums
Electronica albums by British artists
Electropop albums
Synth-pop albums by British artists
Self-released albums |
68940957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb%20Bunker | Herb Bunker | Herbert Bunker (August 24, 1896 – December 6, 1980) was an American college athlete, coach and administrator. He played four varsity sports at the University of Missouri, earning All-America honors in basketball for all three of his varsity seasons. He then went on to coach football and basketball at several schools, later becoming the head football coach and athletic director at Culver–Stockton College.
Bunker was born in Nevada, Missouri and attended the University of Missouri, where he earned varsity letters in football, basketball, baseball and track. It was in basketball where Bunker distinguished himself the most, earning All-Missouri Valley Conference three times. In 1943, the Helms Athletic Foundation retroactively named Bunker to All-America teams for each of these three years. Following his college career, Bunker served as freshman coach for football and basketball at his alma mater. He was hired as assistant football and head basketball coach at Auburn University in 1924. After a short stint as an assistant football coach at Florida, he became head football coach and athletic director at Culver–Stockton College. He later was head of the physical education department at his alma mater.
Bunker died on December 6, 1980 in Columbia, Missouri.
Head coaching record
Football
References
External links
Missouri Sports Hall of Fame profile
1896 births
1980 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Auburn Tigers football coaches
Auburn Tigers men's basketball coaches
Baseball players from Missouri
Basketball coaches from Missouri
Basketball players from Missouri
Coaches of American football from Missouri
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Culver–Stockton Wildcats athletic directors
Culver–Stockton Wildcats football coaches
Florida Gators football coaches
Missouri Tigers baseball players
Missouri Tigers football coaches
Missouri Tigers football players
Missouri Tigers men's basketball coaches
Missouri Tigers men's basketball players
Missouri Tigers men's track and field athletes
People from Nevada, Missouri
Players of American football from Missouri
Track and field athletes from Missouri |
2457181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20rivers%20of%20Lithuania | List of rivers of Lithuania | Rivers of Lithuania are typical lowland rivers: they are slow, they make meanders, the valleys are wide. Because of abundant precipitation, the river net is dense: on the average 0.99 km of rivers flow in 1 km² of the territory. However, the rivers are not evenly distributed. The highest density is in the Samogitian Highlands where it rains more often and in the northern Lithuania where the soil has clay and it does not allow the water to drain underground. The lowest density is in the southeastern Lithuania where the soil has a lot sand and the rainwater quickly ooze into the underground.
Almost 70% (some 49,600 km²) of the territory of Lithuania are drained by the Neman River and its tributaries. The other five river basins are small and located nears the borders: Mūša-Nemunėlis (Lielupe; 8,976 km²), Venta (5,140 km²), Daugava (1,857 km²), small rivers flowing into the Baltic Sea (2,523 km²) and Pregolya (54 km²). During the winter all rivers freeze over. In the spring almost all rivers flood from melting snow and ice. However, usually only in the Neman River delta the water bursts out of the valley. Nowadays floods are controlled by dams and also due to drainage most rivers have lower water levels than they used to have. In the western Lithuania rivers tend to irregularly flood during the fall because of excessive rains. In the eastern Lithuania rivers tend to discharge a constant amount of water because they are regulated by flow-through lakes and sandy soil, which quickly absorbs any excess rain or snow water.
During the Soviet times (1945-1990) rivers suffered much damage because of drainage. Many swamps were drained and now they cannot feed the rivers anymore. Other smaller rivers were straightened and turned into drainage canals.
Lithuania counts around 29 thousand watercourses, longer than 0.25 km. The total length of all these watercourses would be around 65,000 km. The number of rivers and rivulets longer than 3 km has been calculated very precisely – 4,418. 758 rivers are longer than 10 km. Lithuania has 21 rivers longer than :
Longest rivers
The Virvyčia (99.7 km) is just shy of the 100 km limit. The length of the Žeimena is an object of discussion; it could be up to 114 km.
Note: length in Lithuania also includes the length of rivers when they serve as borders with neighboring countries.
See also
List of drainage basins of Lithuania
Footnotes
References
List of lakes, dams, and rivers of national importance
Lithuania Central Internet Gates - Waters
Lithuania
Rivers |
36858622 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jess%20Hamill | Jess Hamill | Jessica Helen Gillan ( Hamill, born 20 July 1990) is a New Zealand paralympic athlete and shotputter. She represented New Zealand at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing and the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, the latter where she won a bronze medal in the Women's shot put F34.
At the 2010 Commonwealth Games she won a silver medal in the F34 Shot put for elite athletes with a disability.
At the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships, Hamill won a silver medal in the women's shot put F34, earning her automatic qualification for the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro. She was officially confirmed to represent New Zealand at the Paralympics on 23 May 2016.
References
External links
(archive)
Meet Our Paralympians: Jessica Hamill – Attitude Live video profile
1990 births
Living people
New Zealand female shot putters
Paralympic athletes for New Zealand
Paralympic bronze medalists for New Zealand
Paralympic medalists in athletics (track and field)
Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for New Zealand
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
People educated at Verdon College
Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Medallists at the 2010 Commonwealth Games |
58051839 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyella%20agri | Dyella agri | Dyella agri is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Dyella which has been isolated from grassland soil.
References
External links
Type strain of Dyella agri at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Xanthomonadales
Bacteria described in 2017 |
13429243 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rokk%C5%8D%20Alpine%20Botanical%20Garden | Rokkō Alpine Botanical Garden | The is a botanical garden located on Mount Rokkō, Kobe, Japan. It is open daily in the warmer months, except some Thursdays; an admission fee is charged.
The garden was established in 1933 at an altitude of 865 meters near the peak of Mount Rokkō. It currently contains about 1,500 kinds of alpine plants from Japan and the Himalayas, including dicentra, edelweiss, skunk cabbage, and native wild plants.
See also
Kobe Municipal Arboretum (nearby)
List of botanical gardens in Japan
References
Kobe City Info
BGCI entry
Feel Kobe sightseeing article
Buildings and structures completed in 1933
Parks established in the 1930s
Protected areas established in 1933
1933 establishments in Japan
Botanical gardens in Japan
Gardens in Hyōgo Prefecture
Geography of Kobe
Tourist attractions in Kobe |
60252504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexeyevka%2C%20Kamyzyaksky%20District%2C%20Astrakhan%20Oblast | Alexeyevka, Kamyzyaksky District, Astrakhan Oblast | Alexeyevka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Samosdelsky Selsoviet, Kamyzyaksky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 201 as of 2010. There are three streets.
Geography
Alexeyevka is located 38 km southwest of Kamyzyak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Arshin is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Kamyzyaksky District |
29029818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20Natomas%20Men%27s%20Professional%20Tennis%20Tournament%20%E2%80%93%20Singles | 2010 Natomas Men's Professional Tennis Tournament – Singles | Santiago Giraldo was the defending champion, but decided not to participate this year.
John Millman defeated 5th seed Robert Kendrick 6–3, 6–2 in the final match.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
References
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
Natomas Men's Professional Tennis Tournament - Singles
2010 Singles |
4996882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WANT | WANT | WANT (98.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to Lebanon, Tennessee, broadcasting at 98.9 MHz. Most of WANT's broadcast day is simulcast over 1490 AM WCOR, with some exceptions.
Programming
WANT is primarily focused on serving its community of Lebanon and Wilson County. It can be classified as a full-service radio station, mostly featuring country music, but regularly scheduling programs featuring oldies music, funk music, talk shows, and sporting events. Local news, weather, obituaries, and traffic reports regularly appear on weekdays.
Local deejays anchor morning and afternoon drive times with shows that feature country music, trivia, news, weather, and traffic reports. In addition, a long-running local talk show (Coleman & Company) takes one hour of programming each weekday morning (7am to 8am). The show features interviews with local newsmakers and promotes community events. On Saturday nights, the station plays funk & classic R&B music, hosted by "Fantastic Fred Anthony", a longtime fixture of the station. Sunday nights now feature an oldies music show. In addition to Lebanon High School football and basketball, the station is an affiliate of the Tennessee Titans radio network. WANT also broadcasts selected intercollegiate sporting events featuring teams associated with Lebanon's Cumberland University.
At times when no local programming is offered (such as middays, overnights, and weekends), the station takes programming from the "Real Country" radio network. When the station is playing country music (whether locally originated or from the "Real Country" network), it carries the "Real Country FM 98.9" branding. During other programming blocks, it is simply branded as "FM 98.9 WANT". The WCOR simulcast is seldom acknowledged, except in the station's legal identifications.
History
After operating under a construction permit as WJFM, the station's owners petitioned the FCC to change the call letters to WANT (reflecting the original slogan, "You'll WANT to listen!"). The station first signed on the air on October 1, 1993, and the same day, revived sister station WCOR (then on 900 AM) as a simulcast, after it had been off-the-air for over a year. The station was originally branded as "FM 99", and was later tweaked to "FM 98.9" to represent the station's actual frequency.
References
External links
WANT official website
Country radio stations in the United States
ANT
Mass media in Wilson County, Tennessee
Radio stations established in 1993
1993 establishments in Tennessee |
45665563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordstromia%20coffeata | Nordstromia coffeata | Nordstromia coffeata is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Hiroshi Inoue in 1992. It is found in the Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao), Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.
References
Moths described in 1992
Drepaninae |
27312521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna%20Kazanjian%20Longobardo | Anna Kazanjian Longobardo | Anna Kazanjian Longobardo (1928 – December 7, 2020) was the former director of the engineering firm Woodward Clyde Group and a former executive at Unisys Corp. She headed Unisys, supporting the development of military systems and weather radar systems worldwide from 1988 to 1995. She is one of the founders of the Society of Women Engineers, which elected her a fellow in 1991.
Background and work
Longobardo was born in New York City in 1928. In 1949, Longobardo became the first woman to receive a B.S. in mechanical engineering from Columbia University, and in 1952, she received a master's degree from Columbia. During her undergraduate work, Longobardo became interested in analog and digital computer applications and went on to make significant contributions to the aerospace engineering field. She was one of the first women to work aboard US Navy submarines, destroyers and other vessels. She designed and evaluated submarine-towed buoys used to calibrate sonar. Her design increased navigational accuracy for submarines that operated below periscope depth.
After working as a systems engineer at American Bosch Arma Corporation, Longobardo joined Sperry Rand Corp, which became Unisys Corp. At Unisys, she directed the development of radiation-tolerant computers for the United States Air Force and managed programs for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. She later became the first woman executive of Unisys Corporation's defense unit. She was responsible for organizing complex military and weather radar systems in more than 100 locations across the world.
Recognition
Longobardo has served on the corporate boards of Woodward Clyde and Woodward Clyde Federal Services. In 1963 Nelson Rockefeller appointed her to the New York State Women's Council. From 1966 to 1970, she was the director of the Technical Societies Council of New York and was named one of New York's 100 Women of Influence.
She maintains a close relationship with Columbia. A former trustee, she is the first woman to receive the Egleston Medal for distinguished engineering achievements. She was also Vice Chair of Columbia's Engineering Foundation Board and served as chairman of the Bronxville Design Review Committee. She is a current member of the Mechanical Engineering Advisor Board and the Barnard Science Advisory Council. She has also been president of the CESAA Board of Directors and the Columbia Society of Graduates. She was the first woman president of Columbia University's alumni federation.
Longobardo is a long-time active member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Joint Engineering Management Committee, and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
See also
Society of Women Engineers
Columbia University
Unisys
References
External links
Columbia introduction of Anna Longobardo
Columbia engineering newsletter 2010
1928 births
2020 deaths
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
American people of Armenian descent
21st-century American engineers
Armenian engineers
Engineers from New York City |
2092736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru%20Jambheshwar | Guru Jambheshwar | Guru Jambheshwar, also known as Guru Jambhoji, (1451–1536) was the founder of the Bishnoi Panth.
Biography
Jambheshwar was born to a Rajput family of Parmar clan in a remote village Pipasar, Nagaur in 1451. He was the only child of shree Lohat Panwar and Hansa Devi. For the first seven years of his life, Guru Jambeshwar was considered silent and introverted. He spent 27 years of his life as a cow herder.
Founding Bishnoi Panth
Aged 34, Guru Jambheshwar founded the Bishnoi sub-sect of Vaishnavism at Samrathal Dhora. His teachings were in the poetic form known as Shabadwani. He preached for the next 51 years, travelling across the country, and produced 120 Shabads, or verses, of Shabadwani. The sect was founded after the big draught in Rajasthan in 1485. He had laid down 29 principles to be followed by the sect. Killing animals and felling trees were banned. The Khejri tree (Prosopis cineraria), is also considered to be sacred by the Bishnois.
Bishnoi panth revolves around 29 rules. Of these, eight prescribe to preserve biodiversity and encourage good animal husbandry, seven provide directions for healthy social behaviour, and ten are directed towards personal hygiene and maintaining basic good health. The other four commandments provide guidelines for worshipping Vishnu daily.
Legacy and commemoration
The Bishnoi have various temples, of which they consider the most holy to be "Mukti Dham mukam "in the village of Mukam in Nokha tehsil, Bikaner district, Rajasthan. It is there where the most sacred Bishnoi temple is built over samadhi of Guru Jambeshwar. Guru Jambeshwar University of Science and Technology at Hisar in the state of Haryana is named after him.
See also
Bhakti movement
Chipko movement
Khejarli Massacre
References
12. about Guru Jambheshwar News29.co
Indian Hindu religious leaders
Indian environmentalists
Medieval Hindu religious leaders
1451 births
1536 deaths |
33642442 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jijili%20language | Jijili language | The Jijili language, Tanjijili, also known as Ujijili, is a Plateau language of Nigeria. It is one of several languages which go by the ethnic name Koro.
References
Languages of Nigeria
South Plateau languages |
23785481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamul%20House | Gamul House | Gamul House is at 52–58 Lower Bridge Street, Chester, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and contains the only medieval stone-built open hall to survive in Chester.
History
The date of its original building is not known but it was altered in the 17th, 18th and 20th centuries. At the time of the Civil War the house was the home of Sir Francis Gamul, a Royalist supporter and colonel of the Town Guard. Charles I stayed in the house on 23–24 September 1645, when his army was defeated at the Battle of Rowton Moor.
Following the Great Fire of London the town Assembly ruled in 1671 that all the houses in the main streets should have roofs of slate or tile. The medieval frontage of Gamul House was replaced by a brick façade, but the hall was retained. In the 18th century the stone arches in the undercroft were replaced by brick vaults. During the following century this area was occupied by shops. For a time it housed a boarding school but this closed in the 1860s. In the 20th century the house became unoccupied and neglected; when Nikolaus Pevsner visited Chester in the late 1960s he reported that it looked derelict. It was bought by Chester City Council and during the 1970s a major refurbishment took place. As of 2009 the building is occupied by a restaurant and shops.
Architecture
Exterior
The building is constructed in sandstone and timber framing, with a brick frontage and has three storeys. The lowest storey (an undercroft) is occupied by shops. An external staircase parallel to the street has 15 steps leading up to the former row level. Behind the staircase at street level is another shop frontage consisting of a door with a four-light window on each side. The middle storey has a door with an architrave and pediment. There are three windows to the south of the door and two windows to the north, all with 40 panes of glass. Above these is a string course. In the top storey are three oval windows with four panes and two sash windows with six panes. The roof is in grey slate with its ridge parallel to the street; it is hipped at its north end and at the south end is a gable and a chimney stack.
Interior
The undercroft contains a large oak beam and brick barrel vaults. At the row level, the great hall occupies the two storeys. On the west wall of the hall is an ornate sandstone fireplace with decorated pilasters carrying a carved frieze and cornice. On the fireplace is a painting of the arms of the Gamul family, which Pevsner considers was executed by Randle Holme. The barrel-vaulted plaster ceiling has eight richly-carved pendants.
Today
As of 2009 the Row level is occupied by the Brewery Tap Ale House.
See also
Grade II* listed buildings in Cheshire West and Chester
References
Citations
Sources
Grade II* listed buildings in Chester
Grade II* listed houses
History of Chester
Pubs in Chester
Buildings and structures in Chester
Timber framed buildings in Cheshire
Medieval architecture |
38447209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20L.%20Jackson | Kevin L. Jackson | Kevin L. Jackson is an American business executive and writer. He served in the US Navy for fifteen years, before becoming a senior business executive in the computer industry. Jackson is currently the CEO & Founder, GovCloud Network, a consultancy formed to assist agencies and businesses leverage the parallel and global nature of cloud computing.
Naval career
Jackson graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1979 with a BS Aerospace Engineering. He later graduated from the Naval War College with an MA National Security & Strategic Studies degree and an MSEE in Computer Engineering from the Navy Postgraduate School. Between 1979 and 1994, Jackson was an officer in the United States Navy, where he specialized in space systems engineering, airborne logistics, and airborne command and control. He was an aircraft carrier pilot, and during his time with the Navy he also served at the National Reconnaissance Office, Operational Support Office, which provides global logistical support for the Marine Corps and Navy. He also served at the US Navy Space Technology Program.
Computer industry
Between 1996 and 1999 Jackson served as Chief Technology Officer of Sentel Corporation, which was the winner of the NASA Small Business Innovative Research program under his direction. In 1997 Jackson attended the first annual International Symposium on Wearable Computers on behalf of the company and was featured in the New York Times coverage of the event. In January 1999 Jackson wrote in Speech Technology Magazine: "For the first time in the nearly 40–year history of "wearable" computers, reality can meet society's expectations ... an ideal wearable computer would not only provide a seamless interface for aural and visual communication, but also remain accessible to the user's mouth, ears, and eyes throughout the range of daily activities." After leaving Sentel, Jackson worked as a senior executive in the private sector, including for companies like IBM and JP Morgan Chase. He also served as a vice president for Dataline LLC. In February 2010 Jackson became the General Manager of Cloud Computing Services for NJVC. That year Jackson was named a "Cyber Security Visionary" by US Black Engineer & IT magazine.
Publishing
In 1995-96 Jackson co-produced the interactive CD-ROM Black Wings - A Chronicle of African Americans in Aviation, in conjunction with the Smithsonian Institution. The CD covers the contributions that African-Americans have made to aviation in America, with narration from Montel Williams. Since 2008 Jackson has run a cloud-computing blog entitled Cloud Musings by Kevin Jackson. In 2011 the Cloud Computing Journal named Jackson's blog one of the top 100 blogs on cloud computing in the United States. Since March 2011 Jackson has also written the Cloud Musing on Forbes blog for Forbes Magazine, covering the growing use of cloud computing in both the public and private sectors.
In 2011 Jackson co-authored the government training book GovCloud: Implementation and Cloud Brokerage Service with Don Philpott. In 2012 Jackson released the book's follow-up GovCloud II: Implementation and Cloud Brokerage Service. He then appeared as an author on Kansas City's NPR on November 25, 2012, where he discussed the government mandates to move the US Federal government to a cloud-based network. Jackson had been previously interviewed by the national NPR regarding the Federal government's push for cloud-computing, including in December 2008 when the incoming US President Barack Obama made the decision to convert the White House's computer system cloud–computing.
Kevin L. Jackson has been globally recognized as a cloud computing expert, Dell "PowerMore" Thought Leader and Founder/Author of the award winning “Cloud Musings” blog. Jackson has also been recognized as a “Top 100 Cybersecurity Influencer and Brand” by Onalytica (2015), a Huffington Post “Top 100 Cloud Computing Experts on Twitter” (2013), a “Top 50 Cloud Computing Blogger for IT Integrators” by CRN (2015) and a “Top 5 Must Read Cloud Blog” by BMC Software (2015). His next publication, “Practical Cloud Security: A Cross Industry View”, will be released by Taylor & Francis in the spring of 2016.
References
1950s births
Living people
American bloggers
American business executives
Cloud computing
Naval War College alumni
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Navy officers |
51034021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilardi | Gilardi | Gilardi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alessandro Gilardi (born 1995), Italian football player
Domenico Gilardi (1785–1845), Italian architect
Enrico Gilardi (born 1957), Italian basketball player
Fabrizio Gilardi (born 1975), Swiss political scientist
Gianpietro Gilardi (born 1938), Italian rower
Gilardo Gilardi (1889–1963), Argentine composer, pianist and conductor
Juan Ignacio Gilardi (born 1981). Argentine retired field hockey player
Luigi Gilardi (1897–1989), Italian cyclist
Mauro Gilardi (born 1982), Italian footballer
Mauro Gilardi (born 1982), Italian footballer
Pier Celestino Gilardi (1837–1905), Italian painter
Piero Gilardi (1942–2023), Italian artist
Thierry Gilardi (1958–2008), French football commentator
See also
Ghilardi
Ghirardi
Italian-language surnames |
2014227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravine | Ravine | A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (Nevis), gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight)
A ravine is generally a fluvial slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterized by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial watercourse.
Notable ravines
Babi Yar, Ukraine
Bam Bam Amphitheaters, Gabon
Barranco de Badajoz, Spain
Barranco del Infierno, Spain
Gravina Ravine, Italy
Moola Chotok, Pakistan
Ravenna Park, United States
Rauðfeldsgjá, Iceland
Stuðlagil, Iceland
Taishaku Valley, Japan
Toronto ravine system, Canada
References
External links
Erosion landforms
Fluvial landforms
Slope landforms
Oronyms |
20669284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAFIM | TAFIM | Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management (TAFIM) was a 1990s reference model for enterprise architecture by and for the United States Department of Defense (DoD).
TAFIM provided enterprise-level guidance for the evolution of the DoD Technical infrastructure. It identifies the services, standards, concepts, components, and configurations that can be used to guide the development of technical architectures that meet specific mission requirements.
TAFIM has been developed by the United States Department of Defense from 1986 until 1999. Parallel in 1994 they started the development of the C4ISR Architecture Framework, which evolved into the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) in the new millennium. TAFIM concepts are further developed in TOGAF, which first version in 1995 was based on the TAFIM framework.
Overview
The "Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management" (TAFIM) was described in 1995 as:
a target common conceptual framework or reference model for an information system infrastructure
and the specific applications that the information system must support.
This architecture, and associated model, is not a specific system design. Rather, it establishes a common vocabulary and defines a set of services and interfaces common to information systems. It identifies standards and guidelines in terms of the architecture services and interfaces.
The architecture serves to facilitate the development of plans that will lead to interoperability between mission area applications, portability across mission areas and cost reductions through the use of common services.
TAFIM subsumes the widely accepted Open-system environment reference model within the network services and communications area.
History
The development of TAFIM started around 1986 at the US Defense Information Systems Agency/Center for Information Management. The first concept of TAFIM was derived from the NIST Application Portability Profile and the POSIX (or IEEE P1003.00SE) model.
The first draft of TAFIM was completed in 1991 with the TAFIM Technical Reference Model (TAFIM TRM). Developed by a team led by Burnes St. Patrick Hollyman, James M. Kerr and John Keane, this technical reference model wanted to use open systems and new technologies available in the commercial market, to develop a DoD-wide application. The TAFIM project has resulted in an eight-volume Information Technology Architecture "how-to" manual, see image. Before being officially published in 1996 by the Department of Defense, the approach was successfully piloted at both the U.S. Marine Corps and the DoD Health Affairs by teams led by Hollyman, Kerr, Keane.
The original development of TOGAF Version 1 in 1995 was based on the Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management. The US Department of Defense gave The Open Group explicit permission and encouragement to create TOGAF by building on the TAFIM, which itself was the result of many years of development effort and many millions of dollars of US Government investment.
The 1996 US DoD publication on TAFIM was the latest version published. TAFIM has been cancelled as a stand-alone document in 1999. In 2000 the whole TAFIM concept and its regulations have been re-evaluated and found inconsistent with the newly developed DoDAF architecture direction. For this reason all references to TAFIM have been removed from DoD documentation since then.
TAFIM was abruptly cancelled due to the following flaws:
TAFIM required a large investment of both time and money
The elapsed time required to produce the architecture makes it close to obsolete before completion
Architectures of such complexity required specialized and reasonably uncommon IT expertise to complete. The end result is normally incomprehensible to a business-oriented audience and is harder to trace to the business strategy
That said, many of the core contributions to IT architectural thinking introduced within the TAFIM effort were retained and built upon through DoDAF, including TAFIM’s central concept of four interdependent architectural views. This concept, in fact, lives on in most modern discussions of IT architectures to this day.
TAFIM topics
DoD technical and data standards
Defense’s technical and data standards are designed to enable systems to easily interoperate and transfer information. Its standard definitions for data elements are intended to ensure that users of all Defense systems define the same data in the same way and have a common understanding of their meaning. Defense has developed or is in the process of defining technical standards in the 1990s with the Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management (TAFIM), the Joint Technical Architecture (JTA), and the Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment (DII COE).
The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) is responsible for developing, obtaining from commercial sources, and maintaining the compilation of Defense Information Infrastructure technical standards, and it is responsible for maintaining a Defense data dictionary system as a repository of data requirements and for facilitating the cross-functional coordination and approval of standard formats, definitions, etc. PSAs, the military services, Defense agencies, and Joint Chiefs of Staff are responsible for reaching agreement on the standards and approving them as DOD standard data elements. DISA is then responsible for disseminating the approved standard data elements for use throughout the Department.
DoD Standards-Based Architecture Planning Process
The Standards-Based Architecture (SBA) planning process. defined by the TAFIM, consists of seven distinct, but interdependent, phases. Each phase of the SBA process is intended to create specific deliverable products and or documents, that guide the subsequent phase. The seven phases are briefly outlined below.
Phase 1, Initiation and Architecture Framework : The methodology begins with a proper initiation of the process within the host organization. This involves developing a set of strategic drivers for the organization. Further, a business model is reviewed or built to establish a strategic target operation model.
Phase 2. Baseline Characterization : This grounding phase intends to determine the organization's current architecture. It is an assessment of the current environment, which results in a characterization in four key dimensions or views: work, information, application and technology.
Phase 3. Target Architecture : The various views of the framework are modeled in terms of a desirable target architecture, usually 3 to 5 years in the future.
Phase 4. Opportunity Identification : Step from the conceptual reflection to practical realities and implementation, with determination of development projects needed.
Phase 5. Migration Options : Links the reality of the present with the desirability of the target architecture by establishing one or more plateaus representing practical migration stages.
Phase 6. Implementation Planning : Phase results in a detailed implementation plan for the first plateau of the migration effort.
Phase 7. Institutionalizing the ITA Process : This phase is intended to keep the architecture alive and well by continuously improving it.
Integrated Model of Architectural Views
The "Integrated Model of Four Architectural Views" is part of the target architecture, defined in the TAFIM. It gives a vision on the organization in all of its architectural views, especially the work architecture. The model, see figure, depicts an overall framework to develop the target architecture deliverable. Each view of the target architecture has some overlap with aspects of the other views. This overlap supports the argument that the model depicts the developing of a single, integrated architecture.
The entire enterprise, as defined, includes Work organization, Information, Application, and Technology. This leads to the four different views:
Work Organization View : The work view of architecture is developed by identifying specific classes of users within the business environment (e.g. executives, planners, administrators, engineers, recruiters), business location (e.g. headquarters, sales office, plant, warehouse); and the logical representation of the business functions that are required to deliver products and services.
Information Management View : The information architecture of the enterprise will contain three levels of detail, subject areas, data groups, and data attributes.
Application View : This view focuses on the opportunities to autonomate aspects of work and or the access to information needed to perform work.
Technology Infrastructure View : This areas of architecture uses specific component-level models to provide the basic for linking the technology view of the architecture to the work, information, and application views. The linchpin is the generic application environment.
This gallery with the four views shows the interrelationship between the four views as mentioned earlier. In the view models of later Enterprise Architecture frameworks, such as the DoDAF the views are presented in layers and no longer interconnected.
See also
Enterprise Architecture framework
Enterprise Architecture Planning
GERAM
Open System Environment Reference Model
Treasury Information System Architecture Framework
Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework
TOGAF
Technical architecture
References
External links
TAFIM website, 1997 at archive.org
Enterprise architecture frameworks |
63217520 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unseen%20Masters | Unseen Masters | Unseen Masters, Modern Struggles against Hidden Powers is a 2001 Horror fiction tabletop role-playing game adventure, written by Bruce Ballon, with a cover by Matt Harpold, and published by Chaosium for Call of Cthulhu.
Contents
Unseen Masters, is a book of three mini-campaigns for use in modern Call of Cthulhu: "The Wild Hunt", "The Truth Shall Set You Free", and "Coming of Age".
Reception
The reviewer from the online second volume of Pyramid stated that "In comparison with the classic period of the 1920s, the modern day has seen relatively scant coverage from Chaosium for their venerable RPG, Call of Cthulhu. This is not to belittle their releases for the modern day such as Utatti Asfet, The Stars Are Right, or The Resection of Time, but many feel that none have come close to Pagan Publishing's Delta Green setting and books in terms of tone and feel. Yet now Chaosium have published a contemporary set campaign that can justifiably said to come very close."
Unseen Masters won the Origins Award for Best Role-Playing Game Adventure of 2001.
References
Call of Cthulhu (role-playing game) adventures
Origins Award winners
Role-playing game supplements introduced in 2001 |
12490863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenskeeper | Greenskeeper | A greenskeeper is a person responsible for the upkeep of a golf course. Their duties include all horticultural practices, as well as the setting of flag-sticks and marking of hazards. Other responsibilities typically include raking bunkers, watering plants, repairing divots, trimming tee boxes, and mowing the course. Greenskeepers often work under the direction of a golf course superintendent.
Work and duties
Setting flag-sticks
Greenskeepers set the flag-sticks and tee markers, distinguishing their role from that of other groundskeepers and horticulturists. Tee markers distinguish the line from which players tee off or strike the golf ball. Flag-sticks mark the location of the hole for which the players are aiming.
The distance between the tee marker and flag-stick affects difficulty and gameplay. Almost every golf course is measured and rated according to distance, often measured in yardage. It is the greenskeeper's repsponsibility to keep the cumulative yardage for daily play close to the rating for the course; guidelines are not exact and the movement of flag-sticks is largely left to the greenskeeper's discretion.
In order to place a flag-stick, greenskeepers use a cup-cutting tool. Soil is saved to repair the previous hole. Then, a cup-setter tool is used to place the top of the cup about 1 inch (25 mm) below the green's surface. Due to wear and tear, flag-sticks are often moved daily during the summer season. New flag-stick locations are at least 12 to 20 feet (3.7 to 6.1 meters) from the previous location.
Monitoring green speed
Greenskeepers measure the speed of golf greens with a stimpmeter, a device that measures how fast a green allows the golf ball to travel. The stimpmeter not used to compare one facility with another; many factors, including design, undulation, and grass type, affect green speed. A greenskeeper can increase the speed of the green by mowing the grass shorter, mowing more than once in multiple directions, using a lightweight roller, or topdressing the green with a small amount of fine sand to alter the putting surface.
See also
Groundskeeping § Groundskeeping equipment
Turf management § Golf courses
References
Further reading
Stimpmeter Instruction Booklet at the USGA.
Guide to building and maintaining putting greens
About the concept of "homeowner" greenskeepers
Golf people
Sports occupations and roles
Horticulture
Lawn care |
2469842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Bayoud | George Bayoud | George Salim Bayoud Jr. (born 1955) is a real estate investor in Dallas, Texas.
Biography
Bayoud serves on the board of The Beck Group, the Crossroads Group and Fund, and the Bayoud Group. He has served on the board or as a senior advisor for Lehman Brothers, the Dallas Cowboys, the Parks and Wildlife Foundation of Texas, Dallas Zoological Society, the Texas Business Hall of Fame, Texas Lyceum, Greater Dallas Crime Commission, D/FW Advisory Board of the Nature Conservancy, the Associate Board of Southern Methodist University Cox School of Business, Phoenix House of Texas, and the St. Mark's School of Texas, from which he graduated.
Bayoud graduated thereafter from the University of Texas at Austin, at which he was the president of the Texas Cowboys and interned in the office of Republican U.S. Senator John Tower. He served in both administrations of Texas Governor Bill Clements, first as personal assistant to the governor and, in his second term, as chief of staff and then as Secretary of State of Texas. At the time, he was the youngest secretary of state in the nation. After leaving government, Bayoud and Clements founded Raven Interests of Texas, Inc., a real estate investments firm, in Dallas.
His father, George Sr., an emigrant from Marjayoun, Lebanon, was a long-time surgeon at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and was appointed in 1988 by Governor Clements to the Texas Board of Medical Examiners.
References
1955 births
Living people
20th-century American businesspeople
21st-century American businesspeople
American politicians of Lebanese descent
American real estate businesspeople
Businesspeople from Texas
Politicians from Dallas
Secretaries of State of Texas
St. Mark's School (Texas) alumni
Texas Republicans
University of Texas at Austin alumni |
44954112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snap%21%20Attack%3A%20The%20Best%20of%20Snap%21 | Snap! Attack: The Best of Snap! | Snap! Attack: The Best of Snap! is the first Greatest hits album from German Eurodance group Snap!.
Background
In 1996, and following the release of three studio albums, Snap! officially disbanded and released a greatest hits compilation called Snap! Attack: The Best of Snap!.
New versions of their hits "The Power" and "Rhythm Is a Dancer" were released as singles and both charted in Sweden at No.40 and No.58. However, these were not included on the track listing of the album.
Critical reception
Track listing
The Power (7" Version) (3:46) from World Power
Ooops Up (7" Edit) (3:57) from World Power
Cult of Snap (World Power Radio Mix) (3:59) from World Power
Mary Had a Little Boy (Radio Edit) (3:41) from World Power
Colour of Love (Massive 7") (3:59) from The Madman's Return
Rhythm Is a Dancer (7" Edit) (3:41) from The Madman's Return
Exterminate (7" Edit) (4:13) from The Madman's Return
Do You See The Light (Looking For) (7") (4:09) from The Madman's Return
Welcome to Tomorrow (Are You Ready?) (4:12) from Welcome to Tomorrow
The First the Last Eternity (Till the End) (7" Edit) (3:54) from Welcome to Tomorrow
The World in My Hands (7" Mix) (3:55) from Welcome to Tomorrow
Rame (Original Version) (3:54) from Welcome to Tomorrow
Mega Mix (7" Edit) (4:39) Non-album single
Personnel
Artwork By [Cover Production] – Anzilotti & Münzing Productions
Artwork By [Design] – Alexandra Jugovic
Vocals – Penny Ford (tracks: 1 to 4, 13), Turbo B. (tracks: 1 to 6, 13), Niki Haris (tracks: 7 and 8), Summer (tracks: 9 to 11)
Charts
"Snap! Attack: The Best of Snap!" peaked in the top 20 in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands.
Year-end charts
References
Snap! albums
1996 greatest hits albums |
14368363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco%20Huck | Marco Huck | Muamer Hukić (born 11 November 1984), best known as Marco Huck, is a Bosniak, nationalized German professional boxer. He held the WBO cruiserweight title from 2009 to 2015, and is the joint-longest reigning cruiserweight world champion of all time, having made thirteen consecutive successful defenses, a division record shared with Johnny Nelson. Huck also held the IBO cruiserweight title from 2016 to 2017, the European cruiserweight title from 2008 to 2009, and has challenged once for the WBA (Regular) heavyweight title in 2012.
Early life
Huck is an ethnic Bosniak, born in Serbia, who moved to Germany with his family when he was eight years old, and has since become a naturalized citizen.
Kickboxing career
Huck started Taekwondo and Kickboxing at the age of ten. As an amateur kickboxer, he won a gold medal at the W.A.K.O European championships in 2002 and 2003.
Kickboxing highlights
Amateur Kickboxing
2003 W.A.K.O. World Championships 2003 in Paris, France −86 kg (Full-Contact)
2002 W.A.K.O. European Championships in Jesolo, Italy −86 kg (Full-Contact)
Professional boxing career
Cruiserweight
Early career
Huck decided to switch to boxing, having participated in the sport since he was 15.
Huck has notable victories over opponents such as Michael Simms, Claudio Rîșco, Pietro Aurino and Vadim Tokarev. Before challenging for his first world title, Huck gained a record of 19 wins with no losses.
Huck vs. Cunningham
Huck challenged Steve Cunningham on 29 December 2007 for his first world title, the IBF Cruiserweight title. After eleven hard fought and exhausting rounds, the twelfth begun; Cunningham was landing hard shots as Huck kept moving forward. Following a rough clinch between the two, Cunningham landed a vicious straight right counter, the fighters clinched and Huck fell. Once he was back on his feet, Huck walked back against the ropes signalling that the shot had hurt him and Cunningham went straight in for the attack. For the remainder of the round, Cunningham chased his German counterpart across the ring hitting him with a barrage of hard shots which ended when Huck's corner threw in the towel and ended the beating.
European champion
Huck won the EBU (European) cruiserweight title in September 2008 after defeating Jean Marc Monrose via a 12th round stoppage win. Huck made three successful defences defeating Fabio Tuiach, Geoffrey Battelo and Vitaliy Rusal, with all coming inside the distance.
Huck vs. Ramirez
On 29 August 2009, Huck challenged Argentine boxer Victor Emilio Ramírez for his WBO cruiserweight title at the Gerry Weber Stadium in Halle, Germany. On fight night, Huck went the 12 round distance and claimed the WBO title on unanimous decision. The judges score it 116–111, 116–111, and 115–112 in favour of Huck.
Title defences
Huck went on to make 8 successful defenses of the title from December 2009 up until October 2011. Notable opponents he defeated included unanimous decisions over Ran Nakash and Ola Afolabi, the latter who he went on to fight a further three times, TKO wins over Matt Godfrey and Brian Minto and a split decision win over future unified world champion Denis Lebedev.
Heavyweight
Huck vs. Povetkin
After a string of defenses, Huck challenged Alexander Povetkin for the WBA heavyweight title. In December 2011, a deal was reached for Povetkin to make his second defence against Huck on 25 February 2012 at Porsche Arena in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg. Huck made the challenge in the post fight press conference of Povetkin's win over Cedric Boswell. It was noted that Huck would not vacate his WBO title, until after the fight, where he would assess the situation. Huck stated if he was to win the title, he would likely remain at heavyweight to challenge one of the Klitschko brothers, but would be given 10 days by the WBO to decide. Huck reached out to David Haye and Evander Holyfield to help with sparring. In January 2012, the promoters of Huck, Povetkin and Rahman attended a meeting where they discussed the winner of Povetkin vs. Huck would defend the WBA title against Rahman next. During this time, trainer Teddy Atlas failed to travel to Russia and announced he had parted ways with Povetkin. Russian trainer Alexander Zimin stepped in on short notice. For his debut at heavyweight, Huck weighed 209.4 pounds and Povetkin weighed 229.2 pounds.
Povetkin won the fight via majority decision. The fight proved to be a tough test for Povetkin. One judge scored the fight a 114–114 draw, with the remaining two judges scoring the fight 116–113 and 116–112 in favour of Povetkin. All three ringside announcers from EPIX scored the fight in favour of Huck. Chisora and Dimitrenko, who were sat ringside, scored the fight a draw. Arthur Abraham and Tomasz Adamek scored the fight clearly for Huck. The opening round started off slow however Povetkin started taking over the fight landing body shots and using his straight rights. In round 4, Huck began to let his hands go and found his range, even rocking Povetkin. Huck controlled the championship rounds as Povetkin began to show signs of fatigue. Huck came close to dropping Povetkin in the final round. After the fight, Povetkin admitted, "I underestimated him. Perhaps I didn't take this fight seriously enough." Huck said, "A lot of people who saw this fight see me as the winner." It was reported that Huck had injured his right between rounds 6 and 7. The verdict was met with boos around the arena.
Return to cruiserweight
Huck vs. Afolabi II
After failing to capture a heavyweight title, Huck returned to the cruiserweight division. Huck made a ninth successful defence on 5 May 2012 at the Messehalle in Erfurt, Germany against Ola Afolabi (19-2-3, 9 KOs), a rematch to their first match which took place in 2009. The match ended in a majority draw as judge Ingo Barrabas and Paul Thomas had it 114–114 and Zoltan Enyedi scored it 115–113 in Huck's favour.
Huck vs. Arslan
Huck next defended his title against German boxer Firat Arslan (32-5-2, 21 KOs) at the Gerry Weber Stadium in Halle, Nordrhein-Westfalen on 3 November. Huck defeated Arslan via 12 round unanimous decision, after the scores of 115–113, 115–113, and 117–111. Many fans and pundits ringside felt as though Arslan had done enough to win. Arslan's coach Dieter Wittmann commented, "This fight was the biggest scam that I've ever seen. It's a disgrace."
Huck vs. Afolabi III
Following the controversial ending were Huck defeated Arslan, the WBO made Ola Afolabi as the new mandatory challenger for Huck's WBO title. The fight took place at the Max Schmeling Halle in Berlin on 8 June 2013. Afolabi had not fought in 13 months, last fighting in the majority draw with Huck in May 2012. The fight went the full 12 round distance with Huck claiming the majority decision thus successfully retaining the title an 11th time. The judges score the fight 117–111, 115–113, and 114–114. Huck gathered an early lead in the fight winning at least 5 of the first 7 rounds, before Afolabi started getting into the fight.
Huck vs. Arslan II
On 25 January 2014, Huck made a defence fighting Firat Arslan for a second time at the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer Halle in Stuttgart. Huck scored his 26th stoppage victory after he stopped Arslan in round 6. Arslan started off the fight defensively, however after a couple of rounds, Huck found his way through with power shots. Huck dropped Arslan twice in the bout.
Huck matched the record for most consecutive world title defenses at cruiserweight, held by Johnny Nelson, when he successfully retained the WBO cruiserweight title against Mirko Larghetti on 30 August 2014, his thirteenth successful consecutive title defense.
Huck vs. Głowacki
Huck was due to make history against undefeated Krzysztof Głowacki, as it was to be his fourteenth defense, a new record. The bout took place on 14 August 2015 in Huck's American debut at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey on Premier Boxing Champions. Głowacki came out extremely aggressive and was effective early, going as far as to rock Huck in the opening round. As the rounds went on, Huck took control and in the sixth, he dropped his Polish counterpart with a huge left hand, Głowacki staggered to his feet and as the ref allowed the fight to continue, Huck came in to finish and Głowacki threw back everything he had, rocking Huck in the process and keeping him from ending the bout. The fight continued, and it was becoming more and more clear that Huck was taking control, he hit Głowacki with a huge punch in the tenth but his opponent survived. Coming into the eleventh round Huck was ahead on all three scorecards, he out-boxed the now desperate Głowacki for most of the round. Until after throwing a barrage of shots, Huck moved back with his hands down and Głowacki threw a vicious left-right combination and Huck tumbled back. He got back up on rubbery legs, and as the ref allowed the bout to continue, Głowacki rushed in and threw everything at Huck while he lay on the ropes, he took two huge right hands as he dropped down against the ropes, just as the referee came in and waved off the bout. Huck lost his WBO cruiserweight title and failed to break the record.
Huck vs. Afolabi IV
Huck met Afolabi for a fourth time on 27 February 27, 2016 at the Gerry Weber Stadium in Germany. Huck claimed Afolabi's International Boxing Organization cruiserweight title with the victory after Afolabi failed return for round 11. Referee Jack Reiss stopped the fight on doctor's advice due to the bad condition of Afolabi's left eye. By round seven Afolabi's left eye was swollen shut. In the Post fight interview, Afolabi stated that he would have continued to fight, but he thanked the officials for protecting him as he was unable to do so.
Huck was scheduled to defend his IBO world title against British boxer Ovill McKenzie (25-12-1, 13 KO's) at the Festhalle Arena in Frankfurt on 24 September. On September 20, a week before the fight, McKenzie pulled out of the fight due to illness. It was said that McKenzie had been given medical advice from health professionals. McKenzie later retired.
Huck vs. Kucher
On 18 October, it was announced that Huck would be defending his IBO title against Ukrainian boxer Dmytro Kucher (24-1-1, 18 KOs) on 19 November at the TUI Arena in Hanover. Kucher, ranked number 6 by the WBC, was regarded a dangerous first defence, having only lost to world cruiserweight challenger Illunga Makabu. Kucher was coming off an impressive first-round knockout off former WBO champion Enzo Maccrinelli in June, also sending him into retirement. Kucher claimed the EBU title by defeating Maccrinelli. Huck retained his IBO title with a 12-round unanimous decision win over Kucher. Huck was pressured throughout the whole 12 rounds with Kucher adopting a southpaw stance and giving Huck problems. Huck hurt Kucher in the 8th round after landing a hard right hand and then attempted to finish him off, but could only throw him on the canvas. After 12 rounds, the judges scored the fight 117–111, 119–109, and 117–111.
Huck vs. Briedis
Due to Tony Bellew fighting David Haye instead of taking on mandatory challenger Mairis Briedis (21-0, 18 KOs), the WBC ordered a match for the interim WBC cruiserweight title between Huck and Briedis, where the winner would earn a fight with Bellew for the full WBC title or possibly elevated to full championship status if Bellew decides to vacate and stay at heavyweight. Negotiations were underway with a venue in Germany being discussed with the fight taking place on 1 April 2017. On 18 January, Huck Sports Promotion announced the fight will take place at the Westfalenhalle in Dortmund. Bellew was named WBC Emeritus Champion on 28 March 2017 meaning the winner between Huck and Briedis would become full world champion. Huck failed to capture the vacant WBC title and lost his IBO title in a one sided 12 round unanimous decision loss. The first couple of rounds seemed close as there was not much action, from the third round, Briedis installed the jab and controlled the pace of the fight en route to becoming the first Latvian to win a world title. The three judges scorecards read 118–109, 117–110, and 116–111 in favour or Briedis. Huck confirmed he would not be retiring despite his fourth career loss. "I’m too young to stop. I’m a true warrior. We’ll get the title back", he said.
World Boxing Super Series
On 27 June 2017 Huck announced that he would be participating in the World Boxing Super Series 8-man tournament which would start in September 2017. In a press release, Huck said, "I am thrilled to be joining the Champions League of Boxing. In the great history of the sport there has never been a tournament like this. Eight world-class fighters will enter the competition but just one man can prevail. I cannot wait to show the world that I am best of all those strong champions." The draw for the bracket style tournament was set to take place on 8 July 2017 in Monte Carlo.
Huck vs. Usyk
At the Draft Gala, Oleksandr Usyk (12-0, 10 KOs), who was first-seeded, meaning he had the first pick of the tournament, chose to fight Huck in the quarter finals. When Usyk was asked why he chose Huck, he replied that it was because of his fans. Huck, also excited about the fight, said, "This was my wish opponent." The fight, would be contested for Usyk's WBO cruiserweight title. On July 26, it was announced that the fight would take place at the Max-Schmeling-Halle in Berlin on 9 September 2017. This would mark the second time Usyk would fight in Germany in his professional career, having fought their on his third professional bout in April 2014. It would also mark the first fight of the tournament.
On 6 September, at the final press conference, Huck pushed Usyk in the face-off. In regards to the shove, Huck said, "I wanted to show Usyk that he is my hometown and that he should be prepared for the battle of his life on Saturday." Usyk, who remained professional and calm, replied, "If you want to be a great champion, you have to beat the best and Huck is one of the best. I chose to enter this tournament because it is a path to achieve my dream of unifying all the belts. There's a prestigious trophy at stake too, the Muhammad Ali Trophy. We were born on the same day and I admire Ali because he is the biggest role model in boxing and I will thank God if I win a trophy with his name on it." As he was leaving the building, Usyk claimed he would 'bury' Huck.
On fight night, Usyk used his footwork and combination punching to cruise to a TKO win. On top of his dominant performance, Usyk taunted Huck throughout the fight. In round 8, Usyk tripped on Huck's feet and Huck lost a point on the scorecards as he threw a punch at Usyk when the latter was down. Usyk continued to land combinations with little to no response from Huck until referee Robert Byrd stopped the fight in the tenth round. With the win, Usyk progressed to the semi-final stage of the Super Series and is slated to face the winner of the Mairis Briedis–Mike Perez fight. Huck has now suffered back to back defeats for the first time in his career.
Return to heavyweight
On 12 October 2017, Huck told German tabloid BILD, that he would not be retiring from the sport, but rather continue his career in 2018 campaigning once again at heavyweight. Huck made the decision after suffering his second stoppage loss in his last five fights. Huck fought his only heavyweight fight in 2012, unsuccessfully challenging Alexander Povetkin for the WBA 'Regular' title. On 4 April 2018, Huck Box Promotion and Petko's Box Promotion jointly announced that Huck would be returning on a card in Munich on 16 June 2018 at heavyweight. On 9 April, 41 year old Turkish-born German boxer Yakup Saglam (40-4-0, 37 KOs) was announced as Huck's opponent. Huck stopped Saglam in round 4 via TKO of their scheduled 10-round bout. The fight came to an end 26 seconds into round 4, when Saglam's corner threw in the towel.
Huck vs. Guivas
Almost 4 years after his US debut, Huck had his second fight in the US against Nick Guivas on 17 May 2019. Huck dropped Guivas twice in the first round, and was initially awarded the TKO victory. However, after a review it was announced that the second knockdown was caused by an accidental foul. The fight was called a no-contest after the review.
Huck vs. Lewandowski
On 29 August 2020, Huck fought Dennis Lewandowski. Huck dominated Lewadowski and won every round en route to a unanimous decision victory.
Professional boxing record
Television viewership
Germany
References
External links
Marco Huck - Profile, News Archive & Current Rankings at Box.Live
1984 births
Living people
Bosniaks of Serbia
World Boxing Organization champions
People from Sjenica
Sportspeople from Zlatibor District
Serbian emigrants to Germany
German male boxers
Heavyweight boxers
International Boxing Organization champions
European Boxing Union champions
World cruiserweight boxing champions
Naturalized citizens of Germany |
1624652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bojangles%20%28restaurant%29 | Bojangles (restaurant) | Bojangles OpCo, LLC., doing business as Bojangles (known as Bojangles' Famous Chicken 'n Biscuits until 2020), is an American regional chain of fast food restaurants that specializes in Cajun-seasoned fried chicken and buttermilk biscuits and primarily serves the Southeastern United States. The company was founded in Charlotte, North Carolina, in 1977 by Jack Fulk and Richard Thomas.
Bojangles has previously franchised restaurants in Grand Cayman Island, Jamaica, Honduras, Mexico, Ireland and China. , restaurants are in 17 U.S. states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia) with planned expansions into New Jersey. Its home state of North Carolina has the largest number of locations.
In July 2023, the company announced plans to open 20 restaurants on the West coast, starting in Las Vegas.
History
The first Bojangles location opened in 1977 in Charlotte. In the following year, the first franchised restaurant began operations.
Jack Fulk sold the Bojangles concept to the now-defunct Horn & Hardart Company of New York in 1981.
Bojangles received fame in 1989 because its restaurants remained open when Hurricane Hugo struck the Carolinas when most other fast-food restaurants had closed.
During Horn and Hardart's ownership, the chain grew rapidly and expanded to 335 restaurants including 100 in Florida. Part of this growth was fueled by acquisitions including the Florida-based Biscuits chain.
In 1990, Horn and Hardart sold most of its interest to Sienna Partners and Interwest Partners. The company was then headed by the former KFC executive, Dick Campbell. In 1994, the company attempted a public offering. Campbell was subsequently replaced by CEO Jim Peterson. The company was sold to a group of investors headed by the former Wendy's executive Joe Drury and financed by FMAC in 1998.
Bojangles expanded throughout the 1990s and 2000s, with the 300th location opened in 2003. The restaurant started its first college campus location on the grounds of Central Piedmont Community College in 2005. The company also purchased naming rights to the original Charlotte Coliseum on Independence Boulevard in Charlotte.
Bojangles was purchased again in 2007 by Falfurrias Capital Partners, a private equity firm. The first airport location was opened in 2008 at the Charlotte Douglas International Airport. In August 2011, Falfurrias sold Bojangles to Boston-based Advent International, another private equity firm, after a competitive bidding process with other investors.
In 2012, Bojangles began sponsoring the NASCAR race Bojangles' Southern 500, and opened another college campus restaurant at UNC Greensboro.
The company's 600th restaurant opened on July 8, 2014, on Galleria Road in Charlotte with Charlotte mayor Dan Clodfelter cutting the celebratory ribbon.
In April 2015, the company filed with the US regulator for an initial public offering of its common stock, expecting to raise $372 million.
In January 2019, Randy Kibler was replaced by Jose Armario as the chief executive officer and brought with him Brian Unger as the chief operating officer. Both were past employees of McDonald's.
On January 28, 2019, Bojangles was acquired by the Jordan Company and Durational Capital Management (making it a privately held company) with Bojangles shareholders receiving $16.10 a share after their approval on January 14, 2019.
In December 2019, Bojangles and Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores came to an agreement to add 40 Bojangles locations at Love's Travel Stops in Illinois, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Mississippi – all new states for Bojangles – over the following ten years.
On August 3, 2020, the company released a statement saying that it was dropping the apostrophe from its name. On the same day, Bojangles released a video announcing a partnership with Dale Earnhardt Jr., the first celebrity to say the words, "It's Bo Time."
On March 5, 2021, Bojangles announced a planned expansion into Columbus, Ohio, its first Ohio location, to begin later that year. The announcement came on the same day Taco Johns announced it would significantly boost its Central Ohio presence, as well as already-planned expansions into the market by Sheetz and Del Taco.
In March 2022, Bojangles announced that it would open its first 10 locations in New Jersey.
Menu
Restaurants offer the full menu during all operating hours. Biscuit sandwiches are the predominant breakfast item, including the signature cajun chicken filet biscuit, as well as country ham, egg, cheese, bacon, sausage and country fried steak options. For lunch and dinner, the signature item is the bone-in fried chicken with a variety of side items (called "Fixin's"), including French fries, cajun-seasoned pinto beans, dirty rice, Bo-tato Rounds (a type of tater tot), coleslaw, green beans, macaroni and cheese, mashed potatoes and grits. They also offer boneless chicken tenders known as "Chicken Supremes" which are served with a variety of dipping sauces, fried and grilled chicken sandwiches, a fish sandwich known as the "Bojangler" and a number of salads which can be topped with either grilled or fried chicken. Desserts include the Bo-Berry biscuit, which is a biscuit with blueberries topped with a sugar glaze, a sweet-potato fried pie and cinnamon biscuits. Seasonal and limited-time offerings also appear on some menus, such as pork chop biscuits.
See also
List of fast-food chicken restaurants
Bojangles Coliseum
References
External links
Privately held companies based in North Carolina
Private equity portfolio companies
Companies based in Charlotte, North Carolina
Economy of the Southeastern United States
Regional restaurant chains in the United States
Fast-food chains of the United States
Fast-food poultry restaurants
Fast-food franchises
Restaurants established in 1977
1977 establishments in North Carolina
Restaurants in North Carolina
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
2015 initial public offerings
2019 mergers and acquisitions
Chicken chains of the United States |
65304975 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acutalamna | Acutalamna | Acutalamna is an extinct genus of mackerel shark from the Cretaceous period. It contains a singular species, A. karsteni. The type locality is the La Luna formation of Venezuela, but teeth have been found in France, Peru, Ecuador, and Lithuania. It is possible these teeth represent new species within this genus. Teeth included in this genus were originally attributed to "Priscusurus adruptodontus". The holotype and some of type series of this species were found to be indeterminate Squalicorax teeth, thus rendering it a nomen dubium. Other teeth in the type series of "P. adruptodontus" are indeterminate members of Acutalamna. It bears resemblance to both Anacoracids and Cretoxyrhinids, but has yet to be confidently ascribed to any family.
References
Lamniformes
Cretaceous sharks
Fish of Venezuela
Enigmatic fish taxa
Prehistoric shark genera |
9327655 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geraint%20Vincent | Geraint Vincent | Geraint V. Vincent is a British journalist, currently employed by ITN as a Correspondent for ITV News.
Early life
The son of the international relations scholar R J Vincent and Angela Vincent, Vincent and his family lived in Newcastle in Staffordshire for a time; he attended Newcastle Under Lyme high school from 1985 to 1986. During that time, he played trumpet for the school band. After studying history at the University of East Anglia, he studied journalism at the University of Wales, Cardiff. On graduation he joined BBC Wales as a reporter in Cardiff, reporting for BBC Wales Today. He then joined HTV as Wales Tonight'''s political correspondent covering the Welsh Assembly. In 2009, Vincent was invited back to his old high school, Newcastle-under-Lyme School, in the town of Newcastle-under-Lyme, in Staffordshire, to award school prizes.
ITN career
Vincent joined ITN in April 2002 as a news correspondent for ITV News. He reported on a variety of news events including the Soham murders, the War in Iraq (embedded with the troops), famine in Niger, the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the 2007 Rugby World Cup, the Beijing 2008 Olympics and the Northern Bank robbery among others. More recently, Geraint has spent time with British forces on active operations in Afghanistan—reporting from the front line of Operation Panther's Claw in the summer of 2009, and Operation Moshtarak in the early months of 2010. He presented ITN's ITV Evening News and ITV News at Ten live from the heart of the so-called Big Freeze in early 2010 and was part of the ITV News team covering the Haiti earthquake 2010.
Vincent's newscasting career began when he was assigned regular presenting duties on the now defunct ITV News Channel. In January 2006, he became a relief newscaster for various ITV News bulletins. As part of the Campaign 2010 and Election 2010 coverage on ITV, Vincent occupied the light hearted role of the 'Campaign Wives Correspondent', closing the ITV News at Ten with "And Finally..." stories for the full length of the election campaign.
He has reported from Afghanistan and in October 2010 reported live on the 2010 Copiapó mining accident.
Vincent now works under the title of Correspondent - previously he was the Middle East Correspondent and prior to that special correspondent for ITV News at Ten. In August 2017 he became a relief presenter for ITV News London on ITV London. He has reported for the current affairs strand, Tonight'' on ITV.
References
External links
Alumni of the University of East Anglia
Alumni of Cardiff University
British male journalists
British television newsreaders and news presenters
ITN newsreaders and journalists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People educated at Newcastle-under-Lyme School |
10158611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Ireland%20national%20rugby%20union%20players | List of Ireland national rugby union players | List of Ireland national rugby union players is a list of men who have played for the Ireland national rugby union team.
Note the list only includes men who have played in a Test match (which includes those who played against the 1888–89 New Zealand Native football team)
Those who represented the British and Irish Lions but were never capped for Ireland are not included - for example William Joseph Ashby was part of the first Lions team to tour South Africa in 1910 but was never capped for Ireland.
Those who represented Ireland in matches where no caps were awarded are not included - for example James Myles represented Ireland during the 1899 Ireland rugby union tour of Canada but was never capped for Ireland.
On 16 April 2023 the IRFU announced it had decided to award caps to 12 players who featured for Ireland but were not awarded caps at the time for games which were not then recognised as International Test Matches.
List
denotes players currently active at national level. As of 5 August 2023, 1,156 men have represented Ireland.
Caps updated 14th October 2023
References
External links
Ireland Players at IRFU
List of Ireland national rugby union players at ESPN
Ireland international rugby union players
Ireland
Rugby union
players |
43755433 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina%20Urqu | Nina Urqu | Nina Urqu (Quechua nina fire, urqu mountain, "fire mountain", also spelled Nina Orkho) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Sud Lípez Province, in the north of the Esmoruco Municipality, south-west of Guadalupe. Nina Urqu lies south-east of the mountains P'aqu Urqu, Waqrayuq and Muruq'u.
References
Mountains of Potosí Department |
9353447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Woolley | William Woolley | William Edward Woolley (17 March 1901 – 11 May 1989) was a National Liberal Party politician in the United Kingdom.
He was elected in 1940 as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Spen Valley constituency in the West Riding of Yorkshire, at an unopposed by-election on 1 June. At the 1945 general election, he lost the seat to the Labour Party candidate, Granville Maynard Sharp.
References
External links
1901 births
1989 deaths
National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) politicians
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
UK MPs 1935–1945 |
36598052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LoveRance | LoveRance | LoveRance (born Rance Love Oliver II) is an American rapper, producer and DJ from the San Francisco Bay Area. He is best known for his 2011 hit single "Up!" featuring 50 Cent and produced by Iamsu!. "Up!" hit number 46 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the Rap charts.
Music video
The music video for LoveRance's hit single "UP!" was uploaded to his Vevo account on January 31, 2012. The video takes place in the Bay Area and most of the video is recorded inside a night club.
https://www.youtube.com/user/LoveRanceRadio
https://www.youtube.com/user/LoveRanceVEVO
Discography
Mixtapes
Singles
References
1989 births
Living people
African-American male rappers
American male rappers
African-American record producers
American hip hop record producers
American hip hop singers
American hip hop DJs
Interscope Records artists
Rappers from the San Francisco Bay Area
West Coast hip hop musicians
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American male musicians
21st-century African-American musicians
20th-century African-American people |
110640 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iona%2C%20Idaho | Iona, Idaho | Iona is a city in Bonneville County, Idaho, United States. It is part of the Idaho Falls, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,803 at the 2010 census.
History
Iona was homesteaded by Mormon pioneers in 1883. Sagebrush, as tall as a man sitting on a horse, covered the now famous potato fields. The short growing season made it difficult to grow crops and the early settlers were discouraged and many wanted to go back south to Utah. However, when Mormon apostle Wilford Woodruff spoke to a small congregation in the Iona area on June 17, 1884, he said:
The Spirit of the Lord rests mightily upon me and I feel to bless you in the name of Jesus Christ. I promise you that the climate will be moderated for your good. I can see these great sagebrush prairies, as far as the eye can reach, turned into fertile fields. I bless the land that it shall yield forth in its strength. Flowers and trees and fine homes shall grace this great valley from one end to the other. Schools and colleges of higher learning shall be built to serve you that you may learn the mysteries of God’s great universe. I see churches and meetinghouses dotting the landscape, where the God of Israel may be worshiped in spirit and in truth. Yes, and as I look into the future of this great valley I can see temples—I can see beautiful temples erected to the name of the living God where holy labors may be carried on in his name through generations to come.
The settlers were persuaded to stay in the valley and one, Thomas E. Ricks, went on to found the city of Rexburg and Ricks College which later became Brigham Young University-Idaho.
Geography
Iona is located at (43.526319, -111.928478).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,803 people, 578 households, and 481 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 601 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97.7% White, 0.2% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.9% of the population.
There were 578 households, of which 45.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.7% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 16.8% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.12 and the average family size was 3.44.
The median age in the city was 31.5 years. 35.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.8% were from 25 to 44; 21.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,201 people, 372 households, and 318 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 385 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 98.42% White, 0.08% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.83% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.91% of the population.
There were 372 households, out of which 44.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.3% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.5% were non-families. 12.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.23 and the average family size was 3.55.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 35.6% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $39,904, and the median income for a family was $42,692. Males had a median income of $32,105 versus $21,818 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,334. 17.6% of the population and 14.0% of families were below the poverty line. 11.6% of those under the age of 18 and 6.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
Education
Iona is served by the Bonneville Joint School District#93, with Iona Elementary School within the Iona city limits. Students are bussed to Rocky Mountain Middle School and Thunder Ridge High School.
References
Cities in Bonneville County, Idaho
Cities in Idaho
Cities in Idaho Falls metropolitan area
Populated places established in 1884
1884 establishments in Idaho Territory |
28341983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppy%20goddess | Poppy goddess | The name poppy goddess is often used for a famous example of a distinctive type of large female terracotta figurine in Minoan art, presumably representing a goddess, but not thought to be cult images, rather votive offerings. It was discovered in a sanctuary of the Post-palace period (LM III, 1400–1100 BC) at Gazi, Crete, and is now in the Heraklion Archaeological Museum.
The name comes from the shape of the terminals of opium poppy seedheads rising from the diadem on the head. Other figures have different ornaments to the head, including many birds, and the Horns of Consecration symbol. They have a round "skirt", shaped like a vessel, and formed on the potter's wheel, after which the upper body was hand-formed while the clay was still malleable. Some have feet peeping out from under their skirt. They always have raised hands, normally with palms pointing sideways or out, and there is often a hole at the top of the head, perhaps to help firing, while the openings at the ears may be intended to suggest readiness to hear prayers. Most are unpainted. They relate to other, less stylized, types of Minoan clay goddess figures.
In this period, Mycenean influence particularly on art was strong over the island, showing that Crete had become little more than a province of the Mycenean world after the Mycenean invasion in 1450 BC. Minoan pottery figurines were found in public sanctuaries, not only in palace-sanctuaries, as is usual in earlier periods. Clay figurines of the goddess with raised hands also were found in the shrine of double axes in Knossos, in Gournia, in Myrtos, and also in the sanctuaries of Gortys and Prinias. On the heads of the figures there are various religious symbols, such as horns of consecration, diadems, birds, and the seeds of opium poppies. The female figure known popularly as the poppy goddess is perhaps a representation of the goddess as the bringer of sleep or death.
The figurines found at Gazi, which are larger than any previously produced on Minoan Crete, are rendered in an extremely stylized manner. The bodies are rigid, the skirts simple cylinders, and the poses stereotyped.
Religious significance
Interpreters speculate that the raised hands of the figurine who gazes toward the visitor indicate that it is a deity and that the gesture of the two upraised hands with open palms is an epiphany gesture of the goddess. It is possible that the goddess is giving a greeting, or a blessing, or is praying, or it may symbolize her appearance in earth in human form.
Poppies were mentioned in Greco-Roman myths as offerings to the dead. Robert Graves believed that a second meaning of the depiction and use of poppies in the Greco-Roman myths is the symbolism of the bright scarlet colour as signifying the promise of resurrection after death and that the poppy was the emblem of the goddess Demeter. According to Theocritus for the Greeks Demeter was a poppy goddess bearing sheaves and poppies in both hands (Idyll vii 157).
Karl Kerenyi asserted that poppies were connected with a Cretan cult that was transmitted to the Eleusinian Mysteries in Classical Greece: "It seems probable that the Great Mother Goddess who bore the names Rhea and Demeter, brought the poppy with her from her Cretan cult to Eleusis and it is almost certain that in the Cretan cult sphere opium was prepared from poppies."
Fellow British classicist and scholar, Jane Ellen Harrison shares the view that the imagery of the gathered poppy reeds in the figurine's hands are associated with the Minoan/Cretan "Mother of the Gods".
See also
Great Goddess
Poppy (botany)
References
Hood, Sinclair, The Arts in Prehistoric Greece, 1978, Penguin (Penguin/Yale History of Art),
External links
mekon (poppy): Theoi project
2nd-millennium BC sculptures
Figurines
Terracotta sculptures
Archaeological discoveries in Greece
Minoan archaeological artifacts
Minoan art
Minoan religion
Sculptures of goddesses
Votive offering
Heraklion (regional unit)
Poppy seeds
Opium culture |
15501900 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazauges | Bazauges | Bazauges () is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Charente-Maritime department
References
External links
Communes of Charente-Maritime |
33666447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel%20Valle%20Riestra | Miguel Valle Riestra | Miguel Valle Riestra (May 7, 1820–September 5, 1913) was a Peruvian military man.
Military personnel from Lima
1820 births
1913 deaths
Peruvian soldiers
Peruvian military personnel of the War of the Pacific |
47460689 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewaniya%20Onkar | Sewaniya Onkar | Sewaniya Onkar is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Huzur tehsil and the Phanda block.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census of India, Sewaniya Onkar has 421 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 61.25%.
References
Villages in Huzur tehsil |
22441521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truro%2027A | Truro 27A | Truro 27A is a Mi'kmaq reserve located in Colchester County, Nova Scotia.
It is administratively part of the Millbrook First Nation.
References
Millbrook first Nation
Indian reserves in Nova Scotia
Communities in Colchester County
Millbrook First Nation |
13272704 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Kollias%20%28biologist%29 | George Kollias (biologist) | George Kollias (Greek: Γιώργος Κόλλιας; born 9 November 1958 in Athens) is a Greek biologist, Member of the Academy of Athens and Professor of Physiology at the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. He is renowned for providing the preclinical rationale for the development of anti-TNF therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. His research is highly cited for discovering disease pathways in animal models of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis). He is credited with the development of major national infrastructures of scientific and technological excellence in Greece.
Education and employment
George Kollias graduated from the Biology Department of the University of Athens, Greece and performed doctoral studies in Molecular Biology from 1980 to 1984 at the National Hellenic Research Foundation. He continued with postdoctoral research in the field of gene structure and expression at the Laboratory of Gene Structure and Expression, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK, and from 1990 to 2000 he established the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics at the Hellenic Pasteur Institute in Athens, Greece. From 2000 to 2002, he was appointed Director of the Institute for Immunology at the Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", and has served as the center's President and Scientific Director (2002–2010 & 2016–2020). Since May 2012, he is Professor of Experimental Physiology at the Medical School of the University of Athens.
Research and innovation
In 1991, George Kollias' group was first to provide in vivo, proof of principle studies, on deregulated TNF production being causal to the development of chronic polyarthritis in a transgenic animal model, and for showing originally that anti-huTNF antibody treatment was efficacious in treating the modeled disease (pg. 370). These studies were instrumental in mobilizing the interest of anti-TNF industry and foreshadowed the success of the first clinical trials performed in RA in 1994. Further work in his lab provided insights into the function of TNF in host defense and the structure and function of secondary lymphoid organs, a work that more recently evolved into the establishment of TNFRI and NFkB signals specifically in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) being of pivotal significance in the regulation of humoral B cell responses and autoimmunity. Moreover, George Kollias' group demonstrated TNF's causal effect in the development of combined Crohn's disease and polyarthritis, and the contribution of transmembrane versus soluble TNF in the pathogenic processes. These studies offered a better understanding of the physiological function of TNF in health and disease and rationalized potential complications or optimizations of anti-TNF therapies in other diseases such as in MS. More recently, George Kollias introduced a novel pathogenic principle to explain the cellular basis of TNF function in gut/joint axis diseases, including spondyloarthropathies, by showing that mesenchymal cells, namely synovial fibroblasts and intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts, are common pathogenic targets of TNF sufficient to drive the chronic inflammatory and destructive disease process. Animal models developed in his lab have been distributed to numerous academic and industrial laboratories around the world (over 200 MTAs in the last ten years). In 2005 he founded the first CRO-biotech spin-off of BSRC Fleming, Biomedcode Hellas SA.
Distinctions
George Kollias is placed amongst the top cited European scientists in Rheumatology research for the period 1997 to 2008. He has published over 170 primary research articles in peer-reviewed journals and more than 40 reviews and commentaries. His work has received over 29.000 citations and an h-index of 76 (data from Google Scholar). His laboratory is supported by several competitive grants from European Commission and National sources, as well as by the international biopharmaceutical industry. From 2005 - 2009 Dr. Kollias coordinated a consortium of 24 EU organizations constituting the FP6 Network of Excellence MUGEN ("Functional Genomics in mutant mouse models as tools to investigate the complexity of human immunological disease", 11M€). He is currently a core member of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project BeTheCure (Total budget: 38 M€, 2011–2016) and has recently been awarded a 2013 Advanced ERC grant to study the role of mesenchymal cells in intestinal tissue homeostasis and pathophysiology.
George Kollias is an elected member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) since 2000 and Member of the Biosciences Steering Group of the European Academies Science Advisory Panel (EASAC) since 2014. In recognition of eminent scientific discoveries and contributions to science, he was awarded the internationally acclaimed Carol-Nachman Award for Rheumatology in 2014 and the first Galien Scientific Research Award, of Prix Galien Greece in 2015. Dr. Kollias served as the National Representative of Greece for the ESFRI (2010-2012) and as member of the ESFRI strategic working group on Health and Food (2010 to date). George Kollias has been a member of the National Council on Research and Technology of the Ministry of Development (2001–2003 and 2005–2009) and has served as an elected President of the Council of the Directors of the Greek Research Centers (2009–2010). He serves as an advisor for scientific organizations and consults for industry. George Kollias also serves as invited speaker, chairman and member of the Organising and Scientific Committees of several scientific meetings throughout the world. George Kollias is Director of the Graduate Program in "Molecular Biomedicine" at the Medical School of the University of Athens.
References
External links
BSRC "Alexander Fleming"
MUGEN Network of Excellence
BeTheCure IMI project
Biomedcode Hellas SA
Advanced ERC grant
Greek physiologists
Greek healthcare managers
Greek biologists
Living people
1958 births
European Research Council grantees
Members of the Academy of Athens (modern)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens alumni
Academic staff of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Scientists from Athens |
56151879 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryongdae%20Line | Ryongdae Line | The Ryŏngdae Line is an electrified railway line of the Korean State Railway in South P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Wŏnch'ang on the P'yŏngdŏk Line to Ryŏngdae.
Route
A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified.
References
Railway lines in North Korea
Standard gauge railways in North Korea |
44992393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang%20Shuxian | Huang Shuxian | Huang Shuxian (; born September 1954) is a Chinese politician, who previously served as the Minister of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China. He also served as Minister of Supervision, and Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.
Career
Huang was born in Yangzhong, Jiangsu. He graduated from Nanjing University with a degree in philosophy. Huang spent his earlier career in his home province of Jiangsu, first as the party chief of Yangzhong County, then as the head of the Communist Youth League organization of Jiangsu province. In 1998, Huang became the deputy Discipline Inspection Secretary of Jiangsu province and the head of the province's department of Supervision. In February 2001, Huang was promoted to Vice Minister of Supervision of the People's Republic of China. He became a Standing Committee member of the CCDI at the 16th Party Congress in 2002, and a Deputy Secretary of the Commission at the 17th Party Congress in 2007.
Huang was a member of the 16th, 17th, and 18th Central Commissions for Discipline Inspection, and a member of the Standing Committee of the 18th CCDI. He has been a deputy CCDI secretary since 2007. He is also a member of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Huang was also the lead auditor of the Beijing Olympics. Huang became Minister of Supervision at the 2013 National People's Congress.
Huang met with the press on a somewhat regular basis to report on the work of the CCDI and the Ministry of Supervision.
On November 7, 2016, Huang was appointed as Minister of Civil Affairs by Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, following a corruption scandal involving then-minister Li Liguo.
References
1954 births
Nanjing University alumni
People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu
Living people
Politicians from Zhenjiang |
59004547 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20Rulers%20Quarrel | When Rulers Quarrel | When Rulers Quarrel is a work by Albanian writer Ismail Kadare, dealing with the relationship between rulers and literature. It was launched on 16 November 2018 at the 21st National Book Fair in Tirana.
Background
During an interview in December 2016 the writer's wife Helena Kadare announced that Kadare was writing a book about Boris Pasternak.
In July 2018 Kadare's Albanian publisher, Bujar Hudhri, after denying claims made by some media that the writer had been hospitalized, announced that Kadare's newest work "Kur sunduesit grinden" (When Rulers Quarrel) would be published in November of the same year.
Content
This work deals with the stories of famous writers who have managed to survive and outlive dictatorships, while dictators have died and fallen into oblivion. The story of the Soviet writer Boris Pasternak serves as a binding thread of the work.
References
2018 non-fiction books
Onufri Publishing House books |
4755543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%20Route%2078 | Illinois Route 78 | Illinois Route 78 is a major north–south highway in western Illinois. It runs from Illinois Route 104 northwest of Jacksonville north to Highway 78 at the Wisconsin state line north of Warren. This is a distance of .
Route description
Jacksonville to Elmwood
Starting from IL 104 in Jacksonville, IL 78 briefly travels east, then south, and then east again. Then, it turns north via Main Street, passing the Jacksonville Municipal Airport. As it continues north, it then reaches IL 125 in Virginia. In Havana, US 136, as well as IL 97, begins to run concurrently with IL 78. US 136 then leaves the concurrency just west of the Scott W. Lucas Bridge. At the US 24 junction, IL 97 branches off west via US 24 while IL 78 travels east via US 24. In Little America, IL 78 branches off north from US 24. Then, IL 9 runs concurrently with IL 78 in Canton. In Farmington, IL 78 turns east via IL 116 and then back north again; branching off north from IL 116. In Elmwood, it follows IL 8 east and then north before branching off north.
Elmwood to Wisconsin state line
Further north, IL 78 then crosses under I-74 without a direct interchange. It then turns east and then north again. As it turns back north, it then follows US 150 for . After that, it then intersects IL 90 north of Laura, then briefly runs concurrently with IL 17, then with US 34, and then intersects with IL 91. In Kewanee, US 34 then branches off northeast. North of the junction, IL 81 ends at the intersection with IL 78. In Annawan, it crosses US 6 and then I-80 at a diamond interchange. Further north, IL 78 then runs concurrently with IL 92, then meets I-88/IL 110 (CKC) at a diamond interchange, and then runs concurrently with US 30 in Morrison. IL 40 ends at an intersection south of Mount Carroll. In Mount Carroll, it intersects US 52/IL 64. Further north, in Stockton, IL 78 then runs concurrently with US 20. In Warren, it then turns northwest before reaching the Wisconsin state line. At that point, IL 78 becomes WIS 78.
History
Starting in 1929, IL 78 first appeared as segments while the rest were under construction. Within a few years, most of IL 78 from Jacksonville to Warren was finished. In 1935, IL 78 superseded portions of IL 82, IL 3, and IL 40. However, a section between Jacksonville and Virginia became part of US 67. By the late 1930s, a portion of IL 78 was moved onto a more direct route between Maples Mill and West Havana. It remained like that until 1968 when US 67 rerouted away from Virginia. This resulted in the extension of IL 78 from Virginia to Jacksonville.
Points of interest
The following historic and geographic sites can be enjoyed on Illinois Route 78, traveling from south to north:
Jim Edgar Panther Creek State Fish and Wildlife Area
Emiquon Project
Dickson Mounds
Snakeden Hollow State Fish and Wildlife Area
Johnson-Sauk Trail State Park
Prophetstown State Recreation Area
Morrison-Rockwood State Park
Apple River Canyon State Park
Major intersections
References
External links
Illinois Highway Ends: Illinois Route 78
078
Transportation in Morgan County, Illinois
Transportation in Cass County, Illinois
Transportation in Mason County, Illinois
Transportation in Fulton County, Illinois
Transportation in Knox County, Illinois
Transportation in Peoria County, Illinois
Transportation in Stark County, Illinois
Transportation in Henry County, Illinois
Transportation in Whiteside County, Illinois
Transportation in Carroll County, Illinois
Transportation in Jo Daviess County, Illinois
U.S. Route 67 |
70183872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20Alsco%20Uniforms%20300%20%28Las%20Vegas%29 | 2022 Alsco Uniforms 300 (Las Vegas) | The 2022 Alsco Uniforms 300 was the third stock car race of the 2022 NASCAR Xfinity Series and the 26th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, March 5, 2022, in North Las Vegas, Nevada at Las Vegas Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent D-shaped oval racetrack. The race was run over 200 laps. Ty Gibbs of Joe Gibbs Racing would win the race after taking the lead on the final restart. This was Gibbs' fifth career Xfinity Series win, and his first of the season. To fill out the podium, Noah Gragson of JR Motorsports and Daniel Hemric of Kaulig Racing would finish second and third, respectively.
Background
Las Vegas Motor Speedway, located in Clark County, Nevada outside the Las Vegas city limits and about 15 miles northeast of the Las Vegas Strip, is a 1,200-acre (490 ha) complex of multiple tracks for motorsports racing. The complex is owned by Speedway Motorsports, Inc., which is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Entry list
**Withdrew prior to the event.
Practice
The only 30-minute practice session is scheduled to be held on Friday, March 4, at 3:30 PM PST. Noah Gragson of JR Motorsports would set the fastest time in the session, with a time of 30.226 seconds and a speed of .
Qualifying
Qualifying was held on Friday, March 4, at 4:00 PM PST. Since Las Vegas Motor Speedway is an oval track, the qualifying system used is a single-car, single-lap system with only one round. Whoever sets the fastest time in the round wins the pole.
A. J. Allmendinger scored the pole for the race with a time of 29.318 seconds and a speed of .
Full qualifying results
Race results
Stage 1 Laps: 45
Stage 2 Laps: 45
Stage 3 Laps: 110
Standings after the race
Drivers' Championship standings
Note: Only the first 12 positions are included for the driver standings.
References
2022 NASCAR Xfinity Series
NASCAR races at Las Vegas Motor Speedway
Alsco Uniforms 300 (Las Vegas)
Alsco Uniforms 300 (Las Vegas) |
95596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hancock%20County%2C%20Kentucky | Hancock County, Kentucky | Hancock County, Kentucky is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,095. Its county seat is in the city of Hawesville located in the Northern part of the county, and its largest city of Lewisport is located in the Northwestern part of the county.
Hancock County is included in the Owensboro, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Hancock County Board of Education consists of 4 public school systems. Hancock County High School (HCHS), Hancock County Middle School (HCMS), South Hancock Elementary School, & North Hancock Elementary School (NHES). North Hancock Elementary School being the only one located in Lewisport. NHES replaced the previously outdated Lewisport Elementary School with a newly constructed $8,829,532 building.
History
Hancock County was formed in 1829 from portions of Breckinridge, Daviess, and Ohio counties. The county is named for John Hancock, President of the Continental Congress and one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
The courthouse, the second to serve the county, was built in 1868 and renovated in 1978.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (5.6%) is water. The northern border of the county lies along the Ohio River.
Adjacent counties
Spencer County, Indiana (northwest)
Perry County, Indiana (northeast)
Breckinridge County (southeast)
Ohio County (south)
Daviess County (west)
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 8,392 people, 3,215 households, and 2,436 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 3,600 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 97.97% White, 0.85% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.17% from other races, and 0.56% from two or more races. 0.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 3,215 households, out of which 36.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.40% were married couples living together, 8.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.20% were non-families. 21.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.70% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 29.00% from 25 to 44, 24.90% from 45 to 64, and 11.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.80 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $36,914, and the median income for a family was $42,994. Males had a median income of $35,294 versus $23,574 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,623. About 11.40% of families and 13.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.00% of those under age 18 and 15.80% of those age 65 or over.
Communities
Incorporated
Hawesville (county seat)
Lewisport
Unincorporated
Adair
Arrington Corner
Boling Chapel
Cabot
Chambers
Dukes
Easton
Floral
Goering
Patesville
Pellville
Petri
Roseville
Reynolds Station (mostly in Ohio County)
Skillman
Utility
Waitman
Weberstown
Politics
References
External links
Hancock Clarion newspaper website
County website
Hancock's Chamber of Commerce website
Kentucky counties
Kentucky counties on the Ohio River
1829 establishments in Kentucky
Populated places established in 1829
Owensboro metropolitan area |
3281058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily%20Rix | Emily Rix | Emily Rix (born February 28, 1979 in Toronto, Ontario) is a field hockey player from Canada. Rix usually played midfield.
International Senior Tournaments
2001 – Americas Cup, Jamaica (3rd)
2001 – World Cup Qualifier, Amiens/Abbeville, France (10th)
2002 – Commonwealth Games, Manchester (7th)
2003 – Pan American Games, Santo Domingo (5th)
References
Profile
1979 births
Living people
Canadian female field hockey players
Field hockey players from Toronto |
11540333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreezeDried | FreezeDried | FreezeDried was a polka band from Chicago that brought Polish push-style polkas to the polka and non-polka fan. They were known throughout the field to be on the cutting edge of polka music. FreezeDried mixed polkas with other music styles such as Latin music, zydeco, gospel music, dixieland music and rock music. Their efforts have inspired other traditional polka bands to be more creative in their approach to new material, musical arrangements and showmanship. FreezeDried did not stop at their quest for musical diversity. In 2006, FreezeDried continued to progress in the vocal area by adding a female vocal trio. Affectionately known as "The Icicles", the singers bring flavors of motown and soul to the FreezeDried sound. The band broke up, however, in 2020.
FreezeDried members are Ted Okrzesik Jr., John Krawisz, John Okrzesik Sr., Dan Okrzesik Sr., A.J. Okrzesik, and Andrew Okrzesik. The record label of FreezeDried is Chrome Pierogi Recording and is an Indie label. Since 1998, venues such as the Taste of Chicago, Minnesota State Fair, WGN radio, numerous town summer fests, and an array of local clubs have been enjoying the fresh sounds of the FreezeDried experience.
Discography
Bodacious Ditties 2019
DegenerationGap 2009
Fear of Rubber Cushions 2006
Deliberate Confusion 2003
Artistically Challenged; 2000
References
American polka groups |
18182445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CETME%20rifle | CETME rifle | The CETME Model 58 is a stamped-steel, select-fire battle rifle produced by the Spanish armaments manufacturer Centro de Estudios Técnicos de Materiales Especiales (CETME). The Model 58 used a 20-round box magazine and was chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO round (although originally designed for the 7.92×41mm CETME cartridge and later for the reduced power Spanish 7.62×51mm cartridge). The CETME 58 would become the foundation of the widely deployed German Heckler & Koch G3 battle rifle. Semi-automatic variants were also produced for the civilian market.
Development
The CETME (Centro de Estudios Técnicos de Materiales Especiales) rifle was designed primarily by the German engineer Ludwig Vorgrimler, who based his design on the experimental German StG 45(M) and the French-made AME 49. The StG45 used a roller-delayed blowback mechanism somewhat similar to the roller-locking system patented by Edward Stecke in the 1930s in Poland and used in the MG 42. The MG42 locking system actually locks completely and requires a short-stroke barrel that travels backward to unlock, compared to the StG45(M) system that never completely locks and does not require a moving barrel.
The CETME design inherits the StG45(M)'s fixed-barrel. However, the CETME Model 58 introduced a novel solution to the problem of cartridges sticking in the chamber, namely, a fluted chamber—horizontal grooves in the chamber—that allows the cartridge cases to float on a layer of gas to aid extraction. The horizontal marking left on spent cartridge cases has become a signature of this design.
The requirements for the original design specified that the rifle weigh no more than 4.1 kg, had an effective range of 1000 metres and a large magazine capacity. This required an ambitious development of rifle technology but the CETME engineers, based on earlier German experiments, believed this would be possible using an unconventional projectile.
Thus the 7.92x41mm CETME, CA-001 cartridge was developed and unveiled in 1953. It would be lightweight and elongated to make it aerodynamic, yet fired at normal rifle velocities. The rounds weighed 6.8 grams and had a muzzle velocity of 800 m/s. To allow such a long projectile to be stable in flight, a method was required to achieve proper mass distribution. The solution was that the aluminium core be wrapped around the middle in a copper jacket that was open at both ends, leaving the exposed aluminium core at either end (the core's middle section was compressed to allow the copper jacket to fit without protruding). While such a lightweight bullet would normally be affected by crosswinds compared to a normal weight projectile, the engineers at CETME contended that the bullet's aerodynamic shape minimised this problem. Sources from the time indicate that at 1000 metres, the dispersion characteristics of the bullet were equal to those of normal rifle projectiles despite its light weight. In addition, sources state that at 1000 metres, the projectile could perforate Spanish, Russian, Italian, Czech and German helmets. The bullet reportedly behaved like a standard full metal jacket bullet. The lightness of the projectile meant it had a lower recoil impulse, which was a key objective of the engineers as it would reduce bullet dispersion during fully automatic fire.
Later on in development, the Bundesgrenzschutz informed CETME that they were interested in the rifle but requested the cartridge diameter be reduced from 7.92mm to 7.62mm and that the same 41mm cartridge case should be used. This was accomplished after considerable time and effort, with the new round being designated the 7.62x41mm CETME, CA-002. Despite the rifle performing excellently with this cartridge, the Bundesgrenzschutz later stated that they could only adopt it if it was rechambered with the 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge due to standardisation agreements and thus the weapon was redesigned for this cartridge, designated by the Spanish as Modelo B.
The first prototype rifles fired the same 7.92×33mm Kurz round as the StG45, and a variety of experimental 7.92 and 7.62mm cartridges were tested before settling on the 7.62×51mm CETME. This round, chosen due to requirements of the then-interested West German Bundesgrenzschutz, was dimensionally identical to 7.62×51mm NATO, but with a lighter bullet and powder charge to reduce recoil, making the fully automatic fire more controllable. In December 1956, the West German Bundeswehr received 400 CETME A rifles for intensive trials. Due to the tests performed by the , the ergonomy of the rifle was improved. With feedback from Heckler & Koch, the rifle was able to fire the 7.62 NATO round due to the better quality of its steel. The Model B went on to be the foundation of the widely deployed Heckler & Koch G3 battle rifle.
The CETME B rifle in 7.62 CETME was adopted as the Fusil de Asalto CETME Modelo 1958 de 7,62mm by the Spanish Army in September 1957 and its production began in Spain during 1961. The CETME series of battle rifles were manufactured in four basic models; the A, B, C and E models. The primary difference in the production models is the modes of fire, the absence of bipod and lighter weight for later models.
Models
Model A
The Model As were the developmental prototypes. These models were unusual in that they fired from the closed bolt in semi-automatic and from the open bolt in full-auto mode. Later production models fire from only the closed bolt. The Model As are easily identified by the position of rear sight and bi-pod folded back to form the fore-stock. In 1954, the rifle saw limited introduction in the Spanish Army. They used the 7.92x41mm CETME cartridge.
Model B
The Model B was the first production model. It had a perforated steel handguard and chambered for the 7.62×51mm CETME round. The 7.62 mm CETME differed from the standard 7.62mm NATO round by having a lighter-weight bullet and a smaller propellant charge. The parts for the Model B are for most part interchangeable with the later Model C rifles.
The Spanish Army adopted a variant of the Model B re-chambered for the more powerful 7.62×51mm NATO round. The Model B could be converted to fire the 7.62mm NATO round if the bolt group and return spring were replaced with that of the Model C. These modified rifles were known as Model 58-64-C and by 1971 all the Spanish CETME B rifles had been upgraded.
Model C
The Model C was a lightweight version that was chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO round and had wooden fore-stocks. The Model C is virtually identical to the Model B. However, certain components had been strengthened to better deal with the increased power of the standard 7.62mm NATO round. It had become standard rifle by 1974.
Model E
The CETME Model E replaced the wooden parts of the stock with plastic and the steel components with aluminium. After a short period on the production line, it was discovered that they were weaker than the previous models and that continuous fire deformed the firearms rapidly. Due to this, relatively few were produced and they were quickly discontinued.
Model R
The CETME R was a derivative of the CETME B without buttstock, intended to be used aboard armored vehicles.
Variants
CETME L and LC
The CETME Model L was a downsized variant of the CETME system, chambered for the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge. It was adopted by the Spanish Army in 1984 and was in service until it was replaced by the Heckler and Koch G36 rifle in 1999.
Civilian versions
In the 1960s, the Mars Equipment Corporation of Chicago imported into the USA Spanish-made semiautomatic versions of the CETME B and C rifles. Available accessories included a 1" scope mount, a plastic snap-on rifle cover, and the stock CETME magazine loading tool. The model-B rifles included the standard integrated bipod. These rifles can be identified by a large MARS import mark on the right-hand side along with a prominent "MADE IN SPAIN". They are prized by collectors far above the US-made "parts kit" rifles.
In the late 1990s Century Arms International (CAI) began offering semiautomatic only civilian versions known as the CETME Sporter, which are manufactured from assembled military surplus and US made parts. Although largely built from Model "C" parts, there have been reports of model "B" parts in the Model "C" Century built rifles.
Due to the restrictions against importing receivers of select-fire weapons, all receivers for these civilian versions are made in the US. Earlier receivers were of cast aluminum, while later receivers were made from stamped and welded steel. Earlier rifles retained the wood furniture of the originals while later examples were available with Heckler & Koch style composite stocks. Due to state and local laws restricting weapons with assault weapon features, earlier models of the CETME Sporter featured a permanently pinned muzzle brake rather than the original flash hider. After the 1994 Assault Weapons ban expired in 2004, Century produced models with a removable muzzle brake. NATO 7.62×51mm ammunition may safely be used in the CETME sporter, while commercial .308 ammunition is not recommended for use due to the tendency of the extractor to tear off the rims of the softer civilian brass. The CETME delayed roller lock design has a violent extraction and ejection process that flings the empty brass far from the weapon. The brass generally cannot be reloaded due to denting during the ejection operation, this is of no consequence when using mil-spec surplus ammunition with Berdan priming.
Users
Frontline service
- Biafran Armed Forces
: 1.500 Model C rifles acquired for army reserves in 2003. In use with Grupo Delta of the Policia Nacional.
-
- Commandos Marine used CETME-B rifles seized aboard a smuggling boat during the Algerian War, and kept them in limited service until the 1990s
- Lebanese Armed Forces
- Polisario Front
- Spanish Armed Forces
-
Trials only
: CETME Model A
The Spanish CETME A was also tested at Aberdeen Proving Ground in July 1954. The CETME Model A in 7.62 CETME and 7.62 NATO was also demonstrated to the French, Swedes and Italians in 1955. From 1957, the Dutch company Nederlandse Wapen en Munitiefabriek also demonstrated the CETME/H&K Model B rifle to the Royal Netherlands Army, the Netherlands Marine Corps, Finland (chambered in 7.62×39mm), Ecuador and Dominican Republic but no gun was produced nor ordered.
See also
CETME
Heckler & Koch G3
Heckler & Koch G41
Heckler & Koch HK33
Howa Type 64
List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
References
Sources
Manual del soldado de Infantería de Marina ( 1985 ). Marine Corps soldier Manual Edited by the Spanish Ministry of Defence.
Manual de instrucción básica de la Escuela Técnica de Seguridad y Defensa del Aire (ETESDA) (2002). Basic instruction Manual of the Technical School Safety and Air Defence (ETESDA) (2002). Edited by the Spanish Ministry of Defence.
Centro de Documentación y Publicaciones del Ministerio de Defensa. Publications and Documentation Centre of the Ministry of Defence.
CETME: 50 años del fusil de asalto español . (CETME: 50 years of Spanish assault rifle). José María Manrique García and Lucas Molina Franco. Edit. La Esfera de los Libros. (The Sphere of Books). .
External links
Buddy Hinton Collection / CETME
More information on the cetme Including the Mars Import
Century Arms CETME Manual
Original Spanish manual translated into English: CETME Model C Manual
A graphic of the various versions
CETME
7.62×51mm NATO battle rifles
Rifles of Spain
Roller-delayed blowback firearms
Weapons of Spain |
64999871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts%20Senate%27s%20Worcester%2C%20Hampden%2C%20Hampshire%20and%20Middlesex%20district | Massachusetts Senate's Worcester, Hampden, Hampshire and Middlesex district | Massachusetts Senate's Worcester, Hampden, Hampshire and Middlesex district in the United States is one of 40 legislative districts of the Massachusetts Senate. It covers portions of Hampden, Hampshire, Middlesex, and Worcester counties. In the 2020 United States presidential election, the district was the only one in the state where incumbent President Donald Trump won. Since 2015 it is represented in the State Senate by Anne Gobi of the Democratic Party.
Towns represented
The district includes the following localities:
Ashburnham
Ashby
Athol
Barre
Brimfield
Brookfield
Charlton
East Brookfield
Hardwick
Holland
Hubbardston
Monson
New Braintree
North Brookfield
Oakham
Palmer
Paxton
Petersham
Phillipston
Rutland
Spencer
Sturbridge
Templeton
Wales
Ware
Warren
West Brookfield
Winchendon
Senators
Robert D. Wetmore
Stephen Brewer
Anne Gobi, 2015-current
See also
List of Massachusetts Senate elections
List of Massachusetts General Courts
List of former districts of the Massachusetts Senate
References
External links
Ballotpedia
(State Senate district information based on U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey).
Senate
Government in Worcester County, Massachusetts
Government of Hampden County, Massachusetts
Government of Hampshire County, Massachusetts
Government of Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Massachusetts Senate |
1822030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology%20of%20home%20stadiums%20for%20current%20National%20Football%20League%20teams | Chronology of home stadiums for current National Football League teams | The following is a chronology of National Football League home stadiums, that is, all home stadiums of teams currently playing in the National Football League (NFL), and their locations and capacities. It contains all past and present (in bold) home stadiums used by the current 32 members of the National Football League since 1920, along with future home stadiums presently under construction (in italics immediately above the present stadium). It is ordered by the conference and division to which the team belongs.
Soldier Field in Chicago, home of the Chicago Bears is the oldest stadium in the league having opened in 1924. The stadium that has been used the longest by an NFL team is Lambeau Field, home of the Green Bay Packers since 1957.
Stadiums represent a considerable expense to a community, and thus their construction, use, and funding often enters the public discourse. Also, given the perceived advantage a team gets from playing in their home stadium, particular attention is given in the media to the peculiarities of each stadium's environment. Weather, playing surface (either natural or artificial turf), and the presence or lack of a roof or dome all contribute to giving each team its home-field advantage.
Home stadiums
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: center; width: 100%;"
|-
| style="background: #FF0000" align="center" colspan="7"|AFC
|-
| style="background: #E77471" align="center" colspan="7"|AFC East
|-
! style="width:15%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Buffalo Bills
| Highmark Stadium (2021–present)Bills Stadium (2020–2021) New Era Field (2016–2020)Ralph Wilson Stadium (1997–2016)Rich Stadium (1973–1997)
| 1973–present
| 73,079
| 1973
| A-Turf Titan (2011–current)AstroPlay (2003–2010)AstroTurf (1973–2002)
| Orchard Park, New York
|-
| Rogers CentreSkyDome (1989–2005)
| 2008–2013(Bills Toronto Series)
| 54,000
| 1989
| FieldTurf
| Toronto
|-
| War Memorial Stadium
| 1960–1972
| 46,500
| 1937
| Grass
| Buffalo, New York
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Miami Dolphins
| Hard Rock Stadium (2016–present)Sun Life Stadium (2010–2016)Land Shark Stadium (2009)Dolphin(s) Stadium (2005–2009)Pro Player Park/Stadium (1996–2005)Joe Robbie Stadium (1987–1996)
| 1987–present
| 65,000
| 1987
| Grass
| Miami Gardens, Florida
|-
| Miami Orange Bowl
| 1966–1986
| 74,476
| 1937
| Grass (1966–1969)Poly-Turf (1970–1976)PAT (1977–1986)
| Miami
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | New England Patriots(Boston Patriots)
| Gillette Stadium (2002–present) CMGi Field (2002)
| 2002–present
| 66,829
| 2002
| FieldTurf (mid-2006–current)Grass (2002–mid-2006)
| rowspan=2 | Foxborough, Massachusetts
|-
|Foxboro StadiumSullivan Stadium (1983–1989)Schaefer Stadium (1971–1982)
| 1971–2001
| 60,292
| 1971
| Grass (1991–2001)AstroTurf (197x–1990)Poly-Turf (1971–197x)
|-
| Harvard Stadium
| 1970
| 30,898
| 1903
| Grass
| Boston
|-
| Alumni Stadium
| 1969
| 44,500
| 1957
| Grass
| Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
|-
| Fenway Park
| 1963–1968
| 33,524
| 1912
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Boston, Massachusetts
|-
| Boston University Field
| 1960–1962
| >9,000
| 1915
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=4 | New York Jets(New York Titans)
| MetLife Stadium (2010–present)New Meadowlands Stadium (2010)
| 2010–present
| 82,500
| 2010
| FieldTurf
| rowspan=2 | East Rutherford, New Jersey
|-
| Giants Stadium
| 1984–2009
| 79,469
| 1976
| FieldTurf (2003–2010)Grass (2000–2002)AstroTurf (1976–1999)
|-
| Shea Stadium
| 1964–1983
| 57,800
| 1964
| Grass
| Queens, New York
|-
| Polo Grounds
| 1960–1963
| 55,000
| 1891
| Grass
| Manhattan, New York
|-
| style="background: #E77471" align="center" colspan="7"|AFC North
|-
! style="width:15%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Surface
! style="width:15%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Baltimore Ravens
| M&T Bank Stadium (2003–present)Ravens Stadium (2002)PSINet Stadium (1998–2001)
| 1998–present
| 71,008
| 1998
| Grass (2016–present)Sportexe Momentum Turf(2003–2015)Grass (1998–2002)
| rowspan=2 | Baltimore
|-
| Memorial Stadium
| 1996–1997
| 53,371
| 1950
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Cincinnati Bengals
| Paycor Stadium (2022–present)Paul Brown Stadium (2000–2022)
| 2000–present
| 65,515
| 2000
| Field Turf (2003–present)Grass (2000–2002)
| rowspan=3 | Cincinnati
|-
| Cinergy Field (1997–1999)Riverfront Stadium (1970–1996)
| 1970–1999
| 59,754
| 1970
| AstroTurf
|-
| Nippert Stadium
| 1968–1969
| 35,000
| 1924
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Cleveland Browns
| Cleveland Browns Stadium (1999–2012, 2023–present)FirstEnergy Stadium (2013–2022)
| 1999–present
| 67,895
| 1999
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Cleveland
|-
| Cleveland Stadium
| 1946–1995
| 74,400
| 1932
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=4 | Pittsburgh Steelers(Pittsburgh Pirates)
| Acrisure Stadium (2022–present)Heinz Field (2001–2022)
| 2001–present
| 68,400
| 2001
| Grass
| rowspan=4 | Pittsburgh
|-
| Three Rivers Stadium
| 1970–2000
| 59,000
| 1970
| AstroTurf (1982–2000)Tartan Turf (1970–1981)
|-
| Pitt Stadium
| 1958–1969
| 56,150
| 1925
| Grass
|-
| Forbes Field
| 1933–1963
| 35,000
| 1909
| Grass
|-
| style="background: #E77471" align="center" colspan="7"|AFC South
|-
! style="width:15%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" | Houston Texans
| NRG Stadium (2014–present)Reliant Stadium (2002–2013)
| 2002–present
| 71,500
| 2002
| UBU Sports Speed Series S5-M (2016–present)Grass (2002–2015)
| Houston
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Indianapolis Colts(Baltimore Colts)
| Lucas Oil Stadium (2008–present)
| 2008–present
| 67,000
| 2008
| FieldTurf
| rowspan=2 | Indianapolis
|-
| RCA Dome (1994–2007)Hoosier Dome (1984–1993)
| 1984–2007
| 57,980
| 1983
| Field Turf (2005–2008)AstroTurf (1984–2004)
|-
| Memorial Stadium
| 1953–1983
| 53,371
| 1950
| Grass
| Baltimore, Maryland
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" | Jacksonville Jaguars
| EverBank Stadium (2023–present)''TIAA Bank Field (2018 - 2022)EverBank Field (2010–2017)Jacksonville Municipal Stadium (2007–2009)Alltel Stadium (1995–2006)
| 1995–present
| 67,246
| 1995
| Grass
| Jacksonville, Florida
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | Tennessee Titans(Tennessee Oilers)(Houston Oilers)
| Nissan Stadium (2015–present)LP Field (2006–2014)The Coliseum (2002–2005)Adelphia Coliseum (1999–2001)
| 1999–present
| 67,000
| 1999
| Matrix Helix Turf (2023-present)Grass (1999-2022)
| rowspan=2 | Nashville, Tennessee
|-
| Vanderbilt StadiumDudley Field (1922–1981)
| 1998
| 41,000
| 1922
| AstroTurf
|-
| Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium
| 1997
| 62,380
| 1965
| Grass
| Memphis, Tennessee
|-
| Astrodome NRG Astrodome (2014–present)Reliant Astrodome (2002–2013)Astrodome (1968–2002)
| 1968–1996
| 62,439
| 1965
| AstroTurf
| rowspan=3 | Houston, Texas
|-
| Rice Stadium
| 1965–1967
| 70,000
| 1950
| Grass
|-
| Jeppesen StadiumRobertson Stadium (1980–2012)
| 1960–1964
| 32,000
| 1942
| Grass
|-
| style="background: #E77471" align="center" colspan="7"|AFC West|-
! style="width:15%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #FFCCCC;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #FFCCCC;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Denver Broncos
| Empower Field at Mile High (2019–present)Broncos Stadium at Mile High (2018)Sports Authority Field at Mile High (2011–2017)INVESCO Field at Mile High (2001–2010)
| 2001–present
| 76,125
| 2001
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Denver
|-
| Mile High StadiumBears Stadium (1960–1968)
| 1960–2000
| 76,273
| 1948
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Kansas City Chiefs(Dallas Texans)
| GEHA Field at Arrowhead Stadium (2021 - Present)Arrowhead Stadium (1972–2020)| 1972–present
| 79,409
| 1972
| Grass (1994–present)Tartan Turf (1972–1993)
| rowspan=2 | Kansas City, Missouri
|-
| Municipal Stadium
| 1963–1971
| 47,500
| 1923
| Grass
|-
| Cotton Bowl
| 1960–1962
| 68,252
| 1932
| Grass
| Dallas
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | Las Vegas Raiders(Oakland Raiders)(Los Angeles Raiders)
| Allegiant Stadium (2020–present)| 2020–present
| 65,000
| 2020
| Grass
| Paradise, Nevada
|-
| Oakland Coliseum RingCentral Coliseum (2019–present)Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum (1960–1997,2008-2010,2016–2018) O.co Coliseum (2011–2015)McAfee Coliseum (2005–2007)Network Associates Coliseum (1998–2004)
| 1995–20191966–1981
| 63,146
| 1966
| Grass
| Oakland, California
|-
| Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
| 1982–1994
| 101,574
| 1923
| Grass
| Los Angeles
|-
| Frank Youell Field
| 1962–1965
| 22,000
| 1962
| Grass
| Oakland, California
|-
| Candlestick ParkMonster Park (2004–2008)San Francisco Stadium at Candlestick Point (2003–2004)3Com Park (1995–2002)Candlestick Park (1960–1994, 2008–2013)
| 1960–1961
| UNK (currently 64,450)
| 1960
| Grass (1979–present)AstroTurf (1971–1978)
| rowspan=2 | San Francisco, California
|-
| Kezar Stadium
| 1960
| 59,942
| 1925
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=5 | Los Angeles Chargers(San Diego Chargers)
| SoFi Stadium (2020–present)| 2020–present
| 70,000
| 2020
| Artificial Turf
| Inglewood, California
|-
|Dignity Health Sports Park (2019–present)StubHub Center (2017–2018)The Home Depot Center (2003–2013)
| 2017–2019
| 30,000
| 2003
| Grass
| Carson, California
|-
| San Diego StadiumSDCCU Stadium (2017–2020)Qualcomm Stadium (1992–2016)Jack Murphy Stadium (1980–1992)San Diego Stadium (1967–1980)
| 1967–2016
| 71,294
| 1967
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | San Diego
|-
| Balboa Stadium
| 1961–1966
| 34,000
| 1914
| Grass
|-
| Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
| 1960
| 101,574
| 1923
| Grass
| Los Angeles, California
|-
| style="background: #0000FF" align="center" colspan="7"|NFC|-
| style="background: #6698FF" align="center" colspan="7"|NFC East|-
! style="width:15%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Years Used
! style="width:5%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Dallas Cowboys
| AT&T Stadium (2013–present)Cowboys Stadium (2009–2013)
| 2009–present
| 80,000–100,000
| 2009
| Matrix artificial turf
| Arlington, Texas
|-
| Texas Stadium
| 1971–2008
| 65,675
| 1971
| RealGrass (2001–2008)Tartan Turf (1971–1980)AstroTurf (1981–2000)
| Irving, Texas
|-
| Cotton Bowl
| 1960–1971
| 68,252
| 1932
| AstroTurf (1970–1971)Grass (1960–1969)
| Dallas, Texas
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | New York Giants
| MetLife Stadium (2010–present)New Meadowlands Stadium (2010)
| 2010–present
| 82,500
| 2010
| Field Turf
| rowspan=2 | East Rutherford, New Jersey
|-
| Giants Stadium
| 1976–2009
| 79,469
| 1976
| Field Turf (2003–2009)Grass (2000–2002)AstroTurf (1976–1999)
|-
| Shea Stadium
| 1975
| 57,800
| 1964
| Grass
| Queens, New York
|-
| Yale Bowl
| 1973–1974
| 64,269
| 1914
| Grass
| New Haven, Connecticut
|-
| Yankee Stadium
| 1956–1973
| 67,000
| 1923
| Grass
| The Bronx, New York
|-
| Polo Grounds
| 1925–1955
| 55,000
| 1891
| Grass
| Manhattan, New York
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | Philadelphia Eagles
| Lincoln Financial Field (2003–present)| 2003–present
| 68,500
| 2003
| Grass
| rowspan=6 | Philadelphia
|-
| Veterans Stadium
| 1971–2002
| 65,386
| 1971
| AstroTurf (1971–2000)NexTurf (2001–2002)
|-
| Franklin Field
| 1958–1970
| 52,593
| 1895
| AstroTurf (1969–1970)Grass (1958–1968)
|-
| Connie Mack StadiumShibe Park (1909–1953)
| 1942–19571940
| 23,000
| 1909
| Grass
|-
| John F. Kennedy StadiumPhiladelphia Municipal Stadium (1927–1963)Sesquicentennial Stadium (1926)
| 19411936–1939
| 75,000
| 1926
| Grass
|-
| Baker BowlPhiladelphia Base Ball Grounds (1887–1895)National League Park (1895–1913)
| 1933–1935
| 20,000
| 1887
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=5 | Washington Commanders(Washington Football Team)(Washington Redskins)(Boston Redskins)(Boston Braves)
| FedExField (2000–present)Jack Kent Cooke Stadium (1997–1999)
| 1997–present
| 82,000
| 1997
| Grass
| Landover, Maryland
|-
| RFK StadiumD.C. Stadium (1961–1968)
| 1961–1996
| 55,672
| 1961
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Washington, D.C.
|-
| Griffith StadiumNational Park (1911–1920)
| 1937–1960
| 32,000
| 1911
| Grass
|-
| Fenway Park
| 1933–1936
| 33,524
| 1912
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Boston, Massachusetts
|-
| Braves FieldNational League Park (1936–1941)
| 1932
| 40,000
| 1915
| Grass
|-
| style="background: #6698FF" align="center" colspan="7"|NFC North|-
! style="width:15%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Years Used
! style="width:5%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=5 | Chicago Bears(Chicago Staleys)(Decatur Staleys)
| Soldier Field (2003–present)| 2003–present
| 63,000
| 1924
| Grass
| Chicago
|-
| Memorial Stadium
| 2002
| 69,249
| 1923
| AstroPlay
| Champaign, Illinois
|-
| Soldier FieldMunicipal Grant Park Stadium (1924–1925)
| 1971–2001
| 61,500
| 1924
| Grass (1988–2001)AstroTurf (1971–1987)
| rowspan=2 | Chicago, Illinois
|-
| Wrigley Field
| 1921–1970
| 40,000
| 1914
| Grass
|-
| Staley Field
| 1920
| 1,500
| 1915
| Grass
| Decatur, Illinois
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=5 | Detroit Lions(Portsmouth Spartans)
| Ford Field (2002–present)| 2002–present
| 65,000
| 2002
| Field Turf
| Detroit
|-
| Pontiac Silverdome
| 1975–2001
| 80,311
| 1975
| AstroTurf
| Pontiac, Michigan
|-
| Tiger StadiumBriggs Stadium (1938–1960)
| 1938–1974
| 52,416
| 1912
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Detroit, Michigan
|-
| University of Detroit Stadium
| 1934–1937
| 25,000
| 1928
| Grass
|-
| Universal StadiumSpartan Municipal Stadium (1970–present)
| 1930–1933
| 8,200
| 1930
| Grass
| Portsmouth, Ohio
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=8 | Green Bay Packers
| Lambeau Field (1957–present)New City Stadium (1957–1965)
| 1957–present
| 81,435
| 1957
| Grass
| Green Bay, Wisconsin
|-
| Milwaukee County Stadium
| 1953–1994(2–4 games yearly)
| 53,192
| 1953
| Grass
| rowspan=4 | Milwaukee
|-
| Marquette Stadium
| 1952(3 games)
| 15,000
| 1924
| Grass
|-
| Wisconsin State Fair Park
| 1934–1951(2–3 games yearly)
| UNK
| 1891
| Grass
|-
| Borchert Field
| 1933(1 game)
| 13,000
| 1888
| Grass
|-
| City Stadium
| 1926–1956
| 25,000
| 1926
| Grass
| rowspan=3 | Green Bay, Wisconsin
|-
| Bellevue Park
| 1923–1925
| 4,000–5,000
| 1923
| Grass
|-
| Hagemeister Park
| 1919–1922
| UNK
| 1919
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=4 | Minnesota Vikings
| U.S. Bank Stadium (2016–present)| 2016–present
| 65,400
| 2016
| UBU Sports Speed Series S5-M
| rowspan=3| Minneapolis
|-
| TCF Bank Stadium
| 2014–2015
| 50,805
| 2009
| FieldTurf
|-
| Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
| 1982–2013
| 64,035
| 1982
| UBU-Intensity Series-S5-M Synthetic Turf (2011–2013)Sportexe Momentum Turf (2010)Field Turf (2004–2009)AstroTurf (1987–2003)Superturf (1982–1986)
|-
| Metropolitan Stadium
| 1961–1981
| 45,919
| 1956
| Grass
| Bloomington, Minnesota
|-
| style="background: #6698FF" align="center" colspan="7"|NFC South|-
! style="width:15%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Atlanta Falcons
| Mercedes-Benz Stadium (2017–present)| 2017–present
| 71,000
| 2017
| Artificial turf (2017–present)
| rowspan=3 | Atlanta
|-
| Georgia Dome
| 1992–2016
| 71,149
| 1992
| Field Turf (2003–2016)AstroTurf (1992–2002)
|-
| Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium
| 1966–1991
| 62,000
| 1966
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Carolina Panthers
| Bank of America Stadium (2004–present)Ericsson Stadium (1996–2003)Carolinas Stadium (1995)
| 1996–present
| 73,779
| 1996
| Grass
| Charlotte, North Carolina
|-
| Frank Howard Field at Memorial Stadium
| 1995
| 80,301
| 1942
| Grass
| Clemson, South Carolina
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=6 | New Orleans Saints
| Caesars Superdome (2021–present)Mercedes-Benz Superdome (2011–2021)Louisiana Superdome (1975–2010)
| 2006–present1975–2004
| 76,468
| 1975
| Sportexe Momentum Turf (2006–present)AstroPlay (2003–2004)AstroTurf (1975–2003)
| New Orleans
|-
| TIAA Bank Field
| One game in 2021
| 67,814
| 1995
| Grass
| Jacksonville, Florida
|-
| Tiger Stadium
| Four games in 2005
| 92,400
| 1924
| Grass
| Baton Rouge, Louisiana
|-
| Alamodome
| Three games in 2005
| 65,000
| 1993
| SportField
| San Antonio, Texas
|-
| Giants Stadium
| One game in 2005
| 79,469
| 1976
| FieldTurf
| East Rutherford, New Jersey
|-
| Tulane Stadium
| 1967–1974
| 80,985
| 1926
| Poly-Turf (1971–1974)Grass (1967–1970)
| New Orleans, Louisiana
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=2 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers
| Raymond James Stadium (1998–present)| 1998–present
| 65,657
| 1998
| Grass
| rowspan=2 | Tampa, Florida
|-
| Tampa StadiumHoulihan's Stadium (1996–1997)Tampa Stadium (1976–1995)
| 1976–1997
| 74,301
| 1976
| Grass
|-
| style="background: #6698FF" align="center" colspan="7"|NFC West|-
! style="width:15%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Team(former names)
! style="width:25%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Stadium(former names)
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Years used
! style="width:5%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Capacity
! style="width:5%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Opened
! style="width:10%;background: #D0E7FF;" | Surface
! style="width:10%; background: #D0E7FF;" | Location
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=8 | Arizona Cardinals(Phoenix Cardinals)(St. Louis Cardinals)(Chicago Cardinals)(Racine Cardinals)(Racine Normals)(Morgan Athletic Club)
| State Farm Stadium (2018–present)University of Phoenix Stadium (2006–2017)
| 2006–present
| 63,000
| 2006
| Grass
| Glendale, Arizona
|-
| Sun Devil Stadium
| 1988–2005
| 73,379
| 1958
| Grass
| Tempe, Arizona
|-
| Busch Stadium (II)
| 1966–1987
| 49,676
| 1966
| AstroTurf (1970–1987)Grass (1966–1969)
| rowspan=2 | St. Louis, Missouri
|-
| Busch Stadium (I)
| 1960–1965
| 30,500
| 1881
| Grass
|-
| Metropolitan Stadium
| 1959(2 games)
| 18,600
| 1956
| Grass
| Bloomington, Minnesota
|-
| Soldier FieldMunicipal Grant Park Stadium (1924–1925)
| 1959(4 games)
| 61,500
| 1924
| Grass
| rowspan=3 | Chicago, Illinois
|-
| Comiskey Park
| 1929–19581922–1925
| 52,000
| 1910
| Grass
|-
| Normal Park
| 1926–19281920–1921
| UNK
| UNK
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=8 | Los Angeles Rams(St. Louis Rams)(Cleveland Rams)
| SoFi Stadium (2020–present)| 2020–present
| 70,000
| 2020
| Artificial Turf
| Inglewood, California
|-
| Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
| 2016–20191946–1979
| 93,607
| 1923
| Grass
| Los Angeles, California
|-
| Edward Jones DomeTrans World Dome (1995–2001)The Dome at America's Center (2001–2002, 2016–present)
| 1995–2015
| 66,000
| 1995
| AstroTurf (2005–present)FieldTurf (2005–2010)AstroTurf (1995–2004)
| rowspan=2 | St. Louis, Missouri
|-
| Busch Stadium (II)
| 1995
| 49,676
| 1966
| AstroTurf
|-
| Anaheim Stadium
| 1980–1994
| 64,593
| 1966
| Grass
| Anaheim, California
|-
| League Park
| 1944–194519421937
| 21,414
| 1891
| Grass
| rowspan=3 | Cleveland, Ohio
|-
| Cleveland Stadium
| 1939–19411937
| 78,000
| 1932
| Grass
|-
| Shaw Stadium
| 1938
| UNK
| UNK
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | San Francisco 49ers
| Levi's Stadium (2014–present)
| 2014–present
| 68,983
| 2014
| Grass
| Santa Clara, California
|-
| Candlestick ParkMonster Park (2005–2008)3Com Park (1995–2004)Candlestick Park (1960–1994, 2008–2013)
| 1971–2013
| 64,450
| 1960
| Grass (1979–present)AstroTurf (1971–1978)
| rowspan=2 | San Francisco, California
|-
| Kezar Stadium
| 1946–1970
| 59,942
| 1925
| Grass
|-
! style="background: #ececec;" rowspan=3 | Seattle Seahawks
| Lumen Field (2020–present)CenturyLink Field (2011–2019)Qwest Field (2004–2011)Seahawks Stadium (2002–2003)
| 2002–present
| 68,000
| 2002
| Field Turf
| rowspan=3 | Seattle
|-
| Husky Stadium
| 2000–2001Three games in 1994
| 72,500
| 1920
| Field Turf
|-
| Kingdome
| 1976–1999
| 66,000
| 1976
| AstroTurf
|}
NFL International Series
The following stadiums have hosted, or will host, regular season games outside of the United States as part of the NFL International Series:
Temporary home stadiums
Occasionally, a team's home games are moved from their usual site to another location, usually either due to natural disasters, or to the stadium being in use for other events. The list of temporary home stadiums''' is ordered by the date on which the game using the temporary location was played.
See also
List of current National Football League stadiums
Stadiums to host the Super Bowl (including future years)
Stadiums that have hosted the Pro Bowl
List of most consecutive games with touchdown passes in the National Football League at one stadium
List of NCAA Division I FBS football stadiums
List of NCAA Division I FCS football stadiums
List of American football stadiums by capacity
List of U.S. stadiums by capacity
List of North American stadiums by capacity
List of Canadian Football League stadiums
List of Major League Baseball stadiums
List of Major League Soccer stadiums
List of Major League Lacrosse stadiums
List of National Basketball Association arenas
List of National Hockey League arenas
References
External links
Map of NFL Stadiums
football
National Football League chronology |
89010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate%2083 | Interstate 83 | Interstate 83 (I-83) is an Interstate Highway located in the states of Maryland and Pennsylvania in the Eastern United States. Its southern terminus is at a signalized intersection with Fayette Street in Baltimore, Maryland; its northern terminus is at I-81 near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. I-83 runs from Downtown Baltimore north to I-695 near the northern suburb of Timonium on the Jones Falls Expressway before forming a concurrency with I-695. After splitting from I-695, the route follows the Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway north to the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania. Upon crossing the state line, I-83 becomes the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States Memorial Highway and continues north through York toward the Harrisburg area. The route runs along the southern and eastern portion of the Capital Beltway that encircles Harrisburg before reaching its northern terminus.
Most of the route south of Lemoyne, Pennsylvania, is a direct replacement of U.S. Route 111 (US 111), a former spur of US 11.
Route description
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|Total
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Maryland
Jones Falls Expressway
The Jones Falls Expressway (JFX) is a freeway that carries I-83 from Downtown Baltimore to the northern suburbs. It is the area's true north–south artery, because I-95 runs mostly east–west through the city. Its southern terminus is at Fayette Street, and its northern terminus is at Maryland Route 25 (MD 25), just north of the Baltimore Beltway (I-695). Inside Baltimore, the road is maintained not by the Maryland State Highway Administration (MDSHA), which controls most freeways in the state, but by the city's Department of Transportation.
The freeway begins at an at-grade four-way intersection between the JFX, Fayette Street, and President Street, located in close proximity to the Phoenix Shot Tower. President Street continues south along the eastern edge of the central business district (CBD) to terminate at a traffic circle in Harbor East. Fayette Street serves as an access route into the downtown area.
Passing beneath the Orleans Street Viaduct (US 40), the JFX runs north, passing near the Washington Monument. Between exits 3 and 4, there is a 90-degree turn that sometimes requires motorists to slow down just before entering it, with an advisory speed posted at . The curve is located between the Guilford Avenue and Preston Street overpasses. Within the curve, the southbound JFX interchanges with MD 2, with an exit to St. Paul Street and an entrance from Charles Street.
Having passed this curve, the JFX begins to parallel MD 25, going under the Howard Street Bridge and interchanging with Maryland Avenue and North Avenue (US 1/US 40 Truck) before continuing north past Druid Lake, forming the northeastern boundary of Druid Hill Park. Running northwest out of the city center, the JFX is paralleled by its namesake river, the Jones Falls, on one side, and MTA Maryland's Baltimore Light RailLink line on the other. Closer to downtown, the light rail line peels off in a different direction, while the falls flows directly underneath the elevated freeway.
After interchanging with Cold Spring Lane and Northern Parkway (between which lies the Cylburn Arboretum), the JFX exits Baltimore, entering Baltimore County. Passing close to Mt. Washington Pediatric Hospital, Mount Saint Agnes College, and Jones Falls Park, the route skirts the edge of Lake Roland before interchanging with Ruxton Road just south of I-695 (Baltimore Beltway).
At the beltway, I-83 leaves the JFX and joins I-695 for a distance of , where it separates from the latter route to continue onward into northern Maryland. Meanwhile, the JFX continues for another in a four-lane divided format before terminating at an at-grade intersection with MD 25 (Falls Road). I-83 and I-695 split off at the southern terminus of the Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway, and I-695 continues its eastward trek toward Towson and Parkville.
Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway
After separating from the Beltway, I-83 is now known as the Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway. Running due north away from the Beltway, the route parallels MD 45 (York Road), the former route of US 111. Passing to the west of Timonium and Cockeysville, I-83 leaves the suburban belt around Baltimore and enters rural Baltimore County just north of Hunt Valley at Shawan Road. I-83 and MD 45 continue to parallel one another through the northern portion of the county, with MD 45 crossing over I-83 once, at an interchange. This segment of I-83 has several sections with higher than usual gradients.
The only major settlement encountered by I-83 along this stretch is Monkton, reached via MD 137. To the west of I-83, MD 137 connects with the northern terminus of MD 25, I-83's former companion to the south.
The Interstate eventually crosses the Mason–Dixon line into York County, Pennsylvania, north of Baltimore, mere feet from a partial interchange with Freeland Road and parallel with MD 45; the latter route becomes the Susquehanna Trail when it reaches Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania
Throughout Pennsylvania, I-83 is named the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States Memorial Highway. I-83 enters Pennsylvania, crossing the Mason–Dixon line and passing to the east of Shrewsbury as it runs due north toward York. The route bypasses the boroughs of Loganville and Jacobus before entering the city of York.
I-83 has a business route through downtown York, known as I-83 Business (I-83 Bus). The business route follows the former path of US 111, while I-83 turns northeast and then north again to bypass the urban area. Near Pennsylvania Route 462 (PA 462), the Lincoln Highway, the Interstate turns west for a short distance, then north again to an interchange with US 30. Beyond US 30, I-83 resumes its straight path, running due north out of York and passing to the west of Emigsville.
North of PA 297, I-83 is known as the Susquehanna Expressway. It maintains this name as it passes to the south and west of Valley Green, continuing north toward Harrisburg. South of Harrisburg, I-83 has an interchange with I-76 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). North of I-76, I-83 continues due north, passing through New Cumberland, before an interchange with the eastern terminus of PA 581 in Lemoyne.
After the interchange with PA 581, I-83 is known as the Capital Beltway. The highway turns due east and crosses the Susquehanna River over the John Harris Bridge, south of Downtown Harrisburg, passing south of Paxtang before encountering I-283 and US 322 at the Eisenhower Interchange. Within the interchange, I-83 exits from itself, with each direction of traffic following a one-lane ramp; facing east, I-83's former lanes become US 322, while, facing north, I-283's lanes become I-83. The interchanges includes ramps to local roads as well. From this point northbound to exit 51, traffic is often congested during daylight hours. I-83 and westbound US 322 continue north toward US 22 and I-81, I-283 goes due south toward the turnpike and PA 283's western terminus, and eastbound US 322 goes due east toward Hershey.
Beyond this interchange, I-83 and US 322 run due north through the eastern suburbs of Harrisburg, interchanging with US 22 northeast of the CBD in Colonial Park, before I-83 terminates at a three-way semidirectional interchange with I-81. From here, US 322 continues west along I-81 south.
History
Pennsylvania
I-83 was one of the first Interstate Highways built in Pennsylvania. Much of its routing through the state follows a freeway bypass of the since decommissioned US 111. The route received the I-83 designation in 1960. The first section built (opened 1954), runs from PA 392 in Newberry Township north to PA 114 in Fairview Township. The entire highway was completed in 1971 with the massive Eisenhower Interchange in Harrisburg.
The interchange with PA 851 near Shrewsbury was reconstructed into a diverging diamond interchange, which opened to traffic on June 28, 2021.
Jones Falls Expressway
The first Interstate to be built in Baltimore was the JFX; the Greater Baltimore Committee pushed to enact legislation from the Baltimore City Council in 1955. It was the first to be constructed due to community opposition to the other planned freeways within the city. By the early 1960s, the JFX was completed as far as Guilford Avenue, within the city limits. It was completed as far as Pleasant Street in the downtown area by 1983, but the remaining to I-95 were canceled in September 1982. To compensate for the loss of the remainder of the JFX, the portion in situ was extended to Fayette Street by 1987, and the Jones Falls Boulevard project substantially rebuilt of President Street, across from the JFX at Fayette Street, to allow the traffic to and from the Interstate to be collected and distributed from the surrounding city streets. By 1990, the project was completed.
Due to community opposition to the other freeway plans being produced by city officials, the JFX was the very first limited-access highway to be completed within the city of Baltimore and remained so for several years. Originally, the JFX was to continue through the Southeast Baltimore neighborhoods of Fell's Point and Canton to a junction with the then-planned I-95, but opposition from residents of those neighborhoods successfully blocked that proposal. As a result, I-83 became the first Maryland road in the Interstate Highway System.
Planning
As part of the planning for an east–west route through Baltimore, the alignment of the JFX underwent various modifications. Under the original plan for freeways in Baltimore, the 1962 Baltimore 10-D Interstate System, the JFX would have junctioned I-70N (which became I-70 in 1975) and I-95, which were planned to follow an east–west route through the southern edge of the CBD, near the southeastern edge of the CBD. The JFX would end at roughly the same location where it currently does. As a result of community opposition to other portions of the 10-D System, the 1969 Baltimore 3-A Interstate and Boulevard System was adopted by the city. In this plan, the JFX would continue south along its present alignment then turn east and pass through the Fell's Point neighborhood on a six-lane elevated viaduct, before continuing east along Boston Street to junction I-95 (which was also rerouted to its current alignment) north of the Fort McHenry Tunnel. In the mid-1970s, this plan was modified due to fears that the viaduct would result in destruction of the Fell's Point area, which contains many historic properties. Under the modification, I-83 would continue south and descend into a six-lane underwater tunnel beneath the Inner Harbor, then turn east under the harbor, pass to the south of Fell's Point, return to the surface in the Canton area and continue to I-95.
Under this plan, I-83 was expected to act mostly as a northerly spur to and from the CBD and as an easterly spur to and from the CBD; through traffic was expected to be a small proportion of the total amount making use of the route. I-83's terminus at I-95 would have been a full three-way freeway-to-freeway interchange, with a full complement of ramps provided for access to and from Boston Street and O'Donnell Street. When construction began on I-95 through East Baltimore in the mid-1970s, a short six-lane section was built within the vicinity of the planned I-83 interchange. This was done in anticipation of I-83 connecting the CBD to I-95, the rest of which carries at least eight lanes of traffic throughout the city.
Truncation
By 1963, the JFX was completed as far south as Guilford Avenue and, by the mid-1970s, was extended to Monument Street. By 1983, the route extended all the way to Pleasant Street, with a dead-end bridge stub indicating plans to continue south along the 3-A alignment to I-95.
However, in September 1982 the segment of the JFX between Pleasant Street and I-95, a distance of , was officially withdrawn from the Interstate Highway System. Robert Douglas, then the chief of the Interstate Division for Baltimore City (IDBC), stated at the time that the very high financial costs of the I-83 extension (estimated at $609 million in the early 1980s, and likely to reach $1 billion with inflation taken into account) led to the cancelation of the segment. As a result, the JFX was truncated at Fayette Street, ending at an at-grade intersection.
To make up for the loss of the I-83 segment, the Jones Falls Boulevard project substantially rebuilt approximately of President Street between I-83 and the downtown area to provide the capacity to absorb traffic to and from the Interstate; the project was completed by 1987. Other roadways in the canceled I-83 corridor also benefited from major reconstruction and rehabilitation. The federal funding planned to be used for the I-83 extension was instead cross-transferred to other highway projects; routes that may have benefited include I-97, I-195, I-370, and the upgrade of a portion of John Hanson Highway to I-595.
Future
As Congress worked toward reauthorization of the Surface Transportation Act, the Greater Lynchburg Chamber of Commerce and other groups in Virginia wanted I-83 extended southward to provide bypasses for Charlottesville, Lynchburg, and Danville, and to link those cities to Greensboro, North Carolina. By June 1991, Robert LaLone, director of programs for the Lynchburg Chamber, admitted that an Interstate was unlikely, but upgrading of US 29, with bypasses included, is more likely.
The possibility of extending I-83 (rather than I-99) north to Rochester, New York, was discussed at the October 2002 I-99 Task Force meeting. However, part of the proposed route on US 11/US 15 has since been rebuilt as a four-lane surface road that does not meet Interstate standards. Expensive additional reconstruction, including new interchanges, service roads, and realignments, would be necessary. The farthest north that I-83 could be extended currently would be Benvenue, Pennsylvania, on a bridge over the Susquehanna River, where a recently built freeway section of US 22/US 322 (Dauphin Bypass) downgrades to an undivided four-lane road. Recently however, the Central Susquehanna Valley Thruway, a freeway project along the proposed corridor near Shamokin Dam, Pennsylvania, has been approved and is under construction as of 2016, with the first section opening in 2022.
In 2005, Walter Sondheim, a prominent Baltimore city planner unveiled a proposal to tear down the elevated portion of the JFX that leads into downtown. In the JFX's place, President Street would be extended north to Eager Street, where the elevated section ends. City officials have since offered tentative support for the idea, though it is unlikely that any action will be taken until about 2020, when the current elevated structure will need an overhaul if it is to remain in use. If the downtown JFX were demolished, Baltimore would join San Francisco, Boston, and Milwaukee to become among the large US cities that have removed some of their downtown elevated freeways. On May 17, 2009, The Baltimore Sun revealed a plan by Rummel, Klepper & Kahl LLP, to tear down of the JFX to create an urban boulevard that would help connect downtown to the east side of the city, and Johns Hopkins Hospital.
From 2012 to 2015, the I-83/PA 581 interchange outside of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, was modified. Formerly, I-83 was reduced to one lane going northbound through the interchange, resulting in frequent traffic jams during peak travel times. The northbound part of the highway was widened, one bridge was replaced and several exits in the vicinity were reconfigured. A second project started in 2016, with work to be completed from its northern terminus at I-81 to just past the Union Deposit Road interchange. The project, expected to be completed in 2021, will reconstruct two interchanges and associated overpasses, as well as widen adjacent sections of the highway to six throughlanes.
In York, Pennsylvania, a reconstruction of the Mt. Rose Avenue (PA 124) interchange is being completed in anticipation of a future widening of I-83 around the east and north sides of the city. Also, studies are being done north of town to help ease traffic in a section heavily traveled by trucks.
Exit list
Exit numbers in Pennsylvania were changed in April 2001 from being sequence-based to milemarker-based.
Auxiliary routes
I-83 has one auxiliary route: I-283, a connector from I-83 south to I-76 (Pennsylvania Turnpike) and PA 283 southeast of Harrisburg.
Business route
Interstate 83 Business (I-83 Bus.) is a short Interstate business loop in York, Pennsylvania. It begins at a semidirectional T interchange with I-83 south of York, continuing north as a freeway for before the freeway ends at a partial interchange with South George Street. The route continues north along George Street through downtown York, intersecting PA 74/PA 462 before leaving the city and intersecting US 30. Here, PA 181 begins and runs north concurrent with I-83 Bus. for a short distance before I-83 Bus. ends at an interchange with I-83. PA 181 continues north past the northern terminus of I-83 Bus.
From its designation in 1961 until the designation of I-376 Bus. in 2009, I-83 Bus. was the only business route of an Interstate Highway in Pennsylvania.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
Interstate Guide - I-83
I-83 in Maryland at AARoads.com
I-83 in Pennsylvania at AARoads.com
I-83 at MDRoads.com
Pennsylvania Highways: I-83
Maryland Roads - I-83
Pennsylvania Roads - I-83
Steve Anderson's DCroads.net: Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway (I-83)
Steve Anderson's DCroads.net: Jones Falls Expressway (I-83)
Roads to the Future: Baltimore Harbor Interstate Map
Kelly, Jacques. "JFX is a long stretch of history," The Baltimore Sun, Saturday, February 7, 2009.
83
83
Roads in the Harrisburg, Pennsylvania area
83
Roads in Baltimore
Roads in Baltimore County, Maryland
Transportation in York County, Pennsylvania
Transportation in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Transportation in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania
Limited-access roads in Maryland |
11372176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda%20Evans%20%28author%29 | Linda Evans (author) | Linda Ellen Evans (born December 6, 1958) is an American science fiction writer currently residing in Archer, Florida. She is an author of ten novels and four anthologies, as well as of several other co-authored novels. In 1996 her published novels had sold more than 100,000 copies. She has been published in English, German, and Russian, as well as hardback, paperback, and book-club editions.
Early life
Evans was born December 25, 1958. She grew up in Crawfordsville, Indiana and attended Crawfordsville High School. After graduation she attended Flagler College in St. Augustine, Florida.
She began a career at the University of Florida in the 1980s, working in the university's College of Dentistry and its Gator Band office. During the 1990s, Evans was employed at the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences as a writer in the department of Marketing and Communications and during the late 2000s in the Institute's International Programs office. Her title was Coordinator Educational Media/Communications and International Focus Newsletter Editor. She was a writer, editor, webmaster and web graphic designer, photographer and print-document graphic designer, marketing and public relations specialist, event coordinator, and international-visitor tour organizer. Evans retired from the University of Florida after a 28-year career there.
Works
Sleipnir — Baen (1994), read online As Evans' first published work, Sleipnir required ten years to produce between beginning to write and its first printing.
Far Edge of Darkness — Baen; First Edition (July 1, 1996) read online
While many assume that Sleipnir was intended to be part of a series, this is not actually true. The novel was always intended to be a stand-alone work. A possible sequel has been contemplated. The ending is Heinleinian, in that it suggests action to come without actually intending for the story to continue. While some readers find this unsatisfying, the book did not, as is sometimes reported, end on a cliffhanger.
The second novel, Far Edge of Darkness, was intended as the first half of the story and it does end with a literal cliffhanger, meaning the story is unfinished and has been since 1996. The sequel is currently in outline stage.
Anthologies
Bolos 3: The Triumphant - Including novellas: "The Farmer's Wife", "Little Red Hen" (co-written with Robert R. Hollingsworth), and "Little Dog Gone"
Bolos 4: Last Stand (1996) - Includes Evans' fictional "historical essay" of humanity's contacts with alien races
Bolos 6: Cold Steel (2002) - Includes Evans' novella titled "Though Hell Should Bar the Way"
Worlds of Honor, in David Weber's Honor Harrington Universe. Includes Evans' novella "The Stray", which is a far-future murder mystery in which the sole witness is an alien incapable of producing verbal language
With David Weber
Bolos: Book 3 The Triumphant
Includes 3 novellas by Evans (one in collaboration with Robert R. Hollingsworth) and David Weber wrote a fourth novella on his own; Evans' are "The Farmer's Wife", "Little Red Hen", and "Little Dog Gone"
Worlds of Honor
Evans wrote the opening novella, "The Stray", while writing in Weber's Honor Harrington universe; Weber did not co-author that novella.
Hell's Gate seriesHell's Gate (2006)Hell Hath No Fury (2007)The Road to Hell also with co-author Joelle Presby (2016)
With John RingoThe Road to Damascus (read online) (2004) - Written by Evans from John Ringo's outline, set in Keith Laumer's Bolos universe
With Robert AsprinTime Scout (1995)Wagers of Sin (1996)Ripping Time (2000)The House That Jack Built (2001)For King and Country (2002)
All of the Time Scout series are by Evans from outlines by Asprin. Ripping Time and The Hous That Jack Built'' are one complete story. The other three stand alone as novels.
References
External links
Linda Evans at Baen Books
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American science fiction writers
American women short story writers
American women novelists
Crawfordsville High School alumni
Flagler College alumni
Living people
1958 births
Novelists from Indiana
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
20th-century American short story writers
21st-century American short story writers |
53498577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caleb%20Q.%20Dyer | Caleb Q. Dyer | Caleb Q. Dyer (born May 5, 1996) is an American politician and a former member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives. He was first elected to the chamber in 2016 as a Republican. On February 9, 2017, Dyer switched his party affiliation to Libertarian. He served on the House Environment and Agriculture Committee, and as the House Libertarian Floor Leader.
Personal life
Caleb Dyer was born in Stoneham, Massachusetts, on May 5, 1996, to Mitchell Edmund Dyer and Elizabeth Erica Dyer (née Swenson). For a brief period his family lived in Everett, Massachusetts, before moving to New Hampshire. In the late 1990s, his family moved to Hudson, New Hampshire, where he was raised. He attended Hills-Garrison Elementary School, Hudson Memorial Middle School, and Alvirne High School. He graduated from Alvirne High School in 2015. While a student at Alvirne, he was a member of the B Naturals, a select jazz choir, which had the distinct honor of performing the national anthem before the New Hampshire House of Representatives. He is also a former member of Boy Scout Troop 21 in Hudson. He spends a great amount of time producing music with his friends and loves to cook for them as well.
Political career
Electoral history
On June 1, 2016, Dyer filed to run as a Republican candidate for the New Hampshire House of Representatives from Hillsborough County's 37th district. By the end of the filing period there were 17 Republican candidates. On September 13, 2016, he was elected one of the eleven Republican nominees for the office of Representative. On November 8, 2016, Dyer was one of the eleven candidates elected to the office of Representative. During this campaign, Dyer claims to have spent approximately $400. There is no way to verify this claim as New Hampshire does not require the filing of campaign finance reports for those candidates (or committees) receiving or spending less than $500.
Dyer ran for reelection as a Libertarian in 2018, and lost, garnering 0.8% of the vote and winning fewer votes than all candidates on the Republican and Democratic tickets.
Party history
On February 9, 2017, Rep. Dyer announced at a press conference at the Legislative Office Building that he had officially changed his voter registration from Republican to Libertarian. In his address he cited concerns with House Republican leadership, stating: "Instead of embracing this division (of the majority) and building a coalition from it the leadership has alienated a growing portion of the electorate that installed them."
House Libertarian Caucus
On May 10, 2017, following the announcement by Rep. Joseph Stallcop that he had changed his party affiliation and registration to Libertarian, Rep. Dyer announced that the two representatives had re-established the House Libertarian Caucus and made plans to meet regularly in the Legislative Office Building prior to each regular session of the House. In Dyer's statement he declared that the caucus would be open to "any and all legislators who find themselves in a similar situation to where we had found ourselves. The Libertarian Party welcomes all who have the courage and conviction to think and live freely.".
Dyer sponsored bills during his term that would have eliminated the emissions test requirement for motor vehicles, abolished the death penalty, created a business tax credit for paid parental leave, allowed minors over 16 years old to independently consent to medical procedures, reduced criminal penalties for possession of illegal drugs and certain violations of occupational licensing laws, switched to approval voting in elections, made ballot access easier for smaller political parties, and allowed political parties to opt out of primary elections, in New Hampshire. Dyer also sponsored a bill to legalize recreational marijuana use, which passed in late 2017.
See also
Max Abramson
Brandon Phinney
Joseph Stallcop
References
External links
Campaign website
Official House website
1996 births
Living people
Libertarian Party (United States) officeholders
Republican Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
New Hampshire Libertarians
People from Hudson, New Hampshire
People from Pelham, New Hampshire
People from Stoneham, Massachusetts |
1796006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Verve%20E.P. | The Verve E.P. | Verve is the first EP by English rock band Verve, released in December 1992 on Vernon Yard Recordings in the United States and Hut Records in the United Kingdom. Two singles from the EP would reappear on the B-side compilation No Come Down ("Gravity Grave") and the singles compilation This Is Music: The Singles 92–98 ("Gravity Grave" and "She's a Superstar").
The EP captures the Verve's early style of experimental psychedelic rock.
The cover was shot in Richard Ashcroft's flat in Wigan. The person on the cover is Ashcroft's then-girlfriend Sarah Carpenter.
Track listing
"Gravity Grave" (edit) – 4:27
"A Man Called Sun" – 5:45
"She's a Superstar" (edit) – 5:03
"Endless Life" – 5:32
"Feel" – 10:42
Singles
"She's a Superstar" (June 22, 1992)
"Gravity Grave" (October 5, 1992)
Personnel
The Verve
Richard Ashcroft – vocals
Nick McCabe – guitar
Simon Jones – bass
Peter Salisbury – drums
Technical
All tracks produced by Barry Clempson except "A Man Called Sun"
"A Man Called Sun" produced and mixed by Paul Schroeder
Mixed by Barry Clempson and Tony Harris, Paul Schroeder ("A Man Called Sun")
Photography by Michael Spencer Jones
Sleeve concept and design by Brian Cannon for Microdot
References
External links
Verve at YouTube (streamed copy where licensed)
The Verve albums
1992 debut EPs |
10092928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional%20Government%20of%20Oregon | Provisional Government of Oregon | The Provisional Government of Oregon was a popularly elected settler government created in the Oregon Country, in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Its formation had been advanced at the Champoeg Meetings since February 17, 1841, and it existed from May 2, 1843 until March 3, 1849, and provided a legal system and a common defense amongst the mostly American pioneers settling an area then inhabited by the many Indigenous Nations. Much of the region's geography and many of the Natives were not known by people of European descent until several exploratory tours were authorized at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. The Organic Laws of Oregon were adopted in 1843 with its preamble stating that settlers only agreed to the laws "until such time as the United States of America extend their jurisdiction over us". According to a message from the government in 1844, the rising settler population was beginning to flourish among the "savages", who were "the chief obstruction to the entrance of civilization" in a land of "ignorance and idolatry".
The government had three branches that included a legislature, judiciary, and executive branch. The executive branch was first the Executive Committee, consisting of three members, in effect from 1843 to 1845; in 1845, a governor replaced the committee. The judicial branch had a single Supreme Judge along with several lower courts, and a legislative committee of nine served as a legislature until 1845 when the Oregon House of Representatives was established.
Background
A series of frontiersmen assemblies were held over several years across the Willamette Valley, with many on the French Prairie at Champoeg. On February 9, 1841, the death of prominent settler Ewing Young – who left no will nor had any heir in Oregon Country – left the future of his property uncertain. On February 17, Jason Lee chaired the first meeting organised to discuss the matter. He proposed the creation of an authority over the pioneers centered on a governor. French-Canadian settlers blocked the measure and instead a probate judge and a few other positions were appointed.
Further attempts at a pioneer government floundered until travel over the Oregon Trail led to an increase in the American settler population. Initiated by William Gray, the "Wolf Meetings" of early 1843 created a bounty system on predators of settler livestock. Further discussions began among the settlers until a gathering was held at Champoeg on May 2, with under 150 Americans and French-Canadians participating. The proposal for forming a provisional government was tabled and voted on twice. The first vote rejected the presented report due to the inclusion of a governor, with a second vote on each individual item proposed. On July 5, 1843, the Organic Laws of Oregon, modeled after Iowa's Organic Law and the Ordinance of 1787, were adopted by colonists of the Willamette Valley, establishing the Provisional Government of Oregon.
The government was, according to pioneers Overton Johnson and William H. Winter, intended from the start as an interim entity, until "whenever [the United States] extends her jurisdiction over the Territory". (Johnson would go on to serve as Recorder for the provisional government for a few months in 1844.)
Structure
The Organic Laws were drafted by a legislative committee on May 16, 1843 and June 28, 1843, before being adopted on July 5. Although not a formal constitution, the document outlined the laws of the government. Two years later, on July 2, 1845, a new set of Organic Laws was drafted to revise and clarify the previous version; this newer version was adopted by a majority vote of the people on July 26, 1845. This constitution-like document divided the government into three departments: a judiciary branch, an executive branch, and a legislature. The definition of the executive branch had previously been modified, in late 1844, from a three-person committee to a single governor; this change took effect in 1845.
When appealing for military aid from the American Government in the aftermath of the Whitman massacre, the settlers detailed the structural weaknesses of the Provisional Government: The very nature of our compact formed between the citizens of a republic and the subjects and official representatives of a monarchy, is such that the ties of political union could not be drawn so closely as to produce that stability and strength sufficient to form an efficient government. This union between democrats of a republic and wealthy aristocratic subjects of a monarchy could not be formed without reserving to themselves the right of allegiance to their respective governments. Political jealousy and strong party feeling have tended to thwart and render impotent the acts of a government, from its very nature weak and insufficient.
Executive branch
With the first set of laws, the people created a three-person Executive Committee to act as an executive. The Second Executive Committee was elected on May 14, 1844, and served until June 12, 1845. A December 1844 amendment of the Organic Laws eliminated the Executive Committee in favor of a single governor, taking effect in June 1845. At that time George Abernethy was elected as the first governor. Abernethy would be the only governor under the Provisional Government. He was reelected in 1847, and served until 1849.
Legislative branch
The Provisional Legislature held session mainly in Oregon City. They met at different times each year, and in 1848 they did not meet; too many members had left for the California gold fields. The legislature enacted various laws, sent memorials to Congress, incorporated towns and organizations, and granted divorces and licenses to run ferries. After the establishment of the Oregon Territory, the legislature was replaced with the two house Oregon Territorial Legislature.
Judicial branch
The Provisional Government also included a judiciary. The forerunner of the Oregon Supreme Court consisted of a single Supreme Judge and two justices of the peace. The Supreme Judge was elected by the people, but the legislature could select someone as presiding judge as a replacement if needed. This Supreme Court had original and appellate jurisdiction over legal matters, whereas the lower probate court and justice courts that were also created could only hear original jurisdictional matters when the amount in controversy was less than $50 and did not involve land disputes. Some judges under the Provisional Government were Nathaniel Ford, Peter H. Burnett, Osborne Russell, Ira L. Babcock, and future United States Senator James W. Nesmith.
Districts
During its existence the Provisional Government's authority was restricted to the pioneer settlements, generally located in or around the Willamette Valley. The entire Oregon Country was decreed to be covered by four administrative divisions. Initially created on July 5, 1843, were the Twality, Yamhill, Clackamas and Champooick (later Champoeg) districts. Yamhill district claimed the lands west of the Willamette River and a line extending from its course, and south of the Yamhill River. Champooick District was adjacent to the east, its northern border the confluence of the Pudding and Molalla Rivers. Twality District was directly north of Yamhill District, its eastern border extending from the mouth of the Willamette River. Clackamas District was to contain "all the territory" that was not decreed a part of the other three districts, located east of Twality District and north of Champooick District. The extent of land claimed north was vague, being "south of the northern boundary of the United States". Despite this the government was defined to extend over all the lands east to the Rocky Mountains and north of the Mexican territory of Alta California.
Throughout 1843 and 1844, no attempts were made at controlling lands north of the Columbia River, then under the influence of the Hudson's Bay Company through
Fort Vancouver. In June 1844 the Columbia River was declared as the northern border of the Provisional Government, but by December the most expansive American claim in the Oregon boundary dispute of Parallel 54°40′ north was adopted. On December 22, 1845 districts were renamed to counties. Additional districts were created over time from the original four, including the Clatsop, Vancouver, Linn, Clark, Polk, Benton counties.
Other
Other government positions included Recorder, Treasurer, Attorney, and Sheriff. The recorder position would later become the position of Secretary of State.
Laws
With the formation of the Provisional Government, a committee of nine individuals were elected to frame the laws of the government. This Legislative Committee consisted of David Hill, Robert Shortess, Alanson Beers, William H. Gray, James A. O'Neil, Robert Newell, Thomas J. Hubbard, William Dougherty, and Robert Moore who was elected as the chairman of the committee. Each member was to be paid $1.25 per day for their services with the first meeting held May 15, 1843. On July 4 a new gathering began at Champoeg with speeches for and against the proposals of the committee. Then on July 5, 1843 the Organic Laws of Oregon are adopted by popular vote after being recommended by the Legislative Committee, with the laws modeled after Iowa's Organic Law and the Ordinance of 1787, creating the de facto first Oregon constitution. Scholars and historians have appraised the First Organic Laws as being "very crude and unsatisfactory", not allowing for an effective government body to function.
Over the course of nearly six years under the provisional government, the settlers passed numerous laws. One law allowed people to claim if they improved the land, which would be solidified later by Congress' adoption of the Donation Land Claim Act. Another law allowed the government to organize a militia and call them out by order of the Executive or Legislature. Under the first Organic Laws of 1843 inhabitants were guaranteed due process of law and a right to a trial by jury. Some other rights established were: no cruel and unusual punishment, no unreasonable bails for defendants, and no takings of property without compensation.
Following the Cockstock Incident in 1844, the legislature decreed that African Americans could not reside in the Oregon Country, only David Hill and Asa Lovejoy voting against the bill. The punishment for any freemen was to be administered every six months of their residency being "not less than twenty nor more than thirty-nine stripes". The law was never actually enforced and was struck down in July 1845. However, in 1849 the legislature passed a new law once again prohibiting African Americans in the territory, but differed from the original 1844 law in that it applied to African Americans entering after it was passed, and it used different means to enforce it. Despite facing legal discrimination that denied them suffrage and threatened violence, black pioneers remained in Oregon. While the USS Shark was in the region in 1846, its commanding officer estimated there were around 30 black settlers.
In 1844, the legislature passed a law banning the sale of ardent spirits, out of concern that the Native Americans would become hostile if intoxicated.
Finances
Prior to the creation of the Provisional Government, the economic activities by in the Oregon European descendants Country were focused on the fur trade. A system called "wheat credit" was established in the 1830s for French-Canadian settlers on the French Prairie. The farmers would take their harvests to a granary in Champoeg, where a receipt for its market value was given, valid for use at HBC stores. Another item used for transactions by French-Canadian and later American pioneers were beaver skins.
The first Organic Laws only authorised voluntary donations, a measure deemed a "utopian scheme", and provided scant funds. A tax on real estate and personal property was created in 1844, that covered a third of that year's expenses. The next year the property tax was doubled to .0025% and a 50¢ poll tax was levied as well, with failure to pay resulting in disenfranchisement. Sheriffs acted as tax collectors, but their position was made difficult due to the poverty or unwillingness of many colonists to pay what was owed. Taxes were paid in wheat and gathered at appointed locations for the district, largely HBC warehouses.
A small amount of silver coins from Peru and Mexico freely circulated as legal tender. Minor financial agreements were completed in lieu of currency with assorted agricultural products, such as "wheat, hides, tallow, beef, pork, butter, lard, peas, lumber and other articles of export of the territory" One pioneer recalled the lack of currency, receiving at most 25¢ in transactions between 1844 and 1848. To overcome the lack of circulating coins, Abernethy gathered scraps of flint left over from arrowhead production by local indigenous. After attaching scraps of paper to them, the amount owed by Abernethy was written on one and given to customers, transferable for other supplies at his store. Coins remained a prized item by settlers for example, during a sale of lots in Oregon City a property manager offered a discount of 50% if paid in specie.
A traveler who visited Oregon before the arrival of American merchants reported that HBC stores sold goods at rates lower than in the United States. As merchants from the United States became established in the region, they chaffed under the economic hegemony of the HBC. The vendors pressed for the HBC to charge more for sales to pioneers, which the company did for two years, only for American customers. Joel Palmer reported that without the British company "the prices would be double what they are now".
The small American merchant class and officers of the HBC loaned settlers more credit than most could refund. Fears of creditors demanding restitution from the farmers lead to wheat receipts and scrips issued by the government declared valid currency in 1845. The law decreeing wheat as currency was ridiculed for not establishing financial standards for the merchants, who were de facto bankers. Between 1847 and 1848 the local market for wheat became flooded from overproduction, causing a decline in its value. The legislature repealed previous regulations on December 20, 1847, making only gold, silver and treasury drafts on valid currency. Thus, the creditors of the territory were able to protect their financial standing by removing wheat as tender.
Around $8,000 from the poll and property taxes were collected over the course of the government, far short of the expenses amounting to $23,000.
California
After the Conquest of California during the ongoing Mexican–American War, American settlers began to move to the newly seized land. This created a demand for Oregonian wheat; proceeds from the sale of barrels of flour amounted to $10 per keg in 1847. The start of the Gold Rush caused an immense rise in demand for various products in Californian markets. Economic transactions with the pioneer settlements of Oregon increased greatly, with the number of visiting vessels in 1849 was triple that of the previous eight years. Between 1848 and 1851 Oregon lumber and wheat sent to the new markets fetched rates two to three times higher than in 1847. Significant amounts of gold dust began to circulate in the Willamette Valley, though impurities were common. The Oregon Exchange Company was authorized by the legislature to begin producing Beaver Coins in early 1849, though production began on March 10, a week after the dissolution of the Provisional Government.
Settlement with the Hudson's Bay Company
The mounting debts of the government, though it could "scarcely hope" to force the HBC company posts to adhere to its authority, made establishing an agreement with the HBC a priority. An employee of the company, Francis Ermatinger, was elected to the position of Treasurer in July after carrying the French-Canadian vote. In August Applegate inquired to Chief Factor John McLoughlin if the HBC would pay taxes and join the Provisional Government. At the same time a member of the legislature, David Hill, tabled a bill on August 15 that would deny any HBC employees citizenship or suffrage. The measure failed to pass, but demonstrated the feelings of the "Ultra-Americans" towards the company.
While Applegate and McLoughlin held a conference, plans for the administration of the territory above the Columbia River, to be named Vancouver, were begun. The Chief Factor found the Provisional Government a satisfactory way to pursue the debts owed to the HBC by settlers, and protect company property against claim jumpers. Additionally he felt if the government were to openly declare independence from outside powers he could "be elected head were I to retire among them". The negotiations ended with the condition that only sales with settlers would be taxed. Taxes paid to the Provisional Government by the HBC and the Puget Sound Agricultural Company amounted to $226 that year. Several more employees of the HBC were then included in the government. Chief Trader James Douglas was appointed as a justice for Vancouver after the signing of the agreement and in 1846 he and fellow employee Henry Peers were elected to the legislature. If there were any sessions of the Vancouver court, none of the records or correspondence remain. Claims were filed by British subjects covering the HBC forts of Vancouver, Cowlitz, and Nisqually. Vancouver in particular was covered by 18 claims.
British reaction to the agreement was generally negative. It was seen as unneeded by William Peel, son of Prime Minister Peel, who arrived with small flotilla several days after its signing. Mervin Vavasour was in the Oregon Country gathering intelligence about the defensive capabilities of the HBC posts and voiced the minority view that the compact was to the benefit of "peace and prosperity of the community at large".
Militia
The organic laws laid out plans for a militia of a battalion of mounted riflemen commanded by an officer with the rank of major, with annual inspections. Every male settler between 16 and 60 who wanted to be "considered a citizen" had to be a part of the military; failure to do so would incur fines. (This remains so under modern Oregon law, though now both sexes are included, and the age range is only 18 to 45.) Under the first Organic Laws, power to call out the militia was vested in the Executive Committee, though any officer of the militia could also call them out in times of insurrection or invasion.
Cayuse War
In December 1847, after learning of the Whitman Massacre from HBC Chief Factor James Douglas, Governor Abernethy and the legislature met to discuss the situation. Major Henry A. G. Lee was placed in charge of a company called the Oregon Rifles on December 8 and was ordered to The Dalles. At that location the force established Fort Lee on December 21. An additional force of 500 men was to meet in Oregon City by December 25. This group prosecuted the war east of the Cascades under the command of Cornelius Gilliam.
The war continued until five Cayuse emissaries, which according to Archbishop François Norbert Blanchet, were sent to "have a talk with the whites and explain all about the murderers, ten in number, who were no more, and had been killed by the whites, the Cayuses and were all dead." However, the Cayuse party was imprisoned and transported to Oregon City. When the group was asked why they offered themselves to the militia, Tiloukaikt stated "Did not your missionaries teach us that Christ died to save his people? So die we to save our people." At a military court Tiloukait and the four other Cayuses, Tomahas, Klokamas, Isaiachalkis, and Kimasumpkinhese, were found guilty and hanged on June 3, 1850, at Oregon City.
Subsequent history
Signed on June 15, 1846, the Oregon Treaty ended the dispute between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the United States, by dividing the Oregon Country at the 49th parallel. This extended U.S. sovereignty over the region, but effective control would not occur until government officials arrived from the United States. Two years later, on August 14, 1848, the United States Congress created the Oregon Territory; this territory included today's states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and parts of Montana and Wyoming. Appointed Governor of the Oregon Territory by President Polk, Joseph Lane arrived at Oregon City on March 2, 1849.
Governor Lane kept the legal code of the dissolved provisional government, apart from immediately repealing the law authorizing the minting of the Beaver Coins, as this was incompatible with the United States Constitution (Article I, Section 8). The creation of the Washington Territory in 1854 removed the northern half of the Oregon Territory. Established on February 14, 1859, the State of Oregon was composed of roughly the western half of the territory, the remaining eastern section being added to the Washington Territory.
See also
Columbia District
Historic regions of the United States
Judges of the Provisional Government
History of Oregon
History of Washington
History of Idaho
History of Montana
History of Wyoming
Methodist Mission
Oregon pioneer history
Footnotes
Further reading
Hubert Howe Bancroft, History of Oregon: Volume 1, 1834-1848. San Francisco, CA: The History Company, 1886.
J. Henry Brown, Brown's Political History of Oregon: Provisional Government: Treaties, Conventions, and Diplomatic Correspondence on the Boundary Question; Historical Introduction of the Explorations on the Pacific Coast; History of the Provisional Government from Year to Year, with Election Returns and Official Reports; History of the Cayuse War, with Original Documents. Portland, OR: Wiley B. Allen, 1892.
John T. Condon, "The Oregon Laws of 1845," Washington Historical Quarterly, vol. 12, no. 4 (Oct. 1921), pp. 279–282. In JSTOR
George H. Himes, "Organizers of the First Government in Oregon," Washington Historical Quarterly, vol. 6, no. 3 (July 1915), pp. 162–167. In JSTOR
Frederick V. Holman, "A Brief History of the Oregon Provisional Government and What Caused Its Formation," Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society, vol. 13, no. 2 (June 1912), pp. 89–139. In JSTOR (Free)
Mirth Tufts Kaplan, "Courts, Counselors and Cases: The Judiciary of Oregon's Provisional Government," Oregon Historical Quarterly, vol. 62, no. 2 (June 1961), pp. 117–163. In JSTOR
Robert J. Loewenberg, "Creating a Provisional Government in Oregon: A Revision," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 68, no. 1 (Jan. 1977), pp. 13–24. In JSTOR
Kent D. Richards, "The Methodists and the Formation of the Oregon Provisional Government," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 61, no. 2 (April 1970), pp. 87–93. In JSTOR
H. W. Scott, "The Formation and Administration of the Provisional Government of Oregon," Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society, vol. 2, no. 2 (June 1901), pp. 95–118. In JSTOR (Free)
Leslie M. Scott, "Oregon's Provisional Government, 1843-49," Oregon Historical Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 3 (Sept. 1929), pp. 207–217. In JSTOR
J. Quinn Thornton, "History of the Provisional Government of Oregon," from Constitution and Quotations from the Register of the Oregon Pioneer Association, Together with the Annual Address of Hon. S.F. Chadwick, Remarks of Gov. L.F. Grover, at Reunion, June 1874, and Other Matters of Interest. Salem, OR: E.M. Waite, 1875; pp. 43–96.
External links
Oregon Secretary of State: Historical County Offices and Duties
1849 disestablishments in the United States
States and territories established in 1843
States and territories disestablished in 1849
1843 establishments in Oregon Country
Oregon
Former regions and territories of the United States |
55138029 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nenjam%20Marappathillai%20%28TV%20series%29 | Nenjam Marappathillai (TV series) | Nenjam Marappathillai () is a 2017 Tamil-language soap opera starring Sharanya Turadi and Amit Bhargav. Its main plot has been taken from the Bengali language love series Kusum Dola and with different story and screenplay by Rasool. It was aired from 9 October 2017 on Vijay TV and replaced the serial Mappillai. This serial is a love story about Saranya (Sharanya Turadi) and Vikram (Amit Bhargav) whose lives got changed after certain incident. This TV series has ended on 22 February 2019 as Amit Bhargav left the serial. It has been replaced with the new serial Barathi Kannamma.
Plot
Saranya, the small town, good-hearted daughter of a police officer lives in Kodaikanal. She is a new MBBS graduate and is planning to do post-graduation in Surgery in Chennai. She is loved by everyone in her town.
Vikram is an aspiring IPS officer from a joint family where people have different thoughts. On a trip Vikram meets Sathya and both develop feelings for each other but they can not express their feelings. Vikram gets posted to Kodaikanal, but accidentally he loses his phone and cannot contact Sathya, making her feel cheated. Soon, she gets engaged to Vikram's brother, Arjun. Vikram, despite knowing this, refuses to break their marriage and gave promise that he never love any women. After the marriage, Arjun learns of their story and leaves the house, without telling the truth to anyone.
Due to circumstances, Saranya loses her father in a botched police operation to catch a thug, who wanted to forcefully wed Saranya. Saranya feels that IPS officer Vikram is one of the reasons for her father's death, as Vikram inadvertently brought him to the field. Orphan Saranya tries to commit suicide after that. Her villagers force Vikram to marry her and take responsibility in fulfilling her future, so Saranya marries him. But they don't accept each other as husband and wife. On confronting them, Sathya feels cheated and betrayed by Vikram.
The story revolves around Saranya's life in Vikram's joint family, with varied members. They start loving each other. Then they get married again. Later Vikram's enemies try to get Saranya aborted, but she escapes from all the problems. Then there is a seemantham for Saranaya. At last, the season ends.
Cast
Main
Sharanya Turadi as Dr. Saranya Vikram: Velraj's daughter; Vikram's wife.
Amit Bhargav as ACP Vikram Sivakumar: Sivakumar and Jaya's elder son; Arjun's brother; Priya, Arun and Dileepan's cousin; Sathya's ex-lover; Saranya's husband.
Nisha Krishnan / Sowmya Rao Nadig as Sathya Arjun: Vikram's ex-lover; Arjun's wife.
Recurring
Ashwanth Thilak as Arjun Sivakumar: Sivakumar and Jaya's younger son; Vikram's brother; Priya, Arun and Dileepan's cousin; Sathya's husband.
Anuradha as Akhilandeshwari: Priya's mother; Vikram, Arjun, Arun and Dileepan's aunt
Afsar Babu as Sivakumar: Sridevi and Bhagyalaxmi's brother; Jaya's husband; Vikram and Arjun's father
J. Lalitha as Jaya Sivakumar: Sivakumar's wife; Vikram and Arjun's mother
Asha Rani as Bhagyalaxmi Balachandran: Sridevi and Sivakumar's sister; Balachandran's wife; Arun's mother
Murali Kumar as Dr. Balachandran: Bhagyalaxmi's husband; Arun's father; Saranya's Medical College Dean
Dharini as Sridevi: Sivakumar and Bhagyalaxmi's sister
Sri Durga as Priya Meenakshi: Akhilandeshwari's daughter; Vikram, Arjun, Arun and Dileepan's cousin; Meenakshi's wife
Dev Anand as Meenakshi Sundaram: Priya's husband
KL Mani as Arun Balachandran: Bhagyalaxmi and Balachandran's son; Vikram, Arjun, Priya and Dileepan's cousin
Praveen/Aravish as Dileepan: Vikram, Arjun, Priya and Arun's cousin; Pavithra's husband
Preethi Kumar as Pavithra Dileepan, Dileepan's wife
Sumathi Sri as Bhanumathy: Saranya's foster mother
Franklin as Dileepan's father
Kumaresan as Sathya's father
Babitha as Sathya's mother
Former
Nisha Ganesh as Sathya (episodes 1–120), replaced by Sowmya Rao Nadig on further episodes
L. Raja as Inspector R. Velraj, Saranya's father
Shyam as Santhosh, Saranya's classmate and friend
Feroz Khan as Engine Bhaskar, a local goon and terrorist, obsessed with Saranya and with a grudge on Vikram
Nesan as Mahesh (Thalaivar), a cruel politician and Bhaskar's brother
Fouzil Hidhayah as Madhavi, Mahesh and Bhaskar's sister, who was in love with Vikram
Meenakshi as Pavun Mahesh, Thalaivar's wife
"Murattu Pandian" Baboos as Auto Arnold
Special appearances
KPY Ramar as himself
Abhinayashree as herself
Radhika Rao as Dhivya, to promote her new show Ponnukku Thanga Manasu
Production
Casting
Amit Bhargav was chosen due to his amazing performance in Kalyanam Mudhal Kadhal Varai. Priya Bhavani Shankar was chosen to play one of the female leads but she declined. News Anchor Sharanya Turadi Sundaraj later chosen, is making their debut with the series. Nisha Krishnan was chosen as well after her great performances in many shows on Vijay TV.later that role acted by Sowmya Rao Nadig Later Sowmya was replaced role of Sathya in Episode: 122, formerly featured in the series Valli. Anuradha was cast to portray the negative role of Akhilandeshwari. Other supporting cast include Ashwanth Thilak, Sri Durga and J. Lalitha.
Development
On 27 August 2017, the first promo of the show one minute 'Song' was released by Vijay TV on YouTube. On 21 May 2017, the second, On 3 September 2017 promo of the show was released by Vijay TV.
Awards and nominations
Adaptations
References
External links
official website at Hotstar
Star Vijay original programming
Tamil-language romance television series
2017 Tamil-language television series debuts
Tamil-language television shows
Tamil-language television series based on Bengali-languages television series
2019 Tamil-language television series endings |
38993691 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking%20Timebombs%20%28album%29 | Walking Timebombs (album) | Walking Timebombs is the eponymously titled debut album of Walking Timebombs, released on August 26, 1997 through Charnel Music.
Track listing
Personnel
Scott Ayers – tape, production, engineering, recording
Frank Garymartin – drums
Tim Thomson – cover art
References
1997 debut albums
Charnel Music albums
Walking Timebombs albums
Albums produced by Scott Ayers |
57073898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooklyn%20No.%204%20Fire%20House | Brooklyn No. 4 Fire House | The Brooklyn No. 4 Fire House is located in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.
History
The fire house was designed by William Waters and built in 1868, after major fires in 1859 and 1866. By the time it closed in 1946, #4 spanned the transitions from volunteer firemen to professionals, from mobile pumps to hose wagons, and from horses to motorized trucks.
Later, the building housed a sign company for a time. It was added to the State Register of Historic Places in 1995 and to the National Register of Historic Places the following year.
References
Fire stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin
National Register of Historic Places in Winnebago County, Wisconsin
Buildings and structures in Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Italianate architecture in Wisconsin
Brick buildings and structures
Buildings and structures completed in 1868 |
1260464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angus%20L.%20Macdonald%20Bridge | Angus L. Macdonald Bridge | The Angus L. Macdonald Bridge is a suspension bridge crossing Halifax Harbour in Nova Scotia, Canada; it opened on April 2, 1955.
The bridge is one of two suspension bridges linking the Halifax Peninsula to Dartmouth in the Halifax Regional Municipality.
It is named after the former premier of Nova Scotia, Angus L. Macdonald, who had died in 1954 and had been instrumental in having the bridge built. The bridge was designed by Philip Louis Pratley, one of Canada's foremost long-span bridge designers who had also been responsible for the Lions Gate Bridge in Vancouver. The bridges have a similar design, which is most notable in the towers. The contractor was Dominion Bridge Company Ltd.
The bridge regularly experiences traffic congestion during rush hours as a result of the structure's proximity to the downtown cores of Halifax and Dartmouth, as well as its narrow width. Large commercial vehicles are not permitted to cross and must use the wider MacKay Bridge to the northwest. Public transit buses are allowed to cross and the bridge links several Halifax Transit routes. In 2014/15 the average number of vehicle crossings per month was 1,183,095.
As of January 3, 2022 the toll charge to cross for regular passenger vehicles is $1.25 cash or $1.00 with the MACPASS electronic toll system. The original toll, when the Macdonald opened in 1955, was 40 cents plus 5 cents per passenger. There was also a separate toll for trucks, cyclists, pedestrians, motorcycles and horses/rider.
History
Construction of the bridge took place between 1952 and 1955. Caissons were used for underwater work. Five workers died falling from catwalks during construction. The bridge opened on April 2, 1955, and originally cost $11.5 million.
1999 modernization
A modernization project was undertaken in the late 1990s and completed in 1999 which saw the original two lanes and one sidewalk and utility corridor expanded to three lanes, with the centre lane being reversible to assist with traffic flow during peak periods.
To reduce the weight of the roadway, asphalt and concrete were removed and special steel plating (an orthotropic deck) was used in its place. This deck is 35% lighter than the old one. New pedestrian and bicycle lanes were attached to the outside of the structure to replace the original sidewalks.
External aesthetic lights were added during the modernisation project which saw the bridge's towers lit for the first time on a continuous basis every evening from sunset until midnight. Critics derided the effort as a waste of electricity, given Halifax Harbour's frequent foggy weather conditions. The lighting was estimated by the bridge authority to cost in excess of $50,000 a year in 1999.
Safety barriers
The Angus L. Macdonald Bridge has attracted media attention as the spot where well known environmental activist Tooker Gomberg is believed to have committed suicide on March 3, 2004.
In June 2004 the Department of National Defence filed a lawsuit against the Bridge Commission alleging that snow, ice, bottles and other debris rained down on HMC Dockyard below, endangering staff. The DND first sought $527,000 in damages for its efforts to protect employees, an amount that was later increased to $1.04 million. The lawsuit claimed that the issue had been exacerbated when chain link fencing on the bridge had been removed during the 1999 modernization. In July 2007, as part of the settlement, barriers were installed along 22% of the pedestrian lane at the bridge's western end (Halifax abutment) to prevent suicide attempts and protect navy staff below.
Initially, the Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission was concerned that the structure was not capable of handling the additional weight of installing safety barriers along the entire span of the bridge. Subsequent computer modeling eliminated the previous concerns, and on May 13, 2009 the general manager and CEO of the Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission, Steve Snider, announced that a tender for the long-called for extension of the barriers along the full length of the bridge would be issued in June 2009. By March 2010, the remaining sections of the safety barrier had been installed. The bridge now has safety barriers installed along 100% of its pedestrian walkways.
2015 "Big Lift" project
Beginning in 2015 another major renovation of the bridge started which saw the temporary removal of the pedway and bike lanes. At a cost of $150 million, every piece of steel that makes up the suspended spans, except the towers and two main cables, were replaced; the non-suspended approach spans remained. New vertical cables were required due to the relocation of the stiffening trusses from above deck level to below deck level. Construction mostly occurred overnight with the bridge open to traffic during the day, but many full-weekend closures were necessary. The replacement portion of the project was completed in February 2017.
After the Lion's Gate Bridge, this was only the second time that a suspension bridge had its suspended spans completely replaced while continuing to allow regular traffic flow during the daytime. Principal engineering work for the project was done by the same firm that managed the work on the Lion's Gate Bridge.
During the Big Lift project Halifax Transit continued to run its regularly scheduled conventional bus service across the Macdonald bridge, except during times when the bridge was closed. During scheduled closures, Halifax Transit operated a shuttle service using the MacKay Bridge.
Halifax Harbour Bridges also operated a free, 24-hour-a-day shuttle service during construction to accommodate the bridge's pedestrian and bicycle users. It operated on a load-and-go basis during the weekday morning and afternoon rush hours, and on a 30-minute schedule at all other times of the day and overnight.
See also
A. Murray MacKay Bridge – A newer suspension bridge crossing Halifax Harbour.
Halifax Harbour Bridges
List of bridges in Canada
Notes
Further reading
External links
Halifax-Dartmouth Bridge Commission information
Cherubini Group construction photos including deck fabrication and replacement
Road bridges in Nova Scotia
Buildings and structures in Halifax, Nova Scotia
Transport in Halifax, Nova Scotia
Suspension bridges in Canada
Bridges completed in 1955
Toll bridges in Canada
Roads with a reversible lane
Bike paths in Nova Scotia
1955 establishments in Nova Scotia |
39103038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20Sarasota%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Singles | 2013 Sarasota Open – Singles | Sam Querrey was the defending champion, but chose not to compete.
Alex Kuznetsov defeated Wayne Odesnik 6–0, 6–2 in the final to win the title.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
References
Main draw
Qualifying draw
2013 ATP Challenger Tour
2013 Singles |
28965499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothabari%20Assembly%20constituency | Mothabari Assembly constituency | Mothabari Assembly constituency is an assembly constituency in Malda district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Overview
As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, No. 52 Mothabari Assembly constituency covers Kaliachak II community development block, and Alinagar and Kaliachak I gram panchayats of Kaliachak I community development block.
Mothabari Assembly constituency is part of No. 8 Maldaha Dakshin (Lok Sabha constituency).
Members of the Legislative Assembly
Election results
2021
In the 2021 election, Sabina Yasmin of Trinamool Congress defeated her nearest rival, Shyam Chand Ghosh of BJP.
2016
In the 2016 election, Sabina Yasmin of Congress defeated her nearest rival, Md. Najrul Islam of Trinamool Congress.
2011
In the 2011 election, Sabina Yasmin of Congress defeated her nearest rival Naimuddin Sheikh of CPI(M).
The Independent candidate, Shehnaz Quadery, was a rebel candidate from the family of A. B. A. Ghani Khan Choudhury. Although her name was proposed by the local Congress, she was refused a ticket by the Congress high command.
References
Assembly constituencies of West Bengal
Politics of Malda district
2011 establishments in West Bengal
Constituencies established in 2011 |
1191631 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20Thomas%20%28VC%29 | Jacob Thomas (VC) | Jacob Thomas VC (February 1833 – 3 March 1911) was a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Details
Thomas was about 24 years old, and a bombardier in the Bengal Artillery, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 27 September 1857 at the Siege of Lucknow, British India for which he was awarded the VC:
Further information
He later achieved the rank of quartermaster-sergeant. He was born in Llanwinio near Carmarthen and died near Darjeeling aged 77.
The medal
His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Artillery Museum, Woolwich, England.
References
Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)
1833 births
1911 deaths
British recipients of the Victoria Cross
Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross
People from Carmarthenshire
Bengal Artillery soldiers
Welsh recipients of the Victoria Cross
Military personnel from Carmarthenshire
Burials in India |
23049714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Radulescu | Michael Radulescu | Michael Radulescu (born 19 June 1943) is a Romanian-German composer, organist, and professor.
He was born to a Romanian father and a German mother. He studied with Anton Heiller and Hans Swarowsky at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna, Austria.
References
University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna alumni
1943 births
Living people
Romanian expatriates in Austria |
2733221 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uckington%2C%20Gloucestershire | Uckington, Gloucestershire | Uckington is a village west of Cheltenham in Gloucestershire.
The population of the parish taken at the 2011 census was 605.
Not having a church, Uckington was formerly a hamlet in the parish of Elmstone-Hardwicke but is now a civil parish in its own right. The two villages share a village hall.
Uckington is in the borough of Tewkesbury, the Cheltenham post town, and on the Coombe Hill, Cheltenham, telephone exchange.
Nearby villages include Elmstone-Hardwicke and Boddington.
References
Villages in Gloucestershire
Borough of Tewkesbury |
56162350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBSCETT | NBSCETT | The New Brunswick Society of Certified Engineering Technicians and Technologists or NBSCETT is New Brunswick's independent certifying body for engineering/applied science technicians and technologists. NBSCETT was established in 1968. It confers the designations "C.Tech" and "P. Tech" which are symbols of achievement in engineering/applied science technology and are legally protected for use only by fully certified members. The designations are recognized across Canada by many employers and other engineering professionals through the efforts of provincial associations that make up the Canadian Council of Technicians and Technologists (CCTT). Though CCTT being a signatory, NBSCETT recognizes international transferability through the Sydney Accord, the Dublin Accord and the Engineering Technologist Mobility Forum, which confers the ability to award the designation IntET (Canada) for Technologists who wish to work internationally.
See also
Engineering technologist
Engineering technician
External links
NBSCETT official website
Professional associations based in Canada |
39700748 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saland%20railway%20station | Saland railway station | Saland railway station is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zürich. The station is situated in the municipality of Bauma and takes its name from the nearby village of Saland. It is located on the Tösstalbahn between Winterthur and Rapperswil, and is served by Zürich S-Bahn line S26.
References
External links
Railway stations in the canton of Zürich
Swiss Federal Railways stations |
19353080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/101.3%20FM | 101.3 FM | The following radio stations broadcast on FM frequency 101.3 MHz:
Argentina
Radio Hollywood in Rosario, Santa Fe
LRI400 in Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe
Australia
2CFM in Gosford, New South Wales
3WPR in Wangaratta, Victoria
3WWM in Horsham, Victoria
TOTE Sport Radio in Devonport, Tasmania
101.3 FM Noosa Community Radio in Noosa, Sunshine Coast Queensland
Belize
Lighthouse Radio at San Pedro Town
Canada (Channel 267)
CBRR-FM in Cranbrook, British Columbia
CBWA-FM in Manigotagan, Manitoba
CHEQ-FM in Sainte-Marie, Quebec
CIFM-FM-4 in Clinton, British Columbia
CIME-FM-2 in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec
CJAI-FM in Stella, Ontario
CJCH-FM in Halifax, Nova Scotia
CJEG-FM in Bonnyville, Alberta
CJNK-FM-1 in Algonquin Park, Ontario
CJNK-FM-2 in Algonquin Park, Ontario
CJSA-FM in Toronto, Ontario
CJSK-FM in Campement Sarcelle, Quebec
CKII-FM in Dolbeau/Mistassini, Quebec
CKIK-FM in Red Deer, Alberta
CKKN-FM in Prince George, British Columbia
CKOT-FM in Tillsonburg, Ontario
CKUN-FM in Christian Island, Ontario
CKXG-FM-1 in Lewisporte, Newfoundland and Labrador
VF2150 in Labrador City, Newfoundland and Labrador
VF2545 in Powell River, British Columbia
Germany
Klassik Radio in Berlin
Antenne 1 in Stuttgart
India
FM Rainbow 101.3 in Bengaluru, Karnataka and its surrounding regions run by All India Radio
Malaysia
Kool 101 in Klang Valley
Era in Miri, Sarawak
Ai FM in Kedah, Perlis and Penang
Wai FM in Kuching, Sarawak
Mexico
XHAPS-FM in Agua Prieta, Sonora
XHAW-FM in Monterrey, Nuevo León
XHAWD-FM in San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
XHBN-FM in Ciudad Delicias, Chihuahua
XHCAV-FM in Durango, Durango
XHFX-FM in Guaymas, Sonora
XHIW-FM in Uruapan, Michoacán
XHMAB-FM in Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche
XHMSL-FM in Los Mochis, Sinaloa
XHPORO-FM in Concepción del Oro, Zacatecas
XHPTUX-FM in San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec, Oaxaca
XHSCCH-FM in Calvillo, Aguascalientes
XHSCDL-FM in Juchitán, Oaxaca
XHTAN-FM in Huayacocotla, Veracruz
XHTQ-FM in Ixhuatlancillo, Veracruz
XHVP-FM in Atlixco, Puebla
XHZA-FM in Toluca, Estado de México
United States (Channel 267)
KARV-FM in Ola, Arkansas
in Idyllwild, California
KBNF-LP in Ruston, Louisiana
KDPX in Pine Bluff, Arkansas
in Richfield, Minnesota
KERW in Los Osos-Baywood Par, California
in Wichita, Kansas
KFEZ in Walsenburg, Colorado
in Pasco, Washington
in Anchorage, Alaska
KHNZ in Lefors, Texas
in Forsyth, Montana
KIOI in San Francisco, California
in Durango, Colorado
KJSO-LP in Omaha, Nebraska
KKEE in Centerville, Texas
in Sulphur, Louisiana
in Whiting, Iowa
KLAW in Lawton, Oklahoma
in Westport, Washington
in Falls City, Nebraska
KMCO in Wilburton, Oklahoma
KMMZ in Crane, Texas
in Sinton, Texas
KOBT-LP in Grand Forks, North Dakota
KOWI in Oatman, Arizona
KOXE in Brownwood, Texas
KOZY-FM in Bridgeport, Nebraska
KPCG-LP in Edmond, Oklahoma
KRGR-LP in Paradise, California
in Fallon, Nevada
in Chinook, Montana
KSIB-FM in Creston, Iowa
KTGC-LP in Saint Regis, Montana
KTZE-LP in Kountze, Texas
KUKE-LP in Kula, Hawaii
KUUL in East Moline, Illinois
KWIE in Hinkley, California
KWTO-FM in Buffalo, Missouri
KXNB-LP in Omaha, Nebraska
KYLZ in Albuquerque, New Mexico
in Dothan, Alabama
in Smiths, Alabama
in Manchester, Ohio
WBAA-FM in West Lafayette, Indiana
in Vicksburg, Mississippi
in Grand Rapids, Michigan
in Buckhannon, West Virginia
in Boonville, New York
WCHK-FM in Milford, Delaware
in South Fulton, Tennessee
WCPV in Essex, New York
WDRO-LP in Monticello, Mississippi
WECO-FM in Wartburg, Tennessee
WEVI in Frederiksted, Virgin Islands
WFAQ-LP in Mukwonago, Wisconsin
in Richmond, Indiana
in Scranton, Pennsylvania
WHIW-LP in Harvard, Illinois
in Port Saint Lucie, Florida
WIHE-LP in Liberty, Kentucky
WIUK-LP in Iuka, Mississippi
WJDQ in Meridian, Mississippi
WJJD-LP in Kokomo, Indiana
WJKE in Stillwater, New York
in Hamden, Connecticut
WKFT in Strattanville, Pennsylvania
WKJJ-LP in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
WLVN in Grenada, Mississippi
WMCI in Mattoon, Illinois
WMJM in Jeffersontown, Kentucky
in Sturgis, Kentucky
WNCO-FM in Ashland, Ohio
WNHE-LP in New Haven, Indiana
WOHP-LP in Huntsville, Ohio
WOPC in Linden, Tennessee
WPJQ-LP in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
WPVR-LP in Mount Airy, North Carolina
in Chauncey, Georgia
WQMR-LP in Rocky Mount, Virginia
WRKD-LP in Rockford, Ohio
in Rochester, New York
in Lancaster, Pennsylvania
in Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan
in Williston, Florida
WTOA-LP in Albany, Georgia
WVAI-LP in Charlottesville, Virginia
in Virginia, Illinois
WVQM in Augusta, Maine
in Hampton, Virginia
in Sumter, South Carolina
in Wilmington, North Carolina
in Farmville, Virginia
in Haverhill, New Hampshire
in Narrows, Virginia
References
Lists of radio stations by frequency |
74487074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarati%E2%80%93Portuguese%20conflicts | Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts | Gujarati-Portuguese conflicts refers to the armed engagements between the Portuguese Empire and the Sultanate of Gujarat, in India, that took place from 1508 until Gujarat was annexed by the Mughal Empire in 1573.
Context
When Vasco da Gama made landfall in India in 1498, the Sultanate of Gujarat was one of the main commercial and maritime powers of India and the Indian Ocean. The region marketed various textiles, indigo, sugar and other commodities which were in high demand in Asia and Europe. The geography of central and southern Gujarat was particularly well suited for the production of valuable cash-crops like cotton and indigo.
A large number of Gujarati merchants lived in east-Africa in Malindi but also in Mombasa which was hostile to the Portuguese. It was the influence of powerful Gujarati merchant elites that caused sultan Mahmud Shah of Malacca in the Malay peninsula to turn on the Portuguese when they reached that city in 1509. Malacca was the chief center of Gujarati trade overseas, 1000 merchants settled there in the fifteenth century and about 4000 to 5000 visited the city yearly to trade. They were compared to Venetians and Genoese for their skill in trade and navigation.
The Portuguese diplomat and apothecary Tomé Pires commented that:
Portugal sought to participate in the Indian Ocean trade and was first brought into conflict with Gujarat when the Gujarati governor of Diu Malik Ayyaz joined a Mamluk-Calicut-Venetian coalition to drive the Portuguese out of India in 1508.
Course of hostilities
Battle of Chaul, 1508
The Battle of Chaul was a naval battle between a Portuguese fleet commanded by Dom Lourenço de Almeida and an Egyptian Mamluk fleet allied to a Gujarati fleet in 1508 in the harbour of Chaul in India. The battle ended in a Muslim victory. This was the first Portuguese defeat at sea in the Indian Ocean.
Battle of Diu, 1509
After the Battle of Chaul in 1508, an allied Mamluk-Gujarati-Calicut force had assembled a fleet in Diu to drive the Portuguese out of India. They were confronted by a Portuguese fleet under the command of the viceroy of India Dom Francisco de Almeida.
Portuguese victory was critical: the great Muslim alliance was soundly defeated, easing the Portuguese strategy of controlling the Indian Ocean to route trade down the Cape of Good Hope, circumventing the historical spice trade controlled by the Arabs and the Venetians through the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. After the battle, the Kingdom of Portugal rapidly captured several key ports in the Indian Ocean including Goa, Colombo, Malacca and Ormuz. Losses crippled the Mamluk Sultanate and the Gujarat Sultanate.
The Battle of Diu was a battle of annihilation similar to the Battle of Lepanto and the Battle of Trafalgar, and one of the most important in world naval history, for it marks the beginning of European dominance over Asian seas that would last until the Second World War.
Battles of Chaul and Dabul, 1517
In 1517, a Portuguese fleet of 7 oarships under the command of João de Monroi defeated a fleet of 15 Gujarati oarships from Diu near Chaul, contracted by the lord of Mahim to attack Portuguese shipping. Later that same year, Monroi defeated another fleet of 14 oarships near Dabul thanks to superior artillery.
Battle of Chaul 1521
When the Portuguese began construction of a fortress in Chaul with the consent of the Nizam Shah of Ahmadnagar, the governor of Diu Malik Issack dispatched 40-50 oarships under the leadership of Aga Mohammed to prevent its construction. The Portuguese governor of India Diogo Lopes de Sequeira mobilized three galleons, a caravel and three galleys under the command of Dom Aleixo de Meneses and after a long-drawn combat of artillery in November 1521, Aga Mohammed retreated in disgrace.
Gujarat campaign, 1531
In 1531, the Portuguese governor of India Nuno da Cunha assembled a large armada of up to 400 ships and 30,000 men to capture the island of Diu.
They engaged roughly 800 enemy soldiers at Siyâl Bet island and killed them all. The Portuguese suffered 9 or 17 killed and 120 wounded. They then sailed for Diu, but the Muslim alliance defeated them and killed 14. The victory was partly the result of Ottoman firepower over the Portuguese deployed by Mustafa Bayram, an Ottoman expert.
Although Diu was successfully defended, victory was short-lived: Diu was blockaded and the Portuguese armada was diverted towards more exposed Gujarati cities. Ghogha, Surat, Mangrol, Somnath, Bassein, Tarapur, Kelva, Mahim, Bulsar, Agashi, Patam, Pate, and many other settlements were assaulted and sacked, some never recovering from the attacks.
In 1534, Sultan Bahadur of Gujarat signed a peace treaty with Governor Nuno da Cunha, granting the Portuguese the territory of Bassein, including Bombay. In 1535, the Portuguese were allowed to construct a fortress at Diu.
Siege of Diu, 1538
The Sultan of Gujarat Bahadur Shah who was under threat from the Mughal emperor Humayun, granting Diu to the Portuguese in exchange for assistance against the Mughals and protection should the realm fall. The Portuguese seized the stronghold of Gogala (Bender-i Türk) near the city, and built the Diu Fort. Once the threat from Humayun was removed, Bahadur tried to negotiate the withdrawal of the Portuguese but on 13 February 1537 he drowned during the negotiations in unclear circumstances, both sides blaming the other for the tragedy.
Bahadur Shah had appealed to the Ottomans to expel the Portuguese, which led to the 1538 expedition. An army of the Sultanate of Gujarat under Khoja Zufar aided by an Ottoman fleet led by the Ottoman governor of Egypt Hadım Suleiman Pasha, attempted to capture Diu in 1538 but the Portuguese under the command of captain António da Silveira resisted the four months long siege.
Siege of Bassein, 1538
While Diu was besieged, Gujarat sieged Bassein. The commander of Bassein Ruy Lourenço de Távora dispatched a distress call to the governor, who sent him a galleon and four barques with 400 soldiers in reinforcements under the command of Tristão de Ataíde. Upon arriving, the Portuguese attacked the Gujarati army and forced them to withdraw to a neighbouring island, where they were surrounded and destroyed. Upon being known of the defeat at Diu, the Gujaratis discontinued their attacks against the Portuguese.
Siege of Diu, 1546
After the failed siege of 1538, the Gujarati general Khoja Zufar besieged Diu again in an attempt to recapture the island. The siege lasted seven months from 20 April 1546 to 10 November 1546.
The siege ended when a Portuguese fleet under Governor João de Castro arrived and routed the attackers.
Khoja Zufar and his son Muharram Rumi Khan were both killed during the siege.
Sack of Bharuch 1547
After Diu was sieged for the second time by the Sultanate of Gujarat, the Portuguese governor of India dispatched Jorge de Meneses with a force of 10 oarships and 600 men to blockade the coast of Gujarat and capture any ship carrying supplies. Having acquired information from fishermen of two captured vessels that nearby Bharuch was poorly protected, he conducted a daring night-time raid against the city, successfully assaulting it and sacking it. Meneses and his men afterwards attacked the neighbouring towns and coastal populations. In the aftermath, Jorge de Meneses added Baroche to his name in remembrance of the exploit.
Portuguese conquest of Daman
Daman was captured by the Portuguese governor of India Dom Constantino de Bragança in order to reinforce the security of Bassein. The lord of Daman whom the Portuguese identified as Cid Bofetá had mobilized 4000 men to defend his territory, however he abandoned the city and retreated further inland upon the arrival of the Portuguese armada, numbering about 100 ships and 3000 soldiers. Cid Bofetá was then routed by António Moniz Barreto, who attacked his camp in a night-time raid with 500 men, while Dom Pedro de Almeida later captured nearby Valsad with 150 horse and 150 foot.
Aftermath
After the acquisition of Bassein in 1534 and Diu in 1535, Portuguese grip on navigation in the Gulf of Khambat became even tighter with the capture of Daman, making it increasingly difficult for merchant ships to travel without a cartaz, and the invicibility of Portuguese fleets ultimately caused the Gujaratis to accept the system. Control of the Gulf by the Portuguese navy was therefore complete. Bahadur Shah successors struggled with civil-war, until eventually Gujarat was annexed by the Mughals in 1573.
Daman and Diu would remain in Portuguese possession for 402 years, until 1961.
See also
Portuguese India
Mamluk-Portuguese conflicts
Ottoman-Portuguese conflicts (1538-1560)
Acehnese-Portuguese conflicts
Sinhalese-Portuguese conflicts
Malay-Portuguese conflicts
Fort São Jerónimo
Fort of Daman
References
Warfare of the early modern period
Wars involving Portugal
History of Daman and Diu
Gujarat Sultanate
Maritime history of India
16th century in Portuguese India
Military history of India
16th century in the Portuguese Empire
Military history of Portugal |
2713362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swage%20block | Swage block | A swage block (or swager block) is a large, heavy block of cast iron or steel used in smithing, with variously-sized holes in its face and usually with forms on the sides.
The through-holes are of various shapes and sizes and are used to hold, support or back up a hot bar of metal for further shaping. Operations performed on a swage block include but are not limited to bending, cutting, punching and forming. The sides are scalloped to present formed shapes for forging operations. Shapes are for example the curve of a wheel, which could be used to finish a wheel rim, using a suitable hammer. Other shapes, such as the half hexagon, can be used with a matching top swage to form a hexagonal cross-section on a bar. The various shapes around the edge of the swage block all have corresponding shapes in the form of top swages to shape iron bar into various sections.
The image shows a 15-inch, square swage block with various semi-circular, hexagonal, and square shapes around its perimeter along with a selection of through-holes.
There are two general types of swage block: Industrial, as described above, and artistic. Artist Blacksmiths sometimes require a tool that will allow metal to be formed in ways that an anvil or traditional industrial swage block will not allow, a special Artists' block is then often used. As with industrial swage blocks, artistic blocks come in many shapes and sizes; common features are hemispherical and ovoid depressions, asymmetrical curves and non-standard angled planes (i.e. not 45 or 90 degrees). In addition, individual blocks may contain unique features of specific use or relevance to a particular smith or branch of the blacksmithing craft.
The example pictured below is a block ten inches square by four inches deep and allows a smith to form metal to various angles and shapes, most notably as spoons, ladles and funnels.
External links
http://www.swageblocks.com/what_is_swage_block.htm
Metalworking tools |
55476851 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban%20Zemmer | Urban Zemmer | Urban Zemmer (born 4 July 1970) is an Italian male sky runner, world champion in the vertical kilometer at the 2010 Skyrunning World Championships.
Biography
In the specialty of the vertical kilometer he also won the European championships in 2009 and Italian championships in 2009, 2010, 2011,
National titles
Italian Vertical Kilometer Championships (FISKY version)
Vertical kilometer: 2011
References
External links
Urban Zemmer profile at Accapi
1970 births
Living people
Italian sky runners
Skyrunning World Championships winners |
12755740 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Black%20and%20White%20Album | The Black and White Album | The Black and White Album is the fourth studio album by Swedish rock band The Hives, released on 8 October 2007 through A&M/Octone and Polydor Records. The track listing for The Black and White Album was confirmed on the band's German website on 13 September 2007, and later through NME. The Hives recorded 20 to 30 songs (including seven recorded with producers The Neptunes) for this album from which they finally chose the best. Other tracks were produced by Jacknife Lee and Dennis Herring. Sessions were held with Timbaland, with whom the band produced the song "Throw It On Me", but took place too late for any of the resulting tracks to be on the album. They hoped to use these songs as B-sides. It is the band's longest album and the only one over the length of 32 minutes.
Background
The band revealed in an NME interview that one song, "Puppet on a String", has just "piano and hand claps". The song "A Stroll Through Hive Manor Corridors" is an instrumental using just a 1960s organ and a drum machine.
"Well All Right!" and "T.H.E.H.I.V.E.S." were produced by The Neptunes, and "Try It Again" features the cheerleading squad from the University of Mississippi.
A video for "Won't Be Long" was released on The Hives MySpace on 26 August 2008.
The song "Fall Is Just Something Grownups Invented" was used for autumn promotions on the US television channel Cartoon Network in 2007. This song appears as a bonus track on the United Kingdom version of the album, the iTunes release in the United States and on the Japanese edition with the album, along with "Hell No".
Release
The first single from the album "Tick Tick Boom" appeared in the games Madden NFL 08 and Madden NFL 11; although it is an early version with some notable changes, such as an alternative chorus. The final version appears on the album as well as in NCAA Football 10. Clips from this song appeared in a Nike commercial (2007-08-14th US, and 2007-09-24th UK) prior to the single's release date on 8 October 2007.
On 9 October 2007 iTunes Globally released the singles: "Tick Tick Boom", "Try It Again", "You Got It All... Wrong", "Well All Right!", "Won't Be Long", and the non-album bonus track "Fall Is Just Something Grownups Invented".
The originally scheduled release of the album (on 9 October 2007) was postponed until 15 October 2007 in the United Kingdom (via Polydor Records) and 13 November 2007 in the United States (via A&M/Octone Records and No Fun AB).
On 17 December 2007 the band's website confirmed "T.H.E.H.I.V.E.S." would be released in February 2008 as a single.
Track listing
All songs by Randy Fitzsimmons
Personnel
Howlin' Pelle Almqvist – vocals, piano
Nicholaus Arson – lead guitar, backing vocals
Vigilante Carlstroem – rhythm guitar, organ/backing vocals
Dr. Matt Destruction – bass guitar, backing vocals on "Tick Tick Boom"
Chris Dangerous – drums, backing vocals on "Tick Tick Boom"
Pelle Gunnerfeldt – mixing
Serban Ghenea – mixing
Joe Zook – mixing
Ted Jensen – mastering
Dennis Herring – producer
The Neptunes – producers
Garret "Jacknife" Lee – producer
Thomas Öberg – producer
Matt Radosevich – engineer
Charts
References
2007 albums
The Hives albums
Albums produced by Jacknife Lee
Albums produced by Dennis Herring
Albums produced by the Neptunes |
38851216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Baines%20%28footballer%29 | John Baines (footballer) | John Robert Baines (born 25 September 1937) is an English former footballer who played as a forward in the Football League for Colchester United.
Career
Born in Colchester, Baines joined his hometown club Colchester United from local amateur side Colchester Casuals, signing a professional deal in January 1960 following his national service. Baines made his first-team debut replacing the injured Neil Langman for three matches, making his debut in a 3–1 win at Layer Road against Halifax Town on 4 March.
Unable to break into the first-team during the promotion winning season of 1961–62, Baines made one final appearance for the club on 1 September 1962, a 1–1 draw with Bournemouth at Dean Court, replacing Martyn King who had been given permission by manager Benny Fenton to appear in a table tennis tournament. This brought Baines' total appearance figure for the club to four.
After playing his final game, Baines left United, joining local club Lexden Wanderers before emigrating to Australia. There, he played for South Australia, Port Adelaide, Lion SC and Elizabeth City, the latter managed by former U's player Sammy McLeod.
References
1937 births
Living people
Footballers from Colchester
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Colchester Casuals F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
English Football League players |
60122155 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz%20Baumann%20%28priest%29 | Heinz Baumann (priest) | Heinz Hubert Baumann (11 December 1946 – 24 April 2010) was a German Roman-Catholic priest in Aachen.
Life
Heinz Baumann grew up as the first son of August and Agnes Baumann in Jülich- and attended the humanities-oriented gymnasium . There he came into contact with the teachings of Francis de Sales and early on developed the desire to become a priest. After graduating in 1966, he studied philosophy and theology in Bonn and Tübingen under Hans Küng and Joseph Ratzinger and was ordained as a priest on 17 June 1972 in Krefeld. After a few years as a chaplain at the Aachen parishes of and he moved to in the on 2 April 1979. On 29 December 1981 (with effect from 1 January 1982) bishop Klaus Hemmerle appointed him to become the successor of Ferdinand Lenßen as pastor of St. Elisabeth. He was introduced into his duties on 17 January 1982. At the end of 1998, Heinz Baumann fell seriously ill for about seven months. After his recovery and return he continued to lead the parish until 2009. He died from illness on 24 April 2010. His grave is located in his birthplace Barmen.
Work
Baumann wanted to see church as a meeting place widely open for anyone and beyond confessional borders. He typically tried to convince people with deeds rather than words and to thereby encourage imitation. He was motivated by a deep belief and commitment to social justice, reflected in a multitude of projects, events and long-term established facilities. Besides his child and youth work he helped long-term unemployed people (f.e. by the creation of an unemployment center), drug addicts, and he supported the peace movement, cross-cultural communication and intercultural exchange. He also encouraged people to take over responsibility and initiative themselves.
While to him working with the youth had the highest priority he also continued to maintain already established initiatives such as the "Elisabeth Conference", a program originally founded in 1908 to support poor people, and among them especially elderly women and, increasingly, single mothers. Between 1989 and 2004 he set up a clothing store for people in need. In 1991, he helped set up a library open to everyone. He also initiated a local newspaper.
Between 1991 and 1994, a nationwide exchange program took place under the name "" between German St. Elisabeth parishes. More than one hundred pupils from cities such as Bottrop, Eisenach, Aachen and Königs-Wusterhausen participated in this program.
Gifted with a certain kind of wit, Baumann became known to also take unconventional and sometimes odd measures to support people in need. He actively participated in many social-political discussions and was not shy to exchange even vehement arguments with superiors inside and outside the church.
Open also to worldly amusements, Baumann was guided by his insight: "Jesus must have been a happy person, why else would he have turned water into wine?"
For example, he was a member of the traditional '' in Barmen and honoured member of the carneval society ''.
From 1990 on he repeatedly celebrated holy masses in the circus tent of the Circus Roncalli whenever they came around to visit Aachen on their journey.
The vicinity of the parish church of St. Elisabeth being located at the , one of Aachen's important traffic hubs with the nearby , was utilized by Baumann for large-scale admonishing banners mounted on the building's facade and fencing in order to spread the message and draw attention from motorists and passers-by to global ills as well as to local activities and to ask for help and commitment.
Since 1994 on the occasion of the annual World Animal Day he carried out animal blessings of domestic animals in memory of Francis of Assisi.
Being a passionate football fan since his youth, Baumann officially looked after the team of the 1. FC Köln pastorally, an initiative originally started in 1991 when he supported the players in the struggles after the accidental death of the German Bundesliga player Maurice Banach. Over time he thereby became known as "FC pastor" nationally.
As a diocesan minister, he led seminars and workshops on intergenerationality in the Maria Laach Abbey. In addition, he was deputy federal praeses of the federal association of Catholic male communities and men's facility in Germany.
In 1993, Baumann was awarded the prize of the Zeitungsverlag Aachen for demonstrating virtues such as helpfulness, humor, repartee, originality and passion for Aachen.
Heinz Baumann inspired the German artist to create several portraits, some of which could be seen posthumously f.e. in the 2012 exhibition "Fanum Profanum".
From 2002, he fought to continue the social services for young people and to keep the unemployment center open against austerity and closure intentions imposed by his superiors. He also advocated for employees threatened with redundancies, including offering parts of his own salary. At the same time Baumann tried to save costs and increase the attractiveness of the church by moving parts of the parish office into the church itself in 2002 (project "", engl. "Desk in the church") so that the church could open to visitors also in the mornings. In 2003, further ideas for new usage concepts were presented. In 2005, this led to redesigning the entrance area of the church, which now could be easily inspected from outside through a newly created window in order to remove threshold fears to enter the church from pedestrians in the streets. The parish office was relocated into there and combined with a café meeting point open to anyone.
In parallel, in 2004/2005, Baumann personally supported the initiative of several pupils of the parish to repaint the entire interior of the church (project "", engl. "White Christmas") and arranged a holiday camp in . These flourishing contacts resulted in that he was asked to inaugurate their local (engl. 'Brother Klaus Chapel') in July 2008.
See also
Heinrich Mussinghoff
Giovanni Melchiorre Bosco
Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB)
Pastor Lenssen Polytechnic College (PLPC)
Ignaci Siluvai
(AGV)
References
Further reading
(116+2 pages)
(72+4 pages) (Excerpts: Archive.org PDF)
20th-century German Roman Catholic priests
People from Aachen
1946 births
2010 deaths
1. FC Köln non-playing staff |
6326505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhmetevsky%20Bus%20Garage | Bakhmetevsky Bus Garage | Bakhmetevsky Bus Garage was a public bus garage in Moscow, designed in 1926 by Konstantin Melnikov (floorplan concept and architectural design) and Vladimir Shukhov (structural engineering). The building, completed in 1927, was an example of applying avant-garde architectural methods to an industrial facility. Neglected for decades and nearly condemned to demolition, it was restored in 2007–2008 and reopened in September 2008 as a gallery of modern art.
Original design
In 1925, Melnikov travelled to Paris. Back in Moscow, Melnikov saw a new fleet of Leyland buses tucked into a narrow yard in Bolshaya Ordynka Street. He approached city transportation board and sold his idea for a free-flow garage. It was built on a large lot in Bakhmetevskaya Street, 11 (then a working class suburb north from Garden Ring; later, the street was renamed Obraztsova Street). Bakhmetevsky Garage, sometimes associated with constructivist architecture, was in fact styled in an indefinite red-brick industrial livery; circular windows in the attic are the only avant-garde features (and even these were destroyed decades ago).
Later development
Melnikov also designed workshops and office buildings on the same lot, filling the irregular voids made by placing a parallelogram-shaped garage on a larger, rectangular lot.
Preservation attempts
In 1990, the aging garage was listed as an architectural memorial. In 2001, the bus company vacated the building and the City Hall donated it to the Moscow Hasidic Jewish Community Center
for redevelopment, on condition that the Community Center build a public school on the same lot and return it to the City. The Community Center approached architect Alexey Vorontsov to design the whole project.
References
External links
Bakhmetevsky Bus Garage
3d model of Bakhmetevsky Bus Garage
Russian: Redevelopment plan in detail, 2003, PDF format
Buildings and structures in Moscow
Roof structures by Vladimir Shukhov
Constructivist architecture
Modernist architecture in Russia
Russian avant-garde
Energy infrastructure completed in 1927
Tourist attractions in Moscow
Buildings and structures built in the Soviet Union
Cultural heritage monuments of regional significance in Moscow |
52551025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ambassadors%20of%20Portugal%20to%20the%20United%20Kingdom | List of ambassadors of Portugal to the United Kingdom | The Portuguese Ambassador to the United Kingdom (known formally in the United Kingdom as Ambassador of the Portuguese Republic to the Court of St James's) is the official representative of the Portuguese Republic to the Queen and Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
The Portuguese Embassy is located at 11 Belgrave Square, London.
The current ambassador is Manuel Lobo Antunes, who succeeded João de Vallera in 2016.
List of highest-ranking Portuguese envoys to Britain
Legation (1641–1924)
The following list of heads of mission comes from the Diplomatic Institute of the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
References
Portugal
United Kingdom |
2388769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20Y%20League | Super Y League | The Super Y League is a youth soccer league with teams from the United States and Canada. Founded in 1999, the Super Y League is dedicated to the progression of future professional players and has steered the course for development of elite clubs, players and coaches. Affiliated with U.S. Soccer, the Super Y League has opened countless doors for players to be identified for U.S. National Team programs. The Super Y League contains the youth academies of Major League Soccer, United Soccer League and Premier Development League clubs. The league also serves clubs looking to develop the game from the ground up.
The Super Y League operates the following age groups: U-12, U-13, U-14, U-15, U-16/17, U-18/19. From 2006 to 2015, the oldest age group was branded as the Super-20 League.
Former clubs
References
External links
Official website
United Soccer League
Youth soccer leagues in the United States
1999 establishments in the United States
Sports leagues established in 1999 |
57348658 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oopterinus%20perforatus | Oopterinus perforatus | Oopterinus perforatus is a species of antlike weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Curculioninae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1873 |
44645068 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%20Ohio%20Valley%20Conference%20men%27s%20basketball%20tournament | 2015 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament | The 2015 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 4–7 at Nashville Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee.
Format
The OVC tournament was an eight-team tournament with the third and fourth seeds receiving a first round bye and the two divisional winners receiving byes through to the semifinals.
The top team in each division, based on conference winning percentage, automatically earned a berth into the tournament. The next six teams with the highest conference winning percentage also earned a bid, regardless of division. The No. 1 seed went to the divisional winner with the higher conference winning percentage, while the No. 2 seed automatically went to the other divisional winner. The remaining six teams were seeded 3–8 by conference winning percentage, regardless of division.
Seeds
Bracket
See also
2015 Ohio Valley Conference women's basketball tournament
References
External links
2015 OVC Men's & Women's Basketball Championship
Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
Tournament
Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
Basketball competitions in Nashville, Tennessee
College sports tournaments in Tennessee |
63531333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi%C4%9Fit%20Arslan | Yiğit Arslan | Yiğit Arslan (born 12 May 1996) is a Turkish professional basketball player for Beşiktaş of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the Turkish national team.
Professional career
Tofaş (2014–2019)
Arslan started his professional career at Tofaş in 2014 at the age of 18, in the 2014–15 season, he averaged 2.6 point, 1.4 rebound and 0.5 assist. In the 2015–16 season, he averaged 6.1 point, 1.8 rebound and 1.1 assists. In the 2016–17 season, he averaged 3.5 point, 1.5 rebound and 0.8 assists. In the 2017–18 season, he averaged 4.8 point, 1.6 rebound and 1 assists In the 2017–18 season at Tofaş, he averaged 6.7 point, 2.7 rebound and 1.7 assists.
Galatasaray (2019–2021)
Before the 2019–20 season, he moved to the Galatasaray S.K. team.
Tofaş (2021–2022)
On July 1, 2021, he has signed with Tofaş and returned back where his professional career has started.
Bahçeşehir Koleji (2022–2023)
On June 21, 2022, he has signed with Bahçeşehir Koleji of the Turkish Basketball Super League (BSL).
Beşiktaş (2023–present)
On June 23, 2023, he signed with Beşiktaş of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL).
National team career
Junior teams
Arslan represented Turkey at the 2014 FIBA U18 European Championship in Konya, Turkey, where he averaged 4.4 points, 2.7 rebounds and 0.3 assists.
A year later, he played at the 2015 FIBA Under-19 World Cup, where he averaged 5.6 points, 2.4 rebounds and 0.6 assists. He also represented the Turkish national under-20 team at the 2016 FIBA U20 European Championship in Finland, where he averaged 9.4 points, 4.3 rebounds and 2 assists.
Senior team
Arslan represented the Turkish national team at the 2019 FIBA World Cup in China, where he averaged 0.7 points, 1 rebound and 0.3 assists.
References
External links
RealGM profile
1996 births
Living people
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup players
Bahçeşehir Koleji S.K. players
Beşiktaş men's basketball players
Galatasaray S.K. (men's basketball) players
People from Osmangazi
Sportspeople from Bursa Province
Shooting guards
Sportspeople from Bursa
Tofaş S.K. players
Turkish men's basketball players |
3480633 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Association%20of%20Oral%20and%20Maxillofacial%20Surgeons | American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons | The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) is the non-profit professional association serving the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery, the surgical arm of dentistry. Its headquarters are in Rosemont, Illinois.
History
This organization was founded in 1918 by 29 dentists who specialized in extracting teeth. In 1919, the organization was initially named American Society of Exodontists and was formally recognized by American Dental Association. In 1921, the organization changed its name from American Society of Exodontists to the American Society of Oral Surgeons and Exodontists. During World War I, US did not have Dental Corps yet because of which lot of dentists volunteered for surgery with their medical colleagues. Lot of oral surgeons in the earlier part of 20th century had their medical degrees which allowed them to work with facial trauma in the World War I. Some of the early dentists who progressed the speciality in many different ways were Varaztad Kazanjian, Robert H. Ivy, Carl W. Waldron. Simon Hullihen and James Garretson are also known for their significant contributions to the field of oral surgery.
AAOMS created the Board of the American Society of Oral Surgeons in 1946. The name of this board was then changed to American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (ABOMS) in 1978. The speciality then changed its name to American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) from American Society of Oral Surgeons and Exodontists in 1978.
AAOMS also played a key role in creating the first American edition of Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 1943. AAOMS created this journal with help of ADA. The journal was first called Journal of Oral Surgery. This journal was purchased by AAOMS from ADA IN 1981 to gain more control. Another journal called Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, and Oral Radiology also has been publishing articles related to oral surgery since 1948.
Present
AAOMS currently has an affiliation base of more than 9,000 fellows, members and residents in the United States, as well as 250 affiliate members from nations around the world. More than 90 percent of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States belong to AAOMS. In addition to its membership, AAOMS has state component societies in each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and eight regional component societies.
AAOMS publishes the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and conducts the Daniel M. Laskin Award for an Outstanding Predoctoral Educator.
References
External links
Home page
MyOMS.org
Surgical organizations based in the United States
Dental organizations
Medical and health professional associations in Chicago |
123883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralston%2C%20Nebraska | Ralston, Nebraska | Ralston is a city in Douglas County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 6,494 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Omaha, Ralston is surrounded on three sides by the city of Omaha by 84th, 72nd, and L Streets, and by Sarpy County (Harrison Street) on the south side.
History
The area of the townsite was established on May 23, 1907 with the sale of 282.7 acres of land owned by Omaha newspaper editor George L Miller to the Ralston Investment Company. A year later the town was platted by future Omaha mayor Roy N. Towl. A petition to incorporate the property as a village was submitted to the Douglas County Board of Commissions on June 22, 1912, which was adopted by the Board two days later on June 24.
The still nascent village experienced a devastating blow to its development on Easter, March 23, 1913, when a tornado tore through the downtown area. The 1913 Easter Tornado was part of a March 1913 tornado outbreak sequence that ripped through the Southern and Midwestern regions of the United States.
In 1934, following a fire that destroyed half a city block, Ralston declared bankruptcy; it was one of the first cities in the United States to do so.
Geography
Ralston is located at (41.202198, -96.037168).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
The nearest hospital is Bergan Mercy Hospital (3.7 miles) located in Omaha.
Demographics
2010 census
At the time of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 5,943 people. There was a total of 2,581 households, of which 1,560 households were made of families. The population density was . There were 2,711 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 89.7% White, 2.6% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 4.6% from other races, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.0% of the population.
There were 2,581 households, of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.6% were non-families. 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.94.
The median age in the city was 40 years. 22.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.1% were from 25 to 44; 27.7% were from 45 to 64; and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,314 people, 2,538 households, and 1,697 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 2,601 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 94.96% White, 1.24% African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.16% Asian, Pacific Islander, 1.58% from other races, and 0.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.39% of the population.
There were 2,538 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $47,252, and the median income for a family was $58,360. Males had a median income of $35,898 versus $27,475 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,230. About 0.6% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.
Education
The local school district is Ralston Public Schools. Ralston High School opened on Lakeview Drive in 1954; it is now at 8969 Park Drive. The old high school building was converted to the middle school. In 2006, Ralston High School's enrollment jumped from 850 students to 1090 students.
The Ralston Public Library opened in 1922 and was first located in the Stewart Real Estate Office. Two years later it was moved to the Centennial room in the basement level of City Hall. In 1963, the library moved to 7900 Park Lane. In May 1999, it returned to the downtown area and was renamed the Baright Public Library; it is currently at 5555 South 77th Street.
Attractions
The Ralston Arena opened October 19, 2012 and serves as the home of the Omaha Lancers hockey team, the Omaha Beef indoor football team, and was the home of UNO Mavericks men's basketball team until Baxter Arena opened in 2015. On January 1, 2022, the arena's was officially renamed the Liberty First Credit Union Arena.
Local Businesses
1st State Bank - 1st.BANK
Awarded the 2018 Business of the Year by the Ralston Chamber of Commerce.
Transportation
Transit service to the city is provided by Metro Transit.
See also
List of municipalities in Nebraska
References
External links
Ralston Public Schools Website
Ralston Area Chamber of Commerce
Baright Public Library
Liberty First Credit Union Arena
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Ralston City, Nebraska
City-Data.com
Cities in Douglas County, Nebraska
Cities in Nebraska
History of Omaha, Nebraska by community area
1912 establishments in Nebraska |
63512511 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullah%20Al-Wazzan | Abdullah Al-Wazzan | Abdullah Al-Wazzan is a film director, screenwriter and film producer. He was born in Kuwait City, Kuwait in 1990. Al-Wazzan developed an interest in filmmaking in his early preteens. At the age of 17 he studied Architecture, And graduated with a Bachelor of Architecture in 2012. He went on to create the animated short film Falafel Cart (2019) which was officially submitted to the 92nd Academy Awards in the animated short film category. The film was officially selected at the Hiroshima International Animation Festival and won best international short film at the Los Angeles Animation Festival. In 2021 Al-Wazzan won best animated short film at the Burbank International Film Festival. Falafel Cart received nominations at D.C. Independent Film Festival, Palm Springs International Animation Festival, Southampton International Film Festival and Ajyal Film Festival. And was officially selected at Athens Animfest, Sonoma International Film Festival, Rabat International Author Film Festival and Montreal International Animation Film Festival.
In May 2017, the Doha Film Institute announced that Abdullah Al-Wazzan's drama, thriller "Soaring over Mayhem" is one of five short films to receive its annual grant.
Filmography
Awards
References
External links
Abdullah Al-Wazzan on IMDb
Falafel Cart on IMDb
Soaring over Mayhem on IMDb
Falafel Cart film site
Kuwaiti film directors
Kuwaiti screenwriters
Kuwaiti film producers
Arabic-language film directors
1990 births
Living people |
36860853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20heritage%20places%20in%20Fremantle | List of heritage places in Fremantle | This is a list of heritage places in the City of Fremantle that are listed on the State Register of Heritage Places. In 2017, there are 252 such places, including buildings and monuments. This list includes many places which are included within the Fremantle West End Heritage area, a historic district which includes about 250 buildings, which was itself listed on the State Register in 2016.
This list is based on information from the State Heritage Office's inHerit database. The inHerit database includes places which are on the State Register of Heritage Places, the City of Fremantle's Municipal Heritage Inventory, the National Trust's List of Classified Places, the National Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritage List. This list contains just those listed on the State Register.
Locations are approximate, and may be viewed in linked OSM, Google, or Bing maps. Coordinates are intended to be pointed to exact buildings and monuments listed, but have not all been verified, and may be off by 50 metres or more.
List
See also
Fremantle West End Heritage area
Notes
References
Fremantle
Fremantle
Fremantle-related lists |
22056499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism%20in%20Bolivia | Tourism in Bolivia | Tourism in Bolivia is one of the economic sectors of the country. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia (INE), there were over 1.24 million tourists that visited the country in 2020, making Bolivia the ninth most visited country in South America. the Bolivia is a country with great tourism potential, with many attractions, due to its diverse culture, geographic regions, rich history and food. In particular, the salt flats at Uyuni are a major attraction.
World Heritage Site
In the country there are six World Heritages declared by the UNESCO:
The ruins of the city of Tiwanaku, capital of the 6th-century empire that ruled the southern Andes
The city of Potosí, historic city known for its religious and civic monuments and Cerro Rico
The Amazon, a large rainforest and sanctuary for wildlife.
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, representative place of the Amazon and its immense biodiversity, located on a large plateau, covered by vast forests and magnificent waterfalls.
Madidi National Park, the most diverse place in Bolivia, declared by National Geographic to be one of the 20 best places to visit in the world.
Toro Toro National Park, where found paleontological wealth (thousands of dinosaurs footprints), caves, waterfalls, rock paintings and other places of interest are.
The Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos, the only active missions of all of South America.
The Fort Samaipata, the big rock carved by the Incas in the foothills of the Andes as the limit of his empire.
The Carnival of Oruro,a festival in which Catholicism is mixed with paganism.
Destination
Lake Titicaca, the world's highest navigable lake.
The Isla del Sol, the sacred place of the Incas and birthplace of the founders of the Inca Empire, Manco Cápac and Mama Ocllo
The Isla de la Luna, another sacred place of the Incas near the Isla del Sol.
Copacabana, a small town on the shores of Titicaca, home to the Virgin of Copacabana, crowned queen of Bolivia.
The Andes, the longest mountain range in the world, spanning the entire continent, and has exceptionally attractive regions:
The ski slope containing the highest restaurant in the world, called Chacaltaya.
The highest mountain in the country: Nevado Sajama, with the highest forest in the world.
The salt flats of Uyuni and Coipasa, the largest salt flats in the world.
Bolivia also is the only country in the world in having the only hotel totally fabricated of salt, found in the Uyuni.
The lakes Green lake and Red Lagoon, the sanctuary of the Andean flamingos with one of the largest active volcanoes in the world, the Licancabur.
The historic cities of:
Potosí with its Cerro Rico, formerly the largest deposit of silver in the world.
Sucre, the constitutional capital city of Bolivia, and The City of Four Names, which is home to one of the oldest universities in the Americas.
Cal Orcko is a paleontological site, found in the quarry of a cement factory, in the Department of Chuquisaca.
Casa de la Libertad, where the Declaration of Independence of Bolivia remains.
La Recoleta, a Franciscan monastery, one of the first in the city.
The Madidi National Park, considered by National Geographic to be one of the most imprescidible places to visit in the world, is part of the circuit of tourism in Bolivia.
The Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, located in the department of SantHeritage, which was on 13 December 1991 declared a World Heritage Site. The camps Flor de Oro (the principal camp) and Los Fierros have tourist infrastructure.
See also
Visa policy of Bolivia
List of national parks of Bolivia
Visitor attractions in Bolivia (category)
Aquicuana Reserve
Lake Titicaca
Uyuni
References
External links
Tourism in Bolivia
Bolivia |
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